Singafora

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      <text bytes="3727" sha1="p7mkbu0durqxqdv9r95pqa1h2o3fr4p" xml:space="preserve">c daya daga cikin ƙasashe mafi ƙanƙanta a duniya, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da suka fi samun ci gaban tattalin arziki, ilimi, fasaha da rayuwar al'umma. Babban birnin ƙasar shi ne Singapore, wanda kuma shi ne sunan ƙasar baki ɗaya.

Tarihi

An kafa Singafora a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci ta Birtaniya a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 1819, lokacin da Sir Stamford Raffles ya kafa tashar kasuwanci ta Kamfanin East India Company. Kafin wannan lokaci, yankin yana ƙarƙashin masarautun Malay.

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Japan ta mamaye Singafora daga shekarar 1942 zuwa 1945. Bayan yaƙin, Birtaniya ta sake karɓar ikon yankin.

A shekarar 1959, Singafora ta sami ikon gudanar da mulkin kanta. Daga baya, a shekarar 1963, ta shiga Tarayyar Malaysia tare da Malaya, Sabah da Sarawak. Sai dai saboda sabanin siyasa da tattalin arziki, ta balle daga Malaysia a ranar 9 ga Agusta, 1965, kuma ta zama ƙasa mai cikakken 'yanci.

Yanayin ƙasa

Singafora tana kudu da Malaysia, kuma tana rabuwa da ita ta mashigin Johor. A kudunta akwai mashigin Singapore wanda ya haɗa ta da Indonesia.

Ƙasar ta ƙunshi babban tsibiri guda ɗaya da ƙananan tsibirai sama da sittin. Duk da ƙarancin faɗinta, gwamnati ta faɗaɗa ƙasar ta hanyar cike wasu sassan teku da ƙasa.

Tsarin Mulki

Singafora jamhuriya ce mai tsarin dimokiraɗiyya na majalisa.

Shugaban ƙasa shi ne shugaban ƙasa.

Firaminista shi ne shugaban gwamnati kuma ke gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum.

Majalisar dokoki ce ke yin dokoki.


Tattalin Arziki

Singafora na cikin ƙasashen da suka fi arziki a duniya idan aka kwatanta kuɗin shiga ga kowane mutum.

Manyan hanyoyin samun kuɗaɗen shiga sun haɗa da:

Kasuwancin duniya

Harkokin banki da kuɗi

Fasahar zamani

Masana'antun lantarki

Hada magunguna

Tace da sarrafa man fetur

Yawon buɗe ido

Sufurin jiragen ruwa da na sama


Tashar jiragen ruwan Singafora tana daga cikin mafi yawan aiki a duniya.

Jama'a

Yawan jama'ar Singafora ya haura miliyan 6.

Manyan ƙabilun ƙasar sun haɗa da:

Sinawa

Malay

Indiyawa

Sauran ƙabilu


Saboda haɗuwar al'adu daban-daban, ana gudanar da bukukuwa da al'adu iri-iri cikin lumana.

Harsunan Hukuma

Singafora tana da harsuna huɗu na hukuma:

Turanci

Malay

Mandarin (Sinanci)

Tamil


Turanci shi ne harshen da aka fi amfani da shi wajen gwamnati, ilimi da kasuwanci.

Addinai

Ana da 'yancin bin addini a Singafora.

Manyan addinai sun haɗa da:

Buddha

Kiristanci

Musulunci

Hindu

Taoism


Ilimi

Tsarin ilimin Singafora yana daga cikin mafi inganci a duniya. Gwamnati tana saka jari sosai wajen ilimi, binciken kimiyya da fasaha.

Lafiya

Ƙasar tana da ingantaccen tsarin kula da lafiya, tare da manyan asibitoci da cibiyoyin binciken lafiya. Rayuwar jama'arta na daga cikin mafi tsawo a duniya.

Sufuri

Singafora ta shahara da:

Jirgin ƙasa na MRT

Motocin bas masu inganci

Filin jirgin sama na Changi Airport, wanda ake ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun filayen jiragen sama a duniya.


Yawon Buɗe Ido

Wasu daga cikin fitattun wuraren yawon buɗe ido sun haɗa da:

Merlion Park

Marina Bay Sands

Gardens by the Bay

Sentosa Island

Singapore Zoo

Universal Studios Singapore


Muhimman Bayanai

Babban birni: Singapore

Nahiyar: Asiya

Fadin ƙasa: Kimanin kilomita murabba'i 735

Kuɗi: Dalar Singafora (Singapore Dollar – SGD)

Lokaci: UTC +8

Ranar samun 'yanci: 9 ga Agusta, 1965


Kammalawa

Singafora ta zama abin koyi ga ƙasashe da dama saboda ci gabanta a fannonin ilimi, tattalin arziki, tsaro, tsafta, fasaha da ingantaccen shugabanci. Duk da ƙarancin faɗinta da rashin yalwar albarkatun ƙasa, ta samu ci gaba mai girma ta hanyar saka jari a ilimi, fasaha, kasuwanci da gudanar da mulki cikin tsari.</text>
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      <text bytes="51551" sha1="dq94nnkj3ycu4qd8y4ply14zpesjnys" xml:space="preserve">== Barka da zuwa ==

Hi,

Welcome on the Hausa Wikipedia.

Sorry that this message is in English - we are very few editors here and most of us speak only basic/survival Hausa... so I'm very glad to see that someone who speaks fluently has just arrived.

Wishing you a good time contributing to this project (please spread the news around you, since it needs more Hausa speakers!),

--[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 14:30, 12 Agusta 2017 (UTC)
:Nagode [[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]], Zanyi kokari in jawo mutane don mu inganta [[w:ha:|Hausa Wikipedia]].
:Thank you [[user:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]], I will try to draw more people to help develop this [[w:ha:|Hausa Wikipedia]]. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:47, 10 Satumba 2017 (UTC)
::Congratulations on your recent edits! I just wanted to ask if you had received my email from last week (there is a project in order to promote Wikipedia among Hausa speakers that I would like to talk you about), and if not, at which email address I could reach out to you. Thanks a lot, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 14:03, 3 Oktoba 2017 (UTC)
:::Thanks Don. I have received it, and I will reply you there –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 21:23, 3 Oktoba 2017 (UTC)
::::I replied. [[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 12:48, 6 Oktoba 2017 (UTC)
:Hello, iam jalamcy2023 by name iam also a participant of Wikipedia, I used to edits in wikis, so iam try to filled the data support form but it refuse to open for me I don't no what's wrong, and I need the data because I don't have money to buy, please I need your help, so that I should continue my work in Wikipedia, I really enjoyed working with you. Thanks [[User:Jalamcy2023|Jalamcy2023]] ([[User talk:Jalamcy2023|talk]]) 14:28, 12 Satumba 2023 (UTC)
:samaan
:Hausa
:@[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-39981-47|&amp;#126;2026-39981-47]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-39981-47|talk]]) 13:46, 16 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

== Help ==

I am Hausa by tribe,and I am interested to start editing and creating some page need ur help don Camilo and ammar,sorry nt gud in speaking English. [[User:Slmdbr|Slmdbr]] ([[User talk:Slmdbr|talk]]) 15:20, 21 Oktoba 2017 (UTC)

==Translation of three sentences==

Dear Ammarpad,

I hope this finds you well.

[[User:Doc James|Doc James]] posted this request on my talk page, but sadly my Hausa is too weak to translate it correctly. Maybe you will be able to help him? Thanks a lot, kind regards, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 12:29, 8 Faburairu 2018 (UTC)

We are working on an offline distribution system for Wikipedia in Nigeria. Am needing help with the translation of the three sentences '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Internet-in-a-Box/Nigeria#Hausa here]'''. Wondering if you can help. Thanks [[User:Doc James|Doc James]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]]) 11:48, 8 Faburairu 2018 (UTC)
*@Doc James and DonCamillo. I have translated it. I will also send someone to translate the Igbo, if no one did. Thank you all. [[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 00:01, 15 Faburairu 2018 (UTC)
:Thanks a lot! :) --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 11:10, 5 Maris 2018 (UTC)

== Facebook page ==

Dear Ammar,

Just to mention that I have just created a Facebook page regarding the Hausa Wikipedia, in order to get more interest from Hausa-speaking people: you're welcome if you want to like it or share it with your friends: [https://www.facebook.com/HausaWikipedia/ Hausa Wikipedia]

Thanks a lot,
Kind regards, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 11:10, 5 Maris 2018 (UTC)
:Thanks a lot. I have seen it, will share too. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:48, 8 Maris 2018 (UTC)

== Neman Admin ==

Barka dai Mr.Ammarpad, Ina da matukar sha'awa sosai na taimaka a wannan shafin na hausa Wikipedia. Ni Bahaushe ne kuma ina gane Turanci, na fassara makaloli da dama daga Turanci Zuwa Hausa sabo da haka ne nake nema wannan shafin ya bani Admin domin karin tallafawa sosai. Nagode [[Abubakar A Gwanki]]
:[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki]] Naji dadin kasancewar ka bahaushe anan. Kasan babu Hausawa da yawa da zamu gina shi. Amma akwai shirye-shiryen da akeyi na farfado da it's. A wane gari kake zaune? –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 21:27, 11 Mayu 2018 (UTC)
::Mr.Ammarpad ina zaune ne a kauyen [[Gwanki]] na karamar hukumar [[Bagwai]] a jihar [[Kano]] Najeriya. [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]].
:::OK, da kwai shirin taro na musamman da ake fatan yi a Kano domin fadada wannan Wikipedia da kuma sawa dalibai suyi rubuta a nan, zan nemeka in sha Allah. Kuma idan ka gama rubuta bayani a shafin tattaunawa (kamar nan da muke magana) kawai ka rubuta (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;) guda hudu, banda bracket din, to zaka ga sunan ka, da kwanan wata, ya fito da kanshi. Kamar yadda zaka ga nawa a kasa. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:05, 12 Mayu 2018 (UTC)

== [[AuwalAzare]] ==

This page can be deleted (again), apparently. [[User:PlyrStar93|PlyrStar93]] ([[User talk:PlyrStar93|talk]]) 04:16, 16 Mayu 2018 (UTC)
:[[User:PlyrStar93|PlyStar93]]. Thanks. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 04:47, 16 Mayu 2018 (UTC)

== Auwal Azare ==

Barla dai malam Ammarpad, Wanda ya kirkiri wannan makalar ta '''Auwal Azare''' ya tubtubeni game da yadda za'ayi unblocking nashi. Idan da yadda za'ayi to a taimaka. Nagode AAgwanki 16:16, 19 Mayu 2018 (UTC)
:@[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Gwanki]] Bani na yi blocking din shi ba. Daga can babban shafin [[Special:CentralAuth/Auwall|Meta da Wikifidiya ta Truranci]] akayi blocking din shi. Sannn '''ka daina kirkirar article akan shi''', ci gaba da yin hakan za iya ja yayi blocking dinka. Wikipedia ba wurin talla bane, kuma ba kowa ake rubuta ma tarihi ba sai sannanun mutane na hakika irin yan siyasa da makamantansu. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 13:30, 21 Mayu 2018 (UTC)

== help ==

Please how to add reference and make template on Hausa articles.
It's hard to me. 
[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|AAGWANKI]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 07:39, 22 Mayu 2018 (UTC)
:@[[User:Abubakar A Gwanki]]: Yanzu babu template din anan sai an dauko su daga Wikipedia ta turanci. Amma idan kana son ka fiddo reference kawai kasa '''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt; .......&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;''' a karshen bayanin zaka ga reference din ya fito a kasa kamar haka (&lt;ref&gt;misali&lt;/ref&gt;). Inda ka ga nasa dash (....) sai ka sa link din bayanin wato kamar BBC Hausa. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 13:54, 25 Mayu 2018 (UTC)

== Databox ==

Hi Ammar,

Well done on the translation of technical messages, I had started this a long time ago but you are way better than me at this!

By the way, I have started to translate Wikidata properties into Hausa. This can be useful because since recently there is a new tool called Databox: it allows, with very simple code, to have an infobox with a lot of useful information on many articles: I have created [[Napoleon]] to give an example. As you can see all the properties are not translated yet into Hausa. It can enable us to create thousands of stubs here on the Hausa Wikipedia (or just add an infobox to the existing articles).

I have put some on [[User:DonCamillo|my userpage]], you can translate them here if you want, or translate them directly on Wikidata if you are familiar with the &quot;labels&quot; system.

Have a great day! Best regards, --[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 06:11, 9 Yuni 2018 (UTC)
:You're welcome {{@|DonCamillo}}, I will look into them and  do the appropriate thing. By the way, I  am working on new, more intuitive [[Wikipedia:Sabon babban shafi|main page here]], you can have a look and tweak as deem fit. You'll find some templates like [[Template:Articles needed|this]] and [[Template:Invite|this]] are transcluded, so they can be edited independent of main page. Thanks. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 19:12, 9 Yuni 2018 (UTC)

== Reason for deletion of the article Abubakar A Gwanki  ==

I have created many articles here in Hausa language Wikipedia, I didn't see anyone deleted but only one article of &quot;Abubakar A Gwanki&quot;  why is being deleted?  Nasan Dai dukkan makalolin da na kirkira shima kamar sauran ne amma kuma sai shi kadai ne naga ka goge shi. __ [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|AAGWANKI]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 17:14, 11 Yuni 2018 (UTC)
:{{@|Abubakar A Gwanki}} Ina so in tabbatar ma abun da kake yi a Hausa Wikipedia kana kokari, kuma ina fatan ka ida fahimtar ta baki daya. Na dauki number wayarka zan neme ka mu tattauna abubuwa da dama. Amma ka daina kirkirar mukala akanka ko wani abokinka. Mukalar insakulofidiya ana rubuta ta ne kawai akan mutane fitatattu na gaskiya. Shiya sa kaga aka goge [[:en:Abubakar A Gwanki|abunda ka rubuta a Wikipedia ta turanci]]. Na gode. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:38, 11 Yuni 2018 (UTC)

== Translation request ==
Hello! May I ask you for a translation of the phrase '''Automatic refresh''' into {{#language:ha}}? Thanks [[User:-XQV-|-XQV-]] ([[User talk:-XQV-|talk]]) 18:23, 20 ga Yuni, 2018 (UTC)
:Will do that on translatewiki –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 18:05, 26 ga Yuni, 2018 (UTC)
::It is not a MediaWiki message; just my own request. [[User:-XQV-|-XQV-]] ([[User talk:-XQV-|talk]]) 19:43, 27 ga Yuni, 2018 (UTC)

== Neman taimako Daga Abdulmalik mansur sharif ==

Assalamu alaikum Ammarpad, Sunana abdulmalik mansur sharif a garin kano nake ni dalibi ne maison bincike, karance-karance da kuma rubutu musamman sanin tarihi dan Allah inaso a bani dama kuma asakani a hanya nayi wasu rubutun ta yadda zan anfanar da al'ummar hausawa, nadanyi wani Karin bayani akan tarihi Michael Jackson zaku iya dubawa Ku gani Dan Allah. Ina data zaku taimakeni. 
:Sannu da zuwa {{@|Ameer Maleek}} na duba gyaran da kayi kuma nayi farin ciki. A halin yanzu da kwai hausawa yan kadan a shafin, ina fatan zaka ci gaba da ziyartar shi lokaci lokaci. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:56, 7 ga Yuli, 2018 (UTC)

== Godiya  ==

Na gode in Allah ya yarda zanci gaba da bada gudun mowa Dari bisa dari kuma Dan idan kuna da wata kungiya inaso nazama member saboda na kara kwarewa Na kuma samu Karin ilimi da kuma hanyar da zan inganta rubuce rubuce Na. Na gode
:{{@|Ameer Maleek}} OK, ka ban numbarka ta waya, zan neme ka. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:46, 13 ga Yuli, 2018 (UTC)

aslm wai wannan malamin yana ina azaune

Lamba: 08160956607
Gari: kano Nigeria

== [[Kira]] ==

Hi Ammarpad, sorry for writing in English. An IP has blanked the page above, do you think it was correct? If it was we can delete it. Regards [[User:DARIO SEVERI|DARIO SEVERI]] ([[User talk:DARIO SEVERI|talk]]) 05:58, 15 ga Augusta, 2018 (UTC)
:Hi {{@|DARIO SEVERI}} I have restored it and will develop it very soon. It is useful stub about [[:en:Blacsmith|Blacksmithing]]. Thank you. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 06:39, 15 ga Augusta, 2018 (UTC)

== David oyedepo ==

Wanene crista

== WAM 2018 ==

Salam Ammarpad,  Bansan ko zaka shiga cikin wannan gasar ba, amma idan kanada sha'awa zaka iya shiga, ka duba Karin bayani anan [[Wikipedia:Watan Yan'Asiya]]. Nagode.  [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 21:24, 8 Nuwamba, 2018 (UTC)

== Hausa Wikimedians User Group ==

Hello! [[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] I would like to let you know that I have started our Hausa editors community user group [[meta:Hausa Wikimedians User Group|Hausa Wikimedians User Group]] in order to have a connected and collaborative working environment, that would serve as a primary place for co-ordinating of activities that would support us all in our editing and order related endeavors to improve and make quality contents of the Wikimedia projects. [[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 12:39, 13 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC)
:Thanks {{@|The Living love}}, I will take a look. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:26, 13 ga Janairu, 2019 (UTC)

Hello {{@|Ammarpad}}, I'm sorry for contacting you here lately but I've sent you a message through WhatsApp earlier. I've spoken with {{@|DonCamillo}} regarding the application for recognition of our UG Hausa Wikimedians as I earlier told you about, and he's given 100% support for it. I hope to hear from you after seeing my messages. Thanks
[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 14:32, 8 ga Faburairu, 2019 (UTC)
:Hello [[user:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]], as I told you, the [[meta:Hausa Wikimedians User Group|Hausa Wikimedians User Group]] is already on recognition process with the affiliation Committee of the '''WMF''', but the changes you've made just recently has changed everything in the application form we sent, and this has affected the mission which is very crucial. Please let us adhere to the previous name and design of the group. I would also start a discussion on the home page of the project on how we can select boards and audit committee for the group. As founding members I, you and [[user:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]]'s email were all sent to the AffCom committee and I hope they would certainly contact you. If permitted I can undo all the changes or you do it yourself, and if otherwise please let me know. Thanks -[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 02:55, 13 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC)
::Zanyi reply ta WhatsApp. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 18:35, 14 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC)
:Slm [[user:Ammarpad|Ammar]] na maka magana ta whatsapp da email, dangane da message din da AffCom suka dawo dashi. Yanzu bansan me zaka ce ba.[[User:The Living love|The Living love]] ([[User talk:The Living love|talk]]) 14:28, 7 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC)
::Nayi reply. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:49, 8 ga Yuli, 2019 (UTC)

== Moustapha ==

Hakananna sai nayi nazari

== I-mel  ==

Sannu! Na turo maka sakon I-mel. 
Na gode.  [[User:Engr Muhammad Khamis|Engr Muhammad Khamis]] ([[User talk:Engr Muhammad Khamis|talk]]) 09:11, 10 ga Faburairu, 2019 (UTC)

narda

== Gyara ==

Barka da rana!
Ina son Na ankarar da admins wata matsala da na gano ta a wannan shafin. Matsalar kuwa itace mu masu amfani da wayoyi wajen editing wannan shafin baya bude mana a Babban Shafi (desktop version), Idan da mai yiwuwa to a gyara. - [[User:Abubakar A Gwanki|Abubakar A Gwanki]] ([[User talk:Abubakar A Gwanki|talk]]) 11:56, 4 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC)
:{{@|Abubakar A Gwanki}} OK, ina ganin wannan haka site din yake ne. Yanzu kaga nima ina kan wayar hannu ne, in kana son komawa desktop version, saidai ka latsa &quot;Babban shafi&quot; da kanka, zaka ga wurin a can kasan kowane shafi. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 12:08, 4 ga Maris, 2019 (UTC)

== gidanhaki ==

Gidanhaki dai shiya ce mai din bin tarifi ta kafune tun da zuwan shehu uthaman bin fodiyo allah shi yarda dashi izuwa kawo yanzu sai dai karin suna datakeyi a sassa daban daban da fannin muhammad sani gidanhaki

Slm ammarpad dan allah inaso na kirkiri shafuka na hausa

Assalam

== Kwankwaso,s wife ==

Kwankwaso,s wife

== Various requests ==
Hello, Could you please:
*Replace the [[MediaWiki:Common.css|Hausa wiki css]] with the [[:en:MediaWiki:Common.css|english wiki css]]. It fixes, amongst others, the position of the infoboxes.
*Delete these two pages: [[Template:Wikibase]], [[Module:Wikibase]].
*Edit these localization pages (Just modify the values on the right hand side): 
**[[Template:Infobox biography/localize]].
**[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/basketball/localize]].
**[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/football/localize]].
**[[Template:Infobox biography/sport/tennis/localize]].

Thanks. [[User:Sami At Ferḥat|Sami At Ferḥat]] ([[User talk:Sami At Ferḥat|talk]]) 18:23, 15 Mayu 2019 (UTC)

== Alijos A Shehu ==

Sunan DUNiYA

== Ibrahim kabiru gagarawa ==

Ina Neman yadda zan bude account na Wikipedia
:{{@| 197.210.47.39}} Ka shiga [[Special:CreateAccount]]. Ko kuma ka tura man sunanka da email ta email dina &lt;code&gt;ammar@wikimedia.org.ng&lt;/code&gt;. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:04, 13 ga Yuni, 2019 (UTC)

== Muhamadu ==

Salm YA AKEBUDE EMAIL

== yusuf ==

Ibrahim

== sa idu musa ==

riji yan gwamgwam jido  dawakin  kudu  kano

== sa idu  musa rijiya gwamgwam jido dawakin kudu  IP ==

Yayi daidai kobaiyiba  awayar mindakai

== 88465702 ==

Kaka ari

== layisantara ==

lawal ninazauna awurare dabandaba naungowa natashi dagabayan garin daura  sunwajan gari shadam bu

== Aslm barkan'mu da warhaka ina mana patan alkhairi baki daya yan uwana musilmai  ==

Ina godiya ga allah daya bamu damar yadda damu kasance atare da juna

== babani ==

112202

== Translation ==

I want to know if I can translate a Wikipedia article from 'English Wikipedia' to 'Hausa Wikipedia'. If yes, I want to know more about it. Thanks.

== ibraheem Adamu gumel jigawa state ==

barkanku DA 
fatan kuna lafeeya I want be among members of this organization

 wannni yafara shugaban kasa a nejire

== Neman taimako ==

Barkanku da aiki, ni sunana ABDULMALIK MANSUR ina zaune a garin kano nayi rijista da wannan shafi ne domin nima na bada gudunmowa. Dan Allah ina bukatar shawarwarinku da kuma taimakon ku na gode.

Godiya [[User:Maliky|Maliky]] ([[User talk:Maliky|talk]]) 17:25, 13 ga Augusta, 2020 (UTC)
:Yawwa {{@|Maliky}} Barka da zuwa, kamar dame dame kake bukatar ka sani? –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 22:31, 16 ga Augusta, 2020 (UTC)

Kamar yadda ake yin table da kuma saka hoto. [[User:Maliky|Maliky]] ([[User talk:Maliky|talk]]) 11:41, 14 Satumba 2020 (UTC)

== Muhammad Huwaidahu sufi  ==

Facebook 
Wkslm lafiya kalau

== 0852 ==

Aa

== Aliyu iliyasu dangada ==

Nima inaso nabada gudummawa sosai Dan kara bunkasa yaren hausa innasamu damar hakan dukda ba sosai nake fashintar turanciba amma ina ganeshi 
misali wasu kalmomi da zamuso agyagygyara kuma muna munna da akasamar da wannan shafin 
muna jinjina maka matuka very good,
[[Special:Contributions/105.112.25.48|105.112.25.48]] 10:00, 7 Oktoba 2020 (UTC)
:Yawwa yayi kyau, kuma muna maraba daku. Zaka iya shiga group dinmu na WhatsApp domin ci gaba da tattaunawa da kuma sanin shirye shiryen mu. Kuma ya kamata ka [[Special:CreateAccount|kirkiri sabon account]] don ka samu username na dindindin. Kana iya sake tambaya na idan kana neman karin bayani. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:09, 7 Oktoba 2020 (UTC)

== ismail ==

Labaran duniya

== Abdullahi dahiru odo ogun ==

Barkan muda warhaka!
:Yawwa. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 11:58, 31 ga Janairu, 2021 (UTC)

== na kirkira mukala ==

Ya zan sanya reference
::Ka duba shafinka na tattaunawa na anyi maka bayanin hakan. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 14:08, 16 ga Faburairu, 2021 (UTC)

== From ==

Ghy

== J k musa yaro ==

Son annabi shine so har abada shine son da mutum zai rika ya amfanar dashi duniya da lahira

Allah kasa mudace allah kasamu cekinyan tatu bayin ka

Asslm dan Allah ina da tambaya idan kana kusa

== mansir isah ==

unguwar.magaji. kakngi.giwa.area.Kaduna.state

Crawle

== aminuidris0808811 ==

aminuiris

== Auwal dalladi kargi ==

An haifi auwal a ranar 01/06/2000

== Databox ==

Asslm. Ammar ya ake sanya databox. Na yi translation na [[Jami'ar Jos]] amman daga baya naga '''Uncle bash''' ya saka databox. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 08:38, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC)

:@[[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]], Za ka rubuta &lt;nowiki&gt;{{databox}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; ne a farkon article din. Har da brackets (braces) din. Daga nan zaka ga information din ya fito. A wani article din kuma ba zaka gani ba, amma duk daya ne. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 12:04, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC)
::@[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]], na saka ma [[Jami'ar Jihar Kaduna]] yayi. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 16:34, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC)

==Neman shawara==
Masha Allah

Gaskiya naji dadi sosai kasancewar ansamu mai kula da page na Wikipedia da Hausa hakan ba qaramin cigaba ne ba ace Yaren Hausa yasamu irin wannan daukaka ta hanyar Mr.Ammarpad.

Mr. Ammarpad ina jinjina a gareka,Allah yaqara daukaka,yayimaka jagora adukan lamurranka.

A qarshe ina neman shawarar ka akan yadda za,ayi nabudawa garina Salame Wikipedia,Kasancewar Salame tsohon garine mai dinbin tarihi a daular Usmaniyya Wanda shine mahaifar Sheik Abdulqadir bn Mustafa alturud Salame.
Daga Kabiru Aliyu Salame,Gwadabawa local government,Sokoto state,Nigeria. [[User:Kabir salame|Kabir salame]] ([[User talk:Kabir salame|talk]]) 18:54, 11 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC)

:Barka da zuwa Malam Kabir, muna farin ciki da zuwanka.
:Ka duba tutorial din mu: [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]] akwai bayani sosae akan yadda zaka yi gyara da ƙirƙira sabbin muƙaloli a Wikipedia.
:Akwai kuma bayani na musamman a wannan shafin shima: [[Wikipedia:Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:46, 14 Nuwamba, 2022 (UTC)

&lt;u&gt;ja layi&lt;/u&gt; COMMUNIYT SYSTERM ALL THE USE VALU TRY [[Special:Contributions/197.210.70.246|197.210.70.246]] 23:09, 7 Disamba 2022 (UTC)

== Jami u lawal ==

Allah yajikan zulaihatu

== Databox ==

Barka da safe, Ammar,

Ina fata kana lafiya. Congratulations on the work you are doing to add &quot;databox&quot; to articles where it was missing! I have been doing that manually for a long time but you have very clearly found a faster way to do it. :) Could you tell me which tool you are using? Nagode sosai, –[[User:DonCamillo|DonCamillo]] ([[User talk:DonCamillo|talk]]) 07:00, 22 ga Faburairu, 2023 (UTC)
:Barka da yau {{@|DonCamillo|p=}} and sannu da ƙoƙari. Yes yana da wahala manually and can be quite slow. Ina amfani ne da custom PHP code ta hanyar [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=help&amp;modules=edit module na editing], ba tool bane dake a kan wiki ba. Nagode. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 21:00, 22 ga Faburairu, 2023 (UTC)

== Saifillahi Abdullahi mlf ==

Kaura ne katsina

SANI ABAKAR S D P SOKOTO WAMAKKO LG  RUGGAR MONDE AR

== Abia ==

Anyinasarar kama dantaaddaa'ngelzarma'jihar yobe karamunhukumar fune

== ILIYASU UMAR KANYA BABBA JIGAWA ==

ILIYASU UMAR KANYA BABBA JIGAWA

== FUNAKAA ==

FUNAKAA

agaskiya inada tambaya

to kamar ita wannan kasar ta jamhoriyar nijar wane laifine muhammadu bazoum yake dashi har sukan yimasa juyi mulki

== Gaisuwa ==

Na gode kwarai,muna alfahari daku wurin nuna kulawa akan mu, Godiya nake [[User:El-Abdallaah|El-Abdallaah]] ([[User talk:El-Abdallaah|talk]]) 07:59, 31 ga Augusta, 2023 (UTC)

:Nagode, @[[User:El-Abdallaah|El-Abdallaah]]. Barka da ƙoƙari. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 22:53, 1 Satumba 2023 (UTC)

== Usman abubakar  ==

Ita rayuwa wace abace da Allah madau kakin sarki yatsa ramana ita

== ci kekken sunan saiyadina abubakar ==

Ci kekken sunan saiyadina abubakar [[Special:Contributions/105.112.235.123|105.112.235.123]] 15:56, 9 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

== maganin daji ==

maganin daji [[Special:Contributions/2C0F:ECF0:661:3B00:784B:D816:34A7:3ED6|2C0F:ECF0:661:3B00:784B:D816:34A7:3ED6]] 20:01, 19 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

== Ali musa  ==

An haife shi

Chida ga watan Oktoba

1986 cikin@

gari gidan kube @

dake jahar maradi 

[[Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism]] [[Special:Contributions/41.254.48.53|41.254.48.53]] 21:45, 24 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC)

== Rigar kusa ==

&quot;Rigar kusa&quot; kauye ne dake karamar hukumar musawa katsina state.
Rigar kusa kauye ne mai dauke dauke da yawa matasa da kuma dattawa masana sunce rigar kusa tsohon gari ne.
Rigarkusa kauyika da dama yahada da yar kiya,sabongida slow,bambama da sauransu.
Tana wutar nantarki da asibiti da makaranta primary da nasury.

== Ghana Boy 055 ==


Chapiou


@ [[Special:Contributions/154.160.9.24|154.160.9.24]] 12:09, 21 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC)

== ALIYO ==

BORNO

== Namespaces ==

Hi!

You [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3A%C6%98ofan_al%27umma&amp;diff=213527&amp;oldid=181184 emptied] the page &quot;Wikipedia:Ƙofan al'umma&quot; some time ago.

There was a section I added there with a question about namespace names. It can be seen here in an old revision: [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:%C6%98ofan_al%27umma&amp;oldid=181178#Namespaces

You know the Hausa language, and you are also very experienced with MediaWiki. Can you please check the table and tell me whether the proposed names are good?

Thanks! [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 18:30, 11 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC)

:I made a new section about this here: [[Wikipedia:Kofan al'umma#Namespace name translations]]. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 20:01, 12 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC)

== Shehu gibirima  ==

Shehu gibirima [[Musamman:Contributions/102.91.4.40|102.91.4.40]] 19:03, 24 ga Yuni, 2024 (UTC)

== Salisu garba ==

Assalamu alaikum inason tan baya kozan shiwaka tana da sinada rin ciwon tayi pot

== Shin taya gobarar greenhouse katsina ta faru ==

Shin taya gobarar greenhouse katsina ta faru [[Musamman:Contributions/105.112.117.72|105.112.117.72]] 13:47, 28 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC)

== ABDULRAHMAN HARUNA ==

KADUNA

== Bbca ==

A

== HAUSA RIGAR SILKE ==

DUK WANI ABU DA YA SHAFI INGANTA HARSHEN HAUSA DA HAƁAKATA [[User:ƊANDOGO BUNGUƊU|ƊANDOGO BUNGUƊU]] ([[User talk:ƊANDOGO BUNGUƊU|talk]]) 15:05, 2 ga Maris, 2025 (UTC)

== shaaibu ==

JIGAWA

== SHEHU USMANU ==

GADA BUNGUDU ZAMFARA NIGERIA

== AmmarBot for Swahili Wikipedia ==

Hello brother,

I hope you are doing great after the series of sessions at Wikimania. I also hope you've returned safely to your home country.

I was just asking about the bot issue which I shared with you back in Nairobi. Any progress so far? [[User:Muddyb|Muddyb]] ([[User talk:Muddyb|talk]]) 12:36, 15 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

:Hello @[[User:Muddyb|Muddyb]], I am fine. I hope you reached home safely too. 
:I have set up the code now, I just need the translated text. Please share the welcome text. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 17:22, 16 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)
::Hello back @[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]]. I have replied to the email.  [[User:Muddyb|Muddyb]] ([[User talk:Muddyb|talk]]) 17:46, 17 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

== 7 ==

uyt [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2025-29458-90|&amp;#126;2025-29458-90]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2025-29458-90|talk]]) 17:51, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)

Taba nono na mace

== Lawan abdulhamid ==

Lawan abdulhamid kano

MIYzansa

== Nakasa yin rijista  ==

Nakasa yin rajista miyasane

== SLM ==

SLM

== Isma.il.abdul.yar.runfa ==

 08142754552

Aslm da farko sunana Abdul'aziz Anas ni ina yankin malumfashi ne '''mazaunin yakinkin karamar hukumar malumfashi garin YABA  taken wanna rubutu da nakeyi shine ina da burin naga na wallafar da wani littafi Wanda na rubuta na da mashi suna rayuwar mu a yau .Wannan shine taken Wannan rubutu''' [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-11554-74|&amp;#126;2026-11554-74]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-11554-74|talk]]) 13:02, 21 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC)

== Suleman yakubu yargaba alhaji ==


suleman yakubu yargaba alhaji 

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-11940-32|&amp;#126;2026-11940-32]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-11940-32|talk]]) 22:34, 22 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC)

== Dodik ==

imomaliyev [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-12770-62|&amp;#126;2026-12770-62]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-12770-62|talk]]) 13:18, 26 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC)

== Fulani daneji ==

danejawa

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-12974-74|&amp;#126;2026-12974-74]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-12974-74|talk]]) 22:35, 27 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC)

== Tarihin fulani daneji ==

danejawa [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-12974-74|&amp;#126;2026-12974-74]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-12974-74|talk]]) 22:36, 27 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC)

== NURA FADA MUHAMMED ==

assalama alaikum waramatullah ta alawabar katuhum dafar kodai sunana NURA FADA MUHAMMED MUBI kemikagai suwaga shugabannin kasarmu najeriya dakuma sauran gomnonin jahohin dake afadin najeriya tareda rokon allah subahanahu wata alamadaukakin yabawa shugaban kasar nigeria nisan kona da yawan nasarar wajenganin anshimma wannan zaben dayatinkaromu nashekara ta 2027 alfarman annabi tareda rokonku dan allah dan annabin allah idon allah yasa wanan sakon taje indanake keutata zato taje todan allah kuyikokarin nemoni a number tawa don da sauran bayanin ne al,umar najeriya 07025450283, inajiranku

== inason zuwa gambiya  ==

neman aure zasu bani [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-13669-78|&amp;#126;2026-13669-78]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-13669-78|talk]]) 02:28, 3 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Nazifi ==

yes [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-13801-80|&amp;#126;2026-13801-80]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-13801-80|talk]]) 16:48, 3 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Usmanisah01234@gmail.com  ==

Usmanu [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-14055-73|&amp;#126;2026-14055-73]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-14055-73|talk]]) 20:11, 4 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== AISHA ABDULLAHI ==

assalama alaikum mutanen wikipedia hausa

== Abdul Aziz  ==

Ssdf [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-14413-94|&amp;#126;2026-14413-94]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-14413-94|talk]]) 07:21, 6 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== YAHAYA MUSA  ==

6/3/2026

Ni atemakeni bandasanaa

== Isah Abubakar ==

￼kaduna steste nigeria

￼inaneman temaku kudi 


[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-14783-76|&amp;#126;2026-14783-76]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-14783-76|talk]]) 05:47, 8 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Help ==

Please help me improve [[Gaza genocide|this]] article I recently created; my Hausa language skills are poor. Also, please add [[:en:Gaza_genocide|this]] article to the Hausa Wikipedia as it is important. Thank you. [[User:جودت|جودت]] ([[User talk:جودت|talk]]) 15:48, 8 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Tsakanin sani jingir da Bala lau waye shugaban izalah ==

Tsakanin sani jingir da Bala lau waye shugaban izalah [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-14911-34|&amp;#126;2026-14911-34]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-14911-34|talk]]) 18:45, 8 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== INASONASHIGA ==

WALLAHI

== Alkasim  ==

alkasim  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-15496-73|&amp;#126;2026-15496-73]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-15496-73|talk]]) 13:39, 11 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Alkasim  ==

alkasim  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-15496-73|&amp;#126;2026-15496-73]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-15496-73|talk]]) 13:40, 11 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

Jahan dosso partama nawa ne Garett [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-15494-30|&amp;#126;2026-15494-30]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-15494-30|talk]]) 23:24, 11 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Auwalu mansur gaya  ==

A garin gaya na bada tallafin Ramadan a Kofar gidan Sarkin garin Wanda ya hada da shinkafa da wake da ruwan Leda da lemon fata

== Block review ==

Hi! Could I ask for your review of the block on [[Musamman:Contributions/Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] placed by a global sysop roughly a year ago? If you do not think their contributions necessitate it, I'd recommend removing the block.

The short version on my end is that [[Special:CentralAuth/Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] created a new account, [[Special:CentralAuth/Adamu mc|Adamu mc]], after their account was blocked and subsequently locked. I identified this yesterday and globally blocked the new account. However, reviewing their edits, I don't think they're actually connected to AhmedMustafaaaa. If their contributions to this wiki do not warrant a block, removing their previous account's block would be useful. Thanks for your time, and let me know if I should send this request elsewhere. Best, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 18:40, 16 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

:Hi @[[User:Vermont|Vermont]], I am not very familiar with this user, but from looking at the accounts involved, I agree they are the least likely to be AhmedMustafaaaa. Although [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] appears to be independently blocked on Wikidata and MediaWiki.org for unrelated reasons, their actions here on this wiki are quite acceptable and do not warrant a block.
:I am fine with removing the block from the older account. However, it is worth noting that they created Adamu_ab about a month before the first account was blocked. They then immediately switched to the second account on the day the first was blocked. They need to stick to a single account and appeal blocks from there. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 10:33, 18 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]]: Indeed - part of a global unblock for them would be a commitment to using a single account, and the old account will likely remain locked. Thanks for looking into this. [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 14:49, 18 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Jimi boi gk ==

Washer boi

== (Ibrahim bako) ==

Bissimillahi rahamani rahim

== Zanshuga ==

masha Allah  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-17709-67|&amp;#126;2026-17709-67]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-17709-67|talk]]) 20:02, 21 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

@[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-17806-26|&amp;#126;2026-17806-26]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-17806-26|talk]]) 22:04, 21 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== I need to edit  ==

yusuf bin shaik  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-18422-17|&amp;#126;2026-18422-17]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-18422-17|talk]]) 01:37, 25 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Dari daya ==

Litafi dari daya

== Gali ==

Gufanar da mal. Nasir el rufa'i a gabar kotu

== ALI ISA JC NAWA ==

CHAM

== Sai anjima ==


sai anjima 

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-19045-00|&amp;#126;2026-19045-00]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-19045-00|talk]]) 11:00, 27 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== xxwxx ==

pap pu wwxx [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-19636-09|&amp;#126;2026-19636-09]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-19636-09|talk]]) 18:16, 29 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC)

== Masaudu  ==

Ina son koyon NAHAWU 


[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20180-81|&amp;#126;2026-20180-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20180-81|talk]]) 10:05, 1 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Ina bukatar taimakonku ==

Ina bukatar taimakonku [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20156-98|&amp;#126;2026-20156-98]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20156-98|talk]]) 12:50, 1 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Menene amfanin na'a na'a. ==

Menene amfanin na'a na'a. [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20503-90|&amp;#126;2026-20503-90]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20503-90|talk]]) 01:46, 3 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Learning physics topics  ==

Explain why ph [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20678-19|&amp;#126;2026-20678-19]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20678-19|talk]]) 08:30, 4 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== ١٢٣٤٥ ==

روحاني [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20875-04|&amp;#126;2026-20875-04]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20875-04|talk]]) 15:56, 4 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Chrome ==

روحاني [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20860-61|&amp;#126;2026-20860-61]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-20860-61|talk]]) 16:09, 4 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Inason shiga kasara ==

yanada sauki kokuma yabinyake Kuma yakudian kasar suke


[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-21619-45|&amp;#126;2026-21619-45]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-21619-45|talk]]) 15:43, 7 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Fty ==

Fg [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-21613-47|&amp;#126;2026-21613-47]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-21613-47|talk]]) 04:11, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Alikirashi45  ==

alikirashi

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-21759-98|&amp;#126;2026-21759-98]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-21759-98|talk]]) 11:05, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Alikirashi45  ==

alikirashi

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-21759-98|&amp;#126;2026-21759-98]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-21759-98|talk]]) 11:06, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Jibril auwal hamza ==

Inaso Na goge asusuna Na access bank Nada Wani asusuna Yaya zanyi domin Yin hakan

== Usseni.  Ibbirashim ==

08133144879 [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23155-49|&amp;#126;2026-23155-49]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-23155-49|talk]]) 14:59, 14 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Correction  ==

The image of the statue, is not of Tullio Moneta but that of his Uncle/Great uncle, Ernesto Theodore Moneta. 


Tullio lived in Johannesburg, South Africa, not Durban. Mike Hoare lived in the Durban area.


Wikipedia is a popular site as a source of credible information. Please be certain of facts before posting information on people. Thank you.  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23654-39|&amp;#126;2026-23654-39]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-23654-39|talk]]) 17:00, 16 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Ahmad Rufai  ==

Ahmad Rufai [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23571-21|&amp;#126;2026-23571-21]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-23571-21|talk]]) 23:36, 16 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Sutura ==

Sutura [[User:Ahamad roufaï|Ahamad roufaï]] ([[User talk:Ahamad roufaï|talk]]) 23:44, 16 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Wai dan Allah Da gaskene Akwai duniya Asama kamar wannan duniyar tamu  ==

Wai dan Allah Da gaskene Akwai duniya Asama kamar wannan duniyar tamu  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-24499-81|&amp;#126;2026-24499-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-24499-81|talk]]) 09:23, 22 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Misali kasa ko bishyu haka ==

Wai dan Allah Da gaskene Akwai duniya Asama kamar wannan duniyar tamu  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-24499-81|&amp;#126;2026-24499-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-24499-81|talk]]) 09:24, 22 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Alhamdu lillah  ==

masha Allah  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-24815-45|&amp;#126;2026-24815-45]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-24815-45|talk]]) 16:13, 22 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== Itaciyyar zamani  ==

shin tayaya Zan Iya gabatar Da darasi Mai Anfani a wannan gida Dan cigaban Al,umma GABA daya . Zan so in Samu damar Hakan in sha Allah. [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-25442-87|&amp;#126;2026-25442-87]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-25442-87|talk]]) 13:35, 26 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC)

== You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Greetings,

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years.

This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required.

The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will week between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run.

In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 18:33, 28 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&amp;oldid=30471754 --&gt;

== Ahamad Abba ==

Ahamad Abba [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-29423-27|&amp;#126;2026-29423-27]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-29423-27|talk]]) 10:10, 16 Mayu 2026 (UTC)

== Nazifi  ==

abdullashi [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-29619-62|&amp;#126;2026-29619-62]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-29619-62|talk]]) 23:58, 16 Mayu 2026 (UTC)

== Dan Allah Ina so na koya likitsnci ==

Abdulrrhaman  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-29631-59|&amp;#126;2026-29631-59]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-29631-59|talk]]) 06:30, 17 Mayu 2026 (UTC)

== Brk ==

a [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-30415-61|&amp;#126;2026-30415-61]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-30415-61|talk]]) 23:44, 20 Mayu 2026 (UTC)

== 9044000454 ==

abdusammd Ali OPAY [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-32331-29|&amp;#126;2026-32331-29]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-32331-29|talk]]) 02:02, 31 Mayu 2026 (UTC)

== Taya zanbude account dazan temaka ==

ina neman Karin bayani [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-32735-01|&amp;#126;2026-32735-01]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-32735-01|talk]]) 07:13, 2 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC)

== Assalamu alaikum Ni ina neman taimako ne wanda ga waɗanda Allah ya horewa su taimaka min Ni ɗaliba ce jami'ar northwest Ina a level 3 yanxu ina neman taimako ne gameda transport fee yanxu haka kusan watanmu biyu da komawa amma ban taba zuwa ba sakamakon yanayi mahaifi bayada ƙarfi ina danyin sanaa to bawani ƙarfi tayi ba koda an saka jarin makaranta ke cinyewa nice babba awajan iyayena inada qanne da dan dama abinda za'aci arana dakyar ake samun ci biyu wanda yake ɗan taimaka min kuma shima yanxu nauyi yamasa yawa gashi ina gab da kammalawa ina matakin aji uku yanxu bana yin social media sosae Whatsapp kadai nake bansan inda xansameku bane sai nan ==

Assalamu alaikum Ni ina neman taimako ne ga waɗanda Allah ya horewa su taimaka min Ni ɗaliba ce jami'ar northwest Ina a level 3 yanxu ina neman taimako ne gameda transport fee yanxu haka kusan watanmu biyu da komawa amma ban taba zuwa ba sakamakon yanayi mahaifina bayada ƙarfi ina danyin sanaa to bawani ƙarfi tayi ba koda an saka jarin makaranta ke cinyewa nice babba awajan iyayena inada qanne da dan dama abinda za'aci arana dakyar ake samun ci biyu wanda yake ɗan taimaka min kuma shima yanxu nauyi yamasa yawa gashi ina gab da kammalawa ina matakin aji uku yanxu bana yin social media sosae Whatsapp kadai nake bansan inda xansameku bane sai nan [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-32562-31|&amp;#126;2026-32562-31]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-32562-31|talk]]) 12:49, 2 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC)

== Reuben lover gwamma  ==


[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-32944-08|&amp;#126;2026-32944-08]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-32944-08|talk]]) 05:26, 4 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC)

== Bala sani ==

sani [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-33592-03|&amp;#126;2026-33592-03]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-33592-03|talk]]) 20:44, 6 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC)

== Umar m sharif ==

yane [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-33592-03|&amp;#126;2026-33592-03]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-33592-03|talk]]) 20:48, 6 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC)

== oumr sama ==

Gazaou  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-34357-62|&amp;#126;2026-34357-62]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-34357-62|talk]]) 20:05, 10 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC)

== Ibrahim Abdullah dangamau ==

kusada lg katsina state [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-36380-21|&amp;#126;2026-36380-21]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-36380-21|talk]]) 21:55, 22 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC)

== 8126141543 opay bank Ibrahim Abdullahi ==

8126141543 opay Ibrahim Abdullahi  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-36380-21|&amp;#126;2026-36380-21]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-36380-21|talk]]) 21:58, 22 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC)

== Ina tambaya ne game da cikakken tarihin masarautar Jama'are ==

tarihin masarautar Jama'are [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-36511-04|&amp;#126;2026-36511-04]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-36511-04|talk]]) 21:29, 23 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC)

== Ibrahim sani  ==

nace ina da tambaya ne game da littafin tarin hausa barbie in same shi ne akwai yadda zan yi in samu littafan tarin hausa kamar taya na gizo zaku iya gano ta yadda zan samu shi [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-37548-11|&amp;#126;2026-37548-11]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-37548-11|talk]]) 11:58, 30 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC)

== Mai bincike ==

idan nasadu damai hiv da condom bayan hiv wani gwaji yadace nayi idan inajin badaidaiba Ajikina [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-37555-93|&amp;#126;2026-37555-93]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-37555-93|talk]]) 12:20, 30 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC)

== Ibrahim haruna  ==

azare [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-37948-19|&amp;#126;2026-37948-19]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-37948-19|talk]]) 17:18, 2 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

== Maradi  ==

bonne nuit  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-38771-90|&amp;#126;2026-38771-90]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-38771-90|talk]]) 22:33, 8 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

== Assalam alaikoum barkamu da warhaka  ==

helle

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-38771-90|&amp;#126;2026-38771-90]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-38771-90|talk]]) 22:39, 8 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

== 49565314543 ==

Saifuallhi usaini

[[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-38738-33|&amp;#126;2026-38738-33]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-38738-33|talk]]) 00:51, 9 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

== Nin nombadinayasamumsala ==

Nin nombadinayasamumsala [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-38738-33|&amp;#126;2026-38738-33]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-38738-33|talk]]) 01:01, 9 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

== Inaso ajaramin49565314543 ==

Inaso ajaramin49565314543 [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-38738-33|&amp;#126;2026-38738-33]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-38738-33|talk]]) 01:03, 9 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

== 3233746701,banana, Ahmadu Fesbak,1,000 ==

bak,1,000 [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-39619-81|&amp;#126;2026-39619-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-39619-81|talk]]) 23:17, 14 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

:3233746701,banana, Ahmadu Fesbak,1,000 [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-39619-81|&amp;#126;2026-39619-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-39619-81|talk]]) 23:49, 14 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

== 3233746701,banana, Ahmadu Fesbak,1,000 ==

@ [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-39619-81|&amp;#126;2026-39619-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-39619-81|talk]]) 23:24, 14 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

3233746701,banana, Ahmadu fesbak,1,000 [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-39619-81|&amp;#126;2026-39619-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-39619-81|talk]]) 23:58, 14 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

:@ [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-39619-81|&amp;#126;2026-39619-81]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-39619-81|talk]]) 00:02, 15 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

== Menene Dalilin Sallar cika ciki ==

Menene Dalilin Sallar cika ciki [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-40126-77|&amp;#126;2026-40126-77]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-40126-77|talk]]) 21:27, 15 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

california se hamare saath ho raha hai hum kaise pata karengovernmenttaxforcecalifornia@gmail.com [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-40691-12|&amp;#126;2026-40691-12]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-40691-12|talk]]) 17:32, 20 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

== Batu ==


safiya [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-42392-57|&amp;#126;2026-42392-57]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-42392-57|talk]]) 18:07, 31 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)

== Auwal Abubakar  ==

Auwal Abubakar Abdullahi  [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-42968-66|&amp;#126;2026-42968-66]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-42968-66|talk]]) 12:02, 4 ga Augusta, 2026 (UTC)

== mouhammadousirajo4@gmail.com ==

mouhammadou [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-46209-95|&amp;#126;2026-46209-95]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-46209-95|talk]]) 09:05, 24 ga Augusta, 2026 (UTC)

== Husaini Hassana Husaini  ==

@ [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-47716-12|&amp;#126;2026-47716-12]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-47716-12|talk]]) 08:57, 1 Satumba 2026 (UTC)

== Yar abbanta ==

al ummata [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-47594-41|&amp;#126;2026-47594-41]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-47594-41|talk]]) 16:25, 2 Satumba 2026 (UTC)

== مريم بنت سراج ==

Allah y karawa annabi daraja [[Musamman:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-47594-41|&amp;#126;2026-47594-41]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&amp;#126;2026-47594-41|talk]]) 16:30, 2 Satumba 2026 (UTC)

allah gafarta malam Ina tambayane akan israi da mi iraji shin annabi yaga Allah wani malamin yace duk Wanda yace annabi yaga Allah hadisin shi nada rauni dan Allah muna son karin bayani  [[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-48750-15|~2026-48750-15]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-48750-15|talk]]) 20:02, 9 Satumba 2026 (UTC)

== Sheikh  ==
ibn 

[[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-51225-37|~2026-51225-37]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-51225-37|talk]]) 22:54, 22 Satumba 2026 (UTC)

Assalamualaikum warhamdullahi''akarmukalla ina dambaya wanne sahabine yace shine zakin Allah Kuma zakin Manzon Allah s a w&lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' [[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-51091-35|~2026-51091-35]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-51091-35|talk]]) 05:26, 23 Satumba 2026 (UTC)

== Allah kasadamu Manzon Allah  ==
Allah karama annabi daraja  [[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-51091-35|~2026-51091-35]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-51091-35|talk]]) 23:34, 23 Satumba 2026 (UTC)

== Aljanna makoma  ==
Aljanna makoma

[[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-51600-55|~2026-51600-55]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-51600-55|talk]]) 05:55, 24 Satumba 2026 (UTC)

== Parsamet  ==


parsamet [[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-51966-06|~2026-51966-06]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-51966-06|talk]]) 15:39, 27 Satumba 2026 (UTC)

== Tambaya ==
wace shiya ce ake kira gidan dikko a cikin sokoto  [[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-53210-05|~2026-53210-05]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-53210-05|talk]]) 13:21, 2 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)

== Kamilu tasiu  ==
9031238946

[[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-53877-71|~2026-53877-71]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-53877-71|talk]]) 22:38, 6 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)

== Comptebdkdbd@gmail.com ==
a [[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-54115-16|~2026-54115-16]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-54115-16|talk]]) 23:21, 7 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)

== NEMAN TAIMAKON YAN UWA MUSULMAI ==
MUNA DA WATA YAR UWA MARAINIYA MAI MATSALAR KODA DUK SATI ANA YI MATA WANKIN KODA DAN ALLAH KU TAIMAKA ACHE CI WAN NAR BAIWAR ALLAH GA ACCOUNT NUMBERTA 4913077697 SHAHIDA YUSUF ECO BANK [[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-55236-22|~2026-55236-22]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-55236-22|talk]]) 10:06, 13 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)

== Massi ==
badamassi Abdou  [[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-55218-62|~2026-55218-62]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-55218-62|talk]]) 19:56, 14 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)

== Allah kasadamu Manzon Allah  ==
Allah kasadamu Manzon Allah  [[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-55872-13|~2026-55872-13]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-55872-13|talk]]) 21:38, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)

== Hassan yahaya  ==
DAWANAu bxbxbxncjfjjvjx. Bdhxbxbndbxn v bbdhdhdjhdjjffjjf. Bbdjdkkdjgjdkfhfj.  Jrjdjdjdjhdjbgdujejruribbhrbb bhrjdjrjdjjfj jdjdhdbdjhhdjrjd jdjdhdbdjhhdjrjd gdnxbxgd Brandon bcnfjcjfjbjdjfjj

[[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-56009-98|~2026-56009-98]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-56009-98|talk]]) 12:36, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>dq94nnkj3ycu4qd8y4ply14zpesjnys</sha1>
    </revision>
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'''Ikara'''  [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|ƙaramar hukuma]] ce (LGA) cikin [[Kaduna (jiha)|kananan hukumomi dake Jihar Kaduna]], a arewacin [[Najeriya]], tana da kimanin kilomita(85&amp;nbsp;km) arewa maso gabas daga birnin [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]] . Ikara ta ƙunshi kauyuka da ke tsakanin 10°2¹ zuwa 11°5¹ arewa .wadanda suka hada da : Ikara, Malikachi, Furana, Danlawan, Kurmin Kogi, Janfalan, Auchan, Paki, da Pala. 

Majalisar ƙaramar hukumar na ƙarƙashin jagorancin Hon Bashir Mammman Dogon koli. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-09-07 |title=Kaduna LG Polls: APC humbles PDP, wins 15 chairmanship seats |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/483524-kaduna-lg-polls-apc-humbles-pdp-wins-15-chairmanship-seats.html |access-date=2022-03-14 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ƙabilu ==
[[Hausawa]] da [[Fulani]] sune kabilu mafi rinjaye a garin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History – Ikara Local Government Council |url=http://ikaralgc.kd.gov.ng/history/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922125107/http://ikaralgc.kd.gov.ng/history/ |archive-date=2022-09-22 |access-date=2022-03-08 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Musulunci da Kiristanci sune addinai mafi rinjaye a garin. Al'ummar wannan yanki sun kasance manoma. Suna noma amfañin gona da suka  hada da masara, gero, wake, waken soya, shinkafa, rogo, tumatir, rake, da sauran kayayyakin amfanin gona da dama.&lt;ref&gt;Koslow, Phillip (1995). Hausaland: the Fortress Kingdom, Kingdom of Africa. New york: Chelsea House publisher.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin kafa karamar hukumar Ikara daga tsohuwar hukumar Zariya bayan gyaran kananan hukumomin da aka yi a shekarar 1976 a lokacin halitta. Ya ƙunshi gundumomin Ikara, Kubau da Makarfi. ==
Yanayin muhallin ɗan adam a Ikara yana samun tasiri ne sosai ta yanayin muhalli, tattalin arziki da zamantakewa. An samo asali ne tun a shekara ta 1808 lokacin da [[Jukunawa|mutanen Jukun]] suka zauna a garin Ikara. Bakin haure ne da suka gudo daga Kano sakamakon ƙauracewa harin malaman Musulmi saboda kin karbar Musulunci. Sun sauka a karkashin tsaunin Ikara (Dutse Lungu) ki wani dan lokaci kadan daga baya suka sauka a wani fili kusa da dutsen.  An yi imani da cewa al'ummar Jukun su ne suka kafa garin Ikara kuma suka sanya masa suna &quot;Ikara&quot; wanda ke nufin &quot;bari a boye a nan&quot; ko kuma &quot;wuri&quot; a [[Yarukan Jukun|yaren Jukun]]&lt;ref&gt;Daboh, Yusuf (1996). the pre -colonial Era of IkaraLand. kaduna.&lt;/ref&gt; . 

Maguzawa mutane ne waɗanda asalin arna ne ko kuma waɗanda za su iya komawa Kiristanci daga baya a ƙarni na 20. Asalinsu maguzawa mutanen Hausa ne da aka fi samun su a yankunan Katsina, Kano da arewacin Zariya.&lt;ref&gt;Shehu, Umar (2011). Assessment of the UBA programme: A case study of Ikara Local Government.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Smith, Mary (1981). The Baba of Karo: A woman of the Muslim Hause. Conn: Yale university Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

Hausawa da fulani suna kiransu da sunan “maguzawa” bayan jihadi saboda basu yarda da addinin musulunci ba amma sun ci gaba da bautar arna. Sai dai galibin wadannan mutanen da ake kira maguzawa sun koma Kirista, kuma irin wadannan ba za a iya kiransu da maguzawa a ma'anar kalmar Musulunci ta hakika ba; duk da haka sunan ya dawwama

An ce fulani sun zo sun zauna a yankin ne saboda dalilai na muhalli. Bafullatani wadanda akasarinsu Bororuji(masu yawo) sun zo ikara ne saboda garin ya dace da kiwo, watakila sun nemi tserewa daga biyan harajin jangali ga sarakunan yankinsu, tare da dimbin iyali. Sai dai bisa ga al’adar baka, duk da wadannan matsugunai, ba za a iya daukar ikara a matsayin gari ba, domin babu wani takamaimai mai mulki a garin, sai a shekarar 1879, lokacin da magaji Abubakar, wanda ya fito daga garin kura, a jihar Kano. Ya tsara matsugunai zuwa gari, ya zama Hakimin kauye na farko a shekarar 1897. Shehu kwasau, sarkin zazzau (sarkin zazzau) ya nada sa  a matsayin hakimin kauye mai taken “Dagachin ikara”

== Tsarin Gudanarwa ==
Wannan Karamar Hukuma ta kunshi gundumomi guda biyu wato:

* gundumar Ikara
* gundumar Paki

Yana da sassa shida (6), wadanda su ne kamar haka.

* Sashen Ma'aikata
* Ma'aikatar Kudi &amp; Supply
* Sashen Ayyuka
* Sashen Noma
* Sashen Lafiya
* Sashen Ilimi

== Noma ==
Wannan Karamar Hukuma ta dogara ne akan noma da kiwon shanu. Ikara yana da karfi rabo na aiki bisa ga shekaru da jima'i. Mazauna wannan yanki sun kasance manoma da 'yan kasuwa. Matan Ikara suna samun kudi ta hanyar sarrafa abinci da sayar da kayan abinci a gida ko kasuwanni.  

== Yanayi ==
Lokacin damina yana da zalunci kuma yana da yawa, tare da yanayin zafi daga 53&amp;nbsp;°F zuwa 97&amp;nbsp;°F. Yanayin zafi yana bambanta a cikin shekara, kodayake galibi a lokacin rani. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ikara Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/58577/Average-Weather-in-Ikara-Nigeria-Year-Round |access-date=2023-09-10 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ikara, Kaduna, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data |url=https://tcktcktck.org/nigeria/kaduna/ikara |access-date=2023-09-10 |website=tcktcktck.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Atlas |first=Weather |title=Yearly &amp; Monthly weather - Ikara, Nigeria |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/nigeria/ikara-climate |access-date=2023-09-10 |website=Weather Atlas |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Matsakaicin Zazzabi ===
Matsakaicin matsakaicin zafin rana a lokacin zafi na watanni (1.9), wanda ke gudana daga Maris 7 zuwa Mayu 4, ya haura 94&amp;nbsp;°F. Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Ikara, tare da yanayin zafi na 96&amp;nbsp;°F da ƙananan zafin jiki na 71&amp;nbsp;°F. Matsakaicin yawan zafin rana a lokacin sanyi na watanni 2.8, wanda ke gudana daga Yuli 6 zuwa Satumba 29, yana ƙasa da 85&amp;nbsp;°F. Disamba shi ne watan mafi sanyi a shekara a Ikara, tare da matsakaicin matsayi na 84&amp;nbsp;°F da ƙasan 55&amp;nbsp;°F. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;

1/3 na matasan unguwar Ikara suna shanya tumatur, da kowane irin barkono

== Ilimi ==
Akwai Makarantun Sakandire goma sha uku a wannan Karamar Hukuma:&lt;ref&gt;Shehu, Umar (2011). Assessment of the UBE programme: A case study of Ikara Local Government.&lt;/ref&gt;  -

* Government Science Secondary School, Ikara
* Government Girls Secondary School Ikara
* Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati, Ikara
* Makarantar Koyar da Sana'a ta Gwamnati, Ikara
* Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati, Pala
* Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati, Auchan
* Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati, Pakistan
* Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati Jamfalan
* Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati, Malikanchi
* Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati, Danlawal
* Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati, Rumi
* Ikara Comprehensive Academy (Private)
* Raising Star Academy Ikara

(Masu zaman kansu)

* Emmanuel Nursery, Primary and Secondary School, Gidan Tanko Jamfalan (Private).

Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati Ikara shahararriyar makarantar sakandire ce da ke aiki a cikin garin Ikara, makarantar tana da matsayi mai girma a fannin samar da ilimi mai inganci.

== Cibiyoyin Kuɗi ==
Akwai banki a Ikara kuma Lead way Assurance ita ce sauran cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi a Ikara LGA Financial Resources

* Unity Bank Reshen Ikara
* Bank of Agriculture (BOA)
* Babban Bankin Najeriya
* Rabon Dokokin Tarayya wanda ake karɓa kowane wata.
* Ana samun kudaden shiga na ciki daga kasuwanni, manya masu haraji da wuraren shakatawa na motoci.

== Hukumomin Gwamnati ==

* Hukumar Lantarki na Karkara (REB)
* [[Ofishin Gidan Waya na Najeriya|NIPOST]]
* NPC
* NITEL
* Hukumar Ruwa

== Siffofin Geographical ==
Babu wani yanayi na musamman a Karamar Hukumar tana da iyaka da Karamar Hukumar Makarfi a Yamma, Soba a Kudu, Tudun Wada a Jihar Kano a Arewa. Kubau ta Kudu

== Babban ofishin ==
Ikara, Wanda babban gari ne hedkwatar

== Kayayyakin Lafiya ==
Akwai cikakkun cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya guda biyar da kuma asibitoci arba'in da bakwai dake cikin wannan yanki.

* General Hospital, Ikara
* Babban Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya, Paki
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Auchan

Akwai Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya a ƙarƙashin Ikara LGs masu Cibiyoyin Lafiya huɗu da ke Ikara kanta.

== Masana'antu ==
Kamfanin sarrafa abinci na Ikara (Tumato)

== Ma'aikatar shari'a ==
Karamar hukumar tana da kotuna guda uku a hedkwatar Ikara, wato:

* Kotun Majistare
* Babbar Kotun Shari'a 
* Kotun Shari'a
* Kotun Al'ada

== Albarkatun Ma'adinai ==

* Dutse mai daraja
* Adadin farar ƙasa.

== Mutane ==
Hausawa/Fulani

== Yawan jama'a ==
mutane 194,723 (ƙidayar 2006)

== Adireshin gidan waya ==
PMB 1101, Ikara

== Addini ==
Musulunci shi ne addini mafi rinjaye.

== Abubuwan Shaƙatawa ==
Makarantu da manyan makarantu suna ba da filin wasa don wasanni da abubuwan nishaɗi a cikin LGA

== Hanyar Sadarwa ==
Aikin gina titi ya samu kulawa a lokacin Gwamna Ahmed Mohammed Makarfi.

Ana lissafta hanyoyi a kasa:

* Ikara – Tashan Yari Road
* Ikara – Panbeguwa Road
* Anchau-Kudaru Road
* Paki Kwanan Dangora Road
* Hanyar Anchau- Banki- Wagaho
* Ikara –Tudun Wada of Kano State Road
* Kurmin Kogi-Yan Marmara Road
* Ikara – Zaria Road
* Ikara –Furana-Dan Lawal

== Makarantar Sakandare ==
Akwai biyu daga cikinsu wato

* Makarantar Fasaha ta Lafiya, Pambeguwa (an koma Kubau)
* Cibiyar hadin gwiwa Ikara

== Sarakunan Gargajiya ==
Hakimai na gundumomi ne ke gudanar da waɗannan yankuna. Su ne:

* Gundumar Ikara
* Kurmin Kogi
* Gundumar Paki
* JanFalan
* Gundumar Pala

== Hankalin yawon bude ido ==
Karamar hukumar ta cika da wasu duwatsu da magudanan ruwa na Kogi.

== Garuruwa da Kauyuka ==
Ikara, Malikachi, Furana, Danlawan, Kurmin Kogi, Janfalan, Auchan, Paki, Pala, Saulawa, Rumi, Saya-saya, Kuya

== Ruwa ==
Dam ruwan Ikara

== Yan siyasa ==

* [[Hon. Sani Ahmed Ikara]]
* Hon. Abdullahi Adamu
* Hon. Tsoho Abubakar
* Hon. Halliru Sambo
* Hon. Tijjani Sani Paki
* Hon. Gambo Lawal Auchan
* Hon. Yusuf Bature Aliyu Auchan
* Hon. Magaji Mudi Ikara
* Hon. Alhassan Muhammad Datti
* Hon. Yusuf Bala Ikara
* Hon. Muhammad Dayyabu Paki
* Hon. Sadiq Ibrahim Salihu
* Hon. Bashir Mamman Dogon Koli

Hon. Bashir Mamman Dogon Koli shi ne Shugaban Karamar Hukumar Ikara da ke Jihar Kaduna a yanzu.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Galdiz</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>969553</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-19T14:38:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>3927</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Tech News: 2026-43 */ sabon sashe</comment>
      <origin>969553</origin>
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[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Galdiz ! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Umar a usman|gudummuwarka]]. Kuma ina fatan zaka tsaya ka ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimake ka ka fahimci Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]], ko kuma ka tambayeni a {{Gyara|User talk:Anasskoko|section=new|shafina na tattaunawa}}. Na gode. [[User:Anasskoko|Anasskoko]] ([[User talk:Anasskoko|talk]]) 16:47, 24 Nuwamba, 2019 (UTC)
&lt;/noinclude&gt;

==Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos na Hausa Community==
&lt;div style=&quot;padding:3em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif; font-size:110%; line-height:1.75;&quot;&gt;
Muna gayyatan kudan shiga gasar '''WPWP Contest na Hausa Community'''! 
 
'''Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos na Hausa Community''' gasa ce ta duk shekara wanda editoci a Wikipedia daga [[m:Hausa Wikimedians User Group|Hausa Community User Group]] ke sanya hotuna a mukalolin da basu da ko keda karancin hoto articles. Wannan dan a inganta da karfafa amfani ne da dubannin hotunan da ake samu ne daga gasa daban-daban na hotuna da ake gudanarwa duk shekara, wanda Wikimedia community ke shiryawa a Wikipedia. hoto na inganta fahimtar mai karatu, da bayyana bayani, da sanya mukaloli suyi kyau. Gasar Kuma zata ba sabbin editoci da tsoffi damar inganta kwarewa, dan shiga samun kwarewa tuntube mu anan [[Special:Emailuser/M-Mustapha|Emel]].
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background:#ffbd4a;color:yellow;padding:5px;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--T:24--&gt;[[m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos for Hausa Community|Danna nan dan shiga gasa da Karin bayani.]]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #804; color: #fa0;&quot;&gt;&lt;samp&gt;Em&lt;/samp&gt;[[User:M-Mustapha|-]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal; background-color: #804; color: #5b2;&quot;&gt;&lt;samp&gt;mustapha&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;samp&gt;[[user talk:M-Mustapha|t@lk]]&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  16:48, 26 ga Yuni, 2020 (UTC)

Allah ya kaimu [[User:Umar a usman|Umar a usman]] ([[User talk:Umar a usman#top|talk]]) 12:02, 23 ga Yuni, 2021 (UTC)

==Barka da ƙoƙari==
Naga idan kayi gyara sai ka goge wasu masu amfani, a wani wurin ma share sashen dukka kake yi! Misali, zaka ga na mayar da yawancin gyararrakin. Ka kula sosai. [[User:M-Mustapha|&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #804; color: #fa0;&quot;&gt;&lt;samp&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;''Em-em''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]] &lt;sup&gt;&lt;samp&gt;&lt;u&gt;[[User talk:M-Mustapha|'''talk''']]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/samp&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 16:25, 26 ga Afirilu, 2021 (UTC)

== Gasar Hausa Wikipeda ==

'''Assalamu alaikum''' @[[User:Umar a usman|Umar a usman]]''','''

Ina mai sanar da kai cewa za'a sanar da sakamakon gasa gobe idan Allah ya kaimu, ka duba wannan shafin domin ganin sakamakon gasa, sannan kyaututtuka za'a bayar dasu ne lokaci kadan bayan sanarwan. [[WP:Gasar Hausa Wikipedia ta Shekara-shekara]], Nagode.--  [[User:Anasskoko|&lt;b style=&quot;color:#00BFFF&quot;&gt;An@ss_koko&lt;/b&gt;]][[User talk:Anasskoko|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:#7F007F&quot;&gt;(Yi Magana)&lt;/sup&gt;]] 11:22, 23 ga Yuni, 2021 (UTC)

== Gyara akan saka manazarta ==

@[[User:Galdiz|Galdiz]] barka da kokari, naga kaine ka kirkiri mukalar [[Saladin Governorate]], amma baka saka manazarta ko daya ba, yakamata mu fahimci mahimmancin manazarta. [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) 09:41, 11 ga Yuni, 2023 (UTC)

== Invitation to Rejoin the [https://mdwiki.org/wiki/WikiProjectMed:Translation_task_force Healthcare Translation Task Force] ==

[[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|right|frameless|125px]]
You have been a [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/prior/index.php medical translators within Wikipedia]. We have recently relaunched our efforts and invite you to [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php join the new process]. Let me know if you have questions. Best [[User:Doc James|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000f1&quot;&gt;'''Doc James'''&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 12:34, 13 August 2023 (UTC)
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== Canza taken mukala ==

@[[User:Galdiz|Galdiz]] Barka da Kokari, Inason inyi amfani da wannan damar domin jawo hankalinka, akan taken da mukeba mukala. Naga ka fassara mukalar mai taken '''Rabies''' da taken '''Ciwon hauka'''. Amma yanzu na mayar dashi a [[Ciwon Rabies]]...Dalili kuwa shine wannan ciwo ba ciwon hauka bane kamar yadda ka fassara...inaga idan bamusan sunan abuba da hausa kamata yayi mu rika barinsa da turancinsa a kan mubashi fassarar da ba ita bace.[[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) 12:29, 11 Oktoba 2023 (UTC)

== Thank you for being a medical contributors! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{| style=&quot;background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;&quot;
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|style=&quot;font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;&quot; |'''The 2023 Cure Award''' 
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;&quot; |In 2023 you [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php?camp=all&amp;project=all&amp;year=2023&amp;start=Filter joined us as a medical translator]. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We really appreciate you and the vital work you do! Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. Consider joining '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|here]]''', there are no associated costs and we look forwards to working together in 2024.
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Thanks again :-)  -- [https://mdwiki.org/wiki/User:Doc_James &lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000f1&quot;&gt;'''Doc James'''&lt;/span&gt;] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]'''
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== Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia,

Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC.

Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a.

Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]].

Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki.

A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC)
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== Kula ==

Barka @[[User:Galdiz|Galdiz]] wannan muƙalar mai [[Wesley Koolhof]] akwai gyararraki acikinta, amma bakayi ba. Yanzu na gyara ta amma mu kula saboda gaba. Nagode  [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 05:56, 30 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)

:Ok toh nogode [[User:Galdiz|Galdiz]] ([[User talk:Galdiz|talk]]) 22:55, 30 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC)

== Goyo Baya UC4C (non-voting member) ==


== Goyon baya ==
Assalam @[[User:Galdiz|Galdiz]]

Ina neman goyon bayanka don zama mamba na kwamitin UC4C (non-voting member). Ga link [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Non-voting_members&lt;nowiki&gt;] ayi comment.&lt;/nowiki&gt;

Nagode [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller&gt;&gt;]] 08:45, 20 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

:Done  [[User:Galdiz|Galdiz]] ([[User talk:Galdiz|talk]]) 23:21, 24 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-31&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ContentTranslation|Content Translation]] now supports dark mode, fulfilling a [[m:Community Wishlist/W544|Community Wishlist request]]. This brings the tool in line with the accessibility features available in the Vector 2022 and Minerva skins, helping reduce visual fatigue for users translating content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367077]
* DiscussionTools' source mode and the 2017 wikitext editor will now offer autocomplete for links (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;), templates (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;), HTML and parser tags (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;), and magic words (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;), making it quicker and easier to insert links, templates, and other wiki markup while editing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T432400]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Readers Growth team]] has concluded its experiment with mobile page previews and will not roll out the feature. Page Previews are a pop-up bottom sheet that appears when readers tap a blue link, showing a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and an option to open the article. The experiment showed flat retention and negative indicator metrics, suggesting that mobile web readers preferred navigating directly to linked articles rather than using page previews.
* The Reader Experience team has seen encouraging early results from the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists feature]], with 93% of participating users reporting that it was useful. Reading Lists help active readers save articles for future reading and support their learning goals on Wikimedia projects. The team plans further improvements before expanding the feature to more users.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh|Explore Feed Refresh]] initiative was tested with new and casual Wikipedia app readers. The refreshed feed helps readers discover new and relevant content. After a 10.5% increase in engagement with the feed, Wikimedia Apps team has decided to scale the Home Feed redesign to iOS with the learnings from the Android release applied.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where subject names in the Article Guidance feature were displayed with incorrect capitalization on French Wikipedia, has now been fixed. Subject names will now follow the correct capitalization rules for the language. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427201]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* After running several [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|Account Creation Experiments]] to improve registration completion rates, a new version of the username field on [[Special:CreateAccount|Create Account]] has been rolled out. It includes [[:c:File:Create account - July 2026 updates.png|a popover summarizing the username policy]] to provide clearer guidance during account creation. As part of this change, the messages &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;createacct-helpusername&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;createacct-username-help&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; that several communities have configured will no longer be used. If communities want to customize the guidance shown in the new popover, they can instead edit the following messages: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet1&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet2&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet3&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T430604]
* Later this week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror syntax highlighter]] will offer [[w:en:Theme (computing)|themes]]. The themes can be picked from a dropdown menu in the full [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#CodeMirror preferences|CodeMirror preferences]] dialog. For wikitext, available themes are default, colorblind-friendly (previously the colorblind preference option on [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing]]) and no-highlighting. For code languages (i.e., CSS/JavaScript/JSON/Vue/Lua), there are several themes available. These same themes will eventually be available for wikitext, too. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T163533]
* From now on, wikis can restrict editing in the &quot;User&quot; namespace to only the page owner and certain user groups. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:$wgRestrictUserPageEditing|Read the configuration documentation]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W31&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:50, 27 ga Yuli, 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-32&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] has developed a [https://82db7c8d4b.catalyst.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Regent%27s_Park&amp;uselang=de patch demo] that wraps the page toolbar onto two lines when there is not enough horizontal space for all the buttons. This aims to reduce crowding in the Vector 2022 toolbar, which can occur on some language Wikipedias at certain screen widths. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429518]
* The Reader Experience team is planning to launch [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]], a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Mobile and apps/Have Apps reading lists available on Destop/Mobile|Community Wishlist item]], which is currently available to try in beta, as a full feature in September. Before then, volunteer translator help is needed for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-readinglists&amp;filter=&amp;action=translate string translations] into a number of languages. The feature supports reading and learning goals on Wikipedia.
* Next week, the table of contents on Wikimedia Commons file pages will be improved by consolidating the file page table of contents with the page table of contents. This will make it easier to understand a file page’s structure, navigate to specific sections, and share links to individual sections. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where some [[w:TIFF|TIFF]] images failed to load after clicking their thumbnail, causing a broken image to be displayed instead of the full-size image, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429326]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The variable and function selector in AbuseFilter has been updated to support search and autocomplete. It will allow filter maintainers to find the desired variable or function more quickly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T323698]
* The MJPEG and VP8 formats are removed from the video player. The MP4 format (MPEG-4 Part 2) is added instead, which provides higher quality videos to older iPhone devices. It may take a few weeks to retroactively update all existing videos. The default format for modern devices stays the same (VP9/WebM). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358266]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W32&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:46, 3 ga Augusta, 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30872536 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-33&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W33&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new ChartWizard is [[c:Special:ChartWizard/Data:Example.Pie.chart|now available on Wikimedia Commons]] for users interested in creating charts from their own data. The wizard makes the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] more beginner-friendly by allowing editors to create charts, such as bar and pie charts, without needing to use JSON. Users can still switch to the JSON editor if they prefer. Feedback on the new tool is welcome on the [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist/W414|wish talk page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the Wikipedia iOS app’s Picture of the Day widget displayed the same image every day instead of updating daily, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T430692]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Math|Math formula]] SVG images will soon be generated in the browser instead of on the server. MathML continues to be generated on the server and renders in the browser without JavaScript. Wikibooks will see this change on 12 August, Wikisource on 19 August and Wikipedia from 20-27 August. You can try this by selecting &quot;{{int:Mw-math-mathjax}}&quot; in your preferences. This change is part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase/deprecation|deprecating RESTBase]] and [[phab:T431372|deprecating Mathoid]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271001]
* Category pages will soon support sorting entries by the time they are added to a category. This will make it easier to find recently or long-standing categorized pages. It will also improve workflows for maintenance categories such as deletion backlogs and other time-based review tasks. You can use &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;cldsort=timestamp&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; URL argument in category view to sort the entries. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433768]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] and user scripts on Wikimedia wikis may now use [[phab:T395347|ES2018 features]] and [[phab:T419142|ES2019 features]] in JavaScript code. Previously, the platform only allowed up to ES2017. MediaWiki validates the source code to protect functionality from syntax errors and to ensure scripts are valid in all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility#Browser_support_matrix|supported browsers]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419142]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W33&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:45, 10 ga Augusta, 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-34&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W34&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Worklist|Worklist feature]] for the Event Registration tool is now live on all Wikimedia wikis. With Worklist, event organizers can add the articles their event will focus on directly to the event page. The Worklist also powers [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Worklist#How Event Pathways uses the worklist|Event Pathways]] which notifies other editors of the upcoming or ongoing event when they edit an article featured in the event's Worklist. This is the minimum viable version (MVP), and feedback is welcome. Organizers are encouraged to try the feature. A hands-on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Worklist Setup Workshop: Get Your Event Ready|Worklist Setup Workshop]] will take place on 18 August at 16:00 UTC and 19 August at 11:00 UTC.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[Special:ShortPages]] displays short pages by their size, but in many cases it gets filled with disambiguations and soft redirects, making it harder to find the short articles themselves. Starting this weekend, you will be able to choose not to include an article in the special page by adding the magic word &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__EXPECTSHORTPAGE__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433203]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q3436680|Bole]] ([[w:bol:|&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;w:bol:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429921]
* Starting the week of August 17, the page toolbar will wrap onto two lines when there is not enough horizontal space for all the buttons. This is a [[phab:T429518|fully merged patch from the Reader Experience team]] which aims to reduce crowding in the Vector 2022 toolbar, that may occur on some language Wikipedias at certain screen widths.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:16}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:16|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, uploading large files to Wikimedia Commons has become more stable and less prone to failure following some fixes related to the “Could not acquire lock” upload error. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386640]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Debian Bullseye will reach the end of its Long Term Support on 31 August 2026. [[phab:T434103|Some Cloud VPS projects]] still have instances running Debian Bullseye. Maintainers of those projects are encouraged to migrate to Debian Bookworm or Debian Trixie. A [[wikitech:Help:Cloud VPS instance operating system migration|migration guide]] is available to help with the process, and users may also want to consider whether their workload is better suited to Toolforge. If you need help or cannot complete the migration by 31 August, please contact the Cloud VPS admins as soon as possible. [[listarchive:list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/RVIPQSYLKMSL5M46JP6NEJVGVE6I2RXQ/|Read more]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W34&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:04, 17 ga Augusta, 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30922806 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-35&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W35&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[Special:CreateAccount|Special:CreateAccount]] page has been simplified as part of ongoing work to modernize the account creation experience. The panel showing project statistics no longer appears next to the form on desktop and mobile web. Multiple account creation experiments show that a simpler form helps newcomers complete registration. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433783]
* In order to improve page performance, images now load when they are viewed. This means images lower down an article will not load if a reader never scrolls to that part of the page, which may affect some image-related metrics. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148047]

* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:42}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:42|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where image thumbnails in Abstract Wikipedia could fail to display after the corresponding file was moved on Wikimedia Commons, has now been fixed. Thumbnails will now update correctly when files are moved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433448]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* User Info card is a feature that helps patrollers see information about user accounts. So far, it has been available only in places such as page history, logs and recent changes. Now, it's possible to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CheckUser#User_Info_card_in_page_content|place it in the page content]] as well, using the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#uic:}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; parser function. It can be particularly useful in templates like [[:en:Template:Userlinks|&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Userlinks}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;]] (or their specialized variants), as it will make it easier to see the context about a user on various noticeboard pages. The card will be displayed only to users who have it enabled in their [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpcheckuser-userinfocard-enable|preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424466]
* Due to user security and privacy risks, we have disabled access to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;Special:MyPage&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; URLs when specifically using &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;action=raw&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. If you are impacted by this, consider whether you can use an alternative approach. &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;Special:MyPage&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; URLs can still be accessed and used without &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;action=raw&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. Specified user page URLs (e.g. &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;User:Myusername&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;) can still be used with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;action=raw&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120386]
* Due to an update, the thumbnailing software has been improved. This includes upgrading &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;librsvg&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to 2.60 and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ImageMagick&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to 7, as well as resolving a number of long-standing thumbnailing bugs like rendering errors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419815#12222841]

* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W35&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:45, 24 ga Augusta, 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-36&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W36&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* A new format for the Community Wishlist is open for feedback. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Community Wishlist 2027|read the proposed ideas on Meta]]. This new process plans to improve how wishes are triaged, voted on, and prioritized in a way that is transparent and balanced across project families and language editions. This consultation is open for two weeks.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The latest release of the Wikipedia Android app includes updates to the Saved feature, bringing the app’s saving experience closer to iOS and Web. The update redesigns the Saved tab with an “All articles” view, removes the default “Saved” reading list, renames reading lists to “Collections,” and modernizes the article-saving experience. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T420788]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]] feature was enabled for all logged-in users on Bengali, Chinese, Czech and Vietnamese Wikipedias on August 25, after several months as a beta feature. Reading Lists will be available to all logged-in users on Arabic, French and Indonesian Wikipedias on September 1, followed by English Wikipedia on September 14, and all other Wikipedia wikis on September 28.
* At the end of the month, some logged-out readers on Bengali, Czech, Persian, English, and Polish Wikipedias using the Minerva skin on mobile will see an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Minimal_Minerva|updated navigation bar]] in an [[w:A/B test|A/B test]]. The test will compare the current navigation bar with a new version designed to make it easier to find information more quickly. The goal is to determine whether these changes encourage readers to return more often. This experiment will not change the experience for logged-in readers and/or editors.
* Editors who maintain redirects, templates, and categories used on redirect pages now have improved ways for finding and curating redirects. Previously, redirects pages could not be searched. Two new search keywords, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;onlyredirects:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;withredirects:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, now allow redirects to be searched directly and can be combined with existing keywords such as &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;incategory:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;intitle:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;insource:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T204089]
* The ISBN lookup tools for generating citations were recently not working because of external service problems. Developers are working on solutions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435179]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where searching for pages by category using &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;deepcat&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; could return no results or unrelated results has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414859]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The domain of URLs for thumbnails is changing from upload.wikimedia.org to thumb.wikimedia.org. The old URLs will continue to work for the foreseeable future but MediaWiki will advertise the new domain instead. URLs to other types of media such as original files, videos and transcodes will still be served from upload.wikimedia.org. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427465]
* The Wikimedia [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?api=wmf-math%2Fv1&amp;title=Special%3ARestSandbox Math API] is now deprecated. These endpoints will be fully sunset by the end of September 2026. Developers who call these endpoints should transition to alternative math rendering solutions, such as the native [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML MathML] or [https://www.mathjax.org/ MathJax]. Third-party MediaWiki installations that utilize the Math extension for formula rendering are required to upgrade to v1.43+ to avoid disruption of service.

* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Read more about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check/TextMatch|TextMatch]] in a Diff post titled, [[diffblog:2026/08/28/custom-edit-suggestions-for-every-wiki-how-communities-are-shaping-suggestion-mode-with-textmatch/|Custom edit suggestions for every wiki: How communities are shaping Suggestion Mode with TextMatch]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W36&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:53, 31 ga Augusta, 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-37&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W37&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add_a_link|Add a Link]] has been upgraded for English Wikipedia users with improved detection of links that have different capitalization. This will help reduce ambiguous suggestions caused by differences in capitalization in article titles, including articles about cultural goods. A second phase of improvements is planned, which will also prepare the feature for release in other languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435526#12240876] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T434259]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article_guidance|Article guidance]] feature will be enabled by default for junior editors on Simple English and Turkish Wikipedia starting 10 September 2026 following [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article_guidance/Updates#Summary_of_experiment_result|an experiment]]. Junior editors with 0 to 99 edits will automatically see the feature when they click a red link or use the &quot;[[tr:Vikipedi:Madde_sihirbazı|Madde oluşturto]]&quot; option on Turkish Wikipedia to create a new article. The change is intended to help junior editors create higher-quality articles that meet each Wikipedia’s standards. [[phab:maniphest/query/z3tcTjmLMxk5/#R|Additional improvements]] will continue based on the experiment results and community feedback.
* The [https://pageviews.wmcloud.org Pageviews Analysis] tool which allows users to compare pageviews across multiple pages, turns 10 years old this year and several new features have been added. They include [[toolforge:wikinav|WikiNav]] which provides insights into how readers of Wikipedia explore the content, editing stats in [https://pageviews.wmcloud.org/siteviews?range=latest-30&amp;sites=en.wikipedia.org Siteviews], the ability to [https://pageviews.wmcloud.org/massviews?source=wikiproject&amp;project=en.wikipedia.org lookup articles belonging to a WikiProject], and support for dark mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378549]
* A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Minimal_Minerva|visually simplified Minerva]] navigation bar is being tested for logged-out readers using mobile web on the Bengali, Czech, English, Farsi, and Polish Wikipedias. The experiment aims to determine whether simplifying the navigation improves reader retention. The test will run from August 31 to September 28, and no action is required from users.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is working on improving [[en:Wikipedia:VisualEditor/Named references|auto-generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Editors will only notice a slight change starting this week. When adding automatic reference names the numbering will start at &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;:1&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; instead of &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;:0&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. Read more on the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|project page]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/VisualEditor/VisualEditor/+/1332704]
*  All wikis will be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|read-only for a few minutes]] on September 23. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433363]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] could mishandle nested nowiki tags, causing content to be lost and displaying unwanted text has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435116]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Interface administrators can configure gadgets from [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition]]. The definition format has been updated and no longer requires the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ResourceLoader&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option, as gadgets are always loaded through &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ResourceLoader&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This simplifies gadget configuration by removing an option that is no longer necessary, making gadget definitions easier for administrators. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298199]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W37&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:44, 7 Satumba 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-38&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W38&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Future Audiences team has started a [[en:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia:Village pump (proposals)#New proposed experiment to let readers know about “Google preferred sources”|discussion on English Wikipedia]] about a proposed new experiment to show a temporary notice about the new [https://blog.google/products-and-platforms/products/search/original-high-quality-content-search/ Google Preferred Sources] feature to Wikipedia readers coming from Google. The experiment is to test whether this notice makes visitors come back to Wikipedia more often. Preferred Sources feature lets users choose websites they trust so Google can highlight content from those sources more prominently in Search and AI experiences. We are interested in testing this on other languages that Google supports and would welcome assistance with starting conversations on other wikis. If interested, please reach out to Future Audiences on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Preferred sources|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* The chat platform Discord is releasing a new self-service framework that websites can use to specify how their links should look when shared on Discord. The Future Audiences team is planning to start using this new framework to improve how Wikipedia links look when shared on Discord, giving better attribution and credit to contributors. The link appearance and behavior won't change in the first phase of this project as we want to first collect some baseline data to assess the impact of future changes. However, if community members who are active on Discord spot any issues, they can reach out on [[phab:tag/future-audiences/|Phabricator]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences|Metawiki]].
* The Reader Growth team will be running an experiment to test whether [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Compact Lead|compacting article lead sections on mobiles]] with the addition of a &quot;read more&quot; button improves reader retention. The test will begin on September 17 on Arabic, Spanish, French, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Vietnamese, and Chinese Wikipedias and will run for four weeks.
* All wikis will be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|read-only for a few minutes]] on September 23. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433363]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where [https://wikistats.wmcloud.org/ Wikistats] for Wikipedias was returning an HTTP 500 error and could not be reached, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435959]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Developers who maintain a tool that queries the Wikimedia Commons links tables need to update their code to connect to the new x4 database cluster. The links tables have been moved from the s4 cluster to x4, and will no longer receive updates on s4. The page and redirect tables remain available on both clusters. A wiki replica for the x4 cluster will be set up afterwards. The change is being made because the s4 cluster has grown too large to operate efficiently. You can [[wikitech:Special:MyLanguage/News/2026 Commons links tables database split|read more]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W38&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:31, 14 Satumba 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-39&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 23 September 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1790172000 14:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Special:MyLanguage/Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433363]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Growth team tested a new post-edit notice designed to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#4. Encourage Temporary Accounts to Register|encourage Temporary Account holders to register for a permanent account]]. The new notice replaced multiple dialogs and a simultaneous welcome notification with a single message highlighting the benefits of creating an account. The experiment increased permanent account creation from 1.94% to 3.66%, an 87% relative increase. The change will now be released to all wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433551]
* For Wikipedia editors using the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|&quot;Suggestion mode&quot; Beta Feature]], there is a [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpvisualeditor-editcheck-experimental|new opt-in user preference]] for showing &quot;experimental&quot; edit checks and suggestions. These types are listed at [[Special:EditChecks#experimental-checks|Special:EditChecks]], and are intended for early developer-testing and for gathering feedback from experienced users. Administrators can change the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration|configuration details]] for each suggestion as usual. Administrators can also [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#Experimental Suggestions|use this feature]] to help test their community's ideas for locally created checks and suggestions. Experimental types will have a more distinct visual style later this week. [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Feedback is welcome]].
* The [[m:CEE Technical Village Pump|CEE Technical Village Pump]] has been launched as a space for technical discussions and collaboration among Wikimedia communities in Central and Eastern Europe.
* A new tool, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Language Onboarding and Development/Starter kit|Starter Kit]], is now available for new and small language Wikipedia communities. It brings together guided tasks, tools, and resources to help communities get started, monitor their progress, and collaborate with the broader Wikimedia community. Starter Kit is hosted on Wikimedia Toolforge and is designed for Wikipedias with fewer than 50,000 articles. Learn more about how Starter Kit works and how communities have been using it in [[diffblog:2026/09/18/introducing-starter-kit-for-new-and-small-language-wikipedias/|this Diff blog post]].
* The Reader Growth team is launching a retest of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|image carousel experiment]]. The retest will use three new versions of the design, updated based on community feedback. The team will assess results and determine with communities whether or not to proceed with the feature. The experiment will begin the week of September 28 and will run on Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Czech, English, Farsi, French, German, Indonesian, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* After successful rollouts to Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Czech, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists feature]] from the Reader Experience team will be available to all logged-in users on all Wikipedia wikis starting September 28.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the mentor status script repeatedly updated mentors’ status even when nothing had changed, creating unnecessary Recent Changes entries, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T436659]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;abusefilters&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; list query API, used to retrieve specific details about active or historical abuse filters configured on a wiki, has been updated to support the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;formatversion=2&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; configuration parameter, thereby leading to breaking changes to the API response. All users who maintain user-scripts or other code need to check if they use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;abusefilters&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; list query API, and respond to any breaking changes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435828]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W39&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 11:56, 27 Satumba 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-40&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W40&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users of default skins on desktop and mobile web (Vector 2022 and Minerva respectively) will now be informed if the search suggestions displayed as they type into Search come from page redirects. Previously, users could get confused when the top search suggestions did not match exactly what they had typed. The new redirect notice clarifies that these suggestions are not random, but related to the search. The suggested pages may be redirects to the most relevant destination articles being searched for. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T303013]
* Logged-out Wikipedia users on mobile web will begin to see a bookmark button for saving articles to their [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|reading lists]] instead of the current Watchstar button. When clicked, the bookmark button prompts users to log in or create an account to save an article for later. An earlier experiment found that the bookmark icon was four times more likely than the Watchstar button to encourage logged-out users to create an account. This change is part of efforts to encourage more readers to become account holders and use features that help them save and return to content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T438769]
* An experiment will begin on September 29 on Spanish, Arabic, English, and French Wikipedias to simplify the experience users encounter immediately after account creation. The test will explore whether removing friction from the current Welcome Survey helps new users understand what to do next more easily. The experiment will run through the end of October. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T430058]

* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] has put out a call for the community to suggest topics that it should consider and discuss with the Wikimedia Foundation. Editors and technical contributors are invited to add topics to [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council|the council's talk page]].
* Later this week, it will be possible for communities to configure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit Checks and Suggestions]] so that they are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration#extraNamespaces|shown within additional namespaces]], such as a &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;Draft:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; namespace. [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Feedback is welcome]].
* A bug in the [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] is causing the page to fail to load for users that have unseen changes on Wikimedia Commons. Developers are working on a fix. Until then, affected users can follow the workarounds described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist#GlobalWatchlist temporarily broken for users with Wikimedia Commons|relevant]] help section.
* New magic words &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{CATEGORYSORT:TIMESTAMP}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{CATEGORYSORT:RTIMESTAMP}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; are now available for use. They are able to change the default sorting of categories to be based on timestamp of categorization. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433768]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].  For example, the issue where [https://wikistats.wmcloud.org/ Wikistats] for Wikipedias was not reachable has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435959]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The datacenter switchover, scheduled on September 23, has been postponed. [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|The equinox exercise]] revealed capacity issues, preventing the switch of all services to the other datacenter. The process has been paused, prioritizing investigating that issue, to ensure that we continue to be able to serve our users reliably. A new exercise will be scheduled. Meanwhile, all traffic and edits continue to work as usual.
* On September 23, a power loss briefly affected all wikis, creating intermittent issues on both reading and editing modes. This also affected Gerrit. This is unrelated to the datacenter switchover postponement. [https://www.wikimediastatus.net/incidents/9fm19t8qykk8]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Produnto|Produnto]] has been deployed to mediawiki.org and [[phab:T421436|some Indic language wikis]]. We want to hear your feedback on this experimental product. Produnto allows users to use Lua modules hosted in [[gitlab:repos/lua|Wikimedia's GitLab]]. It simplifies the sharing of Lua code between wikis. Instead of copying each individual Lua module from one wiki to another, users will be able to easily share packages across all wikis.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* A [[m:Event:Cross-wiki Code Collaboration Workshop|Cross-wiki code collaboration workshop]] will be held online on October 2 at 12:30 UTC, bringing together South Asian technical contributors to learn about Produnto and begin piloting it on Hindi, Punjabi, Odia, Telugu, and Malayalam Wikipedias. Produnto is a package manager for deploying Lua modules hosted on GitLab to Wikimedia wikis, and was recently deployed on some pilot wikis.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W40&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 10:49, 28 Satumba 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-41&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The process for this year’s Community Wishlist [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Community Wishlist 2027#Updated Community Wishlist Process 2027/2028|has been published]], incorporating community feedback. The wish submission process will [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/FAQ#What is the deadline for submitting wishes?|end on November 8]]. This year, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Community Wishlist 2027/Working group|a working group (open for volunteering)]] that includes community members familiar with the technical aspect of our wikis alongside Wikimedia Foundation staff, will take care of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/FAQ#What is triage?|triage process]]. The triage is expected to be completed by late November. Votes for wishes will start in January.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Editors using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|visual editor]] will now see a warning when they paste text that is likely to have initially been copied from one of five external generative AI chatbots into Wikipedia. This feature is known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/LLM Paste Check|LLM Paste Check]]. It is a type of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] that is community configurable. The check looks for markers in the copied HTML and is not using content watermark detection. Edits will also [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/LLM Paste Check#Edit tags|be tagged]] so that patrollers can review them more closely. The feature helps newcomers add content that respects Wikipedia’s policies and makes it easier for experienced editors to identify problematic edits. Communities with local policies about LLM usage can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/LLM Paste Check#Configuration|adjust the wording and policy that is linked]]. The team [[listarchive:list/translators-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/EVHKWJ4IERZELMPIWNH3XUVUSQV5KOO4/|apologizes]] that this was rolled out without a delay for translations.
* Editors can now easily [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|access the web visual editor directly from the iOS and Android apps]]. When opening the editor, users will be given a choice between visual editing and source editing. If they choose visual editing, they will be sent to a mobile web window in their phone's browser. After completing their edit, a banner will give them the option to return to the app. This enables readers to make quick contributions while casually reading.
* Users of the Wikipedia Android and iOS apps will now see a one-time account creation prompt after they have used the app for two consecutive weeks. This prompt explains the benefits of having an account. It is intended to help more casual readers become logged-in users who return to the apps regularly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T434847]
* Editors on [[wmnoc:conf/dblists/group1.dblist|group1 wikis]], including Wikiquote, Wikibooks, Wikiversity, Wikivoyage, and Wikisource, will no longer see notifications on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Recent changes|Recent Changes]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help: Watching pages|Watchlist]] when a link to another language version of a page is added, removed, or changed in its Wikidata item. This change will begin on October 5 at 07:00 UTC as a two-week trial to reduce high-volume, low-value notifications and make important changes easier to identify. Editors who rely on these notifications can read more on the [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Clearer Wikidata Edit Summaries/Hide Language Link edits|project page]] and share feedback or concerns on the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T439415]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where mentors who removed themselves from the mentorship program could still have mentees assigned to them and receive questions, has now been fixed. Mentees will now be reassigned when a mentor leaves the program. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418194]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Wikimedia Brasil has published its [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Brasil/Arcabouço de Boas Práticas de Desenvolvimento|Development Best Practices Framework]] (ABPD). It is a guide for staff, contractors and volunteers building technical tools and projects. It covers the project lifecycle, security, accessibility, personal data protection and responsible AI use, and explains how movement-wide guidelines were adapted to a local context. They encourage other affiliates to reuse it and adapt it. Read more in the [[wmfblog:2026/09/26/wikimedia-brasils-development-best-practices-framework-technical-sustainability-as-an-organizational-responsibility|Diff post]]. 
* A new, canonical base URL for Wikimedia APIs will soon be introduced. The new canonical route follows a &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{projectName}/api/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; pattern and will act as an alternative path for current REST APIs (for example: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{projectName}/w/rest.php/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;). Both versions will be callable for all existing APIs, but the new structure will be the preferred path for newly created API modules. This change will be non-breaking for most users. The existing pathways will remain available for all existing endpoint requests. However, some endpoints may return URLs following the new pattern in response bodies. Changes will be available on test wiki first, with the rollout expected to cover all wikis by the end of October. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433535]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.23|MediaWiki]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W41&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

18:52, 5 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-42&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Starting October 13, wikis can change the default pattern for [[:en:Wikipedia:VisualEditor/Named references|auto-generated reference names in VisualEditor]] (currently &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;). They will be able to use human-readable, content-based reference names that are more helpful to contributors using the source editor (e.g. &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller2026-1&quot; /&gt;&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;). VisualEditor reference name patterns can be defined using MediaWiki system messages, JSON, templates and modules ([[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Cite/VisualEditor reference names|more information]]). Admins can enable these changes via [[Special:CommunityConfiguration/Cite-VisualEditor-Autonames|community configuration]]. This is a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist/W17|community wish]] implemented by [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T436255]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]] is a new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details. It will be deployed to English Wikipedia on October 14 and to remaining Wikimedia Foundation wikis by end of October (likely October 21). The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#deployment|FAQ]] lists possible actions to take on your wiki to support the deployment. This is a [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/History|long-standing community wish]] implemented by [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T440243][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T440304]

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]] will be removing the list view of the Watchlist and defaulting everyone to the changelog view. Previously, there were two versions of how the Watchlist is shown to mobile web users: the list view, where editors could see watched articles in a list format, and the changelog view, where editors could see changes to watched articles in a log format, controlled by a user's Advanced Mobile Control settings. This has created issues for code-base maintenance: two different displays means two sets of code to manage. By defaulting to the changelog view, we are simplifying the codebase and avoiding the likelihood of missing bugs.
* The Wikipedia Android app is testing a way to listen to article introductions in the “For you” feed. A text-to-speech model reads the existing article text aloud without rewriting it or adding any content. The 30-day experiment will begin in the Wikipedia Beta app during the third week of September, then move to the regular Wikipedia Android app in October for a limited group of eligible users. A small portion of app users (those with English feeds and at least one topic interest) will have access to the feature. This experiment is part of broader efforts to give app readers options in how they consume content in order to deepen engagement and user retention. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Listening to Wikipedia/Phase 1|Learn more]] and [[mw:Talk:Readers/Listening to Wikipedia|share feedback]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror syntax highlighting]] was [[phab:T288161|enabled]] by default for all logged out and newly registered users on the English Wikipedia on September 14. With no signs of adverse effects, the same change is being proposed to be made globally across all wikis in a few weeks. If you have concerns or feedback, or if your wiki would like to opt out, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror#Enabling CodeMirror by default on all WMF wikis for newbies|please see the help page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T440077]
* [[d:Wikidata:Usability_and_usefulness/Item_editing_experience/Mobile_editing_of_statements|Wikidata mobile statement editing]] of all datatypes will be officially launched on October 13, when it will be removed from Wikidata [[d:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features]] and become available to all editors. Users can [[d:Wikidata_talk:Usability_and_usefulness/Item_editing_experience/Mobile_editing_of_statements|report bugs and share feedback]].
* Last week, language link changes were removed from [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] and [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]] feeds on Wikivoyage, Wikisource, Wikiversity, Wikiquote and Wiktionary. As no adverse effects have been observed, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] plans to roll out this change globally to all Wikipedias. This is scheduled for October 13 at 07:00 UTC, after which editors will no longer see when a link to ''another'' language version of a page is added, removed, or changed in its Wikidata item. Editors who rely on these notifications can read more on the [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Clearer Wikidata Edit Summaries/Hide Language Link edits|project page]] and share feedback or ask to opt out their wiki on the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T440698]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where accidentally touching the graph while scrolling on the Pageviews tool on mobile could unintentionally zoom in has now been fixed. Click-and-drag zoom is now disabled on touch devices. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T440075]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There are three major changes coming to dumps: the legacy content dumps [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/xmldatadumps-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/E6D5EU4PMSTSOI2J7A46HJ3YW2W554CS/ deprecated in January 2026] will now be sunset, the replacement [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki_Content_File_Exports MediaWiki Content File Exports] will be delayed to implement a “safety buffer”, and they are now also available as 7zip-compressed files. Users will need to switch the URL they download their dump from. For more information, timeline and migration instructions, see [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legacy_content_dumps_sunset Legacy content dumps sunset].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.24|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation discovered unauthorized activity by OpenAI agents on Wikimedia projects, including edits to wikis, attempts to exploit a public note-taking tool, and heavy automated traffic. [[diffblog:2026/10/05/openai-rogue-agent-activities-found-on-wikimedia-projects/|Read the blog post on Diff]] for more details about the activity and the Foundation’s response.

'''Meetings and events'''
* Save the date for the next Wikimedia Hackathon! We’ll be meeting in lovely Tirana, Albania for the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia%20Hackathon%202027 2027 Wikimedia Hackathon] from April 9–11, 2027. Scholarship and staff sponsorship applications are currently being [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/Hackathon-2027/ accepted through Pretix] and will close on October 30, 2026. General registration will open in January 2027.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W42&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 07:40, 13 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-43&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* To measure the impact of incorporating some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Image_Browsing#November 2025: Ideas and feedback|community-requested features]] on logged-out reader retention, a test for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Image_Browsing|Image Carousel]] will be pushed to logged-out readers. With the Image Carousel feature, readers browse community-uploaded images, selected by editors as relevant to specific articles. The test starts on November 20.
* An experimental notice will be pushed to 0.5% of logged-out mobile readers who come to English Wikipedia from Google, asking them to add Wikipedia as a [https://blog.google/products-and-platforms/products/search/preferred-sources/ Google Preferred Source]. The test is to see if this notice increases reader retention and encourages people who use Google Search to visit Wikipedia more often. It will run from October 15–29 and will be assessed for its impact on retention and referrals.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:26}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:26|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where [[quarry:|Quarry]] returned an “Access denied” error when users tried to run SQL queries, preventing queries from running normally, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T440966]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Cog-icon-grey.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Due to a long-standing bug, applications that use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For_Developers|OAuth 2]] client credentials flow to act on their owners’ behalf are treated as if they are logged out. This will be fixed for new applications registered on or after Monday, October 19. Some affected applications need to re-register. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T420297]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.48/wmf.1|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* A proposal to hold the Wikimedia Hackathon every three years, with regional hackathons in between, [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon/Community Proposal 2026|has been shared]]. It explores making the event more accessible to technical communities in different regions. Share your feedback on the proposal’s [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia Hackathon/Community Proposal 2026|talk page]] before November 6.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W43&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 14:38, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)
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      <text bytes="128253" sha1="o410m5rfy8908odpz3ctatxrkv93lqx" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}

[[Fayil:Temperature_Bar_Chart_Africa--1901-2020--2021-07-14.png|thumb|Hoton da ke nuna [[Yanayin yanayin duniya|canjin zafin jiki]] a Afirka tsakanin 1901 da 2021, tare da ja yana da dumi kuma shuɗi yana da sanyi fiye da matsakaici (An ɗauki matsakaicin zafin jiki yayin 1971-2000 a matsayin ma'anar waɗannan canje-canje.) ]]
'''Canjin yanayi a Afirka''' babbar barazana ce saboda yankin Afirka na ɗaya daga cikin yankuna [[Lalacewar canjin yanayi|mai rauni]] ga [[tasirin canjin yanayi]] na duniya, duk da cewa ba da gudummawa mafi ƙanƙanta ga haifar da shi. Canjin yanayi yana haifar da yanayin ruwan sama mara kyau, abubuwan da suka faru na yanayi masu tsanani ciki har da [[fari]], [[Ambaliya|ambaliyar ruwa]], da hauhawar yanayin zafi a Afirka. Wadannan canje-canje suna barazana ga tsaro na [[Tsaron abinci|abinci]] da ruwa, bambancin halittu, [[lafiyar jama'a]], da Ci gaban tattalin arziki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=United Nations |first=UNEP |date=2017 |title=Responding to climate change |url=http://www.unep.org/regions/africa/regional-initiatives/responding-climate-change |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=UNEP – UN Environment Programme |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Afirka a halin yanzu tana dumama da sauri fiye da sauran duniya a matsakaici.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=World Meterological Organization |date=2024-09-02 |title=Africa faces disproportionate burden from climate change and adaptation costs |url=https://wmo.int/news/media-centre/africa-faces-disproportionate-burden-from-climate-change-and-adaptation-costs |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=World Meteorological Organization |language=en}}&lt;/refSaunyi yanayi yana ƙara taɓarɓarewar tattalin arziki a yanzu. Manyan sassan al'ummar Afirka sun dogara ne da rayuwar da ke da alaƙa da yanayi kamar noma (kashi 55 - 62% na ma'aikata a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara) kuma sun riga sun rayu cikin talauci, wanda hakan ke ƙara tsananta musu ga girgizar ƙasa. Sakamakon lafiya ya ƙara ta'azzara yayin da damuwa ta zafi, cututtuka masu yaɗuwa (kamar malaria da dengue ), da rashin abinci mai gina jiki suka zama ruwan dare. Fiye da rabi (56%) na sama da abubuwan da suka faru na kiwon lafiyar jama'a 2,000 da aka yi rikodin su a Afirka tsakanin 2001 da 2021 suna da alaƙa da sauyin yanayi. Karancin albarkatu yana taimakawa wajen ƙaura da rikici, musamman a yankuna masu rauni. Yankunan birane, waɗanda galibi ake siffanta su da matsugunan da ba na yau da kullun ba, suna fuskantar ƙarin haɗari daga ambaliya da zafi mai tsanani.

[[Noma|Aikin noma]] yana daya daga cikin bangarorin da suka fi rauni, kamar yadda yawancin manoman Afirka suka dogara da amfanin gona mai Ruwan sama. Ragewa da ruwan sama mara tabbas, haɗe da yanayin zafi mafi girma, yana fitar da asarar danshi na ƙasa, [[Desertification in Africa|hamada]] (musamman a cikin [[Sahara]]) da kuma canza wuraren da suka dace. Wadannan canje-canje sun rage yawan amfanin gona, suna lalata tsaron abinci da kuma kara yunwa. Lafiyar Dabbobi tana ƙara lalacewa ta hanyar damuwa ta zafi da sauya yanayin cututtukan. Tsarin halittu na bakin teku da na ruwa suna fuskantar teku mai zafi da kuma matakan da ke tashi, wanda ke barazana ga kamun kifi da kuma yawan jama'a a bakin teku.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Fonjong |first=Lotsmart |last2=Matose |first2=Frank |last3=Sonnenfeld |first3=David A. |date=2024-12-01 |title=Climate change in Africa: Impacts, adaptation, and policy responses |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095937802400116X |journal=Global Environmental Change |volume=89 |bibcode=2024GEC....8902912F |doi=10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102912 |issn=0959-3780}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sakamakon tattalin arziki na canjin yanayi yana da tsanani. A matsakaita ƙasashen Afirka suna fuskantar asarar da ke da alaƙa da yanayi wanda ya kai 2 zuwa 5% na GDP a kowace shekara, yayin da farashin [[Daidaituwar canjin yanayi|daidaitawa]] a [[yankin Saharar Afirka]] ana hasashen a dala biliyan 30-50 a kowace shekara a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa. Wannan yana barazanar samun ci gaba kuma yana matsa lamba ga gwamnatoci da cibiyoyin kasa da kasa don tattara kudaden yanayi.

Shirye-shiryen daidaita yanayin yanayi na Afirka suna mai da hankali kan gina juriya ta hanyar [[Yanayin gona mai kyau|Aikin noma mai basira]], [[Ma'adanai na ruwa|Gudanar da ruwa]] mai ɗorewa, kiyaye yanayin halittu, da ƙarfafa tsarin kiwon lafiya da ababen more rayuwa. Wadannan hanyoyin suna ba da fifiko ga inganta shugabanci, tattara kudade da saka hannun jari na yanayi, da kuma inganta shiga cikin al'umma don magance matsalar gaba ɗaya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tadesse |first=Debay |date=1 December 2010 |title=The impact of climate change in Africa |url=https://issafrica.org/research/papers/the-impact-of-climate-change-in-africa |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=ISS Africa |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Badji |first=Arfang |last2=Ibanda |first2=Angele |last3=Akello |first3=Sarah |last4=Ekwamu |first4=Adipala |date=2022 |title=Climate change impacts and adaptation strategies in Africa: Selected case studies |url=https://afjrdev.org/index.php/jos/article/view/410 |journal=African Journal of Rural Development |language=en |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=209–274 |issn=2415-2838}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ngongolo |first=Kelvin |last2=Gayo |first2=Leopody |date=2025-05-21 |title=Climate change impacts and mitigation strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa's livestock production sector. A brief review |journal=Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice |language=English |volume=15 |bibcode=2025PRPP...1514225N |doi=10.3389/past.2025.14225 |issn=2041-7136 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tsarin nahiyoyi da na kasa suna jaddada hadin gwiwar bangarori da yawa, tallafin fasaha, da haɓaka iyawa don tallafawa ci gaba mai ɗorewa da rage [[Hadarin sauyin|Hadarin yanayi]].

== Rashin iskar gas ==
Rashin iskar gas mai guba a Afirka ga kowane mutum yana da ƙarancin gaske idan aka kwatanta da sauran nahiyoyi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fact sheet - Africa |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/outreach/IPCC_AR6_WGII_FactSheet_Africa.pdf |access-date=4 August 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rashin fitarwa daga [[Amfani da Ƙasa|canjin amfani da ƙasa]] ba shi da tabbas, musamman a [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (yanki)|Afirka ta Tsakiya]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mostefaoui |first=Mounia |last2=Ciais |first2=Philippe |last3=McGrath |first3=Matthew J. |last4=Peylin |first4=Philippe |last5=Patra |first5=Prabir K. |last6=Ernst |first6=Yolandi |date=2024-01-11 |title=Greenhouse gas emissions and their trends over the last 3 decades across Africa |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/16/245/2024/ |journal=Earth System Science Data |language=en |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=245–275 |bibcode=2024ESSD...16..245M |doi=10.5194/essd-16-245-2024 |issn=1866-3516 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Babban tushen rashin tabbas ya fito ne daga kwararar carbon dioxide a cikin sashin LULUCF (wannan acronym yana tsaye ne don amfani da ƙasa, canjin amfani da ƙasa. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Tasiri ==

=== Sauye-sauyen yanayi da zafin sarari ===
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = vertical
| total_width       = 300
| image1            = Koppen-Geiger Map v2 Africa 1991–2020.svg
| caption1          = Taswirar rarrabuwar yanayi ta Köppen ga Afirka daga 1991–2020
| image2            = Koppen-Geiger Map Africa future.svg
| caption2          = Taswirar 2071–2100 a ƙarƙashin mafi tsananin yanayin sauyin yanayi (Representative Concentration Pathway). A halin yanzu ana ɗaukar yanayi mai matsakaicin tsanani a matsayin wanda ya fi yuwuwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HausfatherPeters2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Hausfather|first1=Zeke|last2=Peters|first2=Glen|title=Emissions – the 'business as usual' story is misleading|journal=Nature|date=29 January 2020|volume=577|issue=7792|pages=618–20|doi=10.1038/d41586-020-00177-3|pmid=31996825|bibcode=2020Natur.577..618H|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A.G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first19=Christina |last120=Strauss |first20=Jens |last21=Treat |first21=Claire |last22=Turetsky |first22=Merritt |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=Cosmos |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. The Australian Academy of Science, for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. Climate Action Tracker predicts 2.5 to 2.9°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1°C. |archive-date=20 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920224129/https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
Yanayin zafin saman kasa da aka auna ya ƙaru gabaɗaya a faɗin Afirka tun daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 zuwa farkon ƙarni na 21 da kusan 1 °C, amma a wasu yankuna na cikin gida kamar yankin Sahel ya kai har 3 °C ga mafi ƙarancin zafi a ƙarshen lokacin rani.&lt;ref name=&quot;IRD-2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Rural societies in the face of climatic and environmental changes in West Africa |date=2017 |publisher=IRD éditions |isbn=978-2-7099-2424-5 |location=Marseille |oclc=1034784045 |id=Impr. Jouve}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ɗumamar Afirka ta ƙaru da +0.3 C daga 1991 zuwa 2021 idan aka kwatanta da +0.2 tsakanin 1961 zuwa 1910. An yi ƙiyasin cewa nan da shekara ta 2030, mutanen Afirka za su fuskanci hauhawar matakin teku sakamakon ƙaruwar zafin yanayi. Wannan kuma zai haifar da raguwar amfanin gona da albarkatun gona&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Engel |first=Ulf |title=Yearbook on the African Union Volume 3 (2022) |date=2024 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-68308-2 |editor-last=Engel |editor-first=Ulf |location=Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Yanayin ruwan sama da aka auna yana nuna bambance-bambance ta fannin guri da lokaci kamar yadda aka saba tsammani.&lt;ref name=&quot;Collins-2011&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Collins |first1=Jennifer M. |date=15 July 2011 |title=Temperature Variability over Africa |journal=Journal of Climate |volume=24 |issue=14 |pages=3649–3666 |bibcode=2011JCli...24.3649C |doi=10.1175/2011JCLI3753.1 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Niang-2014&quot;&gt;Niang, I.; O. C. Ruppel; M. A. Abdrabo; A. Essel; C. Lennard; J. Padgham, and P. Urquhart, 2014: Africa. In: ''Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability''. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Barros, V. R.; C. B. Field; D. J. Dokken et al. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1199–1265. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WGIIAR5-Chap22_FINAL.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Canje-canjen da aka gani a yanayin zafi da ruwan sama sun bambanta bisa ga yankuna.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway-2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Conway |first1=Declan |last2=Persechino |first2=Aurelie |last3=Ardoin-Bardin |first3=Sandra |last4=Hamandawana |first4=Hamisai |last5=Dieulin |first5=Claudine |last6=Mahé |first6=Gil |date=February 2009 |title=Rainfall and Water Resources Variability in Sub-Saharan Africa during the Twentieth Century |journal=Journal of Hydrometeorology |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=41–59 |bibcode=2009JHyMe..10...41C |doi=10.1175/2008JHM1004.1 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Collins-2011&quot; /&gt;

Tsarin yanayi na yanzu (kamar yadda aka taƙaita a cikin Rahoton Kimantawa na Shida na IPCC) yana hasashen ƙaruwar aukuwa da tsananin fari da kuma kwararar ruwan sama mai yawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Armstrong-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Armstrong |first1=Andrew |last2=Dyer |first2=Ellen |last3=Koehler |first3=Johanna |last4=Hope |first4=Rob |date=2022 |title=Intra-seasonal rainfall and piped water revenue variability in rural Africa |journal=Global Environmental Change |language=en |volume=76 |article-number=102592 |doi=10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102592|doi-access=free|bibcode=2022GEC....7602592A }} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]] Text was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]&lt;/ref&gt; Suna kuma hasashen raguwar matsakaicin ruwan sama kusan a ko'ina a Afirka, tare da tabbas mai matsakaici zuwa babba. Duk da haka, yanayin ruwan sama na cikin gida da mu'amalar zamantakewa da yanayi na iya bayyana a matsayin gauraye-gauraye. Saboda haka, haɗuwar tasirin sauyin yanayi zai bambanta a faɗin nahiyar. A yankunan karkara, yanayin ruwan sama yana yin tasiri ga amfani da ruwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Armstrong-2022&quot; /&gt;

Wani bincike a shekarar 2019 ya hango ƙaruwar tsawon kwanaki marasa ruwa a lokacin damina da kuma ƙaruwar matsanancin ruwan sama a Afirka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kendon-2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Kendon |first1=Elizabeth J. |last2=Stratton |first2=Rachel A. |last3=Tucker |first3=Simon |last4=Marsham |first4=John H. |last5=Berthou |first5=Ségolène |last6=Rowell |first6=David P. |last7=Senior |first7=Catherine A. |date=2019 |title=Enhanced future changes in wet and dry extremes over Africa at convection-permitting scale |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=10 |issue=1 |bibcode=2019NatCo..10.1794K |doi=10.1038/s41467-019-09776-9 |pmc=6478940 |pmid=31015416 |article-number=1794}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ma'ana a takaice: &quot;bangarori biyu na matsanancin yanayi na Afirka za su daɗa tsananta&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weather Channel-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |title=More Extreme Weather in Africa's Future, Study Says |url=https://weather.com/news/climate/news/2019-06-18-africa-extreme-weather-drought-flood |access-date=2022-07-01 |work=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Binciken ya gano cewa yawancin tsarin yanayi ba za su iya hango girman waɗannan canje-canjen ba saboda ba su da damar ba da damar iska mai dumi ta tashi (convection) a ma'aunansu na grid masu faɗi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kendon-2019&quot; /&gt;

=== Hauhawar matakin teku ===
{{See also|Ambaliyar ruwa a Afirka}}
[[File:Dar es Salaam (Aerial).jpg|thumb|Hoton babban birnin Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, ta sama]]
A Afirka, haɓakar yawan jama'a a nan gaba yana ƙara haɗarin da ke tattare da hauhawar matakin teku. Kusan mutane miliyan 54.2 ne ke zaune a yankunan da ke da haɗari sosai na gaɓar teku masu ƙasankancin tudu (LECZ) a kusan shekarar 2000. Wannan adadin zai ninka kusan mutane miliyan 110 nan da shekarar 2030. Nan da shekarar 2060 kuma zai kai kusan mutane miliyan 185 zuwa 230, ya danganta da girman haɓakar yawan jama'a. Matsakaicin hauhawar matakin teku na yankin zai kasance kusan santimita 21 nan da shekarar 2060. A wannan gaba, yanayin sauyin yanayi ba zai kawo babban bambanci ba. Amma yanayin kasa na cikin gida da yanayin yawan jama'a suna yin mu'amala don ƙara fuskantar haɗari kamar ambaliyar ruwa ta shekaru 100 a cikin wata rikitacciyar hanya.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6_WGII_Chapter9&quot; /&gt;

[[File:Abidjan des Lagune.jpg|thumb|Abidjan, cibiyar tattalin arzikin ƙasar Ivory Coast]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Yawan jama'a a cikin filayen ambaliyar ruwa na shekaru 100.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6_WGII_Chapter9&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref group=&quot;T1&quot;&gt;A cikin miliyoyin mutane. Shafi na biyu da na uku sun haɗa da duka tasirin haɓakar yawan jama'a da haɓakar girman filayen ambaliyar ruwa a wannan gaba.&lt;/ref&gt;
!|Ƙasa
!|2000
!|2030
!|2060
!|Haɓakawa 2000–2060&lt;ref group=&quot;T1&quot;&gt;Ƙaruwar yawan jama'a a yankin da kuma mafi girman yanayin haɓakar yawan jama'a da za a iya samu.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Misra || 7.4 || 13.8 || 20.7 || 0.28
|-
|Najeriya || 0.1 || 0.3 || 0.9 || 0.84
|-
|Sanigal || 0.4 || 1.1 || 2.7 || 0.76
|-
|Benin || 0.1 || 0.6 || 1.6 || 1.12
|-
|Tanzania || 0.2 || 0.9 || 4.3 || 2.3
|-
|Somaliya || 0.2 || 0.6 || 2.7 || 1.7
|-
|Kuwayt Diwar (Ivory Coast) || 0.1 || 0.3 || 0.7 || 0.65
|-
|Mozambik || 0.7 || 1.4 || 2.5 || 0.36
|}
{{reflist|group=T1}}
[[File:ANKOMAH 20221122-009.jpg|thumb|Wani mutum yana kallon tekun daga wani gini da igiyoyin ruwa masu ƙarfi suka lalata a Chorkor, wani yanki na birnin Accra. Ambaliyar ruwa a ranakun sarari da ke faruwa saboda hauhawar matakin teku tana ƙara zaizayar gaɓar teku wanda ke lalata gidaje, ababen more rayuwa, da tsarin muhalli na halitta. Wasu al'ummomi a gaɓar tekun Ghana riga sun fara fuskantar sauye-sauyen igiyoyin ruwa.]]
A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, an yi hasashen cewa mafi girman ƙaura zai faru ne a yankin Gabashin Afirka. Aƙalla mutane 750,000 a can ne ka iya ƙaura daga gaɓar teku tsakanin 2020 da 2050. Binciken kimiyya ya kiyasta cewa manyan biranen Afirka guda 12 za su tafka asarar da ta kai dalar Amurka biliyan 65 a ƙarƙashin yanayin &quot;matsakaicin&quot; sauyin yanayi (RCP4.5) nan da shekarar 2050. Waɗannan biranen su ne Abidjan, Alexandria, Algiers, Cape Town, [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]], Dakar, Dar es Salaam, Durban, Lagos, [[Lomé]], Luanda da Maputo. A ƙarƙashin yanayin fitar da hayaki mai yawa (RCP8.5), lalacewar za ta kai dalar Amurka biliyan 86.5. Shi kuma tsarin mafi tsanani na fitar da hayaki tare da ƙarin tasiri daga rashin daidaiton babban ƙanƙarar teku zai iya haifar da asarar da ta kai dalar Amurka biliyan 137.5. Lalacewar daga waɗannan yanayi guda uku idan aka ƙara haɗawa da &quot;al'amura masu ƙarancin yuwuwa amma masu babban lahani&quot; za ta haura zuwa dalar Amurka biliyan 187, dalar Amurka biliyan 206, da dalar Amurka biliyan 397 biye da juna.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6_WGII_Chapter9&quot; /&gt; A cikin waɗannan ƙiyasin, birnin Alexandria na ƙasar Misra kaɗai ya ƙunshi kusan rabin wannan adadi.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6_WGII_Chapter9&quot; /&gt; Daruruwan dubatan mutane a yankunansa na ƙasankantar tudu ka iya buƙatar a canza musu guri a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Michaelson-2018&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/aug/29/alexandria-little-venice-egypt-climate-change-frontline|title=Houses claimed by the canal: life on Egypt's climate change frontline| last=Michaelson| first=Ruth|date=25 August 2018|work=The Guardian|access-date=30 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; A duk faɗin yankin kudu da sahara baki ɗaya, lalacewa daga hauhawar matakin teku na iya kaiwa kashi 2–4% na GDP nan da shekarar 2050. Sai dai wannan adadi ya danganta da girman haɓakar tattalin arziki da kuma juriya ko daidaitawa (adaptation) a nan gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6_WGII_Chapter9&quot;&gt;Trisos, C. H., I. O. Adelekan, E. Totin, A. Ayanlade, J. Efitre, A. Gemeda, K. Kalaba, C. Lennard, C. Masao, Y. Mgaya, G. Ngaruiya, D. Olago, N. P. Simpson, and S. Zakieldeen 2022: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_Chapter09.pdf Chapter 9: Africa]. In [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/ Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability] [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E. S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, New York, US, pp. 2043–2121 |doi=10.1017/9781009325844.011.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Leptis Magna amphitheatre - panoramio.jpg|thumb|left|Sauran ragowar ginin wasan kwaikwayo na Leptis Magna (amphitheater), tare da bayyanar teku a bango]]
A cikin dogon lokaci, ƙasashen Misra, Mozambik, da Tanzania ne ka iya samun mafi yawan mutanen da ambaliyar ruwa ta shekara-shekara za ta shafa a tsakanin daukacin ƙasashen Afirka. Wannan hasashe yana nuna cewa ɗumamar yanayi na duniya zai kai 4 °C a ƙarshen ƙarni. Wannan hauhawar tana da alaƙa da yanayin RCP8.5. A ƙarƙashin tsarin RCP8.5, muhimman wuraren tarihi na al'ada guda 10 za su kasance cikin haɗarin ambaliyar ruwa da zaizayar ƙasa a ƙarshen ƙarni. Waɗannan sun haɗa da Casbah ta Algiers, Wurin Binciken Tarihi na Carthage, Kerkouane, Wurin Binciken Tarihi na Leptis Magna, Tsohon Birnin Sousse (Medina of Sousse), Tsohon Birnin Tunis (Medina of Tunis), Wurin Binciken Tarihi na Sabratha, Tsibirin Robben, Tsibirin Saint-Louis da Tipasa. Jimillar wuraren Ramsar guda 15 da sauran wuraren gadon halitta su ma za su fuskanci makamancin wannan haɗari. Waɗannan wuraren su ne Bao Bolong Wetland Reserve, Delta du Saloum National Park, Diawling National Park, Golfe de Boughrara, Kalissaye, Lagune de Ghar el Melh et Delta de la Mejerda, Marromeu Game Reserve, Parc Naturel des Mangroves du Fleuve Cacheu, Seal Ledges Provincial Nature Reserve, Sebkhet Halk Elmanzel et Oued Essed, Sebkhet Soliman, Réserve Naturelle d'Intérêt Communautaire de la Somone, Songor Biosphere Reserve, Tanbi Wetland Complex da Watamu Marine National Park.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6_WGII_Chapter9&quot; /&gt;

== Tasirin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki ==
[[File:Access_to_wood_and_water_appears_to_be_severely_impacted_by_climate_change_in_Kenya_and_Cameroon.png|thumb|Sakamakon bincike na shekarar 2022 ya nuna cewa samun katako da ruwa ya fuskanci gagarumin tasiri sanadiyyar canjin yanayi a ƙasashen Kenya da Kamaru.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Bank |first=European Investment |url=https://www.eib.org/en/publications/20230098-eib-climate-survey-africa-and-middle-east |title=The EIB Climate Survey: Africa and the Middle East |date=2023-06-05 |publisher=European Investment Bank |isbn=978-92-861-5534-5 |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Canjin yanayi zai ci gaba da yin tasiri sosai a Afirka saboda abubuwa da dama. Ana riga ana jin waɗannan tasirin kuma za su daɗa tsananta idan ba a ɗauki matakin rage fitar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli (carbon emissions) a duniya ba. Waɗannan tasirin sun haɗa da hauhawar zafin jiki, fari, sauye-sauyen yanayin ruwan sama, da ƙaruwar sauye-sauyen yanayi na farat ɗaya. Waɗannan yanayi suna da tasiri ga samar da makamashi da yadda ake amfani da shi. Farin da aka yi kwanan nan a ƙasashe da dama na Afirka, wanda ke da alaƙa da canjin yanayi, ya yi mummunan tasiri ga samar da ingantaccen makamashi da kuma ci gaban tattalin arziki a faɗin nahiyar.

Afirka za ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin yankunan da suka fi fuskantar mummunan tasirin canjin yanayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0r&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WGIIAR5-Chap22_FINAL.pdf|title=Africa. In: Climate change 2014: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.|year=2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dalilan da suka sa Afirka ta kasance cikin haɗari suna da yawa, kuma sun haɗa da ƙarancin ƙarfin jurewa ko daidaita rayuwa (adaptive capacity), rashin watsuwar fasahohi da bayanai da za su tallafa wa daidaitawar, da kuma dogaro mai yawa ga tsarin noman daji don hanyoyin rayuwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Welborn|first=Lily|title=Africa and climate change: Projecting vulnerability and adaptive capacity|publisher=Institute for Security Studies|year=2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kasashe da dama a faɗin Afirka an rarraba su a matsayin Ƙasashen da Ba su Cigaba ba Kwata-kwata (Least-Developed Countries - LDCs) waɗanda ke da gurbataccen yanayin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, kuma hakan yana nufin suna fuskantar ƙalubale na musamman wajen tunkarar tasirin canjin yanayi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=UNDP/GEF|url=https://www.thegef.org/sites/default/files/publications/CCA-Africa-Final.pdf|title=Climate Change Adaptation in Africa UNDP: Synthesis of Experiences and Recommendations|publisher=UNDP/GEF|year=2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Babban haɗarin da aka gano ga Afirka a cikin Rahoton Kimantawa na Biyar na Kwamitin Haɗin Gwiwa kan Canjin Yanayi (IPCC) ya shafi tsarin halittu (ecosystems), wadatar ruwa, da tsarin noma, tare da tasiri ga wadatar abinci.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0r&quot; /&gt;

A shekarar 2022, sama da mutane 6,000 daga ƙasashen Afirka guda goma suka halarci binciken yanayi da Babban Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai (European Investment Bank) ya gudanar.&lt;ref name=&quot;EIB-2022a&quot;/&gt; Binciken ya gano cewa kashi 88% na mutanen sun bayyana cewa canjin yanayi yana cutar da rayuwarsu, yayin da kashi 61% na mutanen suka bayyana cewa lalacewar muhalli ya yi tasiri ga kudaden shigarsu ko hanyar samun abincinsu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=EIB Climate Survey: 88% of African respondents believe that climate change is already affecting their everyday life |url=https://www.eib.org/en/press/all/2022-554-eib-climate-survey-88-of-african-respondents-believe-that-climate-change-is-already-affecting-their-everyday-life |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=European Investment Bank |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waɗannan asarorin yawanci sakamakon fari ne mai tsanani, hauhawar matakin teku ko zaizayar gaɓar teku, ko kuma munanan al'amuran yanayi kamar ambaliyar ruwa ko hadari.&lt;ref name=&quot;EIB-2022a&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=2022-2023 EIB Climate Survey, part 1 of 2: 88% of respondents believe that climate change is already affecting their everyday life |url=https://www.eib.org/en/surveys/climate-survey/5th-climate-survey/africa.htm |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=EIB.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sama da rabin mutanen Afirka da aka tattauna da su (kashi 57%) sun ce su ko mutanen da suka sani sun riga sun ɗauki matakai don daidaitawa da illolin canjin yanayi. Daga cikin waɗannan matakan akwai zuba jari a na'urorin kiyaye ruwa don rage radadin fari da kuma share magudanar ruwa kafin ambaliya ta zo.&lt;ref name=&quot;EIB-2022a&quot; /&gt; Kashi 34% na dukkan mutanen Afirka da aka tattauna da su sun ce canjin yanayi yana ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin da suka fi addabar ƙasarsu, tare da sauran muhimman matsaloli kamar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki (inflation) da samun damar kula da lafiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;EIB-2022a&quot;/&gt;

=== Tasirin tattalin arziki ===
Afirka tana yin zafi da sauri fiye da sauran sassan duniya a matsakaita. Sakamakon haka, manyan sassan nahiyar na iya zama marasa mazauni, kuma babban abun da ake samarwa a cikin gida na Afirka (GDP) na iya raguwa da kashi 2% sakamakon hauhawar zafin duniya da digiri 1 °C, sannan da kashi 12% sakamakon hauhawar zafin da digiri 4 °C. Ana sa ran amfanin gona zai ragu ƙwarai sakamakon hauhawar zafi, sannan ana kyautata zaton cewa za a riƙa samun mamakon ruwan sama akai-akai kuma da ƙarfi a faɗin Afirka, wanda ke ƙara haɗarin ambaliyar ruwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;WMO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-10-18 |title=Climate change triggers mounting food insecurity, poverty and displacement in Africa |url=https://wmo.int/news/media-centre/climate-change-triggers-mounting-food-insecurity-poverty-and-displacement-africa |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=public.wmo.int |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Africa Renewal-2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-12-07 |title=Global warming: severe consequences for Africa |url=https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/december-2018-march-2019/global-warming-severe-consequences-africa |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=Africa Renewal |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-10-27 |title=Climate Change Is an Increasing Threat to Africa |url=https://unfccc.int/news/climate-change-is-an-increasing-threat-to-africa |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=United Nations Climate Change News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bugu da ƙari, Afirka tana asarar tsakanin dala biliyan 7 zuwa dala biliyan 15 a shekara saboda canjin yanayi, wanda aka kiyasta zai iya kaiwa dala biliyan 50 nan da shekarar 2030.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last1=Rathi |first1=Akshat |last2=Rao |first2=Mythili |date=2024-05-02 |title=One Bank Is Turning Africa's Climate Vulnerability Into Opportunity |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-05-02/inside-the-bank-financing-africa-s-green-growth |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=www.bloomberg.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Noma ===
Noma babban sashe ne mai mahimmanci a Afirka, wanda ke taimakawa ga hanyoyin rayuwa da tattalin arziki a faɗin nahiyar. Mutane da yawa sun dogara da aikin noma a matsayin hanyar haɓaka kansu ta fuskar tattalin arziki da kuma tushen abinci. Mutane da yawa sun dogara ne da albarkatun da yanayi ke tasiri a kansu. An yi hasashen cewa ayyukan noma za su ragu a faɗin yankin Kudu da Hamada na Afirka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Engel |first=Ulf |title=Yearbook on the African Union Volume 3 (2022) |date=2024 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-68308-2 |editor-last=Engel |editor-first=Ulf |location=Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsakaita, aikin noma a yankin Kudu da Hamada na Afirka yana ba da gudummawar kashi 15% na jimillar GDP.&lt;ref name=&quot;OECD/FAO&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=OECD/FAO |url=http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5778e.pdf |title=OECD‑FAO Agricultural Outlook 2016‑2025 |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2016 |isbn= 978-92-64-25323-0 |pages=59–61}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yanayin labarin ƙasa na Afirka ya sa ta kasance cikin haɗari na musamman ga canjin yanayi, kuma kashi 70% na al'ummar ƙasar sun dogara ne ga noman da ya dogara da ruwan sama don hanyoyin rayuwarsu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Läderach |first1=Peter |last2=Martinez-Valle |first2=Armando |last3=Bourgoin |first3=Clement |last4=Parker |first4=Louis |date=27 March 2019 |title= Vulnerability of the agricultural sector to climate change: The development of a pan-tropical Climate Risk Vulnerability Assessment to inform sub-national decision making |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=14 |issue=3 |article-number=e0213641 |bibcode=2019PLoSO..1413641P |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0213641 |pmc=6436735 |pmid=30917146 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Gonaki na ƙananan manoma (smallholder farms) suna daidai da kashi 80% na ƙasashen da ake noma a yankin Kudu da Hamada na Afirka.&lt;ref name=&quot;OECD/FAO&quot; /&gt; Hukumar IPCC a shekarar 2007 ta yi hasashen cewa sauye-sauyen yanayi za su gurgunta aikin noma da damar samun abinci.&lt;ref name=&quot;ar4 summary of regional impacts&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2007 |editor=Parry, M. L. |display-editors=et al. |chapter=Summary for Policymakers: C. Current knowledge about future impacts |chapter-url=http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/spmsspm-c.html |access-date=13 December 2023 |archive-date=2 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181102223635/http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/spmsspm-c.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba wa wannan hasashen &quot;babban kwarin gwiwa&quot;. Tsarin noma, kiwon dabbobi, da kamun kifi za su kasance cikin babban haɗari na kwari da cututtuka sakamakon canjin yanayi na gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dhanush&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |author1=Dhanush, D. |author2=Bett, B. K. |author3=Boone, R. B. |author4=Grace, D. |author5=Kinyangi, J. |author6=Lindahl, J. F. |author7=Mohan, C. V. |author8=Ramírez Villegas, J. |author9=Robinson, T. P. |author10=Rosenstock, T. S. |author11=Smith, J. |date=2015 |title=Impact of climate change on African agriculture: focus on pests and diseases |url=https://cgspace.cgiar.org/rest/bitstreams/55241/retrieve |journal=CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security |access-date=2026-06-09 |archive-date=2023-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716201342/https://cgspace.cgiar.org/rest/bitstreams/55241/retrieve |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwarin amfanin gona riga suna da alhakin kusan kashi 1/6 na asarar amfanin gona.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dhanush&quot; /&gt; Canjin yanayi zai hanzarta yaduwar kwari da cututtuka kuma zai ƙara aukuwar abubuwa masu babban tasiri.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dhanush&quot; /&gt; Tasirin canjin yanayi akan aikin noma a Afirka zai haifar da mummunan sakamako ga wadatar abinci da hanyoyin rayuwa. Rashin abinci mai gina jiki iri-iri ya haifar da gazawar samun wasu muhimman sinadarai na jiki. Rashin waɗannan sinadarai na iya haifar da ƙarancin bitamin A da ƙarfe (iron). Wannan ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a lokutan fari da ƙarancin abinci saboda zaɓukan abincin suna da ƙanƙanta. Tsakanin shekarar 2014 da 2018, Afirka ce ke da mafi girman matakan ƙarancin abinci a duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://www.fao.org/state-of-food-security-nutrition/en/ |title=SOFI 2019 – The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World  |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-134325-8 |language=en |doi=10.4060/CB4474EN |s2cid=241785130}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Dangane da tsarin noma, dogaro mai yawa akan noman wadatar kai na ruwan sama da kuma ƙarancin amfani da dabarun noma na zamani da suka dace da yanayi (climate smart agriculture) suna taimakawa ga babban haɗarin da sashen ke ciki. Lamarin yana daɗa rudarwa saboda ƙarancin amintattun bayanai da rashin samun damar yin amfani da bayanan yanayi don tallafawa matakan daidaitawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Dinku|first=Tufa|title=Overcoming challenges in the availability and use of climate data in Africa|url=https://ictupdate.cta.int/en/article/overcoming-challenges-in-the-availability-and-use-of-climate-data-in-africa-sid06fd8a811-e179-4fa5-9c8f-806bd2f27c3e|website=ICT Update CTA|access-date=13 December 2023|archive-date=1 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101070648/https://ictupdate.cta.int/en/article/overcoming-challenges-in-the-availability-and-use-of-climate-data-in-africa-sid06fd8a811-e179-4fa5-9c8f-806bd2f27c3e}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tarwatsawar yanayin ruwan sama da aka gani da kuma wanda aka hango sanadiyyar canjin yanayi na iya taƙaita lokutan noma da kuma shafar amfanin gona a sassan Afirka da dama. Bugu da ƙari, sashen noma a Afirka mafi yawancinsa yana ƙarƙashin ƙananan manoma ne waɗanda ke da iyakacin damar samun fasaha da albarkatun da za su daidaita da yanayin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Supporting Sub-Saharan Africa's Farmers – Bayer – Crop Science |url=https://www.cropscience.bayer.com:443/en/stories/2018/supporting-sub-saharan-africas-farmers-closing-the-gap |access-date=2019-08-15 |website=www.cropscience.bayer.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sauye-sauyen yanayi sun kasance kuma suna ci gaba da zama babban tushen canza-canje a cikin samar da abinci na duniya a faɗin ƙasashe masu tasowa inda samar da abincin ya dogara kacokan akan ruwan sama.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Thornton |first1=Philip K |last2=Ericksen |first2=Polly J |last3=Herrero |first3=Mario |last4=Challinor |first4=Andrew J |title=Climate variability and vulnerability to climate change: a review |journal=Global Change Biology |date=November 2014 |volume=20 |issue=11 |pages=3313–3328 |doi=10.1111/gcb.12581 |bibcode=2014GCBio..20.3313T |pmc=4258067 |pmid=24668802 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=HU|first1=Tongxi|last2=Zhang|first2=Xuesong|last3=Khanal|first3=Sami|last4=Wilson|first4=Robyn|last5=Leng|first5=Guoyong|last6=Toman|first6=Elizabeth|last7=Wang|first7=Xuhui|last8=Zhao|first8=Kaiguang|date=2024-06-19|title=Climate change impacts on crop yields: A review of empirical findings, statistical crop models, and machine learning methods|url=https://bpb-us-w2.wpmucdn.com/u.osu.edu/dist/7/24705/files/2024/09/review-climate-impact-crop-yield-machine-learning.pdf|journal=Environmental Modelling &amp; Software|volume=179|issue=106119 |article-number=106119 |doi=10.1016/j.envsoft.2024.106119 |bibcode=2024EnvMS.17906119H }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sashen noma yana da saurin shafar canjin yanayi,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Geoffrey |last1=Sabiiti |first2=Joseph Mwalichi |last2=Ininda |first3=Laban |last3=Ogallo |first4=Franklin |last4=Opijah |first5=Alex |last5=Nimusiima |first6=George |last6=Otieno |first7=Saul Daniel |last7=Ddumba |first8=Jamiat |last8=Nanteza |first9=Charles |last9=Basalirwa |author-link3=Ogallo Laban |title=Nanteza and C. Basalirwa. 2016. Empirical relationship between banana yields and climate variability over Uganda |journal=Journal of Environmental &amp; Agricultural Sciences |volume=7 |date=2016 |pages=3–13 |url=https://jeas.agropublishers.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/JEAS-7-1.pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt; musamman sauye-sauyen ruwan sama na shekara-shekara, yanayin zafi, da munanan al'amuran yanayi (fari da ambaliyar ruwa). An yi hasashen cewa waɗannan al'amuran na yanayi za su ƙaru a nan gaba kuma ana sa ran za su haifar da gagarumin sakamako ga sashen noma.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sabiiti et al 2018 Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change&quot;/&gt; Wannan zai kasance da mummunan tasiri akan farashin abinci, wadatar abinci, da shawarwari game da amfani da ƙasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|section=A1 – 1 Sustainability, food security and climate change: three intertwined challenges|title=Climate-Smart Agriculture Sourcebook|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|url=http://www.fao.org/climate-smart-agriculture-sourcebook/concept/module-a1-introducing-csa/chapter-a1-1/en/|access-date=2019-08-15|archive-date=2019-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601030918/http://www.fao.org/climate-smart-agriculture-sourcebook/concept/module-a1-introducing-csa/chapter-a1-1/en|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Amfanin gona daga noman ruwan sama a wasu ƙasashen Afirka na iya raguwa da kashi 50% zuwa shekarar 2020.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sabiiti et al 2018 Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change&quot; /&gt; Don hana mummunan tasiri na gaba na sauye-sauyen yanayi akan samar da abinci, yana da matakar muhimmanci a daidaita ko ba da shawarar manufofi masu yiwuwa don jure wa ƙaruwar sauye-sauyen yanayi. Ƙasashen Afirka suna buƙatar gina tsarin doka na ƙasa don sarrafa albarkatun abinci daidai da canjin yanayi da ake tsammani. Sai dai, kafin tsara manufofin magance tasirin sauye-sauyen yanayi, musamman ga sashen noma, yana da matakar muhimmanci a sami fahimta mai kyau game da yadda canjin yanayi ke shafar amfanin gona daban-daban.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Shah |first1=Hassnain |last2=Hellegers |first2=Petra |last3=Siderius |first3=Christian |date=2021-01-01 |title=Climate risk to agriculture: A synthesis to define different types of critical moments |journal=Climate Risk Management |volume=34 |article-number=100378 |doi=10.1016/j.crm.2021.100378 |bibcode=2021CliRM..3400378S |issn=2212-0963|doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a shekarar 2020 saboda mummunan farmakin fara (locusts) wanda ya yi mummunan tasiri ga aikin noma a gabashin Afirka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rosane-2020&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Rosane|first1=Olivia|date=27 January 2020|title=Worst Locust Swarm to Hit East Africa in Decades Linked to Climate Crisis|agency=Ecowatch|url=https://www.ecowatch.com/locust-swarm-east-africa-2644928358.html|access-date=6 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; An danganta wannan farmakin sashin jiki ga canjin yanayi - yanayin zafi mafi dumi da mamakon ruwan sama wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwar fara ta hanyar da ba a saba gani ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rosane-2020&quot; /&gt;

A Gabashin Afirka, ana sa ran canjin yanayi zai daɗa yawaita da tsananin fari da ambaliyar ruwa, wanda zai iya yin mummunan tasiri ga sashen noma. Canjin yanayi zai haifar da tasiri daban-daban akan aikin noma a Gabashin Afirka. Bincike daga Cibiyar Binciken Manufofin Abinci ta Duniya (IFPRI) ya nuna ƙaruwar amfanin masara a mafi yawan Gabashin Afirka, amma asarar amfanin gona a sassan [[Itofiya|Habasha]] (Ethiopia), Jamhuriyar Dimokiraɗiyyar Kongo (DRC), Tanzania, da kuma arewacin Uganda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013 |title=East African agriculture and climate change: A comprehensive analysis |url=http://www.ifpri.org/publication/east-african-agriculture-and-climate-change-comprehensive-analysis |access-date=21 September 2019 |website=International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ana kuma sa ran hasashen canjin yanayi zai rage ƙarfin ƙasar da ake noma don samar da amfanin gona mai inganci da yawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2008/09/11/000158349_20080911163038/Rendered/PDF/WPS4717.pdf |title=How Will Climate Change Shift Agro-Ecological Zones And Impact African Agriculture? |author1=Kurukulasuriya, P. |author2=Mendelsohn, R. |date=25 September 2008 |publisher=The World Bank |series=Policy Research Working Papers |doi=10.1596/1813-9450-4717 |hdl=10986/6994 |s2cid=129416028}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Canjin yanayi a Kenya ana sa ran zai haifar da babban tasiri ga sashen noma, wanda mafi yawansa ya dogara da ruwan sama saboda haka yana cikin babban haɗarin sauye-sauye a yanayin zafi da ruwan sama, da munanan al'amuran yanayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCAP-2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ministry of Environment and Forestry |title=National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) 2018–2022. Volume I |url=http://www.environment.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/NCCAP-2018-2022-v2.pdf |access-date=13 December 2023 |archive-date=2 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402131336/http://www.environment.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/NCCAP-2018-2022-v2.pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tasirin zai fi fitowa fili a cikin busassun ƙasashe da matsakaitan busassun ƙasashe (ASALs) inda kiwon dabbobi shine mabuɗin aikin tattalin arziki da hanyar rayuwa. A cikin yankunan ASALs, sama da kashi 70% na mutuwar dabbobi yana faruwa ne sakamakon fari.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCAP-2018&quot; /&gt; A cikin shekaru 10 masu zuwa, kashi 52% na adadin shanu na yankunan ASAL suna cikin haɗarin mutuwa saboda tsananin zafi.

=== Tasiri ga lafiya ===
Kasashen Afirka ne ke da tsarin kula da lafiyar jama'a mafi rashin inganci a duniya.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO-2014&quot;&gt;World Health Organization. (2014). ''The health of the people: what works: the African Regional Health Report 2014''. World Health Organization.&lt;/ref&gt; Nauyin cututtuka masu yaduwa kamar zazzabin cizon sauro (malaria), zazzabin tura (schistosomiasis), zazzabin dengue, da sankarau (meningitis), wadanda ke da saurin shafar tasirin yanayi, sun fi yawa a yankin Kudu da Hamada na Afirka. Alal misali, sama da kashi 90 cikin dari na adadin mutanen da ke kamuwa da zazzabin cizon sauro a duniya duk shekara suna Afirka.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO-2014&quot; /&gt; Sauye-sauyen yanayi za su shafi yaduwar kwayoyin cuta gami da canza yadda mutane ke fuskantar hadarin kamuwa da wadannan cututtuka.

Bisa rahoton kimantawa na shida na hukumar IPCC, canjin yanayi yana zama babbar barazana ga lafiyar dubun-dubatar mutanen Afirka, domin yana jefa su cikin yanayin zafi ko sanyi mara kyau, munanan al'amuran yanayi, da kuma karuwar yankuna da saurin yaduwar cututtuka masu yaduwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |type=Final Draft |chapter=Chapter 9:Africa |title=IPCC WGII Sixth Assessment Report |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_FinalDraft_Chapter09.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Canjin yanayi, wanda ke haifar da karuwar yanayin zafi, guguwa, fari, da hauhawar matakin teku, zai shafi aukuwa da kuma rarrabuwar cututtuka masu yaduwa a fadin duniya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Beard-2016&quot;&gt;Beard, C. B.; Eisen, R. J.; Barker, C. M.; Garofalo, J. F.; Hahn, M.; Hayden, M.; Schramm, P. J. (2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160607130925/https://health2016.globalchange.gov/vectorborne-diseases &quot;Vector-Borne Diseases&quot;.] Retrieved 15 February 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Yulin 2021, Hukumar Abinci ta Duniya (WFP) ta dora alhakin matsalar karancin abinci da ke gudana a kudancin Madagascar kacokan a kan canjin yanayi, ba wai a kan yaki ko rikici ba. An bayyana lamarin a matsayin yunwa ta farko da canjin yanayi ya haifar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Aryn |title=Climate, Not Conflict. Madagascar's Famine is the First in Modern History to be Solely Caused by Global Warming |url=https://time.com/6081919/famine-climate-change-madagascar/ |access-date=24 July 2021 |magazine=Time |date=20 July 2021 |archive-date=23 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210723003745/https://time.com/6081919/famine-climate-change-madagascar/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Rodrigues |first1=Charlene |title=Madagascar famine becomes first in history to be caused solely by climate crisis |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/madagascar-famine-climate-crisis-b1888058.html |access-date=24 July 2021 |work=The Independent |date=22 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Harding|first=Andrew|date=24 August 2021|title=Madagascar on the brink of climate change-induced famine|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-58303792|access-date=2021-09-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Zazzabin cizon sauro (Malaria) ===

A Afirka, zazzabin cizon sauro yana ci gaba da yin mummunan tasiri ga al'umma. Yayin da canjin yanayi ke ci gaba, takaitattun yankunan da ke iya fuskantar yaduwar zazzabin cizon sauro mai babban hadari a duk tsawon shekara za su tashi daga gabar tekun yammacin Afirka zuwa yankin da ke tsakanin Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo da Uganda, wanda aka sani da Tsaunin Afirka (African Highlands).&lt;ref name=&quot;Ryan-2015&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Ryan|first1=Sadie J.|last2=McNally|first2=Amy|last3=Johnson|first3=Leah R.|last4=Mordecai|first4=Erin A.|last5=Ben-Horin|first5=Tal|last6=Paaijmans|first6=Krijn|last7=Lafferty|first7=Kevin D.|year=2015|title=Mapping Physiological Suitability Limits for Malaria in Africa Under Climate Change|journal=Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases|volume=15|issue=12|pages=718–725|doi=10.1089/vbz.2015.1822|pmc=4700390|pmid=26579951|bibcode=2015VBZD...15..718R }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kura-kuran kimiyya yayin binciken sauye-sauyen yanayin yaduwar zazzabin cizon sauro a Tsaunin Afirka suna da kama da wadanda ke da alaka da faffadan fahimtar canjin yanayi da zazzabin cizon sauro. Yayin da tsara taswira ta hanyar sauye-sauyen yanayin zafi ke nuna cewa akwai alaka tsakanin karuwar zafi da karuwar yaduwar zazzabin cizon sauro, har yanzu da akwai sauran rashi na bayanai. Sauye-sauyen yawan jama'a a nan gaba wadanda ke shafar cunkoson jama'a, gami da sauye-sauye a dabi'un sauro, na iya shafar saurin yaduwar cutar kuma suna zama abubuwan da ke takaita tantance hadarin bullar zazzabin cizon sauro a nan gaba, wanda hakan kuma ke shafar shiri na dace don tunkarar bullar cutar.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ryan-2015&quot; /&gt;
Game da saurin yaduwar zazzabin cizon sauro a Tsaunin Afirka, abubuwa da illolin da ke fitowa daga gagarumin sauyin muhalli kamar yanayi mai dumi, sauye-sauyen yanayin gudanar ruwa, da karuwar tasirin ayyukan dan adam kamar sare bishiyoyi (deforestation), suna samar da ingantaccen yanayi don yaduwar zazzabin cizon sauro tsakanin mai dauke da cutar da wanda ake frawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Himeidan YE, Kweka EJ |year=2012 |title=Malaria in East African highlands during the past 30 years: impact of environmental changes |journal=Frontiers in Physiology |volume=3 |page=315 |doi=10.3389/fphys.2012.00315 |pmc=3429085 |pmid=22934065 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Musamman ma, zazzabin cizon sauro yana faruwa ne sanadiyyar kwayoyin cuta na &quot;Plasmodium falciparum&quot; da &quot;Plasmodium vivax&quot; wadanda kwarin sauro na &quot;Anopheles&quot; ke dauke da su. Kodayake kwayar cutar &quot;Plasmodium vivax&quot; na iya rayuwa a yanayin zafi mafi karanci, ita kwayar cutar &quot;Plasmodium falciparum&quot; za ta iya rayuwa ne kawai kuma ta hayayyafa a cikin sauro lokacin da yanayin zafi ya haura 20 °C.&lt;ref name=&quot;CDC-2018&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=14 November 2018 |title=Where Malaria Occurs |url=https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/distribution.html |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=Center for Disease Control and Prevention}}&lt;/ref&gt; Karuwar danshi da ruwan sama suma suna taimakawa wajen hayayyafa da rayuwar wannan kwayar cuta.&lt;ref name=&quot;Center Science Ed-2011&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=2011 |title=Climate Change and Vector-Borne Disease |url=https://scied.ucar.edu/longcontent/climate-change-and-vector-borne-disease |access-date=27 February 2020 |website=Center for Science Education}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kamuwa da zazzabin cizon sauro zai zama babban hadari ga mutane yayin da adadin matan sauro na &quot;Anopheles&quot; masu dauke da kwayar cutar &quot;Plasmodium falciparum&quot; ko &quot;Plasmodium vivax&quot; ke karuwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Center Science Ed-2011&quot; /&gt;

Bincike ya nuna karuwar dacewar yanayi gaba daya don yaduwar zazzabin cizon sauro, wanda ke haifar da karuwar yawan mutanen da ke cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar.&lt;ref name=&quot;Caminade-2014&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Caminade C, Kovats S, Rocklov J, Tompkins AM, Morse AP, Colón-González FJ, Stenlund H, Martens P, Lloyd SJ |date=March 2014 |title=Impact of climate change on global malaria distribution |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=111 |issue=9 |pages=3286–3291 |bibcode=2014PNAS..111.3286C |doi=10.1073/pnas.1302089111 |pmc=3948226 |pmid=24596427 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mafi mahimmanci shine karuwar yautuwar barkewar cutar a wurare masu tsayi (kamar Tsaunin Afirka). Haifawar yanayin zafi a wadannan yankuna na da damar sauya yankunan da da can ba su da zazzabin sauro zuwa yankuna masu fama da barkewar cutar na lokaci-lokaci.&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid7656875&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Martens WJ, Niessen LW, Rotmans J, Jetten TH, McMichael AJ |date=May 1995 |title=Potential impact of global climate change on malaria risk |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_environmental-health-perspectives_1995-05_103_5/page/458 |journal=Environmental Health Perspectives |volume=103 |issue=5 |pages=458–64 |doi=10.1289/ehp.95103458 |pmc=1523278 |pmid=7656875|bibcode=1995EnvHP.103..458M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sakamakon haka, sabbin al'umma za su fuskanci cutar, wanda zai kai ga asarar shekaru masu amfani na koshin lafiya. Bugu da kari, nauyin cutar na iya zama mafi lahani ga yankunan da ba su da karfi da albarkatun da za su magance irin wadannan kalubale da matsaloli yadda ya kamata.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Wu X, Lu Y, Zhou S, Chen L, Xu B |date=January 2016 |title=Impact of climate change on human infectious diseases: Empirical evidence and human adaptation |journal=Environment International |volume=86 |pages=14–23 |doi=10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.007 |pmid=26479830 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2016EnInt..86...14W }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yayin da canjin yanayi ke sauya yankunan labarin kasa na yaduwar cutar zuwa Tsaunin Afirka, kalubalen zai kasance shine gano da kuma sarrafa kwarin sauro a yankunan da ba su taba ganinsa ba a baya.&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid14654317&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Tanser FC, Sharp B, le Sueur D |date=November 2003 |title=Potential effect of climate change on malaria transmission in Africa |journal=Lancet |volume=362 |issue=9398 |pages=1792–8 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14898-2 |pmid=14654317 |s2cid=22850163 |url=https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/24378625 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
== Tasiri da ke shafar shiyyoyi ==

=== Afirka ta Tsakiya ===
Afirka ta Tsakiya, a mafi yawancin sassa, yanki ne da ke kewaye da kasa (ba shi da gabar teku) kuma ta fuskar labarin kasa yana fuskantar barazanar canjin yanayi. Saboda tsananin sauye-sauyen yanayi a yankin da kuma dogaro ga aikin noma na ruwan sama, ana sa ran Afirka ta Tsakiya za ta fuskanci lokutan tsananin zafi (heatwaves) masu tsayi da kuma yawaitar mazaunai, gami da karuwar mamakon ruwan sama na matakari na karshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Diedhiou |first1=Arona |last2=Bichet |first2=Adeline |last3=Wartenburger |first3=Richard |last4=Seneviratne |first4=Sonia I |last5=Rowell |first5=David P |last6=Sylla |first6=Mouhamadou B |last7=Diallo |first7=Ismaila |last8=Todzo |first8=Stella |last9=Touré |first9=N'datchoh E |last10=Camara |first10=Moctar |last11=Ngatchah |first11=Benjamin Ngounou |last12=Kane |first12=Ndjido A |last13=Tall |first13=Laure |last14=Affholder |first14=François |title=Changes in climate extremes over West and Central Africa at 1.5 °C and 2 °C global warming |journal=Environmental Research Letters |date=June 2018 |volume=13 |issue=6 |article-number=065020 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/aac3e5 |bibcode=2018ERL....13f5020D |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/274346 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Matsakaitan zafin duniya a wannan yanki ana sa ran zai karu da digiri 1.5 °C zuwa 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Seneviratne |first1=Sonia I. |last2=Donat |first2=Markus G. |last3=Pitman |first3=Andy J. |last4=Knutti |first4=Reto |last5=Wilby |first5=Robert L. |title=Allowable CO2 emissions based on regional and impact-related climate targets |journal=Nature |date=28 January 2016 |volume=529 |issue=7587 |pages=477–483 |doi=10.1038/nature16542 |pmid=26789252 |s2cid=205247437 |url=https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/9482219 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Karfin shakar iskar gas mai gurbata muhalli (carbon dioxide) na daji a yankin Kogin Kongo ya ragu. Wannan raguwa ta faru ne saboda karuwar zafi da fari da ke haifar da raguwar girman bishiyoyi. Wannan yana nuna cewa har ma dajin da ba a taba sare bishiyoyinsa ba canjin yanayi yana shafar sa. Wani bincike da aka wallafa a mujallar Nature ya nuna cewa nan da shekarar 2030, dajin Afirka zai shaki kasa da kashi 14 cikin dari na carbon dioxide idan aka kwatanta da abin da yake shaka tsakanin shekarun 2005-2010, kuma ba zai shaki komai ba kwata-kwata nan da shekarar 2035.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Grossman |first1=Daniel |date=4 March 2020 |title=The Congo rainforest is losing ability to absorb carbon dioxide. That's bad for climate change. |language=en |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/the-congo-rainforest-is-losing-its-ability-to-absorb-carbon-dioxide-thats-bad-for-climate-change/2020/03/03/3363d218-5ca9-11ea-9055-5fa12981bbbf_story.html |access-date=6 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gabashin Afirka ===
Ganin cewa kusan gaba daya yankin yana cikin yankuna masu zafi (tropics), ruwan sama a Gabashin Afirka ya dogara ne kacokan a kan sauye-sauyen lokaci na gungun gajimare na ruwan sama na yankunan zafi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Nicholson |first=Sharon E. |date=2017 |title=Climate and climatic variability of rainfall over eastern Africa |journal=Reviews of Geophysics |volume=55 |issue=3 |pages=590–635 |bibcode=2017RvGeo..55..590N |doi=10.1002/2016RG000544 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;
Gabashin Afirka yana da siffar sauye-sauyen ruwan sama masu yawa ta fuskar lokaci da sarari saboda ya shimfidu sama da digiri 30 na layi na latitude (ketare layin hantar duniya). Yana samun tasiri daga tekunan Indiya da na Atlantika, kuma yana da manyan siffofin kasa (yankunan tsaunuka) gami da manyan madatsun ruwa na cikin kasa kamar Tafkin Victoria. Saboda haka, yanayin lokutan ruwan sama ya bambanta tun daga lokacin ruwan sama guda daya kacal a shekara a tsakanin watannin Yuli-Agusta a sassan arewa maso yamma (ciki har da Habasha da Sudan ta Kudu, wadanda ta fuskar yanayi ke da alaka da Yammacin Afirka, inda iskar iska mai kawo ruwa ta Yammacin Afirka ke kawo musu ruwan sama) zuwa lokacin ruwan sama guda daya kacal a shekara a tsakanin Disamba - Fabrairu a kudanci (a fadin Tanzania), yayin da yankuna da dama na kusa da layin hantar duniya ke da lokutan ruwan sama guda biyu a shekara,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Dunning |first1=Caroline M. |last2=Black |first2=Emily C. L. |last3=Allan |first3=Richard P. |date=2016 |title=The onset and cessation of seasonal rainfall over Africa |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |volume=121 |issue=19 |pages=11,405–11,424 |bibcode=2016JGRD..12111405D |doi=10.1002/2016JD025428 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; kusan a tsakanin watannin Maris-Mayu (wato &quot;Dogon Ruwa&quot;) da Oktoba zuwa Disamba (&quot;Takaitaccen Ruwa&quot;). Sauye-sauyen ruwan sama a kan kananan siffofi sau da yawa suna da alaka da siffofin tsaunuka da tafkuna. Sauye-sauyen shekara-shekara na iya zama manya, kuma abubuwan sarrafawa da aka sani sun hada da sauye-sauyen yanayin zafin saman teku (SSTs) na kwarurukan tekuna daban-daban, yanayin iska mai fadin gaske na sauye-sauye kamar Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Vellinga |first1=Michael |last2=Milton |first2=Sean |date=2018 |title=Drivers of interannual variability of the East African 'Long Rains' |journal=Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |language=en |volume=144 |issue=1 |pages=861–876 |bibcode=2018QJRMS.144..861V |doi=10.1002/qj.3263 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Finney 2109–2129&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Finney |first1=Declan L. |last2=Marsham |first2=John H. |last3=Jackson |first3=Lawrence S. |last4=Kendon |first4=Elizabeth J. |last5=Rowell |first5=David P. |last6=Boorman |first6=Penelope M. |last7=Keane |first7=Richard J. |last8=Stratton |first8=Rachel A. |last9=Senior |first9=Catherine A. |date=5 February 2019 |title=Implications of Improved Representation of Convection for the East Africa Water Budget Using a Convection-Permitting Model |journal=Journal of Climate |volume=32 |issue=7 |pages=2109–2129 |bibcode=2019JCli...32.2109F |doi=10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0387.1 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma guguwa mai karfi ta wuraren zafi (tropical cyclones).&lt;ref name=&quot;Finney 2109–2129&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Kilavi |first1=Mary |last2=MacLeod |first2=Dave |last3=Ambani |first3=Maurine |last4=Robbins |first4=Joanne |last5=Dankers |first5=Rutger |last6=Graham |first6=Richard |last7=Titley |first7=Helen |last8=Salih |first8=Abubakr A. M. |last9=Todd |first9=Martin C. |date=December 2018 |title=Extreme Rainfall and Flooding over Central Kenya Including Nairobi City during the Long-Rains Season 2018: Causes, Predictability, and Potential for Early Warning and Actions |journal=Atmosphere |language=en |volume=9 |issue=12 |page=472 |bibcode=2018Atmos...9..472K |doi=10.3390/atmos9120472 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dogon Ruwa shi ne babban lokacin noman amfanin gona a yankin. Hasashen shekara-shekara na wannan lokaci yana da karanci idan aka kwatanta da Takaitaccen Ruwa, kuma bushewar da aka gani kwanan nan ta sha bamban da hasashen yanayi na samun damina mai zuwa a nan gaba (wanda ake kira &quot;Dambarar yanayin Gabashin Afirka&quot;).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Rowell |first1=David P. |last2=Booth |first2=Ben B. B. |last3=Nicholson |first3=Sharon E. |last4=Good |first4=Peter |title=Reconciling Past and Future Rainfall Trends over East Africa |journal=Journal of Climate |date=15 December 2015 |volume=28 |issue=24 |pages=9768–9788 |doi=10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0140.1 |bibcode=2015JCli...28.9768R |s2cid=129146135 }}&lt;/ref&gt;).
Gabashin Afirka ya shaida yawaitar fari mai tsanani a cikin shekarun baya-bayan nan, gami da ambaliyar ruwa mai barna. Yanayin ruwan sama tun daga shekarun 1980 ya nuna raguwa gaba daya a cikin watannin Maris - Mayu (MAM) yayin da aka sami 'yar karuwa kadan a lokacin ruwan sama na watannin Yuni - Satumba (JJAS) da Oktoba - Disamba (OND),&lt;ref name=&quot;Bernhofer 1–9&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Bernhofer |first1=Christian |last2=Hülsmann |first2= Stephan |last3=Gebrechorkos |first3=Solomon H. |date=6 August 2019 |title=Long-term trends in rainfall and temperature using high-resolution climate datasets in East Africa |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=9 |issue=1 |article-number=11376 |bibcode=2019NatSR...911376G |doi=10.1038/s41598-019-47933-8 |pmc=6684806 |pmid=31388068 }}&lt;/ref&gt; kodayake kamar an sami komawa daidai kwanan nan a cikin ruwan saman MAM.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wainwright 1–9&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Wainwright |first1=Caroline M. |last2=Marsham |first2=John H. |last3=Keane |first3=Richard J. |last4=Rowell |first4=David P. |last5= Finney |first5=Declan L. |last6=Black |first6=Emily |last7=Allan |first7=Richard P. |date=12 September 2019 |title='Eastern African Paradox' rainfall decline due to shorter not less intense Long Rains |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=2 |issue=1 |page=34 |doi=10.1038/s41612-019-0091-7 |bibcode=2019npCAS...2...34W |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A nan gaba, an kiyasta cewa ruwan sama da yanayin zafi za su canza a fadin Gabashin Afirka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dunning 9719–9738&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Muhati |first1=Godwin Leslie |last2=Olago |first2=Daniel |last3=Olaka |first3= Lydia |date=1 October 2018 |title=Past and projected rainfall and temperature trends in a sub-humid Montane Forest in Northern Kenya based on the CMIP5 model ensemble |journal=Global Ecology and Conservation |volume=16 |article-number=e00469 |doi=10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00469 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2018GEcoC..1600469M }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rowell 621–633&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rowell |first1=David P. |last2=Senior |first2= Catherine A. |last3=Vellinga |first3=Michael |last4=Graham |first4=Richard J. |date=1 February 2016 |title=Can climate projection uncertainty be constrained over Africa using metrics of contemporary performance? |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=134 |issue=4 |pages=621–633 |bibcode=2016ClCh..134..621R |doi=10.1007/s10584-015-1554-4 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bincike na baya-bayan nan kan kiyasin yanayi ya nuna cewa matsakacin zafi na iya karuwa da kusan digiri 2-3 °C zuwa tsakiyar karni sannan da digiri 2-5 °C a karshen karni.&lt;ref name= &quot;Bornemann 365–384&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Bornemann |first1=F. Jorge |last2=Rowell |first2=David P. |last3=Evans |first3=Barbara |last4=Lapworth |first4=Dan J. |last5=Lwiza |first5=Kamazima |last6= Macdonald |first6=David M.J. |last7=Marsham |first7=John H. |last8=Tesfaye |first8=Kindie |last9=Ascott |first9=Matthew J. |last10=Way |first10=Celia |date=1 October 2019 |title=Future changes and uncertainty in decision-relevant measures of East African climate |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=156 |issue=3 |pages=365–384 |bibcode=2019ClCh..156..365B |doi=10.1007/s10584-019-02499-2 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan zai dogara ne a kan tsarin fitar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli gami da yadda ainihin yanayin ke mayar da martani idan aka kwatanta da sakamako daban-daban da kirar tsare-tsare na na'ura (models) suka nuna. Kiyasin kirar yanayi yana nuna cewa za a sami karuwar ruwan sama, musamman a lokacin OND, wanda kuma aka kiyasta zai auku a makare. Wannan jinkiri na takaitaccen lokacin ruwan sama yana da alaka da fadada yanayin zafi mai karfi na Sahara (Saharan Heat Low) karkashin canjin yanayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dunning 9719–9738&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Dunning |first1=Caroline M. |last2=Black |first2=Emily |last3=Allan |first3=Richard P. |title=Later Wet Seasons with More Intense Rainfall over Africa under Future Climate Change |journal=Journal of Climate |date=December 2018 |volume=31 |issue=23 |pages=9719–9738 |doi=10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0102.1 |bibcode=2018JCli...31.9719D |s2cid=52990163 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai kuma, wasu kirar tsare-tsaren na kiyasin raguwar ruwan sama,&lt;ref name=&quot;Rowell 621–633&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bornemann 365–384&quot; /&gt; kuma ga wasu shiyyoyi da lokuta, mafi girman karuwar ruwan sama da aka kiyasta an nuna cewa yana kunshe da hanyoyin da ba su dace ba saboda kura-kurai na tsari na kirar tsare-tsaren.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Rowell |first=David P. |date=2019 |title= An Observational Constraint on CMIP5 Projections of the East African Long Rains and Southern Indian Ocean Warming |journal=Geophysical Research Letters |volume=46 |issue=11 |pages=6050–6058 |bibcode=2019GeoRL..46.6050R |doi=10.1029/2019GL082847 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;
Bugu da kari, sauye-sauyen sinadarai na iska (aerosols) suna tasiri ga sauyin ruwan sama wanda ba a iya kamawa a cikin kiyasin canjin yanayi da dama.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Scannell |first1=Claire |last2=Booth |first2=Ben B. B. |last3=Dunstone |first3=Nick J. |last4=Rowell |first4=David P. |last5=Bernie |first5=Dan J. |last6=Kasoar |first6=Matthew |last7=Voulgarakis |first7=Apostolos |last8=Wilcox |first8=Laura J. |last9=Acosta Navarro |first9=Juan C. |last10=Seland |first10=Øyvind |last11=Paynter |first11=David J. |date=13 September 2019 |title=The Influence of Remote Aerosol Forcing from Industrialized Economies on the Future Evolution of East and West African Rainfall |journal=Journal of Climate |volume=32 |issue=23 |pages=8335–8354 |bibcode=2019JCli...32.8335S |doi=10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0716.1 |doi-access=free |hdl=10044/1/75583 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rowell 9768–9788&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rowell |first1=David P. |last2=Booth |first2=Ben B. B. |last3=Nicholson |first3=Sharon E. |last4=Good |first4=Peter |date=7 October 2015 |title=Reconciling Past and Future Rainfall Trends over East Africa |journal=Journal of Climate |volume=28 |issue=24 |pages=9768–9788 |bibcode=2015JCli...28.9768R |doi=10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0140.1 |s2cid=129146135 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bambanci tsakanin yanayin bushewa na ruwan saman MAM (dogon ruwa) a daidai hantar Gabashin Afirka, tare da yawancin kirar kiyasin da ke nuna za a sami jika a nan gaba an sanya masa lakabi da &quot;dambarar canjin yanayin Gabashin Afirka&quot;,&lt;ref name=&quot;Rowell 9768–9788&quot; /&gt; kodayake an sami dan farfadowa kwanan nan a cikin ruwan saman.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wainwright 1–9&quot; /&gt; Bincike ya nuna cewa yanayin bushewar ba lallai ba ne ya kasance na halitta zalla, amma yana iya kasancewa samfari ne na abubuwa kamar su aerosols maimakon iskar gas mai gurbata muhalli,&lt;ref name=&quot;Rowell 9768–9788&quot; /&gt; saboda haka ana bukatar kararin bincike. An nuna bushewar ta faru ne saboda takaitaccen lokacin ruwan sama, kuma tana da alaka da fadada yanayin zafi mai karfi na Larabawa (Arabian Heat Low).&lt;ref name=&quot;Wainwright 1–9&quot; /&gt;

Sakamakon rashin tabbas a cikin kiyasin ruwan sama, sauye-sauye a farkon lokutan ruwan sama ba su da tabbas a daidai hantar Gabashin Afirka, kodayake kirar kiyasin da dama suna nuna makarin takaitaccen ruwan sama mai yawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dunning 9719–9738&quot; /&gt; An san cewa tsarin Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) yana ba da gagarumin iko a kan sauye-sauyen shekara-shekara a cikin takaitaccen ruwan sama,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Black |first1=Emily |last2=Slingo |first2=Julia |last3=Sperber |first3=Kenneth R. |date=1 January 2003 |title=An Observational Study of the Relationship between Excessively Strong Short Rains in Coastal East Africa and Indian Ocean SST |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_monthly-weather-review_2003-01_131_1/page/74 |journal=Monthly Weather Review |volume=131 |issue=1 |pages=74–94 |bibcode=2003MWRv..131...74B |doi=10.1175/1520-0493(2003)131&lt;0074:AOSOTR&gt;2.0.CO;2 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma bincike ya nuna cewa tsananin IOD na iya karuwa karkashin canjin yanayi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Cai |first1=Wenju |last2=Wang |first2=Guojian |last3=Gan |first3=Bolan |last4=Wu |first4=Lixin |last5=Santoso |first5=Agus |last6=Lin |first6=Xiaopei |last7=Chen |first7=Zhaohui |last8=Jia |first8=Fan |last9=Yamagata |first9=Toshio |date=12 April 2018 |title=Stabilised frequency of extreme positive Indian Ocean Dipole under 1.5 °C warming |journal=Nature Communications |volume=9 |issue=1 |article-number=1419 |bibcode=2018NatCo...9.1419C |doi=10.1038/s41467-018-03789-6 |pmid=29650992 |pmc=5897553 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A fadin duniya, ana sa ran canjin yanayi zai kai ga tsanantar ruwan sama, yayin da mamakon ruwan sama ke karuwa cikin sauri tare da dumama fiye da yadda jimillar ruwan sama ke yi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Global Warming of 1.5 °C —&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=IPCC |date=2018 |title=Global Warming of 1.5°C: an IPCC special report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/ |access-date=2020-02-16 |website=IPCC}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Binciken baya-bayan nan ya nuna cewa a fadin Afirka, ana sa ran kirar kiyasin duniya za su gaza kimanta saurin sauyin wannan tsanantar ruwan sama,&lt;ref name=&quot;Kendon-2019&quot; /&gt; kuma sauye-sauye a cikin matakan karshe na ruwan sama na iya yaduwa sosai fiye da wadanda kirar kiyasin duniya suka kiyasta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Finney |first1=Declan L. |last2=Marsham |first2=John H. |last3=Rowell |first3=David P. |last4=Kendon |first4= Elizabeth J. |last5=Tucker |first5=Simon O. |last6=Stratton |first6=Rachel A. |last7=Jackson |first7=Lawrence S. |date=22 January 2020 |title=Effects of explicit convection on future projections of mesoscale circulations, rainfall and rainfall extremes over Eastern Africa |journal=Journal of Climate |volume=33 |issue=7 |pages=2701–2718 |bibcode=2020JCli...33.2701F |doi=10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0328.1 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sassan kudancin Gabashin Afirka suna samun mafi yawan ruwan samansu ne a cikin lokacin ruwan sama guda daya a lokacin sanyin rabin duniyar kudanci: a fadin Tanzania an kiyasta ruwan saman lokaci zai karu karkashin canjin yanayi na gaba, kodayake akwai rashin tabbas.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dunning 9719–9738&quot; /&gt; can gaba zuwa kudanci, a fadin Mozambique, an kiyasta takaitaccen lokacin ruwan sama saboda farawa a makare karkashin canjin yanayi na gaba, shi ma tare da wasu rashin tabbas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Bin |last2=Liu |first2=De Li |last3=Waters |first3=Cathy |last4=Yu |first4=Qiang |date=2 October 2018 |title=Quantifying sources of uncertainty in projected wheat yield changes under climate change in eastern Australia |journal=Climatic Change |volume=151 |issue=2 |pages=259–273 |bibcode=2018ClCh..151..259W |doi=10.1007/s10584-018-2306-z |s2cid=158743534 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayin misali, kasar Kenya tana da babban hadarin fuskantar tasirin canjin yanayi. Babban hadarin yanayi sun hada da fari da ambaliyar ruwa saboda ruwan sama zai kasance mai tsanani da kuma wuyar hasashe. Kirar tsare-tsare na yanayi sun yi hasashen cewa yanayin zafi zai tashi da digiri 0.5 zuło 2 °C.&lt;ref name=&quot;World_Bank&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal |title=Kenya (Vulnerability) |url=https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/kenya/vulnerability |access-date=2021-01-28 |archive-date=2023-10-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231001012517/https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/kenya/vulnerability |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin rukunin gidajen marasa galihu na birnin Nairobi, tasirin dumama na tsarin birni (urban heat island) yana kara tsananta matsalar domin yana haifar da yanayin zafi mafi dumi na kewaye. Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda kayayyakin ginin gidaje, rashin samun iska mai kyau, karancin korayen wurare, da karancin damar samun wutar lantarki da sauran ayyuka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hirch_2017&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Hirch |first=Aurther |date=November 2017 |title=Effects of climate change likely to be more deadly in poor African settlements |url=https://hub.jhu.edu/2017/11/06/deadly-climate-change-disproportionately-affects-africa/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Arewacin Afirka ===

=== Yammacin Afirka da Sahel ===
Yannkin Yammacin Afirka za a iya raba shi zuwa kananan shiyyoyin yanayi guda hudu wadanda sune Gabar Tekun Guinea, Sudano-Sahel, Sahel (wanda ya shimfidu gabas zuwa iyakar Habasha) da kuma Sahara,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Agyeman |first1=Richard Yao Kuma |last2=Quansah |first2=Emmannuel |last3=Lamptey |first3=Benjamin |last4=Annor |first4=Thompson |last5=Agyekum |first5=Jacob |date=2018 |title=Evaluation of CMIP5 Global Climate Models over the Volta Basin: Precipitation |journal=Advances in Meteorology |volume=2018 |issue=1 |pages=1–24 |doi=10.1155/2018/4853681 |bibcode=2018AdMet201853681A |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; kowanne yana da yanayin gudanar iska daban-daban. Zagayowar lokutan ruwan sama ya dogara ne mafi yawancinsa akan motsi na kudu-arewa na gungun iska mai haduwa ta yankunan zafi (ITCZ) wanda ke da siffar haduwar iska mai danshi ta yamma maso kudu da iska mai bushewa ta gabas maso arewa wato Hunutu (Harmattan).

== Karba-da-daidaitawa ==

Don rage tasirin canjin yanayi a kasashen Afirka, ana bukatar matakan karba-da-daidaitawa (adaptation) a matakai da dama – tun daga matakin gida (local) zuwa matakin kasa da na shiyya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://climateanalytics.org/media/schaeffer_et_al__2013__africao__s_a_daptation_gap_technical_report.pdf|title=Africa's Adaptation Gap, Technical Report: Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation Challenges, and Costs for Africa|last=Climate Analytics|website=Climate Analytics|access-date=8 March 2021|archive-date=17 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117055339/https://climateanalytics.org/media/schaeffer_et_al__2013__africao__s_a_daptation_gap_technical_report.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zaman farko na ayyukan karba-da-daidaitawa a Afirka za a iya siffanta su mafi yawanci a matsayin kanana ta fuskar tsari, wadanda suka mayar da hankali kan zuba jari na musamman a fannin aikin noma da kuma yada fasahohi don tallafawa yanke shawara na daidaitawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Troni |first=Jessica |title=Climate change adaptation in Africa: UNDP synthesis of experiences and recommendations |year=2018 |oclc=1079881730}}&lt;/ref&gt; A dabarun baya-bayan nan, kokarin shirye-shiryen ya karkata zuwa ga manyan ayyuka da aka tsara su cikin hadin gwiwa, wadanda ke tattauna batutuwan da suka shafi fannoni da dama lokaci guda. A cewar wani bincike na shekarar 2023, kashi 59 cikin dari na bankunan Afirka suna da tsarin manufofin canjin yanayi da aka riga aka kafa, yayin da wani kashi 22 cikin dari ke shirin aiwatar da hakan. Kashi 65 cikin dari na bankunan a halin yanzu suna yin la'akari da hadarin yanayi yayin kimanta sabbin abokan ciniki ko ayyuka, yayin da wani kashi 23 cikin dari ke sa ran yin hakan a nan gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;EIB-2023&quot;/&gt;
[[File:Green_finance_opportunities_and_products_(%_of_surveyed_African_banks).png|thumb|upright=1.35|Damammaki da kayayyakin hada-hadar kudi na kore (Green finance) daga bankunan da aka gudanar da bincike a kansu a cikin binciken Bankunan Afirka na Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai&lt;ref name=&quot;eib.org&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Finance in Africa report finds that banks want to move faster into green lending|url=https://www.eib.org/en/essays/africa-green-lending|access-date=2021-12-10|website=European Investment Bank|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bank&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Bank|first=European Investment|url=https://www.eib.org/en/publications/economic-report-finance-in-africa-green-smart-inclusive-private-sector-development|title=Finance in Africa: for green, smart and inclusive private sector development|date=18 November 2021|publisher=European Investment Bank|isbn=978-92-861-5063-0|language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Inganta fasahar hasashen yanayi a yankin Afirka da ke kudu da Sahara yana da muhimmanci wajen bayar da bayanai don mayar da martani ga canjin yanayi,&lt;ref name=&quot;Youds-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Youds|first1=L.|last2=Parker|first2=D. J.|last3=Adefisan|first3=E. A.|last4=Antwi-Agyei|first4=P.|last5=Bain|first5=C. L.|last6=Black|first6=E. C. L.|last7=Blyth|first7=A. M.|last8=Dougill|first8=A. J.|last9=Hirons|first9=L. C.|date=13 May 2021|title=GCRF African SWIFT White Paper Policy Brief: The future of African weather forecasting|url=http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/174093/|access-date=2021-05-13|website=eprints.whiterose.ac.uk|language=en|doi=10.5518/100/67}}&lt;/ref&gt; domin taimakawa wajen yanke shawara da ke da alaka da karba-da-daidaitawa da canjin yanayi misali.&lt;ref name=&quot;Youds-2021&quot; /&gt;

Yayin Babban Taron Kasashen da ke Cikin Yarjejeniya karo na 21 (COP21) a shekarar 2015, shugabannin kasashen Afirka sun kaddamar da Tsarin Karba-da-daidaitawa na Afirka (Africa Adaptation Initiative - AAI). Kwamitin gudanarwa na AAI ya kunshi Ofishin Taron Ministocin Afirka kan Muhalli (AMCEN) da kuma shugaban Rukunin Masu Tattaunawa na Afirka (AGN).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://africaadaptationinitiative.org/|title=AAI|accessdate=4 August 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Haka kuma, Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai tana tallafawa Tsarin Karba-da-daidaitawa na Afirka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url = https://www.africa.undp.org/content/rba/en/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2020/european-union-ramps-up-support-to-africa-adaptation-initiative-.html|title = European Union ramps up support to Africa Adaptation Initiative|website = United Nations Development Programme|date = 22 January 2020|access-date = 9 June 2026|archive-date = 10 May 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210510103326/https://www.africa.undp.org/content/rba/en/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2020/european-union-ramps-up-support-to-africa-adaptation-initiative-.html|url-status = dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta yi gungun gwiwa da Tarayyar Afirka kan inganta dorewar gudanar da albarkatun kasa, juriya ta muhalli, da rage tasirin canjin yanayi (climate change mitigation)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://africa-eu-partnership.org/en/strategic-priority-areas/strengthening-resilience-peace-security-and-governance |title=Strengthening Resilience, Peace, Security and Governance |access-date=13 December 2023 |archive-date=10 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510085847/https://africa-eu-partnership.org/en/strategic-priority-areas/strengthening-resilience-peace-security-and-governance }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matakin shiyya, kafa manufofi da ayyuka na shiyya don tallafawa karba-da-daidaitawa a fadin Afirka har yanzu suna matakin farko. Rahoton Kimantawa na Biyar na IPCC (AR5) ya bayyana misalan tsare-tsaren ayyuka na canjin yanayi na shiyyoyi daban-daban, ciki har da wadanda Kungiyar Ci gaban Kasashen Kudancin Afirka (SADC) da Kwamitin Kogin Tafkin Victoria suka samar.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0r&quot; /&gt; A matakin kasa, an gudanar da shirye-shiryen farko da dama na daidaitawa ta hanyar Shirye-shiryen Ayyuka na Kasa na Karba-da-daidaitawa (NAPAs) ko Dabarun Mayar da Martani ga Canjin Yanayi na Kasa (NCCRS). Sai dai kuma, aiwatar da su ya kasance cikin jinkiri, tare da samun nasarori mabambanta a fannin isarwa.&lt;ref name = date&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Pardoe|first1=Joanna|last2=Conway|first2=Declan|last3=Namaganda|first3=Emilinah |last4=Vincent|first4=Katharine|last5=Dougill|first5=Andy|last6=Kashaigili|first6=Japhet|date=2018|title=Climate Change and the Water-Energy-Food Nexus: Policy and Practice in Tanzania.|journal= Climate Policy|volume=18|issue=7|pages=863–877|doi=10.1080/14693062.2017.1386082|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sanya batun canjin yanayi cikin tsare-tsaren tattalin arziki da ci gaba mafi fadin gaske har yanzu yana da iyaka kodayake yana ci gaba da bunkasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Lessons learned in preparing national adaptation programmes of action in Eastern and Southern Africa|last1=Osman-Elasha|first1=Balgis|last2=Downing|first2=Tom | publisher = Stockholm Environment Institute|year=2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0r&quot; /&gt;

A matakin kasa da na gida (subnational), hukumomin larduna da na birni da dama su ma suna samar da dabarunsu na kansu, misali Dabarun Mayar da Martani ga Canjin Yanayi na Western Cape.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.westerncape.gov.za/text/2015/march/western_cape_climate_change_response_strategy_2014.pdf|title=Western Cape Climate Change Response Strategy|last=Western Cape Government|date=2014|access-date=8 March 2021|archive-date=20 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220102835/https://www.westerncape.gov.za/text/2015/march/western_cape_climate_change_response_strategy_2014.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da haka, matakan iya aiki na fasaha da albarkatun da ke akwai don aiwatar da tsare-tsaren gaba daya suna da karanci. An ba da hankali sosai a fadin Afirka ga aiwatar da ayyukan karba-da-daidaitawa na tushen al'umma (community-based adaptation). Akwai amincewa gaba daya cewa mafi kyawun hanyar tallafawa daidaitawa a matakin gida ita ce farawa da irin karfin daidaitawa na cikin gida da ke akwai riga, da kuma yin amfani da ilimin gargajiya da ayyukan gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Ofoegbu|first1=Chidiebere|last2=Chirwa|first2=Paxie|last3=Francis|first3=Joseph|last4=Babalola|first4=Folaranmi|date=15 May 2017|title=Assessing vulnerability of rural communities to climate change: A review of implications for forest-based livelihoods in South Africa|journal=International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management|volume=9|issue=3|pages=374–386|doi=10.1108/IJCCSM-04-2016-0044 |hdl=2263/61659|hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Climate risk approach (%25 of surveyed African banks).png|thumb|upright=1.35|Sakamakon da ya shafi tsarin fuskantar hadarin yanayi na bankunan Afirka (% na bankunan da aka gudanar da bincike a kansu) daga binciken Bankunan Afirka na Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai na shekarar 2021&lt;ref name=&quot;eib.org&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bank&quot;/&gt;]]
Hukumar IPCC ta bayyana hanyoyi da dama masu nasara don inganta daidaitawa mai tasiri a Afirka, inda ta bayyana ka'idoji guda biyar na gama gari.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0r&quot; /&gt; Wadannan sun hada da:
# Habaka tallafi ga hanyoyin daidaitawa masu zaman kansu (autonomous forms of adaptation);
# Kara mayar da hankali ga la'akari na al'ada, dabi'u, da hakki na daidaitawa (musamman ta hanyar shigar da mata, matasa, da matalauta da mutane masu rauni sosai a cikin ayyukan daidaitawa);
# Hadawa tsakanin zabuka na &quot;hanyoyin sanyaya gwiwa&quot; (soft path) da hanyoyin koyo masu sauki da maimaitawa tare da hanyoyin fasaha da ababen more rayuwa (gami da hada ilimin kimiyya, na gida, da na gargajiya wajen samar da dabarun daidaitawa);
# Mayar da hankali kan inganta juriya da aiwatar da zabukan daidaitawa wadanda ba sa da da-na-sani (low-regrets options); da kuma
# Gina tsarin gudanarwa mai dacewa da kuma karfafa tsarin koyo na zamantakewa da na hukumomi a cikin ayyukan daidaitawa.

Rahoton Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya mai taken &quot;Adaptation to Climate Change in Africa Plan of Action for the Health Sector 2012–2016&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO-2012&quot;&gt;World Health Organization. (2012). Adaptation to climate change in Africa plan of action for the health sector 2012–2016. Retrieved from http://www.afro.who.int/index.php?option=com_docman&amp;task=doc_download&amp;gid=7699&amp;Itemid=2593&lt;/ref&gt; an tsara shi ne don &quot;samar da cikakken martani da hadin gwiwa na fannin lafiya bisa hujjoji ga bukatun karba-da-daidaitawa ga canjin yanayi na kasashen Afirka domin tallafawa kudurori da fifikon gwamnatocin Afirka.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO-2012&quot; /&gt; Tsarin aikin ya kunshi manufofi kamar fadada ayyukan lafiyar jama'a, daidaita kokari a matakin kasa da kasa, karfafa gungun gwiwa da kokarin hadin gwiwa, da kuma inganta bincike kan tasirin canjin yanayi gami da matakan inganci da aka dauka a al'ummomin gida don rage sakamakon canjin yanayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO-2012&quot; /&gt;

A cewar Asusun Lamuni na Duniya (IMF), yankin Afirka da ke kudu da Sahara yana bukatar kararin dalar Amurka biliyan $30 zuwa $50 kowace shekara a fannin samar da kudade don daidaitawa da tasirin canjin yanayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bank&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sub-Saharan Africa: One Planet, Two Worlds, Three Stories|url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2021/10/20/pr21306-sub-saharan-africa-one-planet-two-worlds-three-stories|access-date=2021-12-06|website=IMF|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Dept|first=International Monetary Fund African|url=https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/books/086/28915-9781513536835-en/ch02.xml|title=2. Adapting to Climate Change in Sub-Saharan Africa|date=15 April 2020|publisher=International Monetary Fund|isbn=978-1-5135-3683-5|language=en|access-date=13 December 2023|archive-date=23 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523061856/https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/books/086/28915-9781513536835-en/ch02.xml}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kudaden tallafin yanayi a Gabas Ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka sun kai jimillar dalar Amurka biliyan $32.6 (wato kashi 2 cikin dari na jimillar duniya) a shekarar 2019/2020, yayin da juna jari na yanayi a yankin Afirka da ke kudu da Sahara ya kasance dalar Amurka biliyan $43.8 (kashi 3 cikin dari na jimillar duniya).&lt;ref name=&quot;EIB-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Bank |first=European Investment |url=https://www.eib.org/en/publications/20230088-finance-in-africa |title=Finance in Africa: Uncertain times, resilient banks: African finance at a crossroads |date=2023-09-27 |publisher=European Investment Bank |isbn=978-92-861-5598-7 |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-03-15 |title=Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Middle East and North Africa (2020) - Climate Funds Update |url=https://climatefundsupdate.org/publications/climate-finance-regional-briefing-middle-east-and-north-africa-2020/ |access-date=2023-10-31 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar binciken Bankunan Afirka na Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai na shekarar 2021, hukumomin Afirka suna kara fahimtar bukatar magance hatsarin da ke tattare da canjin yanayi kuma suna fara amfani da damammaki a fannin samar da kudaden kore (green financing). Misali, kashi 54 cikin dari na bankunan da aka yi bincike a kansu sun dauki canjin yanayi a matsayin wani lamari na dabarun aiki, kuma fiye da kashi 40 cikin dari suna da ma'aikata da ke mayar da hankali kan fannonin da suka shafi yanayi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Importer|first=A. P. O.|date=18 November 2021|title=EIB study highlights impact of COVID on African banks and business financing and opportunities for climate finance and digital transformation|url=https://africa.businessinsider.com/apo/eib-study-highlights-impact-of-covid-on-african-banks-and-business-financing-and/205d41n|access-date=2021-12-06|website=Business Insider Africa|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bankunan Afirka da ke kudu da Sahara suna kara fadada ayyukansu na dijital, lamarin da annobar COVID-19 ta hanzarta shi. Mafi yawancin bankunan da aka gudanar da bincike a kansu sun bayyana cewa annobar ta hanzarta takun sauyin dijital (digital transformation), kuma wannan sauyi zai kasance na din-din-din.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=EIB President highlights new gender and digital investment initiatives to accelerate economic recovery across Africa|url=https://www.eib.org/en/press/all/2021-165-eib-president-highlights-new-gender-and-digital-investment-initiatives-to-accelerate-economic-recovery-across-africa|access-date=2021-12-06|website=European Investment Bank|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=European Investment Bank Development Report|url=https://www.eib.org/attachments/thematic/the_eib_development_report_2021_en.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616085058/https://www.eib.org/attachments/thematic/the_eib_development_report_2021_en.pdf |archive-date=2021-06-16 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bank&quot;/&gt;
Matalauta da marasa galihu sune suka fi fuskantar barazana, inda ma'aikata 'yan gudun hijira, 'yan gudun hijirar yaki, da sauran rukunoni da aka ware a cikin al'umma ke fuskantar wahala mafi tsanani. Kudin shiga na kowane mutum (GDP per capita) ba shi da tabbacin zai koma matakan shekarar 2019 har sai zuwa shekarar 2024, tare da barazanar sake faduwa kasa, kuma rikicin ya mayar da baya ga raguwar da aka yi hasashen samu na yawan matalauta, a cewar IMF.

Idan aka kwatanta da hasashen kafin rikicin, wannan na iya haifar da kararin mutane miliyan 30 a yankin Afirka da ke kudu da Sahara da za su rayu cikin matsananciyar talauci nan da shekarar 2021, gami da kararin mutane miliyan tara a yankin Gabas Ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka (MENA).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=Selassie|first1=Abebe Aemro|last2=Department|first2=Habtamu Fuje IMF African|title=Seven Charts that Show Sub-Saharan Africa at a Crucial Point|url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2021/10/20/na102021-seven-charts-that-show-sub-saharan-africa-at-a-crucial-point|access-date=2021-12-06|website=IMF|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya zuwa shekarar 2023, kusan kashi daya bisa uku na dukkan kudaden tallafin yanayi na Afirka yana kwarara ne zuwa manyan kasuwanni guda biyar: Maroko (kashi 7 cikin dari na juna jari na yanayi na Afirka a cikin 2019/2022), Najeriya (kashi 7), Kenya (kashi 7), Habasha (kashi 6), da Afirka ta Kudu (kashi 5).&lt;ref name=&quot;EIB-2023&quot;/&gt;

A cikin shekaru goman da suka gabata, juna jari na kai-tsaye na ketare na kore (greenfield foreign direct investment) a fadin duniya ya ragu a kan matakin kashi 3 cikin dari a kowace shekara, inda gudunmuwar Afirka ga duniya ta fado daga kashi 12 cikin dari a shekarar 2017 zuwa kasa da kashi 6 cikin dari a shekarar 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;EIB-2023&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=World Investment Report 2023 |url=https://unctad.org/publication/world-investment-report-2023 |access-date=2023-10-31 |website=UNCTAD |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Matakan karba-da-daidaitawa a Arewacin Afirka ===
[[File:Climate change specific personnel (%25 of surveyed African banks).png|thumb|upright=1.35|Ma'aikata na musamman kan canjin yanayi a bankunan Afirka da aka gudanar da bincike a kansu a cikin binciken Bankunan Afirka na Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai (% na bankunan Afirka da aka gudanar da bincike a kansu)]]
Babban matakan daidaitawa a arewacin Afirka suna da alaka da karuwar hadarin karancin ruwa (sakamakon haduwar canjin yanayi da ke shafar samun ruwa da kuma karuwar bukatarsa). Ragwar samun ruwa, a gefe guda, yana cudanya da karuwar yanayin zafi don haifar da bukatar daidaitawa tsakanin noman alkama na ruwan sama&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Hegazy|first1=A. K.|last2=Medany|first2=M. A.|last3=Kabiel|first3=H. F.|last4=Maez|first4=M. M.|date=2008|title=Spatial and temporal projected distribution of four crop plants in Egypt|journal=Natural Resources Forum|volume=32|issue=4|pages=316–326|doi=10.1111/j.1477-8947.2008.00205.x |bibcode=2008NRF....32..316H }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Drine|first=I.|date=May 2011|title=Climate Change Compounding Risks in North Africa |url=https://www.wider.unu.edu/publication/climate-change-compounding-risks-north-africa|website=United Nations University-World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER) |type=Working Paper No. 32}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma sauyin hadarin cututtuka (misali daga cutar leishmaniasis).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Bounoua|first1=L.|last2=Kahime|first2=K.|last3=Houti|first3=L.|last4=Blakey|first4=T.|last5=Ebi|first5=K.L.|last6=Zhang|first6=P.|last7=Imhoff|first7=M.L.|last8=Thome|first8=K.J.|last9=Dudek|first9=C.|date=2013|title=Linking climate to incidence of zoonotic cutaneous Leishmaniasis (L. major) in Pre-Saharan North Africa|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=10|issue=8|article-number=3172–3191|doi=10.3390/ijerph10083172|pmid=23912199|pmc=3774431|doi-access=free|bibcode=2013IJERP..10.3172B }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Toumi|first1=Amine|last2=Chlif|first2=Sadok|last3=Bettaieb|first3=Jihene|last4=Alaya|first4=Nissaf Ben|last5=Boukthir|first5=Aicha|last6=Ahmadi|first6=Zaher E.|last7=Salah|first7=Afif Ben|date=May 2012|editor-last=Ozcel|editor-first=Mehmet Ali|title=Temporal Dynamics and Impact of Climate Factors on the Incidence of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Central Tunisia|journal=PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases|volume=6|issue=5|article-number=e1633|doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0001633|pmid=22563513|pmc=3341328 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Mafi yawancin ayyukan gwamnati na daidaitawa sun mayar da hankali ne a kan fannin samar da ruwa, misali ta hanyar kawar da gishirin ruwan teku (desalination), canja wurin ruwa tsakanin kwaruruka da kuma ginin madatsun ruwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Sowers |first1=Jeannie |last2=Vengosh |first2=Avner |last3=Weinthal |first3=Erika |title=Climate change, water resources, and the politics of adaptation in the Middle East and North Africa |journal=Climatic Change |date=February 2011 |volume=104 |issue=3–4 |pages=599–627 |doi=10.1007/s10584-010-9835-4 |bibcode=2011ClCh..104..599S |hdl=10161/6460 |s2cid=37329318 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;
An kuma lura cewa hijira tana zama wata hanya ta daidaitawa ga daidaikun mutane da gidaje a arewacin Afirka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Scheffran |first1=Jürgen |last2=Marmer |first2=Elina |last3=Sow |first3=Papa |title=Migration as a contribution to resilience and innovation in climate adaptation: Social networks and co-development in Northwest Africa |journal=Applied Geography |date=April 2012 |volume=33 |pages=119–127 |doi=10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.10.002 |bibcode=2012AppGe..33..119S }}&lt;/ref&gt; Kamar yankuna da dama, duk da haka, misalan ayyukan daidaitawa na zahiri (sabanin niyyar yin aiki, ko kimanta fuskantar barazana) daga Arewacin Afirka suna da iyaka – wani bincike mai zurfi da aka wallafa a shekarar 2011
=== Matakan karba-da-daidaitawa a Yammacin Afirka ===

Samun ruwa babban hadari ne na musamman a Yammacin Afirka, inda munanan abubuwan da ke faruwa kamar fari ke haifar da rikice-rikicen bil'adama da ke da alaka da lokutan yunwa, karancin abinci, raba mutane da muhallansu, hijira gami da rikici da rashin tsaro. Dabarun daidaitawa za su iya kasancewa na muhalli, na al'ada/na fannin noma (agronomic) da kuma na tattalin arziki.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Shaibu |first1=M. T. |last2=Alhassan |first2=S. I. |last3=Panyan |first3=E. K. |last4=Avornyo |first4=F. K. |last5=Konlan |first5=S. P. |last6=Salifu |first6=S. |title=An Assessment of Institutional Importance of Climate Change Adaptation in the Volta River Basin of Northern Ghana |journal=West African Journal of Applied Ecology |date=2018 |volume=26 |pages=27–40 |url=https://www.ajol.info/index.php/wajae/article/view/182464 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dabarun daidaitawa suna bayyana fili a fannin aikin noma, inda wasu daga cikinsu bincike na yau da kullum ko tashoshin gwaji suka samar ko suka inganta su.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6r&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Kuwornu |first1=John K. M. |last2=Al-Hassan |first2=Ramatu M. |last3=Etwire |first3=Prince Maxwell |last4=Osei-Owusu |first4=Yaw |date=2013 |title=Adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers to climate change and variability: Evidence from northern Ghana |journal=Information Management and Business Review |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=233–239 |doi=10.22610/imbr.v5i5.1047 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sauye-sauyen aikin noma na gargajiya da aka lura da su a arewacin Ghana sun shafi amfanin gona, kasa, ko kuma sun shafi ayyukan al'adu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6r&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Alhassan |first1=S. I. |last2=Shaibu |first2=M. T. |last3=Kuwornu |first3=J. K. M. |last4=Damba |first4=O. T. |title=Factors Influencing Farmers' Awareness and Choice of Indigenous Practices in Adapting to Climate Change and Variability in Northern Ghana |journal=West African Journal of Applied Ecology |date=2018 |volume=26 |pages=1–13 |url=https://www.ajol.info/index.php/wajae/article/view/182462 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Daidaitawar aikin noma na dogaro da dabbobi sun hada da dabarun gargajiya kamar daidaita yawan abincin da ake ba dabbobi, adana isasshen abinci a lokacin wadata don ciyar da dabbobi a lokacin rani, warkar da raunuka da maganin da aka yi da bawon wasu bishiyoyi, da kuma rike nau'ikan dabbobi na gida wadanda riga suka saba da yanayin arewacin Ghana;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|chapter=Perceptions and Determinants of the Adoption of Indigenous Strategies for Adaptation to Climate Change: Evidence from Smallholder Livestock Farmers, North-West Ghana |editor= Kuwornu, J. K. M. |title=Climate Change in Sub-saharan Africa: The vulnerability and adaptation of food supply chains actors |author1=Shaibu, M. T. |author2=Alhassan, I. S. |author3=Avornyo, F. K. |author4=Lawson, E. T. |author5=Mensah, A. |author6=Gordon, C.|publisher=Vernon Press|year=2019|pages=223–240}}&lt;/ref&gt; da fasahoyin samar da dabbobi da suka hada da kiwo, lafiya, abinci/mai gina jiki, da kuma wurin kwana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fao.org/4/v8180t/v8180t0y.htm|title=A classification of livestock production systems|website=www.fao.org|accessdate=4 August 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Zabi da kuma amfani da dabarun daidaitawa sun dogara ne a matakai daban-daban a kan abubuwan da suka shafi alkaluman jama'a (demographic factors) kamar girman iyali, shekaru, jinsi, da ilimin shugaban iyali; abubuwan tattalin arziki kamar tushen kudin shiga; girman gona; ilimi game da zabukan daidaitawa; da kuma tsammanin abubuwan da za su faru a nan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Apata, T. G.|date=2011|title=Factors influencing the perception and choice of adaptation measures to climate change among farmers in Nigeria. Evidence from farm households in Southwest Nigeria|journal=Environmental Economics|volume=2|issue=4|pages=74–83}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Matakan karba-da-daidaitawa a Gabashin Afirka ===

A Gabashin Afirka zabukan daidaitawa sun bambanta, ciki har da inganta amfani da bayanan yanayi, ayyuka a fannin aikin noma da kiwon dabbobi, da kuma fannin albarkatun ruwa.

Yin amfani da ingantattun bayanan yanayi da na sararin samaniya, hasashen yanayi, da sauran kayan aikin gudanarwa yana ba da damar samun bayanai akan lokaci da kuma shirye-shiryen mutane a fannoni kamar aikin noma da ke dogaro da yanayi. Wannan yana nufin kwarewa a kan bayanan ruwa da yanayi (hydro-meteorological information) da tsarin gargadi na dauri.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Snow|first1=John|url=https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/librarypage/climate-and-disaster-resilience-/weather-and-climate-systems---africa.html|title=A New Vision for Weather and Climate Services in Africa|date=28 October 2016|publisher=UNDP}}&lt;/ref&gt; An bayyana cewa al'ummomin gargajiya suna da ilimi a kan canje-canjen yanayi na tarihi ta hanyar alamun muhalli (misali bayyana da kuma hijirar wasu tsuntsaye, malam buɗe-littafi da sauransu), don haka inganta ilimin gargajiya an dauke shi a matsayin muhimmiyar dabarar daidaitawa.

Daidaitawa a fannin aikin noma&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.epa.gov/regulatory-information-sector/agriculture-sectors-crop-naics-111-and-animal-naics-112|title=Agriculture Sectors: Crop (NAICS 111) and Animal (NAICS 112)|date=22 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya kunshi kara amfani da taki na takin gargajiya da taki na musamman don amfanin gona, amfani da nau'ikan amfanin gona masu juriya da kuma amfanin gona masu nuna da wuri. Taki na gargajiya, musamman takin dabbobi, ana tunanin yana rike da ruwa kuma yana da kwayoyin cuta (microbes) masu mahimmanci wadanda ke fasa abubuwan gina jiki don samar da su ga tsirrai, idan aka kwatanta da takin zamani wanda ke da sinadarai wadanda lokacin da aka sake su ga muhalli saboda yawan amfani da su ke fitar da iskar gas mai dumama yanayi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Biological Manipulation of Manure: Getting What You Want from Animal Manure|url=https://extension.psu.edu/biological-manipulation-of-manure-getting-what-you-want-from-animal-manure|access-date=2020-11-24|website=Penn State Extension|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; babban rauni daya na fannin aikin noma a Gabashin Afirka shi ne dogaro da aikin noma na ruwan sama.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite report |last1=Hengsdijk |first1=H. |last2=Smit |first2=A. a. M. F. R. |last3=Conijn |first3=J. G. |last4=Rutgers |first4=B. |last5=Biemans |first5=H. |title=Agricultural crop potentials and water use in East Africa |date=2014 |publisher=Plant Research International |oclc=880257653 }}{{page needed|date=January 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mafita ta daidaitawa ita ce ingantaccen tsarin ban ruwa da ingantaccen tsarin adana ruwa da amfani da shi. Noman ban ruwa na digo (drip irrigation) an gano shi musamman a matsayin wani zabi mai kiyaye ruwa domin yana tura ruwa kai tsaye zuwa tushen shuka tare da karancin barna. Kasashe kamar Rwanda da Kenya sun ba da fifiko wajen samar da wuraren ban ruwa ta hanyar amfani da tsarin ruwa na magudanar juriya daga koramu da koguna na din-din-din a yankunan da ke fuskantar barazanar fari mai tsawo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Republic of Rwanda|title=NAPA-RWANDA|url=https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/napa/rwa01e.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lokacin da aka yi ruwan sama mai karfi, yankuna da dama suna fuskantar ambaliyar ruwa sakamakon filaye marasa gashi saboda sare bishiyoyi da karancin ciyayi a kasa. Dabarun daidaitawa da aka duba don wannan shi ne inganta kokarin kiyaye kariya ga kasa, ta hanyar dasa bishiyoyi na gida, kare wuraren dake rike da ruwa da kuma gudanar da filayen kiwo ta hanyar rarraba shiyyoyi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=Abuya|first1=Robina|last2=Said|first2=Mohammed|last3=Atela|first3=Joanes|last4=Muhwanga|first4=Joseph|last5=Moiko|first5=Stephen|last6=Atieno|first6=Fred|last7=Ndiritu|first7=Simon|year=2019|title=Contexualising Pathways to Resilience in Kenya's ASALs under the Big Four Agenda|url=http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/kmt-prise-project/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808104609/http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/kmt-prise-project/|archive-date=8 August 2019|access-date=8 August 2019|website=Kenya Markets Trust}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ga fannin kiwon dabbobi, zabukan daidaitawa sun kunshi gudanar da samarwa ta hanyar dorewar gudanar da kasa da makiyaya a cikin tsarin muhalli. Wannan ya kunshi inganta hanyoyin samar da ciyawa da abincin dabbobi misali ta hanyar ban ruwa da amfani da ruwan da aka tace daga kazanta, da kuma mayar da hankali kan zuba jari wajen adana ciyawa don amfani da ita a lokacin rani. Kula da dabbobi ana daukarsa ne a matsayin hanyar rayuwa maimakon aikin tattalin arziki. A duk fadin kasashen Gabashin Afirka musamman a yankunan busassun filaye (ASALs), an bayyana cewa inganta sayar da dabbobi a matsayin kasuwanci wani zabi ne na daidaitawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Political Economy Analysis of Kenya's Livestock Sector (Abridged Version)|url=http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/political-economy-analysis-of-kenyas-livestock-sector-abridged-version/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808104609/http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/political-economy-analysis-of-kenyas-livestock-sector-abridged-version/|archive-date=8 August 2019|access-date=8 August 2019|website=Kenya Markets Trust}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Wannan ya kunshi amfani da tsarin tattalin arziki wajen samar da abincin dabbobi, gano asalin dabbobi, inganta bukatar kayayyakin dabbobi kamar nama, madara da fata da kuma hadawa da kasuwanni na musamman don inganta kasuwanci da samar da kudin shiga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Kenya Meat End-Market Trends Study|url=http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/kenya-meat-end-market-trends-study/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808104612/http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/kenya-meat-end-market-trends-study/|archive-date=8 August 2019|access-date=8 August 2019|website=Kenya Markets Trust}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A fannin albarkatun ruwa, zabukan sun hada da ingantaccen amfani da ruwa ga gidaje, dabbobi da amfani na masana'antu da kuma kare hanyoyin samun ruwa. Kamfen kamar dasa bishiyoyi na gida a wuraren da ke rike da ruwa, sarrafa ayyukan bil'adama kusa da wuraren rike da ruwa musamman aikin noma da matsugunai an gudanar da su don taimakawa wajen kare albarkatun ruwa da kuma samar da damar samun ruwa ga al'ummomi musamman lokacin matsalolin yanayi.

'''Kwamoras''' – &quot;NAPA ita ce fadada aiki na Takardar Dabarun Rage Talauci (PRSP), domin ta kunshi a cikin abubuwan da ta sanya a gaba na daidaitawa, aikin noma, kamun kifi, ruwa, gidaje, lafiya, har ma da yawon bude ido, ta hanyar da ba kai tsaye ba, ta hanyar sake gina gangaren kwatami da yaki da zaftarewar kasa, don haka kiyaye duwatsun karkashin teku ta hanyar takaita tabo da ke fitowa daga kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=National Action Programme of Adaptation to climate change (NAPA)|url=http://www.preventionweb.net/files/8507_com01e.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;&quot;

'''Kenya''' ta kafa Dokar Canjin Yanayi ta shekarar 2016 wadda ta kafa hukuma don kula da ci gaba, gudanarwa, aiwatarwa da kuma tsara hanyoyin inganta juriya ga canjin yanayi da ci gaba mai karancin carbon don ci gaba mai dorewa, ta hanyar Gwamnatocin Kasa da na Sassa (Counties), kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, kungiyoyin farar hula, da sauran masu ruwa da tsaki. Kenya ta kuma samar da Tsarin Aikin Canjin Yanayi na Kasa (NCCAP 2018–2022 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223062046/http://www.kcckp.go.ke/nccap-ii-2018-2022/ |date=23 December 2019 }}''')''' wanda ke da nufin ci gaba da manufofin ci gaban kasar ta hanyar samar da hanyoyi da matakai don cimma ci gaba mai juriya ga yanayi mai karancin carbon a hanyar da ta ba da fifiko ga daidaitawa.

=== Matakan karba-da-daidaitawa a Tsakiyar Afirka ===
'''Angola''' – &quot;Manufar Shirye-shiryen Ayyuka na Kasa na Karba-da-daidaitawa ita ce gano tare da isar da gaggawa da bukatun kasar nan take game da daidaitawa ga canjin yanayi, don kara juriya ga Angola ga sauyin yanayi da canjin yanayi don tabbatar da nasarar shirye-shiryen rage talauci, manufofin ci gaba mai dorewa da kuma Manufofin Ci Gaban Karni da Gwamnati ke bi.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{citation |title=Analysis of Human Rights Language in the Cancun Agreements UNFCCC 16th Session of the Conference of the Parties|doi=10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-9986-0022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Matakan karba-da-daidaitawa a Kudancin Afirka ===
An gudanar da tsare-tsare da dama a matakin gida (takamaiman wurare), matakin kasa da na shiyya da nufin karfafa juriya ga canjin yanayi. Wasu daga cikin wadannan sun hada da: Shirin Canjin Yanayi na Shiyya (RCCP),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Regional Climate Change Programme, Southern Africa|website=OneWorld|url=https://oneworldgroup.co.za/oneworld-projects/southern-african-regional-climate-change-programme-rccp/|access-date=8 August 2019|archive-date=8 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808044011/https://oneworldgroup.co.za/oneworld-projects/southern-african-regional-climate-change-programme-rccp/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; SASSCAL,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=SASSCAL – Southern African Science Service Centre for Climate Change and Adaptive Land Management|url=http://www.sasscal.org/|access-date=8 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; ASSAR,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions|url=http://www.assar.uct.ac.za/|access-date=8 August 2019|website=www.assar.uct.ac.za}}&lt;/ref&gt; Karba-da-daidaitawa ga Canjin Yanayi na UNDP,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Southern Africa |website=UNDP Climate Change Adaptation |url=https://www.adaptation-undp.org/explore/southern-africa|access-date=8 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808131738/https://www.adaptation-undp.org/explore/southern-africa |archive-date=2019-08-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; RESILIM,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Risk, Vulnerability &amp; Resilience in the Limpopo River basin: Climate Change, water and biodiversity – a synthesis|publisher=OneWorld|year=2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Resilience in the Limpopo Basin (RESILIM) Program|publisher=Chemonics International Inc|year=2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; FRACTAL.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=FRACTAL — Future Resilience for African CiTies And Lands|url=http://www.fractal.org.za/|access-date=8 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Afirka ta Kudu ta aiwatar da Babban Shirin Bincike na Hanyoyin Daidaitawa na Dogon Lokaci (LTAS) daga watan Afrilu 2012 zuwa Yuni 2014. Wannan binciken ya kuma samar da takardun gaskiya da rahoton fasaha da ya shafi yankin SADC mai taken &quot;Climate Change Adaptation: Perspectives for the Southern African Development Community (SADC)&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://www.environment.gov.za/sites/default/files/reports/ltasfactsheet_perspectiveforSADC.pdf|title=Climate change adaptation: Southern African Development Community (SADC)|access-date=8 March 2021|archive-date=24 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124013002/https://www.environment.gov.za/sites/default/files/reports/ltasfactsheet_perspectiveforSADC.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Madagascar''' – fannonin da aka ba wa fifiko don daidaitawa sune: aikin noma da kiwon dabbobi, gandun daji, lafiyar jama'a, albarkatun ruwa da yankunan gabar teku.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Madagascar|url=http://www.ldc-climate.org/country/madagascar/|website=LDC Climate Change |date=6 January 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Malawi''' – NAPA ta gano abubuwa masu zuwa a matsayin ayyuka mafi fifiko don daidaitawa: &quot;Inganta juriyar al'umma ga canjin yanayi ta hanyar samar da dorewar hanyoyin rayuwa a karkara, Maido da gandun daji a Upper da Lower Shire Valleys don rage daskarewar kasa da matsalolin kwararar ruwa da ke tattare da hakan, Inganta ayyukan gona a karkashin ruwan sama mara tabbas da sauye-sauyen yanayi, Inganta shirin Malawi don fuskantar fari da ambaliyar ruwa, da kuma Inganta sanya idanu kan yanayi don bunkasa karfin gargadin dauri na Malawi da yanke shawara da kuma dorewar amfani da albarkatun Tafkin Malawi da yankunan gabar tafkin&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=REPUBLIC OF MALAWI. MALAWI'S NATIONAL ADAPTATION PROGRAMMES OF ACTION (NAPA) ..|url=http://www.unfccc.int/resource/docs/napa/mwi01.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;&quot;. Kuma a cewar Rahoton Yanayi da Ci Gaban Kasa (CCDR) na Bankin Duniya na Malawi, kasar za ta iya &quot;daukar matakai don kaddamar da zuba jari a cikin ababen more rayuwa masu juriya ga yanayi da kuma dakatar da lalacewar kasa da asarar gandun daji don inganta yawan aikin gona da kama carbon&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Climate-Informed Economic Development Key to Malawi's Future Growth and Resilience |website=World Bank |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2022/10/27/climate-informed-economic-development-key-to-malawi-s-future-growth-and-resilience}}&lt;/ref&gt;&quot;

'''Mauritius''' – yakamata daidaitawa ta mayar da hankali kan fannoni masu fifiko kamar haka: albarkatun gabar teku, aikin noma, albarkatun ruwa, kamun kifi, lafiya da jin dadin rayuwa, canjin amfanin kasa da gandun daji da kuma rayuwun halittu daban-daban.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mauritius |website=UNDP Climate Change Adaptation|date=27 November 2018 |url=https://www.adaptation-undp.org/explore/eastern-africa/mauritius|access-date=8 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Mozambique''' – &quot;Tsare-tsaren daidaitawa da aka gabatar sun shafi fannoni daban-daban na ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa, kuma sun bayyana ayyukan da suka shafi rage tasirin bala'o'i, samar da matakan daidaitawa ga canjin yanayi, yaki da zaftarewar kasa a yankunan da ke da matsananciyar kwararar hamada da yankunan gabar teku, dasa bishiyoyi da kuma gudanar da albarkatun ruwa.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mozambique National Adaptation Programs of Action (NAPA) |website=Climate and Development Learning Platform|url=https://www.climatelearningplatform.org/mozambique-national-adaptation-programme-action-napa|access-date=2019-08-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&quot;

'''Rwanda''' ta samar da Shirin Aiki na Kasa na Karba-da-daidaitawa (NAPA 2006) wanda ke dauke da bayanai don jagorantar masu tsara manufofi na kasa da masu tsara shirye-shirye a kan matsaloli masu fifiko da daidaitawa a fannonin tattalin arziki masu mahimmanci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=January 2012|journal=USAID|title=Climate Change Adaptation in Rwanda|url=https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/rwanda_adaptation_fact_sheet_jan2012.pdf|access-date=2026-06-09|archive-date=2022-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207011141/https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/rwanda_adaptation_fact_sheet_jan2012.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kasar ta kuma samar da manufofi na sassa daban-daban kan daidaitawa ga canjin yanayi kamar Vision 2020, Manufar Muhalli ta Kasa da Manufar Aikin Noma da sauransu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Ochieng|first1=Cosmas|title=Climate Change Adaptation in Rwanda's Agricultural Sector: A Case Study from Kirehe District, Eastern Province|last2=Khaemba|first2=Winnie|last3=Mwaniki|first3=Ruchathi|last4=Kimotho|first4=Stephen|date=September 2017|publisher=Defending the Voiceless - Climate and Environmental Justice in Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Tanzania''' – Tanzania ta bayyana matakan daidaitawa masu fifiko a cikin NAPA dakarunta, da dabarun sassa na kasa daban-daban da kuma sakamakon bincike.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=USAID|title=Climate Change Adaptation in Tanzania|url=https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/tanzania_adaptation_fact_sheet_jan2012.pdf|journal=USAID|access-date=2026-06-09|archive-date=2021-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231235521/https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/tanzania_adaptation_fact_sheet_jan2012.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; NAPA ta yi nasarar karfafa sanya batun canjin yanayi a cikin manufofin sassa a Tanzania; sai dai kuma, hadin gwiwar sassa daban-daban da ke da muhimmanci wajen aiwatar da dabarun daidaitawa ya kasance mai iyaka saboda kalubalen hukumomi kamar rashin daidaiton iko, karancin kasafi da kuma tsarin tsuke fuska na sassa.&lt;ref name=&quot;date&quot; /&gt; Mafi yawancin ayyukan a Tanzania sun shafi aikin noma da gudanar da albarkatun ruwa (ban ruwa, kiyaye ruwa, taran ruwan sama); sai dai kuma, makamashi da yawon bude ido su ma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=United Republic of Tanzania |website=UNDP Climate Change Adaptation|url= https://www.adaptation-undp.org/explore/eastern-africa/united-republic-tanzania|access-date=8 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Zambia''' – &quot;NAPA ta gano bukatun gaggawa na daidaitawa guda 39 da kuma fannoni guda 10 masu fifiko a cikin sassan aikin noma da samar da abinci (kiwon dabbobi, kamun kifi da amfanin gona), makamashi da ruwa, lafiyar bil'adama, albarkatun kasa da namun daji.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=National Adaptation Programme of Action on Climate Change (Zambia) |website=The REDD Desk|url=http://www.theredddesk.org/countries/plans/national-adaptation-programme-action-climate-change-zambia|access-date=2019-08-08 |archive-date=2019-08-29|url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829030222/http://theredddesk.org/countries/plans/national-adaptation-programme-action-climate-change-zambia}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Zimbabwe''' – &quot;Sauran matakan dabarun da tsarin NAP zai dauka sune: Karfafa rawar da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu ke takawa wajen tsara daidaitawa, Habaka karfin Gwamnati na samar da ayyukan da bankuna za su iya ba da kudi ta hanyar horarwa, Inganta gudanar da bayanan baya na yanayi don sanar da tsara canjin yanayi, Tsara dabarun tattara albarkatu na gaba don gano asali da neman kudaden tallafin yanayi na kasa da kasa tunda bukatar kudi a halin yanzu ta kasance mafi yawanci bayan abu ya faru, tare da mayar da hankali kan agajin gaggawa maimakon rage hadarin canjin yanayi, shiri da daidaitawa, Samar da daidaitaccen tsarin sa ido da manufofin kimantawa ga shirye-shirye da ayyuka, tunda hukumomi da dama a cikin gwamnati ba su da tsari na bai-daya na sa ido da kimantawa a halin yanzu.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Roadmap for Zimbabwe|url=http://www.napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/napgn-en-2019-nap-roadmap-for-zimbabwe.pdf |website=NAP Global Network |date=April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Lesotho''' – &quot;Babban burin tsarin NAPA sun kunshi: gano al'ummomi da hanyoyin rayuwa da suka fi fuskantar barazana ga canjin yanayi, samar da jerin ayyukan da za su samar da tushen shirin aiki na kasa na karba-da-daidaitawa, da kuma isar da gaggawa da bukatun kasar nan take da kuma abubuwan da suka sa gaba domin gina karfin daidaitawa ga canjin yanayi.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.adaptation-undp.org/sites/default/files/downloads/lso_napa.pdf|title=Lesotho's National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) on Climate Change|accessdate=4 August 2024|archive-date=6 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006210644/https://www.adaptation-undp.org/sites/default/files/downloads/lso_napa.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&quot;

'''Namibia''' – muhimman batutuwa na daidaitawa sune &quot;Samar da abinci da dorewar tushen albarkatun halittu, Dorewar tushen albarkatun ruwa, Lafiyar bil'adama da jin dadin rayuwa gami da bunkasa ababen more rayuwa.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |doi=10.1163/9789004322714_cclc_2017-0228-011 |title=Youth Files Climate Case with India's Environmental Court |oclc=1312587857 |date=2017 |publisher=Our Children's Trust }}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Afirka ta Kudu''' ta amince a watan Agusta 2020 da Dabarunta na Kasa na Karba-da-daidaitawa ga Canjin Yanayi, wanda &quot;ke aiki a matasayin tattaunawa ta bai-daya don kokarin daidaitawa ga canjin yanayi a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma yana samar da tsari inda za a iya bayyana manufofin daidaitawa ga canjin yanayi na kasa don samar da jagoranci ga dukkan sassan tattalin arziki.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 August 2020 |title=South Africa's National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy approved |url=https://www.dffe.gov.za/mediarelease/nationalclimatechange_adaptationstrategy_ue10november19 |website=Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries}}&lt;/ref&gt;&quot;

== Ilimin gargajiya da sabbin dabarun cikin gida ==
Yayin da manyan shirye-shiryen gwamnati da asusun kasa da kasa ke tafiyar da manyan manufofin sauyin yanayi, al'ummomin yau da kullum a fadin Afirka sun dogara kacokan ga ilimin yanayin kasa na gargajiya (TEK) domin tsira&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Antwi-Agyei |first1=Philip |last2=Nyantakyi-Frimpong |first2=Hanson |date=2021-01-27 |title=Evidence of Climate Change Coping and Adaptation Practices by Smallholder Farmers in Northern Ghana |journal=Sustainability |language=en |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=1308 |doi=10.3390/su13031308 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2021Sust...13.1308A |issn=2071-1050}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Wannan wani sashi ne na fahimta, fasaha, da falsafar da al'ummomin gida suka bunkasa danyen daruruwan shekaru ta hanyar saduwa kai tsaye da dabi'a. Wadannan ayyuka da aka gwada cikin lokaci suna ba mutane hanyoyi masu amfani na cikin gida don hango yanayi, adana ruwa, da kuma kiyaye aikin gona da rai duk da sauyin yanayi.

=== Hasashen yanayi na gargajiya ===
Tun kafin zuwan wayoyin salula da manhajojin yanayi na zamani, al'ummomin manoma da makiyaya na karkara sun yi amfani da nasu hanyoyin na hango yanayi. Masana na cikin gida suna lura da alamun dabi'a da kyau don hango fari ko mamakon ruwan sama, kamar:

* Hanyoyin hijira na ba-zata na tsuntsayen gida.
* Takamaiman lokaci na shekara da wasu bishiyoyi ke fara fure.
* Sauye-sauyen jagorancin iska da bayyanar taurari da daddare.

Alal misali, kungiyoyin makiyaya a Gabashin Afirka suna kallon yadda dabbobinsu ke nuna hali sannan suna bin diddigin zirga-zirgar namun daji don yanke shawarar hanyoyin da za su bi, domin tabbatar da cewa dabbobinsu sun sami ruwa da ciyawa a lokacin fari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Alemayehu |first1=Dejene |last2=Hizkeal |first2=Yitebarek |date=2022-06-30 |title=The Relevance and Practices of Indigenous Weather Forecasting Knowledge among the Gabra Pastoralists of Southern Ethiopia |url=https://www.jaeid.it/index.php/jaeid/article/view/12295 |journal=Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development (JAEID) |volume=116 |issue=1 |pages=59–76 |doi=10.36253/jaeid-12295 |issn=2240-2802}}&lt;/ref&gt; A yau, masana kimiyya suna fahimtar cewa hada wadannan alamun gargajiya da kimiyyar yanayi na zamani yana haifar da gargaɗin da manoman gida ke amincewa da shi kuma suke amfani da shi.

=== Dabarun adana kasa da ruwa ===
A yankunan da ke fuskantar fadada kwararar hamada da ruwan sama maras tabbas, al'ummomi sun dawo da dabarun sarrafa filaye na da can masu dabarun gaske.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Salack |first1=Seyni |last2=Sanfo |first2=Safiétou |last3=Sidibe |first3=Moussa |last4=Daku |first4=Elidaa K. |last5=Camara |first5=Ibrahima |last6=Dieng |first6=Mame Diarra Bousso |last7=Hien |first7=Koufanou |last8=Torou |first8=Bio Mohamadou |last9=Ogunjobi |first9=Kehinde O. |last10=Sangare |first10=Sheick Ahmed Khalil S. B. |last11=Kouame |first11=Konan Raoul |last12=Koffi |first12=Yao Bernard |last13=Liersch |first13=Stefan |last14=Savadogo |first14=Moumini |last15=Giannini |first15=Alessandra |date=2022-10-25 |title=Low-cost adaptation options to support green growth in agriculture, water resources, and coastal zones |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=17898 |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-22331-9 |issn=2045-2322 |pmc=9596419 |pmid=36284114 |bibcode=2022NatSR..1217898S }}&lt;/ref&gt; A yankin Sahel, musamman a Burkina Faso da Nijar, manoma suna amfani da tsohuwar dabarar hakar kasa da ake kira '''Zaï'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Citation |last1=L. Woomer |first1=Paul |title=Blending Climate Action and Rural Development in Africa's Sahel |date=2023-03-29 |work=Sustainable Rural Development Perspective and Global Challenges |editor-last=Özçatalbaş |editor-first=Orhan |url=https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/81496 |access-date=2026-06-06 |publisher=IntechOpen |language=en |doi=10.5772/intechopen.103817 |isbn=978-1-80355-420-4 |last2=Roobroeck |first2=Dries |last3=Yelognisse Alia |first3=Didier}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Maimakon yin huda a fili madaidanci, manoma suna gina ramuka masu zurfi a cikin kasa mai tauraro sannan su cika kasan da abubuwan gina jiki na dabi'a kamar takin gargajiya (takin dabba). Wannan tsari mai dabarun gaske yana yin abubuwa guda biyu: yana kama kowane digo na ruwan sama da ba a cika samunsa ba, sannan takin yana janyo gara, wadanda ke hakar rami a karkashin kasa da ke sanyaya kasar da ke da tauraro ta dabi'a domin saiwar shuka ta iya girma.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Manoma kuma suna gina ganyayen duwatsu wadangan katanga ne na duwatsu marasa tsawo da ake jerawa a kan magudanar ruwa na dabi'a na tuddansu. Lokacin da aka yi ruwan sama na ba-zata kuma mai karfi, wadannan layukan duwatsu suna rage gudu ga ruwan da ke gudu da karfi, suna hana shi wanke saman kasa mai kyau da ke dauke da abinci sannan suna ba ruwan lokacin da zai taba cikin kasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; A kudanci da gabashin Afirka, al'ummomi suna amfani da dabarun aikin gona na dabi'a tare da bishiyoyi ta hanyar ajiye takamaiman bishiyoyi, kamar Faidherbia albida, daidai a cikin gonakin amfanin gona. Wadannan bishiyoyi suna zubar da ganye a lokacin damina sannan su fito da su a lokacin rani, ma'ana ba sa toshe hasken rana daga samun amfanin gona; maimakon haka, suna kara abinci ga kasa ta dabi'a kuma suna rage yanayin zafi na kasa lokacin tsananin zafi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Haskett |first1=Jonathan D. |last2=Simane |first2=Belay |last3=Smith |first3=Caitlin |date=2019-11-01 |title=Energy and Climate Change Mitigation Benefits of Faidherbia albida Agroforestry in Ethiopia |journal=Frontiers in Environmental Science |volume=7 |article-number=146 |doi=10.3389/fenvs.2019.00146 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2019FrEnS...7..146H |issn=2296-665X}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Banbancen amfanin gona da adana iri ===
Domin tabbatar da cewa ba su rasa dukkan abincinsu ba a lokacin dogon fari, manoman gida suna aiki kamar nasu masana kimiyya ta hanyar adana irin amfanin gona na gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Aniah |first1=Philip |last2=Kaunza-Nu-Dem |first2=Millar Katherine |last3=Ayembilla |first3=Joseph A. |date=April 2019 |title=Smallholder farmers' livelihood adaptation to climate variability and ecological changes in the savanna agro ecological zone of Ghana |journal=Heliyon |language=en |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=e01492 |doi=10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01492 |doi-access=free |pmc=6479268 |pmid=31049426 |bibcode=2019Heliy...501492A }}&lt;/ref&gt; Irin amfanin gona na kasuwanci na zamani galibi suna buƙatar cikakken adadin ruwa da takin zamani masu tsada don su tsira. Sabanin haka, amfanin gona na gargajiya kamar geryo, dawa, da rari sun saba danyen daruruwan shekaru don jure fari da kwari ta dabi'a.

Al'ummomi suna gudanar da bankunan adana iri na cikin gida don raba wadannan ire-iren amfanin gona masu juriya da juna ta yadda kowa zai kasance yana da amfanin gona da ya dace da sauyin yanayin gidansu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Antwi-Agyei |first1=Philip |last2=Nyantakyi-Frimpong |first2=Hanson |date=2021-01-27 |title=Evidence of Climate Change Coping and Adaptation Practices by Smallholder Farmers in Northern Ghana |journal=Sustainability |language=en |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=1308 |doi=10.3390/su13031308 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2021Sust...13.1308A |issn=2071-1050}}&lt;/ref&gt; Suna kuma yin aikin hada shuka (intercropping), wato nufin dasa amfanin gona daban-daban daidai kusa da juna, kamar masara da wake.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Waken mai ganye yana sanyaya kasar don kiyaye damshinta, yana tabbatar da cewa ko da masarar ta mutu saboda zafi, iyalai har yanzu suna da madadin amfanin gona da zasu girbe.

== Al'umma da al'ada ==

=== Rashin daidaito a binciken sauyin yanayi ===
Duk da cewa Afirka na daya daga cikin nahiyoyin da sauyin yanayi zai fi shafa, rashin daidaito na tsari da sauran son kai da ke da alaka da binciken kimiyya da tallafi na nufin cewa kadan ne kawai daga cikin kimiyyar da aka wallafa game da sauyin yanayi da tallafin binciken sauyin yanayi ke zuwa ga masana kimiyyar Afirka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Carbon Brief-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=5 October 2021|title=Analysis: The lack of diversity in climate-science research|url=https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-the-lack-of-diversity-in-climate-science-research|access-date=2021-11-15|website=Carbon Brief|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani bincike da aka gudanar kan kudaden bincike daga shekarar 1990 zuwa 2020 na sauyin yanayi, ya gano cewa kashi 78% na kudaden bincike kan sauyin yanayi a Afirka an kashe su ne a cibiyoyin Turai da Arewacin Amurka, kuma an kashe kudade da dama ga tsoffin kasashen da Burtaniya ta yi wa mulkin mallaka fiye da sauran kasashe.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Overland |first1=Indra |last2=Fossum Sagbakken |first2=Haakon |last3=Isataeva |first3=Aidai |last4=Kolodzinskaia |first4=Galina |last5=Simpson |first5=Nicholas Philip |last6=Trisos |first6=Christopher |last7=Vakulchuk |first7=Roman |title=Funding flows for climate change research on Africa: where do they come from and where do they go? |journal=Climate and Development |date=14 September 2022 |volume=14 |issue=8 |pages=705–724 |doi=10.1080/17565529.2021.1976609 |s2cid=244210557 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022CliDe..14..705O |hdl=11250/2832233 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan tsari na parachute science (binciken saukar lafima), a daya bangaren yana hana masu bincike na cikin gida gudanar da ayyuka masu muhimmanci saboda ba su da tallafin kudi na gudanar da bincike na gwaje-gwaje, sannan yana rage zuba jari ga dabarun masu bincike na cikin gida da kuma batutuwa masu muhimmanci ga kasashen Kudancin Duniya (Global South), kamar dabarun juriya da sauyin yanayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Carbon Brief-2021&quot; /&gt;

Kimanin dorewar ci gaba na gaskiya yana da wahala saboda rashin tsarin zuba jari mai dorewa, da kuma karancin bayanai da iyakancewar damar gudanarwa. A halin yanzu, kasa da rabin manyan asusun fansho na Afirka ne ke bayar da rahoton bayanai kan manufofin dorewa da yadda ake aiwatar da su.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author1=European Investment Bank |title=Unlocking Sustainable Private Sector Growth in the Middle East and North Africa |date=2022 |isbn=978-92-861-5220-7 |hdl=20.500.12657/57821 |doi=10.1596/37601 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |s2cid=250211092 }}{{page needed|date=January 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EIB-2023&quot;/&gt;

Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Kasuwanci da Ci gaba - Ma'aikatan Kasa da Kasa na Kididdiga da Rahoto (UNCTAD-ISAR) ta kafa Kungiyar Hadin Gwiwar Yankin Afirka don Dorewa da Rahoton SDG a shekarar 2022. Hadin gwiwar yana da mambobi 53 ya zuwa watan Maris na shekarar 2023, ciki har da cibiyoyin sadarwa na kasa na nauyin da ya rataya a wuyan kamfanoni ga al'umma da/ko ma'aikatun gwamnati daga kasashen Afirka 27.&lt;ref name=&quot;EIB-2023&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=African Regional Partnership meeting on sustainability and SDG reporting |website=UN Trade and Development |url=https://unctad.org/isar/meeting/african-regional-partnership-meeting-sustainability-and-sdg-reporting |access-date=2023-10-31 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=UNCTAD ANNUAL REPORT 2022 |url=https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/osg2023d1_en.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}

== Mahaɗu ==
{{Commons category|Climate change in Africa}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20231005135809/https://futureclimateafrica.org/ Future Climate For Africa programme]
* [https://www.uneca.org/acpc African Climate Policy Centre] (ACCP) goal is to contribute to poverty reduction through successful mitigation and adaptation to climate change in Africa and to improve the capacity of African countries to participate effectively in multilateral climate negotiations.
* [https://www.amma2050.org/ African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis 2050] (AMMA-2050) aim to address the challenges of understanding how the monsoon will change in future decades, to 2050, and how this information can be most effectively used to support climate-compatible development in the region.
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20161113010948/http://cariaa.net/home-0 Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia]}} (CARIAA) builds resilience by supporting collaborative research on climate change adaptation to inform adaptation policy and practice.
* [https://wascal.org/ West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use] (WASCAL) is a research-focused Climate Service Centre designed to help tackle this challenge and thereby enhance the resilience of human and environmental systems to climate change and increased variability in West Africa.</text>
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    <title>Dawakin Tofa Science College</title>
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'''Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Dawakin Tofa''' na ɗaya daga cikin makarantun sakandare [[Gwamnatin Jihar Kano|na musamman waɗanda Gwamnatin Jihar Kano]], [[Nijeriya]] ke bayarwa don horar da ƙwararrun ɗalibai a fannin kimiyya da kuma samar wa jihar ƙwararrun likitoci da injiniyoyi. Sauran kwalejojin sun hada da: Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Dawakin Kudu, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Maitama Sule Gaya,Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Day ta Kano,Kwalejin Kimiyya ta 'Yan Mata ta Garko,Kwalejin Gwamna ta Kano.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= http://datsosa2000.weebly.com/alma-mater/history-of-dawakin-tofa-science-college-kano-state1|date= 25 October 2015|accessdate= 31 August 2023|publisher= Weebly.com|title= HISTORY OF DAWAKIN TOFA SCIENCE COLLEGE KANO STATE|last= Jatau Kunya|first= Ibrahim|language= en|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231110100030/http://datsosa2000.weebly.com/alma-mater/history-of-dawakin-tofa-science-college-kano-state1|archive-date= 10 November 2023|url-status= dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Asalin sunanta==
Tun daga shekara ta 2015 an ƙaddara cewa itace mafi kyawun makarantar sakandare mallakar gwamnati a cikin jihar Kano ta Najeriya. Sunan farko na kwalejin shine SCIENCE SECONDARY SCHOOL DAWAKIN TOFA.

==Tsofaffin Ɗaliban Makarantar==
Fitattun ɗaliban da aka yaye a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Dawakin Tofa sun haɗa da ƙwararru da kuma fitattun mutane a fannoni daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin fitattun Mutanen da sukayi makarantar sune:
# Farfesa Sarki Abba Abdulkadir (Aji na 1984) - A halin yanzu Farfesa ne a fannin ilimin ''urology'' da ''Pathology'' a Jami'ar Arewa maso Yamma a Makarantar Magunguna ta Feinberg da ke [[Amurka]].
# Farfesa Ahmed Awaisu (A shekarar 1993) - A halin yanzu Farfesa ne na ''Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy'' a [[Jami'ar Qatar]].
# Alhaji Abdullahi Tijjani Gwarzo (Aji na 1980) - Tsohon Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kano, Najeriya, daga 2007 zuwa 2011.
# Alhaji Salisu Sagir Takai - Wanda yayi burin zama gwamnan jihar Kano a ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar PDP a shekarar 2015.
# [[Ali Nuhu]] (Ajin 1991) - Fitaccen jarumi da ya bayar da gudunmawa sosai a masana'antar fina-finan Hausa ta Kannywood da kuma Nollywood ( masana'antar fina-finan Najeriya ).

==Manazarta==
[[Category:Makarantu]]
[[Category:Makarantun Gwamnati]]
[[Category:Gine-gine]]
[[Category:Makarantun Najeriya]].</text>
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    <title>Fahad Al-Muwallad</title>
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[[File:Fahad Al-Muwallad.jpg|thumb|Fahad a filin wasa]]
[[File:Fahad Al-Muwallad 2018.jpg|thumb|Fahad sanye da rigar ƙasarsa Kindom of Saudi Arabia (K S A)]]
[[Fayil:Fahad Al-Muwallad.jpg|thumb|Fahad Al-Muwallad]]
'''Fahad Mosaed al-Muwallad''' ( {{Lang-ar|فهد المولد}}   , An haife shi ne a ranar 14 ga watan Satumban shekara ta 1994) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafa ta]] [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya da]] ke buga wa ƙungiyar [[Al-itthad|Al-ittihad]]. Ya fara aikin sa da Al-Ittihad yana ɗan shekara goma sha shida (16). A ranar 31 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2011 ya zura kwallo na biyu manufa domin [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]] da Croatia a shekarar 2011 U-20 gasar cin kofin [[duniya]] a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]], wanda alama ta farko da taba duniya burin a shekaru 16.  &lt;ref&gt;[http://msn.foxsports.com/foxsoccer/world/story/saudi-arabia-2-0-croatia-fifa-u-20-world-cup-recap-073111 Saudi Arabia opens with win over Croatia] Fox Sports, [[2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup|FIFA U-20 World Cup]].&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekara ta 2012 yayin da yake taka leda a ƙungiyar Al-Ittihad, ya shiga wasan ne a matsayin mai sauyawa a cikin mintuna 10 da suka gabata kuma ya ci kwallon da ta ci Guangzhou Evergrande FC don cancantar tare da tawagarsa zuwa Semi-final na AFC Champions League. Tare da Saudi Arabia, ya kuma ci kwallon da ta ci [[China]] a wasan cancantar cin Kofin [[Asiya]]. Allyari da kuma musamman ya kuma zura ƙwallo wanda ya tura Saudi Arabiya zuwa [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na shekarar 2018 a Rasha]],kuma an san shi da samun saurin kowane ɗan Asiya har abada.&lt;ref&gt;[http://deportesus.terra.com/sports/soccer/worldcup-u20/2011/noticias/0,,OI5273262-EI18322,00-Saudi+Arabia+shocks+Croatia+in+its+World+Cup+debut.html Saudi Arabia shocks Croatia 2–0] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101062038/http://deportesus.terra.com/sports/soccer/worldcup-u20/2011/noticias/0,,OI5273262-EI18322,00-Saudi+Arabia+shocks+Croatia+in+its+World+Cup+debut.html |date=1 November 2013 }} Terra.com&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://msn.foxsports.com/foxsoccer/world/story/saudi-arabia-2-0-croatia-fifa-u-20-world-cup-recap-073111 Saudi Arabia opens with win over Croatia] Fox Sports, [[2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup|FIFA U-20 World Cup]].&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Rayuwar farko da nasara ==
An haifi Fahad Al-Muwallad a [[Jidda]],a kasar [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabiya]] kuma tun yana ƙarami ya zama sananne sosai a matsayin shahararren ɗan wasan kwallon [[ƙafa]] a yankin. Daga nan sai wani ɗan wasan ƙungiyar ta [[Barcelona]] ya tunkareshi bayan ya ganshi ya sanya kyawawan halaye. Ya yi watsi da tayin sannan ya ci gaba da shiga ƙungiyar matasa ta Al-Ittihad daga shekara 6, ya yi aiki a kan sahu ya fara samun kulawar kafofin yaɗa labarai na ƙasa lokacin da ya fara atisaye tare da ƙungiyar farko a lokacin yanada shekaru 15. A ranar 7 ga watan Fabrairun a shekara ta 2012, yana ɗan shekara 16, Fahad al-Muwallad ya yi fito na fito da Al-Raed . Bayan buga ƙarin wasanni akai-akai a Saudi Professional League, Fahad ya shahara da saurin gudu da kuma ƙwarewar fasaha yayin nuna [[kwalliya]] a gaban raga.

== Klub din ==

=== Al-Ittihad ===

==== Lokacin 2012–13 ====
Fahad ya ci gaba da burgewa kuma a ranar 2 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, Fahad ya ci kwallon sa ta farko a kan Al-Raed a wasan da aka tashi 2-2. A lokacin kakar wasan shekara ta  2012/13, Fahad ya fara shahara a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan hazikan ƙwallon ƙafa na Asiya, bayan ya zira ƙwallaye da yawa ga Al-Ittihad daga reshe. Daga baya Fahad ya ƙara ɗaga hankalin kasashen duniya yayin da, yana ɗan shekara 17, ya zura ƙwallaye a raga a wasan kusa dana ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin zakarun [[turai]] da ƙungiyar Marcelo Lippi ta Guangzhou Evergrande wacce ta tura Al-Ittihad zuwa wasan kusa dana ƙarshe. Haka kuma Fahad ya haskaka gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai inda shi, na farko, ya zira kwallaye a wasan kusa dana karshe da Al-Ittihad ta doke Al-Fateh sannan kuma ya ci a wasan karshe a wasan da suka tashi 4-2 akan Al-Shabab da aka buga a gaban sama da 50,000 a filin. Filin wasa na Duniya Fahd . Daga baya an zabi Fahad a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai MVP (Mafi Ingantaccen Dan wasa) saboda haddar da yake yi a filin kwallon kafa a duk gasar. Fahad ya kammala kakar 2012/13 da kwallaye 10 masu ban sha'awa a wasanni 26 a duk gasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWC/2018/pdf/FWC_2018_SQUADLISTS.PDF |title=2018 FIFA World Cup Russia – List of Players |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association |date=4 June 2018 |access-date=10 June 2018 |archive-date=6 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206135930/https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWC/2018/pdf/FWC_2018_SQUADLISTS.PDF |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Lokacin 2013-14 ====
Fahad ya bude asusun sa na sabuwar kaka a wasan El-Clasico na Saudi Arabiya a cikin yanayi mai ban mamaki, inda ya saka Al-Ittihad a gaba bayan wayo ta hanyar kwallo daga hannun Saud Kariri . Koyaya Al-Ittihad ta ci wasan 5-2 a filin wasa na King Fahd International amma fahad din Fahad ya sami yabo daga manajan Al-Ittihad Beñat San José da masana. Daga baya Fahad ya zira kwallaye a muhimmiyar wasa da Al-Ettifaq, inda ya buda hanya da karfin tsiya zuwa saman kusurwar hagu na raga, ya bar mai tsaron gidan Al-Ettifaq Mohammad Sharifi mara motsi. Duk da haka wasan ya ƙare cikin rashin jin daɗi ga Al-Ittihad kamar yadda Hasan Kadesh ya rama wa Al-Ettifaq, wanda ya haifar da kammala wasan a cikin kunnen doki 1-1. Fahad shima yayi matukar burgewa a gasar cin kofin zakarun turai na AFC akan wasu manyan kungiyoyi a duk fadin Asiya. A ranar 13 ga Mayun shekara ta 2014, Fahad ya ci kwallaye 2 masu ban mamaki a karawar karshe 16 da ya yi da takwaransa na Saudiyya Al-Shabab da aka buga a filin wasa na King Fahd International Stadium.Bayan wucewar wayo daga Mukhtar Fallatah, Fahad ya ruga da gudu tare da saurin wucewa, ya doki mai tsaron gidan zuwa kwallon sannan kuma ya buga kwallon a gaban sa don aikawa da jama'a cikin fyaucewa.Daga baya Fahad ya ci kwallonsa ta biyu a wasan inda ya zira kwallaye a ragar mai tsaron gidan Al-Shabab Waleed Abdullah . Al-Ittihad ta ci nasara 3-1.Fahad ya kammala kaka da kwallaye 5 a wasanni 36 a duka wasannin.Fahad ya sami yabo daga manajan Al-Ittihad Khalid Al Koroni saboda inganta wasan sa a wannan kakar ta hanyar samun karin taimako kuma ya bayyana Fahad a matsayin &quot;gwanin ban mamaki&quot;.

==== Lokacin 2014-15 ====
Fahad ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a sabon kamfen a wasan da suka doke Al-Faisaly da ci 2-1 a filin wasa na King Abdul Aziz saboda ana ci gaba da aikin gine-gine a sabon filin wasa na Al-Ittihad King Abdullah Sports City Stadium wanda aka shirya gudanar da shi. damar sama da 60,000. A ranar 17 ga Oktoba 2014, Fahad ya ci kwallon nasara a wasan da suka doke Al-Khaleej da ci 2-1 wanda ya jefa kwallon kusa da kusa da gidan golan Al-Khaleej Moslem Freej. Wannan ita ce kwallon farko da Fahad ya ci a sabon filin wasa na King Abdullah Sports City . A ranar 21 ga Maris din 2015, Fahad ya ci kwallo a ragar Al-Khaleej tare da bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida Moslem Freej. A ranar 9 ga Afrilu 2015, Fahad ya ci fanareti wanda ya zama silar yanke hukunci a nasarar da suka samu kan 1-0 a kan Hajer, Fahad ya kware a bugun fenariti a saman kusurwar hagu ta kafar da ta wuce mika hannu na tsohon Al -Shine mai tsaron ragar Ittihad Mustafa Malayekah . A ranar 22 ga Afrilun shekara ta 2015, a wasan zagaye na 16 na Kofin Zakarun Turai, Fahad ya fito daga benci don ya jefa kwallaye biyu a raga a ragar Al-Fateh a wasan da ci 4-1 da aka buga a filin wasa na Prince Abdullah bin Jalawi . Manajan Al-Ittihad Victor Pițurcă ya bayyana makasudin burin Fahad a matsayin &quot;jarumtaka&quot; kuma ya ce &quot;Fahad yana samun ci gaba a kowace rana, idan ya ci gaba da yin wasa kamar yadda yake, zai yi nisa, yana da duniyar a kafa&quot;. 27 ga Afrilun shekara ta 2015, Fahad ya ci kwallon sihiri a wasan da Al-Ittihad ta doke Al-Taawon da ci 4-3. A 25th minti na wasan, Jamal Bajandouh Squared da ball to Fahad a gefen yankin, Fahad sa'an nan shãfe shi, sama da buga wani ferocious bicycle harbi da cewa ya tashi da Al-Taawon golan Sultan Al-Ghamdi a cikin mayar da net . Fahad ya kuma ci fanareti a wasan daya buga inda ya kware wajen tura Sultan Al-Ghamdi zuwa inda bai dace ba yayin da yake sanya kwallo a daya bangaren na raga. A ranar 15 ga Mayun shekara ta 2015, Fahad ya sake zira kwallo mai ban mamaki a cikin &quot;Derby of Jeddah&quot; wanda ya ci kwallon farko a minti na 84 bayan ya yanke ciki ya kuma harba wata iska mai karfin gaske a saman kusurwar dama ta raga da ta wuce mara taimako Abdullah Al-Maiouf a cikin raga ta Al-Ahli . Ko yaya dai Salman Al-Moasher ya yi nasarar wuce gona da iri a minti na 89 don daure lamuran, wasan ya kare 1-1. A ranar 31 ga Mayun shekara ta 2015, Fahad ya ci kwallo a wasan El-Clasico na Saudiyya, a wasan kusa da na karshe na Kofin Zakarun Turai a filin wasa na King Fahd International Stadium, inda ya harba kwallon daga bugun fanareti, inda ya soke budewar daga mai tsaron baya na [[Al Hilal SFC|Al-Hilal]] Digão . Koyaya wasan ya ƙare cikin rashin jin daɗi ga Al-Ittihad yayin da suka ci gajiyar wasan suka ƙare da nasarar da ci 4-1 ga [[Al Hilal SFC|Al-Hilal]] . Fahad ya kammala kakar wasan 2014/15 da kwallaye 10 a wasanni 24, yayin da ya samu yabo daga masana kan wasu wasanni da suka gabata a Saudi Arabia League da kuma Kofin Zakarun Turai .

== Ayyukan duniya ==
A watan Mayun shekara ta 2018, aka raɗa masa suna a Saudi Arabia ta farko tawagar ga [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|2018 gasar cin kofin duniya]] a [[Rasha]] .  Koyaya, rawar da ya taka a gasar cin kofin duniya an dauke shi a matsayin babban abin takaici, saboda rashin iyawarsa da kuma shirun nasa a wasu lokuta masu mahimmanci. Daga karshe Saudi Arabiya ta fado daga wasan rukuni-rukuni, bayan da ta sha kashi 0-5 a hannun Rasha da kuma 0-1 a hannun Uruguay .

== Kididdigar aiki ==

=== Kulab ===
{{Updated|match played 11 March 2020}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=FAHAD AL MUWALLAD |url=https://us.soccerway.com/players/fahd-al-muwallad/197876/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Club
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Season
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |National Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |League Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Other
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Al-Ittihad
|2011–12
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|4
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|6
|1
|-
|2012–13
|21
|7
|5
|2
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|27
|9
|-
|2013–14
|25
|5
|5
|3
|2
|2
|7
|2
|1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Saudi Super Cup]]}}
|0
|40
|12
|-
|2014–15
|21
|7
|3
|3
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|25
|10
|-
|2015–16
|22
|3
|2
|0
|3
|0
|5
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|32
|4
|-
|2016–17
|20
|11
|0
|0
|4
|3
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|24
|14
|-
|2017–18
|9
|3
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|11
|4
|-
|2018–19
|21
|11
|3
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|5
|4
|1{{Efn}}
|0
|30
|16
|-
|2019–20
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
!Total
!141
!47
!20
!10
!11
!5
!21
!8
!2
!0
!195
!70
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Levante (loan)
|2017–18
|2
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|2
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Career totals
!143
!47
!20
!10
!11
!5
!21
!8
!2
!0
!197
!70
|}
 

=== Na duniya ===

: ''Kididdigar da ta dace daidai da wasa ta buga 5 Yuni 2021.'' 

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
! width=&quot;120&quot; |Teamungiyar ƙasa
! width=&quot;60&quot; | Shekara
! width=&quot;45&quot; | Ayyuka
! width=&quot;45&quot; | Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;11&quot; | Saudi Arabiya
|-
| 2012
| 2
| 0
|-
| 2013
| 10
| 2
|-
| 2014
| 11
| 3
|-
| 2015
| 5
| 2
|-
| 2016
| 8
| 1
|-
| 2017
| 3
| 1
|-
| 2018
| 13
| 2
|-
| 2019
| 4
| 2
|-
| 2021
| 3
| 3
|-
! Jimla
! 59
! 16
|}

=== Manufofin duniya ===

: ''Sakamako da sun lissafa burin Saudi Arabia da farko.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|id=50438}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable collapsible collapsed&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot;
!A'a
! Kwanan wata
! Wuri
! Kishiya
! Ci
! Sakamakon
! Gasa
|-
| 1.
| 9 Janairu 2013
| Filin Wasannin Wasanni na Khalifa, Garin Isa, Bahrain
|&lt;/img&gt; Yemen
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''2''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 2–0
| Kofin Kasashen Golf na 2013
|-
| 2.
| 6 ga Fabrairu 2013
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Filin wasa na Yarima Mohamed bin Fahd, [[Dammam]], Saudi Arabia
|&lt;/img&gt; China PR
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1-2
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Gasar cin Kofin Asiya ta 2015 AFC
|-
| 3.
| 4 Maris 2014
|&lt;/img&gt; Indonesiya
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1 - 0
|-
| 4.
| 6 Nuwamba 2014
|&lt;/img&gt; Falasdinu
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''2''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 2–0
| Abokai
|-
| 5.
| 14 Nuwamba 2014
| Filin wasa na kasa da kasa na King Fahd, [[Riyadh]], Saudi Arabia
|&lt;/img&gt; Qatar
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1–1
| Kofin Kasashen Golf na 2014
|-
| 6.
| 3 Satumba 2015
| King Abdullah Sports City, [[Jeddah]], Saudi Arabia
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;/img&gt; Timor-Leste
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''7''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 7-0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2018
|-
| 7.
| 17 Nuwamba 2015
| Filin wasa na kasa, Dili, Gabashin Timor
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''10''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 10-0
|-
| 8.
| 11 Oktoba 2016
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | King Abdullah Sports City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
|&lt;/img&gt; Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 3-0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2018
|-
| 9.
| 5 Satumba 2017
|&lt;/img&gt; Japan
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1 - 0
|-
| 10.
| 23 Maris 2018
| Mota ta Estadio, Marbella, Spain
|&lt;/img&gt; Yukren
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –1
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1–1
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Abokai
|-
| 11.
| 20 Nuwamba 2018
| Sarki Abdullah, Amman, Jordan
|&lt;/img&gt; Kogin Urdun
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1–1
|-
| 12.
| 8 Janairu 2019
| Filin wasa na Rashid, [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]], Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa
|&lt;/img&gt; Koriya ta Arewa
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''4''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 4-0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2019 AFC Kofin Asiya
|-
| 13.
| 12 Janairu 2019
| Filin wasa na Al-Maktoum, Dubai, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa
|&lt;/img&gt; Labanon
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 2–0
|-
| 14.
| 30 Maris 2021
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Filin wasa na Jami'ar Saud Saud, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
|&lt;/img&gt; Falasdinu
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''2''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 5-0
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2022 FIFA gasar cin kofin duniya
|-
| 15.
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 5 Yuni 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;/img&gt; Yemen
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''2''' –0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; | 3-0
|-
| 16.
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''3''' –0
|}.

== Daraja ==

; Al Ittihad

* Kofin Sarakuna : 2013, 2018
* Kofin Yarima mai Sarauta : 2016–17
* Saudi wacce ta zo ta biyu a gasar: 2013, 2018

; Kowane mutum

* Kofin Sarki na Gwanayen Mafi Kyawun Valan wasa: 2013

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Hanyoyin haɗin waje ==

* {{Soccerway|fahd-al-muwallad/197876}}
[[Category:Saudiyya]]
[[Category:Wasannin FIFA]]
[[Category:Wasanni]]
[[Category:Wasa]]
[[Category:Kungiyoyin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
      <sha1>gdygzizjglsjoacb79trfo5k979g4aq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969804</id>
      <parentid>969787</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:30:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Ayyukan duniya */</comment>
      <origin>969804</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15279" sha1="s01x28d2m2m2r90gl1ru3y652fqvtmj" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
[[File:Fahad Al-Muwallad.jpg|thumb|Fahad a filin wasa]]
[[File:Fahad Al-Muwallad 2018.jpg|thumb|Fahad sanye da rigar ƙasarsa Kindom of Saudi Arabia (K S A)]]
[[Fayil:Fahad Al-Muwallad.jpg|thumb|Fahad Al-Muwallad]]
'''Fahad Mosaed al-Muwallad''' ( {{Lang-ar|فهد المولد}}   , An haife shi ne a ranar 14 ga watan Satumban shekara ta 1994) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafa ta]] [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya da]] ke buga wa ƙungiyar [[Al-itthad|Al-ittihad]]. Ya fara aikin sa da Al-Ittihad yana ɗan shekara goma sha shida (16). A ranar 31 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2011 ya zura kwallo na biyu manufa domin [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]] da Croatia a shekarar 2011 U-20 gasar cin kofin [[duniya]] a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]], wanda alama ta farko da taba duniya burin a shekaru 16.  &lt;ref&gt;[http://msn.foxsports.com/foxsoccer/world/story/saudi-arabia-2-0-croatia-fifa-u-20-world-cup-recap-073111 Saudi Arabia opens with win over Croatia] Fox Sports, [[2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup|FIFA U-20 World Cup]].&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekara ta 2012 yayin da yake taka leda a ƙungiyar Al-Ittihad, ya shiga wasan ne a matsayin mai sauyawa a cikin mintuna 10 da suka gabata kuma ya ci kwallon da ta ci Guangzhou Evergrande FC don cancantar tare da tawagarsa zuwa Semi-final na AFC Champions League. Tare da Saudi Arabia, ya kuma ci kwallon da ta ci [[China]] a wasan cancantar cin Kofin [[Asiya]]. Allyari da kuma musamman ya kuma zura ƙwallo wanda ya tura Saudi Arabiya zuwa [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|Kofin Duniya na shekarar 2018 a Rasha]],kuma an san shi da samun saurin kowane ɗan Asiya har abada.&lt;ref&gt;[http://deportesus.terra.com/sports/soccer/worldcup-u20/2011/noticias/0,,OI5273262-EI18322,00-Saudi+Arabia+shocks+Croatia+in+its+World+Cup+debut.html Saudi Arabia shocks Croatia 2–0] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101062038/http://deportesus.terra.com/sports/soccer/worldcup-u20/2011/noticias/0,,OI5273262-EI18322,00-Saudi+Arabia+shocks+Croatia+in+its+World+Cup+debut.html |date=1 November 2013 }} Terra.com&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://msn.foxsports.com/foxsoccer/world/story/saudi-arabia-2-0-croatia-fifa-u-20-world-cup-recap-073111 Saudi Arabia opens with win over Croatia] Fox Sports, [[2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup|FIFA U-20 World Cup]].&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Rayuwar farko da nasara ==
An haifi Fahad Al-Muwallad a [[Jidda]],a kasar [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabiya]] kuma tun yana ƙarami ya zama sananne sosai a matsayin shahararren ɗan wasan kwallon [[ƙafa]] a yankin. Daga nan sai wani ɗan wasan ƙungiyar ta [[Barcelona]] ya tunkareshi bayan ya ganshi ya sanya kyawawan halaye. Ya yi watsi da tayin sannan ya ci gaba da shiga ƙungiyar matasa ta Al-Ittihad daga shekara 6, ya yi aiki a kan sahu ya fara samun kulawar kafofin yaɗa labarai na ƙasa lokacin da ya fara atisaye tare da ƙungiyar farko a lokacin yanada shekaru 15. A ranar 7 ga watan Fabrairun a shekara ta 2012, yana ɗan shekara 16, Fahad al-Muwallad ya yi fito na fito da Al-Raed . Bayan buga ƙarin wasanni akai-akai a Saudi Professional League, Fahad ya shahara da saurin gudu da kuma ƙwarewar fasaha yayin nuna [[kwalliya]] a gaban raga.

== Klub din ==

=== Al-Ittihad ===

==== Lokacin 2012–13 ====
Fahad ya ci gaba da burgewa kuma a ranar 2 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, Fahad ya ci kwallon sa ta farko a kan Al-Raed a wasan da aka tashi 2-2. A lokacin kakar wasan shekara ta  2012/13, Fahad ya fara shahara a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan hazikan ƙwallon ƙafa na Asiya, bayan ya zira ƙwallaye da yawa ga Al-Ittihad daga reshe. Daga baya Fahad ya ƙara ɗaga hankalin kasashen duniya yayin da, yana ɗan shekara 17, ya zura ƙwallaye a raga a wasan kusa dana ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin zakarun [[turai]] da ƙungiyar Marcelo Lippi ta Guangzhou Evergrande wacce ta tura Al-Ittihad zuwa wasan kusa dana ƙarshe. Haka kuma Fahad ya haskaka gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai inda shi, na farko, ya zira kwallaye a wasan kusa dana karshe da Al-Ittihad ta doke Al-Fateh sannan kuma ya ci a wasan karshe a wasan da suka tashi 4-2 akan Al-Shabab da aka buga a gaban sama da 50,000 a filin. Filin wasa na Duniya Fahd . Daga baya an zabi Fahad a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai MVP (Mafi Ingantaccen Dan wasa) saboda haddar da yake yi a filin kwallon kafa a duk gasar. Fahad ya kammala kakar 2012/13 da kwallaye 10 masu ban sha'awa a wasanni 26 a duk gasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWC/2018/pdf/FWC_2018_SQUADLISTS.PDF |title=2018 FIFA World Cup Russia – List of Players |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association |date=4 June 2018 |access-date=10 June 2018 |archive-date=6 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206135930/https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWC/2018/pdf/FWC_2018_SQUADLISTS.PDF |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Lokacin 2013-14 ====
Fahad ya bude asusun sa na sabuwar kaka a wasan El-Clasico na Saudi Arabiya a cikin yanayi mai ban mamaki, inda ya saka Al-Ittihad a gaba bayan wayo ta hanyar kwallo daga hannun Saud Kariri . Koyaya Al-Ittihad ta ci wasan 5-2 a filin wasa na King Fahd International amma fahad din Fahad ya sami yabo daga manajan Al-Ittihad Beñat San José da masana. Daga baya Fahad ya zira kwallaye a muhimmiyar wasa da Al-Ettifaq, inda ya buda hanya da karfin tsiya zuwa saman kusurwar hagu na raga, ya bar mai tsaron gidan Al-Ettifaq Mohammad Sharifi mara motsi. Duk da haka wasan ya ƙare cikin rashin jin daɗi ga Al-Ittihad kamar yadda Hasan Kadesh ya rama wa Al-Ettifaq, wanda ya haifar da kammala wasan a cikin kunnen doki 1-1. Fahad shima yayi matukar burgewa a gasar cin kofin zakarun turai na AFC akan wasu manyan kungiyoyi a duk fadin Asiya. A ranar 13 ga Mayun shekara ta 2014, Fahad ya ci kwallaye 2 masu ban mamaki a karawar karshe 16 da ya yi da takwaransa na Saudiyya Al-Shabab da aka buga a filin wasa na King Fahd International Stadium.Bayan wucewar wayo daga Mukhtar Fallatah, Fahad ya ruga da gudu tare da saurin wucewa, ya doki mai tsaron gidan zuwa kwallon sannan kuma ya buga kwallon a gaban sa don aikawa da jama'a cikin fyaucewa.Daga baya Fahad ya ci kwallonsa ta biyu a wasan inda ya zira kwallaye a ragar mai tsaron gidan Al-Shabab Waleed Abdullah . Al-Ittihad ta ci nasara 3-1.Fahad ya kammala kaka da kwallaye 5 a wasanni 36 a duka wasannin.Fahad ya sami yabo daga manajan Al-Ittihad Khalid Al Koroni saboda inganta wasan sa a wannan kakar ta hanyar samun karin taimako kuma ya bayyana Fahad a matsayin &quot;gwanin ban mamaki&quot;.

==== Lokacin 2014-15 ====
Fahad ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a sabon kamfen a wasan da suka doke Al-Faisaly da ci 2-1 a filin wasa na King Abdul Aziz saboda ana ci gaba da aikin gine-gine a sabon filin wasa na Al-Ittihad King Abdullah Sports City Stadium wanda aka shirya gudanar da shi. damar sama da 60,000. A ranar 17 ga Oktoba 2014, Fahad ya ci kwallon nasara a wasan da suka doke Al-Khaleej da ci 2-1 wanda ya jefa kwallon kusa da kusa da gidan golan Al-Khaleej Moslem Freej. Wannan ita ce kwallon farko da Fahad ya ci a sabon filin wasa na King Abdullah Sports City . A ranar 21 ga Maris din 2015, Fahad ya ci kwallo a ragar Al-Khaleej tare da bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida Moslem Freej. A ranar 9 ga Afrilu 2015, Fahad ya ci fanareti wanda ya zama silar yanke hukunci a nasarar da suka samu kan 1-0 a kan Hajer, Fahad ya kware a bugun fenariti a saman kusurwar hagu ta kafar da ta wuce mika hannu na tsohon Al -Shine mai tsaron ragar Ittihad Mustafa Malayekah . A ranar 22 ga Afrilun shekara ta 2015, a wasan zagaye na 16 na Kofin Zakarun Turai, Fahad ya fito daga benci don ya jefa kwallaye biyu a raga a ragar Al-Fateh a wasan da ci 4-1 da aka buga a filin wasa na Prince Abdullah bin Jalawi . Manajan Al-Ittihad Victor Pițurcă ya bayyana makasudin burin Fahad a matsayin &quot;jarumtaka&quot; kuma ya ce &quot;Fahad yana samun ci gaba a kowace rana, idan ya ci gaba da yin wasa kamar yadda yake, zai yi nisa, yana da duniyar a kafa&quot;. 27 ga Afrilun shekara ta 2015, Fahad ya ci kwallon sihiri a wasan da Al-Ittihad ta doke Al-Taawon da ci 4-3. A 25th minti na wasan, Jamal Bajandouh Squared da ball to Fahad a gefen yankin, Fahad sa'an nan shãfe shi, sama da buga wani ferocious bicycle harbi da cewa ya tashi da Al-Taawon golan Sultan Al-Ghamdi a cikin mayar da net . Fahad ya kuma ci fanareti a wasan daya buga inda ya kware wajen tura Sultan Al-Ghamdi zuwa inda bai dace ba yayin da yake sanya kwallo a daya bangaren na raga. A ranar 15 ga Mayun shekara ta 2015, Fahad ya sake zira kwallo mai ban mamaki a cikin &quot;Derby of Jeddah&quot; wanda ya ci kwallon farko a minti na 84 bayan ya yanke ciki ya kuma harba wata iska mai karfin gaske a saman kusurwar dama ta raga da ta wuce mara taimako Abdullah Al-Maiouf a cikin raga ta Al-Ahli . Ko yaya dai Salman Al-Moasher ya yi nasarar wuce gona da iri a minti na 89 don daure lamuran, wasan ya kare 1-1. A ranar 31 ga Mayun shekara ta 2015, Fahad ya ci kwallo a wasan El-Clasico na Saudiyya, a wasan kusa da na karshe na Kofin Zakarun Turai a filin wasa na King Fahd International Stadium, inda ya harba kwallon daga bugun fanareti, inda ya soke budewar daga mai tsaron baya na [[Al Hilal SFC|Al-Hilal]] Digão . Koyaya wasan ya ƙare cikin rashin jin daɗi ga Al-Ittihad yayin da suka ci gajiyar wasan suka ƙare da nasarar da ci 4-1 ga [[Al Hilal SFC|Al-Hilal]] . Fahad ya kammala kakar wasan 2014/15 da kwallaye 10 a wasanni 24, yayin da ya samu yabo daga masana kan wasu wasanni da suka gabata a Saudi Arabia League da kuma Kofin Zakarun Turai .

== Ayyukan duniya ==
A watan Mayun shekara ta (2018), aka raɗa masa suna a Saudi Arabia ta farko tawagar ga [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|2018 gasar cin kofin duniya]] a [[Rasha]] .  Koyaya, rawar da ya taka a gasar cin kofin duniya an dauke shi a matsayin babban abin takaici, saboda rashin iyawarsa da kuma shirun nasa a wasu lokuta masu mahimmanci. Daga karshe Saudi Arabiya ta fado daga wasan rukuni-rukuni, bayan da ta sha kashi 0-5 a hannun Rasha da kuma 0-1 a hannun Uruguay .

== Kididdigar aiki ==

=== Kulab ===
{{Updated|match played 11 March 2020}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=FAHAD AL MUWALLAD |url=https://us.soccerway.com/players/fahd-al-muwallad/197876/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Club
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Season
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |National Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |League Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Other
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |Al-Ittihad
|2011–12
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|4
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|6
|1
|-
|2012–13
|21
|7
|5
|2
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|27
|9
|-
|2013–14
|25
|5
|5
|3
|2
|2
|7
|2
|1{{Efn|Appearances in [[Saudi Super Cup]]}}
|0
|40
|12
|-
|2014–15
|21
|7
|3
|3
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|25
|10
|-
|2015–16
|22
|3
|2
|0
|3
|0
|5
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|32
|4
|-
|2016–17
|20
|11
|0
|0
|4
|3
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|24
|14
|-
|2017–18
|9
|3
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|11
|4
|-
|2018–19
|21
|11
|3
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|5
|4
|1{{Efn}}
|0
|30
|16
|-
|2019–20
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
!Total
!141
!47
!20
!10
!11
!5
!21
!8
!2
!0
!195
!70
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Levante (loan)
|2017–18
|2
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|2
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Career totals
!143
!47
!20
!10
!11
!5
!21
!8
!2
!0
!197
!70
|}
 

=== Na duniya ===

: ''Kididdigar da ta dace daidai da wasa ta buga 5 Yuni 2021.'' 

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
! width=&quot;120&quot; |Teamungiyar ƙasa
! width=&quot;60&quot; | Shekara
! width=&quot;45&quot; | Ayyuka
! width=&quot;45&quot; | Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;11&quot; | Saudi Arabiya
|-
| 2012
| 2
| 0
|-
| 2013
| 10
| 2
|-
| 2014
| 11
| 3
|-
| 2015
| 5
| 2
|-
| 2016
| 8
| 1
|-
| 2017
| 3
| 1
|-
| 2018
| 13
| 2
|-
| 2019
| 4
| 2
|-
| 2021
| 3
| 3
|-
! Jimla
! 59
! 16
|}

=== Manufofin duniya ===

: ''Sakamako da sun lissafa burin Saudi Arabia da farko.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|id=50438}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable collapsible collapsed&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot;
!A'a
! Kwanan wata
! Wuri
! Kishiya
! Ci
! Sakamakon
! Gasa
|-
| 1.
| 9 Janairu 2013
| Filin Wasannin Wasanni na Khalifa, Garin Isa, Bahrain
|&lt;/img&gt; Yemen
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''2''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 2–0
| Kofin Kasashen Golf na 2013
|-
| 2.
| 6 ga Fabrairu 2013
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Filin wasa na Yarima Mohamed bin Fahd, [[Dammam]], Saudi Arabia
|&lt;/img&gt; China PR
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1-2
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Gasar cin Kofin Asiya ta 2015 AFC
|-
| 3.
| 4 Maris 2014
|&lt;/img&gt; Indonesiya
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1 - 0
|-
| 4.
| 6 Nuwamba 2014
|&lt;/img&gt; Falasdinu
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''2''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 2–0
| Abokai
|-
| 5.
| 14 Nuwamba 2014
| Filin wasa na kasa da kasa na King Fahd, [[Riyadh]], Saudi Arabia
|&lt;/img&gt; Qatar
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1–1
| Kofin Kasashen Golf na 2014
|-
| 6.
| 3 Satumba 2015
| King Abdullah Sports City, [[Jeddah]], Saudi Arabia
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;/img&gt; Timor-Leste
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''7''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 7-0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2018
|-
| 7.
| 17 Nuwamba 2015
| Filin wasa na kasa, Dili, Gabashin Timor
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''10''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 10-0
|-
| 8.
| 11 Oktoba 2016
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | King Abdullah Sports City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
|&lt;/img&gt; Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 3-0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2018
|-
| 9.
| 5 Satumba 2017
|&lt;/img&gt; Japan
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1 - 0
|-
| 10.
| 23 Maris 2018
| Mota ta Estadio, Marbella, Spain
|&lt;/img&gt; Yukren
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –1
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1–1
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Abokai
|-
| 11.
| 20 Nuwamba 2018
| Sarki Abdullah, Amman, Jordan
|&lt;/img&gt; Kogin Urdun
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1–1
|-
| 12.
| 8 Janairu 2019
| Filin wasa na Rashid, [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]], Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa
|&lt;/img&gt; Koriya ta Arewa
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''4''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 4-0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2019 AFC Kofin Asiya
|-
| 13.
| 12 Janairu 2019
| Filin wasa na Al-Maktoum, Dubai, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa
|&lt;/img&gt; Labanon
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 2–0
|-
| 14.
| 30 Maris 2021
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Filin wasa na Jami'ar Saud Saud, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
|&lt;/img&gt; Falasdinu
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''2''' –0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 5-0
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2022 FIFA gasar cin kofin duniya
|-
| 15.
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 5 Yuni 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;/img&gt; Yemen
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''2''' –0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; | 3-0
|-
| 16.
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''3''' –0
|}.

== Daraja ==

; Al Ittihad

* Kofin Sarakuna : 2013, 2018
* Kofin Yarima mai Sarauta : 2016–17
* Saudi wacce ta zo ta biyu a gasar: 2013, 2018

; Kowane mutum

* Kofin Sarki na Gwanayen Mafi Kyawun Valan wasa: 2013

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Hanyoyin haɗin waje ==

* {{Soccerway|fahd-al-muwallad/197876}}
[[Category:Saudiyya]]
[[Category:Wasannin FIFA]]
[[Category:Wasanni]]
[[Category:Wasa]]
[[Category:Kungiyoyin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]]
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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|[[User:Hi, Ahmad|Hi, Ahmad]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Hi, Ahmad|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 19 ga Oktoba 2026
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|7
|[[User:King4852|King4852]]
|[[Special:Contributions/King4852|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 19 ga Oktoba 2026
|-
|8
|[[User:Momo.blhj2010|Momo.blhj2010]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Momo.blhj2010|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 19 ga Oktoba 2026
|-
|9
|[[User:Almustafa Ahmad|Almustafa Ahmad]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Almustafa Ahmad|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 19 ga Oktoba 2026
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|10
|[[User:Julia - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona|Julia - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Julia - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 19 ga Oktoba 2026
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|11
|[[User:Apcbg|Apcbg]]
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|Litinin, 19 ga Oktoba 2026
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|12
|[[User:QuickIan|QuickIan]]
|[[Special:Contributions/QuickIan|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 19 ga Oktoba 2026
|-
|13
|[[User:Editorailshob|Editorailshob]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Editorailshob|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 19 ga Oktoba 2026
|-
|14
|[[User:ThomasYehYeh|ThomasYehYeh]]
|[[Special:Contributions/ThomasYehYeh|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 19 ga Oktoba 2026
|-
|15
|[[User:Ibrahim saminu abdullahi|Ibrahim saminu abdullahi]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Ibrahim saminu abdullahi|Gudummuwa]]
|Litinin, 19 ga Oktoba 2026
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|16
|[[User:Lemakjei|Lemakjei]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Lemakjei|Gudummuwa]]
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|17
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|20
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|Litinin, 19 ga Oktoba 2026
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|21
|[[User:خالد وليد محمد|خالد وليد محمد]]
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|22
|[[User:Jishara|Jishara]]
|[[Special:Contributions/Jishara|Gudummuwa]]
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|[[User:Julitte daisy|Julitte daisy]]
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|24
|[[User:Alpha Beta Delta Lambda|Alpha Beta Delta Lambda]]
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  <page>
    <title>Dokar ƴancin aiki</title>
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      <text bytes="41051" sha1="65t9b0bvaw40fzge2mkhydg4be6rykv" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
A cikin mahallin Dokar aiki a Amurka, '''Dokokin haƙƙin aiki''' sun haramta yarjejeniyar tsaro tsakanin ma'aikata da Kungiyoyin kwadago. Irin waɗannan yarjejeniyoyi za a iya haɗa su cikin kwangilar ƙungiyar don buƙatar ma'aikatan da ba membobin ƙungiyar ba su ba da gudummawa ga farashin wakilcin ƙungiyar. Ba kamar ma'anar haƙƙin aiki ba a matsayin [[Haƙƙoƙin ɗan'adam|Hakkin ɗan adam]] a cikin dokar kasa da kasa, dokokin haƙƙin aiki na Amurka ba su da niyyar samar da tabbacin aiki ga mutanen da ke neman aiki amma a maimakon haka tabbacin haƙƙin ma'aikaci na guje wa kasancewa memba na ƙungiyar ma'aikata.

Dokar Taft-Hartley ta tarayya ta 1947 da ke kula da aikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu ta haramta &quot;Shagon da aka rufe&quot; wanda ake buƙatar ma'aikata su zama membobin ƙungiyar a matsayin yanayin aiki, amma yana ba da damar Shagon ƙungiyar ko &quot;shagon hukuma&quot; wanda ma'aikata ke biyan kuɗi don farashin wakilci ba tare da shiga ƙungiyar ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Baird |first=Charles W. |date=June 1998 |title=Right to work before and after 14(b) |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-labor-research_1998_summer_19_3/page/471 |journal=Journal of Labor Research |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=471–493 |doi=10.1007/s12122-998-1042-y |s2cid=153369005 |id={{ProQuest|214005215}}}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kowane jihohin Amurka sun kafa nasu manufofi ga ma'aikatan gwamnati da na kananan hukumomi (watau ma'aikatan bangaren gwamnati). Jihohi ashirin da takwas suna da manufofi na haƙƙin aiki (ko dai ta hanyar [[Dokar|dokoki]] ko ta hanyar tanadin kundin Tsarin Mulki).  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Miller |first=Berkeley |last2=Canak |first2=William |year=1991 |title=From 'Porkchoppers' to 'Lambchoppers': The Passage of Florida's Public Employee Relations Act |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_industrial-labor-relations-review_1991-01_44_2/page/349 |journal=Industrial and Labor Relations Review |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=349–66 |doi=10.2307/2524814 |jstor=2524814}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Partridge |first=Dane M. |year=1997 |title=Virginia's New Ban on Public Employee Bargaining: A Case Study of Unions, Business, and Political Competition |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_employee-responsibilities-and-rights-journal_1997-06_10_2/page/127 |journal=Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=127–39 |doi=10.1023/A:1025657412651 |s2cid=151081867}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Canak |first=William |last2=Miller |first2=Berkeley |year=1990 |title=Gumbo Politics: Unions, Business, and Louisiana Right-to-Work Legislation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_industrial-labor-relations-review_1990-01_43_2/page/258 |journal=Industrial and Labor Relations Review |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=258–71 |doi=10.2307/2523703 |jstor=2523703}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2018, Kotun Koli ta Amurka ta yanke hukuncin cewa shirye-shiryen kantin sayar da hukumomi ga ma'aikatan bangaren jama'a ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a cikin shari'ar ''Janus v. AFSCME'' . Wannan hukuncin ya dace da hukuncin Kotun Koli kan kwangilar shagon rufe, kamar yadda aka yanke shawarar a ''Lincoln Union v. Northwestern Co..''

== Tarihi ==
An samo asali ne daga kalmar 'yancin aiki ta hanyar jagoran gurguzu na Faransa Louis Blanc kafin 1848.  A cewar Cibiyar Kasuwancin Amurka, marubucin edita na Dallas Morning News William Ruggles ne ya kirkiro amfani da kalmar nan na zamani na haƙƙin aiki a cikin 1941.&lt;ref name=&quot;aei-alternative-facts-coined-term&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Perry |first=Mark J. |date=September 1, 2014 |title=Dallas Morning News editorial writer William Ruggles coined the term &quot;right to work&quot; on Labor Day in 1941 |url=https://www.aei.org/publication/dallas-morning-news-editorial-writer-william-ruggles-coined-the-term-right-to-work-on-labor-day-in-1941 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116045908/https://www.aei.org/publication/dallas-morning-news-editorial-writer-william-ruggles-coined-the-term-right-to-work-on-labor-day-in-1941 |archive-date=January 16, 2019 |access-date=February 11, 2018 |website=AEIIdeas |publisher=American Enterprise Institute}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar PandoDaily, Vance Muse ne ya kirkiro kalmar zamani, wani jami'in [[Jam'iyyar Republican (Amurka)|Jam'iyyar Republican]] wanda ya jagoranci kungiyar Kirista ta Amurka, kungiyar kare hakkin aiki ta farko, don maye gurbin kalmar &quot;Tsarin Amurka&quot; bayan ya zama mai alaƙa da tashin hankali na Red Scare na farko. Muse ya yi amfani da muhawara ta wariyar launin fata wajen ba da shawara ga dokokin adawa da ƙungiyar kwadago.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 13, 2012 |title=The racist roots of 'right to work' laws |url=http://www.southernstudies.org/2012/12/the-racist-roots-of-right-to-work-laws.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504222400/http://www.southernstudies.org/2012/12/the-racist-roots-of-right-to-work-laws.html |archive-date=May 4, 2015 |access-date=May 2, 2015 |website=Southernstudies.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;pando&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Muse |first=Vance |year=1986 |title=Making Peace with Grandfather |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_texas-monthly_1986-02_14_2/page/142 |journal=Texas Monthly |volume=14 |issue=2 |page=142}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mirer |first=Jeanne |date=Spring 2013 |title=Right-to-work laws: History and fightback |journal=National Lawyers Guild Review |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=30–40 |id={{ProQuest|1370880390}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar ''Slate'', dokokin haƙƙin aiki sun samo asali ne daga dokokin da ke hana ƙungiyoyi yin yajin aiki a kan ma'aikata, da kuma ka'idodin doka kamar [['Yancin kwangila|'yancin kwangila]], wanda ke neman hana aiwatar da dokokin da ke tsara yanayin wurin aiki.

=== Dokar Wagner (1935) ===
Dokar Harkokin Ma'aikata ta Kasa, wacce aka fi sani da Dokar Wagner, an zartar da ita a 1935 a matsayin wani ɓangare na &quot;Sabon Yarjejeniya ta Biyu&quot; na Shugaba [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt|Franklin D. Roosevelt]]. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, dokar ta tanadi cewa kamfani zai iya yarda da doka ya zama kowane ɗayan waɗannan:

The act tasked the National Labor Relations Board, which had existed since 1933, with overseeing the rules.

=== Matsayi na yanzu ===
Gwamnatin tarayya tana aiki ne a karkashin dokokin bude shagon a duk fadin kasar, amma yawancin ma'aikatanta suna wakiltar kungiyoyin kwadago. Kungiyoyin da ke wakiltar 'yan wasa masu sana'a sun rubuta kwangila waɗanda suka haɗa da takamaiman tanadin wakilci (kamar a cikin Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kasa),  amma aikace-aikacen su an iyakance su ga &quot;ko'ina kuma duk lokacin da doka ta doka, &quot; kamar yadda Kotun Koli ta bayyana a sarari cewa aikace-aikace na dokar haƙƙin aiki an ƙayyade shi ta hanyar &quot;mafi girman aiki&quot;.  'Yan wasa a cikin kungiyoyin wasanni masu sana'a a jihohin da ke da dokokin haƙƙin aiki suna ƙarƙashin waɗannan dokokin kuma ba za a iya buƙatar su biya kowane ɓangare na kuɗin ƙungiyar ba a matsayin yanayin ci gaba da aiki.

== Tallafi da adawa ==
Baya ga Kotun Koli, wasu masu goyon bayan dokokin haƙƙin aiki suma suna nuna Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka da haƙƙin [[Ƴancin yin Tarayya|'yancin tarayya]]. Suna jayayya cewa ma'aikata ya kamata su kasance 'yanci su shiga ƙungiyar kwadago ko su guji, kuma ta haka ne, wani lokacin suna magana game da jihohi ba tare da dokokin haƙƙin aiki ba a matsayin jihohin ƙungiyar kwadago. Wadannan masu goyon baya suna jayayya cewa ta hanyar tilasta su cikin yarjejeniya ta hadin gwiwa, abin da ƙungiyoyin mafi rinjaye ke kira rabo mai kyau na farashin yarjejeniya ta gaba ɗaya, a zahiri tilasta kudi ne da keta [[Ƴancin zaɓi|'yancin zaɓe]]. An tilasta wa abokin adawar yarjejeniyar ya goyi bayan wata kungiya da ba su zabe ba don samun wakilci wanda ba su da wani zaɓi.&lt;ref name=&quot;stopteacherstrikes_201211&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Campbell, Simon |title=Right-to-Work vs Forced Unionism |url=http://www.stopteacherstrikes.org/Forced_Unionism.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130111033305/http://www.stopteacherstrikes.org/Forced_Unionism.php |archive-date=January 11, 2013 |access-date=November 14, 2012 |publisher=StopTeacherStrikes, Inc. |quote=Fair share is compulsory dues. A non-union employee is forced to financially support an organization they did not vote for, in order to receive monopoly representation they have no choice over. It is financial coercion and a violation of freedom of choice. Money is forcibly withheld from non-union employees' paychecks and sent to a private organization. When an agency-shop agreement exists in a school district or county, every employee must pay dues to the union as a condition of their employment. They must pay-up or leave. Should anyone's ability to get or keep a job depend on whether they pay dues to a union? Non-union teachers have struggled in court to try and stop their forced dues from being used for political activity by the union.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2024}}

Ikilisiyar Adventist ta bakwai ta hana shiga cikin ƙungiyoyi,  tana ambaton rubuce-rubucen Ellen White, ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa cocin, da kuma abin da marubuciya Diana Justice ta kira &quot;hasarar 'yancin zaɓe&quot; wanda ke faruwa lokacin da mutum ya shiga ƙungiyar ma'aikata.

==== Rashin adalci ====
Masu goyon baya irin su Cibiyar Mackinac don Manufofin Jama'a suna jayayya cewa rashin adalci ne cewa ƙungiyoyi na iya buƙatar sabbin ma'aikata da ke akwai su shiga ƙungiyar ko su biya kudade don kuɗin ciniki na rukuni a matsayin yanayin aiki a ƙarƙashin kwangilar yarjejeniyar tsaro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rae |first=La |date=August 1, 1998 |title=Improvement #3: Remove Union Security Clauses [Mackinac Center&amp;#93; |url=http://www.mackinac.org/article.aspx?ID=1395 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002064809/https://www.mackinac.org/article.aspx?ID=1395 |archive-date=October 2, 2018 |access-date=May 2, 2015 |publisher=Mackinac.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sauran masu goyon baya suna jayayya cewa har yanzu ana iya buƙatar ƙungiyoyi a cikin sabbin bangarorin tattalin arziki masu tasowa, misali bangarorin sa kai da na uku, don tabbatar da isasshen fa'idodi ga sababbin baƙi, mataimakan ɗan lokaci kamar ma'aikatan kwararru na tallafi kai tsaye.

==== Gudummawar siyasa ====
Masu goyon bayan 'yancin aiki, gami da Cibiyar Bayanan Tarayya, suna jayayya cewa gudummawar siyasa da kungiyoyin kwadago suka yi ba wakiltar ma'aikatan kungiyar ba ne.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Use of Dues for Politics |url=https://www.unionfacts.com/article/political-money/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211200416/https://www.unionfacts.com/article/political-money/ |archive-date=December 11, 2020 |access-date=May 4, 2016 |website=Center for Union Facts}}&lt;/ref&gt; A baya an kalubalanci wani bangare na kantin sayar da hukumar tare da goyon bayan Gidauniyar Tsaro ta Kasa a cikin ''Ma'aikatan Sadarwa na Amurka v. Beck'', wanda ya haifar da &quot;Dakkin Beck&quot; wanda ke hana amfani da kudaden hukumar don kashewa a waje da yarjejeniyar hadin gwiwa idan ma'aikacin da ba na ƙungiyar ya sanar da ƙungiyar game da rashin amincewarsu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How do I cut off the use of my dues for politics and other nonbargaining activities? |url=http://www.nrtw.org/a/a_4_p.htm |access-date=May 4, 2016 |website=National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hakkin kalubalanci kudaden dole ne ya haɗa da haƙƙin samun mai gano gaskiya marar son kai.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gregory&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Gregory |first=David L. |year=1997–1998 |title=Contesting Union-Imposed Fees: Must Arbitration Precede Litigation (97-428) |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/prvw24&amp;div=93&amp;id=&amp;page= |url-status=live |journal=Preview U.S. Sup. Ct. Cas. |volume=1997−1998 |page=392 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418085030/https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/prvw24&amp;div=93&amp;id=&amp;page= |archive-date=April 18, 2023 |access-date=May 19, 2016}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Chicago Local Teachers Union v Hudson 475 U.S. 292. 310 (1986)&lt;/ref&gt; ''Beck'' ya shafi ƙungiyoyi ne kawai a cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, saboda an rage kuɗin hukumar ga ƙungiyoyin jama'a a cikin ''Janus v. AFSCME'' a cikin 2018.

=== Hamayya ===

==== Masu hawa kyauta ====
Opponents, such as Richard Kahlenberg, have argued that a right-to-work law &quot;gives employees the right to be free riders—to benefit from collective bargaining without paying for it.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gould_Shierholz&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gould, Elise |last2=Shierholz, Heidi |year=2011 |title=The Compensation penalty of &quot;right-to-work&quot; laws&quot; |url=http://www.epi.org/page/-/old/briefingpapers/BriefingPaper299.pdf |access-date=December 11, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Benefits that the dissenting employees receive, despite not paying dues, also include representation during arbitration proceedings.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Capria |first=Francis |date=April 19, 2018 |title=Right-to-Work or Right-to-Free Ride? |url=https://law.marquette.edu/facultyblog/2018/04/19/right-to-work-or-right-to-free-ride/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420191214/https://law.marquette.edu/facultyblog/2018/04/19/right-to-work-or-right-to-free-ride/ |archive-date=April 20, 2019 |access-date=April 20, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Abood v. Detroit BoE'', the [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Supreme Court of the United States]] permitted public-sector unions to charge non-members agency fees so that employees in the public sector could be required to pay for the costs of representation, even as they opted not to be a member, as long as these fees are not spent on the union's political or ideological agenda. This decision was reversed, however, in ''Janus v. AFSCME'', with the Supreme Court ruling that such fees violate the First Amendment in the case of public-sector unions, arguing that all bargaining by a public-sector union can be considered political activity.

Masu adawa suna jayayya cewa dokokin haƙƙin aiki suna ƙuntata 'yancin haɗuwa, kuma suna iyakance irin yarjejeniyar da mutane da ke aiki tare zasu iya yi tare da ma'aikatansu ta hanyar hana ma'aikata da ma'aikata yarda da kwangila waɗanda suka haɗa da kudaden rabon gaskiya. Sun kuma yi jayayya cewa dokar Amurka ta sanya aikin wakilci mai kyau a kan kungiyoyin kwadago, don haka wadanda ba mambobi ba a jihohin da ke da 'yancin aiki na iya tilasta kungiyoyin kwadoro su samar da ayyukan korafi ba tare da diyya ba wanda mambobin kungiyar ke biya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Employer/Union Rights and Obligations |url=https://www.nlrb.gov/about-nlrb/rights-we-protect/your-rights/employer-union-rights-and-obligations |publisher=National Labor Relations Board}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kahlenberg da Marvit sun kuma yi jayayya cewa, aƙalla a ƙoƙarin zartar da dokar haƙƙin aiki a Michigan, ban da 'yan sanda da ƙungiyoyin masu kashe gobara - a al'ada ba su da ƙiyayya ga' yan Republican - daga dokar ta sa wasu su yi tambaya game da ikirarin cewa dokar ƙoƙari ne kawai don inganta yanayin kasuwancin Michigan, ba don neman fa'ida ba.

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2012, marubucin 'yanci J. D. Tuccille ya rubuta a cikin Reason: &quot;Ina la'akari da ƙuntatawa na haƙƙin aiki da dokokin da ke ɗorawa kan ciniki tsakanin ƙungiyoyi da kamfanoni don keta' [['Yancin kwangila|'yancin kwangila]] da ƙungiyoyi. ... Na yi takaici cewa jihar ta, sake, ta saka kanta cikin kasuwa don sanya yatsan hannu a kan sikelin a cikin wasan da ba a ƙare ba na yin kasuwanci da aiki da juna. ... Wannan ba ga waɗannan ƙungiyoyi koyaushe suna da kyau. &quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tuccille |first=J.&amp;nbsp;D. |date=December 12, 2012 |title=When Right-To-Work Is Wrong and Un-Libertarian - Hit &amp; Run |url=http://reason.com/blog/2012/12/12/when-right-to-work-is-wrong-and-un-liber |access-date=May 2, 2015 |website=Reason.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nazarin tasirin tattalin arziki ==
Nazarin da yawa game da tasirin dokokin haƙƙin aiki sun wanzu amma suna samun sakamako daban-daban. Bincike ya gano duka &quot;wasu sakamako mai kyau akan ci gaban aiki&quot; kuma babu wani tasiri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Samples |first=Susan |date=December 12, 2012 |title=Studies mixed on right-to-work's impact |url=http://www.woodtv.com/dpp/news/michigan/studies-mixed-on-right-to-works-impact |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121213120316/http://www.woodtv.com/dpp/news/michigan/studies-mixed-on-right-to-works-impact |archive-date=December 13, 2012 |publisher=[[WOOD-TV]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani takarda na 2019 a cikin ''Binciken Tattalin Arziki na Amurka'' daga masana tattalin arziki daga MIT, [[Jami'ar Stanford|Stanford]], da Ofishin Ƙididdigar Amurka, wanda ya bincika masana'antun masana'antu na Amurka 35,000, ya gano cewa &quot;yanayin kasuwanci, kamar yadda aka auna ta dokokin haƙƙin aiki, yana haɓaka ayyukan gudanarwa. &quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=May 2019 |title=What Drives Differences in Management |journal=American Economic Review |publisher=American Economic Association |volume=109 |doi=10.1257/aer.20170491 |s2cid=159059890 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;Wani binciken da aka yi a shekarar 2026 a cikin American Sociological Review ya gano cewa dokokin haƙƙin aiki ba su da tasiri a kan tattalin arziki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Rhodes |first=Alec P. |last2=VanHeuvelen |first2=Tom |date=2026 |title=State Right to Work Laws and Economic Dynamism in U.S. Counties, 1946 to 2019 |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/00031224261433186 |journal=American Sociological Review |doi=10.1177/00031224261433186 |issn=0003-1224 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dangane da binciken da aka buga a cikin American Journal of Sociology, dokokin haƙƙin aiki suna haifar da Rashin daidaito na tattalin arziki ta hanyar rage ikon ƙungiyoyin kwadago.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=VanHeuvelen |first=Tom |date=March 1, 2020 |title=The Right to Work, Power Resources, and Economic Inequality |url=http://osf.io/7qb56/ |journal=American Journal of Sociology |volume=125 |issue=5 |pages=1255–1302 |doi=10.1086/708067 |issn=0002-9602 |s2cid=219517711 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Da yake duban ci gaban jihohi a kudu maso gabas bayan yakin duniya na biyu, masanin tattalin arziki Tim Bartik ya ce yayin da waɗannan jihohin ke da dokokin haƙƙin aiki, sun kuma amfana daga &quot;al'amuran kamar yaduwar amfani da sanyaya iska da hanyoyi daban-daban na sufuri waɗanda suka taimaka wajen rarraba masana'antu&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Evans |first=Gordon |date=December 10, 2012 |title=Upjohn Institute economist on right to work laws |url=http://wmuk.org/post/upjohn-institute-economist-right-work-laws |access-date=February 26, 2017 |publisher=WMUK}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Masanin tattalin arziki Thomas Holmes ya yi jayayya cewa yana da wahala a bincika dokokin haƙƙin aiki ta hanyar kwatanta jihohi saboda wasu kamanceceniya tsakanin jihohin da suka zartar da waɗannan dokoki. Misali, jihohin haƙƙin aiki galibi suna da manufofi masu ƙarfi na kasuwanci, suna sa ya zama da wahala a ware tasirin dokokin haƙƙin aiki.&lt;ref name=&quot;Holmes&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Holmes |first=Thomas J. |year=1998 |title=The Effect of State Policies on the Location of Manufacturing: Evidence from State Borders |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-political-economy_1998-08_106_4/page/667 |journal=Journal of Political Economy |volume=106 |issue=4 |pages=667–705 |doi=10.1086/250026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Holmes ya kwatanta yankuna da ke kusa da iyaka tsakanin jihohi tare da kuma ba tare da dokokin haƙƙin aiki ba, don haka yana riƙe da jerin abubuwan da suka shafi yanayin ƙasa da yanayi. Ya gano cewa yawan ci gaban aiki a masana'antu a cikin jihohin da ke da 'yancin aiki ya kasance kashi 26% mafi girma fiye da wannan a cikin jihohi marasa 'yancin yin aiki. Idan aka ba da ƙirar binciken, Holmes ya rubuta cewa &quot;sakamakon da na samu bai ce dokokin haƙƙin aiki ba ne, amma a maimakon haka cewa 'kunshin kasuwanci' da jihohin haƙƙin aiki suka bayar yana da mahimmanci&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Holmes |first=Thomas |year=2000 |title=The Location of Industry: Do States' Policies Matter? |url=http://www.cato.org/pubs/regulation/regv23n1/holmes.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Regulation |volume=50 |issue=1 |pages=47–50 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211093106/https://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/regulation/2000/4/holmes.pdf |archive-date=February 11, 2017 |access-date=November 25, 2022 |via=Cato Institute}}&lt;/ref&gt;Bugu da ƙari, kamar yadda Kevin Drum da sauransu suka lura,  wannan sakamakon na iya nuna sake komawa kasuwanci maimakon ingantaccen ci gaban tattalin arziki gaba ɗaya tunda, kamar yadda Drum ya rubuta, &quot;kasuwanci sun fi son zama a jihohin da farashi ba su da kyau kuma dokoki ba su da ƙarfi&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Drum |first=Kevin |date=February 28, 2011 |title=Unions and Growth |url=https://www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2011/02/unions-and-growth |access-date=May 2, 2015 |website=Mother Jones}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zabe ==
A watan Janairun 2012, nan da nan bayan wucewar dokar 'yancin aiki ta Indiana, binciken tarho na Rasmussen Reports &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 10, 2018 |title=Pollster: Rasmussen Research has a pro-GOP bias |url=https://thehill.com/hilltv/what-americas-thinking/405965-pollster-rasmussen-research-has-a-pro-gop-bias |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911012626/https://thehill.com/hilltv/what-americas-thinking/405965-pollster-rasmussen-research-has-a-pro-gop-bias |archive-date=September 11, 2018 |access-date=April 14, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya gano cewa kashi 74% na masu jefa kuri'a ba su yarda da tambayar &quot;Ya kamata ma'aikatan da ba na ƙungiyar ba za a buƙaci doka ta biya kuɗin ƙungiyar idan kamfanin da suke aiki da shi ya zama ƙungiyar kwadago?&quot; amma sun gano cewa &quot;yawancin ba sa tunanin cewa ma'aikacin da ba na kungiyar ya kamata ya ji daɗin fa'idodin da ƙungiyar ta tattauna. &quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 31, 2012 |title=74% Favor Right-to-Work Law Eliminating Mandatory Union Dues - Rasmussen Reports™ |url=http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/business/jobs_employment/january_2012/74_favor_right_to_work_law_eliminating_mandatory_union_dues |access-date=May 2, 2015 |publisher=Rasmussenreports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin Janairu zuwa Maris 2013, kashi 43% na waɗanda aka bincika sun yi imanin cewa dokar za ta taimaka wa tattalin arzikin Michigan, yayin da kashi 41% suka yi imanin gore za ta cutar da ita.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 2013 |title=Poll: Michigan evenly divided on right-to-work law |url=http://www.mlive.com/politics/index.ssf/2013/03/poll_michigan_evenly_divided_o.html |access-date=May 2, 2015 |publisher=MLive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=Winter 2013 |title=SOSS 64 |url=http://ippsr.msu.edu/survey-research/state-state-survey-soss/soss-data/soss-64-winter-2013 |access-date=September 22, 2018 |publisher=Michigan State University Institute for Public Policy and Social Research }}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taimako na siyasa ==
A cikin 2012, Shugaba [[Barack Obama]] ya yi adawa da dokar haƙƙin aiki a Michigan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2012 |title=Obama criticizes Michigan right-to-work bills |url=https://www.salon.com/2012/12/10/obama_criticizes_michigan_right_to_work_bills/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130103100730/https://www.salon.com/2012/12/10/obama_criticizes_michigan_right_to_work_bills/ |archive-date=January 3, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2017, 'yan jam'iyyar Republican na Majalisa sun gabatar da doka don dokar haƙƙin aiki ta ƙasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 2017 |title=Republicans Want to Pass a Federal Right-To-Work Law |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/republicans-pursue-national-right-to-work-law-while-they-hold-the-reins-in-washington_n_5891fb30e4b0522c7d3e354d}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Jihohin Amurka da ke da dokokin haƙƙin aiki ==
[[File:Right_to_Work_states.svg|right|thumb|400x400px|&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Legend/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{legend|#008080|Right-to-work law}}&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Legend/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{legend|#d3d3d3|No right-to-work law}}]]
Ya zuwa Mayu 2024, jihohi 26 masu zuwa suna da dokokin haƙƙin aiki: &lt;ref name=&quot;RTW_states_list&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Right To Work States Timeline |url=https://nrtwc.org/facts/state-right-to-work-timeline-2016/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710062937/https://nrtwc.org/facts/state-right-to-work-timeline-2016/ |archive-date=July 10, 2018 |access-date=August 26, 2019 |website=National Right To Work Committee}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Columns-list|* [[Alabama]] (adopted 1953, [[Constitution of Alabama|Constitution]] 2016)
* [[Arizona]] ([[Constitution of Arizona|Constitution]], adopted 1946)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nrtw.org/c/azrtwlaw.htm|title=Right to Work Laws: Arizona &amp;#124; National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation|publisher=Nrtw.org|access-date=May 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Arkansas]] ([[Constitution of Arkansas|Constitution]], adopted 1947)
* [[Florida]] ([[Constitution of Florida|Constitution]], adopted 1944, revised 1968)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Florida Constitution|url=http://www.leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/Index.cfm?Mode=Constitution&amp;Submenu=3&amp;Tab=statutes#A1S06|website=The Florida Legislature|access-date=July 11, 2014|archive-date=July 16, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716225554/http://www.leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/index.cfm?Mode=Constitution#A1S06|url-status=live}}&lt;br /&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nrtw.org/c/flrtwlaw.htm|title=Right to Work States: Florida &amp;#124; National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation|publisher=Nrtw.org|access-date=May 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] (adopted 1947)
* [[Idaho]] (adopted 1985)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Wines|first=William A.|date=1988|title=An Analysis of the 1986 Right-to-Work Referendum in Idaho|url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/labljo39&amp;id=622&amp;div=&amp;collection=|journal=Labor Law Journal|volume=39|pages=622}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Indiana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;indystar.com&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Indiana Gov. Daniels signs 'right to work' bill; protest winds through Super Bowl Village|date=February 1, 2012|first1=Mary Beth|last1=Schneider|first2=Chris|last2=Sikich|url=http://www.indystar.com/article/20120201/NEWS05/120201020/Daniels-signs-hard-fought-right-work-measure|newspaper=[[The Indianapolis Star]]|access-date=February 1, 2012|archive-date=February 4, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204111925/http://www.indystar.com/article/20120201/NEWS05/120201020/Daniels-signs-hard-fought-right-work-measure?|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; (adopted 2012)
* [[Iowa]] (adopted 1947)
* [[Kansas]] ([[Wyandotte Constitution|Constitution]], adopted 1958)
* [[Kentucky]] (adopted 2017)
* [[Louisiana]] (adopted 1976)
* [[Mississippi]] ([[Constitution of Mississippi|Constitution]], adopted 1954)
* [[Nebraska]] ([[Nebraska#Law and government|Constitution]] and statute, adopted 1946)
* [[Nevada]] (adopted 1951)
* [[North Carolina]] (adopted 1947)
* [[North Dakota]] (adopted 1947)
* [[Oklahoma]] ([[Constitution of Oklahoma|Constitution]], adopted 2001)
* [[South Carolina]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t41c007.php|title=South Carolina Code of Laws § 41-7-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; (adopted 1954)
* [[South Dakota]] (adopted 1946)
* [[Tennessee]] (adopted 1947, [[Constitution of Tennessee|Constitution]] 2022)
* [[Texas]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://nrtwc.org/facts/state-right-to-work-timeline-2016/|title=State Right-to-Work Timeline|publisher=National Right to Work Committee|access-date=October 29, 2017|archive-date=July 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710062937/https://nrtwc.org/facts/state-right-to-work-timeline-2016/|url-status=live}}&lt;br /&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Docs/LA/htm/LA.101.htm|title=LABOR CODE CHAPTER 101. LABOR ORGANIZATIONS|publisher=Statutes.legis.state.tx.us|access-date=May 2, 2015|archive-date=February 14, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214133859/http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Docs/LA/htm/LA.101.htm|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; (adopted 1947, revised 1993)
* [[Utah]] (adopted 1955)
* [[Virginia]] (adopted 1947)
* [[West Virginia]] (adopted 2016)&lt;ref name=WP_WV &gt;{{ cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/02/04/amid-rancourous-debate-west-virginia-sets-right-to-work-bill-on-path-to-near-certain-passage | title=West Virginia House passes right-to-work bill after harsh debate | last=DePillis | first=Lydia | newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | date=February 4, 2016 | access-date=July 24, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324162622/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/02/04/amid-rancourous-debate-west-virginia-sets-right-to-work-bill-on-path-to-near-certain-passage/ | archive-date=March 24, 2016 | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=West Virginia Supreme Court upholds 'right-to-work' law|url=https://apnews.com/58ab75ea91c6bb55069561bfbfd728fd|date=April 21, 2020|website=AP NEWS|access-date=May 1, 2020|archive-date=April 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430053107/https://apnews.com/58ab75ea91c6bb55069561bfbfd728fd|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Wisconsin]] (adopted 2015)
* [[Wyoming]] (adopted 1963)}}Yankin [[Guam]] kuma yana da dokokin haƙƙin aiki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 15, 2000 |title=Right to Work States: Guam &amp;#124; National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation |url=http://www.nrtw.org/c/guamrtwlaw.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150509213747/http://nrtw.org/c/guamrtwlaw.htm |archive-date=May 9, 2015 |access-date=May 2, 2015 |publisher=Nrtw.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]] tana bawa ma'aikata damar fita daga shiga ƙungiyar kwadago, amma ana ba da izinin ƙungiyoyi su cajin ƙaramin kuɗi ga ma'aikatan da suka fita.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ohio Right to Work Laws |url=https://statelaws.findlaw.com/ohio-law/ohio-right-to-work-laws.html |quote=Although Ohio is part of America's &quot;Rust Belt,&quot; with a long history of labor organizations, the state has adopted a very limited right-to-work law. Specifically, the law states that union membership or non-membership employment conditions are &quot;contrary to public policy and void.&quot; So employees are not required to join a union.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin raba gardama na 1958, masu jefa kuri'a a Ohio sun ki amincewa da haƙƙin aiki da kuri'u 2,001,512 zuwa 1,106,324.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Fenton |first=John H. |date=1959 |title=The Right-to-Work Vote in Ohio |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2109251 |journal=Midwest Journal of Political Science |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=241–253 |doi=10.2307/2109251 |issn=0026-3397 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Masu jefa kuri'a sun sake kin amincewa da haƙƙin aiki ta hanyar irin wannan gefen a cikin raba gardama na 2011. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fields |first=Reginald |date=2011-11-09 |title=Ohio voters overwhelmingly reject Issue 2, dealing a blow to Gov. John Kasich |url=https://www.cleveland.com/politics/2011/11/ohio_voters_overwhelmingly_rej.html |access-date=2026-08-28 |website=cleveland |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dokokin cikin gida ko waɗanda aka soke ===
Wasu jihohi suna da dokokin haƙƙin aiki a baya, amma sun soke su ko kuma sun bayyana su marasa inganci. Har ila yau, akwai wasu yankuna da kananan hukumomi da ke cikin jihohi ba tare da dokokin haƙƙin aiki ba waɗanda suka zartar da dokokin gida don hana yarjejeniyar tsaro ta ƙungiyar.

==== Delaware ====
Seaford ta zartar da dokar haƙƙin aiki a cikin 2018, duk da cewa Mai ba da shawara na Jiha yana jayayya da ikon kananan hukumomi don yin hakan a ƙarƙashin dokar Delaware.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Overturf |first=Madeleine |date=January 16, 2018 |title=City of Seaford Formally Announces &quot;Right to Work&quot; Ordinance |url=http://www.wboc.com/story/37279230/city-of-seaford-formally-announces-right-to-work-ordinance |access-date=March 30, 2019 |website=[[WBOC-TV]] |language=en}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Goss |first=Scott |date=November 17, 2017 |title=Delaware AG: Sussex cannot approve right-to-work law |url=https://www.delawareonline.com/story/news/politics/2017/11/17/delaware-ag-sussex-cannot-approve-right-to-work-law/873766001/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240301192847/https://www.delawareonline.com/story/news/politics/2017/11/17/delaware-ag-sussex-cannot-approve-right-to-work-law/873766001/ |archive-date=March 1, 2024 |access-date=April 12, 2024 |website=[[Delaware Online]] |publisher=[[The News Journal]] |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Babban Taron Delaware ya toshe dokar birni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Goss |first=Scott |date=June 22, 2018 |title=Delaware Legislature passes bill to kill right-to-work in Sussex County |url=https://www.delawareonline.com/story/news/politics/2017/11/17/delaware-ag-sussex-cannot-approve-right-to-work-law/873766001/ |access-date=April 12, 2024 |website=Delaware Online |publisher=The News Journal |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Illinois ====
Lincolnshire ta zartar da dokar haƙƙin aiki ta gida, amma Kotun daukaka kara ta Amurka ta bakwai ta soke ta. Wani roko ga [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun Koli ta Amurka]] ya haifar da barin shari'ar a matsayin abin da ba a sani ba saboda a cikin lokacin da Illinois ta zartar da Dokar 'Yanci ta Kasuwanci ta Illinois don soke irin waɗannan dokokin gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Docket for 18-1070 |url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/18-1070.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008180954/https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/18-1070.html |archive-date=October 8, 2020 |access-date=November 25, 2019 |publisher=Supreme Court of the United States}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=820 ILCS 12/ Collective Bargaining Freedom Act. |url=http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs3.asp?ActID=3937&amp;ChapterID=68 |access-date=November 25, 2019 |publisher=Illinois General Assembly}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin raba gardama na 2022, masu jefa kuri'a a Illinois sun amince da gyaran kundin tsarin mulki na jihar wanda ya kafa haƙƙin sulhu. Har ila yau, gyaran ya hana duk wani majalisa na jihar ko karamar hukuma na gaba daga zartar da dokar haƙƙin aiki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=O'Connor |first=John |date=2022-11-16 |title=Illinois voters approve collective bargaining amendment |url=https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Illinois-voters-approve-collective-bargaining-17587034.php |access-date=2022-11-18 |website=SF Gate |agency=Associated Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Indiya ====
Kafin wucewa a shekarar 2012, Babban Taron Indiana mai sarrafawa na Jamhuriyar Republican ya zartar da dokar haƙƙin aiki a shekarar 1957, wanda ya haifar da karɓar Jam'iyyar Democrat na Gidan Gwamna da Babban Taron a cikin zaɓen da ke zuwa, kuma a ƙarshe, sabuwar majalisar dokoki mai sarrafawa ta Democrat ta soke dokar haƙƙin yin aiki a shekarar 1965. An sake yin aiki da dama a shekarar 2012. 

==== Kentucky ====
A ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 2016, Kotun daukaka kara ta Amurka ta shida ta tabbatar da haƙƙin kananan hukumomi don aiwatar da dokokin haƙƙin aiki a [[Kentucky]]. Kentucky tana da dokoki 12 na gida. An kafa dokar jihar a shekarar 2017. 

==== Michigan ====
Michigan ta karɓi lissafin haƙƙin aiki a cikin 2012. Bayan da 'yan Democrat suka sami trifecta a cikin 2023, majalisar dokoki ta zartar da lissafin da ya soke dokar haƙƙin aiki, wanda daga baya Gwamna Gretchen Whitmer ya sanya hannu a cikin doka kuma ya fara aiki a cikin 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Whitmer repeals right-to-work, reinstates prevailing wage in Michigan |url=https://www.freep.com/story/news/politics/2023/03/24/michigan-right-to-work-prevailing-wage-law-gretchen-whitmer/70042340007/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Detroit Free Press |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Missouri ====
majalisa dokoki ta zartar da dokar haƙƙin aiki a cikin 2017, amma an kayar da dokar a cikin raba gardama na 2018 kafin ta iya aiki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kevin S. Held |date=August 7, 2018 |title=Right-to-work overturned as Prop A fails |url=https://fox2now.com/2018/08/07/right-to-work-overturned-as-prop-a-fails/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809060334/https://fox2now.com/2018/08/07/right-to-work-overturned-as-prop-a-fails/ |archive-date=August 9, 2018 |access-date=October 1, 2018 |website=[[KTVI]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unions notch win: Deep-red Missouri rejects right-to-work law - CNNPolitics |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/08/07/politics/missouri-right-to-work-vote/index.html/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810105132/https://edition.cnn.com/2018/08/07/politics/missouri-right-to-work-vote/index.html |archive-date=August 10, 2018 |access-date=January 30, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Missouri voters reject right-to-work, McCulloch loses, Stenger Wins |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/stlouis/news/2018/08/07/missouri-voters-reject-right-to-work.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215023921/https://www.bizjournals.com/stlouis/news/2018/08/07/missouri-voters-reject-right-to-work.html |archive-date=February 15, 2019 |access-date=November 25, 2019 |website=www.bizjournals.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Sabuwar Hamfshire ====
[[New Hampshire]] ta karɓi dokar haƙƙin aiki a cikin 1947, amma majalisar dokoki da gwamna sun soke shi a cikin 1949.

A cikin 2017, an kayar da lissafin haƙƙin aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta New Hampshire 200-177 . A cikin 2021, an sake gabatar da wannan lissafin amma an sake kayar da shi a Majalisar Wakilai 199-175 . 

==== Sabuwar Meziko ====
Dokar New Mexico a baya ba ta haramta ko kuma ta ba da izinin zama memba na ƙungiyar ba a matsayin yanayin aiki a matakin jihar, don haka ta bar shi ga hukumomin gida don kafa manufofin haƙƙin aiki. Gundumomi da yawa, musamman Chaves, Eddy, Lea, Lincoln, McKinley, Otero, Roosevelt, Sandoval, San Juan, da Sierro counties, ban da ƙauyen Ruidoso sun karɓi irin waɗannan dokoki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 25, 2018 |title=New right-to-work tactic: One piece at time |url=http://nmpoliticalreport.com/2018/04/25/new-right-to-work-tactic-one-piece-at-time/ |access-date=November 17, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Goth |first=Brenna |date=September 20, 2018 |title=Local Right-to-Work Rules Sweep New Mexico Counties |url=https://www.bna.com/local-righttowork-rules-n73014482667/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920200019/https://www.bna.com/local-righttowork-rules-n73014482667/ |archive-date=September 20, 2018 |access-date=March 30, 2019 |website=www.bna.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chief |first=Dan Boyd {{!}} Journal Capitol Bureau |date=January 30, 2019 |title=Bill would ban local 'right-to-work' laws |url=https://www.abqjournal.com/1274482/bill-would-ban-local-righttowork-laws.html |access-date=March 30, 2019 |website=www.abqjournal.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 22, 2019 |title=AFP-NM: Hang Ten |url=https://americansforprosperity.org/afp-nm-hang-ten/ |access-date=March 30, 2019 |website=Americans for Prosperity |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 4, 2019 |title=AFP: McKinley Moves on Right-to-Work |url=https://americansforprosperity.org/afp-mckinley-moves-on-right-to-work/ |access-date=March 30, 2019 |website=Americans for Prosperity |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2019, Majalisar Dokokin New Mexico ta amince da dokokin da suka haramta dokokin haƙƙin aiki na gida kuma sun kara bayyana cewa ana iya buƙatar membobin ƙungiyar da biyan kuɗin ƙungiyar a matsayin yanayin aiki a wuraren aiki da ke ƙarƙashin yarjejeniyar sulhu; Gwamna Michelle Lujan Grisham ne ya sanya hannu.  A cikin 2020, majalisar dokoki ta New Mexico ta zartar da Dokar Majalisar 364 wacce ke ba da izini da inganta amfani da ka'idojin Binciken katin ga ma'aikatan da ke la'akari da shirya cikin ƙungiyar ma'aikata. New Mexico a halin yanzu ba ta buƙatar Yarjejeniyar Aiki don ayyukan da jihar ke tallafawa, amma wasu yankuna na gida (musamman Bernalillo County da City of Albuquerque) suna da dokoki a wurin da ke buƙatar Yarjejeniyoyin Aiki na Aiki don ayyuka da aka tallafawa a cikin gida waɗanda suka wuce ƙayyadaddun ƙimar dala.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Community Workforce Agreement Passed in New Mexico’s Largest County; ABC Advocates Repeal Associated Builders and Contractors, September 23, 2020 |url=https://www.abc.org/News-Media/Newsline/entryid/18165/community-workforce-agreement-passed-in-new-mexico-s-largest-county-abc-advocates-repeal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120025306/https://abc.org/News-Media/Newsline/entryid/18165/community-workforce-agreement-passed-in-new-mexico-s-largest-county-abc-advocates-repeal |archive-date=January 20, 2022 |access-date=April 4, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Aikin da aka yi da yardar rai
* Kungiyoyin kwadago a Amurka
* Haɗin ƙungiyar ta jihar Amurka
* Dokar aiki ta Amurka

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Bikin Faɗuwar ruwa Wli</title>
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'''Bikin Faɗuwar Ruwan Wli''' biki ne na shekara-shekara wanda sarakuna da mutanen yankin gargajiya na Wli ke yi a yankin Volta na ƙasar Ghana.Ya ƙunshi al'ummomin Todzi,Agoviefe da Afegame.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Wli Falls Festival in Volta|url=http://amedzofevillage.com/en/2016/04/16/323/|access-date=2020-08-20|language=en-US|archive-date=2019-09-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911104002/http://amedzofevillage.com/en/2016/04/16/323|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin lokaci ana yin bikin ne a cikin watan Satumba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Festivals|url=https://visitvoltaregion.com/festivals/|access-date=2020-08-20|website=Visit Volta Region|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507183805/https://visitvoltaregion.com/festivals/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Festivals Ghana-Easy Track Ghana|url=https://www.easytrackghana.com/cultural-overview-ghana_festivals.php|access-date=2020-08-20|website=www.easytrackghana.com|archive-date=2018-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025215133/https://www.easytrackghana.com/cultural-overview-ghana_festivals.php|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Goldstar Air {{!}} Tour Packages Volta Region|url=https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-20|website=flygoldstar.com}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wli waterfalls|Wli Falls]] yana da nisan kilomita 20 daga Hohoe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Editor|date=2016-02-24|title=Volta Region|url=https://touringghana.com/volta-region/|access-date=2020-08-20|website=touringghana.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Wli Falls Festival – FIANDAD GHANA LIMITED|url=https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/wli-falls-festival/|access-date=2020-08-20|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809095945/https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/wli-falls-festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Bukukuwa ==
A lokacin bikin ana shagulgula. Akwai kuma godiya ga sarakuna da mutanen al'ummomi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Republic of Ghana Embassy Berlin. Germany|url=http://h2829516.stratoserver.net/tourism/index.html|access-date=2020-08-20|website=h2829516.stratoserver.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Wli Falls Festival|url=https://viewghana.com/events/wli-falls-festival/|access-date=2020-08-20|website=viewGhana|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809094211/https://viewghana.com/events/wli-falls-festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhimmanci ==
Ana yin wannan biki don gode wa Allah saboda alheri da ya yi mu su na samar da ruwan da ba a saba gani ba kuma ya samar da su a matsayin tushen ruwa a yankin da babu ruwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Festival {{!}} The Embassy of the Republic of Ghana, Berlin, Germany|url=https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|access-date=2020-08-20|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813074601/https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=admin|date=2020-05-26|title=WLI FALLS FESTIVAL|url=https://visitvoltaregion.com/2020/05/26/wli-falls-festival/|access-date=2020-08-20|website=Visit Volta Region|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811235419/https://visitvoltaregion.com/2020/05/26/wli-falls-festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bikin Akwantutenten</title>
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'''Bikin Akwantutenten''' biki ne na shekara -shekara wanda sarakuna da mutanen Worawora ke yi a Gundumar Jasikan a Yankin Oti na Ghana a hukumance yankin Volta waɗanda Akans ne.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Festival {{!}} The Embassy of the Republic of Ghana, Berlin, Germany|url=https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|access-date=2020-08-17|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813074601/https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Editor|date=2016-02-24|title=Volta Region|url=https://touringghana.com/volta-region/|access-date=2020-08-17|website=touringghana.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Asantehene to Visit Volta Region|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/17034/asantehene-to-visit-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-17|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=6 October 2002|title=Worawora celebrate Akwantutenten festival|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Worawora-celebrate-Akwantutenten-festival-28093|access-date=2020-08-17|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=National Commission on Culture - Ghana - TRADITIONAL FESTIVALS IN GHANA|url=http://www.s158663955.websitehome.co.uk/ghanaculture/mod_print.php?archiveid=1829|access-date=2020-08-17|website=www.s158663955.websitehome.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin lokaci ana yin bikin ne a watan Satumba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Goldstar Air {{!}} Tour Packages Volta Region|url=https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-17|website=flygoldstar.com}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bukukuwa ==
A yayin bikin, akwai babban durbar sarakuna inda suke zama a cikin jihar kuma suna karɓar muƙamai daga talakawansu. Mutane ko'ina da sauran Akans suna zuwa garin Worawora don nuna bajintar su.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Akwantutenten Festival – FIANDAD GHANA LIMITED|url=https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/akwantutenten-festival/|access-date=2020-08-17|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809073035/https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/akwantutenten-festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ana yin al'ada ta tsarkakewa da kwantar da kujeru da wuraren ibada cikin baƙar fata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=admin|date=2020-05-26|title=AKWANTUTENTEN FESTIVAL OF THE PEOPLE OF WORAWORA (AKAN)|url=https://visitvoltaregion.com/2020/05/26/akwantutenten-festival-of-the-people-of-worawora-akan/|access-date=2020-08-17|website=Visit Volta Region|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806152656/https://visitvoltaregion.com/2020/05/26/akwantutenten-festival-of-the-people-of-worawora-akan/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhimmanci ==
Ana yin wannan biki don nuna ficewar mutanen Worawora waɗanda suka yi ƙaura daga Kuntunase a Ashanti-land zuwa mazauninsu na yanzu. Bikin ya shafi aikin hajji zuwa tsoffin ƙauyukansu sama da tsaunuka inda suke tsallake tuddai inda ƙafafunsu suke.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Bikin Sasadu</title>
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      <text bytes="3859" sha1="krttop7y17oacta0oojcy38s9xakfe3" xml:space="preserve">[[Fayil:Flag of Ghana.svg|thumb|#WPWP #WPWPHA]]
[[Fayil:A wedding groom and the friends in Northern Ghana 01.jpg|thumb|#Wpwp #wpwpha]]
'''Bikin Sasadu''' biki ne na shekara -shekara wanda sarakuna da mutanen al'ummomin Sasadu ke yi Alavanyo, Afrofu, Saviefe da Sovie. Tana cikin Karamar Hukumar Hohoe a [[Yankin Volta]] na Ghana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sasadu Festival – FIANDAD GHANA LIMITED|url=https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/sasadu-festival/|access-date=2020-08-19|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809075816/https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/sasadu-festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-11-29|title=Alavanyo: 62-yr old man missing in suspected kidnapping, murder|url=http://citifmonline.com/2017/11/alavanyo-62-yr-old-man-missing-in-suspected-kidnapping-murder/|access-date=2020-08-19|website=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809075817/https://citifmonline.com/2017/11/alavanyo-62-yr-old-man-missing-in-suspected-kidnapping-murder/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin lokaci ana yin bikin ne a cikin watan Oktoba akan juzu'i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Goldstar Air {{!}} Tour Packages Volta Region|url=https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-19|website=flygoldstar.com}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Editor|date=2016-02-24|title=Volta Region|url=https://touringghana.com/volta-region/|access-date=2020-08-19|website=touringghana.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; SASADU laƙabi ne na Sovie, Alavanyo, Saviefe, Ƙungiyar Ci gaban Akrofu wanda ke nuna alamar haɗin kai da zaman lafiya tsakanin al'ummomi huɗu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2010-11-07|title=Agriculture is backbone to &quot;Better Ghana Agenda&quot; - Veep|url=https://myjoyonline.com/news/agriculture-is-backbone-to-better-ghana-agenda-veep/|access-date=2020-08-19|website=MyJoyOnline.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bukukuwa ==
A lokacin biki, akwai babban durbar sarakuna saboda bikin girman kai da shahara ne.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Festival {{!}} The Embassy of the Republic of Ghana, Berlin, Germany|url=https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|access-date=2020-08-19|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813074601/https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Festivals Ghana - Easy Track Ghana|url=https://www.easytrackghana.com/cultural-overview-ghana_festivals.php|access-date=2020-08-19|website=www.easytrackghana.com|archive-date=2018-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025215133/https://www.easytrackghana.com/cultural-overview-ghana_festivals.php|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Kyekye|first=Raymond|date=31 January 2009|title=National Commission on Culture- Ghana- 'Sasadu' Festival|url=http://www.s158663955.websitehome.co.uk/ghanaculture/mod_print.php?archiveid=1458|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhimmanci ==
An yi bikin don sake sabunta alaƙar 'yan uwantaka da ke tsakanin al'ummomin guda huɗu waɗanda ke da'awar sun kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka yi ƙaura daga Notsie a Togoland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=admin|date=2020-05-26|title=SASADU FESTIVAL|url=https://visitvoltaregion.com/2020/05/26/sasadu-festival/|access-date=2020-08-19|website=Visit Volta Region|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812012424/https://visitvoltaregion.com/2020/05/26/sasadu-festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Tourism, Volta Region|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/tourism/cms.php?ID=925|access-date=2020-08-19|website=www.ghanaweb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>The Bridge (2017 fim)</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345746610|The Bridge (2017 film)]]&quot;</comment>
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The Bridge fim ne na Najeriya na 2017 wanda [[Kunle Afolayan]] ya samar kuma ya ba da umarni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Bridge {{!}} Netflix |url=https://www.netflix.com/title/81165786 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=www.netflix.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=nollywoodreinvented |date=13 September 2019 |title=The Bridge |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2019/09/bridge.html |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=Nollywood REinvented |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Makirci ==
Wani yarima daga dangin sarauta ya yanke shawarar auren wata mace daga gidan mai arziki amma iyayensu ba su yarda da dangantakarsu ba saboda bambancin kabilanci. A sakamakon wannan sun yi aure a asirce. Wannan yana haifar da abubuwa da ke rushewa a rayuwarsu.[1][2][3]

== Masu ba da labari ==
 

== Manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bikin Agbamevo</title>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
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'''Bikin Agbamevo''' (bikin Kente) biki ne na shekara-shekara wanda sarakuna da mutanen yankin gargajiya na Agotime suke yi. Tana da nisan kilomita gabas da Ho a yankin Volta na Ghana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=19 September 2011|title=Agotime Konor ask government to support kente industry|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Agotime-Konor-ask-government-to-support-kente-industry-219246|access-date=2020-08-18|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Agbewode|first=Samuel|date=8 September 2009|title=Ghana: Chiefs and People of Agortime Celebrate Agbamevor Za in Style|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200909090867.html|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=All Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Akan yi bikin ne a watan Agusta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Goldstar Air {{!}} Tour Packages Volta Region|url=https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-18|website=flygoldstar.com}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Visit Ghana {{!}} Kpetoe Kente Weaving Village|url=https://visitghana.com/attractions/kpetoe-kente-weaving-village/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Visit Ghana|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ga-Adangbes ne.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2016-02-24|title=Volta Region|url=https://touringghana.com/volta-region/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=touringghana.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kalmar Agbamevo tana nufin 'tufafi' a cikin yaren Ewe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=&quot;Agbamevo: The Voice of the Ewe Kente Weaver,&quot; exhibit through May 1 {{!}} North Central College Fine &amp; Performing Arts|url=https://finearts.northcentralcollege.edu/news/agbamevo-voice-ewe-kente-weaver-exhibit-through-may-1|access-date=2020-08-18|website=finearts.northcentralcollege.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Biki ==
A yayin wannan biki, an baje kolin sarakunan gargajiya da jama'arsu, sun baje kolin na Kente iri-iri. Haka kuma akwai gasar masu saƙa ta Kente kuma mafi kyawu shi ne ya lashe kyautar. A cikin maraice, akwai kuma 'Miss Kente' inda ake zabar su.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Festivals Ghana - Easy Track Ghana|url=https://www.easytrackghana.com/cultural-overview-ghana_festivals.php|access-date=2020-08-18|website=www.easytrackghana.com|archive-date=2018-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025215133/https://www.easytrackghana.com/cultural-overview-ghana_festivals.php|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhimmanci ==
An yi bikin ne saboda mutanen Agotime sun yi ikirarin cewa sun bullo da fasahar sakar Kente a Ghana. Yana jan hankalin mutane na nesa da na kusa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Festival {{!}} The Embassy of the Republic of Ghana, Berlin, Germany|url=https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|access-date=2020-08-18|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813074601/https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bikin Amu</title>
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'''Amu''' ko '''Bikin Shinkafa''' bikin girbi ne na shekara-shekara da sarakuna da mutanen Vane ke yi wanda shi ne babban birnin gargajiya na mutanen Avatime.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Ghana Broadcasting Corporation|first=|date=6 September 2019|title=2019 Avatime Amu Festival launched in Accra|url=https://www.gbcghanaonline.com/general/2019-avatime-amu-festival-launched-in-accra/2019/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809074920/https://www.gbcghanaonline.com/general/2019-avatime-amu-festival-launched-in-accra/2019/|archive-date=2021-08-09|access-date=|website=GBC Ghana Online}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=People of Avatime celebrates Amu festival|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/657591/people-of-avatime-celebrates-amu-festival.html|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tana cikin gundumar Ho West a yankin Volta na Ghana. Akan yi bikin ne a makon da ya gabata a cikin watan Nuwamba zuwa Disamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Goldstar Air {{!}} Tour Packages Volta Region|url=https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-18|website=flygoldstar.com}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wasu kuma suna da'awar ana yin bikin ne a kusa da Satumba ko Oktoba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Amu Festival|url=http://amedzofevillage.com/en/2017/04/01/amu-festival-rice-festival/|access-date=2020-08-18|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Biki ==
Ana yin ganguna, raye-raye da wake-wake a lokacin bikin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Festival {{!}} The Embassy of the Republic of Ghana, Berlin, Germany|url=https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|access-date=2020-08-18|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813074601/https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Amu Festival – FIANDAD GHANA LIMITED|url=https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/amu-festival/|access-date=2020-08-18|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809074919/https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/amu-festival/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhimmanci ==
Ana gudanar da bikin ne a kan girbin shinkafa mai ruwan kasa kamar yadda sunan sa ya nuna.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-11-12|title=Avatime Traditional Area celebrates Amu Festival|url=https://www.ghanaiantimes.com.gh/avatime-traditional-area-celebrates-amu-festival/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Ghanaian Times|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2010-10-04|title=Amu festival re-launched to boost tourism and agricultural potential of Avatime|url=https://104.196.130.246/news/amu-festival-re-launched-to-boost-tourism-and-agricultural-potential-of-avatime/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=MyJoyOnline.com|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Dogbevi|first=Emmanuel|date=2010-10-02|title=Amu Festival of Avatime to attract tourists|url=https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2010/10/02/amu-festival-of-avatime-to-attract-tourists/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Ghana Business News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mutanen sun yi iƙirarin cewa sun yi ƙaura ne daga yankunan Ahanta da ke yankin Yamma kuma suka yi yaƙin neman wurin da suke zaune a yanzu daga mutanen asali.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2016-02-24|title=Volta Region|url=https://touringghana.com/volta-region/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=touringghana.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Festivals Ghana - Easy Track Ghana|url=https://www.easytrackghana.com/cultural-overview-ghana_festivals.php|access-date=2020-08-18|website=www.easytrackghana.com|archive-date=2018-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025215133/https://www.easytrackghana.com/cultural-overview-ghana_festivals.php|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ben-Collins Ndu</title>
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[[Fayil:Senator Ben-Collins Ndu 2013-10-20 00-13.jpg|thumb|sanetar Ben-Collins Ndu]]
[[Fayil:Senator Ben-Collins Ndu 2013-10-20 00-13.jpg|thumb|hoton sanata ben]]
'''Ben-Collins Ndu''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Nuwamban shekarar 1961) an zaɓe shi a matsayin Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Enugu ta Yamma ta [[Enugu (jiha)|Jihar Enugu]], [[Najeriya]] a watan Maris na 2001 yana neman [[Peoples Democratic Party|tsayawa takarar jam’iyyar Peoples Democratic Party]] (PDP).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://authorityngr.com/2022/05/11/enugu-west-2023-i-will-not-be-a-back-benchersenator-ndu-assures-constituents/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221023191929/https://authorityngr.com/2022/05/11/enugu-west-2023-i-will-not-be-a-back-benchersenator-ndu-assures-constituents/ |archive-date=2022-10-23 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ndu dan asalin  karamar hukumar [[Ezeagu]] ta jihar Enugu. Ya kasance dan takara a zaɓen da aka yi a watan Afrilun 1999 na dan majalisar dattawan Enugu ta Yamma, inda ya fafata da Reverend Hyde Onuaguluchi na jam’iyyar All People’s Party (APP), amma aka ayyana Onuaguluchi a matsayin zababben gwamnan. Ndu ya shigar da kara gaban kotun zabe bisa cewa an tafka magudi kuma an tafka kura-kurai wajen gudanar da zaben a kananan hukumomin [[Awgu]] da [[Aninri]] .  Bayan an daɗe ana fafatawa shari’a, a watan Maris na shekara ta 2001, Kotun Koli ta soke zaɓen Onuaguluchi kuma ta ba da umarnin sake yin sabon zaɓe.&lt;ref&gt;https://dailypost.ng/2022/05/10/enugu-2023-pdp-ad-hoc-delegates-congress-credible-ndu-faults-ekweremadus-claims/&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ndu ya cigaba da zama zababbe a kujerar Sanatan [[Enugu (birni)|Enugu]] ta Yamma.  An kuma naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin majalisar dattawa kan [[Hukumar Zaɓe mai zaman kanta ta ƙasa|hukumar zabe]] mai zaman kanta. Kafin zaben Afrilu 2003, Ndu ya yi takun-saka da Gwamnan Jihar Enugu Chimaroke Nnamani. Jam'iyyar PDP ta zaɓi [[Ike Ekweremadu]], shugaban ma'aikatan gwamnan a matsayin dan takarar su na Enugu ta yamma kuma ya ci zabe. &lt;ref name=&quot;dchamp924&quot; /&gt;

A ranar 31 ga Yulin shekarar 2013, an sanar da cewa an nada Ben-Collins Ndu Shugaban Cibiyar Gudanar da Fasaha ta Kasa. 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}{{Nigerian Senators of the 4th National Assembly}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haihuwan 1961]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Toky</title>
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[[Fayil:Toky 1.jpg|thumb|Toky]]
[[Fayil:Toky s gerb.png|thumb|Tambarin Toky]]
'''Toky''' ƙauye ce a cikin kwarin kogin Zbruch a cikin Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast a yammacin [[Ukraniya|Ukraine.]] Nasa ne na Skoryky rural hromada, daya daga cikin hromadas na Ukraine.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Скориковская громада&quot; (in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Tarihi ==
Akwai kangon waɗanda suka koma zamanin Kievan Rus' amma rubutun farko na ƙauyen bai kasance ba har sai a ranar 30 ga watan Maris 1430.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;&quot;Podillia residents remember their fellow-countryman, who became prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches&quot;. RISU. 4 June 2008.&lt;/ref&gt;  An gina ginin a ƙarshen karni na 16 ta Janusz Zbaraski (1553-1608), voivode na Bracław kuma bisa ga almara Jeremi Wiśniowiecki, &quot;Hammer of the Cossacks&quot; ya shafe yarintarsa a can.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Toky-ts-Preobrazhennia-11105085.jpg|thumb|wasu daga cikin manyan gine-ginen '''Toky''']]
Kogin ya yi iyaka ta  tsakanin daular Habsburg da Poland, ƙauyen ya fara a karni na 20 a ƙarƙashin ikon Habsburg amma sai ya zama wani yanki na Poland.  Akwai Cocin Katolika na Poland amma an rushe ta a zamanin Soviet.  An yi hasarar  Yahudawa masu yawa da girma a cikin Holocaust. 
[[File:61-246-0051 Toky Castle RB.jpg|thumb|Toky]]
Har zuwa a ranar 18 ga watan  Yuli 2020, Toky na Pidvolochysk Raion ne. An soke raion a cikin watan Yuli 2020 a matsayin wani ɓangare na sake fasalin gudanarwa na Ukraine, wanda ya rage adadin raions na Ternopil Oblast zuwa uku. An hade yankin Pidvolochysk Raion zuwa Ternopil Raion.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ&quot;. Голос України (in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18. Retrieved 2020-10-03.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Нові райони: карти + склад&quot; (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.&lt;/ref&gt;  

== Fitattun mutane ==

* Władysław Rubin (1917-1990), an haifi Cardinal Roman Katolika kuma ya yi ƙuruciyarsa a ƙauyen 

== Manazarta ==

[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Collins Obuya</title>
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'''Collins Omondi Obuya''' (an haife shi a ranar  27 ga watan Yulin shekara ta alif dari tara da tamanin da daya 1981), ɗan wasan [[Kurket|wasan kurket]] ne na kasar Kenya kuma tsohon kaftin na ƙungiyar cricket ta Kenya. Shi dan wasan batsa ne na hannun dama kuma dan wasan kwallon kafa ne.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2013-07-27|title=Collins Obuya: Kenya's star at the 2003 World Cup|url=https://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/collins-obuya-kenya-rsquo-s-star-at-the-2003-world-cup-29348|access-date=2021-07-27|website=Cricket Country|language=en-US}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Sen|first=Nilanjan|date=2018-08-25|title=World Cup 2003 - Rise of Kenya|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/cricket/world-cup-2003-rise-of-kenya|access-date=2021-07-27|website=www.sportskeeda.com|language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya yi fice a gasar cin kofin duniya ta Cricket a shekara ta 2003 inda ya kasance daya daga cikin 'yan wasan Kenya da suka taka rawar gani yayin da suka kai wasan kusa da na karshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=:: Cricket Kenya ::|url=http://cricketkenya.co.ke/player_details.php?player_id=3|website=cricketkenya.co.ke|access-date=2020-05-30|archive-date=2020-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702192636/http://cricketkenya.co.ke/player_details.php?player_id=3|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Obuya yana da mafi girman maki 103.  Ya kasance fitaccen memba na kungiyar wasan kurket ta Kenya tare da yin aiki kusan shekaru ashirin tun lokacin da ya fara halarta a duniya a shekarar 2001. 

'Yan uwansa Kennedy Obuya da David Obuya suma ƙwararrun ƴan wasan kurket ne waɗanda suma suka ci gaba da wakiltar Kenya a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. Ya kasance cikin tawagar farko ta T20I ta Kenya da kuma tawagar farko ta Kenya ta gasar cin kofin duniya ta T20.

== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
Ya kasance yana sayar da tumatur a kasuwar mahaifiyarsa don rayuwarsa kuma ya samu mafi yawan kudin shiga ta hanyarsa kafin gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar 2003.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Obuya need not sell tomatoes now|url=https://www.rediff.com/wc2003/2003/mar/14obuya.htm|access-date=2021-07-27|website=Rediff|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://m.timesofindia.com/cricket/obuya-need-not-hawk-tomatoes/articleshow/40293851.cms | title=Obuya need not hawk tomatoes - Times of India | website=[[The Times of India]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2003-04-10|title=Bears eye Obuya|language=en-GB|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/counties/warwickshire/2937597.stm|access-date=2021-07-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara wasan kurket din tun da farko a matsayin matsakaicin ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando amma ya koma wasan kwallon kwando bayan kallon wasan kwallon kwando na tsohon dan wasan kasar Pakistan Mushtaq Ahmed tun yana yaro a gasar cin kofin duniya ta Cricket na shekarar 1996.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2003-03-20|title=Obuya at home with tomatoes and leg-breaks|url=http://beta.dawn.com/news/88622/obuya-at-home-with-tomatoes-and-leg-breaks|access-date=2021-07-27|website=DAWN.COM|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kuma yi niyyar zama likita da farko lokacin da ''BBC Sport'' ta ruwaito shi a 2003.

== Aikin cikin gida ==
Nasarar da ya samu a gasar ta sa Warwickshire ta ba shi kwantiragin shekara guda don buga wasan kurket a Ingila a kakar wasa ta shekarar 2003 sakamakon rawar da ya taka a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2003.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Halford|first=Brian|date=2017-12-12|title=Short-lived Edgbaston career still a highlight for Collins Obuya|url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/sport/cricket/short-lived-edgbaston-career-still-14028521|access-date=2021-07-27|website=BirminghamLive|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Kenyan World Cup star signs for Warwickshire|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/kenyan-world-cup-star-signs-for-warwickshire-124223|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2003-04-22|title=Warwickshire sign Obuya|language=en-GB|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/counties/warwickshire/2968021.stm|access-date=2021-07-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wasan bai yi nasara ba duk da cewa ya zira kwallaye 50 a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai na farko kuma ya halarci rabin dozin Twenty20 cricket wasanni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Suraj Choudhari|date=2015-07-27|title=Collins Obuya: 12 interesting facts to know about the bowler turned batsman|url=https://www.cricketcountry.com/criclife/collins-obuya-12-interesting-facts-to-know-about-the-bowler-turned-batsman-506315|access-date=2021-07-27|website=Cricket Country|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727171520/https://www.cricketcountry.com/criclife/collins-obuya-12-interesting-facts-to-know-about-the-bowler-turned-batsman-506315|archive-date=2021-07-27|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara halartan T20 a ranar 13 ga watan Yunin 2003 da Somerset.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Full Scorecard of Warwickshire vs Somerset Midlands/Wales/West Group 2003 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/twenty20-cup-2003-124121/somerset-vs-warwickshire-midlands-wales-west-group-129597/full-scorecard|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Zamansa tare da Warwickshire ya riga ya faɗuwa a cikin aikin Obuya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Guardian Staff|date=2003-09-23|title=The verdict|url=http://www.theguardian.com/sport/2003/sep/23/cricket.comment1|access-date=2021-07-27|website=The Guardian|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zaman gundumar sa bai dade ba bayan ya samu rauni a gwiwa. Ya kuma sha wahala daga appendicitis don haka ya rasa 2004 ICC Champions Trophy.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Kenya recall Modi and Collins Obuya|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/kenya-recall-modi-and-collins-obuya-240218|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Collins Obuya heads east to train with Jenner|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/collins-obuya-heads-east-to-train-with-jenner-227281|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Obuya hopes Jenner can kick-start career|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/obuya-hopes-jenner-can-kick-start-career-226241|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba, ya shiga yajin aikin 'yan wasa kuma ya bar Ingila ya tafi Afirka ta Kudu. Saboda rashin gudanar da wasa, Obuya ya fara kokawa da wasan ƙwallon kwando, kuma a watan Nuwambar 2005, ya tafi Australia don horar da kocin wasan ƙwallon kwando Terry Jenner.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Kenya recall Modi and Collins Obuya|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/kenya-recall-modi-and-collins-obuya-240218|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Collins Obuya heads east to train with Jenner|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/collins-obuya-heads-east-to-train-with-jenner-227281|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Obuya hopes Jenner can kick-start career|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/obuya-hopes-jenner-can-kick-start-career-226241|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tafiyar ta mako biyar bata yi nasara ba, a sakamakon haka, Obuya ya yanke shawarar bunkasa bat dinsa domin ya iya taka leda a matsayin kwararre na dan wasa. Ya koma kulob din Weymouth a shekarar  2005 don Dorset Premier Division kuma ya koma kulob din Weymouth a 2007.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Obuya to rejoin Weymouth|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/obuya-to-rejoin-weymouth-287478|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kasa da kasa ==
Obuya ya wakilci Kenya a matakin 'yan kasa da shekara 19 kuma ya buga wa Kenya wasa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta Cricket ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta Cricket ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 a shekarar 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Full Scorecard of West Indies vs Kenya 1st ODI 2001 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/west-indies-tour-of-kenya-2001-61953/kenya-vs-west-indies-1st-odi-64722/full-scorecard|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haka kuma babban kociyan kungiyar Balwinder Sandhu na Kenya Under19 a lokacin gasar cin kofin duniya na U19 ya koya masa.  Daga baya an dauke shi a cikin manyan tawagar Kenya.

Ya yi wasansa na farko na ODI a ranar 15 ga watan Agustan 2001 a kan yammacin Indies.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/126932.html |title=Kenya stun Sri Lanka with electric fielding display |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |accessdate=11 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Family ties which shaped Kenyan cricket from the days of yore|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/sports/2020-11-06-family-ties-which-shaped-kenyan-cricket-from-the-days-of-yore/|access-date=2021-07-27|website=The Star|language=en-KE|archive-date=2022-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117015758/https://www.the-star.co.ke/sports/2020-11-06-family-ties-which-shaped-kenyan-cricket-from-the-days-of-yore/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-02-20|title=ICC World Cup 2003: Sri Lanka felled by Kenya|url=https://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/icc-world-cup-2003-sri-lanka-felled-by-kenya-253411|access-date=2021-07-27|website=Cricket Country|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727164506/https://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/icc-world-cup-2003-sri-lanka-felled-by-kenya-253411|archive-date=2021-07-27|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; An saka shi a cikin tawagar Kenya don gasar cin kofin duniya ta kurket a shekarar 2003 yayin da Kenya kuma ta dauki bakuncin 'yan wasa a lokacin gasar. Daga bisani ya fara fitowa gasar cin kofin duniya a lokacin gasar. Ya ci kwallaye 13 a matsakaicin matsakaicin maki 28.76 a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2003 kuma ya yi aiki mafi kyau 5 don 24 a wasan da Kenya ta doke Sri Lanka a Nairobi, nasarar farko da suka samu kan Sri Lanka a ODIs.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=April 2020|first=Cricket World Monday 6|title=Cricket Match Predictions: Kenya beat Bangladesh to make it to 2003 World Cup Super Sixes|url=https://www.cricketworld.com/cricket-match-predictions-kenya-beat-bangladesh-to-make-it-to-2003-world-cup-super-sixes/62781.htm|access-date=2021-07-27|website=Cricket World}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2016-02-18|title=20 years of Kenya cricket: 5 iconic moments|url=https://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/20-years-of-kenya-cricket-5-iconic-moments-402676|access-date=2021-07-27|website=Cricket Country|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727170009/https://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/20-years-of-kenya-cricket-5-iconic-moments-402676|archive-date=2021-07-27|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; An dauki nasarar da Kenya ta samu a kan Sri Lanka a matsayin wani babban bacin rai a gasar kurket ta duniya kuma Kenya ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe a gasar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=24 days to World Cup: When Collins Obuya stunned Sri Lanka|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/icc-world-cup/world-cup-countdown/2019/may/06/24-days-to-world-cup-when-collins-obuya-stunned-sri-lanka-1973437.html|access-date=2021-07-27|website=The New Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; 5/24 da ya yi ya kasance mafi kyawu a wasan kwallon raga a Kenya a gasar cin kofin duniya kuma an ba shi gwarzon dan wasa saboda nasarar da ya yi a wasan.  A lokacin yaƙin neman zaɓe na 2003 na gasar cin kofin duniya, ya sami shawarwari da shawarwarin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa daga ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Australiya Shane Warne .   Duk da haka, cikin sauri tawagar wasan kurket ta Kenya ta dushe bayan nasarar cin kofin duniya na 2003. 

Daga baya an kore shi daga cikin tawagar saboda rashin daidaiton wasannin da ya yi kuma ya zagaya Ostiraliya a 2005 don yin aiki kan dabarun wasan kwallon kwando. An tuna da shi a gefe a cikin 2006 don jerin wasanni huɗu na ODI da Bangladesh a Bangladesh . Shi tare da dan uwansa David sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tallafawa tare da mai samar da kayan ofis na Kenya CopyCat kafin gasar cin kofin duniya ta Cricket ta 2007, a lokacin da tawagar kasar da kanta ba ta da wani jami'in daukar nauyi.  Ya fara buga wasansa na farko na T20I a ranar 1 ga Satumba 2007 da Bangladesh a lokacin gasar 2007 ta Kenya Twenty20 Quadrangular .  Wasan sa na farko ya zo ne a wasan farko na T20I na Kenya kuma ya nuna wasan farko na T20I na Bangladesh. An kuma zaɓe shi don bugu na farko na gasar cin kofin duniya ta maza T20 na ICC a 2007 da aka gudanar a Afirka ta Kudu.

Mafi kyawun wasansa na ODI har zuwa yau shine 98 da ba a doke Australia ba a gasar cin kofin duniya ta ICC na 2011 duk da cewa ya ƙare cikin rashin nasara.   Innings da aka ambata a matsayin ɗayan mafi kyawun innings na ODI da ɗan Kenya ya yi a kan manyan al'ummar cricket.  Ya kuma kasance kan gaba a gasar cin kofin duniya na 2011 a Kenya inda ya kare da gudu 243 a wasanni shida a matsakaicin matsayi na 48.60 wanda ya hada da rabin karni biyu.  A cikin watan Yulin 2011, an nada shi a matsayin kyaftin din kungiyar wasan kurket ta Kenya wanda ya maye gurbin Jimmy Kamande bayan kamfen din gasar cin kofin duniya na 2011 ga Kenya.   Cricket Kenya ta dakatar da shi saboda wasanni biyu na dumi-dumi kafin gasar share fagen shiga gasar ICC ta duniya ta 2013 bayan wani hatsaniya da abokin wasansa Irfan Karim .   A watan Disamba na 2013, ya yi murabus a matsayin kyaftin na tawagar cricket ta Kenya bayan Kenya ta kasa samun cancantar shiga gasar ICC ta Duniya ta 2014 . 

A cikin Janairu 2018, an nada shi a cikin 'yan wasan Kenya don gasar cin kofin Cricket ta Duniya na 2018 ICC .  A watan Satumba na 2018, an nada shi a cikin tawagar Kenya don gasar cin kofin Afirka T20 na 2018 .  A watan Oktoba na 2018, an nada shi a matsayin kyaftin na tawagar Kenya don gasar cin kofin Cricket League ta duniya ta 2018 ICC a Oman.  Gabanin gasar, Obuya bai shiga cikin tawagar Kenya ba saboda wasu alkawuran da ya dauka. An maye gurbinsa da Narendra Kalyan, tare da Shem Ngoche ya zama kyaftin na kungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://mobile.nation.co.ke/sports/Kenya-skipper-Obuya-deserts-Cricket-team/1951244-4841540-7ti6hlz/index.html |title=Shock as Kenya skipper deserts team |work=Daily Nation |accessdate=9 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/sports/article/2001302035/kenya-lock-horns-with-hosts-oman |title=Kenya lock horns with hosts Oman |work=The Standard |accessdate=9 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Mayun 2019, an nada shi cikin tawagar Kenya don Gasar Gasar Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2018–19 ICC T20 a Uganda.    A watan Satumba na 2019, an saka shi cikin tawagar Kenya don gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2019 ICC T20 a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/sports/2019-09-25-national-team-selection-sparks-controversy/ |title=National team selection sparks controversy |work=The Star (Kenya) |accessdate=29 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dhiren Gondaria, Collins Obuya get Kenya off the mark|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/men-s-t20-wc-qualifier-2019-20-1199473/bermuda-vs-kenya-17th-match-group-a-1199515/match-report|access-date=2021-07-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gabanin gasar, Hukumar Cricket ta kasa da kasa (ICC) ta bayyana shi a matsayin babban dan wasa a tawagar Kenya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/averages/batting_bowling_by_team.html?id=13311;team=26;type=tournament |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup Qualifier, 2019/20 - Kenya: Batting and bowling averages |work=ESPN Cricinfo |accessdate=27 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shi ne ke kan gaba a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, inda aka kori goma sha daya a wasanni shida.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/sports/football/2019-11-16-the-46-year-old-swamibapas-bowler-is-a-surprise-inclusion-in-kenya-team-as-otieno-dropped-again/ |title=The 46-year-old Swamibapa's bowler is a surprise inclusion in Kenya team as Otieno dropped again |work=The Star (Kenya) |accessdate=17 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Nuwamba 2019, an saka shi cikin tawagar Kenya don gasar cin kofin duniya ta Cricket Challenge League B a Oman. 

A watan Oktoba na 2021, an saka shi cikin tawagar Kenya don wasan karshe na Yanki na 2021 ICC Men's T20 gasar cin kofin duniya na Afirka a Rwanda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://kenya-cricket.com/2021/10/26/patel-back-as-kenya-names-africa-regional-final-squad/ |title=Patel back as Kenya names Africa Regional Final squad |work=Kenya Cricket |date=26 October 2021 |access-date=26 October 2021 |archive-date=26 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026163314/https://kenya-cricket.com/2021/10/26/patel-back-as-kenya-names-africa-regional-final-squad/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* Collins Obuya at ESPNcricinfo
* Collins Obuya at CricketArchive (subscription required)
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1981]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Charlie Llewellyn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
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[[Fayil:1193422 Charlie Llewllyn.jpg|thumb|Charlie Llewellyn]]
'''Charles Bennett''' &quot; '''Buck''' &quot; '''Llewellyn''' (an haife shi a y 29 ga watan Satumbar 1876 - ya rasu a ranar 7 ga watan Yunin 1964), shi ne ɗan wasan kurket na Afirka ta Kudu na farko wanda ba farar fata ba. Ya bayyana a wasannin gwaji 15 don Afirka ta Kudu tsakanin shekarar 1895 zuwa ta 1912, kuma ya buga wasan kurket na Ingilishi a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan Hampshire tsakanin shekarar 1899 da ta 1910.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Charlie Llewellyn |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/player/charlie-llewellyn-45996 |website=Cricinfo |access-date=1 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Charlie Llewellyn |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/0/202/202.html|website=CricketArchive |access-date=1 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

== Rayuwa da aiki ==
An haife shi ba ta hanyar aure ba a Pietermaritzburg ga mahaifin Welsh da mahaifiyar Saint Helenan baƙar fata, Llewellyn mai duhu ido da duhu yana da ƙarancin girma a Natal, ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ruwa biyu. Ya nuna duk bajintar wasan kurket tun yana ƙarami a matsayin ɗan wasan basman na hagu mai wuya, mai jinkirin ɗaukar hannu na hagu (tare da isar da hagun mai haɗari  a matsayin wani ɓangare na arsenal ɗinsa) da kuma babban ɗan wasa, musamman a tsakiya.

Yayin da wariyar launin fata a ƙarshen ƙarni na goma sha tara na Afirka ta Kudu ya haifar da wasu manyan 'yan wasan da ba farar fata ba a cire su daga sassan wakilai, ikon Llewellyn ya ba da kansa a matsayin farar fata a wasu lokuta ( Wilfred Rhodes ya bayyana shi a matsayin &quot;kamar dan wasan Ingila mai tsananin rana&quot; ), ya taimaka wajen kawar da matsalar launin fata ga zaɓi kuma an zaɓe shi don yin wasansa na farko a Natal da Transvaal a ranar 13 ga watan Afrilun 1895, inda ya ɗauki wiki huɗu. Duk da yake yanzu an yarda da shi a matsayin ɗan wasan kurket, Llewellyn za a kira shi &quot;launi&quot; a duk tsawon rayuwarsa kuma akwai rahotanni na cin zarafi da suka shafi tsere daga wasu 'yan wasan Afirka ta Kudu.

Da yake burge shi da fasaha na wasan kurket, masu zaɓen suka zaɓe shi a fafatawa a Natal da Lord Hawke na Ingila XI, daga baya kuma suka zaɓi Llewellyn don yin gwajinsa na farko a Afirka ta Kudu da Ingila a [[Johannesburg]] a ranar 2 ga watan Maris, 1896, yana da shekaru 19 da kwanaki 155.
[[Fayil:Milly's hero (IA 12758028.2654.emory.edu).pdf|thumb]]
Llewellyn ya kasa shan wicket a wannan gwaji na farko kuma nan da nan aka cire shi daga ragowar jerin amma ya amsa ta hanyar yin ban sha'awa a gasar cin kofin Currie na shekarar 1897-1898 da 1898-1899, wanda ya kai ga kiransa ga tawagar kasar don gwajin farko na shekarar 1898-1899 da Ingila . Llewellyn ya burge ta da shan wikiti biyar amma abin mamaki an bar shi daga gwaji na biyu.

A ƙarshen shekarar 1898-1899 Llewellyn, wanda ayyukan waɗanda aka zaɓa suka damu da kuma neman tsaro na kuɗi, ya bar Afirka ta Kudu don buga wasa a ƙungiyar Cricket Club ta Hampshire County na Ingilishi a matsayin ƙwararren, bisa shawarar abokin wasan Afirka ta Kudu Manjo Robert Poore, tsohon ɗan wasan kurket na Hampshire akan aikin soja. &lt;ref name=&quot;Cricket Country&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/charles-llewellyn-arguably-south-africas-first-non-white-test-cricketer-192007 | title=Charles 'Buck' Llewellyn: Arguably South Africa's first non-white Test cricketer | work=Cricket Country | date=26 September 2016 | accessdate=26 August 2017 | author=Sengupta, Arunabha | orig-year=26 September 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170825232332/http://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/charles-llewellyn-arguably-south-africas-first-non-white-test-cricketer-192007 | archive-date=25 August 2017 | url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Zai yi tauraro a Hampshire sama da shekaru goma, inda ya zira ƙwallaye 8772 yana gudana a 27.58 kuma yana cin wickets 711 a 24.66. Siffar sa ta kasance kamar a cikin shekarar 1902 Llewellyn ya kasance mai suna a cikin rukunin Gwajin Farko na Ingilishi a kan masu yawon shakatawa na Australiya, ya ɓace a gefen ƙarshe. Duk da haka an haɗa shi a cikin kaftin ɗin Ingilishi mai ƙarfi Ranjitsinhji don rangadin Amurka wanda ya haɗa da Jessop, Sammy Woods, Archie MacLaren, Stoddart, Bosanquet da Townsend . 

A cikin 1902–1903 Llewellyn ya koma Afirka ta Kudu don yin wasa a cikin jerin Gwaji uku da Ostiraliya . Ya zura ƙwallaye 90 a Jarrabawar Farko, mafi girman makin gwajinsa, da kuma cin ƙwallaye tara a wasan. Llewellyn ya ɗauki wickets goma a gwaji na biyu da shida a cikin na uku don saman matsakaicin matsakaicin wasan a 17.92; Nasara mai ban mamaki idan aka yi la'akari da cewa Ostiraliya ta yi nasara da ci 2-0.

Llewellyn ya ci gaba da haskakawa ga Hampshire, wanda aka zaɓa ta zaɓinsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin 'yan Cricketers biyar na Wisden a cikin shekarar 1910, shekararsa ta ƙarshe a Hampshire. Daga nan ya zagaya Ostiraliya tare da tawagar Afirka ta Kudu, inda wasan tasa ya zama abinci ga Victor Trumper, kafin ya koma Ingila a shekarar 1911 don shiga kulob ɗin Accrington,&lt;ref name=&quot;LL Cricket&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=http://lancashireleague.com/Players/0/202/202.html | title=Charlie Llewellyn | publisher=[[Lancashire League Cricket]] | work=CricketArchive | accessdate=26 August 2017 | author=Nigel Stockley}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ta haka ya zama dan wasan kurket na farko da ya fara taka leda a gasar Lancashire . 

A cikin shekarar 1912, Afirka ta Kudu ta fitar da shi daga matakin ritaya na farko don taka leda a gasar Triangular, inda ya zira ƙwallaye 75 a gwaji na farko da Ingila a Lord's da kuma karin rabin karni da Australia a Ubangiji.

Llewellyn ya yi ritaya daga wasan kurket na gwaji bayan gasar triangular, bayan ya buga gwaje-gwaje 15 (biyar da Ingila da goma da Australia), ya ci 544 a guje a 20.14 da 48 a 29.60. Duk da haka ya ci gaba da yin tauraro a wasan kurket, a ƙarshe ya yi ritaya a cikin shekarar 1938 yana da shekaru 62.

Llewellyn ya karya cinyarsa a shekara ta 1960, wanda ya shafi motsinsa na tsawon rayuwarsa kuma ya mutu a Chertsey, Surrey a shekarar 1964, yana da shekaru 87. Ko da bayan mutuwarsa, Llewellyn ya kasance mai jayayya, kamar yadda 'yar Llewellyn, mazaunin Ingila, a cikin shekarar 1976, ya fito fili ya yi jayayya cewa shi ba farar fata ba ne, yana mai cewa mahaifiyarsa farar fata ce haifaffen Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;Allen 1976 bio&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/southafrica/content/story/139324.html | title=Charles Llewellyn - An early D'Oliveira | publisher=[[ESPN Cricinfo]] | work=[[The Cricketer]] | date=February 1976 | accessdate=23 August 2017 | author=Allen, Patrick}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Gadon Llewellyn a matsayin ɗan wasan kurket na Afirka ta Kudu na farko wanda ba farar fata ba ya kasance babba. A lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata an yi amfani da shi wajen nuna cewa ’yan wasan kurket waɗanda ba farar fata ba za su iya taka rawar gani kamar yadda takwarorinsu farar fata suke yi, yayin da masu sharhi na zamani suka yi nuni da zaɓen da aka yi na rashin gaskiya da aka yi wa Llewellyn na Afirka ta Kudu a duk tsawon rayuwarsa sakamakon wariyar launin fata saboda launin fatarsa. 

Yayin da Llewellyn ya kasance dan wasan kurket na Afirka ta Kudu na farko wanda ba farar fata ba, sai da Omar Henry ya shiga filin wasa da Indiya a watan Nuwambar 1992 Afrika ta Kudu ta samu ta biyu.

== Manazarta ==
&lt;references responsive=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;/references&gt;
== Duba kuma ==
* Merret, C. (2004) &quot;Wasanni da Race a cikin Natal Natal: CB Llewellyn, Cricketer Baƙi na Farko na Afirka ta Kudu&quot;, ''Ƙididdiga na Cricket'', Ƙungiyar Ƙididdiga ta Cricket da Tarihi, Winter 2004, No. 128, Nottingham.

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* Charlie Llewellyn at ESPNcricinfo
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević a 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb a 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević a 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb a 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević a 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb a 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević a 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb a 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević a 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb a 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević a 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb a 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević a 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb a 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb a 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb a 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb acikin (2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb acikin shekara ta(2017-2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb acikin shekara ta(2017-har zuwa 2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb acikin shekara ta(2017-har zuwa cikin 2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb acikin shekara ta(2017)har zuwa cikin shekara ta (2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb acikin shekara ta(2017)har zuwa cikin shekara ta (2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na shekarar 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb acikin shekara ta(2017)har zuwa cikin shekara ta (2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na shekarar 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga watan Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga Yuli 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>4kyv8452gb73e34vgcqdpyr2zj19hiu</sha1>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb acikin shekara ta(2017)har zuwa cikin shekara ta (2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na shekarar 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga watan Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga watan Yuli a shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na cikin 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb acikin shekara ta(2017)har zuwa cikin shekara ta (2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na shekarar 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga watan Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga watan Yuli a shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
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[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairu a shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na cikin 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta 1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb acikin shekara ta(2017)har zuwa cikin shekara ta (2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na shekarar 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga watan Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga watan Yuli a shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:ZagrebIsOURS TomislavTomasevic IMG 4235-saved-for-web-5-1-800x510.jpg|thumb|hutun Tomislav Tomašević]]
'''Tomislav Tomašević''' ( pronounced: [tǒmislaʋ tomǎːʃeʋitɕ]; an haife shi ranar 13 ga watan Janairu a shekarar 1982) ɗan siyasan Croatia ne, ɗan gwagwarmaya, masanin muhalli kuma masanin kimiyyar siyasa wanda ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Zagreb tun cikin shekara ta 2021. Yana daya daga cikin shugabannin Zagreb na gida namu ne! jam'iyyar siyasa da kasa za mu iya! jam'iyyar siyasa. Tun a zaben kananan hukumomin Zagreb na cikin shekara ta 2017, ya kasance wakili a Majalisar Zagreb. An kuma zabe shi a majalisar dokokin Croatia a zaben da akayi acikin shekara ta 2020. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ''jam'iyyar'' Green-Left Coalition.

Ya tsaya takarar magajin garin Zagreb a zaben [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] na cikin shekara ta 2021 sannan ya doke dan takarar na hannun daman Miroslav Škoro a zagaye na biyu, da tazarar kashi 64% zuwa 34%. A cikin zaben magajin gari na cikin 2021 a Zagreb, Tomašević ya sami adadin kuri'u a zagayen biyu.

== Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ===
An haifi Tomašević acikin shekara ta alif  1982 a [[Zagreb]], SR Croatia, Yugoslavia zuwa mahaifiyar Ivanka da mahaifin Smiljan. Shi da ɗan'uwansa Tihomir sun girma a Zapruđe kuma daga baya a Zaprešić yayin da dangin matasa suka ƙaura kafin ya dawo Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=R. T. L. |last=Vijesti |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Na korak je do mjesta gradonačelnika Zagreba: Tko je Tomislav Tomašević? |access-date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Vijesti.hr |language=hr |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613232107/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/izbori-2021/4035212/na-korak-je-do-mjesta-gradonacelnika-zagreba-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kawun Tomašević, Ivo Tomašević, limamin Katolika ne kuma fitaccen memba na taron Episcopal na [[Bosnia da Herzegovina]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Jutarnji&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomaseviceva-bitka-za-birace-centra-hoce-li-mu-stric-svecenik-i-otac-pravas-pomoci-da-pobijedi-15053857 |title=Tomaševićeva bitka za birače centra: Hoće li mu stric svećenik i otac pravaš pomoći da pobijedi |date=21 February 2021 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakannin ubansa su ne Bosnia Croats daga Vidovice kusa da Orašje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=M |last=Marković |url=https://www.maxportal.hr/vijesti/tomasevic-je-porijeklom-bosanac-otac-mu-je-desnicar-a-stric-ugledni-svecenik/ |title=Tomašević je porijeklom Bosanac, otac mu je desničar, a stric ugledni svećenik |publisher=Maxportal |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tomašević ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Political Science a Jami'ar Zagreb acikin shekara ta 2006, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu na muhalli, al'umma da ci gaba daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2013. Ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa da guraben karatu, gami da Marshal Memorial Fellowship, Chevening Fellowship da Cambridge Overseas Trust Fellowship.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipe&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ipe.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević |publisher=Institut za političku ekologiju |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa ta sirri ===
A cikin shekara ta 2016 ya auri matarsa Iva Mertić a cikin bikin Katolika.&lt;ref name=&quot;rtl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=6 July 2020 |title=Tko je Tomislav Tomašević i što stoji iza fenomena Možemo! - najvećih iznenađenja ovih izbora |url=https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=rtl.hr |language=hr |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215725/https://www.rtl.hr/vijesti-hr/novosti/hrvatska/parlamentarni-izbori-2020/kljucni-akteri/3846040/on-moze-naslijediti-bandica-tko-je-tomislav-tomasevic-i-sto-stoji-iza-fenomena-mozemo-najvecih-iznenadjenja-ovih-izbora/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yayi aiki da ƙwarewa a ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu daban-daban.

== Sana'ar siyasa ==

=== Ayyukan farko ===
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, a matsayin matashi mai [[Kare Muhalli|kare kare muhalli]] Tomašević ya shiga kungiyar mai zaman kanta Green Action.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.zagrebjenas.hr/tomislav-tomasevic-gradonacelnicki-kandidat/ |title=Tomislav Tomašević Biography at zagrebjenas.hr |website=zagrebjenas.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba da daɗewa ba ya zama mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na farko kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar matasa ta [[Croatian]] ( Croatian   ), Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Turai cikakkiyar mamba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 June 2006|title=Mreža mladih Hrvatske|url=http://mmh.hr/|access-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615184148/http://mmh.hr/|archive-date=15 June 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya zama shugaban Green Action daga 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Novi Upravni odbor i Vijeće Zelene akcije - Održana redovna Godišnja skupština Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124053/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/novi_upravni_odbor_i_vijece_zelene_akcije_odrzana_redovna_godisnja_skupstina_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da Bernard Ivčić, wanda ya dade mataimakinsa, ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a watan Yuni 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Izabran novi predsjednik Zelene akcije |url=https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |website=zelena-akcija.hr |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928124040/https://zelena-akcija.hr/hr/opcenito/vijesti/izabran_novi_predsjednik_zelene_akcije |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yi takarar magajin garin Zagreb acikin shekara ta(2017)har zuwa cikin shekara ta (2021) ===
A cikin zabukan cikin gida na shekarar 2017, Tomašević ya yi takara don magajin garin Zagreb, a shugaban haɗin gwiwar da Zagreb ya jagoranta shine namu! jam'iyyar siyasa, kuma ta lashe kashi 3.94% na kuri'un da aka kada a zaben magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/rezultati-lokalnih-izbora-u-sva-cetiri-velika-grada-ide-se-u-drugi-krug-6104038 |title=REZULTATI LOKALNIH IZBORA U sva četiri velika grada ide se u drugi krug! |date=21 May 2017 |work=[[Jutarnji list]] |language=hr |access-date=6 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gamayyar ta samu kujeru hudu a Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2195930|title=The future of the Croatian left: Mozemo!|work=Index.hr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tomašević yana cikin zaɓaɓɓun kansilolin da aka zaɓa daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma ya kasance mai sukar magajin [[Milano|Milan]] Bandić a Majalisar. 

==== Zabe a 2021 ====
[[File:Tomislav_Tomašević_on_May_16,_2021.png|thumb| Tomašević (tsakiyar) akan 16 Mayu 2021]]
A cikin Fabrairu shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya sanar da takararsa na magajin garin Zagreb a zaben kananan hukumomi na 2021.  Tomašević ya mika sa hannun 20,236 ga Hukumar Zabe ta Jiha (DIP) a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/video/news/tomasevic-skupio-najvise-potpisa-u-zagrebu-a-evo-tko-je-apsolutni-rekorder-na-razini-drzave-15069304|title=Tomašević skupio najviše potpisa u Zagrebu, a evo tko je apsolutni rekorder na razini države|date=29 April 2021|work=Jutarnji list}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rana ta gaba, DIP ta tabbatar da cewa Tomašević da wasu 'yan takara tara sun gabatar da sa hannu daga masu jefa kuri'a masu rijista, kuma sun cancanci zama 'yan takarar magajin gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ZBIRNA LISTA PRAVOVALJANIH KANDIDATURAZA IZBOR GRADONAČELNIKAI ZAMJENIKA GRADONAČELNIKAGRADA ZAGREBA |url=https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |website=zgizbori.hr |access-date=11 May 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430182002/https://www.zgizbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2021_godina/Izbori%20za%20gradona%C4%8Delnika%20i%20Gradsku%20skup%C5%A1tinu/Gradona%C4%8Delnik%20-%20pravovaljane%20i%20zbirne.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A zaben na 16 ga Mayu, Tomašević ya lashe kuri'u 147,631 (45.15%) wanda ya sa ya zama dan takara na farko na sabon magajin gari a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Premoćna pobjeda Tomaševića. Pogledajte slavlje: &quot;Ulazimo u povijesnu eru&quot; |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-premocna-pobjeda-tomasevica-pogledajte-slavlje-ulazimo-u-povijesnu-eru/2276443.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević uvjerljiv pobjednik u Zagrebu, Škoro uspio prestići Pavičić Vukičević |url=https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/izbori-u-zagrebu-prema-izlaznim-anketama-tomasevic-pomeo-protukandidate/ |work=N1 HR |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai da yake babu wani dan takara da ya samu rinjayen kuri'u, ya fuskanci Miroslav Škoro na jam'iyyar Homeland Movement a zagaye na biyu a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Škoro nema apsolutno nikakve šanse protiv Tomaševića |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/skoro-nema-apsolutno-nikakve-sanse-protiv-tomasevica/2276644.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=17 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan zaɓe, mahaifin Tomašević, Smiljan, ya kasance ɗan takara a jerin Ƙungiyoyin Gida na Majalisar Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomaševića došao podržati otac, koji je na Škorinoj listi |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevica-dosao-podrzati-otac-koji-je-na-skorinoj-listi/2276593.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=18 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 30 ga Mayu a zagaye na biyu na zaben, Tomašević ya lashe ofishin magajin gari da kuri'u 199,630 ko kashi 63.87% na kuri'un. Ya samu nasara akan Škoro wanda ya samu kuri'u 106,300 wato kashi 34% na kuri'un.&lt;ref name=&quot;vote2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ovo su rezultati izbora u svim gradovima u Hrvatskoj |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ovo-su-rezultati-izbora-u-svim-gradovima-u-hrvatskoj/2279961.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ogroman trijumf Tomaševića. Muškarac u stožeru napao zaštitare, palio vatru... |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-ogroman-trijumf-tomasevica-muskarac-u-stozeru-napao-zastitare-palio-vatru/2279837.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ya faru a zagaye na farko, wasan zagaye na biyu na Tomašević ya sake kafa sabon tarihi na yawan kuri'un da dan takarar magajin gari ya samu a Zagreb. Wato, adadinsa na kusan kuri'u dubu 200 ya fi girma da kusan 30,000 fiye da abin da Milan Bandić ya samu a zagaye na biyu na zaben 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nitko nikad u Zagrebu nije osvojio ovoliko glasova kao Tomašević |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nitko-nikad-u-zagrebu-nije-osvojio-ovoliko-glasova-kao-tomasevic/2279883.aspx |work=Index.hr |access-date=31 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tomašević je upravo osvojio više glasova nego Milan Bandić ikada u 20 godina vladavine! |url=https://www.24sata.hr/news/tomasevic-je-upravo-osvojio-vise-glasova-nego-milan-bandic-ikada-u-20-godina-vladavine-765071 |work=24sata |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Veliki gradovi izabrali nove gradonačelnike |url=https://vijesti.hrt.hr/hrvatska/lokalni-izbori-2021-drugi-izborni-krug-1958639 |website=vijesti.hrt.hr |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dan majalisa (2020-2021) ===
A zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na 2020, a shugaban jam'iyyar Green-Left Coalition, an zabe shi memba a majalisar dokokin Croatia a wa'adi na 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=10th term of the Croatian Parliament (22 July 2020) - Tomislav Tomašević |url=https://www.sabor.hr/en/members-parliament/tomasevic-tomislav-10-term |website=sabor.hr |access-date=8 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wa'adin aikinsa na majalisar zai fara ne a ranar 22 ga Yuli, 2020. Ya zuwa karshen watan Yuli, ya shiga kwamitocin majalisa hudu, kwamitin tsare-tsare na jiki da na gine-gine, kwamitin kundin tsarin mulki, oda da tsarin siyasa, kwamitin hadin gwiwa na majalisar dokoki, da kwamitin zartarwa na kungiyar kasa zuwa ga kungiyar Inter-Parliamentary. 

A cikin 2021 zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Zagreb Tomašević an zabe shi don Magajin Zagreb.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zakon o izborima zastupnika u Hrvatski sabor |url=https://www.zakon.hr/z/355/Zakon-o-izborima-zastupnika-u-Hrvatski-sabor |website=zakon.hr |access-date=2 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Don haka sai ya yi murabus daga Majalisar kafin ya zama magajin gari.  A ranar 18 ga Yuni, 2021, ya sanya wa'adin sa a Majalisa. Tun daga nan ya maye gurbinsa Urša Raukar-Gamulin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Prisegnuli novi saborski zastupnici |url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/foto-prisegnuli-novi-saborski-zastupnici/2284461.aspx |website=index.hr |access-date=18 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Magajin garin Zagreb (2021-yanzu) ===
Tomašević bisa hukuma ya karɓi ofishin magajin gari a ranar 4 ga watan Yuni 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Pavičić Vukičević: Primopredaja gradske vlasti najranije u petak |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/pavicic-vukicevic-primopredaja-gradske-vlasti-najranije-u-petak-20210531 |website=tportal.hr |publisher=Tportal |access-date=1 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/uskoro-uzivo-prvo-obracanje-gradonacelnika-tomislava-tomasevica/2281011.aspx |title=USKORO UŽIVO Prvo obraćanje gradonačelnika Tomislava Tomaševića |work=Index.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=4 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zagreb.hr/odrzana-sluzbena-primopredaja-izvrsnih-ovlasti-gra/171769 |title=Održana službena primopredaja izvršnih ovlasti gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba |website=zagreb.hr |publisher=Grad Zagreb |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=10 June 2021 |language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Mukaddashin magajin garin Jelena Pavičić Vukičević ne ya mika masa ofishin magajin garin Zagreb wanda ya karbi mukamin bayan rasuwar magajin garin Milan Bandić . Tomašević ya zo wurin mikawa ta tram kuma ya makara saboda lamarin gaggawa a tashar jirgin kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomašević kasnio na primopredaju: 'Ispričavam se, jednoj ženi je pozlilo pa smo čekali Hitnu' |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/tomasevic-kasnio-na-primopredaju-ispricavam-se-jednoj-zeni-je-pozlilo-pa-smo-cekali-hitnu-15078249 |website=jutarnji.hr |date=4 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Kafofin yada labarai da matsin lamba na 'yan adawa ====
[[File:VinkoUhlik NagradaGradaZagreba.jpg|thumb|Tomislav Tomašević a gefe]]
A cikin watanni biyu na farko na nadin Tomislav Tomašević ya fuskanci zarge-zarge daga kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mafi yawan 'yan adawa na dama na yin watsi da alkawurran da ya yi kafin zaben, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma bincike saboda nada mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya Tomislav Lauc a matsayin shugaban asibitin Srebrnjak wanda ya kasance mai tausayi da kuma kananan yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=V. P. P. |title=Tomašević imenovao donatora svoje kampanje u Upravno vijeće bolnice Srebrnjak; time će se baviti povjerenstvo za sukob interesa |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/tomasevic-imenovao-donatora-svoje-kampanje-u-upravno-vijece-bolnice-srrebrnjak-time-ce-se-baviti-povjerenstvo-za-sukob-interesa-20210711 |website=Tportal.hr |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai ba da gudummawa * (kasa da 2000 USD) na jam'iyyarsa, da kuma sake sabunta wani bangare na kwangilar birnin Zagreb (saboda rashin mafita) tare da sanannen CIOS Group  mallakar Petar Pripuz duk da alkawarin ba zai yi ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tomaševićeva 'trilema': Ako da posao C.I.O.S.-u, prekršio je obećanje; ako uzme skuplju ponudu, nema uštede; ako poništi natječaj, gdje će biootpad? |url=https://www.nacional.hr/tomaseviceva-trilema-ako-da-posao-c-i-o-s-u-prekrsio-je-obecanje-ako-uzme-skuplju-ponudu-nema-ustede-ako-ponisti-natjecaj-gdje-ce-biootpad/ |website=Nacional |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=hr |date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Taimakawa LGGBTI+ da sauran tsiraru ====
A ranar 3 ga watan Yuli a shekara ta 2021, Tomašević ya halarci bikin Zagreb Pride na shekara na 20, tare da sauran 'yan siyasar Croatia kamar shugaban Social Democratic Party Peđa Grbin da Mataimakin Firayim Minista Boris Milošević . Yin haka, Tomašević ya zama magajin garin Zagreb na farko da ya halarci faretin, wanda ya riga ya yi kafin ya zama magajin gari. Ya bayyana cewa &quot;su, a matsayinsu na sabuwar gwamnatin birnin, sun so su nuna cewa ba za a iya nuna wariya ga kowa ba a kan kowane dalili.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=VIDEO Povorka ponosa stigla na Ribnjak, Tomašević i Benčić među prvima u koloni|url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2287990|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Index.hr]]|language=hr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=HINA|last2=Bajruši|first2=Robert|last3=Kukec|first3=Tomislav|last4=Karakaš Jakubin|first4=Hajdi|date=2021-07-03|title=U Povorci ponosa oko 2500 ljudi, među njima i Tomašević: 'Skupljanje poena na manjinama je jadno!'|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/u-povorci-ponosa-oko-2500-ljudi-medu-njima-i-tomasevic-skupljanje-poena-na-manjinama-je-jadno-15085382|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[Jutarnji list]]|language=hr-hr|author1-link=Croatian News Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin zabe ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:70%; text-align: center;&quot;
|+Sakamakon zabe
! Shekara
! Ofishin
! Biki
! Kuri'u na Tomašević
! %
! Abokin hamayya
! Biki
! Ƙuri'u
! %
|-
! 2017
| Magajin garin Zagreb
| Zagreb namu ne!
| 12,996
| 3.94%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | bai tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu ba
|-
! 2020
| Dan majalisar dokokin Croatia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;small&gt;na gundumar zabe ta 1st&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Zamu Iya! / Zagreb namu ne!
| 19,627
| 11.29%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | An zabe shi a Majalisar
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2021
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Magajin garin Zagreb
| 147,631
| 45.15%
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; | Na ci gaba zuwa gudu
|-
| 199,630
| 63.87%
| Miroslav Škoro
| Harkar Gida
| 106,300
| 34.01%
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haifaffun 1982]]
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    <title>Canjin yanayi a Botswana</title>
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'''Canjin yanayi a Botswana''', yana nufin canje-canje a cikin [[Climate|yanayi]] na [[Botswana]] da kuma martani na gaba, daidaitawa da dabarun ragewa na ƙasar&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://arewa.ng/masana-kimiya-sun-ce-botswana-ne-asalin-mutanen-wannan-lokaci-bbc-hausa/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2025-07-26 |archive-date=2026-05-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260520094556/https://arewa.ng/masana-kimiya-sun-ce-botswana-ne-asalin-mutanen-wannan-lokaci-bbc-hausa/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Ana sa ran zai haifar da karuwar fari da kuma karuwa da yawa wannan saboda gajeren lokacin ruwan sama da ƙananan kwanakin ruwan kasa. Saboda sauye-sauye a kan yanayi da yanayi kasar na iya fuskantar ruwan sama mai lalacewa a wasu lokuta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;[http://www.assar.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/138/Info_briefs/Botswana%20Information%20Brief.pdf Understanding vulnerability and adaptation in semi-arid areas in Botswana] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722093432/http://www.assar.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/138/Info_briefs/Botswana%20Information%20Brief.pdf |date=2023-07-22 }}, May (2015), http://www.assaradapt.org/, retrieved 30/04/2023&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yanayin Botswana ==
[[File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_BWA_present.svg|thumb|Yanayin yanayi na Botswana Yankunan rarrabuwa]]
Yanayin Botswana ya bushe zuwa rabin bushe tare da hunturu mai zafi da lokacin zafi kuma ruwan sama ba shi da tabbas&lt;ref&gt;https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-52774716.amp?amp_gsa=1&amp;amp_js_v=a9&amp;usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&amp;aoh=17535993740585&amp;referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp;ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Flabarai-52774716&lt;/ref&gt;. Ruwan sama galibi yana faruwa ne daga Oktoba zuwa Afrilu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate |url=https://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/climate |access-date=24 March 2023 |website=Botswana Tourism}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lokacin hunturu galibi ya bushe kuma yana da rana, mai sauƙi a rana amma sanyi da dare, musamman a tsakiyar da kudancin ƙasar. Wannan yawanci yana kusa da watanni na Mayu zuwa Agusta. Lokacin bazara wanda yawanci daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris, yana da zafi kuma yana leken sama.  Akwai hasken rana da yawa a wannan kakar, musamman da safe. A cikin shekara, zafin jiki yawanci ya bambanta daga 41 ° F zuwa 89 °F kuma yana da wuya a ƙasa da 34 ° C ko sama da 97 °C.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Botswana Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Botswana) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/150209/Average-Weather-in-Botswana-Year-Round |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawan zafi yana yawan ƙarfi a cikin bazara a kusa da Satumba da Oktoba, musamman a arewacin ƙasar, duk da haka, kwanakin zafi suna yiwuwa a duk faɗin ƙasar daga Satamba zuwa Afrilu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;

Yankin kudu maso yamma shine yankin da ya fi bushewa, wannan shine inda ake samun hamadar [[Hamadar Kalahari|Kalahari]] kuma ruwan sama yana sauka ƙasa da millimita 300 (12 inci) a kowace shekara. Yankunan da suka fi ruwan sama, inda sama da 500 mm (20 in) na ruwan kasa a kowace shekara, sune arewa da kudu maso gabas, wurin [[Gaborone]] yake.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Botswana climate: average weather, temperature, precipitation |url=https://www.climatestotravel.com/climate/botswana |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=www.climatestotravel.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kasar [[Kullalliyar Kasa|ba]] ta da iyaka kuma tana da yanayin hamada mai zafi wanda ke da babban bambanci tsakanin yanayin rana da dare da kuma yawan zafi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-10-30 |title=BOTSWANA’S FIRST BIENNIAL UPDATE REPORT (BUR) TO THE UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE OCTOBER 2019 |url=https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/BOTSWANA%20FIRST%20BIENNIAL%20REPORT_FINAL.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318012054/https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/BOTSWANA%20FIRST%20BIENNIAL%20REPORT_FINAL.pdf |archive-date=2023-03-29 |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=unfccc.int}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:BS_climate.png|left|thumb|613x613px|Yanayi mai tsaka-tsaki.]]
An yi la'akari da [[Botswana]] mai matukar damuwa ga canjin yanayi da bambancin yanayi saboda karancin ruwan sama da kuma yawan talauci da ke shafar yawancin yankunan karkara.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Risk Country Profile-Botswana |url=https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/botswana |website=Climate Change Knowledge Portal |publisher=Worldbank |access-date=21 March 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Climate risk country profile - Botswana {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/botswana/botswana-climate-risk-country-profile |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Botswana tana fuskantar karancin ruwan sama kuma yanayin ruwan kasa yana canzawa wanda ke shafar bangaren noma. Saboda yanayin ruwan sama a Botswana, wanda ba abin dogaro ba ne, an sami raguwa a cikin hekta da aka noma. Ruwan sama mai tsanani ya wanke ƙasa da tsaba a lokacin noma kuma wannan yana haifar da ƙarancin amfanin gona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;/&gt;

Matsalolin Botswana ga canjin yanayi galibi yana shafar dogaro da bangarorin da sauƙin sauyin yanayi ke sha wahala; yawon bude ido, noma, ruwa da kiwon lafiya. Talauci kuma wani bangare ne wanda galibi ya zo ne ta hanyar dogaro da waɗannan bangarorin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Risk Country Profile-Botswana |url=https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/2021-05/15721-WB_Botswana%20Country%20Profile-WEB%20%281%29.pdf |website=Climate Change Knowledge Portal |publisher=Worldbank |access-date=21 March 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhimman abubuwan da ke faruwa ==

=== Yanayin zafi ===
[[File:Temperature_Bar_Chart_Africa-Botswana--1901-2020--2021-07-13.png|alt=Figure 2|thumb|398x398px|Yanayin zafin jiki na Botswana tsakanin 1901-2020]]
Matsakaicin yanayin zafi ya karu a 1.5 ° C tun daga shekarun 1900. Hoton da ke dama yana nuna yanayin zafin jiki na Botswana tsakanin shekara ta 1901 da shekarar 2020.  Babban canje-canje shine a watan Nuwamba da Maris. Botswana tana fuskantar yanayin zafi sosai a lokacin rani wanda ke tsakanin Nuwamba zuwa Maris wanda zasu iya zuwa sama da 38 ° C a wasu sassan ƙasar yayin da hunturu wanda ya kasance daga Maris zuwa Agusta yana da sanyi sosai da dare kuma yana leushi a rana, wani lokacin tare da mummunan sanyi wanda zai iya daskarewa da ƙananan ruwa.  A lokacin bazara wanda yake daga Satumba zuwa Oktoba ƙasar tana fuskantar yanayin zafi sosai wanda zai iya kaiwa sama da 44 ° C a yawancin sassan ƙasar.

=== Ruwan sama ===
Botswana ta sami ruwan sama na yau da kullun da kuma fari mai yawa. Kwanakin rigar a Botswana sun bambanta a ko'ina cikin shekara. Ana auna rana mai laushi a 0.04 inci na ruwan sama.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal |url=https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/ |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lokacin rigar ya ƙare daga Oktoba zuwa Afrilu tare da damar 21% na rana ta zama rana mai rigakafi yayin da lokacin hunturu ya wuce daga Afrilun zuwa Oktoba, Yuli yana da wata tare le mafi ƙarancin kwanakin riguna tare ti matsakaicin kwanaki 0.2 tare tare na akalla matsakaici 0.04 inci na hazo. An rubuta watan Disamba a matsayin wata tare da ruwan sama mafi girma.

== Rashin iskar gas ==
Kasuwancin iskar gas na shekara-shekara na Botswana kamar yadda yake a shekarar 2019 ya kasance a 11, 000.00 na CO2, wanda ya ragu da kashi 13.25% daga shekarar da ta gabata 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Botswana Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions 1990-2023 |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/BWA/botswana/ghg-greenhouse-gas-emissions |website=Macrotrends |publisher=Macrotrends LLC |access-date=21 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229184817/https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/BWA/botswana/ghg-greenhouse-gas-emissions |archive-date=29 February 2024 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rashin hayaki na carbon dioxide galibi daga man fetur ne; iskar gas, mai, sufuri da gine-gine, masana'antar wutar lantarki suma suna ba da gudummawa ga waɗannan hayakin.

== Tasirin canjin yanayi ==
Canjin yanayi ya riga ya sami tasirin gani a duniya, duniya tana dumama, tsarin ruwan sama koyaushe yana canzawa, kuma matakan teku suna ƙaruwa kuma waɗannan canje-canje suna ƙara haɗarin zafi, ambaliyar ruwa, fari, da gobara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Effects of climate change |url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/climate-change/effects-of-climate-change |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Met Office |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wadannan sune cikakkun tasirin canjin yanayi a Botswana.

=== Biodiversity ===
[[File:Biodiversity_Pyramid_(English).png|thumb|335x335px|Pyramid na Rarrabuwar abubuwa masu rai.]]
Canjin yanayi da hulɗarsa tare da wasu masu damuwa sun shafi bambancin halittu kuma jinsunan da ke da ƙananan rarraba, ƙarancin yalwa da wuraren zama na musamman galibi suna da rauni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Citation|journal=Desalegn|url-status=Adeleke|access-date=da Silva}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Lafiya ===
A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 30% na yawan mutanen Botswana suna fuskantar haɗarin kamuwa da zazzabin cizon sauro a kowace shekara kuma yawancin shari'o'in suna faruwa a gundumomin arewa tare da Bobonong, Tutume, Serowe, Phalapye da Boteti suna cikin yankin canjin zaurar.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{URL|https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/BOTSWANA%20THIRD%20NATIONAL%20COMUNICATION}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekarun ruwan sama mai yawa don haɗarin zazzabin cizon sauro ya koma yamma da Kudu.  Sakamakon cutar zawo ya zo tare da tsarin cyclical na bimodal tare le tsaunuka a watan Maris (ANOVA p &lt; 0.001) da Oktoba (anoVAp &lt;0.001).&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; Akwai kyakkyawar alaƙa ta kai tsaye (p &lt; 0.001) a cikin adadin da aka ruwaito a matakin jinkiri na wata ɗaya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; Canjin yanayi (ruwa, mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki, da matsin tururi) an yi hasashen zazzabi na yanayi tare da jinkirin wata ɗaya a cikin masu canji (p &lt; 0.001). Sakamakon cutar zawo ya kasance mafi girma a lokacin fari bayan lissafin wasu masu canji, yana nuna a matsakaita karuwar 20% akan matsakaicin shekara-shekara (p &lt; 0.001)&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Alexander |first1=Kathleen A. |last2=Carzolio |first2=Marcos |last3=Goodin |first3=Douglas |last4=Vance |first4=Eric |title=Climate change is likely to worsen the public health threat of diarrheal disease in Botswana |journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |date=26 March 2013 |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=1202–1230 |doi=10.3390/ijerph10041202 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23531489/ |access-date=1 May 2023 |issn=1660-4601}} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]] Text was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 (CC BY 3.0)] license.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Jinsi ===
Akwai dalilai da yawa na bambance-bambance a cikin tasirin canjin yanayi da maza da mata ke fuskanta wannan bambancin ya fito ne daga bambaran siyasa na tattalin arziki da zamantakewa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=What does gender equality have to do with climate change? |url=https://climatepromise.undp.org/news-and-stories/what-does-gender-equality-have-do-climate-change |access-date=2023-04-11 |website=UNDP Climate Promise |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin manoma masu ɗorewa duk da haka mata ne da suka noma don inganta tsaron abinci na gida duk lokacin da aka kara rawar da aikin gona da yawancin mata ba su da iko akan ƙasa kuma ba sa samun damar fadada aikin noma da bashi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Gender and Climate Change: Botswana Case Study {{!}} Heinrich Böll Stiftung |url=https://www.boell.de/en/2010/04/27/gender-and-climate-change-botswana-case-study |access-date=2023-04-11 |website=Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt; Shafuka da yawa na [[Kanjamau|cutar kanjamau]] sun ba da gudummawa ga iyakancewar damar samun sabis da ƙwarewa duk waɗannan abubuwan suna sa mata musamman masu saukin kamuwa da tasirin canjin yanayi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title={{!}} Heinrich Böll Stiftung |url=https://www.boell.de/en/taxonomy/term/all/products |access-date=2023-04-11 |website=Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Canjin yanayi yana wakiltar ƙalubalen da ya fi rikitarwa a zamaninmu kuma yana buƙatar aiki tare da amsawa cikakke. A duk faɗin biranen tasirin canjin yanayi yana shafar mata da maza daban.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Gender and climate change |url=https://www.iucn.org/resources/issues-brief/gender-and-climate-change |access-date=2023-04-11 |website=IUCN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mata da 'yan mata suna fuskantar manyan tasirin canjin yanayi, wanda ke kara yawan rashin daidaito tsakanin jinsi da ke akwai kuma yana haifar da barazana ta musamman ga rayuwarsu, lafiya, da aminci.&lt;ref&gt;{{URL|1=https://www.unwomen.org/en/news-stories/explainer/2022/02/explainer-how-gender-inequality-and-climate-change-are-interconnected#:~:text=The%20climate%20crisis%20is%20not,less%20access%20to%2C%20natural%20resources.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Explainer: How gender inequality and climate change are interconnected |url=https://www.unwomen.org/en/news-stories/explainer/2022/02/explainer-how-gender-inequality-and-climate-change-are-interconnected |access-date=2023-04-11 |website=UN Women – Headquarters |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Aikin noma ====
Canjin yanayi, wanda ya zo tare da yanayin zafi mafi girma, ƙarancin ƙasa da ruwa, ambaliyar ruwa. Wadannan sun fi shafar mutanen da ke fama da rauni suna sanya su cikin haɗarin yunwa da rashin tsaro na abinci. An kiyasta cewa hadarin duniya na yunwa da [[rashin abinci mai gina jiki]] na iya ƙaruwa da kashi 20 cikin dari a shekarar 2050&lt;ref&gt;CLIMATE AND HEALTH COUNTRY PROFILE – 2015 BOTSWANA, (2015), World Health Organisation, retrieved 30/04/2023&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daidaitawa da ragewa ==
Canjin yanayi na gaske ne kuma babbar barazana ce ga dukan wayewarmu da duniya baki daya. Sakamakon canjin yanayi ya riga ya bayyana kuma zai haifar da mummunar lalacewa idan ba mu yi aiki ba yanzu, ta hanyar ilimi, kawowa da aiwatar da sababbin ra'ayoyi da bin alkawuranmu na yanayi, za mu iya yin canje-canje masu mahimmanci don kare duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Goal 13: Climate action |url=https://globalgoals.org/goals/13-climate-action/ |access-date=2023-04-10 |website=The Global Goals}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kudin yanayi ==
Botswana na da niyyar rage yawan hayaki da kashi 15% daga shekarar 2010 ta hanyar 2038 a farashin da ake tsammani na dala biliyan 18.4. An kiyasta wannan burin rage hayaki bisa ga kayan GHGs na asali don GG guda uku kasancewa CO2, CH4 da N2O. Rufe makamashi, sharar gida, da bangarorin noma.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FAO.org : |url=https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/fr/c/LEX-FAOC187052/ |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=www.fao.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan lissafin bai haɗa da hayaki na CH4 daga noman dabbobi ba, galibi daga fermentation na ciki, duk da haka, ƙasar tana da niyyar aiwatar da matakan ragewa ga wannan ɓangaren.&lt;ref&gt;[https://drmims.sadc.int/sites/default/files/document/2020-03/2017_SAClimate%20Finance_Botswana-Country-Diagnostic.pdf Botswana Country Diagnostic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230430143125/https://drmims.sadc.int/sites/default/files/document/2020-03/2017_SAClimate%20Finance_Botswana-Country-Diagnostic.pdf |date=2023-04-30 }} , May (2017), Southern African Climate Finance Partnership, https://drmims.sadc.int/{{Dead link|date=June 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Retrieved 30/04/2023&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* [[Yanayin Muhalli na Botswana|Yanayin Botswana]]
* [[Canjin yanayi a Afirka]]

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Botswana]]
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    <title>Maganin gargajiya</title>
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[[File:Market_Pharmacy_Tana_MS5179.jpg|thumb|250x250px| Maganin gargajiya a kasuwa a [[Antananarivo]], [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]]]]
[[File:Botanica.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| Botánicas irin wannan a Jamaica Plain, [[Boston]], yana ba da al'ummar Latino kuma suna sayar da magungunan jama'a tare da mutum-mutumi na tsarkaka, kyandir da aka yi wa ado da addu'o'i, bamboo mai sa'a, da sauran abubuwa.]]
[[File:World Health Organisation headquarters, Geneva, north and west sides 2007.jpg|thumb]]
'''Magungunan Gargajiya''' (wanda kuma akafi sani da '''likitan ƴan ƙasa''' ko '''likitancin jama'a''' ). Ya kasance wannan ya ƙunshi&lt;ref&gt;https://aminiya.ng/dalilin-da-mutane-ke-komawa-amfani-da-magungunan-gargajiya/&lt;/ref&gt;fannonin likitanci na ilimin gargajiya, waɗanda suka bunƙasa a tsawon tsararraki a cikin aƙidar al'ummomi daban-daban, gami da ƴan asalin ƙasar, kafin lokacin maganin zamani. [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] (WHO) ta ayyana.  Maganin gargajiya a matsayin “jimlar ilimi, fasaha, da ayyuka bisa ka’idoji, imani, da gogewa na asali ga al’adu daban-daban, ko an bayyana ko a’a, da ake amfani da su wajen kula da lafiya haka nan&lt;ref&gt;https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-53637229.amp?amp_gsa=1&amp;amp_js_v=a9&amp;usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&amp;aoh=17536266852189&amp;referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp;ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Flabarai-53637229&lt;/ref&gt;. kamar yadda yake a cikin rigakafi, tantancewa, ingantawa ko magance cututtukan jiki da na tabin hankali”. &lt;ref name=&quot;WHO&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/medicines/areas/traditional/definitions/en/|title=Traditional Medicine: Definitions|date=2008-12-01|access-date=2014-04-20|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Magungunan gargajiya sau da yawa sun bambanta da likitancin ilimin kimiyya.


A wasu kasashen [[Asiya]] da [[Afirka]], kusan kashi 80 a cikin 100 na al'ummar kasar sun dogara ne da magungunan gargajiya domin bukatunsu na yau da kullun a farkon wani mataki na kiwon lafiya. Lokacin da aka ɗauke shi a waje da al'adun gargajiya, ana ɗaukar magungunan gargajiya a matsayin wani nau'i na madadin magani. &lt;ref name=&quot;WHO&quot; /&gt;Ayyukan da aka fi sani da magungunan gargajiya sun haɗa da magungunan gargajiya na Turai, magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin, magungunan gargajiya na Koriya, magungunan gargajiya na Afirka, Ayurveda, magungunan Siddha, Unani, magungunan gargajiya na Iran, magungunan Musulunci na tsakiya, Muti, da Ifá. Sana'o'in kimiyya da ke nazarin likitancin gargajiya sun hada da herbalism, ethnomedicine, ethnobotany, da kuma ilimin halin ɗan adam.
[[Fayil:Mercado Modelo de Chupaca Peru- herbal medicine seller.jpg|thumb|maganin gargajiya]]
WHO ta lura cewa, duk da haka, &quot;yin amfani da magungunan gargajiya ko ayyuka marasa dacewa na iya haifar da mummunan tasiri ko haɗari&quot; kuma &quot; ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike domin tabbatar da inganci da aminci&quot; irin waɗannan ayyuka da tsira-tsiren masu magani da tsarin magungunan gargajiya ke amfani da su.  &lt;ref name=&quot;WHO&quot; /&gt;A sakamakon haka,hukumar lafiya ta dubiya wato (WHO) ta aiwatar da dabarun shekaru tara domin taimakawa kasashen mambobin kungiyar domin samar da manufofi masu tasiri da aiwatar da tsare-tsaren ayyuka da za su karfafa rawar da magungunan gargajiya ke takawa wajen kiyaye lafiyar jama'a.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/medicines/publications/traditional/trm_strategy14_23/en/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113165644/http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/traditional/trm_strategy14_23/en/|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 13, 2014|title=WHO traditional medicine strategy: 2014-2023|date=December 2013|website=The World Health Organization|access-date=June 27, 2023|archivedate=January 13, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113165644/http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/traditional/trm_strategy14_23/en/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Amfani da tarihi ==

=== Tarihi na gargajiya ===
A cikin rubuce-rubucen da aka rubuta, binciken da aka yi na ganye ya samo asali ne shekaru 5,000 zuwa tsohuwar [[Sumer|Sumerians]], waɗanda suka bayyana ingantaccen amfani da magani ga shuke-shuke. A cikin magungunan Masar na d ¯ a, papyrus Ebers daga c. 1552 BC ya rubuta jerin magungunan jama'a da ayyukan likita na sihiri.  [[Tsohon Alkawari]] kuma ya ambaci amfani da ganye da kuma noma game da Kashrut.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ebers' Papyrus|url=http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/443.html|access-date=28 December 2014}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Yawancin ganyaye da ma'adanai da aka yi amfani da su a Ayurveda an kwatanta su ne da tsoffin masana ganye na Indiya irin su Charaka da Sushruta a lokacin karni na 1 BC.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Girish Dwivedi|first=Shridhar Dwivedi|year=2007|title=History of Medicine: Sushruta – the Clinician – Teacher par Excellence|publisher=[[National Informatics Centre]]|url=http://medind.nic.in/iae/t07/i4/iaet07i4p243.pdf|access-date=2008-10-08|archive-date=2008-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010045900/http://medind.nic.in/iae/t07/i4/iaet07i4p243.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Littafin ganye na farko na kasar Sin shi ne ''Shennong Bencao Jing'', wanda aka harhada a zamanin daular Han amma tun daga baya aka kara shi a matsayin ''Yaoxing Lun'' ( ''Maganin yanayin Ganyewar Magunguna'' ) a lokacin daular Tang . Mawallafin Hellenanci na farko da aka sani na ilimin ganye na zamani da na yanzu sun haɗa da [[Pythagoreanism|Pythagoras da mabiyansa]], Hippocrates, [[Aristotle]], Theophrastus, Dioscorides da Galen .

Tushen Romawa sun haɗa da ''Tarihin Halitta'' [[Pliny Babba|na Pliny]] da Celsus 's ''De Medicina'' .  Pedanius Dioscorides ya zana kuma ya gyara mawallafin farko don ''De Materia Medica'',&lt;ref name=&quot;Kay1996&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Kay|first=MA|year=1996|title=Healing with plants in the American and Mexican West|isbn=978-0-8165-1646-9|publisher=[[University of Arizona Press]]|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780186516465/page/19 19–20]|location=Tucson|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780186516465/page/19}}&lt;/ref&gt; yana ƙara sababbin abubuwa; An fassara aikin zuwa harsuna da dama, kuma an ƙara sunayen [[Turkanci|Turkawa]], [[Larabci]] da [[Ibrananci]] a cikinsa tsawon ƙarni.  Rubutun Latin na ''De Materia Medica'' an haɗa su tare da ganyen Latin ta Apuleius Platonicus ( ''Herbarium Apuleii Platonici'' ) kuma an haɗa su cikin codex Anglo-Saxon ''Cotton Vitellius C.III''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Blunt1994&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author1=Raphael, Sandra |author2=Blunt, Wilfrid |title=The Illustrated herbal|publisher=Frances Lincoln|location=London|year=1994|isbn=978-0-7112-0914-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;Waɗannan rukunonin Girka na farko da na Romawa sun zama ƙashin bayan ka'idar likitancin Turai kuma Persian [[Ibn Sina|Avicenna]] (Ibn Sīnā, 980-1037), Persian [[Muhammad dan Zakariya al-Razi|Rhazes]] (Rāzi, 865-925) da Maimonides na Yahudawa suka fassara su. &lt;ref name=&quot;Kay1996&quot; /&gt;

An yi amfani da wasu burbushin maganin gargajiya tun zamanin da. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=323–332}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Medieval kuma daga baya ===
Magungunan 'yan asalin Larabci sun samo asali daga rikici tsakanin magungunan tushen sihiri na Badawiyya da fassarar Larabci na al'adun likitancin Hellenic da Ayurvedic .  Larabawa sun yi tasiri a kan likitancin Spain daga 711 zuwa 1492.  Likitoci na Musulunci da masanan kimiyyar ilmin halitta musulmi irin su al-Dinawari &lt;ref name=&quot;Fahd-815&quot;&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia|edition=Régis}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Ibn al-Baitar &lt;ref name=&quot;Diane&quot;&gt;Diane Boulanger (2002), &quot;The Islamic Contribution to Science, Mathematics and Technology&quot;, ''OISE Papers'', in ''STSE Education'', Vol. 3.&lt;/ref&gt; sun fadada sosai akan ilimin likitancin mata. Shahararriyar rubutun likitancin Farisa shine Avicenna's ''Canon of Medicine'', wanda shine farkon pharmacopoeia kuma ya gabatar da gwaji na asibiti .  &lt;ref name=&quot;Eldredge&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=34–44 [36]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Bloom&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=13–21 [19]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fassara ''Canon'' zuwa Latin a karni na 12 kuma ya kasance ikon likita a Turai har zuwa karni na 17. Hakanan tsarin Unani na magungunan gargajiya yana dogara ne akan ''Canon'' . 

Hieronymus Bock ya yi fassarar farkon rubutun Roman-Greek zuwa Jamusanci wanda aka buga a cikin 1546, ana kiransa ''Kreuter Buch'' . An fassara littafin zuwa Yaren mutanen Holland azaman ''Pemptades'' ta Rembert Dodoens (1517-1585), kuma daga Yaren mutanen Holland zuwa [[Turanci]] ta Carolus Clusius, (1526–1609), Henry Lyte ya buga a 1578 a matsayin ''A Nievve Herball'' . Wannan ya zama John Gerard 's (1545-1612) ''Herball ko Janar Tarihin Tsirrai'' .   Kowane sabon aiki ya kasance tarin rubutun da ake da su tare da sababbin ƙari.

Ilimin jama'a na mata ya wanzu a layi daya da waɗannan matani.  Har ila yau ana jera magunguna arba'in da huɗu, abubuwan maye, abubuwan ɗanɗano da abubuwan motsa rai da Dioscorides ya ambata a cikin pharmacopoeias na Turai.  Puritans sun ɗauki aikin Gerard zuwa [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] inda ya rinjayi magungunan 'yan asalin Amurka. &lt;ref name=&quot;Kay1996&quot; /&gt;

Francisco Hernández, likitan Philip na biyu na Spain ya shafe shekaru 1571-1577 yana tattara bayanai a [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]] sannan ya rubuta ''Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus'', yawancin nau'ikan da aka buga ciki har da wanda Francisco Ximénez ya buga. Dukansu Hernandez da Ximenez sun dace da bayanan kabilanci na Aztec a cikin ra'ayoyin Turai game da cututtuka kamar &quot;dumi&quot;, &quot;sanyi&quot;, da &quot;danshi&quot;, amma ba a bayyana cewa Aztecs sun yi amfani da waɗannan nau'ikan ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=215–20}}&lt;/ref&gt; Juan de Esteyneffer 's ''Florilegio medicinal de todas las enfermedas'' ya tattara matani na Turai kuma ya ƙara shuke-shuken Mexico guda 35.

Martín de la Cruz ya rubuta wani ganye a Nahuatl wanda Juan Badiano ya fassara zuwa [[Harshen Latin|Latin]] kamar ''Libellus de Medicinalibus Indorum Herbis'' ko ''Codex Barberini, Latin 241'' kuma aka ba Sarki Carlos V na Spain a 1552.  Da alama an rubuta shi cikin gaggawa  kuma mamayewar Turawa na shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya rinjaye shi. Fray Bernardino de Sahagún ya yi amfani da hanyoyin ƙabilanci don tattara ka'idodinsa waɗanda suka zama ''Tarihi Janar de las Cosas de Nueva España'', wanda aka buga a 1793. &lt;ref name=&quot;Heinrich2005&quot; /&gt; Castore Durante ya buga ''Herbario Nuovo'' a cikin 1585 yana kwatanta tsire-tsire masu magani daga Turai da Gabas da Yammacin Indiya . An fassara shi zuwa Jamusanci a cikin 1609 kuma an buga bugu na Italiyanci na ƙarni na gaba.

=== Mallakar Amurka ===
A cikin karni na 17 da 18 a Amurka, masu maganin gargajiya, mata akai-akai, sun yi amfani da magungunan ganye, cin abinci da leshi . &lt;ref&gt;Rosalyn Fraad Baxandall, Linda Gordon, Susan Reverb, America's Working Women: A Documentary History, 1600 to the Present, W. W. Norton &amp; Company, 1995, p. 50&lt;/ref&gt; Magungunan gargajiya na Amirkawa na gargajiya sun gabatar da maganin zazzabin cizon sauro, ciwon zazzaɓi, scurvy, syphilis maras nauyi, da matsalolin goiter. &lt;ref&gt;Madsen, Deborah L. The Routledge Companion to Native American Literature, Routledge, 2015&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin waɗannan magungunan ganye da na jama'a sun ci gaba har zuwa karni na 19 zuwa karni na 20, &lt;ref&gt;Swerdlow JL. Medicine Changes: late 19th to early 20th century. Nature's Medicine: Plants that Heal. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society; 2000. pp. 158–91.&lt;/ref&gt; tare da wasu magungunan tsire-tsire waɗanda suka zama tushen ilimin harhada magunguna na zamani. &lt;ref&gt;Eugenia M. Fulcher, Robert M. Fulcher, Cathy Dubeansky, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=qs_sAwAAQBAJ Pharmacology: Principles and Applications']', Soto Elsevier Health Sciences, 2014, p. 5 ''&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Amfanin zamani ===
Yaɗuwar magungunan jama'a a wasu yankuna na duniya ya bambanta bisa ga ka'idodin al'adu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=20–38}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wasu magungunan zamani sun dogara ne akan sinadarai na shuka waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin magungunan jama'a.  Masu bincike sun bayyana cewa da yawa daga cikin madadin jiyya ba su da &quot;ƙididdigar ƙididdiga daga magungunan placebo &quot;. &lt;ref&gt;''[[The Economist]]'', &quot;[https://www.economist.com/node/18710090 Alternative Medicine: Think yourself better]&quot;, 21 May 2011, pp. 83–84.&lt;/ref&gt;

== watsa ilimi da halitta ==
Maganin ƴan asalin gabaɗaya ana yaɗa su ta baki ta hanyar al'umma, dangi da daidaikun mutane har sai an “tara”. A cikin wata al'ada da aka ba da, abubuwan ilimin likitancin na asali na iya zama sananne ga mutane da yawa, ko kuma waɗanda ke cikin takamaiman aikin warkarwa kamar shaman ko ungozoma .  Abubuwa uku sun halatta matsayin mai warkarwa - akidarsu, nasarar ayyukansu da imanin al'umma.  Lokacin da al'adar ta ƙi iƙirarin magungunan ƴan asalin, gabaɗaya iri uku na mabiya suna amfani da shi - waɗanda aka haife su kuma suka yi tarayya da su a cikinta waɗanda suka zama masu bi na dindindin, masu bi na ɗan lokaci waɗanda suka juya zuwa gare shi a lokutan wahala, da waɗanda suka yi imani kawai a takamaiman fannoni., ba a cikin duka ba.  

== Ma'ana da kalmomi ==
Ana iya ɗaukar magungunan gargajiya a wani lokaci a matsayin dabam da magungunan jama'a, kuma ana la'akari da sun haɗa da abubuwan da aka tsara na maganin jama'a. A karkashin wannan ma'anar magungunan jama'a akwai magungunan da aka dade suna yadawa da kuma amfani da su. Magungunan jama'a sun ƙunshi ayyukan warkaswa da ra'ayoyin ilimin halittar jiki da kiyaye [[Lafiya|lafiyar]] da wasu suka sani a cikin al'ada, ana watsawa ta hanyar yau da kullun azaman ilimin gabaɗaya, kuma kowa a cikin al'adar da ke da gogewa ta farko ya yi aiki ko amfani da shi. 

=== Maganin jama'a ===
[[File:Curandera_performing_a_limpieza.jpg|thumb| Curandera yana yin ''limpieza'' a Cuenca, Ecuador]]
Kasashe da yawa suna da ayyukan da aka siffanta a matsayin magungunan jama'a waɗanda za su iya kasancewa tare tare da tsarin aikin likita na yau da kullun, tushen kimiyya, da kuma tsarin aikin likita wanda ke wakilta.  Misalan al'adun magungunan jama'a sune magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin, likitancin Iran, likitancin Koriya, likitancin Larabci, maganin gargajiya na Uygur, magungunan Kampho na Japan, magungunan daji na Aboriginal na gargajiya, 'yan asalin Hawaiian La'au lapa'au, da kuma maganin gargajiya na Jojiya, da sauransu. 

==== Magungunan daji na Australiya ====
Gabaɗaya, maganin daji da mutanen Aboriginal da Torres Strait Islander ke amfani da su a [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] ana yin su ne daga kayan shuka, kamar haushi, ganye da iri, kodayake ana iya amfani da kayan dabbobi kuma.  Babban bangaren magungunan gargajiya shine maganin gargajiya, wanda shine amfani da kayan shuka na halitta don magance ko hana cututtuka. 

==== Magungunan ƴan asalin Amurka ====
Magungunan ƴan asalin ƙasar Amurka da Alaska nau'ikan warkarwa ne na gargajiya waɗanda suka wanzu tsawon dubban shekaru. Akwai shuke-shuke ethnobotany da yawa da ke cikin maganin gargajiya ga ƴan asalin ƙasar Amirka kuma wasu har yanzu ana amfani da su a yau. Idan ya zo ga magungunan gargajiya na Amirkawa, ra'ayoyin da ke tattare da lafiya da rashin lafiya a cikin al'adun ba su da bambanci da ra'ayoyin addini da ruhaniya. &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; Masu warkarwa a cikin al'ummomin ƴan asalin suna da sunaye da yawa kama daga namiji ko mace zuwa likitan ganye ko ma shaman kuma ana ɗaukar su shugabannin ruhaniya ko na addini a cikin kabilun su. &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=195–213}}&lt;/ref&gt; Idan ana maganar waraka, masu warkarwa na ƙabilanci za su kalli halayen shuka don tantance ingancinta don maganin rashin lafiya.  Takamaiman halayen shuka kamar siffar shuka, wari, launi, da ɗanɗano na iya taimakawa wajen tantance yadda za'a iya amfani da shuka azaman magani. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; Kabilar Meskwaki sun gano cewa za su iya amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga ''Arum maculatum'' don saran maciji. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; An yi la’akari da hakan ne daga bayyanar madarar ruwan da aka ce daga shukar wadda aka ce tana kama da dafin maciji, kuma siffar shukar ta yi kama da kan maciji. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; 'Yan asalin ƙasar Amirka sun yi amfani da ganyen foxglove a matsayin magani ga wata cuta da ake kira ɗigon ruwa ko edema, wanda ruwa ne ke taruwa yawanci a cikin ƙananan ƙafafu, kuma dalilinsa na yau da kullum shine ciwon zuciya. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; A cikin maganin zamani, ana amfani da tsantsa foxglove a ƙarƙashin sunan digitalis, kuma manufarsa ita ce matsakaicin bugun zuciya. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; ’Yan asalin ƙasar Amirka sun yi nasara tare da wasu ayyukan likita, kamar su magance zazzaɓi, yanayin gastrointestinal, raƙuman fata, kafa ƙashi, da kuma haihuwar jarirai, da taimaka wa iyaye mata wajen samun waraka. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; Wani bincike da aka gudanar a cikin wani asibitin IHS wanda ke ba masu warkarwa na Navajo damar ziyartar marasa lafiya ya gano cewa asibitin ya samu kashi 80 cikin 100 na nasara wajen dawo da marasa lafiya cikin hayyacinsu, wanda ya zarce adadin asibitocin sarrafa kwayoyin halitta a yau. &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; An zaɓi dangin ''Asteraceae'' da yawa don taimakon orthopedic da taimakon huhu, musamman nau'in ''Achillea'' da ''Artemisia'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=207–217}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani bincike da aka gudanar tsakanin kabilu 14 daban-daban a Arewacin Amurka ya gano cewa ''Asteraceae'' ita ce dangin tsire-tsire da aka fi amfani da shi don kayan magani. &lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot; /&gt;

==== Natuvaidyam ====
Nattuvaidyam saiti ne na ayyukan likitanci na asali waɗanda suka wanzu a Indiya kafin zuwan maganin allopathic ko na yamma.  Waɗannan ayyuka suna da nau'o'i daban-daban na ka'idoji da ra'ayoyin jiki, lafiya da cututtuka. An yi karo da juna da aron ra'ayoyi, magungunan da aka yi amfani da su da dabaru a cikin waɗannan ayyukan.  Wasu daga cikin waɗannan ayyukan sun rubuta rubuce-rubuce a cikin yarukan yare kamar Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, da sauransu. yayin da wasu kuma ana ba da su ta baki ta hanyar na'urori daban-daban. Ayurveda wani nau'i ne na nattuvaidyam da ake yi a kudancin Indiya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=43–62}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sauran sun hada da kalarichikitsa (wanda ya shafi saitin kashi da tsoka),  marmachikitsa (mahimmanci tabo tausa), ottamoolivaidyam (maganin kashi ɗaya ko magani na lokaci ɗaya),  chintamanivaidyam da sauransu. Lokacin da aka sake fasalin tsarin likitanci a cikin karni na ashirin Indiya, yawancin ayyuka da dabaru na musamman ga wasu nattuvaidyam iri-iri sun haɗa cikin Ayurveda. 

=== Maganin gida ===
'''Maganin gida''' (wani lokaci kuma ana kiransa '''maganin kaka''' ) magani ne don warkar da cuta ko cuta wanda ke amfani da wasu kayan yaji, ganye, kayan lambu, ko wasu abubuwan gama gari. Magungunan gida na iya ko ba su da kaddarorin magani waɗanda ke magance ko warkar da cutar ko cutar da ake tambaya, kamar yadda ƴan ƙasa yawanci ke wucewa tare da su (wanda [[Yanar gizo|Intanet]] ta sauƙaƙe a cikin 'yan shekarun nan). Yawancin ana amfani da su ne kawai sakamakon al'ada ko al'ada ko kuma saboda suna da tasiri wajen haifar da tasirin placebo . 

Ɗaya daga cikin mashahuran misalan maganin gida shine amfani da miya na kaji domin magance cututtuka na numfashi kamar [[Influenza|mura]]. Sauran misalan magunguna na gida sun haɗa da tef ɗin duct domin taimakawa tare da kafa ƙasusuwan da suka karye; tef ko superglue don magance warts na shuka ; da Kogel mogel don magance ciwon makogwaro. A zamanin da, an damƙa wa iyaye mata duk wasu magunguna amma masu tsanani. Littattafan girke-girke na tarihi akai-akai suna cike da magunguna don dyspepsia, zazzabi, da gunaguni na mata. &lt;ref&gt;[[Catherine Beecher|Catherine Esther Beecher]] [[iarchive:missbeechershou00beecgoog/page/n341| Mrs. Beecher's Housekeeper and Healthkeeper]] 1874. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.&lt;/ref&gt; Ana amfani da kayan aikin [[Alobera (aloe vera)|aloe]] don magance cututtukan fata. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=461–477}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin barasa ko narkar da abinci na Turai an sayar da su azaman magungunan magani. A cikin magungunan jama'ar kasar Sin, congees na magani (miyan shinkafa da aka daɗe tare da ganye), abinci, da miya suna cikin ayyukan jiyya. &lt;ref&gt;''Prince Wen Hui's Cook'' Bob Flaws and Honora Wolf 1985&lt;/ref&gt;

== Suka ==

=== Damuwar tsaro ===
Ko da yake kasashe 130 suna da ka'idoji game da magungunan jama'a, akwai haɗarin da ke tattare da amfani da su (watau [[zoonosis]], musamman kamar yadda wasu magungunan gargajiya ke amfani da sinadarai na dabba &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ifpri.org/blog/africas-growing-risk-diseases-spread-animals-people Africa’s growing risk of diseases that spread from animals to people]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12801499/ Use of animal products in traditional Chinese medicine: environmental impact and health hazards]&lt;/ref&gt; ). Sau da yawa ana ɗauka cewa saboda magungunan da ake zato na halitta ne cewa ba su da lafiya, amma ana haɗa matakan kiyayewa da yawa tare da amfani da magungunan ganye. 

=== Amfani da nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗari ===
[[File:Slow_loris_-_dried_01.JPG|right|thumb| Wani lokaci magungunan gargajiya sun haɗa da sassan nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗari, kamar jinkirin loris a kudu maso gabashin Asiya.]]
Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari, irin su jinkirin loris, wasu lokuta ana kashe su don yin magungunan gargajiya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=135–142}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Har ila yau, an yi amfani da filaye na shark a cikin magungunan gargajiya, kuma duk da cewa ba a tabbatar da ingancin su ba, yana cutar da yawan kifin shark da kuma yanayin su. 

Sana'ar hauren giwa ba bisa ka'ida ba za a iya gano wani bangare na masu siyan magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin . Bukatar hauren giwa shine babban abin da ke haifar da farautar nau'ikan da ke cikin hadari kamar karkanda da giwaye. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=23–30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Pangolins na fuskantar barazana ta hanyar farautar namansu da sikelinsu, wadanda ake amfani da su wajen maganin gargajiya. Su ne dabbobi masu shayarwa da aka fi fataucinsu a duniya.

== Duba kuma ==

* Ayurveda
* Bioprospecting
* Maganin jama'a
* Maganin ganye
* Jarrah (likita)
* Tsire-tsire masu magani
* Asalin kabilanci na Amurka
* Labarin Tsofaffin Mata
* Pharmacognosy
* Magungunan gargajiya na Afirka
* Maganin gargajiya na kasar Sin
* Laburaren Ilimi na Gargajiya
* Jerin nau'ikan madadin magani

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Maganin Gargajiya]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[File:Market_Pharmacy_Tana_MS5179.jpg|thumb|250x250px| Maganin gargajiya a kasuwa a [[Antananarivo]], [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]]]]
[[File:Botanica.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| Botánicas irin wannan a Jamaica Plain, [[Boston]], yana ba da al'ummar Latino kuma suna sayar da magungunan jama'a tare da mutum-mutumi na tsarkaka, kyandir da aka yi wa ado da addu'o'i, bamboo mai sa'a, da sauran abubuwa.]]
[[File:World Health Organisation headquarters, Geneva, north and west sides 2007.jpg|thumb]]
'''Magungunan Gargajiya''' (wanda kuma akafi sani da '''likitan ƴan ƙasa''' ko '''likitancin jama'a''' ). Ya kasance wannan ya ƙunshi&lt;ref&gt;https://aminiya.ng/dalilin-da-mutane-ke-komawa-amfani-da-magungunan-gargajiya/&lt;/ref&gt;fannonin likitanci na ilimin gargajiya, waɗanda suka bunƙasa a tsawon tsararraki a cikin aƙidar al'ummomi daban-daban, gami da ƴan asalin ƙasar, kafin lokacin maganin zamani. [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] (WHO) ta ayyana.  Maganin gargajiya a matsayin “jimlar ilimi, fasaha, da ayyuka bisa ka’idoji, imani, da gogewa na asali ga al’adu daban-daban, ko an bayyana ko a’a, da ake amfani da su wajen kula da lafiya haka nan&lt;ref&gt;https://www-bbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-53637229.amp?amp_gsa=1&amp;amp_js_v=a9&amp;usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&amp;aoh=17536266852189&amp;referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp;ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fhausa%2Flabarai-53637229&lt;/ref&gt;. kamar yadda yake a cikin rigakafi, tantancewa, ingantawa ko magance cututtukan jiki da na tabin hankali”. &lt;ref name=&quot;WHO&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/medicines/areas/traditional/definitions/en/|title=Traditional Medicine: Definitions|date=2008-12-01|access-date=2014-04-20|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Magungunan gargajiya sau da yawa sun bambanta da likitancin ilimin kimiyya.


A wasu kasashen [[Asiya]] da [[Afirka]], kusan kashi 80 a cikin 100 na al'ummar kasar sun dogara ne da magungunan gargajiya domin bukatunsu na yau da kullun a farkon wani mataki na kiwon lafiya. Lokacin da aka ɗauke shi a waje da al'adun gargajiya, ana ɗaukar magungunan gargajiya a matsayin wani nau'i na madadin magani. &lt;ref name=&quot;WHO&quot; /&gt;Ayyukan da aka fi sani da magungunan gargajiya sun haɗa da magungunan gargajiya na Turai, magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin, magungunan gargajiya na Koriya, magungunan gargajiya na Afirka, Ayurveda, magungunan Siddha, Unani, magungunan gargajiya na Iran, magungunan Musulunci na tsakiya, Muti, da Ifá. Sana'o'in kimiyya da ke nazarin likitancin gargajiya sun hada da herbalism, ethnomedicine, ethnobotany, da kuma ilimin halin ɗan adam.
[[Fayil:Mercado Modelo de Chupaca Peru- herbal medicine seller.jpg|thumb|maganin gargajiya]]
WHO ta lura cewa, duk da haka, &quot;yin amfani da magungunan gargajiya ko ayyuka marasa dacewa na iya haifar da mummunan tasiri ko haɗari&quot; kuma &quot; ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike domin tabbatar da inganci da aminci&quot; irin waɗannan ayyuka da tsira-tsiren masu magani da tsarin magungunan gargajiya ke amfani da su.  &lt;ref name=&quot;WHO&quot; /&gt;A sakamakon haka,hukumar lafiya ta dubiya wato (WHO) ta aiwatar da dabarun shekaru tara domin taimakawa kasashen mambobin kungiyar domin samar da manufofi masu tasiri da aiwatar da tsare-tsaren ayyuka da za su karfafa rawar da magungunan gargajiya ke takawa wajen kiyaye lafiyar jama'a.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/medicines/publications/traditional/trm_strategy14_23/en/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113165644/http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/traditional/trm_strategy14_23/en/|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 13, 2014|title=WHO traditional medicine strategy: 2014-2023|date=December 2013|website=The World Health Organization|access-date=June 27, 2023|archivedate=January 13, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113165644/http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/traditional/trm_strategy14_23/en/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Amfani da tarihi ==

=== Tarihi na gargajiya ===
A cikin rubuce-rubucen da aka rubuta, binciken da aka yi na ganye ya samo asali ne shekaru 5,000 zuwa tsohuwar [[Sumer|Sumerians]], waɗanda suka bayyana ingantaccen amfani da magani ga shuke-shuke. A cikin magungunan Masar na d ¯ a, papyrus Ebers daga c. 1552 BC ya rubuta jerin magungunan jama'a da ayyukan likita na sihiri.  [[Tsohon Alkawari]] kuma ya ambaci amfani da ganye da kuma noma game da Kashrut.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ebers' Papyrus|url=http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/443.html|access-date=28 December 2014}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Yawancin ganyaye da ma'adanai da aka yi amfani da su a Ayurveda an kwatanta su ne da tsoffin masana ganye na Indiya irin su Charaka da Sushruta a lokacin karni na 1 BC.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Girish Dwivedi|first=Shridhar Dwivedi|year=2007|title=History of Medicine: Sushruta – the Clinician – Teacher par Excellence|publisher=[[National Informatics Centre]]|url=http://medind.nic.in/iae/t07/i4/iaet07i4p243.pdf|access-date=2008-10-08|archive-date=2008-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010045900/http://medind.nic.in/iae/t07/i4/iaet07i4p243.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Littafin ganye na farko na kasar Sin shi ne ''Shennong Bencao Jing'', wanda aka harhada a zamanin daular Han amma tun daga baya aka kara shi a matsayin ''Yaoxing Lun'' ( ''Maganin yanayin Ganyewar Magunguna'' ) a lokacin daular Tang . Mawallafin Hellenanci na farko da aka sani na ilimin ganye na zamani da na yanzu sun haɗa da [[Pythagoreanism|Pythagoras da mabiyansa]], Hippocrates, [[Aristotle]], Theophrastus, Dioscorides da Galen .

Tushen Romawa sun haɗa da ''Tarihin Halitta'' [[Pliny Babba|na Pliny]] da Celsus 's ''De Medicina'' .  Pedanius Dioscorides ya zana kuma ya gyara mawallafin farko don ''De Materia Medica'',&lt;ref name=&quot;Kay1996&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Kay|first=MA|year=1996|title=Healing with plants in the American and Mexican West|isbn=978-0-8165-1646-9|publisher=[[University of Arizona Press]]|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780186516465/page/19 19–20]|location=Tucson|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780186516465/page/19}}&lt;/ref&gt; yana ƙara sababbin abubuwa; An fassara aikin zuwa harsuna da dama, kuma an ƙara sunayen [[Turkanci|Turkawa]], [[Larabci]] da [[Ibrananci]] a cikinsa tsawon ƙarni.  Rubutun Latin na ''De Materia Medica'' an haɗa su tare da ganyen Latin ta Apuleius Platonicus ( ''Herbarium Apuleii Platonici'' ) kuma an haɗa su cikin codex Anglo-Saxon ''Cotton Vitellius C.III''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Blunt1994&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author1=Raphael, Sandra |author2=Blunt, Wilfrid |title=The Illustrated herbal|publisher=Frances Lincoln|location=London|year=1994|isbn=978-0-7112-0914-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;Waɗannan rukunonin Girka na farko da na Romawa sun zama ƙashin bayan ka'idar likitancin Turai kuma Persian [[Ibn Sina|Avicenna]] (Ibn Sīnā, 980-1037), Persian [[Muhammad dan Zakariya al-Razi|Rhazes]] (Rāzi, 865-925) da Maimonides na Yahudawa suka fassara su. &lt;ref name=&quot;Kay1996&quot; /&gt;

An yi amfani da wasu burbushin maganin gargajiya tun zamanin da. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=323–332}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Medieval kuma daga baya ===
Magungunan 'yan asalin Larabci sun samo asali daga rikici tsakanin magungunan tushen sihiri na Badawiyya da fassarar Larabci na al'adun likitancin Hellenic da Ayurvedic .  Larabawa sun yi tasiri a kan likitancin Spain daga 711 zuwa 1492.  Likitoci na Musulunci da masanan kimiyyar ilmin halitta musulmi irin su al-Dinawari &lt;ref name=&quot;Fahd-815&quot;&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia|edition=Régis}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Ibn al-Baitar &lt;ref name=&quot;Diane&quot;&gt;Diane Boulanger (2002), &quot;The Islamic Contribution to Science, Mathematics and Technology&quot;, ''OISE Papers'', in ''STSE Education'', Vol. 3.&lt;/ref&gt; sun fadada sosai akan ilimin likitancin mata. Shahararriyar rubutun likitancin Farisa shine Avicenna's ''Canon of Medicine'', wanda shine farkon pharmacopoeia kuma ya gabatar da gwaji na asibiti .  &lt;ref name=&quot;Eldredge&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=34–44 [36]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Bloom&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=13–21 [19]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fassara ''Canon'' zuwa Latin a karni na 12 kuma ya kasance ikon likita a Turai har zuwa karni na 17. Hakanan tsarin Unani na magungunan gargajiya yana dogara ne akan ''Canon'' . 

Hieronymus Bock ya yi fassarar farkon rubutun Roman-Greek zuwa Jamusanci wanda aka buga a cikin 1546, ana kiransa ''Kreuter Buch'' . An fassara littafin zuwa Yaren mutanen Holland azaman ''Pemptades'' ta Rembert Dodoens (1517-1585), kuma daga Yaren mutanen Holland zuwa [[Turanci]] ta Carolus Clusius, (1526–1609), Henry Lyte ya buga a 1578 a matsayin ''A Nievve Herball'' . Wannan ya zama John Gerard 's (1545-1612) ''Herball ko Janar Tarihin Tsirrai'' .   Kowane sabon aiki ya kasance tarin rubutun da ake da su tare da sababbin ƙari.

Ilimin jama'a na mata ya wanzu a layi daya da waɗannan matani.  Har ila yau ana jera magunguna arba'in da huɗu, abubuwan maye, abubuwan ɗanɗano da abubuwan motsa rai da Dioscorides ya ambata a cikin pharmacopoeias na Turai.  Puritans sun ɗauki aikin Gerard zuwa [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] inda ya rinjayi magungunan 'yan asalin Amurka. &lt;ref name=&quot;Kay1996&quot; /&gt;

Francisco Hernández, likitan Philip na biyu na Spain ya shafe shekaru 1571-1577 yana tattara bayanai a [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]] sannan ya rubuta ''Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus'', yawancin nau'ikan da aka buga ciki har da wanda Francisco Ximénez ya buga. Dukansu Hernandez da Ximenez sun dace da bayanan kabilanci na Aztec a cikin ra'ayoyin Turai game da cututtuka kamar &quot;dumi&quot;, &quot;sanyi&quot;, da &quot;danshi&quot;, amma ba a bayyana cewa Aztecs sun yi amfani da waɗannan nau'ikan ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=215–20}}&lt;/ref&gt; Juan de Esteyneffer 's ''Florilegio medicinal de todas las enfermedas'' ya tattara matani na Turai kuma ya ƙara shuke-shuken Mexico guda 35.

Martín de la Cruz ya rubuta wani ganye a Nahuatl wanda Juan Badiano ya fassara zuwa [[Harshen Latin|Latin]] kamar ''Libellus de Medicinalibus Indorum Herbis'' ko ''Codex Barberini, Latin 241'' kuma aka ba Sarki Carlos V na Spain a 1552.  Da alama an rubuta shi cikin gaggawa  kuma mamayewar Turawa na shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya rinjaye shi. Fray Bernardino de Sahagún ya yi amfani da hanyoyin ƙabilanci don tattara ka'idodinsa waɗanda suka zama ''Tarihi Janar de las Cosas de Nueva España'', wanda aka buga a 1793. &lt;ref name=&quot;Heinrich2005&quot; /&gt; Castore Durante ya buga ''Herbario Nuovo'' a cikin 1585 yana kwatanta tsire-tsire masu magani daga Turai da Gabas da Yammacin Indiya . An fassara shi zuwa Jamusanci a cikin 1609 kuma an buga bugu na Italiyanci na ƙarni na gaba.

=== Mallakar Amurka ===
A cikin karni na 17 da 18 a Amurka, masu maganin gargajiya, mata akai-akai, sun yi amfani da magungunan ganye, cin abinci da leshi . &lt;ref&gt;Rosalyn Fraad Baxandall, Linda Gordon, Susan Reverb, America's Working Women: A Documentary History, (1600) to the Present, W. W. Norton &amp; Company, 1995, p. 50&lt;/ref&gt; Magungunan gargajiya na Amirkawa na gargajiya sun gabatar da maganin zazzabin cizon sauro, ciwon zazzaɓi, scurvy, syphilis maras nauyi, da matsalolin goiter. &lt;ref&gt;Madsen, Deborah L. The Routledge Companion to Native American Literature, Routledge, 2015&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin waɗannan magungunan ganye da na jama'a sun ci gaba har zuwa karni na 19 zuwa karni na 20, &lt;ref&gt;Swerdlow JL. Medicine Changes: late 19th to early 20th century. Nature's Medicine: Plants that Heal. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society; 2000. pp. 158–91.&lt;/ref&gt; tare da wasu magungunan tsire-tsire waɗanda suka zama tushen ilimin harhada magunguna na zamani. &lt;ref&gt;Eugenia M. Fulcher, Robert M. Fulcher, Cathy Dubeansky, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=qs_sAwAAQBAJ Pharmacology: Principles and Applications']', Soto Elsevier Health Sciences, 2014, p. 5 ''&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Amfanin zamani ===
Yaɗuwar magungunan jama'a a wasu yankuna na duniya ya bambanta bisa ga ka'idodin al'adu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=20–38}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wasu magungunan zamani sun dogara ne akan sinadarai na shuka waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin magungunan jama'a.  Masu bincike sun bayyana cewa da yawa daga cikin madadin jiyya ba su da &quot;ƙididdigar ƙididdiga daga magungunan placebo &quot;. &lt;ref&gt;''[[The Economist]]'', &quot;[https://www.economist.com/node/18710090 Alternative Medicine: Think yourself better]&quot;, 21 May 2011, pp. 83–84.&lt;/ref&gt;

== watsa ilimi da halitta ==
Maganin ƴan asalin gabaɗaya ana yaɗa su ta baki ta hanyar al'umma, dangi da daidaikun mutane har sai an “tara”. A cikin wata al'ada da aka ba da, abubuwan ilimin likitancin na asali na iya zama sananne ga mutane da yawa, ko kuma waɗanda ke cikin takamaiman aikin warkarwa kamar shaman ko ungozoma .  Abubuwa uku sun halatta matsayin mai warkarwa - akidarsu, nasarar ayyukansu da imanin al'umma.  Lokacin da al'adar ta ƙi iƙirarin magungunan ƴan asalin, gabaɗaya iri uku na mabiya suna amfani da shi - waɗanda aka haife su kuma suka yi tarayya da su a cikinta waɗanda suka zama masu bi na dindindin, masu bi na ɗan lokaci waɗanda suka juya zuwa gare shi a lokutan wahala, da waɗanda suka yi imani kawai a takamaiman fannoni., ba a cikin duka ba.  

== Ma'ana da kalmomi ==
Ana iya ɗaukar magungunan gargajiya a wani lokaci a matsayin dabam da magungunan jama'a, kuma ana la'akari da sun haɗa da abubuwan da aka tsara na maganin jama'a. A karkashin wannan ma'anar magungunan jama'a akwai magungunan da aka dade suna yadawa da kuma amfani da su. Magungunan jama'a sun ƙunshi ayyukan warkaswa da ra'ayoyin ilimin halittar jiki da kiyaye [[Lafiya|lafiyar]] da wasu suka sani a cikin al'ada, ana watsawa ta hanyar yau da kullun azaman ilimin gabaɗaya, kuma kowa a cikin al'adar da ke da gogewa ta farko ya yi aiki ko amfani da shi. 

=== Maganin jama'a ===
[[File:Curandera_performing_a_limpieza.jpg|thumb| Curandera yana yin ''limpieza'' a Cuenca, Ecuador]]
Kasashe da yawa suna da ayyukan da aka siffanta a matsayin magungunan jama'a waɗanda za su iya kasancewa tare tare da tsarin aikin likita na yau da kullun, tushen kimiyya, da kuma tsarin aikin likita wanda ke wakilta.  Misalan al'adun magungunan jama'a sune magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin, likitancin Iran, likitancin Koriya, likitancin Larabci, maganin gargajiya na Uygur, magungunan Kampho na Japan, magungunan daji na Aboriginal na gargajiya, 'yan asalin Hawaiian La'au lapa'au, da kuma maganin gargajiya na Jojiya, da sauransu. 

==== Magungunan daji na Australiya ====
Gabaɗaya, maganin daji da mutanen Aboriginal da Torres Strait Islander ke amfani da su a [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] ana yin su ne daga kayan shuka, kamar haushi, ganye da iri, kodayake ana iya amfani da kayan dabbobi kuma.  Babban bangaren magungunan gargajiya shine maganin gargajiya, wanda shine amfani da kayan shuka na halitta don magance ko hana cututtuka. 

==== Magungunan ƴan asalin Amurka ====
Magungunan ƴan asalin ƙasar Amurka da Alaska nau'ikan warkarwa ne na gargajiya waɗanda suka wanzu tsawon dubban shekaru. Akwai shuke-shuke ethnobotany da yawa da ke cikin maganin gargajiya ga ƴan asalin ƙasar Amirka kuma wasu har yanzu ana amfani da su a yau. Idan ya zo ga magungunan gargajiya na Amirkawa, ra'ayoyin da ke tattare da lafiya da rashin lafiya a cikin al'adun ba su da bambanci da ra'ayoyin addini da ruhaniya. &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; Masu warkarwa a cikin al'ummomin ƴan asalin suna da sunaye da yawa kama daga namiji ko mace zuwa likitan ganye ko ma shaman kuma ana ɗaukar su shugabannin ruhaniya ko na addini a cikin kabilun su. &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=195–213}}&lt;/ref&gt; Idan ana maganar waraka, masu warkarwa na ƙabilanci za su kalli halayen shuka don tantance ingancinta don maganin rashin lafiya.  Takamaiman halayen shuka kamar siffar shuka, wari, launi, da ɗanɗano na iya taimakawa wajen tantance yadda za'a iya amfani da shuka azaman magani. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; Kabilar Meskwaki sun gano cewa za su iya amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga ''Arum maculatum'' don saran maciji. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; An yi la’akari da hakan ne daga bayyanar madarar ruwan da aka ce daga shukar wadda aka ce tana kama da dafin maciji, kuma siffar shukar ta yi kama da kan maciji. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; 'Yan asalin ƙasar Amirka sun yi amfani da ganyen foxglove a matsayin magani ga wata cuta da ake kira ɗigon ruwa ko edema, wanda ruwa ne ke taruwa yawanci a cikin ƙananan ƙafafu, kuma dalilinsa na yau da kullum shine ciwon zuciya. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; A cikin maganin zamani, ana amfani da tsantsa foxglove a ƙarƙashin sunan digitalis, kuma manufarsa ita ce matsakaicin bugun zuciya. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; ’Yan asalin ƙasar Amirka sun yi nasara tare da wasu ayyukan likita, kamar su magance zazzaɓi, yanayin gastrointestinal, raƙuman fata, kafa ƙashi, da kuma haihuwar jarirai, da taimaka wa iyaye mata wajen samun waraka. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; Wani bincike da aka gudanar a cikin wani asibitin IHS wanda ke ba masu warkarwa na Navajo damar ziyartar marasa lafiya ya gano cewa asibitin ya samu kashi 80 cikin 100 na nasara wajen dawo da marasa lafiya cikin hayyacinsu, wanda ya zarce adadin asibitocin sarrafa kwayoyin halitta a yau. &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; An zaɓi dangin ''Asteraceae'' da yawa don taimakon orthopedic da taimakon huhu, musamman nau'in ''Achillea'' da ''Artemisia'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=207–217}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani bincike da aka gudanar tsakanin kabilu 14 daban-daban a Arewacin Amurka ya gano cewa ''Asteraceae'' ita ce dangin tsire-tsire da aka fi amfani da shi don kayan magani. &lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot; /&gt;

==== Natuvaidyam ====
Nattuvaidyam saiti ne na ayyukan likitanci na asali waɗanda suka wanzu a Indiya kafin zuwan maganin allopathic ko na yamma.  Waɗannan ayyuka suna da nau'o'i daban-daban na ka'idoji da ra'ayoyin jiki, lafiya da cututtuka. An yi karo da juna da aron ra'ayoyi, magungunan da aka yi amfani da su da dabaru a cikin waɗannan ayyukan.  Wasu daga cikin waɗannan ayyukan sun rubuta rubuce-rubuce a cikin yarukan yare kamar Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, da sauransu. yayin da wasu kuma ana ba da su ta baki ta hanyar na'urori daban-daban. Ayurveda wani nau'i ne na nattuvaidyam da ake yi a kudancin Indiya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=43–62}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sauran sun hada da kalarichikitsa (wanda ya shafi saitin kashi da tsoka),  marmachikitsa (mahimmanci tabo tausa), ottamoolivaidyam (maganin kashi ɗaya ko magani na lokaci ɗaya),  chintamanivaidyam da sauransu. Lokacin da aka sake fasalin tsarin likitanci a cikin karni na ashirin Indiya, yawancin ayyuka da dabaru na musamman ga wasu nattuvaidyam iri-iri sun haɗa cikin Ayurveda. 

=== Maganin gida ===
'''Maganin gida''' (wani lokaci kuma ana kiransa '''maganin kaka''' ) magani ne don warkar da cuta ko cuta wanda ke amfani da wasu kayan yaji, ganye, kayan lambu, ko wasu abubuwan gama gari. Magungunan gida na iya ko ba su da kaddarorin magani waɗanda ke magance ko warkar da cutar ko cutar da ake tambaya, kamar yadda ƴan ƙasa yawanci ke wucewa tare da su (wanda [[Yanar gizo|Intanet]] ta sauƙaƙe a cikin 'yan shekarun nan). Yawancin ana amfani da su ne kawai sakamakon al'ada ko al'ada ko kuma saboda suna da tasiri wajen haifar da tasirin placebo . 

Ɗaya daga cikin mashahuran misalan maganin gida shine amfani da miya na kaji domin magance cututtuka na numfashi kamar [[Influenza|mura]]. Sauran misalan magunguna na gida sun haɗa da tef ɗin duct domin taimakawa tare da kafa ƙasusuwan da suka karye; tef ko superglue don magance warts na shuka ; da Kogel mogel don magance ciwon makogwaro. A zamanin da, an damƙa wa iyaye mata duk wasu magunguna amma masu tsanani. Littattafan girke-girke na tarihi akai-akai suna cike da magunguna don dyspepsia, zazzabi, da gunaguni na mata. &lt;ref&gt;[[Catherine Beecher|Catherine Esther Beecher]] [[iarchive:missbeechershou00beecgoog/page/n341| Mrs. Beecher's Housekeeper and Healthkeeper]] 1874. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.&lt;/ref&gt; Ana amfani da kayan aikin [[Alobera (aloe vera)|aloe]] don magance cututtukan fata. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=461–477}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin barasa ko narkar da abinci na Turai an sayar da su azaman magungunan magani. A cikin magungunan jama'ar kasar Sin, congees na magani (miyan shinkafa da aka daɗe tare da ganye), abinci, da miya suna cikin ayyukan jiyya. &lt;ref&gt;''Prince Wen Hui's Cook'' Bob Flaws and Honora Wolf 1985&lt;/ref&gt;

== Suka ==

=== Damuwar tsaro ===
Ko da yake kasashe 130 suna da ka'idoji game da magungunan jama'a, akwai haɗarin da ke tattare da amfani da su (watau [[zoonosis]], musamman kamar yadda wasu magungunan gargajiya ke amfani da sinadarai na dabba &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ifpri.org/blog/africas-growing-risk-diseases-spread-animals-people Africa’s growing risk of diseases that spread from animals to people]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12801499/ Use of animal products in traditional Chinese medicine: environmental impact and health hazards]&lt;/ref&gt; ). Sau da yawa ana ɗauka cewa saboda magungunan da ake zato na halitta ne cewa ba su da lafiya, amma ana haɗa matakan kiyayewa da yawa tare da amfani da magungunan ganye. 

=== Amfani da nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗari ===
[[File:Slow_loris_-_dried_01.JPG|right|thumb| Wani lokaci magungunan gargajiya sun haɗa da sassan nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗari, kamar jinkirin loris a kudu maso gabashin Asiya.]]
Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari, irin su jinkirin loris, wasu lokuta ana kashe su don yin magungunan gargajiya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=135–142}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Har ila yau, an yi amfani da filaye na shark a cikin magungunan gargajiya, kuma duk da cewa ba a tabbatar da ingancin su ba, yana cutar da yawan kifin shark da kuma yanayin su. 

Sana'ar hauren giwa ba bisa ka'ida ba za a iya gano wani bangare na masu siyan magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin . Bukatar hauren giwa shine babban abin da ke haifar da farautar nau'ikan da ke cikin hadari kamar karkanda da giwaye. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url-status=23–30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Pangolins na fuskantar barazana ta hanyar farautar namansu da sikelinsu, wadanda ake amfani da su wajen maganin gargajiya. Su ne dabbobi masu shayarwa da aka fi fataucinsu a duniya.

== Duba kuma ==

* Ayurveda
* Bioprospecting
* Maganin jama'a
* Maganin ganye
* Jarrah (likita)
* Tsire-tsire masu magani
* Asalin kabilanci na Amurka
* Labarin Tsofaffin Mata
* Pharmacognosy
* Magungunan gargajiya na Afirka
* Maganin gargajiya na kasar Sin
* Laburaren Ilimi na Gargajiya
* Jerin nau'ikan madadin magani

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Maganin Gargajiya]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Chika Anadu</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1378325512|Chika Anadu]]&quot;</comment>
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Chika Anadu 'yar fim ce ta Najeriya wacce aka fi sani da fim din B for Boy (2013). Ta kuma rubuta kuma ta samar da gajeren fina-finai da yawa.[1] An san fina-finai na Anadu da magance batutuwan nuna bambanci tsakanin jinsi da matsalolin al'adu da ke kewaye da al'ada a Najeriya.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Chika Anadu a watan Nuwamba 1980 a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]], wanda ke yankin kudu maso yammacin [[Najeriya]]. Lokacin da take da shekaru 16, ta koma Ingila don ci gaba da karatunta. Yayinda take can, ta yi matakan 'A', ta kammala digiri na farko a fannin Shari'a da Criminology, kuma ta sami MA a Nazarin Afirka: Ci gaban Dan Adam da Ci gaba mai dorewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ellerson |first=Beti |title=A Glance at Cannes: The Festival Residency |url=http://africanwomenincinema.blogspot.ca/2011/05/glance-at-cannes-festival-residency.html |access-date=22 February 2016 |website=African Women in Cinema Blog}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wata hira da aka yi da Kwalejin Fim ta New York, Anadu ta bayyana cewa tana son fina-finai a duk rayuwarta ta farko, amma ba sai 2006 ba ce ta yi tunanin zama darektan a matsayin aiki na gaskiya ga kanta. Anadu ta koma Najeriya a shekara ta 2006 don kammala shirin ta na National Youth Service Corps (NYSC), shirin aiki na tilas na gwamnati ga 'yan Najeriya da digiri na jami'a. A lokacin da ta zauna, ta ga fim din Italiyanci Cinema Paradiso (1988) kuma sha'awar zama darektan ta burge ta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Zurko |first=Nick |title=It all Starts With a Script |url=https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/it-all-starts-with-a-script-an-interview-with-chika-anadu/ |access-date=9 February 2016 |publisher=New York Film Academy}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
Anadu ya koma Najeriya a shekara ta 2008 kuma ya fara aiki a talabijin da samar da fim. Ba ta gamsu da kwarewarta ba, Anadu ta fara rubutu da yin fim dinta a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Obenson |first=Tambay |title=Chika Anadu Wins AFI Fest 2013 Breakthrough Award w/  Feature Debut B For Boy |url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/chika-anadu-wins-afi-fest-2013-breakthrough-award-w-feature-debut-b-for-boy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306175816/http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/chika-anadu-wins-afi-fest-2013-breakthrough-award-w-feature-debut-b-for-boy |archive-date=6 March 2016 |access-date=22 February 2016 |publisher=Indiewire}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna gajeren fim dinta na farko, Epilogue (2009), a bikin fina-finai na San Diego Black na 2010 a Amurka. An nuna ''Ava'' (2010) a cikin gajeren fim na bikin fina-finai na Cannes a cikin 2010. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Epilogue |url=http://nigercultures.net/en/file.film.epilogue.13880.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306012110/http://nigercultures.net/en/file.film.epilogue.13880.html |archive-date=March 6, 2016 |access-date=25 February 2016 |publisher=Nigercultures}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin shekara ta 2010, Kwalejin Fim ta New York ta zo Najeriya a karo na farko, tana ba da bita na tsawon wata a cikin jagora, wasan kwaikwayo, rubutun allo, da aikin kyamara. Anadu ta zaɓi yin rajista a cikin bita na rubutun allo maimakon jagorantar, duk da sanin cewa tana so ta zama darektan.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bennett |first=Kim |title=Filmmaker Chika Anadu Creates Dialogue for Change With B For Boy |url=http://seattlemedium.com/filmmaker-chika-anadu-creates-dialogue-for-change-with-b-for-boy/ |access-date=25 February 2016 |website=The Seattle Medium}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan lokacin, Anadu ya nemi shirin zama na Cannes Cinéfondation a Paris. Maganin rubutun shafi 14 wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na gabatarwar ta shine tushen abin da zai zama fim dinta na farko, B for Boy (2013). Anadu ya sami ɗaya daga cikin wurare shida kuma ya koma Paris don shiga. Ta rubuta rubutun don B for Boy (2013) a lokacin da ta zauna makonni biyu da rabi. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Anadu ta samar da fim din tare da kamfaninta mai zaman kanta No Blondes Production .  An harbe fim din a cikin kwanaki 17, tare da Anadu yana aiki a matsayin darektan, marubuci, furodusa, darektan jefawa, mai binciken wuri, mai lissafi, da lauya. Fim din ya samo asali ne daga kuɗin iyali, dangin Anadu sun ba da gudummawa 70% na farashin, yayin da abokin aikinta mai samarwa Arie Esiri ya ba da guddina ga sauran kashi 30.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; B for Boy (2013) an fara shi ne a duniya a bikin fina-finai na BFI na London a shekarar 2013. An kuma nuna shi a AFI Fest inda ya lashe kyautar AFI Fest 2013 Breakthrough Award tare da kyautar kuɗi ta $ 5,000. An gudanar da fim din na Afirka ta Kudu a Durban a ranar 19 ga Yuli, 2014. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Vourlias |first=Christopher |title=Durban Festival: ‘Boy’ Helmer’s Path to Screen Full of Curves |url=https://variety.com/2014/film/festivals/durban-festival-boy-helmers-path-to-screen-full-of-curves-1201264472/ |access-date=18 February 2016 |website=Variety}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hotunan fina-finai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
!Fim din
|-
|2009
|''Labari na ƙarshe''
|-
|2010
|''Ava''
|-
|2012
|''Dalilin Aure''
|-
|2013
|''[[B for Boy|B don Ɗauki]]''
|-
|2015
|''Komawa Gida''
|-
|2020
|''Haskaka Idanunka''
|-
|2023
|Ba na zuwa gare ku da sa'a
|}

== Dubi kuma ==

* [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya]]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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Chika Anadu 'yar fim ce ta Najeriya wacce aka fi sani da fim din B for Boy (2013). Ta kuma rubuta kuma ta samar da gajeren fina-finai da yawa.[1] An san fina-finai na Anadu da magance batutuwan nuna bambanci tsakanin jinsi da matsalolin al'adu da ke kewaye da al'ada a Najeriya.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Chika Anadu a watan Nuwamba 1980 a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]], wanda ke yankin kudu maso yammacin [[Najeriya]]. Lokacin da take da shekaru 16, ta koma Ingila don ci gaba da karatunta. Yayinda take can, ta yi matakan 'A', ta kammala digiri na farko a fannin Shari'a da Criminology, kuma ta sami MA a Nazarin Afirka: Ci gaban Dan Adam da Ci gaba mai dorewa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ellerson |first=Beti |title=A Glance at Cannes: The Festival Residency |url=http://africanwomenincinema.blogspot.ca/2011/05/glance-at-cannes-festival-residency.html |access-date=22 February 2016 |website=African Women in Cinema Blog}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wata hira da aka yi da Kwalejin Fim ta New York, Anadu ta bayyana cewa tana son fina-finai a duk rayuwarta ta farko, amma ba sai 2006 ba ce ta yi tunanin zama darektan a matsayin aiki na gaskiya ga kanta. Anadu ta koma Najeriya a shekara ta 2006 don kammala shirin ta na National Youth Service Corps (NYSC), shirin aiki na tilas na gwamnati ga 'yan Najeriya da digiri na jami'a. A lokacin da ta zauna, ta ga fim din Italiyanci Cinema Paradiso (1988) kuma sha'awar zama darektan ta burge ta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Zurko |first=Nick |title=It all Starts With a Script |url=https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/it-all-starts-with-a-script-an-interview-with-chika-anadu/ |access-date=9 February 2016 |publisher=New York Film Academy}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
Anadu ya koma Najeriya a shekara ta 2008 kuma ya fara aiki a talabijin da samar da fim. Ba ta gamsu da kwarewarta ba, Anadu ta fara rubutu da yin fim dinta a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Obenson |first=Tambay |title=Chika Anadu Wins AFI Fest 2013 Breakthrough Award w/  Feature Debut B For Boy |url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/chika-anadu-wins-afi-fest-2013-breakthrough-award-w-feature-debut-b-for-boy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306175816/http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/chika-anadu-wins-afi-fest-2013-breakthrough-award-w-feature-debut-b-for-boy |archive-date=6 March 2016 |access-date=22 February 2016 |publisher=Indiewire}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna gajeren fim dinta na farko, Epilogue (2009), a bikin fina-finai na San Diego Black na 2010 a Amurka. An nuna ''Ava'' (2010) a cikin gajeren fim na bikin fina-finai na Cannes a cikin 2010. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Epilogue |url=http://nigercultures.net/en/file.film.epilogue.13880.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306012110/http://nigercultures.net/en/file.film.epilogue.13880.html |archive-date=March 6, 2016 |access-date=25 February 2016 |publisher=Nigercultures}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin shekara ta 2010, Kwalejin Fim ta New York ta zo Najeriya a karo na farko, tana ba da bita na tsawon wata a cikin jagora, wasan kwaikwayo, rubutun allo, da aikin kyamara. Anadu ta zaɓi yin rajista a cikin bita na rubutun allo maimakon jagorantar, duk da sanin cewa tana so ta zama darektan.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bennett |first=Kim |title=Filmmaker Chika Anadu Creates Dialogue for Change With B For Boy |url=http://seattlemedium.com/filmmaker-chika-anadu-creates-dialogue-for-change-with-b-for-boy/ |access-date=25 February 2016 |website=The Seattle Medium}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan lokacin, Anadu ya nemi shirin zama na Cannes Cinéfondation a Paris. Maganin rubutun shafi 14 wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na gabatarwar ta shine tushen abin da zai zama fim dinta na farko, B for Boy (2013). Anadu ya sami ɗaya daga cikin wurare shida kuma ya koma Paris don shiga. Ta rubuta rubutun don B for Boy (2013) a lokacin da ta zauna makonni biyu da rabi. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Anadu ta samar da fim din tare da kamfaninta mai zaman kanta No Blondes Production .  An harbe fim din a cikin kwanaki 17, tare da Anadu yana aiki a matsayin darektan, marubuci, furodusa, darektan jefawa, mai binciken wuri, mai lissafi, da lauya. Fim din ya samo asali ne daga kuɗin iyali, dangin Anadu sun ba da gudummawa 70% na farashin, yayin da abokin aikinta mai samarwa Arie Esiri ya ba da guddina ga sauran kashi 30.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; B for Boy (2013) an fara shi ne a duniya a bikin fina-finai na BFI na London a shekarar 2013. An kuma nuna shi a AFI Fest inda ya lashe kyautar AFI Fest 2013 Breakthrough Award tare da kyautar kuɗi ta $ 5,000. An gudanar da fim din na Afirka ta Kudu a Durban a ranar 19 ga Yuli, 2014. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Vourlias |first=Christopher |title=Durban Festival: ‘Boy’ Helmer’s Path to Screen Full of Curves |url=https://variety.com/2014/film/festivals/durban-festival-boy-helmers-path-to-screen-full-of-curves-1201264472/ |access-date=18 February 2016 |website=Variety}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hotunan fina-finai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
!Fim din
|-
|2009
|''Labari na ƙarshe''
|-
|2010
|''Ava''
|-
|2012
|''Dalilin Aure''
|-
|2013
|''[[B for Boy|B don Ɗauki]]''
|-
|2015
|''Komawa Gida''
|-
|2020
|''Haskaka Idanunka''
|-
|2023
|Ba na zuwa gare ku da sa'a
|}

== Dubi kuma ==

* [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya]]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1980]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Dimbo Atiya</title>
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'''Dimbo Atiya''' (ya mutu {{Circa|6 August 2026}} 6 Agusta 2026) ya kasance mai shirya fina-finai na [[Nollywood]] na Najeriya kuma darektan  daga jihar [[Nasarawa]] .  A shekara ta 2022, ya lashe lambar yabo ta AMVCA Best Africa Magic Original Drama Series ta 2022 tare da jerin wasan kwaikwayo ''Halita'' da ya samar, inda ya doke wasu masu fafatawa shida.

== Rayuwa da aiki ==
A

{{Databox}}

tiya ya fara nazarin tsarin birane da na yanki amma nan da nan ya fahimci cewa sha'awarsa ta kasance a wani wuri.

A shekara ta 2008, Atiya ya fara aiki a wani babban aikin, inda ya jagoranci Naija Diamonds. A cikin wannan shekarar, an zabi shi don Kyautar Matasan Kasuwanci ta Duniya ta Majalisar Burtaniya kuma daga baya aka ba shi tallafin karatu don halartar Creative Lives, shirin ci gaba a Makarantar Kasuwancin Legas wanda Majalisar Burtaniya ta ba da gudummawa. A wannan shirin ne Atiya ya sadu da matarsa, Karachi . [1]

Ya yanke shawarar yin rajista a Kwalejin Fim ta New York a shekarar 2012, yana karbar darussan kwararru a yin fim da samarwa a makarantun Kwalejin a New York da [[California]].

Atiya ta samar da shirye-shiryen talabijin sama da 500 da fina-finai guda biyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=We are hosting Dimbo Atiya (CEO, Innovative Television Kontents - ITK) |url=https://www.startupgrind.com/events/details/startup-grind-jos-presents-we-are-hosting-dimbo-atiya-ceo-innovative-television-kontents-itk/ |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=Startup Grind |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-08-03 |title=Dimbo Atiya Archives |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/tag/dimbo-atiya/ |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=The Eagle Online |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Atiya kuma ta gudanar da aikin daukar hoto don Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na London kuma a wani lokaci, shugaban daukar hoto don alamar cinikin kan layi [[Konga.com]]. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2026}}

Ya yi aiki a matsayin co-halicci, babban furodusa, furodusawa, co-rubuce-rubuce da darektan The Rishantes, jerin wasan kwaikwayo a kan Afirka Magic da Showmax . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=MEDIA |first=OSG |date=2022-11-03 |title=Fans of Halita, Get In Here!!!! |url=https://olorisupergal.com/290196/movies/fans-of-halita-who-have-been-following-the-series-since-it-first-premiered-in-2019/ |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=OloriSuperGal |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zabi wasan kwaikwayon kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta 2022 ta Afirka Magic Viewers' Choice Awards for Best Africa Magic Original Drama Series.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dimbo Atiya's Strong starts production |url=https://contentnigeria.net/dimbo-atiyas-strong-starts-production/ |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=Content Nigeria |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240803173039/https://contentnigeria.net/dimbo-atiyas-strong-starts-production/ |archive-date=2024-08-03 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An sanar da mutuwar Atiya a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta 2026. 

== Ayyuka ==

; A matsayin furodusa, darektan, da marubuci

* ''Zane Ƙarfi'' (2019) 
* ''[[Still Falling|Har yanzu yana faɗuwa]]'' (lokaci 2; 2021) 
* ''Shirin'' (miniserie na TV; 2023) 

; A matsayin furodusa da darektan

* ''Halita'' (lokaci 1/2, aukuwa 239; 2019-2021) 
* ''Dala Dala'' (2023) 

; A matsayin darektan

* ''[[Sons of the Caliphate|&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Ya'yan Khalifanci]]'' (25 aukuwa; 2016-2018) 

; A matsayin marubuci

* Fillo (2019) 

== Manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2026]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Nora Awolowo</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1378072600|Nora Awolowo]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Oreoluwa Racheal Awolowo''' (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1999), wanda aka fi sani da '''Nora Awolowo''', shi ne mai shirya fina-finai [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]], darektan, kuma mai daukar hoto.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nora Awolowo |url=https://filmfreeway.com/NoraAwolowo17 |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=filmfreeway.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 August 2021 |title=Popular Nigerian Cinematographer, Nora Shares The Best Thing A Stranger Has Done For Her |url=https://www.ghgossip.com/popular-nigerian-cinematographer-nora-shares-the-best-thing-a-stranger-has-done-for-her/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=ghgossip.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 August 2019 |title=#Symphonies: Watch The Trailer To Nora Awolowo's Short Film &quot;Symphonies&quot; |url=https://stationmag.com/trailer-to-short-film-symphonies/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924103039/https://stationmag.com/trailer-to-short-film-symphonies/ |archive-date=24 September 2024 |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=stationmag.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2019 |title=This Must Watch Documentary &quot;Life at the Bay&quot; portrays the Inspiring Survival Tales of Tarkwa Bay Women {{!}} Watch the Teaser on BN |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/02/this-must-watch-documentary-life-at-the-bay-portrays-the-inspiring-survival-tales-of-tarkwa-bay-women-watch-the-teaser-on-bn/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2025 ta zama mafi ƙanƙanta mai shirya fina-finai na Najeriya da ta kai ga matsayi na ofishin jakadancin miliyan 100 na ''[[Red Circle (fim na 2025)|Red Circle]]'', fim ɗin da ta yi aiki a matsayin furodusa da mai daukar hoto. Har ila yau, ita ce mace ta farko ta Najeriya da aka zaba don Mafi kyawun Cinematography a Afirka Magic Viewers&quot; Choice Awards (AMVCA) saboda aikinta a cikin littafin Najeriya na 2024 Lisabi: The Uprising . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-12-20 |title=These Emerging Nigerian Filmmakers are Having a Great Year - What Kept Me Up |url=https://whatkeptmeup.com/listicles/these-emerging-nigerian-filmmakers-are-having-a-great-year/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta samar da fim din mai riƙe da rikodin duniya, Black Market, wanda aka sani da riƙe rikodin ga mafi yawan mutanen da ke wurin nuna fim a lokaci guda.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Awolowo, ta girma kuma ta yi karatu a Jihar Legas, Najeriya, inda har yanzu take zaune. Ta sami digiri a fannin lissafi daga Jami'ar Jihar Ekiti a shekarar 2019. [1] A jami'a, ta haɓaka sha'awar daukar hoto kuma ta koyi ɗaukar hotuna tare da wayarta, tana samun wasu ayyukan da aka biya yayin da take dalibi. Fiye da sha'awar ba da labari, ta sauya zuwa yin fim, ta fara da yin rubuce-rubuce a bayan fage don ayyukan talabijin marasa tsari, kamar Lota Chukwu's Lota Takes . A wannan lokacin, ta kuma koya wa kanta don gyara abubuwan talabijin, ta ƙarfafa sha'awarta ga aikin fim

== Ayyuka ==
A lokacin da ta kammala karatu daga jami'a a shekarar 2019, Awolowo ta kasance tana aiki a masana'antar fina-finai na tsawon shekaru biyu. A wannan shekarar, ta kafa kamfaninta na samarwa, Rixel Studios, kuma ta fitar da shirin ta na farko, Life at the Bay, wanda ke biye da rayuwar mata da ke zaune a Tarkwa Bay. An nuna gajeren fim din a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Afirka &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 October 2019 |title=Here's the Full List of Films Selected for AFRIFF 2019 |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/10/heres-the-full-list-of-films-selected-for-afriff-2019/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya kafa tsari a cikin aikinta na farko, wanda sau da yawa ya binciki kalubalen mutum da na al'umma da 'yan Najeriya ke fuskanta, musamman mata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Native |first=The |date=2019-02-18 |title=See the women of Tarkwa Bay in trailer for new documentary, &quot;Life At The Bay&quot; |url=https://thenativemag.com/see-women-tarkwa-bay-trailer-new-documentary-life-bay/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=The NATIVE |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan shekarar ta biyo baya da Symphonies, wani ɗan gajeren fim game da wata budurwa wacce rayuwarta ta fara warwarewa a cikin ƙalubalen mutum. A cikin 2021, ta fitar da David, fim din bangaskiya game da wani saurayi da ke gab da kashe kansa. Fim din ya ci gaba da lashe kyaututtuka biyu kuma an nuna shi a bukukuwan fina-finai na kasa da kasa guda shida.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sule&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sule |first=Mariam |date=2022-04-05 |title=I Went From Taking Pictures With My Phone to Making Award Winning Films in Less Than Five Years – Nora |url=https://www.zikoko.com/her/i-went-from-taking-pictures-with-my-phone-to-making-award-winning-films-in-less-than-five-years-nora/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=Zikoko! |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=DAVID |url=https://filmfreeway.com/DAVIDshortfilm |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=filmfreeway.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 August 2019 |title=Nora Awolowo Releases Teaser For Her Documentary &quot;All Lives Matter&quot; |url=https://stationmag.com/nora-awolowo-releases-teaser-for-her-documentary-all-lives-matter/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210025509/https://stationmag.com/nora-awolowo-releases-teaser-for-her-documentary-all-lives-matter/ |archive-date=10 December 2024 |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=stationmag.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nasarar Awolowo ta zo ne tare da Baby Blues: The Trials of Childbirth (2021), wani shirin da ya nuna kalubalen matan Najeriya da ke fuskantar haihuwa da baƙin ciki bayan haihuwa. A cikin 2023, an zabi ''Baby Blues'' don Kyautattun Bayanai a Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka, tare da wani fim dinta, Najeriya: The Debut - wani shirin da Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Duniya (FIFA) ta ba da izini, wanda ya ci gaba da lashe rukunin.

A cikin 2024, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto tare da Barnabas Emordi a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Netflix, Lisabi: The Uprising, tare da duka biyun suna karɓar gabatarwa don Mafi kyawun Mai daukar hoto a Afirka Magic Viewers&quot; Choice Awards (AMVCA).

A cikin 2025, ta yi aiki a matsayin furodusa da mai daukar hoto ga mai ban tsoro ''Red Circle,'' babbar nasarar kasuwanci har zuwa yau. A cikin ƙasa da wata guda bayan da aka saki shi a watan Yuni, ya ƙetare alamar miliyan 100 a ofishin akwatin, ya kafa Awolowo a matsayin ƙaramin mai shirya fina-finai na Najeriya da ya kai wannan ma'auni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Henry |first=Uchechukwu |date=2025-07-11 |title=Nora Awolowo Sets Record as Red Circle Hits ₦100M Box Office |url=https://rexclarkeadventures.com/nora-awolowo-red-circle/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=Rex Clarke Adventures |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bambance-bambance ==
Awolowo ta kasance mai gabatarwa sau uku - a cikin 2020, 2021, da 2023 - don Kyautar Kyautar Afirka ta gaba a cikin Kyautar Fim. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 November 2020 |title=The Future Awards Africa names 2020 nominees, all under-28 + Full list |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/the-future-awards-africa-names-2020-nominees-all-under-28-full-list/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=theeagleonline.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Future Awards: Rema, DJ Cuppy, Others Nominated (Full List) |url=https://allnews.ng/news/the-future-awards-rema-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-full-list |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=allnews.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-10-03 |title=The Future Awards Africa 2023: All the nominees |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/future-awards-africa-2023-all-nominees |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=Music In Africa |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 2025 ta sami lambar yabo ta Zikoko's HERtitude don Fim. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Shekara
!Bikin bayar da kyautar
!Bayanan lambar yabo
!Ayyuka
!Sakamakon
!Ref
|-
|2020
|Kyautar nan gaba ta Afirka
|Kyautar Fim
||| {{Nom}} 
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 November 2020 |title=DJ Cuppy, Tomike Adeoye, Taaooma, Jemima Osunde Nominated For The Future Awards Africa (TFAA) 2020 (See Full List) |url=https://fabwoman.ng/tfaa-2020-nominees-list-fabwoman/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=fabwoman.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019
|25 A karkashin 25 SME Awards
|Mafi kyawun kafofin watsa labarai da Sadarwa
||| {{Won}} 
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 September 2019 |title=Meet The Winners of 2019 25under25 Awards |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/09/25under25-awards-winners/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2023
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Mafi Kyawun Bayani
|''Najeriya: Farko''|{{Won}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |url=https://dstv-fe-africamagic-prod.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/africamagic/en-ng/show/amvca/season/9/news/full-list-here-are-all-our-amvca-9-nominees/news |access-date=2023-04-23 |website=AMVCA - Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |language=en}}{{Dead link|date=February 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Baby Blues''|{{Nom}}
|-
|Kyautar nan gaba ta Afirka
|Kyautar Fim
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Shi da kansa|{{Pending}}
|
|}

== Hotunan fina-finai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
!Taken
!Matsayi
|-
|2019
|''Rayuwa a Bay''
|Daraktan
|-
|2019
|''Waƙoƙi''
|Daraktan
|-
|2021
|''Dauda''
|Mai daukar hoto
|-
|2021
|''Baby Blues''
|Daraktan
|-
|2022
|''Tsarin Abubuwa''
|Mai daukar hoto
|-
|2023
|''Maza ƙaunatattun mutane''
|Mai daukar hoto
|-
|2024
|''Menene Ka Tsoro da Gaskiya?''
|Daraktan
|-
|2024
|''[[lisabi: Tashin hankali|Lisabi]]''
|Mai daukar hoto
|-
|2025
|''[[Red Circle (fim na 2025)|Red Circle]]''
|Mai gabatarwa da Mai daukar hoto
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Yarbawa]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>969591</id>
      <parentid>969590</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T16:39:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salma Raddah</username>
        <id>45959</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>969591</origin>
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'''Or'''

{{Databox}}

'''eoluwa Racheal Awolowo''' (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1999), wanda aka fi sani da '''Nora Awolowo''', shi ne mai shirya fina-finai [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]], darektan, kuma mai daukar hoto.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nora Awolowo |url=https://filmfreeway.com/NoraAwolowo17 |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=filmfreeway.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 August 2021 |title=Popular Nigerian Cinematographer, Nora Shares The Best Thing A Stranger Has Done For Her |url=https://www.ghgossip.com/popular-nigerian-cinematographer-nora-shares-the-best-thing-a-stranger-has-done-for-her/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=ghgossip.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 August 2019 |title=#Symphonies: Watch The Trailer To Nora Awolowo's Short Film &quot;Symphonies&quot; |url=https://stationmag.com/trailer-to-short-film-symphonies/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924103039/https://stationmag.com/trailer-to-short-film-symphonies/ |archive-date=24 September 2024 |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=stationmag.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2019 |title=This Must Watch Documentary &quot;Life at the Bay&quot; portrays the Inspiring Survival Tales of Tarkwa Bay Women {{!}} Watch the Teaser on BN |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/02/this-must-watch-documentary-life-at-the-bay-portrays-the-inspiring-survival-tales-of-tarkwa-bay-women-watch-the-teaser-on-bn/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2025 ta zama mafi ƙanƙanta mai shirya fina-finai na Najeriya da ta kai ga matsayi na ofishin jakadancin miliyan 100 na ''[[Red Circle (fim na 2025)|Red Circle]]'', fim ɗin da ta yi aiki a matsayin furodusa da mai daukar hoto. Har ila yau, ita ce mace ta farko ta Najeriya da aka zaba don Mafi kyawun Cinematography a Afirka Magic Viewers&quot; Choice Awards (AMVCA) saboda aikinta a cikin littafin Najeriya na 2024 Lisabi: The Uprising . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-12-20 |title=These Emerging Nigerian Filmmakers are Having a Great Year - What Kept Me Up |url=https://whatkeptmeup.com/listicles/these-emerging-nigerian-filmmakers-are-having-a-great-year/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta samar da fim din mai riƙe da rikodin duniya, Black Market, wanda aka sani da riƙe rikodin ga mafi yawan mutanen da ke wurin nuna fim a lokaci guda.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Awolowo, ta girma kuma ta yi karatu a Jihar Legas, Najeriya, inda har yanzu take zaune. Ta sami digiri a fannin lissafi daga Jami'ar Jihar Ekiti a shekarar 2019. [1] A jami'a, ta haɓaka sha'awar daukar hoto kuma ta koyi ɗaukar hotuna tare da wayarta, tana samun wasu ayyukan da aka biya yayin da take dalibi. Fiye da sha'awar ba da labari, ta sauya zuwa yin fim, ta fara da yin rubuce-rubuce a bayan fage don ayyukan talabijin marasa tsari, kamar Lota Chukwu's Lota Takes . A wannan lokacin, ta kuma koya wa kanta don gyara abubuwan talabijin, ta ƙarfafa sha'awarta ga aikin fim

== Ayyuka ==
A lokacin da ta kammala karatu daga jami'a a shekarar 2019, Awolowo ta kasance tana aiki a masana'antar fina-finai na tsawon shekaru biyu. A wannan shekarar, ta kafa kamfaninta na samarwa, Rixel Studios, kuma ta fitar da shirin ta na farko, Life at the Bay, wanda ke biye da rayuwar mata da ke zaune a Tarkwa Bay. An nuna gajeren fim din a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Afirka &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 October 2019 |title=Here's the Full List of Films Selected for AFRIFF 2019 |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/10/heres-the-full-list-of-films-selected-for-afriff-2019/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya kafa tsari a cikin aikinta na farko, wanda sau da yawa ya binciki kalubalen mutum da na al'umma da 'yan Najeriya ke fuskanta, musamman mata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Native |first=The |date=2019-02-18 |title=See the women of Tarkwa Bay in trailer for new documentary, &quot;Life At The Bay&quot; |url=https://thenativemag.com/see-women-tarkwa-bay-trailer-new-documentary-life-bay/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=The NATIVE |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan shekarar ta biyo baya da Symphonies, wani ɗan gajeren fim game da wata budurwa wacce rayuwarta ta fara warwarewa a cikin ƙalubalen mutum. A cikin 2021, ta fitar da David, fim din bangaskiya game da wani saurayi da ke gab da kashe kansa. Fim din ya ci gaba da lashe kyaututtuka biyu kuma an nuna shi a bukukuwan fina-finai na kasa da kasa guda shida.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sule&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sule |first=Mariam |date=2022-04-05 |title=I Went From Taking Pictures With My Phone to Making Award Winning Films in Less Than Five Years – Nora |url=https://www.zikoko.com/her/i-went-from-taking-pictures-with-my-phone-to-making-award-winning-films-in-less-than-five-years-nora/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=Zikoko! |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=DAVID |url=https://filmfreeway.com/DAVIDshortfilm |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=filmfreeway.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 August 2019 |title=Nora Awolowo Releases Teaser For Her Documentary &quot;All Lives Matter&quot; |url=https://stationmag.com/nora-awolowo-releases-teaser-for-her-documentary-all-lives-matter/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210025509/https://stationmag.com/nora-awolowo-releases-teaser-for-her-documentary-all-lives-matter/ |archive-date=10 December 2024 |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=stationmag.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nasarar Awolowo ta zo ne tare da Baby Blues: The Trials of Childbirth (2021), wani shirin da ya nuna kalubalen matan Najeriya da ke fuskantar haihuwa da baƙin ciki bayan haihuwa. A cikin 2023, an zabi ''Baby Blues'' don Kyautattun Bayanai a Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka, tare da wani fim dinta, Najeriya: The Debut - wani shirin da Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Duniya (FIFA) ta ba da izini, wanda ya ci gaba da lashe rukunin.

A cikin 2024, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto tare da Barnabas Emordi a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Netflix, Lisabi: The Uprising, tare da duka biyun suna karɓar gabatarwa don Mafi kyawun Mai daukar hoto a Afirka Magic Viewers&quot; Choice Awards (AMVCA).

A cikin 2025, ta yi aiki a matsayin furodusa da mai daukar hoto ga mai ban tsoro ''Red Circle,'' babbar nasarar kasuwanci har zuwa yau. A cikin ƙasa da wata guda bayan da aka saki shi a watan Yuni, ya ƙetare alamar miliyan 100 a ofishin akwatin, ya kafa Awolowo a matsayin ƙaramin mai shirya fina-finai na Najeriya da ya kai wannan ma'auni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Henry |first=Uchechukwu |date=2025-07-11 |title=Nora Awolowo Sets Record as Red Circle Hits ₦100M Box Office |url=https://rexclarkeadventures.com/nora-awolowo-red-circle/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=Rex Clarke Adventures |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bambance-bambance ==
Awolowo ta kasance mai gabatarwa sau uku - a cikin 2020, 2021, da 2023 - don Kyautar Kyautar Afirka ta gaba a cikin Kyautar Fim. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 November 2020 |title=The Future Awards Africa names 2020 nominees, all under-28 + Full list |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/the-future-awards-africa-names-2020-nominees-all-under-28-full-list/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=theeagleonline.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Future Awards: Rema, DJ Cuppy, Others Nominated (Full List) |url=https://allnews.ng/news/the-future-awards-rema-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-full-list |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=allnews.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-10-03 |title=The Future Awards Africa 2023: All the nominees |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/future-awards-africa-2023-all-nominees |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=Music In Africa |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 2025 ta sami lambar yabo ta Zikoko's HERtitude don Fim. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Shekara
!Bikin bayar da kyautar
!Bayanan lambar yabo
!Ayyuka
!Sakamakon
!Ref
|-
|2020
|Kyautar nan gaba ta Afirka
|Kyautar Fim
||| {{Nom}} 
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 November 2020 |title=DJ Cuppy, Tomike Adeoye, Taaooma, Jemima Osunde Nominated For The Future Awards Africa (TFAA) 2020 (See Full List) |url=https://fabwoman.ng/tfaa-2020-nominees-list-fabwoman/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=fabwoman.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019
|25 A karkashin 25 SME Awards
|Mafi kyawun kafofin watsa labarai da Sadarwa
||| {{Won}} 
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 September 2019 |title=Meet The Winners of 2019 25under25 Awards |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/09/25under25-awards-winners/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2023
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Mafi Kyawun Bayani
|''Najeriya: Farko''|{{Won}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |url=https://dstv-fe-africamagic-prod.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/africamagic/en-ng/show/amvca/season/9/news/full-list-here-are-all-our-amvca-9-nominees/news |access-date=2023-04-23 |website=AMVCA - Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |language=en}}{{Dead link|date=February 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Baby Blues''|{{Nom}}
|-
|Kyautar nan gaba ta Afirka
|Kyautar Fim
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |Shi da kansa|{{Pending}}
|
|}

== Hotunan fina-finai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
!Taken
!Matsayi
|-
|2019
|''Rayuwa a Bay''
|Daraktan
|-
|2019
|''Waƙoƙi''
|Daraktan
|-
|2021
|''Dauda''
|Mai daukar hoto
|-
|2021
|''Baby Blues''
|Daraktan
|-
|2022
|''Tsarin Abubuwa''
|Mai daukar hoto
|-
|2023
|''Maza ƙaunatattun mutane''
|Mai daukar hoto
|-
|2024
|''Menene Ka Tsoro da Gaskiya?''
|Daraktan
|-
|2024
|''[[lisabi: Tashin hankali|Lisabi]]''
|Mai daukar hoto
|-
|2025
|''[[Red Circle (fim na 2025)|Red Circle]]''
|Mai gabatarwa da Mai daukar hoto
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Yarbawa]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]]</text>
      <sha1>b2g5dkb67pudasmpdlxt726dtg7k7pc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Adasa Cookey</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54110</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969655</id>
      <parentid>964882</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T18:58:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baffa ali</username>
        <id>47435</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An kirkira ta fassara &quot;Early life&quot; daga shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351893632|Adasa Cookey]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>969655</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8980" sha1="rvjyc6x19qjev8v1i5p1arucfxkycas" xml:space="preserve">Data boxe

'''Adasa Cookey''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam''' ) ƙwararriyar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|darakta]] ce a bidiyon kiɗa, mai ɗaukar hoto, daraktan kasuwanci, mai zane-zane, kuma mai shirya fina-finai.   Yana aiki da kuma ba da umarni ga Squareball Media Productions Limited inda shi ne kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na kamfanin, wanda kuma kamfani ne mai rikodin da ke ɗauke da [[1da Banton]] &amp; Eli Jae. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1981, a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, Najeriya . Ya yi yarintarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya yi makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers kuma ya sami digirin farko a fannin gine-gine. [1]

== Sana'a ==
Adasa ya bar aikinsa na wakilin kula da abokan ciniki a shekarar 2010 don ya canza sha'awarsa ta gyaran bidiyo da kuma kai tsaye. Ya ba da umarni a bidiyon waƙoƙin mawakan kamar [[Davido]], [[Burna Boy]], [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], [[Adekunle Gold]], D'Prince, da [[Don Jazzy]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2021 |title=Top 10 Video Directors In Nigeria (2021) |url=https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey |url=https://imvdb.com/n/adasa-cookey/videography-by-position/dir |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 19, 2020 |title=[Video] SIMI – &quot;Duduke&quot; (Dir. By Adasa Cookey |url=https://tooxclusive.com/video-simi-duduke-dir-by-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zaɓaɓɓen bidiyon bidiyo ==

* [[Burna Boy]] – Like To Biki (2013) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video- Like To Party By Burna Boy {{!}} Pulse Nigeria |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/new-video-like-to-party-by-burna-boy/pt7dqw9}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* D'Prince – Jakar Goody (2013)
* Ketchup - Nuna Ni Yuh Rozay (2013)
* [[Mavin Records|Mavins]] All Stars - Adaobi (2014) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trending Video: Catch the Visuals for Adaobi by the Mavins Crew {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/10/trending-video-catch-the-visuals-for-adaobi-by-the-mavins-crew/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* DJ Xclusive ft [[Davido]] – Wo Le (2015)
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Sade (2015) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AdekunleGold Releases video for his single, Sade {{!}} News Ghana |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/adekunlegold-releases-video-for-his-single-sade/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Ready (2016)
* Ric Hassani - Kai Kawai (2017)
* [[Orezi]] - Girbin Gindi (2017) 
* Idahams - Toast (2017)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Selense (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Simi's Beautiful Music Video For 'Selense' - OkayAfrica |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/simi-selense-video-watch-nigerian-music/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Ayo (2019)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Duduke (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Simi - Duduke Official Video {{!}} Download Video MP4 » TrendyBeatz |url=https://trendybeatz.com/download-video/8676/simi-duduke-official-video |access-date=2026-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425083913/https://trendybeatz.com/download-video/8676/simi-duduke-official-video |archive-date=2024-04-25 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking – Jericho (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Download Video: Simi ft. Patoranking - Jericho |url=https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bebe Cool ft Rudeboy - Feeling (2020)
* [[Runtown]] ft. Bella Shmurda, Darkovibes - Jiki Riddim (Video) (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video: Runtown feat. Darkovibes &amp; Bella Shmurda – Body Riddim {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/02/runtown-darkovibes-body-riddim/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft. [[Adekunle Gold]] – By You (2019)
* Praiz – Madu (2020)
* [[Niniola]] - Mai jaraba (2020)
* Wande Coal ft. Wale – Again (Remix) (2020)
* Wande Coal – Again (2020)
* Idahams - Dala biliyan (2019)
* Idahams -Ada (2020)
* Idahams - Shiga Idona (2020)
* Stonebwoy da [[Zlatan]] - Critical (2021) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Stonebwoy's new video for 'Critical' featuring Nigerian artist Zlatan – GRUNGECAKE |url=https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
! Aiki
! Bikin
! Nau'i
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|Nishaɗin Jama'a na Birni]]
| ''Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2016 |title=Wizkid, Tiwa Savage &amp; Olamide Lead The 2016 City People Entertainment Award Nominees |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925085402/https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |archive-date=September 25, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity
| ''Bidiyon Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 13, 2020 |title=Soundcity MVP Awards 2020: All the winners |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/soundcity-mvp-awards-2020-all-winners |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;Kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | KYAUTUTTUKAN GALAXY
| ''Daraktan Bidiyo na Shekara'' | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2019
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2019 |title=Burna Boy, 2Baba, Nadia win big at 2019 AFRIMA. See full list of winners |url=https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022233913/https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2017
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Orezi, &quot;Tukunyar Girki&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau Na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 14, 2017 |title=AFRIMA 2017: Full List Of Winners |url=https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908042408/https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}} 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Adekunle Gold]], &quot;Ka ɗauki Kiran&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Fim'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 16, 2016 |title=2016 Nigeria Music Video Awards: See the list of winners |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Edita'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 17, 2016 |title=NMVA 2016 Nominees List |url=https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' | {{Nom}}
|}

== Farkon rayuwa ==

An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1981, a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, Najeriya . Ya yi yarintarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya yi makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers kuma ya sami digirin farko a fannin gine-gine.
== Manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>rvjyc6x19qjev8v1i5p1arucfxkycas</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969656</id>
      <parentid>969655</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T18:59:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baffa ali</username>
        <id>47435</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Farkon rayuwa */</comment>
      <origin>969656</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9136" sha1="jzn91fu349df3vu40b6a31nanxxvqy2" xml:space="preserve">Data boxe

'''Adasa Cookey''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam''' ) ƙwararriyar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|darakta]] ce a bidiyon kiɗa, mai ɗaukar hoto, daraktan kasuwanci, mai zane-zane, kuma mai shirya fina-finai.   Yana aiki da kuma ba da umarni ga Squareball Media Productions Limited inda shi ne kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na kamfanin, wanda kuma kamfani ne mai rikodin da ke ɗauke da [[1da Banton]] &amp; Eli Jae. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1981, a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, Najeriya . Ya yi yarintarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya yi makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers kuma ya sami digirin farko a fannin gine-gine. [1]

== Sana'a ==
Adasa ya bar aikinsa na wakilin kula da abokan ciniki a shekarar 2010 don ya canza sha'awarsa ta gyaran bidiyo da kuma kai tsaye. Ya ba da umarni a bidiyon waƙoƙin mawakan kamar [[Davido]], [[Burna Boy]], [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], [[Adekunle Gold]], D'Prince, da [[Don Jazzy]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2021 |title=Top 10 Video Directors In Nigeria (2021) |url=https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey |url=https://imvdb.com/n/adasa-cookey/videography-by-position/dir |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 19, 2020 |title=[Video] SIMI – &quot;Duduke&quot; (Dir. By Adasa Cookey |url=https://tooxclusive.com/video-simi-duduke-dir-by-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zaɓaɓɓen bidiyon bidiyo ==

* [[Burna Boy]] – Like To Biki (2013) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video- Like To Party By Burna Boy {{!}} Pulse Nigeria |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/new-video-like-to-party-by-burna-boy/pt7dqw9}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* D'Prince – Jakar Goody (2013)
* Ketchup - Nuna Ni Yuh Rozay (2013)
* [[Mavin Records|Mavins]] All Stars - Adaobi (2014) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trending Video: Catch the Visuals for Adaobi by the Mavins Crew {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/10/trending-video-catch-the-visuals-for-adaobi-by-the-mavins-crew/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* DJ Xclusive ft [[Davido]] – Wo Le (2015)
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Sade (2015) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AdekunleGold Releases video for his single, Sade {{!}} News Ghana |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/adekunlegold-releases-video-for-his-single-sade/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Ready (2016)
* Ric Hassani - Kai Kawai (2017)
* [[Orezi]] - Girbin Gindi (2017) 
* Idahams - Toast (2017)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Selense (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Simi's Beautiful Music Video For 'Selense' - OkayAfrica |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/simi-selense-video-watch-nigerian-music/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Ayo (2019)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Duduke (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Simi - Duduke Official Video {{!}} Download Video MP4 » TrendyBeatz |url=https://trendybeatz.com/download-video/8676/simi-duduke-official-video |access-date=2026-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425083913/https://trendybeatz.com/download-video/8676/simi-duduke-official-video |archive-date=2024-04-25 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking – Jericho (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Download Video: Simi ft. Patoranking - Jericho |url=https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bebe Cool ft Rudeboy - Feeling (2020)
* [[Runtown]] ft. Bella Shmurda, Darkovibes - Jiki Riddim (Video) (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video: Runtown feat. Darkovibes &amp; Bella Shmurda – Body Riddim {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/02/runtown-darkovibes-body-riddim/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft. [[Adekunle Gold]] – By You (2019)
* Praiz – Madu (2020)
* [[Niniola]] - Mai jaraba (2020)
* Wande Coal ft. Wale – Again (Remix) (2020)
* Wande Coal – Again (2020)
* Idahams - Dala biliyan (2019)
* Idahams -Ada (2020)
* Idahams - Shiga Idona (2020)
* Stonebwoy da [[Zlatan]] - Critical (2021) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Stonebwoy's new video for 'Critical' featuring Nigerian artist Zlatan – GRUNGECAKE |url=https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
! Aiki
! Bikin
! Nau'i
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|Nishaɗin Jama'a na Birni]]
| ''Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2016 |title=Wizkid, Tiwa Savage &amp; Olamide Lead The 2016 City People Entertainment Award Nominees |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925085402/https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |archive-date=September 25, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity
| ''Bidiyon Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 13, 2020 |title=Soundcity MVP Awards 2020: All the winners |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/soundcity-mvp-awards-2020-all-winners |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;Kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | KYAUTUTTUKAN GALAXY
| ''Daraktan Bidiyo na Shekara'' | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2019
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2019 |title=Burna Boy, 2Baba, Nadia win big at 2019 AFRIMA. See full list of winners |url=https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022233913/https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2017
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Orezi, &quot;Tukunyar Girki&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau Na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 14, 2017 |title=AFRIMA 2017: Full List Of Winners |url=https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908042408/https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}} 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Adekunle Gold]], &quot;Ka ɗauki Kiran&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Fim'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 16, 2016 |title=2016 Nigeria Music Video Awards: See the list of winners |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Edita'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 17, 2016 |title=NMVA 2016 Nominees List |url=https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' | {{Nom}}
|}

== Farkon rayuwa ==

An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1981, a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, Najeriya . Ya yi yarintarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya yi makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers kuma ya sami digirin farko a fannin gine-gine.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/adasa-cookey|title=Adasa Cookey|date=September 23, 2015 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>jzn91fu349df3vu40b6a31nanxxvqy2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969657</id>
      <parentid>969656</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T19:01:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baffa ali</username>
        <id>47435</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351893632|Adasa Cookey]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>969657</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8298" sha1="mq4w0w9evl91tgi7g9q23qn81tq14ay" xml:space="preserve">
'''Adasa Cookey''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam''' ) ƙwararriyar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|darakta]] ce a bidiyon kiɗa, mai ɗaukar hoto, daraktan kasuwanci, mai zane-zane, kuma mai shirya fina-finai .    Yana aiki da kuma ba da umarni ga Squareball Media Productions Limited inda shi ne kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na kamfanin, wanda kuma kamfani ne mai rikodin da ke ɗauke da [[1da Banton]] &amp; Eli Jae. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1981, a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, Najeriya . Ya yi yarintarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya yi makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers kuma ya sami digirin farko a fannin gine-gine.

== Sana'a ==
Adasa ya bar aikinsa na wakilin kula da abokan ciniki a shekarar 2010 don ya canza sha'awarsa ta gyaran bidiyo da kuma kai tsaye. Ya ba da umarni a bidiyon waƙoƙin mawakan kamar [[Davido]], [[Burna Boy]], [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], [[Adekunle Gold]], D'Prince, da [[Don Jazzy]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2021 |title=Top 10 Video Directors In Nigeria (2021) |url=https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey |url=https://imvdb.com/n/adasa-cookey/videography-by-position/dir |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 19, 2020 |title=[Video] SIMI – &quot;Duduke&quot; (Dir. By Adasa Cookey |url=https://tooxclusive.com/video-simi-duduke-dir-by-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zaɓaɓɓen bidiyon bidiyo ==

* [[Burna Boy]] – Like To Biki (2013) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video- Like To Party By Burna Boy {{!}} Pulse Nigeria |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/new-video-like-to-party-by-burna-boy/pt7dqw9}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* D'Prince – Jakar Goody (2013)
* Ketchup - Nuna Ni Yuh Rozay (2013)
* [[Mavin Records|Mavins]] All Stars - Adaobi (2014) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trending Video: Catch the Visuals for Adaobi by the Mavins Crew {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/10/trending-video-catch-the-visuals-for-adaobi-by-the-mavins-crew/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* DJ Xclusive ft [[Davido]] – Wo Le (2015)
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Sade (2015) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AdekunleGold Releases video for his single, Sade {{!}} News Ghana |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/adekunlegold-releases-video-for-his-single-sade/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Ready (2016)
* Ric Hassani - Kai Kawai (2017)
* [[Orezi]] - Girbin Gindi (2017) 
* Idahams - Toast (2017)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Selense (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Simi's Beautiful Music Video For 'Selense' - OkayAfrica |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/simi-selense-video-watch-nigerian-music/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Ayo (2019)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Duduke (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Simi - Duduke Official Video {{!}} Download Video MP4 » TrendyBeatz |url=https://trendybeatz.com/download-video/8676/simi-duduke-official-video}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking – Jericho (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Download Video: Simi ft. Patoranking - Jericho |url=https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bebe Cool ft Rudeboy - Feeling (2020)
* [[Runtown]] ft. Bella Shmurda, Darkovibes - Jiki Riddim (Video) (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video: Runtown feat. Darkovibes &amp; Bella Shmurda – Body Riddim {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/02/runtown-darkovibes-body-riddim/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft. [[Adekunle Gold]] – By You (2019)
* Praiz – Madu (2020)
* [[Niniola]] - Mai jaraba (2020)
* Wande Coal ft. Wale – Again (Remix) (2020)
* Wande Coal – Again (2020)
* Idahams - Dala biliyan (2019)
* Idahams -Ada (2020)
* Idahams - Shiga Idona (2020)
* Stonebwoy da [[Zlatan]] - Critical (2021) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Stonebwoy's new video for 'Critical' featuring Nigerian artist Zlatan – GRUNGECAKE |url=https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
! Aiki
! Bikin
! Nau'i
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|Nishaɗin Jama'a na Birni]]
| ''Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2016 |title=Wizkid, Tiwa Savage &amp; Olamide Lead The 2016 City People Entertainment Award Nominees |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925085402/https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |archive-date=September 25, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity
| ''Bidiyon Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 13, 2020 |title=Soundcity MVP Awards 2020: All the winners |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/soundcity-mvp-awards-2020-all-winners |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;Kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | KYAUTUTTUKAN GALAXY
| ''Daraktan Bidiyo na Shekara'' | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2019
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2019 |title=Burna Boy, 2Baba, Nadia win big at 2019 AFRIMA. See full list of winners |url=https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022233913/https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2017
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Orezi, &quot;Tukunyar Girki&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau Na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 14, 2017 |title=AFRIMA 2017: Full List Of Winners |url=https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908042408/https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}} 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Adekunle Gold]], &quot;Ka ɗauki Kiran&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Fim'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 16, 2016 |title=2016 Nigeria Music Video Awards: See the list of winners |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Edita'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 17, 2016 |title=NMVA 2016 Nominees List |url=https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' | {{Nom}}
|}

== Manazarta ==

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* {{Official website|adasacookey.com}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>mq4w0w9evl91tgi7g9q23qn81tq14ay</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969659</id>
      <parentid>969657</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T19:02:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baffa ali</username>
        <id>47435</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>969659</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8465" sha1="1kbjbuc12ppnspg2u6say8adiiwh8e4" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Adasa Cookey''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam''' ) ƙwararriyar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|darakta]] ce a bidiyon kiɗa, mai ɗaukar hoto, daraktan kasuwanci, mai zane-zane, kuma mai shirya fina-finai .    Yana aiki da kuma ba da umarni ga Squareball Media Productions Limited inda shi ne kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na kamfanin, wanda kuma kamfani ne mai rikodin da ke ɗauke da [[1da Banton]] &amp; Eli Jae. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1981, a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, Najeriya . Ya yi yarintarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya yi makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers kuma ya sami digirin farko a fannin gine-gine.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/adasa-cookey|title=Adasa Cookey|date=September 23, 2015 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;


== Sana'a ==
Adasa ya bar aikinsa na wakilin kula da abokan ciniki a shekarar 2010 don ya canza sha'awarsa ta gyaran bidiyo da kuma kai tsaye. Ya ba da umarni a bidiyon waƙoƙin mawakan kamar [[Davido]], [[Burna Boy]], [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], [[Adekunle Gold]], D'Prince, da [[Don Jazzy]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2021 |title=Top 10 Video Directors In Nigeria (2021) |url=https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey |url=https://imvdb.com/n/adasa-cookey/videography-by-position/dir |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 19, 2020 |title=[Video] SIMI – &quot;Duduke&quot; (Dir. By Adasa Cookey |url=https://tooxclusive.com/video-simi-duduke-dir-by-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zaɓaɓɓen bidiyon bidiyo ==

* [[Burna Boy]] – Like To Biki (2013) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video- Like To Party By Burna Boy {{!}} Pulse Nigeria |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/new-video-like-to-party-by-burna-boy/pt7dqw9}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* D'Prince – Jakar Goody (2013)
* Ketchup - Nuna Ni Yuh Rozay (2013)
* [[Mavin Records|Mavins]] All Stars - Adaobi (2014) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trending Video: Catch the Visuals for Adaobi by the Mavins Crew {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/10/trending-video-catch-the-visuals-for-adaobi-by-the-mavins-crew/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* DJ Xclusive ft [[Davido]] – Wo Le (2015)
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Sade (2015) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AdekunleGold Releases video for his single, Sade {{!}} News Ghana |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/adekunlegold-releases-video-for-his-single-sade/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Ready (2016)
* Ric Hassani - Kai Kawai (2017)
* [[Orezi]] - Girbin Gindi (2017) 
* Idahams - Toast (2017)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Selense (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Simi's Beautiful Music Video For 'Selense' - OkayAfrica |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/simi-selense-video-watch-nigerian-music/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Ayo (2019)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Duduke (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Simi - Duduke Official Video {{!}} Download Video MP4 » TrendyBeatz |url=https://trendybeatz.com/download-video/8676/simi-duduke-official-video}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking – Jericho (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Download Video: Simi ft. Patoranking - Jericho |url=https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bebe Cool ft Rudeboy - Feeling (2020)
* [[Runtown]] ft. Bella Shmurda, Darkovibes - Jiki Riddim (Video) (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video: Runtown feat. Darkovibes &amp; Bella Shmurda – Body Riddim {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/02/runtown-darkovibes-body-riddim/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft. [[Adekunle Gold]] – By You (2019)
* Praiz – Madu (2020)
* [[Niniola]] - Mai jaraba (2020)
* Wande Coal ft. Wale – Again (Remix) (2020)
* Wande Coal – Again (2020)
* Idahams - Dala biliyan (2019)
* Idahams -Ada (2020)
* Idahams - Shiga Idona (2020)
* Stonebwoy da [[Zlatan]] - Critical (2021) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Stonebwoy's new video for 'Critical' featuring Nigerian artist Zlatan – GRUNGECAKE |url=https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
! Aiki
! Bikin
! Nau'i
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|Nishaɗin Jama'a na Birni]]
| ''Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2016 |title=Wizkid, Tiwa Savage &amp; Olamide Lead The 2016 City People Entertainment Award Nominees |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925085402/https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |archive-date=September 25, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity
| ''Bidiyon Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 13, 2020 |title=Soundcity MVP Awards 2020: All the winners |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/soundcity-mvp-awards-2020-all-winners |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;Kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | KYAUTUTTUKAN GALAXY
| ''Daraktan Bidiyo na Shekara'' | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2019
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2019 |title=Burna Boy, 2Baba, Nadia win big at 2019 AFRIMA. See full list of winners |url=https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022233913/https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2017
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Orezi, &quot;Tukunyar Girki&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau Na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 14, 2017 |title=AFRIMA 2017: Full List Of Winners |url=https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908042408/https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}} 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Adekunle Gold]], &quot;Ka ɗauki Kiran&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Fim'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 16, 2016 |title=2016 Nigeria Music Video Awards: See the list of winners |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Edita'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 17, 2016 |title=NMVA 2016 Nominees List |url=https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' | {{Nom}}
|}

== Manazarta ==

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* {{Official website|adasacookey.com}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>1kbjbuc12ppnspg2u6say8adiiwh8e4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969828</id>
      <parentid>969659</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:47:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rayuwar farko */</comment>
      <origin>969828</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8470" sha1="o25vgenww9y1qj7nrzakhnrv2gxk2yx" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Adasa Cookey''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam''' ) ƙwararriyar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|darakta]] ce a bidiyon kiɗa, mai ɗaukar hoto, daraktan kasuwanci, mai zane-zane, kuma mai shirya fina-finai .    Yana aiki da kuma ba da umarni ga Squareball Media Productions Limited inda shi ne kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na kamfanin, wanda kuma kamfani ne mai rikodin da ke ɗauke da [[1da Banton]] &amp; Eli Jae. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga watan Oktoba, 1981, a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, Najeriya . Ya yi yarintarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya yi makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers kuma ya sami digirin farko a fannin gine-gine.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/adasa-cookey|title=Adasa Cookey|date=September 23, 2015 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Adasa ya bar aikinsa na wakilin kula da abokan ciniki a shekarar 2010 don ya canza sha'awarsa ta gyaran bidiyo da kuma kai tsaye. Ya ba da umarni a bidiyon waƙoƙin mawakan kamar [[Davido]], [[Burna Boy]], [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], [[Adekunle Gold]], D'Prince, da [[Don Jazzy]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2021 |title=Top 10 Video Directors In Nigeria (2021) |url=https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey |url=https://imvdb.com/n/adasa-cookey/videography-by-position/dir |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 19, 2020 |title=[Video] SIMI – &quot;Duduke&quot; (Dir. By Adasa Cookey |url=https://tooxclusive.com/video-simi-duduke-dir-by-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zaɓaɓɓen bidiyon bidiyo ==

* [[Burna Boy]] – Like To Biki (2013) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video- Like To Party By Burna Boy {{!}} Pulse Nigeria |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/new-video-like-to-party-by-burna-boy/pt7dqw9}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* D'Prince – Jakar Goody (2013)
* Ketchup - Nuna Ni Yuh Rozay (2013)
* [[Mavin Records|Mavins]] All Stars - Adaobi (2014) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trending Video: Catch the Visuals for Adaobi by the Mavins Crew {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/10/trending-video-catch-the-visuals-for-adaobi-by-the-mavins-crew/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* DJ Xclusive ft [[Davido]] – Wo Le (2015)
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Sade (2015) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AdekunleGold Releases video for his single, Sade {{!}} News Ghana |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/adekunlegold-releases-video-for-his-single-sade/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Ready (2016)
* Ric Hassani - Kai Kawai (2017)
* [[Orezi]] - Girbin Gindi (2017) 
* Idahams - Toast (2017)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Selense (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Simi's Beautiful Music Video For 'Selense' - OkayAfrica |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/simi-selense-video-watch-nigerian-music/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Ayo (2019)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Duduke (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Simi - Duduke Official Video {{!}} Download Video MP4 » TrendyBeatz |url=https://trendybeatz.com/download-video/8676/simi-duduke-official-video}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking – Jericho (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Download Video: Simi ft. Patoranking - Jericho |url=https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bebe Cool ft Rudeboy - Feeling (2020)
* [[Runtown]] ft. Bella Shmurda, Darkovibes - Jiki Riddim (Video) (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video: Runtown feat. Darkovibes &amp; Bella Shmurda – Body Riddim {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/02/runtown-darkovibes-body-riddim/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft. [[Adekunle Gold]] – By You (2019)
* Praiz – Madu (2020)
* [[Niniola]] - Mai jaraba (2020)
* Wande Coal ft. Wale – Again (Remix) (2020)
* Wande Coal – Again (2020)
* Idahams - Dala biliyan (2019)
* Idahams -Ada (2020)
* Idahams - Shiga Idona (2020)
* Stonebwoy da [[Zlatan]] - Critical (2021) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Stonebwoy's new video for 'Critical' featuring Nigerian artist Zlatan – GRUNGECAKE |url=https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
! Aiki
! Bikin
! Nau'i
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|Nishaɗin Jama'a na Birni]]
| ''Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2016 |title=Wizkid, Tiwa Savage &amp; Olamide Lead The 2016 City People Entertainment Award Nominees |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925085402/https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |archive-date=September 25, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity
| ''Bidiyon Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 13, 2020 |title=Soundcity MVP Awards 2020: All the winners |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/soundcity-mvp-awards-2020-all-winners |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;Kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | KYAUTUTTUKAN GALAXY
| ''Daraktan Bidiyo na Shekara'' | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2019
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2019 |title=Burna Boy, 2Baba, Nadia win big at 2019 AFRIMA. See full list of winners |url=https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022233913/https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2017
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Orezi, &quot;Tukunyar Girki&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau Na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 14, 2017 |title=AFRIMA 2017: Full List Of Winners |url=https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908042408/https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}} 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Adekunle Gold]], &quot;Ka ɗauki Kiran&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Fim'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 16, 2016 |title=2016 Nigeria Music Video Awards: See the list of winners |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Edita'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 17, 2016 |title=NMVA 2016 Nominees List |url=https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' | {{Nom}}
|}

== Manazarta ==

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* {{Official website|adasacookey.com}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>o25vgenww9y1qj7nrzakhnrv2gxk2yx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969829</id>
      <parentid>969828</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:48:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rayuwar farko */</comment>
      <origin>969829</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8488" sha1="21gte0g666jcay8e6pq9k00cacvop0o" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Adasa Cookey''' (an haife ta a matsayin '''Adasa Rawlinson Cookeygam''' ) ƙwararriyar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|darakta]] ce a bidiyon kiɗa, mai ɗaukar hoto, daraktan kasuwanci, mai zane-zane, kuma mai shirya fina-finai .    Yana aiki da kuma ba da umarni ga Squareball Media Productions Limited inda shi ne kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na kamfanin, wanda kuma kamfani ne mai rikodin da ke ɗauke da [[1da Banton]] &amp; Eli Jae. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2020 |title=ADASA COOKEY |url=https://www.maff.tv/credit/adasa-cookey |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Adasa a ranar 21 ga watan Oktoba, a shekara ta alif 1981, a Port Harcourt, Jihar Rivers, Najeriya . Ya yi yarintarsa a Port Harcourt, inda ya yi makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Bereton da Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya. Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Rivers kuma ya sami digirin farko a fannin gine-gine.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/adasa-cookey|title=Adasa Cookey|date=September 23, 2015 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Adasa ya bar aikinsa na wakilin kula da abokan ciniki a shekarar 2010 don ya canza sha'awarsa ta gyaran bidiyo da kuma kai tsaye. Ya ba da umarni a bidiyon waƙoƙin mawakan kamar [[Davido]], [[Burna Boy]], [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], [[Adekunle Gold]], D'Prince, da [[Don Jazzy]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2021 |title=Top 10 Video Directors In Nigeria (2021) |url=https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://infobusstop.com/top-10-video-directors-in-nigeria-2021/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2020 |title=Adasa Cookey |url=https://imvdb.com/n/adasa-cookey/videography-by-position/dir |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 19, 2020 |title=[Video] SIMI – &quot;Duduke&quot; (Dir. By Adasa Cookey |url=https://tooxclusive.com/video-simi-duduke-dir-by-adasa-cookey/ |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zaɓaɓɓen bidiyon bidiyo ==

* [[Burna Boy]] – Like To Biki (2013) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video- Like To Party By Burna Boy {{!}} Pulse Nigeria |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/new-video-like-to-party-by-burna-boy/pt7dqw9}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* D'Prince – Jakar Goody (2013)
* Ketchup - Nuna Ni Yuh Rozay (2013)
* [[Mavin Records|Mavins]] All Stars - Adaobi (2014) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trending Video: Catch the Visuals for Adaobi by the Mavins Crew {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/10/trending-video-catch-the-visuals-for-adaobi-by-the-mavins-crew/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* DJ Xclusive ft [[Davido]] – Wo Le (2015)
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Sade (2015) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AdekunleGold Releases video for his single, Sade {{!}} News Ghana |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/adekunlegold-releases-video-for-his-single-sade/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Adekunle Gold]] - Ready (2016)
* Ric Hassani - Kai Kawai (2017)
* [[Orezi]] - Girbin Gindi (2017) 
* Idahams - Toast (2017)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Selense (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Simi's Beautiful Music Video For 'Selense' - OkayAfrica |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/simi-selense-video-watch-nigerian-music/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Ayo (2019)
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] – Duduke (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Simi - Duduke Official Video {{!}} Download Video MP4 » TrendyBeatz |url=https://trendybeatz.com/download-video/8676/simi-duduke-official-video}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking – Jericho (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Download Video: Simi ft. Patoranking - Jericho |url=https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://natirovibe.com/video-mp4/simi-patoranking-jericho/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bebe Cool ft Rudeboy - Feeling (2020)
* [[Runtown]] ft. Bella Shmurda, Darkovibes - Jiki Riddim (Video) (2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Video: Runtown feat. Darkovibes &amp; Bella Shmurda – Body Riddim {{!}} BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/02/runtown-darkovibes-body-riddim/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft. [[Adekunle Gold]] – By You (2019)
* Praiz – Madu (2020)
* [[Niniola]] - Mai jaraba (2020)
* Wande Coal ft. Wale – Again (Remix) (2020)
* Wande Coal – Again (2020)
* Idahams - Dala biliyan (2019)
* Idahams -Ada (2020)
* Idahams - Shiga Idona (2020)
* Stonebwoy da [[Zlatan]] - Critical (2021) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Stonebwoy's new video for 'Critical' featuring Nigerian artist Zlatan – GRUNGECAKE |url=https://grungecake.com/stonebwoy-critical-zlatan/articles/77850}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
! Aiki
! Bikin
! Nau'i
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|Nishaɗin Jama'a na Birni]]
| ''Mafi kyawun Daraktan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2016 |title=Wizkid, Tiwa Savage &amp; Olamide Lead The 2016 City People Entertainment Award Nominees |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925085402/https://jaguda.com/music-news/wizkid-tiwa-savage-olamide-lead-the-2016-city-people-entertainment-award-nominees/ |archive-date=September 25, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Bikin Kyaututtukan MVP na Soundcity
| ''Bidiyon Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 13, 2020 |title=Soundcity MVP Awards 2020: All the winners |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/soundcity-mvp-awards-2020-all-winners |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2020
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | &quot;Kansa&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | KYAUTUTTUKAN GALAXY
| ''Daraktan Bidiyo na Shekara'' | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2019
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] ft Patoranking &quot;Jericho&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2019 |title=Burna Boy, 2Baba, Nadia win big at 2019 AFRIMA. See full list of winners |url=https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022233913/https://newscentral.africa/2019/11/25/full-list-winners-2019-afrima-awards/ |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2017
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Orezi, &quot;Tukunyar Girki&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyautar AFRIMA
| ''Bidiyon Afirka Mafi Kyau Na Shekara'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 14, 2017 |title=AFRIMA 2017: Full List Of Winners |url=https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908042408/https://silverbirdtv.com/entertainment/38535/afrima-2017-full-list-of-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}} 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | [[Adekunle Gold]], &quot;Ka ɗauki Kiran&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Fim'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 16, 2016 |title=2016 Nigeria Music Video Awards: See the list of winners |url=https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160216/https://jaguda.com/music-news/2016-nigeria-music-video-awards-see-list-winners/ |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Edita'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 17, 2016 |title=NMVA 2016 Nominees List |url=https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908160217/https://acceleratetv.com/wip/?p=22764 |archive-date=September 8, 2021 |access-date=September 8, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; | {{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | 2016
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Ranti, &quot;Iwe Ki Ko&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; | Kyaututtukan Bidiyon Kiɗa na Najeriya
| ''Mafi kyawun Darakta'' | {{Nom}}
|}

== Manazarta ==

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* {{Official website|adasacookey.com}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>21gte0g666jcay8e6pq9k00cacvop0o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dolapo Adeleke</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54111</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969791</id>
      <parentid>969375</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T10:43:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>13371</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>969791</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8515" sha1="lg19ek528jac8me1z504sqt1fxhxrj8" xml:space="preserve">
'''Dolapo Adeleke''' ((listenⓘ)) (an haife shi 6 Satumba 1990), wanda aka fi sani da '''LowlaDee''', ɗan fim ne daga Najeriya . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dolapo 'Lowladee' Adeleke |url=https://gidiboxoffice.com/authors/dolapo-adeleke |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523073626/https://gidiboxoffice.com/authors/dolapo-adeleke |archive-date=2022-05-23 |access-date=2022-07-18 |website=gidiboxoffice.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi ==
{{Databox}}
An haife shi a ranar 6 ga Satumba, 1990, a [[Kano (jiha)|Jihar Kano]] Najeriya, Adeleke ya fara rubutu tun yana ƙarami, yana buga littattafai biyu kafin jami'a.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sinmisola |first=Yusuf |title=WCW OF THE WEEK – DOLAPO ADELEKE |url=http://threshwoman.com/2016/07/wcw-of-the-week-dolapo-adeleke/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180730170556/http://threshwoman.com/2016/07/wcw-of-the-week-dolapo-adeleke/ |archive-date=2018-07-30 |access-date=2017-03-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Adeleke ta sami karatun sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Dansol, [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] . Ta kammala karatu tare da aji na biyu a cikin Mass Communication daga [[Jami'ar Covenant University|Jami'ar Alkawari]] a shekara ta 2011. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Aluwong |first=Jeremiah |date=2022-02-23 |title=Women You Should Know: Dolapo Adeleke |url=https://articles.connectnigeria.com/women-you-should-know-dolapo-adeleke/ |access-date=2026-06-06 |website=Connectnigeria Articles |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
A wata hira da Busayo Adekoya na ThisDay Newspaper, ta bayyana cewa ta fara jagorantar fina-finai tana da shekaru 21.[1][2] A shekara ta 2012, an haɗa ta a cikin jerin Vanguard na matasa 'yan Najeriya da ke da tasiri sosai, kuma an lura da cewa ta lashe kyautar marubucin matasa mafi kyau na shekara ta Angles Magazine don rubuta Flesh and Blood da The Little White Hen .

Tare da fitowar gajeren fim dinta mai suna Brave, tare da [[Adesua Etomi]] da Wole Ojo, an zabi ta a karkashin mafi kyawun darektan fina-finai na Nigerian Entertainment Awards (NEA 2015). Fim din ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Best Short Film a Best Of Nollywood Awards kuma an zabi shi a cikin rukuni biyu a manyan African Magic Viewers Choice Awards (AMVCA) don Mafi kyawun gajeren fim da Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Drama. A shekara ta 2015, ta ci gaba da samar da fim din talabijin na farko da aka yaba da shi A Place Called Happy wanda ya haɗu da 'yan wasan Najeriya da Ghana.

A cikin 2016, ta fitar da ta farko da aka yaba da ita sosai Mini Series This Is It a kan YouTube Platform da ta haɗu da Najeriya da Kenya. Nan take ya sami shahara tare da tara ra'ayoyi sama da miliyan 8 gaba ɗaya. An ƙaddamar da jerin a cikin tashoshin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin daban-daban a duk faɗin Afirka kuma sun ci gaba da lashe Kyautar Talabijin mafi kyau a Afirka Magic Viewers Choice Awards (AMVCA) 2018. LowlaDee ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni kuma ya gyara abubuwan 20 yayin aiki a matsayin Show Runner.

A cikin 2016, an kuma zabi LowlaDee don EbonyLifeTV Sisterhood Awards Africa don 'Darakta na Fim na Shekara' don nasararta tare da Mini Series, 'Wannan Shi ne'. A cikin 2017, an zabi ta don babbar 'Future Awards Africa' don kyautar New Media kuma a watan Maris na 2018 an jera ta a matsayin '100 Mafi Kyawun Mata na Afirka a Najeriya'.

LowlaDee ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni kuma ya gyara fim din din Valentine's Day na minti 60, PLAN B, labarin Kenya-Nijeriya wanda ya zama abin mamaki nan take, yana samun ra'ayoyi sama da miliyan ɗaya a cikin makonni biyu na farko ba tare da talla ba. Fim din ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fim na Gabashin Afirka a Afirka Magic Viewers Choice Awards 2019.

A halin yanzu tana gudanar da LowlaDee Productions Co. (tsohon Doreen Media) da shuffles tsakanin Legas Najeriya da Nairobi Kenya. 

== Hotunan fina-finai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; |Shekara
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; |Fim din
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; |Bayani
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2013
|''Ka kasance Baƙona''{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2026}}
|''gajeren fim''
|-
|''Kira'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Iykon |first=Tolu |date=June 17, 2013 |title=FAB Film: Watch The Call by Lowladee |url=http://fabmagazineonline.com/fab-film-watch-the-call-by-lowladee-celebrating-fathers-day/ |website=FabMagazine.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|''gajeren fim''
tauraruwar Eldee, Paul Utomi da [[Adesua Etomi]]
|-
|2014
|''[[Brave (fim na 2014)|Mai Ƙarfi]]''
|''gajeren fim''
tauraruwar [[Adesua Etomi]]
|-
|2015
|''Wurin da ake kira Farin Ciki''
|''Fim din Talabijin''
[[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] da [[Kiki Omeili]]
|-
|2016
|''[[This Is It|Wannan Shi ne]]''
|''Jerin yanar gizo / Talabijin''
Nick Mutuma da [[Chy Nwakanma]] sun fito
|-
|2017
|''An ɗaure shi'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Aniemeka |first=Chuka |date=January 18, 2017 |title=Entangled: Lowladee Is Working On A New Romantic Comedy TV Series |url=http://www.onlinenigeria.com/news/general/112130-entangled-lowladee-is-working-on-a-new-romantic-comedy-tv-series.html |website=OnlineNigeria.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|''Fim din Talabijin''
tauraruwar [[Mawuli Gavor]], [[Ini Dima-Okojie|Ini-dima Okojie]]
|-
|2019
|[[Plan B (2019 fim)|Shirin B]]
|''Fim na yanar gizo / Talabijin''
[[Sarah Hassan]], [[Catherine Kamau|Catherine Karanja]] da [[Daniel Etim Effiong]] ne suka fito.
|-
|2020
|A cikin Lokaci
|Fim mai ban sha'awa
Tauraruwar Sarah Hassan, Mawuli Gavor, Stycie Waweru, Pierra Kenna

kuma yana da firaministansa a kan Netflix Worldwide .
|-
|}

== Kyaututtuka ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;
!Shekara
!Kyautar
!Sashe
!Fim din
!Sakamakon
!Ref
|-
|2014
|[[2014 Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood|Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood]]
|Mafi kyawun gajeren fim
|''[[Brave (fim na 2014)|Mai Ƙarfi]]''| {{Won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=admin |date=October 27, 2014 |title=BON AWARDS 2014: Authentic Winners List |url=http://encomium.ng/bon-awards-2014-authentic-winners-list/ |website=Encomium Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2015
|[[Kyautar Nishaɗi ta Najeriya ta 2015|Kyautar Nishaɗi ta Najeriya]]
|Darakta Mafi Kyawu
|''Mai Ƙarfi''| {{Nom}}
|
|-
|[[2015 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu kallo na sihiri na Afirka]]
|Mafi kyawun gajeren fim
|''Mai Ƙarfi''| {{Nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Izuzu |first=Chidumga |year=2014 |title=Rita Dominic, 'October 1', '30 Days in Atlanta', get nominations |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/amvca-2015-nominees-rita-dominic-october-1-30-days-in-atlanta-get-nominations-id3340339.html |website=Pulse.ng |access-date=2026-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517061209/http://pulse.ng/movies/amvca-2015-nominees-rita-dominic-october-1-30-days-in-atlanta-get-nominations-id3340339.html |archive-date=2017-05-17 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2016
|EbonyLife Sisterhood Awards Afirka
|Daraktan Fim na Shekara
|''[[This Is It|Wannan Shi ne]]''| {{Nom}} 
|
|-
|-
|2018
|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu kallo na sihiri na Afirka
|Mafi kyawun Shirye-shiryen Talabijin
|Wannan shi ne| {{Won}}
|
|-
|2019
|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu kallo na sihiri na Afirka
|Mafi kyawun Fim na Gabashin Afirka
|Shirin B|{{Won}}
|
|-
|2021
|Kyautar Fim da Talabijin ta Kasa da Kasa ta Kalasha
|Fim mafi Kyau
|''A cikin Lokaci''|{{Won}}
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2022
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[2022 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]]
|Editan Hoton Mafi Kyawu
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |''A cikin Lokaci''|{{Pending}}
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |
|-
|Mafi kyawun fim na Gabashin Afirka|{{Pending}}
|-
|Mafi kyawun Fim|{{Pending}}
|}

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
A lokacin da take da shekaru 16, a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta 2007, a kan hanyar samun wasu takardu daga makaranta, bayan samun shiga [[Jami'ar Covenant University|Jami'ar Alkawari]], Adeleke ta shiga cikin hadarin gazawar birki wanda ya haifar da tiyata da yawa da alamomi a goshinta. Wannan ya haifar da sa hannu / gashin gashi. A cewarta, ba kawai salon gashi ba ne amma yana ba ta damar tashi sama da rauni da tasirin tasirin sauya rayuwa. A wani sakon Instagram, LowlaDee ta bayyana cewa ta taba fama da baƙin ciki amma kallon mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin na Amurka da Indiya da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na Mindy Kaling, The Mindy Project, ya ba ta farin ciki kuma ya farka da wani bangare mai ban sha'awa. Wannan haɗin ya haifar da jerin yanar gizo na Romcom masu nasara sosai&quot;Wannan shi ne. &quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya]]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1990]]</text>
      <sha1>lg19ek528jac8me1z504sqt1fxhxrj8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Niji Akanni</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54121</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969616</id>
      <parentid>914703</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T17:38:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baffa ali</username>
        <id>47435</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An kirkira ta fassara &quot;Career&quot; daga shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1370863692|Niji Akanni]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>969616</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="19501" sha1="jost6i3bp4e5qz1wvnpqhuza7x8lbwh" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

'''Niji Akanni''' Listenⓘ ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, marubuci, darektan, furodusa kuma Mai shirya fim.

== Ilimi ==
Akanni ya sami digiri na farko a fannin wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] da kuma digiri na biyu a Nazarin Fim daga Jami'an Ibadan da kuma digiri mai zurfi (MFA) a rubuce-rubuce da Gudanar da Fim daga Cibiyar Fim da Talabijin ta Indiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni: Solid Intelligent Filmmaker, Hardly known... |url=http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413105405/http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=naijarules.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
Ya rubuta, ya rubuta tare kuma ya ba da umarni ga wasu sanannun fina-finai na Najeriya da kuma shirye-shiryen gaskiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayin daya daga cikin gabatarwar wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a Gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta 2012 a London, ya jagoranci The Lion and the Jewel, wasan da marubucin Najeriya, Farfesa [[Wole Soyinka]] ya fara yi a shekarar 1959.
A shekara ta 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta na kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya.

A shekara ta 2006, ya kasance Darakta na Abun ciki a kan Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar da ya rubuta, The Narrow Path, fim din minti 95 wanda Mainframe Films da Television Productions suka samar kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim din, wanda ya nuna [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe]] an daidaita shi daga The Virgin, littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] . 
A shekara ta 2008, ya ba da umarnin ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin ma'auni na Super-16mm, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya samar a kan aikin MNET na New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fim a Bikin Fim na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Kyautattun Kayan Kayan Kudancin Aikin Kudancin Afirka na 6 da aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland a [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa hukunci mafi Kyawun Fimi a 2010 TERRACOTA Awards a Legas, Najeriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarnin [[Aramotu]], fim din wasan kwaikwayo na dijital na Najeriya wanda tauraron [[Gabriel Afolayan]] ya fito. Fim din ya sami gabatarwa 7 a 7th Africa Movie Academy Awards kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka don [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]] da Mafi kyawun Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawan. &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Har ila yau, ya fito ne a matsayin Fim mafi Kyawu a [[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka]], wanda aka gudanar a [[Kalaba|Calabar]] a watan Mayu 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Aramotu]] ta nuna a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a duk faɗin duniya, gami da bikin fina-fukkuna na mata na Samsung na 2012 (SWIFF) a [[Chennai]], [[Indiya]]; bikin fina-fukki na Afirka na 2012 A cikin Hoton (AITP), [[Amsterdam]]; 2013 Arusha African International Film Festival (AIFF), [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]]; da kuma 2013 International Film Festival of [[Kerala]] (IFFK), Indiya.

Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarnin Heroes and Zeros, fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda taurari [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel|Bimbo Manual]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da Olu Jacobs suka nuna.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan &amp; Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes &amp; Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;
An fitar da fim din a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Fim din ya lashe lambar yabo ta Mafi Kyawun Fim da Zaɓin Masu sauraro a 2013 EKO International Film Festival kuma ya yi gasa a cikin rukunin fina-finai na dijital na 2013 Pan African Film and Television Festival, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace shi zuwa bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 2013 na Kerala, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna shi a bikin fina-fukkin Afrikamera na 2014 a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]]. Ya sami gabatarwa 6 a 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka don Mafi Kyawun Editawa, Mafi kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Darakta  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hotunan fina-finai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Taken
!Rubuce-rubuce
!Jagora
!An samar da shi
!Shekara
|-
|''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanyar Ƙananan]]''
|[[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni
|[[Tunde Kelani]]
|[[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Mainframe fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin]]
|2006
|
|-
|''Abobaku''
|[[Femi Odugbemi]]
|Niji Akanni
|Femi Odugbemi
|2008
|
|-
|''[[Aramotu]]''
|Niji Akanni
|Niji Akanni
|Yinka Kolapo
|2010
|
|-
|[[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Zeros]]
|Niji Akanni
|Niji Akanni
|Christopher Jeyibo
|2012
|
|-
|}

== Godiya gaisuwa ==
Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna kyaututtuka da gabatarwa da Niji Akanji da fina-finai suka samu.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|+Jerin manyan kyaututtuka
!Kyautar
!Sashe
!Masu karɓa da waɗanda aka zaba
!Sakamakon
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Yoruba Movie Academy (3rd Yoruba Film Academy Awards) &lt;br /&gt;
|Mafi kyawun Fim na Al'adu
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
|Nasarar da aka samu a cikin Gudanarwa
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
|Hoton da ya fi dacewa
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] (7th Africa Movie Academy Awards) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2011 |title=AMAA Nominations 2011 |url=http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302124149/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |website=Africa Film Academy |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
|[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim mafi kyau]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawun]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim mafi kyau a cikin harshen Afirka]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka|Mafi kyawun Tasirin Bayani]]
|| {{Nom}}
|-
|[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawa|Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawar]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] (9th Africa Movie Academy Awards) &lt;br /&gt;
|-
|[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Fim|Mafi kyawun Fim]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
|[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawu]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
|[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Sauti|Sauti Mafi Kyawu]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|}

== Dubi kuma ==

* [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya]]

== Aiki ==

Ya rubuta, ya haɗa kai da kuma shirya wasu fitattun fina-finai da shirye-shiryen gaskiya na Najeriya. &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot; /&gt;

A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta 2012 da aka yi a Landan, ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo mai suna The Lion and the Jewel, wani wasan kwaikwayo na marubuci ɗan Najeriya, Farfesa Wole Soyinka wanda aka fara yi a shekarar 1959.  A shekarar 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta a kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya.

A shekara ta 2006, ya zama Daraktan Abubuwan da ke cikin shirin Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar ne ya yi aiki tare da rubuta fim ɗin ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|The Narrow Path]]'', fim mai tsawon mintuna 95 wanda [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions]] suka shirya kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim ɗin, wanda ya ƙunshi [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe|Khabirat Kafidipe,]] an ɗauko shi ne daga ''littafin The Virgin'', wani littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] .  A shekarar 2008, ya ba da umarni ga ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin fim ɗin Super-16mm gauge, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya shirya a kan aikin MNET's New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da kyautar Fim Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Mafi Kyawun Kayan Sawa a Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka na 6 wanda aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland da ke [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa kambun Mafi Kyawun Fim Mai Kyau a Bikin Fim na TERRACOTA na 2010 a Legas, Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni [[Aramotu]], wani fim na dijital na Najeriya wanda [[Gabriel Afolayan]] ya fito a ciki. Fim ɗin ya sami zaɓe sau 7 a bikin bayar da [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|kyaututtuka na 7 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ya lashe kyaututtukan [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|mafi kyawun fina-finan Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun zane na sutura . &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haka kuma ya fito a matsayin Fim Mafi Kyau a [[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya na Afirka]], wanda aka gudanar a [[Kalaba|Calabar]] a watan Mayu na 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna [[Aramotu]] a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a faɗin duniya, ciki har da bikin fina-finan mata na duniya na Samsung (SWIFF) na 2012 a [[Chennai]], [[Indiya]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka In The Picture (AITP) na 2012, [[Amsterdam]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka na duniya na Arusha (AIFF), [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] ; da kuma bikin fina-finan duniya na [[Kerala]] (IFFK) na 2013, Indiya.

Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ''[[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Heroes and Zeros]]'', wani fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda ya hada da [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da [[Olu Jacobs]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan &amp; Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes &amp; Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fitar da fim ɗin a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara nuna shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fim ɗin ya lashe kyautar Fina-finai da Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Sauraro Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na EKO na 2013 kuma ya fafata a ɓangaren fina-finan dijital na Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Pan African na 2013, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace ta zuwa bikin fina-finai na duniya na Kerala na 2013, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna ta a bikin fina-finan Afrikamera na 2014 da aka yi a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]] . Ta sami zaɓe 6 a bikin [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|bayar da kyaututtuka na 9 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ta lashe kyaututtukan mafi kyawun edita, mafi kyawun fim ɗin kwaikwayo da kuma mafi kyawun darakta &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== Fina-finai ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Lakabi
! An rubuta
! An shirya
! An samar
! Shekara
|-
| ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanya Mai Ƙuntata]]''
| [[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni
| [[Tunde Kelani]]
| [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Fina-finai da Shirye-shiryen Talabijin na Mainframe]]
| 2006
|
|-
| ''Abobaku''
| [[Femi Odugbemi]]
| Niji Akanni
| Femi Odugbemi
| 2008
|
|-
| ''[[Aramotu]]''
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Yinka Kolapo
| 2010
|
|-
| [[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Sifili]]
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Christopher Jeyibo
| 2012
|
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]]</text>
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        <id>47435</id>
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'''Niji Akanni''' Listenⓘ ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, marubuci, darektan, furodusa kuma Mai shirya fim.

== Ilimi ==
Akanni ya sami digiri na farko a fannin wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] da kuma digiri na biyu a Nazarin Fim daga Jami'an Ibadan da kuma digiri mai zurfi (MFA) a rubuce-rubuce da Gudanar da Fim daga Cibiyar Fim da Talabijin ta Indiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni: Solid Intelligent Filmmaker, Hardly known... |url=http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413105405/http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=naijarules.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
Ya rubuta, ya rubuta tare kuma ya ba da umarni ga wasu sanannun fina-finai na Najeriya da kuma shirye-shiryen gaskiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayin daya daga cikin gabatarwar wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a Gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta 2012 a London, ya jagoranci The Lion and the Jewel, wasan da marubucin Najeriya, Farfesa [[Wole Soyinka]] ya fara yi a shekarar 1959.
A shekara ta 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta na kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya.

A shekara ta 2006, ya kasance Darakta na Abun ciki a kan Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar da ya rubuta, The Narrow Path, fim din minti 95 wanda Mainframe Films da Television Productions suka samar kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim din, wanda ya nuna [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe]] an daidaita shi daga The Virgin, littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] . 
A shekara ta 2008, ya ba da umarnin ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin ma'auni na Super-16mm, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya samar a kan aikin MNET na New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fim a Bikin Fim na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Kyautattun Kayan Kayan Kudancin Aikin Kudancin Afirka na 6 da aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland a [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa hukunci mafi Kyawun Fimi a 2010 TERRACOTA Awards a Legas, Najeriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarnin [[Aramotu]], fim din wasan kwaikwayo na dijital na Najeriya wanda tauraron [[Gabriel Afolayan]] ya fito. Fim din ya sami gabatarwa 7 a 7th Africa Movie Academy Awards kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka don [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]] da Mafi kyawun Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawan. &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Har ila yau, ya fito ne a matsayin Fim mafi Kyawu a [[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka]], wanda aka gudanar a [[Kalaba|Calabar]] a watan Mayu 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Aramotu]] ta nuna a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a duk faɗin duniya, gami da bikin fina-fukkuna na mata na Samsung na 2012 (SWIFF) a [[Chennai]], [[Indiya]]; bikin fina-fukki na Afirka na 2012 A cikin Hoton (AITP), [[Amsterdam]]; 2013 Arusha African International Film Festival (AIFF), [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]]; da kuma 2013 International Film Festival of [[Kerala]] (IFFK), Indiya.

Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarnin Heroes and Zeros, fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda taurari [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel|Bimbo Manual]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da Olu Jacobs suka nuna.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan &amp; Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes &amp; Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;
An fitar da fim din a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Fim din ya lashe lambar yabo ta Mafi Kyawun Fim da Zaɓin Masu sauraro a 2013 EKO International Film Festival kuma ya yi gasa a cikin rukunin fina-finai na dijital na 2013 Pan African Film and Television Festival, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace shi zuwa bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 2013 na Kerala, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna shi a bikin fina-fukkin Afrikamera na 2014 a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]]. Ya sami gabatarwa 6 a 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka don Mafi Kyawun Editawa, Mafi kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Darakta  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hotunan fina-finai ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Taken
!Rubuce-rubuce
!Jagora
!An samar da shi
!Shekara
|-
|''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanyar Ƙananan]]''
|[[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni
|[[Tunde Kelani]]
|[[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Mainframe fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin]]
|2006
|
|-
|''Abobaku''
|[[Femi Odugbemi]]
|Niji Akanni
|Femi Odugbemi
|2008
|
|-
|''[[Aramotu]]''
|Niji Akanni
|Niji Akanni
|Yinka Kolapo
|2010
|
|-
|[[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Zeros]]
|Niji Akanni
|Niji Akanni
|Christopher Jeyibo
|2012
|
|-
|}

== Godiya gaisuwa ==
Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna kyaututtuka da gabatarwa da Niji Akanji da fina-finai suka samu.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|+Jerin manyan kyaututtuka
!Kyautar
!Sashe
!Masu karɓa da waɗanda aka zaba
!Sakamakon
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Yoruba Movie Academy (3rd Yoruba Film Academy Awards) &lt;br /&gt;
|Mafi kyawun Fim na Al'adu
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
|Nasarar da aka samu a cikin Gudanarwa
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
|Hoton da ya fi dacewa
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] (7th Africa Movie Academy Awards) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2011 |title=AMAA Nominations 2011 |url=http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302124149/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |website=Africa Film Academy |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
|[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim mafi kyau]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawun]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim mafi kyau a cikin harshen Afirka]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka|Mafi kyawun Tasirin Bayani]]
|| {{Nom}}
|-
|[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawa|Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawar]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] (9th Africa Movie Academy Awards) &lt;br /&gt;
|-
|[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Fim|Mafi kyawun Fim]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
|[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawu]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
|[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim na Najeriya]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Sauti|Sauti Mafi Kyawu]]
|Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|}

== Dubi kuma ==

* [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya]]

== Aiki ==

Ya rubuta, ya haɗa kai da kuma shirya wasu fitattun fina-finai da shirye-shiryen gaskiya na Najeriya. &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot; /&gt;

A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta 2012 da aka yi a Landan, ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo mai suna The Lion and the Jewel, wani wasan kwaikwayo na marubuci ɗan Najeriya, Farfesa Wole Soyinka wanda aka fara yi a shekarar 1959.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/200m-entertainment-fund-not-a-grant-boi/|title=$200m entertainment fund not a grant — BoI|access-date=2015-04-07|archive-date=2015-04-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427010921/http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/200m-entertainment-fund-not-a-grant-boi/|url-status=live|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;A shekarar 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta a kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya.

A shekara ta 2006, ya zama Daraktan Abubuwan da ke cikin shirin Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar ne ya yi aiki tare da rubuta fim ɗin ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|The Narrow Path]]'', fim mai tsawon mintuna 95 wanda [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions]] suka shirya kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim ɗin, wanda ya ƙunshi [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe|Khabirat Kafidipe,]] an ɗauko shi ne daga ''littafin The Virgin'', wani littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] .  A shekarar 2008, ya ba da umarni ga ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin fim ɗin Super-16mm gauge, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya shirya a kan aikin MNET's New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da kyautar Fim Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Mafi Kyawun Kayan Sawa a Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka na 6 wanda aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland da ke [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa kambun Mafi Kyawun Fim Mai Kyau a Bikin Fim na TERRACOTA na 2010 a Legas, Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni [[Aramotu]], wani fim na dijital na Najeriya wanda [[Gabriel Afolayan]] ya fito a ciki. Fim ɗin ya sami zaɓe sau 7 a bikin bayar da [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|kyaututtuka na 7 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ya lashe kyaututtukan [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|mafi kyawun fina-finan Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun zane na sutura . &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haka kuma ya fito a matsayin Fim Mafi Kyau a [[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya na Afirka]], wanda aka gudanar a [[Kalaba|Calabar]] a watan Mayu na 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna [[Aramotu]] a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a faɗin duniya, ciki har da bikin fina-finan mata na duniya na Samsung (SWIFF) na 2012 a [[Chennai]], [[Indiya]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka In The Picture (AITP) na 2012, [[Amsterdam]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka na duniya na Arusha (AIFF), [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] ; da kuma bikin fina-finan duniya na [[Kerala]] (IFFK) na 2013, Indiya.

Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ''[[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Heroes and Zeros]]'', wani fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda ya hada da [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da [[Olu Jacobs]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan &amp; Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes &amp; Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fitar da fim ɗin a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara nuna shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fim ɗin ya lashe kyautar Fina-finai da Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Sauraro Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na EKO na 2013 kuma ya fafata a ɓangaren fina-finan dijital na Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Pan African na 2013, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace ta zuwa bikin fina-finai na duniya na Kerala na 2013, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna ta a bikin fina-finan Afrikamera na 2014 da aka yi a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]] . Ta sami zaɓe 6 a bikin [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|bayar da kyaututtuka na 9 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ta lashe kyaututtukan mafi kyawun edita, mafi kyawun fim ɗin kwaikwayo da kuma mafi kyawun darakta &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fina-finai ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Lakabi
! An rubuta
! An shirya
! An samar
! Shekara
|-
| ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanya Mai Ƙuntata]]''
| [[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni
| [[Tunde Kelani]]
| [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Fina-finai da Shirye-shiryen Talabijin na Mainframe]]
| 2006
|
|-
| ''Abobaku''
| [[Femi Odugbemi]]
| Niji Akanni
| Femi Odugbemi
| 2008
|
|-
| ''[[Aramotu]]''
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Yinka Kolapo
| 2010
|
|-
| [[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Sifili]]
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Christopher Jeyibo
| 2012
|
|-
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]]</text>
      <sha1>g3eq3ii6658t2l4llwa2l9t6e6hvf91</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969622</id>
      <parentid>969619</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T17:53:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baffa ali</username>
        <id>47435</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1370863692|Niji Akanni]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>969622</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11867" sha1="6tagoid2koi4kuqxznfncn7pgtjad3b" xml:space="preserve">
'''Niji Akanni''' Listen ⓘ ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya, marubuciyar allo, darakta, furodusa kuma mai shirya fina-finai .   

== Ilimi ==
Akanni ta sami digirin farko a fannin Fasahar Wasanni daga [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] da digiri na biyu a fannin Nazarin Fina-finai daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin Rubutun Allon Rubutu da Darakta na Fina-finai daga Cibiyar Fina-finai da Talabijin ta Indiya . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni: Solid Intelligent Filmmaker, Hardly known... |url=http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413105405/http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=naijarules.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Sana'a ==
Ya rubuta, ya haɗa kai da kuma shirya wasu fitattun fina-finai da shirye-shiryen gaskiya na Najeriya. &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta 2012 da aka yi a Landan, ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo mai suna The Lion and the Jewel, wani wasan kwaikwayo na marubuci ɗan Najeriya, Farfesa Wole Soyinka wanda aka fara yi a shekarar 1959.  A shekarar 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta a kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya.

A shekara ta 2006, ya zama Daraktan Abubuwan da ke cikin shirin Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar ne ya yi aiki tare da rubuta fim ɗin ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|The Narrow Path]]'', fim mai tsawon mintuna 95 wanda [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions]] suka shirya kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim ɗin, wanda ya ƙunshi [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe|Khabirat Kafidipe,]] an ɗauko shi ne daga ''littafin The Virgin'', wani littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] .  A shekarar 2008, ya ba da umarni ga ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin fim ɗin Super-16mm gauge, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya shirya a kan aikin MNET's New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da kyautar Fim Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Mafi Kyawun Kayan Sawa a Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka na 6 wanda aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland da ke [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa kambun Mafi Kyawun Fim Mai Kyau a Bikin Fim na TERRACOTA na 2010 a Legas, Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni [[Aramotu]], wani fim na dijital na Najeriya wanda [[Gabriel Afolayan]] ya fito a ciki. Fim ɗin ya sami zaɓe sau 7 a bikin bayar da [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|kyaututtuka na 7 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ya lashe kyaututtukan [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|mafi kyawun fina-finan Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun zane na sutura . &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haka kuma ya fito a matsayin Fim Mafi Kyau a [[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya na Afirka]], wanda aka gudanar a [[Kalaba|Calabar]] a watan Mayu na 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna [[Aramotu]] a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a faɗin duniya, ciki har da bikin fina-finan mata na duniya na Samsung (SWIFF) na 2012 a [[Chennai]], [[Indiya]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka In The Picture (AITP) na 2012, [[Amsterdam]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka na duniya na Arusha (AIFF), [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] ; da kuma bikin fina-finan duniya na [[Kerala]] (IFFK) na 2013, Indiya.

Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ''[[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Heroes and Zeros]]'', wani fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda ya hada da [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da [[Olu Jacobs]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan &amp; Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes &amp; Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fitar da fim ɗin a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara nuna shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fim ɗin ya lashe kyautar Fina-finai da Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Sauraro Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na EKO na 2013 kuma ya fafata a ɓangaren fina-finan dijital na Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Pan African na 2013, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace ta zuwa bikin fina-finai na duniya na Kerala na 2013, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna ta a bikin fina-finan Afrikamera na 2014 da aka yi a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]] . Ta sami zaɓe 6 a bikin [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|bayar da kyaututtuka na 9 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ta lashe kyaututtukan mafi kyawun edita, mafi kyawun fim ɗin kwaikwayo da kuma mafi kyawun darakta &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fim ɗin fim ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Lakabi
! An rubuta
! An shirya
! An samar
! Shekara
|-
| ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanya Mai Ƙuntata]]''
| [[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni
| [[Tunde Kelani]]
| [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Fina-finai da Shirye-shiryen Talabijin na Mainframe]]
| 2006
|
|-
| ''Abobaku''
| [[Femi Odugbemi]]
| Niji Akanni
| Femi Odugbemi
| 2008
|
|-
| ''[[Aramotu]]''
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Yinka Kolapo
| 2010
|
|-
| [[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Sifili]]
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Christopher Jeyibo
| 2012
|
|-
|}

== Accolades ==
Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna kyaututtuka da kuma sunayen waɗanda Niji Akanji da fina-finansa suka karɓa.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|+Jerin Manyan Kyaututtuka
! Kyauta
! Nau'i
! Masu karɓa da waɗanda aka zaɓa
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Kwalejin Fina-finan Yarabawa&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; (Kyaututtukan Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Yarabawa na 3) 
| Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Al'adu
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| Nasarar da aka samu a aikin jagoranci
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| Mafi Kyawun Hoto
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; | [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ( [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 7]] ) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2011 |title=AMAA Nominations 2011 |url=http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302124149/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |website=Africa Film Academy |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Najeriya]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim Mafi Kyau]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Mafi Kyawun Darakta]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim Mafi Kyau a Harshen Afirka]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka|Mafi kyawun Tasirin Kayayyaki]] 
|| {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawa|Mafi kyawun Tsarin Tufafi]]
| Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; | [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ( [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 9]] )
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Fim|Mafi kyawun Wasan Kwaikwayo]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Mafi kyawun Darakta]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Najeriya]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Sauti|Mafi kyawun Sauti]]
| Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|}

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya|Jerin masu shirya fina-finan Najeriya]]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]]</text>
      <sha1>6tagoid2koi4kuqxznfncn7pgtjad3b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969623</id>
      <parentid>969622</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T17:53:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baffa ali</username>
        <id>47435</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>969623</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11878" sha1="htp13iplyeq1b19otirf9otboxdmesm" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Niji Akanni''' Listen ⓘ ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya, marubuciyar allo, darakta, furodusa kuma mai shirya fina-finai .   

== Ilimi ==
Akanni ta sami digirin farko a fannin Fasahar Wasanni daga [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] da digiri na biyu a fannin Nazarin Fina-finai daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin Rubutun Allon Rubutu da Darakta na Fina-finai daga Cibiyar Fina-finai da Talabijin ta Indiya . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni: Solid Intelligent Filmmaker, Hardly known... |url=http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413105405/http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=naijarules.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Sana'a ==
Ya rubuta, ya haɗa kai da kuma shirya wasu fitattun fina-finai da shirye-shiryen gaskiya na Najeriya. &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta 2012 da aka yi a Landan, ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo mai suna The Lion and the Jewel, wani wasan kwaikwayo na marubuci ɗan Najeriya, Farfesa Wole Soyinka wanda aka fara yi a shekarar 1959.  A shekarar 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta a kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya.

A shekara ta 2006, ya zama Daraktan Abubuwan da ke cikin shirin Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar ne ya yi aiki tare da rubuta fim ɗin ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|The Narrow Path]]'', fim mai tsawon mintuna 95 wanda [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions]] suka shirya kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim ɗin, wanda ya ƙunshi [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe|Khabirat Kafidipe,]] an ɗauko shi ne daga ''littafin The Virgin'', wani littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] .  A shekarar 2008, ya ba da umarni ga ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin fim ɗin Super-16mm gauge, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya shirya a kan aikin MNET's New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da kyautar Fim Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Mafi Kyawun Kayan Sawa a Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka na 6 wanda aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland da ke [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa kambun Mafi Kyawun Fim Mai Kyau a Bikin Fim na TERRACOTA na 2010 a Legas, Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni [[Aramotu]], wani fim na dijital na Najeriya wanda [[Gabriel Afolayan]] ya fito a ciki. Fim ɗin ya sami zaɓe sau 7 a bikin bayar da [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|kyaututtuka na 7 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ya lashe kyaututtukan [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|mafi kyawun fina-finan Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun zane na sutura . &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haka kuma ya fito a matsayin Fim Mafi Kyau a [[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya na Afirka]], wanda aka gudanar a [[Kalaba|Calabar]] a watan Mayu na 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna [[Aramotu]] a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a faɗin duniya, ciki har da bikin fina-finan mata na duniya na Samsung (SWIFF) na 2012 a [[Chennai]], [[Indiya]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka In The Picture (AITP) na 2012, [[Amsterdam]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka na duniya na Arusha (AIFF), [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] ; da kuma bikin fina-finan duniya na [[Kerala]] (IFFK) na 2013, Indiya.

Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ''[[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Heroes and Zeros]]'', wani fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda ya hada da [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da [[Olu Jacobs]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan &amp; Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes &amp; Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fitar da fim ɗin a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara nuna shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fim ɗin ya lashe kyautar Fina-finai da Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Sauraro Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na EKO na 2013 kuma ya fafata a ɓangaren fina-finan dijital na Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Pan African na 2013, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace ta zuwa bikin fina-finai na duniya na Kerala na 2013, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna ta a bikin fina-finan Afrikamera na 2014 da aka yi a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]] . Ta sami zaɓe 6 a bikin [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|bayar da kyaututtuka na 9 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ta lashe kyaututtukan mafi kyawun edita, mafi kyawun fim ɗin kwaikwayo da kuma mafi kyawun darakta &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fim ɗin fim ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Lakabi
! An rubuta
! An shirya
! An samar
! Shekara
|-
| ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanya Mai Ƙuntata]]''
| [[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni
| [[Tunde Kelani]]
| [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Fina-finai da Shirye-shiryen Talabijin na Mainframe]]
| 2006
|
|-
| ''Abobaku''
| [[Femi Odugbemi]]
| Niji Akanni
| Femi Odugbemi
| 2008
|
|-
| ''[[Aramotu]]''
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Yinka Kolapo
| 2010
|
|-
| [[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Sifili]]
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Christopher Jeyibo
| 2012
|
|-
|}

== Accolades ==
Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna kyaututtuka da kuma sunayen waɗanda Niji Akanji da fina-finansa suka karɓa.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|+Jerin Manyan Kyaututtuka
! Kyauta
! Nau'i
! Masu karɓa da waɗanda aka zaɓa
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Kwalejin Fina-finan Yarabawa&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; (Kyaututtukan Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Yarabawa na 3) 
| Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Al'adu
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| Nasarar da aka samu a aikin jagoranci
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| Mafi Kyawun Hoto
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; | [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ( [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 7]] ) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2011 |title=AMAA Nominations 2011 |url=http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302124149/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |website=Africa Film Academy |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Najeriya]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim Mafi Kyau]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Mafi Kyawun Darakta]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim Mafi Kyau a Harshen Afirka]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka|Mafi kyawun Tasirin Kayayyaki]] 
|| {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawa|Mafi kyawun Tsarin Tufafi]]
| Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; | [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ( [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 9]] )
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Fim|Mafi kyawun Wasan Kwaikwayo]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Mafi kyawun Darakta]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Najeriya]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Sauti|Mafi kyawun Sauti]]
| Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|}

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya|Jerin masu shirya fina-finan Najeriya]]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]]</text>
      <sha1>htp13iplyeq1b19otirf9otboxdmesm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969627</id>
      <parentid>969623</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T17:56:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baffa ali</username>
        <id>47435</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Sana'a */</comment>
      <origin>969627</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12271" sha1="8hqewsiecvddm00fcoilupxmaemohpb" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Niji Akanni''' Listen ⓘ ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya, marubuciyar allo, darakta, furodusa kuma mai shirya fina-finai .   

== Ilimi ==
Akanni ta sami digirin farko a fannin Fasahar Wasanni daga [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] da digiri na biyu a fannin Nazarin Fina-finai daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin Rubutun Allon Rubutu da Darakta na Fina-finai daga Cibiyar Fina-finai da Talabijin ta Indiya . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni: Solid Intelligent Filmmaker, Hardly known... |url=http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413105405/http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=naijarules.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Sana'a ==
Ya rubuta, ya haɗa kai da kuma shirya wasu fitattun fina-finai da shirye-shiryen gaskiya na Najeriya. &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta 2012 da aka yi a Landan, ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo mai suna The Lion and the Jewel, wani wasan kwaikwayo na marubuci ɗan Najeriya, Farfesa Wole Soyinka wanda aka fara yi a shekarar 1959. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/200m-entertainment-fund-not-a-grant-boi/|title=$200m entertainment fund not a grant — BoI|access-date=2015-04-07|archive-date=2015-04-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427010921/http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/200m-entertainment-fund-not-a-grant-boi/|url-status=live|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta a kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya.

A shekara ta 2006, ya zama Daraktan Abubuwan da ke cikin shirin Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar ne ya yi aiki tare da rubuta fim ɗin ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|The Narrow Path]]'', fim mai tsawon mintuna 95 wanda [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions]] suka shirya kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim ɗin, wanda ya ƙunshi [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe|Khabirat Kafidipe,]] an ɗauko shi ne daga ''littafin The Virgin'', wani littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] .  A shekarar 2008, ya ba da umarni ga ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin fim ɗin Super-16mm gauge, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya shirya a kan aikin MNET's New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da kyautar Fim Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Mafi Kyawun Kayan Sawa a Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka na 6 wanda aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland da ke [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa kambun Mafi Kyawun Fim Mai Kyau a Bikin Fim na TERRACOTA na 2010 a Legas, Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni [[Aramotu]], wani fim na dijital na Najeriya wanda [[Gabriel Afolayan]] ya fito a ciki. Fim ɗin ya sami zaɓe sau 7 a bikin bayar da [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|kyaututtuka na 7 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ya lashe kyaututtukan [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|mafi kyawun fina-finan Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun zane na sutura . &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haka kuma ya fito a matsayin Fim Mafi Kyau a [[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya na Afirka]], wanda aka gudanar a [[Kalaba|Calabar]] a watan Mayu na 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna [[Aramotu]] a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a faɗin duniya, ciki har da bikin fina-finan mata na duniya na Samsung (SWIFF) na 2012 a [[Chennai]], [[Indiya]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka In The Picture (AITP) na 2012, [[Amsterdam]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka na duniya na Arusha (AIFF), [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] ; da kuma bikin fina-finan duniya na [[Kerala]] (IFFK) na 2013, Indiya.

Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ''[[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Heroes and Zeros]]'', wani fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda ya hada da [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da [[Olu Jacobs]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan &amp; Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes &amp; Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fitar da fim ɗin a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara nuna shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fim ɗin ya lashe kyautar Fina-finai da Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Sauraro Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na EKO na 2013 kuma ya fafata a ɓangaren fina-finan dijital na Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Pan African na 2013, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace ta zuwa bikin fina-finai na duniya na Kerala na 2013, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna ta a bikin fina-finan Afrikamera na 2014 da aka yi a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]] . Ta sami zaɓe 6 a bikin [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|bayar da kyaututtuka na 9 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ta lashe kyaututtukan mafi kyawun edita, mafi kyawun fim ɗin kwaikwayo da kuma mafi kyawun darakta &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fim ɗin fim ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Lakabi
! An rubuta
! An shirya
! An samar
! Shekara
|-
| ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanya Mai Ƙuntata]]''
| [[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni
| [[Tunde Kelani]]
| [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Fina-finai da Shirye-shiryen Talabijin na Mainframe]]
| 2006
|
|-
| ''Abobaku''
| [[Femi Odugbemi]]
| Niji Akanni
| Femi Odugbemi
| 2008
|
|-
| ''[[Aramotu]]''
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Yinka Kolapo
| 2010
|
|-
| [[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Sifili]]
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Christopher Jeyibo
| 2012
|
|-
|}

== Accolades ==
Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna kyaututtuka da kuma sunayen waɗanda Niji Akanji da fina-finansa suka karɓa.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|+Jerin Manyan Kyaututtuka
! Kyauta
! Nau'i
! Masu karɓa da waɗanda aka zaɓa
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Kwalejin Fina-finan Yarabawa&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; (Kyaututtukan Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Yarabawa na 3) 
| Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Al'adu
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| Nasarar da aka samu a aikin jagoranci
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| Mafi Kyawun Hoto
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; | [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ( [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 7]] ) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2011 |title=AMAA Nominations 2011 |url=http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302124149/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |website=Africa Film Academy |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Najeriya]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim Mafi Kyau]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Mafi Kyawun Darakta]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim Mafi Kyau a Harshen Afirka]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka|Mafi kyawun Tasirin Kayayyaki]] 
|| {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawa|Mafi kyawun Tsarin Tufafi]]
| Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; | [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ( [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 9]] )
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Fim|Mafi kyawun Wasan Kwaikwayo]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Mafi kyawun Darakta]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Najeriya]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Sauti|Mafi kyawun Sauti]]
| Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|}

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya|Jerin masu shirya fina-finan Najeriya]]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]]</text>
      <sha1>8hqewsiecvddm00fcoilupxmaemohpb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969840</id>
      <parentid>969627</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:57:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Sana'a */</comment>
      <origin>969840</origin>
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      <text bytes="12280" sha1="6t0pv6zpn1ua9cnkg6t47gfnb6mixfm" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Niji Akanni''' Listen ⓘ ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya, marubuciyar allo, darakta, furodusa kuma mai shirya fina-finai .   

== Ilimi ==
Akanni ta sami digirin farko a fannin Fasahar Wasanni daga [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] da digiri na biyu a fannin Nazarin Fina-finai daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin Rubutun Allon Rubutu da Darakta na Fina-finai daga Cibiyar Fina-finai da Talabijin ta Indiya . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni: Solid Intelligent Filmmaker, Hardly known... |url=http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413105405/http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=naijarules.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Sana'a ==
Ya rubuta, ya haɗa kai da kuma shirya wasu fitattun fina-finai da shirye-shiryen gaskiya na Najeriya. &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta shekarar 2012 da aka yi a Landan, ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo mai suna The Lion and the Jewel, wani wasan kwaikwayo na marubuci ɗan Najeriya, Farfesa Wole Soyinka wanda aka fara yi a shekarar 1959. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/200m-entertainment-fund-not-a-grant-boi/|title=$200m entertainment fund not a grant — BoI|access-date=2015-04-07|archive-date=2015-04-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427010921/http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/200m-entertainment-fund-not-a-grant-boi/|url-status=live|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta a kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya.

A shekara ta 2006, ya zama Daraktan Abubuwan da ke cikin shirin Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar ne ya yi aiki tare da rubuta fim ɗin ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|The Narrow Path]]'', fim mai tsawon mintuna 95 wanda [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions]] suka shirya kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim ɗin, wanda ya ƙunshi [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe|Khabirat Kafidipe,]] an ɗauko shi ne daga ''littafin The Virgin'', wani littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] .  A shekarar 2008, ya ba da umarni ga ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin fim ɗin Super-16mm gauge, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya shirya a kan aikin MNET's New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da kyautar Fim Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Mafi Kyawun Kayan Sawa a Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka na 6 wanda aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland da ke [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa kambun Mafi Kyawun Fim Mai Kyau a Bikin Fim na TERRACOTA na 2010 a Legas, Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni [[Aramotu]], wani fim na dijital na Najeriya wanda [[Gabriel Afolayan]] ya fito a ciki. Fim ɗin ya sami zaɓe sau 7 a bikin bayar da [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|kyaututtuka na 7 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ya lashe kyaututtukan [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|mafi kyawun fina-finan Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun zane na sutura . &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haka kuma ya fito a matsayin Fim Mafi Kyau a [[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya na Afirka]], wanda aka gudanar a [[Kalaba|Calabar]] a watan Mayu na 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna [[Aramotu]] a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a faɗin duniya, ciki har da bikin fina-finan mata na duniya na Samsung (SWIFF) na 2012 a [[Chennai]], [[Indiya]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka In The Picture (AITP) na 2012, [[Amsterdam]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka na duniya na Arusha (AIFF), [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] ; da kuma bikin fina-finan duniya na [[Kerala]] (IFFK) na 2013, Indiya.

Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ''[[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Heroes and Zeros]]'', wani fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda ya hada da [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da [[Olu Jacobs]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan &amp; Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes &amp; Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fitar da fim ɗin a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara nuna shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fim ɗin ya lashe kyautar Fina-finai da Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Sauraro Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na EKO na 2013 kuma ya fafata a ɓangaren fina-finan dijital na Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Pan African na 2013, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace ta zuwa bikin fina-finai na duniya na Kerala na 2013, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna ta a bikin fina-finan Afrikamera na 2014 da aka yi a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]] . Ta sami zaɓe 6 a bikin [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|bayar da kyaututtuka na 9 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ta lashe kyaututtukan mafi kyawun edita, mafi kyawun fim ɗin kwaikwayo da kuma mafi kyawun darakta &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fim ɗin fim ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Lakabi
! An rubuta
! An shirya
! An samar
! Shekara
|-
| ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanya Mai Ƙuntata]]''
| [[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni
| [[Tunde Kelani]]
| [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Fina-finai da Shirye-shiryen Talabijin na Mainframe]]
| 2006
|
|-
| ''Abobaku''
| [[Femi Odugbemi]]
| Niji Akanni
| Femi Odugbemi
| 2008
|
|-
| ''[[Aramotu]]''
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Yinka Kolapo
| 2010
|
|-
| [[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Sifili]]
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Christopher Jeyibo
| 2012
|
|-
|}

== Accolades ==
Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna kyaututtuka da kuma sunayen waɗanda Niji Akanji da fina-finansa suka karɓa.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|+Jerin Manyan Kyaututtuka
! Kyauta
! Nau'i
! Masu karɓa da waɗanda aka zaɓa
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Kwalejin Fina-finan Yarabawa&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; (Kyaututtukan Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Yarabawa na 3) 
| Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Al'adu
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| Nasarar da aka samu a aikin jagoranci
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| Mafi Kyawun Hoto
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; | [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ( [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 7]] ) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2011 |title=AMAA Nominations 2011 |url=http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302124149/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |website=Africa Film Academy |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Najeriya]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim Mafi Kyau]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Mafi Kyawun Darakta]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim Mafi Kyau a Harshen Afirka]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka|Mafi kyawun Tasirin Kayayyaki]] 
|| {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawa|Mafi kyawun Tsarin Tufafi]]
| Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; | [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ( [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 9]] )
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Fim|Mafi kyawun Wasan Kwaikwayo]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Mafi kyawun Darakta]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Najeriya]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Sauti|Mafi kyawun Sauti]]
| Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|}

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya|Jerin masu shirya fina-finan Najeriya]]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]]</text>
      <sha1>6t0pv6zpn1ua9cnkg6t47gfnb6mixfm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969841</id>
      <parentid>969840</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:57:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
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'''Niji Akanni''' Listen ⓘ ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya, marubuciyar allo, darakta, furodusa kuma mai shirya fina-finai .   

== Ilimi ==
Akanni ta sami digirin farko a fannin Fasahar Wasanni daga [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] da digiri na biyu a fannin Nazarin Fina-finai daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin Rubutun Allon Rubutu da Darakta na Fina-finai daga Cibiyar Fina-finai da Talabijin ta kasar Indiya . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni: Solid Intelligent Filmmaker, Hardly known... |url=http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413105405/http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fniji-akanni-solid-intelligent-filmmaker-hardly-known.39660%2F |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=naijarules.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Ya rubuta, ya haɗa kai da kuma shirya wasu fitattun fina-finai da shirye-shiryen gaskiya na Najeriya. &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Olawale Adegbuyi |title=Aramotu directed by Niji Akanni |url=http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417152306/http://movietainmentmagazine.com/aramotu-directed-by-niji-akanni/ |archive-date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=The Movietainment Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo guda uku na Najeriya a gasar Olympics ta Al'adu ta shekarar 2012 da aka yi a Landan, ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo mai suna The Lion and the Jewel, wani wasan kwaikwayo na marubuci ɗan Najeriya, Farfesa Wole Soyinka wanda aka fara yi a shekarar 1959. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/200m-entertainment-fund-not-a-grant-boi/|title=$200m entertainment fund not a grant — BoI|access-date=2015-04-07|archive-date=2015-04-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427010921/http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/200m-entertainment-fund-not-a-grant-boi/|url-status=live|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2005, ya kasance Mataimakin Darakta a kakar wasa ta farko ta Amstel Malta Box Office, wani shirin talabijin na gaskiya na Najeriya.

A shekara ta 2006, ya zama Daraktan Abubuwan da ke cikin shirin Big Brother Nigeria, a wannan shekarar ne ya yi aiki tare da rubuta fim ɗin ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|The Narrow Path]]'', fim mai tsawon mintuna 95 wanda [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions]] suka shirya kuma [[Tunde Kelani]] ya ba da umarni. Fim ɗin, wanda ya ƙunshi [[Sola Asedeko]] da [[Khabirat Kafidipe|Khabirat Kafidipe,]] an ɗauko shi ne daga ''littafin The Virgin'', wani littafi na farko na [[Bayo Adebowale]] .  A shekarar 2008, ya ba da umarni ga ''[[Abobaku]]'', wani ɗan gajeren fim a cikin fim ɗin Super-16mm gauge, wanda [[Femi Odugbemi]] ya shirya a kan aikin MNET's New Directions. ''[[Abobaku]]'' ya lashe kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da kyautar Fim Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na ZUMA na 2010 a [[Abuja]], Najeriya; Mafi Kyawun Kayan Sawa a Bikin Fina-finai na Afirka na 6 wanda aka gudanar a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2010 a Cibiyar Al'adu ta Gloryland da ke [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], Najeriya; kuma an yi masa kambun Mafi Kyawun Fim Mai Kyau a Bikin Fim na TERRACOTA na 2010 a Legas, Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Africultures - Fiche film : Abobaku |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413232036/http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=film&amp;no=15918 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africultures.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2010, ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni [[Aramotu]], wani fim na dijital na Najeriya wanda [[Gabriel Afolayan]] ya fito a ciki. Fim ɗin ya sami zaɓe sau 7 a bikin bayar da [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|kyaututtuka na 7 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ya lashe kyaututtukan [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|mafi kyawun fina-finan Najeriya]] da kuma mafi kyawun zane na sutura . &lt;ref name=&quot;olawaleadegbuyi&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aramotu is living it up |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415181723/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up/3209-aramotu-is-living-it-up |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haka kuma ya fito a matsayin Fim Mafi Kyau a [[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya na Afirka]], wanda aka gudanar a [[Kalaba|Calabar]] a watan Mayu na 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Afrff 2013 before the African movie showcase in calabar |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415184740/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/world-news/item/12819-afriff-2013-before-the-african-movie-showcase-in-calabar.html |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=tribune.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nuna [[Aramotu]] a bukukuwan fina-finai daban-daban a faɗin duniya, ciki har da bikin fina-finan mata na duniya na Samsung (SWIFF) na 2012 a [[Chennai]], [[Indiya]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka In The Picture (AITP) na 2012, [[Amsterdam]] ; bikin fina-finan Afirka na duniya na Arusha (AIFF), [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] ; da kuma bikin fina-finan duniya na [[Kerala]] (IFFK) na 2013, Indiya.

Ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ''[[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Heroes and Zeros]]'', wani fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wanda ya hada da [[Nadia Buari]], [[Bimbo Manuel]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da [[Olu Jacobs]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adeola Adeyemo |title=Nadia Buari, Olu Jacobs, Gabriel Afolayan &amp; Bimbo Manuel Star in Heroes &amp; Zeros – View Behind the Scenes Shots and Trailer |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702093730/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/08/20/nadia-buari-olu-jacobs-gabriel-afolayan-bimbo-manuel-star-in-heroes-zeros-view-behind-the-scenes-shots-and-trailer/ |archive-date=2015-07-02 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=BellaNaija}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niji Akanni-directed 'Heroes and Zeros' for DVD release |url=http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413001834/http://m.newsng.com/index.php?archive=2015-03-16 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |access-date=6 April 2015 |website=News Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; An fitar da fim ɗin a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2012 kuma an fara nuna shi a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] a ranar 15 ga Maris, 2013 a Odeon Cinema . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Manager2 |title=Nollywood steps up assault on UK film market with Heroes and Zeroes screening in Greenwich |url=http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014056/http://nigerianwatch.com/entertainment/1432-nollywood-steps-up-assault-on-uk-film-market-with-heroes-and-zeroes-screening-in-greenwich |archive-date=2015-04-14 |website=nigerianwatch.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fim ɗin ya lashe kyautar Fina-finai da Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Sauraro Mafi Kyau a Bikin Fina-finai na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na EKO na 2013 kuma ya fafata a ɓangaren fina-finan dijital na Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Pan African na 2013, FESPACO, a [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]] . An gayyace ta zuwa bikin fina-finai na duniya na Kerala na 2013, IFFK, a Indiya, kuma an nuna ta a bikin fina-finan Afrikamera na 2014 da aka yi a [[Wosaa|Warsaw]], [[Poland]] . Ta sami zaɓe 6 a bikin [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|bayar da kyaututtuka na 9 na Afirka Movie Academy Awards]] kuma ta lashe kyaututtukan mafi kyawun edita, mafi kyawun fim ɗin kwaikwayo da kuma mafi kyawun darakta &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nigeria HomePage - Breaking News, Business, Sports, Entertainment and Video News |url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414055637/http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/97733/3/koga-studios-scores-high-with-heroes-and-zeros-pre.html |archive-date=2015-04-14 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Winning films from African Movie Awards 2013 |url=http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415004914/http://africainwords.com/2013/08/01/winning-films-from-african-movie-awards-2013/ |archive-date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2015-04-07 |website=africainwords.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fim ɗin fim ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Lakabi
! An rubuta
! An shirya
! An samar
! Shekara
|-
| ''[[The Narrow Path (2006 fim)|Hanya Mai Ƙuntata]]''
| [[Tunde Kelani]] da Niji Akanni
| [[Tunde Kelani]]
| [[Mainframe Films and Television Productions|Fina-finai da Shirye-shiryen Talabijin na Mainframe]]
| 2006
|
|-
| ''Abobaku''
| [[Femi Odugbemi]]
| Niji Akanni
| Femi Odugbemi
| 2008
|
|-
| ''[[Aramotu]]''
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Yinka Kolapo
| 2010
|
|-
| [[Heroes &amp; Zeros (fim)|Jarumai da Sifili]]
| Niji Akanni
| Niji Akanni
| Christopher Jeyibo
| 2012
|
|-
|}

== Accolades ==
Teburin da ke ƙasa ya nuna kyaututtuka da kuma sunayen waɗanda Niji Akanji da fina-finansa suka karɓa.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|+Jerin Manyan Kyaututtuka
! Kyauta
! Nau'i
! Masu karɓa da waɗanda aka zaɓa
! Sakamako
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Kwalejin Fina-finan Yarabawa&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; (Kyaututtukan Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Yarabawa na 3) 
| Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Al'adu
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| Nasarar da aka samu a aikin jagoranci
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| Mafi Kyawun Hoto
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; | [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ( [[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 7]] ) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2011 |title=AMAA Nominations 2011 |url=http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302124149/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominations-2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |website=Africa Film Academy |publisher=[[Africa Movie Academy Awards]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Najeriya]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim Mafi Kyau]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Mafi Kyawun Darakta]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim Mafi Kyau a Harshen Afirka]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka|Mafi kyawun Tasirin Kayayyaki]] 
|| {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawa|Mafi kyawun Tsarin Tufafi]]
| Niji Akanni| {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; | [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ( [[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Afirka ta 9]] )
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Fim|Mafi kyawun Wasan Kwaikwayo]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Mafi kyawun Darakta]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Won}}
|-
| [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Najeriya]]
| Niji Akanni | {{Nom}}
|-
| [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ga Mafi Kyawun Sauti|Mafi kyawun Sauti]]
| Niji Akanni| {{Nom}}
|-
|}

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya|Jerin masu shirya fina-finan Najeriya]]

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Daniel Etim Effiong</title>
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'''Daniel Etim Effiong''', kuma '''Daniel Etim-Effiong''' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 30, 2020 |title=The Photos from Inside Mimi Onalaja's 30th Birthday Party That'll Make You Feel Like You Were There Too |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/09/mimi-onalaja-30th-birthday-party/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}&lt;/ref&gt; ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma darektan fim na Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 30, 2020 |title=Moët's &quot;Night With The Stars&quot; delivers All The Nollywood Inspiration You need with Daniel Etim Effiong, Kate Henshaw, Mawuli Gavor &amp; Omotola Jalade Ekeinde |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/01/moet-interview-part-1/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Etim Effiong a [[Jaji, Najeriya|Jaji]] a [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]], Najeriya . A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa ya zauna a Benin City, [[Edo|Jihar Edo]]; [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]]; da [[Abuja]] . Mahaifinsa, tsohon Lieutenant Colonel Moses Effiong, an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai bayan an yi masa zargi da ƙarya a juyin mulkin Mamman Vatsa na 1985 a lokacin mulkin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] . An tura shi kurkuku lokacin da Etim Effiong ke da shekara guda. Mahaifiyarsa ta mutu lokacin da yake dan shekara hudu a kan hanyarsa ta ziyarci mijinta a kurkuku.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=Daniel Etim Effiong Biography - 88Lately |url=https://88lately.com/daniel-etim-effiong-biography/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; An saki mahaifin Etim Effiong a 1993 kuma shugaban kasa [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya ba shi cikakken gafarar shugaban kasa a 2020  .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Why My Dad Was Sentenced to Life Imprisonment - Daniel Etim-Effiong |url=https://vocal.media/humans/why-my-dad-was-sentenced-to-life-imprisonment-daniel-etim-effiong |access-date=2025-11-28 |website=Humans |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya halarci makarantar St. Mary's Private School a [[Tsibirin Lagos|Tsibirin Legas]], Jihar Legas, sannan ya biyo bayan Kwalejin Gwamnati, [[Ikorodu]], kuma a Jihar Legasa, don karatun sakandare. Ya sami digiri a fannin Injiniyan sunadarai a [[Minna]]&quot; id=&quot;mwMw&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Federal University of Technology, Minna&quot;&gt;Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya da ke Minna, [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]] . Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci yana aiki a matsayin injiniya a masana'antar mai da iskar gas, ya ci gaba da karatun fim, rubutun allo da kuma ba da umarni a [[AFDA, Makaranta don Ƙarfafa Tattalin Arziki|Makarantar Fim ta AFDA]] a Afirka ta Kudu.

== Ayyuka ==

=== Shekaru na 2010 ===
Bayan ya bar aikinsa na mai da iskar gas, ya zama mai samar da abun ciki ga [[Ndani TV|NdaniTV]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;En&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 27, 2020 |title=Bimbo Ademoye, Daniel Etim Effiong, Reminisce and other promising stars to watch out for |url=https://encomium.ng/7th-amvca-bimbo-ademoye-daniel-etim-effiong-reminisce-and-other-promising-stars-to-watch-out-for/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Encomium}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Farawa a farkon shekarun 2010, Etim Effiong ya ɗauki matsayi a cikin jerin yanar gizo da talabijin waɗanda suka haɗa da Goddammit It's Monday (2012), ''[[Gidi Up]]'' (2013), ''Mataimakin Madams'', Castle da Castle (2018) da The Men's Club (2018).

A cikin 2017, ya ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo na minti biyar mai taken Prey wanda ke nuna [[Tope Tedela]] da Odenike Odetola . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2017 |title=He Directed…She Produced! WATCH Toyosi &amp; Daniel Etim-Effiong's Short Film &quot;Prey&quot; on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/12/directed-produced-watch-toyosi-daniel-etim-effiongs-short-film-prey-bn-tv/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2018, ya fara yin fim dinsa na farko a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na New Money . Nasarar da ya samu ta zo ne a shekara mai zuwa a fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Kenya, Shirin B, tare da [[Sarah Hassan]] da [[Catherine Kamau|Catherine Kamau Karanja]] kuma yana wasa da Shugaba na Najeriya na kamfanin Nairobi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 30, 2020 |title=Plan B |url=https://paukwa.or.ke/plan-b/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Paukwa}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Plan B |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2019/02/plan-b.html |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Nollywood Reinvented}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 14, 2020 |title=7 Nigerian movies you can enjoy with bae in February |url=https://stories.showmax.com/7-nigerian-movies-you-can-enjoy-with-bae-in-february/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Showmax Stories |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226102826/https://stories.showmax.com/7-nigerian-movies-you-can-enjoy-with-bae-in-february/ |archive-date=February 26, 2021 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 14, 2019 |title=#BNMovieFeature – Valentine's Day Special: WATCH Lowla Dee's &quot;Plan B&quot; starring Daniel Etim Effiong, Lenana Kariba, Sarah Hassan |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/02/bnmoviefeature-valentines-day-special-watch-lowla-dees-plan-b-starring-daniel-etim-effiong-lenana-kariba-sarah-hassan/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya lashe kyautar Best Actor a Comedy a 7th [[Kyautar zaɓuɓɓuka masu kallon afirka|AMVCA]] awards 2020 saboda rawar da ya taka.&lt;ref name=&quot;En&quot; /&gt;

=== Shekaru na 2020 ===
A cikin 2020, ya fara zama darektan tare da Fish Bone, wani ɗan gajeren fim wanda ya magance batun yaudarar miyagun ƙwayoyi, kuma ya fito tare da [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] da Moshood Fattah . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 1, 2020 |title=Editi Effiong's &quot;Fishbone&quot; Is Perfect for Movie Night {{!}} Watch on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/05/fishbone-movie-editi-effiong/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan shekarar ya bayyana a cikin Storm, wani ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Ike Onyema da Atteh 'SirDee' Daniel kuma Michael 'AMA Psalmist' Akinrogunde ne ya ba da umarni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 13, 2020 |title=Diane Russet's Short Film &quot;Storm&quot; Proves Love can be Found in the Most Unexpected Circumstances |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/07/diane-russet-short-film-storm/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, a cikin 2020, an saki fim dinsa na farko, shirin Netflix Skin, wanda ya binciki batun launi a Najeriya. Ya ƙunshi [[Beverly Naya]] wanda kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa.   &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Okiche |first=Wilfred |date=July 8, 2020 |title=Film Review: The triumphs and layered questions of Daniel Etim Effiong's Skin |url=https://ynaija.com/film-review-the-moral-failures-of-daniel-etim-effiongs-skin/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |website=YNaija}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nwosu |first=IK |date=July 7, 2020 |title=Beverly Naya's &quot;Skin&quot; Has Helped Young Girls Reconsider Bleaching |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/07/beverly-naya-skin-documentary-exclusive-interview/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 10, 2020 |title=Beverly Naya's &quot;Skin&quot; Documentary Is Coming To Netflix Soon |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/beverly-naya-skin-documentary/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2021, ya fito a cikin Collision Course, fim din [[Bolanle Austen-Peters]] wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar [[End SARS|#EndSars]]. A wannan shekarar, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a karo na biyu na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na shari'a na Netflix, ''Castle da Castle.'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kan |first=Toni |date=2022-08-28 |title=Echoes of #Endsars as &quot;Collision Course&quot; wows towards Netflix premiere — Chris Iheuwa |url=https://thelagosreview.ng/echoes-of-endsars-as-collision-course-wows-towards-netflix-premiere-chris-iheuwa/ |access-date=2025-11-29 |website=The Lagos Review |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya sami lambar yabo ta Mafi kyawun Actor saboda rawar da ya taka a ''[[Kofa (fim 2022)|Kofa]]'' a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a 2022 kuma an zabi shi don Mafi kyawun A actor a 2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards . Ya kuma sami gabatarwa ga [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] don Mafi kyawun Actor a Matsayin Jagora don Jolly Roger, wasan kwaikwayo na aikata laifuka na Netflix. Ya bayyana a cikin Blood Sisters, mai ban tsoro da kuma jerin shirye-shiryen Najeriya na farko na Netflix wanda ya kai saman 10 a cikin ƙasashe 30.  ''Selina,'' wanda aka saki don YouTube, ya kasance sananne ne don kasancewa misali na farko na yiwuwar kudi na dandalin gudana ga masu shirya fina-finai na Nollywood. Fim din ya fito da Etim Effiong da Bunmi Akingbola a matsayin masoya biyu daga asali daban-daban. Masu sauraro sun karɓa sosai kuma ''Selena 2'' da ''Selena 3'' sun biyo baya a wannan shekarar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-02-12 |title=The 20 Greatest Romantic Nollywood Films of All Time - What Kept Me Up |url=https://whatkeptmeup.com/nollywood-movies/the-20-greatest-romantic-nollywood-films-of-all-time/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2023, ya fito a fina-finai da yawa, ciki har da A Weekend To Forget, wanda ya yi aiki sosai a ofishin jakadancin Najeriya; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Top-Grossing Films of 2023 &amp; 2024 – BusinessDay Intelligence |url=https://businessdayintelligence.ng/the-top-grossing-films-of-2023-2024/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251206175940/https://businessdayintelligence.ng/the-top-grossing-films-of-2023-2024/ |archive-date=2025-12-06 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; fim din [[Niyi Akinmolayan]] [[Mikolo (fim)|''Mikolo'']], fim din rayuwa da fim din fantasy na iyali; Different Strokes, wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na [[Biodun Stephen]]; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Different Strokes {{!}} Nollywood Reinvented |url=https://nollywoodreinvented.com/2024/03/different-strokes.html |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; da ''Selina''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s Wedding, kashi na huɗu na jerin fina-fukan Selina. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Selina's Wedding {{!}} Nollywood Reinvented |url=https://nollywoodreinvented.com/2023/10/selinas-wedding.html |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kuma fito a cikin A Young Time Ago  da Lily of the Valley, fitowar YouTube tare da [[Nancy Isime]] .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-09-08 |title=&quot;A Young Time Ago&quot; Review: Subtle but Visible Misogyny Takes Front Row in the Tolu Lordtanner-Directed Drama - Afrocritik |url=https://afrocritik.com/a-young-time-ago-review-subtle-but-visible-misogyny-takes-front-row-in-the-tolu-lordtanner-directed-drama/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2024, ya fito a cikin ''[[Òlóturé|Olotūré]]'': The Journey, wani jerin shirye-shiryen Netflix da suka biyo bayan wasan kwaikwayo na Mo Abudu wanda ya samar da Òlòtûré (2019).

A cikin 2025, ya ba da umarni kuma ya fito a cikin The Herd, wani labari mai ban tsoro wanda ya biyo bayan sace wani rukuni na mutane da 'yan bindiga da ke nuna kansu a matsayin makiyaya. An sake shi a cikin fina-finai a watan Oktoba, an fara shi a Netflix a ranar 21 ga watan Nuwamba, ya kai lamba daya a kan jadawalin Najeriya na dandalin. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dufe |first=Sahndra Fon |date=2025-11-24 |title=Daniel Etim Effiong's &quot;The Herd&quot; Arrives on No 1 on Netflix Nigeria - And the Conversation Has Already Begun |url=https://www.blackfilmwire.com/post/daniel-etim-effiong-s-the-herd-arrives-on-no-1-on-netflix-nigeria-and-the-conversation-has-alrea |access-date=2025-11-28 |website=Black Film Wire |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hotunan fina-finai ==

=== Shirye-shiryen talabijin ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
!Taken
!Matsayi
!Bayani
!Ref
|-
|2020
|''Mataimakin Madams''
|
|1 fitowar
|
|-
|2019
|''Gidan sarauta da Gidan sarauniya''
|Mike Amenechi
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2018-08-01 |title=Will Remi be able to handle this Moral Dilemma? Watch episode 5 of Castle &amp; Castle Exclusively on EbonylifeON |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/08/episode-5-castle-castle-only-ebonylifeon/ |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2018–
|''[[The Men's Club (Nigerian web series)|Kungiyar Maza]]''
|Lanre
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-11-12 |title=Full biography of Nollywood actor Daniel Etim Effiong and other facts about him |url=https://dnbstories.com/2020/11/full-biography-of-nollywood-actor-daniel-etim-effiong.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=DNB Stories |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2013
|''[[Gidi Up]]''
|Folarin
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2012
|''Goddammit Litinin ne''
|Mata
|Abubuwa 2
|
|-
|2021
|''Castle &amp;amp;amp; Castle''
|Mike Amenechi
|Abubuwa 15
|
|-
|2022
|''[[Sisters Blood (2022 TV series)|&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yan uwa mata na jini]]''
|Aikin
|Abubuwa 4
|
|-
|2024
|''Oloture: Tafiyar''
|Tony
|Abubuwa 3
|
|}

=== Fim din ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:auto; background:#fff;&quot;
!Shekara
!Taken
!Matsayi
!Bayani
!Ref
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2025
|''[[The Herd (fim na 2025)|Garken]]''
|
|Har ila yau darektan
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''[[Aso Ebi Diaries|Rubuce-rubucen Aso Ebi]]''
|
|[[Biodun Stephen]] ne ya shirya
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |2023
|''Barage''
|Matsakaicin
|Emmanuel Akaemeh ne ya shirya
|
|-
|''Bikin auren Selina''
|Ruuben
|tare da Bimbo Ademoye, Oluwaseun Ayinde
|
|-
|''Lokacin Ƙuruciya da ya gabata''
|Tsohon Tayo
|tare da Sophie Alakija, Omobola Akinde
|
|-
|''[[A Weekend To Forget (fim)|A karshen mako da za a manta da shi]]''
|Shima
|Damola Ademola ne ya shirya
|
|-
|''Lily na kwarin''
|Bily
|tare da Nancy Isime, Olaye Benjamin
|
|-
|''[[Mikolo (fim)|Mikolo]]''
|Maleek (mahaifin) 
|Niyi Akinmolayan ne ya shirya
|&lt;ref name=&quot;MilMstImpFilm_Med&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Titiloye |first=Ladipo |date=2023-08-24 |title=Why Niyi Akinmolayan's Mikolo is Nigeria's Most Important Film of the Year |url=https://ladipotitiloye.medium.com/why-niyi-akinmolayans-mikolo-is-nigeria-s-most-important-film-of-the-year-61591c4e2c9d |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=Medium |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Strokes daban-daban''
|Khalid
|Tare da Lateef Adedimeji, Shaffy Bello
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2022
|''[[Kofa (fim 2022)|Kofa]]''
|Wale
|Kyautar AFRIFF da kuma gabatarwa ta AMVCA
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 November 2022 |title=Jude Idada's 'Kofa' nabs 3 major awards at AFRIFF 2022 {{!}} Pulse Nigeria |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/jude-idadas-kofa-nabs-3-major-awards-at-afriff-2022/nlhklnp |access-date=2022-11-16 |website=www.pulse.ng |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116104953/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/jude-idadas-kofa-nabs-3-major-awards-at-afriff-2022/nlhklnp |archive-date=2022-11-16 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Selina''
|Ruuben
|Tare da Bimbo Ademoye, Ivy Antiev
|
|-
|''Mai farin ciki Roger''
|Ruwa
|Nomin da aka samu a gasar cin kofin fim din Afirka
|
|-
|2021
|''[[Still Falling|Har yanzu yana faɗuwa]]''
|Kyaftin Lagi
|Tare da [[Sharon Ooja]]
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2020
|''Fata''
|Daraktan
|Shirin da ke nuna [[Eku Edewor]] da [[Beverly Naya]]
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=SKIN |url=https://www.urbanworld.org/2019/skin |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Urbanworld |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Guguwa''
|Guguwa
|Gajeren fim tare da [[Diane Russet]]
|
|-
|''Kashi na Kifi''
|Sufeto
|Takaitaccen fim tare da [[Shafy Bello]] da Moshood Fattah
|&lt;ref name=&quot;bellanaija.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2020-05-01 |title=Editi Effiong's &quot;Fishbone&quot; Is Perfect for Movie Night {{!}} Watch on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/05/fishbone-movie-editi-effiong/ |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2019
|''[[Òlóturé|Olotūré]]''
|Tony
|Tare da Beverly Osu, Blossom Chukwujekwu, Ada Ameh
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=nollywoodreinvented |date=2020-10-05 |title=Òlòtūré |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2020/10/oloture.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Nollywood Reinvented |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''[[Makate Must Sell|Dole ne a sayar da shi]]''
|Gbenro
|Tare da Igwe 2pac, Toyin Ibrahim, Diipo Adeusi
|
|-
|''[[Plan B (2019 fim)|Shirin B]]''
|Dele Coker
|Matsayin jagora
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=nollywoodreinvented |date=2019-02-15 |title=Plan B |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2019/02/plan-b.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Nollywood Reinvented |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2018
|''[[New Money (fim na 2018)|Sabon Kudi]]''
|Ganiyu Osamede
|Tare da Dakore Akande
|
|-
|2017
|''Abin da aka fara ganinsa''
|Daraktan
|Takaitaccen ɗan gajeren lokaci
|&lt;ref name=&quot;bellanaija.com&quot; /&gt;
|}

== Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
!Kyautar
!Sashe
!Fim din
!Sakamakon
!Ref
|-
|2022
|[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]]
|Mafi kyawun Actor a Matsayin Jagora
|''Mai farin ciki Roger''|{{Nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Africa Movie Academy Awards: Adjetey Anang wins, check out full list of winners – MyJoyOnline |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/africa-movie-academy-awards-adjetey-anang-wins-check-out-full-list-of-winners/ |access-date=2025-02-14 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2022
|[[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka]]
|Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Drama, Movie ko TV Series
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |''Kofa''|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2023
|[[2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]]
|Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Comedy Drama, Movie ko TV Series|{{Nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |url=https://dstv-fe-africamagic-prod.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/africamagic/en-ng/show/amvca/season/9/news/full-list-here-are-all-our-amvca-9-nominees/news |access-date=2023-04-23 |website=AMVCA – Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |language=en}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lawal 2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lawal |first=Khadijat |date=2023-05-21 |title=AMVCA 2023: Full List Of Winners |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2023/05/21/amvca-2023-full-list-of-winners/amp/ |access-date=2023-06-10 |website=Channels Television |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601123410/https://www.channelstv.com/2023/05/21/amvca-2023-full-list-of-winners/amp/ |archive-date=2023-06-01 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Ainihin Eong ya auri Toyosi Etim-Effiong tun daga 4 ga Nuwamba 2017. Sun fara haduwa a watan Agustan 2016 yayin da suke aiki a kan aikin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 28, 2017 |title=WEDDINGSBN Celebrity Weddings: Toyosi Phillips &amp; Daniel Etim Effiong's #3StrandCord #YorubaEfikMergerBellaNaija Weddings |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/11/toyosi-phillips-and-etim-effiongs-3strandcord-wedding/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ma'auratan sun yi maraba da ɗansu na farko, jariri, a watan Janairun 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 16, 2019 |title=Toyosi and Daniel Etim Effiong's baby girl is here and she is so cute! |url=https://www.informationnigeria.com/2019/01/toyosi-and-daniel-etim-effiongs-baby-girl-is-here-and-she-is-so-cute.html |access-date=October 22, 2020 |publisher=Information Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

== Haɗin waje ==

* [[IMDb]].com/name/nm5652097/&quot; id=&quot;mwBDE&quot; rel=&quot;mw:ExtLink nofollow&quot;&gt;Daniel Etim Effiong a kan IMDb
* {{Twitter|eetimm|Daniel Etim Effiong}}
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Clare Ezeakacha</title>
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'''Clare Ezeakacha''' // i (an haife ta a ranar 26 ga Mayu, 1985) [[Ɗan wasa|'Yar wasan kwaikwayo]] ce ta Najeriya, furodusa, darektan fina-finai [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]], mai watsa shirye-shirye kuma mai ba da shawara ga yara da aka sani da fina-fakkawarta ''Arima'' da Gone Grey . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 April 2017 |title=Actress, Clare Ezeakacha Exposes ‘The Employee’ |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/248790/actress-clare-ezeakacha-exposes-the-employee.html |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 May 2017 |title=Charming Nollywood Movie Producer, Clare Ezeakacha Celebrates Birthday With Darling Photos |url=https://diamondcelebrities.org/2017/05/26/charming-nollywood-movie-producer-clare-ezeakacha-celebrates-birthday-with-darling-photos/ |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=diamondcelebrities.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 April 2017 |title=I Was Supposed to be a Reverend Sister…Nollywood Producer, Clare Ezeakacha |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/249858/i-was-supposed-to-be-a-reverend-sisternollywood-producer-c.html |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=thenigerianvoice.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 May 2017 |title=After 5years at The Convent, My Parents Were Asked to Take me Away…Producer, Clare Ezeakacha |url=https://www.nollywoodgists.com/news/46325/after-5years-at-the-convent-my-parents-were-asked-.html |access-date=9 August 2021 |website=nollywoodgists.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 July 2017 |title=ARIMA |url=https://worldfilmfair.com/film/arima |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809181017/https://worldfilmfair.com/film/arima |archive-date=9 August 2021 |access-date=9 August 2021 |website=worldfilmfair.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Message box/ambox.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
Clare ta fara aikinta a shekara ta 2011 a matsayin mutum mai suna air. A shekara ta 2016, ta shiga cikin Yin fim kuma ta samar da kuma ba da umarnin fina-finai da yawa na nollywood, ciki har da: &quot;Jack of All Trade&quot;, &quot;Two Wrongs&quot;, &quot;Arima&quot; da &quot;Smok&quot; wanda aka zaba don Mafi Kyawun Gajeren Gasar a [[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka]] na 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 November 2018 |title=final selection 2018 |url=https://afriff.com/final-selection-2018/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809182512/https://afriff.com/final-selection-2018/ |archive-date=9 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=afriff.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zaɓaɓɓen fim (a matsayin darektan) ==

* Shan sigari (2018) 
* ''Arima'' (2017) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 July 2017 |title=Arima |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7298372/ |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=imdb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ordinary Fellow (2018) (Mataimakin darektan) 

== Zaɓin fim ɗin (a matsayin mai gabatarwa) ==

* ''Ya tafi Grey'' (2016) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 March 2016 |title=Kidnappers Turn Against Their Leader After Kidnapping Millionaire |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/76-behind-the-scene/36359-kidnappers-turn-against-their-leader-after-kidnapping-millionaire |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=nigeriafilms.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809181008/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/76-behind-the-scene/36359-kidnappers-turn-against-their-leader-after-kidnapping-millionaire |archive-date=9 August 2021 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 July 2016 |title=Xplore Reviews: Gone Grey |url=https://xplorenollywood.com/xplore-reviews-gone-grey/ |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=xplorenollywood.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Arima'' (2017) 
* ''Ma'aikaci'' (2017) 
* Mystified (2017) (abokin hulɗa) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 September 2017 |title=Clare Ezeakacha |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9229615/?ref_=tt_ov_dr |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=imdb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''JOAT, Jack na Duk Kasuwanci'' (2017) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 June 2017 |title=Actor, Rotimi Salami is now Jack of all Trade ‘JOAT’ |url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/31709/actor-rotimi-salami-is-now-jack-of-all-trade.html |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=modernghana.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Kuskuren Biyu (2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 December 2019 |title=Two Wrongs |url=https://www.kinopoisk.ru/film/4496849/cast/ |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=kinopoisk.ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Abokai Kawai'' (2020) 

== Kyautar ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Shekara
!Kyautar
!Sashe
!Fim din
!Sakamakon
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2018
|[[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka]]
|''Mafi Kyawun Takaitaccen''
|Shan sigari | {{Nom}}
|-
|}

* [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya]]

== manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1986]]
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    <title>Harsunan Volta-Congo</title>
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      <text bytes="2758" sha1="qnloe08kccyh9gp415xt8zyet8vqb3a" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
[[Fayil:Map of the Volta–Congo languages.svg|thumb|ya yaren '''Volta-Congo''']]
'''Volta-Congo''' babban reshe ne na [[Harsunan Atlantic-Congo|dangin Atlantic-Congo]].Ya haɗa da duk harsunan Nijar-Congo da ƙauyuka in ban da iyalan tsohon reshen Atlantic da Kordofania, Mande, Dogon, da [[Harshen Ijaw|Ijo]]. Don haka kawai ya bambanta da [[Harsunan Atlantic-Congo|Atlantic – Kongo]] saboda ya keɓanta harsunan Atlantika kuma, a wasu ra'ayoyi, Kru da Senufo.

A cikin akwatin info da ke hannun dama, harsunan da suka bayyana sun fi bambanta (ciki har da Senufo da Kru masu ban mamaki, waɗanda ba za su iya zama Volta-Congo ba kwata-kwata) ana sanya su a saman, yayin da waɗanda ke kusa da ainihin (irin wannan &quot; Benue – Kwa” reshen Kwa, Volta – Niger da [[Harsunan Benue-Congo|Benue – Kongo]] ) suna kusa da kasa.&lt;ref&gt;Roger Blench, [http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Niger-Congo/General/Niger-Congo%20an%20alternative%20view.pdf Niger-Congo: an alternative view] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121203022520/http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Niger-Congo/General/Niger-Congo%20an%20alternative%20view.pdf |date=2012-12-03 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Idan rassan Kwa ko Savannas sun tabbata ba su da inganci, bishiyar za ta fi cunkoso.
[[Fayil:Volta in Ghana 2018.svg|thumb|yan '''yaren Volta-Congo a ghana''']]

== Rarrabuwa ==
Binciken kwatankwacin harshe na John M. Stewart a cikin shekaru sittin da saba'in ya taimaka wajen kafa haɗin kan halittar Volta-Congo kuma ya ba da haske kan tsarinsa na ciki, amma sakamakon ya kasance mai ƙima. Williamson and Blench (2000) lura cewa a lokuta da yawa yana da wahala a zana filla-filla a tsakanin rassan Volta – Kongo kuma suna ba da shawarar cewa wannan na iya nuna bambance-bambancen ci gaba da yare maimakon bayyana rabe-raben iyalai. Bennet ne ya gabatar da wannan shawara a baya (1983 kamar yadda aka kawo a Williamson and Blench 2000:17) game da harsunan Gur da Adamawa–Ubangi, wanda baya ga Ubangian yanzu an haɗa su a matsayin Savannas . Sauran rassan sune Kru, Senufo, Kwa, da [[Harsunan Benue-Congo|Benue – Kongo]], wanda ya haɗa da sanannun kuma musamman ƙungiyar Bantu . Dangantakar Kwa da Benue – Kongo (mai suna ''Benue–Kwa'' ), da kuma reshen gabas da yamma na Benue–Congo da juna, ya kasance a cikin duhu.

Tsarin wasali na harsunan Volta-Congo sun kasance batun muhawarar harshe na kwatankwacin tarihi. Casali (1995) ya kare hasashe cewa Proto-Volta–Congo yana da tsarin wasali tara ko goma wanda ke amfani da jituwar wasali kuma an rage wannan saitin zuwa tsarin wasali bakwai a yawancin harsunan Volta-Congo. Harsunan Dutsen Ghana-Togo misalai ne na harsunan da ake samun tsarin wasali tara ko goma.

== Magana ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Harsuna]]</text>
      <sha1>qnloe08kccyh9gp415xt8zyet8vqb3a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hahm Eun-jung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>67817</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969600</id>
      <parentid>886263</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T16:55:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Nura Bello</username>
        <id>24854</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>969600</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3279" sha1="odid73xvtn3lj91ugve8iyt2487p3zu" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Hahm Eun-jung'''&lt;ref&gt;https://www.starnewskorea.com/stview.php?no=2010071611414614578&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20100709065145/http://www.sportsseoul.com/news2/entertain/broad/2010/0704/20100704101040200000000_8490281361.html&lt;/ref&gt; (an haife ta 2015, wanda ya ci gaba da lashe ta The Best Female Artist a V Chart Awards, babbar dandalin raba bidiyo ta kasar Sin. Ayyukan Hahm sun wuce kiɗa da fina-finai - ta shiga cikin samfurin, karɓar bakuncin, da talabijin. Ta dauki bakuncin abubuwan da suka faru sama da 15 daga Dream Concert zuwa Grand Bell Awards da Jecheon International Music &amp; Film Festival . A shekara ta 2012, ta zama gunkin farko da ya dauki bakuncin Asabar Night Live Korea, wanda ya jawo darajar 1.444%, mafi girman darajar wasan kwaikwayon a lokacin.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.sanook.com/music/2378361/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=009&amp;aid=0004902672&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20110614093323/http://movie.daum.net/moviedetail/moviedetailArticleRead.do?movieId=58277&amp;articleId=1485964&amp;type=all&amp;t__nil_main_news=text&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20220227155406/https://www.hankyung.com/life/article/202202250262k&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20190226060200005?input=1195m&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
haifi Hahm&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20120426064223/http://10.asiae.co.kr/Articles/new_view.htm?sec=ent0&amp;a_id=2010122818193298415&lt;/ref&gt; a Sanggye-dong, Nowon-gu, [[Seoul]], Koriya ta Kudu. Mahaifiyarta, wacce ta kammala karatu a Jami'ar Ewha Womans, tsohuwar malamin piano ce wacce ke aiki a matsayin wakilin Hahm. Yayinda yake halartar aji na bakwai, Hahm ya fara darussan Taekwondo kuma ya lashe gasa daban-daban guda uku. Mahaifiyarta ta yanke shawarar barin koyarwa da gudanar da aikinta bayan kammala karatun sakandare a 2007. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Hahm ta shiga Jami'ar Dongguk inda ta dauki darussan wasan kwaikwayo.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20110614093345/http://movie.daum.net/moviedetail/moviedetailArticleRead.do?movieId=58277&amp;articleId=1484157&amp;type=all&amp;t__nil_main_news=text&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Elsie Hahm at 2015 Summer K-POP Festival.jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:Elsie Hahm performing at 13rd Mini Album Showcase in June 2017 02.png|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:Eunjung headshot.jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:170614 티아라 쇼케이스 직찍 (14).jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:Ham Eun-Jung.jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
Ita kaɗai  kuma an nakalto ta tana bayanin cewa, &quot;Mahaifiyata ta haife ni shekaru 10 bayan ta auri mahaifina, wanda ya fi jin zafi. Bayan kallon shahararrun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da yawa a baya, ta so ta zama 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. Yanzu da nake da ita, tana farin ciki sosai da yin aiki a matsayin fifiko. Ta yi imanin an amsa addu'unanta na asali.&lt;ref&gt;http://entertain.naver.com/read?aid=0001024749&amp;oid=057&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/202012182591H |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-01-25 |archive-date=2021-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425015923/https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/202012182591H |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=417&amp;aid=0000882761&lt;/ref&gt;

==Manazarta== 
{{Reflist}} 
[[Category:Haifaffun 1988]]</text>
      <sha1>odid73xvtn3lj91ugve8iyt2487p3zu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969838</id>
      <parentid>969600</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:56:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>969838</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3288" sha1="fid9lgcfce5kdi1s20ck6e4bixhxl9g" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Hahm Eun-jung'''&lt;ref&gt;https://www.starnewskorea.com/stview.php?no=2010071611414614578&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20100709065145/http://www.sportsseoul.com/news2/entertain/broad/2010/0704/20100704101040200000000_8490281361.html&lt;/ref&gt; (an haife ta shekarar 2015, wanda ya ci gaba da lashe ta The Best Female Artist a V Chart Awards, babbar dandalin raba bidiyo ta kasar Sin. Ayyukan Hahm sun wuce kiɗa da fina-finai - ta shiga cikin samfurin, karɓar bakuncin, da talabijin. Ta dauki bakuncin abubuwan da suka faru sama da 15 daga Dream Concert zuwa Grand Bell Awards da Jecheon International Music &amp; Film Festival . A shekara ta 2012, ta zama gunkin farko da ya dauki bakuncin Asabar Night Live Korea, wanda ya jawo darajar 1.444%, mafi girman darajar wasan kwaikwayon a lokacin.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.sanook.com/music/2378361/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=009&amp;aid=0004902672&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20110614093323/http://movie.daum.net/moviedetail/moviedetailArticleRead.do?movieId=58277&amp;articleId=1485964&amp;type=all&amp;t__nil_main_news=text&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20220227155406/https://www.hankyung.com/life/article/202202250262k&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20190226060200005?input=1195m&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
haifi Hahm&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20120426064223/http://10.asiae.co.kr/Articles/new_view.htm?sec=ent0&amp;a_id=2010122818193298415&lt;/ref&gt; a Sanggye-dong, Nowon-gu, [[Seoul]], Koriya ta Kudu. Mahaifiyarta, wacce ta kammala karatu a Jami'ar Ewha Womans, tsohuwar malamin piano ce wacce ke aiki a matsayin wakilin Hahm. Yayinda yake halartar aji na bakwai, Hahm ya fara darussan Taekwondo kuma ya lashe gasa daban-daban guda uku. Mahaifiyarta ta yanke shawarar barin koyarwa da gudanar da aikinta bayan kammala karatun sakandare a 2007. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Hahm ta shiga Jami'ar Dongguk inda ta dauki darussan wasan kwaikwayo.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20110614093345/http://movie.daum.net/moviedetail/moviedetailArticleRead.do?movieId=58277&amp;articleId=1484157&amp;type=all&amp;t__nil_main_news=text&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Elsie Hahm at 2015 Summer K-POP Festival.jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:Elsie Hahm performing at 13rd Mini Album Showcase in June 2017 02.png|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:Eunjung headshot.jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:170614 티아라 쇼케이스 직찍 (14).jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:Ham Eun-Jung.jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
Ita kaɗai  kuma an nakalto ta tana bayanin cewa, &quot;Mahaifiyata ta haife ni shekaru 10 bayan ta auri mahaifina, wanda ya fi jin zafi. Bayan kallon shahararrun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da yawa a baya, ta so ta zama 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. Yanzu da nake da ita, tana farin ciki sosai da yin aiki a matsayin fifiko. Ta yi imanin an amsa addu'unanta na asali.&lt;ref&gt;http://entertain.naver.com/read?aid=0001024749&amp;oid=057&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/202012182591H |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-01-25 |archive-date=2021-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425015923/https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/202012182591H |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=417&amp;aid=0000882761&lt;/ref&gt;

==Manazarta== 
{{Reflist}} 
[[Category:Haifaffun 1988]]</text>
      <sha1>fid9lgcfce5kdi1s20ck6e4bixhxl9g</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969839</id>
      <parentid>969838</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:57:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>969839</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3310" sha1="0l0ccvsaey1xnial3efi1fywn5qtt8d" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Hahm Eun-jung'''&lt;ref&gt;https://www.starnewskorea.com/stview.php?no=2010071611414614578&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20100709065145/http://www.sportsseoul.com/news2/entertain/broad/2010/0704/20100704101040200000000_8490281361.html&lt;/ref&gt; (an haife ta shekarar 2015, wanda ya ci gaba da lashe ta The Best Female Artist a V Chart Awards, babbar dandalin raba bidiyo ta kasar Sin. Ayyukan Hahm sun wuce kiɗa da fina-finai - ta shiga cikin samfurin, karɓar bakuncin, da talabijin. Ta dauki bakuncin abubuwan da suka faru sama da 15 daga Dream Concert zuwa Grand Bell Awards da Jecheon International Music &amp; Film Festival . A shekara ta dubu Biyu da sha biyu 2012, ta zama gunkin farko da ya dauki bakuncin Asabar Night Live Korea, wanda ya jawo darajar 1.444%, mafi girman darajar wasan kwaikwayon a lokacin.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.sanook.com/music/2378361/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=009&amp;aid=0004902672&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20110614093323/http://movie.daum.net/moviedetail/moviedetailArticleRead.do?movieId=58277&amp;articleId=1485964&amp;type=all&amp;t__nil_main_news=text&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20220227155406/https://www.hankyung.com/life/article/202202250262k&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20190226060200005?input=1195m&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
haifi Hahm&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20120426064223/http://10.asiae.co.kr/Articles/new_view.htm?sec=ent0&amp;a_id=2010122818193298415&lt;/ref&gt; a Sanggye-dong, Nowon-gu, [[Seoul]], Koriya ta Kudu. Mahaifiyarta, wacce ta kammala karatu a Jami'ar Ewha Womans, tsohuwar malamin piano ce wacce ke aiki a matsayin wakilin Hahm. Yayinda yake halartar aji na bakwai, Hahm ya fara darussan Taekwondo kuma ya lashe gasa daban-daban guda uku. Mahaifiyarta ta yanke shawarar barin koyarwa da gudanar da aikinta bayan kammala karatun sakandare a 2007. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, Hahm ta shiga Jami'ar Dongguk inda ta dauki darussan wasan kwaikwayo.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20110614093345/http://movie.daum.net/moviedetail/moviedetailArticleRead.do?movieId=58277&amp;articleId=1484157&amp;type=all&amp;t__nil_main_news=text&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Elsie Hahm at 2015 Summer K-POP Festival.jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:Elsie Hahm performing at 13rd Mini Album Showcase in June 2017 02.png|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:Eunjung headshot.jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:170614 티아라 쇼케이스 직찍 (14).jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
[[Fayil:Ham Eun-Jung.jpg|thumb|Hahm Eun-jung]]
Ita kaɗai  kuma an nakalto ta tana bayanin cewa, &quot;Mahaifiyata ta haife ni shekaru 10 bayan ta auri mahaifina, wanda ya fi jin zafi. Bayan kallon shahararrun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da yawa a baya, ta so ta zama 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. Yanzu da nake da ita, tana farin ciki sosai da yin aiki a matsayin fifiko. Ta yi imanin an amsa addu'unanta na asali.&lt;ref&gt;http://entertain.naver.com/read?aid=0001024749&amp;oid=057&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/202012182591H |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-01-25 |archive-date=2021-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425015923/https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/202012182591H |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=417&amp;aid=0000882761&lt;/ref&gt;

==Manazarta== 
{{Reflist}} 
[[Category:Haifaffun 1988]]</text>
      <sha1>0l0ccvsaey1xnial3efi1fywn5qtt8d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jhony Arteaga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>67837</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969785</id>
      <parentid>498529</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T09:34:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Nura Bello</username>
        <id>24854</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>969785</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1739" sha1="py7fzqciidzunvx1ta0e2a8e54pkuc7" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
[[Fayil:Planes de Clase usando Wikipedia en Bolivia.pdf|thumb|Alakar jhony da wiki]]
'''Jhony David Arteaga Castillo'''&lt;ref&gt;https://iwf.sport/2023/03/28/bariloche-day-1-usa-mexico-and-venezuela-start-with-gold/&lt;/ref&gt; (an haife shi ne ranar 29 ga watan Yuli, a shekarar 2001)  ɗan wasan motsa jiki ne na ƙasar Ecuador. Ya lashe lambar azurfa a taron da ya yi a gasar zakarun Pan American Weightlifting ta shekarar 2023 da aka gudanar a Bariloche, Argentina. Ya kuma lashe lambobin yabo biyu a Wasannin Bolivarian na 2022 da aka gudanar a Valledupar, Colombia .&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20220730112107/https://panampesas.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/RESULTBOOK.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20220830203149/https://www.bolivarianosvalledupar.com/medalleria/deporte/2439&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Nasarorin da aka samu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wurin da ake ciki
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Nauyin nauyi
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Rashin jaraba (kg)
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Tsabtace &amp; Jerk (kg)
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Matsayi
|-
!1
!2
!3
!Matsayi
!1
!2
!3
!Matsayi
|-
! colspan=&quot;13&quot; |Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya
|-
|2022
|Bogotá, Colombia
|55 kg
|100
|'''104'''
|&lt;s&gt;106&lt;/s&gt;
|12
|120
|'''125'''
|&lt;s&gt;127&lt;/s&gt;
|11
|'''229'''
|11
|-
! colspan=&quot;13&quot; |Gasar Cin Kofin Pan American
|-
|2022
|Bogotá, Colombia
|55 kg
|96
|101
|'''103'''
|
|120
|'''124'''
|&lt;s&gt;127&lt;/s&gt;
|4
|'''227'''
|4
|-
|2023
|Bariloche, Argentina
|55 kg
|&lt;s&gt;100&lt;/s&gt;
|100
|'''102'''
|
|120
|124
|'''126'''
|4
|'''228'''
|
|-
! colspan=&quot;13&quot; |Wasannin Bolivarian
|-
|2022
|Valledupar, Colombia
|55 kg
|93
|96
|'''98'''
|
|'''120'''
|&lt;s&gt;127&lt;/s&gt;
|&lt;s&gt;128&lt;/s&gt;
|
| -
| -
|}

==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}
[[category:Haifaffun 2001]]
[[category:Rayayyun Mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>py7fzqciidzunvx1ta0e2a8e54pkuc7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>The Arbitration</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>69313</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969585</id>
      <parentid>969381</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T16:32:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salma Raddah</username>
        <id>45959</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368206979|The Arbitration]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>969585</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2289" sha1="0j92cndjmrmfulqci4m154h4ejkfmc6" xml:space="preserve">
Arbitration fim ne na Wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya na 2016, wanda Chinaza Onuzo ya rubuta, wanda Niyi Akinmolayan ya jagoranta, kuma Chinaza Onuzu, Omotayo Adeola, da Zulu Oyibo. ne suka samar da shi. Tauraron fim din OC Ukeje, Adesua Etomi, Iretiola Doyle da Somkele Iyamah-Idhalama .

== Bayani game da shi ==
Gbenga ɗan kasuwa ne mai ban sha'awa, yana gudanar da kamfani mai fa'ida sosai, kuma shi ne wanda ake tuhuma a cikin karar da Dara wani [[Injiniyan kwamfuta]] ya shigar, wanda baiwarsa ta taimaka wa kamfanin Gbenga ya sami girman da ya kai. abokan aiki su masoya ne waɗanda dangantakarsu ta ƙare lokacin da Gbenga ta gano cewa matarsa tana da ciki da wanda ake zaton zai zama ɗan fari. Shari'arta ta nemi diyya ga waɗancan asusun, kuma Dara ta kai karar Gbenga don tilasta mata yin jima'i (wanda ya zama fyade).

== Masu ba da labari ==

* [[OC Ukeje]] a matsayin Mista Gbenga
* [[Adesua Etomi]] a matsayin Dara Olujobi
* [[Iretiola Doyle]] a matsayin Funlaya Johnson
* [[Somkele Iyamah|Somkele Iyamah-Idhalama]] a matsayin Omawumi Horsfall
* [[Lota Chukwu]] a matsayin Faridah
* Pius Fatoke a matsayin Dean
* Sola Fosudo a matsayin Tomisin Bucknor
* [[Beverly Naya]] a matsayin Chiama Sanni
* [[Gregory Ojefua]] a matsayin Chijioke Utah
* [[Bimbo Ademoye]] a matsayin Ebele
* Owolo Hosana a matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin
* Austin Nwaolie a matsayin Henchman
* Isaiah Ogunowo a matsayin Barman
* Bukola Ojeba a matsayin Ɗalibi

== Fitarwa ==
Shirin fim din ya faru ne a wurare a Legas. 

== Saki ==
An fitar da fim din a gidajen silima na Najeriya a ranar 12 ga watan Agusta 2016. An kuma fara shi a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Toronto . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Arbitration |url=http://www.tiff.net/films/the-arbitration |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170101162119/http://www.tiff.net/films/the-arbitration |archive-date=2017-01-01 |access-date=2016-12-31}}, The Arbitration - Toronto International Film Festival.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.pulse.ng/.../the-arbitration-watch-oc-ukeje-adesua-etomi-ireti-doyle-sola-fosudu-in-1st-teaser], &quot;The Arbitration&quot;: Watch Oc Ukeje, Adesua Etomi, Ireti Doyle, Sola Fosudu in 1st teaser. {{Dead link|date=January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
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      <id>969587</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-19T16:33:33Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Salma Raddah</username>
        <id>45959</id>
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Arbitration fim ne na Wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya na 2016, wanda Chinaza Onuzo ya rubuta, wanda Niyi Akinmolayan ya jagoranta, kuma Chinaza Onuzu, Omotayo Adeola, da Zulu Oyibo. ne suka samar da shi. Tauraron fim din OC Ukeje, Adesua Etomi, Iretiola Doyle da Somkele Iyamah-Idhalama .

== Bayani game da shi ==
Gbenga ɗan kasuwa ne mai ban sha'awa, yana gudanar da kamfani mai fa'ida sosai, kuma shi ne wanda ake tuhuma a cikin karar da Dara wani [[Injiniyan kwamfuta]] ya shigar, wanda baiwarsa ta taimaka wa kamfanin Gbenga ya sami girman da ya kai. abokan aiki su masoya ne waɗanda dangantakarsu ta ƙare lokacin da Gbenga ta gano cewa matarsa tana da ciki da wanda ake zaton zai zama ɗan fari. Shari'arta ta nemi diyya ga waɗancan asusun, kuma Dara ta kai karar Gbenga don tilasta mata yin jima'i (wanda ya zama fyade).

== Masu ba da labari ==

* [[OC Ukeje]] a matsayin Mista Gbenga
* [[Adesua Etomi]] a matsayin Dara Olujobi
* [[Iretiola Doyle]] a matsayin Funlaya Johnson
* [[Somkele Iyamah|Somkele Iyamah-Idhalama]] a matsayin Omawumi Horsfall
* [[Lota Chukwu]] a matsayin Faridah
* Pius Fatoke a matsayin Dean
* Sola Fosudo a matsayin Tomisin Bucknor
* [[Beverly Naya]] a matsayin Chiama Sanni
* [[Gregory Ojefua]] a matsayin Chijioke Utah
* [[Bimbo Ademoye]] a matsayin Ebele
* Owolo Hosana a matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin
* Austin Nwaolie a matsayin Henchman
* Isaiah Ogunowo a matsayin Barman
* Bukola Ojeba a matsayin Ɗalibi

== Fitarwa ==
Shirin fim din ya faru ne a wurare a Legas. 

== Saki ==
An fitar da fim din a gidajen silima na Najeriya a ranar 12 ga watan Agusta 2016. An kuma fara shi a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Toronto . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Arbitration |url=http://www.tiff.net/films/the-arbitration |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170101162119/http://www.tiff.net/films/the-arbitration |archive-date=2017-01-01 |access-date=2016-12-31}}, The Arbitration - Toronto International Film Festival.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.pulse.ng/.../the-arbitration-watch-oc-ukeje-adesua-etomi-ireti-doyle-sola-fosudu-in-1st-teaser], &quot;The Arbitration&quot;: Watch Oc Ukeje, Adesua Etomi, Ireti Doyle, Sola Fosudu in 1st teaser. {{Dead link|date=January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
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  <page>
    <title>Brother Jekwu</title>
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        <username>Salma Raddah</username>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374636285|Brother Jekwu]]&quot;</comment>
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Brother Jekwu fim ne mai ban dariya Na Najeriya na 2016 wanda Charles Uwagbai ya jagoranta, [1] wanda Mike Ezuruonye ya rubuta kuma ya samar da shi. [2][3] An sake shi a duk faɗin Cinemas a cikin 2016. [4][5]

== Makirci ==
Da yake neman nasarar daji, wani ɗan ƙauyen ya bi dan uwansa daga Najeriya zuwa Kenya kuma ya yi tuntuɓe cikin al'amuran kasuwanci na wani sanannen mai mulki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Editor |first=Op-ed |date=2016-12-18 |title=Movie review: The sometimes funny, twisted world of Brother Jekwu |url=https://ynaija.com/movie-review-sometimes-funny-twisted-world-brother-jekwu/ |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=YNaija |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=BBFC |title=Brother Jekwu |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/brother-jekwu-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc01mzi4nje |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=www.bbfc.co.uk |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Masu ba da labari ==
 

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>969589</id>
      <parentid>969588</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T16:35:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salma Raddah</username>
        <id>45959</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>969589</origin>
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      <text bytes="915" sha1="gbphkcqthn68xo5l7xdevgtf0ki4n8w" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

Brother Jekwu fim ne mai ban dariya Na Najeriya na 2016 wanda Charles Uwagbai ya jagoranta, [1] wanda Mike Ezuruonye ya rubuta kuma ya samar da shi. [2][3] An sake shi a duk faɗin Cinemas a cikin 2016. [4][5]

== Makirci ==
Da yake neman nasarar daji, wani ɗan ƙauyen ya bi dan uwansa daga Najeriya zuwa Kenya kuma ya yi tuntuɓe cikin al'amuran kasuwanci na wani sanannen mai mulki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Editor |first=Op-ed |date=2016-12-18 |title=Movie review: The sometimes funny, twisted world of Brother Jekwu |url=https://ynaija.com/movie-review-sometimes-funny-twisted-world-brother-jekwu/ |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=YNaija |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=BBFC |title=Brother Jekwu |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/brother-jekwu-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc01mzi4nje |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=www.bbfc.co.uk |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Masu ba da labari ==
 

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Marieme Ba</title>
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'''Marieme Ba''' (an haife ta a ranar 22 ga watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1998) 'yar wasan kwallon hannu ce ta Senegal a kungiyar US Alfortville da tawagar kasar Senegal.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Player Details Senegal – Marieme Ba |url=https://www.ihf.info/competitions/women/307/24th-ihf-womens-world-championship-2019/7819/players/18993 |publisher=[[International Handball Federation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ta yi gasa a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta 2019 a Japan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ihf.info/sites/default/files/competitions/459525eb-a3b4-457d-94b9-ed7d6afd3491/pdf/SEN.PDF |title=2019 Women's World Handball Championship; Japan – Team Roaster Senegal |publisher=[[International Handball Federation]] |access-date=1 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==

[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haihuwan 1998]]</text>
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'''Marieme Ba''' (an haife ta a ranar 22 ga watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1998) 'yar wasan kwallon hannu ce ta [[Senegal]] a kungiyar US Alfortville da tawagar kasar Senegal.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Player Details Senegal – Marieme Ba |url=https://www.ihf.info/competitions/women/307/24th-ihf-womens-world-championship-2019/7819/players/18993 |publisher=[[International Handball Federation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ta yi gasa a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta 2019 a Japan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ihf.info/sites/default/files/competitions/459525eb-a3b4-457d-94b9-ed7d6afd3491/pdf/SEN.PDF |title=2019 Women's World Handball Championship; Japan – Team Roaster Senegal |publisher=[[International Handball Federation]] |access-date=1 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==

[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haihuwan 1998]]</text>
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'''Marieme Ba''' (an haife ta a ranar 22 ga watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1998) 'yar wasan kwallon hannu ce ta [[Senegal]] a kungiyar [[US]] Alfortville da tawagar kasar Senegal.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Player Details Senegal – Marieme Ba |url=https://www.ihf.info/competitions/women/307/24th-ihf-womens-world-championship-2019/7819/players/18993 |publisher=[[International Handball Federation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ta yi gasa a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta 2019 a Japan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ihf.info/sites/default/files/competitions/459525eb-a3b4-457d-94b9-ed7d6afd3491/pdf/SEN.PDF |title=2019 Women's World Handball Championship; Japan – Team Roaster Senegal |publisher=[[International Handball Federation]] |access-date=1 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==

[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haihuwan 1998]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cartier Diarra</title>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
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'''Cartier Ducati Diarra,''' (an haife shi a watan Fabrairu 6, 1998) ɗan wasan [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] ne ɗan Kasar Amurka-Maliya wanda a halin yanzu yana taka leda a Cape, Town Tigers na Gasar Kwando ta Afirka (BAL). Ya buga wasan Kwallon kwando na kwaleji don Kansas State Wildcats da Virginia Tech Hokies .

== Tarihin Rayuwar sa. ==
Diarra ya girma a Harlem, New York, kuma ya karya ƙafarsa yana ɗan shekara biyu. Mahaifinsa dan kasar Mali ne. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Moser |first=Megan |date=2018-02-23 |title=I WONDER {{!}} How do I pronounce Diarra's name? |url=https://themercury.com/news/i-wonder-how-do-i-pronounce-diarras-name/article_47b1363e-766e-586e-887d-c4d9e9971cf6.html |access-date=2023-11-28 |website=The Mercury |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mahaifiyarsa, Danyelle Lee ta rene shi, tare da ’yan uwansa Abraham, Cyncere da LadiRoyale, kuma da wuya ya yi magana da mahaifinsa. Diarra ya girma yana ɗaukar darussan rawa a Uptown Dance Academy. A matsayinsa na sabon ɗan wasa, Diarra ya buga ƙwallon kwando don Makarantar Sakandare ta Cardinal Hayes a The Bronx, New York . &lt;ref name=&quot;woods&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Woods |first=Greg |date=November 10, 2017 |title=The life of Cartier Diarra: How a New York native found his way to the other Manhattan |url=https://themercury.com/k_state_sports/the-life-of-cartier-diarra-how-a-new-york-native-found-his-way-to-the/article_affa1070-fcec-54ff-bf48-f14b4240c6e3.html |access-date=May 9, 2020 |website=[[The Manhattan Mercury]] }}{{Dead link|date=April 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan shekara guda, ya koma makarantar sakandare ta West Florence a Florence, South Carolina, inda ya fara zama tare da innarsa, Lillian Shabazz. &lt;ref name=&quot;moore&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=CJ |date=November 12, 2019 |title=The World According to Cartier Diarra |url=https://theathletic.com/1362912/2019/11/12/the-world-according-to-cartier-diarra-kansas-state/ |access-date=May 9, 2020 |website=[[The Athletic]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:RJ Nembhard Cartier Diarra.jpg|thumb|Cartier Diarra]]
Diarra ya shiga kungiyar kwallon kwando ta West Florence duk da cewa ba shi da kwarewa sosai a wasan kwallon kwando. A matsayinsa na biyu, ya sami matsakaicin maki bakwai da sake dawowa 3.7 a kowane wasa. &lt;ref name=&quot;woods&quot;/&gt; Tsohon dan wasan ƙwallon kwando na Ƙasa Sharone Wright, wanda ɗansa ya yi abokantaka da Diarra, ya zama jagoransa kuma mahaifinsa. &lt;ref name=&quot;regan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Regan |first=Brett |date=April 13, 2016 |title=Diarra's basketball journey steers him to K-State |url=https://kansasstate.rivals.com/news/diarra-s-basketball-journey-steers-him-to-k-state |access-date=May 9, 2020 |publisher=KStateOnline}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na ƙarami, Diarra ya sami maki 12.9, sake dawowa 7.6, yana taimakawa 4.8 da sata 2.2 a kowane wasa. A cikin babban kakarsa, ya sami matsakaicin maki 18.8, sake dawowa 11, taimako 7.2, sata 3.6 da tubalan 2.1 a kowane wasa, yana yin rijista takwas sau uku-biyu . &lt;ref name=&quot;moore&quot;/&gt; An zabi Diarra Gwarzon Dan Wasan ''Labarai'' na Shekara. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chancey |first=Scott |date=March 20, 2016 |title=Boys Basketball Player of Year: West's Diarra credits slick moves on court to dancing background |url=https://www.scnow.com/sports/boys-basketball-player-of-year-wests-diarra-credits-slick-moves-on-court-to-dancing-background/article_fc2caa70-ee54-11e5-8104-d31636a40ea3.html |access-date=May 9, 2020 |website=[[The Morning News (American newspaper)|The Morning News]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425052701/https://scnow.com/sports/boys-basketball-player-of-year-wests-diarra-credits-slick-moves-on-court-to-dancing-background/article_fc2caa70-ee54-11e5-8104-d31636a40ea3.html |archive-date=April 25, 2024 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin koleji ==

=== Jihar Kansas ===
Diarra redshirted kakarsa ta farko a Jihar Kansas bayan ya sha wahala a tsagewar ligament na gaba, bur ya dawo da sauri kuma ya sami damar yin aiki tare da tawagar kuma ya kara karfi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Robinett |first=Kellis |date=October 20, 2017 |title=Bruce Weber sees bright future for K-State guard Cartier Diarra, when he dunks |url=https://www.kansas.com/sports/college/big-12/kansas-state/article180014741.html |access-date=May 26, 2020 |website=[[The Wichita Eagle]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar Nuwamba 10, 2017, ya fara halarta na kwaleji, yana yin rikodin maki 13 da taimako huɗu, yana harbi 4-of-4 daga kewayon maki uku, a cikin nasarar 83 – 45 akan Amurka . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Robinett |first=Kellis |date=November 10, 2017 |title=Kansas State throttles American 83-45 in season opener |url=https://www.kansascity.com/sports/college/big-12/kansas-state/article184047606.html |access-date=May 26, 2020 |website=[[The Kansas City Star]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Diarra ya fara fitowa daga benci amma ya fara yin tasiri nan da nan da zarar an sanya shi a matsayin farawa, bayan Kamau Stokes ya karya kafarsa ta hagu a kan Texas Tech a ranar 6 ga Janairu, 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Robinett |first=Kellis |date=January 28, 2018 |title=Cartier Diarra makes a name for himself as K-State point guard |url=https://www.kansas.com/sports/college/big-12/kansas-state/article197133794.html |access-date=May 26, 2020 |website=[[The Kansas City Star]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 13 ga Janairu, ya zira kwallaye a sabon kakar-maki 18, gami da 16 a rabi na biyu, a cikin asarar 73–72 zuwa Kansas mai matsayi na 12. &lt;ref name=&quot;bisel&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bisel |first=Tim |date=January 14, 2018 |title=K-State's Cartier Diarra becoming a name to remember — just ask Bill Self |url=https://www.cjonline.com/sports/hawkzone/catzone/2018-01-14/k-state-s-cartier-diarra-becoming-name-remember-just-ask-bill |access-date=May 26, 2020 |website=[[The Topeka Capital-Journal]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayin sabon ɗan wasa, Diarra ya sami maki 7.1, 2.5 rebounds da taimako biyu a kowane wasa. Ya harbe kashi 40.5 daga kewayon maki uku, na uku-mafi yawan ɗan sabo a tarihin shirin. &lt;ref name=&quot;kstate&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Cartier Diarra |url=https://www.kstatesports.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/cartier-diarra/6398 |access-date=May 26, 2020 |publisher=K-State Athletics}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Diarra ya rasa wasanni takwas na kakar sa ta biyu da karyewar yatsa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Green |first=Arne |date=March 13, 2019 |title=Wade out, Diarra in for opener |url=https://www.pratttribune.com/news/20190313/wade-out-diarra-in-for-opener |access-date=May 26, 2020 |website=[[The Pratt Tribune]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 15 ga Maris, 2019, a wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar Big 12 na 2019, ya zira kwallaye mafi girma na maki 15 kuma ya sami koma baya bakwai a cikin rashin nasara da ci 63 – 59 ga jihar Iowa . &lt;ref name=&quot;moore&quot;/&gt; A matsayinsa na biyu, Diarra ya sami maki 6.8, 3.3 rebounds da 1.7 yana taimakawa kowane wasa. &lt;ref name=&quot;kstate&quot;/&gt; A ranar 30 ga Disamba, a lokacin ƙaramar sa, an ba shi suna Big 12 Conference Player of the Week, kwana ɗaya bayan ya zira kwallaye mafi girman maki 25 don tafiya tare da taimako bakwai da sake dawowa biyar a nasarar 69 – 67 akan Tulsa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Black |first=Ryan |date=December 31, 2019 |title=Kansas State guard Cartier Diarra wins Big 12 Player of the Week award |url=https://themercury.com/k_state_sports/kansas-state-guard-cartier-diarra-wins-big-12-player-of-the-week-award/article_26b92623-5281-5799-9465-3c8c89e13179.html |access-date=May 26, 2020 |website=[[The Manhattan Mercury]]}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 18 ga Janairu, 2020, Diarra ya zira kwallaye 25 a karo na biyu, yayin da ya buga sake dawowa shida da taimako hudu, a cikin nasara da ci 84–68 akan West Virginia . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Woods |first=Greg |date=January 18, 2020 |title=Cartier Diarra lost 7 turnovers against West Virginia, but his playmaking helped K-State win its 1st conference game |url=https://themercury.com/k_state_sports/cartier-diarra-lost-7-turnovers-against-west-virginia-but-his-playmaking-helped-k-state-win/article_824f23e6-8c8a-5aa3-bfb2-9122ee155c0b.html |access-date=May 26, 2020 |website=[[The Manhattan Mercury]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na ƙarami, ya sami matsakaicin maki 13.3, sake dawowa 3.8, taimakon 4.2 da sata 1.8 a kowane wasa. &lt;ref name=&quot;kstate&quot; /&gt; A ranar 25 ga Maris, 2020, ya ba da sanarwar cewa zai canja wuri daga jihar Kansas. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rocha |first=Taylor |date=March 25, 2020 |title=K-State junior guard Cartier Diarra enters transfer portal |url=https://www.ksn.com/sports/wildcats/k-state-junior-guard-cartier-diarra-enters-transfer-portal/ |access-date=May 26, 2020 |publisher=[[KSNW]] |archive-date=April 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424232543/https://www.ksn.com/sports/wildcats/k-state-junior-guard-cartier-diarra-enters-transfer-portal/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Virginia Tech ===
A ranar 31 ga Maris, 2020, Diarra ya kuduri aniyar bugawa Virginia Tech a babban kakarsa. Nan take ya cancanci a matsayin canjin digiri. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Arvin |first=Chris |date=March 31, 2020 |title=Virginia Tech lands transfer Cartier Diarra |url=https://247sports.com/college/virginia-tech/Article/Virginia-Tech-lands-transfer-Cartier-Diarra-145576015/ |access-date=May 26, 2020 |publisher=[[247Sports.com|247Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wasanni hudu, Diarra ya sami maki 7.5, yana taimakawa 2.3 da sake dawowa 2.5 a kowane wasa. A ranar 16 ga Disamba, 2020, ya ba da sanarwar ficewa daga kakar wasa, yana mai nuna damuwa kan yaduwar COVID-19. 

== Sana'ar sana'a ==
Bayan an cire shi a cikin daftarin NBA na 2021, Diarra ya fara wasansa na farko tare da AB Contern na Kungiyar Kwando ta Luxembourg a cikin 2020, kuma ya sami maki 10.4 a cikin lokacin 2021 – 22. 

A cikin Oktoba 2023, Diarra ya shiga kulob din Cape Town Tigers na Afirka ta Kudu don gasar cancantar BAL ta 2024 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.instagram.com%2Fthecapetowntigers%2F |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=www.instagram.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya cancanci zama dan wasan Afrika da ake shigo da shi saboda al'adunsa na Mali. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-11-26 |title=Cape Town Tigers crowned East Division Elite 16 champions |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/africaleague/2024/qualifiers/news/cape-town-tigers-crowned-east-division-elite-16-champions |access-date=2023-11-28 |website=FIBA.basketball |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya taimaka wa Cape Town samun cancantar shiga babban gasar, kuma ya zira kwallon kwandon cin nasara a wasan karshe na West Division da City Oilers . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Kididdigar sana'a ==
{{NBA player statistics legend}}
[[Category:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Category:Haihuwan 1998]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bolwell</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="7399" sha1="cgqmenjuyu3srxd1fahw4su6oav1h7x" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Bolwell''' wani kamfani ne daga Ostareliya da a baya ya kera motocin wasanni daga shekarar 1962 zuwa 1979. Wani sabon kamfani mai suna iri daya ya fara kerar sababbin motocinsa a shekarar 2009 bayan wasu shekaru na kayayyakin ra'ayi da motocin nunawa.

Kamfanin Bolwell Cars ya fara ne a matsayin mai kerar jikin motoci na fiberglass don wasu kamfanonin motoci a Ostareliya, amma cikin sauri suka koma tsara da kera motocinsu. Tsawon shekaru, Bolwell ya kera nau'ikan daban-daban na motoci, amma babu wanda ya zama sananne kamar Mk VIII Nagari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bolwell |url=https://historicvehicles.com.au/historic-car-brands/bolwell/ |access-date=2023-03-13 |website=Historic Vehicles |language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamfanin Bolwell Cars ya kera nau'ikan kasuwanci guda biyar kuma ya samar da jimillar motoci 800. Wanda ya kafa kamfanin, Campbell Bolwell, har yanzu yana da hannu wajen tsara da gina motoci, ciki har da fitowar kwanan nan ta Nagari 500 a shekarar 2019. Nagari 500 yana da carbon/Kevlar Tub, injin Chev LS3 V8 da aka sanya a tsakiya, da kuma Audi 6-speed transaxle. Bolwell, wanda har yanzu yana kasancewa kamfani na iyali, yana da fasahar kere-kere ta zamani da kuma tsaruka da suka haifar da dama duka a cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje, karkashin jagorancin Vaughan Bolwell.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-05-17 |title=The Bolwell Nagari - (1962 – Present) {{!}} Composites Australia |url=https://www.compositesaustralia.com.au/news/the-bolwell-nagari-1962-present/ |access-date=2023-03-13 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Nau'ikan==
===Mk IV===
Mk IV wani [[kit car]] ne, wanda aka bayar a matsayin coupe mai ƙofofin gull wing da kuma a matsayin mota mai buɗewa. Fiye da 200 aka samar tsakanin shekarar 1962 da 1964.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk4.htm Bolwell Mk. IV] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507235346/https://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk4.htm |date=2023-05-07 }}. An dawo da shi ranar 26 ga Janairu 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

===Mk V===
75 Mk V coupes aka kera tsakanin shekarar 1964 da 1966, suna amfani da yawanci sassan [[Holden]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk5.htm Bolwell Mk. V] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241219202740/https://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk5.htm |date=2024-12-19 }}. An dawo da shi ranar 26 ga Janairu 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

===Mk VI===
Mk VI, wanda aka fi sani da SR6, shi ne wata mota mai tsaka-tsaki guda daya wanda aka kera a shekarar 1968.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk6.htm Bolwell Mk. VI] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241208130518/https://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk6.htm |date=2024-12-08 }}. An dawo da shi ranar 26 ga Janairu 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

===Mk VII===
[[File:Bolwell cars at Barwon Park Mansion3.jpg|thumb|Bolwell Mk VII]]
400 misalai na MK VII coupe aka samar tsakanin shekarar 1967 da 1971, yawanci a matsayin kits amma kuma a cikakke cikakke. Kits na karshe daga kimanin 1969 gaba sun kasance na Kadala Cars don Bolwell. Motoci na karshe suna da Nagari Dash da gauges, Nagari Seats, Nagari pedal box da kuma Nagari style rear suspension linkages.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk7.htm Bolwell Mk. VII] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214020618/https://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk7.htm |date=2024-12-14 }}. An dawo da shi ranar 26 ga Janairu 2010&lt;/ref&gt; 
{{-}}

===Mk VIII Nagari===
[[File:Bolwellnagari.jpg|thumb|[[Bolwell Nagari|Bolwell Mk VIII Nagari]]]]
{{main|Bolwell Nagari}}
Mk VIII, wanda aka fi sani da [[Bolwell Nagari]], wani samfurin V8 ne na [[Ford Motor Company]], wanda aka bayar daga shekarar 1970. An fara samarwa cikakke a cikin masana'antar Bolwell, an fara bayar da shi a matsayin coupe kawai, daga baya an samu na convertible daga shekarar 1972.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk8_nagari.htm Bolwell Mk. VIII Nagari] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241212050053/https://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk8_nagari.htm |date=2024-12-12 }}. An dawo da shi ranar 26 ga Janairu 2010&lt;/ref&gt; An daina samarwa a shekarar 1974&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.joeperri.com.au/Media%20Release/Bolwell%20Car%20Company%20-%20Media%20Release%20March%202008.pdf Media Release: Bolwell Nagari – From Vision to Reality] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091016005900/http://www.joeperri.com.au/Media%20Release/Bolwell%20Car%20Company%20-%20Media%20Release%20March%202008.pdf |date=16 October 2009 }}. An dawo da shi ranar 26 ga Janairu 2010&lt;/ref&gt; tare da coupes 100 da convertibles 18 da aka samar.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bolwellcarclub.com.au/models.html Bolwell Models] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226215125/http://www.bolwellcarclub.com.au/models.html |date=26 February 2015 }}. An dawo da shi ranar 26 ga Janairu 2010&lt;/ref&gt;
{{-}}

===Mk IX Ikara===
[[File:Bolwell MkIX Ikara.jpg|thumb|Bolwell Mk IX Ikara]]
Mk IX Ikara, wanda aka fara tunanin shi a shekarar 1979, wani [[kit car|kit]] ne na mota mai tsaka-tsaki wanda injin 1600cc na [[Volkswagen Golf]] 4-cylinder ne ke jan sa. Ya yi amfani da chassis na space frame da bangarorin jikin fiberglass ba tare da ƙofofi ba. An samar da misalai 12 kawai.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.theikaraproject.com theikaraproject.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126031455/http://www.theikaraproject.com/ |date=26 November 2012 }} an sabunta ranar 1 ga Nuwamba 2012&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk9_ikara.php|title=Bolwell Mk. IX Ikara|website=uniquecarsandparts.com.au|access-date=2017-01-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123031621/http://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bolwell_mk9_ikara.php|archive-date=2015-11-23|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; An adana guda goma sha daya daga cikin motocin, da daya yana bukatar gyara. [[Car]] #9 na bata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.theikaraproject.com/index.htm|title=The Ikara Project – My Story|website=theikaraproject.com|access-date=2017-01-09|archive-date=5 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205084054/http://www.theikaraproject.com/index.htm|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{-}}

===Mk X Nagari===
[[File:New Bolwell Nagari.jpg|thumb|[[Bolwell Nagari|Bolwell Mk X Nagari]].]]
{{main|Bolwell Nagari}}
An fitar da sabon [[Bolwell Nagari]], Mk X, a baje kolin motoci na Melbourne a watan Maris 2008.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bolwellcarclub.com.au/new%20nagari.htm THE NEW NAGARI – Latest updated information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091012020645/http://www.bolwellcarclub.com.au/new%20nagari.htm |date=12 October 2009 }}. An dawo da shi ranar 26 ga Janairu 2010&lt;/ref&gt; An fara samarwa a shekarar 2009.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bolwellcarcompany.com/NewsandEvents.html Bolwell Car Company – News &amp; Events] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100410152937/http://www.bolwellcarcompany.com/NewsandEvents.html# |date=10 April 2010 }}. An dawo da shi ranar 26 ga Janairu 2010&lt;/ref&gt;
{{-}}

==Manazarta==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Car brands]]
[[Category:Car manufacturers of Australia]]
[[Category:Kit car manufacturers]]
[[Category:Sports car manufacturers]]
[[Category:Motorcycle manufacturers of Australia]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies based in Melbourne]]
[[Category:Scooter manufacturers]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bioswale</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-19T14:29:02Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="17858" sha1="heuadjso6ekemmwlym70j1f9aphlh01" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}} 
[[Fayil:Meridian_Hill_Bioswale.jpg|thumb|Runoff daga kusa yana gudana zuwa wani Bioswale da ke kusa]]
'''Bioswales''' tashoshi ne da aka tsara don mai da hankali da isar da ruwan sama yayin cire tarkace da [[Gurbatar yanayi|gurɓataccen yanayi]]. Bioswales na iya zama da fa'ida wajen sake caji ruwan kasa.

Bioswales yawanci sunaea ciyayi, mulched, ko xeriscaped.&lt;ref name=&quot;EPA Grassed Swales&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 2021 |title=Stormwater Best Management Practice: Grassed Swales |url=https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2021-11/bmp-grassed-swales.pdf |publisher=U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) |page=3 |id=EPA 832-F-21-031P}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun kunshi hanyar zubar da ruwa tare da bangarorin dake da kyau (kasa da 6%). &lt;ref name=&quot;Loechl&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|ref=etal}} Construction Engineering Research Laboratory. Document no. ERDC/CERL TR-03-12.&lt;/ref&gt;: 19 Tsarin BioSwale an yi niyya ne don inganta lokacin da ruwa ke kashewa a cikin swale, wanda ke taimakawa tattara da cire gurbataccen abubuwa, silt da tarkace. Dangane da yanayin shafin, tashar bioswale na iya zama madaidaiciya ko mai laushi. Ana kuma ƙara madatsun ruwa tare da bioswale don ƙara shigar ruwan sama. Tsarin bioswale na iya rinjayar sauye-sauye daban-daban, gami da yanayi, tsarin ruwan sama, girman shafin, kasafin kuɗi, da dacewa da ciyayi.

Yana da mahimmanci a kula da bioswales don tabbatar da inganci mafi kyau da tasiri wajen cire gurbataccen ruwa daga ruwan sama. Shirye-shiryen kulawa muhimmiyar mataki ce, wanda zai iya haɗawa da gabatar da matattara ko manyan duwatsu don hana toshewa. Kulawa na shekara-shekara ta hanyar gwajin ƙasa, binciken gani, da gwajin inji suma suna da mahimmanci ga lafiyar bioswale.

Ana amfani da Bioswales a kan tituna da kuma kusa da wuraren ajiye motoci, inda gurɓataccen mota ya zauna a kan hanya kuma ana zubar da shi ta hanyar ruwan sama na farko, wanda aka sani da farko. Bioswales, ko wasu nau'ikan biofilters, ana iya kirkirar su a gefen wuraren ajiye motoci don kamawa da kuma magance ruwan guguwa kafin a sake shi zuwa ruwa ko ruwan guguwar.

== Masu gurɓataccen abu da aka tattauna ==
[[Fayil:Bioswale.jpg|right|thumb|300x300px|Bioswales guda biyu don ci gaban gidaje. Ana gina wanda ke gaba yayin da aka kafa wanda ke bayan baya.]]
Bioswales suna aiki don cire gurɓataccen ta hanyar ciyayi da ƙasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Purvis |first=Rebecca |display-authors=etal |date=January 31, 2018 |title=Evaluating the Water Quality Benefits of a Bioswale in Brunswick County, North Carolina (NC), USA |journal=Water |location=Basel, Switzerland |publisher=MDPI |volume=10 |issue=2 |page=134 |doi=10.3390/w10020134 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yayin da ruwan guguwa ke gudana ta hanyar bioswale, ana kama gurɓataccen kuma ganye da tsokoki na tsire-tsire sun zauna. Masu gurɓataccen suna shiga ƙasa inda suke lalacewa ko kuma ƙwayoyin cuta zasu 

Akwai nau'o'i dayawa na gurɓataccen ruwa waɗanda za'a iya tattara su ko kama su tare da bioswales. Wadannan sun fada cikin nau'ikan silt, gurbataccen inorganic, sunadarai na kwayoyin halitta da pathogens.

* Rashin ruwa. Yadda ake gina bioswales da tsire-tsire yana rage jigilar silt kuma yana rage turbidity na karɓar ruwa. Ana iya kafa matattarar don kama tarkace da laka yayin aikin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bioswales {{!}} Climate Technology Centre &amp; Network {{!}} Tue, 11/08/2016 |url=https://www.ctc-n.org/technologies/bioswales |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=www.ctc-n.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Kwayoyin halitta. Yawancin gurɓataccen kwayoyin halitta ciki har da hydrocarbons na Polycyclic zai lalace ko ya lalace a tsawon lokaci kuma Bioswales zai rage jigilar waɗannan kayan cikin hanyoyin ruwa, kuma kafin su iya shafar rayuwar ruwa. Kodayake ba duk kayan kwayoyin halitta ba ne za a kama su, yawan kayan kwayoyin halittu ya ragu sosai ta hanyar bioswales.
* Ana hana kwayoyin cuta daga mai masaukin ko daga wadatar abinci mai gina jiki tsawon lokaci don su zama manufa ta heterotroph.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Purvis |first=Rebecca |last2=Winston |first2=Ryan |last3=Hunt |first3=William |last4=Lipscomb |first4=Brian |last5=Narayanaswamy |first5=Karthik |last6=McDaniel |first6=Andrew |last7=Lauffer |first7=Matthew |last8=Libes |first8=Susan |date=2018-01-31 |title=Evaluating the Water Quality Benefits of a Bioswale in Brunswick County, North Carolina (NC), USA |journal=Water |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=134 |doi=10.3390/w10020134 |issn=2073-4441 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Abubuwan da ba'a saba amfani da su ba sune macronutrients kamar su phosphate da nitrates. Babban tushen waɗannan abubuwan gina jiki ya fito ne daga runoff na aikin gona wanda aka danganta shi da yawan taki. Yawan phosphate da nitrates na iya haifar da eutrophication a cikin yankunan zubar da ruwa da karɓar ruwa. Takamaiman tsire-tsire na bioswale suna shan waɗannan abubuwan gina jiki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Shetty |first=Nandan H. |last2=Hu |first2=Ranran |last3=Mailloux |first3=Brian J. |last4=Hsueh |first4=Diana Y. |last5=McGillis |first5=Wade R. |last6=Wang |first6=Mark |last7=Chandran |first7=Kartik |last8=Culligan |first8=Patricia J. |date=2019-05-15 |title=Studying the effect of bioswales on nutrient pollution in urban combined sewer systems |journal=Science of the Total Environment |language=en |volume=665 |pages=944–958 |bibcode=2019ScTEn.665..944S |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.121 |issn=0048-9697 |pmid=30790764 |s2cid=73457342 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Magungunan ƙarfe irin su mercury, gubar, chromium, cadmium da sauran ƙarfe masu nauyi suna mai da hankali a cikin tsarin. Abin takaici, waɗannan ƙarfe a hankali suna guba a ƙasa da ke kewaye. Ana buƙatar cire ƙasa na yau da kullun don hana karafa daga narkewa da sakewa cikin muhalli. An tsara wasu bioswales don haɗawa da nau'ikan shuke-shuke na hyperaccumulator. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna shan amma basa canza karafa. Cuttings daga wadannan shuke-shuke sau da yawa sukan lalace a cikin tafkin ko kuma ana yanka su ta hanyar ayyukan lambu waɗanda basu san abin da suke tattarawa ba yana da guba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Evans |first=Natalya |last2=Van Ryswyk |first2=Hal |last3=Los Huertos |first3=Marc |last4=Srebotnjak |first4=Tanja |date=2019 |title=Robust spatial analysis of sequestered metals in a Southern California Bioswale |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.441 |journal=Science of the Total Environment |volume=650 |issue=Pt 1 |pages=155–162 |bibcode=2019ScTEn.650..155E |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.441 |issn=0048-9697 |pmid=30196215 |s2cid=52192159}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wuraren da suka fi dacewa ==
Ana iya aiwatar da Bioswales a yankunan dake buƙatar kula da ruwan sama don daidaita saurin runoff da kuma lalata runoff. An halicci Bioswales don kula da farkon gurbataccen abu yayin taron ruwan sama, sabili da haka, wuraren dake da manyan wuraren da basu da ruwa kamar hanyoyi, wuraren ajiye motoci, ko rufin rufin na iya amfana daga ƙarin bioswales. Hakanan ana iya haɗa su cikin matsakaicin hanya, ƙetare, tituna, ko kowane sararin jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 July 2013 |title=Bioswales |url=https://nacto.org/publication/urban-street-design-guide/street-design-elements/stormwater-management/bioswales/ |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=Urban Street Design Guide |publisher=National Association of City Transportation Officials}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fa'idodi ==
Bioswales suna da amfani ga aikin cigaba mai tasiri don rage saurin ruwan sama yayin cire gurbataccen abu daga fitarwa. Suna da fa'ida sosai wajen kare ruwa da hanyoyin ruwa na gida daga gurɓataccen gurɓata daga ruwan sama. Tsawon lokacin da runoff ya kasance a cikin bioswale, mafi kyawun sakamakon cire gurbataccen abu. Har ila yau, yana da fa'ida wajen cire tafkunan da ke tsaye waɗanda zasu iya jawo hankalin sauro. Hakanan ana iya tsara Bioswales don zama kyakkyawa da jan hankalin dabbobi da ƙirƙirar wuraren zama. Bioswales na iya zama da amfani ga sake caji na ruwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-06-10 |title=Bioswales can improve water quality resources |url=http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/bioswales_can_improve_water_quality_resources |publisher=Michigan State University; MSU Extension}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kulawa ==
Kyakkyawan kulawa na iya haifar da farashi mai yawa don magance ƙarancin halittu. Tattara manyan turɓaya, sharar gida, da kuma cigaban da bai dace ba na ciyayi duk zasu iya shafar inganci da aikin bioswales. Yana da fa'ida a matakai na tsarawa don rarraba kayan aiki don bada damar sauƙin kula da biowales, ko yazama isasshen sarari don gano kayan aiki ko aminci ga waɗanda ke aiki. Ana iya amfani da nau'ikan matattarar daban-daban don kama turɓaya. Za'a iya amfani da sassan tace ciyawa ko ƙofar dutse don tace turɓaya da ƙwayoyin; duk da haka, ba tare da kulawa mai kyau ba, runoff na iya gudana daga bioswales saboda toshewa. Tsarin tsari ya zama gama gari saboda sauƙin kulawa, amfani, da tasirinsa. Guje wa amfani da mulch mai iyo da zabar mafi kyawun tsire-tsire masu ƙarancin kulawa tabbatar da inganci mafi kyau a cikin bioswales. Dangane da bukatun al'umma don bioswale, ana iya haɓaka shirin kimantawa na matakai huɗu. Binciken gani, gwajin iyawa, runoff na roba, da saka idanu sune matakai huɗu da za'a iya amfani dasu don kimanta aikin da kiyaye bioswales.

Ana buƙatar dubawa na yau da kullun don tabbatar da cewa aikin da kyawawan halittu basu lalace ba. Lokaci da yawan dubawa sun bambanta bisa ga kananan hukumomi daban-daban, amma ya kamata ya faru aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara. Za'a iya gudanar da bangarori daban-daban na dubawa, kodai ta hanyar gani ko ta hanyar inji. Binciken gani na ciyayi, ruwa, da kuma shigarwa duk suna da mahimmanci don tabbatar da aiki. Wasu kungiyoyi suna amfani da jerin sunayen don daidaita tsarin binciken gani.

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don tantance ko bioswale yana buƙatar kulawa. Bioswales suna da ma'auni don saduwa da takamaiman matakin shiga don sanin ko ana buƙatar kulawa. Ana amfani da ma'aunin ma'aikata don auna yawan shigarwa. Hakanan ana buƙatar gwajin sunadarai na ƙasa don tantance ko ƙasa tana da wani matakin ƙazantar duk wani gurɓataccen abu. Phosphorus da manyan matakan salinity a cikin ƙasa sune gurɓataccen abu guda biyu daya kamata a kula dasu. Binciken shigarwa da fitarwa mai gurɓataccen abu kuma wata hanya ce ta tantance matakin aikin bioswales.

Kulawa na iya kaiwa zuwa matakai daban-daban guda uku na kulawa. Ana buƙatar kulawa mai kyau don cire ciyawa wanda ke shafar aikin sauran tsire-tsire da bioswale kanta, tsaftacewa da cire sharar gida, da kuma kula da yanayin ciyayi. Ana buƙatar maidowa na ɗan lokaci lokacin da aka toshe ƙofar ta hanyar turɓaya ko kuma lokacin da ake buƙatar maye gurbin ciyayi. Ana buƙatar cikakken maidowa lokacin da bioswales basu sake tace gurɓataccen abu yadda ya kamata kuma aikin gaba ɗaya yana da matukar rashin.

== Tsarin ==
Bioswales suna fuskantar gajeren lokaci, mai yuwuwa mai tsanani, lokutan ruwan sama, ambaliyar ruwa da gurɓataccen gurɓatawar da aka biyo bayan lokutan fari. Yana da mahimmanci ayi la'akari da yadda tsire-tsire da aka zaɓa don bioswales zasu girma da kuma fahimtar irin tsire-shuke da ake la'akari dashi mafi kyau.

Akwai nau'ikan bioswales guda huɗu waɗanda za'a iya gina su bisa ga bukatun wurin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Caflisch |first=Mary |last2=Giacalone |first2=Katie |date=May 2015 |title=An Introduction to Bioswales |url=http://www.clemson.edu/extension/hgic/water/resources_stormwater/bioswales.html |publisher=Clemson University}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Low ciyawa bioswales amfani da low girma ciyawa wanda za'a iya shimfiɗa shi, kama da lawns. Wadannan nau'ikan bioswales ba su da tasiri fiye da bioswales masu tsire-tsire wajen magance ruwan sama da kuma kiyaye isasshen lokacin tattarawa.
* Ana kirkirar tsire-tsire masu tsayi tare da tsire-shuke masu tsayi, tsire-tire masu ban sha'awa, shrubs, har ma da bishiyoyi. Wadannan nau'ikan kuma ana iya haɗa su da duwatsu don rage saurin ruwan guguwa wanda ke gudana ta hanyar bioswales don ƙara lokacin tattarawa don tsabtacewa. Bioswales masu tsire-tsire na iya haɗawa da tsire-shuke waɗanda ke da amfani sosai wajen cire wasu sunadarai a cikin runoffs yadda ya kamata.
* Rashin amfani da ruwa mai amfani da ruwa yana da taimako a yankunan da suka fi bushewa tare da yanayin zafi. Xeriscape bioswales suna cike da runoff gabaɗaya bayan ruwan sama da guguwa kuma su bushe in ba haka ba.
* Bioswales masu laushi suna kama da wuraren da ke riƙe da ruwa na tsawon lokaci wanda ke bada damar shiga ruwan sama maimakon kawai zubar da ruwa a ƙarshen bioswale a cikin ruwan guguwa.

Bioswales suna buƙatar wani abun da ke cikin ƙasa wanda ba ya ƙunshe da ƙasa sama da 5% ba. Ƙasa kanta kafin aiwatarwa bai kamata a gurɓata shi ba. Ya kamata a gina Bioswales tare da gangara mai tsawo don bada damar zama. Matsakaicin gangara na bioswales shine 3:1. Ana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin izini don tabbatar da cewa baza'a lalata wasu ababen more rayuwa ba. Ya kamata a sami ramin daya cika aƙalla inci 6 sama da jirgin ƙasa don bada damar matsakaicin lokacin ruwan sama a cikin bioswales. Hakanan ana iya amfani da duwatsu don rage saurin runoff. Amfani da matattarar yana da mahimmanci don hana shigarwa daga toshewa da turɓaya ko sharar gida.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;

== Misalan ==
[[Fayil:Bioswale_(38067590806).jpg|thumb|Wani bioswale a gefen hanya a Birnin Chicago.]]
Ana samun misalai biyu na farko na bioswales da aka tsara ta hanyar kimiyya don aikace-aikace masu yawa a yammacin Amurka. A cikin 1996, don Willamette River Park a [[Portland, Oregon]], an tsara jimlar ƙafafu 2330 na bioswale don kamawa da hana gurɓataccen ruwa daga shiga [[Kogin Willamette]]. An shigar da madatsar ruwa na lokaci-lokaci don cigaba da kama silt, wanda ya rage da kashi 50% da aka dakatar dasu dake shiga tsarin kogi.

Misali na biyu na babban sikelin da aka tsara bioswale yana a Carneros Business Park, Sonoma County, California. Farawa a cikin 1997 ƙungiyar ƙirar aikin ta yi aiki tare da Ma'aikatar Kifi da Wasanni ta California da County of Sonoma don samar da cikakken ƙira don tashar ruwa a gefen babban wurin ajiye motoci. Runoff na sama ya ƙunshi rufin gini, filin ajiye motoci da kuma kwarara daga kadarorin zuwa arewacin shafin aikin. An tsara jimlar mil biyu na bioswale a cikin aikin. Manufar bioswale itace ta rage gurbataccen ruwa daga shiga Sonoma Creek. Tashar bioswale tana da ciyawa kuma kusan layi ne. Gudun ƙasa kusan 4% ne kuma ƙetare-ƙetare yana da kusan 6% .&lt;ref&gt;Lumina Technologies (1998). ''Hydrology and biology studies for Carneros Business Park'', prepared for the William A. Saks Company pursuant to requirements of the County of Sonoma. Approximately 2000 bioswales are projected to be installed in New York City to protect the city's combined sewer system.&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani aikin da aka kafa kwanan nan shine aikin &quot;Street Edge Alternatives&quot; (SEA) a [[Seattle|Seattle, Washington]], an kammala shi a shekara ta 2001. Maimakon amfani da bututun gargajiya, burin SEA shine ƙirƙirar wuri na halitta wanda ke wakiltar yadda yankin yake kafin ci gaba. Hanyar ta kasance 11% mafi ƙaranci fiye da daidaitattun titin kuma an nuna ta da bishiyoyi masu tsayi da bioswales. An dasa bioswales a kan gangaren da aka tsara tare da wuri mai laushi da tsire-tsire masu tsawo. Sauran shimfidar wuri sun kuma mayar da hankali kan tsire-tsire na asali da na salmon. SEA ta ba da fa'ida mai ƙarfi ga rage ruwan sama wanda ya taimaka wajen ci gaba da kare yanayin muhalli na Seattle. Har ila yau, titin aikin ya haifar da wani wuri mai ban sha'awa da kyau kamar yadda yasaba da shimfidar wuri mai wuya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Street Edge Alternatives |url=http://www.seattle.gov/utilities/neighborhood-projects/street-edge-alternatives |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=Neighborhood Projects |publisher=Seattle Public Utilities}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli ta [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]] (NYC DEP) ta gina fiye da 11,000 bioswales, waɗanda ake kira 'gidan ruwan sama'. Ana gina lambunan ruwan sama a ko'ina cikin birni don sarrafa ruwan guguwa da inganta ingancin ruwa na hanyoyin ruwa na birni. Kulawa da kula da lambunan ruwan sama haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin NYC DEP da ƙungiyar 'yan sa kai da ake kira &quot;masu kare tashar jiragen ruwa&quot;. Ana bincika lambunan ruwan sama kuma ana tsabtace su akalla sau ɗaya a mako.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rain Gardens |url=https://www1.nyc.gov/site/dep/water/rain-gardens.page#:~:text=by%20NYC%20Water,flowing%20into%20the%20sewer%20system. |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=Green Infrastructure |publisher=New York City Department of Environmental Protection |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124165021/https://www1.nyc.gov/site/dep/water/rain-gardens.page#:~:text=by%20NYC%20Water,flowing%20into%20the%20sewer%20system. |archive-date=2022-01-24 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Permaculture ==
A cikin permaculture, ana amfani da swales don girbi ruwa.

== Dubi kuma ==

* Bayyana halittu
* Abubuwan more rayuwa masu kore
* Shigarwa
* Gidajen ruwan sama
* Yankin bakin teku
* [[Gurɓatar ƙasa|Rashin gurɓata ƙasa]]
* Ruwa na guguwa
* Tsarin ruwa mai ɗorewa
* Ruwa a cikin birane
* Tsarin birane mai saurin ruwa

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [http://www.asla.org/ContentDetail.aspx?id=21910 Yaki da Canjin Yanayi tare da Jagoran Bayani na Yanayi]
* [http://www.asla.org/waterefficiency.aspx= Tsarin Gida mai dorewa: Inganta Ingancin Ruwa]
* {{Cite journal |last=Xiao |first=Qingfu |last2=McPherson |first2=E. Gregory |year=2011 |title=Performance of engineered soil and trees in a parking lot bioswale |journal=Urban Water Journal |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=241–53 |bibcode=2011UrbWJ...8..241X |doi=10.1080/1573062X.2011.596213 |s2cid=17859768}}
{{Stormwater structures}}{{Authority control}}
[[Rukuni:Muhalli]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sorghum</title>
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      <text bytes="8513" sha1="oky0acrzis4o17j7unq4vg293napk4h" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Sorghum bicolor''', wanda aka fi sani da '''sorghum'''&lt;ref&gt;{{PLANTS|id=SOBI2|taxon=Sorghum bicolor|access-date=2 Fabrairu 2016}}&lt;/ref &gt; kuma aka sani da '''babban gero''',&lt;ref name=BSBI07&gt;{{BSBI 2007 |access-date= 14 Disamba 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; '''broomcorn''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ma'anar Broomcorn |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/broomcorn |shigarwa -date=14 Disamba 2021 |shafin yanar gizo=www.merriam-webster.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''' masarar guinea '',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ma'anar masarar Guinea |url=https: //www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Guinea+corn |access-date=14 December 2021 |website=www.merriam-webster.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''durra''', '''imphee''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | title=Ma'anar Imphee |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/imphee |access-date=14 Disamba 2021 | website=www.merriam-webster.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''jowar'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=jowar |url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/jowar |aiki =Kamus na Kyauta |access-date=14 Disamba 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; ko '''milo''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Definition of Milo |url=https://www.merriam -webster.com/dictionary/milo |date-access=14 December 2021 |website=www.merriam-webster.com }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; jinsi ne a cikin ciyawa jinsin ''[[Sorghum]] Dawa'' ana noma shi don [[ hatsi]]. Ana amfani da hatsi don abinci ga mutane; ana amfani da shuka don ciyar da dabbobi da samar da ethanol. Dawa ta samo asali ne daga Afirka, kuma yanzu ana noma shi sosai a yankuna masu zafi da na wurare masu zafi.

Dawa ita ce shuka ta biyar mafi muhimmanci a duniya bayan kamar shinkafa, [[alkama]], [[masara]], da [[sha'ir]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title= Manyan Hatsin Hatsi da Amfani da su a Duniya }&lt;/ref&gt; Sorghum yawanci shekara-shekara ne, amma wasu ciyayi suna dawwama. Yana girma a cikin ƙugiya waɗanda za su iya kaiwa sama da tsayin {{convert|4|m}}. Hatsi karami ne, {{convert|2 zuwa 4|mm|sigfig=1}} a diamita. [Sorghum mai zaki]s nau'o'in iri ne da ake nomawa da farko don abinci, samar da syrup, da ethanol; sun fi waɗanda aka noma da hatsi tsayi tsayi.

== Bayani ==
{{a duba kuma|Sorghum (genus)}}
Sorghum babbar shuka ce mai tsayi wacce ta kai tsayin {{convert |2.4 |m |ft}}. Yana da manyan ƙwanƙolin fulawa ko panicle waɗanda ke ba da hatsin sitaci da za a iya ci tare da tsaba har 3,000 a kowane furen fure. Yana girma a cikin yanayi mai dumi a duniya don abinci da kayan abinci.&lt;ref&gt;{{BONAP |ref |genus=Sorghum |access-date=4 September 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=sorghum: grain |url=https://www.britannica.com/plant/sorghum-grain |publisher=Britannica |access-date=6 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |doi=10.1007/s10722-009-9466-7 |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=243–253 |last1=Mutegi |first1=Evans |first2=Fabrice |last2=Sagnard |first3=Moses |last3=Muraya |first4=Ben |last4=Kanyenji |first5=Bernard |last5=Rono |first6=Caroline |last6=Mwongera |first7=Charles |last7=Marangu |first8=Joseph |last8=Kamau |first9=Heiko |last9=Parzies |first10=Santie |last10=de Villiers |first11=Kassa |last11=Semagn |first12=Pierre |last12=Traoré |first13=Maryke |last13=Labuschagne |title=Ecogeographical distribution of wild, weedy and cultivated ''Sorghum bicolor'' (L.) Moench in Kenya: implications for conservation and crop-to-wild gene flow |journal=Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution |date=2010-02-01 |s2cid=28318220 |display-authors=5 |url=http://oar.icrisat.org/2032/1/GRCE57_243-253__2010.pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sorghum- and millet-legume cropping systems |url=http://africasoilhealth.cabi.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/392-ASHC-English-Sorghum-BW-A4-lowres.pdf |last1=Hauser |first1=Stefan |last2=Wairegi |first2=Lydia |last3=Asadu |first3=Charles L.A. |last4=Asawalam |first4=Damian O. |last5=Jokthan |first5=Grace |last6=Ugbe |first6=Utiang |publisher=Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International and Africa Soil Health Consortium |access-date=7 October 2018 |date=2015 |archive-date=31 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131224733/http://africasoilhealth.cabi.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/392-ASHC-English-Sorghum-BW-A4-lowres.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Dillon |first1=Sally L. |last2=Shapter |first2=Frances M. |last3=Henry |first3=Robert J. |last4=Izquierdo |first4=Liz |last5=Lee |first5=L. Slade |title=Domestication to Crop Improvement: Genetic Resources for ''Sorghum'' and ''Saccharum'' (Andropogoneae) |journal=[[Annals of Botany]] |volume=100 |issue=5 |pages=975–989 |date=1 September 2007 |pmc=2759214 |display-authors=3 |pmid=17766842 |doi=10.1093/aob/mcm192}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin noman noma suna amfani da ciyawar shekara-shekara, amma wasu nau'ikan daji na ''Sorghum'' suna dawwama, wanda zai iya ba [Cibiyar Ƙasa] damar haɓaka ciyawar shekara-shekara don &quot;maimaita, isasshen hatsi ba tare da sake shukawa ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Land Institute&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Perennial Sorghum |url=https://landinstitute.org/our-work/perennial-crops/perennial-sorghum/ |publisher=[[The Land Institute]] |access-date=7 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sorghum Moench |url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331290-2 |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=Plants of the World Online }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;gallery class=center mode=nolines widths=180 heights=180&gt;
File:Flore médicale des Antilles, ou, Traité des plantes usuelles (10559146133) (cropped).jpg |Botanical illustration
File:Sorghum bicolor.JPG |Maturing crop, Germany
File:दगडी ज्वारी, आटपाडी Dagadi Jowar, Aatpadi (Sorghum bicolor).jpg |Ripe [[panicle]], India
File:Sorghum bicolor (s. lat.) p. p. sl32.jpg |alt=Grains |Branch of panicle with [[spikelet]]s
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Juyin Halitta ==

=== phylogeny ===
Dawa tana da alaƙa da [[maize]] da [[gero]] da ke cikin [PACMAD clade]] na ciyawa, kuma fiye da [[ hatsi]] na [[BOP clade]] kamar su. [[alkama]] da [[sha'ir]].
{{clade|style=font-size:100%;line-height:100%
|label1=(Part of [[Poaceae]])
|1={{clade
   |label1= [[BOP clade]]
   |1={{clade
      |1=[[Bambusoideae]] (bamboos)
      |2={{clade
         |label1=[[Pooideae]]
         |1={{clade
            |label1=other grasses
            |1=&amp;nbsp;([[fescue]], [[ryegrass]])
            |label2= &amp;nbsp; [[Triticeae]] &amp;nbsp;
            |2={{clade
               |1=''[[Hordeum]]'' (barley)
               |2={{clade
                  |1=''[[Triticum]]'' (wheat)
                  |2=''[[Secale]]'' (rye)
                  }}
               }}
            }}
         |2=''[[Oryza]]'' (rice)
         }}
      }}
   |label2= [[PACMAD clade]] 
   |2={{clade
      |1=''[[Pennisetum]]'' (fountaingrasses, [[pearl millet]])
      |2={{clade
         |1=[[Millet]]s
         |2={{clade
            |1='''''Sorghum''''' (sorghum)
            |2=''[[Zea (plant)|Zea]]'' (maize)
            }}
         }}
      }}
   }}
}}

== Tarihi ==

===Dawa a Gida===

{{ƙara|Gidan shuke-shuke}}
[[File:Piece of sorghum bread contained in basket S - Museo Egizio, Turin S 285 p09.jpg|thumb|Hoton burodin dawa ke ƙunshe a cikin kwandon, [[Predynastic Egypt]], {{circa}} 3100 BC (5,100 years ago). [[Museo Egizio|Egyptian Museum, Turin]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Museo Egizio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Pane di sorgo contenuto nel cesto S. 283; fa parte del corredo funerario infantile della mummia S. 278 |url=https://collezioni.museoegizio.it/it-IT/material/S_285 |publisher=Egyptian Museum, Turin |access-date=6 May 2024 |quote=S. 285, la 15 Vetrina 02}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
''S. bicolor'' ya kasance Dan gida daga kakansa na daji fiye da shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata a Gabashin [[Sudan]] a yankin koguna  Atbara da [[Kogin Gash | Gash]].
An samo shi a wani wurin binciken kayan tarihi kusa da Kassala a gabashin Sudan, tun daga 3500 zuwa 3000 BC, kuma yana da alaƙa da al'adun neolithic [[Butana Group]].

tseren farko da aka fara zama cikin gida shine ''bicolor''; yana da matsugunan huskoki waɗanda dole ne a cire su da ƙarfi. Kusan shekaru 4,000 da suka wuce&lt;!--2000 BC--&gt;, wannan ya yadu zuwa yankin Indiya; kimanin shekaru 3,000 da suka wuce ya kai Yammacin Afirka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fuller Stevens 2018&quot;/&gt; Wasu jinsi hudu sun samo asali ne ta hanyar noma don samun hatsi mai girma kuma su zama masussuka kyauta, suna sa girbi mai sauƙi kuma mai amfani. Waɗannan su ne '' caudatum '' a cikin [Sahel]; ''durra'', mai yiwuwa a Indiya; ''Guinea'' a Yammacin Afirka (daga baya ya isa Indiya), kuma daga wannan jinsin '' mageritiferum '' wanda ya haifar da nau'in Kudancin Afirka.

==Manazarta==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bikin Littattafai da Fasaha na Legas</title>
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'''Bikin Littafin Legas da Fasaha''' ('''LABAF''') Bikin zane-zane ne na shekara-shekara wanda Kwamitin Fasaha mai Muhimmanci (CORA) ya kafa a shekarar 1999.

== Tarihi ==
An gudanar da bikin na farko a watan Nuwamba 1999 a shafin Jazz 38 na dindindin a Lekki, Legas. Manufar bikin ita ce tunawa da dawowar Najeriya &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2019-10-27 |title=Lagos Book &amp; Art Festival, (LABAF) set for November 4-10, 2019 |url=https://thelagosreview.ng/lagos-book-art-festival-labaf-set-for-november-4-10-2019-2/ |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=The Lagos Review |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; zuwa dimokuradiyya bayan fiye da shekaru talatin na mulkin soja da kuma yin bikin da zai sake ƙarfafa yanayin da sake mayar da hankali ga matasa da tsofaffi, musamman al'adun karatun littafi, wanda ke mutuwa a hankali.An kira shi &quot;babban bikin al'adun Afirka&quot;,  ana gudanar da bikin Littafin Legas da Fasaha a cikin kwanaki bakwai &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-11-21 |title=LABAF: Nigeria on hot seat at Culture Picnic |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/11/labaf-nigeria-on-hot-seat-at-culture-picnic/ |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; a wurare daban-daban ciki har da Goethe-Institute, Majalisar Burtaniya, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A Week of 52 Engaging Events With Loads of Lessons for the Youths |url=https://guardian.ng/art/labaf-2019-a-week-of-52-engaging-events-with-loads-of-lessons-for-the-youths/ |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=guardian.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Freedom Park, duk a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2015-11-16 |title=British Council's publishing Creative Hustle at the Lagos Theatre #LABAF2015 |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/british-councils-publishing-creative-hustle-at-the-lagos-theatre/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;  &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

== Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa a bikin ==
LABAF tana da ayyuka daban-daban da suka hada da ayyukan kafin bikin kamar tafiye-tafiye na littafi &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roqeebah |date=2016-11-11 |title=Catch up with the 18th Lagos book and art festival (LABAF) » YNaija |url=https://ynaija.com/catch-18th-lagos-book-art-festival-labaf/ |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=YNaija |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; da sauran manyan ayyukan bikin ciki har da wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa, karatun littattafai, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Olorunsola |first=Moyosoluwa |date=2019-09-14 |title=LABAF to hold in November |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/labaf-to-hold-in-november.html |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; nuna fina-finai, taron masu bugawa, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=LABAF - Publishers Forum {{!}} Quramo Publishing |url=https://www.quramo.com/content/labaf-publishers-forum |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=www.quramo.com |archive-date=2020-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215102251/http://www.quramo.com/content/labaf-publishers-forum |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; tattaunawa da fasaha, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Asiri recounts Nigeria's history in colourful exhibition |url=https://punchng.com/asiri-recounts-nigerias-history-in-colourful-exhibition/ |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; tattaunawa, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2013-11-09 |title=MAIN Festival -15th Lagos Book &amp; Art Festival, LABAF, Nov.15-17... |url=https://www.africanevents.com/events/main-festival-15th-lagos-book-art-festival-labaf-nov-15-17-2013-lagos-nigeria/ |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=African Events .com |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; tarurruka, [5] gabatarwar littattafai, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Okeowo |first=Olamilekan |date=2019-11-06 |title=Victor Ekpuk's day in the sun at LABAF |url=https://www.theculturenewspaper.com/victor-ekpuks-day-in-the-sun-at-labaf/ |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=Entertainment News {{!}} Celebrity News {{!}} Fashion and Style |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; sake dubawa na littattafai, [4] bikin kore [3] da sauran abubuwan da suka faru.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yoruba Lakotun set for LABAF |url=https://punchng.com/yoruba-lakotun-set-for-labaf/ |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-11-10 |title=Winner Emerges For Ken Saro-Wiwa Prize For Review At LABAF 2018 |url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/11/10/winner-emerges-ken-saro-wiwa-prize-review-labaf-2018 |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=Sahara Reporters}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-10-11 |title=#LABAF2019 - Opening of GREEN FESTIVAL @Food court |url=https://thisislagos.ng/labaf2019-opening-of-green-festival-food-court/ |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=This Is Lagos |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &amp;nbsp;Har ila yau, bikin yana ba da damar shiga ɗalibai  na makarantun firamare da sakandare da jami'o'i a Najeriya ta hanyar gabatar da gasa da kuma damar ba da shawara ga su.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=LABF's Feast of Ideas and Life Opens in Lagos |url=https://guardian.ng/art/labafs-feast-of-ideas-and-life-opens-in-lagos/ |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=guardian.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Har ila yau, bikin yana zaɓar littattafai daban-daban a kowace shekara waɗanda aka nuna su a matsayin Littattafan Bikin &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-09-02 |title=11 Books Headline the 21st Lagos Book Festival |url=https://bookartville.com/pages/11-books-headline-the-21st-lagos-book-festival/ |access-date=2020-08-06 |website=The complete file on the arts and media in Nigeria |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma suna cikin ɓangaren jawabin bikin na wannan shekarar.

An gudanar da bikin na 21 a ranar 4-10 ga Nuwamba 2019 tare da taken &quot;Emerge... Breaking into the New&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-03-21 |title=Book and Art Festivals in Nigeria worth Traveling for in 2019 |url=https://food.jumia.com.ng/blog/book-and-art-festivals-nigeria-2019-8454 |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=Jumia Food Nigeria Blog |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811045935/https://food.jumia.com.ng/blog/book-and-art-festivals-nigeria-2019-8454 |archive-date=2021-08-11 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; An sadaukar da wannan taken ne don tunawa da babban mai zane-zane David Herbert Dale, wanda ya mutu a ranar Talata, 4 ga Agusta 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=David Dale, Renowned British-Nigerian Artist, Dies at 71 – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/08/07/david-dale-renowned-british-nigerian-artist-dies-at-71/ |access-date=2022-12-26 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kuma shirya bikin ne don yin bikin gumakan wallafe-wallafen da suka mutu a cikin shekara, gami da [[Pius Adesanmi]], [[Eddie Ugbomah]], [[Bisi Silva]], da sauransu. Taken bikin a cikin 2017 shine Eruptions: Global fractures da kuma bil'adama na yau da kullun, yayin da a cikin 2018 shine Sabuntawa: Zuwa ga duniya da ke aiki ga kowa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=read 1 |first=News 1 min |date=2019-10-27 |title=Lagos Book &amp; Art Festival, (LABAF) set for November 4-10, 2019 |url=https://thelagosreview.ng/lagos-book-art-festival-labaf-set-for-november-4-10-2019-2/ |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=The Lagos Review |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bikin koyaushe lokaci ne da za a sake dubawa na littafi, nuna fina-finai, shirye-shirye, bita, wasanni da yawa gabatarwa don faranta wa baƙi da masu kallo rai.

== Manufar bikin da manufar ==
LABAF, wanda kuma aka sani da babbar al'adun al'adu a nahiyar, ayyuka ne masu yawa, wasu suna cike da nishaɗi yayin da wasu ke da zurfin manufar ilimi shine su horar da al'adun karatu wanda ke raguwa, inganta al'adu da kuma buƙatar ƙarfafa magana da rubutu a cikin yarukanmu na asali.  Ana inganta bikin ba kawai don sayar da littattafai ba amma inganta zane-zane da tasirin zane-zane a kan al'umma a kowane bangare, bakan gizo da yawan jama'a. LABAF tana inganta wasannin rubuce-rubuce da karatu da yawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Winner emerges at Ken Saro Wiwa prize review labaf-2018 |url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/11/10/winner-emerges-ken-saro-wiwa-prize-review-labaf-2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tyson Chandler</title>
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'''Tyson Cleotis Chandler''' (an haife shi ne 2 ga watan oktoba a shekarar, 1982) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tyson Chandler Stats |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/c/chandty01.html |access-date=2020-11-08 |website=Basketball-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon]] kwando ne kuma koci.


Chandler an tsara shi kai tsaye daga makarantar sakandare a matsayin zaɓi na biyu na gaba ɗaya na daftarin NBA na shekarar 2001 ta Los Angeles Clippers, sannan nan da nan aka sayar da shi ga Chicago Bulls . Ya kuma buga wa New Orleans Hornets, Charlotte Bobcats, Dallas Mavericks, New York Knicks, Phoenix Suns da Los Angeles Lakers . A matsayinsa na farawa don Dallas, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a gasar NBA ta farko ta faransa a 2011 .


An ba wa Chandler suna ga NBA All-Defensive Team sau uku. Yayin da yake tare da New York, an zabe shi a matsayin Gwarzon Dan Wasan Tsaro na NBA a cikin 2012, lokacin da aka kuma sanya masa suna ga All-NBA Uku Team . Ya lashe lambobin zinare tare da tawagar kasar Amurka a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIBA ta 2010 da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 .

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Tyson Cleotis Chandler a ranar 2 ga Oktoba, 1982, a Hanford, California, ga Frank Chandler da Vernie Threadgill, kodayake bai sadu da mahaifinsa Frank ba sai daga baya a rayuwarsa.  Ya girma a gonar iyali a Hanford, California, kudu da [[Fresno, California]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hispanosnba.com |title=Tyson Chandler NBA profile and data |url=https://en.hispanosnba.com/players/tyson-chandler |access-date=2020-11-08 |website=hispanosnba.com |language=en |archive-date=2020-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921165035/https://en.hispanosnba.com/players/tyson-chandler |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Chandler ya fara buga kwallon kwando yana dan shekara uku a kan kwandon kakan Chandler, Cleotis, wanda aka kafa akan bishiya. Chandler ya girma yana aikin gona kamar nonon shanu, aladu masu zube, da noman amfanin gona. Lokacin da yake da shekaru tara, Chandler da mahaifiyarsa sun koma San Bernardino, California ; ya riga ya kusan kafa shida tsayi. Lokacin yaro, Chandler ya kasance abin ba'a saboda tsayinsa; ‘ya’yan kungiyar kwallon kwando a makarantarsa sun yi ta zolaya cewa ya girme shi da gaske, kuma an bar shi sau da yawa a makaranta. &lt;ref name=&quot;jockbio1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 2, 1982 |title=Tyson Chandler Biography |url=http://www.jockbio.com/Bios/T_Chandler/T_Chandler_bio.html |access-date=April 24, 2012 |publisher=JockBio |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050344/http://www.jockbio.com/Bios/T_Chandler/T_Chandler_bio.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayinsa na sabo, Chandler ya shiga makarantar sakandaren Dominguez a Compton, California, makarantar da aka sani da wasannin motsa jiki, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|url-status=72, 75}}&lt;/ref&gt; tana samar da 'yan wasan kwando kamar Dennis Johnson da Cedric Ceballos . A cikin sabuwar shekararsa, Chandler ya sanya kungiyar varsity kuma ya buga wasa tare da dan wasan NBA na gaba Tayshaun Prince, wanda a lokacin ya kasance babba. Tare da Dominguez Dons, Chandler ya zama abin sha'awa ga matasa; Ƙananan ribobi na gaba irin su DeMar DeRozan sun kalli wasan da ya yi da'awar &quot;ya kasance kamar Shaq &quot;. Ma'aikacin batu Brandon Jennings, wanda ya kasance dan kwallon don Dominguez a lokacin, ya ce, &quot;Za ku ga 'yan mata a kusa da Tyson, [[Cadillac Escalade ESV|Escalade]] da ya tuka, kuma kuna so ku zama kamarsa&quot;.  Chandler ya sami yabo daga ''Mujallar Parade'' da ''Amurka A Yau'' kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa Ƙungiyar Makarantar Sakandare ta McDonald's All-American Team . A matsayinsa na sabon dalibi, an ba da labarinsa akan shirin talabijin na yau da kullun ''na mintuna 60'' .

A cikin ƙaramar shekararsa, Chandler ya sami matsakaicin maki 20, sake dawowa 12, taimako 6 da tubalan 3. A cikin babban shekararsa, Chandler ya jagoranci Dominguez zuwa gasar zakarun jiha da rikodin 31 – 4, matsakaicin maki 26, sake dawowa 15, da 8 ya toshe wasa. &lt;ref name=&quot;jockbio1&quot;/&gt; Jami'o'i da yawa ne suka ɗauki Chandler kuma sun ɗauki UCLA, Arizona, Syracuse, Memphis, Kentucky da Michigan . Chandler sannan ya ayyana don daftarin NBA na 2001 a matsayin prep-to-pro .

== Sana'ar sana'a ==

=== Chicago Bulls (2001-2006) ===
An zaɓi Chandler ta Los Angeles Clippers tare da zaɓi na biyu gabaɗaya a cikin daftarin NBA na 2001, kafin nan da nan a siyar da shi zuwa Chicago Bulls don tsohon No. 1 gabaɗaya Elton Brand . Bulls sun sanya ƙoƙarin sake gina su a bayan matasa biyu a Chandler da Eddy Curry . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=K.C. |date=June 18, 2016 |title=Bulls rolled dice on Tyson Chandler and Eddy Curry 15 years ago |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/basketball/bulls/ct-bulls-2001-draft-spt-0619-20160618-story.html |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ChicagoTribune.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lokacin Chandler na 2003–04 ya gan shi ya bayyana a cikin wasanni-ƙananan wasanni 35. Ya rasa watanni biyu a farkon kakar wasa tare da mummunan baya, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 31, 2004 |title=Bulls drop eight straight on road |url=http://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=240131022 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108184718/http://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=240131022 |archive-date=November 8, 2018 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; kafin ya ɓace makonni na ƙarshe na kakar bayan ya sauka a kan baya a kan Maris 27 a kan Atlanta Hawks . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 27, 2004 |title=Hawks win 2 in a row for second time this season |url=http://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=240327001 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108184634/http://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=240327001 |archive-date=November 8, 2018 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin Satumba 2005, Chandler ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru shida tare da Bulls. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 2, 2005 |title=Briefs: Chandler agrees to contract terms with Bulls |url=https://www.seattletimes.com/sports/briefs-chandler-agrees-to-contract-terms-with-bulls/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=SeattleTimes.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin Yuli 2006, Bulls sun nemi su magance Chandler, wanda ke da shekaru biyar da dala miliyan 54 a kan kwangilarsa, domin ya bi Ben Wallace . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stein |first=Marc |date=July 6, 2006 |title=Bulls to deal Chandler to Hornets for Brown, Smith |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/news/story?id=2510218 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== New Orleans Hornets (2006-2009) ===
[[Fayil:Tyson_Chandler.jpg|right|thumb| Chandler tare da Hornets a cikin Maris 2009]]
A kan Yuli 14, 2006, Chandler aka yi ciniki zuwa New Orleans Hornets a musayar [[P. J. Brown|PJ Brown]] da JR Smith . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 14, 2006 |title=Bulls trade Tyson Chandler to Hornets for PJ Brown and JR Smith |url=http://www.insidehoops.com/chandler-smith-brown-071406.shtml |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=InsideHoops.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Chandler ya jagoranci NBA a cikin tashin hankali a cikin 2006 – 07 da 2007 – 08, matsayi na biyu a gasar a cikin sake dawowa kowane wasa a cikin 2006 – 07 da na uku a sake dawowa kowane wasa a 2007 – 08. Ya kuma yi matsayi na biyu a cikin NBA a cikin kashi na burin filin a 2007 – 08 (.623) kuma da zai jagoranci gasar a .624 a cikin 2006 – 07 amma ya fadi a ragar filin wasa hudu ga mafi ƙarancin ƙididdiga don cancanta. &lt;ref name=&quot;bobcats-trade&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 28, 2009 |title=Bobcats Acquire Tyson Chandler from New Orleans Hornets |url=http://www.nba.com/bobcats/090728_release_chandler.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731112755/http://www.nba.com/bobcats/090728_release_chandler.html |archive-date=July 31, 2009 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kan Fabrairu 17, 2009, Chandler aka yi ciniki zuwa Oklahoma City Thunder a musayar Chris Wilcox, Joe Smith da daftarin hakkoki DeVon Hardin . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 17, 2009 |title=Thunder Acquire Center Tyson Chandler |url=http://www.nba.com/thunder/news/aquirechandler_090217.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090706075332/http://www.nba.com/thunder/news/aquirechandler_090217.html |archive-date=July 6, 2009 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan nazarin babban yatsan hannun hagu na Chandler duk da haka, Thunder ya ƙaddara cewa haɗarin sake rauni ya yi yawa kuma bai ba Chandler cikakken lissafin lafiya ba. A sakamakon haka, a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, an soke cinikin kuma an mayar da Chandler zuwa Hornets. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 18, 2009 |title=Thunder Rescind Trade for Tyson Chandler |url=https://www.nba.com/thunder/news/rescindtrade_090218.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091202095118/http://www.nba.com/thunder/news/rescindtrade_090218.html |archive-date=December 2, 2009 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chandler ya bayyana a wasanni 45 kacal a lokacin kakar 2008–09, inda ya rasa 29 daga cikin wasanni 44 na karshe na kungiyar saboda raunin da ya samu a idon sawunsa. &lt;ref name=&quot;bobcats-trade&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Broussard |first=Chris |last2=Stein |first2=Marc |date=February 20, 2009 |title=Thunder reject Chandler; trade off |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/news/story?id=3917505 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 19, 2009 |title=Artest, Rockets overcome Yao's absence, end Hornets' five-game home streak |url=http://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=290316003 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719140925/http://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=290316003 |archive-date=July 19, 2018 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 15, 2009 |title=Finley, Duncan key as Spurs clinch Southwest Division, No. 3 seed |url=http://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=290415024 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108184624/http://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=290415024 |archive-date=November 8, 2018 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chandler ya gama kakar wasa ta 2008 – 09 a matsayin shugaban rikon kwarya na kowane lokaci a cikin kaso na burin filin (.611) da sake dawowa kowane wasa (11.3), yayin da yake matsayi na biyar a cikin jimlar sake komawa duk da buga wasanni na 197 kawai tare da ƙungiyar (2,225). &lt;ref name=&quot;bobcats-trade&quot; /&gt;

=== Charlotte Bobcats (2009-2010) ===
A ranar 28 ga Yuli, 2009, an yi cinikin Chandler zuwa Charlotte Bobcats don musanya Emeka Okafor . &lt;ref name=&quot;bobcats-trade&quot;/&gt; A cikin kakarsa kadai tare da Bobcats, Chandler ya taka leda a wasanni 51 (farawa 27) kuma ya sami matsakaicin maki 6.5, 6.3 rebounds da 1.1 tubalan duk da damuwa da damuwa a ƙafar hagunsa wanda ya sa shi rasa wasanni 29. &lt;ref name=&quot;mavericks-trade&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 13, 2010 |title=MAVERICKS ACQUIRE CHANDLER AND AJINCA IN FIVE-PLAYER TRADE |url=http://www.nba.com/mavericks/news/mavericks_acquire_chler__2010_07_13.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100715235423/http://www.nba.com/mavericks/news/mavericks_acquire_chler__2010_07_13.html |archive-date=July 15, 2010 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dallas Mavericks (2010-2011) ===
[[Fayil:Tyson_Chandler_Mavs.jpg|right|thumb|316x316px| Chandler tare da Mavericks a cikin Fabrairu 2011]]
A kan Yuli 13, 2010, Chandler aka yi ciniki, tare da Alexis Ajinça, zuwa Dallas Mavericks a musayar Erick Dampier, Eduardo Nájera, Matt Carroll da tsabar kudi la'akari. &lt;ref name=&quot;mavericks-trade&quot;/&gt; Chandler ya kasance mafi dacewa a lokacin farkon kakarsa tare da Mavericks, yana maido da tsaron su a kan tawagar tare da Dirk Nowitzki, Jason Terry da Jason Kidd . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Neuharth-Keusch |first=AJ |date=February 16, 2016 |title=The most lopsided trades in NBA history |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2016/02/16/most-one-sided-trades-nba-history-kobe-bryant-vlade-divac/80398520/ |access-date=December 26, 2017 |website=USA Today}}&lt;/ref&gt; An yaba masa da baiwa Mavericks 'taurin kai' da ƙarfin kariya wanda suka rasa shi sosai, ya sami zaɓi ga ƙungiyar ta NBA All-Defensive Team na biyu don ƙoƙarinsa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=There's a New Sheriff In Town -- Knicks' Tyson Chandler Wins Defensive Player of the Year |url=https://en.paperblog.com/there-s-a-new-sheriff-in-town-knicks-tyson-chandler-wins-defensive-player-of-the-year-195179/ |access-date=September 6, 2012 |website=paperblog.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya taimaka musu su kai ga gasar NBA ta 2011, inda suka fuskanci Miami Heat . A cikin Wasan 4 da Heat, tare da Nowitzki a ƙarƙashin yanayi da cibiyar ajiyar kuɗi Brendan Haywood ya kasa ci gaba da kasancewa a wasan, Chandler yana da maki 13 da sake dawowa 16 a nasarar 86-83 wanda ya ɗaure jerin a 2–2. Ya kama alluna masu ban tsoro, tare da takwas suna zuwa bayan kwata na farko. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Caplan |first=Jeff |date=June 9, 2011 |title=Tyson Chandler rises to the occasion |url=https://www.espn.com/dallas/columns/story?columnist=caplan_jeff&amp;id=6641315 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mavericks sun ci gaba da doke Heat a wasanni shida, tare da Chandler ya lashe gasarsa ta farko kuma tilo. &lt;ref name=&quot;whats-next&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 14, 2011 |title=What's next for the Dallas Mavericks? |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/playoffs/2011/news/story?page=5-on-5Mavs-110614 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan kakar 2010–11, Chandler an ba da shawarar ya zama wakili na kyauta wanda ake nema sosai. &lt;ref name=&quot;whats-next&quot;/&gt; Gwanayen Jahar Golden State da Houston Rockets sun yi masa zagon ƙasa a tsakanin sauran ƙungiyoyi. &lt;ref name=&quot;MacMahon&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=MacMahon |first=Tim |date=December 11, 2011 |title=Tyson Chandler agrees with Knicks |url=https://www.espn.com.au/dallas/nba/story/_/id/7335637/center-tyson-chandler-agrees-terms-new-york-knicks |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yayin da suke sha'awar ci gaba da riƙe shi, Mavericks sun yi taka tsantsan kada su wuce gona da iri akan Chandler da haɗarin rasa Dwight Howard ko Deron Williams a 2012. &lt;ref name=&quot;whats-next&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-09-01 |title=Mark Cuban Reveals Biggest Free Agency Disappointment with Dallas Mavericks |url=https://www.si.com/nba/mavericks/news/mark-cuban-biggest-free-agency-disappointment-dallas-mavericks-dwight-howard-giannis-antetokounmpo |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=Dallas Mavericks On SI |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sakamakon haka, sun ba da yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu kawai ga Chandler, wanda ya ƙi. &lt;ref name=&quot;MacMahon&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dyce |first=Mike |date=June 30, 2014 |title=Mark Cuban still thinks breaking up 2011 Championship team was right decision |url=https://thesmokingcuban.com/2014/06/30/mark-cuban-still-thinks-breaking-up-2011-championship-team-was-right-decision/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=thesmokingcuban.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maigidan Mavericks Mark Cuban ya lalata ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar zakarun, inda ya zaɓi ƙara Lamar Odom, Vince Carter da Delonte West maimakon dawo da Chandler, JJ Barea da DeShawn Stevenson . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Daniels |first=David |date=December 31, 2011 |title=Mark Cuban Would Be Foolish to Blow Up Mavericks for Chance at Howard, Williams |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1004155-nba-rumors-mark-cuban-foolish-to-blow-up-team-for-chance-at-howard-and-williams |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=bleacherreport.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin, Cuban ya zaɓi ya ci gaba da taka tsantsan a zamanin sabuwar yarjejeniya ta haɗin gwiwa, yana gaskanta cewa sassaucin kuɗi (kuma ba tare da kulle tsoffin sojoji zuwa yarjejeniyar dogon lokaci da za ta cinye sararin samaniya a nan gaba) ya fi ƙima fiye da ƙoƙarin maimaitawa. zakara. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pollakoff |first=Brett |date=September 23, 2014 |title=Mark Cuban on bringing back Tyson Chandler: 'Let's just say I learn from my mistakes' |url=https://nba.nbcsports.com/2014/09/23/mark-cuban-on-bringing-back-tyson-chandler-lets-just-say-i-learn-from-my-mistakes/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=nbcsports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin watan Agusta 2016, Chandler ya yanke shawarar cewa idan Mavericks ba su rabu da kungiyar da ta lashe gasar zakarun 2011 ba, da sun ci gaba da lashe lakabi na baya-baya a 2012. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Webster |first=Danny |date=August 19, 2016 |title=Tyson Chandler tells Jason Terry the Mavericks would've won back-to-back NBA titles |url=https://www.mavsmoneyball.com/2016/8/19/12555746/tyson-chandler-jason-terry-mavericks-won-back-to-back-nba-titles |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=mavsmoneyball.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== New York Knicks (2011-2014) ===
[[Fayil:Tyson_Chandler_Emeka_Okafor.jpg|right|thumb| Chandler (#6) tare da Knicks a cikin Maris 2013]]
A kan Disamba 10, 2011, New York Knicks ya sami Chandler ta hanyar sa hannu-da-ciniki a matsayin wani ɓangare na cinikin ƙungiyoyi uku, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2011 |title=Three-team trade brings center Tyson Chandler to Knicks |url=http://www.insidehoops.com/blog/?p=8763 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=InsideHoops.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; shiga cikin Knicks akan kwangilar shekaru huɗu, $ 58 miliyan. &lt;ref name=&quot;MacMahon&quot;/&gt; Tare da Chandler ya kafa tsakiyar, tsaron New York ya inganta sosai a cikin 2011–12. &lt;ref name=&quot;dpoy&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 2, 2012 |title=Knicks' Chandler wins Kia Defensive Player of Year |url=http://www.nba.com/2012/news/05/02/dpoy-release |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507222043/http://www.nba.com/2012/news/05/02/dpoy-release/ |archive-date=May 7, 2012 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan kammala 22nd a cikin ingantaccen tsaro a cikin 2010–11, Knicks sun gama na biyar a ingantaccen tsaro a cikin 2011-12. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Begley |first=Ian |date=May 2, 2012 |title=Tyson Chandler wins award |url=https://www.espn.com/new-york/nba/story/_/id/7880443/new-york-knicks-tyson-chandler-wins-defensive-player-year |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Young |first=Royce |date=May 2, 2012 |title=Tyson Chandler wins Defensive Player of the Year in close vote with Serge Ibaka |url=https://www.cbssports.com/nba/news/tyson-chandler-wins-defensive-player-of-the-year-in-close-vote-with-serge-ibaka/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=cbssports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chandler ya kammala kakar wasa tare da jagorar gasar 67.9 kashi-gorancin filin, na uku mafi girma a tarihin gasar a lokacin bayan [[Wilton Norman Chamberlain|Wilt Chamberlain]] kawai tare da 72.7 a cikin 1972–73 da 68.3 a cikin 1966–67. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Beck |first=Howard |date=April 26, 2012 |title=After Restful Final Game, Knicks Head to Miami |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/27/sports/basketball/knicks-finish-with-a-win-and-move-on-to-miami.html |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin Mayu 2012, an ba shi kyautar NBA Defensive Player of the Year kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta NBA All-Defensive Team Na biyu . &lt;ref name=&quot;second-team&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Begley |first=Ian |date=May 24, 2012 |title=Tyson named to all-defensive second team |url=https://www.espn.com/blog/new-york/knicks/post/_/id/19852/tyson-named-to-nbas-all-defensive-second-team |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya zama dan wasa na farko a cikin tarihin ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar Faransa don lashe Gwarzon Dan Wasan Kare, &lt;ref name=&quot;dpoy&quot; /&gt; kuma ya shiga Alvin Robertson (1986) da [[Dikembe Mutombo]] (1995) a matsayin ‘yan wasan baya na shekara a kan Kungiyar Tsaro ta Biyu. &lt;ref name=&quot;second-team&quot; /&gt; Saboda tsarin kada kuri'a na All-Defensive, dan wasan Oklahoma City Serge Ibaka shi ne dan gaba a tawagar farko, yayin da Dwight Howard na Orlando ke tsakiya. &lt;ref name=&quot;second-team&quot; /&gt; Bugu da ƙari, an ba wa Chandler suna ga All-NBA Uku Team . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 24, 2012 |title=LeBron, Durant highlight 2011–12 All-NBA First Team |url=http://www.nba.com/2012/news/05/24/all-NBA-teams/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120622235136/http://www.nba.com/2012/news/05/24/all-NBA-teams/index.html |archive-date=June 22, 2012 |access-date=May 24, 2012 |publisher=NBA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin Janairu 2013, an nada Chandler a matsayin NBA All-Star a karon farko a cikin aikinsa na shekaru 12, yana samun zaɓi a matsayin ajiyar taron Gabas don 2013 NBA All-Star Game . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Shetler |first=Matt |date=January 24, 2013 |title=2013 NBA All-Star Game: Tyson Chandler makes first All-Star team |url=https://dailyknicks.com/2013/01/24/2013-nba-all-star-game-tyson-chandler-makes-first-all-star-team/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=dailyknicks.com |archive-date=September 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901132200/https://dailyknicks.com/2013/01/24/2013-nba-all-star-game-tyson-chandler-makes-first-all-star-team/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A farkon Fabrairu, ya ɗaure rikodin ikon amfani da ikon amfani da ikon amfani da ikon amfani da ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar kamfani tare da wasanni uku madaidaiciya 20-rebound, ya zama ɗan wasan Knicks na farko da ya sami 20 a cikin wasanni uku madaidaiciya tun Willis Reed a cikin Disamba 1969. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 4, 2013 |title=Tyson Chandler has 20 rebounds for third straight game as Knicks win |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400278430 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, yana da maki 16 da mafi kyawun aikin 28 a cikin nasarar 109 – 105 akan Jaruman Jihar Golden . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 27, 2013 |title=Stephen Curry's 54 points not enough as Warriors fall to Knicks |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400278573 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin Mayu 2013, an ba shi suna a cikin NBA All-Defensive First Team, ya zama dan wasa na farko na Knicks don samun lambar yabo ta ƙungiyar farko tun Charles Oakley a 1994. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Zwerling |first=Jared |date=May 14, 2013 |title=Chandler named to All-Defensive First Team |url=https://www.espn.com/blog/new-york/knicks/post/_/id/44203/chandler-named-to-all-defensive-first-team |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan kakar 2012-13, na uku na matsakaicin matsakaicin sau biyu yayin harbi aƙalla kashi 60 daga filin, Chandler ya dace da [[Wilton Norman Chamberlain|Wilt Chamberlain]] kuma ya shiga Artis Gilmore a matsayin ɗan wasa kawai a tarihin gasar don cimma wannan aƙalla sau uku a cikin ayyukansu ( DeAndre Jordan tun daga lokacin ya cika wannan aikin).

An lalata shi da rauni a farkon kakar 2013-14, ya ɗauki Chandler ɗan lokaci don dawo da salon sa. &lt;ref name=&quot;1314review&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Diglio |first=Frank |date=April 23, 2014 |title=Tyson Chandler: 2013-14 Season Review |url=https://dailyknicks.com/2014/04/23/player-evaluation-tyson-chandler/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=dailyknicks.com |archive-date=July 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715042350/https://dailyknicks.com/2014/04/23/player-evaluation-tyson-chandler/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Raunin gwiwa na dama ya sha wahala a kan Nuwamba 5 a kan Charlotte Bobcats &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 5, 2013 |title=Bobcats hold off Knicks late; Tyson Chandler hurt |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400488927 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma rashin lafiya na numfashi na sama ya jure a farkon Janairu &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2014 |title=Carmelo Anthony sparks Knicks' win over Mavericks |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400489376 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya haifar da Chandler ya bayyana a cikin wasanni na 55 kawai. &lt;ref name=&quot;1314review&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tyson Chandler 2013-14 Game Log |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/c/chandty01/gamelog/2014/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=Basketball-Reference.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Matsayi na biyu tare da Dallas (2014-2015) ===
A Yuni 25, 2014, Chandler aka yi ciniki da baya zuwa Dallas Mavericks tare da Raymond Felton a musayar Shane Larkin, Wayne Ellington, José Calderón, Samuel Dalembert, da kuma biyu na biyu zagaye picks a cikin 2014 NBA daftarin . &lt;ref name=&quot;reunion&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 25, 2014 |title=Mavs acquire Tyson Chandler, Raymond Felton from Knicks |url=http://www.mavs.com/mavs-acquire-tyson-chandler-raymond-felton-knicks/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628171056/http://www.mavs.com/mavs-acquire-tyson-chandler-raymond-felton-knicks/ |archive-date=June 28, 2017 |access-date=June 25, 2014 |website=Mavs.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yunkurin ya sake haduwa da Chandler tare da abokan wasan gasar Dirk Nowitzki da JJ Barea, da kuma koci Rick Carlisle . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sneed |first=Earl K. |date=May 5, 2015 |title=Tyson Chandler faced challenges in leading Mavs through '14-15 season |url=http://www.mavs.com/tyson-chandler-faced-challenges-in-leading-mavs-through-14-15-season/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031150859/http://www.mavs.com/tyson-chandler-faced-challenges-in-leading-mavs-through-14-15-season/ |archive-date=October 31, 2016 |website=Mavs.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wasanni 75 a lokacin kakar 2014 – 15, Chandler ya sami matsakaita sau biyu tare da maki 10.3 akan harbi na kashi 66.6 da sake dawowa 11.5, ban da tubalan 1.2. Tare da kashi 59.1 bisa dari a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2014-15, Chandler yana da kashi na biyu mafi girman burin filin a tarihin NBA tsakanin waɗanda ke da aƙalla 2,000, wanda ke bin Gilmore kawai. &lt;ref name=&quot;suns-sign&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 9, 2015 |title=Suns Sign Tyson Chandler |url=http://www.nba.com/suns/press-release/suns-sign-tyson-chandler |access-date=July 9, 2015 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Phoenix Suns (2015-2018) ===
A ranar 9 ga Yuli, 2015, Chandler ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu, dala miliyan 52 tare da Phoenix Suns . &lt;ref name=&quot;suns-sign&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stein |first=Marc |date=July 1, 2015 |title=Tyson Chandler agrees to four-year, $52 million deal with Suns |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/story/_/id/13182504/tyson-chandler-agrees-four-year-52-million-deal-phoenix-suns |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, ya sha wahala mai rauni na dama a kan Golden State Warriors . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 27, 2015 |title=Stephen Curry scores 41, Warriors pour in 3s to stretch record start to 17-0 |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400828123 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya rasa wasanni takwas. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 13, 2015 |title=Knight's 25 points lead Suns over Timberwolves 108-101 |url=http://www.nba.com/games/20151213/MINPHX/gameinfo.html |access-date=December 13, 2015 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;br1516&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tyson Chandler 2015-16 Game Log |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/c/chandty01/gamelog/2016/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=Basketball-Reference.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 21 ga Janairu, Chandler ya kama babban kakar wasanni 20 a cikin asarar 117-89 ga San Antonio Spurs . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 21, 2016 |title=Spurs cruise to 12th straight win, 117-89 win over Suns |url=http://www.nba.com/games/20160121/SASPHX/gameinfo.html |access-date=January 22, 2016 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwanaki biyu bayan haka, a cikin nasarar 98 – 95 akan Atlanta Hawks, Chandler ya ɗaure rikodin Suns tare da 27 rebounds, ciki har da 17 a farkon rabin, kuma yana da maki 13 da babban taimako biyar. Komawar sa guda 27 sun yi daidai da jimillar rikodin da Paul Sila ya kafa a 1971, kuma allunan cin zarafinsa 13 sun kafa rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani. Chandler kuma ya zama dan wasan Suns na farko a cikin tarihin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani don yin rikodin wasanni 20 a jere. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 23, 2016 |title=Goodwin hits 3 with 0.1 seconds left, Suns beat Hawks 98-95 |url=http://www.nba.com/games/20160123/ATLPHX/gameinfo.html |access-date=January 23, 2016 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kan Disamba 11, 2016, Chandler yana da maki 14 da sake dawowa 21 a cikin asarar karin lokaci na 120-119 ga New Orleans Pelicans . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2016 |title=Frazier gets triple-double, Pelicans beat Suns 120-119 in OT |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400899801 |access-date=December 11, 2016 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwanaki biyu bayan haka, ya kama mafi kyawun yanayi na 23 a cikin nasara akan New York Knicks 113–111 akan kari. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 13, 2016 |title=Bledsoe, Suns beat Knicks 113-111 in OT |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400899814 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tare da wasansa na uku na 20-rebound na kakar a ranar 3 ga Janairu a cikin nasara na 99–90 akan Miami Heat, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 3, 2017 |title=Heat vs. Suns – Box Score |url=https://www.espn.com.au/nba/boxscore?gameId=400899451 |access-date=January 3, 2017 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chandler ya zama ɗan wasa na farko na Suns tare da ƙari uku a cikin kakar wasa tun Charles Barkley (5) a cikin 1993–94 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 3, 2017 |title=With his third 20-rebound game this season... |url=https://twitter.com/SunsBballComm/status/816498102282514434 |access-date=January 4, 2017 |website=Twitter}} {{Dead link|date=November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 21 ga Janairu, a cikin nasara 107–105 akan New York Knicks, Chandler ya kafa tarihin ƙungiyar ta hanyar ɗaukar 15-da sake dawowa cikin wasanni bakwai a jere. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Haller |first=Doug |date=January 25, 2017 |title=Phoenix Suns' Tyson Chandler takes the fight to Father Time |url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/sports/nba/suns/2017/01/25/phoenix-suns-tyson-chandler-takes-fight-father-time/97061260/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=azcentral.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wata dare bayan kafa alamar, Chandler ya ƙare rikodin ikon ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar ikon mallakar mallakar Faransa da kuma aikinsa na wasanni 15 a jere a jere a wasanni bakwai tare da sake dawowa tara a kan Toronto Raptors . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 22, 2017 |title=Bledsoe's career day leads Suns over Raptors 115-103 |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400900084 |access-date=January 22, 2017 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mafi kyawun lokacin sa na kakar ya zo tsakanin Janairu 19 – 24, inda yake da wasanni uku na sama da maki 16 (matsakaicin 17.25) da sama da 16 rebounds (matsakaicin 14.5), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Daniels |first=Matthew |date=May 9, 2017 |title=2016-17 Player Reviews: Tyson Chandler |url=https://valleyofthesuns.com/2017/05/09/2016-17-player-reviews-tyson-chandler/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=valleyofthesuns.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; gami da zira kwallaye a kakar 22 maki sau biyu. &lt;ref name=&quot;br1617&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tyson Chandler 2016-17 Game Log |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/c/chandty01/gamelog/2017/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=Basketball-Reference.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chandler ya bayyana a cikin wasanni 47 na farkon wasannin 57 na Suns kafin a kashe shi bayan hutun All-Star. &lt;ref name=&quot;br1617&quot; /&gt; An bayar da rahoton cewa, Chandler ya shaida wa kamfanin Suns a wa'adin cinikin cewa ba ya son a yi masa mu'amala, kuma sun amince da bukatarsa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Matt |date=March 17, 2017 |title=Tyson Chandler rejected pre-deadline trade to NBA contender to stick with lowly Suns |url=https://www.cbssports.com/nba/news/tyson-chandler-rejected-pre-deadline-trade-to-nba-contender-to-stick-with-lowly-suns/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=cbssports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A lokacin kakar 2017 – 18, Chandler ya yi yaƙi ta hanyar rauni a wuyansa wanda ya ba shi rauni lokaci-lokaci don jimlar wasanni 36. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sidery |first=Evan |date=August 11, 2018 |title=BSOTS 2018-19 Player Previews: Tyson Chandler |url=https://www.brightsideofthesun.com/2018/8/11/17657076/bsots-2018-19-player-previews-tyson-chandler-phoenix-suns-nba-news |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=brightsideofthesun.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 14 ga Janairu, 2018, Chandler ya ci karo da 14 a kan Indiana Pacers don zama dan wasa na 40 a tarihin gasar da ya kai 10,000 don aikinsa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 14, 2018 |title=Collison, Oladipo lead balanced Pacers to rout of Phoenix |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400975382 |access-date=January 14, 2018 |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya buga wasanni 46 kawai a cikin 2017 – 18, gami da bata watan karshe na kakar wasa. &lt;ref name=&quot;br1718&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tyson Chandler 2017-18 Game Log |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/c/chandty01/gamelog/2018/ |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=Basketball-Reference.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan fara kakar 2018-19 tare da raguwar rawar da ya taka saboda zuwan rookie Deandre Ayton, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Helin |first=Kurt |date=November 3, 2018 |title=Reports: Suns to buy out Tyson Chandler; Lakers will be landing spot |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/reports-suns-buy-tyson-chandler-223332976.html |access-date=November 4, 2018 |website=Yahoo.com |archive-date=July 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715064318/https://sports.yahoo.com/reports-suns-buy-tyson-chandler-223332976.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Chandler da Suns sun cimma yarjejeniyar siyan kuɗi a kan Nuwamba 4, 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2018 |title=Suns and Tyson Chandler Reach Buyout Agreement |url=https://www.nba.com/suns/press-release/suns-and-tyson-chandler-reach-buyout-agreement |access-date=November 4, 2018 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Los Angeles Lakers (2018-2019) ===
A kan Nuwamba 6, 2018, Chandler ya sanya hannu tare da Los Angeles Lakers . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 6, 2018 |title=Lakers Sign Tyson Chandler |url=https://www.nba.com/lakers/releases/181106-lakers-sign-tyson-chandler |access-date=November 6, 2018 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Houston Rockets (2019-2020) ===
A ranar 19 ga Yuli, 2019, Chandler ya sanya hannu tare da Rockets na Houston . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 19, 2019 |title=Rockets Sign Free Agent Tyson Chandler |url=https://www.nba.com/rockets/news/rockets-sign-free-agent-tyson-chandler |access-date=July 19, 2019 |website=NBA.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An buga wasan karshe na NBA na Chandler a Wasan 5 na 2020 Taron Farko na Yammacin Turai a ranar 29 ga Agusta, 2020, da Oklahoma City Thunder. A waccan wasan Tyson ya shiga cikin kasa da minti 1 kuma ya harbi 2 kyauta (rasa duka biyun). Rockets za su yi nasara a wasan 114 - 80 kuma su ci gaba da cin nasara a cikin jerin wasanni 7.

== Aikin tawagar kasa ==
[[Fayil:Tyson_Chandler_(4).jpg|right|thumb| Chandler tare da tawagar Amurka a watan Yuli 2012]]
An nada Chandler a matsayin na farko a cikin tawagar 'yan wasan Amurka wadanda suka fafata a gasar Olympics ta Beijing ta 2008 .

Chandler ya kasance memba na tawagar Amurka a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIBA ta 2010, kungiyar da ta kare da ci 9-0 a gasar kuma ta lashe lambar zinare, gasar cin kofin duniya ta farko ta Amurka tun 1994. Ya taka leda a duk wasannin gasar cin kofin duniya tara a matsayin cibiyar ajiya, matsakaicin 2.6 ppg da 2.7 rpg, ya harbi kashi 64.3 daga filin, kuma ya toshe harbi biyar. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=USA Basketball Profile: Tyson Chandler |url=http://www.usabasketball.com/bios/chandler_tyson.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130305210517/http://www.usabasketball.com/bios/chandler_tyson.html |archive-date=March 5, 2013 |access-date=February 21, 2013 |publisher=usabasketball.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An zabi Chandler don buga wa tawagar Amurka wasa a gasar Olympics ta lokacin bazara ta 2012, kuma an nada shi cibiyar farawa ta kungiyar. Tawagar Amurka ta kammala gasar ba tare da an doke ta ba kuma ta samu lambar zinare a kan Spain da ci 107–100. Chandler ya buga mintuna 9, kuma ya yi 1 cikin 2 daga filin wasa. Ya karasa wasan da maki biyu, wadanda sune maki na farko da aka samu a wasan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 12, 2012 |title=Gold Medal Game Statistics |url=http://www.usabasketball.com/mens/national/12_moly_game_08_stats.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814114535/http://www.usabasketball.com/mens/national/12_moly_game_08_stats.html |archive-date=August 14, 2012 |access-date=August 12, 2012 |publisher=usabasketball.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin koyarwa ==
A lokacin bazara na 2021, Chandler ya zama kocin haɓaka ɗan wasa don Dallas Mavericks . &lt;ref name=&quot;Mavs_October29&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 28, 2021 |title=Tyson Chandler is - unofficially - back with the Mavs |url=https://www.mavs.com/chandlersortofback/ |access-date=October 29, 2021 |website=Dallas Mavericks}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
Har ya kai shekaru 10, Chandler ya girma tare da kakansa a wata gona a tsakiyar California.  

'Yar uwarsa, Erica, ta buga wasan kwallon kwando a Jami'ar Pepperdine .  Yana da 'yan'uwa uku: Terrell, Tervon, da Ryan.  Kakarsa ta uba 'yar Jamus ce.  Chandler ɗan Frank Chandler ne kuma marigayi Vernie Re Threadgill. 

Chandler da matarsa Kimberly sun yi aure a shekara ta 2005. Suna da 'ya'ya uku. Chandler da matarsa sun shirya wata sadaka don taimakawa iyalan [[New Orleans]] da suka sha wahala daga guguwar Katrina . Ƙungiyoyin agaji sun taimaka wajen siyan &quot;kananan abubuwa&quot; (kamar yadda Chandler ya ce) don gidajen iyalai: TV, murhu, microwaves, firiji, tukwane, kwanon rufi da dai sauransu. Matan abokan wasan Chandler sun taimaka a kokarin. 

Ya kasance batun takaitaccen bugu na zine mai kwafi 100 mai taken &quot;Tyson Chandler&quot;. An kirkiro zine a cikin fall 2011 ta Camilla Venturini da mai daukar hoto Ari Marcopoulos, kuma shine batun dogon labari a cikin ''Wall Street Journal'' . 

A cikin 2016, Chandler ya shiga UNICEF Kid Power a matsayin Zakaran Wutar Lantarki na UNICEF don manufa a Uganda, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tyson Chandler: UNICEF Kid Power Champion |url=https://unicefkidpower.org/champions/mission-uganda-tyson-chandler/ |website=UNICEF Kid Power |access-date=2024-12-18 |archive-date=2017-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221110915/https://unicefkidpower.org/champions/mission-uganda-tyson-chandler/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; a ƙoƙarin yaƙi da rashin abinci mai gina jiki a duniya da kuma wayar da kan yara, ta hanyar &quot;sawa mai kyau&quot; na farko a duniya.

Chandler da matarsa Kimberly sun rabu a watan Agusta 2021. A watan Satumba na 2021, matarsa ta shigar da karar kisan aure, saboda bambance-bambancen da ba za a iya sulhuntawa ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marconja Zor |date=September 16, 2021 |title=NBA star Tyson Chandler's wife files for divorce after 16 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/nba-star-tyson-chandler-wife-204500799.html |access-date=October 7, 2021 |publisher=[[Yahoo! News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 17, 2021 |title=Ex-NBA Player Tyson Chandler And His Wife Are Divorcing After 16 Years |url=https://www.bet.com/article/j1uf5y/tyson-chandler-and-his-wife-are-divorcing |access-date=October 7, 2021 |publisher=[[BET]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715064244/https://www.bet.com/article/j1uf5y/tyson-chandler-and-his-wife-are-divorcing |archive-date=July 15, 2022 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kididdigar aikin NBA ==
{{NBA player statistics legend|champion=y|leader=y}}

=== Lokaci na yau da kullun ===
{{NBA player statistics start}}
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2001}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2001–02 Chicago Bulls season|Chicago]]
| 71 || 31 || 19.6 || .497 || {{Sort|-|—}} || .604 || 4.8 || .8 || .4 || 1.3 || 6.1
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2002}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2002–03 Chicago Bulls season|Chicago]]
| 75 || 68 || 24.4 || .531 || {{Sort|-|—}} || .608 || 6.9 || 1.0 || .5 || 1.4 || 9.2
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2003}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2003–04 Chicago Bulls season|Chicago]]
| 35 || 8 || 22.3 || .424 || .000 || .669 || 7.7 || .7 || .5 || 1.2 || 6.1
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2004}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2004–05 Chicago Bulls season|Chicago]]
| '''80''' || 10 || 27.4 || .494 || .000 || .673 || 9.7 || .8 || '''.9''' || '''1.8''' || 8.0
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2005}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2005–06 Chicago Bulls season|Chicago]]
| 79 || 50 || 26.8 || .565 || .000 || .503 || 9.0 || 1.0 || .5 || 1.3 || 5.3
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2006}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2006–07 New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets season|New Orleans]]
| 73 || 73 || 34.6 || .624 || .000 || .527 || '''12.4''' || .9 || .5 || '''1.8''' || 9.5
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2007}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2007–08 New Orleans Hornets season|New Orleans]]
| 79 || '''79''' || '''35.2''' || .623 || .000 || .593 || 11.7 || 1.0 || .6 || 1.1 || '''11.8'''
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2008}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2008–09 New Orleans Hornets season|New Orleans]]
| 45 || 45 || 32.1 || .565 || {{Sort|-|—}} || .579 || 8.7 || .5 || .3 || 1.2 || 8.8
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2009}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2009–10 Charlotte Bobcats season|Charlotte]]
| 51 || 27 || 22.8 || .574 || {{Sort|-|—}} || .732 || 6.3 || .3 || .3 || 1.1 || 6.5
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;&quot;|{{nbay|2010}}†
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2010–11 Dallas Mavericks season|Dallas]]
| 74 || 74 || 27.8 || .654 || {{Sort|-|—}} || .732 || 9.4 || .4 || .5 || 1.1 || 10.1
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2011}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2011–12 New York Knicks season|New York]]
| 62 || 62 || 33.2 || style=&quot;background:#cfecec;&quot;| .679* || .000 || .689 || 11.0 || .9 || '''.9''' || 1.4 || 11.3
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2012}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2012–13 New York Knicks season|New York]]
| 66 || 66 || 32.8 || .638 || {{Sort|-|—}} || .694 || 10.7 || .9 || .6 || 1.1 || 10.4
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2013}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2013–14 New York Knicks season|New York]]
| 55 || 55 || 30.2 || .593 || .000 || .632 || 9.6 || '''1.1''' || .7 || 1.1 || 8.7
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2014}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2014–15 Dallas Mavericks season|Dallas]]
| 75 || 75 || 30.5 || .666 || {{Sort|-|—}} || .720 || 11.5 || '''1.1''' || .6 || 1.2 || 10.3
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2015}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2015–16 Phoenix Suns season|Phoenix]]
| 66 || 60 || 24.5 || .583 || .000 || .620 || 8.7 || 1.0 || .5 || .7 || 7.2
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2016}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2016–17 Phoenix Suns season|Phoenix]]
| 47 || 46 || 27.6 || .671 || {{Sort|-|—}} || '''.734''' || 11.5 || .6 || .7 || .5 || 8.4
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2017}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2017–18 Phoenix Suns season|Phoenix]]
| 46 || 46 || 25.0 || .647 || {{Sort|-|—}} || .617 || 9.1 || 1.2 || .3 || .6 || 6.5
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; rowspan=2| {{nbay|2018}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2018–19 Phoenix Suns season|Phoenix]]
| 7 || 0 || 12.7 || .667 || {{Sort|-|—}} || .556 || 5.6 || .9 || .3 || .1 || 3.7
|-

| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2018–19 Los Angeles Lakers season|L.A. Lakers]]
| 48 || 6 || 16.4 || .609 || .000 || .594 || 5.6 || .6 || .4 || .5 || 3.1
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| {{nbay|2019}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2019–20 Houston Rockets season|Houston]]
| 26 || 5 || 8.4 || '''.778''' || {{Sort|-|—}} || .462 || 2.5 || .2 || .2 || .3 || 1.3
|- class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;| Career
| 1,160 || 886 || 27.3 || .597 || .000 || .644 || 9.0 || .8 || .5 || 1.2 || 8.2
|- class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;| All-Star
| 1 || 0 || 17.0 || .400 || .000 || 1.000 || 8.0 || .0 || .0 || .0 || 7.0
{{S-end}}

=== Wasan wasa ===
{{NBA player statistics start}}
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2005 NBA playoffs|2005]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2004–05 Chicago Bulls season|Chicago]]
| 6 || 0 || 28.7 || .475 || .000 || .696 || 9.7 || '''1.3''' || .2 || '''2.2''' || '''11.7'''
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2006 NBA playoffs|2006]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2005–06 Chicago Bulls season|Chicago]]
| 6 || 0 || 17.3 || '''.667''' || .000 || .300 || 4.5 || .5 || .3 || .3 || 1.8
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2008 NBA playoffs|2008]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2007–08 New Orleans Hornets season|New Orleans]]
| 12 || 12 || '''34.3''' || .632 || .000 || .625 || 10.3 || .4 || .4 || 1.7 || 8.0
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2009 NBA playoffs|2009]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2008–09 New Orleans Hornets season|New Orleans]]
| 4 || 4 || 23.5 || .500 || .000 || .500 || 5.3 || .5 || .5 || .3 || 3.8
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2010 NBA playoffs|2010]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2009–10 Charlotte Bobcats season|Charlotte]]
| 4 || 0 || 15.0 || .545 || .000 || .667 || 2.5 || .5 || .5 || .8 || 3.5
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;&quot;|[[2011 NBA playoffs|2011]]†
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2010–11 Dallas Mavericks season|Dallas]]
| '''21''' || '''21''' || 32.4 || .582 || .000 || .679 || 9.2 ||  .4 ||  .6 || .9 || 8.0
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2012 NBA playoffs|2012]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2011–12 New York Knicks season|New York]]
| 5 || 5 || 33.4 || .440 || .000 || .600 || 9.0 || .8 || '''1.4''' || 1.4 || 6.2
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2013 NBA playoffs|2013]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2012–13 New York Knicks season|New York]]
| 12 || 12 || 29.2 || .538 || .000 || '''.750''' || 7.3 || .3 || .7 || 1.2 || 5.7
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2015 NBA playoffs|2015]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2014–15 Dallas Mavericks season|Dallas]]
| 5 || 5 || 32.0 || .655 || .000 || .500 || '''10.8''' || .2 || .6 || 1.2 || 10.2
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[2020 NBA playoffs|2020]]
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;| [[2019–20 Houston Rockets season|Houston]]
| 1 || 0 || 0.0 || .000 || .000 || .000 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0
|- class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;| Career
| 76 || 59 || 28.9 || .566 || .000 || .628 || 8.1 || .5 || .6 || 1.1 || 6.9
{{S-end}}

== Bayanan kula ==
&lt;nowiki&gt;.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}&lt;/nowiki&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin shugabannin NBA masu sake dawowa aiki
* Jerin ayyukan NBA ya toshe shugabannin
* Jerin sunayen shugabanni na sirri na aikin NBA
* Jerin jagororin fagen burin aikin NBA
* Jerin lokutan NBA da aka buga shugabannin

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>nhjimuwyb9wx128sgi1jwdfd0jh29iu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Clint Hill (mai wasan ƙwallon ƙafa)</title>
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      <text bytes="17430" sha1="bo3eske1ai157a94q78c0bs15ghhgzf" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
 '''Clinton Scott Hill''' (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga wata  Oktoba shekara ta  1978) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ya yi wasa a matsayin mai tsaron gida. A halin yanzu mataimakin manajan kungiyar League One ta Stockport County ne.


Hill ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar Tranmere Rovers a shekarar 1997. Ya shiga cikin tawagar farko kuma ya zama na yau da kullun yayin da Rovers suka kai wasan karshe na Kofin League a shekarar 2000. An kori Hill duk da haka yayin da Tranmere ya rasa 2-1. Ya kasance a Prenton Park har zuwa 2002 lokacin da ya shiga Oldham Athletic kuma bayan ya burge shi a can kungiyar Championship ta Stoke City ta sanya hannu. An yanke kakar wasa ta farko tare da Stoke saboda raunin da ya hana lokacinsa a kulob din. Ya tafi Crystal Palace bayan ya buga wasanni 84 a Stoke a cikin shekaru biyar.

A Fadar ya taka leda sosai duk da kulob din da ke fama da kudi kuma lokacin da kocin Neil Warnock ya koma Queens Park Rangers Hill ya bi shi a watan Yulin 2010. A kakar wasa ta farko a Loftus Road QPR ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai kuma ya sami ci gaba zuwa Premier League. Sun ci gaba da tabbatar da tsira a ranar karshe ta kakar, Hill ya lashe kyautar magoya bayan shekara saboda wasan kwaikwayonsa duk da buga wasanni 25 kuma ya kwashe ɗan gajeren lokaci a aro a Nottingham Forest.

== Ayyukan wasa ==

=== Masu tafiya na Tranmere ===
An haife shi a Huyton, Merseyside, Hill ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mai horar da shi a Tranmere Rovers, inda ya fara bugawa a lokacin da ya buga wasan 2-2 da Nottingham Forest a kakar 1997-98. A kakar 1998-99 Hill ya zama mai farawa na yau da kullun a gefen Tranmere kuma ya kasance wani ɓangare na tawagar da ta taka leda a gasar cin kofin Ingila ta 2000 a Filin wasa na Wembley da Leicester City . Koyaya an kori Hill a lokacin wasan kuma Tranmere ya rasa wasan 2-1 .  Hill ya buga wasanni 140 a cikin shekaru biyar a cikin tawagar farko ta Tranmere.

=== Oldham Athletic ===
A £ 250,000 tafiye-tafiye zuwa Oldham Athletic a shekara ta 2002  ya gan shi ya fara wasanni 17 kawai a kakar wasa daya kafin a yanke shi lokacin da Hill ya karya kafa a lokacin gasar cin Kofin League da Crystal Palace a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002, wanda ya sa ya kasance a gefe don sauran kakar 2002-03. Hill ya zira kwallaye guda daya ga Latics, abin mamaki a kan Tranmere. Daga nan aka ba Hill £ 120,000 zuwa Stoke City a lokacin rani na shekara ta 2003. 

=== Birnin Stoke ===
Lokacin farko na Hill a Stoke City ya rushe saboda rauni kuma an tilasta masa ya zauna a cikin kakar 2003-04,  inda ya fara farawa da tara na farko da kuma sauyawa uku. Koyaya Hill ya burge a lokacin kakar wasa ta biyu a Stoke tare da ikonsa na karewa kuma ya lashe kyautar dan wasan shekara ta kulob din a kakar 2004-05.

Koyaya, aikin Hill a Stoke ya sami cikas ta hanyar raunin gwiwa, ya lalata haɗin gwiwar da ya gabata zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2004-05 wanda ya hana shi sake yin wasa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2005-06,  duk da haka ya yi tasiri nan take a dawowarsa, ya kafa haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi tare da Michael Duberry a tsakiya.

Ya sami kansa ba zai iya riƙe matsayi na farko na yau da kullun ba a lokacin kakar 2006-07, tare da Danny Higginbotham da Michael Duberry sun fi so shi a matsayin masu tsaron tsakiya na farko da Andy Griffin ke zaune a gefen hagu. Ya yi mafi yawan bayyanarsa a lokacin kakar 2006-07 a matsayin mai tsayawa a hagu. Koyaya, an kawo ƙarshen kakar Hill zuwa ƙarshen lokaci lokacin da ya buƙaci ƙarin tiyata a kan wannan gwiwoyin da ya ji rauni a shekara ta 2005.

Ya kasance a Stoke na rabi na farko na kakar wasa mai zuwa, kodayake ya shiga Crystal Palace a aro a watan Oktoba. Abin mamaki shine, fitowarsa ta ƙarshe ga Stoke ya kasance bayyanar marigayi a matsayin mai maye gurbin a cikin nasara a Fadar.

=== Fadar Crystal ===
[[Fayil:Users-tom-Desktop-9493.jpg|thumb|290x290px|Hill yana wasa a Crystal Palace a 2008]]
Hanyar Hill don shiga Neil Warnock's Eagles ta kasance na farko na watanni biyu. Bayan ya burge sosai, sai ya yi tafiya ta dindindin don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba a watan Janairun 2008.  Ya kafa kansa a matsayin zaɓi na farko da ya bar baya, kuma ya zama wanda ya fi so saboda halin sana'a da sadaukarwa. Bayan nasarar da suka samu a kakar wasa ta farko a Fadar, inda suka shiga wasan kusa da na karshe, Hill ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai kyau a kakar 2008-09. Duk da wasan kwaikwayon da ya yi, Fadar ta gama a matsayi na 15 a teburin Championship.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Championship 2008/09 |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/tournaments/tournament.sd?tourn_id=142 |access-date=24 October 2011 |website=Soccerbase |publisher=Racing Post}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani lokaci mai banƙyama na 2009-10 ya ga Fadar a cikin mawuyacin halin kudi tare da raguwar maki goma da matsayi na ƙarshe a cikin rukuni na 21.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Championship 2009/10 |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/tournaments/tournament.sd?tourn_id=4 |access-date=24 October 2011 |website=Soccerbase |publisher=Racing Post}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Queens Park Rangers ===
A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2010, Hill ya bar fadar a kan canja wurin kyauta don shiga Queens Park Rangers  kuma ya sake haɗuwa da tsohon shugabansa Neil Warnock . A ranar 7 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2010, Hill ya fara bugawa QPR a cikin nasara 4-0 a kan Barnsley inda ya sami takardar shaidarsa ta farko. Hill ya zira kwallaye na farko ga QPR a kan Portsmouth a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2011.  Hill ya buga wasanni sama da talatin ga Hoops kuma ya sanya matsayin hagu na baya da ƙarfi. Ya zira kwallaye na biyu ga QPR a nasarar 2-0 a gida a kan Ipswich Town, a wasan da ya kuma kafa kwallaye ga Heiðar Helguson don rufe nasarar.

Bayan QPR ta rufe taken Championship,  Hill ya sami damar yin wasa a Premier League a karo na farko a cikin aikinsa. Koyaya, an kore shi a ranar buɗewar kakar don buga wa Martin Petrov na Bolton Wanderers nasara 4-0 a Loftus Road. A ranar 20 ga Satumba 2011, Hill ya sanya hannu ga Nottingham Forest a kan yarjejeniyar aro ta gaggawa ta kwanaki 93, an ba shi lambar tawagar uku. Saboda raunin da Matthew Connolly da Danny Gabbidon suka samu, an tuno da wuri daga lokacin da ya ranta a Forest. Hill ya buga wa Forest wasa sau biyar. Bayan dawowarsa daga rance, da kuma nadin Mark Hughes a matsayin manajan, Hill ya zama na yau da kullun a cikin Rangers farawa 11, yana samar da haɗin gwiwa mai karfi tare da Anton Ferdinand. A ranar 10 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2012, an hana Hill abin da zai kasance burinsa na farko na Premier League lokacin da ya kai ga abokan hamayyarsa Bolton a bayyane ya tsallake layin, amma dan wasan ya kasa gano wannan kuma ba a ba da burin ba. QPR ta ci gaba da rasa wasan 2-1. Hill ya 'gutted' game da cewa an hana shi burin farko na Premier League.

A ƙarshen kakar 2011-12 QPR ta tsira a ranar ƙarshe ta kakar duk da shan kashi 3-2 ga [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]]. An ba Hill lambar yabo ga magoya baya da 'yan wasa na kakar saboda kyawawan wasan da ya yi wa Rangers a kakar 2011-12.  Kwangilar Hill za ta ƙare a lokacin rani na 2012 duk da haka Hill yana da sha'awar zama a Loftus Road. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2012, QPR ta ba Hill sabon kwangila. A ranar 19 ga watan Yunin 2012 Clint ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekara guda a kulob din har zuwa shekara ta 2013.

A kakar 2012-13 ya ga Hill a ciki da kuma daga cikin farawa 11 a karkashin Mark Hughes; duk da haka, ya kasance a cikin tawagar tun lokacin da Harry Redknapp ya zama kocin tare da Rangers a cikin matsala mai zurfi. Redknapp ne ya ba shi kyaftin din wanda ya maye gurbin Park Ji-Sung.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 January 2013 |title=QPR hand Clint Hill captain's role |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/qpr-hand-clint-hill-captains-role-8463672.html |access-date=20 May 2013 |website=Evening Standard |publisher=ES Media}}&lt;/ref&gt; QPR ta kasa fita daga yankin sakewa kuma an sake su zuwa gasar zakarun Turai bayan da aka zana 0-0 a Reading a ranar 28 ga Afrilu 2013. 

Hill ya kasance kyaftin din a kakar 2013-14. Ya fara wasanni a tsakiya da hagu, ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin shekaru biyu da rabi a nasarar 1-0 zuwa [[Leeds United F.C.|Leeds]] a Elland Road. Ya sake zira kwallaye a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba a cikin nasarar 2-1 a kan Derby County. Hill ya jagoranci tawagar a Wembley yayin da Rangers suka lashe gasar zakarun Turai 1-0 a kan Derby County .  Hill ya sake sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda don kyaftin din kulob din don kakar wasa ta farko. A ranar 7 ga Afrilu 2015 Hill ya zira kwallaye na farko na Premier League, ya tashi sama da tsaron Aston Villa don ya jagoranci kusurwar Matt Phillips da ta wuce Brad Guzan a minti na 55 don yin wasan 2-2, ci na karshe ya kasance 3-3. Bayan ya bayyana sau 15 a kakar 2015-16 an gaya masa cewa ba za a sabunta kwantiraginsa ba. Wasansa na karshe ga R's ya kasance nasara 1-0 a gida ga [[Bristol]] City, ya taimaka wa kulob din ya kammala na 12 a kakar wasa ta farko a matakin na biyu.

=== Rangers ===
A ranar 17 ga watan Yunin 2016, Hill ya shiga kungiyar [[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]] ta Scottish Premier a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda kafin a sake shi daga Queens Park Rangers .  Ya fara bugawa kulob din wasa a gasar cin Kofin League da Annan Athletic a ranar 19 ga watan Yuli. A yin haka, Hill ya zama dan wasa mafi tsufa a tarihin kulob din, yana da shekaru 37,  274. Ya karya rikodin  da daya wanda mai tsaron gida Billy Thomson wanda ke da shekaru 37,  50 lokacin da ya yi bayyanar Rangers.

Hill ya zira kwallaye na farko ga Rangers tare da wani sashi a gasar cin Kofin Scottish League da Peterhead a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta 2016.  Ya zira kwallaye na farko a kulob din a 1-1 draw tare da Ross County a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba. Wannan burin, yana da shekaru 38 da kwanaki 10, ya sanya Hill ya zama dan wasan da ya fi tsufa a gasar Firimiya ta Scotland tun lokacin da Lee Bullen ya zira kwallaye yana da shekaru38 da kwanaki 238 ga Falkirk a kan Hamilton Academical a 2009. An kori Hill a karo na farko a matsayin dan wasan Rangers, a lokacin rauni, yayin wasan league da Aberdeen bayan ya karbi gargadi biyu. Bayan wasu nuni masu ƙarfi ga Rangers, Hill an haɗa shi da komawa zuwa Queen's Park Rangers a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2016, tare da kulob din Loftus Road da aka ruwaito yana neman sanya hannu a kansa a kan yarjejeniyar kwangila tare da sake haɗuwa da su a kan canja wurin kyauta a lokacin rani na shekara ta 2017. 

Hill ya zira kwallaye a wasan Old Firm da Celtic a ranar 12 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2017, yayin da wasan ya ƙare 1-1 . 

=== Carlisle United ===
Hill ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar gajeren lokaci tare da Carlisle United a watan Satumbar 2017. A watan Mayu 2018, ya sanar da ritayar sa daga kwallon kafa bayan ya bar Carlisle United.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=CONTRACT: Defender agrees short-term deal |url=https://www.carlisleunited.co.uk/news/2017/september/hillsigns21sep17/ |access-date=21 September 2017 |website=Carlisle United}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan horarwa ==
A ranar 21 ga Mayu 2018, an nada shi a matsayin mai horar da tawagar farko a Fleetwood Town tare da tsohon kocin Rochdale Steve Eyre . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 May 2018 |title=Fleetwood Town: Clint Hill and Steve Eyre join Joey Barton's backroom staff |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44200561 |publisher=BBC Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hill ya bar Fleetwood a watan Janairun 2021 lokacin da aka cire kocin Joey Barton daga aikinsa. A ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, ya bi Barton da Andy Mangan don shiga Bristol Rovers.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 February 2021 |title=Joey Barton Announced as Bristol Rovers Manager |url=https://www.bristolrovers.co.uk/news/2021/february/club-statement-manager/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517104501/https://www.bristolrovers.co.uk/news/2021/february/club-statement-manager/ |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=22 February 2021 |website=bristolrovers.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 14 ga watan Agustan 2021, bayan da aka ci Stevenage 2-0 a gida, an sanar da cewa Hill ya bar kulob din saboda dalilai na iyali.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 August 2021 |title=Statement – Clint Hill |url=https://www.bristolrovers.co.uk/news/2021/august/Clint-hill/ |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=bristolrovers.co.uk |archive-date=14 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814172808/https://www.bristolrovers.co.uk/news/2021/august/Clint-hill/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Oktoba 2021, an nada Hill a matsayin mataimakin kocin kungiyar Hartlepool United ta League Two . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Clint Hill joins Pools – News – Hartlepool United |url=https://www.hartlepoolunited.co.uk/news/2021/october/clint-hill-joins-pools/ |access-date=2024-12-31 |archive-date=2024-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530200347/https://www.hartlepoolunited.co.uk/news/2021/october/clint-hill-joins-pools/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Hill ya bar kulob din wata daya bayan tashiwar kocin Dave Challinor.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 November 2021 |title=Club Statement: Clint Hill |url=https://www.hartlepoolunited.co.uk/news/2021/november/club-statement-clint-hill/ |access-date=18 November 2021 |website=hartlepoolunited.co.uk |archive-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118093302/https://www.hartlepoolunited.co.uk/news/2021/november/club-statement-clint-hill/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Kashegari Hill ya bi Challinor zuwa Stockport County a matsayin mataimakin manajan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 November 2021 |title=Hill appointed as Assistant Manager |url=https://www.stockportcounty.com/hill-appointed-as-assistant-manager/ |access-date=22 November 2021 |website=stockportcounty.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kididdigar aiki ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Lokacin
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ƙungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kofin Kasa
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kofin League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Sauran
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
|-
!Rarraba
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Masu tafiya na Tranmere
|1997–98
|Sashe na Farko
|14
|0
|3
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|17
|1
|-
|1998–99
|Sashe na Farko
|33
|4
|0
|0
|5
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|38
|4
|-
|1999–2000
|Sashe na Farko
|29
|5
|1
|0
|6
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|36
|7
|-
|2000–01
|Sashe na Farko
|34
|5
|3
|0
|6
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|43
|6
|-
|[[2001–02 Tranmere Rovers F.C. season|2001–02]]
|Sashe na Biyu
|30
|2
|5
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
|36
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
!140
!16
!12
!1
!18
!3
!0
!0
!170
!20
|-
|Oldham Athletic
|2002–03
|Sashe na Biyu
|18
|1
|2
|0
|4
|0
|1 [ƙasa-alpha 1]
|0
|25
|1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Birnin Stoke
|2003–04
|Sashe na Farko
|12
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|12
|0
|-
|2004–05
|Gasar cin kofin
|32
|1
|0
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|33
|1
|-
|2005–06
|Gasar cin kofin
|13
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|14
|0
|-
|2006–07
|Gasar cin kofin
|18
|2
|1
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|20
|2
|-
|2007–08
|Gasar cin kofin
|5
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|5
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
!80
!3
!2
!0
!2
!0
!0
!0
!84
!3
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Fadar Crystal
|2007–08&lt;ref name=&quot;2007/2008&quot; /&gt;
|Gasar cin kofin
|28
|3
|1
|1
|0
|0
|2
|0
|31
|4
|-
|2008–09
|Gasar cin kofin
|43
|1
|3
|1
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|48
|2
|-
|2009–10
|Gasar cin kofin
|43
|1
|3
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|48
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
!114
!5
!7
!2
!4
!0
!2
!0
!127
!7
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |Queens Park Rangers
|2010–11
|Gasar cin kofin
|44
|2
|1
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|45
|2
|-
|2011–12
|[[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]]
|22
|0
|3
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|25
|0
|-
|2012–13
|Gasar Firimiya
|31
|0
|2
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|34
|0
|-
|2013–14
|Gasar cin kofin
|40
|1
|1
|0
|2
|0
|3&lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot; name=&quot;ChPO&quot; /&gt;
|0
|46
|1
|-
|2014–15
|Gasar Firimiya
|19
|1
|0
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|20
|1
|-
|2015–16
|Gasar cin kofin
|13
|1
|1
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|15
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
!169
!5
!8
!0
!5
!0
!3
!0
!185
!5
|-
|Dajin Nottingham (rashin kuɗi) 
|2011–12&lt;ref name=&quot;2011/2012&quot; /&gt;
|Gasar cin kofin
|5
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|5
|0
|-
|[[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]]
|2016–17
|Firayim Minista na Scotland
|24
|3
|3
|1
|5
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|32
|6
|-
|Carlisle United
|2017–18
|Ƙungiyar Biyu
|38
|1
|4
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|42
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Cikakken aikinsa
!588
!34
!38
!4
!38
!5
!6
!0
!670
!43
|}
&lt;nowiki&gt;;&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

== Daraja ==
'''Masu tafiya na Tranmere'''

* Wanda ya ci gaba da cin Kofin Kwallon Kafa: 1999-2000 

'''Queens Park Rangers'''

* Gasar Kwallon Kafa: 2010-11;  Wasanni wasa: 2014 

'''Mutumin da ya fi so'''

* Kyautar Samun John Greig ([[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]]): 2016-17 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 April 2017 |title=John Greig Achievement: Clint Hill |url=https://rangers.co.uk/news/headlines/john-greig-achievement-clint-hill/ |access-date=20 November 2019 |publisher=Rangers FC}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==
{{Commonscat}}

* Clint Hilla filin wasan kwallon kafa
{{Navboxes|title=Awards|bg=gold|fg=navy|list1={{Stoke City F.C. Player of the Year}}
{{Queens Park Rangers F.C. Player of the Year}}
{{Carlisle United F.C. Player of the Year}}}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>bo3eske1ai157a94q78c0bs15ghhgzf</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Claressa Shields</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>13371</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
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      <text bytes="50621" sha1="67au1fvw9s9cjd3enb9mabubjeqpc38" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Claressa Maria Shields'''  (an ta a watan Maris 17, 1995) ƙwararriyar ƴar dambe ce ta Amurika kuma ƙwararriyar ƙwararriyar mai fasaha ce. Ta gudanar da gasar cin kofin duniya da yawa a cikin azuzuwan nauyi biyar, gami da taken matsakaicin nauyi na mata mara nauyi a cikin Maris 2021; taken matsakaicin nauyi na mata sau biyu tsakanin 2019 da 2024; Majalisar Dambe ta Duniya (WBC) da Hukumar Dambe ta Duniya (IBF) na mata masu girman matsakaicin nauyi daga 2017 zuwa 2018; Kungiyar damben boksin ta duniya (WBO) ta mace mai nauyi mai nauyi da kuma kambun mata [[Damben nauyi|masu nauyi]] tun watan Fabrairun 2025. Shields a halin yanzu yana riƙe da tarihin zama zakara na duniya na biyu, uku, huɗu da biyar a cikin mafi ƙarancin faɗan ƙwararru. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Claressa Shields dominates Ivana Habazin, becomes fastest fighter to win titles in three weight classes |url=https://www.cbssports.com/boxing/news/claressa-shields-dominates-ivana-habazin-becomes-fastest-fighter-to-win-titles-in-three-weight-classes/amp/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.cbssports.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun daga Oktoba 2022, ta kasance mafi kyawun mace mai matsakaicin nauyi a duniya ta BoxRec, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=BoxRec: Female light middleweight ratings |url=https://boxrec.com/en/ratings?r%5Brole%5D=proboxer&amp;r%5Bsex%5D=F&amp;r%5Bdivision%5D=Middleweight&amp;r%5Bcountry%5D=&amp;r%5Bstance%5D=&amp;r%5Bstatus%5D=a&amp;r_go= |access-date=July 7, 2022 |website=[[BoxRec]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma mafi kyawun ɗan damben mata, fam don fam, ta ESPN &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 22, 2022 |title=Women's boxing pound-for-pound rankings: Where do Taylor and Serrano land? |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/boxing/story/_/id/34821471/women-boxing-pound-pound-rankings-new-no-1-debut-alycia-baumgardner-top-10 |access-date=October 22, 2022 |website=[[ESPN]] |language=}}&lt;/ref&gt; da ''Ring .'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 September 2020 |title=The Ring Women's Ratings |url=https://www.ringtv.com/609826-the-ring-womens-ratings/ |access-date=October 22, 2022 |website=The Ring}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Garkuwa ita ce kawai ɗan dambe a tarihi, mace ko namiji, don riƙe duk manyan kambun duniya guda huɗu a damben — WBA, WBC, IBF da WBO, a cikin aji uku masu nauyi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-02-03 |title=Claressa Shields beats Danielle Perkins to become first three-weight undisputed champion |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/boxing/articles/cvg8159yz74o.amp |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ita ce kuma ta uku ( Amanda Serrano, Naoko Fujioka ) ‘yar damben damben mata a tarihi da ta zama zakara a kungiyoyi biyar daban-daban.

A cikin wani ƙawata sana'ar mai son, Garkuwa ta lashe lambobin zinare a rukunin mata na matsakaicin nauyi a gasar Olympics ta 2012 da 2016, abin da ya sa ta zama 'yar wasan dambe ta Amurka ta farko da ta lashe lambobin yabo na Olympics a jere.  Garkuwa ita ce ɗan dambe mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar Olympics ta Amurka a watan Fabrairun 2012, wanda ya lashe gasar a {{Convert|165|lb|kg}} rabon matsakaicin nauyi .    A watan Mayu, ta cancanci shiga wasannin na 2012, shekarar farko da wasan damben mata ya kasance gasar Olympics,  kuma ta ci gaba da zama mace ta farko Ba’amurke da ta samu lambar zinare ta Olympics a dambe.  Ƙungiyar Marubuta ta dambe ta Amirka ta ba ta sunan gwarzayen gwarzayen mata a 2018 da 2022. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Santoliquito |first=Joseph |date=2018-12-17 |title=Claressa Shields Is The BWAA's 2018 Female Fighter of the Year |url=https://www.bwaa.org/single-post/2018/12/17/claressa-shields-is-the-bwaa-s-2018-female-fighter-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108173757/https://www.bwaa.org/single-post/2018/12/17/claressa-shields-is-the-bwaa-s-2018-female-fighter-of-the-year |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=2021-06-24 |website=boxingwriters |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=JSantoliquito |date=2022-12-20 |title=Claressa Shields Is The BWAA 2022 Female Fighter Of The Year |url=https://www.bwaa.org/single-post/claressa-shields-is-the-bwaa-2022-female-fighter-of-the-year |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=boxingwriters |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Garkuwa kuma ƙwararren ɗan wasan yaƙin yaƙi ne, yana fafatawa a cikin Ƙwararrun Fighters League . 

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Shields kuma ya girma a Flint, Michigan, inda ta kasance ƙaramar makarantar sakandare a watan Mayu 2012.   Mahaifinta Bo Shields ne ya gabatar da ita ga damben boksin, wanda ya taba yin dambe a gasar wasannin karkashin kasa.  &lt;ref name=&quot;parish&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-05-07 |title=A fighting chance |url=https://www.espn.com/high-school/girl/story/_/id/7899778/claressa-shields-hopes-make-us-women-boxing-team |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=ESPN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bo ya kasance a gidan yari tun lokacin da Shields ke da shekara biyu zuwa tara. Bayan da aka sake shi, ya yi magana da ita game da 'yar damben nan [[Laila Ali]], wanda ya sa ta sha'awar wasanni.  Bo, ta yi imanin cewa dambe wasa ne na maza kuma ta ki barin Garkuwan su bi ta har sai ta kai shekara goma sha daya.  &lt;ref name=&quot;parish&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;npr&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Straight Out Of Flint: Girl Boxer Aims For Olympics |url=https://www.npr.org/2012/02/27/147500470/straight-out-of-flint-girl-boxer-aims-for-olympics |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=NPR |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wancan lokacin ta fara dambe a filin filin Berston da ke Flint, inda ta hadu da kocinta kuma mai horar da ita, Jason Crutchfield. &lt;ref name=&quot;parish&quot; /&gt; Garkuwa ta yaba wa kakarta tare da ƙarfafa ta da kar ta karɓi hani dangane da jinsinta.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 12, 2021 |title=WATCH: Claressa Shields Tears Up As She Opens Up On Her Grandmother's Influence In Her Life |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/mma-pfl-boxing-news-watch-claressa-shields-tears-up-as-she-opens-up-on-her-grandmothers-influence-in-her-life/ |website=EssentiallySports}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Amateur aiki ==

=== 2011-2013 ===
Bayan ta lashe kambun yankuna biyu da Gasar Olympics na Junior biyu, Garkuwan sun fafata a gasar buda-baki ta farko, Gasar Wasannin 'Yan Sanda ta Kasa 2011; Ta lashe kambun matsakaicin nauyi kuma an nada mata suna a matsayin babbar jaruma kuma ta cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta Amurka . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2011-06-12 |title=Flint boxer Claressa Shields destroys Tanisha Wheeler at the Illinois Female Invitational |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2011/06/flint_boxer_claressa_shields_d.html |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;apfeb2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Boxer Claressa Shields could be Olympic teen star |url=https://www.espn.com/espn/wire/_/section/oly/id/7586876 |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;blanchette&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Spotlight finds teen {{!}} The Spokesman-Review |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2012/feb/14/spotlight-finds-teen/ |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=www.spokesman.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gasar Olympics ta 2012, ta yi galaba a kan zakara na kasa, Franchón Crews-Dezurn, zakaran duniya na 2010, Andrecia Wasson, da Pittsburgh 's Tika Hemingway don lashe ajin matsakaicin nauyi. &lt;ref name=&quot;apfeb2012&quot; /&gt;  A watan Afrilun 2012, ta ci nauyin nauyinta a Gasar Cin Kofin Nahiyar Mata na Mata Elite a Cornwall, Ontario da mai kare zakaran duniya sau uku Mary Spencer ta [[Kanada]] ; ta rike rikodin rashin nasara na nasara 25 da rashin nasara 0 a wancan lokacin.  &lt;ref name=&quot;parish&quot;/&gt; 

Bayan nasarar da Shield ta samu a gasar wasannin Olympics ta Amurka, da farko an ba da rahoton cewa, za ta bukaci samun matsayi na 8 ne kawai a gasar dambe ta duniya ta AIBA ta shekarar 2012 a Qinhuangdao, na kasar Sin, domin samun tikitin shiga gasar Olympics ta 2012.

A ranar 10 ga Mayu, washegarin da aka fara fafatawar amma kafin fafatawar farko ta Garkuwa, an sanar da sauya dokokin da ke nufin Garkuwan za su kasance a cikin na biyu daga yankin (Arewa, Tsakiya, da Kudu) na Yankin Damben Damben Amurka na AIBA (AMBC).

Shields ta yi nasara a zagaye na farko amma an doke ta a zagaye na biyu a ranar 13 ga Mayu a hannun Savannah Marshall ta [[Ingila]], wanda ya kawo tarihin Shields zuwa 26–1. &lt;ref name=&quot;woodyard&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-05-16 |title=First amateur loss frustrates Flint boxer Claressa Shields, she expected a victory |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2012/05/first_amateur_loss_frustrates.html |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Damarta na cancanta don haka ya dogara da aikin Marshall na gaba; bayan Marshall ya tsallake zuwa wasan karshe na ajin matsakaita a ranar 18 ga Mayu, an sanar da cewa Shields ya sami damar shiga gasar Olympics. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Maya A. |date=9 May 2016 |title=Older and wiser, Claressa Shields reflects on 2012 |url=https://www.espn.com/espnw/culture/feature/article/15492978/older-wiser-claressa-shields-appreciates-attention-missing-2012-olympic-gold-fame |access-date=15 March 2023 |website=ESPN |language=}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gasar Olympics ta lokacin rani na 2012 da aka yi a Landan, tana da shekaru 17, ta lashe lambar zinare a matakin matsakaicin nauyi na mata bayan ta doke tsohuwar 'yar damben Rasha Nadezda Torlopova da ci 19–12.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Olympics boxing: Claressa Shields takes middleweight gold for USA |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/18914079 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120809214846/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/18914079 |archive-date=August 9, 2012 |access-date=August 9, 2012 |website=BBC}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hakan ya sanya ta zama mace ta farko a Amurka da ta samu lambar zinare ta dambe. 
[[Fayil:Claressa_Shields_-_PopTech_2012.jpg|left|thumb|255x255px| Garkuwa da lambar zinare ta Olympic a 2012]]
A watan Oktoban 2012, ta fafata a gasar PAL ta kasa ta biyu, inda ta doke Franchón Crews-Dezurn a wasan karshe don lashe zinari a matsakaicin nauyi a cikin budaddiyar rukuni. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Associated |date=2012-10-14 |title=Claressa Shields claims second straight Police Athletic League title |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2012/10/claressa_shields_claims_second.html |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A gasar damben damben duniya ta matasa ta IBA a shekarar 2013 a [[Bulgeriya]], Garkuwan sun doke 'yar damben bola Elżbieta Wójcik don lashe zinare a matakin matsakaicin nauyi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2013-09-28 |title=Claressa Shields wins gold at Youth World Championships in Bulgaria |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2013/09/claressa_shields_wins_gold_at.html |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2014-2016 ===
A cikin 2014, Garkuwan sun lashe zinare a Gasar Cin Kofin Ƙasa ta Amurka a Spokane, Washington . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2014-01-26 |title=Claressa Shields claims first USA Boxing National Championships title with unanimous decision win |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2014/01/claressa_shields_claims_first.html |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Yunin 2014, ta doke Yenebier Guillén a wasan karshe na gasar Olympics ta Pan American kuma ta dauki zinari a gida a matsakaicin nauyi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2014-07-21 |title=Claressa Shields takes gold again with Pan American Olympic Festival middleweight championship |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2014/07/claressa_shields_takes_gold_ag.html |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Satumba, ta doke Ariane Fortin 'yar [[Kanada|Canada]] a zagaye na karshe don lashe kambun matsakaicin nauyi a Gasar Cin Kofin Nahiyar Mata na Mata na Elite a karo na biyu na wasan damben mai sonta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2014-09-29 |title=Flint boxer Claressa Shields blocks out stomach pain to win Continental Championships in Mexico |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2014/09/flint_boxer_claressa_shields_b_1.html |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta sake samun wata lambar zinare a gasar cin kofin duniya a birnin Jeju, [[Koriya ta Kudu]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Zaccardi |first=Nick |date=November 20, 2014 |title=Claressa Shields wins first World Championships bout in 11 seconds (video) |url=http://olympics.nbcsports.com/2014/11/19/claressa-shields-boxing-world-championships-11-seconds/ |website=Olympics.nbcsports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma a shekara mai zuwa, ta zama Ba'amurke ta farko da ta ci kambu a damben mata a wasannin Olympics da na Pan American Games . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Flint's Claressa Shields to serve as flag bearer at Pan-Am close |url=http://www.detroitnews.com/story/sports/2015/07/25/flints-claressa-shields-serve-flag-bearer-pan-am-games/30686341/ |website=Detroitnews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sakamakon rawar da ta taka a gasar Pan American Games na 2015, an ba ta lambar yabo ta yin aiki a matsayin mai rike da tutar Amurka a bikin rufewa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McDougall |first=Chrös |date=22 July 2019 |title=5 Top Team USA Moments From The 2015 Pan American Games |url=https://www.teamusa.org/News/2019/July/22/5-Top-Team-USA-Moments-From-The-2015-Pan-American-Games |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722222344/https://www.teamusa.org/News/2019/July/22/5-Top-Team-USA-Moments-From-The-2015-Pan-American-Games |archive-date=July 22, 2019 |access-date=19 September 2022 |website=Team USA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Shields_vs_Benitez_2015_(7).jpg|left|thumb| Garkuwa (cikin ja) vs. Yenebier Guillén Benítez, 2015]]
Shields ta kare zinarenta a gasar cin kofin Amurka ta 2015 ta hanyar doke Raquel Miller a wasan karshe. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ProBoxing-Fans.com |date=2015-01-25 |title=USA Boxing National Championships final results &amp; winners |url=https://www.proboxing-fans.com/usa-boxing-national-championships-final-results-winners_012515/?amp |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=ProBoxing-Fans.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shields ta lashe lambar zinare a gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar Olympics ta AMBC ta 2016 a [[Argentina|Argentina inda]] ta doke Yenebier Guillén ta [[Jamhuriyar Dominika|Jamhuriyar Dominican]] a fafatawar karshe da ta yi a bikin cikarta shekaru 21 da haihuwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Eric Woodyard |date=March 22, 2016 |title=Flint boxer Claressa Shields wins gold at 2016 Americas Qualifier in Argentina |url=http://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/index.ssf/2016/03/flint_boxer_claressa_shields_w_10.html |website=Mlive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt; A watan Mayun 2016, Garkuwan sun ci Nouchka Fontijn ta hanyar yanke shawarar baki ɗaya don lashe zinare a gasar cin kofin duniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2016-05-27 |title=Flint boxer Claressa Shields collects another world title |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2016/05/flint_boxer_claressa_shields_c_1.html |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya a wannan shekarar, a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 a [[Rio de Janeiro|Rio]], ta sake lashe lambar zinare a matakin matsakaicin nauyi na mata ta sake doke Nouchka Fontijn ta [[Holand|Netherlands]] . An ba ta lambar yabo ta mata ta farko ta Val Barker Trophy a gasar. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Golden again! Flint's Claressa Shields defends Olympic boxing title |url=http://www.freep.com/story/sports/olympics/rio-2016/2016/08/21/rio-olympics-boxing-claressa-shields/89074814/ |access-date=2016-08-22 |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kambun zinare da ta samu a baya-bayan nan ya sa ta zama 'yar damben boksin Amurka ta farko da ta lashe gasar Olympics a jere. 

Rikodin damben nata mai son shine nasara 77 (18 by knockout &lt;ref name=&quot;woodyard&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Zaccardi |first=Nick |date=July 24, 2015 |title=Claressa Shields: I would fight Ronda Rousey |url=http://olympics.nbcsports.com/2015/07/24/claressa-shields-ronda-rousey-boxing-mma-olympics-ufc/ |website=Olympics.nbcsports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Eric Woodyard |date=August 6, 2015 |title=Hundreds attend Flint premiere of Claressa Shields 'T-Rex' documentary |url=http://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/index.ssf/2015/08/hundreds_attend_premiere_of_cl.html |website=Mlive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ) da kuma rashin nasara 1. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Claressa Shields: This is only the beginning |url=http://www.fightnews.com/Boxing/claressa-shields-beginning-397052 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170310231040/http://www.fightnews.com/Boxing/claressa-shields-beginning-397052 |archive-date=March 10, 2017 |access-date=March 11, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niyo: Flint's Claressa Shields fighting for her future |url=http://www.detroitnews.com/story/sports/2016/08/17/flints-claressa-shields-moves-rio-boxing/88900838/ |website=Detroitnews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-02-04 |title=Claressa Shields boasts an amateur record of 77-1 with Marshall inflicting the only loss of her career. Photo credit: cdn-s3.si.com |url=https://www.proboxing-fans.com/gwoat-claressa-shields-to-attend-york-hall-show/clar/ |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=ProBoxing-Fans.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kwararren sana'ar dambe ==
[[Fayil:Claressa_Shields_(27143341123)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|280x280px| Claressa Shields a cikin 2016]]
A cikin Nuwamba 2016, Garkuwan bisa hukuma sun tafi pro. Ta ci wasanta na farko, da Franchón Crews-Dezurn, ta hanyar yanke shawara gaba ɗaya. &lt;ref name=&quot;freep1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Coppinger |first=Mike |date=2016-11-19 |title=Flint's Claressa Shields wins easily in pro boxing debut in Las Vegas |url=http://www.freep.com/story/sports/2016/11/19/flint-boxing-claressa-shields-wins-pro-debut/94154520/ |access-date=2017-02-27 |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 10 ga Maris, 2017, ta fuskanci Szilvia Szabados don taken ' yan damben boksin na Arewacin Amurka, kuma TKO ta ci nasara. Wannan shi ne babban taron a ShoBox, tare da yakin lakabi na yanki tsakanin Antonio Nieves da Nikolai Potapov suna aiki a matsayin babban taron. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Baca |first=Michael |date=2014-06-20 |title=Antonio Nieves and Nikolai Potapov to clash March 10, on 'ShoBox' - The Ring |url=http://www.ringtv.com/486965-antonio-nieves-nikolai-potapov-clash-march-10-shobox/ |access-date=2017-03-08 |website=Ringtv.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan dai shi ne karon farko da wasan damben mata ya kasance babban abin da ya faru a kan katin sadarwar sahun farko na Amurka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 8, 2017 |title=Claressa Shields returns home to headline ShoBox event |url=http://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/18852498/claressa-shields-returns-home-headline-shobox-event |access-date=2017-03-08 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;freep.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Claressa Shields knocks 'em off their feet, wins first pro title |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/2017/03/11/claressa-shields-boxing-title-mgm-grand-detroit-showtime/99048486/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 16 ga Yuni, 2017, Garkuwan sun yi taken &quot;Detroit Brawl,&quot; suna fuskantar Sydney LeBlanc a fafatawar da ta shirya na zagaye takwas na farko. LeBlanc ya sanya hannu tare da sanarwar kwanaki uku, bayan Mery Rancier ta fice saboda matsalolin visa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 14, 2017 |title=Former Olympian Shields to face LeBlanc |url=http://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/19635361 |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 6, 2017 |title=Shields to fight Rancier in June in Detroit |url=http://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/19321326 |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt; Garkuwan sun yi nasara a fafatawar da yanke hukunci bayan dukkan zagaye takwas. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Flint's Claressa Shields claims WBC Silver belt in Detroit Brawl |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/2017/06/17/flints-claressa-shields-claims-wbc-silver-belt-detroit-brawl/405845001/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 4 ga Agusta, 2017, Garkuwan sun yi nasara a kan Nikki Adler mai karewa a MGM Grand Detroit don bel na babban matsakaicin nauyi na WBC da kuma bel ɗin IBF super-middleweight bel. Ta hanyar 5th Rd TKO dole ne mai aikin ya yi tsalle don kare Nikki Adler da ba a ci nasara ba. An watsa yakin akan Showtime .

=== 2018 ===
A ranar 12 ga Janairu, 2018, Shields ta ci gaba da rike kambunta na WBC da IBF na mata super middleweight, kuma ta lashe kambun babban matsakaicin nauyi na WBAN ta hanyar doke 17-0 Tori Nelson . Wannan shi ne karon farko da Shields ke yin zagaye 10 a cikin sana'arta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Eschen |first=Thomas |date=January 13, 2018 |title=Claressa Shields goes 10 rounds for the first time, but still dominates |url=http://nbc25news.com/sports/content/claressa-shields-goes-10-rounds-for-the-first-time-but-still-dominates |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=WEYI}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Latest News Story on WBAN |url=http://www.womenboxing.com/NEWS2018/news011318shields-wins-wban-super-middleweight-title.htm |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=www.womenboxing.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 9, 2018 |title=Shields-Nelson fight for WBAN belt this Fri. |url=https://www.boxingnews24.com/2018/01/wban-belt-awarded-winner-shields-nelson-showdown-world-super-middleweight-championship-live-showtime/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Boxingnews24.com |archive-date=April 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422204245/https://www.boxingnews24.com/2018/01/wban-belt-awarded-winner-shields-nelson-showdown-world-super-middleweight-championship-live-showtime/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 22 ga Yuni, 2018, a cikin gwagwarmayar ƙwararrunta ta shida, Garkuwa ta doke Hanna Gabriel ta hanyar yanke shawara gaba ɗaya, ta lashe WBA da ba kowa ba da kuma na farko na IBF middleweight belts, ta karya rikodin zama zakaran duniya mai nauyin nauyi biyu a cikin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru, rikodin da Vasyl Lomachenko ya yi a baya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-05-13 |title=Lomachenko stops Linares with 10th-round TKO |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/boxing/story/_/id/23485907 |access-date=2019-08-08 |website=ESPN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin Zagaye na 1, ta fuskanci karon farko na ƙwararrun sana'arta. Ta sauke daga 168 fam zuwa 160 don yakin. Wannan shine fadanta na farko da mai koyarwa John David Jackson, bayan yayi aiki tare da Jason Crutchfield don 5. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 31, 2018 |title=Boxing News: Claressa Shields Training Camp Notes » April 22, 2019 |url=https://fightnews.com/claressa-shields-training-camp-notes/22598 |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Fightnews.com |archive-date=April 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417141236/https://fightnews.com/claressa-shields-training-camp-notes/22598 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Claressa Shields knocked down, but fights back to beat Hanna Gabriels |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/2018/06/23/claressa-shields-boxing-hanna-gabriels/727757002/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

On December 8, 2018, Shields' fight aired on HBO, her first appearance on the network, a fight which was a part of the last boxing card to occur on HBO. She faced Femke Hermans outboxing her all 10 rounds for a unanimous decision victory.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2018 |title=Shields Opener Draws Peak Audience In Last HBO Boxing Card |url=https://www.boxingscene.com/shields-opener-draws-peak-audience-last-hbo-boxing-card--134538 |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=BoxingScene.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2019-2020 ===
A ranar 13 ga Afrilu, 2019, Garkuwa ta zama zakaran matsakaicin ajin mata na duniya da ba a tantama ba, inda ta hada kambun WBA, WBC, IBF da WBO, tare da bel na farko na mujallu na ''The Ring'', bayan doke Christina Hammer da yanke shawara gaba daya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 14, 2019 |title=Shields beats up Hammer, wins undisputed title |url=http://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/26518961 |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nasarar ta kasance kusa da rufewa tare da alkalai biyu da suka zira kwallaye 98–91 yayin da alkali na uku ya ci ta 98–92.

An shirya garkuwa da shi don yaƙar Ivana Habazin don neman kujerar ƙaramin matsakaicin nauyi na WBO a Flint, Michigan, a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brendan Savage |date=August 6, 2019 |title=Claressa Shields' title fight vs. Ivana Habazin in Flint rescheduled |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/2019/08/claressa-shields-title-fight-in-flint-rescheduled-for-oct-5.html |website=Michigan Live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai an dage yakin saboda harin da aka kaiwa mai horar da Habazin a ma'aunin nauyi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-10-05 |title=Ivana Habazin trainer sucker punched during weigh in with Claressa Shields |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IttPMjv_m-U |access-date=2019-10-05 |website=[[YouTube]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An yi gumurzun ne a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 2020, tare da zoben mace baki daya (alkalan wasa). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Norm Frauenheim |date=November 16, 2019 |title=Claressa Shields-Ivana Habazin fight rescheduled for Jan. 10 |url=https://boxingjunkie.usatoday.com/2019/11/claressa-shields-ivana-habazin-fight-rescheduled-for-jan-10 |website=boxingjunkie.usatoday.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zauren titin jirgin ruwa na Atlantika ya siyar da Wuri kamar yadda Claressa ya ci nasara ta hanyar yanke shawara gabaɗaya, 99–89, 100–90 da 100–89, kuma ya zama mafi sauri da ya taɓa samun lakabi a cikin sassan 3 namiji ko mace a tarihi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dan Rafael |date=January 11, 2020 |title=Claressa Shields beats Ivana Habazin for junior middleweight title |url=https://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/28460976/claressa-shields-beats-ivana-habazin-junior-middleweight-title |website=[[ESPN]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2021 ===
A ranar 5 ga Maris, 2021, Garkuwa ta doke Marie-Eve Dicaire ta hanyar yanke shawara gaba ɗaya don riƙe taken WBC da WBO super welterweight, da'awar bel mai nauyin kilo 154, da madauri mara nauyi na WBA. Da nasarar ta zama 'yar dambe ta farko a zamanin belt hudu da ta rike kambunta ba tare da jayayya ba a azuzuwan nauyi biyu, kuma 'yar damben damben mace ta farko da ta zama zakaran damben da ba a saba da shi ba a azuzuwan nauyi biyu.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Claressaauto31&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 November 2023 |title=Taylor gets even, wins Cameron's undisputed title |url=https://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/38979772/katie-taylor-gets-even-wins-chantelle-cameron-undisputed-title |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kirven |first=J. L. |title=Claressa Shields continues assault on women's boxing with dominant win, seeks revenge next |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/2021/03/06/claressa-shields-boxing-marie-eve-dicaire/4609121001/ |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan fadan ya faru ne a garin Garkuwan tare da takaitaccen taron jama'a saboda [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|annobar COVID-19]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Christ |first=Scott |date=6 March 2021 |title=Shields vs Dicaire results: Claressa Shields dominates again, becomes two-division undisputed champion |url=https://www.badlefthook.com/2021/3/6/22316396/shields-vs-dicaire-results-claressa-dominates-two-division-undisputed-champion-boxing-news-2021 |website=Bad Left Hook |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== 2022-2023 ===
Sannan Garkuwan sun fuskanci Ema Kozin a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 2022. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Michael Rothstein |date=November 11, 2021 |title=Claressa Shields to fight Ema Kozin on Dec. 11 as part of new multifight deal with Sky Sports, BOXXER |url=https://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/32607627/claressa-shields-fight-ema-kozin-dec-11-part-new-multi-fight-deal-sky-sports-boxxer |website=[[ESPN]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yanke shawarar yanke shawara tare da dukkan alkalan wasa da suka zira mata kwallaye a kowane zagaye, kuma ta ci gaba da rike kambunta na WBA, WBC, IBF, da ''The Ring'' mata na matsakaicin nauyi yayin da ta lashe kambun mata na matsakaicin nauyi na WBF . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Coral Barry |date=February 6, 2022 |title=Claressa Shields shines in win over Ema Kozin, while Caroline Dubois impresses on pro debut |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/boxing/60272725 |website=[[BBC]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An shirya garkuwa da farko don fuskantar zakaran matsakaicin nauyi na WBO Savannah Marshall a fafatawar da ake yi na haɗewa a ranar 10 ga Satumba, 2022. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jesús Milano |date=July 5, 2022 |title=Claressa Shields and Savannah Marshall will face on Sept. 10 |url=https://www.wbaboxing.com/boxing-news/claressa-shields-and-savannah-marshall-will-face-on-sept-10 |website=wbaboxing.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, saboda mutuwar Sarauniya Elizabeth ta biyu an dage fafatawar da za a yi ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 2022. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Danny Segura |date=September 20, 2022 |title=Claressa Shields' boxing return rescheduled for Oct. 15 after postponement due to passing of Queen Elizabeth II |url=https://mmajunkie.usatoday.com/2022/09/claressa-shields-boxing-return-rescheduled-for-oct-15-postponement-queen-elizabeth-death |website=[[MMAjunkie.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A daren yakin, Garkuwan sun tafi tazarar zagaye na 10 da Marshall. Dangane da ƙididdigar CompuBox, Garkuwa sun mamaye Marshall 175 zuwa 136; ya sauko da yawa fiye da jabs, 44 zuwa 14; kuma ya sami ƙarin iko, 131 zuwa 122. Garkuwan sun yi nasara ta hanyar yanke shawara tare da alkalai biyu da suka zira kwallaye 97 – 93 kuma daya ya zira kwallaye 96 – 94, duk suna goyon bayan Garkuwa don zama zakaran matsakaicin nauyi na duniya.  Wannan fada ya faru ne a filin wasa na O2 kuma shi ne karon farko da 'yan damben mata biyu suka yi kanun labarai a wani babban filin wasa a Burtaniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Claressa Shields beats Savannah Marshall by unanimous decision in undisputed middleweight title fight |url=https://www.skysports.com/boxing/news/12183/12720944/shields-reigns-supreme-over-marshall-in-epic-undisputed-clash |access-date=2022-10-16 |website=Sky Sports |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kazalika, fadan ya jagoranci katin dambe na farko na mata [[Birtaniya|a Burtaniya]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 October 2022 |title=Savannah Marshall loses grudge match against Claressa Shields in fierce battle |url=https://www.itv.com/news/tyne-tees/2022-10-15/savannah-marshall-loses-grudge-match-against-claressa-shields-in-close-battle |website=ITV News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 3 ga Yuni, 2023, Garkuwan sun ci Maricela Cornejo ta hanyar yanke shawara gaba ɗaya a Little Caesars Arena a [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] don riƙe takenta na matsakaicin nauyi mara gardama . Bayan da suka mamaye daga farko har zuwa karshe, alkalan sun zira kwallaye 100-89, 100-90 da 100-90. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-06-04 |title=Shields cruises in one-sided win over Cornejo |url=https://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/37792204/claressa-shields-retains-title-one-sided-win-maricela-cornejo |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2024-2025 ===
An shirya garkuwa da shi don kalubalantar Vanessa Lepage-Joanisse don takenta na nauyi na WBC a Little Caesars Arena a [[Detroit|Detroit, MI]] akan Yuli 27, 2024.  An yi fafatawa a fafatawar da nauyin kilo 175 tare da marassa nauyi na WBF da kuma taken WBO masu nauyi a kan layi.  Garkuwa sun yi nasara a yakin ta hanyar TKO na biyu, suna sauke Joanisse sau uku a hanya. 

== Ƙwararrun haɗaɗɗiyar sana'ar wasan yaƙi ==
A cikin Nuwamba 2020, Shields ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru uku tare da Ƙwararrun Fighters League kuma ana sa ran za ta fara fara wasan yaƙin yaƙi a cikin 2021.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Damon Martin |date=December 15, 2020 |title=Claressa Shields explains why she joined PFL over UFC and her frustrations with the current state of boxing |url=https://www.mmafighting.com/2020/12/15/22175879/claressa-shields-explains-why-she-joined-pfl-over-ufc-and-her-frustrations-current-state-of-boxing |publisher=mmafighting.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun lokacin da Shields ya fara sanar da cewa MMA na farko, ta kuma fara horo a Jiu-Jitsu na Brazil kuma ta tafi horo a ƙarƙashin IBJJF no gi Zakaran Duniya Roberto Alencar, tare da Holly Holm . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kahtrine Burne |date=December 12, 2020 |title=Claressa Shields Starts Her BJJ Journey Under Roberto Alencar |url=https://jitsmagazine.com/claressa-shields-starts-her-bjj-journey-under-roberto-alencar/ |website=jitsmagazine.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kuma fara horo a JacksonWink MMA a ƙarshen 2020. 

Garkuwa ta yi wasanta na farko na MMA a PFL 4 a ranar 10 ga Yuni, 2021, da Brittney Elkin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Martin |first=Damon |date=14 April 2021 |title=Boxing champ Claressa Shields faces Brittney Elkin in MMA debut as part of PFL card on June 10 |url=https://www.mmafighting.com/2021/4/14/22383678/boxing-champ-claressa-shields-faces-brittney-elkin-in-mma-debut-as-part-of-pfl-card-on-june-10 |access-date=14 April 2021 |website=MMA Fighting |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi nasara a fafatawar ta hanyar buga fasaha a zagaye na uku. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-06-11 |title=2021 PFL 4 results: Claressa Shields tested, rallies to win MMA debut by third-round TKO |url=https://mmajunkie.usatoday.com/2021/06/2021-pfl-4-results-claressa-shields-wins-mma-debut-by-third-round-tko |access-date=2021-06-11 |website=MMA Junkie |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An fara fafatawar ta na biyu a gasar PFL 9 a ranar 27 ga Agusta, 2021, da abokin hamayyar da har yanzu ba a bayyana sunanta ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marc Raimondi |date=June 23, 201 |title=Claressa Shields to fight again in PFL match on Aug. 27 in Florida |url=https://www.espn.com/mma/story/_/id/31689118/claressa-shields-fight-again-pfl-match-aug-27-florida |website=[[ESPN]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, a ranar 12 ga Yuli, 2021, labarai sun bayyana cewa an sake shirya fafatawar ta a ranar 19 ga Agusta, 2021, don samun ƙarin fallasa a taron PFL 8 na ESPN. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Damon Martin |date=July 12, 2021 |title=Claressa Shields books next PFL fight on Aug. 19 on ESPN, expected to share card with Kayla Harrison |url=https://www.mmafighting.com/2021/7/12/22574460/claressa-shields-books-next-pfl-fight-on-aug-19-on-espn-expected-to-share-card-with-kayla-harrison |publisher=mmafighting.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga ƙarshe an sake tsara shi don PFL 10 a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 2021, tare da Garkuwan da ke fuskantar Abigail Montes. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-08-12 |title=Shields returns to PFL cage Oct. 27 vs. Montes |url=https://www.espn.com/mma/story/_/id/32008285/claressa-shields-returns-pfl-cage-october-27-abigail-montes |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=ESPN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Garkuwan sun yi rashin nasara ta hanyar yanke shawara. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Anderson |first=Jay |date=2021-10-27 |title=PFL Championship 2021: Abigail Montes Fights Smart Game Plan, Beats Claressa Shields |url=https://cagesidepress.com/2021/10/27/pfl-championship-2021-claressa-shields-vs-abigail-montes/ |access-date=2021-10-28 |website=Cageside Press |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Agusta 2023, an sanar da cewa Garkuwan sun sake rattaba hannu kan kwangilar shekaru da yawa tare da Ƙwararrun Fighters League don ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa a gauraye da fasaha. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brett Okamoto |date=August 9, 2023 |title=Boxing star Claressa Shields inks multiyear MMA deal with PFL |url=https://www.espn.com/mma/story/_/id/38161362/boxing-star-claressa-shields-inks-multiyear-mma-deal-pfl |website=[[ESPN]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Garkuwan sun fuskanci Kelsey DeSantis a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 2024, a PFL vs. Bellator . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 24, 2024 |title=Latest PFL vs. Bellator 'Seize the Throne' fight card, rumors for Saudi Arabia event |url=https://www.mmamania.com/2024/1/24/24046866/latest-pfl-bellator-seize-throne-fight-card-rumors-date-location-start-time-saudi-arabia-espn-mma |website=mmamania.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba ta iya yin nauyin da ya dace don yakin da ta yi da DeSantis ba, wanda ya tilasta abokin hamayyarta ya yi yaki da nau'o'in nau'i biyu, tare da wasan da ya faru a 165 fam. Garkuwan sun yi nasara a fafatawar ta hanyar yanke shawara. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 24, 2024 |title=PFL vs. Bellator results: Claressa Shields narrowly escapes massive upset with split nod over Kelsey DeSantis |url=https://www.mmafighting.com/2024/2/24/24082258/pfl-vs-bellator-results-claressa-sheilds-narrowly-escapes-massive-upset-split-nod-kelsey-desantis |website=mmafighting.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
[[Fayil:Vice_President_Joe_Biden_(7885558782).jpg|thumb| Garkuwa da Mataimakin Shugaban kasa [[Joe Biden]] a cikin 2012. Garkuwa sun gabatar da Biden a lokacin yakin neman zaben 2012 a Michigan.]]
Garkuwa daga Flint, Michigan. Garkuwa ta yi baftisma sa’ad da take ’yar shekara 13 (shekaru biyu bayan ta fara dambe) kuma ta soma halartan wata majami’a. Ta sami ƙarfi a bangaskiyar Kirista kuma daga baya ta bar gida. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 6, 2016 |title=Four to watch: With faith, these Olympians run the races set before them |url=https://world.wng.org/2016/07/four_to_watch |website=World.wng.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Garkuwan sun yi yunƙurin ɗaukar diyar kawunta a 2014. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 25, 2015 |title=With her life in order, Claressa Shields has eye on second Olympic gold in Rio |url=http://boxingjunkie.usatoday.com/2015/10/25/with-her-life-in-order-claressa-shields-has-eye-on-second-olympic-gold-in-rio/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20160814164757/http://boxingjunkie.usatoday.com/2015/10/25/with-her-life-in-order-claressa-shields-has-eye-on-second-olympic-gold-in-rio/ |archive-date=August 14, 2016 |publisher=World Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Garkuwa jakadi ne na Wasannin Up2Us, kungiyar ba da riba ta kasa da ke sadaukar da kai don tallafawa matasa marasa aikin yi ta hanyar samar musu da masu horarwa da aka horar da su kan ingantaccen ci gaban matasa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2015 |title=Documentary about Claressa Shields comes to Flint Institute of Arts |url=http://www.abc12.com/news/headlines/Documentary-about-Claressa-Shields-comes-to-Flint-Institute-of-Arts--320654232.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415200354/http://www.abc12.com/news/headlines/Documentary-about-Claressa-Shields-comes-to-Flint-Institute-of-Arts--320654232.html |archive-date=April 15, 2017 |access-date=April 14, 2017 |website=ABC 12}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shield kuma jakadan ne na daidaiton jinsi a fagen wasanni, musamman wasan dambe, wanda kafafen yada labarai ke rufawa asiri. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Zucker |first=Joseph |title=PFL's Claressa Shields Calls Out 'Sexist' Boxing, Cites Equal Pay Issues |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2920538-pfls-claressa-shields-calls-out-sexist-boxing-cites-equal-pay-issues |access-date=2021-02-16 |website=Bleacher Report |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

A cikin 2021 Garkuwa sun bi tsarin cin abinci na pescatarian, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-10-21 |title=&quot;I've Been a Pescatarian for Over a Year Now&quot; - Claressa Shields |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/boxing-news-ive-been-a-pescatarian-for-over-a-year-now-claressa-shields/ |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=EssentiallySports |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020030939/https://www.essentiallysports.com/boxing-news-ive-been-a-pescatarian-for-over-a-year-now-claressa-shields/ |archive-date=2021-10-20 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma daga baya ya bayyana a wata hira da Mythical Kitchen yana cin nama.

A ranar 19 ga Yuni, 2022, garinsu na Flint, Michigan ya sake sunan titi don girmama ta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-06-21 |title=Claressa Shields now has her own street |url=https://www.wbaboxing.com/boxing-news/claressa-shields-now-has-her-own-street |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=World Boxing Association |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== A cikin shahararrun al'adu ==
Garkuwa shine batun shirin shirin ''T-Rex na shekarar 2015: Yaƙinta na Zinariya'' wanda ya biyo bayan mafarkinta na kasancewa mace ta farko a tarihi da ta lashe lambar zinare a wasan damben Olympic. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 24, 2016 |title=T-Rex |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4151212/ |website=IMDb}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=T-Rex: Her Fight for Gold - Documentary about Olympic Boxer Claressa Shields - Independent Lens - PBS |url=https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/t-rex-her-fight-for-gold/ |website=Pbs.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2016, Hotuna na Duniya, wani ɓangare na Comcast, wanda ke da hakkin watsa shirye-shiryen Olympics a Amurka, ya sami 'yancin yin fim game da tarihin rayuwarta, wanda aka saki a 2024 a matsayin ''Wuta a ciki'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;The Detroit News&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Niyo, John |date=3 August 2016 |title=Niyo: Flint's Claressa Shields fighting for her future |url=http://www.detroitnews.com/story/sports/2016/08/01/flint-boxer-claressa-shields-fighting-future/87942132/ |access-date=4 August 2016 |publisher=The Detroit News}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=October 7, 2016 |title='Moonlight's Barry Jenkins To Script Story Of First American Female Gold Medal Boxer Claressa 'T-Rex' Shields |url=https://deadline.com/2016/10/barry-jenkins-claressa-t-rex-shields-movie-universal-pictures-moonlight-1201832804/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Deadline}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ryan Destiny ya nuna Garkuwan a cikin fim ɗin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=May 25, 2022 |title=Brian Tyree Henry Boards ''Flint Strong'' As Boxing Drama Finds New Studio Home, Restarts Shooting (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/brian-tyree-henry-flint-strong-1235154074/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525190655/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/brian-tyree-henry-flint-strong-1235154074/ |archive-date=25 May 2022 |access-date=25 May 2022 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2016, Shields an tsara shi don yin aiki a cikin fim ɗin Susan Seidelman -Punch ''Me'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Woodyard |first=Eric |date=August 24, 2016 |title=Looking ahead to what's next for Claressa Shields |url=http://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/index.ssf/2016/08/looking_ahead_to_whats_next_fo.html |access-date=2017-02-27 |website=MLive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin Disamba 2016, Garkuwa ya zama mace ta uku ( Cathy Davis, Ronda Rousey ) da kuma 'yar damben mata ta biyu da ta taɓa samun kyautar murfin mujallar &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwAvU&quot;&gt;The Ring&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ring Magazine: December 2016 - BoxRec |url=https://boxrec.com/wiki/index.php/Ring_Magazine:_December_2016 |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=boxrec.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2018, Garkuwan sun yi aiki a cikin tallan Walmart wanda Dee Rees ya jagoranta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Acosta |first=Roberto |date=March 5, 2018 |title=Flint's Claressa Shields takes swing at acting in Walmart ad |url=https://www.mlive.com/news/flint/2018/03/flints_claressa_shields_takes.html |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=mlive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Wills |first=Cortney |date=March 3, 2018 |title=WATCH: 'Mudbound' director, Dee Rees teams with Walmart to provide a shot for female filmmakers |url=https://thegrio.com/2018/03/02/365078/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Thegrio.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Lakabi a dambe ==

=== Manyan lakabi ===

* WBA (Super) Zakaran matsakaicin nauyi (lbs 154)
* Gwarzon WBC Haske na matsakaicin nauyi (lbs 154)
* Gwarzon WBO Hasken matsakaicin nauyi (lbs 154)
* Gwarzon Haske na IBF (154 lbs)
* Gwarzon Matsakaicin Nauyi na WBA (lbs 160)
* Gwarzon Matsakaicin Nauyi na WBC (lbs 160)
* Gwarzon Matsakaicin nauyi na WBO (lbs 160)
* Gwarzon Matsakaicin Nauyin IBF (160 lbs)
* WBC Super Middleweight Champion (168 lbs)
* IBF Super Middleweight Champion (168 lbs)
* Zakaran Nauyin Hasken WBO (lbs 175)
* Gwarzon Nauyin WBA (175+ lbs)
* Gwarzon Nauyin WBC (175+ lbs)
* Gwarzon Nauyin Nauyin WBO (175+ lbs)
* Gwarzon Nauyin Nauyin IBF (175+ lbs)

=== Ƙananan lakabi ===

* Gwarzon Nauyin Tsakiyar Nauyin WBF (lbs 160)
* WBC Azurfa Super Middleweight Champion (168 lbs)
* [[Damben nauyi|Gwarzon]] Nauyin WBF (175+ lbs)

=== Lakabi na yanki ===

* NABF Champion Middleweight

=== Sunayen ''Ring'' ===

== Kyauta ==
An ba ta kyautar Gwarzon Dan dambe a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya a watan Mayun 2016 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016-05-27 |title=Claressa Shields wins second straight world championship gold medal |url=https://www.si.com/olympics/2016/05/27/claressa-shields-wins-second-straight-gold-medal-world-championships-boxing |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=SI |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!{{Abbr|No.|Number}}
!Result
!Record
!Opponent
!Type
!Round, time
!Date
!Location
!Notes
|-
|16
|{{yes2}}Win
|16–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Danielle Perkins
|UD
|10
|Feb 2, 2025
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Dort Financial Center]], Flint, Michigan}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained [[List of WBC female world champions#Heavyweight|WBC]], and WBF female heavyweight title;&lt;br&gt;Won vacant [[List of IBF female world champions#Heavyweight|IBF]], [[List of WBO female world champions#Heavyweight|WBO]] and inaugural [[List of WBA female world champions#Heavyweight|WBA female heavyweight titles]]}}
|-
|15
|{{yes2}}Win
|15–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Vanessa Lepage-Joanisse
|TKO
|2 (10), {{Small|1:09}}
|Jul 27, 2024
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Little Caesars Arena]], Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won [[List of WBC female world champions#Heavyweight|WBC]], and vacant [[World Boxing Federation|WBF]] female heavyweight and [[List of WBO female world champions#Light heavyweight|WBO female light heavyweight titles]]}}
|-
|14
|{{yes2}}Win
|14–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Maricela Cornejo
|UD
|10
|Jun 3, 2023
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Little Caesars Arena]], Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA, WBC, IBF, WBO, WBF, and ''The Ring'' female middleweight titles}}
|-
|13
|{{yes2}}Win
|13–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Savannah Marshall
|UD
|10
|Oct 15, 2022
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[The O2 Arena]], [[London]], England}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA, WBC, IBF, WBF, and ''The Ring'' female middleweight titles;&lt;br&gt;Won WBO female middleweight title}}
|-
|12
|{{yes2}}Win
|12–0
| align=&quot;left&quot; |Ema Kozin
|UD
|10
|Feb 5, 2022
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{Small|[[Cardiff International Arena|Motorpoint Arena Cardiff]], [[Cardiff]], Wales}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA, WBC, IBF, and ''The Ring'' female middleweight titles;&lt;br&gt;Won [[World Boxing Federation|WBF]] female middleweight title}}
|-
|11
|{{yes2}}Win
|11–0
| align=&quot;left&quot; |Marie-Eve Dicaire
|UD
|10
|Mar 5, 2021
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Dort Federal Event Center, Flint, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBC and WBO light middleweight titles; &lt;br&gt; Won [[List of IBF female world champions#Junior middleweight|IBF]], vacant [[List of WBA female world champions#Super welterweight|WBA (Super)]], and inaugural [[List of The Ring female world champions#Junior middleweight|''The Ring'' female light middleweight titles]]}}
|-
|-
|10
|{{yes2}}Win
|10–0
| align=&quot;left&quot; |Ivana Habazin
|UD
|10
|Jan 10, 2020
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Ocean Casino Resort]], Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won vacant [[List of WBC female world champions#Super welterweight|WBC]] and [[List of WBO female world champions#Junior middleweight|WBO female light middleweight titles]]}}
|-
|9
|{{yes2}}Win
|9–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Christina Hammer
|UD
|10
|Apr 13, 2019
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Boardwalk Hall]], [[Atlantic City, New Jersey]], U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA, WBC, and IBF female middleweight titles;&lt;br&gt;Won [[list of WBO female world champions#Middleweight|WBO]] and inaugural [[List of The Ring female world champions#Middleweight|''The Ring'' female middleweight titles]]}}
|-
|8
|{{yes2}}Win
|8–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Femke Hermans
|UD
|10
|Dec 8, 2018
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[StubHub Center]], [[Carson, California]], U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA, WBC, and IBF female middleweight titles}}
|-
|7
|{{yes2}}Win
|7–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Hannah Rankin
|UD
|10
|Nov 17, 2018
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Kansas Star Arena]], [[Mulvane, Kansas]], U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA and IBF female middleweight titles;&lt;br&gt;Won vacant [[list of WBC female world champions#Middleweight|WBC female middleweight title]]}}
|-
|6
|{{yes2}}Win
|6–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Hanna Gabriels
|UD
|10
|Jun 22, 2018
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Masonic Temple, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won vacant [[list of WBA female world champions#Middleweight|WBA]] and inaugural [[list of IBF female world champions#Middleweight|IBF female middleweight titles]]}}
|-
|5
|{{yes2}}Win
|5–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Tori Nelson
|UD
|10
|Jan 12, 2018
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Turning Stone Resort Casino]], [[Verona, New York]], U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBC and IBF female super middleweight titles;&lt;br&gt;Won [[Women Boxing Archive Network|WBAN]] lineal super middleweight title}}
|-
|4
|{{yes2}}Win
|4–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Nikki Adler
|TKO
|5 (10), {{Small|1:34}}
|Aug 4, 2017
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|MGM Grand, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won [[list of WBC female world champions#Super middleweight|WBC]] and inaugural [[list of IBF female world champions#Super middleweight|IBF female super middleweight titles]]}}
|-
|3
|{{yes2}}Win
|3–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Sydney LeBlanc
|UD
|8
|Jun 16, 2017
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Detroit Masonic Temple|Masonic Temple]], Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won vacant [[WBC Silver]] female [[super middleweight]] title}}
|-
|2
|{{yes2}}Win
|2–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Szilvia Szabados
|{{Abbr|TKO|Technical knockout}}
|4 (6), {{Small|1:30}}
|Mar 10, 2017
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[MGM Grand Detroit|MGM Grand]], [[Detroit, Michigan]], U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won vacant [[North American Boxing Federation|NABF]] female [[middleweight]] title}}
|-
|1
|{{yes2}}Win
|1–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Franchón Crews-Dezurn
|{{Abbr|UD|Unanimous decision}}
|4
|Nov 19, 2016
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[T-Mobile Arena]], [[Paradise, Nevada]], U.S.}}
|
|}

== Nassoshi ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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      <text bytes="50617" sha1="2anf1f8ts3wska0gp2p839ic2mh4jje" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Claressa Maria Shields'''  (an ta a watan Maris 17, 1995) ƙwararriyar ƴar dambe ce ta Amurika kuma ƙwararriyar ƙwararriyar mai fasaha ce. Ta gudanar da gasar cin kofin duniya da yawa a cikin azuzuwan nauyi biyar, gami da taken matsakaicin nauyi na mata mara nauyi a cikin Maris 2021; taken matsakaicin nauyi na mata sau biyu tsakanin 2019 da 2024; Majalisar Dambe ta Duniya (WBC) da Hukumar Dambe ta Duniya (IBF) na mata masu girman matsakaicin nauyi daga 2017 zuwa 2018; Kungiyar damben boksin ta duniya (WBO) ta mace mai nauyi mai nauyi da kuma kambun mata [[Damben nauyi|masu nauyi]] tun watan Fabrairun 2025. Shields a halin yanzu yana riƙe da tarihin zama zakara na duniya na biyu, uku, huɗu da biyar a cikin mafi ƙarancin faɗan ƙwararru. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Claressa Shields dominates Ivana Habazin, becomes fastest fighter to win titles in three weight classes |url=https://www.cbssports.com/boxing/news/claressa-shields-dominates-ivana-habazin-becomes-fastest-fighter-to-win-titles-in-three-weight-classes/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.cbssports.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun daga Oktoba 2022, ta kasance mafi kyawun mace mai matsakaicin nauyi a duniya ta BoxRec, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=BoxRec: Female light middleweight ratings |url=https://boxrec.com/en/ratings?r%5Brole%5D=proboxer&amp;r%5Bsex%5D=F&amp;r%5Bdivision%5D=Middleweight&amp;r%5Bcountry%5D=&amp;r%5Bstance%5D=&amp;r%5Bstatus%5D=a&amp;r_go= |access-date=July 7, 2022 |website=[[BoxRec]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma mafi kyawun ɗan damben mata, fam don fam, ta ESPN &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 22, 2022 |title=Women's boxing pound-for-pound rankings: Where do Taylor and Serrano land? |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/boxing/story/_/id/34821471/women-boxing-pound-pound-rankings-new-no-1-debut-alycia-baumgardner-top-10 |access-date=October 22, 2022 |website=[[ESPN]] |language=}}&lt;/ref&gt; da ''Ring .'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 September 2020 |title=The Ring Women's Ratings |url=https://www.ringtv.com/609826-the-ring-womens-ratings/ |access-date=October 22, 2022 |website=The Ring}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Garkuwa ita ce kawai ɗan dambe a tarihi, mace ko namiji, don riƙe duk manyan kambun duniya guda huɗu a damben — WBA, WBC, IBF da WBO, a cikin aji uku masu nauyi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-02-03 |title=Claressa Shields beats Danielle Perkins to become first three-weight undisputed champion |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/boxing/articles/cvg8159yz74o.amp |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ita ce kuma ta uku ( Amanda Serrano, Naoko Fujioka ) ‘yar damben damben mata a tarihi da ta zama zakara a kungiyoyi biyar daban-daban.

A cikin wani ƙawata sana'ar mai son, Garkuwa ta lashe lambobin zinare a rukunin mata na matsakaicin nauyi a gasar Olympics ta 2012 da 2016, abin da ya sa ta zama 'yar wasan dambe ta Amurka ta farko da ta lashe lambobin yabo na Olympics a jere.  Garkuwa ita ce ɗan dambe mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar Olympics ta Amurka a watan Fabrairun 2012, wanda ya lashe gasar a {{Convert|165|lb|kg}} rabon matsakaicin nauyi .    A watan Mayu, ta cancanci shiga wasannin na 2012, shekarar farko da wasan damben mata ya kasance gasar Olympics,  kuma ta ci gaba da zama mace ta farko Ba’amurke da ta samu lambar zinare ta Olympics a dambe.  Ƙungiyar Marubuta ta dambe ta Amirka ta ba ta sunan gwarzayen gwarzayen mata a 2018 da 2022. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Santoliquito |first=Joseph |date=2018-12-17 |title=Claressa Shields Is The BWAA's 2018 Female Fighter of the Year |url=https://www.bwaa.org/single-post/2018/12/17/claressa-shields-is-the-bwaa-s-2018-female-fighter-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108173757/https://www.bwaa.org/single-post/2018/12/17/claressa-shields-is-the-bwaa-s-2018-female-fighter-of-the-year |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=2021-06-24 |website=boxingwriters |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=JSantoliquito |date=2022-12-20 |title=Claressa Shields Is The BWAA 2022 Female Fighter Of The Year |url=https://www.bwaa.org/single-post/claressa-shields-is-the-bwaa-2022-female-fighter-of-the-year |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=boxingwriters |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Garkuwa kuma ƙwararren ɗan wasan yaƙin yaƙi ne, yana fafatawa a cikin Ƙwararrun Fighters League . 

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Shields kuma ya girma a Flint, Michigan, inda ta kasance ƙaramar makarantar sakandare a watan Mayu 2012.   Mahaifinta Bo Shields ne ya gabatar da ita ga damben boksin, wanda ya taba yin dambe a gasar wasannin karkashin kasa.  &lt;ref name=&quot;parish&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-05-07 |title=A fighting chance |url=https://www.espn.com/high-school/girl/story/_/id/7899778/claressa-shields-hopes-make-us-women-boxing-team |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=ESPN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bo ya kasance a gidan yari tun lokacin da Shields ke da shekara biyu zuwa tara. Bayan da aka sake shi, ya yi magana da ita game da 'yar damben nan [[Laila Ali]], wanda ya sa ta sha'awar wasanni.  Bo, ta yi imanin cewa dambe wasa ne na maza kuma ta ki barin Garkuwan su bi ta har sai ta kai shekara goma sha daya.  &lt;ref name=&quot;parish&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;npr&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Straight Out Of Flint: Girl Boxer Aims For Olympics |url=https://www.npr.org/2012/02/27/147500470/straight-out-of-flint-girl-boxer-aims-for-olympics |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=NPR |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wancan lokacin ta fara dambe a filin filin Berston da ke Flint, inda ta hadu da kocinta kuma mai horar da ita, Jason Crutchfield. &lt;ref name=&quot;parish&quot; /&gt; Garkuwa ta yaba wa kakarta tare da ƙarfafa ta da kar ta karɓi hani dangane da jinsinta.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 12, 2021 |title=WATCH: Claressa Shields Tears Up As She Opens Up On Her Grandmother's Influence In Her Life |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/mma-pfl-boxing-news-watch-claressa-shields-tears-up-as-she-opens-up-on-her-grandmothers-influence-in-her-life/ |website=EssentiallySports}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Amateur aiki ==

=== 2011-2013 ===
Bayan ta lashe kambun yankuna biyu da Gasar Olympics na Junior biyu, Garkuwan sun fafata a gasar buda-baki ta farko, Gasar Wasannin 'Yan Sanda ta Kasa 2011; Ta lashe kambun matsakaicin nauyi kuma an nada mata suna a matsayin babbar jaruma kuma ta cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta Amurka . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2011-06-12 |title=Flint boxer Claressa Shields destroys Tanisha Wheeler at the Illinois Female Invitational |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2011/06/flint_boxer_claressa_shields_d.html |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;apfeb2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Boxer Claressa Shields could be Olympic teen star |url=https://www.espn.com/espn/wire/_/section/oly/id/7586876 |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;blanchette&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Spotlight finds teen {{!}} The Spokesman-Review |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2012/feb/14/spotlight-finds-teen/ |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=www.spokesman.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gasar Olympics ta 2012, ta yi galaba a kan zakara na kasa, Franchón Crews-Dezurn, zakaran duniya na 2010, Andrecia Wasson, da Pittsburgh 's Tika Hemingway don lashe ajin matsakaicin nauyi. &lt;ref name=&quot;apfeb2012&quot; /&gt;  A watan Afrilun 2012, ta ci nauyin nauyinta a Gasar Cin Kofin Nahiyar Mata na Mata Elite a Cornwall, Ontario da mai kare zakaran duniya sau uku Mary Spencer ta [[Kanada]] ; ta rike rikodin rashin nasara na nasara 25 da rashin nasara 0 a wancan lokacin.  &lt;ref name=&quot;parish&quot;/&gt; 

Bayan nasarar da Shield ta samu a gasar wasannin Olympics ta Amurka, da farko an ba da rahoton cewa, za ta bukaci samun matsayi na 8 ne kawai a gasar dambe ta duniya ta AIBA ta shekarar 2012 a Qinhuangdao, na kasar Sin, domin samun tikitin shiga gasar Olympics ta 2012.

A ranar 10 ga Mayu, washegarin da aka fara fafatawar amma kafin fafatawar farko ta Garkuwa, an sanar da sauya dokokin da ke nufin Garkuwan za su kasance a cikin na biyu daga yankin (Arewa, Tsakiya, da Kudu) na Yankin Damben Damben Amurka na AIBA (AMBC).

Shields ta yi nasara a zagaye na farko amma an doke ta a zagaye na biyu a ranar 13 ga Mayu a hannun Savannah Marshall ta [[Ingila]], wanda ya kawo tarihin Shields zuwa 26–1. &lt;ref name=&quot;woodyard&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-05-16 |title=First amateur loss frustrates Flint boxer Claressa Shields, she expected a victory |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2012/05/first_amateur_loss_frustrates.html |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Damarta na cancanta don haka ya dogara da aikin Marshall na gaba; bayan Marshall ya tsallake zuwa wasan karshe na ajin matsakaita a ranar 18 ga Mayu, an sanar da cewa Shields ya sami damar shiga gasar Olympics. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Maya A. |date=9 May 2016 |title=Older and wiser, Claressa Shields reflects on 2012 |url=https://www.espn.com/espnw/culture/feature/article/15492978/older-wiser-claressa-shields-appreciates-attention-missing-2012-olympic-gold-fame |access-date=15 March 2023 |website=ESPN |language=}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gasar Olympics ta lokacin rani na 2012 da aka yi a Landan, tana da shekaru 17, ta lashe lambar zinare a matakin matsakaicin nauyi na mata bayan ta doke tsohuwar 'yar damben Rasha Nadezda Torlopova da ci 19–12.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Olympics boxing: Claressa Shields takes middleweight gold for USA |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/18914079 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120809214846/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/18914079 |archive-date=August 9, 2012 |access-date=August 9, 2012 |website=BBC}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hakan ya sanya ta zama mace ta farko a Amurka da ta samu lambar zinare ta dambe. 
[[Fayil:Claressa_Shields_-_PopTech_2012.jpg|left|thumb|255x255px| Garkuwa da lambar zinare ta Olympic a 2012]]
A watan Oktoban 2012, ta fafata a gasar PAL ta kasa ta biyu, inda ta doke Franchón Crews-Dezurn a wasan karshe don lashe zinari a matsakaicin nauyi a cikin budaddiyar rukuni. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Associated |date=2012-10-14 |title=Claressa Shields claims second straight Police Athletic League title |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2012/10/claressa_shields_claims_second.html |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A gasar damben damben duniya ta matasa ta IBA a shekarar 2013 a [[Bulgeriya]], Garkuwan sun doke 'yar damben bola Elżbieta Wójcik don lashe zinare a matakin matsakaicin nauyi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2013-09-28 |title=Claressa Shields wins gold at Youth World Championships in Bulgaria |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2013/09/claressa_shields_wins_gold_at.html |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2014-2016 ===
A cikin 2014, Garkuwan sun lashe zinare a Gasar Cin Kofin Ƙasa ta Amurka a Spokane, Washington . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2014-01-26 |title=Claressa Shields claims first USA Boxing National Championships title with unanimous decision win |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2014/01/claressa_shields_claims_first.html |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Yunin 2014, ta doke Yenebier Guillén a wasan karshe na gasar Olympics ta Pan American kuma ta dauki zinari a gida a matsakaicin nauyi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2014-07-21 |title=Claressa Shields takes gold again with Pan American Olympic Festival middleweight championship |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2014/07/claressa_shields_takes_gold_ag.html |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Satumba, ta doke Ariane Fortin 'yar [[Kanada|Canada]] a zagaye na karshe don lashe kambun matsakaicin nauyi a Gasar Cin Kofin Nahiyar Mata na Mata na Elite a karo na biyu na wasan damben mai sonta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2014-09-29 |title=Flint boxer Claressa Shields blocks out stomach pain to win Continental Championships in Mexico |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2014/09/flint_boxer_claressa_shields_b_1.html |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta sake samun wata lambar zinare a gasar cin kofin duniya a birnin Jeju, [[Koriya ta Kudu]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Zaccardi |first=Nick |date=November 20, 2014 |title=Claressa Shields wins first World Championships bout in 11 seconds (video) |url=http://olympics.nbcsports.com/2014/11/19/claressa-shields-boxing-world-championships-11-seconds/ |website=Olympics.nbcsports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma a shekara mai zuwa, ta zama Ba'amurke ta farko da ta ci kambu a damben mata a wasannin Olympics da na Pan American Games . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Flint's Claressa Shields to serve as flag bearer at Pan-Am close |url=http://www.detroitnews.com/story/sports/2015/07/25/flints-claressa-shields-serve-flag-bearer-pan-am-games/30686341/ |website=Detroitnews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sakamakon rawar da ta taka a gasar Pan American Games na 2015, an ba ta lambar yabo ta yin aiki a matsayin mai rike da tutar Amurka a bikin rufewa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McDougall |first=Chrös |date=22 July 2019 |title=5 Top Team USA Moments From The 2015 Pan American Games |url=https://www.teamusa.org/News/2019/July/22/5-Top-Team-USA-Moments-From-The-2015-Pan-American-Games |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722222344/https://www.teamusa.org/News/2019/July/22/5-Top-Team-USA-Moments-From-The-2015-Pan-American-Games |archive-date=July 22, 2019 |access-date=19 September 2022 |website=Team USA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Shields_vs_Benitez_2015_(7).jpg|left|thumb| Garkuwa (cikin ja) vs. Yenebier Guillén Benítez, 2015]]
Shields ta kare zinarenta a gasar cin kofin Amurka ta 2015 ta hanyar doke Raquel Miller a wasan karshe. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ProBoxing-Fans.com |date=2015-01-25 |title=USA Boxing National Championships final results &amp; winners |url=https://www.proboxing-fans.com/usa-boxing-national-championships-final-results-winners_012515/?amp |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=ProBoxing-Fans.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shields ta lashe lambar zinare a gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar Olympics ta AMBC ta 2016 a [[Argentina|Argentina inda]] ta doke Yenebier Guillén ta [[Jamhuriyar Dominika|Jamhuriyar Dominican]] a fafatawar karshe da ta yi a bikin cikarta shekaru 21 da haihuwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Eric Woodyard |date=March 22, 2016 |title=Flint boxer Claressa Shields wins gold at 2016 Americas Qualifier in Argentina |url=http://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/index.ssf/2016/03/flint_boxer_claressa_shields_w_10.html |website=Mlive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt; A watan Mayun 2016, Garkuwan sun ci Nouchka Fontijn ta hanyar yanke shawarar baki ɗaya don lashe zinare a gasar cin kofin duniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewoodyar@mlive.com |first=Eric Woodyard {{!}} |date=2016-05-27 |title=Flint boxer Claressa Shields collects another world title |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/2016/05/flint_boxer_claressa_shields_c_1.html |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=mlive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya a wannan shekarar, a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016 a [[Rio de Janeiro|Rio]], ta sake lashe lambar zinare a matakin matsakaicin nauyi na mata ta sake doke Nouchka Fontijn ta [[Holand|Netherlands]] . An ba ta lambar yabo ta mata ta farko ta Val Barker Trophy a gasar. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Golden again! Flint's Claressa Shields defends Olympic boxing title |url=http://www.freep.com/story/sports/olympics/rio-2016/2016/08/21/rio-olympics-boxing-claressa-shields/89074814/ |access-date=2016-08-22 |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kambun zinare da ta samu a baya-bayan nan ya sa ta zama 'yar damben boksin Amurka ta farko da ta lashe gasar Olympics a jere. 

Rikodin damben nata mai son shine nasara 77 (18 by knockout &lt;ref name=&quot;woodyard&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Zaccardi |first=Nick |date=July 24, 2015 |title=Claressa Shields: I would fight Ronda Rousey |url=http://olympics.nbcsports.com/2015/07/24/claressa-shields-ronda-rousey-boxing-mma-olympics-ufc/ |website=Olympics.nbcsports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Eric Woodyard |date=August 6, 2015 |title=Hundreds attend Flint premiere of Claressa Shields 'T-Rex' documentary |url=http://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/index.ssf/2015/08/hundreds_attend_premiere_of_cl.html |website=Mlive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ) da kuma rashin nasara 1. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Claressa Shields: This is only the beginning |url=http://www.fightnews.com/Boxing/claressa-shields-beginning-397052 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170310231040/http://www.fightnews.com/Boxing/claressa-shields-beginning-397052 |archive-date=March 10, 2017 |access-date=March 11, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Niyo: Flint's Claressa Shields fighting for her future |url=http://www.detroitnews.com/story/sports/2016/08/17/flints-claressa-shields-moves-rio-boxing/88900838/ |website=Detroitnews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-02-04 |title=Claressa Shields boasts an amateur record of 77-1 with Marshall inflicting the only loss of her career. Photo credit: cdn-s3.si.com |url=https://www.proboxing-fans.com/gwoat-claressa-shields-to-attend-york-hall-show/clar/ |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=ProBoxing-Fans.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kwararren sana'ar dambe ==
[[Fayil:Claressa_Shields_(27143341123)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|280x280px| Claressa Shields a cikin 2016]]
A cikin Nuwamba 2016, Garkuwan bisa hukuma sun tafi pro. Ta ci wasanta na farko, da Franchón Crews-Dezurn, ta hanyar yanke shawara gaba ɗaya. &lt;ref name=&quot;freep1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Coppinger |first=Mike |date=2016-11-19 |title=Flint's Claressa Shields wins easily in pro boxing debut in Las Vegas |url=http://www.freep.com/story/sports/2016/11/19/flint-boxing-claressa-shields-wins-pro-debut/94154520/ |access-date=2017-02-27 |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 10 ga Maris, 2017, ta fuskanci Szilvia Szabados don taken ' yan damben boksin na Arewacin Amurka, kuma TKO ta ci nasara. Wannan shi ne babban taron a ShoBox, tare da yakin lakabi na yanki tsakanin Antonio Nieves da Nikolai Potapov suna aiki a matsayin babban taron. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Baca |first=Michael |date=2014-06-20 |title=Antonio Nieves and Nikolai Potapov to clash March 10, on 'ShoBox' - The Ring |url=http://www.ringtv.com/486965-antonio-nieves-nikolai-potapov-clash-march-10-shobox/ |access-date=2017-03-08 |website=Ringtv.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan dai shi ne karon farko da wasan damben mata ya kasance babban abin da ya faru a kan katin sadarwar sahun farko na Amurka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 8, 2017 |title=Claressa Shields returns home to headline ShoBox event |url=http://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/18852498/claressa-shields-returns-home-headline-shobox-event |access-date=2017-03-08 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;freep.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Claressa Shields knocks 'em off their feet, wins first pro title |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/2017/03/11/claressa-shields-boxing-title-mgm-grand-detroit-showtime/99048486/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 16 ga Yuni, 2017, Garkuwan sun yi taken &quot;Detroit Brawl,&quot; suna fuskantar Sydney LeBlanc a fafatawar da ta shirya na zagaye takwas na farko. LeBlanc ya sanya hannu tare da sanarwar kwanaki uku, bayan Mery Rancier ta fice saboda matsalolin visa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 14, 2017 |title=Former Olympian Shields to face LeBlanc |url=http://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/19635361 |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 6, 2017 |title=Shields to fight Rancier in June in Detroit |url=http://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/19321326 |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt; Garkuwan sun yi nasara a fafatawar da yanke hukunci bayan dukkan zagaye takwas. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Flint's Claressa Shields claims WBC Silver belt in Detroit Brawl |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/2017/06/17/flints-claressa-shields-claims-wbc-silver-belt-detroit-brawl/405845001/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 4 ga Agusta, 2017, Garkuwan sun yi nasara a kan Nikki Adler mai karewa a MGM Grand Detroit don bel na babban matsakaicin nauyi na WBC da kuma bel ɗin IBF super-middleweight bel. Ta hanyar 5th Rd TKO dole ne mai aikin ya yi tsalle don kare Nikki Adler da ba a ci nasara ba. An watsa yakin akan Showtime .

=== 2018 ===
A ranar 12 ga Janairu, 2018, Shields ta ci gaba da rike kambunta na WBC da IBF na mata super middleweight, kuma ta lashe kambun babban matsakaicin nauyi na WBAN ta hanyar doke 17-0 Tori Nelson . Wannan shi ne karon farko da Shields ke yin zagaye 10 a cikin sana'arta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Eschen |first=Thomas |date=January 13, 2018 |title=Claressa Shields goes 10 rounds for the first time, but still dominates |url=http://nbc25news.com/sports/content/claressa-shields-goes-10-rounds-for-the-first-time-but-still-dominates |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=WEYI}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Latest News Story on WBAN |url=http://www.womenboxing.com/NEWS2018/news011318shields-wins-wban-super-middleweight-title.htm |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=www.womenboxing.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 9, 2018 |title=Shields-Nelson fight for WBAN belt this Fri. |url=https://www.boxingnews24.com/2018/01/wban-belt-awarded-winner-shields-nelson-showdown-world-super-middleweight-championship-live-showtime/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Boxingnews24.com |archive-date=April 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422204245/https://www.boxingnews24.com/2018/01/wban-belt-awarded-winner-shields-nelson-showdown-world-super-middleweight-championship-live-showtime/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 22 ga Yuni, 2018, a cikin gwagwarmayar ƙwararrunta ta shida, Garkuwa ta doke Hanna Gabriel ta hanyar yanke shawara gaba ɗaya, ta lashe WBA da ba kowa ba da kuma na farko na IBF middleweight belts, ta karya rikodin zama zakaran duniya mai nauyin nauyi biyu a cikin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru, rikodin da Vasyl Lomachenko ya yi a baya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-05-13 |title=Lomachenko stops Linares with 10th-round TKO |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/boxing/story/_/id/23485907 |access-date=2019-08-08 |website=ESPN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin Zagaye na 1, ta fuskanci karon farko na ƙwararrun sana'arta. Ta sauke daga 168 fam zuwa 160 don yakin. Wannan shine fadanta na farko da mai koyarwa John David Jackson, bayan yayi aiki tare da Jason Crutchfield don 5. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 31, 2018 |title=Boxing News: Claressa Shields Training Camp Notes » April 22, 2019 |url=https://fightnews.com/claressa-shields-training-camp-notes/22598 |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Fightnews.com |archive-date=April 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417141236/https://fightnews.com/claressa-shields-training-camp-notes/22598 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Claressa Shields knocked down, but fights back to beat Hanna Gabriels |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/2018/06/23/claressa-shields-boxing-hanna-gabriels/727757002/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

On December 8, 2018, Shields' fight aired on HBO, her first appearance on the network, a fight which was a part of the last boxing card to occur on HBO. She faced Femke Hermans outboxing her all 10 rounds for a unanimous decision victory.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2018 |title=Shields Opener Draws Peak Audience In Last HBO Boxing Card |url=https://www.boxingscene.com/shields-opener-draws-peak-audience-last-hbo-boxing-card--134538 |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=BoxingScene.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2019-2020 ===
A ranar 13 ga Afrilu, 2019, Garkuwa ta zama zakaran matsakaicin ajin mata na duniya da ba a tantama ba, inda ta hada kambun WBA, WBC, IBF da WBO, tare da bel na farko na mujallu na ''The Ring'', bayan doke Christina Hammer da yanke shawara gaba daya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 14, 2019 |title=Shields beats up Hammer, wins undisputed title |url=http://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/26518961 |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nasarar ta kasance kusa da rufewa tare da alkalai biyu da suka zira kwallaye 98–91 yayin da alkali na uku ya ci ta 98–92.

An shirya garkuwa da shi don yaƙar Ivana Habazin don neman kujerar ƙaramin matsakaicin nauyi na WBO a Flint, Michigan, a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brendan Savage |date=August 6, 2019 |title=Claressa Shields' title fight vs. Ivana Habazin in Flint rescheduled |url=https://www.mlive.com/sports/2019/08/claressa-shields-title-fight-in-flint-rescheduled-for-oct-5.html |website=Michigan Live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai dai an dage yakin saboda harin da aka kaiwa mai horar da Habazin a ma'aunin nauyi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-10-05 |title=Ivana Habazin trainer sucker punched during weigh in with Claressa Shields |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IttPMjv_m-U |access-date=2019-10-05 |website=[[YouTube]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An yi gumurzun ne a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 2020, tare da zoben mace baki daya (alkalan wasa). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Norm Frauenheim |date=November 16, 2019 |title=Claressa Shields-Ivana Habazin fight rescheduled for Jan. 10 |url=https://boxingjunkie.usatoday.com/2019/11/claressa-shields-ivana-habazin-fight-rescheduled-for-jan-10 |website=boxingjunkie.usatoday.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zauren titin jirgin ruwa na Atlantika ya siyar da Wuri kamar yadda Claressa ya ci nasara ta hanyar yanke shawara gabaɗaya, 99–89, 100–90 da 100–89, kuma ya zama mafi sauri da ya taɓa samun lakabi a cikin sassan 3 namiji ko mace a tarihi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dan Rafael |date=January 11, 2020 |title=Claressa Shields beats Ivana Habazin for junior middleweight title |url=https://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/28460976/claressa-shields-beats-ivana-habazin-junior-middleweight-title |website=[[ESPN]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2021 ===
A ranar 5 ga Maris, 2021, Garkuwa ta doke Marie-Eve Dicaire ta hanyar yanke shawara gaba ɗaya don riƙe taken WBC da WBO super welterweight, da'awar bel mai nauyin kilo 154, da madauri mara nauyi na WBA. Da nasarar ta zama 'yar dambe ta farko a zamanin belt hudu da ta rike kambunta ba tare da jayayya ba a azuzuwan nauyi biyu, kuma 'yar damben damben mace ta farko da ta zama zakaran damben da ba a saba da shi ba a azuzuwan nauyi biyu.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Claressaauto31&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 November 2023 |title=Taylor gets even, wins Cameron's undisputed title |url=https://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/38979772/katie-taylor-gets-even-wins-chantelle-cameron-undisputed-title |website=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kirven |first=J. L. |title=Claressa Shields continues assault on women's boxing with dominant win, seeks revenge next |url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/2021/03/06/claressa-shields-boxing-marie-eve-dicaire/4609121001/ |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan fadan ya faru ne a garin Garkuwan tare da takaitaccen taron jama'a saboda [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|annobar COVID-19]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Christ |first=Scott |date=6 March 2021 |title=Shields vs Dicaire results: Claressa Shields dominates again, becomes two-division undisputed champion |url=https://www.badlefthook.com/2021/3/6/22316396/shields-vs-dicaire-results-claressa-dominates-two-division-undisputed-champion-boxing-news-2021 |website=Bad Left Hook |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== 2022-2023 ===
Sannan Garkuwan sun fuskanci Ema Kozin a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 2022. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Michael Rothstein |date=November 11, 2021 |title=Claressa Shields to fight Ema Kozin on Dec. 11 as part of new multifight deal with Sky Sports, BOXXER |url=https://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/32607627/claressa-shields-fight-ema-kozin-dec-11-part-new-multi-fight-deal-sky-sports-boxxer |website=[[ESPN]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yanke shawarar yanke shawara tare da dukkan alkalan wasa da suka zira mata kwallaye a kowane zagaye, kuma ta ci gaba da rike kambunta na WBA, WBC, IBF, da ''The Ring'' mata na matsakaicin nauyi yayin da ta lashe kambun mata na matsakaicin nauyi na WBF . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Coral Barry |date=February 6, 2022 |title=Claressa Shields shines in win over Ema Kozin, while Caroline Dubois impresses on pro debut |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/boxing/60272725 |website=[[BBC]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An shirya garkuwa da farko don fuskantar zakaran matsakaicin nauyi na WBO Savannah Marshall a fafatawar da ake yi na haɗewa a ranar 10 ga Satumba, 2022. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jesús Milano |date=July 5, 2022 |title=Claressa Shields and Savannah Marshall will face on Sept. 10 |url=https://www.wbaboxing.com/boxing-news/claressa-shields-and-savannah-marshall-will-face-on-sept-10 |website=wbaboxing.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, saboda mutuwar Sarauniya Elizabeth ta biyu an dage fafatawar da za a yi ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 2022. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Danny Segura |date=September 20, 2022 |title=Claressa Shields' boxing return rescheduled for Oct. 15 after postponement due to passing of Queen Elizabeth II |url=https://mmajunkie.usatoday.com/2022/09/claressa-shields-boxing-return-rescheduled-for-oct-15-postponement-queen-elizabeth-death |website=[[MMAjunkie.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A daren yakin, Garkuwan sun tafi tazarar zagaye na 10 da Marshall. Dangane da ƙididdigar CompuBox, Garkuwa sun mamaye Marshall 175 zuwa 136; ya sauko da yawa fiye da jabs, 44 zuwa 14; kuma ya sami ƙarin iko, 131 zuwa 122. Garkuwan sun yi nasara ta hanyar yanke shawara tare da alkalai biyu da suka zira kwallaye 97 – 93 kuma daya ya zira kwallaye 96 – 94, duk suna goyon bayan Garkuwa don zama zakaran matsakaicin nauyi na duniya.  Wannan fada ya faru ne a filin wasa na O2 kuma shi ne karon farko da 'yan damben mata biyu suka yi kanun labarai a wani babban filin wasa a Burtaniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Claressa Shields beats Savannah Marshall by unanimous decision in undisputed middleweight title fight |url=https://www.skysports.com/boxing/news/12183/12720944/shields-reigns-supreme-over-marshall-in-epic-undisputed-clash |access-date=2022-10-16 |website=Sky Sports |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Kazalika, fadan ya jagoranci katin dambe na farko na mata [[Birtaniya|a Burtaniya]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 October 2022 |title=Savannah Marshall loses grudge match against Claressa Shields in fierce battle |url=https://www.itv.com/news/tyne-tees/2022-10-15/savannah-marshall-loses-grudge-match-against-claressa-shields-in-close-battle |website=ITV News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 3 ga Yuni, 2023, Garkuwan sun ci Maricela Cornejo ta hanyar yanke shawara gaba ɗaya a Little Caesars Arena a [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] don riƙe takenta na matsakaicin nauyi mara gardama . Bayan da suka mamaye daga farko har zuwa karshe, alkalan sun zira kwallaye 100-89, 100-90 da 100-90. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-06-04 |title=Shields cruises in one-sided win over Cornejo |url=https://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/37792204/claressa-shields-retains-title-one-sided-win-maricela-cornejo |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2024-2025 ===
An shirya garkuwa da shi don kalubalantar Vanessa Lepage-Joanisse don takenta na nauyi na WBC a Little Caesars Arena a [[Detroit|Detroit, MI]] akan Yuli 27, 2024.  An yi fafatawa a fafatawar da nauyin kilo 175 tare da marassa nauyi na WBF da kuma taken WBO masu nauyi a kan layi.  Garkuwa sun yi nasara a yakin ta hanyar TKO na biyu, suna sauke Joanisse sau uku a hanya. 

== Ƙwararrun haɗaɗɗiyar sana'ar wasan yaƙi ==
A cikin Nuwamba 2020, Shields ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru uku tare da Ƙwararrun Fighters League kuma ana sa ran za ta fara fara wasan yaƙin yaƙi a cikin 2021.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Damon Martin |date=December 15, 2020 |title=Claressa Shields explains why she joined PFL over UFC and her frustrations with the current state of boxing |url=https://www.mmafighting.com/2020/12/15/22175879/claressa-shields-explains-why-she-joined-pfl-over-ufc-and-her-frustrations-current-state-of-boxing |publisher=mmafighting.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun lokacin da Shields ya fara sanar da cewa MMA na farko, ta kuma fara horo a Jiu-Jitsu na Brazil kuma ta tafi horo a ƙarƙashin IBJJF no gi Zakaran Duniya Roberto Alencar, tare da Holly Holm . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kahtrine Burne |date=December 12, 2020 |title=Claressa Shields Starts Her BJJ Journey Under Roberto Alencar |url=https://jitsmagazine.com/claressa-shields-starts-her-bjj-journey-under-roberto-alencar/ |website=jitsmagazine.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kuma fara horo a JacksonWink MMA a ƙarshen 2020. 

Garkuwa ta yi wasanta na farko na MMA a PFL 4 a ranar 10 ga Yuni, 2021, da Brittney Elkin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Martin |first=Damon |date=14 April 2021 |title=Boxing champ Claressa Shields faces Brittney Elkin in MMA debut as part of PFL card on June 10 |url=https://www.mmafighting.com/2021/4/14/22383678/boxing-champ-claressa-shields-faces-brittney-elkin-in-mma-debut-as-part-of-pfl-card-on-june-10 |access-date=14 April 2021 |website=MMA Fighting |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi nasara a fafatawar ta hanyar buga fasaha a zagaye na uku. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-06-11 |title=2021 PFL 4 results: Claressa Shields tested, rallies to win MMA debut by third-round TKO |url=https://mmajunkie.usatoday.com/2021/06/2021-pfl-4-results-claressa-shields-wins-mma-debut-by-third-round-tko |access-date=2021-06-11 |website=MMA Junkie |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An fara fafatawar ta na biyu a gasar PFL 9 a ranar 27 ga Agusta, 2021, da abokin hamayyar da har yanzu ba a bayyana sunanta ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marc Raimondi |date=June 23, 201 |title=Claressa Shields to fight again in PFL match on Aug. 27 in Florida |url=https://www.espn.com/mma/story/_/id/31689118/claressa-shields-fight-again-pfl-match-aug-27-florida |website=[[ESPN]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, a ranar 12 ga Yuli, 2021, labarai sun bayyana cewa an sake shirya fafatawar ta a ranar 19 ga Agusta, 2021, don samun ƙarin fallasa a taron PFL 8 na ESPN. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Damon Martin |date=July 12, 2021 |title=Claressa Shields books next PFL fight on Aug. 19 on ESPN, expected to share card with Kayla Harrison |url=https://www.mmafighting.com/2021/7/12/22574460/claressa-shields-books-next-pfl-fight-on-aug-19-on-espn-expected-to-share-card-with-kayla-harrison |publisher=mmafighting.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga ƙarshe an sake tsara shi don PFL 10 a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 2021, tare da Garkuwan da ke fuskantar Abigail Montes. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-08-12 |title=Shields returns to PFL cage Oct. 27 vs. Montes |url=https://www.espn.com/mma/story/_/id/32008285/claressa-shields-returns-pfl-cage-october-27-abigail-montes |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=ESPN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Garkuwan sun yi rashin nasara ta hanyar yanke shawara. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Anderson |first=Jay |date=2021-10-27 |title=PFL Championship 2021: Abigail Montes Fights Smart Game Plan, Beats Claressa Shields |url=https://cagesidepress.com/2021/10/27/pfl-championship-2021-claressa-shields-vs-abigail-montes/ |access-date=2021-10-28 |website=Cageside Press |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Agusta 2023, an sanar da cewa Garkuwan sun sake rattaba hannu kan kwangilar shekaru da yawa tare da Ƙwararrun Fighters League don ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa a gauraye da fasaha. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brett Okamoto |date=August 9, 2023 |title=Boxing star Claressa Shields inks multiyear MMA deal with PFL |url=https://www.espn.com/mma/story/_/id/38161362/boxing-star-claressa-shields-inks-multiyear-mma-deal-pfl |website=[[ESPN]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Garkuwan sun fuskanci Kelsey DeSantis a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 2024, a PFL vs. Bellator . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 24, 2024 |title=Latest PFL vs. Bellator 'Seize the Throne' fight card, rumors for Saudi Arabia event |url=https://www.mmamania.com/2024/1/24/24046866/latest-pfl-bellator-seize-throne-fight-card-rumors-date-location-start-time-saudi-arabia-espn-mma |website=mmamania.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ba ta iya yin nauyin da ya dace don yakin da ta yi da DeSantis ba, wanda ya tilasta abokin hamayyarta ya yi yaki da nau'o'in nau'i biyu, tare da wasan da ya faru a 165 fam. Garkuwan sun yi nasara a fafatawar ta hanyar yanke shawara. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 24, 2024 |title=PFL vs. Bellator results: Claressa Shields narrowly escapes massive upset with split nod over Kelsey DeSantis |url=https://www.mmafighting.com/2024/2/24/24082258/pfl-vs-bellator-results-claressa-sheilds-narrowly-escapes-massive-upset-split-nod-kelsey-desantis |website=mmafighting.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
[[Fayil:Vice_President_Joe_Biden_(7885558782).jpg|thumb| Garkuwa da Mataimakin Shugaban kasa [[Joe Biden]] a cikin 2012. Garkuwa sun gabatar da Biden a lokacin yakin neman zaben 2012 a Michigan.]]
Garkuwa daga Flint, Michigan. Garkuwa ta yi baftisma sa’ad da take ’yar shekara 13 (shekaru biyu bayan ta fara dambe) kuma ta soma halartan wata majami’a. Ta sami ƙarfi a bangaskiyar Kirista kuma daga baya ta bar gida. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 6, 2016 |title=Four to watch: With faith, these Olympians run the races set before them |url=https://world.wng.org/2016/07/four_to_watch |website=World.wng.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Garkuwan sun yi yunƙurin ɗaukar diyar kawunta a 2014. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 25, 2015 |title=With her life in order, Claressa Shields has eye on second Olympic gold in Rio |url=http://boxingjunkie.usatoday.com/2015/10/25/with-her-life-in-order-claressa-shields-has-eye-on-second-olympic-gold-in-rio/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20160814164757/http://boxingjunkie.usatoday.com/2015/10/25/with-her-life-in-order-claressa-shields-has-eye-on-second-olympic-gold-in-rio/ |archive-date=August 14, 2016 |publisher=World Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Garkuwa jakadi ne na Wasannin Up2Us, kungiyar ba da riba ta kasa da ke sadaukar da kai don tallafawa matasa marasa aikin yi ta hanyar samar musu da masu horarwa da aka horar da su kan ingantaccen ci gaban matasa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2015 |title=Documentary about Claressa Shields comes to Flint Institute of Arts |url=http://www.abc12.com/news/headlines/Documentary-about-Claressa-Shields-comes-to-Flint-Institute-of-Arts--320654232.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415200354/http://www.abc12.com/news/headlines/Documentary-about-Claressa-Shields-comes-to-Flint-Institute-of-Arts--320654232.html |archive-date=April 15, 2017 |access-date=April 14, 2017 |website=ABC 12}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shield kuma jakadan ne na daidaiton jinsi a fagen wasanni, musamman wasan dambe, wanda kafafen yada labarai ke rufawa asiri. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Zucker |first=Joseph |title=PFL's Claressa Shields Calls Out 'Sexist' Boxing, Cites Equal Pay Issues |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2920538-pfls-claressa-shields-calls-out-sexist-boxing-cites-equal-pay-issues |access-date=2021-02-16 |website=Bleacher Report |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

A cikin 2021 Garkuwa sun bi tsarin cin abinci na pescatarian, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-10-21 |title=&quot;I've Been a Pescatarian for Over a Year Now&quot; - Claressa Shields |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/boxing-news-ive-been-a-pescatarian-for-over-a-year-now-claressa-shields/ |access-date=2021-05-30 |website=EssentiallySports |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020030939/https://www.essentiallysports.com/boxing-news-ive-been-a-pescatarian-for-over-a-year-now-claressa-shields/ |archive-date=2021-10-20 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma daga baya ya bayyana a wata hira da Mythical Kitchen yana cin nama.

A ranar 19 ga Yuni, 2022, garinsu na Flint, Michigan ya sake sunan titi don girmama ta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-06-21 |title=Claressa Shields now has her own street |url=https://www.wbaboxing.com/boxing-news/claressa-shields-now-has-her-own-street |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=World Boxing Association |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== A cikin shahararrun al'adu ==
Garkuwa shine batun shirin shirin ''T-Rex na shekarar 2015: Yaƙinta na Zinariya'' wanda ya biyo bayan mafarkinta na kasancewa mace ta farko a tarihi da ta lashe lambar zinare a wasan damben Olympic. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 24, 2016 |title=T-Rex |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4151212/ |website=IMDb}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=T-Rex: Her Fight for Gold - Documentary about Olympic Boxer Claressa Shields - Independent Lens - PBS |url=https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/t-rex-her-fight-for-gold/ |website=Pbs.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2016, Hotuna na Duniya, wani ɓangare na Comcast, wanda ke da hakkin watsa shirye-shiryen Olympics a Amurka, ya sami 'yancin yin fim game da tarihin rayuwarta, wanda aka saki a 2024 a matsayin ''Wuta a ciki'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;The Detroit News&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Niyo, John |date=3 August 2016 |title=Niyo: Flint's Claressa Shields fighting for her future |url=http://www.detroitnews.com/story/sports/2016/08/01/flint-boxer-claressa-shields-fighting-future/87942132/ |access-date=4 August 2016 |publisher=The Detroit News}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=October 7, 2016 |title='Moonlight's Barry Jenkins To Script Story Of First American Female Gold Medal Boxer Claressa 'T-Rex' Shields |url=https://deadline.com/2016/10/barry-jenkins-claressa-t-rex-shields-movie-universal-pictures-moonlight-1201832804/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Deadline}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ryan Destiny ya nuna Garkuwan a cikin fim ɗin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=May 25, 2022 |title=Brian Tyree Henry Boards ''Flint Strong'' As Boxing Drama Finds New Studio Home, Restarts Shooting (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/brian-tyree-henry-flint-strong-1235154074/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525190655/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/brian-tyree-henry-flint-strong-1235154074/ |archive-date=25 May 2022 |access-date=25 May 2022 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2016, Shields an tsara shi don yin aiki a cikin fim ɗin Susan Seidelman -Punch ''Me'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Woodyard |first=Eric |date=August 24, 2016 |title=Looking ahead to what's next for Claressa Shields |url=http://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/index.ssf/2016/08/looking_ahead_to_whats_next_fo.html |access-date=2017-02-27 |website=MLive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin Disamba 2016, Garkuwa ya zama mace ta uku ( Cathy Davis, Ronda Rousey ) da kuma 'yar damben mata ta biyu da ta taɓa samun kyautar murfin mujallar &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwAvU&quot;&gt;The Ring&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ring Magazine: December 2016 - BoxRec |url=https://boxrec.com/wiki/index.php/Ring_Magazine:_December_2016 |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=boxrec.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2018, Garkuwan sun yi aiki a cikin tallan Walmart wanda Dee Rees ya jagoranta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Acosta |first=Roberto |date=March 5, 2018 |title=Flint's Claressa Shields takes swing at acting in Walmart ad |url=https://www.mlive.com/news/flint/2018/03/flints_claressa_shields_takes.html |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=mlive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Wills |first=Cortney |date=March 3, 2018 |title=WATCH: 'Mudbound' director, Dee Rees teams with Walmart to provide a shot for female filmmakers |url=https://thegrio.com/2018/03/02/365078/ |access-date=April 22, 2019 |website=Thegrio.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Lakabi a dambe ==

=== Manyan lakabi ===

* WBA (Super) Zakaran matsakaicin nauyi (lbs 154)
* Gwarzon WBC Haske na matsakaicin nauyi (lbs 154)
* Gwarzon WBO Hasken matsakaicin nauyi (lbs 154)
* Gwarzon Haske na IBF (154 lbs)
* Gwarzon Matsakaicin Nauyi na WBA (lbs 160)
* Gwarzon Matsakaicin Nauyi na WBC (lbs 160)
* Gwarzon Matsakaicin nauyi na WBO (lbs 160)
* Gwarzon Matsakaicin Nauyin IBF (160 lbs)
* WBC Super Middleweight Champion (168 lbs)
* IBF Super Middleweight Champion (168 lbs)
* Zakaran Nauyin Hasken WBO (lbs 175)
* Gwarzon Nauyin WBA (175+ lbs)
* Gwarzon Nauyin WBC (175+ lbs)
* Gwarzon Nauyin Nauyin WBO (175+ lbs)
* Gwarzon Nauyin Nauyin IBF (175+ lbs)

=== Ƙananan lakabi ===

* Gwarzon Nauyin Tsakiyar Nauyin WBF (lbs 160)
* WBC Azurfa Super Middleweight Champion (168 lbs)
* [[Damben nauyi|Gwarzon]] Nauyin WBF (175+ lbs)

=== Lakabi na yanki ===

* NABF Champion Middleweight

=== Sunayen ''Ring'' ===

== Kyauta ==
An ba ta kyautar Gwarzon Dan dambe a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya a watan Mayun 2016 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016-05-27 |title=Claressa Shields wins second straight world championship gold medal |url=https://www.si.com/olympics/2016/05/27/claressa-shields-wins-second-straight-gold-medal-world-championships-boxing |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=SI |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!{{Abbr|No.|Number}}
!Result
!Record
!Opponent
!Type
!Round, time
!Date
!Location
!Notes
|-
|16
|{{yes2}}Win
|16–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Danielle Perkins
|UD
|10
|Feb 2, 2025
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Dort Financial Center]], Flint, Michigan}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained [[List of WBC female world champions#Heavyweight|WBC]], and WBF female heavyweight title;&lt;br&gt;Won vacant [[List of IBF female world champions#Heavyweight|IBF]], [[List of WBO female world champions#Heavyweight|WBO]] and inaugural [[List of WBA female world champions#Heavyweight|WBA female heavyweight titles]]}}
|-
|15
|{{yes2}}Win
|15–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Vanessa Lepage-Joanisse
|TKO
|2 (10), {{Small|1:09}}
|Jul 27, 2024
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Little Caesars Arena]], Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won [[List of WBC female world champions#Heavyweight|WBC]], and vacant [[World Boxing Federation|WBF]] female heavyweight and [[List of WBO female world champions#Light heavyweight|WBO female light heavyweight titles]]}}
|-
|14
|{{yes2}}Win
|14–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Maricela Cornejo
|UD
|10
|Jun 3, 2023
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Little Caesars Arena]], Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA, WBC, IBF, WBO, WBF, and ''The Ring'' female middleweight titles}}
|-
|13
|{{yes2}}Win
|13–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Savannah Marshall
|UD
|10
|Oct 15, 2022
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[The O2 Arena]], [[London]], England}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA, WBC, IBF, WBF, and ''The Ring'' female middleweight titles;&lt;br&gt;Won WBO female middleweight title}}
|-
|12
|{{yes2}}Win
|12–0
| align=&quot;left&quot; |Ema Kozin
|UD
|10
|Feb 5, 2022
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{Small|[[Cardiff International Arena|Motorpoint Arena Cardiff]], [[Cardiff]], Wales}}
| align=&quot;left&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA, WBC, IBF, and ''The Ring'' female middleweight titles;&lt;br&gt;Won [[World Boxing Federation|WBF]] female middleweight title}}
|-
|11
|{{yes2}}Win
|11–0
| align=&quot;left&quot; |Marie-Eve Dicaire
|UD
|10
|Mar 5, 2021
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Dort Federal Event Center, Flint, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBC and WBO light middleweight titles; &lt;br&gt; Won [[List of IBF female world champions#Junior middleweight|IBF]], vacant [[List of WBA female world champions#Super welterweight|WBA (Super)]], and inaugural [[List of The Ring female world champions#Junior middleweight|''The Ring'' female light middleweight titles]]}}
|-
|-
|10
|{{yes2}}Win
|10–0
| align=&quot;left&quot; |Ivana Habazin
|UD
|10
|Jan 10, 2020
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Ocean Casino Resort]], Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won vacant [[List of WBC female world champions#Super welterweight|WBC]] and [[List of WBO female world champions#Junior middleweight|WBO female light middleweight titles]]}}
|-
|9
|{{yes2}}Win
|9–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Christina Hammer
|UD
|10
|Apr 13, 2019
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Boardwalk Hall]], [[Atlantic City, New Jersey]], U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA, WBC, and IBF female middleweight titles;&lt;br&gt;Won [[list of WBO female world champions#Middleweight|WBO]] and inaugural [[List of The Ring female world champions#Middleweight|''The Ring'' female middleweight titles]]}}
|-
|8
|{{yes2}}Win
|8–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Femke Hermans
|UD
|10
|Dec 8, 2018
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[StubHub Center]], [[Carson, California]], U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA, WBC, and IBF female middleweight titles}}
|-
|7
|{{yes2}}Win
|7–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Hannah Rankin
|UD
|10
|Nov 17, 2018
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Kansas Star Arena]], [[Mulvane, Kansas]], U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBA and IBF female middleweight titles;&lt;br&gt;Won vacant [[list of WBC female world champions#Middleweight|WBC female middleweight title]]}}
|-
|6
|{{yes2}}Win
|6–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Hanna Gabriels
|UD
|10
|Jun 22, 2018
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Masonic Temple, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won vacant [[list of WBA female world champions#Middleweight|WBA]] and inaugural [[list of IBF female world champions#Middleweight|IBF female middleweight titles]]}}
|-
|5
|{{yes2}}Win
|5–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Tori Nelson
|UD
|10
|Jan 12, 2018
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Turning Stone Resort Casino]], [[Verona, New York]], U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Retained WBC and IBF female super middleweight titles;&lt;br&gt;Won [[Women Boxing Archive Network|WBAN]] lineal super middleweight title}}
|-
|4
|{{yes2}}Win
|4–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Nikki Adler
|TKO
|5 (10), {{Small|1:34}}
|Aug 4, 2017
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|MGM Grand, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won [[list of WBC female world champions#Super middleweight|WBC]] and inaugural [[list of IBF female world champions#Super middleweight|IBF female super middleweight titles]]}}
|-
|3
|{{yes2}}Win
|3–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Sydney LeBlanc
|UD
|8
|Jun 16, 2017
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[Detroit Masonic Temple|Masonic Temple]], Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won vacant [[WBC Silver]] female [[super middleweight]] title}}
|-
|2
|{{yes2}}Win
|2–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Szilvia Szabados
|{{Abbr|TKO|Technical knockout}}
|4 (6), {{Small|1:30}}
|Mar 10, 2017
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[MGM Grand Detroit|MGM Grand]], [[Detroit, Michigan]], U.S.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|Won vacant [[North American Boxing Federation|NABF]] female [[middleweight]] title}}
|-
|1
|{{yes2}}Win
|1–0
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |Franchón Crews-Dezurn
|{{Abbr|UD|Unanimous decision}}
|4
|Nov 19, 2016
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |{{Small|[[T-Mobile Arena]], [[Paradise, Nevada]], U.S.}}
|
|}

== Nassoshi ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>2anf1f8ts3wska0gp2p839ic2mh4jje</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dhirendranath Datta</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="5688" sha1="1mowz2eeha91ez7g818sjn2admbm5d8" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Dhirendranath Datta''' (2 ga Nuwamba 1886 - ya ɓace 29 ga Maris 1971) &lt;ref name=&quot;dream&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ahsan, Syed Badrul |date=2 November 2016 |title=Dhirendranath Dutta…our dream maker |url=http://opinion.bdnews24.com/2016/11/02/dhirendranath-duttaour-dream-maker/ |access-date=2 November 2016 |publisher=bdnews24.com |type=Opinion |archive-date=19 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019013448/https://opinion.bdnews24.com/2016/11/02/dhirendranath-duttaour-dream-maker/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; lauya ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Bengali daga Gabashin Bengal wanda ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokoki ta 1 ta Pakistan . An fi saninsa da gabatar da Bengali don harshen ƙasa na Pakistan a Majalisar. Ya kuma kasance mai aiki a cikin siyasar Bengal da ba a raba shi ba a Indiya kafin rabuwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;pedia&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Salam |first=Muhammad Abdus |title=Datta, Dhirendranath |url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Datta,_Dhirendranath |access-date=26 July 2015 |website=Banglapedia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703145424/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Datta,_Dhirendranath |archive-date=3 July 2015 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Datta a cikin dangin Aristocrat Kayastha a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba 1886 a Ramrail, a cikin Gundumar Brahmanbaria,  Lardin Bengal (a cikin Bangladesh na yau). Mahaifinsa Jagabandhu Datta lauya ne kuma ya gabatar da Dhirendranath ga aikin lauya tun yana ƙarami. Dhirendranath ta yi karatu a makarantar sakandare ta Nabinagar, Makarantar Comilla Zilla da Kwalejin Ripon a [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] .  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2023}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Farkon aiki ==
Datta ya fara aikinsa a matsayin malamin makaranta, daga ƙarshe ya zama mataimakin shugaban makarantar sakandare ta Bangora a Comilla. Ya kasance mai aiki sosai a cikin al'ummar yankin kuma ya kasance jagora na kokarin agaji bayan ambaliyar ruwa a shekarar 1915. Ya kafa ''Mukti Sangha'', ƙungiyar jin dadin jama'a, bayan [[Mahatma Gandhi]] ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi. Ayyukan agaji na Datta sun ci gaba har zuwa Yunwa ta Bengal ta 1943. Ya shiga Kotun Gundumar Comilla a shekarar 1911 kuma ya ci gaba da aiki har sai abokin aikinsa na siyasa Chittaranjan Das ya shawarce shi ya bar sana'arsa don neman siyasa.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2023}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Yunkurin siyasa ==
Tare da yawancin 'yan Bengal masu aiki a siyasa na lokacinsa, Datta ya tsaya tsayin daka bayan Rarraba Bengal na 1905. Ya zaɓi ya yi tsayayya da rabuwa, yana aiki tare da wasu masu gwagwarmayar adawa da rabuwa kamar Surendranath Banerjee da Rabindranath Tagore . Datta ta shiga Majalisar Dokokin Indiya daga Gundumar Mymensingh kuma an fara zabar ta a Majalisar Dokokin Bengal a 1937. Shugabannin Burtaniya na Indiya sun kama shi saboda shiga cikin yunkurin Quit India na 1942.

Datta ya yi tsayayya da kirkirar Pakistan da rarraba Indiya a kan layin addini; amma lokacin da ya bayyana cewa rarraba Bengal ba za a iya gujewa ba kuma cewa gundumar gidansa ta Comilla za ta kasance a cikin sabuwar jihar mafi rinjaye ta Musulmi, ya zaɓi ya kasance a Gabashin Bengal (ba kamar sauran shugabannin Hindu da yawa ba), kuma a sakamakon haka, an gayyace shi ya zama wani ɓangare na kwamitin tsarin mulki don tsara tsarin majalisa na sabuwar ƙasar kafin ainihin 'yancin Pakistan.

=== Lokacin Pakistan ===
Datta ya ci gaba da wakiltar mazabarsa a matsayin memba na Hindu na sake suna Pakistan National Congress (an rarraba kujerun ta hanyar quota bisa ga addini). A ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1948 a Majalisar Dokokin Pakistan a [[Karachi]], ya yi jawabi yana kira ga a sanya Bengali ɗaya daga cikin harsunan hukuma na Pakistan,  a cikin abin da zai zama aikin da 'yan kasarsa za su fi tunawa da shi.

A shekara ta 1954, ya gabatar da wani yunkuri na jinkiri game da sanarwar Gwamna a Gabashin Pakistan, kuma an gan shi a matsayin fuskar zanga-zangar da dimokuradiyya.

Ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Lafiya da Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a (Gabas ta Pakistan) a majalisar ministocin Ataur Rahman Khan (1956). Saboda zargin da yake da shi ga ƙungiyar 'yan kasa ta Bengali, waɗanda ake zaton membobinsu sun haɗa da [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]], an hana shi shiga cikin zaɓen ƙasa ta hanyar tilasta EBDO (Elective Bodies Disqualification Order). Bayan wannan, ya guji siyasa amma ya ci gaba da tallafawa yunkurin kishin kasa daga baya.

== Kashewar da Sojojin Pakistan suka yi ==
Saboda ci gaba da rashin amincewa da nuna bambanci da mulkin mallaka a Pakistan, a farkon Yakin 'Yanci na Bangladesh, kwana uku bayan kama Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, an kama Datta a gidansa a Comilla a ranar 29 ga Maris 1971, kuma an kai shi tare da ɗansa, Dilip Kumar Datta, zuwa Moynamoti Cantonment kuma an [[Gallazawa|azabtarwa]] da shi har ya mutu. Saboda wannan dalili, ana kiransa &quot;Shaheed&quot; (shahadar) a matsayin alamar girmamawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;pedia&quot;/&gt;

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Datta tana da 'ya'ya maza 2, Sanjib da Dilip Kumar Datta . &lt;ref name=&quot;dream&quot;/&gt;

== Haɗin waje ==
 

== manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Ƙarin karantawa ==

* [http://www.nvo.com/ghosh_research/nss-folder/historyoflanguageday/ Labari game da tarihin Yunkurin Harshe na Bangladesh]
{{Language Movement}}
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1886]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Danila Botha</title>
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'''Danila Botha''' marubuciya ce kuma marubuciya a Kanada. Ta wallafa tarin gajerun labarai guda biyu, tare da na uku da za a buga a 2024 da litattafai biyu, tare le na biyu da za a bugawa a 2025.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Danila Botha |url=http://www.danilabotha.com |access-date=2016-01-21 |website=danilabotha.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa da aiki ==
An haifi Botha a [[Johannesburg|Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu]] a shekarar 1982. Ita Bayahude ce, kuma 'yar asalin [[Isra'ila]] ce da Lithuania. Kazalika da [[Turanci]], tana magana da [[Ibrananci]] da [[Afrikaans]]. Ta koma [[Toronto]] tare da iyalinta tun tana matashiya. Ta yi karatun rubuce-rubuce a Jami'ar York, da kuma Makarantar Kwalejin Humber don Marubuta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

Ta ba da gudummawa tare da Na-me-res da Ve'ahavta, kungiyoyin da ke amfana da marasa gida, wanda ya yi wahayi zuwa ga yawancin gajerun labaru a cikin Got No Secrets, littafinta na farko, wanda Tightrope Books ya buga a Kanada a watan Mayu 2010, da kuma Modjaji Books a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] a shekarar 2012. Labaran, waɗanda ke magana game da jaraba, cin zarafi, kashe kansa, da ƙuruciya, tafiye-tafiye ne zuwa rayuwar mata goma sha biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Got No Secrets {{!}} Danila Botha {{!}} Tightrope Books |url=http://tightropebooks.com/got-no-secrets-danila-botha/ |access-date=2016-01-21 |website=tightropebooks.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Got No Secrets {{!}} Modjaji Books |url=http://www.modjajibooks.co.za/titles/got-no-secrets/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102112945/http://www.modjajibooks.co.za/titles/got-no-secrets/ |archive-date=2 January 2017 |access-date=2016-01-21 |website=modjajibooks.co.za}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Botha ta zauna a [[Afirka ta Kudu]], Ra'anana, Isra'ila da Halifax, Nova Scotia, dukansu sun sanar da abubuwan da ta samu a cikin littafinta na farko. Too Much on the Inside, wanda aka buga a watan Mayu 2015 ta Quattro Books, ya bi sababbin mutane hudu zuwa [[Toronto]] waɗanda ke gwagwarmaya da abubuwan da suka gabata, sabon gidansu da fada cikin soyayya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Too Much on the Inside {{!}} Quattro Books |url=http://quattrobooks.ca/books/too-much-on-the-inside/ |access-date=2016-01-21 |website=quattrobooks.ca }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=15 January 2015 |title=Spring preview 2015: novels {{!}} Quill and Quire - Part 3 |url=http://www.quillandquire.com/preview/2015/01/15/spring-preview-2015-novels/3/ |access-date=2016-01-21 |website=Quill and Quire}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Too Much on the Inside an sake dubawa ta Quill da Quire Magazine, &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 May 2015 |title=Too Much on the Inside {{!}} Quill and Quire |url=http://www.quillandquire.com/review/too-much-on-the-inside |access-date=2016-01-21 |website=Quill and Quire}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Literary Review of Canada, &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 June 2015 |title=New Neighbours {{!}} Literary Review of Canada |url=http://reviewcanada.ca/magazine/2015/06/new-neighbours/ |access-date=2016-01-21 |website=Literary Review of Canada |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Book Clubbish. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Celebrate Canada Day with These Debut Novels |url=http://www.bookclubbish.com/celebrate-canada-day-with-these-debut-novels |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150711205006/http://www.bookclubbish.com/celebrate-canada-day-with-these-debut-novels/ |archive-date=11 July 2015 |access-date=2016-01-21 |website=bookclubbish.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An bayyana littafin Botha a matsayin &quot;mai ban mamaki... labari, wanda... ya nuna zurfin fahimtar yanayin ɗan adam. &quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; da rubuce-rubuce wanda ya ƙunshi &quot;farin abu mai ban sha'awa da ƙwazo. &quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ya lashe kyautar Kyautar Kyautattun Littafin don Littafin zamani a cikin 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Too Much on the Inside – Winner {{!}} Book Excellence Awards |url=http://bookexcellenceaward.com/too-much-on-the-inside-winner/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020172949/http://bookexcellenceaward.com/too-much-on-the-inside-winner/ |archive-date=20 October 2016 |access-date=2016-10-19 |website=bookexcellenceaward.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, an jera shi ne don 2016 ReLit Award,  a cikin Novels Category.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The ReLit Awards |url=http://relitawards.com/ |access-date=2017-01-27 |website=relitawards.com |archive-date=2017-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215231900/http://www.relitawards.com/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Anakana Schofield's Martin John nominated for ReLit Award |url=http://www.cbc.ca/books/2017/01/anakana-schofield-richard-van-camp-nominated-for-relit-awards.html |access-date=2017-01-27 |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zaɓi shi don fim ko jerin abubuwan da suka faru ta Pelee Entertainment a cikin 2023. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fiction {{!}} Danila Botha Author |url=https://www.danilabotha.com/ |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=danilabotha |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tarin ta na biyu na gajerun labaru, For All the Men (and Some of the Women) I've Known, an buga shi a watan Oktoba na 2016 ta Tightrope Books . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=For All the Men (and Some of the Women) I've Known—Danila Botha |url=http://tightropebooks.com/for-all-the-men/ |access-date=2017-02-10 |website=Tightrope Books |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami bita mai ban sha'awa a cikin Quill and Quire Magazine,  wanda ya kira shi &quot;aikin da ya fi nasara har zuwa yau. &quot; Toronto Star ya yaba da ita &quot;kyakkyawan baiwa don sanya jaddadawa a wurare da ba a tsammani ba. &quot;  yayin da Globe da Mail suka yaba da labarun &quot;mai ban sha'awar kai tsaye da ƙira. &quot; .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 October 2016 |title=Love in a time of Tinder {{!}} Toronto Star |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/books/2016/10/16/love-in-a-time-of-tinder.html |access-date=2017-01-27 |website=thestar.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Winnipeg Review ya yaba mata da &quot;magana da basira, har ma da ƙarfin zuciya... [kuma] sake fasalin zane-zanen maza na Cheever da Carver, amma tare da jin dadi, tasiri mai tunani&quot;  A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2017, an kira shi dan wasan karshe  don kyautar Trillium Book. [and][ing]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Finalists For 30th Trillium Book Award |url=http://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/finalists-for-30th-trillium-book-award-621720223.html |access-date=2017-05-09 |website=newswire.ca |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, an jera shi a takaice  don lambar yabo ta Vine don wallafe-wallafen Yahudawa na Kanada. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Winners {{!}} Koffler Centre of the Arts |url=http://kofflerarts.org/programs-events/vine-awards-for-canadian-jewish-literature/winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927000147/http://kofflerarts.org/programs-events/vine-awards-for-canadian-jewish-literature/winners/ |archive-date=27 September 2017 |access-date=2017-09-26 |website=kofflerarts.org |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Guernica Editions za ta sake buga shi a cikin 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fiction {{!}} Danila Botha Author |url=https://www.danilabotha.com/ |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=danilabotha |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sabon tarin gajerun labaru, Abubuwan da ke haifar da farin ciki mara kyau, Guernica Editions ne suka buga shi a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2024. Labarai daga ciki sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafen wallafe-wallo na Kanada kamar Humber Literary Review, anthology Changing the Face of Canadian Literature, The Antigonish Review, Grain Magazine Jewishfiction.net da sauransu, da kuma wallafe-xallafen Amurka da Turai &lt;ref name=&quot;www.danilabotha.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=www.danilabotha.com |url=https://www.danilabotha.com/ |access-date=2022-08-09 |website=danilabotha |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zabi labarin taken don kyautar Pushcart ta Blank Spaces Magazine. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Our Nominations for the 2024 Pushcart Prize |url=https://www.blankspaces.ca/news/our-nominations-for-the-2024-pushcart-prize |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=Blank Spaces Magazine |language=en-CA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An yaba da tarin don nuna &quot;mutuntaka na Chekhovian da tausayi mai motsawa&quot; ta Miramichi Reader, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bryson |first=Michael |date=2024-01-29 |title=Things That Cause Inappropriate Happiness by Danila Botha |url=https://miramichireader.ca/2024/01/things-that-cause-inappropriate-happiness-by-danila-botha/ |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=The Miramichi Reader |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; a matsayin &quot;mai tilasta, mai iya karantawa sosai kuma mai sau da yawa&quot; ta Winnipeg Free Press, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Posted |first=Sharon Chisvin |date=2024-04-13 |title=Vulnerable women at core of rapid-fire stories |url=https://www.winnipegfreepress.com/arts-and-life/entertainment/books/2024/04/13/vulnerable-women-at-core-of-rapid-fire-stories |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=Winnipeg Free Press |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma a matsayin &quot;cike da daidaito mara kyau... ya haskaka gaskiyar game da duniya tare da tattalin arziki da ladabi&quot; ta Open Book.[ing]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Botha |first=Danila |last2=Editions |first2=Guernica |title=Danila Botha's New Short Story Collection Makes Us Laugh, Cry, and Feel Less Alone |url=https://open-book.ca/News/Danila-Botha-s-New-Short-Story-Collection-Makes-Us-Laugh-Cry-and-Feel-Less-Alone |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=open-book.ca |language=en}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Literary Review of Canada ya bayyana shi a matsayin &quot;Zuciya da jin dadi, wannan tarin ya ƙunshi abubuwa na hakikanin sihiri da ban sha'awa, rubutun bincike&quot;  yayin da Great Lakes Review ya bayyana shi azaman &quot;ba aiki ba ne a cikin sigogi masu sauƙin ganewa... ba cakuda wasan kwaikwayo ba ne, jin dadi, ko ƙwarewar wasu daga cikin haruffa da ke sa tarin Botha ya zama da wuya a rarraba shi...abin da ba a matsayin Layer na sihiri na Bayanan da ba a cikin wasu Littattafan da ake kira Toronto da ake kira Twentyansu na yau da kullun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Literary Review of |date=2024-06-04 |title=Bookworm, no. 46 |url=https://reviewcanada.substack.com/p/bookworm-no-46 |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=Bookworm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stein |first=Olga |date=2024-09-06 |title=What Could Have Been: Review of Danila Botha’s Things that Cause Inappropriate Happiness |url=https://greatlakesreview.org/things-that-cause-inappropriate-happiness/ |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=Great Lakes Review |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dundas |first=Deborah |date=2024-04-18 |title=Spring preview: 21 books to put at the top of your reading list |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/books/spring-preview-21-books-to-put-at-the-top-of-your-reading-list/article_a5a174f8-f29a-11ee-99f9-4fb9505c957d.html |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=Toronto Star |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwanan nan an kira shi dan wasan karshe na Canadian Book Club Awards, (lambar kyautar zabin mai karatu mafi girma a Kanada) a cikin Anthology / Short Story Category.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=canadianbook |title=2024 Finalists Press Release |url=https://thecanadianbookclubawards.ca/2024-finalists-press-release/ |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=The Canadian Book Club Awards |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Littafinta na biyar, da kuma littafin na biyu, A Place For People Like Us za a buga ta Guernica Editions a cikin 2025. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.danilabotha.com&quot;/&gt;

Tana da MFA a rubuce-rubuce masu kirkiro daga Jami'ar Guelph .  Ta ba da gudummawa ga National Post's the Afterword,  49th Shelf &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Danila Botha {{!}} National Post |url=http://arts.nationalpost.com/tag/danila-botha/. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130129135447/http://arts.nationalpost.com/tag/danila-botha/ |archive-date=29 January 2013 |access-date=2016-01-21 |website=National Post}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Hamilton Review of Books kuma ita ce Mawallafi a Gidan Gida don Open Book a watan Satumbar 2016 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Danila Botha, Authors at The 49th Shelf |url=http://49thshelf.com/Contributors/B/Botha-Danila |access-date=2016-01-21 |website=49thshelf.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130114154/http://49thshelf.com/Contributors/B/Botha-Danila |archive-date=2016-01-30 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Danila Botha {{!}} Open Book |url=http://open-book.ca/Writer-in-Residence/Archives/Danila-Botha |access-date=2016-10-19 |website=open-book.ca |archive-date=2016-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020104200/http://open-book.ca/Writer-in-Residence/Archives/Danila-Botha |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kasance Marubuciya a cikin Mazauni a cikin Heliconian Club na Toronto na 2021-2022 . Ita malama ce ta rubuce-rubuce a Makarantar Ci gaba da Nazarin Jami'ar Toronto  kuma wani bangare ne na bangaren koyarwa a Makarantar Marubuta ta Kwalejin Humber . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Arts |first=Creative &amp; Performing |title=Danila Botha |url=http://creativearts.humber.ca/faculty/danila-botha |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020105259/http://creativearts.humber.ca/faculty/danila-botha |archive-date=20 October 2016 |access-date=2016-10-19 |website=creativearts.humber.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tana zaune a [[Toronto]] tare da mijinta da yara.

== Bayanan littattafai ==

=== Tarin gajerun labarai ===

* Ba a sami Asirin 2010 ba (Littattafan Tightrope) 
* Ga Dukkanin Maza (da Wasu daga cikin Mata) Na sani 2016 (Tightrope Books) 
* ''Abubuwan da ke haifar da farin ciki mara kyau'' 2024 (Guernica Editions) 

=== Littattafai ===

* ''Da yawa a ciki'' 2015 (Littattafai huɗu) 
* Wuri don Mutane Kamar Mu 2025 (Guernica Editions) 

== Tushen ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* http://www.danilabotha.com/ (Gidan yanar gizon hukuma) 
* http://quattrobooks.ca/books/too-much-on-the-inside {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513165412/http://quattrobooks.ca/books/too-much-on-the-inside/ |date=2025-05-13 }} (Quattro Books Author Page) 
* https://web.archive.org/web/20150910020213/http://www.openbooktoronto.com/news/proust_questionnaire_with_danila_botha (Open Book Toronto Author Questionnaire) 
* https://web.archive.org/web/20120129101309/http://www.openbooktoronto.com/rob_mclennans_12_or_20_questions_with_danila_botha (Open Book Toronto interview with Danila Botha) 
* &lt;nowiki&gt;http://www.thecoast.ca/halifax/got-no-asirin/Abubuwa?oid=1729179&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Halifax Coast Book Review of Got No Secrets) 
* http://arts.nationalpost.com/tag/danila-botha/ {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130129135447/http://arts.nationalpost.com/tag/danila-botha/ |date=2013-01-29 }} (Labaran National Post da Danila Botha ta rubuta) 
*
{{Authority control}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Camille Storm</title>
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'''Angela Kariuki''' da aka fi sani da '''Camille Storm''', shugabar kida ce ta Kenya, ɗan jarida, &lt;ref name=&quot;Radr Africa&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 March 2022 |title=Camille Storm: Breaking Barriers With Her Passion For Music |url=https://radrafrica.com/her/camille-storm |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=Radr Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; mai haɓaka gwaninta, mai tallata tallace-tallace, ɗan kasuwa, kuma mai kula da al'adun gargajiyar gabashin Afirka. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pulselive Kenya&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Milimo |first=Dennis |date=7 December 2020 |title=Meet Camille Storm a Music Journalist changing the narrative of how East African music is consumed |url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/celebrities/meet-camille-storm-a-music-journalist-changing-the-narrative-of-how-east-african/jev4jyd |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=Pulselive Kenya |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ita ce ta kafa Camille &amp; Co., kuma ɗan jarida mai kiɗa, kuma mai ba da gudummawar al'adun gargajiya na OkayAfrica, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Camille Storm |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/u/camille_storm |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en |archive-date=21 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221065414/https://www.okayafrica.com/u/camille_storm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; da Fader . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Camille Storm |url=https://www.thefader.com/contributor/camille-storm |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=The FADER |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2022, Camille ta shiga All Africa Music Awards, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin alkalan ta na Gabashin Afirka. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pulse Nigeria&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=miix |first=pulse |date=22 August 2022 |title=Afrima Jurors including Motolani Alake, Camille Storm and others celebrate Patron Bisi Onasanya at 61 |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/afrima-jurors-including-motolani-alake-camille-storm-and-others-celebrate-patron-bisi/jwx17es.amp |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Vanguard News&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 August 2022 |title=Camille storm set new milestone with All African Music Awards |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/08/camille-storm-set-new-milestone-with-all-african-music-awards/ |access-date=25 January 2023 |website=Vanguard News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Angela Kariuki a [[Nairobi|birnin Nairobi]] [[Kenya|na kasar Kenya]], inda ta yi karatunta (firamare, sakandare, da jami'a), kafin ta samu gurbin shiga Jami'ar Katolika ta Gabashin Afirka, inda ta karanci Kimiyyar Kwamfuta, sannan ta sami digiri na biyu a Kimiyyar Na'ura mai kwakwalwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 November 2022 |title=Five facts you didn't know about Camille Storm |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/11/five-facts-you-didnt-know-about-camille-storm/ |access-date=27 January 2023 |website=Vanguard News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
A cikin 2011, Angela (wanda aka fi sani da Camille Storm) ya fara shafin yanar gizon kiɗa mai suna The Camille Way, &lt;ref name=&quot;Khusoko&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Indeje |first=David |title=Camille Storm On Self Awareness, Contribution to Africa’s Music Industry |url=https://khusoko.com/2021/07/23/camille-storm-on-self-awareness-and-contribution-to-africas-music-industry/ |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=Khusoko |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260306055320/https://khusoko.com/2021/07/23/camille-storm-on-self-awareness-and-contribution-to-africas-music-industry/ |archive-date=6 March 2026 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; a cikin abin da ta buga sharhi da sake dubawa na kiɗa. A cikin 2018, ta ƙaddamar da aikinta a matsayin ɗan jaridar kiɗa don Up Magazine, Boiler Room, Daily Nation, Catalog Tunanin, OkayAfrica, Fader, da Mujallar Coeval. &lt;ref name=&quot;Khusoko&quot; /&gt; Ta kafa Camille &amp; Co., &lt;ref name=&quot;Tangaza Magazine&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Business of Building African Music: An interview with Camille Storm |url=https://tangazamagazine.com/industry-spotlights-1/2020/4/17/the-business-of-building-african-music-an-interview-with-camille-storm-1 |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=Tangaza Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt; wani nishadi, da kuma kamfanin rikodi na kiɗa &lt;ref name=&quot;Pulselive Kenya&quot;/&gt; wanda ayyukansa sun haɗa da: dangantakar jama'a, gudanarwar basira, tuntuɓar A&amp;R da bookings, tare da rarraba don rarraba kiɗa a cikin 2018.

Ta fara aikin A&amp;R da hulda da jama'a tare da abokan ciniki ciki har da [[Mayorkun]], Blaqbonez, Lojay, Bad Boy Timz, WANI, Triller Inc., Mdundo, [[Mavin Records]], da Chocolate City . &lt;ref name=&quot;Pulselive Kenya&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Tangaza Magazine&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Vanguard News&quot;/&gt; A ranar 29 ga Maris 2019, OkayAfrica ta sanar da Camille, a matsayin mai kula da Forged Hand-Forged A Kenya, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 March 2019 |title=Introducing 'Hand-Forged In Kenya,' A New Live Music Series In Nairobi |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/hand-forged-in-kenya-alchemist-bateleur-brewery-event-nairobi/ |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; bikin kiɗa da aka kirkira don bikin al'adun pop na Gabashin Afirka ta hanyar kiɗa. OkayAfrica, The Alchemist Bar, da Bateleur Brewery ne ke tallafawa bikin. A ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 2019, an gudanar da bugu na farko a Nairobi, tare da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Kenya ta jagoranci shirin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 April 2019 |title=This Is What the First Edition of the 'Hand-Forged in Kenya' Music Series Looked Like |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/hand-forged-in-kenya-photos-nairobi/ |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 2019, ta fito a Push Good Music, shirin rediyo a kan The Beat 99.9 FM Lagos, tare da [[Mr. P (mawaƙi)|Mista P]], tare da mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen Douglas Jekan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Peter PSquare, Joey Akan, Camille Storm &amp; Ifeanyi Nwune on the Push Good Music Radio Show |url=https://thepgmclub.com/blog/peter-psquare-joey-akan-camille-storm-ifeanyi-nwune-on-the-push-good-music-radio-show/ |access-date=28 February 2023 |website=The PGM Club |archive-date=2 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602044151/https://thepgmclub.com/blog/peter-psquare-joey-akan-camille-storm-ifeanyi-nwune-on-the-push-good-music-radio-show/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 24 ga Yuli 2020, ta sanar da ƙaddamar da Camille &amp; Co. Distro, &lt;ref name=&quot;Yule Dark&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dark |first=Yule |date=24 July 2020 |title=Introducing C&amp;C Distro, Our New Digital Music Distribution Service |url=https://yuledark.co.za/introducing-cc-distro-our-new-digital-music-distribution-service/ |access-date=24 December 2022 |website=Yule Dark}}&lt;/ref&gt; rukunin rarraba kiɗa na farko na Camille &amp; Co.. Sabis na C&amp;C (aka Camille &amp; Co. Distro) sun haɗa da lasisin kiɗa, da haɓaka kiɗan . &lt;ref name=&quot;Yule Dark&quot; /&gt; A ranar 4 ga Disamba 2020, an ambaci Camille a matsayin ɗayan 'yan wasan ikon kiɗa na 2020 ta People Daily Kenya . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 December 2020 |title=The music power players of 2020 - People Daily |url=https://www.pd.co.ke/news/the-music-power-players-of-2020-61218/ |access-date=24 December 2022 |website=www.pd.co.ke}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 20 ga Janairu, 2022, 'yar ƙasar ta sanya ta a cikin manyan Manajan Waƙoƙin Afirka guda 10 da za su ci gaba da aiki. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Osikoya |first=Wonu |date=20 January 2022 |title=10 African Music Executives Poised For A Big Year |url=http://thenativemag.com/10-african-music-executives/ |access-date=9 January 2023 |website=The NATIVE}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Agusta 2022, ta shiga AFRIMA, a matsayin memba na juri na Gabashin Afirka. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pulse Nigeria&quot;/&gt; A ranar 9 ga Janairu, 2023, Camille Storm ta bayyana a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin alkalai biyar akan gasar kiɗan Booming akan Boomplay, wanda kamfanin yawo da saukar da kamfanin [[Boomplay Music|Boomplay]] ya shirya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mix |first=Pulse |date=9 January 2023 |title=6 upcoming artists win over Sh500,000 in Boomplay's music competition |url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/celebrities/boomplay-announces-top-6-winners-of-the-booming-on-boomplay-competition/8elzs1w |access-date=23 January 2023 |website=Pulselive Kenya |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Maganar jama'a ===

* Babban taron alamar kasuwanci (2023). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Our |date=18 February 2023 |title=Personal branding summit to hold February |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/personal-branding-summit-to-hold-february/ |access-date=23 February 2023 |website=The Nation Newspaper |publisher=The Nation Newspaper}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== wallafe-wallafen da aka zaɓa ==

* ' [[Kyenvu]] ' Shine Short Fim Mai Kalubalantar Kudirin Karamin Skirt Bill na Uganda (2018). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Storm |first=Camille |title='Kyenvu' Is the Short Film Challenging Uganda’s Controversial Mini-Skirt Bill - OkayAfrica |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/kyenvu-short-film-challenging-uganda-mini-skirt-bill/ |access-date=14 February 2023 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Rema (musician)|Rema]] ɗan gwanayen ɗan Najeriya ne (2019). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Storm |first=Camille |title=Rema is Nigerian pop’s golden child |url=https://www.thefader.com/2019/06/24/rema-dumebi-interview |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=The FADER |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Gengetone shine sabon sautin da ke hanzarta fita daga titunan Kenya (2020). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Storm |first=Camille |title=Gengetone is the new sound accelerating out of Kenya's streets |url=https://boilerroom.tv/article/rise-gengetone |access-date=9 January 2023 |website=[[Boiler Room (music broadcaster)|BOILER ROOM]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* LONDON na Najeriya Yana Haɓaka Sautin Afro na Gaba (2023). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Storm |first=Camille |title=Nigeria’s LONDON Is Producing Afro Sounds of the Future - OkayAfrica |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/nigerian-music-london-producer-interview/ |access-date=10 January 2023 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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    <title>Cahora Bassa</title>
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Tafkin '''Cahora Bassa''' - a zamanin mulkin mallaka na Portugal (har zuwa 1974) wanda aka fi sani da '''Cabora Bassa''', daga Nyungwe ''Kahoura-Bassa'', ma'ana &quot;ƙare aikin&quot; - shine tafkin wucin gadi na huɗu mafi girma a [[Afirka]], wanda ke cikin Lardin Tete a [[Mozambik|Mozambique]]. A Afirka, [[Tafkin Volta]] ne kawai a Ghana, [[Tafkin Kariba]] a kan Zambezi a saman Cahora Bassa, da [[Tafkin Nasser]] na Masar sun fi girma dangane da ruwa.

== Tarihi ==

=== Lokacin Portuguese ===
Tsarin Cahora Bassa ya fara ne a ƙarshen shekarun 1960 a matsayin aikin [[Portugal|Portuguese]] a Lardin Mozambique na kasashen waje. Gwamnatocin [[Kudancin Afirka]] sun kuma shiga cikin yarjejeniyar da ta bayyana cewa Portugal za ta gina da kuma gudanar da Tashar samar da wutar lantarki a Cabora Bassa (kamar yadda ake kira a [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]]) tare da tsarin watsa wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi (HVDC) da ake buƙata don kawo wutar lantarki zuwa iyakar Afirka ta Kudu. [[Afirka ta Kudu]], a gefe guda, ta fara gina da kuma gudanar da tashar mai sauyawa ta Apollo da kuma wani ɓangare na tsarin watsawa da ake buƙata don kawo wutar lantarki daga iyakar Afirka ta Kudu da Mozambique zuwa tashar mai canzawa ta Apollo kusa da [[Pretoria]]. Daga nan ne aka tilasta wa Afirka ta Kudu sayen wutar lantarki wanda aka tilasta Portugal ta samar.

A lokacin gwagwarmayar samun 'yancin kai, an kai hari kan kayan gini na madatsar ruwan a cikin wani yunkuri na dabarun da 'yan tawaye na Frelimo suka yi, saboda kammala shi zai sa tafkin ya fadada sosai zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo don hayewa zuwa wancan gefen tare da jiragen ruwa. Dam din ya fara cikawa a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1974, bayan Juyin Juya Halin Carnation a ƙasar Portugal da kuma sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar 'yancin kai. Mozambique ta sami 'yanci daga Portugal a hukumance a ranar 25 ga Yuni 1975.

Har zuwa Nuwamba 2007, madatsar ruwan ta yi aiki da Hidroeléctrica de Cahora Bassa (HCB) kuma mallakar haɗin gwiwa ta Mozambique, tare da kashi 18% na hannun jari, da [[Portugal]], wanda ke riƙe da sauran kashi 82%. A ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 2007, Mozambique ta karɓi iko da madatsar ruwan daga Portugal,  lokacin da Portugal ta sayar wa Mozambique mafi yawan kashi 82 cikin ɗari. Ministan kudi Fernando Teixeira dos Santos ya ce Portugal za ta karɓi dala miliyan 950 (Yuro miliyan 750) daga siyar da ɓangaren sa na aikin samar da wutar lantarki mafi girma a kudancin Afirka. Portugal ta ci gaba da kashi 15 cikin dari, kodayake ta shirya sayar da wasu kashi 10 cikin dari a wani mataki na gaba ga mai saka hannun jari wanda gwamnatin Mozambican za ta ba da shawarar. Firayim Ministan Portugal, Jose Socrates, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tare da gwamnatin Mozambican, yayin ziyarar hukuma zuwa [[Maputo]]. Yarjejeniyar ta kawo karshen rikice-rikice tsakanin Portugal da tsohuwar mulkin mallaka game da kamfanin, wanda ake kira Hidroeléctrica de Cahora Bassa . Rashin jituwa na tsakiya ya kasance game da kula da bashin da kamfanin ya kiyasta dala biliyan 2.2 (Yuro biliyan 1.7) ga Portugal. Hukumomin Mozambican sun yi jayayya cewa ba su tabbatar da bashin ba sabili da haka bai kamata su kasance masu alhakin biyan bashin ba.

=== Mozambique mai zaman kanta ===
[[Fayil:Cahorabassadam.jpg|left|thumb|300x300px|{{Center|A view of the Cahora Bassa dam}}]]
Mozambique ta sami 'yanci daga Portugal a ranar 25 ga Yuni 1975. Tun lokacin da aka rufe shi, Zambezi, wanda shine kogin ambaliyar ruwa na huɗu mafi girma a Afirka, ya sami ƙimar kwararar da aka tsara, amma ambaliyar yanayi mai bala'i har yanzu tana faruwa. Ambaliyar ruwa ta 1978 ta haifar da mutuwar mutane 45, mutane 100,000 da suka rasa muhallinsu da kuma lalacewar dala miliyan 62.

A cewar masu ba da shawara kan injiniya, &quot;Wannan shi ne ambaliyar ruwa ta farko tun bayan kammala Cahora Bassa, kuma ya lalata imanin da aka yi da yawa cewa madatsar ruwan za ta kawo ambaliyar a ƙarƙashin cikakken iko&quot;. Don ƙarin bayani game da matsalolin muhalli da madatsar ruwan ta haifar, duba labarin kan [[Kogin Zambezi]].

A lokacin yakin basasar Mozambican (1977-1992) an lalata layin watsawa har zuwa lokacin da ake buƙatar maye gurbin hasumiyoyi 1,895 kuma an sake gyara 2,311 a kan nisan kilomita 893 a gefen Mozambican na layin.&amp;nbsp;

A cikin shekarun 1990s, bayan ƙarshen yakin basasa, Hidroeléctrica de Cahora Bassa (HCB) ta nada ayyukan Trans-Africa na Afirka ta Kudu (TAP) don yin gudanar da gine-gine, tabbatar da inganci da sabis na tallafin ƙira don sake farfado da aikin. TAP ta taimaka wa HCB wajen bayar da kwangilar gini ga kamfanin hadin gwiwa wanda ya hada da Consorzio Italia 2000 da Enel, kuma an tsara lokacin watanni 24 don aikin. Lines a Afirka ta Kudu sun lalace zuwa ƙarami kuma Eskom ne kawai ke buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullun don dawo da waɗannan layin.

An fara aiki a kan aikin ne a watan Agustan 1995. Hanyar layin a Mozambique ta ratsa cikin daji mai yawa da kuma ƙasa mai wahala daga Songo zuwa iyakar Afirka ta Kudu kusa da Pafuri, tare da duka biyun da ke cike da bam daga yakin basasar Mozambican (1977-1992) wanda ake buƙatar sharewa kafin aikin gini ya fara. Ruwan sama mai tsanani, wanda ba na lokaci ba daga baya ya shafi shirin har ya kai ga kammala layin farko ne kawai a watan Agustan 1997 kuma na biyu a watan Nuwamba na wannan shekarar. A lokacin sabuntawa, TAP ta haɓaka kuma ta aiwatar da ƙirar daban-daban da hanyoyin gini don inganta jadawalin shirye-shiryen gaba ɗaya da farashin aikin. Duk da matsanancin yanayin da suka kamata su gyara da sake gina waɗannan layin, an kammala aikin a cikin jadawalin kuma tare da iyakantaccen kasafin kuɗi. Lines ɗin, tun lokacin da aka kammala, an yi musu gwaje-gwaje da yawa kuma an ba da ƙarfi ga cikakken damarsa. Kimanin mutane 1,100 ne aka yi aiki a lokacin mafi girma na gini.

Ruwan sama da ambaliyar ruwa mai tsanani a watan Fabrairun 2000 a kwarin [[Kogin Limpopo]] ya sake haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga layin biyu har zuwa inda kimanin hasumiyoyi 10 suka rushe kuma suna buƙatar sake ginawa a cikin mafi ƙanƙantaccen lokaci don dawo da samar da wutar lantarki ga Afirka ta Kudu. HCB ta sake ba da TAP tare da aikin injiniya, sayarwa da ayyukan gudanar da gine-gine. TAP ta sami nasarar dawo da wutar lantarki ta wucin gadi ta hanyar layi daya yayin da za a iya aiwatar da mafita ta dindindin a kan ɗayan layin. Ana amfani da layin da aka sake ginawa don ɗaukar cikakken ƙarfin layin. TAP dole ne ta aiwatar da dabarun gini marasa kyau don dawo da wadata ta wucin gadi. Hasumiyoyin dakatarwa kusa da ƙetare kogi sun haifar da babbar ƙalubale ga mafita ta wucin gadi don samun izinin da ake buƙata na matakin ƙasa na mita 711.

A ranar 27 ga Afrilu, 2009 an kama 'yan kasashen waje hudu saboda sanya wani abu &quot;mai lalata sosai&quot; a cikin tafkin a cikin wani yunkuri na lalata tashar wutar lantarki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=News - Africa: Foreigners try to sabotage Moz dam |url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&amp;click_id=68&amp;art_id=nw20090505173831242C721082 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508115518/http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&amp;click_id=68&amp;art_id=nw20090505173831242C721082 |archive-date=2009-05-08}} &lt;/ref&gt; Wanda aka kama ya yi iƙirarin cewa ƙungiya ce daga Orgonise Africa, ta sanya ɓangarorin orgonite a cikin tafkin don inganta ingancin makamashi na etheric (ƙarfin rai) na madatsar ruwan.

Tun daga shekara ta 2005, an dauki yankin a matsayin Sashin Kula da Zaki.

Yawancin wutar lantarki da Cahora Bassa ta samar, wanda ke kan Kogin Zambezi a yammacin Mozambique, ana sayar da shi ga Afirka ta Kudu da ke kusa. A shekara ta 2006, Cahora Bassa ta watsa kimanin megawatts 1,920 na wutar lantarki, amma ababen more rayuwa na iya samun matakan samarwa mafi girma kuma kamfanin yana da shirye-shiryen kusan ninka fitarwa ta hanyar 2008. A cikin 1994 jimlar ƙarfin da aka shigar a Mozambique ya kasance 2,400 MW wanda kashi 91% na hydroelectric ne.&amp;nbsp;

Babban kamun kifi na kapenta ya bunkasa a cikin tafkin. An ɗauka cewa kapenta ya samo asali ne daga [[Tafkin Kariba]] inda aka gabatar da shi daga [[Tafkin Tanganyika]]. Kayan shekara-shekara na kapenta a cikin madatsar ruwan Cahora Bassa a 2003 ya wuce tan 10,000.

=== Sharks ===
An yi imanin cewa akwai mazaunin kiwo na sharks na Zambezi &quot;ƙuntata&quot; a cikin tafkin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-10-23 |title=Rivers of Africa: The Mighty Zambezi |url=https://discoveringvictoriafalls.com/blog/rivers-of-africa/ |access-date=2024-01-16 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116214809/https://discoveringvictoriafalls.com/blog/rivers-of-africa/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Cahora Bassa, Tete Province, Mozambique Vacation Info: LakeLubbers |url=https://lakelubbers.com/lake/cahora-bassa-tete-province-mozambique/ |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=Lakes for Vacation, Recreation and Rentals - LakeLubbers |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kamar yadda aka san shark din yana tafiya fiye da kilomita 100 sama da ruwa, wannan sabon abu bai saba wa gaskiyar kimiyya da halittu ba. &amp;nbsp;Yawancin lokaci nau'in da ke zaune a teku, sharks suna da cikakkiyar ikon rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai laushi don dukan rayuwarsu. Ƙabilun yankin sun ba da rahoton ganin (da hare-hare) ta wannan al'umma mai zaman kanta na shark, kodayake waɗannan har yanzu ba a tabbatar da su da hujja mai ƙarfi ba.

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
{{reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [http://www.hcb.co.mz Hidroeléctrica de Cahora Bassa (HCB) Shafin yanar gizo (Portuguese)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060421150714/http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr14.html Bayanan Lake na Duniya don gaskiya da adadi]
* [Hasiya]
* Allen Isaacman da Chris Sneddon, &quot;Tsarin mulkin mallaka na Portugal, Rikicin Yankin da Amnesia na Bayan mulkin mallaka: Cahora Bassa Dam, Mozambique 1965-2002,&quot; Taron kan Lusophone Afirka: Tsakanin tsakanin Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Cornell don Ci gaban Afirka (Mayu 2003).[https://web.archive.org/web/20200617065754/http://www.kyle.aem.cornell.edu/Lusoconferencepage.htm]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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'''Dokar Yarjejeniyar Yanayi''' doka ce da majalisar dokokin jihar Washington ta kafa kuma Gwamna Jay Inslee ya sanya hannu a cikin 2021.

== Shirin Cap da saka hannun jari ==

An aiwatar da Dokar Yarjejeniyar Yanayi ta hanyar shirin Cap-and-Investment wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2023.

== Shirin 2117 ==

A cikin babban zaben 2024, an sanya shirin zabe na 2117 wanda ya nemi soke Dokar Yarjejeniyar Yanayi a kan kuri'a. Wani zabe a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2024 na masu jefa kuri'a 403 da aka yi rajista ya nuna cewa kashi 41% na goyon baya ya soke yayin da kashi 31% suka yi adawa da +/- 5% na kuskure. Fiye da dala miliyan 8.5 da dala miliyan 5 aka tara don tallafawa da adawa da shirin, bi da bi

Shirin 2117 yana daga cikin ƙungiyar zaɓen da shugabannin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya suka jagoranta, gami da ɗan kasuwa Brian Heywood, wanda ya soki CCA don yin niyya ga man fetur wanda ke da buƙata mai ƙarfi, ma'ana cewa mutane har yanzu suna buƙatar siyan shi koda lokacin da farashin ya tashi. An nakalto shi yayin da yake kwatanta manufofin a matsayin &quot;kamar Marie Antoinette - bari su fitar da Teslas. &quot; Haɗin gwiwar da ke kare CCA, A'a a kan 2117 ya haɗa da [[Microsoft]], [[Amazon (kamfani)|Amazon]], da kamfanin mai BP. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Amazon, BP Counter Push to Repeal Washington Climate Law |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/other/amazon-bp-counter-push-to-repeal-washington-climate-law/ar-AA1nYDIn |access-date=June 1, 2024 |website=Bloomberg}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=readyfreddy |date=April 17, 2024 |title=No on 2117 Launches with Unprecedented Statewide Coalition |url=https://no2117.com/no-on-2117-launches-with-unprecedented-statewide-coalition/ |access-date=June 1, 2024 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601184518/https://no2117.com/no-on-2117-launches-with-unprecedented-statewide-coalition/ |archive-date=June 1, 2024 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A taron 2024 na Arewacin Amurka, Darakta na Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Jihar Washington, Laura Watson, ta ba da shawarar cewa sakamakon dalilin da ya sa aka sauka farashi na kwatsam don alawus na carbon a cikin gwanjo na farko na shekara shine sakamakon shirin samun kuri'a.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Denkmann |first=Libby |last2=Anderson |first2=Hans |date=October 7, 2024 |title=Will Washington state do away with cap-and-trade? Voices for and against I-2117 |url=https://www.kuow.org/stories/will-washington-do-away-with-cap-and-trade-voices-for-and-against-initiative-2117 |access-date=October 10, 2024 |website=www.kuow.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Manufofin canjin yanayi na Washington (jiha) 

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Canjin yanayi]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Daphne Frias</title>
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{{Databox}}

'''Daphne Frias''' (an haife ta a ranar 13 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1998) 'yar gwagwarmayar Amurka ce daga West Harlem, [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]], wacce aikinta da shawararta suka mayar da hankali kan kula da bindiga, haƙƙin jefa kuri'a, canjin yanayi, muhalli da adalci na nakasassu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daphne Frias |url=https://www.ourclimatevoices.org/2021/daphne |access-date=2022-04-29 |website=Our Climate Voices |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Frias da wuri a makonni 27 a Yammacin Harlem a ranar 13 ga Janairu, 1998, ga iyaye daga [[Jamhuriyar Dominika|Jamhuriyar Dominica]].  Tana da 'yan uwa biyu, kuma dangin suna magana da Mutanen Espanya a gida a lokacin yarinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sarah 2021&quot; /&gt; A lokacin da yake da shekaru 3, an gano Frias da Cutar ƙwaƙwalwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sarah 2021&quot; /&gt; Frias ta fara karatunta a makarantar jama'a ta Birnin New York, kuma bayan ta karye gwiwarta a aji na uku, ta raba lokacinta tsakanin farfadowa ta jiki da karatun ilimi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sarah 2021&quot; /&gt;

Frias ta halarci Makarantar Beacon a lokacin da take makarantar sakandare. Lokacin da ta kasance a can ya yi tasiri sosai ga gwagwarmayar yanayi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-06-01 |title=NYC Youth Taking the Lead on Climate Activism |url=https://citylimits.org/2022/06/01/nyc-youth-taking-the-lead-on-climate-activism/ |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=City Limits |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Frias ya gaya wa Vice Magazine a cikin 2019, &quot;Akwai masana'antar kula da sharar gida wanda ke haifar da gurɓataccen yanayi a cikin al'umma na dogon lokaci. Ban fahimci cewa ba na al'ada ba ne har sai na tafi unguwar da ta fi wadata kuma na ga cewa ba su da hakan&quot;.

Frias ta bayyana mahaifinta, tsohon soja, a matsayin &quot;Jamhuriyar Republican mai tsananin gaske&quot; kuma ta bayyana cewa, &quot;ya sanya ni mai fafutuka mafi kyau saboda dole ne in yi aiki tuƙuru don samun matsayi na tsakiya. &quot;  Ta zama wani ɓangare na ƙarni na farko a cikin iyalinta don halartar kwaleji. 

A lokacin kwaleji a Jami'ar Jihar New York a Oswego, ta ninka sau biyu a fannin ilmin halitta da ilimin ɗan adam kuma ta ragu a fannin zamantakewa da ƙirƙirar rubutu. A farkon 2020, an yarda da ita a cikin shirin haɗin gwiwar MD da M.P.H. a Maryland. &lt;ref name=&quot;Sarah 2021&quot; /&gt; 

== Yunkurin fafutuka ==
[[Fayil:Daphne_Frias_at_GAG_Rally_for_El_Paso_&amp;_Dayton.webm|right|thumb|Frias yana magana a taron Gays Against Guns na El Paso da Dayton a cikin 2019]]
Frias ta fara aikinta a cikin gwagwarmaya bayan Harbi a makarantar sakandare ta Stoneman Douglas ta 2018 a Parkland, [[Florida]] .  Yayinda yake dalibi a Jami'ar Jihar New York a Oswego, Frias ya zama mai aiki sosai wajen shirya kokarin tallafawa kungiyar kare hakkin bindiga Maris don Rayuwarmu da kuma sufuri mai sauƙi ga dalibai don halartar zanga-zangar Maris don Rayukanmu, kuma an nada shi Darakta na Jihar Nework don kungiyar a watan Agustan 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;Tran 2020&quot; /&gt;

In 2018, before the midterm elections, Frias founded the nonprofit organization Box The Ballot to help collect and deliver absentee ballots. By working with college students, the organization collected almost 470,000 absentee ballots. In 2018, Frias also became the lead organizer in New York for Future Coalition, a youth-led voting rights organization, during the Walkout to Vote campaign that encouraged high school students to leave school to vote. As the lead organizer, she coordinated with high school organizers, the local March on the Polls chapter and Gays Against Guns for a Union Square rally and march on election day, when public schools were closed across New York City.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cook 2018&quot; /&gt; She told ''CNBC'' before the rally, &quot;Most of us are coming of age in a time of a political sensory overload, but that does not stop us from realizing that we are unhappy with the way our country is going. We've marched and we've rallied and that made people listen.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hess 2018&quot; /&gt;

A watan Yulin 2019, Frias ta shiga taron matasa na 2019 a Miami wanda kungiyar shari'ar yanayi ta matasa ta Zero Hour ta shirya.  Ta kuma kasance mai magana da yawun hukuma a zanga-zangar Satumba 2019 Climate Strike a Birnin New York, wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na zanga-zambe na kasa da kasa wanda aka fi sani da Mako na Duniya don Makomar . 

A lokacin da take da shekaru 21, an zabi Frias a matsayin wakilin kwamitin gundumar West Harlem na jam'iyyar Democrat a New York, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Frias For County Committee |url=https://donorbox.org/frias-for-county-committee |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=donorbox.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241213034442/https://donorbox.org/frias-for-county-committee |archive-date=13 December 2024 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; sannan ta yi aiki tare da ma'aikatanta a matsayin mai hulɗa tsakanin membobin al'umma da zaɓaɓɓun jami'ai.  A lokacin da yake da shekaru 22, a watan Maris 2020, Frias ya kamu da [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]] da cutar huhu. Ta yi amfani da kafofin sada zumunta don raba sabuntawa game da ci gabanta, kuma ta gaya wa NBC News, &quot;Ina tsammanin rashin lafiya ya sa ya zama na sirri ga mutane, kuma ina tsammanin wannan shine abin da mutane ke buƙata a yanzu, mutum mai mahimmanci don haɗi da shi. &quot;  Daga baya ta gaya wa The Washington Post cewa cutar ta yi kama da canza hankali daga siyasa zuwa ƙalubalen yau da kullun ga mutane, da kuma ta nuna fatan cewa canjin mayar da hankali zai ci gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ortiz 2020&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Knowles 2020&quot; /&gt;

A cikin 2021, yayin da yake dalibi a makarantar likita, Frias ya halarci COP26 a matsayin mai magana da yawun [[New York Times|The New York Times]] Generation Climate Initiative . A lokacin taron, ta shiga cikin tattaunawar da The New York Times ta shirya game da jagoranci. Ta gaya wa The New York Times, &quot;Ko da yaushe muna cewa shugabanninmu sun gaza mana. Mu ne sabbin shugabannin. Mu ne waɗanda za su yanke shawara gaba&quot;.

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Frias yana da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa kuma yana amfani da keken guragu don yawo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Speaker Details {{!}} The New York Times Climate Hub |url=https://climatehub.nytimes.com/speaker/359197/daphne-frias |access-date=2022-04-29 |website=climatehub.nytimes.com |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028041555/https://climatehub.nytimes.com/speaker/359197/daphne-frias |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Agustan 2022, Frias ta ba da sanarwar cewa an gano ta da Stage Four Hodgkin's Lymphoma . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Frias |first=Daphne |date=August 8, 2022 |title=Personal Post from Ms. Frias |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/ChAALt3OdbD/?igshid=MDE2OWE1N2Q= |website=Instagram}}&lt;/ref&gt; A halin yanzu tana shan magani.

== Manazarta ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Ruwan Ionic a cikin kama carbon</title>
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Amfani da '''Ruwan ion a cikin kama carbon''' shine yiwuwar aikace-aikacen Ruwan ionic azaman masu amfani don amfani da kama carbon da kuma tsare shi. Ruwan Ionic, wanda shine gishiri wanda ke wanzu a matsayin ruwa kusa da zafin jiki na ɗaki, kayan da ba su tashi ba waɗanda aka yi la'akari da su don aikace-aikace da yawa. Gaggawa na [[Canjin yanayi]] ya haifar da bincike game da amfani da su a aikace-aikacen da suka shafi makamashi kamar kama carbon da adanawa.

== Kama carbon ta amfani da sinadarin ==

=== Ruwan Ionic a matsayin mai narkewa ===
Amines sune mafi yawan abin sha a fasahar kama carbon bayan konewa a yau. Musamman, monoethanolamine (MEA) da aka yi amfani da masana'antu Sikeli a postcombustion carbon kama, kazalika a cikin sauran CO &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; rabuwa, kamar &quot;zaƙi&quot; na halitta gas.  Duk da haka, amines suna lalacewa, suna raguwa a tsawon lokaci, kuma suna buƙatar manyan wuraren masana'antu. Ionic ruwa a gefe guda, suna da ƙarancin tururi . Wannan kadarorin yana haifar da ƙarfi mai ban sha'awa na Coulombic. Matsin tururi ya kasance ƙasa ƙasa ta wurin bazuwar yanayin zafi (yawanci&gt; 300&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;ref name=&quot;Bates&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Bates |first=Eleanor D. |last2=Mayton |first2=Rebecca D. |last3=Ntai |first3=Ioanna |last4=Davis |first4=James H. |year=2002 |title=CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Capture by a Task-Specific Ionic Liquid |url=https://archive.org/details/american-chemical-society-journal_2002-02-13_124_6/page/926 |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |volume=124 |issue=6 |pages=926–927 |doi=10.1021/ja017593d |issn=0002-7863 |pmid=11829599}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ka'ida, wannan ƙananan tururi yana sauƙaƙa amfani da su kuma ya sanya su &quot; kore &quot; madadin. Bugu da ƙari, yana rage haɗarin gurɓata rafin iskar gas na CO &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; da kuma zubewa cikin muhalli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Zhang&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Zhang |first=Xiangping |last2=Zhang |first2=Xiaochun |last3=Dong |first3=Haifeng |last4=Zhao |first4=Zhijun |last5=Zhang |first5=Suojiang |last6=Huang |first6=Ying |year=2012 |title=Carbon capture with ionic liquids: overview and progress |journal=Energy &amp; Environmental Science |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=6668 |doi=10.1039/c2ee21152a |issn=1754-5692}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rashin narkewar CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; a cikin ruwan ionic ana sarrafa shi da farko ta hanyar anion, ƙasa da haka ta hanyar cation.&lt;sup about=&quot;#mwt1&lt;sub id=&quot; mwmq=&quot;&quot;&gt;2&quot; [./Ionic_liquids_in_carbon_capture#cite_note-Ramdin-4 &lt;span class=&quot;mw-reflink-text&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;1&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/sup&gt; An nuna cewa hexafluorophosphate (PF&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;-) da tetrafluoroborate (BF4-) anions suna da sauƙin kama CO2.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ramdin&quot; /&gt;

An yi la'akari da ruwan Ionic a matsayin masu narkewa a cikin matakai daban-daban na cire ruwa-ruwa, amma ba a taɓa kasuwanci ba. Baya ga wannan, ruwan ionic ya maye gurbin kayan narkewa na al'ada a cikin masana'antu kamar shawo kan iskar gas ko fitarwa. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da ruwan ionic a matsayin haɗin gwiwa don tsara tsarin biphasic na ruwa, ko tsarkakewar kwayoyin halitta.

=== Tsarin ===
[[Fayil:AmineTreating.png|right|thumb|Tsarin tsarin maganin iskar amine na yau da kullun. Ruwan Ionic don amfani a cikin kama CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; ta hanyar sha zai iya bin irin wannan tsari.]]
Tsarin sha CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; na al'ada ya ƙunshi iskar gas, shafi na sha, shafi na stripper, da kuma fitar da koguna na iskar gas mai wadataccen CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; da za a tsare, da iskar gas mara kyau da za a saki zuwa yanayi. Ruwan Ionic na iya bin irin wannan tsari ga maganin iskar amine, inda aka sake farfado da CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; a cikin mai tsalle-tsalle ta amfani da zafin jiki mafi girma. Koyaya, ana iya cire ruwan ionic ta amfani da sauye-sauyen matsin lamba ko iskar gas, rage buƙatun makamashi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Zhang&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Zhang |first=Xiangping |last2=Zhang |first2=Xiaochun |last3=Dong |first3=Haifeng |last4=Zhao |first4=Zhijun |last5=Zhang |first5=Suojiang |last6=Huang |first6=Ying |year=2012 |title=Carbon capture with ionic liquids: overview and progress |journal=Energy &amp; Environmental Science |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=6668 |doi=10.1039/c2ee21152a |issn=1754-5692}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFZhangZhangDongZhao2012&quot;&gt;Zhang, Xiangping; Zhang, Xiaochun; Dong, Haifeng; Zhao, Zhijun; Zhang, Suojiang; Huang, Ying (2012). &quot;Carbon capture with ionic liquids: overview and progress&quot;. ''Energy &amp; Environmental Science''. '''5''' (5): 6668. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1039/c2ee21152a|10.1039/c2ee21152a]]. [[ISSN]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1754-5692 1754-5692].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Wani batu na yanzu tare da ruwan ionic don kama carbon shine cewa suna da ƙarancin aiki fiye da amines. Ana haɓaka takamaiman ruwa na ionic waɗanda ke amfani da chemisorption da physisorption a cikin ƙoƙari na ƙara ƙarfin aiki. 1-butyl-3-propylamineimidazolium tetrafluoroborate misali ne na TSIL.[&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bates&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Bates |first=Eleanor D. |last2=Mayton |first2=Rebecca D. |last3=Ntai |first3=Ioanna |last4=Davis |first4=James H. |year=2002 |title=CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Capture by a Task-Specific Ionic Liquid |url=https://archive.org/details/american-chemical-society-journal_2002-02-13_124_6/page/926 |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |volume=124 |issue=6 |pages=926–927 |doi=10.1021/ja017593d |issn=0002-7863 |pmid=11829599}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFBatesMaytonNtaiDavis2002&quot;&gt;Bates, Eleanor D.; Mayton, Rebecca D.; Ntai, Ioanna; Davis, James H. (2002). &quot;CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Capture by a Task-Specific Ionic Liquid&quot;. ''Journal of the American Chemical Society''. '''124''' (6): &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;926–&lt;/span&gt;927. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1021/ja017593d|10.1021/ja017593d]]. [[ISSN]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-7863 0002-7863]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&amp;nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11829599 11829599].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Bincike ===
A cikin &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, ƙungiyar bincike da ta ƙunshi Jami'ar Chuo, Jami'ar Nihon, Jami'an Kanazawa, da Cibiyar Bincike ta Fasahar Fasaha ta Duniya sun yi amfani da ilimin lantarki don tsarawa da hada ruwan ionic.&lt;sup about=&quot;#mwt&lt;sub id=&quot; mwxw=&quot;&quot;&gt;[./Ionic_liquids_in_carbon_capture#cite_note-Kuroki-6 &lt;span class=&quot;mw-reflink-text&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;1&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/sup&gt; Daga baya, sun gudanar da daidaitattun ma'auni na CO2 solubility kuma sun sami nasarar haɓaka ruwan ionic tare da mafi girman ƙarfin sha na jiki don CO2 har zuwa yau.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kuroki&quot; /&gt;

== Rashin daidaituwa ==

=== Zaɓin Zaɓuɓɓuka ===
A cikin kama carbon mai tasiri shine wanda ke nuna babban zaɓi, ma'ana cewa CO2 zai fi narkewa a cikin mai narkewa idan aka kwatanta da sauran abubuwan gas. A cikin kama carbon bayan konewa mafi mahimmancin rabuwa shine CO2 daga N2, yayin da a cikin rabuwa kafin konewa CO ya rabu da H2. Sauran abubuwan da ke ciki da ƙazanta na iya kasancewa a cikin iskar gas, kamar hydrocarbons, SO2, ko H2. Kafin zaɓar mai narkewa da ya dace don amfani don kama carbon yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa a yanayin tsari da aka ba da kuma abun da ke cikin iskar gas CO2 yana riƙe da mafi girma a cikin mai narkewar fiye da sauran nau'o'in a cikin iskar iskar gas kuma don haka yana da babban zaɓi.

Zaɓin CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; a cikin ruwan ionic an yi nazari sosai ta hanyar masu bincike. Gabaɗaya, Kwayoyin polar da kwayoyin tare da lokacin quadrupole na lantarki suna narkewa sosai a cikin abubuwan ionic na ruwa.&lt;sup about=&quot;#mwt&lt;sub id=&quot; mweq=&quot;&quot;&gt;[./Ionic_liquids_in_carbon_capture#cite_note-7 &lt;span class=&quot;mw-reflink-text&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;1&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/sup&gt; An gano cewa a yanayin zafi mai girma solubility na CO2 yana raguwa, yayin da solubility na wasu nau'o'in, kamar CH4 da H2, na iya ƙaruwa tare da karuwar zafin jiki, don haka rage tasirin mai narkewa. Koyaya, solubility na N2 a cikin ruwan ionic yana da ɗan ƙarami kuma baya ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwa da zafin jiki don haka amfani da ruwan ionic a cikin kama carbon bayan konewa na iya zama ya dace saboda zaɓin CO2 / N2.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Anthony |first=J. L. |last2=Maginn |first2=E. J. |last3=Brennecke |first3=J. F. |date=2002 |title=Solubilities and thermodynamic properties of gases in the ionic liquid 1-n-butyl-3- methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate. |journal=J. Phys. Chem. B |volume=106 |issue=29 |pages=7315–7320 |doi=10.1021/jp020631a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kasancewar ƙazantar iskar gas na yau da kullun kamar H2S yana hana CO2 solubility a cikin ruwan ionic kuma ya kamata injiniyoyi suyi la'akari da shi a hankali yayin zabar mai narkewa mai dacewa don wani iskar gas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ramdin |first=M. |last2=de Loos |first2=T. W. |last3=Vlugt |first3=T. J. H |date=2012 |title=State-of-the-Art of CO2 Capture with Ionic Liquids |journal=Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. |volume=51 |issue=24 |pages=8149–8177 |doi=10.1021/ie3003705 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ƙarƙashin ƙarfi ===
Babban abin damuwa game da amfani da ruwa mai ion don kama carbon shine babban dankon su idan aka kwatanta da na kaushi na kasuwanci. Riwayoyin Ionic waɗanda ke amfani da chemisorption sun dogara ne akan halayen sinadarai tsakanin solute da sauran ƙarfi don rabuwar CO &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; . Adadin wannan dauki ya dogara ne akan diffusivity na CO &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; a cikin sauran ƙarfi kuma yana da inversely gwargwado ga danko. Yaduwan kai na CO &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; a cikin ruwa mai ionic gabaɗaya yana zuwa tsari na 10 &lt;sup&gt;-10&lt;/sup&gt; m &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; / s, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Maginn |first=E. J. |date=2009 |title=Molecular simulation of ionic liquids: current status and future opportunities |journal=J. Phys.: Condens. Matter |volume=21 |issue=37 |page=373101 |doi=10.1088/0953-8984/21/37/373101 |pmid=21832331}}&lt;/ref&gt; kusan tsari na girma ƙasa da irin wannan ƙauyen kasuwanci da aka yi amfani da su akan kama CO &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; . Dankowar ruwan ionic na iya bambanta sosai bisa ga nau'in anion da cation, tsayin sarkar alkyl, da adadin ruwa ko wasu ƙazanta a cikin sauran. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Jacquemin |first=J |last2=Husson |first2=P. |last3=Padua |first3=A. A. H. |last4=Majer |first4=V. |date=2006 |title=Density and viscosity of several pure and water-saturated ionic liquids |url=https://pure.qub.ac.uk/ws/files/1598199/Jacquemin2006A.pdf |journal=Green Chemistry |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=172–180 |doi=10.1039/b513231b}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Gardas |first=R. L. |last2=Coutinho |first2=J. A. P. |date=2009 |title=Group contribution methods for the prediction of thermophysical and transport properties of ionic liquids |journal=AIChE J. |volume=55 |issue=5 |pages=1274–1290 |citeseerx=10.1.1.619.2109 |doi=10.1002/aic.11737}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saboda waɗannan kaushi za a iya &quot;tsara&quot; kuma waɗannan kaddarorin da aka zaɓa, haɓaka abubuwan ruwa na ionic tare da ƙananan jijiyoyi shine batun bincike na yanzu. Tallafin matakan ruwa na ionic (SILPs) sune mafita ɗaya da aka ba da shawarar ga wannan matsalar. 

== Tunability ==
[[Fayil:1-butyl-3-propylamineimidazolium-tetrafluoroborate-balls.png|right|thumb|300x300px|1-butyl-3-propylamineimidazolium tetrafluoroborate wani ruwa ne na musamman don amfani da shi a cikin rabuwa da CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.]]
Kamar yadda ake buƙata don duk dabarun rabuwa, ruwan ionic yana nuna zaɓe zuwa ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin matakai na cakuda. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM-PF&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;) ruwa ne mai zafi wanda aka gano tun da wuri a matsayin mai maye gurbin kayan narkewa na kwayoyin halitta a cikin rabuwa na ruwa da ruwa.&lt;sup about=&quot;#mwt&lt;sub id=&quot; mwsg=&quot;&quot;&gt;[./Ionic_liquids_in_carbon_capture#cite_note-Huddleston-13 &lt;span class=&quot;mw-reflink-text&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;1&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/sup&gt; Sauran [PF6]- da [BF4]- dauke da ruwan ionic an yi nazarin su don abubuwan da suka sha CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, da kuma 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (EMIM) da kuma cations marasa al'ada kamar trihexyl (tetradecyl) phosphonium ([P&lt;sub&gt;66614&lt;/sub&gt;]).&lt;ref name=&quot;Zhang&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Zhang |first=Xiangping |last2=Zhang |first2=Xiaochun |last3=Dong |first3=Haifeng |last4=Zhao |first4=Zhijun |last5=Zhang |first5=Suojiang |last6=Huang |first6=Ying |year=2012 |title=Carbon capture with ionic liquids: overview and progress |journal=Energy &amp; Environmental Science |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=6668 |doi=10.1039/c2ee21152a |issn=1754-5692}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFZhangZhangDongZhao2012&quot;&gt;Zhang, Xiangping; Zhang, Xiaochun; Dong, Haifeng; Zhao, Zhijun; Zhang, Suojiang; Huang, Ying (2012). &quot;Carbon capture with ionic liquids: overview and progress&quot;. ''Energy &amp; Environmental Science''. '''5''' (5): 6668. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1039/c2ee21152a|10.1039/c2ee21152a]]. [[ISSN]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1754-5692 1754-5692].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Zaɓin nau'ikan anion da cation daban-daban a cikin ruwan ionic yana shafar zaɓin su da halaye na jiki. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya &quot;tunar da cations na kwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwan ionic&quot; ta hanyar canza tsawon sarkar ko ta hanyar maye gurbin radicals. A ƙarshe, ana iya haɗa ruwan ionic tare da wasu ruwan ionic, ruwa, ko amines don cimma kaddarorin daban-daban dangane da ƙarfin sha da zafi na sha. Wannan tunability ya haifar da wasu su kira ruwan ionic &quot;masu ƙira masu ƙira. &quot;  1-butyl-3-propylamineimidazolium tetrafluoroborate an haɓaka shi musamman don kama CO2; an tsara shi don amfani da chemisorption don shan CO2 da kuma kula da inganci a ƙarƙashin sake maimaitawa / sake fasalin sabuntawa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Freemantle |first=Michael |year=1998 |title=Designer Solvents |journal=Chemical &amp; Engineering News |volume=76 |issue=13 |pages=32–37 |doi=10.1021/cen-v076n013.p032 |issn=0009-2347}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bates&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Bates |first=Eleanor D. |last2=Mayton |first2=Rebecca D. |last3=Ntai |first3=Ioanna |last4=Davis |first4=James H. |year=2002 |title=CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Capture by a Task-Specific Ionic Liquid |url=https://archive.org/details/american-chemical-society-journal_2002-02-13_124_6/page/926 |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |volume=124 |issue=6 |pages=926–927 |doi=10.1021/ja017593d |issn=0002-7863 |pmid=11829599}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFBatesMaytonNtaiDavis2002&quot;&gt;Bates, Eleanor D.; Mayton, Rebecca D.; Ntai, Ioanna; Davis, James H. (2002). &quot;CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Capture by a Task-Specific Ionic Liquid&quot;. ''Journal of the American Chemical Society''. '''124''' (6): &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;926–&lt;/span&gt;927. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1021/ja017593d|10.1021/ja017593d]]. [[ISSN]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-7863 0002-7863]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&amp;nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11829599 11829599].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Sauran ruwan ionic an kwaikwayon su ko kuma an gwada su don amfani da su a matsayin masu sha CO2.

== Aikace-aikacen masana'antu da aka tsara ==
A halin yanzu, kama CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; yana amfani da fasahar shawo kan amine, wanda ke da makamashi mai yawa da mai narkewa mai yawa. Magungunan kwayoyin halitta masu narkewa kadai a cikin hanyoyin sunadarai suna wakiltar masana'antar dala biliyan da yawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Huddleston&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Huddleston |first=Jonathan G. |last2=Willauer |first2=Heather D. |last3=Swatloski |first3=Richard P. |last4=Visser |first4=Ann E. |last5=Rogers |first5=Robin D. |year=1998 |title=Room temperature ionic liquids as novel media for 'clean' liquid–liquid extraction |journal=Chem. Commun. |issue=16 |pages=1765–1766 |doi=10.1039/A803999B |issn=1359-7345}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sabili da haka, ruwan ionic yana ba da madadin da zai zama mai kyau idan aka magance sauran rashi.

A lokacin da ake kamawa, anion da cation suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rushewar CO2. Sakamakon spectroscopic yana ba da shawarar kyakkyawar hulɗa tsakanin anion da CO2, inda kwayoyin CO2 suka fi dacewa da anion. Bugu da ƙari, ƙarfin intermolecular, kamar Haɗin hydrogen, haɗin van der Waals, da jan hankali na electrostatic, suna ba da gudummawa ga solubility na CO2 a cikin ruwan ionic. Wannan ya sa ruwan ionic ya yi alkawarin 'yan takara don kama CO2 saboda za'a iya tsara solubility na CO2 daidai ta hanyar ka'idar solubility na yau da kullun (RST), wanda ke rage farashin aiki a haɓaka ƙwarewar samfurin don saka idanu kan tsarin kamawa.

== Manazarta ==
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    <title>Dokar Canjin Yanayi na shekarar 2008</title>
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      <text bytes="37628" sha1="k3lwizozgpxazp4mwjkoi1xke4o67vz" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox UK legislation|short_title=Climate Change Act 2008&lt;ref&gt;The citation of this Act by this [[short title]] is authorised by [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/27/section/101 section 101] of this Act.&lt;/ref&gt;|type=act|parliament=Parliament of the United Kingdom|long_title=An Act to set a target for the year 2050 for the reduction of targeted greenhouse gas emissions; to provide for a system of carbon budgeting; to establish a [[Committee on Climate Change]]; to confer powers to establish trading schemes for the purpose of limiting greenhouse gas emissions or encouraging activities that reduce such emissions or remove greenhouse gas from the atmosphere; to make provision about [[adaptation to climate change]]; to confer powers to make schemes for providing financial incentives to produce less domestic waste and to recycle more of what is produced; to make provision about the collection of household waste; to confer powers to make provision about charging for single use carrier bags; to amend the provisions of the [[Energy Act 2004]] about renewable transport fuel obligations; to make provision about carbon emissions reduction targets; to make other provision about climate change; and for connected purposes.|year=2008|statute_book_chapter=2008 c 27|introduced_by=[[Lord Rooker]], [[Hilary Benn]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2007-08/climatechangehl.html |title=Climate Change [HL] Bill – 2007–08 |website=UK Parliament |access-date=2007-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121212522/http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2007-08/climatechangehl.html |archive-date=21 November 2007 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|territorial_extent=[[United Kingdom]]|royal_assent=26 November 2008|commencement=|repeal_date=|amendments=|related_legislation=|repealing_legislation=|status=Amended|original_text=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/27/contents|legislation_history=http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2007-08/climatechangehl.html|revised_text=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/27/contents/enacted}}
[[Fayil:Global_Carbon_Emissions.svg|thumb|Kasuwancin [[carbon dioxide]] na duniya 1800-2007]]
[[Fayil:Countries_by_carbon_dioxide_emissions_world_map_deobfuscated.png|thumb|Kasashe ta hanyar hayakin carbon dioxide (blue mafi girma) a cikin 2006]]
'''Dokar Canjin yanayi ta 2008''' (c 27) Dokar Majalisar Dattijai ce ta Burtaniya . Dokar ta sanya shi aikin [[Sakataren Gwamnati na Makamashi da Canjin Yanayi|Sakataren Gwamnati]] don rage fitar da iskar gas, don kauce wa canjin yanayi mai haɗari. Dokar tana da niyyar ba da damar Burtaniya ta zama tattalin arzikin carbon mai ƙarancin gaske kuma tana ba ministoci ikon gabatar da matakan da ake buƙata don cimma burin rage iskar gas. An kirkiro kwamitin mai zaman kansa kan Canjin Yanayi a karkashin Dokar don ba da shawara ga Gwamnatin Burtaniya kan waɗannan manufofi da manufofi masu alaƙa. A cikin dokar Sakataren Gwamnati yana nufin Sakataren Jiha na Makamashi da Canjin Yanayi.

Manufar asali ita ce raguwar 80% a shekara ta 2050 amma a watan Yunin 2019 an ƙarfafa wannan zuwa manufa ta &quot;net zero&quot; na raguwar 100%. 

== Manufar fitar da iskar carbon ==
A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2008 Ed Miliband, Sakataren Harkokin Makamashi da Canjin Yanayi, ya ba da sanarwar cewa Dokar za ta ba da umarnin yanke kashi 80% gaba ɗaya a cikin iskar gas guda shida nan da shekara ta 2050.

Lokacin da aka fara buga Gwamnati ta ba da shawarar cewa Dokar za ta kafa burin raguwa na 60%, ban da jirgin sama na kasa da kasa da jigilar kayayyaki, adadi wanda ya kasance burin Gwamnati na wasu shekaru. An karɓi adadi na asali na kashi 60% bisa ga shawarar Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, wanda aka yi a cikin rahoton su na Yuni 2000 Energy - The Changing Environment . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2000-06-16 |title=Royal Commission calls for transformation in the UK's use of energy |url=http://www.rcep.org.uk/news/00-2.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103000009/http://www.rcep.org.uk/news/00-2.htm |archive-date=3 January 2007 |access-date=2007-03-14 |publisher=[[Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Idan wasu kasashe ma sun karɓa, an yi la'akari da raguwar kashi 60% a shekara ta 2050 wanda zai iya iyakance yawan carbon dioxide na yanayi zuwa kashi 550 a kowace miliyan wanda, an yi tunaninsa a lokacin, mai yiwuwa zai hana yanayin zafi na duniya daga tashi da fiye da 2 ° C (3.6 ° F) don haka kauce wa mummunar sakamakon dumamar duniya. Hukumar Royal ta ci gaba da cewa ya kamata a yanke kashi 80% ta hanyar 2100, kuma ya kamata a 'ci gaba da sake dubawa' iyakar 550 ppm.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2000-06-16 |title=Royal Commission report: 'Energy – The Changing Environment' chapters 10 &amp; 4 |url=http://www.rcep.org.uk/newenergy.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070220162203/http://www.rcep.org.uk/newenergy.htm |archive-date=20 February 2007 |access-date=2007-03-14 |publisher=[[Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun sake maimaita muhimmancin wannan a watan Janairun shekara ta 2006.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 January 2006 |title=Government needs to keep carbon dioxide target under review to avoid dangerous climate change |url=http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/news.asp?year=&amp;id=4121 |access-date=2007-03-16 |publisher=[[The Royal Society]] |archive-date=2007-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071112033134/http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/news.asp?year=&amp;id=4121 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

Adadin Royal Commission sun dogara ne akan shawarar Yuni 1996 na Majalisar Ministocin EU don iyakance hayaki zuwa 550 ppm, wanda ke cikin dabarun al'umma akan Canjin Yanayi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 June 1996 |title=Community Strategy on Climate Change – Council Conclusions |url=http://ue.eu.int/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/envir/011a0006.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080128225004/http://ue.eu.int/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/envir/011a0006.htm |archive-date=28 January 2008 |access-date=2007-03-15 |publisher=[[Council of the European Union]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan, bi da bi, ya dogara ne akan Rahoton Bincike na Biyu na IPCC na 1995, wanda ya fara ambaton 550 ppm - 2 ° C.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

Wani kimantawa na kimiyya a taron kasa da kasa na 2005 na kauce wa canjin yanayi mai haɗari, wanda aka gudanar a Exeter a karkashin shugabancin Burtaniya na G8, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 November 2004 |title=Climate Stabilisation Conference – Exeter 2005 |url=http://www.gnn.gov.uk/content/detail.asp?NewsAreaID=2&amp;ReleaseID=134475 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930154651/http://www.gnn.gov.uk/content/detail.asp?NewsAreaID=2&amp;ReleaseID=134475 |archive-date=30 September 2007 |access-date=2007-03-15 |publisher=[[Government News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya kammala cewa a matakin 550 ppm mai yiwuwa ne cewa za a wuce 2 ° C, bisa ga tsinkaya na samfuran yanayi na baya-bayan nan. Daidaitawar iskar gas a 450 ppm zai haifar da yiwuwar 50% na iyakancewar dumamar duniya zuwa 2 ° C, kuma zai zama dole don cimma daidaito a ƙasa da 400 ppm don ba da tabbaci mai girma na ba da wucewa 2 ° C ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 May 2005 |title=International Symposium on the Stabilisation of greenhouse gas concentrations – Report of the International Scientific Steering Committee |url=http://www.stabilisation2005.com/outcomes.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20060318090104/http://www.stabilisation2005.com/outcomes.html |archive-date=18 March 2006 |access-date=2007-03-15 |publisher=[[Met Office]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

Dangane da yawan karuwa na yanzu - matsakaicin kusan 2 ppm a kowace shekara &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide |url=http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/ |access-date=2007-03-17 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; - yawan iskar gas mai guba zai iya kaiwa 400 ppm ta 2016, 450 ppm ta 2041, da 550 ppm ta kusan 2091. Saboda haka ne kungiyoyin muhalli da wasu jam'iyyun siyasa suka soki burin kashi 60% a matsayin rashin isasshen burin, da kuma dalilin da ya sa suka bukaci karin raguwa (80%-100%), kamar yadda aka ambata a kasa. Rashin hayaki daga jirgin sama da jigilar kayayyaki, haɗe da tsinkaya don ci gaba a waɗannan yankuna, yana nufin cewa tasirin lissafin zai kasance kawai 35-50% jimlar yanke a matakan 1990 zuwa 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Select Committee on Environmental Audit Third Report |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200304/cmselect/cmenvaud/233/23305.htm#a11 |access-date=2007-04-20 |publisher=[[British House of Commons|House of Commons]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

Bayan matsin lamba daga jama'a, 'yan majalisa da kuma shawarar daga Kwamitin Canjin Yanayi, an amince da burin kashi 80% a ƙarshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change Act |url=http://www.theccc.org.uk/about-the-ccc/climate-change-act |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090504130500/http://www.theccc.org.uk/about-the-ccc/climate-change-act |archive-date=2009-05-04 |website=[[Committee on Climate Change]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ci gaban doka ==
Hanyar aiwatar da dokoki a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya wani lokacin ya haɗa da matakai masu yawa na shawarwari da muhawara.

=== Kudin da ya gabata ===
Dokar Canjin Yanayi ta 2008 ta riga ta kasance ta hanyar lissafin memba mai zaman kansa mai suna &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2005 Climate Change Bill |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/pabills/200506/climate_change.htm |access-date=2007-03-13 |publisher=United Kingdom Parliament}}&lt;/ref&gt; wanda Abokan Duniya suka tsara kuma suka kawo gaban Majalisar a ranar 7 ga Afrilu 2005. Kodayake ya sami goyon baya mai yawa  Bill ɗin bai iya samun ci gaba ba yayin da aka rushe majalisar kafin babban zaben 2005.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 March 2007 |title=Failed 2005 Climate Change Bill |url=http://www.epolitix.com/EN/Legislation/200507/86622a91-d7f8-44b0-a6d7-032c64f3c778.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061125084031/http://www.epolitix.com/EN/Legislation/200507/86622a91-d7f8-44b0-a6d7-032c64f3c778.htm |archive-date=25 November 2006 |access-date=2007-03-14 |publisher=ePolitix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Motsi na farko ===
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan Babban zaben shekara ta 2005, 412 daga cikin 'yan majalisa 646 sun sanya hannu kan wani yunkuri na farko da ke kira da a gabatar da Dokar Canjin Yanayi, don haɗawa da abin da ake buƙata don rage kashi 3% na shekara-shekara a cikin hayakin carbon.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 May 2005 |title=Early day motion 178 – Climate Change |url=http://edmi.parliament.uk/EDMi/EDMDetails.aspx?EDMID=28373 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060113141314/http://edmi.parliament.uk/EDMi/EDMDetails.aspx?EDMID=28373 |archive-date=13 January 2006 |access-date=2007-03-15 |publisher=[[Michael Meacher]], MP}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sai kawai wasu matakai uku na farko sun taba sanya hannu da fiye da 'yan majalisa 400.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 June 2006 |title=October update on the Climate Change Bill |url=http://www.southhamsfoe.co.uk/node/168 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070324004623/http://www.southhamsfoe.co.uk/node/168 |archive-date=24 March 2007 |access-date=2007-03-15 |publisher=South Hams Friends of the Earth}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Binciken da aka yi kafin a yi ===
Gwamnati Labour ta sanar da gabatar da Dokar Canjin Yanayi a Aiki jawabin Sarauniya, a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 2006.  An buga daftarin Bill a ranar 13 ga Maris 2007, amma ya ba da shawarar 'budget na carbon' na shekaru biyar maimakon manufofi na shekara-shekara da mutane da yawa suka kira. Gwamnati ta yi imanin cewa yanayin yanayi daban-daban ya sa manufofi na shekara-shekara ba su da amfani.

Kwamitocin majalisa guda uku ne suka binciki daftarin. An kafa kwamitin zaɓe na hadin gwiwa na mambobi 24 daga House of Lords da House of Commons, wanda Ubangiji Puttnam ke jagoranta, nan da nan don bincika Dokar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Joint Committee on the Draft Climate Change Bill – official website |url=http://www.parliament.uk/parliamentary_committees/climatechange.cfm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109071451/http://www.parliament.uk/parliamentary_committees/climatechange.cfm |archive-date=9 November 2007 |access-date=2007-11-29}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwamitin Zaɓin Muhalli, Abinci da Harkokin Karkara na House of Commons ya kuma gudanar da bincikensa game da da daftarin Bill, kamar yadda Kwamitin Binciken Muhalli ya yi. Wadannan kwamitocin sun sami shaidu daga jerin jam'iyyun da ke da sha'awar tsakanin Afrilu da Yuli kuma sun jefa kuri'a  a kan kalmomin ƙarshe na rahotonsu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 July 2007 |title=Joint Committee on the Draft Climate Change Bill First Report – FORMAL MINUTES |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/jt200607/jtselect/jtclimate/170/17019.htm |access-date=2007-11-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 July 2007 |title=Joint Committee on the Draft Climate Change Bill – First Report |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/jt200607/jtselect/jtclimate/170/17002.htm |access-date=2007-11-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga cikin masu sukar da ke ba da shaida shine Ubangiji Lawson wanda ya yi jayayya cewa duk manufar ba ta da amfani saboda mutane za su iya daidaitawa da mafi munin tsinkaye na hauhawar digiri 4 a cikin zafin jiki a ƙarshen karni saboda, tare da matsakaicin ci gaban tattalin arzikin duniya na 2%, za su kasance &quot;sau bakwai kamar yadda muke a yau&quot;, saboda haka ba daidai ba ne a tilasta sadaukarwa ga &quot;mafi talauci na yanzu&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 May 2007 |title=Examination of Witnesses (Questions 32–39) |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/jt200607/jtselect/jtclimate/170/7051604.htm |access-date=2007-11-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An buga martani na Gwamnati ga rahoton a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2007. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 2007 |title=Taking Forward the UK Climate Change Bill: The Government Response to Pre-Legislative Scrutiny and Public Consultation – Command Paper 7225 |url=http://www.parliament.uk/documents/upload/Cm7225%2DClimateChange.pdf |access-date=2007-11-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Tattaunawar Ubangiji ===
Gwamnati ta gabatar da dokar ga House of Lords a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba 2007. &lt;ref name=&quot;billsCC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change [HL] Bill – 2007–08 |url=http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2007-08/climatechangehl.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121212522/http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2007-08/climatechangehl.html |archive-date=21 November 2007 |access-date=2007-11-29}}&lt;/ref&gt; An gudanar da muhawara ta farko a bene na House (Karanta na Biyu) a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 2007 kuma ta dauki sa'o'i shida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 November 2007 |title=Climate Change Bill [HL] – Second Reading Debate |url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?id=2007-11-27a.1123.4 |access-date=2007-11-29}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan ya biyo bayan zaman takwas a matakin kwamitin, ƙarin zaman hudu a matakin rahoto da kuma daya don Karatu na Uku. Dukkanin waɗannan zaman (ciki har da matakin Kwamitin) sun faru ne a bene na House  da kuri'u goma don gyare-gyare daban-daban. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 January 2008 |title=Climate Change Bill – Committee of Commission |url=http://www.publicwhip.org.uk/division.php?date=2008-01-14&amp;number=1&amp;dmp=1030&amp;house=lords |publisher=[[Publicwhip]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Policy votes – Climate Change Bill |url=http://www.publicwhip.org.uk/policy.php?id=1030 |publisher=[[Publicwhip]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ɗaya daga cikin kuri'un ya ki amincewa da shawarar da yawancin mutane 148 zuwa 51 suka yi don canza burin 2050 daga 60% zuwa 80% a ƙasa da ƙarar 1990 bisa ga cewa ya kamata su jira sabon shawarar kimiyya daga Kwamitin Canjin Yanayi kafin su canza burin daga 60% .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 February 2008 |title=Climate Change Bill = Target for 2050 is 60% |url=http://www.publicwhip.org.uk/division.php?date=2008-02-25&amp;number=2&amp;house=lords&amp;dmp=1030}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani gyare-gyare, don cire Sakataren Harkokin Makamashi da Canjin Yanayi na cikakken aikin tabbatar da cewa an cika burin 2050, kuma an maye gurbinsa da aikin gabatar da manufofi don cimma burin, an kayar da shi da kuri'u 132 zuwa 130 a cikin Karatu na Uku a cikin House of Lords &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lords Hansard Text for 31 March 2008 |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldhansrd/text/80331-0006.htm#08033118000027 |publisher=Parliament}}&lt;/ref&gt; a ranar 31 ga Maris 2008. Kudin ya wuce zuwa House of Commons.

=== Tattaunawar Commons ===
A ranar 9 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2008, bayan karatun Bill na biyu, mambobi biyar ne kawai na House of Commons suka kada kuri'a. Wadannan biyar sune Christopher Chope, Philip Davies, Peter Lilley, Andrew Tyrie, da [[Ann Widdecombe]] . 

A lokacin muhawara a kan Karatu na Uku a ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba, gwamnati ta ki amincewa da gyare-gyaren adawa don ba da damar Sakataren Gwamnati ya saita matsakaicin matakin carbon dioxide wanda za'a iya fitarwa a kowane ɗayan fitarwa ta kowane tashar samarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=House of Commons Hansard Debates for 28 October 2008 |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmhansrd/cm081028/debtext/81028-0018.htm |publisher=Parliament}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan da aka gabatar da shawarar kwamitin canjin yanayi game da matakin burin a shekarar 2050 a gaba, an sake fasalin burin a shekara ta 2050 daga kashi 60% na hayakin carbon dioxide na shekarar 1990 zuwa kashi 80% na manyan hayakin gas guda shida a kan matsin gwamnati. An kuma amince da cewa rabon Burtaniya na jirgin sama da fitar da hayaki zai zama wani ɓangare na manufa, lokacin da za a iya amincewa da hanyar auna waɗannan.&lt;ref name=&quot;FTreport&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 October 2008 |title=MPs support tough bill on CO2 reporting |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/b511d18a-a53f-11dd-b4f5-000077b07658.html |publisher=Financial Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kudin ya zama doka a ranar 26 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 2008. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change Bill [HL] 2007–08 |url=http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2007-08/climatechangehl.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121212522/http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2007-08/climatechangehl.html |archive-date=21 November 2007 |publisher=Parliament}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gyara ===
A cikin shekara ta 2019, ta hanyar Dokar Canjin Yanayi ta na shekarar 2008 (2050 Target Amendment) Order, An yi gyare-gyare na Sashe na 1 na Dokar, maye gurbin manufa don rage iskar gas da kashi 80 cikin dari ta hanyar 2050 tare da manufa na kashi 100. 

== Matsayi ==

=== Jam'iyyun siyasa ===
Jam'iyyar Conservative ta adawa ta goyi bayan manufar lissafi, kuma ta ba da shawarar bambancin kansu a gaban Gwamnati.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Can I have the Bill please? |url=http://www.canihavethebillplease.co.uk/bill.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208032041/http://www.canihavethebillplease.co.uk/bill.html |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=2007-03-13 |publisher=Conservative Party}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ɗaya daga cikin manyan bambance-bambance shine cewa suna buƙatar manufofi na carbon na shekara-shekara, kuma cewa Kwamitin Canjin Yanayi ya kamata ya sami ingantaccen matsayi, ya kafa manufofi da kuma ba da shawara ga gwamnatoci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 March 2007 |title=Key elements missing from draft Climate Change Bill |url=http://www.conservatives.com/tile.do?def=news.story.page&amp;obj_id=135501 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070617065152/http://www.conservatives.com/tile.do?def=news.story.page&amp;obj_id=135501 |archive-date=17 June 2007 |access-date=2007-03-13 |publisher=Conservative Party}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Jam'iyyar Liberal Democrats ta dauki irin wannan matsayi ga Conservatives, kuma suna da ra'ayin cewa kafa manufofi a kowace shekara biyar zai zama abdication na alhakin, saboda gwamnati yawanci ta kasance a mulki na shekaru hudu kawai. Sun kuma bayyana cewa da aka tsara 60% yankewa da aka yi a shekarar 2050 bazai isa ba, kuma cewa &quot;muna iya buƙatar yin niyya zuwa kusan 80%&quot;.

Green Party na Ingila da Wales sun ba da amsa mai ƙarfi. Sun yi la'akari da cewa dokar ta ba da 'kyauta mai yawa', amma cewa daftarin Bill ya kasance 'mai haɗari ba tare da burin ba'. Daga cikin bukatunsu akwai manufofi na shekara-shekara da kuma raguwar fitarwa gaba ɗaya da kashi 90% nan da shekara ta 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 March 2007 |title=Climate Change Bill 'dangerously unambitious' |url=http://www.greenparty.org.uk/news/2920 |access-date=2007-03-14 |publisher=[[Green Party of England and Wales]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daraja - Ƙungiyar Unity ta kuma goyi bayan raguwar kashi 90% a cikin hayakin carbon nan da shekara ta 2050, amma ba ta bayyana ra'ayi game da lissafin ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 2005 |title=Respect Environment Policy – March 2005 |url=http://www.respectcoalition.org/index.php?sec=39 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070214084828/http://www.respectcoalition.org/index.php?sec=39 |archive-date=14 February 2007 |access-date=2007-03-14 |publisher=[[Respect - The Unity Coalition]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga cikin jam'iyyun siyasa na kasa wadanda aka san ra'ayoyinsu, manufar Dokar Canjin Yanayi ta sami goyon baya daga Jam'iyyar Scottish National Party &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 January 2006 |title=SNP joins cross-party force on Climate Change |url=http://www.snp.org/press-releases/2005/snp_press_release.2006-01-26.9246526041 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929090327/http://www.snp.org/press-releases/2005/snp_press_release.2006-01-26.9246526041 |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=2007-03-14 |publisher=[[Scottish National Party]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Jam'iyyar Democratic Unionist Party. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 February 2007 |title=DUP Manifesto 2007, page 57 |url=http://www.dup.org.uk/pdf/DUPManifesto2007LR.pdf |access-date=2007-03-14 |publisher=[[Democratic Unionist Party]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Welsh Plaid Cymru ta ba da shawarar raguwar carbon 3% na shekara-shekara ga [[Wales]] a cikin bayanan manufofinsu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 March 2007 |title=7 for '07 – Saving Wales: the Energy Plan |url=http://www.plaidcymru.org/content.php?nID=14;ID=157 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070527195338/http://www.plaidcymru.org/content.php?nID=14;ID=157 |archive-date=27 May 2007 |access-date=2007-03-14 |publisher=[[Plaid Cymru]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Jam'iyyar Independence ta Burtaniya ta yi imanin cewa dokar ta zama dole ne kawai saboda gazawar tsara wani shiri mai yiwuwa ga wasu hanyoyin samar da makamashi don maye gurbin man fetur. Sun yi la'akari da cewa Bill ya kasance 'mai zurfi kuskure', mai yiwuwa ya gurgunta tattalin arziki kuma zai lalata saka hannun jari a wasu fasahohi. Maimakon haka sun yi imanin cewa Gwamnati da 'yan adawa 'suna buƙatar bincika hanyoyin da suka dace kamar makamashin nukiliya', kuma cewa shirye-shiryen saka hannun jari a cikin makamashi masu sabuntawa kamar wutar lantarki ta iska da hasken rana, da kuma rage hayakin carbon da kashi 60%, 'ba za a iya cimma su ba kuma ba dole ba'.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2007-03-13 |title=Cut Carbon? Go Nuclear |url=http://www.ukip.org/ukip_news/gen12.php?t=1&amp;id=2910 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070322212822/http://www.ukip.org/ukip_news/gen12.php?t=1&amp;id=2910 |archive-date=22 March 2007 |access-date=2007-03-14 |publisher=[[United Kingdom Independence Party]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ƙungiyoyin muhalli ===
Abokan Babban Yakin Duniya na ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka rinjayi gwamnati ta haɗa da Dokar Canjin Yanayi a cikin shirin majalisar su. Kungiyar ta bukaci cewa Bill din ya hada da manufofi masu bin doka don rage akalla kashi 3% a kowace shekara, wanda ya kai jimlar raguwa kusan kashi 80% nan da shekara ta 2050. Sun yi la'akari da cewa raguwar kashi 60% a cikin hayakin carbon a shekara ta 2050 ba isasshen gudummawa daga kasashe masu tasowa ba ne ga [[Ayyukan mutum game da canjin yanayi|matakin kasa da kasa kan canjin yanayi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 March 2007 |title=Draft climate bill published |url=http://www.foe.co.uk/resource/press_releases/draft_climate_bill_publish_13032007.html |access-date=2007-03-13 |publisher=Friends of the Earth}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ƙungiyar WWF ta Burtaniya ta goyi bayan Dokar, amma ta ƙaddamar da kamfen ɗin Get on Board don ƙaddamar da burin rage carbon na 2050 da za a ɗaga zuwa akalla 80%, gami da rabon Burtaniya na hayaki daga jirgin sama na duniya da jigilar kaya. Bugu da kari, WWF-UK ta yi kira da a riƙe gyaran House of Lords cewa akalla kashi 70% na raguwar Burtaniya ya kamata a cimma shi a cikin gida (ƙuntata zuwa kashi 30% na raguwar da za a iya cimma ta hanyar sayen 'karfin carbon'). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 June 2008 |title=Climate Change Bill – What needs strengthening |url=http://getonboard.wwf.org.uk/aboutStrengthening.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080310212137/http://getonboard.wwf.org.uk/aboutStrengthening.php |archive-date=10 March 2008 |access-date=2008-06-04 |publisher=WWF-UK}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sauran 50 ko makamancin haka na muhalli, ci gaban kasa da kasa da sauran kungiyoyin da ke cikin hadin gwiwar Stop Climate Chaos sun goyi bayan Babban Yakin Tambaya kuma sun raba irin wannan ra'ayi. Kungiyar hadin gwiwa kanta ta soki Gwamnati saboda rashin amincewa da 'ƙofar haɗarin dumama duniya' na 2 ° C. Idan aka yi la'akari da wannan, sun yi imanin cewa burin 2020 ya kamata ya zama mafi ƙarancin 30%, tare da burin 80% don 2050. Sun kuma yi la'akari da cewa Bill ya kamata ya haɗa da manufofi na raguwa na shekara-shekara na 3%, rufe jirgin sama da jigilar kayayyaki a cikin ikonsa, da kuma hana sayen kudaden carbon daga kasashen waje, aikin da suka yi imanin fitar da matsalar hayaki a wasu wurare.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 March 2007 |title=I Count Campaign know Government can do better |url=http://www.icount.org.uk/news/i_count_media/news_releases_i_count/198.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071007154853/http://www.icount.org.uk/news/i_count_media/news_releases_i_count/198.asp |archive-date=7 October 2007 |access-date=2007-03-15 |publisher=[[Stop Climate Chaos]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;

.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 March 2007 |title=I Count Campaign know Government can do better |url=http://www.icount.org.uk/news/i_count_media/news_releases_i_count/198.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071007154853/http://www.icount.org.uk/news/i_count_media/news_releases_i_count/198.asp |archive-date=7 October 2007 |access-date=2007-03-15 |publisher=[[Stop Climate Chaos]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp; Matsalar Jama'a ta hadin gwiwa ta Ikklisiyoyin Baptist, Methodist, da United Reformed sun yi kira ga raguwar kashi 80% a cikin hayakin carbon [a shekara ta 2050], don kada a yi watsi da gudummawar iska da tafiye-tafiye na teku, da kuma rage hayakin da ke cikin Burtaniya maimakon dogaro da sayen kudaden carbon daga wasu ƙasashe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Joint Public Issues Team of the churches: briefing on the Climate Change Bill (December 2007) |url=http://jointpublicissues.org.uk/jpitenvironment.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119024752/http://jointpublicissues.org.uk/jpitenvironment.htm |archive-date=19 January 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kungiyoyin kwadago da kasuwanci ===
Kungiyar Masana'antu ta Burtaniya, wacce ta kirkiro rundunarta ta sauya yanayi, ta yi maraba da dokar da aka gabatar, tana mai cewa ta haɗu da abubuwa biyu masu mahimmanci, haske na dogon lokaci game da jagorancin manufofi da sassauci a isar da ita.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 March 2007 |title=Climate Change Bill strikes right balance |url=http://www.cbi.org.uk/ndbs/press.nsf/0363c1f07c6ca12a8025671c00381cc7/c89c2266d47c69128025729d003952ef?OpenDocument |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070513190040/http://www.cbi.org.uk/ndbs/press.nsf/0363c1f07c6ca12a8025671c00381cc7/c89c2266d47c69128025729d003952ef?OpenDocument |archive-date=13 May 2007 |access-date=2007-03-14 |publisher=[[Confederation of British Industry]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Har ila yau, Majalisar Tarayyar Kasuwanci ta ba da goyon baya ga Dokar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 March 2007 |title=TUC comment on climate change bill |url=http://www.tuc.org.uk/economy/tuc-13068-f0.cfm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070318155814/http://www.tuc.org.uk/economy/tuc-13068-f0.cfm |archive-date=18 March 2007 |access-date=2007-03-14 |publisher=[[Trades Union Congress]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kwamitin Canjin Yanayi ==
Kwamitin kan Canjin Yanayi, wanda aka saka hannun jari ta Sashe na 2 na Dokar, an ƙaddamar da shi a hukumance a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2008 tare da Ubangiji Adair Turner a matsayin shugabanta. Har ila yau, akwai [[Kwamitin Canjin Yanayi|Kwamitin Gudanarwa]] (ASC), wanda ke tsara jagora don al'amuran daidaitawa ciki har da shawarwari masu zaman kansu game da shirya don canjin yanayi. ASC ta kunshi masana daga dukkan fannoni na canjin yanayi, kimiyya da tattalin arziki kuma a halin yanzu Baroness Brown na Cambridge ce ke jagoranta.

== Sakamakon / rahotanni ==
Kamar yadda wannan dokar ta buƙaci, Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta samar da rahotanni da yawa, wasu daga cikinsu an saita su don sabuntawa a lokuta na yau da kullun. Wadannan rahotanni sun hada da:

* Climate Change Risk Assessment (CCRA), rahoton farko da aka buga a cikin 2012, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 January 2012 |title=UK Climate Change Risk Assessment: Government Report |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-climate-change-risk-assessment-government-report |access-date=2013-12-05 |publisher=[[UK Government]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; rahoton na biyu da aka buga A cikin 2017, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 January 2017 |title=UK Climate Change Risk Assessment 2017 |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/584281/uk-climate-change-risk-assess-2017.pdf |access-date=2017-01-24 |publisher=[[UK Government]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma an buga rahoton na uku a cikin 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 January 2022 |title=UK Climate Change Risk Assessment 2022 |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-climate-change-risk-assessment-2022 |access-date=2022-11-28 |publisher=[[Committee on Climate Change]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Shirin Adaptation na Kasa (NAP), rahoton farko da aka buga a cikin 2013, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 July 2013 |title=Adapting to climate change: National Adaptation Programme |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/adapting-to-climate-change-national-adaptation-programme |access-date=2013-12-05 |publisher=[[UK Government]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; na biyu a cikin Yulin 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate change: second national adaptation programme (2018 to 2023) |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/climate-change-second-national-adaptation-programme-2018-to-2023 |access-date=5 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Buga Shirin Daidaitawa na Kasa na uku, na 2023-28, ya faru ne a watan Yulin 2023 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Understanding climate adaptation and the third National Adaptation Programme (NAP3) |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/third-national-adaptation-programme-nap3/understanding-climate-adaptation-and-the-third-national-adaptation-programme-nap3 |website=GOV.UK}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Adaptation Reporting Power (ARP), gabaɗaya na farko da aka buga a cikin 2011 (daga sama da manyan kungiyoyi 100), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 May 2012 |title=Adaptation Reporting Power: received reports |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/adaptation-reporting-power-received-reports |access-date=2013-12-05 |publisher=[[UK Government]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; zagaye na biyu na rahotanni sun fara bugawa a cikin kaka na 2015. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 August 2015 |title=Climate change adaptation reporting: second round reports |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/climate-change-adaptation-reporting-second-round-reports |access-date=2015-10-15 |publisher=[[UK Government]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shirye-shiryen zagaye na uku na rahotanni ya fara, tare da takardar shawarwari da aka buga a watan Yunin 2018  kuma an buga jerin kungiyoyi a cikin takardar manufofi a ranar 21 ga Disamba 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 July 2018 |title=Climate change adaptation reporting power: plans for the third round |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/climate-change-adaptation-reporting-power-plans-for-the-third-round |access-date=2018-08-08 |publisher=[[UK Government]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 December 2018 |title=List of organisations reporting under adaptation reporting power: third round |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/climate-change-adaptation-reporting-third-round/list-of-organisations-reporting-under-adaptation-reporting-power-third-round |access-date=2019-09-06 |publisher=[[UK Government]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rahotanni da ke sama da abubuwan da aka fitar sun sami goyon baya daga Shirin Tasirin Yanayi na Burtaniya (wanda yanzu ake kira UKCIP), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=UK Climate Impacts Programme |url=http://www.ukcip.org.uk/ |access-date=2013-12-05 |publisher=[[UKCIP, University of Oxford]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma tsinkayen UKCP09. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2009 |title=UK Climate Projections (UKCP) |url=http://ukclimateprojections.defra.gov.uk/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923044941/http://ukclimateprojections.defra.gov.uk/ |archive-date=23 September 2013 |access-date=2013-12-05 |publisher=[[Met Office]], [[Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs|Defra]], [[UK Government]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga ƙarshen 2018, waɗannan tsinkaye sun maye gurbin tsinkayen UKCP18.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018 |title=UK Climate Projections 2018 (UKCP18) |url=http://ukclimateprojections.metoffice.gov.uk/24125 |access-date=2018-08-08 |publisher=[[Met Office]], [[Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs|Defra]], [[UK Government]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Dokar Canjin Yanayi da Dokar Makamashi mai dorewa ta 2006 (United Kingdom) 
* Canjin yanayi a Ƙasar Ingila
* Dokar Yanayi da Yanayi

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* Text of the Climate Change Act 2008kamar yadda yake a yau (ciki har da duk wani gyare-gyare) a cikin Ƙasar Ingila, dagalegislation.gov.uk. 
* Bayanan bayani game da Dokar Canjin Yanayi ta 2008.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101229084126/http://www.netregs.gov.uk/netregs/62959.aspx Jagoran aiwatar da Dokar Canjin Yanayi ga kasuwanci] akan NetRegs.gov.uk
* [http://www.official-documents.gov.uk/document/cm70/7040/7040.asp Cikakken rubutun da aka yi a baya]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070317060812/http://www.defra.gov.uk/corporate/consult/climatechange-bill/ DEFRA Draft Dokar Canjin Yanayi shawarwarin jama'a]
* ePolitix.com Q&amp;A: Climate Change Bill[usurped]
* [http://www.foe.co.uk/campaigns/climate/big_ask/ Babban Yunkurin Tambaya]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080516180225/http://www.getonboard.wwf.org.uk/index.php Shiga cikin Jirgin, WWF-UK Yanayin Yanayi Campan]
* Biritaniya ta wallafa Dokar Canjin Yanayi.
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IY3F9TT2jDs Bidiyo na kaddamar da gwamnati (YouTube)]
* [http://www.cesc.net/climateweb/shepherd/shepherdonclimate.pdf Siyasa ta Yanayi da Makamashi ta Ingila] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240721232535/https://cesc.net/climateweb/shepherd/shepherdonclimate.pdf |date=2024-07-21 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090627051904/http://ukinspain.fco.gov.uk/resources/es/pdf/climate-change/industrial-vision Dabarun Canjin Yanayi].

; Kafofin watsa labarai

* 10 Afrilu 2008, ''Laburaren Jama'a na Intanet'': Rage Carbon mara zafi da 80%[https://web.archive.org/web/20080514003405/http://www.internet-public-library.org/carbon-reduction/painless-carbon-reduction.htm Rage Carbon mara zafi da kashi 80%]
* 3 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2007, ''BBC'': 'yan majalisa da takwarorinsu sun bukaci dokar carbon mai tsauri[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6928084.stm 'Yan majalisa da takwarorinsu suna neman ka'idar carbon mai tsauri]
* 14 Maris 2007, Independent Online: [https://web.archive.org/web/20070316100849/http://news.independent.co.uk/environment/climate_change/article2355960.ece Dokar da ta sa rage hayakin carbon ya zama aikin doka]
* 23 Fabrairu 2007, Times Online: [https://web.archive.org/web/20070225083330/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article1426537.ece Miliband ya yi wa masu sukar sa ba'a yayin da aka rage dokar yanayi]
* 15 Nuwamba 2006, Guardian Unlimited: Miliband ya musanta rabuwa da majalisar kan dokar yanayi[http://politics.guardian.co.uk/green/story/0,,1948158,00.html Miliband ya musanta rabuwa da majalisar ministoci game da dokar yanayi]
* 13 Oktoba 2006, Politics.co.uk: Ministocin 'duba da hankali' akan yiwuwar dokar canjin yanayi[http://www.politics.co.uk/news/domestic-policy/constitution/state-opening-parliament-queens-speech/ministers-looking-carefully-at-climate-change-bill-$454548.htm Ministocin 'duba da hankali' a kan yiwuwar dokar canjin yanayi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527181300/http://www.politics.co.uk/news/domestic-policy/constitution/state-opening-parliament-queens-speech/ministers-looking-carefully-at-climate-change-bill-$454548.htm |date=2011-05-27 }}
* 1 ga Fabrairu 2006, Euractive: Babban mai ba da shawara na kimiyya na Burtaniya: Tsayawa da maida hankali ga CO2 a ƙasa da 450ppm 'ba zai yiwu ba'[https://web.archive.org/web/20071022060331/http://euractiv.com/en/sustainability/eu-climate-change-target-unfeasible/article-152154 Babban mai ba da shawara kan kimiyya na Burtaniya: Tsayawa da CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; a ƙasa da 450ppm 'ba zai yiwu ba']
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Canjin yanayi a Iran</title>
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      <text bytes="29242" sha1="iwiw04mb7g0dpsgtvive564eew8hwai" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}[[Fayil:Urmia_lake_drought.gif|thumb|Tafkin Urmia ya ragu saboda raguwar shigowa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Wannan ya samo asali ne daga canjin yanayi, kuma yana taimakawa ga karancin ruwa a Iran.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Shadkam |first=Somayeh |last2=Ludwig |first2=Fulco |last3=van Oel |first3=Pieter |last4=Kirmit |first4=Çağla |last5=Kabat |first5=Pavel |date=2016-10-01 |title=Impacts of climate change and water resources development on the declining inflow into Iran's Urmia Lake |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0380133016301307 |journal=Journal of Great Lakes Research |language=en |volume=42 |issue=5 |pages=942–952 |doi=10.1016/j.jglr.2016.07.033 |issn=0380-1330}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Iran]] tana daga cikin kasashe masu fama da [[Canjin yanayi]] a [[Canjin yanayi a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka|Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka]] (MENA). Iran tana ba da gudummawa ga kusan kashi 1.8% na hayakin gas na duniya (GHG), kuma tana cikin [[Jerin ƙasashe ta hanyar fitar da iskar gas|matsayi na 8 a cikin hayakin gas (GHG)]] a duniya kuma tana cikin farko a yankin MENA saboda dogaro da man fetur da iskar gas. Canjin yanayi ya haifar da raguwar ruwan sama da karuwar zafin jiki, tare da Iran tana riƙe da zafin jiki mafi zafi da aka rubuta a Asiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=AJLabs |title=Mapping the hottest temperatures around the world |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/5/what-is-the-highest-temperature-ever-recorded-in-your-country-2 |access-date=2023-10-27 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kasar tana fuskantar karancin ruwa tare da kusan kashi 35% na 'yan Iran da ke fama da karancin ruwa. Wadannan batutuwan suna kara tsanantawa ta hanyar saurin birni wanda ya haifar da mummunar ingancin iska da tsibirai masu zafi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate profile: Iran |url=https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/programs/middle-east-programs/rafik-hariri-center-for-the-middle-east/empowerme/macromena/climate-profile-iran/ |access-date=2023-10-20 |website=Atlantic Council |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iran tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe uku kawai da ba su tabbatar da [[Yarjejeniyar Paris]] ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Anderson |first=Maia Golzar |date=September 22, 2023 |title=Bringing Iran to the climate action table |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/bringing-iran-climate-action-table#:~:text=Iran%20has%20yet%20to%20ratify,normalization%20agreement%20with%20Saudi%20Arabia.}}&lt;/ref&gt; [Littafi na 1]{{Efn|[[Libya]] and [[Yemen]] are the only other countries which have not ratified the Paris Agreement.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=United Nations Treaty Collection |url=https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&amp;mtdsg_no=XXVII-7-d&amp;chapter=27&amp;clang=_en |access-date=2023-11-16 |website=treaties.un.org |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

Yanayin yanayi na Iran ya bambanta daga zafi, hamada mai bushewa a kudu da gabas zuwa sanyi, yanayi mai sauƙi tare da [[Tekun Caspian]] a arewa, da kuma yanayin yanayi a yammacin kudu na Zagros Basin da yankunan kudancin bakin teku. Wannan bambancin yana ba da gudummawa ga haɗarin yanayi, gami da ambaliyar ruwa, rushewar ƙasa, da fari.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=Iran Climate Fact Sheet |url=https://www.climatecentre.org/wp-content/uploads/RCCC-ICRC-Country-profiles-Iran.pdf |access-date=28 April 2024 |website=Climate Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rashin fitarwa ==
{{Pie chart|thumb=right|caption=CO2 emissions by sector, 2021&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran - Countries &amp; Regions |url=https://www.iea.org/countries/iran/emissions |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=IEA |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;|other=|label1=Electricity and heat producers|value1=25.81|color1=#de2821|label2=Industry|value2=18.90|color2=#7C6250|label3=Transport|value3=20.88|color3=#313c42|label4=Residential|value4=21.23|color4=#ef8e39|label5=Commercial and public services|value5=2.87|color5=#006400|label6=Agriculture|value6=2.38|color6=#191970|value7=7.91|label7=Other energy industries}}
Iran tana da muhimmiyar gudummawa ga GHGs saboda amfani da ita da samar da mai da iskar gas. Wadannan albarkatun ba wai kawai suna ba da sabis ga bukatun makamashi na cikin gida ba har ma suna aiki a matsayin wani ɓangare mai mahimmanci na fitar da ƙasar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions 1990-2023 |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/IRN/iran/ghg-greenhouse-gas-emissions |access-date=2023-10-20 |website=www.macrotrends.net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108190256/https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/IRN/iran/ghg-greenhouse-gas-emissions |archive-date=2023-11-08 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kamar yadda Iran ba ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Paris ba ta buga adadi na fitar da GHG ba kuma ba ta yi alkawarin wani raguwa ba, amma an kiyasta fitar da 2022 a ton miliyan 950 na CO2eq, wanda shine kusan 1.8% na fitar da duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran |url=https://climatepromise.undp.org/what-we-do/where-we-work/iran |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=UNDP Climate Promise |language=en |quote=Iran has not yet signed the Paris Agreement. Therefore, the country has not submitted an NDC}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=EDGAR - The Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research |url=https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/report_2023#emissions_table |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Game da yawan mutanen Iran, kowane mutum a Iran yana fitarwa fiye da matsakaicin duniya.

Bugu da ƙari, ayyukan gas a Iran suna ba da gudummawa ga bayanan fitarwa, tare da daidai da kimanin tan miliyan 50 na carbon dioxide da ake fitarwa a kowace shekara daga gas mai ƙonewa kadai, wanda ya kai kashi 5.5%-6% na jimlar fitarwa ta GHG.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Shojaei |first=S. Mohammad |last2=Vahabpour |first2=Amir |last3=Saifoddin |first3=Amir Ali |last4=Ghasempour |first4=Roghayeh |date=May 2023 |title=Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from Iran's gas flaring by using satellite data and combustion equations |journal=Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=735–748 |doi=10.1002/ieam.4684 |issn=1551-3793 |pmid=36151901}}&lt;/ref&gt; Adadin fitarwa kuma yana nuna ƙananan matakan saka hannun jari na ƙasar a cikin makamashi mai sabuntawa. Kodayake Iran tana da damar sabunta makamashi mai yawa, sauyawa zuwa tsarin makamashi masu tsabta ya kasance mai jinkiri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ritchie |first=Hannah |author-link=Hannah Ritchie |last2=Roser |first2=Max |author-link2=Max Roser |last3=Rosado |first3=Pablo |date=2020-05-11 |title=CO₂ and Greenhouse Gas Emissions |url=https://ourworldindata.org/co2/country/iran |journal=Our World in Data}}&lt;/ref&gt; Taimako na man fetur na burbushin halittu shine na biyu kawai ga Rasha, kuma mafi girma a duniya ta hanyar rabo na GDP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Global energy-related greenhouse gas emissions, 2000-2022 – Charts – Data &amp; Statistics |url=https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-energy-related-greenhouse-gas-emissions-2000-2022 |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=IEA |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Iran a halin yanzu ba ta cikin manyan kasashe 10 da ke cikin hadarin bala'in yanayi. Koyaya, canjin yanayi ya sa ya zama sau 16 da yawa don fari ya faru a Iran. Iran ta riga ta fuskanci ambaliyar ruwa da yawa. Masu kula da muhalli da malamai na Iran suna gargadi mutane cewa gwamnati tana fada baya game da [[Daidaituwar canjin yanayi|daidaitawa]] yanayin yanayi, wanda zai iya kara rauni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mansouri Daneshvar-20192&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mansouri Daneshvar |first=Mohammad Reza |last2=Ebrahimi |first2=Majid |last3=Nejadsoleymani |first3=Hamid |date=2019-03-01 |title=An overview of climate change in Iran: facts and statistics |journal=Environmental Systems Research |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=7 |doi=10.1186/s40068-019-0135-3 |issn=2193-2697 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iran ta kasance a matsayi na 66, wanda shine na biyu zuwa na ƙarshe a cikin [[Ƙididdigar Canjin Yanayi|CCPI]] na wannan shekara.

== Tasirin muhalli ==
[[Fayil:Temperature_Bar_Chart_Middle_East-Iran--1901-2020--2021-07-13.png|thumb|347x347px|Canjin zafin jiki a Iran a tsawon lokaci]]
 
Akwai tasirin sauyin yanayi da yawa a Iran. Ga daya, ana sa ran cewa matsakaicin zafin jiki zai karu sosai, an kiyasta a canjin digiri 2.6 na Celsius nan da shekara ta 2050.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mansouri Daneshvar-2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mansouri Daneshvar |first=Mohammad Reza |last2=Ebrahimi |first2=Majid |last3=Nejadsoleymani |first3=Hamid |date=2019-03-01 |title=An overview of climate change in Iran: facts and statistics |journal=Environmental Systems Research |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=7 |doi=10.1186/s40068-019-0135-3 |issn=2193-2697 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan zai iya hawa har zuwa karuwar digiri 5 na Celsius a ƙarshen ƙarni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt; Karin matsakaicin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da karuwar mutuwar zafi da mutuwar da ke da alaƙa da cututtukan zuciya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mousavi |first=Arefeh |last2=Ardalan |first2=Ali |last3=Takian |first3=Amirhossein |last4=Ostadtaghizadeh |first4=Abbas |last5=Naddafi |first5=Kazem |last6=Bavani |first6=Alireza Massah |date=2020-04-02 |title=Climate change and health in Iran: a narrative review |journal=Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=367–378 |doi=10.1007/s40201-020-00462-3 |issn=2052-336X |pmc=7203306 |pmid=32399247}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, ana hasashen yawan raƙuman zafi zai karu da kusan 30%, wanda kuma zai haifar da raguwar kimanin 30% a cikin hazo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mansouri Daneshvar-2019&quot; /&gt; ..

== Ma'adanai na ruwa ==
Canje-canje a cikin hazo na iya haifar da karancin ruwa a Iran, wanda ke haifar da barazana ga samar da ruwan sha mai tsabta da kuma ruwan ban ruwa da aka yi amfani da shi don noma. Haɗe tare da hauhawar yanayin zafi, raguwar ruwan ban ruwa zai haifar da raguwar samar da aikin gona, wanda ke haifar da karancin abinci. Duk da yake ruwan sama na shekara-shekara zai iya raguwa, ana sa ran tsananin da kuma yawan kwanakin ruwan sama zai karu a kudu, wanda zai iya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mansouri Daneshvar-20193&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mansouri Daneshvar |first=Mohammad Reza |last2=Ebrahimi |first2=Majid |last3=Nejadsoleymani |first3=Hamid |date=2019-03-01 |title=An overview of climate change in Iran: facts and statistics |journal=Environmental Systems Research |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=7 |doi=10.1186/s40068-019-0135-3 |issn=2193-2697 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iran ta riga ta sami babban fallasa ga ambaliyar ruwa, rushewar ƙasa, da sauran bala'o'i na halitta, matsayi na shida a duniya a cikin haɗarin haɗari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=Iran Climate Fact Sheet |url=https://www.climatecentre.org/wp-content/uploads/RCCC-ICRC-Country-profiles-Iran.pdf |website=Climate Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hawan matakin teku ==
[[Fayil:Makran_beaches_20190622_14.jpg|thumb|239x239px|Tekun Makran]]
Yankin kudu maso gabashin Iran, Makran, yana da muhimmancin tattalin arziki da muhalli. Game da raunin hauhawar matakin teku bisa ga abubuwan da suka shafi yanayin ƙasa, muhalli da zamantakewar al'umma, binciken ya gano cewa ƙananan bakin teku a Makran za su kasance masu rauni musamman.&lt;ref&gt;Ghanavati, E.; Shah-Hosseini, M.; Marriner, N. Analysis of the Makran Coastline of Iran's Vulnerability to Global Sea-Level Rise. ''J. Mar. Sci. Eng.'' '''2021''', ''9'', 891. {{Doi|10.3390/jmse9080891}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tekun Makran ya fi fuskantar haɗarin yanayi saboda yawan abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin ƙasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghanavati-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ghanavati |first=Ezatollah |last2=Shah-Hosseini |first2=Majid |last3=Marriner |first3=Nick |date=August 2021 |title=Analysis of the Makran Coastline of Iran's Vulnerability to Global Sea-Level Rise |journal=Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |language=en |volume=9 |issue=8 |pages=891 |doi=10.3390/jmse9080891 |issn=2077-1312 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Baya ga sanya shi cikin haɗari mafi girma na hauhawar matakin teku, wannan na iya haifar da matsanancin abubuwan da suka faru kamar girgizar ƙasa da tsunami.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghanavati-2021&quot; /&gt;

== Tasirin yanayin halittu ==
Yaduwar hamada tana daya daga cikin manyan damuwa ga Iran yayin da yanayin zafi ke ci gaba da tashi. Jami'an gwamnati sun fahimci cewa sama da hekta miliyan 100 na ƙasa a cikin ƙasar na iya zama hamada a nan gaba saboda tasirin canjin yanayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;epc.ae-2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran's Climate Change Crisis: Domestic Challenges and Regional Consequences |url=https://epc.ae/en/details/featured/iran-s-climate-change-crisis-domestic-challenges-and-regional-consequences |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=epc.ae |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan na iya haifar da ƙaura mai yawa ga yawan mutanen Iran da ke cikin birane. A Tehran kadai, yawan jama'a yana ƙaruwa a kusan 2% a kowace shekara a halin yanzu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Middle East Institute&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran's growing climate migration crisis |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/irans-growing-climate-migration-crisis |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=Middle East Institute |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan tasirin sun riga sun fara gani, kamar yadda aka kiyasta cewa kimanin mutane 41,000 sun yi ƙaura a Iran saboda haɗarin yanayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Middle East Institute&quot; /&gt; Har ila yau, hamada ta zo tare da haɗarin kiwon lafiya da tattalin arziki masu yawa da suka shafi guguwar ƙura da kuma lalata ƙasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;epc.ae-2&quot; /&gt;

Samun ruwa wani babban damuwa ne na canjin yanayi ga Iran a nan gaba. Yawancin ruwan da ke cikin ƙasa an riga an yi amfani da shi a cikin ƙasar saboda karuwar bukatar ruwa a cikin 'yan kwanakin nan.&lt;ref name=&quot;epc.ae-2&quot;/&gt; Yawancin wannan ya samo asali ne daga karuwar tono rijiyar. Adadin rijiyoyin ruwa a kasar ya karu da sau 21 daga shekarun 1980 zuwa 2010. &lt;ref name=&quot;epc.ae-2&quot; /&gt; Bugu da kari, ingancin ruwa a bangaren jama'a yana da alama wani lamari ne, tare da sharar ruwa ya kai kusan kashi 30%.&lt;ref name=&quot;epc.ae-2&quot; /&gt; Saboda wannan, tasirin raguwar hazo a Iran yana ba da mummunan sakamako fiye da sauran ƙasashe a yankin, waɗanda suka riga sun yi gwagwarmaya da rarraba ruwa da inganci.

== Tasirin Aikin Noma ==
Tasirin canjin yanayi a kan aikin gona a Iran ya riga ya bayyana a bayyane. Tun daga shekara ta 2002, yawan GDP da ya fito daga bangaren noma ya ragu da sama da kashi 9%.&lt;ref name=&quot;epc.ae-2&quot;/&gt; A halin yanzu, alkama shine babban amfanin gona da aka shuka a Iran, saboda ya kai kusan kashi 67% na duk amfanin gona.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran Wheat Area, Yield and Production |url=https://ipad.fas.usda.gov/countrysummary/default.aspx?id=IR&amp;crop=Wheat |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=ipad.fas.usda.gov |archive-date=2023-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029201939/https://ipad.fas.usda.gov/countrysummary/default.aspx?id=IR&amp;crop=Wheat |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da yake amfanin gona na yanzu yana da kwanciyar hankali, kwaikwayon da aka yi a yankunan Mazandaran, Khuzestan, da Gabashin Azerbaijan ya nuna yadda karuwar zafin jiki da raguwar hazo zasu iya rage fitarwa. Wadannan larduna uku suna da kusan kashi 20% na samar da alkama na Iran, amma duk suna da siffofi daban-daban na yanayin ƙasa da yanayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Nazari-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Nazari |first=Meisam |last2=Mirgol |first2=Behnam |last3=Salehi |first3=Hamid |date=2021 |title=Climate Change Impact Assessment and Adaptation Strategies for Rainfed Wheat in Contrasting Climatic Regions of Iran |journal=Frontiers in Agronomy |volume=3 |doi=10.3389/fagro.2021.806146 |issn=2673-3218 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gwaje-gwajen sun nuna cewa yankunan Mazandaran da Khuzestan masu zafi sun kasance masu saukin kamuwa da canjin yanayi, tare da raguwar amfanin gona na 7-45% da 7-54% bi da bi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Nazari-2021&quot; /&gt; Yankin da ya fi sanyi a Gabashin Azerbaijan shine kadai wanda zai iya kara yawan amfanin gona saboda canjin yanayi mai zuwa (0-16%).

Wani damuwa game da aikin gona a Iran shine ingancin amfani da ruwa. Tasirin raguwar wadatar ruwa na iya zama mahimmanci ga wannan ɓangaren, wanda a halin yanzu yana da kusan kashi 90% na amfani da ruwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;epc.ae-2&quot;/&gt; Wannan ya riga ya zama matsala a tarihi, lokacin da fari a ƙarshen 90s ya haifar da babbar asarar aikin gona wanda ya kai sama da dala biliyan 10.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Modarres |first=Reza |last2=Sarhadi |first2=Ali |last3=Burn |first3=Donald H. |date=2016-09-01 |title=Changes of extreme drought and flood events in Iran |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921818116301035 |journal=Global and Planetary Change |language=en-US |volume=144 |pages=67–81 |doi=10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.07.008 |issn=0921-8181 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tare da binciken da ke hango yiwuwar raguwar kashi 35% a cikin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara, samar da ruwa don noma na iya raguwa sosai.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mansouri Daneshvar-2019&quot;/&gt; Wannan yana da matsala musamman saboda rashin yawan ruwa a bangaren noma, wanda a halin yanzu kusan kashi 33 cikin dari ne.&lt;ref name=&quot;epc.ae-2&quot; /&gt;

== Tasirin tattalin arziki ==
Tattalin arzikin Iran ya fuskanci ci gaba mai tsawo tun daga shekarun 1970s.&lt;ref name=&quot;Farajzadeh-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Farajzadeh |first=Zakariya |last2=Ghorbanian |first2=Effat |last3=Tarazkar |first3=Mohammad Hassan |date=2022-10-20 |title=The shocks of climate change on economic growth in developing economies: Evidence from Iran |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652622032644 |journal=Journal of Cleaner Production |volume=372 |doi=10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133687 |issn=0959-6526 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yawancin wannan ya faru ne saboda takunkumin da aka sanya a kasar a shekarar 1995. Duk da yake ƙuntatawa na kasuwanci sun shafi ikon Iran na shigo da fitar da albarkatun kasa waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa wajen rage tasirin canjin yanayi, gwamnatin yanzu tana amfani da Yarjejeniyar Yanayi ta Paris a matsayin kayan aiki don cire takunkumi. Baya ga kasuwanci, tattalin arziki yana fuskantar manyan barazanar tattalin arziki saboda karuwar yanayin zafi, tare da kimanin asarar GDP 1-23% a yayin da ya faru da zafi na digiri 3-4.&lt;ref name=&quot;Farajzadeh-2022&quot; /&gt; Bugu da kari, an kiyasta cewa za a sami raguwa mai yawa a kan yawan ma'aikata da karuwar mutuwar ma'aikata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Day |first=Ed |last2=Fankhauser |first2=Sam |last3=Kingsmill |first3=Nick |last4=Costa |first4=Hélia |last5=Mavrogianni |first5=Anna |date=2019-03-16 |title=Upholding labour productivity under climate change: an assessment of adaptation options |journal=Climate Policy |language=en |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=367–385 |doi=10.1080/14693062.2018.1517640 |issn=1469-3062 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ragewa ==
[[Fayil:ParisAgreement.svg|thumb|Iran na ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe uku kawai da ba su tabbatar da [[Yarjejeniyar Paris]] ba.]]
Kokarin ragewa na Iran ya yi jinkiri. Matakan CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; suna ci gaba da tashi a kowace shekara a karuwar kudi don amfani da samarwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ritchie-2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ritchie |first=Hannah |last2=Roser |first2=Max |last3=Rosado |first3=Pablo |date=2020-05-11 |title=CO₂ and Greenhouse Gas Emissions |url=https://ourworldindata.org/co2/country/iran |journal=Our World in Data}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jimlar iskar gas din da ke cikin gida ta ƙaru kuma ba ta nuna alamar tsayawa ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ritchie-2020&quot; /&gt; Zaɓuɓɓukan ragewa sun wanzu ga bangarorin makamashi da wadanda ba makamashi ba. Sashin makamashi yana da mafi girman damar ragewa, sannan kuma hanyoyin masana'antu da amfani da samfurori, sharar gida, noma da gandun daji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=UNFCC |date=2017 |title=Third National Communication Iran |url=https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Third%20National%20communication%20IRAN.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a iya ci gaba da Iran tare da ƙoƙarin ragewa shine amfani da man fetur. Masu bincike na Iran sun riga sun samar da biodiesel daga fliped a matsayin tushen ko makamashi mai sabuntawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Biofuels International |date=August 10, 2015 |title=Irianian researchers produce biodiesel from flixweed |url=https://biofuels-news.com/news/irianian-researchers-produce-biodiesel-from-flixweed/}}&lt;/ref&gt; An riga an sami cibiyar samar da biodiesel a tsakiyar Iran.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Advanced BioFuels USA – Biodiesel Production Plant Opens in Central Iran |url=https://advancedbiofuelsusa.info/biodiesel-production-plant-opens-in-central-iran/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |website=advancedbiofuelsusa.info}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da yake wannan shine tushen da ya fi dorewa fiye da man fetur, har yanzu akwai wasu raguwa. Misali, sarrafa man fetur yana da ruwa mai yawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 27, 2023 |title=Economics of Biofuel |url=https://www.epa.gov/environmental-economics/economics-biofuels#:~:text=Potential%20drawbacks%20include%20changes%20to,pollution%2C%20and%20increased%20food%20costs. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921193311/https://www.epa.gov/environmental-economics/economics-biofuels#:~:text=Potential%20drawbacks%20include%20changes%20to,pollution%2C%20and%20increased%20food%20costs. |archive-date=September 21, 2016 |website=US Environmental Protection Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tare da raguwar hazo mai yiwuwa a yankin, zai zama da wahala a biya bukatun. Babban dalilin da ya sa kokarin ragewa ya kasance mai jinkiri a Iran shine tasirin takunkumin tattalin arziki a kan kasar da kuma dogaro da iskar gas da mai don kudaden shiga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Policies &amp; action |url=https://climateactiontracker.org/countries/iran/policies-action/#:~:text=Iran's%20capacity%20to%20address%20climate,deal%20(Lumsden,%202019). |access-date=2023-12-03 |website=climateactiontracker.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da ƙari, a [[Taron Canjin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2021|COP26]], wakilin Iran Ali Salajegheh ya ce ƙasar za ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Paris ne kawai idan aka ɗaga takunkumi a kan Iran.

== Daidaitawa ==
[[Fayil:Qanat_cross_section.svg|thumb|Sashe na Qanat]]
Kanats, wani al'ada na gudanar da ruwa a Iran, wanda ake amfani da shi don daidaita yankunan karkara da birane don magance tasirin canjin yanayi. Kunanats, waɗanda aka tsara don yin amfani da ruwa daga tsaunuka masu tsawo zuwa filayen da suka bushe, suna sauƙaƙa aikin gona da sauran muhimman ayyuka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Manuel |first=Mark |last2=Lightfoot |first2=Dale |last3=Fattahi |first3=Morteza |date=2018-03-01 |title=The sustainability of ancient water control techniques in Iran: an overview |journal=Water History |language=en |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=13–30 |doi=10.1007/s12685-017-0200-7 |issn=1877-7244 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; An sake dawo da tsarin qanat a cikin 'yan shekarun nan don taimakawa a matsayin ma'auni na daidaitawa don tasirin canjin yanayi. Bincike ya ba da shawarar cewa &quot; Cikakken maido da tsarin qanat, cibiyar sadarwa ta ƙananan hanyoyin ruwa a cikin birane da yankunan karkara da ke gudana a fadin filaye kuma a kowane titi da ƙetare, zai kuma taimaka wajen ba da damar kwararar ruwa ta halitta yayin da yake karewa daga ambaliyar da ke haifar da yanayi, wanda ke faruwa akai-akai a Iran. A zahiri, gine-ginen gargajiya a cikin biranen kamar Yazd ya tsayayya da ambaliyar ƙirar ƙirar ƙira kamar yadda aka gina a cikin farfajiyar ƙirar ƙasa, ƙirar ƙarar ƙirar ƙimar ƙirar ƙuƙirar ƙirar ke fuskantar ƙirar ƙwar ƙirar ƙyale ƙirar ƙurar ƙirar ƙera ƙirar ƙwarewa, ƙirar ta ƙirar ƙafar ƙirar ƙofar ƙirar ƙalubalen ƙirar ƙwararru, ƙirar ƙasa ta ƙirar ta hanyar ƙirar ƙyamar ƙirar ƙididdigar ƙirar ƙirƙirar ƙira, ƙirar ke ƙirar ƙauyen ƙirar ƙwanƙirar ƙimar ƙasa, ƙira, ganuwarƙirar ƙarar da ƙirar ƙwayo&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran's growing climate migration crisis |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/irans-growing-climate-migration-crisis |access-date=2023-10-27 |website=Middle East Institute |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Environment |first=U. N. |date=2022-08-05 |title=The Community Benefits of Iran's Traditional Qanat Systems - Case Study |url=http://www.unep.org/resources/case-study/community-benefits-irans-traditional-qanat-systems-case-study |access-date=2023-10-27 |website=UNEP - UN Environment Programme |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dokokin yanayi da manufofi na Iran suna canzawa a hankali tare da karuwar fahimtar tasirin canjin yanayi. Hanyar Iran game da daidaitawa da sauyin yanayi da ragewa ana sarrafa su ta hanyar tasirinsa ga 'yan ƙasa, tattalin arziki da kuma alkawurran kasa da kasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Policies &amp; action |url=https://climateactiontracker.org/countries/iran/policies-action/#:~:text=Iran%20has%20laid%20out%20initial,2021%20(IEA,%202021a). |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=climateactiontracker.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shirin ci gaban Shekaru biyar na Iran (2017-2022) ya nuna dorewar muhalli yana mai da hankali kan rage hayakin gas na gida da kuma tallafawa ayyukan samar da makamashi mai tsabta. Shirye-shiryen Iran na yaki da canjin yanayi ya yi daidai da wajibai na duniya da ta karɓa a cikin Yarjejeniyar Paris, tare da manufar rage hayaki ta hanyar haɗa manufofin yanayi a sassa daban-daban, gami da makamashi, masana'antu, noma, da kula da sharar gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Republic of Iran – Third National Communication to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |url=https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Third%20National%20communication%20IRAN.pdf |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=unfccc.int}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Don rage tasirin matsalolin kiwon lafiya da suka haifar da canjin yanayi a Iran, manufofi da ke aiwatar da hanyoyin ragewa da daidaitawa sun zama dole. Wani binciken ya kalli Yarjejeniyar Paris da tsarin kiwon lafiya na Iran. Tasirin canjin yanayi a kan lafiyar jama'a a Iran yana buƙatar tsarin manufofi na tushen shaida don ragewa da daidaitawa. Wani binciken ya daidaita tsarin kiwon lafiya na Iran tare da jagororin Yarjejeniyar Paris, ya gano cewa takardar sayan yarjejeniyar don mai da hankali kan rage tasirin canjin yanayi akan lafiyar jama'a.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mousavi |first=Arefeh |last2=Ardalan |first2=Ali |last3=Takian |first3=Amirhossein |last4=Ostadtaghizadeh |first4=Abbas |last5=Naddafi |first5=Kazem |last6=Bavani |first6=Alireza Massah |date=2020-09-11 |title=Health system plan for implementation of Paris agreement on climate change (COP 21): a qualitative study in Iran |journal=BMC Public Health |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=1388 |doi=10.1186/s12889-020-09503-w |issn=1471-2458 |pmc=7488526 |pmid=32917169 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iran tana daukar matakai masu tsawo don daidaita tsarin kiwon lafiya game da kalubalen da ke haifar da yanayi. Bayan mummunan yanayi a cikin 2019 ma'aikatar kiwon lafiya da ilimin kiwon lafiya ta Iran ta dauki bakuncin bita don fara Shirin Canjin Yanayi na Kasa a cikin bangaren kiwon lafiya wanda [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|WHO]] ta goyi bayan. Taron ya nemi samun rauni a bangaren kiwon lafiya na yanzu ga tasirin kamar bala'o'in da suka shafi yanayi da kuma cututtukan da ke haifar da cututtukani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-11-03 |title=WHO Collaborates with Islamic Republic of Iran in Strengthening National Climate Change Adaptation Plan - Iran (Islamic Republic of) {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/iran-islamic-republic/who-collaborates-islamic-republic-iran-strengthening-national-climate |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Al'umma da al'adu ==
Batutuwan muhalli kamar canjin yanayi da rashin kula da ruwa sun haifar da zanga-zangar da yawa da tashin hankali a Iran, suna nuna karuwar sanin muhalli tsakanin 'yan Iran.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dagres |first=Holly |date=2023-04-21 |title=Springtime in Iran signals the renewal of an environmental movement |url=https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/iransource/springtime-in-iran-signals-the-renewal-of-an-environmental-movement/ |access-date=2023-12-03 |website=Atlantic Council |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rashin yanayin zafi tare da fari mai tsanani da rashin kula da ruwa sun lalata tattalin arziki sosai, suna haifar da tashin hankali da kuma buƙatar ingantaccen kula da ruwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Waldman,ClimateWire |first=Scott |title=Climate Change May Have Helped Spark Iran's Protests |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-change-may-have-helped-spark-iran-rsquo-s-protests/ |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=Scientific American |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Masu gwagwarmayar muhalli da [[Masu kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam a Iran|kungiyoyi]], irin su [[Persian Wildlife Heritage Foundation|Gidauniyar Tarihin namun daji ta Farisa]], sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen wayar da kan jama'a game da kalubalen muhalli na Iran. Suna fuskantar haɗari mai yawa, gami da kamawa da zarge-zargen leken asiri daga hukumomin gwamnati. Wadannan masu gwagwarmaya da kungiyoyi suna fuskantar manyan barazanar da suka hada da kamawa da kuma zargin tsangwama daga hukumomin gwamnati da ke nuna gwagwarmayar siyasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-10-18 |title=Iran's Environmentalists Are Caught Up in a Political Power Struggle {{!}} Human Rights Watch |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2018/10/18/irans-environmentalists-are-caught-political-power-struggle |access-date=2023-10-29 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
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    <title>Yanayin yanayi na Arewacin Carolina</title>
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      <comment>([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[File:Hurricane Fran sept 1996.jpg]] → [[File:Fran 1996-09-04 1715Z.jpg]] Criterion 4 - conforms to other similar files' formats for storm images</comment>
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      <text bytes="32610" sha1="126n9npo2u5qlbfupvv7ssfzcpt40xm" xml:space="preserve">[[Fayil:Köppen_Climate_Types_North_Carolina.png|thumb|400x400px|[[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Nau'ikan yanayi na Köppen]] na Arewacin Carolina, ta amfani da yanayin yanayi na 1991-2020.]]
Yanayin Arewacin Carolina ya bambanta sosai daga Tekun Atlantika a gabas zuwa tsaunin Appalachian a yamma.  Duwatsu sukan yi aiki a matsayin &quot;garkuwa&quot;, suna toshe ƙananan yanayin zafi da guguwa daga Kanada da Midwest daga shiga Piedmont da Coastal Plain na Arewacin Carolina..

Yawancin jihar suna da [[Yanayin zafi mai zafi]] (Köppen climate classification ''Cfa''), sai dai a cikin tsaunuka mafi girma na Appalachians waɗanda ke da yanayin subtropical highland (Köpp ''Cfb'').

Yankunan Hardness na USDA na jihar sun kasance daga Yankin 5B (-15 ° F zuwa -10 ° F) a cikin duwatsu zuwa Yankin 9A (20 ° F zuwa 25 ° F) tare da sassan gabashin bakin teku.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=North Carolina USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map |url=https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov |access-date=November 19, 2023 |publisher=USDA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ga mafi yawan yankuna na Arewacin Carolina, yanayin zafi a watan Yuli a lokacin rana kusan {{Convert|90|F|C}} ° F (32 ° C). A watan Janairu, matsakaicin yanayin zafi na rana na iya bambanta a fadin jihar, daga kimanin 40 ° F (4 ° C) a cikin tsaunuka mafi girma na Appalachians, kusa da 50 ° F (10 ° C) na yankin Piedmont, zuwa kusan 60 ° F (16 ° C) tare da yankunan kudu maso gabashin gabar jihar.

== Ruwan sama ==
Akwai matsakaicin inci 45 na ruwan sama a shekara (50 inci a yankunan tsaunuka). Guguwar Yuli tana da alhakin yawancin wannan hazo. Kusan kashi 15 cikin dari na ruwan sama a lokacin zafi a Arewacin Carolina ana iya danganta shi da guguwa na wurare masu zafi. Duwatsun yamma yawanci suna ganin dusar ƙanƙara tsakanin Nuwamba da Maris. Iska mai laushi daga kudu maso yamma ya sauka da matsakaicin inci 80 (2,000  na hazo a gefen yammacin tsaunuka, yayin da gangaren da ke fuskantar arewa maso gabas ke ƙasa da rabin wannan adadin.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:120%;background:#E8EAFA;&quot; |Matsakaicin ruwan sama na kowane wata
|-
! height=&quot;17&quot; style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color: #000000&quot; |Birni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jan
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Fabrairu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Tekun
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:green;&quot; |Afrilu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:bronze;&quot; |Mayu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:purple;&quot; |Yuni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:red;&quot; |Yuli
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Aug
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Satumba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Oktoba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Nuwamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Disamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jimillar
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Asheville
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|38.1|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Cape Hatteras
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|6.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|56.9|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Charlotte
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|43|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Greensboro
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|42.2|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Raleigh
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|41.8|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Wilmington
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|7.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|55|in|mm}}
|-
|}

=== Snow ===
[[Fayil:1993_Storm_of_the_Century_Asheville,_North_Carolina_snowfall.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Itace da ya fadi a Asheville, North Carolina wanda ya haifar da dusar ƙanƙara daga 1993 Storm of the Century1993 Guguwar Karni]]
Ana ganin dusar ƙanƙara a [[Arewacin Carolina]] akai-akai a cikin tsaunuka.  Arewacin Carolina yana matsakaicin inci 5 (mm 130) na dusar ƙanƙara a kowane lokacin hunturu.  Koyaya, wannan ya bambanta sosai a duk faɗin jihar.  A gefen tekun, yawancin wuraren yin rajistar ƙasa da inci 2 (51 mm) a kowace shekara yayin da babban birnin jihar, Raleigh, ke da matsakaicin inci 6.0 (mm 150 mm).  Nisa zuwa yamma a cikin Piedmont-Triad, matsakaicin yana girma zuwa kusan inci 9 (230 mm).  Matsakaicin yankin Charlotte kusan inci 5.0 (mm130 mm).  Garin Boone, [[North Carolina]], wanda yake a tsayin ƙafa 3,333 a arewa maso yammacin jihar, yana samun kusan inci 25 (635 mm) na saukar dusar ƙanƙara a shekara.[1]  Duwatsun da ke yamma suna aiki a matsayin shinge, suna hana yawancin guguwar dusar ƙanƙara shiga Piedmont.  Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta wuce tsaunuka, yawanci tana da haske kuma ba kasafai ake yin ta ba har tsawon kwanaki biyu ko uku.  Koyaya, guguwa da yawa sun sauke inci 18 (460 mm) ko fiye na dusar ƙanƙara a cikin wurare masu zafi na yau da kullun.  Guguwar Karni ta 1993 wacce ta dade daga 11 ga Maris zuwa 15 ga Maris ta shafi yankunan Kanada zuwa Amurka ta Tsakiya, kuma ta kawo dusar kankara ta musamman zuwa Arewacin Carolina.  Newfound Gap ya sami fiye da inci 36 (0.91 m) na dusar ƙanƙara tare da ɗigo sama da ƙafa 5 (1.5 m), yayin da Dutsen Mitchell ya auna sama da ƙafa 4 (1.2 m) na dusar ƙanƙara tare da ɗigon ruwa zuwa ƙafa 14 (4.3 m).[2]  Yawancin yankin arewa maso yammacin jihar sun sami wani wuri tsakanin ƙafa biyu (0.61 m) da ƙafa 3 (0.91 m) na dusar ƙanƙara.

Wani gagarumin saukar dusar ƙanƙara ya faɗo yankin Raleigh a cikin Janairu 2000 lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi sama da inci 20 (510 mm).[1]  Haka kuma an yi wani babban dusar ƙanƙara mai faɗin inci 18 (460 mm) wanda ya faɗo yankin Wilmington a ranar 22-23 ga Disamba, 1989. Wannan guguwar ta shafi gabar tekun Kudu maso Gabashin Amurka kawai, har zuwa kudu da Savannah, Georgia, ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba da aka auna yammacin I-95.  Yawancin manyan dusar ƙanƙara da ke tasiri yankunan gabashin tsaunuka sun fito ne daga mahaukaciyar guguwa mai zafi wanda ke zuwa daga kudu a fadin Georgia da [[South Carolina]] kuma ya tashi daga gabar Arewa ko Kudancin Carolina.  Waɗannan guguwa yawanci suna jefa danshin Gulf ko Atlantic akan iska mai sanyi a matakin ƙasa, yawanci suna motsawa zuwa kudu daga babban matsin Arctic akan jihohin Arewa maso Gabas ko New England.  Idan guguwa ta yi nisa sosai zuwa gabas, dusar ƙanƙara za ta iyakance zuwa gabashin jihar (kamar yadda yake tare da Disamba 22-23, 1989, haɗari, da Janairu 4, 2018, guguwar da ta bar inci 4 a Cape Hatteras, amma kusan babu dusar ƙanƙara a cikin yankunan Arewacin Carolina).  Idan guguwar ta yi tafiya kusa da bakin teku, za a ja iska mai dumi zuwa gabashin Arewacin Carolina saboda karuwar kwararar ruwa daga Tekun Atlantika mai zurfi, yana kawo layin ruwan sama / dusar ƙanƙara a cikin ƙasa tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai nauyi da aka iyakance zuwa Piedmont, tuddai da tsaunuka, kamar yadda aka yi a ranar 22 ga Janairu, 1987, hadari wanda ya faɗi inci 6 a Charlotte.  Idan guguwar ta bi cikin gida zuwa gabashin Arewacin Carolina, layin ruwan sama/ dusar ƙanƙara yana tsakanin Raleigh da Greensboro.[2]
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:120%;background:#E8EAFA;&quot; |Matsakaicin dusar ƙanƙara na kowane wata
|-
! height=&quot;17&quot; style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color: #000000&quot; |Birni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jan
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Fabrairu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Tekun
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Afrilu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Mayu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Yuni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Yuli
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Aug
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Satumba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Oktoba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Nuwamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Disamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jimillar
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Asheville
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.7|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.7|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|15.6|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Cape Hatteras
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Charlotte
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.7|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.1|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.5|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.5|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Greensboro
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.8|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.1|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.8|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|7.5|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Raleigh
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.3|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.1|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.8|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;v background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |{{Convert|7|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Wilmington
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.5|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
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| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.9|in|cm}}
|-
|}

== Guguwa mai zafi ==
[[Fayil:Fran 1996-09-04 1715Z.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Guguwar Fran]]
Da yake tare da Tekun Atlantika, guguwa da yawa da ke fitowa daga Tekun Caribbean suna tafiya tare da Gabashin Gabashin Amurka, suna wucewa ta Arewacin Carolina.
[[Fayil:Floyd_1999_rainfall.gif|right|thumb|253x253px|Ruwan sama daga Guguwar Floyd a cikin 1999]]
A ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 1954, Guguwar Hazel ta buge Arewacin Carolina, a wannan lokacin guguwa ce ta Category 4 a cikin Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Hazel ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa saboda iskarsa mai ƙarfi. Wani tashar yanayi a Tsibirin Oak ya ba da rahoton matsakaicin iska mai ɗorewa na mil 140 a kowace awa (230 km / h), yayin da a Raleigh iska ta mil 90 a kowace awa (140 km / h) an auna. Guguwar ta haifar da mutuwar mutane 19 da  mummunar lalacewa. Mutum daya a Long Beach ya yi iƙirarin cewa &quot;daga cikin gine-gine 357 da suka wanzu a garin, 352 sun lalace gaba ɗaya kuma sauran biyar sun lalace&quot;. An bayyana Hazel a matsayin &quot;guguwa mafi muni a tarihin Arewacin Carolina&quot; a cikin rahoton 1989. Hazel ya kasance guguwa ce kawai ta Category 4 da ta taɓa sauka a Arewacin Carolina.

A cikin 1996, Guguwar Fran ta sauka a Arewacin Carolina a matsayin guguwa ta Category 3. Fran ya haifar da mummunar lalacewar iska da ambaliyar ruwa. Matsakaicin saurin iska na Fran ya kasance mil 115 a kowace awa (185 km / h), yayin da bakin tekun Arewacin Carolina ya ga hauhawar ƙafa 8 (2.4  zuwa ƙafa 12 (3.7  sama da matakin teku. Adadin lalacewar da Fran ya haifar ya kasance daga $ 1.275 zuwa $ 2 biliyan a Arewacin Carolina.

A cikin 2018, guguwar Florence ta yi kasa a Arewacin Carolina a matsayin guguwa mai lamba 1.  Ko da yake guguwar da ba ta da iyaka a faɗuwar ƙasa dangane da saurin iskar, jinkirin motsin Florence da ke kaiwa da kuma bin faɗuwar ƙasa ya ba da gudummawa ga dagewar da ake yi na ruwan sama a kan Arewacin Carolina tsakanin Wilmington da Elizabethtown.  Horar da igiyoyin ruwan sama a kan wurare guda ya haifar da tarin ruwan sama da ya wuce inci 30 (760 mm), kuma yawan ruwan sama ya wuce inci 10 (250 mm) a kan yawancin kudu maso gabas da kudu-ta-tsakiyar Arewacin Carolina.  An yi rikodin yawan ruwan sama mai girman inci 35.93 (913 mm) a nisan mil 7 (kilomita 11) arewa maso yammacin Elizabethtown, wanda ya kafa sabon tarihi na yawan ruwan sama da aka samu sakamakon guguwar yanayi mai zafi.  Haduwar barnar guguwar Floyd da guguwar Matthew a jihar, a cewar gwamna Roy Cooper.  Kiyasin asarar inshora a Arewacin Carolina ya kai tsakanin dalar Amurka biliyan 2.8-5.[2]  Ambaliyar ruwa mai alaka da guguwar ta lalata kusan gine-gine 75,000, wadanda da yawa daga cikinsu guguwar Matthew ta lalata su a baya shekaru biyu kacal.

A cikin 2024, guguwar Helene ta yi mummunar tasiri a Arewacin Carolina, musamman a yankinta na yammacin Appalachian, wanda ya haifar da mutuwar sama da 100 da kuma lalata abubuwan more rayuwa da wuraren zama a cikin larduna da yawa.[1]  Bayan yin kasa a yankin Big Bend na [[Florida]] a ranar 27 ga Satumba, guguwar ta fara ratsa ƙasa a fadin Georgia a matsayin guguwa ta 2 [2] da kuma cikin tsaunin Appalachian a matsayin hadari mai zafi mai zafi, yana kawo rikodi na ruwan sama ga yawancin al'ummomi a yammacin Arewacin Carolina, ciki har da Asheville, Boone, Chimney Rock, Lakewannan Lure, Lansing, da kuma Lake Montan, Lansing..

A sakamakon ruwan sama na tarihi, koguna da yawa a yankin sun cika kuma sun mamaye dukkan al'ummomi, suna lalata gidaje da ababen more rayuwa, da kuma yanke wutar lantarki da sabis na sadarwa a cikin yankuna da yawa na dogon lokaci. Bugu da kari, an rushe madatsun ruwa da yawa kuma laka ya faru a duk fadin yankin, yana kara lalacewar da ke akwai.

A cewar masanin yanayi Ben Noll, guguwar Helene ta sake fitar da danshi kusan sau 1.5 a yammacin North Carolina fiye da duk wani abin da ya faru a baya da aka yi rikodin a yankin, tare da kiyasin jigilar jigilar tururi na ~ 3,000 kilos a kowace mita a sakan daya.  Helene ta zarce rikodin da ya gabata na 1,883 kg/m/s.  An yi la'akari da adadin danshi da ruwan sama da aka ajiye a yankin na musamman saboda wurin da yake cikin kasa, nesa da gabar Gabas da gabar Tekun Fasha.f.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2 October 2024 |title=We’re only beginning to understand the historic nature of Helene’s flooding |url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2024/09/were-only-beginning-to-understand-the-historic-nature-of-helenes-flooding/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=arstechnica.com |publisher=[[Ars Technica]] |language=en-US |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ofishin Yanayi na Jihar North Carolina a Jami'ar Jihar North Caroline ya ba da rahoton cewa Tashar yanayi ta Mount Mitchell ta rubuta {{Convert|24.41|in|mm}} a (620  na ruwan sama.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=September 2024 National Climate Report {{!}} National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/national/202409 |access-date=2024-11-25 |website=www.ncei.noaa.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ofishin ya kira jimlar a matsayin &quot;daga sigogi&quot;, yana kwatanta shi da {{Convert|16.5|in|mm}} in (420  na ruwan sama yana da ambaliyar ruwa sau ɗaya a cikin shekara 1,000 ga yankin. Filin jirgin saman yankin Asheville ya rubuta {{Convert|19.38|in|mm}} in (492  na ruwan sama kafin gazawar sadarwa. Wani tashar kula da gandun daji ta Arewacin Carolina ya rubuta karɓar {{Convert|31.33|in|mm}} a (796  na ruwan sama daga Satumba 25 zuwa Satumba 27, yana buƙatar ƙarin tabbatarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-10-03 |title=Helene aftermath: Biden directs up to 1,000 soldiers to assist in aid efforts; 190 dead in storm aftermath |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/weather/live-blog/hurricane-helene-live-updates-rcna173577 |access-date=2024-11-25 |website=NBC News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ruwan sama ===
Ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya yana tare da guguwa mai zafi da ragowarsu wadanda ke tafiya arewa maso gabas daga gabar tekun Mexico, da kuma cikin kasa daga yammacin tekun Atlantika.  A cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata, guguwar mafi zafi da ta afkawa jihar ita ce guguwar Florence a watan Satumbar 2018, wadda ta yi kasa da inci 35 (mm) na ruwan sama a arewa maso yammacin Elizabethtown.  A lokacin guguwa Hazel da Fran, babban ƙarfin halaka ya kasance daga hazo.  Kafin guguwar Floyd ta isa North Carolina, tuni jihar ta samu ruwan sama mai yawa daga guguwar Dennis kasa da makonni biyu kafin Floyd.  Wannan ya cika da yawa daga cikin yammacin Arewacin Carolina kuma ya ba da damar ruwan sama mai karfi daga Hurricane Floyd ya zama ambaliya.  Fiye da mutane 35 sun mutu daga Floyd.[1]  A cikin tsaunuka, guguwar Frances na Satumba 2004 ta kusan jika, ta kawo sama da inci 23 (580 mm) na ruwan sama zuwa Dutsen Mitchell.
[[Fayil:Tornado_Alley.gif|right|thumb|200x200px|Ayyukan guguwa a Amurka]]

== Yanayi mai tsanani ==
A mafi yawan shekaru, babbar asarar tattalin arziki da ta shafi yanayi a Arewacin Carolina saboda mummunan yanayi da aka haifar da tsawa ta lokacin rani. Wadannan guguwa suna shafar yankuna masu iyaka, tare da ƙanƙara da iska suna da asarar shekara-shekara sama da dala miliyan 5.

Arewacin Carolina yana da matsakaicin guguwa 31 a shekara, tare da Mayu yawanci yana ganin mafi yawan guguwa na kowane wata, tare da matsakaitan 5. Yuni, Yuli da Agusta duk suna da matsakaicin guguwa 3. Matsakaicin a watan Satumba yana ƙaruwa dan kadan, yana da matsakaicin 4. Daga Satumba zuwa farkon Nuwamba, Arewacin Carolina na iya fuskantar ƙananan yanayi amma mai tsanani. Duk da yake mummunan yanayi yawanci yana faruwa daga Maris zuwa Mayu, guguwa ta taɓa Arewacin Carolina a kowane wata na shekara. A ranar 28 ga Nuwamba, 1988, wata guguwa ta F4 da sassafe ta fashe a arewa maso yammacin Raleigh, ta ci gaba da mil 84, ta kashe 4 kuma ta ji rauni 157. A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2020, guguwa mai tsanani ta mamaye Arewacin Carolina, tare da guguwa da ta fara a Rowan County, arewacin Charlotte. yayin da yake tafiya zuwa arewa, saurin iska ya kai kilomita 30 a kowace awa. Da karfe 4:00 na yamma lokacin yankin, mutane 100,000 ba su da wutar lantarki kuma gargadi na ambaliyar ruwa ya fara aiki ga yawancin yankin saboda ruwan sama mai yawa. Bayan taron farko, agogon ambaliyar ruwa ya ci gaba da aiki har zuwa ranar 13 ga Fabrairu sakamakon wuraren da aka cika.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Canje-canje ==
[[Fayil:NCOuterBanks-EO.jpg|right|thumb|223x223px|Yawancin Bankunan waje da na ciki na Arewacin Carolina na iya kasancewa a ko ƙasa da matakin teku.]]
Ana sa ran bakin tekun Arewacin Carolina zai tashi tsakanin ƙafa ɗaya zuwa huɗu a cikin ƙarni na gaba saboda haɗuwa da teku mai zafi, narkewar kankara, da raguwar ƙasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;WhatItMeans2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 2016 |title=What climate change means for North Carolina |url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/climate-change-nc.pdf |access-date=28 February 2020 |website=EPA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yanayin zafi a Arewacin Carolina ya tashi tun lokacin [[Industrial Revolution|Juyin Juya Halin Masana'antu]]. A cikin shekaru 100 da suka gabata, matsakaicin zafin jiki a Chapel Hill ya karu da 1.2 ° F (0.7 ° C) kuma hazo a wasu sassan jihar ya karu da kashi 5. A kusa da shekara ta 2080, &quot;zafin jiki na iya tashi sama da 95 ° F kusan kwanaki 20 zuwa 40 a kowace shekara a mafi yawan jihar, idan aka kwatanta da kimanin kwanaki 10 a kowace shekara&quot; a cikin 2016.&lt;ref name=&quot;WhatItMeans2016&quot; /&gt;

== Yanayin yanayi ==

=== Lokacin hunturu ===
A cikin hunturu, Arewacin Carolina yana da kariya ta Dutsen Appalachian zuwa yamma. Yankunan sanyi daga [[Kanada]] yawanci suna raguwa da ƙarfi ta hanyar duwatsu. Koyaya, wani lokaci iska mai sanyi na iya motsawa daga arewa ko arewa maso gabas, gabashin Dutsen Appalachian, daga tsarin matsin lamba na Arctic wanda ke zaune a Arewa maso gabas ko jihohin New England. Sauran barkewar polar da Arctic na iya haye duwatsu kuma ya tilasta yanayin zafi ya sauka zuwa kusan {{Convert|12|°F|°C}} ° F (-11 ° C) a tsakiyar North Carolina. Duk da haka, yanayin zafi a ƙasa da digiri na Fahrenheit yana da matukar wuya a waje da duwatsu. Mafi sanyi da aka taɓa yin rikodin zafin jiki a Arewacin Carolina ya kasance -34 ° F (-37 ° C) a ranar 21 ga Janairu, 1985, a Dutsen Mitchell. Yanayin hunturu a bakin tekun ya fi sauƙi saboda tasirin zafi na Tekun Atlantika da Gulf Stream. Matsakaicin zafin teku a Southport a watan Janairu har yanzu ya fi matsakaicin zabin teku a Maine a watan Yuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt; Snow ya zama ruwan dare a cikin duwatsu, kodayake yawancin wuraren shakatawa na kankara suna amfani da kayan aikin yin dusar ƙanƙara don tabbatar da cewa koyaushe akwai dusar ƙara a ƙasarsu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt; Rashin zafi na Arewacin Carolina ya fi girma a cikin hunturu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt;

=== Lokacin bazara ===
Wataƙila guguwa tana cikin bazara. Manyan barkewar guguwa sun shafi sassan gabashin North Carolina a ranar 28 ga Maris, 1984, da 16 ga Afrilu, 2011. Watan Mayu yana fuskantar mafi girman hauhawar yanayin zafi. A lokacin bazara, akwai kwanaki masu dumi da dare masu sanyi a Piedmont. Yanayin zafi yana da ɗan sanyi a cikin duwatsu kuma yana da dumi, musamman da dare, kusa da bakin teku. Rashin zafi na Arewacin Carolina ya fi ƙasa a cikin bazara.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt;
[[Fayil:Harris_Lake_Highlands.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Harris Lake a cikin Highlands, North Carolina a lokacin faɗuwa]]
Arewacin Carolina yana fuskantar yanayin zafi na lokacin rani. Wani lokaci, iska mai sanyi, mai bushe daga arewa zai mamaye Arewacin Carolina na ɗan gajeren lokaci, tare da yanayin zafi da sauri. Ya kasance mai sanyi a tsaunuka masu tsawo, tare da matsakaicin zafin lokacin rani a Dutsen Mitchell yana kwance a {{Convert|68|°F|°C}} ° F (20 ° C). Yanayin safiya yana da matsakaicin 20 ° F (12 ° C) ƙasa da yanayin rana, sai dai a gefen Tekun Atlantika. Babban asarar tattalin arziki daga mummunan yanayi a Arewacin Carolina saboda tsawa mai tsanani ne a lokacin rani, kodayake yawanci suna buga kananan yankuna ne kawai.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt; Guguwa ta wurare masu zafi na iya tasiri ga jihar a lokacin rani. Fogs kuma suna da yawa a lokacin rani.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

Fall shine mafi saurin canza yanayin zafi, musamman a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba. Guguwa ta wurare masu zafi ta kasance barazana har zuwa ƙarshen kakar. Ana ziyartar Dutsen Appalachian akai-akai a wannan lokacin na shekara, saboda ganyayyaki suna canza launi a cikin bishiyoyi.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt;

=== Kudancin Oscillation ===
A lokacin abubuwan da suka faru na El Niño, yanayin hunturu da farkon bazara sun fi sanyi fiye da matsakaici tare da sama da matsakaicin ruwan sama a sassan tsakiya da gabashin jihar da kuma yanayin bushe a yammacin. La Niña yawanci yana kawo zafi fiye da matsakaicin yanayin zafi tare da sama da matsakaitan ruwan sama a yammacin jihar yayin da yankunan tsakiya da na bakin teku suka bushe fiye da matsakaici.

== Bayanan yanayi ==
 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable sort-under&quot;
|+Matsakaicin zafin jiki na kowane wata (Fahrenheit) 
! style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Gine-gine
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Jan
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Fabrairu
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Tekun
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Afrilu
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Mayu
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Yuni
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Yuli
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Aug
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Satumba
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Oktoba
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Nuwamba
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Disamba
|- style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot; |Asheville
|46/26
|50/28
|58/35
|66/42
|74/51
|80/58
|83/63
|82/62
|76/55
|67/43
|57/35
|49/29
|- style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot; |Cape Hatteras
|54/39
|55/39
|60/44
|68/52
|75/60
|82/68
|85/73
|85/72
|81/68
|73/59
|65/50
|57/43
|- style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot; |Charlotte
|51/32
|56/34
|64/42
|73/49
|80/58
|87/66
|90/71
|88/69
|82/63
|73/51
|63/42
|54/35
|- style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot; |Greensboro
|47/28
|52/31
|60/38
|70/46
|77/55
|84/64
|88/68
|86/67
|79/60
|70/48
|60/39
|51/31
|- style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot; |Raleigh
|50/30
|54/32
|62/39
|72/46
|79/55
|86/64
|89/68
|87/67
|81/61
|72/48
|62/40
|53/33
|- style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot; |Wilmington
|56/36
|60/38
|66/44
|74/51
|81/60
|86/68
|90/72
|88/71
|84/66
|76/54
|68/45
|60/38
|}
{{Weather box}}

== Manazarta ==
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>126n9npo2u5qlbfupvv7ssfzcpt40xm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969812</id>
      <parentid>969736</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:39:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>/* Guguwa mai zafi */</comment>
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      <text bytes="32633" sha1="08fw9upnuf8kf6ix0eysp64hq2ngnmh" xml:space="preserve">[[Fayil:Köppen_Climate_Types_North_Carolina.png|thumb|400x400px|[[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Nau'ikan yanayi na Köppen]] na Arewacin Carolina, ta amfani da yanayin yanayi na 1991-2020.]]
Yanayin Arewacin Carolina ya bambanta sosai daga Tekun Atlantika a gabas zuwa tsaunin Appalachian a yamma.  Duwatsu sukan yi aiki a matsayin &quot;garkuwa&quot;, suna toshe ƙananan yanayin zafi da guguwa daga Kanada da Midwest daga shiga Piedmont da Coastal Plain na Arewacin Carolina..

Yawancin jihar suna da [[Yanayin zafi mai zafi]] (Köppen climate classification ''Cfa''), sai dai a cikin tsaunuka mafi girma na Appalachians waɗanda ke da yanayin subtropical highland (Köpp ''Cfb'').

Yankunan Hardness na USDA na jihar sun kasance daga Yankin 5B (-15 ° F zuwa -10 ° F) a cikin duwatsu zuwa Yankin 9A (20 ° F zuwa 25 ° F) tare da sassan gabashin bakin teku.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=North Carolina USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map |url=https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov |access-date=November 19, 2023 |publisher=USDA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ga mafi yawan yankuna na Arewacin Carolina, yanayin zafi a watan Yuli a lokacin rana kusan {{Convert|90|F|C}} ° F (32 ° C). A watan Janairu, matsakaicin yanayin zafi na rana na iya bambanta a fadin jihar, daga kimanin 40 ° F (4 ° C) a cikin tsaunuka mafi girma na Appalachians, kusa da 50 ° F (10 ° C) na yankin Piedmont, zuwa kusan 60 ° F (16 ° C) tare da yankunan kudu maso gabashin gabar jihar.

== Ruwan sama ==
Akwai matsakaicin inci 45 na ruwan sama a shekara (50 inci a yankunan tsaunuka). Guguwar Yuli tana da alhakin yawancin wannan hazo. Kusan kashi 15 cikin dari na ruwan sama a lokacin zafi a Arewacin Carolina ana iya danganta shi da guguwa na wurare masu zafi. Duwatsun yamma yawanci suna ganin dusar ƙanƙara tsakanin Nuwamba da Maris. Iska mai laushi daga kudu maso yamma ya sauka da matsakaicin inci 80 (2,000  na hazo a gefen yammacin tsaunuka, yayin da gangaren da ke fuskantar arewa maso gabas ke ƙasa da rabin wannan adadin.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:120%;background:#E8EAFA;&quot; |Matsakaicin ruwan sama na kowane wata
|-
! height=&quot;17&quot; style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color: #000000&quot; |Birni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jan
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Fabrairu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Tekun
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:green;&quot; |Afrilu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:bronze;&quot; |Mayu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:purple;&quot; |Yuni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:red;&quot; |Yuli
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Aug
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Satumba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Oktoba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Nuwamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Disamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jimillar
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Asheville
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|38.1|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Cape Hatteras
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|6.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|56.9|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Charlotte
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|43|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Greensboro
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|42.2|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Raleigh
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|41.8|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Wilmington
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|7.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|55|in|mm}}
|-
|}

=== Snow ===
[[Fayil:1993_Storm_of_the_Century_Asheville,_North_Carolina_snowfall.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Itace da ya fadi a Asheville, North Carolina wanda ya haifar da dusar ƙanƙara daga 1993 Storm of the Century1993 Guguwar Karni]]
Ana ganin dusar ƙanƙara a [[Arewacin Carolina]] akai-akai a cikin tsaunuka.  Arewacin Carolina yana matsakaicin inci 5 (mm 130) na dusar ƙanƙara a kowane lokacin hunturu.  Koyaya, wannan ya bambanta sosai a duk faɗin jihar.  A gefen tekun, yawancin wuraren yin rajistar ƙasa da inci 2 (51 mm) a kowace shekara yayin da babban birnin jihar, Raleigh, ke da matsakaicin inci 6.0 (mm 150 mm).  Nisa zuwa yamma a cikin Piedmont-Triad, matsakaicin yana girma zuwa kusan inci 9 (230 mm).  Matsakaicin yankin Charlotte kusan inci 5.0 (mm130 mm).  Garin Boone, [[North Carolina]], wanda yake a tsayin ƙafa 3,333 a arewa maso yammacin jihar, yana samun kusan inci 25 (635 mm) na saukar dusar ƙanƙara a shekara.[1]  Duwatsun da ke yamma suna aiki a matsayin shinge, suna hana yawancin guguwar dusar ƙanƙara shiga Piedmont.  Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta wuce tsaunuka, yawanci tana da haske kuma ba kasafai ake yin ta ba har tsawon kwanaki biyu ko uku.  Koyaya, guguwa da yawa sun sauke inci 18 (460 mm) ko fiye na dusar ƙanƙara a cikin wurare masu zafi na yau da kullun.  Guguwar Karni ta 1993 wacce ta dade daga 11 ga Maris zuwa 15 ga Maris ta shafi yankunan Kanada zuwa Amurka ta Tsakiya, kuma ta kawo dusar kankara ta musamman zuwa Arewacin Carolina.  Newfound Gap ya sami fiye da inci 36 (0.91 m) na dusar ƙanƙara tare da ɗigo sama da ƙafa 5 (1.5 m), yayin da Dutsen Mitchell ya auna sama da ƙafa 4 (1.2 m) na dusar ƙanƙara tare da ɗigon ruwa zuwa ƙafa 14 (4.3 m).[2]  Yawancin yankin arewa maso yammacin jihar sun sami wani wuri tsakanin ƙafa biyu (0.61 m) da ƙafa 3 (0.91 m) na dusar ƙanƙara.

Wani gagarumin saukar dusar ƙanƙara ya faɗo yankin Raleigh a cikin Janairu 2000 lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi sama da inci 20 (510 mm).[1]  Haka kuma an yi wani babban dusar ƙanƙara mai faɗin inci 18 (460 mm) wanda ya faɗo yankin Wilmington a ranar 22-23 ga Disamba, 1989. Wannan guguwar ta shafi gabar tekun Kudu maso Gabashin Amurka kawai, har zuwa kudu da Savannah, Georgia, ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba da aka auna yammacin I-95.  Yawancin manyan dusar ƙanƙara da ke tasiri yankunan gabashin tsaunuka sun fito ne daga mahaukaciyar guguwa mai zafi wanda ke zuwa daga kudu a fadin Georgia da [[South Carolina]] kuma ya tashi daga gabar Arewa ko Kudancin Carolina.  Waɗannan guguwa yawanci suna jefa danshin Gulf ko Atlantic akan iska mai sanyi a matakin ƙasa, yawanci suna motsawa zuwa kudu daga babban matsin Arctic akan jihohin Arewa maso Gabas ko New England.  Idan guguwa ta yi nisa sosai zuwa gabas, dusar ƙanƙara za ta iyakance zuwa gabashin jihar (kamar yadda yake tare da Disamba 22-23, 1989, haɗari, da Janairu 4, 2018, guguwar da ta bar inci 4 a Cape Hatteras, amma kusan babu dusar ƙanƙara a cikin yankunan Arewacin Carolina).  Idan guguwar ta yi tafiya kusa da bakin teku, za a ja iska mai dumi zuwa gabashin Arewacin Carolina saboda karuwar kwararar ruwa daga Tekun Atlantika mai zurfi, yana kawo layin ruwan sama / dusar ƙanƙara a cikin ƙasa tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai nauyi da aka iyakance zuwa Piedmont, tuddai da tsaunuka, kamar yadda aka yi a ranar 22 ga Janairu, 1987, hadari wanda ya faɗi inci 6 a Charlotte.  Idan guguwar ta bi cikin gida zuwa gabashin Arewacin Carolina, layin ruwan sama/ dusar ƙanƙara yana tsakanin Raleigh da Greensboro.[2]
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:120%;background:#E8EAFA;&quot; |Matsakaicin dusar ƙanƙara na kowane wata
|-
! height=&quot;17&quot; style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color: #000000&quot; |Birni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jan
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Fabrairu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Tekun
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Afrilu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Mayu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Yuni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Yuli
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Aug
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Satumba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Oktoba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Nuwamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Disamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jimillar
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Asheville
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.7|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.7|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|15.6|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Cape Hatteras
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Charlotte
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.7|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.1|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.5|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.5|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Greensboro
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.8|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.1|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.8|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|7.5|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Raleigh
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.3|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.1|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.8|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;v background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |{{Convert|7|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Wilmington
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.5|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.9|in|cm}}
|-
|}

== Guguwa mai zafi ==
[[Fayil:Fran 1996-09-04 1715Z.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Guguwar Fran]]
Da yake tare da Tekun Atlantika, guguwa da yawa da ke fitowa daga Tekun Caribbean suna tafiya tare da Gabashin Gabashin Amurka, suna wucewa ta Arewacin Carolina.
[[Fayil:Floyd_1999_rainfall.gif|right|thumb|253x253px|Ruwan sama daga Guguwar Floyd a cikin 1999]]
A ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 1954, Guguwar Hazel ta buge Arewacin Carolina, a wannan lokacin guguwa ce ta Category 4 a cikin Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Hazel ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa saboda iskarsa mai ƙarfi. Wani tashar yanayi a Tsibirin Oak ya ba da rahoton matsakaicin iska mai ɗorewa na mil 140 a kowace awa (230 km / h), yayin da a Raleigh iska ta mil 90 a kowace awa (140 km / h) an auna. Guguwar ta haifar da mutuwar mutane 19 da  mummunar lalacewa. Mutum daya a Long Beach ya yi iƙirarin cewa &quot;daga cikin gine-gine 357 da suka wanzu a garin, 352 sun lalace gaba ɗaya kuma sauran biyar sun lalace&quot;. An bayyana Hazel a matsayin &quot;guguwa mafi muni a tarihin Arewacin Carolina&quot; a cikin rahoton 1989. Hazel ya kasance guguwa ce kawai ta Category 4 da ta taɓa sauka a Arewacin Carolina.

A cikin shekarar alif 1996, Guguwar Fran ta sauka a Arewacin Carolina a matsayin guguwa ta Category 3. Fran ya haifar da mummunar lalacewar iska da ambaliyar ruwa. Matsakaicin saurin iska na Fran ya kasance mil 115 a kowace awa (185 km / h), yayin da bakin tekun Arewacin Carolina ya ga hauhawar ƙafa 8 (2.4  zuwa ƙafa 12 (3.7  sama da matakin teku. Adadin lalacewar da Fran ya haifar ya kasance daga $ 1.275 zuwa $ 2 biliyan a Arewacin Carolina.

A cikin shekarar 2018, guguwar Florence ta yi kasa a Arewacin Carolina a matsayin guguwa mai lamba 1.  Ko da yake guguwar da ba ta da iyaka a faɗuwar ƙasa dangane da saurin iskar, jinkirin motsin Florence da ke kaiwa da kuma bin faɗuwar ƙasa ya ba da gudummawa ga dagewar da ake yi na ruwan sama a kan Arewacin Carolina tsakanin Wilmington da Elizabethtown.  Horar da igiyoyin ruwan sama a kan wurare guda ya haifar da tarin ruwan sama da ya wuce inci 30 (760 mm), kuma yawan ruwan sama ya wuce inci 10 (250 mm) a kan yawancin kudu maso gabas da kudu-ta-tsakiyar Arewacin Carolina.  An yi rikodin yawan ruwan sama mai girman inci 35.93 (913 mm) a nisan mil 7 (kilomita 11) arewa maso yammacin Elizabethtown, wanda ya kafa sabon tarihi na yawan ruwan sama da aka samu sakamakon guguwar yanayi mai zafi.  Haduwar barnar guguwar Floyd da guguwar Matthew a jihar, a cewar gwamna Roy Cooper.  Kiyasin asarar inshora a Arewacin Carolina ya kai tsakanin dalar Amurka biliyan 2.8-5.[2]  Ambaliyar ruwa mai alaka da guguwar ta lalata kusan gine-gine 75,000, wadanda da yawa daga cikinsu guguwar Matthew ta lalata su a baya shekaru biyu kacal.

A cikin 2024, guguwar Helene ta yi mummunar tasiri a Arewacin Carolina, musamman a yankinta na yammacin Appalachian, wanda ya haifar da mutuwar sama da 100 da kuma lalata abubuwan more rayuwa da wuraren zama a cikin larduna da yawa.[1]  Bayan yin kasa a yankin Big Bend na [[Florida]] a ranar 27 ga Satumba, guguwar ta fara ratsa ƙasa a fadin Georgia a matsayin guguwa ta 2 [2] da kuma cikin tsaunin Appalachian a matsayin hadari mai zafi mai zafi, yana kawo rikodi na ruwan sama ga yawancin al'ummomi a yammacin Arewacin Carolina, ciki har da Asheville, Boone, Chimney Rock, Lakewannan Lure, Lansing, da kuma Lake Montan, Lansing..

A sakamakon ruwan sama na tarihi, koguna da yawa a yankin sun cika kuma sun mamaye dukkan al'ummomi, suna lalata gidaje da ababen more rayuwa, da kuma yanke wutar lantarki da sabis na sadarwa a cikin yankuna da yawa na dogon lokaci. Bugu da kari, an rushe madatsun ruwa da yawa kuma laka ya faru a duk fadin yankin, yana kara lalacewar da ke akwai.

A cewar masanin yanayi Ben Noll, guguwar Helene ta sake fitar da danshi kusan sau 1.5 a yammacin North Carolina fiye da duk wani abin da ya faru a baya da aka yi rikodin a yankin, tare da kiyasin jigilar jigilar tururi na ~ 3,000 kilos a kowace mita a sakan daya.  Helene ta zarce rikodin da ya gabata na 1,883 kg/m/s.  An yi la'akari da adadin danshi da ruwan sama da aka ajiye a yankin na musamman saboda wurin da yake cikin kasa, nesa da gabar Gabas da gabar Tekun Fasha.f.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2 October 2024 |title=We’re only beginning to understand the historic nature of Helene’s flooding |url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2024/09/were-only-beginning-to-understand-the-historic-nature-of-helenes-flooding/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=arstechnica.com |publisher=[[Ars Technica]] |language=en-US |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ofishin Yanayi na Jihar North Carolina a Jami'ar Jihar North Caroline ya ba da rahoton cewa Tashar yanayi ta Mount Mitchell ta rubuta {{Convert|24.41|in|mm}} a (620  na ruwan sama.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=September 2024 National Climate Report {{!}} National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/national/202409 |access-date=2024-11-25 |website=www.ncei.noaa.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ofishin ya kira jimlar a matsayin &quot;daga sigogi&quot;, yana kwatanta shi da {{Convert|16.5|in|mm}} in (420  na ruwan sama yana da ambaliyar ruwa sau ɗaya a cikin shekara 1,000 ga yankin. Filin jirgin saman yankin Asheville ya rubuta {{Convert|19.38|in|mm}} in (492  na ruwan sama kafin gazawar sadarwa. Wani tashar kula da gandun daji ta Arewacin Carolina ya rubuta karɓar {{Convert|31.33|in|mm}} a (796  na ruwan sama daga Satumba 25 zuwa Satumba 27, yana buƙatar ƙarin tabbatarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-10-03 |title=Helene aftermath: Biden directs up to 1,000 soldiers to assist in aid efforts; 190 dead in storm aftermath |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/weather/live-blog/hurricane-helene-live-updates-rcna173577 |access-date=2024-11-25 |website=NBC News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ruwan sama ===
Ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya yana tare da guguwa mai zafi da ragowarsu wadanda ke tafiya arewa maso gabas daga gabar tekun Mexico, da kuma cikin kasa daga yammacin tekun Atlantika.  A cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata, guguwar mafi zafi da ta afkawa jihar ita ce guguwar Florence a watan Satumbar 2018, wadda ta yi kasa da inci 35 (mm) na ruwan sama a arewa maso yammacin Elizabethtown.  A lokacin guguwa Hazel da Fran, babban ƙarfin halaka ya kasance daga hazo.  Kafin guguwar Floyd ta isa North Carolina, tuni jihar ta samu ruwan sama mai yawa daga guguwar Dennis kasa da makonni biyu kafin Floyd.  Wannan ya cika da yawa daga cikin yammacin Arewacin Carolina kuma ya ba da damar ruwan sama mai karfi daga Hurricane Floyd ya zama ambaliya.  Fiye da mutane 35 sun mutu daga Floyd.[1]  A cikin tsaunuka, guguwar Frances na Satumba 2004 ta kusan jika, ta kawo sama da inci 23 (580 mm) na ruwan sama zuwa Dutsen Mitchell.
[[Fayil:Tornado_Alley.gif|right|thumb|200x200px|Ayyukan guguwa a Amurka]]

== Yanayi mai tsanani ==
A mafi yawan shekaru, babbar asarar tattalin arziki da ta shafi yanayi a Arewacin Carolina saboda mummunan yanayi da aka haifar da tsawa ta lokacin rani. Wadannan guguwa suna shafar yankuna masu iyaka, tare da ƙanƙara da iska suna da asarar shekara-shekara sama da dala miliyan 5.

Arewacin Carolina yana da matsakaicin guguwa 31 a shekara, tare da Mayu yawanci yana ganin mafi yawan guguwa na kowane wata, tare da matsakaitan 5. Yuni, Yuli da Agusta duk suna da matsakaicin guguwa 3. Matsakaicin a watan Satumba yana ƙaruwa dan kadan, yana da matsakaicin 4. Daga Satumba zuwa farkon Nuwamba, Arewacin Carolina na iya fuskantar ƙananan yanayi amma mai tsanani. Duk da yake mummunan yanayi yawanci yana faruwa daga Maris zuwa Mayu, guguwa ta taɓa Arewacin Carolina a kowane wata na shekara. A ranar 28 ga Nuwamba, 1988, wata guguwa ta F4 da sassafe ta fashe a arewa maso yammacin Raleigh, ta ci gaba da mil 84, ta kashe 4 kuma ta ji rauni 157. A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2020, guguwa mai tsanani ta mamaye Arewacin Carolina, tare da guguwa da ta fara a Rowan County, arewacin Charlotte. yayin da yake tafiya zuwa arewa, saurin iska ya kai kilomita 30 a kowace awa. Da karfe 4:00 na yamma lokacin yankin, mutane 100,000 ba su da wutar lantarki kuma gargadi na ambaliyar ruwa ya fara aiki ga yawancin yankin saboda ruwan sama mai yawa. Bayan taron farko, agogon ambaliyar ruwa ya ci gaba da aiki har zuwa ranar 13 ga Fabrairu sakamakon wuraren da aka cika.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Canje-canje ==
[[Fayil:NCOuterBanks-EO.jpg|right|thumb|223x223px|Yawancin Bankunan waje da na ciki na Arewacin Carolina na iya kasancewa a ko ƙasa da matakin teku.]]
Ana sa ran bakin tekun Arewacin Carolina zai tashi tsakanin ƙafa ɗaya zuwa huɗu a cikin ƙarni na gaba saboda haɗuwa da teku mai zafi, narkewar kankara, da raguwar ƙasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;WhatItMeans2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 2016 |title=What climate change means for North Carolina |url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/climate-change-nc.pdf |access-date=28 February 2020 |website=EPA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yanayin zafi a Arewacin Carolina ya tashi tun lokacin [[Industrial Revolution|Juyin Juya Halin Masana'antu]]. A cikin shekaru 100 da suka gabata, matsakaicin zafin jiki a Chapel Hill ya karu da 1.2 ° F (0.7 ° C) kuma hazo a wasu sassan jihar ya karu da kashi 5. A kusa da shekara ta 2080, &quot;zafin jiki na iya tashi sama da 95 ° F kusan kwanaki 20 zuwa 40 a kowace shekara a mafi yawan jihar, idan aka kwatanta da kimanin kwanaki 10 a kowace shekara&quot; a cikin 2016.&lt;ref name=&quot;WhatItMeans2016&quot; /&gt;

== Yanayin yanayi ==

=== Lokacin hunturu ===
A cikin hunturu, Arewacin Carolina yana da kariya ta Dutsen Appalachian zuwa yamma. Yankunan sanyi daga [[Kanada]] yawanci suna raguwa da ƙarfi ta hanyar duwatsu. Koyaya, wani lokaci iska mai sanyi na iya motsawa daga arewa ko arewa maso gabas, gabashin Dutsen Appalachian, daga tsarin matsin lamba na Arctic wanda ke zaune a Arewa maso gabas ko jihohin New England. Sauran barkewar polar da Arctic na iya haye duwatsu kuma ya tilasta yanayin zafi ya sauka zuwa kusan {{Convert|12|°F|°C}} ° F (-11 ° C) a tsakiyar North Carolina. Duk da haka, yanayin zafi a ƙasa da digiri na Fahrenheit yana da matukar wuya a waje da duwatsu. Mafi sanyi da aka taɓa yin rikodin zafin jiki a Arewacin Carolina ya kasance -34 ° F (-37 ° C) a ranar 21 ga Janairu, 1985, a Dutsen Mitchell. Yanayin hunturu a bakin tekun ya fi sauƙi saboda tasirin zafi na Tekun Atlantika da Gulf Stream. Matsakaicin zafin teku a Southport a watan Janairu har yanzu ya fi matsakaicin zabin teku a Maine a watan Yuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt; Snow ya zama ruwan dare a cikin duwatsu, kodayake yawancin wuraren shakatawa na kankara suna amfani da kayan aikin yin dusar ƙanƙara don tabbatar da cewa koyaushe akwai dusar ƙara a ƙasarsu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt; Rashin zafi na Arewacin Carolina ya fi girma a cikin hunturu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt;

=== Lokacin bazara ===
Wataƙila guguwa tana cikin bazara. Manyan barkewar guguwa sun shafi sassan gabashin North Carolina a ranar 28 ga Maris, 1984, da 16 ga Afrilu, 2011. Watan Mayu yana fuskantar mafi girman hauhawar yanayin zafi. A lokacin bazara, akwai kwanaki masu dumi da dare masu sanyi a Piedmont. Yanayin zafi yana da ɗan sanyi a cikin duwatsu kuma yana da dumi, musamman da dare, kusa da bakin teku. Rashin zafi na Arewacin Carolina ya fi ƙasa a cikin bazara.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt;
[[Fayil:Harris_Lake_Highlands.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Harris Lake a cikin Highlands, North Carolina a lokacin faɗuwa]]
Arewacin Carolina yana fuskantar yanayin zafi na lokacin rani. Wani lokaci, iska mai sanyi, mai bushe daga arewa zai mamaye Arewacin Carolina na ɗan gajeren lokaci, tare da yanayin zafi da sauri. Ya kasance mai sanyi a tsaunuka masu tsawo, tare da matsakaicin zafin lokacin rani a Dutsen Mitchell yana kwance a {{Convert|68|°F|°C}} ° F (20 ° C). Yanayin safiya yana da matsakaicin 20 ° F (12 ° C) ƙasa da yanayin rana, sai dai a gefen Tekun Atlantika. Babban asarar tattalin arziki daga mummunan yanayi a Arewacin Carolina saboda tsawa mai tsanani ne a lokacin rani, kodayake yawanci suna buga kananan yankuna ne kawai.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt; Guguwa ta wurare masu zafi na iya tasiri ga jihar a lokacin rani. Fogs kuma suna da yawa a lokacin rani.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

Fall shine mafi saurin canza yanayin zafi, musamman a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba. Guguwa ta wurare masu zafi ta kasance barazana har zuwa ƙarshen kakar. Ana ziyartar Dutsen Appalachian akai-akai a wannan lokacin na shekara, saboda ganyayyaki suna canza launi a cikin bishiyoyi.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt;

=== Kudancin Oscillation ===
A lokacin abubuwan da suka faru na El Niño, yanayin hunturu da farkon bazara sun fi sanyi fiye da matsakaici tare da sama da matsakaicin ruwan sama a sassan tsakiya da gabashin jihar da kuma yanayin bushe a yammacin. La Niña yawanci yana kawo zafi fiye da matsakaicin yanayin zafi tare da sama da matsakaitan ruwan sama a yammacin jihar yayin da yankunan tsakiya da na bakin teku suka bushe fiye da matsakaici.

== Bayanan yanayi ==
 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable sort-under&quot;
|+Matsakaicin zafin jiki na kowane wata (Fahrenheit) 
! style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Gine-gine
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Jan
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Fabrairu
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Tekun
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Afrilu
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Mayu
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Yuni
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Yuli
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Aug
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Satumba
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Oktoba
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Nuwamba
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Disamba
|- style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot; |Asheville
|46/26
|50/28
|58/35
|66/42
|74/51
|80/58
|83/63
|82/62
|76/55
|67/43
|57/35
|49/29
|- style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot; |Cape Hatteras
|54/39
|55/39
|60/44
|68/52
|75/60
|82/68
|85/73
|85/72
|81/68
|73/59
|65/50
|57/43
|- style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot; |Charlotte
|51/32
|56/34
|64/42
|73/49
|80/58
|87/66
|90/71
|88/69
|82/63
|73/51
|63/42
|54/35
|- style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot; |Greensboro
|47/28
|52/31
|60/38
|70/46
|77/55
|84/64
|88/68
|86/67
|79/60
|70/48
|60/39
|51/31
|- style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot; |Raleigh
|50/30
|54/32
|62/39
|72/46
|79/55
|86/64
|89/68
|87/67
|81/61
|72/48
|62/40
|53/33
|- style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot; |Wilmington
|56/36
|60/38
|66/44
|74/51
|81/60
|86/68
|90/72
|88/71
|84/66
|76/54
|68/45
|60/38
|}
{{Weather box}}

== Manazarta ==
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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        <username>Baby juuu</username>
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      <text bytes="32639" sha1="579blwzrb3irmudrm59xwsxp43hdk69" xml:space="preserve">[[Fayil:Köppen_Climate_Types_North_Carolina.png|thumb|400x400px|[[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Nau'ikan yanayi na Köppen]] na Arewacin Carolina, ta amfani da yanayin yanayi na 1991-2020.]]
Yanayin Arewacin Carolina ya bambanta sosai daga Tekun Atlantika a gabas zuwa tsaunin Appalachian a yamma.  Duwatsu sukan yi aiki a matsayin &quot;garkuwa&quot;, suna toshe ƙananan yanayin zafi da guguwa daga Kanada da Midwest daga shiga Piedmont da Coastal Plain na Arewacin Carolina..

Yawancin jihar suna da [[Yanayin zafi mai zafi]] (Köppen climate classification ''Cfa''), sai dai a cikin tsaunuka mafi girma na Appalachians waɗanda ke da yanayin subtropical highland (Köpp ''Cfb'').

Yankunan Hardness na USDA na jihar sun kasance daga Yankin 5B (-15 ° F zuwa -10 ° F) a cikin duwatsu zuwa Yankin 9A (20 ° F zuwa 25 ° F) tare da sassan gabashin bakin teku.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=North Carolina USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map |url=https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov |access-date=November 19, 2023 |publisher=USDA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ga mafi yawan yankuna na Arewacin Carolina, yanayin zafi a watan Yuli a lokacin rana kusan {{Convert|90|F|C}} ° F (32 ° C). A watan Janairu, matsakaicin yanayin zafi na rana na iya bambanta a fadin jihar, daga kimanin 40 ° F (4 ° C) a cikin tsaunuka mafi girma na Appalachians, kusa da 50 ° F (10 ° C) na yankin Piedmont, zuwa kusan 60 ° F (16 ° C) tare da yankunan kudu maso gabashin gabar jihar.

== Ruwan sama ==
Akwai matsakaicin inci 45 na ruwan sama a shekara (50 inci a yankunan tsaunuka). Guguwar Yuli tana da alhakin yawancin wannan hazo. Kusan kashi 15 cikin dari na ruwan sama a lokacin zafi a Arewacin Carolina ana iya danganta shi da guguwa na wurare masu zafi. Duwatsun yamma yawanci suna ganin dusar ƙanƙara tsakanin Nuwamba da Maris. Iska mai laushi daga kudu maso yamma ya sauka da matsakaicin inci 80 (2,000  na hazo a gefen yammacin tsaunuka, yayin da gangaren da ke fuskantar arewa maso gabas ke ƙasa da rabin wannan adadin.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:120%;background:#E8EAFA;&quot; |Matsakaicin ruwan sama na kowane wata
|-
! height=&quot;17&quot; style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color: #000000&quot; |Birni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jan
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Fabrairu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Tekun
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:green;&quot; |Afrilu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:bronze;&quot; |Mayu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:purple;&quot; |Yuni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:red;&quot; |Yuli
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Aug
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Satumba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Oktoba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Nuwamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Disamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jimillar
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Asheville
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|38.1|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Cape Hatteras
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|6.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|56.9|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Charlotte
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|43|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Greensboro
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.2|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|42.2|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Raleigh
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.8|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.1|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|41.8|in|mm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Wilmington
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.4|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|7.9|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|7|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.6|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.3|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.5|in|mm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|55|in|mm}}
|-
|}

=== Snow ===
[[Fayil:1993_Storm_of_the_Century_Asheville,_North_Carolina_snowfall.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Itace da ya fadi a Asheville, North Carolina wanda ya haifar da dusar ƙanƙara daga 1993 Storm of the Century1993 Guguwar Karni]]
Ana ganin dusar ƙanƙara a [[Arewacin Carolina]] akai-akai a cikin tsaunuka.  Arewacin Carolina yana matsakaicin inci 5 (mm 130) na dusar ƙanƙara a kowane lokacin hunturu.  Koyaya, wannan ya bambanta sosai a duk faɗin jihar.  A gefen tekun, yawancin wuraren yin rajistar ƙasa da inci 2 (51 mm) a kowace shekara yayin da babban birnin jihar, Raleigh, ke da matsakaicin inci 6.0 (mm 150 mm).  Nisa zuwa yamma a cikin Piedmont-Triad, matsakaicin yana girma zuwa kusan inci 9 (230 mm).  Matsakaicin yankin Charlotte kusan inci 5.0 (mm130 mm).  Garin Boone, [[North Carolina]], wanda yake a tsayin ƙafa 3,333 a arewa maso yammacin jihar, yana samun kusan inci 25 (635 mm) na saukar dusar ƙanƙara a shekara.[1]  Duwatsun da ke yamma suna aiki a matsayin shinge, suna hana yawancin guguwar dusar ƙanƙara shiga Piedmont.  Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta wuce tsaunuka, yawanci tana da haske kuma ba kasafai ake yin ta ba har tsawon kwanaki biyu ko uku.  Koyaya, guguwa da yawa sun sauke inci 18 (460 mm) ko fiye na dusar ƙanƙara a cikin wurare masu zafi na yau da kullun.  Guguwar Karni ta 1993 wacce ta dade daga 11 ga Maris zuwa 15 ga Maris ta shafi yankunan Kanada zuwa Amurka ta Tsakiya, kuma ta kawo dusar kankara ta musamman zuwa Arewacin Carolina.  Newfound Gap ya sami fiye da inci 36 (0.91 m) na dusar ƙanƙara tare da ɗigo sama da ƙafa 5 (1.5 m), yayin da Dutsen Mitchell ya auna sama da ƙafa 4 (1.2 m) na dusar ƙanƙara tare da ɗigon ruwa zuwa ƙafa 14 (4.3 m).[2]  Yawancin yankin arewa maso yammacin jihar sun sami wani wuri tsakanin ƙafa biyu (0.61 m) da ƙafa 3 (0.91 m) na dusar ƙanƙara.

Wani gagarumin saukar dusar ƙanƙara ya faɗo yankin Raleigh a cikin Janairu 2000 lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi sama da inci 20 (510 mm).[1]  Haka kuma an yi wani babban dusar ƙanƙara mai faɗin inci 18 (460 mm) wanda ya faɗo yankin Wilmington a ranar 22-23 ga Disamba, 1989. Wannan guguwar ta shafi gabar tekun Kudu maso Gabashin Amurka kawai, har zuwa kudu da Savannah, Georgia, ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba da aka auna yammacin I-95.  Yawancin manyan dusar ƙanƙara da ke tasiri yankunan gabashin tsaunuka sun fito ne daga mahaukaciyar guguwa mai zafi wanda ke zuwa daga kudu a fadin Georgia da [[South Carolina]] kuma ya tashi daga gabar Arewa ko Kudancin Carolina.  Waɗannan guguwa yawanci suna jefa danshin Gulf ko Atlantic akan iska mai sanyi a matakin ƙasa, yawanci suna motsawa zuwa kudu daga babban matsin Arctic akan jihohin Arewa maso Gabas ko New England.  Idan guguwa ta yi nisa sosai zuwa gabas, dusar ƙanƙara za ta iyakance zuwa gabashin jihar (kamar yadda yake tare da Disamba 22-23, 1989, haɗari, da Janairu 4, 2018, guguwar da ta bar inci 4 a Cape Hatteras, amma kusan babu dusar ƙanƙara a cikin yankunan Arewacin Carolina).  Idan guguwar ta yi tafiya kusa da bakin teku, za a ja iska mai dumi zuwa gabashin Arewacin Carolina saboda karuwar kwararar ruwa daga Tekun Atlantika mai zurfi, yana kawo layin ruwan sama / dusar ƙanƙara a cikin ƙasa tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai nauyi da aka iyakance zuwa Piedmont, tuddai da tsaunuka, kamar yadda aka yi a ranar 22 ga Janairu, 1987, hadari wanda ya faɗi inci 6 a Charlotte.  Idan guguwar ta bi cikin gida zuwa gabashin Arewacin Carolina, layin ruwan sama/ dusar ƙanƙara yana tsakanin Raleigh da Greensboro.[2]
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:120%;background:#E8EAFA;&quot; |Matsakaicin dusar ƙanƙara na kowane wata
|-
! height=&quot;17&quot; style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color: #000000&quot; |Birni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jan
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Fabrairu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Tekun
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Afrilu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Mayu
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Yuni
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Yuli
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Aug
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Satumba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Oktoba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Nuwamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Disamba
! style=&quot;background: #E5AFAA; color:black;&quot; |Jimillar
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Asheville
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|4.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.7|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.7|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|15.6|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Cape Hatteras
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Charlotte
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.7|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.1|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.5|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|5.5|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Greensboro
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|3.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.8|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.1|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.8|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|7.5|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |Raleigh
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.2|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|2.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.3|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.1|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.8|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;v background: #F8F3CA; color:black;&quot; |{{Convert|7|in|cm}}
|-
! height=&quot;16;&quot; style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1; color:black;&quot; |Wilmington
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.5|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.4|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; | -
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|0.6|in|cm}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;font-size:90%;&quot; |{{Convert|1.9|in|cm}}
|-
|}

== Guguwa mai zafi ==
[[Fayil:Fran 1996-09-04 1715Z.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Guguwar Fran]]
Da yake tare da Tekun Atlantika, guguwa da yawa da ke fitowa daga Tekun Caribbean suna tafiya tare da Gabashin Gabashin Amurka, suna wucewa ta Arewacin Carolina.
[[Fayil:Floyd_1999_rainfall.gif|right|thumb|253x253px|Ruwan sama daga Guguwar Floyd a cikin 1999]]
A ranar 15 ga watan Oktoba, 1954, Guguwar Hazel ta buge Arewacin Carolina, a wannan lokacin guguwa ce ta Category 4 a cikin Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Hazel ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa saboda iskarsa mai ƙarfi. Wani tashar yanayi a Tsibirin Oak ya ba da rahoton matsakaicin iska mai ɗorewa na mil 140 a kowace awa (230 km / h), yayin da a Raleigh iska ta mil 90 a kowace awa (140 km / h) an auna. Guguwar ta haifar da mutuwar mutane 19 da  mummunar lalacewa. Mutum daya a Long Beach ya yi iƙirarin cewa &quot;daga cikin gine-gine 357 da suka wanzu a garin, 352 sun lalace gaba ɗaya kuma sauran biyar sun lalace&quot;. An bayyana Hazel a matsayin &quot;guguwa mafi muni a tarihin Arewacin Carolina&quot; a cikin rahoton 1989. Hazel ya kasance guguwa ce kawai ta Category 4 da ta taɓa sauka a Arewacin Carolina.

A cikin shekarar alif 1996, Guguwar Fran ta sauka a Arewacin Carolina a matsayin guguwa ta Category 3. Fran ya haifar da mummunar lalacewar iska da ambaliyar ruwa. Matsakaicin saurin iska na Fran ya kasance mil 115 a kowace awa (185 km / h), yayin da bakin tekun Arewacin Carolina ya ga hauhawar ƙafa 8 (2.4  zuwa ƙafa 12 (3.7  sama da matakin teku. Adadin lalacewar da Fran ya haifar ya kasance daga $ 1.275 zuwa $ 2 biliyan a Arewacin Carolina.

A cikin shekarar 2018, guguwar Florence ta yi kasa a Arewacin Carolina a matsayin guguwa mai lamba 1.  Ko da yake guguwar da ba ta da iyaka a faɗuwar ƙasa dangane da saurin iskar, jinkirin motsin Florence da ke kaiwa da kuma bin faɗuwar ƙasa ya ba da gudummawa ga dagewar da ake yi na ruwan sama a kan Arewacin Carolina tsakanin Wilmington da Elizabethtown.  Horar da igiyoyin ruwan sama a kan wurare guda ya haifar da tarin ruwan sama da ya wuce inci 30 (760 mm), kuma yawan ruwan sama ya wuce inci 10 (250 mm) a kan yawancin kudu maso gabas da kudu-ta-tsakiyar Arewacin Carolina.  An yi rikodin yawan ruwan sama mai girman inci 35.93 (913 mm) a nisan mil 7 (kilomita 11) arewa maso yammacin Elizabethtown, wanda ya kafa sabon tarihi na yawan ruwan sama da aka samu sakamakon guguwar yanayi mai zafi.  Haduwar barnar guguwar Floyd da guguwar Matthew a jihar, a cewar gwamna Roy Cooper.  Kiyasin asarar inshora a Arewacin Carolina ya kai tsakanin dalar Amurka biliyan 2.8-5.[2]  Ambaliyar ruwa mai alaka da guguwar ta lalata kusan gine-gine 75,000, wadanda da yawa daga cikinsu guguwar Matthew ta lalata su a baya shekaru biyu kacal.

A cikin 2024, guguwar Helene ta yi mummunar tasiri a Arewacin Carolina, musamman a yankinta na yammacin Appalachian, wanda ya haifar da mutuwar sama da 100 da kuma lalata abubuwan more rayuwa da wuraren zama a cikin larduna da yawa.[1]  Bayan yin kasa a yankin Big Bend na [[Florida]] a ranar 27 ga Satumba, guguwar ta fara ratsa ƙasa a fadin Georgia a matsayin guguwa ta 2 [2] da kuma cikin tsaunin Appalachian a matsayin hadari mai zafi mai zafi, yana kawo rikodi na ruwan sama ga yawancin al'ummomi a yammacin Arewacin Carolina, ciki har da Asheville, Boone, Chimney Rock, Lakewannan Lure, Lansing, da kuma Lake Montan, Lansing..

A sakamakon ruwan sama na tarihi, koguna da yawa a yankin sun cika kuma sun mamaye dukkan al'ummomi, suna lalata gidaje da ababen more rayuwa, da kuma yanke wutar lantarki da sabis na sadarwa a cikin yankuna da yawa na dogon lokaci. Bugu da kari, an rushe madatsun ruwa da yawa kuma laka ya faru a duk fadin yankin, yana kara lalacewar da ke akwai.

A cewar masanin yanayi Ben Noll, guguwar Helene ta sake fitar da danshi kusan sau 1.5 a yammacin North Carolina fiye da duk wani abin da ya faru a baya da aka yi rikodin a yankin, tare da kiyasin jigilar jigilar tururi na ~ 3,000 kilos a kowace mita a sakan daya.  Helene ta zarce rikodin da ya gabata na 1,883 kg/m/s.  An yi la'akari da adadin danshi da ruwan sama da aka ajiye a yankin na musamman saboda wurin da yake cikin kasa, nesa da gabar Gabas da gabar Tekun Fasha.f.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2 October 2024 |title=We’re only beginning to understand the historic nature of Helene’s flooding |url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2024/09/were-only-beginning-to-understand-the-historic-nature-of-helenes-flooding/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=arstechnica.com |publisher=[[Ars Technica]] |language=en-US |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ofishin Yanayi na Jihar North Carolina a Jami'ar Jihar North Caroline ya ba da rahoton cewa Tashar yanayi ta Mount Mitchell ta rubuta {{Convert|24.41|in|mm}} a (620  na ruwan sama.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=September 2024 National Climate Report {{!}} National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/national/202409 |access-date=2024-11-25 |website=www.ncei.noaa.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ofishin ya kira jimlar a matsayin &quot;daga sigogi&quot;, yana kwatanta shi da {{Convert|16.5|in|mm}} in (420  na ruwan sama yana da ambaliyar ruwa sau ɗaya a cikin shekara 1,000 ga yankin. Filin jirgin saman yankin Asheville ya rubuta {{Convert|19.38|in|mm}} in (492  na ruwan sama kafin gazawar sadarwa. Wani tashar kula da gandun daji ta Arewacin Carolina ya rubuta karɓar {{Convert|31.33|in|mm}} a (796  na ruwan sama daga Satumba 25 zuwa Satumba 27, yana buƙatar ƙarin tabbatarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-10-03 |title=Helene aftermath: Biden directs up to 1,000 soldiers to assist in aid efforts; 190 dead in storm aftermath |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/weather/live-blog/hurricane-helene-live-updates-rcna173577 |access-date=2024-11-25 |website=NBC News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ruwan sama ===
Ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya yana tare da guguwa mai zafi da ragowarsu wadanda ke tafiya arewa maso gabas daga gabar tekun Mexico, da kuma cikin kasa daga yammacin tekun Atlantika.  A cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata, guguwar mafi zafi da ta afkawa jihar ita ce guguwar Florence a watan Satumbar 2018, wadda ta yi kasa da inci 35 (mm) na ruwan sama a arewa maso yammacin Elizabethtown.  A lokacin guguwa Hazel da Fran, babban ƙarfin halaka ya kasance daga hazo.  Kafin guguwar Floyd ta isa North Carolina, tuni jihar ta samu ruwan sama mai yawa daga guguwar Dennis kasa da makonni biyu kafin Floyd.  Wannan ya cika da yawa daga cikin yammacin Arewacin Carolina kuma ya ba da damar ruwan sama mai karfi daga Hurricane Floyd ya zama ambaliya.  Fiye da mutane 35 sun mutu daga Floyd.[1]  A cikin tsaunuka, guguwar Frances na Satumba 2004 ta kusan jika, ta kawo sama da inci 23 (580 mm) na ruwan sama zuwa Dutsen Mitchell.
[[Fayil:Tornado_Alley.gif|right|thumb|200x200px|Ayyukan guguwa a Amurka]]

== Yanayi mai tsanani ==
A mafi yawan shekaru, babbar asarar tattalin arziki da ta shafi yanayi a Arewacin Carolina saboda mummunan yanayi da aka haifar da tsawa ta lokacin rani. Wadannan guguwa suna shafar yankuna masu iyaka, tare da ƙanƙara da iska suna da asarar shekara-shekara sama da dala miliyan 5.

Arewacin Carolina yana da matsakaicin guguwa 31 a shekara, tare da Mayu yawanci yana ganin mafi yawan guguwa na kowane wata, tare da matsakaitan 5. Yuni, Yuli da Agusta duk suna da matsakaicin guguwa 3. Matsakaicin a watan Satumba yana ƙaruwa dan kadan, yana da matsakaicin 4. Daga Satumba zuwa farkon Nuwamba, Arewacin Carolina na iya fuskantar ƙananan yanayi amma mai tsanani. Duk da yake mummunan yanayi yawanci yana faruwa daga Maris zuwa Mayu, guguwa ta taɓa Arewacin Carolina a kowane wata na shekara. A ranar 28 ga Nuwamba, 1988, wata guguwa ta F4 da sassafe ta fashe a arewa maso yammacin Raleigh, ta ci gaba da mil 84, ta kashe 4 kuma ta ji rauni 157. A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 2020, guguwa mai tsanani ta mamaye Arewacin Carolina, tare da guguwa da ta fara a Rowan County, arewacin Charlotte. yayin da yake tafiya zuwa arewa, saurin iska ya kai kilomita 30 a kowace awa. Da karfe 4:00 na yamma lokacin yankin, mutane 100,000 ba su da wutar lantarki kuma gargadi na ambaliyar ruwa ya fara aiki ga yawancin yankin saboda ruwan sama mai yawa. Bayan taron farko, agogon ambaliyar ruwa ya ci gaba da aiki har zuwa ranar 13 ga Fabrairu sakamakon wuraren da aka cika.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Canje-canje ==
[[Fayil:NCOuterBanks-EO.jpg|right|thumb|223x223px|Yawancin Bankunan waje da na ciki na Arewacin Carolina na iya kasancewa a ko ƙasa da matakin teku.]]
Ana sa ran bakin tekun Arewacin Carolina zai tashi tsakanin ƙafa ɗaya zuwa huɗu a cikin ƙarni na gaba saboda haɗuwa da teku mai zafi, narkewar kankara, da raguwar ƙasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;WhatItMeans2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 2016 |title=What climate change means for North Carolina |url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/climate-change-nc.pdf |access-date=28 February 2020 |website=EPA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yanayin zafi a Arewacin Carolina ya tashi tun lokacin [[Industrial Revolution|Juyin Juya Halin Masana'antu]]. A cikin shekaru 100 da suka gabata, matsakaicin zafin jiki a Chapel Hill ya karu da 1.2 ° F (0.7 ° C) kuma hazo a wasu sassan jihar ya karu da kashi 5. A kusa da shekara ta 2080, &quot;zafin jiki na iya tashi sama da 95 ° F kusan kwanaki 20 zuwa 40 a kowace shekara a mafi yawan jihar, idan aka kwatanta da kimanin kwanaki 10 a kowace shekara&quot; a cikin 2016.&lt;ref name=&quot;WhatItMeans2016&quot; /&gt;

== Yanayin yanayi ==

=== Lokacin hunturu ===
A cikin hunturu, Arewacin Carolina yana da kariya ta Dutsen Appalachian zuwa yamma. Yankunan sanyi daga [[Kanada]] yawanci suna raguwa da ƙarfi ta hanyar duwatsu. Koyaya, wani lokaci iska mai sanyi na iya motsawa daga arewa ko arewa maso gabas, gabashin Dutsen Appalachian, daga tsarin matsin lamba na Arctic wanda ke zaune a Arewa maso gabas ko jihohin New England. Sauran barkewar polar da Arctic na iya haye duwatsu kuma ya tilasta yanayin zafi ya sauka zuwa kusan {{Convert|12|°F|°C}} ° F (-11 ° C) a tsakiyar North Carolina. Duk da haka, yanayin zafi a ƙasa da digiri na Fahrenheit yana da matukar wuya a waje da duwatsu. Mafi sanyi da aka taɓa yin rikodin zafin jiki a Arewacin Carolina ya kasance -34 ° F (-37 ° C) a ranar 21 ga Janairu, 1985, a Dutsen Mitchell. Yanayin hunturu a bakin tekun ya fi sauƙi saboda tasirin zafi na Tekun Atlantika da Gulf Stream. Matsakaicin zafin teku a Southport a watan Janairu har yanzu ya fi matsakaicin zabin teku a Maine a watan Yuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt; Snow ya zama ruwan dare a cikin duwatsu, kodayake yawancin wuraren shakatawa na kankara suna amfani da kayan aikin yin dusar ƙanƙara don tabbatar da cewa koyaushe akwai dusar ƙara a ƙasarsu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt; Rashin zafi na Arewacin Carolina ya fi girma a cikin hunturu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt;

=== Lokacin bazara ===
Wataƙila guguwa tana cikin bazara. Manyan barkewar guguwa sun shafi sassan gabashin North Carolina a ranar 28 ga Maris, 1984, da 16 ga Afrilu, 2011. Watan Mayu yana fuskantar mafi girman hauhawar yanayin zafi. A lokacin bazara, akwai kwanaki masu dumi da dare masu sanyi a Piedmont. Yanayin zafi yana da ɗan sanyi a cikin duwatsu kuma yana da dumi, musamman da dare, kusa da bakin teku. Rashin zafi na Arewacin Carolina ya fi ƙasa a cikin bazara.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt;
[[Fayil:Harris_Lake_Highlands.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Harris Lake a cikin Highlands, North Carolina a lokacin faɗuwa]]
Arewacin Carolina yana fuskantar yanayin zafi na lokacin rani. Wani lokaci, iska mai sanyi, mai bushe daga arewa zai mamaye Arewacin Carolina na ɗan gajeren lokaci, tare da yanayin zafi da sauri. Ya kasance mai sanyi a tsaunuka masu tsawo, tare da matsakaicin zafin lokacin rani a Dutsen Mitchell yana kwance a {{Convert|68|°F|°C}} ° F (20 ° C). Yanayin safiya yana da matsakaicin 20 ° F (12 ° C) ƙasa da yanayin rana, sai dai a gefen Tekun Atlantika. Babban asarar tattalin arziki daga mummunan yanayi a Arewacin Carolina saboda tsawa mai tsanani ne a lokacin rani, kodayake yawanci suna buga kananan yankuna ne kawai.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt; Guguwa ta wurare masu zafi na iya tasiri ga jihar a lokacin rani. Fogs kuma suna da yawa a lokacin rani.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

Fall shine mafi saurin canza yanayin zafi, musamman a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba. Guguwa ta wurare masu zafi ta kasance barazana har zuwa ƙarshen kakar. Ana ziyartar Dutsen Appalachian akai-akai a wannan lokacin na shekara, saboda ganyayyaki suna canza launi a cikin bishiyoyi.&lt;ref name=&quot;NCCLI&quot; /&gt;

=== Kudancin Oscillation ===
A lokacin abubuwan da suka faru na El Niño, yanayin hunturu da farkon bazara sun fi sanyi fiye da matsakaici tare da sama da matsakaicin ruwan sama a sassan tsakiya da gabashin jihar da kuma yanayin bushe a yammacin. La Niña yawanci yana kawo zafi fiye da matsakaicin yanayin zafi tare da sama da matsakaitan ruwan sama a yammacin jihar yayin da yankunan tsakiya da na bakin teku suka bushe fiye da matsakaici.

== Bayanan yanayi ==
 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable sort-under&quot;
|+Matsakaicin zafin jiki na kowane wata (Fahrenheit) 
! style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Gine-gine
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Jan
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Fabrairu
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Tekun
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Afrilu
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Mayu
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Yuni
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Yuli
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Aug
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Satumba
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Oktoba
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Nuwamba
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #E5AFAA;&quot; |Disamba
|- style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot; |Asheville
|46/26
|50/28
|58/35
|66/42
|74/51
|80/58
|83/63
|82/62
|76/55
|67/43
|57/35
|49/29
|- style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot; |Cape Hatteras
|54/39
|55/39
|60/44
|68/52
|75/60
|82/68
|85/73
|85/72
|81/68
|73/59
|65/50
|57/43
|- style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot; |Charlotte
|51/32
|56/34
|64/42
|73/49
|80/58
|87/66
|90/71
|88/69
|82/63
|73/51
|63/42
|54/35
|- style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot; |Greensboro
|47/28
|52/31
|60/38
|70/46
|77/55
|84/64
|88/68
|86/67
|79/60
|70/48
|60/39
|51/31
|- style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #F8F3CA;&quot; |Raleigh
|50/30
|54/32
|62/39
|72/46
|79/55
|86/64
|89/68
|87/67
|81/61
|72/48
|62/40
|53/33
|- style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot;
! style=&quot;background: #C5DFE1;&quot; |Wilmington
|56/36
|60/38
|66/44
|74/51
|81/60
|86/68
|90/72
|88/71
|84/66
|76/54
|68/45
|60/38
|}
{{Weather box}}

== Manazarta ==
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Canjin yanayi a Namibia</title>
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      <text bytes="14771" sha1="m6ga2vbmmjulhkos007ejem1vq1rui1" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}[[Fayil:NamibiaDrought.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Yanayin fari a Namibia ya kara tsanantawa ta hanyar canjin yanayi]]
[[Canjin yanayi]] shine sa[[noma]] canje-canje na dogon lokaci a cikin [[Climate|Yanayin Duniya]] wanda ya haifar da fitar da iskar gas kamar [[carbon dioxide]] (CO2) da [[methane]] (CH4). Wadannan iskar gas na iya kama zafi a cikin yanayi, wanda ke haifar da [[Canjin yanayi|dumamar yanayi]] da kuma hauhawar zafin jiki a duniyarmu. Ayyukan da mutane ke gudanarwa, kamar amfani da man fetur (kwal, mai, da iskar gas), tare da aikin gona na kasuwanci da kuma [[Gandun daji|sare daji]], suna da alhakin sakin waɗannan iskar gas. Yanayin zafi mai tsanani da yanayin zafi mai tsanani, rashin tabbas da kuma ci gaba da hazo mai tsanani, da matsanancin yanayi suna haifar da sabbin ƙalubale kuma suna kara tsananta waɗanda ke akwai.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal |url=https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/ |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Namibiya tana a yankin kudu maso yammacin nahiyar Afirka, tana kwance tsakanin latitude 17°S da 29°S da longitude 11°E da 26°E. Ƙasar ta ƙunshi fili mai girman kilomita 825,418 kuma tana da bakin teku mai nisan kilomita 1,500 tare da Kudancin Tekun Atlantika. Namibiya tana da iyaka da Angola a arewa, Afirka ta Kudu a kudu, Botswana a gabas, da Zambia a arewa maso gabas. Yanayin kasar ya fi zama bushewa, inda hamadar Namib da hamadar Kalahari suka mamaye wasu yankuna na gabashi da yamma bi da bi. Bashi yana raguwa yayin da mutum ke tafiya zuwa yankunan tsakiyar Filato da kuma babban wurin da ke tsakanin tsakiyar tudu da hamadar Namib. Yanayin Namibiya yana da yanayin fari mai dawwama, yanayin ruwan sama mara misaltuwa da bambancin yanayi, canjin yanayin zafi, da ƙarancin albarkatun ruwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-08-09 |title=Climate Risk Country Profile - Namibia - Namibia {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/namibia/climate-risk-country-profile-namibia |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=BCC |date=2022-03-24 |title=Climate change in Namibia |url=https://www.benguelacc.org/climate-change-in-namibia/ |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=Benguela Current Convention (BCC) |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=Republic of Namibia First Adaptation Communicaton. Namibia's Climate Change Adaptation Communication to the UNFCCC |url=https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/namibia-adaptation-communication-to-the-unfccc.pdf |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=United Nations Climate Change website}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rashin iskar gas ==
Nahiyar Afirka tana da alhakin kashi &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;%-3% na hayakin gas na duniya, don haka yana ba da gudummawa ga [[Canjin yanayi]]. A cikin 2020, [[Namibia]]&quot;&gt;Namibia ta fitar da tan miliyan 24.12 na CO2 daidai wanda ke wakiltar 0.05% na hayaki na duniya tare da haɗarin haɗarin yanayi na 107. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Namibia |url=https://climatepromise.undp.org/what-we-do/where-we-work/namibia |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=UNDP Climate Promise |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Namibia Climate Change Data {{!}} Emissions and Policies |url=https://www.climatewatchdata.org/countries/NAM?end_year=2020&amp;start_year=1990 |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=www.climatewatchdata.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gas din gas (GHG) na Namibia a cikin 2020 ya kasance 13,560.38 kt, wanda ke wakiltar karuwar 25.69% idan aka kwatanta da 2019, 2019 ya kasance 10,788.73 kt, yana nuna raguwar 7.13% daga 2018, 2018 ya kasance 11,616.69 kt, yana wakiltar raguwar 6.14% daga 2017, 2017 ya kasance 12,376.73 kt, wanda ya nuna karuwar 0.47% daga 201.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Namibia Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions 1991-2023 |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/NAM/namibia/ghg-greenhouse-gas-emissions |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=www.macrotrends.net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109220803/https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/NAM/namibia/ghg-greenhouse-gas-emissions |archive-date=2023-11-09 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ritchie |first=Hannah |author-link=Hannah Ritchie |last2=Roser |first2=Max |author-link2=Max Roser |last3=Rosado |first3=Pablo |date=2020-05-11 |title=CO₂ and Greenhouse Gas Emissions |url=https://ourworldindata.org/co2/country/namibia |journal=Our World in Data}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Namibia {{!}} Climate &amp; Development Knowledge Network |url=https://cdkn.org/regions/namibia |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=cdkn.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+'''Fossil Carbon Dioxide (CO2) fitarwa na Namibia'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Namibia CO2 Emissions - Worldometer |url=https://www.worldometers.info/co2-emissions/namibia-co2-emissions/ |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=www.worldometers.info |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!Shekara
!Rashin halittu na CO2 fitarwa (tons) 
Rashin sauti
!canji
fitar da CO2
!CO2 fitarwa 
ga kowane mutum
!Yawan jama'a
!Pop. 
canji
!Kasuwancin CO2 na Duniya
Rashin fitar da CO2
|-
|2016
|3,901,830
|4.42%
|1.68
|2,323,352
|1.78 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2015
|3,736,577
|0.36%
|1.64
|2,282,704
|1.77 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2014
|3,723,201
|4.52%
|1.66
|2,243,001
|1.75 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2013
|3,562,114
|7.55%
|1.62
|2,204,510
|1.71 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2012
|3,312,167
|4.72%
|1.53
|2,167,470
|1.65 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2011
|3,162,887
|5.04%
|1.48
|2,132,340
|1.58 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2010
|3,011,160
|4.68%
|1.43
|2,099,271
|1.52 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2009
|2,876,601
|2.35%
|1.39
|2,067,919
|1.44 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2008
|2,810,602
|14.82%
|1.38
|2,038,552
|1.35 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2007
|2,447,895
|3.28%
|1.22
|2,011,492
|1.26 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2006
|2,370,100
|1.18%
|1.19
|1,986,558
|1.21 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2005
|2,342,441
|5.22%
|1.19
|1,962,865
|1.21 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2004
|2,226,141
|6.42%
|1.15
|1,939,406
|1.25 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2003
|2,091,827
|6.32%
|1.09
|1,915,425
|1.42 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2002
|1,967,450
| -13.28%
|1.04
|1,888,525
|1.73 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2001
|2,268,693
|24.18%
|1.22
|1,856,402
|2.05 % 
|0.01%
|-
|2000
|1,826,996
| -1.92%
|1.00
|1,819,141
|2.30 % 
|0.01%
|-
|1999
|1,862,734
| -9.48%
|1.05
|1,778,277
|2.44 % 
|0.01%
|-
|1998
|2,057,847
|3.21%
|1.19
|1,735,953
|2.52 % 
|0.01%
|-
|1997
|1,993,831
|4.65%
|1.18
|1,693,242
|2.62 % 
|0.01%
|-
|1996
|1,905,316
|7.68%
|1.15
|1,650,066
|2.78 % 
|0.01%
|-
|1995
|1,769,433
|6.71%
|1.10
|1,605,370
|3.01 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1994
|1,658,125
|15.25%
|1.06
|1,558,449
|3.22 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1993
|1,438,731
|16.06%
|0.95
|1,509,834
|3.29 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1992
|1,239,607
|8.71%
|0.85
|1,461,687
|3.25 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1991
|1,140,283
|50.77%
|0.81
|1,415,617
|3.40 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1990
|756,289
| -15.21%
|0.55
|1,369,011
|6.28 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1989
|891,949
|8.82%
|0.69
|1,288,070
|6.63 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1988
|819,618
|19.45%
|0.68
|1,207,949
|3.65 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1987
|686,184
|20.76%
|0.59
|1,165,430
|3.32 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1986
|568,217
| -22.10%
|0.50
|1,127,989
|3.17 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1985
|729,395
|1.91%
|0.67
|1,093,311
|2.95 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1984
|715,750
| -0.67%
|0.67
|1,061,995
|2.80 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1983
|720,581
| -3.79%
|0.70
|1,033,085
|2.74 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1982
|748,977
| -0.71%
|0.74
|1,005,520
|1.84 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1981
|754,340
|6.79%
|0.76
|987,394
|1.17 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1980
|706,384
| -3.32%
|0.72
|975,994
|1.95 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1979
|730,657
|15.54%
|0.76
|957,334
|1.63 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1978
|632,400
| -3.73%
|0.67
|942,023
|1.72 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1977
|656,901
|10.25%
|0.71
|926,109
|2.69 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1976
|595,845
| -5.38%
|0.66
|901,840
|2.88 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1975
|629,700
|1.12%
|0.72
|876,572
|3.12 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1974
|622,753
|4.68%
|0.73
|850,091
|3.05 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1973
|594,924
|7.22%
|0.72
|824,918
|3.04 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1972
|554,850
|1.92%
|0.69
|800,610
|3.04 % 
|0.00%
|-
|1971
|544,401
|0.15%
|0.70
|776,995
|2.99 % 
|0.00%
|}

== Tasirin yanayi ==

=== Yanayin zafi da sauye-sauyen yanayi ===
[[Fayil:Temperature_Bar_Chart_Africa-Namibia--1901-2020--2021-07-13.png|thumb|350x350px|Wannan jadawalin mashaya alama ce ta gani game da canjin zafin jiki a cikin shekaru 100+ da suka gabata. Kowane layi yana wakiltar matsakaicin zafin jiki sama da shekara guda. Matsakaicin zafin jiki a cikin 1971-2000 an saita shi azaman iyaka tsakanin launin shudi da ja, kuma sikelin launi ya bambanta daga ± 2.6 daidaitattun daidaitattun zafin jiki na shekara-shekara tsakanin shekarun da aka ambata a cikin sunan fayil ɗin]]
&lt;div class=&quot;thumb tmulti tright&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner multiimageinner&quot; style=&quot;width:292px;max-width:292px&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;trow&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;tsingle&quot; style=&quot;width:290px;max-width:290px&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbimage&quot; style=&quot;height:177px;overflow:hidden&quot;&gt;[[File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_NAM_present.svg|alt=|288x288px]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;Taswirar rarraba yanayi ta Köppen don Namibia na 1980-2016&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;trow&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;tsingle&quot; style=&quot;width:290px;max-width:290px&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbimage&quot; style=&quot;height:200px;overflow:hidden&quot;&gt;[[File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_NAM_future.svg|alt=|288x288px]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;Taswirar 2071-2100 a ƙarƙashin [[Representative Concentration Pathway|yanayin canjin yanayi mafi tsanani]]. Abubuwan da ke cikin tsakiya a halin yanzu ana ɗaukar su da yiwuwar&lt;ref name=&quot;HausfatherPeters2020&quot;&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFHausfatherPeters2020&quot;&gt;Hausfather, Zeke; Peters, Glen (29 January 2020). [[doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00177-3|&quot;Emissions – the 'business as usual' story is misleading&quot;]]. ''Nature''. '''577''' (7792): &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;618–&lt;/span&gt;20. [[Bibcode (identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020Natur.577..618H 2020Natur.577..618H]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:&lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-free&quot; title=&quot;Freely accessible&quot;&gt;[[doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00177-3|10.1038/d41586-020-00177-3]]&lt;/span&gt;. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&amp;nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31996825 31996825].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSchuurAbbottCommaneErnakovich2022&quot;&gt;Schuur, Edward A.G.; Abbott, Benjamin W.; Commane, Roisin; Ernakovich, Jessica; Euskirchen, Eugenie; Hugelius, Gustaf; Grosse, Guido; Jones, Miriam; Koven, Charlie; Leshyk, Victor; Lawrence, David; Loranty, Michael M.; Mauritz, Marguerite; Olefeldt, David; Natali, Susan; Rodenhizer, Heidi; Salmon, Verity; Schädel, Christina; Strauss, Jens; Treat, Claire; Turetsky, Merritt (2022). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847|&quot;Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic&quot;]]. ''Annual Review of Environment and Resources''. '''47''': &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;343–&lt;/span&gt;371. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:&lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-free&quot; title=&quot;Freely accessible&quot;&gt;[[doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847|10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847]]&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;q&gt;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&lt;/q&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPhiddian2022&quot;&gt;Phiddian, Ellen (5 April 2022). [https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ &quot;Explainer: IPCC Scenarios&quot;]. ''[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230920224129/https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ Archived] from the original on 20 September 2023&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 September&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;q&gt;&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1°C.&lt;/q&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Tasirin [[Canjin yanayi]], na yanzu da na gaba, suna gabatar da manyan haɗari ga lafiyar ɗan adam, jin daɗi, da yanayin halitta. [[Namibiya|Namibia]] tana fuskantar alamun bayyanar [[Temperature|Yanayin zafi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; A cikin ƙarni da ya gabata, '''Yanayin zafi''' a Namibia ya karu da digiri 1.2 na Celsius, kuma yawan matsanancin yanayin zafi ya karu da kashi 10% a cikin shekaru arba'in da suka gabata. [[Kudancin Afirka]], gami da Namibia, ya yi zafi da kusan digiri 0.8 na Celsius tun daga 1900, kuma 'yan shekarun nan sun ga mafi girman yanayin zafi a rikodin tun daga karni na 19.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Thomson |first=Gail |title=Climate Change in Namibia Part 2: Current and Projected Changes |url=https://conservationnamibia.com/blog/b2021-climate-change-pt2.php |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=Conservation Namibia |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tsinkaya ya nuna cewa yanayin zafi na lokacin rani na iya tashi tsakanin 1 ° C da 3.5 ° C da yanayin hunturu tsakanin 1 °C da 4 ° C a cikin lokacin 2046-2065. An sami karuwar da aka lura a cikin yawan kwanakin da suka wuce 35 ° C, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga yanayin hauhawar matsakaicin yanayin zafi. Shaidar canjin yanayi ta wuce karuwar '''zafin jiki''' kuma ta ƙunshi sauye-sauyen yanayin hazo. Koyaya, danganta waɗannan canje-canje ga canjin yanayi a cikin mahallin bambancin ruwan sama na Namibia ya zama ƙalubale. Rubuce-rubuce sun nuna cewa yawan fari da [[Ambaliya|ambaliyar ruwa]] sun karu da kusan kashi 18% a matsakaita a cikin shekaru arba'in da suka gabata idan aka kwatanta da lokutan da suka gabata. Wannan shaidar da aka yi da bangarori da yawa ta nuna gaggawa na magance canjin yanayi da tasirinsa akan tsarin yanayi na Namibia.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mwala |first=Lubinda |date=2015 |title=Fact Sheet: Climate Change THE DEFINITION, CAUSES, EFFECTS AND RESPONSES IN NAMIBIA |url=https://www.thinknamibia.org.na/images/projects/enviro/Climate_Change_Factsheet_01.pdf |journal=Hanns Seidel Foundation Namibia, House of Democracy, 70-72 Dr Frans Indongo Street, Windhoek West P.O. Box 90912, Klein Windhoek, Windhoek, Namibia}}&lt;/ref&gt; Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na Namibia shine 20.6 ° C, tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi na kowane wata tsakanin 24 ° C (Nuwamba zuwa Maris) da 16 ° C (Yuni, Yuli).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Giridava''' (Giridaua, Geridava) wani gari ne na Dacian, [1] wanda ke cikin Moesia, arewacin Bulgaria na zamani.

== Dubi kuma ==

* Dacian davae
* Jerin biranen dā a Thrace da Dacia
* Dacia
* Roman Dacia

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Giridava''' (Giridaua, Geridava) wani gari ne na Dacian, [1] wanda ke cikin Moesia, arewacin Bulgaria na zamani.&lt;ref&gt;Olteanu, Toponyms.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Dacian davae
* Jerin biranen dā a Thrace da Dacia
* Dacia
* Roman Dacia

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Giridava''' (Giridaua, Geridava) wani gari ne na Dacian, [1] wanda ke cikin Moesia, arewacin Bulgaria na zamani.&lt;ref&gt;Olteanu, Toponyms.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Dacian davae
* Jerin biranen dā a Thrace da Dacia
* Dacia
* Roman Dacia

== Manazarta ==</text>
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[[File:Tsim_Sha_Tsui_-_2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay_in_Hong_Kong_-_2008-05-02_09h23m08s_SN207008.jpg|thumb|'Yan kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam na jama'a suna zanga-zanga a Tsim Sha Tsui a ranar wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2008.]]
'''Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam''' ('''CHRF''') kungiya ce da ta mayar da hankali kan batutuwan siyasar [[Hong Kong]] da rayuwa, tana da alaƙa da kusan dukkanin sansanonin dimokuradiyya a Hong Kong. An kafa shi a ranar 13 ga Satumba 2002  kuma an rushe shi a ranar 15 ga Agusta 2021. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=15 August 2021 |title=Civil Human Rights Front confirms it has disbanded as members steer clear |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3145093/hong-kong-protests-civil-human-rights-front-confirms-it |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu arba'in da takwas da kungiyoyin siyasa sun shiga cikin kungiyar a watan Janairun shekara ta 2006. Mafi sanannen taron da CHRF ta gudanar shi ne Hong Kong 1 ga Yuli. 

== Ci gaban ƙungiya ==
An kafa Civil Human Rights Front a ranar 13 ga Satumba 2002, tare da manufar samar da dandamali wanda ke karfafa muryoyi da iko daga kungiyoyi daban-daban da kuma bangarorin al'ummomi don ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da na jama'a.

Manufar farko ita ce mayar da hankali kan aiwatar da dokar Mataki na 23 na Dokar Tushen. Bayan zanga-zangar ranar 1 ga Yuli a shekara ta 2003, kungiyar ta fara rarraba aikinta, don hada batutuwa kamar daidaito da hukumomin da aka ba 'yan sanda.

Tun daga shekara ta 2017 suna yin kira ga gwamnatin Hong Kong ta hanyar tsarin Binciken Lokaci na Duniya (UPR) na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan mambobin Kwamitin Gudanar da Haɗin gwiwar UPR na Hong Kong tare da Cibiyar Shari'a Hong Kong, PEN Hong Kong, da Hong Kong Watch.

=== Kaddamar da Figo Chan ===
A watan Afrilu na 2020, an kama mataimakin mai tarurruka a lokacin, wanda aka fi sani da mai tarurrukan kungiyar, Figo Chan, a matsayin wani ɓangare na murkushewa ga masu fafutukar dimokuradiyya wadanda suka shirya kuma suka shiga cikin tarurruka ba bisa ka'ida ba. A watan Mayu 2020, ya bayyana a gaban kotun majistare ta Yammacin Kowloon kuma an ba shi beli. A can, ya ce &quot;bayyanawa ba laifi ba ne&quot;.

=== Fitowar hadin gwiwa ta 2021, dokar tsaron kasa da zarge-zargen kudaden kasashen waje ===
Bayan tuhumar masu gwagwarmayar dimokuradiyya 47 da 'yan siyasa a karkashin dokar tsaron kasa (ciki har da tuhumar tsohon mai shirya taron Jimmy Sham Tsz-kit), kafofin watsa labarai masu goyon bayan Beijing sun tambayi kungiyar game da ko tana da' yancin wanzuwa a karkashin dokokin tsaro na yanzu. A watan Maris na 2021, Jam'iyyar Democrat da ƙungiyar malamai sun janye daga Front. Mai shirya taron Figo Chan ya tabbatar da wannan amma bai kara bayyana ba. Har ila yau, a cikin wannan watan, wata jaridar Singapore ta nakalto jami'ai daga Gwamnatin Hong Kong da ke cewa hukumar Amurka ta National Endowment for Democracy ce ta ba da kuɗin Front, wanda ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a ƙarƙashin dokar tsaron kasa kamar yadda &quot;ya haɗa kai da sojojin kasashen waje&quot;; duka biyun, tsohon mai taron Sham da mai taron yanzu Chan sun musanta zargin. A kan barazanar rushewa, Chan ya ce &quot;[F] ko wannan dalili, ba za mu iya rushewa ba, kuma ni, a matsayin mai shirya taron, ina da niyyar rayuwa da mutuwa tare da Front muddin har yanzu akwai kungiyoyin mambobi da suka rage&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;disbandment&quot; /&gt;

=== 2021 kama Jimmy Sham da kuma yanke wa Figo Chan hukunci ===
A ranar 6 ga watan Janairun 2021, an kama Jimmy Sham tare da wasu da yawa a cikin wani tashin hankali kan masu goyon bayan dimokuradiyya da mahalarta zaben fidda gwani na dimokuradiya. An sake kama Sham a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 2021 a kan tuhumar tawaye kuma yana jiran shari'a har zuwa ƙarshen Mayu 2021. Har ila yau, a ƙarshen Mayu 2021, an yanke wa mai shirya kungiyar Figo Chan hukunci a kan wani taron da ba bisa ka'ida ba a cikin 2019 kuma an ba shi watanni 18 a kurkuku, wanda ya jagoranci kungiyar na ɗan lokaci ba tare da shugaba ba.

== Kungiyoyin membobin ==
Kungiyoyin jama'a da jam'iyyun siyasa masu zuwa mambobi ne na CHRF.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=CHRF member list |url=http://www.civilhrfront.org/?q=member-list |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111183328/https://www.civilhrfront.org/?q=member-list |archive-date=11 November 2019 |access-date=1 January 2020 |website=民間人權陣線 |language=Cantonese}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Ƙungiyar ɗaliban Kirista ta Hong Kong (ƙungiyar ɗaliban Kiristoci ta Hong Kong) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=SCMHK – Student Christian Movement of Hong Kong |url=https://www.scmhk.org/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227003123/https://www.scmhk.org/?lang=en |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=16 February 2021 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Kungiyar 'yan jarida ta Hong Kong
* Majalisar Hong Kong ta Ikilisiyar Kristi a kasar Sin ({{Lang|zh-Hant-HK|中華基督教會深愛堂社關團契}}) 
* Jam'iyyar Civic Party (jam'iyyar Citizen Party) 
* Ikon Dimokuradiyya (damuwar dimokuradiyya) 
* Jam'iyyar Democrat (Jam'iyyar Democrates) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=民主黨 |url=https://www.dphk.org/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=www.dphk.org |archive-date=4 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304190853/http://www.dphk.org/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ƙungiyar Pioneer (ƙungiyar farko) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 January 2016 |title=歡迎來到勞動民主網 |url=http://workerdemo.org.hk/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160110010408/http://workerdemo.org.hk/ |archive-date=10 January 2016 |access-date=16 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kula da Bayanai ta Asiya (Cibiyar Binciken Bayanai ta musamman ta Asiya) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Asia Monitor Resource Centre |url=https://www.amrc.org.hk/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=Asia Monitor Resource Centre |language=en |archive-date=26 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226182727/https://amrc.org.hk/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Kungiyar Social Democrats (haɗin zamantakewar dimokuradiyya) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=社會民主連線 League of Social Democrats – 沒有抗爭 那有改變！ |url=http://www.lsd.org.hk/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |language=zh-HK}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Hong Kong Human Rights Monitor (tsaron kula da haƙƙin ɗan adam na Hong Kong) 
* Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Hong Kong (Kwamitin Kare Hakkin Jama'a na Hong Kong) 
* Kungiyar Dalibai ta Jami'ar Hong Kong ta kasar Sin ({{Lang|zh-Hant-HK|香港中文大學學生會}}) 
* Hukumar Shari'a da Zaman Lafiya ta H.K. Katolika Diocese ({{Lang|zh-Hant-HK|香港天主教正義和平委員會}}) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=首頁 :: 香港天主教正義和平委員會 |url=http://www.hkjp.org/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=www.hkjp.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Hukumar Katolika ta Hong Kong don Harkokin Ayyuka (kwamitin Harkokin Ayyukan Ayyuka na Katolika na Hong Kong) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=香港天主教勞工事務委員會 |url=http://www.hkccla.org.hk/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=www.hkccla.org.hk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211022113/http://www.hkccla.org.hk/ |archive-date=11 February 2021 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China (Mutanen Hong Kong suna goyon bayan Ƙungiyar Demokradiyya ta Ƙasa) 
* Cibiyar Ci gaban Dimokuradiyya ta Hong Kong (cibiyar Ci gaban Demokradiyya ta Hongong) 
* Babban Kungiyar Ma'aikatan Jama'a ta Hong Kong (香港 Social Workers' General Union) 
* Cibiyar Binciken Ilimi ta Hong Kong (cibiyar Bincike ta Ilimi ta Hoto) 
* Cibiyar Kirista ta Hong Kong (香港 Kirista ta Kimiyya) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=香港基督徒學會 |url=http://hkci.org.hk/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |language=zh-TW}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Majalisar Kirista ta Mata ta Hong Kong (Kungiyar Kirista ta Mata a香港) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=香港婦女基督徒協會 |url=https://hkwcc.org.hk/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=香港婦女基督徒協會 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union (Kungiyar Kwararrun Malamai ta Hong Kong) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=香港教育專業人員協會 {{!}} Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union |url=https://www.hkptu.org/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=www.hkptu.org |archive-date=10 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110080353/https://www.hkptu.org/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Unison (Hong Kong融樂會) 
* Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions (香港 sana'a tarayyar) 
* Kiristoci don Hong Kong Society (Kiristoci suna kula da makarantar ta香港) 
* Ayyukan bakan gizo (matsayi na彩虹) 
* Sham Shui Po Community Association (ƙungiyar yankin zurfi) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Sham Shui Po Community Association - 深水埗社區協會(公益金會員機構) {{!}} {{!}} 一條心，為街坊，爭權益，永不忘 |url=https://sspca.org.hk/wordpress/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |language=zh-TW}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Zi Teng ({{Lang|zh-Hant-HK|紫藤}}) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=About Us - Zi Teng |url=http://www.ziteng.org.hk/eng/about-us |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=www.ziteng.org.hk |archive-date=11 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211121934/http://www.ziteng.org.hk/eng/about-us |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kula da Ma'aikata da Ma'aikatan Gida (Shugabancin Ma'aikata na Gida) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=街坊工友服務處 – 街坊工友服務處 |url=http://www.nwsc.org.hk/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |language=zh-TW}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* New World First Bus Company Staff Union (sabon duniya na farko na kamfanin bas) 
* Ƙungiyar Ci gaban Mata ({{Lang|zh-Hant-HK|新婦女協進會}}) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=新婦女協進會 |url=https://aaf.org.hk/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=新婦女協進會 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Kwai Chung Ƙungiyar Kirista ta Ƙasa
* Mutanen da ke shirin aiki (mutumin da ke shirin) 
* Neo Democrats (sabon jam'iyyar Democrat) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=超級議員 |url=http://neodemocrats.hk/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=neodemocrats.hk}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Jam'iyyar Labour (Jami'iyyar kwadago) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=工黨 Labour Party |url=http://labour.org.hk/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324233318/http://labour.org.hk/ |archive-date=24 March 2019 |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=工黨 Labour Party |language=zh-TW}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ofishin hadin gwiwa na masu ba da shawara A Nok-hin &amp; Lo Kin-hei (區諾軒 羅健 majalisar wakilai hadin gwiwa) 
* {{Not a typo|iDemocracy}} Asia (Littafin Demokradiyya na kasar Sin) 
* Ƙungiyar Kula da Kula da Kulawar Yara ta Ƙasashen Ƙasashen (mai da hankali ga ƙungiyar kare hakkin yara ta Ƙasashe) 
* Kungiyar Tsaro ta 'Yancin Hong Kong (tsaron 'Yancin香港) 
* Ofishin memba na Majalisar Dokoki na Leung Kwok-hung (ofishin majalisa na梁國雄) 
* Ayyukan Afrilu na biyar (matsayi huɗu da biyar) 
* Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (香港民主民生协会) 
* Kungiyar Ma'aikatan Mata ta Hong Kong (Kungiyar Ma'aikata ta Mata ta Hong Hong Kong) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=香港婦女勞工協會 – 中大女工小賣店 |url=https://hkwwa.org.hk/coop/cuhk-coop/ |access-date=16 February 2021 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Hong Kong reshe na Jam'iyyar Democratic United Front ta kasar Sin (中國民主聯合陣線香港分部) 
* Cibiyar Al'adu ta Tushen (cibiyar Al'adun Tushen) 
* Hong Kong Sex Society (香港性ology) 
* Kungiyar Mata ta Hong Kong (kungiyar Mata ta香港) 
* Jami'ar Abode (Jami'ar Porto) 
* Ofishin Kula da Al'umma na Cen Yonggen

== Manazarta ==

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    <title>Charles McDew</title>
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'''Charles “Chuck” McDew''' (23 ga Yuni, 1938 - Afrilu 3, 2018) ɗan Ba’amurke ne mai fafutukar tabbatar da daidaiton launin fata kuma tsohon mai fafutukar [[Ƙungiyar Kare Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|kare hakkin farar hula]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=LibraryOfCongress |title=Civil Rights History Project: Charles F. McDew |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FLac_Y1AIrQ |website=[[YouTube]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan ya halarci Jami'ar Jihar Carolina ta Kudu a Orangeburg, South Carolina, ya zama shugaban Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) daga 1960 zuwa 1963.  Shigarsa a cikin motsi ya ba McDew lakabi, &quot;baƙar fata, Bayahude ta zabi kuma mai neman sauyi ta larura&quot; inji Bob SNCC . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Moses, Bob |date=January 22, 1962 |title=Letter From Magnolia |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1962/1/22/letter-from-magnolia-pbeditors-note-this/ |access-date=2015-11-11 |website=The Harvard Crimson}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ==
An haifi Charles Frederick McDew a [[Massillon, Ohio]] a cikin 1938, ga Eva (née Stephens) da James McDew. Yana daya daga cikin yara biyar. &lt;ref name=&quot;paquelet.com2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Massillon, OH Funeral Home &amp; Cremation {{!}} Paquelet and Paquelet &amp; Arnold-Lynch Funeral Homes |url=https://www.paquelet.com/obituary/Charles-Frederick-McDew/St.-Paul-Minnesota/1791521 |access-date=2019-06-03 |website=www.paquelet.com |archive-date=2019-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603082046/https://www.paquelet.com/obituary/Charles-Frederick-McDew/St.-Paul-Minnesota/1791521 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Mahaifiyar Mcdew ta yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya kuma mahaifinsa, wanda ya kasance malamin ilmin sinadarai a [[South Carolina]], ya zama ma'aikacin karfe bayan makarantun Ohio sun ƙi ɗaukar shi.  A cewar tarihin rayuwar McDew, ya yi imanin cewa ranar haihuwarsa ta kasance sananne saboda an haife shi a ranar da dan dambe [[Joe Louis]] ya doke [[Max Schmeling]] a gasar zakarun ajin masu nauyi na duniya. McDew ya gamsu da dattawansa cewa an ƙaddara shi don yin wani abu mai kyau ko mai kyau ga tseren &quot; [[Negro]] &quot;. McDew ya kuma kira kansa a matsayin &quot;jaririn tsere&quot;, manufa da 'yan uwa ba su taba siffanta masa ba, amma wanda ya yi imanin zai bayyana wa kansa yayin da makomarsa za ta bayyana. &quot;Ina da alhakin yin wani abu don tseren. Ba a taba bayyana abin da zan yi don tseren ba, amma ana sa ran zan yi wani abu don taimakawa tseren launin fata don ci gaba.&quot; 

McDew ya taso ne a cikin dangin da suka yi magana kadan game da ci gaban [[Hakkokin Jama'a Da Na Siyasa|'yancin ɗan adam]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt; Ko da yake akwai ƙananan magana a kan wannan batu, McDew ya nuna misalinsa na farko na tsara al'umma lokacin da yake kawai a cikin digiri na takwas. &lt;ref name=&quot;AAR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Charles McDew, Activist and Educator |url=http://www.aaregistry.org/?q=historic_events/view/charles-mcdew-activist-and-educator |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810122703/http://www.aaregistry.org/?q=historic_events/view/charles-mcdew-activist-and-educator |archive-date=August 10, 2014 |website=African American Registry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Da yake nuna rashin amincewa da 'yancin 'yancin addini, McDew ya tashi ta hanyar nuna rashin amincewa da nuna bambanci ga Amish yana da shekaru 13. &lt;ref name=&quot;AAR&quot; /&gt;

Yayin da ya tsufa, McDew ya yi fatan guje wa yin aiki a cikin masana'antar karfe ta hanyar cin nasarar karatun ƙwallon ƙafa zuwa kwaleji. Sakamakon wani hatsarin mota da ya yi, ya daina yin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa don haka mahaifinsa ya bukaci McDew ya je Kudu don ya fuskanci &quot;al'adunsa&quot; don faɗaɗa ra'ayinsa game da irin aikin da zai iya yi. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt; Lokacin da ya isa makarantar mahaifin mahaifinsa, Jami'ar Jihar Carolina ta Kudu, Charles ya yi tunanin cewa mahaifinsa shine &quot;mutumin da ya fi hazaka da rai.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Bai taɓa ganin 'yan mata baƙar fata da yawa ba, McDew nan take ya san ya zaɓi kwalejin da ta dace. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Kwalejin ==
A lokacin [[Thanksgiving (United States)|godiyarsa]] ta farko a harabar, McDew ya yanke shawarar tafiya tare da abokin zamansa, Charles Gatson, zuwa yankin da Gatson yake da iyali saboda zai kasance mai rahusa fiye da komawa [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]] kuma an rufe makarantu a lokacin waɗannan bukukuwan. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=LibraryOfCongress |title=Civil Rights History Project: Charles F. McDew |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FLac_Y1AIrQ |website=[[YouTube]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin hutunsu, su biyu, da wasunsu, suka tafi wurin liyafa. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; McDew da mutunci ya yanke shawarar zama direban da aka zaba, amma a kan hanyarsu ta komawa gida, wani dan sanda ya ja su. Ba tare da sanin yadda za a yi magana da wani jami'i a Kudu daban-daban fiye da na Arewa ba, McDew ya amsa tambayoyin jami'in da ɗan sass. Wannan ya kai ga duka da kama Charles McDew na farko. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; Kashegari, McDew yana kan hanyarsa ta zuwa tashar jirgin ƙasa don komawa makaranta An cika karusar Jim Crow don baƙar fata, don haka McDew ya zauna a cikin fararen kaya. Da yake gaya masa cewa zai je ya zauna a cikin jigilar kaya, &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; ya ƙi, wanda ya kai ga kama Charles McDew na biyu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; Kama na uku ya faru ne lokacin da shi da wani mazaunin Massillon, Mike Hershberger, suka je wasan ƙwallon hannu a YMCA a Columbia, SC An kama su da ƙoƙarin haɗa Y.

== Addini ==
McDew ya koma addinin Yahudanci yayin da yake makarantar sakandare. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Wannan, tare da faɗin &quot;Idan ba na kaina ba, wa zai kasance a gare ni? Idan na kaina ne kawai, menene ni? Idan ba yanzu ba, yaushe?&quot; daga Talmud, shine abin da ya jagoranci McDew zuwa [[Yahudanci|addinin Yahudanci]] da kuma &quot;wajibi&quot; na McDew na halin kirki don yin yaki don adalci. 

== Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa ==
McDew ya mutu ne a ranar 3 ga Afrilu, 2018, sakamakon bugun zuciya yayin da ya ziyarci abokin aikinsa da ya dade a Massachusetts. Ya kasance 79.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Charles Frederick McDew |url=https://www.brezniakrodman.com/obituary-archive/charles-frederick-mcdew/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613085749/https://www.brezniakrodman.com/obituary-archive/charles-frederick-mcdew/ |archive-date=2018-06-13 |access-date=2019-06-03 |website=Brezniak Rodman Funeral Directors}}&lt;/ref&gt;

McDew ya rasu da 'yarsa, Eva Goodman. Ya zauna a St. Paul, Minnesota. Ya yi ritaya daga Jami'ar Jihar Metropolitan a Minneapolis, Minnesota, inda ya koyar da darussa a cikin tarihin ƙungiyoyin 'yancin ɗan adam, tarihin Afirka-Amurka da azuzuwan wayar da kan jama'a da al'adu. &lt;ref name=&quot;paquelet.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Massillon, OH Funeral Home &amp; Cremation {{!}} Paquelet and Paquelet &amp; Arnold-Lynch Funeral Homes |url=https://www.paquelet.com/obituary/Charles-Frederick-McDew/St.-Paul-Minnesota/1791521 |access-date=2019-06-03 |website=www.paquelet.com |archive-date=2019-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603082046/https://www.paquelet.com/obituary/Charles-Frederick-McDew/St.-Paul-Minnesota/1791521 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Report |first=T&amp;D Staff |date=9 April 2018 |title=Noted civil rights activist Charles McDew dies at age 79 |url=https://thetandd.com/news/local/noted-civil-rights-activist-charles-mcdew-dies-at-age/article_be544cf2-2644-5916-afc6-139fb0c7691b.html |access-date=2019-06-03 |website=The Times and Democrat |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603082045/https://thetandd.com/news/local/noted-civil-rights-activist-charles-mcdew-dies-at-age/article_be544cf2-2644-5916-afc6-139fb0c7691b.html |archive-date=2019-06-03 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1938]]
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  <page>
    <title>'Yancin Dan Adam a Brunei</title>
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Tun daga shekara ta 1967, [[Hassanal Bolkiah|Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah]] ya jagoranci [[Brunei]] a matsayin masarauta. Hukumomin gaggawa sun bai wa sarkin damar yin mulki kusan ba tare da tangarda ba tun daga 1962. Majalisar dokoki, wadda ta ƙunshi naɗaɗɗen naɗaɗɗen, zaɓe a kaikaice, da tsofaffin membobin, suna yin taro akai-akai a duk shekara kuma suna aiki kawai a matsayin ƙungiya mai ba da shawara don ƙaddamarwa da amincewa da dokoki da tsare-tsaren kashe kudi. Rundunar ‘yan sanda ta Royal Brunei (RBPF) da kuma ma’aikatar tsaron cikin gida (ISD) wadanda ofishin Firayim Minista da ma’aikatar harkokin cikin gida ke kula da su, su ne ke da alhakin tabbatar da oda da kuma tabbatar da doka a cikin al’ummar kasar.

Sa ido mai zaman kansa kan yanayin haƙƙin ɗan adam ya kasance ƙalubale saboda rashin gaskiya. Idan aka aiwatar da sauye-sauyen lokaci zuwa ga kundin tsarin shari'a, zai ba da damar yin amfani da hukuncin kisa da kuma hukuncin kisa a kan laifuffuka daban-daban da suka hada da sara da jifa, wadanda ke zama azabtarwa. Bitar za ta nuna wa mata wariya kuma za ta tauye yancin mutane na tunani, lamiri, da addini.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human rights in Brunei Darussalam 2017/2018 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/asia-and-the-pacific/south-east-asia-and-the-pacific/brunei-darussalam/report-brunei-darussalam/ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shari'a ==

=== Shari'ar Shari'a ta Syariah ===
A ranar 3 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2019, Dokar Laifukan Syariah ta Brunei (2013) ta fara aiki. Sabuwar dokar tana nuna wariya ga mafiya rauni a cikin al'umma, ciki har da yara, mata, da tsiraru na addini da masu canjin launin Jinsi,kuma suna yin illa ga muhimman hakkokin bil'adama. Yawancin bangarori na kundin sun sabawa alkawuran Brunei ga dokokin kasa da kasa na al'ada da kuma yarjejeniyar haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙasa da ƙasa wanda Brunei ke ciki. Brunei ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar kawar da duk wani nau'i na nuna wariya ga mata da yarjejeniyar 'yancin yara (CEDAW). Brunei ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar yaki da azabtarwa da sauran muguwar dabi'a, wulakanci ko wulakanci ko azabtarwa, amma har yanzu ba ta amince da shi ba. A matsayinta na mamba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Brunei ta sha alwashin kiyaye ka'idojin Yarjejeniyar Kare Hakkokin Bil'adama ta Duniya, wadanda ake tunanin wakilci ne na dokokin kasa da kasa da aka amince da su.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-05-22 |title=Brunei's Pernicious New Penal Code |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/05/22/bruneis-pernicious-new-penal-code |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Human Rights Watch |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yaki da fataucin mutane ===
Gwamnatin Brunei ta tilasta bin doka ta haɓaka ƙoƙarin yaƙi da fataucin mutane. Dokar hana fataucin mutane ta 2019 ta haramta fataucin jima'i da fataucin aiki da kuma hukuncin da aka tsara, wanda ake ganin ya yi tsauri. Bugu da kari, wata kila gwamnati ta yi amfani da Babi na 120 Sashe na 5 na Dokar Laifin Mata da 'Yan Mata wajen gurfanar da wadanda suka aikata laifin safarar jima'i. Koyaya, adadin laifuffukan da ake zargi da fataucin da aka gabatar don bita da yuwuwar bincike ya ragu daga shari'o'i 147 a cikin 2020 zuwa 134 a cikin 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakki na asali ==

=== 'Yanci na magana ===
Tsarin mulki da dokoki ba su haɗa da wani tanadi na [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|'yancin magana]] ba. Ana ba wa membobin Majalisar Dokoki damar &quot;bayyana ra'ayoyinsu kyauta&quot; a madadin mutane, amma ba a ba su damar amfani da harshe ko aiki a hanyoyin da &quot;marasa hakki, zagi, abin kunya, ko lalacewa&quot;. Kalubale game da &quot;tsarin ko muhimmancin ra'ayin ƙasa, ra'ayin mulkin mallaka na Musulunci na Malay,&quot; an haramta su ta hanyar doka. Dangane da wannan ka'idar, mulkin mallaka ne kawai zai iya kula da hakkoki da gata na tseren [[Brunei Malay]], kuma an sanya Islama a matsayin addinin ƙasa. Duk wani aiki, abu, ko sanarwa da aka nufa don haifar da &quot;ra'ayi na rashin son kai ko ƙiyayya&quot; doka ta haramta shi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar kungiyar masu fafutuka ta Reporters Without Borders (RSF), sanya ido kan kai shi ne al'ada ga 'yan jarida a Brunei, wanda aka sanya a matsayi na 154 a cikin kasashe 180 a matsayin 'yancin 'yan jarida. Don rahoton da aka yanke hukunci na karya da mugunta, jami'ai suna da ikon rufe jaridu ba tare da hujja ba, tara, da kuma daure 'yan jarida har na tsawon shekaru uku. Gidan Talabijin na gwamnati shi ne kawai tashar tashar a Brunei. Iyalin Sultan ne ke tafiyar da [[Borneo]] Bulletin, babbar jarida ta yau da kullun ta harshen Ingilishi a cikin al'umma, kuma da yawa daga cikin marubutanta suna yin tauye kai. Scoop, bugu na kan layi wanda aka yi muhawara a cikin 2017, yana ba da ɗaukar hoto na siyasa da al'umma na Brunei.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fundamental freedoms still severely restricted in Brunei |url=https://monitor.civicus.org/explore/fundamental-freedoms-still-severely-restricted-brunei/ |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=Civicus Monitor |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shahiran Sheriffudin bin Shahrani Muhammad, ma’aikacin gwamnati, an sauke shi ne a ranar 27 ga watan Yuli, kuma an zarge shi a karkashin sashe na 4 (1) (c) na dokar tada zaune tsaye da yin kalamai a Facebook cewa ma’aikatar kula da harkokin addini ta samu “mummuna”. Don tsoron sakamakon shari'a, 'yan jarida da masu fafutuka na kan layi sun ci gaba da tantance kansu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human rights in Brunei Darussalam 2017/2018 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/asia-and-the-pacific/south-east-asia-and-the-pacific/brunei-darussalam/report-brunei-darussalam/ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 'Yanci na taro da motsi ===
Hukumomin gaggawa na gwamnati sun tauye ‘yancin yin taro a kasar nan. Taron jama'a na mutane 10 ko fiye yana buƙatar izini daga gwamnati, kuma 'yan sanda na iya tarwatsa taron da ba na hukuma ba na mutane biyar ko fiye da ake ganin za su iya haifar da dagula zaman lafiya. Gwamnati na ba da izini akai-akai don abubuwan da suka faru na shekara-shekara, amma lokaci-lokaci suna tarwatsa taron siyasa ko kuma wani abin ban sha'awa. Al'ummar LGBTQI+ sun ba da rahoton cewa hukumomi sun fasa wani taron a karshen watan Janairu saboda rashin izini. Masu shirya abubuwan da suka faru a kan batutuwa masu mahimmanci sukan gudanar da tarurruka a cikin sirri maimakon neman izini ko gudanar da ayyukan tantance kansu a abubuwan da suka faru na jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fundamental freedoms still severely restricted in Brunei |url=https://monitor.civicus.org/explore/fundamental-freedoms-still-severely-restricted-brunei/ |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=Civicus Monitor |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dokokin da suka daɗe suna tauye haƙƙin haɗawa. Ba tare da izini ba, babu wata ƙungiya ta mutane sama da goma da za su taru saboda kowane dalili, kuma ana kiyaye waɗannan ƙa'idodi akai-akai. Taron mutane biyar ko fiye da ba a hukumance ba wanda 'yan sanda ke ganin zai iya kawo cikas ga zaman lafiya na iya tarwatsa su. Dole ne Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida ya amince da duk izini. A al'adance, gwamnati ta ba da izinin gudanar da bukukuwa na shekara, amma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ta kan yi amfani da wannan ikon lokaci-lokaci wajen dakile tarukan siyasa. Maimakon neman izini ko shigar da kai a al'amuran jama'a, waɗanda ke da alhakin shirya abubuwan da ke da mahimmanci suna yawan yin taro cikin sirri.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fundamental freedoms still severely restricted in Brunei |url=https://monitor.civicus.org/explore/fundamental-freedoms-still-severely-restricted-brunei/ |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=Civicus Monitor |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dokar ba ta ba da ’yancin yin tarayya ba, kuma ana buƙatar ƙungiyoyin hukuma su yi rajista da magatakardar ƙungiyoyin jama’a tare da bayar da rahoton ayyukansu. Gwamnati na iya dakatar da ayyukan kungiyoyin da suka yi rajista idan ta ga yana da maslaha ga jama'a. Ƙungiyoyin da ke neman tara kuɗi ko gudummawa daga jama'a suna buƙatar izini daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida da izini na kowane mutum don kowane aikin tara kuɗi. Gwamnati na karɓar mafi yawan aikace-aikacen kafa ƙungiyoyi, amma masu nema suna ƙarƙashin binciken bayanan baya da buƙatun suna. Ƙungiyoyin da aka amince da su suna magance al'amura kamar gurbatar yanayi, adana namun daji, fasaha, kasuwanci, da mata a cikin kasuwanci.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Seria_20_November_2022_12.jpg|thumb|Masallacin Pekan zai kasance]]

=== 'Yanci na addini ===
Addinin hukuma a Brunei shine [[Mabiya Sunnah|Musulunci na Sunni]], amma kundin tsarin mulki ya ba da izinin yin zaman lafiya ga dukkan addinai. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da dokar Shari'a, wanda ya hada da azabtarwa ta [[Kafar Azaba|jiki]] da ta babban birnin don laifuka kamar ridda da saɓo, kodayake ba a aiwatar da hukuntawa ta kisa ba tun 1957. Gwamnati ta ba da izinin 'yan tsiraru na addinai wadanda ba Musulmai ba su yi imani da su amma ta haramta kungiyoyin addinai da ta dauka &quot;marasa kyau&quot;. Duk wuraren ibada an rufe su saboda COVID-19, kuma ba a sanar da wuraren ibada wadanda ba na Musulunci ba game da rufewa. Gwamnati ba ta tabbatar da [[Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa]] ba. Wadanda ba Musulmai ba suna ci gaba da fuskantar ƙuntatawa game da ikon su na tuba, kuma a wani lamari, jami'an al'ada sun kwace Littafi Mai-Tsarki amma ana iya dawo da su tare da amincewar rubuce-rubuce daga sassan gwamnati daban-daban.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Report on International Religious Freedom: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-report-on-international-religious-freedom/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gwamnati ta ci gaba da kokarin da ta yi na dogon lokaci don hana wasu addinai da tallafawa [[Shafi`iyya|Makarantar Shafii]] ta Sunni Islam. Kungiyoyin addinai waɗanda ba su bi makarantar Shafii ta Sunni Islama suna ƙarƙashin dokoki da ka'idoji. A cikin shekara ta 2012, akwai ɗan canji kaɗan a cikin tsarin yadda gwamnati ke girmama 'yancin addini. Bisa ga haɗin addini, imani, ko aiki, akwai wasu rahotanni game da cin zarafin jama'a ko nuna bambanci. Ƙungiyoyin addinai a cikin al'umma galibi sun kasance tare cikin jituwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Refugees |first=United Nations High Commissioner for |title=Refworld {{!}} 2012 Report on International Religious Freedom – Brunei |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/519dd4e114.html |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=Refworld |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 'Yancin siyasa ===
Sarki ne ke mulkin kasar ta hanyar haihuwa ta gado, kuma 'yan kasa ba su da ikon zabar mulkinsu. Tun daga shekarar 1962 ne aka fara amfani da ikon gaggawa, duk bayan shekaru biyu da sarkin musulmi ke sabunta shi. Majalisar dokoki ba ta da iko mai zaman kansa kuma da farko tana ba da dandalin tattaunawa na jama'a game da shirye-shiryen gwamnati, kasafin kuɗi, da gazawar gudanarwa. Zaɓen majalisar tuntuɓar ƙauye yana ba da damar kada kuri'a ta hanyar jefa kuri'a a asirce ga mutane masu shekaru 18 da haihuwa, amma dole ne 'yan takara su kasance Musulmi, wanda Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida ta amince da su, kuma sun kasance ɗan ƙasa ko mazaunin dindindin sama da shekaru 15. Jam’iyyar siyasa daya tilo da ta yi rajista, jam’iyyar ci gaban kasa, ta yi alkawarin mara wa sarki da gwamnati baya, kuma ba ta sukar gwamnati.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin yara ==
Uba ko, bayan aiwatar da aikace-aikacen, uwar ita ce tushen zama ɗan ƙasa. Haihuwa a cikin iyakokin ƙasa ba ya ba da ɗan ƙasa. Ana rubuta kowace haihuwa, kuma ana yi wa yara maza da mata daidai. Dole ne iyaye marasa jiha su nemi takardar izini na musamman idan an haifi ɗansu a nan. Rashin yin rikodin haihuwa ya saba wa doka, kuma yin hakan ya sa ya zama ƙalubale wajen sa yaron a makaranta. Duk da cewa ba bisa ka'ida ba ne kuma an yanke masa hukunci, amma da alama bai zama ruwan dare gama gari ba. A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, an yanke wa wani mahaifin da ya yi lalata da 'ya'yansa mata hukuncin daurin shekaru 20 a gidan yari da kuma gwangwani 12. Sashin da aka sadaukar domin binciken laifukan da suka shafi mata da yara wani bangare ne na RBPF, kuma Ma'aikatar Al'adu, Matasa, da Wasanni ta ba da mafaka da kulawa da wadanda abin ya shafa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Matsakaicin shekarun aure na doka a Brunei shine shekaru 14 da watanni bakwai tare da izinin iyaye da mahalarta, sai dai idan dokokin addini ko na al'ada sun saita mafi ƙarancin shekaru. Dokar Iyali ta Musulunci ta kayyade mafi karancin shekaru 16 ga 'yan mata musulmi, da maza musulmi 18, kuma laifi ne a tilasta wa wani ya yi aure ba tare da son ransa ba. Dole ne ‘yan kabilar China su zama 15 ko sama da haka kafin su yi aure, kuma jima’i da yarinya ‘yar kabilar China ‘yar kasa da shekara 15 ana daukar su fyade ko da tare da mijinta. Auren da ya shafi yara ƙanana ba safai ba ne kuma gabaɗaya al'adar zamantakewa ta haramta. Yin jima'i da yarinya 'yar kasa da shekaru 14 fyade ne kuma za'a iya yanke hukuncin daurin shekaru 30 a gidan yari da mafi karancin gwangwani 12 kamar yadda doka ta tanada. Dokar ta kāre mata, ’yan mata, da yara maza daga yin amfani da su don yin karuwanci da kuma “wasu maƙasudai na lalata,” irin su batsa, da suka haɗa da yin lalata da kasuwanci. Don ci gaba da yi wa matasa maza fyade, gwamnati ta yi amfani da dokar da ta haramta &quot;jima'i ta jiki da ta sabawa tsarin yanayi.&quot; Bayan aure, manya masu yarda dole ne su kasance aƙalla shekaru 16. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar Datin Paduka Hajah Norlida binti Dato Paduka Haji Abdul Jalil, babban sakatare na dindindin na ma'aikatar al'adu, matasa, da wasanni na kasar Brunei, tun bayan da aka fara tantance kasar a shekarar 2003, an yi kokari da dama wadanda suka daga darajar Brunei Darussalam na bin ka'idojin Yarjejeniyar. An amince da wasu shawarwarin kwamitin, yayin da wasu suka samu ci gaba. A karshen watan Agustan 2015, Brunei ta soke ƙin amincewarta ga sakin layi na 20 na ƙaramin sakin layi na 1 da na 2 da ƙaramin sakin layi na 21 (a). Mataki na 14, Mataki na 20 (3), da Mataki na 21 (b-e), da kuma wasu sassan Yarjejeniyar da ba za su dace da Musulunci ba, addinin hukuma na Brunei, na ci gaba da kasancewa cikin tanadi. Sun bayyana kwarin guiwar cewa duk samari za su yi aure tun suna shekara 18 kuma za a haramta bulala da azabtar da jiki a kowane wuri. Kwararru sun tattauna batutuwa irin su bautar da yara, ra'ayoyin jinsi mara kyau, kaciyar mata, ilimin jama'a da na addini, da tsarin shari'a na yara. An yaba wa Brunei don samun manyan matakan karatu da ilimi. Kwararrun sun yi sha'awar ƙarin koyo game da madadin kulawa da tsarin tallafi, tsarin karɓuwa, yawan [[kiba]] da matakan da aka ɗauka don magance matsalar, da kuma yiwuwar zubar da ciki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Committee on the Rights of the Child considers the report of Brunei Darussalam |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2016/01/committee-rights-child-considers-report-brunei-darussalam |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=OHCHR |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== 'Yancin mata ==
Doka ta duniya ta tanadi ɗauri da gwangwani a matsayin hukuncin fyade, yayin da dokar hukunta laifukan Shari’a ta tanadi jifan kisa a matsayin mafi girman hukuncin. Dokar ba ta haramta yi wa maza fyade ko fyaden ma’aurata ba, kuma jima’i da namiji da matarsa ba za a yi la’akari da shi a matsayin fyade ba matukar ba ta kai shekara 14 ba (15 ga matan Sinawa). Babu takamaiman dokar musgunawa cikin gida, amma hukumomi na iya kama mutane a karkashin dokar da ta shafi kare mata da 'yan mata. Hukuncin cin zarafi na cikin gida ya kasance daga mako daya zuwa biyu a gidan yari da kuma tarar karamin hari zuwa gwangwani da kuma hukuncin dauri mai tsawo saboda mummunan rauni. Dokar iyali ta Musulunci ta ba da kariya daga cin zarafin ma'aurata tare da ba da izinin ba da umarnin kariya, tare da hukuncin da ya saba wa dokar kariya ya zama tara mai yawa, ɗauri har zuwa watanni shida, ko duka biyun.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gyara ga Shari'ar Shari'a ta haɗa da sassan da, idan aka aiwatar da su, za su kara nuna bambanci ga mata, gami da sanya [[Mata a musulunchi|Mata Musulmi]] marasa aure su zauna a gidan mai kula da su da kuma aikata laifuka a [[Aure a Musulunci|waje da aure]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human rights in Brunei Darussalam 2017/2018 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/asia-and-the-pacific/south-east-asia-and-the-pacific/brunei-darussalam/report-brunei-darussalam/ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin nakasassu ==
Doka a wannan ƙasa ba ta buƙatar samun dama ko haramta wariya ga nakasassu a yawancin ayyukan jama'a, gami da samun dama ga gine-gine, sufuri, da sadarwa. Koyaya, ana ba da sabis na ilimi ga nakasassu a makarantun gwamnati da na addini. Gwamnati kuma tana ba da shirye-shiryen wayar da kan jama'a da kuma tallafin nakasassu kowane wata ga yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 15. Kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu suna aiki don ƙara ayyukan gwamnati. Gwamnati ta bullo da wasu hanyoyin biyan kudi don tabbatar da cewa nakasassu sun sami alawus alawus din su yayin bala'in COVID-19. Ba a yi magana ta musamman game da samun damar yin shari'a ga nakasassu ba. Duk mutane, ba tare da la'akari da nakasa ba, suna da haƙƙoƙi iri ɗaya da samun damar kiwon lafiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Cinikin mutane ==
Ma'aikatan kasashen waje, galibi daga [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], [[Filipin|Philippines]], [[Bangladesh]], da China, suna cikin haɗari ga cin zarafin masu fataucin mutane a Brunei. Masu fataucin mutane suna amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban kamar tilasta wa masu bashi, rashin biyan albashi, kwace fasfo, da cin zarafin jiki don cin zarafin Ma'aikatan ƙaura. Wasu mata masu ƙaura da suka isa kan biza ta yawon bude ido na iya tilasta su shiga [[Cinikin jima'i|fataucin jima'i]], yayin da wadanda ke fama da fataucin a [[Maleshiya|Malaysia]] ko Indonesia na iya wucewa ta Brunei. Dokokin Anti-LGBTQI + suma suna kara haɗarin cin hanci da rashawa ga mutane LGBTQI +, waɗanda suka riga sun kasance cikin haɗarin fataucin mutane. Masana da ke aiki a kan kokarin yaki da fataucin mutane a Brunei suma suna fuskantar barazanar masu fataucin kaya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Shari'a ===
Kotuna ba su hukunta duk wani mai fataucin mutane a Brunei a shekara ta biyar a jere. Gwamnati na buƙatar shaidar ƙarfin jiki, zamba, ko tilastawa ta jiki don bincika laifin fataucin, kuma ba ta binciki shari'o'in da waɗanda ake zargi da fataucin suka yi amfani da ba tilastawa ba. Dogara ga shaidar wanda aka azabtar da kuma rashin matakan bincike na musamman don tabbatar da shaida ya haifar da bincike da kuma gurfanar da su a karkashin dokar hana fataucin mutane. Gwamnati ta gaza fahimtar yawaitar fataucin mutane da alamomin da ke da alaka da aiki, wanda ke kawo cikas ga yunkurin yaki da fataucin mutane. Gwamnati ba ta binciki duk wasu laifuffukan fataucin da ake zargi da aikatawa ba, kuma ta mai da hankali kan laifukan da masu aikata laifuka daga kasashen waje ke aikatawa maimakon masu laifi na Brune. Gwamnatin Brunei ba ta bayar da rahoton wani bincike, tuhuma, ko hukunci na ma'aikatan gwamnati da ke da hannu a safarar mutane ba, amma cin hanci da rashawa da hadin gwiwar hukuma a cikin laifukan fataucin sun kasance abin damuwa. Gwamnati ta tuhumi jami'an da ke da hannu a zamba ta hanyar biza amma ba su ba gwamnatocin kasashen waje hadin kai ba kan tuhume-tuhumen da ake yi na fataucin cikin gida da suka shafi 'yan kasashen waje.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Karewa ===
Gwamnatin Brunei ta rage kokarinta na kare wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane. Duk da cewa suna da daidaitattun hanyoyin aiki (SOPs) don gano wanda aka azabtar, turawa, da kariya, gwamnati ba ta bayar da rahoton gano duk wanda aka yi wa fataucin mutane ba a shekara ta biyu a jere. Har ila yau, SOPs ba su bincika alamun fataucin mutane ba tsakanin mutane na LGBTQI + ko manya da aka kama don shiga cikin [[Karuwanci|Jima'i na kasuwanci]]. An ruwaito cewa gwamnati ta gurfanar da wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane kuma ta yanke musu hukunci saboda cin zarafin shige da fice, kuma ta fitar da ma'aikatan kasashen waje wadanda ma'aikatan Bruneian suka hana albashi ko kulawar likita. Wadannan ayyukan sun ci gaba da tsoro tsakanin wadanda abin ya shafa kuma sun haifar da gagarumin ganewa da gibin samar da sabis. Masu sa ido sun yi kira ga tsarin sadarwa na yau da kullun tsakanin ofisoshin jakadancin gwamnatin kasashen waje da gwamnatin Bruneian don kara hadin gwiwa kan rahotanni na laifukan fataucin mutane.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rigakafi ===
Gwamnatin Brunei ta rage kokarin hana fataucin mutane. Suna da kwamitin yaki da fataucin mutane da ke yin taro a kowace shekara kuma suna aiwatar da shirinsu na kasa da aka samar a watan Nuwamba 2020. Duk da haka, ma'aikatar kwadago ba ta fitar da ka'idoji kan haramcin cajin kudade, albashi, riba, ko diyya ta wakilan daukar ma'aikata, kuma babu sa ido kan wannan tanadi. Gwamnatin Bruneiya ta bukaci ma’aikatan kasashen waje da su sanya hannu a kwangilolinsu a gaban jami’in kwadago don hana jabu da tabbatar da bin doka. Koyaya, duk kwangilolin an rubuta su a cikin tsari iri ɗaya kuma ba a ba da takamaiman bayani ba dangane da aikin ma'aikata ko bayanin matsayi. Gwamnati ba ta tabbatar da cewa ana yin kwangila a cikin yaren farko na ma'aikata ba ko kuma sun riƙe kwafin kwangilar su. Gwamnati ba ta kuma aiwatar da dokar da ta dace da ta hana masu daukar ma'aikata hana albashi ko rike fasfo na ma'aikata. Cutar sankarau ta COVID-19 ta hana gwamnati damar gudanar da baje kolin hanyoyin yaki da safarar mutane da kuma yakin wayar da kan jama’a, amma wata kafar yada labarai mallakar gwamnati ta ci gaba da buga labarai kan fataucin da ‘yancin ’yan kwadago.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin 'yan asalin ƙasar ==
Waɗannan mutanen ƙasar ba su da wata jiha tasu. Babu wata ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun iyakoki a kusa da yankunan ƴan asalin, kuma majalisar dokoki ko sauran hukumomin gwamnati ba su da wani wakilci na ƙabilu na asali. ’Yan asalin ƙasar sun ɗan taka rawa wajen zaɓin da ya shafi yankunansu, al’adu, da al’adunsu da kuma yin amfani da albarkatun ƙasa a ciki da kuma ƙarƙashin ƙasa na asali, gami da makamashi da ma’adanai.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ƙungiyoyin Malay na 'yan asali bakwai-Belait, Bisaya, Brunei, Dusun (Brunei), Kedayan, Murut ko Tutong - an jera su a matsayin masu cancanta ta atomatik don zama dan kasa a cikin Dokar Ƙasa ta Brunei na 1961. A wani wuri, ya lissafa ƙarin al'ummomin 15 waɗanda kuma ake la'akari da su 'yan asalin zuwa Brunei, Dayas, Kayanlanda ([[Kenya]]), Dayas, Kayanland (ciki har da Sabups da Sipengs), Kajangs (ciki har da Sekapans, Kejamans, Lahanans, Punans, Tajongs da Kanowits), Lugats, Lisums, Melanaus, Penans, Sians, Tagals, Tabuns da Ukits. Duk da cewa an amince da su a matsayin ƴan asalin ƙasar nan, ba a ba su zama ɗan ƙasa kai tsaye ba. Ka'idojin da dole ne su cika sun fi tsauri, yayin da samun uba wanda memba ne na ɗaya daga cikin al'ummomin &quot;Malay&quot; na asali bakwai ya isa ba da izinin zama ɗan ƙasa nan da nan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-06-19 |title=Dusun, Murut, Kedayan, Iban, Tutong, Penan |url=https://minorityrights.org/minorities/dusun-murut-kedayan-iban-tutong-penan/ |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Minority Rights Group |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kashewa da azabtarwa ta jiki ==
Duk da kasancewarsa mai kawar da kai a ka'idar, rataya ya kasance hukunci na gama-gari don laifuka da dama, da suka haɗa da kisan kai, ta'addanci, da laifukan da suka haɗa da kwayoyi. Gyaran dokar Penal Code, idan aka fara aiki a mataki na uku, zai sa aikata laifuka kamar zina, luwadi, da fyade hukuncin kisa ta hanyar jefewa. Duk musulmi da wanda ba musulmi ba, wadanda suka yi zina da musulmi, za a yanke musu hukuncin kisa ta hanyar jifa ko bulala 100, gwargwadon matsayin auren wanda ya aikata laifin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human rights in Brunei Darussalam 2017/2018 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/asia-and-the-pacific/south-east-asia-and-the-pacific/brunei-darussalam/report-brunei-darussalam/ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Duk da yake babu wata alama cewa an aiwatar da dokokin jinsi guda kwanan nan, akwai da'awar cewa dokar da ta sa nuna bambancin jinsi ba bisa ka'ida ba a wasu lokuta. Bayan zargi a duniya, Brunei ya bayyana a cikin 2019 cewa za a tsawaita haramcin hukuncin kisa don haɗawa da sabbin dokoki a ƙarƙashin Dokar Shari'a ta Syariah ta 2013. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, akwai lokuta na nuna bambanci ga mutanen LGBT, gami da cin zarafi, barazana, da ƙalubalen samun damar samun dama ga hakkoki da ayyuka na asali.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-02-18 |title=Brunei |url=https://www.humandignitytrust.org./country-profile/brunei/ |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Human Dignity Trust |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A mayar da martani ga rahotanni cewa gwamnatin Bruneian za ta karɓi Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa kuma ta ci gaba da adawa da amfani da hukuncin kisa, musamman a ƙarƙashin Dokar Shari'ar Shari'a ta Syariah (UNCAT) da ta wuce kwanan nan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nishat |date=2019-05-07 |title=Brunei death penalty will not be repealed or implemented |url=https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/brunei-death-penalty/64515/ |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Open Access Government |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin ma'aikaci ==
Ma'aikata suna da haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin ƙwadago da shiga ƙungiyoyi, amma ƙungiyoyin suna ƙarƙashin kulawa mai mahimmanci daga magatakardar ƙungiyar kwadago. Dokar dai ta haramta hada-hadar gama-gari da yajin aiki, kuma babu wata kungiya ko kungiyoyin ma'aikata a kasar. Dole ne ƙungiyoyi su yi rajista tare da gwamnati kuma su kasance ƙarƙashin doka iri ɗaya kamar sauran ƙungiyoyi, tare da hukuncin rashin yin rajista. Dokar ta haramta alaka da kungiyoyin kwadago na kasa da kasa ba tare da izinin gwamnati ba kuma ta takaita amfani da kudaden kungiyar. Dokar ta bukaci jami’an kungiyar su kasance masu gaskiya, kuma hukuncin da ya saba wa dokokin kungiyar ya hada da tara da dauri. Kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu suna aiki ne a cikin lamuran ma'aikata amma suna aiwatar da ayyukan tantance kansu don gujewa fuskantar gwamnati.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bisa ga ƙidayar ƙidayar Ma'aikata/Ma'aikata ta 2017 da Ma'aikatar Kwadago ta fitar, akwai jimillar ma'aikata 25,211 a cikin aikin gine-ginen kaɗai, waɗanda ke da baƙi 22,510, 'yan ƙasar waje 2,141, da mazaunan dindindin 560. Bayanin ya dace da jimlar ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci 1,777 masu aiki a ɓangaren gine-gine na Brunei.
[[Fayil:Kuala_Belait_18_February_2023_02.jpg|thumb|Ma'aikacin kasashen waje a karkashin Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Jama'a (JKR).]]

=== Aikin tilas ko tilas ===
Dokar ta haramta duk wani nau'i na tilastawa ko aiki na dole, amma gwamnati ba ta aiwatar da doka yadda ya kamata ba, kuma an yi aikin tilastawa. Hukunce-hukuncen aikin tilastawa na iya haifar da hukunci, amma yawancin shari'o'in an yanke su ba tare da kotu ba, kuma ba kasafai ake aiwatar da hukunci ba. Gwamnati ta kafa kwamitin hadin gwiwa don dakile safarar mutane. Duk da haka, gwamnati ba ta binciki yadda ya kamata a kan batun bautar bashi ko aikin tilastawa. Wasu ma’aikatan bakin haure na kasashen waje sun fuskanci bautar da ba son rai ba, daurin bashi, rashin biyan albashi, ma’aikata masu cin zarafi, ko tsare gida, wasu ma’aikata na hana albashi don dawo da dillalan aiki ko kudaden daukar ma’aikata. Sarkin ya gudanar da ziyarar ba-zata a ma’aikatun shige da fice da ma’aikata saboda damuwa da rikon amana da ingancin sassan biyu. Ya nuna damuwa game da wata kungiyar da ke sayar da katunan shaidar kasa ta bogi kuma ya ba da shawarar cewa mai yiwuwa jami'an shige da fice sun shiga hannu. Sarkin ya kuma danganta kwararowar ma’aikata na kasashen waje da rashin kulawar gwamnati wajen bayar da bizar ma’aikata, inda ya yi magana a fili kan ma’aikatan Bangladesh.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nuna bambanci ===
Dokar ba ta da takamaiman tanadi don hana aikin yi da nuna bambanci a sana'a. Matsakaicin albashi na aiki daidai yake kuma doka ba ta buƙata ba. An hana mata yin aiki a wasu ayyukan yaƙi na soja, kuma asalin ƙabilanci shine ƙayyadadden abu a wasu mukaman gwamnati da aikin soja. Ma'aikata na gwamnati da masu zaman kansu sun nuna son kai ga ma'aikatan kasashen waje, kuma masu neman aikin LGBTI wani lokaci suna fuskantar wariya. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen kara wayar da kan jama'a game da cin zarafin mata a wuraren aiki. Wasu ma'aikatan kasashen waje sun sami karancin albashi bisa asalin kasarsu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== 'Yancin mutanen da aka kama ==
Sai dai a lokuta lokacin da ƴan sanda ba su iya samun amincewa a kan lokaci don dakatar da wanda ake zargi da gudu ko kuma lokacin da aka kama wanda ake zarge da aikata laifi, dole ne majistare ya amince da sammacin kamawa. Bayan kamawa, 'yan sanda na iya riƙe wanda ake zargi har zuwa awanni 48 yayin da suke gudanar da bincike kafin su kai shi a gaban majistare ko [[Shari'a|Kotun shari'a]]. Kungiyoyin tilasta a karkashin dokar shari'a da shari'a sun amince kuma sun tabbatar da wannan haƙƙin. Ba a ba da izinin samun damar shiga ga mutanen da aka tsare a cikin sa'o'i 48 na bincike a ofisoshin 'yan sanda ba, gami da lauyoyi. A kan yarjejeniyar majistare ko kotun shari'a, hukumomi na iya kiyaye fursunoni fiye da sa'o'i 48 na asali.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rahotanni sun bayyana cewa, bayan shafe sa’o’i 48 ana gudanar da bincike, hukumomi a wata kasa suna sanar da fursunonin tuhume-tuhumen da ake yi musu tare da bayar da bayanai game da fursunonin. Bayan wannan lokaci, 'yan sanda na iya, a cikin yanayi mai wuya, ƙin shigar da baƙi. Ban da manyan laifuffuka, dokar ta ba da izinin yin amfani da belin alkali bisa ga ra'ayi, amma ba ta yi tanadi ga waɗanda ake tuhuma marasa galihu ba su sami wakilci na shari'a kyauta. A cikin kararrakin da ba na babban birni ba, waɗanda ake tuhuma marasa galihu na iya wakiltar kansu, duk da haka ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da yawa suna ba da sabis na shari'a. A karkashin dokar tsaron cikin gida, gwamnati na da hurumin tsare ko kama mutane da kuma tsare su ba tare da tuhumarsu ba saboda sauya wa'adin shekaru biyu yayin da kuma ta kira wata kungiya mai ba da shawara don tantance mutanen da ake tsare da su. Baya ga kotunan shari’a, ana amfani da shari’ar shari’a, kuma wani kwamiti ne ke tantance irin kotunan da ya kamata su saurari kararraki.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== 'Yancin mutane a shari'a ==
Dokar ba ta bayyana karara kan wani bangaren shari'a mai zaman kansa ba, da kuma sarkin musulmi, wanda ke rike da mukamin firaminista, da kuma yarima mai jiran gado, wanda ke rike da mukamin babban minista, dukkansu ne ke kula da kotunan da ba ruwansu da addini da na shari'a. Duk da haka, babu wani bayanan da aka samu na shiga tsakani na gwamnati da bangaren shari'a, kuma gabaɗaya gwamnatin tana kiyaye yancin shari'a. Duk alkalai a manyan kotuna sarki ne ya nada su kuma suna aiki bisa ga ra'ayinsa a tsarin shari'a biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Doka ta duniya a wata ƙasa ta tanadi yancin yin shari'a na gaskiya, akan lokaci, da kuma jama'a, tare da waɗanda ake tuhumar ba su da laifi kuma a ba su 'yancin yin la'akari, a sanar da su tuhume-tuhume, da kuma fuskantar masu tuhuma, masu yin tambayoyi, gabatar da shaida, ba da shaida, da kuma daukaka kara. Hanyoyin Shari'a ba su tanadar da waɗannan haƙƙoƙi na musamman ba, amma waɗanda ake tuhuma a shari'ar shari'a gabaɗaya suna da haƙƙoƙi iri ɗaya da na waɗanda suke cikin shari'ar laifi a ƙarƙashin dokar duniya. Kotunan Shari'a na da hurumin yin wasu lamuran farar hula, amma wasu sassan shari'a sun shafi kowa da kowa, ba tare da la'akari da addini ba. Dokar Tsaro ta Cikin Gida ta ba da izinin tsare tsare a cikin lamuran ɓarna da tashin hankali, amma waɗanda ake tsare suna da damar gabatar da wakilci game da umarnin tsarewa ga hukumar ba da shawara, ko dai da kai ko ta hanyar lauya ko lauya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
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      <text bytes="36660" sha1="mhfw02l8k77wlce5a64aqy9thd950p8" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Tun daga shekara ta 1967, [[Hassanal Bolkiah|Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah]] ya jagoranci [[Brunei]] a matsayin masarauta. Hukumomin gaggawa sun bai wa sarkin damar yin mulki kusan ba tare da tangarda ba tun daga 1962. Majalisar dokoki, wadda ta ƙunshi naɗaɗɗen naɗaɗɗen, zaɓe a kaikaice, da tsofaffin membobin, suna yin taro akai-akai a duk shekara kuma suna aiki kawai a matsayin ƙungiya mai ba da shawara don ƙaddamarwa da amincewa da dokoki da tsare-tsaren kashe kudi. Rundunar ‘yan sanda ta Royal Brunei (RBPF) da kuma ma’aikatar tsaron cikin gida (ISD) wadanda ofishin Firayim Minista da ma’aikatar harkokin cikin gida ke kula da su, su ne ke da alhakin tabbatar da oda da kuma tabbatar da doka a cikin al’ummar kasar.

Sa ido mai zaman kansa kan yanayin haƙƙin ɗan adam ya kasance ƙalubale saboda rashin gaskiya. Idan aka aiwatar da sauye-sauyen lokaci zuwa ga kundin tsarin shari'a, zai ba da damar yin amfani da hukuncin kisa da kuma hukuncin kisa a kan laifuffuka daban-daban da suka hada da sara da jifa, wadanda ke zama azabtarwa. Bitar za ta nuna wa mata wariya kuma za ta tauye yancin mutane na tunani, lamiri, da addini.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human rights in Brunei Darussalam 2017/2018 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/asia-and-the-pacific/south-east-asia-and-the-pacific/brunei-darussalam/report-brunei-darussalam/ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shari'a ==

=== Shari'ar Shari'a ta Syariah ===
A ranar 3 ga watan Afrilu,na shekara ta 2019, Dokar Laifukan Syariah ta Brunei (2013) ta fara aiki. Sabuwar dokar tana nuna wariya ga mafiya rauni a cikin al'umma, ciki har da yara, mata, da tsiraru na addini da masu canjin launin Jinsi,kuma suna yin illa ga muhimman hakkokin bil'adama. Yawancin bangarori na kundin sun sabawa alkawuran Brunei ga dokokin kasa da kasa na al'ada da kuma yarjejeniyar haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙasa da ƙasa wanda Brunei ke ciki. Brunei ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar kawar da duk wani nau'i na nuna wariya ga mata da yarjejeniyar 'yancin yara (CEDAW). Brunei ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar yaki da azabtarwa da sauran muguwar dabi'a, wulakanci ko wulakanci ko azabtarwa, amma har yanzu ba ta amince da shi ba. A matsayinta na mamba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Brunei ta sha alwashin kiyaye ka'idojin Yarjejeniyar Kare Hakkokin Bil'adama ta Duniya, wadanda ake tunanin wakilci ne na dokokin kasa da kasa da aka amince da su.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-05-22 |title=Brunei's Pernicious New Penal Code |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/05/22/bruneis-pernicious-new-penal-code |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Human Rights Watch |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yaki da fataucin mutane ===
Gwamnatin Brunei ta tilasta bin doka ta haɓaka ƙoƙarin yaƙi da fataucin mutane. Dokar hana fataucin mutane ta 2019 ta haramta fataucin jima'i da fataucin aiki da kuma hukuncin da aka tsara, wanda ake ganin ya yi tsauri. Bugu da kari, wata kila gwamnati ta yi amfani da Babi na 120 Sashe na 5 na Dokar Laifin Mata da 'Yan Mata wajen gurfanar da wadanda suka aikata laifin safarar jima'i. Koyaya, adadin laifuffukan da ake zargi da fataucin da aka gabatar don bita da yuwuwar bincike ya ragu daga shari'o'i 147 a cikin 2020 zuwa 134 a cikin 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakki na asali ==

=== 'Yanci na magana ===
Tsarin mulki da dokoki ba su haɗa da wani tanadi na [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|'yancin magana]] ba. Ana ba wa membobin Majalisar Dokoki damar &quot;bayyana ra'ayoyinsu kyauta&quot; a madadin mutane, amma ba a ba su damar amfani da harshe ko aiki a hanyoyin da &quot;marasa hakki, zagi, abin kunya, ko lalacewa&quot;. Kalubale game da &quot;tsarin ko muhimmancin ra'ayin ƙasa, ra'ayin mulkin mallaka na Musulunci na Malay,&quot; an haramta su ta hanyar doka. Dangane da wannan ka'idar, mulkin mallaka ne kawai zai iya kula da hakkoki da gata na tseren [[Brunei Malay]], kuma an sanya Islama a matsayin addinin ƙasa. Duk wani aiki, abu, ko sanarwa da aka nufa don haifar da &quot;ra'ayi na rashin son kai ko ƙiyayya&quot; doka ta haramta shi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar kungiyar masu fafutuka ta Reporters Without Borders (RSF), sanya ido kan kai shi ne al'ada ga 'yan jarida a Brunei, wanda aka sanya a matsayi na 154 a cikin kasashe 180 a matsayin 'yancin 'yan jarida. Don rahoton da aka yanke hukunci na karya da mugunta, jami'ai suna da ikon rufe jaridu ba tare da hujja ba, tara, da kuma daure 'yan jarida har na tsawon shekaru uku. Gidan Talabijin na gwamnati shi ne kawai tashar tashar a Brunei. Iyalin Sultan ne ke tafiyar da [[Borneo]] Bulletin, babbar jarida ta yau da kullun ta harshen Ingilishi a cikin al'umma, kuma da yawa daga cikin marubutanta suna yin tauye kai. Scoop, bugu na kan layi wanda aka yi muhawara a cikin 2017, yana ba da ɗaukar hoto na siyasa da al'umma na Brunei.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fundamental freedoms still severely restricted in Brunei |url=https://monitor.civicus.org/explore/fundamental-freedoms-still-severely-restricted-brunei/ |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=Civicus Monitor |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shahiran Sheriffudin bin Shahrani Muhammad, ma’aikacin gwamnati, an sauke shi ne a ranar 27 ga watan Yuli, kuma an zarge shi a karkashin sashe na 4 (1) (c) na dokar tada zaune tsaye da yin kalamai a Facebook cewa ma’aikatar kula da harkokin addini ta samu “mummuna”. Don tsoron sakamakon shari'a, 'yan jarida da masu fafutuka na kan layi sun ci gaba da tantance kansu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human rights in Brunei Darussalam 2017/2018 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/asia-and-the-pacific/south-east-asia-and-the-pacific/brunei-darussalam/report-brunei-darussalam/ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 'Yanci na taro da motsi ===
Hukumomin gaggawa na gwamnati sun tauye ‘yancin yin taro a kasar nan. Taron jama'a na mutane 10 ko fiye yana buƙatar izini daga gwamnati, kuma 'yan sanda na iya tarwatsa taron da ba na hukuma ba na mutane biyar ko fiye da ake ganin za su iya haifar da dagula zaman lafiya. Gwamnati na ba da izini akai-akai don abubuwan da suka faru na shekara-shekara, amma lokaci-lokaci suna tarwatsa taron siyasa ko kuma wani abin ban sha'awa. Al'ummar LGBTQI+ sun ba da rahoton cewa hukumomi sun fasa wani taron a karshen watan Janairu saboda rashin izini. Masu shirya abubuwan da suka faru a kan batutuwa masu mahimmanci sukan gudanar da tarurruka a cikin sirri maimakon neman izini ko gudanar da ayyukan tantance kansu a abubuwan da suka faru na jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fundamental freedoms still severely restricted in Brunei |url=https://monitor.civicus.org/explore/fundamental-freedoms-still-severely-restricted-brunei/ |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=Civicus Monitor |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dokokin da suka daɗe suna tauye haƙƙin haɗawa. Ba tare da izini ba, babu wata ƙungiya ta mutane sama da goma da za su taru saboda kowane dalili, kuma ana kiyaye waɗannan ƙa'idodi akai-akai. Taron mutane biyar ko fiye da ba a hukumance ba wanda 'yan sanda ke ganin zai iya kawo cikas ga zaman lafiya na iya tarwatsa su. Dole ne Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida ya amince da duk izini. A al'adance, gwamnati ta ba da izinin gudanar da bukukuwa na shekara, amma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ta kan yi amfani da wannan ikon lokaci-lokaci wajen dakile tarukan siyasa. Maimakon neman izini ko shigar da kai a al'amuran jama'a, waɗanda ke da alhakin shirya abubuwan da ke da mahimmanci suna yawan yin taro cikin sirri.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fundamental freedoms still severely restricted in Brunei |url=https://monitor.civicus.org/explore/fundamental-freedoms-still-severely-restricted-brunei/ |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=Civicus Monitor |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dokar ba ta ba da ’yancin yin tarayya ba, kuma ana buƙatar ƙungiyoyin hukuma su yi rajista da magatakardar ƙungiyoyin jama’a tare da bayar da rahoton ayyukansu. Gwamnati na iya dakatar da ayyukan kungiyoyin da suka yi rajista idan ta ga yana da maslaha ga jama'a. Ƙungiyoyin da ke neman tara kuɗi ko gudummawa daga jama'a suna buƙatar izini daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida da izini na kowane mutum don kowane aikin tara kuɗi. Gwamnati na karɓar mafi yawan aikace-aikacen kafa ƙungiyoyi, amma masu nema suna ƙarƙashin binciken bayanan baya da buƙatun suna. Ƙungiyoyin da aka amince da su suna magance al'amura kamar gurbatar yanayi, adana namun daji, fasaha, kasuwanci, da mata a cikin kasuwanci.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fayil:Seria_20_November_2022_12.jpg|thumb|Masallacin Pekan zai kasance]]

=== 'Yanci na addini ===
Addinin hukuma a Brunei shine [[Mabiya Sunnah|Musulunci na Sunni]], amma kundin tsarin mulki ya ba da izinin yin zaman lafiya ga dukkan addinai. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da dokar Shari'a, wanda ya hada da azabtarwa ta [[Kafar Azaba|jiki]] da ta babban birnin don laifuka kamar ridda da saɓo, kodayake ba a aiwatar da hukuntawa ta kisa ba tun 1957. Gwamnati ta ba da izinin 'yan tsiraru na addinai wadanda ba Musulmai ba su yi imani da su amma ta haramta kungiyoyin addinai da ta dauka &quot;marasa kyau&quot;. Duk wuraren ibada an rufe su saboda COVID-19, kuma ba a sanar da wuraren ibada wadanda ba na Musulunci ba game da rufewa. Gwamnati ba ta tabbatar da [[Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa]] ba. Wadanda ba Musulmai ba suna ci gaba da fuskantar ƙuntatawa game da ikon su na tuba, kuma a wani lamari, jami'an al'ada sun kwace Littafi Mai-Tsarki amma ana iya dawo da su tare da amincewar rubuce-rubuce daga sassan gwamnati daban-daban.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Report on International Religious Freedom: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-report-on-international-religious-freedom/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gwamnati ta ci gaba da kokarin da ta yi na dogon lokaci don hana wasu addinai da tallafawa [[Shafi`iyya|Makarantar Shafii]] ta Sunni Islam. Kungiyoyin addinai waɗanda ba su bi makarantar Shafii ta Sunni Islama suna ƙarƙashin dokoki da ka'idoji. A cikin shekara ta 2012, akwai ɗan canji kaɗan a cikin tsarin yadda gwamnati ke girmama 'yancin addini. Bisa ga haɗin addini, imani, ko aiki, akwai wasu rahotanni game da cin zarafin jama'a ko nuna bambanci. Ƙungiyoyin addinai a cikin al'umma galibi sun kasance tare cikin jituwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Refugees |first=United Nations High Commissioner for |title=Refworld {{!}} 2012 Report on International Religious Freedom – Brunei |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/519dd4e114.html |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=Refworld |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 'Yancin siyasa ===
Sarki ne ke mulkin kasar ta hanyar haihuwa ta gado, kuma 'yan kasa ba su da ikon zabar mulkinsu. Tun daga shekarar 1962 ne aka fara amfani da ikon gaggawa, duk bayan shekaru biyu da sarkin musulmi ke sabunta shi. Majalisar dokoki ba ta da iko mai zaman kansa kuma da farko tana ba da dandalin tattaunawa na jama'a game da shirye-shiryen gwamnati, kasafin kuɗi, da gazawar gudanarwa. Zaɓen majalisar tuntuɓar ƙauye yana ba da damar kada kuri'a ta hanyar jefa kuri'a a asirce ga mutane masu shekaru 18 da haihuwa, amma dole ne 'yan takara su kasance Musulmi, wanda Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida ta amince da su, kuma sun kasance ɗan ƙasa ko mazaunin dindindin sama da shekaru 15. Jam’iyyar siyasa daya tilo da ta yi rajista, jam’iyyar ci gaban kasa, ta yi alkawarin mara wa sarki da gwamnati baya, kuma ba ta sukar gwamnati.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin yara ==
Uba ko, bayan aiwatar da aikace-aikacen, uwar ita ce tushen zama ɗan ƙasa. Haihuwa a cikin iyakokin ƙasa ba ya ba da ɗan ƙasa. Ana rubuta kowace haihuwa, kuma ana yi wa yara maza da mata daidai. Dole ne iyaye marasa jiha su nemi takardar izini na musamman idan an haifi ɗansu a nan. Rashin yin rikodin haihuwa ya saba wa doka, kuma yin hakan ya sa ya zama ƙalubale wajen sa yaron a makaranta. Duk da cewa ba bisa ka'ida ba ne kuma an yanke masa hukunci, amma da alama bai zama ruwan dare gama gari ba. A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, an yanke wa wani mahaifin da ya yi lalata da 'ya'yansa mata hukuncin daurin shekaru 20 a gidan yari da kuma gwangwani 12. Sashin da aka sadaukar domin binciken laifukan da suka shafi mata da yara wani bangare ne na RBPF, kuma Ma'aikatar Al'adu, Matasa, da Wasanni ta ba da mafaka da kulawa da wadanda abin ya shafa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Matsakaicin shekarun aure na doka a Brunei shine shekaru 14 da watanni bakwai tare da izinin iyaye da mahalarta, sai dai idan dokokin addini ko na al'ada sun saita mafi ƙarancin shekaru. Dokar Iyali ta Musulunci ta kayyade mafi karancin shekaru 16 ga 'yan mata musulmi, da maza musulmi 18, kuma laifi ne a tilasta wa wani ya yi aure ba tare da son ransa ba. Dole ne ‘yan kabilar China su zama 15 ko sama da haka kafin su yi aure, kuma jima’i da yarinya ‘yar kabilar China ‘yar kasa da shekara 15 ana daukar su fyade ko da tare da mijinta. Auren da ya shafi yara ƙanana ba safai ba ne kuma gabaɗaya al'adar zamantakewa ta haramta. Yin jima'i da yarinya 'yar kasa da shekaru 14 fyade ne kuma za'a iya yanke hukuncin daurin shekaru 30 a gidan yari da mafi karancin gwangwani 12 kamar yadda doka ta tanada. Dokar ta kāre mata, ’yan mata, da yara maza daga yin amfani da su don yin karuwanci da kuma “wasu maƙasudai na lalata,” irin su batsa, da suka haɗa da yin lalata da kasuwanci. Don ci gaba da yi wa matasa maza fyade, gwamnati ta yi amfani da dokar da ta haramta &quot;jima'i ta jiki da ta sabawa tsarin yanayi.&quot; Bayan aure, manya masu yarda dole ne su kasance aƙalla shekaru 16. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cewar Datin Paduka Hajah Norlida binti Dato Paduka Haji Abdul Jalil, babban sakatare na dindindin na ma'aikatar al'adu, matasa, da wasanni na kasar Brunei, tun bayan da aka fara tantance kasar a shekarar 2003, an yi kokari da dama wadanda suka daga darajar Brunei Darussalam na bin ka'idojin Yarjejeniyar. An amince da wasu shawarwarin kwamitin, yayin da wasu suka samu ci gaba. A karshen watan Agustan 2015, Brunei ta soke ƙin amincewarta ga sakin layi na 20 na ƙaramin sakin layi na 1 da na 2 da ƙaramin sakin layi na 21 (a). Mataki na 14, Mataki na 20 (3), da Mataki na 21 (b-e), da kuma wasu sassan Yarjejeniyar da ba za su dace da Musulunci ba, addinin hukuma na Brunei, na ci gaba da kasancewa cikin tanadi. Sun bayyana kwarin guiwar cewa duk samari za su yi aure tun suna shekara 18 kuma za a haramta bulala da azabtar da jiki a kowane wuri. Kwararru sun tattauna batutuwa irin su bautar da yara, ra'ayoyin jinsi mara kyau, kaciyar mata, ilimin jama'a da na addini, da tsarin shari'a na yara. An yaba wa Brunei don samun manyan matakan karatu da ilimi. Kwararrun sun yi sha'awar ƙarin koyo game da madadin kulawa da tsarin tallafi, tsarin karɓuwa, yawan [[kiba]] da matakan da aka ɗauka don magance matsalar, da kuma yiwuwar zubar da ciki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Committee on the Rights of the Child considers the report of Brunei Darussalam |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2016/01/committee-rights-child-considers-report-brunei-darussalam |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=OHCHR |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== 'Yancin mata ==
Doka ta duniya ta tanadi ɗauri da gwangwani a matsayin hukuncin fyade, yayin da dokar hukunta laifukan Shari’a ta tanadi jifan kisa a matsayin mafi girman hukuncin. Dokar ba ta haramta yi wa maza fyade ko fyaden ma’aurata ba, kuma jima’i da namiji da matarsa ba za a yi la’akari da shi a matsayin fyade ba matukar ba ta kai shekara 14 ba (15 ga matan Sinawa). Babu takamaiman dokar musgunawa cikin gida, amma hukumomi na iya kama mutane a karkashin dokar da ta shafi kare mata da 'yan mata. Hukuncin cin zarafi na cikin gida ya kasance daga mako daya zuwa biyu a gidan yari da kuma tarar karamin hari zuwa gwangwani da kuma hukuncin dauri mai tsawo saboda mummunan rauni. Dokar iyali ta Musulunci ta ba da kariya daga cin zarafin ma'aurata tare da ba da izinin ba da umarnin kariya, tare da hukuncin da ya saba wa dokar kariya ya zama tara mai yawa, ɗauri har zuwa watanni shida, ko duka biyun.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gyara ga Shari'ar Shari'a ta haɗa da sassan da, idan aka aiwatar da su, za su kara nuna bambanci ga mata, gami da sanya [[Mata a musulunchi|Mata Musulmi]] marasa aure su zauna a gidan mai kula da su da kuma aikata laifuka a [[Aure a Musulunci|waje da aure]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human rights in Brunei Darussalam 2017/2018 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/asia-and-the-pacific/south-east-asia-and-the-pacific/brunei-darussalam/report-brunei-darussalam/ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin nakasassu ==
Doka a wannan ƙasa ba ta buƙatar samun dama ko haramta wariya ga nakasassu a yawancin ayyukan jama'a, gami da samun dama ga gine-gine, sufuri, da sadarwa. Koyaya, ana ba da sabis na ilimi ga nakasassu a makarantun gwamnati da na addini. Gwamnati kuma tana ba da shirye-shiryen wayar da kan jama'a da kuma tallafin nakasassu kowane wata ga yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 15. Kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu suna aiki don ƙara ayyukan gwamnati. Gwamnati ta bullo da wasu hanyoyin biyan kudi don tabbatar da cewa nakasassu sun sami alawus alawus din su yayin bala'in COVID-19. Ba a yi magana ta musamman game da samun damar yin shari'a ga nakasassu ba. Duk mutane, ba tare da la'akari da nakasa ba, suna da haƙƙoƙi iri ɗaya da samun damar kiwon lafiya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Cinikin mutane ==
Ma'aikatan kasashen waje, galibi daga [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], [[Filipin|Philippines]], [[Bangladesh]], da China, suna cikin haɗari ga cin zarafin masu fataucin mutane a Brunei. Masu fataucin mutane suna amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban kamar tilasta wa masu bashi, rashin biyan albashi, kwace fasfo, da cin zarafin jiki don cin zarafin Ma'aikatan ƙaura. Wasu mata masu ƙaura da suka isa kan biza ta yawon bude ido na iya tilasta su shiga [[Cinikin jima'i|fataucin jima'i]], yayin da wadanda ke fama da fataucin a [[Maleshiya|Malaysia]] ko Indonesia na iya wucewa ta Brunei. Dokokin Anti-LGBTQI + suma suna kara haɗarin cin hanci da rashawa ga mutane LGBTQI +, waɗanda suka riga sun kasance cikin haɗarin fataucin mutane. Masana da ke aiki a kan kokarin yaki da fataucin mutane a Brunei suma suna fuskantar barazanar masu fataucin kaya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Shari'a ===
Kotuna ba su hukunta duk wani mai fataucin mutane a Brunei a shekara ta biyar a jere. Gwamnati na buƙatar shaidar ƙarfin jiki, zamba, ko tilastawa ta jiki don bincika laifin fataucin, kuma ba ta binciki shari'o'in da waɗanda ake zargi da fataucin suka yi amfani da ba tilastawa ba. Dogara ga shaidar wanda aka azabtar da kuma rashin matakan bincike na musamman don tabbatar da shaida ya haifar da bincike da kuma gurfanar da su a karkashin dokar hana fataucin mutane. Gwamnati ta gaza fahimtar yawaitar fataucin mutane da alamomin da ke da alaka da aiki, wanda ke kawo cikas ga yunkurin yaki da fataucin mutane. Gwamnati ba ta binciki duk wasu laifuffukan fataucin da ake zargi da aikatawa ba, kuma ta mai da hankali kan laifukan da masu aikata laifuka daga kasashen waje ke aikatawa maimakon masu laifi na Brune. Gwamnatin Brunei ba ta bayar da rahoton wani bincike, tuhuma, ko hukunci na ma'aikatan gwamnati da ke da hannu a safarar mutane ba, amma cin hanci da rashawa da hadin gwiwar hukuma a cikin laifukan fataucin sun kasance abin damuwa. Gwamnati ta tuhumi jami'an da ke da hannu a zamba ta hanyar biza amma ba su ba gwamnatocin kasashen waje hadin kai ba kan tuhume-tuhumen da ake yi na fataucin cikin gida da suka shafi 'yan kasashen waje.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Karewa ===
Gwamnatin Brunei ta rage kokarinta na kare wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane. Duk da cewa suna da daidaitattun hanyoyin aiki (SOPs) don gano wanda aka azabtar, turawa, da kariya, gwamnati ba ta bayar da rahoton gano duk wanda aka yi wa fataucin mutane ba a shekara ta biyu a jere. Har ila yau, SOPs ba su bincika alamun fataucin mutane ba tsakanin mutane na LGBTQI + ko manya da aka kama don shiga cikin [[Karuwanci|Jima'i na kasuwanci]]. An ruwaito cewa gwamnati ta gurfanar da wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane kuma ta yanke musu hukunci saboda cin zarafin shige da fice, kuma ta fitar da ma'aikatan kasashen waje wadanda ma'aikatan Bruneian suka hana albashi ko kulawar likita. Wadannan ayyukan sun ci gaba da tsoro tsakanin wadanda abin ya shafa kuma sun haifar da gagarumin ganewa da gibin samar da sabis. Masu sa ido sun yi kira ga tsarin sadarwa na yau da kullun tsakanin ofisoshin jakadancin gwamnatin kasashen waje da gwamnatin Bruneian don kara hadin gwiwa kan rahotanni na laifukan fataucin mutane.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rigakafi ===
Gwamnatin Brunei ta rage kokarin hana fataucin mutane. Suna da kwamitin yaki da fataucin mutane da ke yin taro a kowace shekara kuma suna aiwatar da shirinsu na kasa da aka samar a watan Nuwamba 2020. Duk da haka, ma'aikatar kwadago ba ta fitar da ka'idoji kan haramcin cajin kudade, albashi, riba, ko diyya ta wakilan daukar ma'aikata, kuma babu sa ido kan wannan tanadi. Gwamnatin Bruneiya ta bukaci ma’aikatan kasashen waje da su sanya hannu a kwangilolinsu a gaban jami’in kwadago don hana jabu da tabbatar da bin doka. Koyaya, duk kwangilolin an rubuta su a cikin tsari iri ɗaya kuma ba a ba da takamaiman bayani ba dangane da aikin ma'aikata ko bayanin matsayi. Gwamnati ba ta tabbatar da cewa ana yin kwangila a cikin yaren farko na ma'aikata ba ko kuma sun riƙe kwafin kwangilar su. Gwamnati ba ta kuma aiwatar da dokar da ta dace da ta hana masu daukar ma'aikata hana albashi ko rike fasfo na ma'aikata. Cutar sankarau ta COVID-19 ta hana gwamnati damar gudanar da baje kolin hanyoyin yaki da safarar mutane da kuma yakin wayar da kan jama’a, amma wata kafar yada labarai mallakar gwamnati ta ci gaba da buga labarai kan fataucin da ‘yancin ’yan kwadago.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=2022 Trafficking in Persons Report: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-trafficking-in-persons-report/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin 'yan asalin ƙasar ==
Waɗannan mutanen ƙasar ba su da wata jiha tasu. Babu wata ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun iyakoki a kusa da yankunan ƴan asalin, kuma majalisar dokoki ko sauran hukumomin gwamnati ba su da wani wakilci na ƙabilu na asali. ’Yan asalin ƙasar sun ɗan taka rawa wajen zaɓin da ya shafi yankunansu, al’adu, da al’adunsu da kuma yin amfani da albarkatun ƙasa a ciki da kuma ƙarƙashin ƙasa na asali, gami da makamashi da ma’adanai.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ƙungiyoyin Malay na 'yan asali bakwai-Belait, Bisaya, Brunei, Dusun (Brunei), Kedayan, Murut ko Tutong - an jera su a matsayin masu cancanta ta atomatik don zama dan kasa a cikin Dokar Ƙasa ta Brunei na 1961. A wani wuri, ya lissafa ƙarin al'ummomin 15 waɗanda kuma ake la'akari da su 'yan asalin zuwa Brunei, Dayas, Kayanlanda ([[Kenya]]), Dayas, Kayanland (ciki har da Sabups da Sipengs), Kajangs (ciki har da Sekapans, Kejamans, Lahanans, Punans, Tajongs da Kanowits), Lugats, Lisums, Melanaus, Penans, Sians, Tagals, Tabuns da Ukits. Duk da cewa an amince da su a matsayin ƴan asalin ƙasar nan, ba a ba su zama ɗan ƙasa kai tsaye ba. Ka'idojin da dole ne su cika sun fi tsauri, yayin da samun uba wanda memba ne na ɗaya daga cikin al'ummomin &quot;Malay&quot; na asali bakwai ya isa ba da izinin zama ɗan ƙasa nan da nan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-06-19 |title=Dusun, Murut, Kedayan, Iban, Tutong, Penan |url=https://minorityrights.org/minorities/dusun-murut-kedayan-iban-tutong-penan/ |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Minority Rights Group |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kashewa da azabtarwa ta jiki ==
Duk da kasancewarsa mai kawar da kai a ka'idar, rataya ya kasance hukunci na gama-gari don laifuka da dama, da suka haɗa da kisan kai, ta'addanci, da laifukan da suka haɗa da kwayoyi. Gyaran dokar Penal Code, idan aka fara aiki a mataki na uku, zai sa aikata laifuka kamar zina, luwadi, da fyade hukuncin kisa ta hanyar jefewa. Duk musulmi da wanda ba musulmi ba, wadanda suka yi zina da musulmi, za a yanke musu hukuncin kisa ta hanyar jifa ko bulala 100, gwargwadon matsayin auren wanda ya aikata laifin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human rights in Brunei Darussalam 2017/2018 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/asia-and-the-pacific/south-east-asia-and-the-pacific/brunei-darussalam/report-brunei-darussalam/ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Duk da yake babu wata alama cewa an aiwatar da dokokin jinsi guda kwanan nan, akwai da'awar cewa dokar da ta sa nuna bambancin jinsi ba bisa ka'ida ba a wasu lokuta. Bayan zargi a duniya, Brunei ya bayyana a cikin 2019 cewa za a tsawaita haramcin hukuncin kisa don haɗawa da sabbin dokoki a ƙarƙashin Dokar Shari'a ta Syariah ta 2013. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, akwai lokuta na nuna bambanci ga mutanen LGBT, gami da cin zarafi, barazana, da ƙalubalen samun damar samun dama ga hakkoki da ayyuka na asali.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-02-18 |title=Brunei |url=https://www.humandignitytrust.org./country-profile/brunei/ |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Human Dignity Trust |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A mayar da martani ga rahotanni cewa gwamnatin Bruneian za ta karɓi Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa kuma ta ci gaba da adawa da amfani da hukuncin kisa, musamman a ƙarƙashin Dokar Shari'ar Shari'a ta Syariah (UNCAT) da ta wuce kwanan nan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nishat |date=2019-05-07 |title=Brunei death penalty will not be repealed or implemented |url=https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/brunei-death-penalty/64515/ |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Open Access Government |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hakkin ma'aikaci ==
Ma'aikata suna da haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin ƙwadago da shiga ƙungiyoyi, amma ƙungiyoyin suna ƙarƙashin kulawa mai mahimmanci daga magatakardar ƙungiyar kwadago. Dokar dai ta haramta hada-hadar gama-gari da yajin aiki, kuma babu wata kungiya ko kungiyoyin ma'aikata a kasar. Dole ne ƙungiyoyi su yi rajista tare da gwamnati kuma su kasance ƙarƙashin doka iri ɗaya kamar sauran ƙungiyoyi, tare da hukuncin rashin yin rajista. Dokar ta haramta alaka da kungiyoyin kwadago na kasa da kasa ba tare da izinin gwamnati ba kuma ta takaita amfani da kudaden kungiyar. Dokar ta bukaci jami’an kungiyar su kasance masu gaskiya, kuma hukuncin da ya saba wa dokokin kungiyar ya hada da tara da dauri. Kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu suna aiki ne a cikin lamuran ma'aikata amma suna aiwatar da ayyukan tantance kansu don gujewa fuskantar gwamnati.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bisa ga ƙidayar ƙidayar Ma'aikata/Ma'aikata ta 2017 da Ma'aikatar Kwadago ta fitar, akwai jimillar ma'aikata 25,211 a cikin aikin gine-ginen kaɗai, waɗanda ke da baƙi 22,510, 'yan ƙasar waje 2,141, da mazaunan dindindin 560. Bayanin ya dace da jimlar ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci 1,777 masu aiki a ɓangaren gine-gine na Brunei.
[[Fayil:Kuala_Belait_18_February_2023_02.jpg|thumb|Ma'aikacin kasashen waje a karkashin Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Jama'a (JKR).]]

=== Aikin tilas ko tilas ===
Dokar ta haramta duk wani nau'i na tilastawa ko aiki na dole, amma gwamnati ba ta aiwatar da doka yadda ya kamata ba, kuma an yi aikin tilastawa. Hukunce-hukuncen aikin tilastawa na iya haifar da hukunci, amma yawancin shari'o'in an yanke su ba tare da kotu ba, kuma ba kasafai ake aiwatar da hukunci ba. Gwamnati ta kafa kwamitin hadin gwiwa don dakile safarar mutane. Duk da haka, gwamnati ba ta binciki yadda ya kamata a kan batun bautar bashi ko aikin tilastawa. Wasu ma’aikatan bakin haure na kasashen waje sun fuskanci bautar da ba son rai ba, daurin bashi, rashin biyan albashi, ma’aikata masu cin zarafi, ko tsare gida, wasu ma’aikata na hana albashi don dawo da dillalan aiki ko kudaden daukar ma’aikata. Sarkin ya gudanar da ziyarar ba-zata a ma’aikatun shige da fice da ma’aikata saboda damuwa da rikon amana da ingancin sassan biyu. Ya nuna damuwa game da wata kungiyar da ke sayar da katunan shaidar kasa ta bogi kuma ya ba da shawarar cewa mai yiwuwa jami'an shige da fice sun shiga hannu. Sarkin ya kuma danganta kwararowar ma’aikata na kasashen waje da rashin kulawar gwamnati wajen bayar da bizar ma’aikata, inda ya yi magana a fili kan ma’aikatan Bangladesh.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nuna bambanci ===
Dokar ba ta da takamaiman tanadi don hana aikin yi da nuna bambanci a sana'a. Matsakaicin albashi na aiki daidai yake kuma doka ba ta buƙata ba. An hana mata yin aiki a wasu ayyukan yaƙi na soja, kuma asalin ƙabilanci shine ƙayyadadden abu a wasu mukaman gwamnati da aikin soja. Ma'aikata na gwamnati da masu zaman kansu sun nuna son kai ga ma'aikatan kasashen waje, kuma masu neman aikin LGBTI wani lokaci suna fuskantar wariya. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen kara wayar da kan jama'a game da cin zarafin mata a wuraren aiki. Wasu ma'aikatan kasashen waje sun sami karancin albashi bisa asalin kasarsu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== 'Yancin mutanen da aka kama ==
Sai dai a lokuta lokacin da ƴan sanda ba su iya samun amincewa a kan lokaci don dakatar da wanda ake zargi da gudu ko kuma lokacin da aka kama wanda ake zarge da aikata laifi, dole ne majistare ya amince da sammacin kamawa. Bayan kamawa, 'yan sanda na iya riƙe wanda ake zargi har zuwa awanni 48 yayin da suke gudanar da bincike kafin su kai shi a gaban majistare ko [[Shari'a|Kotun shari'a]]. Kungiyoyin tilasta a karkashin dokar shari'a da shari'a sun amince kuma sun tabbatar da wannan haƙƙin. Ba a ba da izinin samun damar shiga ga mutanen da aka tsare a cikin sa'o'i 48 na bincike a ofisoshin 'yan sanda ba, gami da lauyoyi. A kan yarjejeniyar majistare ko kotun shari'a, hukumomi na iya kiyaye fursunoni fiye da sa'o'i 48 na asali.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rahotanni sun bayyana cewa, bayan shafe sa’o’i 48 ana gudanar da bincike, hukumomi a wata kasa suna sanar da fursunonin tuhume-tuhumen da ake yi musu tare da bayar da bayanai game da fursunonin. Bayan wannan lokaci, 'yan sanda na iya, a cikin yanayi mai wuya, ƙin shigar da baƙi. Ban da manyan laifuffuka, dokar ta ba da izinin yin amfani da belin alkali bisa ga ra'ayi, amma ba ta yi tanadi ga waɗanda ake tuhuma marasa galihu ba su sami wakilci na shari'a kyauta. A cikin kararrakin da ba na babban birni ba, waɗanda ake tuhuma marasa galihu na iya wakiltar kansu, duk da haka ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da yawa suna ba da sabis na shari'a. A karkashin dokar tsaron cikin gida, gwamnati na da hurumin tsare ko kama mutane da kuma tsare su ba tare da tuhumarsu ba saboda sauya wa'adin shekaru biyu yayin da kuma ta kira wata kungiya mai ba da shawara don tantance mutanen da ake tsare da su. Baya ga kotunan shari’a, ana amfani da shari’ar shari’a, kuma wani kwamiti ne ke tantance irin kotunan da ya kamata su saurari kararraki.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== 'Yancin mutane a shari'a ==
Dokar ba ta bayyana karara kan wani bangaren shari'a mai zaman kansa ba, da kuma sarkin musulmi, wanda ke rike da mukamin firaminista, da kuma yarima mai jiran gado, wanda ke rike da mukamin babban minista, dukkansu ne ke kula da kotunan da ba ruwansu da addini da na shari'a. Duk da haka, babu wani bayanan da aka samu na shiga tsakani na gwamnati da bangaren shari'a, kuma gabaɗaya gwamnatin tana kiyaye yancin shari'a. Duk alkalai a manyan kotuna sarki ne ya nada su kuma suna aiki bisa ga ra'ayinsa a tsarin shari'a biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Doka ta duniya a wata ƙasa ta tanadi yancin yin shari'a na gaskiya, akan lokaci, da kuma jama'a, tare da waɗanda ake tuhumar ba su da laifi kuma a ba su 'yancin yin la'akari, a sanar da su tuhume-tuhume, da kuma fuskantar masu tuhuma, masu yin tambayoyi, gabatar da shaida, ba da shaida, da kuma daukaka kara. Hanyoyin Shari'a ba su tanadar da waɗannan haƙƙoƙi na musamman ba, amma waɗanda ake tuhuma a shari'ar shari'a gabaɗaya suna da haƙƙoƙi iri ɗaya da na waɗanda suke cikin shari'ar laifi a ƙarƙashin dokar duniya. Kotunan Shari'a na da hurumin yin wasu lamuran farar hula, amma wasu sassan shari'a sun shafi kowa da kowa, ba tare da la'akari da addini ba. Dokar Tsaro ta Cikin Gida ta ba da izinin tsare tsare a cikin lamuran ɓarna da tashin hankali, amma waɗanda ake tsare suna da damar gabatar da wakilci game da umarnin tsarewa ga hukumar ba da shawara, ko dai da kai ko ta hanyar lauya ko lauya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Brunei |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/brunei/ |website=[[United States Department of State]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
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'''Dominique Baron Lambert''' (an haife shi 10 Satumba 1960 a Namur) masanin falsafar kimiyya ne na Belgium, masanin ka'idoji, kuma masanin tarihin kimiyya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Babelio&quot;/&gt;

== Ilimi da aiki ==
A [[Université catholique de Louvain|Jami'ar Katolika ta Louvain]] (UCL), Lambert ta kammala karatu tare da digiri na farko a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a shekarar 1984, digiri na biyu a fannin falsafa a shekarar 1986. Ph.D. a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a shekarar 1988, da Ph.D a fannin falsafa a shekarar 1996. &lt;ref name=&quot;unamur2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dominique Lambert |url=https://directory.unamur.be/staff/dlambert |website=Annuaire du Personnel, Université de Namur |access-date=2025-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250818033739/https://directory.unamur.be/staff/dlambert |archive-date=2025-08-18 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya zama cikakken farfesa a [[Université de Namur|Jami'ar Namur]] (a fannin kimiyya da fannin haruffa) &lt;ref name=&quot;unamur2&quot; /&gt; kuma ya rike furofesoshi da yawa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Babelio2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dominique Lambert, Biographie &amp; Informations |url=https://www.babelio.com/auteur/Dominique-Lambert/78814 |website=Babelio}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, farfesa ne na tunani da falsafar yanayi a Diocesan Seminary na Namur . &lt;ref name=&quot;Babelio&quot;/&gt;

A cikin tarihin kimiyya, yana da suna na duniya a matsayin marubucin cikakken tarihin masanin kimiyya Georges Lemaître . &lt;ref name=&quot;Babelio&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dominique Lambert, Biographie &amp; Informations |url=https://www.babelio.com/auteur/Dominique-Lambert/78814 |website=Babelio}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2000 Lessius  ya buga tarihin rayuwa a cikin asalin Faransanci. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lessius |url=https://openlibrary.org/publishers/Lessius |website=Open Library}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Un atome d'univers: la vie et l'œuvre de Georges Lemaître |url=https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/holdingsInfo?searchId=12936&amp;recCount=25&amp;recPointer=23&amp;bibId=12214613 |website=Library of Congress Catalog |type=catalog entry}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2015 an buga fassarar Turanci a Kraków ta Copernicus Center Press .  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kirshner, Robert P. |author-link=Robert Kirshner |date=July 2016 |title=Review of ''The Atom of the Universe: The Life and Work of Georges Lemaître'' by Dominique Lambert |journal=Physics Today |volume=69 |issue=7 |page=60 |doi=10.1063/PT.3.3238 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lambert kuma an san shi da ayyukansa (wanda aka fassara cikin harsuna da yawa) akan dangantakar da ke tsakanin kimiyya da tauhidin. Ya yi bincike a cikin ka'idoji da ke hulɗa da amfani da robots masu cin gashin kansu don dalilai na soja.&lt;ref name=&quot;Babelio&quot; /&gt; Shi mai ba da shawara ne ga Majalisar Siyasa ta Al'adu a Roma.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dominicains&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 May 2021 |title=Dominique Lambert |url=https://dominicains.tv/fr/invites/1216-dominique-lambert |website=Dominicains.tv |access-date=20 September 2025 |archive-date=23 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223173513/https://www.dominicains.tv/fr/invites/1216-dominique-lambert |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 1999 Lambert ya sami Prix Georges Lemaître, tare da masanin kimiyyar taurari Jean-Pierre Luminet, don aikin su na nazarin rubuce-rubucen kimiyya da addini na Lemaître.&lt;ref name=&quot;Babelio&quot;/&gt; A shekara ta 2000 ya sami Kyautar Kungiyar Turai don Nazarin Kimiyya da tauhidin (ESSSAT). An zabe shi memba na Académie royale de Belgique a shekara ta 2005. &lt;ref name=&quot;unamur&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dominique Lambert |url=https://directory.unamur.be/staff/dlambert |website=Annuaire du Personnel, Université de Namur |access-date=2025-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250818033739/https://directory.unamur.be/staff/dlambert |archive-date=2025-08-18 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Yulin 2016, Philip na Belgium, Sarkin Belgium ya ba Dominique Lambert daraja a matsayin baron.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dominicains&quot;/&gt;

== Littattafan da aka zaɓa ==

* Za a iya samun ƙarin bayani a wannan talifin a dandalin www.jw.org/ha.
* Dominique Lambert &amp; Jacques Demaret, ''Ka'idar ɗan adam - shin mutum shine cibiyar sararin samaniya? '' [Hasiya]
* [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga littafin nan.
* Za a iya samun ƙarin bayani a wannan talifin a dandalin www.jw.org/ha.
* Dominique Lambert &amp; René Rezsöhazy, Yadda ƙafafun ke zuwa ga maciji: Rubuce-rubuce game da ban mamaki na filastik na rayuwa, Flammarion, 2004
* Dominique Lambert &amp; Jacques Reisse, ''Charles Darwin da Georges Lemaître, wani abu mai ban sha'awa amma mai ban shaʼawa'', Royal Academy na Belgium, 2008

== Manazarta ==
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1960]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na Tarayya</title>
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A Najeriya, kananan hukumomi za su samar da kiwon lafiya na farko, gwamnatocin jihohi za su samar wa kiwon lafiya ta biyu da kuma [[Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya|Gwamnatin Tarayya]] za ta samar da kifin lafiya na uku. A cikin aiwatar da wannan manufofin, Gwamnatin Tarayya ta yanke shawarar kafa akalla cibiyar kiwon lafiya guda ɗaya a kowace Jiha ta Tarayyar Najeriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Federal Medical Centre Abeokuta: A Case Study in Hospital Management pp 1 |url=http://www.docstoc.com/docs/21999635/Federal-Medical-Centre_-Abeokuta_-A-Case-Study-in-Hospital-Management |access-date=13 June 2011 |publisher=docstoc}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na Tarayya (FMCs), an kafa su a duk faɗin ƙasar a jihohin da ba su da Asibitocin Koyarwa na Jami'ar Tarayya. Banda wannan doka ita ce [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]],  wacce ke da irin wannan cibiyar ban da Asibitin Koyarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lagos State Government |url=https://lagosstate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=Lagos State Government |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Jerin Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na Tarayya ==
Akwai jimlar FMCs 23 a duk faɗin ƙasar.&lt;ref name=&quot;Charters 1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Reviewed Charters for Federal Medical Centres pp 1 |url=http://www.servenigeria.com/charters/health-medicalcentres.doc |access-date=13 June 2011 |website=Servicom Charters |publisher=servenigeria.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayin doka ta gaba ɗaya, yawancin cibiyoyin suna cikin babban birnin jihar, musamman a yanayin da cibiyar kiwon lafiya ta biyu da jihar ke gudanarwa ba ta cika bukatun kula da lafiyar kwararre ta 'yan ƙasa ba.

* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Abakaliki]], [[Ebonyi|Jihar Ebonyi]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-09-29 |title=Senate passes bill to establish Federal Medical Centre in Ebonyi |url=https://editor.guardian.ng/news/senate-passes-bill-to-establish-federal-medical-centre-in-ebonyi/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422131716/https://editor.guardian.ng/news/senate-passes-bill-to-establish-federal-medical-centre-in-ebonyi/ |archive-date=2022-04-22 |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Abeokuta]]&quot; id=&quot;mwJw&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Federal Medical Center, [[Abeokuta]]&quot;&gt;Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, Abeokuta, Abeokuta da [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Centre |first=Federal Medical |last2=Centre |first2=Abeokuta Federal Medical |last3=Ways |first3=Abeokuta 7 0 1 10 2 reviews unavailable Healthy |last4=clinics |first4=Abeokuta Ogun State Nigeria 7 1437993 3 3782774 jimeds is an online service for booking patient to private |last5=State |first5=diagnostics centres of Nigeria Ogun |last6=Ways |first6=Healthy |last7=Sat: 08:00-17:00 |first7=Abeokuta Abeokuta South Mon: 08:00-17:00 Tue: 08:00-17:00 Wed: 08:00-17:00 Thu: 08:00-17:00 Fri: 08:00-17:00 |title=Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta |url=https://jimeds.ng/clinic/federal-medical-centre-abeokuta |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128205601/https://jimeds.ng/clinic/federal-medical-centre-abeokuta |archive-date=2021-11-28 |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=jimeds.ng |language=ru}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]], [[Delta (jiha)|Jihar Delta]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=tenders |date=2018-08-23 |title=THE FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTER ASABA, DELTA STATE-INVITATION FOR TENDER/EXPRESSION OF INTEREST {{!}} ETENDERS |url=https://www.etenders.com.ng/the-federal-medical-center-asaba-delta-state-invitation-for-tender-expression-of-interest/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616140731/https://etenders.com.ng/the-federal-medical-center-asaba-delta-state-invitation-for-tender-expression-of-interest/ |archive-date=2024-06-16 |access-date=2022-04-22 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Abuja|Abuja, Najeriya]], [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=tenders |date=2018-11-14 |title=FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTER (FMC) AIRPORT ROAD, JABI, ABUJA-INVITATION TO TENDER/EXPRESSION OF INTEREST {{!}} ETENDERS |url=https://www.etenders.com.ng/federal-medical-center-fmc-airport-road-jabi-abuja-invitation-to-tender-expression-of-interest/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506154615/https://www.etenders.com.ng/federal-medical-center-fmc-airport-road-jabi-abuja-invitation-to-tender-expression-of-interest/ |archive-date=2021-05-06 |access-date=2022-04-22 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Azare]], [[Bauchi (jiha)|Jihar Bauchi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=tenders |date=2018-09-19 |title=FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTRE AZARE, BAUCHI STATE-INVITATION TO TENDER FOR THE EXECUTION OF 2018 CAPITAL PROJECTS {{!}} ETENDERS |url=https://www.etenders.com.ng/federal-medical-centre-azare-bauchi-state-invitation-to-tender-for-the-execution-of-2018-capital-projects/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616140734/https://etenders.com.ng/federal-medical-centre-azare-bauchi-state-invitation-to-tender-for-the-execution-of-2018-capital-projects/ |archive-date=2024-06-16 |access-date=2022-04-22 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Bida]])&quot; id=&quot;mwRQ&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Federal Medical Centre (Bida)&quot;&gt;Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya (Bida) , Bida, [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Federal Medical Centre |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Federal-Medical-Centre/21995/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=www.finelib.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Birnin Kebbi|Birnin-Kebbi]], [[Kebbi|Jihar Kebbi]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Federal Medical Centre - Birnin Kebbi • Clinics - Public • Birnin, Unknown |url=https://www.medpages.info/sf/index.php?page=organisation&amp;orgcode=351107 |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=www.medpages.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Birnin Kudu]], [[Jihar Jigawa]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Homepage |url=https://fmcbkd.gov.ng/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=FMCBKD |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya Ebute, [[Ebute Metta|Ebute-Meta]], [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2014-01-14 |title=Pregnant women denied antenatal at Lagos federal hospital {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/153314-pregnant-women-denied-antenatal-lagos-federal-hospital.html |access-date=2022-04-24 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Gombe (birni)|Gombe]], [[Gombe (jiha)|Jihar Gombe]].
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Gusau]], [[Zamfara|Jihar Zamfara]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Abdulkadir |first=Isa |last2=Rufai |first2=Hafsah Ahmad |last3=Ochapa |first3=Sunday Onazi |last4=Malam |first4=Mado Sani |last5=Garba |first5=Bilkisu Ilah |last6=Oloko |first6=Adebayo Ganiyu Yusuf |last7=George |first7=Idemudia Itoya |date=2015-07-01 |title=Malaria rapid diagnostic test in children: The Zamfara, Nigeria experience |journal=Nigerian Medical Journal |language=en |volume=56 |issue=4 |pages=278–282 |doi=10.4103/0300-1652.169744 |issn=0300-1652 |pmc=4697217 |pmid=26759514 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Ido Ekiti]], [[Ekiti|Jihar Ekiti]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Federal Medical Centre - Ado Ekiti • Hospitals - Public • Ado Ekiti, Ado Ekiti |url=https://www.medpages.info/sf/index.php?page=organisation&amp;orgcode=267976 |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=www.medpages.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Jalingo]], [[Jahar Taraba|Jihar Taraba]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fatunmole |first=Marcus |date=2022-03-05 |title=Taraba: Consultants resign, shun new equipment at FMC Jalingo for overseas jobs |url=https://www.icirnigeria.org/taraba-consultants-resign-shun-new-equipment-at-fmc-jalingo-for-overseas-jobs/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=International Centre for Investigative Reporting |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]], [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-06-18 |title=NCDC commissions 5th infectious disease treatment centre in Kastina |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/06/ncdc-commissions-5th-infectious-disease-treatment-centre-in-kastina/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Keffi]], [[Nasarawa|Jihar Nasarawa]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-06-17 |title=FMC Keffi workers accuse MD of fraud, high-handedness |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/06/fmc-keffi-workers-accuse-md-of-fraud-high-handedness/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Lokoja]], [[Jihar Kogi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-03-10 |title=Sad, our medical students in Kogi use UniIlorin, Abuja teaching hospitals for practicals - Rep Member, Joseph |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/03/sad-our-medical-students-in-kogi-use-uniilorin-abuja-teaching-hospitals-for-practicals-rep-member-joseph/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Makurdi]], [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-04-10 |title=The transformation of FMC, Makurdi |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/04/transformation-fmc-makurdi/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Nguru]], [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTRE, NGURU, YOBE STATE– INVITATION TO TENDER FOR EXECUTION OF 2020 CAPITAL PROJECT {{!}} Public Procurement NG |url=https://www.publicprocurement.ng/federal-medical-centre-nguru-yobe-state-invitation-to-tender-for-execution-of-2020-capital-project/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NEONATAL CONCERNS FOR AFRICA - FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTRE NGURU |url=https://www.neonatalconcerns.org/medical-centre-nguru.html |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=www.neonatalconcerns.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Owerri]], [[Imo|Jihar Imo]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-06-05 |title=35 unidentified corpses dumped in FMC Owerri, Residents of S/East cry out: We're bleeding, hiding, living in fear |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/06/35-unidentified-corpses-dumped-in-fmc-owerri-residents-of-s-east-cry-out-were-bleeding-hiding-living-in-fear/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya (Biyu) , [[Ondo (jiha)|Jihar Ondo]] Ondo . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Federal Medical Centre – Channels Television |url=https://www.channelstv.com/tag/federal-medical-centre/ |access-date=2022-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Umuahia]], [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]] .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-10-29 |title=Health Minister's thoughts on transformation at FMC Umuahia |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/10/health-ministers-thoughts-transformation-fmc-umuahia/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa – Service for Excellence |url=https://fmcyenagoa.org.ng/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Oyeyemi |first=Tunji |date=2019-03-21 |title=FG Re-Appoints MD of Federal Medical Centre Yola, Adamawa State. |url=https://fmic.gov.ng/fg-re-appoints-md-of-federal-medical-centre-yola-adamawa-state/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=Federal Ministry of Information and Culture |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220831095449/https://fmic.gov.ng/fg-re-appoints-md-of-federal-medical-centre-yola-adamawa-state/ |archive-date=2022-08-31 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tarayya, Ikole Ekiti, [[Ekiti|Jihar Ekiti]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Federal Medical Centre IKOLE – Service for Excellence |url=https://fmcyenagoa.org.ng/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <title>Caroline Nompozolo</title>
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'''Caroline Nompozolo''' (17 Agusta 1916 - 7 Afrilu 2008) ita ce 'yar asalin Afirka ta Kudu ta farko da ta cancanci zama likita. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=July 1948 |title=Empire Native Nurses |url=https://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/volumes/96/Volume%2096%20Page%2085 |journal=British Journal of Nursing |volume=96 |pages=85 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250219195649/https://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/volumes/96/Volume%2096%20Page%2085 |archive-date=2025-02-19 |access-date=2025-10-24 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Triple Qualification TQ - The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh |url=https://archiveandlibrary.rcsed.ac.uk/special-collections/triple-qualification-tq |access-date=2025-01-11 |website=archiveandlibrary.rcsed.ac.uk |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi karatun likitanci a Makarantar Magunguna ta Kwalejin Sarauta ta Scotland sannan ta zama likitar fiɗa a asibitin St Charles's.  &lt;ref name=&quot;BJN1948&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |date=July 1948 |title=Empire native nurses |journal=The British Journal of Nursing |volume=96 |page=85}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ilimin farko ==
Ta yi karatu a makarantar sakandare ta Healdtown da ke lardin Gabashin Cape, inda daga baya [[Nelson Mandela]] ta kasance almajira daga shekarun 1937. Ta ci gaba da karatun kimiyya a Kwalejin 'Yan Asalin Afirka ta Kudu, Fort Hare a Alice a Gabashin Cape. An kafa Kwalejin Ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu, daga baya [[Jami'ar Fort Hare]], an kafa ta a cikin shekarar 1916 a wurin wani tsohon sansanin soja na Birtaniya. Kwalejin ta ba da ilimi mai zurfi irin na Turai; tsofaffin ɗaliban sun haɗa da Nelson Mandela, [[Oliver Tambo]] da [[Robert Mugabe]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;ugh&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 May 2024 |title=History |url=https://www.ufh.ac.za/About/Pages/History.aspx |access-date=11 May 2024 |website=University of Fort Hare |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201108204046/https://www.ufh.ac.za/About/Pages/History.aspx |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Burin Nompozola, duk da haka, ta kasance koyaushe karatun likitanci. A shekara ta 1937, bayan ta kammala shekarar farko ta kwas ɗin kimiyya, ta nemi Jami’ar St Andrews da ke Scotland don yin karatun likitanci, amma aka ki amincewa da ita saboda jami’ar ba ta amince da Kwalejin ‘yan asalin Afirka ta Kudu ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;rcsed&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-03-08 |title=Celebrating Dr. Caroline Nompozolo on International Women's Day |url=https://rcsedlibraryandarchive.wordpress.com/2017/03/08/celebrating-dr-caroline-nompozolo-on-international-womens-day/ |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (RCSEd) Library and Archive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ko da yake Makarantar Medicine na Kwalejin Royal Royal na Scotland ta gane takardar jarrabawarta, wanda ta yi nasarar neman karatun likitanci. A matsayinta na bakar fata na farko da ta fara yin haka an ba da labarinta a cikin jaridu.&quot; Kafin ta tashi zuwa Turai kusan kowane tashar jirgin ƙasa ta haɗu da malamai da 'yan jarida da malamai waɗanda suka yi mata fatan Allah ya kaita&quot;. 

== Ilimin likitanci ==
Shugabar Makarantar Magunguna, Farfesa John Orr, ta karɓi aikace-aikacenta kuma ya shirya za a shigar da ita a matsayin ɗalibar likitanci a Kwalejin Anderson, Glasgow, inda ta karanta ilimin jikin mutum da physiology, tare da ci gaba da karatu a St Mungo's College, Glasgow, dukkansu na makarantar extramural. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Four women who shaped surgery |url=https://rcsed.shorthandstories.com/surgeons-spring-25/heritage/index.html |access-date=13 June 2025 |website=rcsed.shorthandstories.com |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; An gudanar da horo na asibiti a Glasgow Royal Infirmary da Western Infirmary, manyan asibitocin koyarwa na Glasgow guda biyu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

Ta cancanci zama likita tare da cancantar Sau uku a shekarar 1942. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last= |first= |date=1943-05-01 |title=Conjoint Board in Scotland |url=https://www.bmj.com/content/1/4295/553.1 |journal=British Medical Journal |language=en |volume=1 |issue=4295 |pages=553 |doi=10.1136/bmj.1.4295.553 |issn=0007-1447 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin likita ==
Ta sami kuɗi don tafiya Dublin don karatun digiri na biyu a aikin ungozoma da likitan yara.

A cikin shekarar 1953 ta kasance likitan tiyata a gida a Asibitin St Charles da ke Yammacin London. 

Ta mutu a Bridgewater, Somerset, Ingila akan 7 Afrilu 2008. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=9 June 2008 |title=Caroline NOMPOZOLO |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/notice/L-58721-540323 |journal=[[The London Gazette|The Gazette]] |issue=58721 |id=L-58721-540323}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Don haka za a yi amfani da shi a matsayin mai tsananin gaske (albam)</title>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
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      <text bytes="8657" sha1="l0n8169d3jijr33oyftzuna27qif7ur" xml:space="preserve">'Ina so in zama mutum mai tsananin gaske') shi ne kundi na huɗu na mawaƙa da marubucin waƙoƙin Italiyanci Lucio Corsi . An sake shi a ranar 21 ga Maris 2025 ta Sugar Music .  Ya lashe Targa Tenco don mafi kyawun kundi na shekara.

Kundin ya ƙunshi waƙar taken, wanda Corsi ya yi gasa da shi a Sanremo Music Festival 2025, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Adrian Caporrella |date=18 December 2024 |title=Lucio Corsi: testo e significato di Volevo essere un duro, brano in gara al Festival di Sanremo 2025 |url=https://www.allmusicitalia.it/artista-del-mese/lucio-corsi-testo-e-significato-di-volevo-essere-un-duro-brano-in-gara-al-festival-di-sanremo-2025-testo-e-significato.html |access-date=18 December 2024 |website=All Music Italia |language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya kammala a matsayi na biyu kuma an ba shi kyautar &quot;Mia Martini&quot; Critics.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cecilia Esposito |date=20 January 2025 |title=Lucio Corsi a Sanremo 2025: &quot;È un'esperienza che volevo vivere&quot; |url=https://www.sorrisi.com/musica/sanremo/lucio-corsi-al-festival-di-sanremo-2025/ |access-date=20 January 2025 |website=[[TV Sorrisi e Canzoni]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=15 February 2025 |title=Sanremo 2025, a Lucio Corsi il Premio della Critica &quot;Mia Martini&quot; |url=https://www.rai.it/ufficiostampa/assets/template/us-articolo.html?ssiPath=/articoli/2025/02/Sanremo-2025-a-Lucio-Corsi-il-Premio-della-Critica-Mia-Martini-5a54c5e6-63f4-422d-988f-fc848888d378-ssi.html |access-date=16 February 2025 |website=[[RAI|Rai Ufficio Stampa Stampa]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zaɓi wannan waƙar don wakiltar Italiya a Gasar Waƙoƙin Eurovision ta 2025.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 February 2025 |title=Eurovision Song Contest, Lucio Corsi per l'Italia |url=https://www.rai.it/ufficiostampa/assets/template/us-articolo.html?ssiPath=/articoli/2025/02/Eurovision-Song-Contest-Lucio-Co-4c98abb9-2c4d-4d4b-b275-9dd44d9253fb-ssi.html |access-date=22 February 2025 |website=[[RAI|RAI Ufficio Stampa]] |language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi da abun da ke ciki ==
An sanar da kundin da aka yi a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu 2025 yayin da Corsi ya shiga cikin Sanremo Music Festival,  inda ya kasance na biyu a cikin matsayi na gaba ɗaya, a bayan &quot;Balorda nostalgia&quot; na Olly. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gianni Sibilla |date=16 February 2025 |title=Sanremo 2025: vince Olly |url=https://www.rockol.it/news-750103/sanremo-2025-vince-olly |access-date=16 February 2025 |website=[[Rockol]] |language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zabi Corsi a matsayin shigar Italiyanci don Gasar Waƙoƙin Eurovision ta 2025, bayan Olly ya ki damar wakiltar ƙasar a gasar.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;/&gt;

Kundin ya ƙunshi waƙoƙi tara da Corsi da kansa ya rubuta tare da Tommaso Ottomano da furodusa Antonio Cupertino, aka Cuper. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 March 2025 |title=Lucio Corsi racconta il nuovo album, &quot;Volevo essere un duro&quot;, canzone per canzone |url=https://www.allmusicitalia.it/news/lucio-corsi-volevo-essere-un-duro-track-by-track.html |access-date=21 March 2025 |website=All Music Italia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Angela Calvini |date=21 March 2025 |title=Musica. Lucio Corsi: &quot;Sogno coi piedi per terra&quot;. Perché il suo album ci piace |url=https://www.avvenire.it/agora/pagine/lucio-corsi-sognatore-con-le-radici |access-date=21 March 2025 |publisher=[[Avvenire]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250321124314/https://www.avvenire.it/agora/pagine/lucio-corsi-sognatore-con-le-radici |archive-date=21 March 2025 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wata hira da aka saki ga ''Rockol'', Corsi ya bayyana ma'anar kundin: &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cabona |first=Claudio |date=21 March 2025 |title=Lucio Corsi: &quot;Reinvento il passato per riscrivere il domani&quot; |url=https://www.rockol.it/news-750796/lucio-corsi-volevo-essere-un-duro-eurovision-live-2025-intervista |access-date=24 March 2025 |website=[[Rockol]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Blockquote|text=&quot;Many of the stories on the album relate to the past, to adolescence; they are stories lived by me, or by friends, or by others, or by people I have invented. Reinventing the past is something magical. The future is surprising; the past, in theory, is not because we have already lived it. That's why, if we reinterpret it, it can surprise just like tomorrow; it can have the same effect and allows us to create another personal story. [...] I am very fond of songs with protagonists who are unique characters. Their stories, in fact, may be small, but they contain an epic that deserves to be told and that is sometimes more interesting than those of great events&quot;.}}

== Ci gaba ==

=== Ma'aurata ===
An saki na farko, &quot;Tu sei il mattino&quot;, a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2024. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Vianelli |first=Michela |date=11 November 2024 |title=Il ricordo malinconico del primo amore: &quot;Tu sei il mattino&quot;, il nuovo singolo di Lucio Corsi |url=https://www.allmusicitalia.it/news/il-ricordo-malinconico-del-primo-amore-tu-sei-il-mattino-il-nuovo-singolo-di-lucio-corsi.html |access-date=21 February 2025 |website=All Music Italia}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairun 2025, Corsi ta fitar da na biyu &quot;Volevo essere un duro&quot;, wanda ya fafata a bikin kiɗa na Sanremo 2025. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Visentin |first=Barbara |date=5 February 2025 |title=&quot;Volevo essere un duro&quot; di Lucio Corsi, il significato del testo a Sanremo 2025 |url=https://www.corriere.it/spettacoli/festival-sanremo/25_febbraio_05/volevo-essere-un-duro-lucio-corsi-significato-testo-sanremo-2025-aef71e65-1ece-4224-b25d-982d68e23xlk.shtml |website=[[Corriere della Sera]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kodayake ba a sake shi a matsayin mutane ba, Corsi ya ɗora waƙar &quot;Nel cuore della notte&quot; a [[YouTube]] a ranar Kirsimeti ta 2024,  kuma a lokacin gabatar da shigarwarsa a Sanremo, ya yi waƙar &quot;Francis Delacroix&quot; a lokuta da yawa. 

A ranar 6 ga Yuni 2025, &quot;Situazione complicata&quot; ya shiga juyawa na rediyo a matsayin na uku daga cikin kundin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 June 2025 |title=Lucio Corsi - Situazione complicata (Radio Date: 06-06-2025) |url=https://earone.com/post/45fe7d8f6b28/lucio-corsi-situazione-complicata-radio-date-06-06-2025 |access-date=4 June 2025 |website=EarOne}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Don inganta kundin sa, Corsi zai fara rangadin da ke nuna wasan kwaikwayo a bukukuwan kiɗa daban-daban, da kuma a cikin tseren Italiyanci da kungiyoyi. Yawon shakatawa ya haɗa da Lucio Corsi Tour 2025, wanda aka shirya daga 10 ga Afrilu zuwa 4 ga Mayu, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Magellano Concerti {{!}} LUCIO CORSI - TOUR 2025 {{!}} Tour |url=https://www.magellanoconcerti.it/tour/159/lucio-corsi-tour-2025 |website=magellanoconcerti.it |access-date=2025-11-18 |archive-date=2025-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250419210851/https://magellanoconcerti.it/tour/159/lucio-corsi-tour-2025 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma Lucio Corse Estate 2025, wanda ke gudana daga 12 ga Yuni zuwa 31 ga Agusta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Magellano Concerti {{!}} LUCIO CORSI ESTATE 2025 {{!}} Tour |url=https://www.magellanoconcerti.it/tour/170/lucio-corsi-estate-2025 |website=magellanoconcerti.it }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da ƙari, zai yi a Roma's Capannelle Racecourse a ranar 21 ga Yuni kuma a Milan's Hippodrome of San Siro a ranar 7 ga Satumba 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monica Coviello |date=21 February 2025 |title=Lucio Corsi annuncia &quot;Ippodromi 2025&quot;, due nuove date a Roma e Milano |url=https://www.vanityfair.it/article/lucio-corsi-annuncia-ippodromi-2025-due-nuove-date-roma-milano |access-date=21 February 2025 |website=Vanity Fair Italia}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci ==
Giuliano Delli Paoli daga ''Ondarock'' ya bayyana cewa mawaƙin-marubucin ya yi amfani da &quot;yancin bayyanawa, ba tare da la'akari da yiwuwar zargi na masu tsattsauran ra'ayi ba&quot;, yana gano shi ne aikin da ya fi nasara a Corsi, da kuma &quot;ɗaya daga cikin manyan lokutan mawaƙin mawaƙa na Italiya&quot; na karni na 21.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Delli Paoli |first=Giuliano |date=21 March 2025 |title=Recensione: Lucio Corsi - Volevo essere un duro |url=https://www.ondarock.it/recensioni/2025-luciocorsi-volevoessereunduro.htm |access-date=21 March 2025 |website=Ondarock}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Claudio Todesco daga ''Rolling Stone Italiya'' ya rubuta cewa aikin yana da niyyar &quot;ƙoƙarin yin hotuna na kiɗa ba tare da barin girman mafarki ba&quot;, an kafa shi na ɗan lokaci &quot;a cikin ƙuruciya da ƙuruciya, kuma ta haka ne a cikin tunanin kuma watakila a cikin lokacin da ake buƙatar fitar da shi&quot;. Bugu da ƙari, ya lura cewa idan aka kwatanta da aikin da ya gabata na Corsi, kundin yana da &quot;sauti mai laushi&quot; don jaddada kalmomin, wanda aka raira tare da sautin &quot;mai tausayi, ba da labari, da haske&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;rollingrev&quot; /&gt;
 

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Brentford FC</title>
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'''Brentford Football Club''' ta kasance kungiya ce ta ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa da ke zaune a yankin Brentford, kudancin [[Landan|London]], kasar [[Ingila]] . Kungiyar ta fafata a [[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]], babbar kungiyar [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila]]. An kafa kulob din da ake kira &quot;The Bees&quot;, a 1889 kuma ya buga wasannin gida a Griffin Park daga 1904 kafin ya koma Filin wasa na Brentford Community a 2020.

Brentford da farko ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kafin su shiga London League a 1896 kuma sun gama a matsayin masu cin gaba a Division na biyu sannan kuma Division na farko don lashe zaben a cikin Southern League a 1898. Sun lashe Kudancin Kudancin a 1900-01 kuma an zabe su a cikin Kungiyar kwallon kafa a 1920. Kungiyar Brentford ta lashe lambar yabo ta Kudu ta Uku a 1932-33 da kuma lambar yabo ta biyu a 1934-35. Kungiyar ta ji daɗin samun nasara a saman jirgin ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila, ta kai matsayi na biyar a cikin Sashen Farko, a cikin 1935-36, mafi girman wasan da suka taɓa yi, kafin sauye-sauye uku sun bar su a cikin Sashe na huɗu a shekarar 1962. Sun lashe gasar zakarun hudu a 1962-63, amma an sake su a 1966 kuma a 1973 bayan sun sami ci gaba a 1971-72. Kungiyar Brentford ya shafe shekaru 14 a cikin Sashe na Uku bayan ya sami ci gaba a 1977-78 kuma ya ci gaba da lashe lambar yabo ta Uku a 1991-92, kodayake an sake sake shi a 1993.

An sake komawa Brentford zuwa matsayi na huɗu a shekarar 1998 kuma sun sami ci gaba a matsayin zakara a yakin 1998-99. An sake komawa kulob din a shekara ta 2007 kuma ya sami ci gaba a matsayin zakara na League Two a 2008-09 sannan aka ci gaba daga League One a 2013-14. Sun yi kamfen din da ba su yi nasara ba a gasar zakarun Turai a shekarar 2015 da 2020. Kungiyar Brentford suna da mummunar rikodin a wasan karshe, sun kammala a matsayin masu cin gaba a gasar cin kofin Associate Members ' Cup / Football League Trophy na karshe (1985, 2001 da 2011) kuma sun rasa wasan karshe na wasanni hudu (a 1997 na biyu na karshe, 2002 na biyu na biyu na ƙarshe, 2013 na League One da 2020 Championship na karshe). Koyaya, Brentford ta lashe gasar zakarun Turai ta 2021 don a inganta shi zuwa matakin mafi girma a karo na farko tun lokacin 1946-47. Manyan abokan hamayyarsu sune 'yan kungiyar Fulham da kuma Queens Park Rangers na Yammacin London. Suna da alaƙa da kulob din Mata na Brentford Women .

== Tarihi ==
[[Fayil:Brentford_FC_League_Performance.svg|thumb|Matsayi na Brentford tun daga kakar 1920-21 na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa.]]

=== 1889-1920: Kafawa da farkon shekarun ===
A shekara ta 1889, garin Brentford, Middlesex ya kasance gidan Brentford Rowing Club da Boston Park [[Kurket|Cricket]] Club.{{Sfn|White|1989}} Kokarin kafa kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] da rugby a garin ya fadi a kan hanya har sai an bude sabon filin shakatawa a ranar 17 ga Oktoba 1889.{{Sfn|White|1989}} Kwanaki bakwai da suka gabata, an gudanar da wani taro a mashaya na Oxford &amp; Cambridge kusa da Kew Bridge, a lokacin da aka yi ƙoƙari tsakanin mambobin kulob din motsa jiki da na wasan kurket don yanke shawarar yadda za a yi amfani da filin shakatawa.{{Sfn|White|1989}} A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 1889, mambobin kulob din jirgin ruwa sun sake haduwa a mashaya na Oxford &amp; Cambridge kuma an zabe shi cewa sabon kulob din zai buga kwallon kafa, za a kira shi &quot;Brentford Football Club&quot;.{{Sfn|White|1989}}

A ranar 26 ga Oktoba 1889, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brett |first=Ciaran |title=Match report from Brentford FC's first ever fixture |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/en/news/article/125-years-ago-today.........._61046 |access-date=17 August 2016 |website=brentfordfc.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; kulob din ya shirya wasan motsa jiki na farko kuma a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba an buga wasan farko na kulob din da Kew, wanda ya haifar da 1-1 draw.{{Sfn|White|1989}} A kakar 1892-93 kungiyar Brentford ta shiga gasar a karo na farko - West London Alliance .  {{Sfn|White|1989}}{{Sfn|White|1989}} Shekarar 1894-95 ita ce lokacin da kulob din Brentford ta fara samun laƙabi, The Bees . Wani rukuni na mutane daga Kwalejin Borough Road sun zo wasan don tallafawa abokinsu Joseph Gettins wanda ke buga kungiyar Brentford wasa a lokacin. Sun yi ihu a makarantarsu, 'Buck up Bs!' amma kafofin watsa labarai sun ji shi ba daidai ba ne kamar 'Buck Up bees!', kuma sunan ya makale.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-07-27 |title=Brentford |url=https://premierskillsenglish.britishcouncil.org/clubs/brentford |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=premierskillsenglish.britishcouncil.org |language=en |archive-date=2025-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213025946/https://premierskillsenglish.britishcouncil.org/clubs/brentford |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=Vince |title=THE BEES. THE HISTORY OF BRENTFORD – Part One {{!}} Read The League |url=https://readtheleague.com/if-you-know-your-history/the-bees-the-history-of-brentford-part-one |access-date=2025-03-18 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Yulin 1915, Kudancin Kudancin ya soke gasar ta tsawon lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na farko]].{{Sfn|White|1989}} Brentford ta yi gasa a cikin London Combination a lokacin yakin.{{Sfn|White|1989}} An kashe tawagar ta hanyar kiran 'yan wasa don hidima ko aikin yaƙi.{{Sfn|White|1989}} Brentford ya lashe lambar yabo ta London Combination a 1918-19, maki hudu a gaban masu kalubalantar kungiyar [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]].{{Sfn|White|1989}} Brentford ya ƙi damar neman zabe a gasar kwallon kafa ta 1919-20 kuma a maimakon haka ya nemi zaben zuwa Kungiyar Kudancin ta Farko, wanda aka ba shi, ya kammala a matsayi na 15.{{Sfn|White|1989}}

=== 1920-1954: Kafawa a cikin Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa da shekaru masu daraja ===
A watan Mayu 1920, an zabi kungiyar Brentford da wasu kungiyoyi 20 na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa a matsayin mambobin da suka kafa Kungiyar ta Uku don kakar 1920-21.{{Sfn|White|1989}} An sanya hannu kan sabbin 'yan wasa 11 kuma wasan farko na Bees na gasar kwallon kafa ya faru ne a ranar 28 ga watan Agusta 1920 a Exeter City's St James Park,  wanda ya haifar da shan kashi 3-0. {{Sfn|White|1989}}{{Sfn|Haynes|1998}} Duk da kwallaye 18 daga Harry King, rashin kwallaye daga wasu wurare a gefe ya jagoranci Brentford zuwa matsayi na 21, amma an sake zabarsa kulob din a cikin league ba tare da zuwa zabe ba.{{Sfn|White|1989}}{{Sfn|White|1989}}

=== 2014-yanzu: Hawan zuwa Premier League ===
[[Fayil:Brentford_Community_Stadium_2020.jpg|thumb|Kungiyar ta tashi daga Griffin Park zuwa Filin wasa na Brentford Community a watan Agustan 2020. &lt;ref name=&quot;NewHome&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Brentford FC move in to new home |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/news/2020/august/brentford-fc-move-in-to-new-home/ |access-date=30 September 2020 |website=brentfordfc.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
A kakar wasa ta farko a matakin na biyu tun 1993, Brentford ta kammala a matsayi na 5 amma ta sha kashi a hannun [[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]] a Wasanni kusa da na karshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Brentford results for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/brentford/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161129082700/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/brentford/2014-2015/results |archive-date=29 November 2016 |access-date=19 August 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; A karkashin Dean Smith, Brentford ya zama kungiyar da aka kafa a gasar zakarun Turai. Wanda ya gaji Smith, [[Thomas Frank]], ya dauki Brentford zuwa wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2020 bayan ya kammala na uku a gasar, amma ya rasa 2-1 ga abokan hamayyar West London Fulham .  A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2020, kulob din ya tashi daga Griffin Park (gidansa na shekaru 116) kuma ya shiga Filin wasa na Brentford Community, filin wasa mai iya ɗaukar mutane 17,250.  &lt;ref name=&quot;NewHome2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Brentford FC move in to new home |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/news/2020/august/brentford-fc-move-in-to-new-home/ |access-date=30 September 2020 |website=brentfordfc.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101111742/https://www.brentfordfc.com/news/2020/august/brentford-fc-move-in-to-new-home/ |archive-date=1 November 2020 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How Far is it Between Griffin Park, London and Brentford Community Stadium |url=https://www.freemaptools.com/how-far-is-it-between-griffin-park_-london-and-brentford-community-stadium.htm |access-date=30 September 2020 |website=freemaptools.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Brentford a ƙarshe ya karya la'anar wasan kwaikwayo bayan da ya rasa 9 daga cikin 9 na yakin neman zabe wanda a lokacin rikodin ƙasa ne kuma ya fi kyau a cikin wasan kwaikwayo a wannan shekarar, ya sami ci gaba zuwa Premier League tare da nasarar 2-0 a kan Swansea City a wasan karshe na gasar zakarun 2021.

Kungiyar Brentford sun taka leda a saman rukuni na Kwallon ƙafa na Ingila a karo na farko a cikin shekaru 74.  Frank ya jagoranci kungiyarsa zuwa matsayi na 13, 9, 16 da 10 a cikin kamfen din farko na Brentford na Premier League,  kafin ya bar kulob din a watan Yunin 2025 don gudanar da Tottenham Hotspur.  An sanar da Keith Andrews a matsayin magajinsa daga baya a wannan watan.

== Dalilan yanzu da na baya ==

* Hanyar Clifden (1889-1891) {{Sfn|Haynes|1998}}
* Benn's Field (1891-1895) {{Sfn|Haynes|1998}}
* Filin Shotter (1895-1898) {{Sfn|Haynes|1998}}
* Hanyar Hanyar (1898-1900) {{Sfn|Haynes|1998}}
* Hanyar York (1900-1904) {{Sfn|Haynes|1998}}
* Griffin Park (1904-2020) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The last night at Griffin Park |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/news/2020/september/griffin-park-floodlight-gallery/ |access-date=6 September 2020 |website=brentfordfc.com |language=en-gb |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930104822/https://www.brentfordfc.com/news/2020/september/griffin-park-floodlight-gallery/ |archive-date=30 September 2020 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Gtech Community Stadium (2020-yanzu) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Brentford 1 Wycombe Wanderers 1 (Brentford win 4–2 on penalties) |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/news/2020/september/match-report-for-brentford-vs-wycombe-wanderers-on-06-sep-20/ |access-date=6 September 2020 |website=brentfordfc.com |language=en-gb |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925224213/https://www.brentfordfc.com/news/2020/september/match-report-for-brentford-vs-wycombe-wanderers-on-06-sep-20/ |archive-date=25 September 2020 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
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    <title>Cibiyar Tsaro ta Kasuwanci da yawa</title>
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Multi-Agency Safeguarding Hubs ('''MASH''') a cikin Ƙasar Ingila shirye-shiryen hadin gwiwa ne da aka kafa tsakanin kungiyoyi masu yawa na karewa, tare da manufar yin aiki tare don sanya wanda aka azabtar a zuciyar duk yanke shawara yayin da yake cirewa zuwa mafi girma kamar yadda zai yiwu duk wani gasa tsakanin hukumomi ko siyasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016 |title=Multi-Agency Safeguarding Hubs |url=https://www.scie.org.uk/care-act-2014/safeguarding-adults/safeguarding-adults-boards-checklist-and-resources/collaborative-working-and-partnership/multi-agency-safeguarding-hubs.asp |access-date=13 June 2021 |website=Social Care Institute for Excellence |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613120939/https://www.scie.org.uk/care-act-2014/safeguarding-adults/safeguarding-adults-boards-checklist-and-resources/collaborative-working-and-partnership/multi-agency-safeguarding-hubs.asp |archive-date=13 June 2021 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Misali ne na ra'ayin zamani na 'Yan sanda da yawa.

== Manufofin ==
Manufar MASH ita ce ta hada dukkan hukumomin da ke da hannu wajen kare manya da yara masu rauni. Wannan na iya zama lokacin da suka sha wahala daga [[Tashin hankali na gida|Cin zarafin gida]], sakaci, cin zarafin aiki, cin zarafi na jima'i, cin zaraf na yara, cin zarafar jima'i na jima'iwa, ko duk wani aiki (yawanci ba bisa ka'ida ba) wanda ke sanya su cikin haɗarin ci gaba da lahani. Manufar MASH ita ce tabbatar da cewa lokacin da aka ba da rahoton irin wannan cin zarafin ga kowane ɗayan hukumomin da ke da hannu, duk hukumomin na iya sanin shi da sauri kuma suyi amfani da cikakken iko da zaɓuɓɓuka da ke akwai ga dukansu don sanya mafita mafi kyau don taimakawa wadanda abin ya shafa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016 |title=Multi-Agency Safeguarding Hubs |url=https://www.scie.org.uk/care-act-2014/safeguarding-adults/safeguarding-adults-boards-checklist-and-resources/collaborative-working-and-partnership/multi-agency-safeguarding-hubs.asp |access-date=13 June 2021 |website=Social Care Institute for Excellence |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613120939/https://www.scie.org.uk/care-act-2014/safeguarding-adults/safeguarding-adults-boards-checklist-and-resources/collaborative-working-and-partnership/multi-agency-safeguarding-hubs.asp |archive-date=13 June 2021 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rubuce-rubuce ==
MASHs galibi ana kafa su ne daga kungiyoyin jama'a da na agaji, galibi sun hada da (amma ba'a iyakance su ba):

== Tarihi ==
MASH an haife ta ne daga gabatarwar Shirye-shiryen Tsaro na Jama'a da Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Conferences (MARAC) lokacin da aka fahimci cewa hukumomin da ke da hannu na iya zama mafi tasiri idan aka sanya hadin gwiwa na dindindin. Wannan kuma ya kawar da batutuwa da yawa da aka kirkira ta tarurrukan MARAC na lokaci, inda sau da yawa ake tattauna mutane suna da fiye da minti 10 don la'akari da shari'arsu.[undefined][1] MASHs sun fara bayyana a kusa da 2010 tare da tarin 'yan hukumomi, zuwa 2013 kashi biyu bisa uku na dukkan yankunan karamar hukuma suna da su, kuma yanzu sun zama ruwan dare.[2] An yarda da su gabaɗaya cewa Nigel Boulton ne ya aiwatar da su, wani jami'in &lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Yan sanda na Devon da Cornwall wanda ya fahimci cewa don yin tasiri na yanke shawara, ana buƙatar bayanai da yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu.[3] Wannan ya buƙaci hadin gwiwar hukumomi da yawa fiye da yadda yake a baya.[4]￼

== Sakamakon ==
Bincike ya ba da shawarar cewa daga cikin duk abubuwan da 'yan sanda suka yi a cikin MASH, kashi 57.5% ne kawai aka ba da su ga ayyukan zamantakewa, kuma kashi 4.8% ne kawai na shari'o'in da suka sami wani nau'in kula da zamantakewa (misali ziyarar ma'aikacin zamantakewa). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016 |title=Multi-Agency Safeguarding Hubs |url=https://www.scie.org.uk/care-act-2014/safeguarding-adults/safeguarding-adults-boards-checklist-and-resources/collaborative-working-and-partnership/multi-agency-safeguarding-hubs.asp |access-date=13 June 2021 |website=Social Care Institute for Excellence |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613120939/https://www.scie.org.uk/care-act-2014/safeguarding-adults/safeguarding-adults-boards-checklist-and-resources/collaborative-working-and-partnership/multi-agency-safeguarding-hubs.asp |archive-date=13 June 2021 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Liz Bingham</title>
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'''Elizabeth Anne Bingham''' [[Order of the British Empire|OBE]] 'yar kasuwa ce ta Burtaniya kuma shugabar R3, ƙungiyar masana'antu don sake fasalin masu sana'a.

Manajan abokin aiki a EY (Ernst da Young), ta shiga kamfanin a 1986 bayan ta yi aiki a BDO Stoy Hayward . 

Ita ce babbar mai fafutuka don bambancin aiki a wurin aiki wanda aka ba ta suna [[Stonewall (charity)|Stonewall]] Role Model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Women in leadership |url=https://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/2013/apr/15/profiles-liz-bingham |newspaper=Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nada ta [[Order of the British Empire|Jami'in Order of the British Empire]] (OBE) a cikin 2015 New Year Honours don hidimomi ga daidaito a wurin aiki.

== Kyaututtuka ==
Tana da digiri na girmamawa na Gudanar da Kasuwanci daga Jami'ar BPP &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Women in leadership |url=https://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/2013/apr/15/profiles-liz-bingham |newspaper=Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma digiri na girmamawar Dokoki daga Jami'an Bath.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Women in leadership |url=https://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/2013/apr/15/profiles-liz-bingham |newspaper=Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sauran kyaututtuka da ta samu sun hada da:

* Kyautar 2012 don nasarorin daga Mata a Bankin &amp; Kudi
* 2012 a matsayi na 31 a cikin World Pride Power Jerin masu tasiri na LGBT a duk duniya
* 2013 a matsayi na 27 ta hanyar Accountancy Age a cikin Jerin Ikon Kudi
* 2013 mai suna a cikin BBC Radio 4 Woman's Hour 100 Power List &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Women in leadership |url=https://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/2013/apr/15/profiles-liz-bingham |newspaper=Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2013 daya daga cikin mata 100 na Cranfield don kallo jerin.
* 2014 ya kasance a matsayi na 18 a cikin FT Top 50 Outstanding in Business List.

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2014, ta kasance alƙali a cikin jerin sunayen ikon BBC Woman's Hour na shekara ta 2014. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Women in leadership |url=https://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/2013/apr/15/profiles-liz-bingham |newspaper=Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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'''Elizabeth Anne Bingham''' [[Order of the British Empire|OBE]] 'yar kasuwa ce ta Burtaniya kuma shugabar R3, ƙungiyar masana'antu don sake fasalin masu sana'a.

Manajan abokin aiki a EY (Ernst da Young), ta shiga kamfanin a 1986 bayan ta yi aiki a BDO Stoy Hayward . 

Ita ce babbar mai fafutuka don bambancin aiki a wurin aiki wanda aka ba ta suna Stonewall Role Model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Women in leadership |url=https://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/2013/apr/15/profiles-liz-bingham |newspaper=Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt; An nada ta [[Order of the British Empire|Jami'in Order of the British Empire]] (OBE) a cikin 2015 New Year Honours don hidimomi ga daidaito a wurin aiki.

== Kyaututtuka ==
Tana da digiri na girmamawa na Gudanar da Kasuwanci daga Jami'ar BPP &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Women in leadership |url=https://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/2013/apr/15/profiles-liz-bingham |newspaper=Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma digiri na girmamawar Dokoki daga Jami'an Bath.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Women in leadership |url=https://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/2013/apr/15/profiles-liz-bingham |newspaper=Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sauran kyaututtuka da ta samu sun hada da:

* Kyautar 2012 don nasarorin daga Mata a Bankin &amp; Kudi
* 2012 a matsayi na 31 a cikin World Pride Power Jerin masu tasiri na LGBT a duk duniya
* 2013 a matsayi na 27 ta hanyar Accountancy Age a cikin Jerin Ikon Kudi
* 2013 mai suna a cikin BBC Radio 4 Woman's Hour 100 Power List &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Women in leadership |url=https://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/2013/apr/15/profiles-liz-bingham |newspaper=Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2013 daya daga cikin mata 100 na Cranfield don kallo jerin.
* 2014 ya kasance a matsayi na 18 a cikin FT Top 50 Outstanding in Business List.

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2014, ta kasance alƙali a cikin jerin sunayen ikon BBC Woman's Hour na shekara ta 2014. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Women in leadership |url=https://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/2013/apr/15/profiles-liz-bingham |newspaper=Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Daniele Raffaeli</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>969758</origin>
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Raffaeli ya bayar da muryar babban jarumi Ben Tennyson a cikin sigar yaren Italiyanci ta [[Ben 10 (TV series)|''Ben 10'']], ''[[Ben 10: Alien Force]]'', da ''[[Ben 10: Ultimate Alien]]'' da ''[[Ben 10: Omniverse]]'' . Ya kuma bayar da muryar [[Chuck Bass]] a cikin sigar yaren Italiyanci ta shirin wasan kwaikwayo na matasa ''[[Gossip Girl|mai suna Gossip Girl]]'' .

An haifi Raffaeli a Roma. Yana aiki a [[Sefit - CDC]], [[Dubbing Brothers International Italy|Dubbing Brothers]], [[C.D. Cine Dubbing|C.D. Cinema Dubbing]], da sauran ɗakunan karatu a Italiya.

== Ayyukan murya ==

=== Ayyuka ===

* Nedeb a cikin ''Gli Smile da Go e il braciere di fuoco'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Gli Smile and Go e il braciere di fuoco |url=https://www.vixvocal.it/opere/GliSmileandGo-anim07/ |website=vixvocal.it |language=it |access-date=2025-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250222050720/https://www.vixvocal.it/opere/GliSmileandGo-anim07/ |archive-date=2025-02-22 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Melvo in ''La Pallastrike sull'isola di Pasqua''
* Mafi girma a cikin ''Kwanakin Matasa'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Teen Days |url=https://www.antoniogenna.net/doppiaggio/anim/teendays.htm |website=Il mondo dei doppiatori, antoniogenna.net |language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Leo a cikin ''Ulysses - Sunana Ba kowa'' ( ''{{Interlanguage link|Ulisse - Il mio nome è nessuno|it}}'' ) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ulisse - Il mio nome è nessuno |url=https://www.antoniogenna.net/doppiaggio/anim/ulisse.htm |website=Il mondo dei doppiatori, antoniogenna.net |language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ali a ''{{Interlanguage link|Gladiatori - Il Torneo delle Sette Meraviglie|it}}'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Gladiatori - Il Torneo delle Sette Meraviglie |url=https://www.antoniogenna.net/doppiaggio/anim/gladiatori.htm |website=Il mondo dei doppiatori, antoniogenna.net |language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Phil a cikin ''{{Interlanguage link|Acid Space|it}}'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Acid Space - Cast |url=https://www.mymovies.it/film/2015/acidspace/cast/ |website=mymovies.it}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Alfredo da Igor a cikin ''Cats 44'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=44 Gatti: cast e trama |url=https://www.superguidatv.it/dettaglio-serie/44-gatti-cast-trama/SR1939484916/ |website=superguidatv.it |language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Mista Dudu a cikin ''Super Spike Ball''

* Levi Ackerman a kai hari kan titan
* Ben Tennyson da Upgrade a cikin ''Ben 10''
* Ben Tennyson, Albedo, da Swampfire a cikin Ben 10: Alien Force''Ben 10: Ƙarfin Baƙi''
* Ben Tennyson, mai shekaru 10 Ben, Albedo, Nanomech, Swampfire, da Ultimate Swampfire a cikin Ben 10: Ultimate Alien''Ben 10: Baƙon Ƙarshe''
* Ben Tennyson a cikin ''Ben 10: Asirin Omnitrix''
* Gizmo (Muryar ta biyu) a cikin Teen Titans''Matasa Titans''
* Harold Berman a cikin ''Hey Arnold!'' , ''Hey Arnold!'' '': Fim din''
* Noboru Terao a cikin ''Muryoyin Tauraro Mai nisa''
* Ginta Toramizu a cikin ''MÄR''
* Comet a cikin Space Chimps''Chimps na sararin samaniya''
* Abnermal a cikin Garfield's Pet Force''Ƙarfin Garfield''
* Bobby Hill a cikin ''Sarkin Dutsen''
* Natsume Hyuuga a cikin ''Kwalejin Alice''
* Noah Nixon a cikin ''Janar Rex''
* Chad Dickson / Numbuh 274 a cikin Sunan sirri: Yara na gaba''Sunan sirri: Yara na kusa''
* Ace Bunny a cikin Loonatics Unleashed''An saki masu zaman kansu''
* Woo mai hikima a cikin ''Jarumi: 108''
* Yamato Delgado a cikin Yakin B-Daman''Yaƙin B-Daman''
* Benjamin Martin a cikin Spaced Out''Rarraba''
* Brett a cikin ''Team Galaxy''
* Wade Load a cikin Kim Possible (murya ta biyu), Kim Possible: A Sitch in Time, Kim Possible Movie: Don haka Drama''Kim Mai yiwuwa Movie: Don haka Drama''
* Chester McBadbat (Lokaci 4-5) a cikin The Fairly OddParents''Iyaye Masu Kyau''
* Dragon a cikin Abokan Sunny Patch na Miss Spider''Abokan Miss Spider's Sunny Patch''
* Scamp (Muryar Magana) a cikin Lady da Tramp II: Scamp's Adventure''Lady da Tramp II: Labarin Scamp''
* Vincent a cikin ''Flatmania''
* Katz Kobayashi a cikin Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam''Kayan tafi-da-gidanka Zeta Gundam''
* Kaytoo a cikin ''Eliot Kid''
* Gene Belcher a cikin ''Bob's Burgers''
* Davey Hunkerhoff a cikin Maɓallin''Masu maye gurbin''
* Max Kirrin a cikin Famous 5: A kan Shari'a''Shahararren 5: A kan Shari'ar''
* Erik a cikin Masu Tsaro na Di-Gata''Masu kare Di-Cat''
* Myron a Wayside''Hanyar da ke gefen''
* Kai a ''Ninjago''
* Macky a cikin ''Abokai da Jarumai''
* Oburi a cikin Kite''Jirgin sama''
* Lenny Carrot a cikin ''VeggieTales''
* Shinji Ikari a cikin Neon Farawa Evangelion, ''Evangelion: Mutuwa da sake haihuwa'', Ƙarshen Evangelion''Ƙarshen Bishara''
* Kakeru Sakamaki a cikin Idaten Jump''Rashin jituwa''
* Bouncing Boy a cikin Legion of Super Heroes''Rundunar Super Heroes''
* Rinpun da Kojin a cikin Magic User's Club''Kungiyar Mai Amfani da Magic''
* Amiboshi da Suboshi a cikin ''Fushigi Yûgi''
* Tang a cikin ''Shaolin Wuzang''
* Mookie a cikin Baby Felix''Jariri Felix''
* Nike a cikin Mahōjin Guru, Doki Densetsu Mahōjin guru''Doki Doki Densetsu Mahōjin Guru''
* Dortin a cikin Sorcerous Stabber Orphen''Orphen mai sihiri''
* Hokuto Kusanagi a cikin ''Gear Fighter Dendoh''
* Saisuke a ''Makarantar Shuriken''
* Jun Aoi a cikin Martian Successor Nadesico''Mai maye gurbin Martian Nadesico''
* Masato Iwai a cikin ''Gals!''
* Shinpachi Shimura a cikin ''Gin Tama''
* Edwin &quot;Meat&quot; Kapinski a cikin ''Sym-Bionic Titan''
* Gehl a cikin ''Ruwan Wolf''
* Rex a cikin ''[[Pop Pixie (TV series)|Pop Pixie]]''
* Hasken wuta a cikin Total Drama: Ramuwar gayya ta Tsibirin''Cikakken Wasan kwaikwayo: Ramuwar gayya ta Tsibirin''
* Julio a cikin Spike Team''[[Spike Team (TV series)|Kungiyar Spike]]''
* Luca a cikin Matasa''[[Teen Days (TV series)|Kwanakin Matasa]]''
* Kid Flash a cikin ''Matasa Adalci''
* Kanba Takakura da Penguin 1 a cikin ''Mawaru Penguindrum''

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Don Birrell</title>
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'''Don R. Birrell''' (1922-2006) ya kasance darektan Gidan Tarihi na Crocker a Sacramento, California, daga 1951 zuwa 1953, kuma ya kasance darakta na zane don Nut Tree a Vacaville, California, tun daga 1953&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 June 2011 |title=I'm Nuts Over the Nut Tree |url=http://modernkiddo.com/im-nuts-over-the-nut-tree/ |website=Modern Kiddo}}&lt;/ref&gt; har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya a 1990.&lt;ref name=&quot;obituary&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 June 2011 |title=Don R. Birrell – Obituary |url=https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/thereporter/obituary.aspx?n=don-r-birrell&amp;pid=18345998&amp;fhid=3836 |website=Legacy.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Baya ga aikinsa na zane a Nut Tree, Birrell ya kuma kirkiro tambarin birnin Vacaville,  tambarin jaridar Vacaville Reporter,  da zane-zane da aka gani a gefen motocin Raley's Supermarkets.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 July 2006 |title=Birrell&quot;s life, art celebrated |url=https://www.thereporter.com/2006/07/13/birrells-life-art-celebrated/ |publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;googleusercontent.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 March 2022 |title=Don's delicate template of life |url=http://www.thereporter.com/article/zz/20060707/NEWS/607079907 |publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Birrell ya kuma kasance mai zane-zane na zane-zane.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=DonBirrell – Sacramento Metropolitan Arts Commission |url=http://www.sacmetroarts.org/Programs/Public-Art/McKinley-Village-Art/McKinley-Village-Parks-Streets/DonBirrell |website=www.sacmetroarts.org |access-date=2026-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929034925/http://www.sacmetroarts.org/Programs/Public-Art/McKinley-Village-Art/McKinley-Village-Parks-Streets/DonBirrell |archive-date=2022-09-29 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidansa   a kan titin Kendal a Vacaville ya shahara da misalai na aikinsa na ƙira don Itacen Nut.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fazzare |first=Anthony |title=A Cat Video |url=https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/thereporter/obituary.aspx?n=don-r-birrell&amp;pid=18345998&amp;fhid=3836 |website=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Urbani |first=Raquel |date=6 February 2018 |title=Part 2: Remembering Al |url=http://www.dreyfussblackford.com/part-2-remembering-al/ |website=Dreyfuss + Blackford}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 December 2014 |title=Dinner for Eight Plus More: A fundraiser for the Vacaville Museum |url=https://www.ci.vacaville.ca.us/Home/Components/News/News/1058/ |website=City of Vacaville}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Don Birrell a ranar 6 ga Disamba, 1922, a Corona, California . Ya girma a Sacramento, California, kuma ya halarci Kwalejin Birnin Sacramento.&lt;ref name=&quot;northbay.org&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Art from the Heart – Wellspring |url=https://wellspring.northbay.org/art-from-the-heart/ |website=wellspring.northbay.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daraktan Gidan Tarihin Crocker ==
Birrell ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan gidan kayan gargajiya na Crocker a Sacramento daga 1951 zuwa 1953.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 June 2011 |title=I'm Nuts Over the Nut Tree |url=http://modernkiddo.com/im-nuts-over-the-nut-tree/ |website=Modern Kiddo}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 1951, ya shirya baje kolin aikin mai zane Martín Ramírez a Gidan Tarihin Crocker.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 July 2006 |title=Birrell&quot;s life, art celebrated |url=https://www.thereporter.com/2006/07/13/birrells-life-art-celebrated/ |publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 1952, zane &quot;Madonna in Landscape with Cars&quot; na Ramírez Charles Eames da Ray Eames ne suka karɓa a cikin wasika daga Don Birrell.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=DonBirrell – Sacramento Metropolitan Arts Commission |url=http://www.sacmetroarts.org/Programs/Public-Art/McKinley-Village-Art/McKinley-Village-Parks-Streets/DonBirrell |website=www.sacmetroarts.org |access-date=2026-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929034925/http://www.sacmetroarts.org/Programs/Public-Art/McKinley-Village-Art/McKinley-Village-Parks-Streets/DonBirrell |archive-date=2022-09-29 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Urbani |first=Raquel |date=6 February 2018 |title=Part 2: Remembering Al |url=http://www.dreyfussblackford.com/part-2-remembering-al/ |website=Dreyfuss + Blackford}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 December 2014 |title=Dinner for Eight Plus More: A fundraiser for the Vacaville Museum |url=https://www.ci.vacaville.ca.us/Home/Components/News/News/1058/ |website=City of Vacaville}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daraktan zane don itacen Nut ==
A shekara ta 1953, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 June 2011 |title=I'm Nuts Over the Nut Tree |url=http://modernkiddo.com/im-nuts-over-the-nut-tree/ |website=Modern Kiddo}}&lt;/ref&gt; Birrell ya zama darektan zane na gidan cin abinci na Nut Tree a Vacaville, inda ya kasance har sai da ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1990. [[Nut Tree|Itacen Nut]] yana da nasa sashen zane wanda yake jagoranta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 July 2006 |title=Birrell&quot;s life, art celebrated |url=https://www.thereporter.com/2006/07/13/birrells-life-art-celebrated/ |publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 1960, Birrell ya shirya nune-nunen zane-zane na [[Wayne Thiebaud]] waɗanda tafiye-tafiyen Thiebaut zuwa Mexico suka yi wahayi zuwa gare su.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Salma Samar Damluji</title>
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'''Salma Samar Damluji''' (an haife ta ne a shekara ta 1954) ƙwararriyar ce mai zane ce a Lebanon, farfesa kuma marubuciya da ke zaune a tsakanin Landan da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Ta yi aiki tare da mai zane na Masar [[Hassan Fathi|Hassan Fathy]] a Alkahira, a tsakanin shekarun 1975-6 da kuma a 1984-5. An naɗa ta mai ba da shawara kan gine-gine ga ministan [[Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa]], [[Shehu|Shaykh]] Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan a tsakanin 2001-2004 a Babban Masallacin Sheikh Zayed da sauran ayyuka a [[Abu Dhabi (birni)|Abu Dhabi]] . A shekara ta 2008, ta kafa Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; a Hadramaut, tare da abokan aiki a [[Yemen]] kuma tana aiki a can kan ayyukan gine-gine da gyaran ƙasa.

== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Damluji a [[Beirut]], Lebanon, ga uba ɗan ƙasar Iraqi kuma uwa Kirista 'yar Lebanon. Bayan rikicin da ya faru a shekarar 1958, iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa [[Bagdaza|Baghdad]] . Damluji ta koma Landan a shekarar 1972, inda ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar AA a fannin gine-gine a shekarar 1977. Daga baya ta kammala karatun digirinta na uku a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal a shekarar 1987. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Shiga Damluji cikin gine-ginen Yemen ya fara ne bayan ziyarar aiki ta UNESCO a shekarar 1981. Ayyukanta a can sun haɗa da, 'Masallacin Aynat: Masjid al Faqih (2008-11), Masna'at 'Urah, Daw'an (2008-12), Husn Qarn Majid, Daw'an (2012-14), Masallacin 'Umar Ba Wazir, Wadi Sah (2008-10) da kuma kwanan nan (2017-19) gyaran ƙofar Shibam bayan yaƙi, da sake gina al-Habib Hamad bin Salih Dome' Bin Isma'il Domes, Masallacin Shaklanza da ke Al-Shihr da kuma Shaykh Ya'qub Dome da ke Mukalla . Waɗannan ayyukan an ba su kuɗi ne daga Asusun Yarima Claus na Netherlands da Asusun Kare Al'adu na Majalisar Burtaniya, Burtaniya. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

A shekarar 2014, Damluji ita ce mace ta farko da aka gayyata ta zama mai zanen gini don bayar da Leçon Inaugurale &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; a École de Chaillot da ke Paris, ta goma a cikin jerin. An buga wannan a cikin ''The Other Architecture: Geometry, Earth and the Vernacular'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Salma Samar Damluji |url=http://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/publication/salma-samar-damluji |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=Cité de l'architecture &amp; du patrimoine |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; (Paris, 2015) kuma ta samar da taƙaitaccen bayani game da aikinta da bincikenta. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

An zaɓe ta ne a matsayin Memba na Académie d'Architecture da ke Paris a shekarar 2017, kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta Académie d'Architecture's Restoration Award (lambar azurfa) a shekarar 2015. A shekarar 2012, ta sami lambar yabo ta Duniya don Tsarin Gine-gine Mai Dorewa a shekarar 2012, daga Cité d'architecture &amp; du Patrimoine da Gidauniyar Locus. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

A shekarar 2013, an naɗa ta a matsayin Mu'allim Awad Binaldin Chairman na Farfesa a fannin Gine-gine a duniyar Musulunci, a Jami'ar Amurka ta Beirut . Damluji babbar malamar koyarwa ce a Makarantar Digiri ta Ƙungiyar Gine-gine (AA) da kuma Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal (RCA) da ke Landan (UK). Tana da littattafai da dama da aka buga a kan gine-ginen ƙasa da na harsunan yankin Larabawa. Littattafan da ta wallafa sun haɗa da ''Hassan Fathy: Earth &amp; Utopia'' (2018), ''The Architecture of Yemen'' (2007) da ''The Architecture of Oman'' (1998).&amp;nbsp;Za a buga sabon bugu na ''The Architecture of Yemen and its Reconstruction''  a shekarar 2020. Ta shirya nune-nunen da dama kan ayyukanta a Landan (a RCA da RIBA), a Paris, Venice da kuma a Madrid. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Littattafai ==

=== Littattafai ===

* ''Hassan Fathy: Duniya &amp; Utopia,'' (Laurence King Publishing, London 2018) 
* ''Sauran Architecture: Geometry, Duniya da Vernacular'' (Leçon Inaugurale de l'École de Chaillot), Paris 2015, Faransanci da Ingilishi.  (Gajeren jera ta Académie d'Architecture na Prix du Livre d'Architecture a watan Nuwamba 2015)
* ''Al Diwan Al Amiri, Doha, Qatar'', Laurence King Publishing, London 2013 
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Duniya, Alamomin Gine-gine Wadi Hadramut &amp; Daw'an,'' Taron Gine-ginen Duniya Say'un- Fabrairu 2011, Beirut 2011
* Edita. ''[https://www.amazon.com/Italian-Excellence-Sheikh-Sultan-Nahyan/dp/0615276296 Masallacin Sheikh Zayed Al Nahayan Abu Dhabi: Kyawun Italiya a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa] ,'' Fantini Mosaici, Milano 2009
* ''[https://www.amazon.com/Architecture-Yemen-Yafi-Hadramut/dp/185669514X Tsarin Gine-ginen Yemen Daga Yafi' zuwa Hadramut]'', Laurence King Publishing, London 2007
* ''[https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/200952518 Babban Masallacin Sultan Qaboos]'', Apex Publishing, Muscat 2007
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa'', Garnet Publishing, Reading 2006 
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Oman'', Karatu na 1998 
* Edita. ''Tsarin Masallacin Annabi Mai Tsarki Madina'', Landan 1998 
* Edita. ''Tsarin Masallacin Mai Tsarki Makkah'', Landan 1998 
* ''Zillij Fasahar Fasahohin Moroccan'', tare da John Hedgecoe; Karatu 1992  (Buga ta Faransa 1993)
* Babban Edita, ''Fasaha da Gine-gine na Musulunci, Tsarin Tsarin Geometric'' Issam El Said; Tarek El Bouri &amp; Keith Critchlow, Reading 1993 
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Bulo na Kwarin Laka Shibam, Tarim da Wadi Hadramut'', Karatu na 1992  (Buga ta Larabci, Beirut 1996)
* ''Gaskiyar Yemen; Gine-gine da aka sassaka a cikin Laka da Dutse'', Karatu na 1991 
* Edita. ''Littafin Tarihin Gani na Wani Mai Zane na Larabawa'', Maath Alousi, Beirut &amp; London 1983

=== Surorin littafi ===

* [http://www.editionsalternatives.com/site.php?type=P&amp;id=2147 http://www.gallimard.fr/Catalogue/GALLIMARD/Alternatives/Architecture-Alternatives/Sustainable-design-8 'Aikin Ammar Khammash' a cikin ''Tsarin Zane Mai Dorewa 8: Zuwa ga sabuwar Ɗabi'a don Gine-gine da Birni'', Contal, Marie-Hélène da Revedin, Jana, Gine-gine - Madadin Gallimard Editions, Paris, 2020 (shafi na 124-131).]
* 'Masallaci &amp; Gidaje Masu Tsarki a Wadi Sah: Hadramut (YEMEN)', a cikin ''ginin ƙasa da al'ada juzu'i na 2'' Ed. Hubert Feiglstorfer, IVA-ICRA (Cibiyar Bincike Mai Kwatanta Kan Gine-gine) Jami'ar Fasaha ta Vienna, Vienna, 2018  (shafi na&amp;nbsp;313–337).
* [http://www.iuav.it/Ateneo1/eventi-del/2017/W-A-VE--20/Scheda_Collana.pdf 'Sake ƙirƙiro M'alula'&amp;nbsp;a cikin ''Wave 2017'' | ''Siriya (Syria the Making of the Future + bita 26)'', Incipit (Italiya), 2017]{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* 'La Médina et le renouveau de la ville nomade [Madina da nomad sabunta birane]', a cikin ''La Ville Rebelle,'' Ed. Jana Revedin, Paris, 2015 
* &quot;Salma Samar Damluji&quot; a cikin ''Dorewa Design III'', ''vers une nouvelle ′ethique pour l'architecture et la ville'', Contal, Marie-Hélène da Revedin, Jana, Paris, 2014  (pp.82-95).

=== Labarai ===

* [https://issuu.com/pdezwart/docs/www.alefmag.com Mujallar Alef Fitowa ta 6] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226064409/https://issuu.com/pdezwart/docs/www.alefmag.com |date=2023-02-26 }} shafi na 70-73, 2008
* ''[https://www.architectural-review.com/buildings/earth/earthern-wear-mud-cities-in-hadramut-yemen/10046277.article Lalacewar Ƙasa: Birane Masu Laka a Hadramut, Yemen]'', Binciken Gine-gine, Fabrairu 2020
* ''[https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/engagements/ Hassan Fathy, de la vérité en Architecture; Hassan Fathy, Game da Gaskiya a Gine-gine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260212095852/https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/engagements/ |date=2026-02-12 }} ,'' Haɗin kai, L'Architecture d'Aujourd'hui, 'A'A 424, Satumba 2018
* [https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/generosites-espaces-en-plus/ ''Les Architectures de Terre de Salma Samar Damluji; Salma Samar Damluji's Earth Architecture,'' Générosités, espaces en plus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251212011220/https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/generosites-espaces-en-plus/ |date=2025-12-12 }}, L'Architecture d'Aujourd'hui, 'A'A 426, Mayu 2018

=== Nunin Nunin ===

* Nunin Zane-zane na Jami'ar Venice na Iuav akan Ma'lula: ' [http://wave2017.iuav.it Ginin babban kumfa mai girman rai ga Ma'lula, samfuran gidajen ibada da aka lalata, da birni]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ', Venice, Yuni-Yuli 2017
* [http://xx.aaschool.ac.uk/exhibition/ Matan AA XX 100 a fannin gine-gine a mahallinsu]{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 1917–2017, Ƙungiyar Gine-gine, London, 7 ga Oktoba-9 ga Disamba 2017
* Jami'ar Iuav Architecture 'Sketch for Syria', ayyukan fasaha, Janairu-Fabrairu 2017 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [https://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/publication/reenchanter-le-monde-architecture-ville-transitions Re-Enchant the World], nunin rukuni na Cité de l'Architecture et du Patrimoine, Palais du Chaillot, Paris, Mayu-Oktoba 2014
* Mai ba da shawara ga Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani na Louisiana, Denmark don baje kolin 'Arab Contemporary: Architecture, Culture and Identity', Denmark, Janairu- Mayu 2014 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Salma Samar Damluji |url=http://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/publication/salma-samar-damluji |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=Cité de l'architecture &amp; du patrimoine |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 'ARABIYA FELIX: Tsarin Gine-ginen Yemen', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; RIBA London, Nuwamba 2007- Fabrairu 2008

=== Sharhi ===

* Casabella, Mayu 2020 [https://casabellaweb.eu/2020/05/17/909-maggio-2020/ 'Hassan Fathy' na Francesco Dal Co]
* Nuwamba–Disamba 2019: Sabon Sharhin Hagu [https://newleftreview.org/issues/II120/articles/owen-hatherley-a-mud-brick-utopia 'A Laka-Brick Utopia' na Owen Hatherley]
* Nuwamba 2018: Financial Times [https://www.ft.com/content/7c0c7b94-ee0c-11e8-89c8-d36339d835c0 'Mafi kyawun littattafai na 2018: Gine-gine da zane' na Edwin Heathcote]
* 8 Nuwamba 2018: Corriere della Sera [http://living.corriere.it/tendenze/architettura/hassan-fathy-lutopia-continua/ 'Hassan Fathy: l'utopia continua' na Testo Massimo di Conto]
* Mujallar bangon waya ta Oktoba 2018 [https://www.wallpaper.com/architecture/hassan-fathy-book-laurence-king 'Littafi na farko kan falsafa da aikin Hassan Fathy' na Harriet Thorpe]
* [https://www.admiddleeast.com/book-review-hassan-fathys-tale-of-earth-utopia Sharhin Littafi na Hassan Fathy game da Duniya da Utopia na Oktoba 2018 na Gabashin Tsakiya 'Bita na Littafi: Labarin Hassan Fathy game da Duniya da Utopia' na Jumana Abdel-Razzaq]

=== Kyaututtuka ===

* [https://blogbaladi.com/architect-aub-professor-salma-samar-damluji-elected-member-of-the-academie-darchitecture-en-france/ Médaille de la Restauration], Kwalejin Gine-gine ta Faransa, Lambar Azurfa ta Kwalejin Gine-gine ta Faransa 2015 (Paris)
* Kyauta ta Duniya don Gine-gine Mai Dorewa 2012 (Paris), Gidauniyar Locus

=== Siffofin bidiyo ===

* [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/videos/2022-11-02/the-architects-building-future-cities-with-mud-video Laka Mai Sanyi Ya Fi Siminti Kyau Don Gina Gidaje a Afirka Mai Zafi, 2 Nuwamba 2022]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8uOxf22xDs&amp;feature=emb_logo Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an Mud Brick: Shekaru goma sha biyu na aiki]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_D43y9cjhY 'Sake Ba da Tarihi ...', Sabon jerin Canonical Historystories, London, Birtaniya, Janairu 2019]
* [http://wave2018iuav.com/w-a-ve-2018-italian-beauty-il-video-della-premiazione/ WAVe. 2018 Italiyanci Beauty: bidiyon bikin bayar da kyautar]
* [https://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/en/node/33549 Salma Samar Damluji, Daw'an Architecture Foundation, Entrevue diffusée dans l'exposition &quot;Réenchanter le monde: architecture, ville, transitions&quot; présentée à la Cité de l'architecture et du patrimoine du mercredi 21 mai 2014 au lundi 2014 octobre]
* [https://vimeo.com/255729622 Duniyar Duniya, tare da Roger Moukarzel, don Maimaita Nunin Duniya, Cité de l'Architecture &amp; du Patrimoine, 2014]
* [https://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/video/salma-samar-damluji-0 Leçon Inaugurale de l'école de Chaillot, Cité de l'Architecture et du Patrimoine, 3 Maris 2014]
* [https://vimeo.com/112070037 Rana Dust: Shibam tare da Roger Moukarzel, 2013]

== Gidauniyar Gine-ginen Bulo Mai Laka ta Daw'an ==
An kafa Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an Mud a shekarar 2007-8, ta hannun Salma Samar Damluji da abokan aikinta a Yemen, Dr. Abdullah BaGhumyan da kuma Architect Ali Ba Saad. Gidauniyar tana kafa ayyuka kuma tana neman kuɗi don tsara da ginawa tare da masu ginin Hadrami ta amfani da kayan ƙasa da dabarun gine-ginen Yemen.
[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_group_photo.jpg|thumb|Haɗuwa a Masjidul Faqih tare da (hagu zuwa dama): Mai kula da Masallaci, Sayyid Abu Bakr al-Hamid, Salma Samar Damluji, Mansab 'Aynat Umar al-Hamid, Umar BaSa'd (direbanmu) da Karamah 'Ubayd 'Ulaywah. ©Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation, 2012]]

=== An kammala ayyukan ===

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=9 Masna'at 'Urah] Wuri: Wadi Daw'an Kwanan wata: 2006 - 2013
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=12 Masallacin Aynat: Masjid al Faqih] Wuri: 'Aynat- Wadi Hadramut Ranar: 2008-2011
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=13 Masallacin Umar Ba Wazir Wuri] : Ghayl 'Umar- Sah, Wadi Hadramut Ranar: 2008 - 2010

[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji.jpg|thumb|Masallacin Umar Ba Wazir ©Daw'an Laka Bulo Gine-gine, 2010]]

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=14 Wali Domes (Saint Shrines)] Wuri: Sah, Wadi Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2008 - 2010
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=15 Husn Qarn Majid] Wuri: Wadi Daw'an Kwanan wata: 2012 - 2014
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=18 Gidajen Shibam] Gidan BaSahi - Gidan BaSwatayn Wuri: Shibam, Wadi Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2012 - 2014
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=19 Bayan Yaki Shibam] Shibam Gateway Shigar Fadar Shibam Wuri: Shibam, Wadi Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2017 - 2019
* Majalisar Burtaniya, Asusun Kare Al'adu (CPF), ta amince da tallafin kudi don wani aiki kan 'Sake Ginawa da Gyaran Al'adu bayan Yaƙi a Yemen', wanda Asusun CER-Net Prince Claus ya jagoranta. An ba da kwangilar Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an don gudanar da aikin tare da haɗin gwiwar Ofishin Gwamnan Hadramut. Aikin ya shafi sake gina wuraren al'adu da wuraren tarihi a Hadramut waɗanda aka yi niyya a lokacin yaƙin:

[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_group_photo_1.jpg|thumb|Tawagar Gine-ginen ...]]

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=20 Shaykh Ya'qub Dome] Location: Al Mukallah, Hadramut Date: 2019 - 2020

[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_Work.jpg|thumb|Al Habib Hamad Bin Salih Domes ©Daw'an Laka Bulo Gine-gine, 2019]]
[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_Work_Progress.jpg|thumb|Al Habib Hamad Bin Salih Domes ©Daw'an Laka Bulo Gine-gine, 2019]]

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=23 Masallacin Shaklanza] Wuri: Al Shihr, Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2019 - 2020
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=21 Al Habib Hamad Bin Salih Wuri] : Al Shihr, Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2019 - 2020
* Gidan [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=22 Bin Isma'il Wuri] : Al Shihr, Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2019 - 2020

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1954]]</text>
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'''Salma Samar Damluji''' (an haife ta ne a shekara ta alif 1954) ƙwararriyar ce mai zane ce a Lebanon, farfesa kuma marubuciya da ke zaune a tsakanin Landan da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Ta yi aiki tare da mai zane na Masar [[Hassan Fathi|Hassan Fathy]] a Alkahira, a tsakanin shekarun 1975-6 da kuma a 1984-5. An naɗa ta mai ba da shawara kan gine-gine ga ministan [[Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa]], [[Shehu|Shaykh]] Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan a tsakanin 2001-2004 a Babban Masallacin Sheikh Zayed da sauran ayyuka a [[Abu Dhabi (birni)|Abu Dhabi]] . A shekara ta 2008, ta kafa Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; a Hadramaut, tare da abokan aiki a [[Yemen]] kuma tana aiki a can kan ayyukan gine-gine da gyaran ƙasa.

== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Damluji a [[Beirut]], Lebanon, ga uba ɗan ƙasar Iraqi kuma uwa Kirista 'yar Lebanon. Bayan rikicin da ya faru a shekarar 1958, iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa [[Bagdaza|Baghdad]] . Damluji ta koma Landan a shekarar 1972, inda ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar AA a fannin gine-gine a shekarar 1977. Daga baya ta kammala karatun digirinta na uku a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal a shekarar 1987. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Shiga Damluji cikin gine-ginen Yemen ya fara ne bayan ziyarar aiki ta UNESCO a shekarar 1981. Ayyukanta a can sun haɗa da, 'Masallacin Aynat: Masjid al Faqih (2008-11), Masna'at 'Urah, Daw'an (2008-12), Husn Qarn Majid, Daw'an (2012-14), Masallacin 'Umar Ba Wazir, Wadi Sah (2008-10) da kuma kwanan nan (2017-19) gyaran ƙofar Shibam bayan yaƙi, da sake gina al-Habib Hamad bin Salih Dome' Bin Isma'il Domes, Masallacin Shaklanza da ke Al-Shihr da kuma Shaykh Ya'qub Dome da ke Mukalla . Waɗannan ayyukan an ba su kuɗi ne daga Asusun Yarima Claus na Netherlands da Asusun Kare Al'adu na Majalisar Burtaniya, Burtaniya. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

A shekarar 2014, Damluji ita ce mace ta farko da aka gayyata ta zama mai zanen gini don bayar da Leçon Inaugurale &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; a École de Chaillot da ke Paris, ta goma a cikin jerin. An buga wannan a cikin ''The Other Architecture: Geometry, Earth and the Vernacular'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Salma Samar Damluji |url=http://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/publication/salma-samar-damluji |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=Cité de l'architecture &amp; du patrimoine |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; (Paris, 2015) kuma ta samar da taƙaitaccen bayani game da aikinta da bincikenta. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

An zaɓe ta ne a matsayin Memba na Académie d'Architecture da ke Paris a shekarar 2017, kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta Académie d'Architecture's Restoration Award (lambar azurfa) a shekarar 2015. A shekarar 2012, ta sami lambar yabo ta Duniya don Tsarin Gine-gine Mai Dorewa a shekarar 2012, daga Cité d'architecture &amp; du Patrimoine da Gidauniyar Locus. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

A shekarar 2013, an naɗa ta a matsayin Mu'allim Awad Binaldin Chairman na Farfesa a fannin Gine-gine a duniyar Musulunci, a Jami'ar Amurka ta Beirut . Damluji babbar malamar koyarwa ce a Makarantar Digiri ta Ƙungiyar Gine-gine (AA) da kuma Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal (RCA) da ke Landan (UK). Tana da littattafai da dama da aka buga a kan gine-ginen ƙasa da na harsunan yankin Larabawa. Littattafan da ta wallafa sun haɗa da ''Hassan Fathy: Earth &amp; Utopia'' (2018), ''The Architecture of Yemen'' (2007) da ''The Architecture of Oman'' (1998).&amp;nbsp;Za a buga sabon bugu na ''The Architecture of Yemen and its Reconstruction''  a shekarar 2020. Ta shirya nune-nunen da dama kan ayyukanta a Landan (a RCA da RIBA), a Paris, Venice da kuma a Madrid. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Littattafai ==

=== Littattafai ===

* ''Hassan Fathy: Duniya &amp; Utopia,'' (Laurence King Publishing, London 2018) 
* ''Sauran Architecture: Geometry, Duniya da Vernacular'' (Leçon Inaugurale de l'École de Chaillot), Paris 2015, Faransanci da Ingilishi.  (Gajeren jera ta Académie d'Architecture na Prix du Livre d'Architecture a watan Nuwamba 2015)
* ''Al Diwan Al Amiri, Doha, Qatar'', Laurence King Publishing, London 2013 
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Duniya, Alamomin Gine-gine Wadi Hadramut &amp; Daw'an,'' Taron Gine-ginen Duniya Say'un- Fabrairu 2011, Beirut 2011
* Edita. ''[https://www.amazon.com/Italian-Excellence-Sheikh-Sultan-Nahyan/dp/0615276296 Masallacin Sheikh Zayed Al Nahayan Abu Dhabi: Kyawun Italiya a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa] ,'' Fantini Mosaici, Milano 2009
* ''[https://www.amazon.com/Architecture-Yemen-Yafi-Hadramut/dp/185669514X Tsarin Gine-ginen Yemen Daga Yafi' zuwa Hadramut]'', Laurence King Publishing, London 2007
* ''[https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/200952518 Babban Masallacin Sultan Qaboos]'', Apex Publishing, Muscat 2007
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa'', Garnet Publishing, Reading 2006 
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Oman'', Karatu na 1998 
* Edita. ''Tsarin Masallacin Annabi Mai Tsarki Madina'', Landan 1998 
* Edita. ''Tsarin Masallacin Mai Tsarki Makkah'', Landan 1998 
* ''Zillij Fasahar Fasahohin Moroccan'', tare da John Hedgecoe; Karatu 1992  (Buga ta Faransa 1993)
* Babban Edita, ''Fasaha da Gine-gine na Musulunci, Tsarin Tsarin Geometric'' Issam El Said; Tarek El Bouri &amp; Keith Critchlow, Reading 1993 
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Bulo na Kwarin Laka Shibam, Tarim da Wadi Hadramut'', Karatu na 1992  (Buga ta Larabci, Beirut 1996)
* ''Gaskiyar Yemen; Gine-gine da aka sassaka a cikin Laka da Dutse'', Karatu na 1991 
* Edita. ''Littafin Tarihin Gani na Wani Mai Zane na Larabawa'', Maath Alousi, Beirut &amp; London 1983

=== Surorin littafi ===

* [http://www.editionsalternatives.com/site.php?type=P&amp;id=2147 http://www.gallimard.fr/Catalogue/GALLIMARD/Alternatives/Architecture-Alternatives/Sustainable-design-8 'Aikin Ammar Khammash' a cikin ''Tsarin Zane Mai Dorewa 8: Zuwa ga sabuwar Ɗabi'a don Gine-gine da Birni'', Contal, Marie-Hélène da Revedin, Jana, Gine-gine - Madadin Gallimard Editions, Paris, 2020 (shafi na 124-131).]
* 'Masallaci &amp; Gidaje Masu Tsarki a Wadi Sah: Hadramut (YEMEN)', a cikin ''ginin ƙasa da al'ada juzu'i na 2'' Ed. Hubert Feiglstorfer, IVA-ICRA (Cibiyar Bincike Mai Kwatanta Kan Gine-gine) Jami'ar Fasaha ta Vienna, Vienna, 2018  (shafi na&amp;nbsp;313–337).
* [http://www.iuav.it/Ateneo1/eventi-del/2017/W-A-VE--20/Scheda_Collana.pdf 'Sake ƙirƙiro M'alula'&amp;nbsp;a cikin ''Wave 2017'' | ''Siriya (Syria the Making of the Future + bita 26)'', Incipit (Italiya), 2017]{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* 'La Médina et le renouveau de la ville nomade [Madina da nomad sabunta birane]', a cikin ''La Ville Rebelle,'' Ed. Jana Revedin, Paris, 2015 
* &quot;Salma Samar Damluji&quot; a cikin ''Dorewa Design III'', ''vers une nouvelle ′ethique pour l'architecture et la ville'', Contal, Marie-Hélène da Revedin, Jana, Paris, 2014  (pp.82-95).

=== Labarai ===

* [https://issuu.com/pdezwart/docs/www.alefmag.com Mujallar Alef Fitowa ta 6] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226064409/https://issuu.com/pdezwart/docs/www.alefmag.com |date=2023-02-26 }} shafi na 70-73, 2008
* ''[https://www.architectural-review.com/buildings/earth/earthern-wear-mud-cities-in-hadramut-yemen/10046277.article Lalacewar Ƙasa: Birane Masu Laka a Hadramut, Yemen]'', Binciken Gine-gine, Fabrairu 2020
* ''[https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/engagements/ Hassan Fathy, de la vérité en Architecture; Hassan Fathy, Game da Gaskiya a Gine-gine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260212095852/https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/engagements/ |date=2026-02-12 }} ,'' Haɗin kai, L'Architecture d'Aujourd'hui, 'A'A 424, Satumba 2018
* [https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/generosites-espaces-en-plus/ ''Les Architectures de Terre de Salma Samar Damluji; Salma Samar Damluji's Earth Architecture,'' Générosités, espaces en plus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251212011220/https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/generosites-espaces-en-plus/ |date=2025-12-12 }}, L'Architecture d'Aujourd'hui, 'A'A 426, Mayu 2018

=== Nunin Nunin ===

* Nunin Zane-zane na Jami'ar Venice na Iuav akan Ma'lula: ' [http://wave2017.iuav.it Ginin babban kumfa mai girman rai ga Ma'lula, samfuran gidajen ibada da aka lalata, da birni]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ', Venice, Yuni-Yuli 2017
* [http://xx.aaschool.ac.uk/exhibition/ Matan AA XX 100 a fannin gine-gine a mahallinsu]{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 1917–2017, Ƙungiyar Gine-gine, London, 7 ga Oktoba-9 ga Disamba 2017
* Jami'ar Iuav Architecture 'Sketch for Syria', ayyukan fasaha, Janairu-Fabrairu 2017 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [https://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/publication/reenchanter-le-monde-architecture-ville-transitions Re-Enchant the World], nunin rukuni na Cité de l'Architecture et du Patrimoine, Palais du Chaillot, Paris, Mayu-Oktoba 2014
* Mai ba da shawara ga Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani na Louisiana, Denmark don baje kolin 'Arab Contemporary: Architecture, Culture and Identity', Denmark, Janairu- Mayu 2014 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Salma Samar Damluji |url=http://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/publication/salma-samar-damluji |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=Cité de l'architecture &amp; du patrimoine |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 'ARABIYA FELIX: Tsarin Gine-ginen Yemen', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; RIBA London, Nuwamba 2007- Fabrairu 2008

=== Sharhi ===

* Casabella, Mayu 2020 [https://casabellaweb.eu/2020/05/17/909-maggio-2020/ 'Hassan Fathy' na Francesco Dal Co]
* Nuwamba–Disamba 2019: Sabon Sharhin Hagu [https://newleftreview.org/issues/II120/articles/owen-hatherley-a-mud-brick-utopia 'A Laka-Brick Utopia' na Owen Hatherley]
* Nuwamba 2018: Financial Times [https://www.ft.com/content/7c0c7b94-ee0c-11e8-89c8-d36339d835c0 'Mafi kyawun littattafai na 2018: Gine-gine da zane' na Edwin Heathcote]
* 8 Nuwamba 2018: Corriere della Sera [http://living.corriere.it/tendenze/architettura/hassan-fathy-lutopia-continua/ 'Hassan Fathy: l'utopia continua' na Testo Massimo di Conto]
* Mujallar bangon waya ta Oktoba 2018 [https://www.wallpaper.com/architecture/hassan-fathy-book-laurence-king 'Littafi na farko kan falsafa da aikin Hassan Fathy' na Harriet Thorpe]
* [https://www.admiddleeast.com/book-review-hassan-fathys-tale-of-earth-utopia Sharhin Littafi na Hassan Fathy game da Duniya da Utopia na Oktoba 2018 na Gabashin Tsakiya 'Bita na Littafi: Labarin Hassan Fathy game da Duniya da Utopia' na Jumana Abdel-Razzaq]

=== Kyaututtuka ===

* [https://blogbaladi.com/architect-aub-professor-salma-samar-damluji-elected-member-of-the-academie-darchitecture-en-france/ Médaille de la Restauration], Kwalejin Gine-gine ta Faransa, Lambar Azurfa ta Kwalejin Gine-gine ta Faransa 2015 (Paris)
* Kyauta ta Duniya don Gine-gine Mai Dorewa 2012 (Paris), Gidauniyar Locus

=== Siffofin bidiyo ===

* [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/videos/2022-11-02/the-architects-building-future-cities-with-mud-video Laka Mai Sanyi Ya Fi Siminti Kyau Don Gina Gidaje a Afirka Mai Zafi, 2 Nuwamba 2022]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8uOxf22xDs&amp;feature=emb_logo Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an Mud Brick: Shekaru goma sha biyu na aiki]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_D43y9cjhY 'Sake Ba da Tarihi ...', Sabon jerin Canonical Historystories, London, Birtaniya, Janairu 2019]
* [http://wave2018iuav.com/w-a-ve-2018-italian-beauty-il-video-della-premiazione/ WAVe. 2018 Italiyanci Beauty: bidiyon bikin bayar da kyautar]
* [https://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/en/node/33549 Salma Samar Damluji, Daw'an Architecture Foundation, Entrevue diffusée dans l'exposition &quot;Réenchanter le monde: architecture, ville, transitions&quot; présentée à la Cité de l'architecture et du patrimoine du mercredi 21 mai 2014 au lundi 2014 octobre]
* [https://vimeo.com/255729622 Duniyar Duniya, tare da Roger Moukarzel, don Maimaita Nunin Duniya, Cité de l'Architecture &amp; du Patrimoine, 2014]
* [https://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/video/salma-samar-damluji-0 Leçon Inaugurale de l'école de Chaillot, Cité de l'Architecture et du Patrimoine, 3 Maris 2014]
* [https://vimeo.com/112070037 Rana Dust: Shibam tare da Roger Moukarzel, 2013]

== Gidauniyar Gine-ginen Bulo Mai Laka ta Daw'an ==
An kafa Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an Mud a shekarar 2007-8, ta hannun Salma Samar Damluji da abokan aikinta a Yemen, Dr. Abdullah BaGhumyan da kuma Architect Ali Ba Saad. Gidauniyar tana kafa ayyuka kuma tana neman kuɗi don tsara da ginawa tare da masu ginin Hadrami ta amfani da kayan ƙasa da dabarun gine-ginen Yemen.
[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_group_photo.jpg|thumb|Haɗuwa a Masjidul Faqih tare da (hagu zuwa dama): Mai kula da Masallaci, Sayyid Abu Bakr al-Hamid, Salma Samar Damluji, Mansab 'Aynat Umar al-Hamid, Umar BaSa'd (direbanmu) da Karamah 'Ubayd 'Ulaywah. ©Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation, 2012]]

=== An kammala ayyukan ===

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=9 Masna'at 'Urah] Wuri: Wadi Daw'an Kwanan wata: 2006 - 2013
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=12 Masallacin Aynat: Masjid al Faqih] Wuri: 'Aynat- Wadi Hadramut Ranar: 2008-2011
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=13 Masallacin Umar Ba Wazir Wuri] : Ghayl 'Umar- Sah, Wadi Hadramut Ranar: 2008 - 2010

[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji.jpg|thumb|Masallacin Umar Ba Wazir ©Daw'an Laka Bulo Gine-gine, 2010]]

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=14 Wali Domes (Saint Shrines)] Wuri: Sah, Wadi Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2008 - 2010
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=15 Husn Qarn Majid] Wuri: Wadi Daw'an Kwanan wata: 2012 - 2014
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=18 Gidajen Shibam] Gidan BaSahi - Gidan BaSwatayn Wuri: Shibam, Wadi Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2012 - 2014
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=19 Bayan Yaki Shibam] Shibam Gateway Shigar Fadar Shibam Wuri: Shibam, Wadi Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2017 - 2019
* Majalisar Burtaniya, Asusun Kare Al'adu (CPF), ta amince da tallafin kudi don wani aiki kan 'Sake Ginawa da Gyaran Al'adu bayan Yaƙi a Yemen', wanda Asusun CER-Net Prince Claus ya jagoranta. An ba da kwangilar Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an don gudanar da aikin tare da haɗin gwiwar Ofishin Gwamnan Hadramut. Aikin ya shafi sake gina wuraren al'adu da wuraren tarihi a Hadramut waɗanda aka yi niyya a lokacin yaƙin:

[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_group_photo_1.jpg|thumb|Tawagar Gine-ginen ...]]

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=20 Shaykh Ya'qub Dome] Location: Al Mukallah, Hadramut Date: 2019 - 2020

[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_Work.jpg|thumb|Al Habib Hamad Bin Salih Domes ©Daw'an Laka Bulo Gine-gine, 2019]]
[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_Work_Progress.jpg|thumb|Al Habib Hamad Bin Salih Domes ©Daw'an Laka Bulo Gine-gine, 2019]]

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=23 Masallacin Shaklanza] Wuri: Al Shihr, Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2019 - 2020
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=21 Al Habib Hamad Bin Salih Wuri] : Al Shihr, Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2019 - 2020
* Gidan [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=22 Bin Isma'il Wuri] : Al Shihr, Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2019 - 2020

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1954]]</text>
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'''Salma Samar Damluji''' (an haife ta ne a shekara ta alif 1954) ƙwararriyar ce mai zane ce a Lebanon, farfesa kuma marubuciya da ke zaune a tsakanin Landan da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Ta yi aiki tare da mai zane na Masar [[Hassan Fathi|Hassan Fathy]] a Alkahira, a tsakanin shekarun 1975-6 da kuma a 1984-5. An naɗa ta mai ba da shawara kan gine-gine ga ministan [[Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa]], [[Shehu|Shaykh]] Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan a tsakanin 2001-2004 a Babban Masallacin Sheikh Zayed da sauran ayyuka a [[Abu Dhabi (birni)|Abu Dhabi]] . A shekara ta 2008, ta kafa Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; a Hadramaut, tare da abokan aiki a [[Yemen]] kuma tana aiki a can kan ayyukan gine-gine da gyaran ƙasa.

== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Damluji a [[Beirut]], Lebanon, ga uba ɗan ƙasar Iraqi kuma uwa Kirista 'yar Lebanon. Bayan rikicin da ya faru a shekarar 1958, iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa [[Bagdaza|Baghdad]] . Damluji ta koma Landan a shekarar 1972, inda ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar AA a fannin gine-gine a shekarar 1977. Daga baya ta kammala karatun digirinta na uku a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal a shekarar 1987. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Shiga Damluji cikin gine-ginen Yemen ya fara ne bayan ziyarar aiki ta UNESCO a shekarar alif 1981. Ayyukanta a can sun haɗa da, 'Masallacin Aynat: Masjid al Faqih (2008-11), Masna'at 'Urah, Daw'an (2008-12), Husn Qarn Majid, Daw'an (2012-14), Masallacin 'Umar Ba Wazir, Wadi Sah (2008-10) da kuma kwanan nan (2017-19) gyaran ƙofar Shibam bayan yaƙi, da sake gina al-Habib Hamad bin Salih Dome' Bin Isma'il Domes, Masallacin Shaklanza da ke Al-Shihr da kuma Shaykh Ya'qub Dome da ke Mukalla . Waɗannan ayyukan an ba su kuɗi ne daga Asusun Yarima Claus na Netherlands da Asusun Kare Al'adu na Majalisar Burtaniya, Burtaniya. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

A shekarar 2014, Damluji ita ce mace ta farko da aka gayyata ta zama mai zanen gini don bayar da Leçon Inaugurale &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; a École de Chaillot da ke Paris, ta goma a cikin jerin. An buga wannan a cikin ''The Other Architecture: Geometry, Earth and the Vernacular'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Salma Samar Damluji |url=http://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/publication/salma-samar-damluji |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=Cité de l'architecture &amp; du patrimoine |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; (Paris, 2015) kuma ta samar da taƙaitaccen bayani game da aikinta da bincikenta. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

An zaɓe ta ne a matsayin Memba na Académie d'Architecture da ke Paris a shekarar 2017, kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta Académie d'Architecture's Restoration Award (lambar azurfa) a shekarar 2015. A shekarar 2012, ta sami lambar yabo ta Duniya don Tsarin Gine-gine Mai Dorewa a shekarar 2012, daga Cité d'architecture &amp; du Patrimoine da Gidauniyar Locus. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

A shekarar 2013, an naɗa ta a matsayin Mu'allim Awad Binaldin Chairman na Farfesa a fannin Gine-gine a duniyar Musulunci, a Jami'ar Amurka ta Beirut . Damluji babbar malamar koyarwa ce a Makarantar Digiri ta Ƙungiyar Gine-gine (AA) da kuma Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal (RCA) da ke Landan (UK). Tana da littattafai da dama da aka buga a kan gine-ginen ƙasa da na harsunan yankin Larabawa. Littattafan da ta wallafa sun haɗa da ''Hassan Fathy: Earth &amp; Utopia'' (2018), ''The Architecture of Yemen'' (2007) da ''The Architecture of Oman'' (1998).&amp;nbsp;Za a buga sabon bugu na ''The Architecture of Yemen and its Reconstruction''  a shekarar 2020. Ta shirya nune-nunen da dama kan ayyukanta a Landan (a RCA da RIBA), a Paris, Venice da kuma a Madrid. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)&quot;&gt;ana buƙatar ambato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Littattafai ==

=== Littattafai ===

* ''Hassan Fathy: Duniya &amp; Utopia,'' (Laurence King Publishing, London 2018) 
* ''Sauran Architecture: Geometry, Duniya da Vernacular'' (Leçon Inaugurale de l'École de Chaillot), Paris 2015, Faransanci da Ingilishi.  (Gajeren jera ta Académie d'Architecture na Prix du Livre d'Architecture a watan Nuwamba 2015)
* ''Al Diwan Al Amiri, Doha, Qatar'', Laurence King Publishing, London 2013 
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Duniya, Alamomin Gine-gine Wadi Hadramut &amp; Daw'an,'' Taron Gine-ginen Duniya Say'un- Fabrairu 2011, Beirut 2011
* Edita. ''[https://www.amazon.com/Italian-Excellence-Sheikh-Sultan-Nahyan/dp/0615276296 Masallacin Sheikh Zayed Al Nahayan Abu Dhabi: Kyawun Italiya a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa] ,'' Fantini Mosaici, Milano 2009
* ''[https://www.amazon.com/Architecture-Yemen-Yafi-Hadramut/dp/185669514X Tsarin Gine-ginen Yemen Daga Yafi' zuwa Hadramut]'', Laurence King Publishing, London 2007
* ''[https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/200952518 Babban Masallacin Sultan Qaboos]'', Apex Publishing, Muscat 2007
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa'', Garnet Publishing, Reading 2006 
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Oman'', Karatu na 1998 
* Edita. ''Tsarin Masallacin Annabi Mai Tsarki Madina'', Landan 1998 
* Edita. ''Tsarin Masallacin Mai Tsarki Makkah'', Landan 1998 
* ''Zillij Fasahar Fasahohin Moroccan'', tare da John Hedgecoe; Karatu 1992  (Buga ta Faransa 1993)
* Babban Edita, ''Fasaha da Gine-gine na Musulunci, Tsarin Tsarin Geometric'' Issam El Said; Tarek El Bouri &amp; Keith Critchlow, Reading 1993 
* ''Tsarin Gine-ginen Bulo na Kwarin Laka Shibam, Tarim da Wadi Hadramut'', Karatu na 1992  (Buga ta Larabci, Beirut 1996)
* ''Gaskiyar Yemen; Gine-gine da aka sassaka a cikin Laka da Dutse'', Karatu na 1991 
* Edita. ''Littafin Tarihin Gani na Wani Mai Zane na Larabawa'', Maath Alousi, Beirut &amp; London 1983

=== Surorin littafi ===

* [http://www.editionsalternatives.com/site.php?type=P&amp;id=2147 http://www.gallimard.fr/Catalogue/GALLIMARD/Alternatives/Architecture-Alternatives/Sustainable-design-8 'Aikin Ammar Khammash' a cikin ''Tsarin Zane Mai Dorewa 8: Zuwa ga sabuwar Ɗabi'a don Gine-gine da Birni'', Contal, Marie-Hélène da Revedin, Jana, Gine-gine - Madadin Gallimard Editions, Paris, 2020 (shafi na 124-131).]
* 'Masallaci &amp; Gidaje Masu Tsarki a Wadi Sah: Hadramut (YEMEN)', a cikin ''ginin ƙasa da al'ada juzu'i na 2'' Ed. Hubert Feiglstorfer, IVA-ICRA (Cibiyar Bincike Mai Kwatanta Kan Gine-gine) Jami'ar Fasaha ta Vienna, Vienna, 2018  (shafi na&amp;nbsp;313–337).
* [http://www.iuav.it/Ateneo1/eventi-del/2017/W-A-VE--20/Scheda_Collana.pdf 'Sake ƙirƙiro M'alula'&amp;nbsp;a cikin ''Wave 2017'' | ''Siriya (Syria the Making of the Future + bita 26)'', Incipit (Italiya), 2017]{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* 'La Médina et le renouveau de la ville nomade [Madina da nomad sabunta birane]', a cikin ''La Ville Rebelle,'' Ed. Jana Revedin, Paris, 2015 
* &quot;Salma Samar Damluji&quot; a cikin ''Dorewa Design III'', ''vers une nouvelle ′ethique pour l'architecture et la ville'', Contal, Marie-Hélène da Revedin, Jana, Paris, 2014  (pp.82-95).

=== Labarai ===

* [https://issuu.com/pdezwart/docs/www.alefmag.com Mujallar Alef Fitowa ta 6] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226064409/https://issuu.com/pdezwart/docs/www.alefmag.com |date=2023-02-26 }} shafi na 70-73, 2008
* ''[https://www.architectural-review.com/buildings/earth/earthern-wear-mud-cities-in-hadramut-yemen/10046277.article Lalacewar Ƙasa: Birane Masu Laka a Hadramut, Yemen]'', Binciken Gine-gine, Fabrairu 2020
* ''[https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/engagements/ Hassan Fathy, de la vérité en Architecture; Hassan Fathy, Game da Gaskiya a Gine-gine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260212095852/https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/engagements/ |date=2026-02-12 }} ,'' Haɗin kai, L'Architecture d'Aujourd'hui, 'A'A 424, Satumba 2018
* [https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/generosites-espaces-en-plus/ ''Les Architectures de Terre de Salma Samar Damluji; Salma Samar Damluji's Earth Architecture,'' Générosités, espaces en plus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251212011220/https://www.larchitecturedaujourdhui.fr/generosites-espaces-en-plus/ |date=2025-12-12 }}, L'Architecture d'Aujourd'hui, 'A'A 426, Mayu 2018

=== Nunin Nunin ===

* Nunin Zane-zane na Jami'ar Venice na Iuav akan Ma'lula: ' [http://wave2017.iuav.it Ginin babban kumfa mai girman rai ga Ma'lula, samfuran gidajen ibada da aka lalata, da birni]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ', Venice, Yuni-Yuli 2017
* [http://xx.aaschool.ac.uk/exhibition/ Matan AA XX 100 a fannin gine-gine a mahallinsu]{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 1917–2017, Ƙungiyar Gine-gine, London, 7 ga Oktoba-9 ga Disamba 2017
* Jami'ar Iuav Architecture 'Sketch for Syria', ayyukan fasaha, Janairu-Fabrairu 2017 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [https://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/publication/reenchanter-le-monde-architecture-ville-transitions Re-Enchant the World], nunin rukuni na Cité de l'Architecture et du Patrimoine, Palais du Chaillot, Paris, Mayu-Oktoba 2014
* Mai ba da shawara ga Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani na Louisiana, Denmark don baje kolin 'Arab Contemporary: Architecture, Culture and Identity', Denmark, Janairu- Mayu 2014 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Salma Samar Damluji |url=http://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/publication/salma-samar-damluji |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=Cité de l'architecture &amp; du patrimoine |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 'ARABIYA FELIX: Tsarin Gine-ginen Yemen', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation |url=http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/ |access-date=2020-10-02 |website=www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; RIBA London, Nuwamba 2007- Fabrairu 2008

=== Sharhi ===

* Casabella, Mayu 2020 [https://casabellaweb.eu/2020/05/17/909-maggio-2020/ 'Hassan Fathy' na Francesco Dal Co]
* Nuwamba–Disamba 2019: Sabon Sharhin Hagu [https://newleftreview.org/issues/II120/articles/owen-hatherley-a-mud-brick-utopia 'A Laka-Brick Utopia' na Owen Hatherley]
* Nuwamba 2018: Financial Times [https://www.ft.com/content/7c0c7b94-ee0c-11e8-89c8-d36339d835c0 'Mafi kyawun littattafai na 2018: Gine-gine da zane' na Edwin Heathcote]
* 8 Nuwamba 2018: Corriere della Sera [http://living.corriere.it/tendenze/architettura/hassan-fathy-lutopia-continua/ 'Hassan Fathy: l'utopia continua' na Testo Massimo di Conto]
* Mujallar bangon waya ta Oktoba 2018 [https://www.wallpaper.com/architecture/hassan-fathy-book-laurence-king 'Littafi na farko kan falsafa da aikin Hassan Fathy' na Harriet Thorpe]
* [https://www.admiddleeast.com/book-review-hassan-fathys-tale-of-earth-utopia Sharhin Littafi na Hassan Fathy game da Duniya da Utopia na Oktoba 2018 na Gabashin Tsakiya 'Bita na Littafi: Labarin Hassan Fathy game da Duniya da Utopia' na Jumana Abdel-Razzaq]

=== Kyaututtuka ===

* [https://blogbaladi.com/architect-aub-professor-salma-samar-damluji-elected-member-of-the-academie-darchitecture-en-france/ Médaille de la Restauration], Kwalejin Gine-gine ta Faransa, Lambar Azurfa ta Kwalejin Gine-gine ta Faransa 2015 (Paris)
* Kyauta ta Duniya don Gine-gine Mai Dorewa 2012 (Paris), Gidauniyar Locus

=== Siffofin bidiyo ===

* [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/videos/2022-11-02/the-architects-building-future-cities-with-mud-video Laka Mai Sanyi Ya Fi Siminti Kyau Don Gina Gidaje a Afirka Mai Zafi, 2 Nuwamba 2022]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8uOxf22xDs&amp;feature=emb_logo Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an Mud Brick: Shekaru goma sha biyu na aiki]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_D43y9cjhY 'Sake Ba da Tarihi ...', Sabon jerin Canonical Historystories, London, Birtaniya, Janairu 2019]
* [http://wave2018iuav.com/w-a-ve-2018-italian-beauty-il-video-della-premiazione/ WAVe. 2018 Italiyanci Beauty: bidiyon bikin bayar da kyautar]
* [https://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/en/node/33549 Salma Samar Damluji, Daw'an Architecture Foundation, Entrevue diffusée dans l'exposition &quot;Réenchanter le monde: architecture, ville, transitions&quot; présentée à la Cité de l'architecture et du patrimoine du mercredi 21 mai 2014 au lundi 2014 octobre]
* [https://vimeo.com/255729622 Duniyar Duniya, tare da Roger Moukarzel, don Maimaita Nunin Duniya, Cité de l'Architecture &amp; du Patrimoine, 2014]
* [https://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/video/salma-samar-damluji-0 Leçon Inaugurale de l'école de Chaillot, Cité de l'Architecture et du Patrimoine, 3 Maris 2014]
* [https://vimeo.com/112070037 Rana Dust: Shibam tare da Roger Moukarzel, 2013]

== Gidauniyar Gine-ginen Bulo Mai Laka ta Daw'an ==
An kafa Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an Mud a shekarar 2007-8, ta hannun Salma Samar Damluji da abokan aikinta a Yemen, Dr. Abdullah BaGhumyan da kuma Architect Ali Ba Saad. Gidauniyar tana kafa ayyuka kuma tana neman kuɗi don tsara da ginawa tare da masu ginin Hadrami ta amfani da kayan ƙasa da dabarun gine-ginen Yemen.
[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_group_photo.jpg|thumb|Haɗuwa a Masjidul Faqih tare da (hagu zuwa dama): Mai kula da Masallaci, Sayyid Abu Bakr al-Hamid, Salma Samar Damluji, Mansab 'Aynat Umar al-Hamid, Umar BaSa'd (direbanmu) da Karamah 'Ubayd 'Ulaywah. ©Daw'an Mud Brick Architecture Foundation, 2012]]

=== An kammala ayyukan ===

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=9 Masna'at 'Urah] Wuri: Wadi Daw'an Kwanan wata: 2006 - 2013
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=12 Masallacin Aynat: Masjid al Faqih] Wuri: 'Aynat- Wadi Hadramut Ranar: 2008-2011
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=13 Masallacin Umar Ba Wazir Wuri] : Ghayl 'Umar- Sah, Wadi Hadramut Ranar: 2008 - 2010

[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji.jpg|thumb|Masallacin Umar Ba Wazir ©Daw'an Laka Bulo Gine-gine, 2010]]

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=14 Wali Domes (Saint Shrines)] Wuri: Sah, Wadi Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2008 - 2010
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=15 Husn Qarn Majid] Wuri: Wadi Daw'an Kwanan wata: 2012 - 2014
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=18 Gidajen Shibam] Gidan BaSahi - Gidan BaSwatayn Wuri: Shibam, Wadi Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2012 - 2014
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=19 Bayan Yaki Shibam] Shibam Gateway Shigar Fadar Shibam Wuri: Shibam, Wadi Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2017 - 2019
* Majalisar Burtaniya, Asusun Kare Al'adu (CPF), ta amince da tallafin kudi don wani aiki kan 'Sake Ginawa da Gyaran Al'adu bayan Yaƙi a Yemen', wanda Asusun CER-Net Prince Claus ya jagoranta. An ba da kwangilar Gidauniyar Gine-gine ta Daw'an don gudanar da aikin tare da haɗin gwiwar Ofishin Gwamnan Hadramut. Aikin ya shafi sake gina wuraren al'adu da wuraren tarihi a Hadramut waɗanda aka yi niyya a lokacin yaƙin:

[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_group_photo_1.jpg|thumb|Tawagar Gine-ginen ...]]

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=20 Shaykh Ya'qub Dome] Location: Al Mukallah, Hadramut Date: 2019 - 2020

[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_Work.jpg|thumb|Al Habib Hamad Bin Salih Domes ©Daw'an Laka Bulo Gine-gine, 2019]]
[[Fayil:Salma_Damluji_Work_Progress.jpg|thumb|Al Habib Hamad Bin Salih Domes ©Daw'an Laka Bulo Gine-gine, 2019]]

* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=23 Masallacin Shaklanza] Wuri: Al Shihr, Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2019 - 2020
* [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=21 Al Habib Hamad Bin Salih Wuri] : Al Shihr, Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2019 - 2020
* Gidan [http://www.dawanarchitecturefoundation.org/projectdetails.aspx?ProjectID=22 Bin Isma'il Wuri] : Al Shihr, Hadramut Kwanan wata: 2019 - 2020

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1954]]</text>
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    <title>Cibiyar Nazarin Tarihin Magana ta Columbia</title>
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Da yake a cikin Butler Library, '''Cibiyar Nazarin Tarihin Magana ta Jami'ar Columbia''' ita ce tsohuwar shirin Tarihin baki. Wanda ya lashe Kyautar Pulitzer Allan Nevins ya kafa shirin a shekarar 1948. Akwai jerin ayyukan da ke cikin cibiyar, na yanzu da na kammala.&lt;ref name=&quot;American Historical Society&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Patrick |title=Oral History, Policy History, and Information Abundance and Scarcity |url=http://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/april-2012/oral-history-policy-history-and-information-abundance-and-scarcity |access-date=6 December 2014 |website=Perspectives on History |publisher=American Historical Society}}&lt;/ref&gt; A halin yanzu ofishin yana da bayanan da aka ɗauka 8,000 da shafuka 1,000,000 na rubuce-rubuce.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Columbia University-Oral History Research Office |url=https://www.librarything.com/venue/2074/Columbia-University-Oral-History-Research-Office |access-date=6 December 2014 |website=LibraryThing |publisher=LibraryThing}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kafawa ==
Manufofin sha'awa ce ga Allan Nevins, kuma hakan ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi don kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Tarihin Magana, ko kuma musamman Ofishin Nazarin Tarihi na Jami'ar Columbia. Manufofin jama'a galibi suna da yawan rubuce-rubucen bayanai kuma hira za ta taimaka wajen jagorantar bincike.&lt;ref name=&quot;American Historical Society&quot;/&gt; Nevis ya nemi kudade daga Jami'ar Columbia amma bai samu komai ba - kawai ya isa ya biya ma'aikata kaɗan. Maganar da ya karɓa daga Jami'ar ita ce &quot;Ba za ku taɓa karɓar kuɗi na aiki daga Columbia ba&quot; wanda ya zama ƙarya. Cibiyar tana da daraktoci 4 ciki har da Nevins, ciki har da, [[Ronald J. Grele]], da [[Mary Marshall Clark]] wanda shine darakta na yanzu tun daga Yuni 2001. Ba har sai lokacin Clark a matsayin darektan ba ne cibiyar ta sami isasshen kudade don samun damar kammala manyan ayyuka kuma ta yi haɗin gwiwa tare da INCITE.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mary Marshall Clark Interview&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Coe |first=Natalie |last2=Furl |first2=Jennifer |title=Mary Marshall Clark, Director, Columbia University Oral History Research Office: The Oral History of 9/11 |url=http://philanthropynewsdigest.org/newsmakers/mary-marshall-clark-director-columbia-university-oral-history-research-office-the-oral-history-of-9-11 |access-date=7 December 2014 |website=Philanthropy News Digest |publisher=Foundation Center |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218003823/http://philanthropynewsdigest.org/newsmakers/mary-marshall-clark-director-columbia-university-oral-history-research-office-the-oral-history-of-9-11 |archive-date=18 December 2014 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙungiya ==
[[Columbia Center for Oral History Archives|Cibiyar Columbia don Tarihin Magana]] (CCOH) ta ƙunshi cibiyoyi biyu, Cibiyar Columbia ta Nazarin Tarihin Magunguna (CCOHR) da Cibiyar Columbia na Tarihin Maganganu (CCOHA). Ana adana ɗakunan ajiya a cikin Butler Library yayin da cibiyar bincike ta kasance wani ɓangare na Cibiyar Interdisciplinary don Ka'idoji da Empirics (INCITE). Cibiyar bincike tana neman kudade don ayyukan. Ana aika sakamakon waɗannan ayyukan zuwa ɗakunan ajiya don adanawa kuma a yi amfani da su azaman tushen kayan bincike na gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Columbia University-Oral History Research Office |url=https://www.librarything.com/venue/2074/Columbia-University-Oral-History-Research-Office |access-date=6 December 2014 |website=LibraryThing |publisher=LibraryThing}}&lt;/ref&gt; Samar da wani tushen abin dogaro kamar wannan burin wanda ya kafa Allan Nevins ne.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mary Marshall Clark Interview2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Coe |first=Natalie |last2=Furl |first2=Jennifer |title=Mary Marshall Clark, Director, Columbia University Oral History Research Office: The Oral History of 9/11 |url=http://philanthropynewsdigest.org/newsmakers/mary-marshall-clark-director-columbia-university-oral-history-research-office-the-oral-history-of-9-11 |access-date=7 December 2014 |website=Philanthropy News Digest |publisher=Foundation Center |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218003823/http://philanthropynewsdigest.org/newsmakers/mary-marshall-clark-director-columbia-university-oral-history-research-office-the-oral-history-of-9-11 |archive-date=18 December 2014 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
Ayyukan da CCOHR ta haɗa ana adana su a cikin ɗakunan ajiyar su kuma suna kunshe da bayanai da yawa kamar yadda za'a iya samu akan batun. Wasu sanannun misalai suna ƙasa.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Christine Checinska</title>
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Christine Shaw-Checinska ƙwararriyar mai tsara kayan mata ce 'yar ƙasar Jamaica, mai kula da kayan mata, kuma mai tarihin zane-zane. Ita ce babbar mai kula da kayan kwalliya da yadi na Afirka da Afirka da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje a Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert . Aikinta ya yi la'akari da alaƙar da ke tsakanin zane, al'ada da launin fata.

== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
Checinska ta yi karatun zane-zane da zane-zane a Jami'ar Yammacin Ingila da ke [[Bristol]] kuma ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin zane-zane da zane-zane a shekarar 1986.  Ta sami digiri na biyu a Cibiyar Fasaha da Zane ta Surrey a shekarar 2002. &lt;ref&gt; name=&quot;Christine | Goldsmiths, University of London&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Christine |url=https://www.gold.ac.uk/our-people/profile-hub/centre-for-cultural-studies/pg/phd/christine-checinska/ |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=Goldsmiths, University of London |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Checinska ta koma Goldsmiths, Jami'ar London don karatun digiri na uku, inda ta yi nazarin kyawun [[Mutanen Afirka da Caribbean na Burtaniya|tsararrakin Windrush]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Jessica Hemmings}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kasance mai bincike na gaba a Jami'ar Gabashin London &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Checinska Christine |url=https://iniva.org/library/digital-archive/people/c/checinska-christine |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=iniva |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606134234/https://iniva.org/library/digital-archive/people/c/checinska-christine/ |archive-date=2020-06-06 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Checinska ta yi aiki tare da Iniva (Cibiyar Fasaha ta Kayayyakin Duniya) kan ayyuka da dama, ciki har da ''Zane &amp; Bambanci da Zane na Zamantakewa'', wanda ya binciki yadi da hanyoyin zamantakewa. Ta kafa Rukunin Tufafi, Zane da Al'adu a Laburaren Stuart Hall na Iniva a shekarar 2013. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Christine Checinska |url=https://engage.org/contributors/christine-checinska/ |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=Engage |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bincike da aiki ==
An naɗa Checinska a matsayin Malami a fannin Fashion a Goldsmiths, Jami'ar London, kuma ta riƙe muƙami na haɗin gwiwa a [[Jami'ar Johannesburg]], Cibiyar Bincike ta Fasaha da Zane. &lt;ref&gt;name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Arrivants |url=https://www.viad.co.za/the-arrivants |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=VIAD |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai tsara kayan kwalliya mai zaman kansa, tana jagorantar tarin kayan kwalliya na Margaret Howell . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Jessica Hemmings}}&lt;/ref&gt; Aikinta ya yi la'akari da alaƙar da ke tsakanin zane, al'ada da launin fata; tana bincika jigogi kamar mulkin mallaka da cinikin ƙasa da ƙasa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Checinska Christine |url=https://iniva.org/library/digital-archive/people/c/checinska-christine |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=iniva |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606134234/https://iniva.org/library/digital-archive/people/c/checinska-christine/ |archive-date=2020-06-06 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2016 shirinta na ''The Arrivants'' ya fara fitowa a [[Jami'ar Johannesburg]] FADA (Faculty of Art, Design and Architecture). &lt;ref&gt; name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Arrivants |url=https://www.viad.co.za/the-arrivants |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=VIAD |language=en-US}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.viad.co.za/the-arrivants &quot;The Arrivants&quot;]. ''VIAD''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;6 June&lt;/span&gt; 2020&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; ''The Arrivants'' sun yi la'akari da mahadar launin fata, al'ada da salon zamani, tare da mai da hankali kan rawar da sutura ke takawa a tattaunawar iyakokin zamantakewa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Jessica Hemmings}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya a wannan shekarar, ta gabatar da wani shiri na TED wanda ya binciki salon a matsayin fafutukar yau da kullun. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Checinska Christine |url=https://iniva.org/library/digital-archive/people/c/checinska-christine |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=iniva |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606134234/https://iniva.org/library/digital-archive/people/c/checinska-christine/ |archive-date=2020-06-06 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin jawabinta ta ƙirƙiro kalmar &quot;Craftivist&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2020, Checinska ta zama mai kula da salon Afirka da na Afirka da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje a gidan adana kayan tarihi na Victoria da Albert . &lt;ref&gt; name=&quot;TSA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Christine Checinska |url=https://textilesocietyofamerica.org/dr-christine-checinska |access-date=17 October 2022 |publisher=[[Textile Society of America]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ita ce babbar mai kula da babban baje kolin kayan tarihi na Victoria da Albert ''Africa Fashion'' (Yuli 2022–Afrilu 2023). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Jessica Hemmings}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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    <title>Colin Boyd, Baron Boyd na Duncansby</title>
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'''Colin Boyd, Baron Boyd na Duncansby''', PC (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Yuni 1953) tsohon [[alkali]] ne ɗan Scotland wanda [[Senator of the College of Justice|Sanata ne na Kwalejin Shari'a]] daga Yuni 2012 zuwa Yuni 2024. Ya kasance [[Lord Advocate]] na [[Scotland]] daga 24 ga Fabrairu 2000 har zuwa murabus ɗinsa a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 2006.  A ranar 11 ga Afrilu 2006, [[10 titin Downing|Downing Street]] ta sanar da cewa Colin Boyd zai hau kujera a matsayin [[Life peer|abokin aiki]] [[Crossbench|na dindindin]] ;  duk da haka, ya karɓi ragamar shugabancin Labour bayan ya yi murabus a matsayin [[Lord Advocate]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lord Boyd of Duncansby |url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/lord_boyd_of_duncansby |access-date=2026-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512025137/http://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/lord_boyd_of_duncansby |archive-date=2013-05-12 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; An gabatar da shi a hukumance a [[House of Lords|Majalisar Iyaye]] a ranar 3 ga Yuli 2006.  A ranar da aka zaɓi shugaban SNP [[Alex Salmond]] a matsayin Ministan Farko na Scotland (16 ga Mayu 2007), an ruwaito cewa Boyd zai bar Scottish Bar don zama mai ba da shawara na ɗan lokaci tare da lauyoyin gwamnati [[Dundas &amp; Wilson]] . Ya shaida wa ''[[Glasgow Herald]]'' cewa, &quot;Wannan shi ne karo na farko. Ban yi tsammanin wani mai kare hakkin jama'a ya taɓa yin haka ba—ya bar Lauyan ya zama lauya.&quot;

== Tarihin Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko da aikin shari'a ===
An ɗauko taken Lord Boyd daga [[Duncansby Head]] a cikin littafin Caithness – wurin da aka fi so don fita da iyali lokacin da yake yaro yana zaune a Wick . Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Wick da Kwalejin George Watson, Edinburgh, kuma ya kammala karatun digiri na BA (Econ) daga Jami'ar Manchester a fannin siyasa da tattalin arziki, da kuma LLB daga Jami'ar Edinburgh . Ya kasance lauya a fannin aiki na sirri kafin a kira shi zuwa Lauyan Scotland a 1983. Boyd ya kasance Wakili na Lauya daga 1993 zuwa 1995 kuma ya ɗauki Silk a matsayin Lauyan Sarauniya a 1995. Shi ma'aikacin shari'a ne na Cibiyar Tsara Garin Royal . A matsayinsa na mai kare hakkin jama'a, ya gina wata ƙungiya a fannin shari'a.

=== Aikin siyasa ===
A matsayinsa na ɗalibi a jami'a, ya shiga Jam'iyyar Labour amma ya koma Jam'iyyar Labour ta Scotland wadda ta balle, inda ya raba wa wanda ya kafa SLP Jim Sillars rashin amincewar babbar Jam'iyyar Labour don cimma burinta na raba iko. Boyd ya tsaya takarar dan majalisar dokoki na SLP a babban zaɓen 1979 a mazabar Edinburgh ta Tsakiya, amma ya samu ƙuri'u 176 kacal. Lokacin da SLP ta wargaje, bayan gazawarta wajen yin tasiri a wannan zaɓen, ya yanke shawarar komawa Jam'iyyar Labour maimakon bin Sillars zuwa Jam'iyyar National Scottish . Bayan zaɓen 1997, an naɗa shi Lauya Janar na Scotland . An ɗaukaka shi zuwa Lord Advocate a 2000 bayan an naɗa Andrew Hardie a kan kujera. An naɗa shi a matsayin Mai Ba da Shawara na Sirri a 2000.

=== Peerage ===
Bayan sanarwar da aka bayar a ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 2006 game da nadin Boyd a Majalisar Dattawa, nadinsa na ɗan takarar gwamna ya zama abin tattaunawa a tsakanin 'yan siyasa na Scotland. 'Yan siyasan adawa sun ce wani ɗan takarar gwamna ya siyasantar da shugaban sashen shari'a.  Boyd ya kare nadin:&lt;blockquote&gt;Ina ci gaba da jajircewa kan cikakken aikin Lord Advocate, ina jagorantar Ofishin Crown da kuma Hukumar Kula da Kuɗi ta Procurator, da kuma duba shirin gyara da na fara shekaru huɗu da suka gabata. Naɗin zama a Majalisar Lords wani ƙarin aiki ne na halitta na Lord Advocate da kuma ci gaba wanda zai ba ni damar wakiltar muradun Scotland a gida da kuma a matakin Burtaniya.&lt;/blockquote&gt;A watan Disamba na 2006, bayan Elish Angiolini ya maye gurbin Boyd a matsayin Lord Advocate, 'Yan sandan Metropolitan sun yi wa Ministan Farko Jack McConnell tambayoyi game da nadin Boyd da ya yi a matsayin pearage. McConnell ya ce ya &quot;yi takaici&quot; kan abin da ya dauka a matsayin &quot;naɗin da aka saba da shi&quot; wanda ya shiga cikin binciken Scotland Yard . 

=== Gwajin Lockerbie ===
Lord Boyd na Duncansby a matsayin Lord Advocate ya jagoranci masu gabatar da kara a shari'ar bam ɗin jirgin saman Pan Am Flight 103 tsakanin Mayu 2000 da Janairu 2001. Daga cikin waɗanda ake tuhuma guda biyu, an wanke ɗaya - Fhimah - ɗayan kuma - Megrahi - a ranar 31 ga Janairu 2001 bisa laifuka 270 na kisan kai, kuma an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru 27 a gidan yari. Ana ci gaba da cece-kuce game da hukuncin Megrahi duk da kin amincewa da ƙararsa a ranar 14 ga Maris 2002. An yi shakku kan shaidar da aka gabatar a shari'ar kuma an bayyana shakku game da amincin shaidun da ke gabatar da ƙara da dama. A cewar jaridar ''The Sunday Times'' ta ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2005, tsohon Lord Advocate Lord Fraser na Carmyllie ya bayyana ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan shaidun a matsayin &quot;ba cikakken shilling ba&quot; da kuma &quot;rabin apple na pikinik&quot;. Boyd ya buƙaci Lord Fraser ya fitar da sanarwa a bainar jama'a don fayyace abin da ya faɗa game da wannan shaida, da kuma abin da yake nufi da waɗannan kalaman.

=== Cece-kucen zanen yatsa ===
A watan Fabrairun 2006, an shigar da Boyd cikin takaddamar sawun yatsan ɗan sanda mai bincike Shirley McKie, lokacin da aka ba ta diyya ta fam 750,000 a wani sulhu a wajen kotu. A matsayinta na Lauya Janar, Boyd ita ce ke da alhakin gurfanar da DC McKie bayan ta musanta zargin da jami'an tsaron sawun yatsa na Scotland ( SCRO ) suka yi mata cewa ta bar sawun yatsanta a wurin kisan kai a watan Janairun 1997. An kama McKie a watan Maris na 1998, an tuhume ta da laifin yin rantsuwar karya amma a shari'arta a watan Mayun 1999 an yi watsi da shaidar sawun yatsan SCRO, kuma an wanke ta.

An naɗa wani babban jami'in 'yan sanda na Scotland, James Mackay QPM, a watan Yunin 2000 ta Ofishin Masarautar Burtaniya don ya binciki lamarin. Rahoton wucin gadi na Mackay a watan Agustan 2000 ya nuna cewa shaidar da ma'aikatan SCRO huɗu suka bayar a kotu ta nuna cewa 'maguɗin gama gari ne da haɗin gwiwa'. Sakamakon haka, SCRO ta dakatar da jami'an sawun yatsa huɗu nan take, kuma an sanar da ministocin Scotland. Rahoton sirri na ƙarshe na Mackay ya kasance a ɓoye har sai da aka buga wasu bayanai a jaridar ''Scotsman'' a watan Fabrairun 2006. Mackay ya kammala da cewa 'ɓoye da aikata laifuka' sun faru a SCRO kuma ya ba da shawarar a gurfanar da jami'an sawun yatsa huɗu. Duk da haka, ''ɗan Scotland'' ya kuma bayyana cewa Boyd ya yanke shawara a watan Satumba na 2001 ba zai ɗauki mataki ba don mayar da martani ga shawarar Mackay, kuma an mayar da jami'an SCRO huɗu.

A watan Yunin 2007, wannan jaridar ta yi tambayoyi kan yadda shawarar Boyd na kin gurfanar da ma'aikatan SCRO a kaka ta 2000 ta shafi shari'ar bama-bamai ta jirgin sama na Pan Am Flight 103 da ake yi a wancan lokacin, inda yake jagorantar masu gabatar da kara. Da idanun duniya suka mayar da hankali kan tsarin shari'ar Scotland, da hakan zai iya kawo cikas ga shari'ar Crown ta sa a binciki SCRO kuma a gurfanar da kwararrun sawun yatsanta saboda boye laifuka.  Tsohon mai fafutukar kare hakkin Lockerbie kuma dan majalisar Labour mai ritaya Tam Dalyell ya nemi Boyd ya 'yi la'akari da matsayinsa', yayin da Michael Russell MSP ya dage cewa Boyd ba zai iya ci gaba da zama Lord Advocate ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=11 April 2006 |title=New working life peers unveiled |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/4896620.stm |work=BBC News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Magajin Boyd a matsayin Lord Advocate, Elish Angiolini, ya amince ya bayyana a gaban binciken zanen yatsa wanda aka fara a ranar 2 ga Yuni 2009. 

=== Kwalejin Shari'a ===
A ranar 1 ga Yuni 2012, an sanar da cewa za a nada Boyd a matsayin Sanata na Kwalejin Shari'a .  A ranar 7 ga Disamba 2021, an sanar da cewa za a nada Boyd a Majalisar Dokoki ta Cikin Gida ta Kotun Zamantakewa daga ranar 5 ga Janairu 2022.  Ya yi ritaya a shekarar 2024. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lord Boyd of Duncansby |url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/lord_boyd_of_duncansby |access-date=2026-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512025137/http://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/lord_boyd_of_duncansby |archive-date=2013-05-12 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Littattafai ==
Boyd ya bayar da gudummawa ga wani littafi mai suna ''The Legal Aspects of Devolution'' wanda aka buga jim kaɗan kafin babban zaɓen 1997.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1953]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Cibiyar Beacon ta Tennessee</title>
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      <id>969790</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-20T10:37:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abdulrahman tahir shika</username>
        <id>24962</id>
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      <comment>Nayi gyara</comment>
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      <text bytes="7048" sha1="fasx00stncsl2pmimxa1pdgcy61bwei" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}} 
'''Cibiyar Beacon ta Tennessee''', wacce ta kasance '''Cibiyar Nazarin Manufofin Tennessee''' ('''TCPR'''), kasuwa ce mai zaman kanta  mai zaman kanta da ke zaune a Nashville, Tennessee. Yankunan bincike na Cibiyar sun hada da haraji da manufofin tattalin arziki, manufofin ilimi, da manufofin kiwon lafiya. Kungiyar memba ce ta Cibiyar Siyasa ta Jiha. 

TCPR ta goyi bayan soke harajin dukiya Tennessee kuma ta ba da shawara don sake fasalin laifi da Zaɓin makaranta da kuma hana cin zarafin farar hula.

== Tarihi da bayyani ==
Drew Johnson ne ya kafa TCPR a shekara ta 2004. Johnson ya bar TCPR a ƙarshen shekara ta 2009. Justin Owen ya zama shugaban kasa a watan Agustan shekara ta 2010. 

TCPR ta kiyasta cewa kudin shiga na shekara ta 2008 zai kai kimanin $ 400,000 na shekara, kusan ninki biyu na kudaden shekarar da ta gabata. Karin daga 2007 zuwa 2008 an danganta shi da tallace-tallace daga rahoton 2007 game da amfani da makamashi na Al Gore.[1] Kungiyar ta sami gudummawar $ 481,000 a cikin 2012, tare da gudummawar da ta kai dala miliyan 1.2 a cikin 2013. Cibiyar Beacon tana karɓar kashi 54 cikin 100 na kudinta daga tushe, kashi 43 cikin 100 daga masu ba da gudummawa, kashi 1.5 cikin 100 daga gudummawar kamfanoni da kashi 1.5 cikin dari daga wasu tushe.[2]￼

A watan Satumbar 2011, kungiyar ta ba da sanarwar cewa ta canza sunanta zuwa &quot;Beacon Center of Tennessee&quot;. A cikin saƙo ga magoya baya, shugaban kasar Justin Owen ya nuna cewa sabon sunan zai wakilci sabon aikin kungiyar, &quot;don haskaka hanyar samun 'yanci da wadata&quot; a jihar.

Cibiyar Beacon memba ce ta Cibiyar Manufofin Jiha (SPN), cibiyar sadarwa ta Amurka ta takamaiman tankuna masu tunani na kasuwa kyauta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=About » State Policy Network |url=http://www.spn.org/about/page/background |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405044025/https://www.spn.org/about/page/background |archive-date=2014-04-05 |access-date=2014-04-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; SPN tana ba da kuɗi, horo da sauran tallafi ga ƙungiyoyin membobinta.

== Ayyuka da matsayi ==
Cibiyar Beacon tana tallata ra'ayoyinta ta hanyar wallafe-wallafe, sakonnin manema labarai, tambayoyin kafofin watsa labarai, da ginshiƙan baƙi. Littattafansa sun haɗa da &quot;Tennessee Pork Report&quot; na shekara-shekara (wanda aka buga tare da Citizens Against Government Waste)  da kuma Jagoran 'Yan majalisa' ga Batutuwan.

=== Batutuwan Kuɗi ===
Beacon na tallafawa raguwar kashe kuɗin gwamnati da kuma kawar da ko rage harajin jihar Tennessee da yawa.

Kungiyar ta goyi bayan gyare-gyare ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Tennessee don hana harajin samun kudin shiga na jihar don &quot;kwashewa... ƙoƙarin wuce irin wannan harajin sau ɗaya&quot;.  A cikin 2014, 'yan ƙasa na Tennessee sun jefa kuri'a don gyaran kundin tsarin mulki don hana haraji na samun kudin shiga. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tennessee Income Tax Prohibition, Amendment 3 (2014) - Ballotpedia |url=https://ballotpedia.org/Tennessee_Income_Tax_Prohibition,_Amendment_3_(2014) |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=ballotpedia.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2012, Cibiyar Beacon ta shiga cikin soke Harajin mutuwa Tennessee.

Beacon ya ba da shawarar rage ko kawar da harajin tallace-tallace na Tennessee akan kayan masarufi, sigari, da man fetur.

A cikin 2011, TCPR ta yi tsayayya da wani tsari na tsawaita fa'idodin inshora na rashin aikin yi daga matsakaicin makonni 79 zuwa matsakaicin mako 99.

Cibiyar Beacon da reshen Tennessee na Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama ta Amurka sun yi aiki tare don ƙoƙarin kawo ƙarshen cin zarafin farar hula a Tennessee.

=== Kula da lafiya ===
A watan Janairun 2015, Gwamnan Tennessee Bill Haslam ya kira wani zaman na musamman don fadada Medicaid a Tennessee a karkashin Dokar Kulawa mai araha. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Two more reasons to leave Insure Tennessee in the dust - Watchdog.org |url=http://watchdog.org/228216/two-reasons-leave-insure-tennessee-dust/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310165554/http://watchdog.org/228216/two-reasons-leave-insure-tennessee-dust/ |archive-date=2016-03-10 |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=Watchdog.org |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cibiyar Beacon ta ba da shaida a gaban kwamitocin Majalisar Dattijai da Majalisar Dattilai  kuma ta dauki yabo don kayar da lissafin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Beacon Center grows, helps defeat Insure TN |url=http://www.tennessean.com/story/news/politics/2015/05/22/beacon-center-grows-helps-defeat-insure-tn/27750513/ |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=The Tennessean}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sisk |first=Blake Farmer, Chas |date=4 February 2015 |title=First Vote Kills Insure Tennessee Medicaid Expansion |url=http://nashvillepublicradio.org/post/first-vote-kills-insure-tennessee-medicaid-expansion#stream/0 |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=nashvillepublicradio.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan shan kashi na fadada Medicaid, Cibiyar Beacon ta ba da shawarar kulawa ta farko kai tsaye, shirin da marasa lafiya za su iya guje wa sayen inshorar lafiya da kwangila kai tsaye tare da Likitocin kulawa na farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Justin Owen: Direct Primary Care better than health insurance |url=http://www.knoxnews.com/opinion/columnists/justin-owen-direct-primary-care-better-than-health-insurance-2679e388-8504-1380-e053-0100007f110e-362872461.html |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=www.knoxnews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Bayyanawa ===
A shekara ta 2008, kungiyar ta kai kashi 16 cikin 100 na duk buƙatun rubuce-rubucen budewa ga reshen zartarwa na Tennessee.[1] A wani lokaci, TCPR ta kai karar Ma'aikatar Kudi da Gudanarwa ta jihar kan jinkirin amsawa ga buƙatar buɗe bayanan.[2] A cikin 2008, jami'an jihar sun amsa buƙatar rikodin TCPR don saƙonnin imel daga Ma'aikatar Haraji ta Tennessee ta hanyar gaya wa TCPR cewa dole ne ya biya $ 3,201 don kowace rana ta saƙonnin imel da ya nema.[3]￼

=== Muhalli ===
TCPR tana gudanar da shafin yanar gizon da ake kira &quot;Carnival of Climate Change&quot; wanda ke da shakku game da [[Yarjejeniyar kimiyya game da canjin yanayi]]. TCPR na ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi da mutane da ke yada bayanan rikice-rikice na yanayi, bisa ga rahoton 2009 a cikin mujallar Mother Jones. 

=== Rahoto game da gidan Al Gore ===
A cikin 2007 TCPR ta ba da rahoto da ke tabbatar da cewa gidan Al Gore a yankin Nashville ya yi amfani da fiye da sau 20 na makamashi na gida na yau da kullun a [[Amurka]]. 'Yan jarida da suka biyo baya a kan zargin sun gano cewa gidan Gore ya yi amfani da wutar lantarki fiye da gida na yau da kullun, amma kuma sun gano cewa kusan sau 12 ne na matsakaicin Nashville (sau 20 ba tare da haɗa wutar lantarki daga bangarorin hasken rana a dukiyar ba), sun nuna cewa ginin ya yi aiki a matsayin zama da ofishin kasuwanci ga Al da Tipper Gore, ya fi girma fiye da gidan da gida na al'ada, kuma Gore ya yi ingantaccen ci gaba ga gidan a lokacin 2007 wanda ya rage yawan amfani da wutar.&lt;ref name=&quot;snopes&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Haɗin waje ==
 

* {{Official website}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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      <id>969800</id>
      <parentid>969790</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:27:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>/* Tarihi da bayyani */</comment>
      <origin>969800</origin>
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      <text bytes="7050" sha1="q06x72arb20v4a2ejptd0pcubzst4fx" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}} 
'''Cibiyar Beacon ta Tennessee''', wacce ta kasance '''Cibiyar Nazarin Manufofin Tennessee''' ('''TCPR'''), kasuwa ce mai zaman kanta  mai zaman kanta da ke zaune a Nashville, Tennessee. Yankunan bincike na Cibiyar sun hada da haraji da manufofin tattalin arziki, manufofin ilimi, da manufofin kiwon lafiya. Kungiyar memba ce ta Cibiyar Siyasa ta Jiha. 

TCPR ta goyi bayan soke harajin dukiya Tennessee kuma ta ba da shawara don sake fasalin laifi da Zaɓin makaranta da kuma hana cin zarafin farar hula.

== Tarihi da bayyani ==
Drew Johnson ne ya kafa TCPR a shekara ta (2004). Johnson ya bar TCPR a ƙarshen shekara ta 2009. Justin Owen ya zama shugaban kasa a watan Agustan shekara ta 2010. 

TCPR ta kiyasta cewa kudin shiga na shekara ta 2008 zai kai kimanin $ 400,000 na shekara, kusan ninki biyu na kudaden shekarar da ta gabata. Karin daga 2007 zuwa 2008 an danganta shi da tallace-tallace daga rahoton 2007 game da amfani da makamashi na Al Gore.[1] Kungiyar ta sami gudummawar $ 481,000 a cikin 2012, tare da gudummawar da ta kai dala miliyan 1.2 a cikin 2013. Cibiyar Beacon tana karɓar kashi 54 cikin 100 na kudinta daga tushe, kashi 43 cikin 100 daga masu ba da gudummawa, kashi 1.5 cikin 100 daga gudummawar kamfanoni da kashi 1.5 cikin dari daga wasu tushe.[2]￼

A watan Satumbar 2011, kungiyar ta ba da sanarwar cewa ta canza sunanta zuwa &quot;Beacon Center of Tennessee&quot;. A cikin saƙo ga magoya baya, shugaban kasar Justin Owen ya nuna cewa sabon sunan zai wakilci sabon aikin kungiyar, &quot;don haskaka hanyar samun 'yanci da wadata&quot; a jihar.

Cibiyar Beacon memba ce ta Cibiyar Manufofin Jiha (SPN), cibiyar sadarwa ta Amurka ta takamaiman tankuna masu tunani na kasuwa kyauta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=About » State Policy Network |url=http://www.spn.org/about/page/background |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405044025/https://www.spn.org/about/page/background |archive-date=2014-04-05 |access-date=2014-04-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; SPN tana ba da kuɗi, horo da sauran tallafi ga ƙungiyoyin membobinta.

== Ayyuka da matsayi ==
Cibiyar Beacon tana tallata ra'ayoyinta ta hanyar wallafe-wallafe, sakonnin manema labarai, tambayoyin kafofin watsa labarai, da ginshiƙan baƙi. Littattafansa sun haɗa da &quot;Tennessee Pork Report&quot; na shekara-shekara (wanda aka buga tare da Citizens Against Government Waste)  da kuma Jagoran 'Yan majalisa' ga Batutuwan.

=== Batutuwan Kuɗi ===
Beacon na tallafawa raguwar kashe kuɗin gwamnati da kuma kawar da ko rage harajin jihar Tennessee da yawa.

Kungiyar ta goyi bayan gyare-gyare ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Tennessee don hana harajin samun kudin shiga na jihar don &quot;kwashewa... ƙoƙarin wuce irin wannan harajin sau ɗaya&quot;.  A cikin 2014, 'yan ƙasa na Tennessee sun jefa kuri'a don gyaran kundin tsarin mulki don hana haraji na samun kudin shiga. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tennessee Income Tax Prohibition, Amendment 3 (2014) - Ballotpedia |url=https://ballotpedia.org/Tennessee_Income_Tax_Prohibition,_Amendment_3_(2014) |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=ballotpedia.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2012, Cibiyar Beacon ta shiga cikin soke Harajin mutuwa Tennessee.

Beacon ya ba da shawarar rage ko kawar da harajin tallace-tallace na Tennessee akan kayan masarufi, sigari, da man fetur.

A cikin 2011, TCPR ta yi tsayayya da wani tsari na tsawaita fa'idodin inshora na rashin aikin yi daga matsakaicin makonni 79 zuwa matsakaicin mako 99.

Cibiyar Beacon da reshen Tennessee na Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama ta Amurka sun yi aiki tare don ƙoƙarin kawo ƙarshen cin zarafin farar hula a Tennessee.

=== Kula da lafiya ===
A watan Janairun 2015, Gwamnan Tennessee Bill Haslam ya kira wani zaman na musamman don fadada Medicaid a Tennessee a karkashin Dokar Kulawa mai araha. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Two more reasons to leave Insure Tennessee in the dust - Watchdog.org |url=http://watchdog.org/228216/two-reasons-leave-insure-tennessee-dust/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310165554/http://watchdog.org/228216/two-reasons-leave-insure-tennessee-dust/ |archive-date=2016-03-10 |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=Watchdog.org |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cibiyar Beacon ta ba da shaida a gaban kwamitocin Majalisar Dattijai da Majalisar Dattilai  kuma ta dauki yabo don kayar da lissafin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Beacon Center grows, helps defeat Insure TN |url=http://www.tennessean.com/story/news/politics/2015/05/22/beacon-center-grows-helps-defeat-insure-tn/27750513/ |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=The Tennessean}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sisk |first=Blake Farmer, Chas |date=4 February 2015 |title=First Vote Kills Insure Tennessee Medicaid Expansion |url=http://nashvillepublicradio.org/post/first-vote-kills-insure-tennessee-medicaid-expansion#stream/0 |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=nashvillepublicradio.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan shan kashi na fadada Medicaid, Cibiyar Beacon ta ba da shawarar kulawa ta farko kai tsaye, shirin da marasa lafiya za su iya guje wa sayen inshorar lafiya da kwangila kai tsaye tare da Likitocin kulawa na farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Justin Owen: Direct Primary Care better than health insurance |url=http://www.knoxnews.com/opinion/columnists/justin-owen-direct-primary-care-better-than-health-insurance-2679e388-8504-1380-e053-0100007f110e-362872461.html |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=www.knoxnews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Bayyanawa ===
A shekara ta 2008, kungiyar ta kai kashi 16 cikin 100 na duk buƙatun rubuce-rubucen budewa ga reshen zartarwa na Tennessee.[1] A wani lokaci, TCPR ta kai karar Ma'aikatar Kudi da Gudanarwa ta jihar kan jinkirin amsawa ga buƙatar buɗe bayanan.[2] A cikin 2008, jami'an jihar sun amsa buƙatar rikodin TCPR don saƙonnin imel daga Ma'aikatar Haraji ta Tennessee ta hanyar gaya wa TCPR cewa dole ne ya biya $ 3,201 don kowace rana ta saƙonnin imel da ya nema.[3]￼

=== Muhalli ===
TCPR tana gudanar da shafin yanar gizon da ake kira &quot;Carnival of Climate Change&quot; wanda ke da shakku game da [[Yarjejeniyar kimiyya game da canjin yanayi]]. TCPR na ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi da mutane da ke yada bayanan rikice-rikice na yanayi, bisa ga rahoton 2009 a cikin mujallar Mother Jones. 

=== Rahoto game da gidan Al Gore ===
A cikin 2007 TCPR ta ba da rahoto da ke tabbatar da cewa gidan Al Gore a yankin Nashville ya yi amfani da fiye da sau 20 na makamashi na gida na yau da kullun a [[Amurka]]. 'Yan jarida da suka biyo baya a kan zargin sun gano cewa gidan Gore ya yi amfani da wutar lantarki fiye da gida na yau da kullun, amma kuma sun gano cewa kusan sau 12 ne na matsakaicin Nashville (sau 20 ba tare da haɗa wutar lantarki daga bangarorin hasken rana a dukiyar ba), sun nuna cewa ginin ya yi aiki a matsayin zama da ofishin kasuwanci ga Al da Tipper Gore, ya fi girma fiye da gidan da gida na al'ada, kuma Gore ya yi ingantaccen ci gaba ga gidan a lokacin 2007 wanda ya rage yawan amfani da wutar.&lt;ref name=&quot;snopes&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Haɗin waje ==
 

* {{Official website}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>q06x72arb20v4a2ejptd0pcubzst4fx</sha1>
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      <id>969801</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
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      <comment>/* Kula da lafiya */</comment>
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'''Cibiyar Beacon ta Tennessee''', wacce ta kasance '''Cibiyar Nazarin Manufofin Tennessee''' ('''TCPR'''), kasuwa ce mai zaman kanta  mai zaman kanta da ke zaune a Nashville, Tennessee. Yankunan bincike na Cibiyar sun hada da haraji da manufofin tattalin arziki, manufofin ilimi, da manufofin kiwon lafiya. Kungiyar memba ce ta Cibiyar Siyasa ta Jiha. 

TCPR ta goyi bayan soke harajin dukiya Tennessee kuma ta ba da shawara don sake fasalin laifi da Zaɓin makaranta da kuma hana cin zarafin farar hula.

== Tarihi da bayyani ==
Drew Johnson ne ya kafa TCPR a shekara ta (2004). Johnson ya bar TCPR a ƙarshen shekara ta 2009. Justin Owen ya zama shugaban kasa a watan Agustan shekara ta 2010. 

TCPR ta kiyasta cewa kudin shiga na shekara ta 2008 zai kai kimanin $ 400,000 na shekara, kusan ninki biyu na kudaden shekarar da ta gabata. Karin daga 2007 zuwa 2008 an danganta shi da tallace-tallace daga rahoton 2007 game da amfani da makamashi na Al Gore.[1] Kungiyar ta sami gudummawar $ 481,000 a cikin 2012, tare da gudummawar da ta kai dala miliyan 1.2 a cikin 2013. Cibiyar Beacon tana karɓar kashi 54 cikin 100 na kudinta daga tushe, kashi 43 cikin 100 daga masu ba da gudummawa, kashi 1.5 cikin 100 daga gudummawar kamfanoni da kashi 1.5 cikin dari daga wasu tushe.[2]￼

A watan Satumbar 2011, kungiyar ta ba da sanarwar cewa ta canza sunanta zuwa &quot;Beacon Center of Tennessee&quot;. A cikin saƙo ga magoya baya, shugaban kasar Justin Owen ya nuna cewa sabon sunan zai wakilci sabon aikin kungiyar, &quot;don haskaka hanyar samun 'yanci da wadata&quot; a jihar.

Cibiyar Beacon memba ce ta Cibiyar Manufofin Jiha (SPN), cibiyar sadarwa ta Amurka ta takamaiman tankuna masu tunani na kasuwa kyauta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=About » State Policy Network |url=http://www.spn.org/about/page/background |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405044025/https://www.spn.org/about/page/background |archive-date=2014-04-05 |access-date=2014-04-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; SPN tana ba da kuɗi, horo da sauran tallafi ga ƙungiyoyin membobinta.

== Ayyuka da matsayi ==
Cibiyar Beacon tana tallata ra'ayoyinta ta hanyar wallafe-wallafe, sakonnin manema labarai, tambayoyin kafofin watsa labarai, da ginshiƙan baƙi. Littattafansa sun haɗa da &quot;Tennessee Pork Report&quot; na shekara-shekara (wanda aka buga tare da Citizens Against Government Waste)  da kuma Jagoran 'Yan majalisa' ga Batutuwan.

=== Batutuwan Kuɗi ===
Beacon na tallafawa raguwar kashe kuɗin gwamnati da kuma kawar da ko rage harajin jihar Tennessee da yawa.

Kungiyar ta goyi bayan gyare-gyare ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Tennessee don hana harajin samun kudin shiga na jihar don &quot;kwashewa... ƙoƙarin wuce irin wannan harajin sau ɗaya&quot;.  A cikin 2014, 'yan ƙasa na Tennessee sun jefa kuri'a don gyaran kundin tsarin mulki don hana haraji na samun kudin shiga. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tennessee Income Tax Prohibition, Amendment 3 (2014) - Ballotpedia |url=https://ballotpedia.org/Tennessee_Income_Tax_Prohibition,_Amendment_3_(2014) |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=ballotpedia.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2012, Cibiyar Beacon ta shiga cikin soke Harajin mutuwa Tennessee.

Beacon ya ba da shawarar rage ko kawar da harajin tallace-tallace na Tennessee akan kayan masarufi, sigari, da man fetur.

A cikin 2011, TCPR ta yi tsayayya da wani tsari na tsawaita fa'idodin inshora na rashin aikin yi daga matsakaicin makonni 79 zuwa matsakaicin mako 99.

Cibiyar Beacon da reshen Tennessee na Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama ta Amurka sun yi aiki tare don ƙoƙarin kawo ƙarshen cin zarafin farar hula a Tennessee.

=== Kula da lafiya ===
A watan Janairu a shekara ta 2015, Gwamnan Tennessee Bill Haslam ya kira wani zaman na musamman don fadada Medicaid a Tennessee a karkashin Dokar Kulawa mai araha. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Two more reasons to leave Insure Tennessee in the dust - Watchdog.org |url=http://watchdog.org/228216/two-reasons-leave-insure-tennessee-dust/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310165554/http://watchdog.org/228216/two-reasons-leave-insure-tennessee-dust/ |archive-date=2016-03-10 |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=Watchdog.org |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cibiyar Beacon ta ba da shaida a gaban kwamitocin Majalisar Dattijai da Majalisar Dattilai  kuma ta dauki yabo don kayar da lissafin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Beacon Center grows, helps defeat Insure TN |url=http://www.tennessean.com/story/news/politics/2015/05/22/beacon-center-grows-helps-defeat-insure-tn/27750513/ |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=The Tennessean}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sisk |first=Blake Farmer, Chas |date=4 February 2015 |title=First Vote Kills Insure Tennessee Medicaid Expansion |url=http://nashvillepublicradio.org/post/first-vote-kills-insure-tennessee-medicaid-expansion#stream/0 |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=nashvillepublicradio.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan shan kashi na fadada Medicaid, Cibiyar Beacon ta ba da shawarar kulawa ta farko kai tsaye, shirin da marasa lafiya za su iya guje wa sayen inshorar lafiya da kwangila kai tsaye tare da Likitocin kulawa na farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Justin Owen: Direct Primary Care better than health insurance |url=http://www.knoxnews.com/opinion/columnists/justin-owen-direct-primary-care-better-than-health-insurance-2679e388-8504-1380-e053-0100007f110e-362872461.html |access-date=2016-03-04 |website=www.knoxnews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Bayyanawa ===
A shekara ta 2008, kungiyar ta kai kashi 16 cikin 100 na duk buƙatun rubuce-rubucen budewa ga reshen zartarwa na Tennessee.[1] A wani lokaci, TCPR ta kai karar Ma'aikatar Kudi da Gudanarwa ta jihar kan jinkirin amsawa ga buƙatar buɗe bayanan.[2] A cikin 2008, jami'an jihar sun amsa buƙatar rikodin TCPR don saƙonnin imel daga Ma'aikatar Haraji ta Tennessee ta hanyar gaya wa TCPR cewa dole ne ya biya $ 3,201 don kowace rana ta saƙonnin imel da ya nema.[3]￼

=== Muhalli ===
TCPR tana gudanar da shafin yanar gizon da ake kira &quot;Carnival of Climate Change&quot; wanda ke da shakku game da [[Yarjejeniyar kimiyya game da canjin yanayi]]. TCPR na ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi da mutane da ke yada bayanan rikice-rikice na yanayi, bisa ga rahoton 2009 a cikin mujallar Mother Jones. 

=== Rahoto game da gidan Al Gore ===
A cikin 2007 TCPR ta ba da rahoto da ke tabbatar da cewa gidan Al Gore a yankin Nashville ya yi amfani da fiye da sau 20 na makamashi na gida na yau da kullun a [[Amurka]]. 'Yan jarida da suka biyo baya a kan zargin sun gano cewa gidan Gore ya yi amfani da wutar lantarki fiye da gida na yau da kullun, amma kuma sun gano cewa kusan sau 12 ne na matsakaicin Nashville (sau 20 ba tare da haɗa wutar lantarki daga bangarorin hasken rana a dukiyar ba), sun nuna cewa ginin ya yi aiki a matsayin zama da ofishin kasuwanci ga Al da Tipper Gore, ya fi girma fiye da gidan da gida na al'ada, kuma Gore ya yi ingantaccen ci gaba ga gidan a lokacin 2007 wanda ya rage yawan amfani da wutar.&lt;ref name=&quot;snopes&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Haɗin waje ==
 

* {{Official website}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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'''Archie Galbraith Cameron''' (22 Maris 1895 - 9 Agusta 1956) ɗan siyasan Australiya ne. Ya kasance ministan gwamnati a karkashin Joseph Lyons da [[Robert Menzies]], shugaban jam'iyyar Country Party daga 1939 zuwa 1940, kuma a ƙarshe Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai daga 1950 har zuwa mutuwarsa.

An haifi Cameron a Happy Valley, Kudancin Australia . Bayan ya yi aiki a yakin duniya na, ya fara gona kusa da Loxton a matsayin soja. An zabe shi a Majalisar Dokokin Kudancin Australia a 1927, kuma a Majalisar Wakilai a Zaben tarayya na 1934. Cameron ya kasance Janar-Janar a Gwamnatin Lyons daga 1938 zuwa 1939. Ya maye gurbin Earle Page a matsayin shugaban Jam'iyyar Country a watan Satumbar 1939, kuma a watan Maris na shekara ta 1940 ya jagoranci jam'iyyar zuwa hadin gwiwa tare da Jam'iyyar United Australia (UAP), wanda Page ya rabu da shi. Cameron ya kasance mataimakin Firayim Minista a karkashin Menzies, da kuma Ministan Kasuwanci da Ministan Sojan Ruwa. Koyaya, an tsige shi a matsayin shugaban Jam'iyyar Kasar a watan Oktoba 1940, daga baya ya sauya sheka zuwa UAP (kuma daga baya ya shiga sabuwar Jam'iyyar Liberal). Naɗin karshe na Cameron shine a matsayin Kakakin, inda aka girmama shi sosai. An san shi a duk lokacin da yake aiki a siyasa saboda halin da yake ciki da kuma halin da yake da shi.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Cameron a ranar 22 ga Maris 1895 a Happy Valley, Kudancin Australia, ɗan Mary Ann (née McDonald) da John Cameron. Iyayensa duka baƙi ne daga Scotland.

Cameron ta halarci makarantar jihar a Nairne har zuwa shekara goma sha biyu. Bayan ya bar makaranta ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaci, gami da gonar mahaifinsa kusa da Loxton. Ya shiga cikin Sojojin Daular Australiya (AIF) a watan Afrilu 1916,  a matsayin mai zaman kansa a cikin 27th Battalion . Daga baya aka nada shi a matsayin jami'in warrant kuma ya rike mukamin wucin gadi na sakatare na kwamitin mulki, yana aiki a Yammacin Gabas a Faransa da Belgium. Ganin da ya yi da iskar gas mai guba a lokacin yakin ya haifar masa da matsalolin zuciya da huhu a rayuwarsa ta baya.

== Siyasa ta Jiha ==
Cameron ya yi aiki a Majalisar Gundumar Loxton daga 1920 zuwa 1927.  Wani memba na farko na Jam'iyyar Country, ya tsaya a matsayin kujerar Majalisar Dokokin Kudancin Australia ta Wooroora a zaben jihar 1924. &lt;ref name=&quot;bio&quot; /&gt; Ya sake tsayawa takararsa a Wooroora a Zaben jihar na 1927 kuma an zabe shi.

An zabi Cameron a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar Country Party a shekarar 1928. Kafin Zaben tarayya na 1931 ya shiga Aiki kafa Kwamitin Gaggawa na Kudancin Australia a matsayin jam'iyyar adawa da Labour. A shekara ta 1932 ya jagoranci jam'iyyarsa zuwa hadewa da Tarayyar Liberal don kafa Liberal da Country League . Sharuɗɗan Jam'iyyar Kasar sun kasance masu tsauri; daga cikinsu, Cameron ya nemi canja wurin zuwa siyasar tarayya, kuma yana son wurin zama mai aminci wanda zai yi takara a zaben na gaba. Dangane da haka, Cameron ya yi murabus daga majalisar dokokin jihar a 1934 don yin takara a zaben tarayya na wannan shekarar.[1]

== Shekaru na farko a siyasar tarayya ==
An zabi Cameron a Majalisar Wakilai a Zaben tarayya na 1934, yana tsaye a matsayin dan takarar LCL a kujerar Barker. Ya shiga jam'iyyar Country Party a lokacin zabensa, daidai da ka'idojin LCL wanda ya ba da damar 'yan majalisa na tarayya su zaɓi su zauna tare da ko dai jam'iyyar Count ko Jam'iyyar United Australia Party (UAP).  Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya hau kujerarsa sai ya gabatar da wani yunkuri na fitar da Lang Labor MP Jock Garden daga majalisa saboda tsohuwar ƙungiyar Kwaminisanci, wanda ya haifar da &quot;kusan rikici&quot;.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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'''Archie Galbraith Cameron''' (22 Maris 1895 - 9 Agusta 1956) ɗan siyasan Australiya ne. Ya kasance ministan gwamnati a karkashin Joseph Lyons da [[Robert Menzies]], shugaban jam'iyyar Country Party daga 1939 zuwa 1940, kuma a ƙarshe Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai daga 1950 har zuwa mutuwarsa.

An haifi [[Cameron]] a Happy Valley, Kudancin Australia . Bayan ya yi aiki a yakin duniya na, ya fara gona kusa da Loxton a matsayin soja. An zabe shi a Majalisar Dokokin Kudancin Australia a 1927, kuma a Majalisar Wakilai a Zaben tarayya na 1934. Cameron ya kasance Janar-Janar a Gwamnatin Lyons daga 1938 zuwa 1939. Ya maye gurbin Earle Page a matsayin shugaban Jam'iyyar Country a watan Satumbar 1939, kuma a watan Maris na shekara ta 1940 ya jagoranci jam'iyyar zuwa hadin gwiwa tare da Jam'iyyar United Australia (UAP), wanda Page ya rabu da shi. Cameron ya kasance mataimakin Firayim Minista a karkashin Menzies, da kuma Ministan Kasuwanci da Ministan Sojan Ruwa. Koyaya, an tsige shi a matsayin shugaban Jam'iyyar Kasar a watan Oktoba 1940, daga baya ya sauya sheka zuwa UAP (kuma daga baya ya shiga sabuwar Jam'iyyar Liberal). Naɗin karshe na Cameron shine a matsayin Kakakin, inda aka girmama shi sosai. An san shi a duk lokacin da yake aiki a siyasa saboda halin da yake ciki da kuma halin da yake da shi.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Cameron a ranar 22 ga Maris 1895 a Happy Valley, Kudancin Australia, ɗan Mary Ann (née McDonald) da John Cameron. Iyayensa duka baƙi ne daga Scotland.

Cameron ta halarci makarantar jihar a Nairne har zuwa shekara goma sha biyu. Bayan ya bar makaranta ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaci, gami da gonar mahaifinsa kusa da Loxton. Ya shiga cikin Sojojin Daular Australiya (AIF) a watan Afrilu 1916,  a matsayin mai zaman kansa a cikin 27th Battalion . Daga baya aka nada shi a matsayin jami'in warrant kuma ya rike mukamin wucin gadi na sakatare na kwamitin mulki, yana aiki a Yammacin Gabas a Faransa da Belgium. Ganin da ya yi da iskar gas mai guba a lokacin yakin ya haifar masa da matsalolin zuciya da huhu a rayuwarsa ta baya.

== Siyasa ta Jiha ==
Cameron ya yi aiki a Majalisar Gundumar Loxton daga 1920 zuwa 1927.  Wani memba na farko na Jam'iyyar Country, ya tsaya a matsayin kujerar Majalisar Dokokin Kudancin Australia ta Wooroora a zaben jihar 1924. &lt;ref name=&quot;bio&quot; /&gt; Ya sake tsayawa takararsa a Wooroora a Zaben jihar na 1927 kuma an zabe shi.

An zabi Cameron a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar Country Party a shekarar 1928. Kafin Zaben tarayya na 1931 ya shiga Aiki kafa Kwamitin Gaggawa na Kudancin Australia a matsayin jam'iyyar adawa da Labour. A shekara ta 1932 ya jagoranci jam'iyyarsa zuwa hadewa da Tarayyar Liberal don kafa Liberal da Country League . Sharuɗɗan Jam'iyyar Kasar sun kasance masu tsauri; daga cikinsu, Cameron ya nemi canja wurin zuwa siyasar tarayya, kuma yana son wurin zama mai aminci wanda zai yi takara a zaben na gaba. Dangane da haka, Cameron ya yi murabus daga majalisar dokokin jihar a 1934 don yin takara a zaben tarayya na wannan shekarar.[1]

== Shekaru na farko a siyasar tarayya ==
An zabi Cameron a Majalisar Wakilai a Zaben tarayya na 1934, yana tsaye a matsayin dan takarar LCL a kujerar Barker. Ya shiga jam'iyyar Country Party a lokacin zabensa, daidai da ka'idojin LCL wanda ya ba da damar 'yan majalisa na tarayya su zaɓi su zauna tare da ko dai jam'iyyar Count ko Jam'iyyar United Australia Party (UAP).  Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya hau kujerarsa sai ya gabatar da wani yunkuri na fitar da Lang Labor MP Jock Garden daga majalisa saboda tsohuwar ƙungiyar Kwaminisanci, wanda ya haifar da &quot;kusan rikici&quot;.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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'''Archie Galbraith Cameron''' (22 Maris 1895 - 9 Agusta 1956) ɗan siyasan Australiya ne. Ya kasance ministan gwamnati a karkashin Joseph Lyons da [[Robert Menzies]], shugaban jam'iyyar Country Party daga 1939 zuwa 1940, kuma a ƙarshe Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai daga 1950 har zuwa mutuwarsa.

An haifi Cameron a Happy Valley, Kudancin Australia . Bayan ya yi aiki a yakin duniya na, ya fara gona kusa da Loxton a matsayin soja. An zabe shi a Majalisar Dokokin Kudancin Australia a 1927, kuma a Majalisar Wakilai a Zaben tarayya na 1934. Cameron ya kasance Janar-Janar a Gwamnatin Lyons daga 1938 zuwa 1939. Ya maye gurbin Earle Page a matsayin shugaban Jam'iyyar Country a watan Satumbar 1939, kuma a watan Maris na shekara ta 1940 ya jagoranci jam'iyyar zuwa hadin gwiwa tare da Jam'iyyar United Australia (UAP), wanda Page ya rabu da shi. Cameron ya kasance mataimakin Firayim Minista a karkashin Menzies, da kuma Ministan Kasuwanci da Ministan Sojan Ruwa. Koyaya, an tsige shi a matsayin shugaban Jam'iyyar Kasar a watan Oktoba 1940, daga baya ya sauya sheka zuwa UAP (kuma daga baya ya shiga sabuwar Jam'iyyar Liberal). Naɗin karshe na Cameron shine a matsayin Kakakin, inda aka girmama shi sosai. An san shi a duk lokacin da yake aiki a siyasa saboda halin da yake ciki da kuma halin da yake da shi.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Cameron a ranar 22 ga Maris 1895 a Happy Valley, Kudancin Australia, ɗan Mary Ann (née McDonald) da John Cameron. Iyayensa duka baƙi ne daga Scotland.

Cameron ta halarci makarantar jihar a Nairne har zuwa shekara goma sha biyu. Bayan ya bar makaranta ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikaci, gami da gonar mahaifinsa kusa da Loxton. Ya shiga cikin Sojojin Daular Australiya (AIF) a watan Afrilu 1916,  a matsayin mai zaman kansa a cikin 27th Battalion . Daga baya aka nada shi a matsayin jami'in warrant kuma ya rike mukamin wucin gadi na sakatare na kwamitin mulki, yana aiki a Yammacin Gabas a Faransa da Belgium. Ganin da ya yi da iskar gas mai guba a lokacin yakin ya haifar masa da matsalolin zuciya da huhu a rayuwarsa ta baya.

== Siyasa ta Jiha ==
Cameron ya yi aiki a Majalisar Gundumar Loxton daga 1920 zuwa 1927.  Wani memba na farko na Jam'iyyar Country, ya tsaya a matsayin kujerar Majalisar Dokokin Kudancin Australia ta Wooroora a zaben jihar 1924. &lt;ref name=&quot;bio&quot; /&gt; Ya sake tsayawa takararsa a Wooroora a Zaben jihar na 1927 kuma an zabe shi.

An zabi Cameron a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar Country Party a shekarar 1928. Kafin Zaben tarayya na 1931 ya shiga Aiki kafa Kwamitin Gaggawa na Kudancin Australia a matsayin jam'iyyar adawa da Labour. A shekara ta 1932 ya jagoranci jam'iyyarsa zuwa hadewa da Tarayyar Liberal don kafa Liberal da Country League . Sharuɗɗan Jam'iyyar Kasar sun kasance masu tsauri; daga cikinsu, Cameron ya nemi canja wurin zuwa siyasar tarayya, kuma yana son wurin zama mai aminci wanda zai yi takara a zaben na gaba. Dangane da haka, Cameron ya yi murabus daga majalisar dokokin jihar a 1934 don yin takara a zaben tarayya na wannan shekarar.[1]

== Shekaru na farko a siyasar tarayya ==
An zabi Cameron a Majalisar Wakilai a Zaben tarayya na 1934, yana tsaye a matsayin dan takarar LCL a kujerar Barker. Ya shiga jam'iyyar Country Party a lokacin zabensa, daidai da ka'idojin LCL wanda ya ba da damar 'yan majalisa na tarayya su zaɓi su zauna tare da ko dai jam'iyyar Count ko Jam'iyyar United Australia Party (UAP).  Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya hau kujerarsa sai ya gabatar da wani yunkuri na fitar da Lang Labor MP Jock Garden daga majalisa saboda tsohuwar ƙungiyar Kwaminisanci, wanda ya haifar da &quot;kusan rikici&quot;.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Deborah Rabinowitz</title>
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'''Deborah Rabinowitz''' (Satumba 9, 1947 - Agusta 18, 1987) ƙwararriyar masaniyar muhalli ce wadda ta ƙirƙiro ma'anoni bakwai na rashin ƙarfi a fannin ilimin halittu na tsirrai ,. &lt;ref name=&quot;memoriam&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Deborah Rabinowitz |url=https://ecommons.library.cornell.edu/bitstream/1813/19292/2/Rabinowitz_Deborah_1987.pdf |access-date=2014-12-14 |publisher=Cornell University |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304194959/http://ecommons.library.cornell.edu/bitstream/1813/19292/2/Rabinowitz_Deborah_1987.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ta kasance farfesa a Sashen Ilimin Halittu da Tsarin Halittu a [[Cornell|Jami'ar Cornell]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;article&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Simberloff |first=Daniel |year=1988 |title=Deborah Rabinowitz: In Memoriam |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_conservation-biology_1988-03_2_1/page/119 |journal=Conservation Biology |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=119–120 |bibcode=1988ConBi...2..119S |doi=10.1111/j.1523-1739.1988.tb00341.x}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Rabinowitz kuma ta girma a Willimantic, Connecticut, ga Louis da Margaret Rabinowitz. Ta halarci makarantun gwamnati kuma daga baya ta sami digirin farko a fannin ilmin halitta daga New College of Florida da ke Sarasota . A shekarar 1975, ta sami digirin digirgir a fannin ilmin halittar al'umma daga Jami'ar Chicago . [1]

Takardar karatun digirinta a Jami'ar Chicago ta mayar da hankali kan bishiyoyin mangrove. Sha'awarta ga yanayin halittu na mangrove da kuma yankinsu ya fara ne a lokacin da take karatun digiri na farko a Kwalejin New. Littattafai da aka yi a baya da kuma hasashe kan dalilin da yasa ake raba yankunan dausayin mangrove sun fi duba bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin yanayin yanayi tare da yanayin ruwa tsakanin nau'ikan halittu. Rabinowitz ya shuka kowace nau'in mangrove na Panama kuma ya gano cewa dukkan nau'in sun tsira a duk yankunan. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da tantance ko ainihin matsalar tana tattare da warwatsewa . Ruwan zai warwatse iri ta hanyar bambance-bambancen girma da nauyi. Manyan iri za su yi ta zurfafa a cikin ƙasa, yayin da ƙananan iri za su yi ta zuwa ƙasa. Ta sami alaƙa mai ƙarfi tsakanin girman iri da yankunan yankuna da dama. Ta ci gaba da nazarin yanayin halittu na mangrove, tana canza fahimtarmu zuwa yadda take a yau.  &lt;ref name=&quot;article&quot;/&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1987]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1947]]</text>
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    <title>Darul Uloom Al-Madania</title>
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'''Darul Uloom Al-Madania''' [[Makarantar Islamiyya|madrasa]] ne mai zaman kansa na Islama a Buffalo, New York kuma mafi girma Deobandi madrasa a Arewacin Amurka, &lt;ref name=&quot;:oxbib&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tareen |first=Sher Ali |date=2014 |title=Deoband Madrasa |url=https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0019.xml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028230255/https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0019.xml |archive-date=28 October 2022 |access-date=9 November 2023 |website=[[Oxford Bibliographies Online]] |doi=10.1093/OBO/9780195390155-0019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wanda aka sadaukar don samar da malaman Islama ([[Ulama'u|ulama]]) da [[Hafizi|huffaz]] tare da karatun ilimi har zuwa makarantar sakandare. Yana daya daga cikin tsofaffin cibiyoyin a Arewacin Amurka don bayar da tsarin karatun gargajiya na Deobandi dars-e-nizami.

Muhammad Ismail Memon ne ya kafa shi (ya mutu 2023) kuma 'ya'yansa maza Mansoor Memon, Ibrahim Memon, da Husain Ahmad Memon ne ke gudanar da shi. Masood Memon Makki, ɗan fari na wanda ya kafa makarantar, yana aiki a matsayin shugaban yanzu. Dukkanin wanda ya kafa da shugaban yanzu sun kasance dalibai na sanannen masanin [[Hadisi]] na karni na 20 Zakariyya Kandhlawi .

== Tarihi ==
Darul Uloom Al-Madania an kafa ta ne ta hanyar Dokta Ismail Memon . Binciken ginin da ya dace wanda zai yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikata ya fara ne a 1986, lokacin da Ismail Memon da Shaikh Ibrahim ke zaune a Waterloo, Kanada. A shekara ta 1989, biyun sun shirya sayen dukiya a Dunkirk, New York, sai kawai a ƙi shi. Shekara guda bayan haka a cikin 1990, sun sake shirya sayen dukiya a kan Dodge Street a Buffalo, New York. An sake ki amincewa da wannan sayarwa. A ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1991, an sami dukiya a kan hanyar North Davis a Gabashin Aurora, New York. Koyaya, an sami izini ne kawai don saukar da mutane 18. A shekara ta 1992, an sanya hannu kan kwangila don dukiya a Hamburg, New York. Koyaya, an soke sayarwa saboda adawa ta cikin gida. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, an sami wani dukiya a titin Sycamore a cikin garin Buffalo, sai kawai masu sayarwa suka soke sayarwa.

A shekara ta 1993, Uwar  Tsarki na Rosary Cathedral na Cocin Katolika na Poland, ta koma Lancaster kuma an sayi ta kuma ta zama [[Masallaci]] da makarantar kwana. A ranar 3 ga watan Maris, an sayi cocin da ke gefen sabuwar ''Masjid Zakariya'', Sarauniyar Rosary mafi tsarki, kuma an canza shi zuwa makarantar mata. A shekara ta 1996, an sake samun dukiyar asali a kan titin Sycamore kuma a wannan lokacin sayen ya cika. Sabon ginin ya zama Jamia, ko makarantar kwana ta yara maza. Ginin asali da aka saya don makarantar kwana sannan ya zama makarantar karatun Darul Khalil. A shekara ta 2002, an sayi wani makirci na 6 acre (24,000 m2), wanda aka yi amfani da shi a matsayin [[Cibiyar tsare matasa]], kuma an tura Jamiah zuwa can.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History |url=http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928061557/http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |archive-date=2010-09-28 |access-date=2010-09-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Makarantu ==
Darul Uloom Madania tana da makarantu daban-daban guda uku: Madinatul Uloum, Darul Rasheed, da Darul Khalil Academy, makarantar masu zaman kansu ta K-8, wacce Jihar New York ta amince da ita. Bugu da kari akwai darasi na ilmantarwa na nesa a kan layi da ake kira eAlim, wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2010.

=== Makarantar Yara (Madinatul Uloom) ===
Kwalejin Darul-Uloom Al-Madania Boys ta rufe yanki na kimanin kadada shida wanda ya kunshi gine-gine goma sha shida tare da ɗaruruwan ɗakunan kwana. Kowane ɗaki yana da gadaje. Makarantar tana ba da digiri uku na Islama ga maza:

* Ilimi na yau da kullun: Ga yara maza masu shekaru tara da haihuwa, akwai ilimin ilimi na cikin gida har zuwa aji na goma sha ɗaya. Wannan darasi yana gudana a lokaci guda tare da ɗayan shirye-shiryen addini masu zuwa:
* Shirin Hifz: Shirin kusan shekaru uku don cikakken haddace [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]], tare da tsarin karatun da aka amince da shi na Jihar New York don karatun duniya daga aji na huɗu zuwa na goma. Bayan kammala shirin, ɗalibai suna karɓar takardar shaidar [[Hafizi|Hafiz]] Al-Qur'an.
* Alim Course: Shekaru shida, zurfin nazarin [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]], [[Tafsiri|Tafseer]], [[Hadisi]], [[Fiƙihu|Fiqh]], Harshen [[Larabci]], da Tajweed. Karshen wannan darasi yana haifar da takardar shaidar ilimin Islama.

Kwalejin yara sun hada da dakin motsa jiki na cikin gida, filin kwallon kafa / kwallon kafa na waje, cikakken kayan abinci da cafeteria, filin da gazebo, kantin sayar da littattafai na makaranta, da kuma gonar inabi.

=== Makarantar 'yan mata (Darul Rasheed) ===
Kwalejin Darul-Uloom Al-Madania Girls ta rufe kusan acre ɗaya na ƙasar da aka raba daga makarantar yara maza kuma tana kan wata titi. Babban ginin zama, Darul-Rasheed, yana da gidaje fiye da dalibai 100. Akwai digiri biyu da ake bayarwa ga mata.

* Ilimi na yau da kullun: Akwai ilimin ilimi na cikin gida har zuwa aji na goma. Wannan yana gudana a lokaci guda tare da babban hanyar Alimah.
* Shirin Alimah: Shekaru shida, zurfin nazarin [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]], [[Tafsiri|Tafseer]], [[Hadisi]], [[Fiƙihu|Fiqh]] da Tajweed wanda ke haifar da takardar shaidar ilimin Islama.

Cibiyar ta mata ta haɗa da zauren cikin gida, cikakken kayan abinci da wurin cin abinci, dakin motsa jiki, filin shakatawa na waje, da kuma zauren shiga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History |url=http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928061557/http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |archive-date=2010-09-28 |access-date=2010-09-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Darul Rasheed yana cikin tsohuwar Sarauniya ta Mafi Tsarki Rosary Roman Catholic Church, wanda aka gina a 1916 kuma Roman Catholic Diocese na Buffalo ya rufe shi a 1993.

=== Makarantar Rana (Darul Uloom Academy) ===
Darul-Uloom Academy ita ce kari na baya-bayan nan ga Darul Uloom Madania, wanda aka kafa a 1999. Makarantar masu zaman kansu ce ta New York Board da aka tabbatar da ita kafin K-5. Kamar yawancin makarantun Islama masu zaman kansu, ana koyar da ɗalibai haɗuwa da malamai, da kayan addini. An haɗa su a cikin tsarin karatun lissafi, Turanci, nazarin zamantakewa, kimiyya da Larabci, [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]], da [[Hadisi]]. Ana kuma ba wa ɗalibai ayyuka iri-iri ciki har da zane-zane da sana'o'i, ilimin jiki, da tafiye-tafiye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History |url=http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928061557/http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |archive-date=2010-09-28 |access-date=2010-09-01}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shirin yana da kimanin dalibai 250.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History |url=http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928061557/http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |archive-date=2010-09-28 |access-date=2010-09-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Masjid Zakariya ===
Masjid Zakariya shine babban zauren addu'a na seminary kuma yana buɗewa ga jama'a. Yana tallafawa minarets guda biyu da aka yi ado da crescents biyu. Wadannan crescents suna da kimanin 160 ft sama da ƙasa kuma kusan 6 feet ne a tsawon. Masallacin yana da murabba'in ƙafa 20,000 tare da ɓangaren balcony daban don mata.&amp;nbsp;

Da yake bin ka'idodin Islama, masallacin yana da addu'o'i 5 na yau da kullun da addu'ar Jum'ah na mako-mako. Kowace rana akwai halaqas 2-3, inda karatun daga littattafan Islama daban-daban ke faruwa. A lokacin Ramadan, masallacin yana kuma shirya abincin [[Iftar (Budar Baki)|Iftar]] da [[Sahur|Suhoor]] na yau da kullun ga waɗanda ke azumi. Har ila yau, yana buɗe fuka-fukan hagu ga matafiya don itikaf. Babu wani [[Liman|Imam]] da aka nada na masallacin, a maimakon haka, malaman mazauna da malamai daban-daban suna jagorantar addu'o'in.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History |url=http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928061557/http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |archive-date=2010-09-28 |access-date=2010-09-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An gina Masjid Zakariya a cikin 1904 a matsayin Uwar Mai Tsarki na Rosary Polish National Catholic Cathedral, kuma alama ce ta gari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History |url=http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928061557/http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |archive-date=2010-09-28 |access-date=2010-09-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Lalacewar ====
A ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 2001, gobarar da aka haifar da fitilar mai famfo ta mamaye ginin, wanda ake ginawa. Duk da kokarin kusan masu kashe gobara 80, rufin ya rushe. Ya ɗauki kusan shekaru uku don tara dala miliyan 1 da ake buƙata don gyara ginin. Masallacin ya kuma ba da gidan budewa a lokaci guda don nuna kansa ga al'umma. Sabuntawa sun haɗa da ƙara ginshiki da raba babban zauren zuwa sassa uku. Da farko an gina ginin da tsaunuka biyu masu tsawo, waɗanda aka cire a cikin 2008 bayan guguwa mai ƙarfi ta lalata su. An maye gurbinsu da dome biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History |url=http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928061557/http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |archive-date=2010-09-28 |access-date=2010-09-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bikin Jalsa ==
Kowace shekara, Darul Uloom Al Madania tana gudanar da bikin kammala karatun Jalsa ga duk masu karatun huffaz da ulama (mata). Ana gudanar da bikin ne a watan Yuni kuma yana faruwa ne bayan addu'ar [[Sallah Azzahar|Dhuhr]] kuma yana ci gaba har sai faɗuwar rana. A lokacin bikin, ana gabatar da sabon huffaz tare da fararen turban da aka sanya a kan kawunansu, yayin da aka gabatar da 'yan mata da fararen shawl.

== eAlim (Tsarin Koyon Tsakanin) ==
Darul Uloom Al Madania ya ƙaddamar da Shari'a ilmantarwa mai nisa da ake kira eAlim a tsakiyar shekara ta 2010. Kamar darasi na Alim, shirin ne wanda aka tsara don daidaita ɗalibin da Larabci da Alkur'ani. Batutuwan da aka koyar sun haɗa da harshen Larabci, haɗin kai, da kuma yanayin, [[Fiƙihu|Fiqh]] (Jurisprudence na Islama), [[Hadisi]], Uloom al-Hadith (Sciences of Hadith), Aqidah (Theology na Islama) da Seerah (Biography of the Prophet [[Muhammad|Muhammadu]]). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History |url=http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928061557/http://www.madania.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=15&amp;Itemid=37 |archive-date=2010-09-28 |access-date=2010-09-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Laifin jima'i da cin hanci da rashawa ==

=== Cin zarafin jiki ===
Dalibai da suka shiga makarantar a cikin shekarun 1990 sun yi zargin mummunan duka da 'ya'ya maza biyu na Dokta Ismail Memon wadanda su ma malamai ne a makarantar, Ibrahim da Mansoor, tare da kayan kantin kayan aiki daban-daban. Wadannan duka sun kasance kusan yau da kullun kuma sun haɗa da abubuwa kamar igiyoyin tsawo, bututu mai ƙarfi, hangers, da sandunan katako.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK |first=COUNTY OF ERIE |date=2021-09-08 |title=MOHAMMED KHAN, Plaintiff, -against DARUL-ULOOM AL-MADANIA, INC. AND JOHN DOES 1-5 |url=https://iapps.courts.state.ny.us/nyscef/ViewDocument?docIndex=ZBDi0OMy6PiLOnm4AWN3bQ==}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani tsohon dalibi ya yi zargin cewa yana da alaƙa da azabtarwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Dalibai sun ba da rahoton cewa an bar su da jini da rauni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Wani tsohon dalibi ya yi zargin cewa wani mai kula da shi ya buge shi a kirji bayan ya saba laifi. Mansoor Memon ya buge shi da sandar hockey bayan wannan dalibi ya koka.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Jay Tokasz News Staff |date=2021-05-24 |title=Buffalo Islamic school accused in lawsuit of not preventing sexual abuse of student |url=https://buffalonews.com/news/local/crime-courts/buffalo-islamic-school-accused-in-lawsuit-of-not-preventing-sexual-abuse-of-student/article_532d19a4-ba74-11eb-97bd-6bc8912eb4cf.html |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=Buffalo News |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250720020117/https://buffalonews.com/news/local/crime-courts/buffalo-islamic-school-accused-in-lawsuit-of-not-preventing-sexual-abuse-of-student/article_532d19a4-ba74-11eb-97bd-6bc8912eb4cf.html |archive-date=2025-07-20 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK |first=COUNTY OF ERIE |date=2021-05-19 |title=ABDULLAH ISLAMOVIC, Plaintiff, -against DARUL-ULOOM AL-MADANIA, INC. AND JOHN DOES 1-5 |url=https://iapps.courts.state.ny.us/nyscef/ViewDocument?docIndex=koM1MYteYGww3KhYGhZycA==}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wata tsohuwar daliba ta yi zargin cewa shugaban ɗakin kwana na mata, Shehnaz Patel, ya yi watsi da ɗalibar lokacin da ta yi rashin lafiya sosai. Bayan ta koka wa likitan mai kula, Patel ta yi wa ɗalibin hari kuma za ta ci gaba da cin zarafin ɗalibin a gaban wasu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK |first=ERIE COUNTY |date=2021-08-13 |title=JANE DOE Plaintiff, v. DARUL-ULOOM AL-MADANIA, INC., as Owners and Operators of DARULULOOM AL-MADANIA INSTITUTE OF HIGHER ISLAMIC LEARNING; SHENAZ PATEL; JOHN DOES 1-5, JANE DOES 1-5, and/or DOE CORPORATION 1-5, Defendant. |url=https://iapps.courts.state.ny.us/nyscef/ViewDocument?docIndex=73UEXc1XYdMVLsFXG8pWRA==}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani tsohon dalibi ya yi zargin cewa bai bayar da rahoton cin zarafin Dr. Ismail Memon ba saboda mummunar cin zarafin da 'ya'yan Dr. Ismail suka yi wa ɗalibai a makarantar.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK |first=COUNTY OF ERIE |date=2021-08-10 |title=JOHN DOE, Plaintiff, -against- DARUL-ULOOM AL-MADANIA, INC., ISMAIL MEMON AND JOHN DOES 1-5, Defendants |url=https://iapps.courts.state.ny.us/nyscef/ViewDocument?docIndex=v3uEY15BCyuB90pRiHMwug==}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cin zarafin jima'i ===

==== Ibrahim Memon 2007 jima'i scandal ====
Ibrahim, mai shekaru 40 da haihuwa, mahaifin yara bakwai, ya shawo kan daya daga cikin daliban mata a makarantar Sajida Khan, mai shekaru 21, don auren shi a asirce don jima'i.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sommer |first=Mark |date=2008-08-27 |title=Islamic principal ousted over sex allegations He may have taken student as second wife |url=https://buffalonews.com/news/islamic-principal-ousted-over-sex-allegations-he-may-have-taken-student-as-second-wife/article_845b61ee-4beb-5d46-989f-f2ea70cb1f93.html |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=Buffalo News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saboda tsananin rarrabewar jinsi da makarantar ta ba da umarni, Ibrahim ya miƙa mata a asirce a lokacin shekarar da ta gabata a makarantar a cikin wani ginshiki da aka kulle. Ya shirya ya sadu da ita a asirce a Buffalo da Virginia, inda Ibrahim ya biya ta ɗaki na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Ibrahim ya musanta cewa sun taba yin aure.

An kuma zarge shi da kiyaye irin wannan dangantaka da wani tsohon ɗalibansa, wanda ya yi zargin cewa ya shirya ta. Ibrahim ya auri ta a asirce, kodayake yanzu ta yi imanin cewa auren bai taɓa faruwa ba. Lokacin da ta gaya wa mahaifinta, sai ya cire ta daga makaranta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;

An tilasta wa Ibrahim barin mukaminsa na akalla shekaru bakwai. An kuma ba shi umarni kada ya koyar da ɗaliban mata a cikin al'umma.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sheriff |first=Umer M. |date=2021-11-10 |title=The Case For The North American Muslim Community To Divest From Darul Uloom Al Madania And Darul Uloom Canada |url=https://muslimmatters.org/2021/11/10/the-case-for-the-north-american-muslim-community-to-divest-from-darul-uloom-al-madania-and-darul-uloom-canada/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=MuslimMatters.org |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga ƙarshe ya kauce wa wannan haramcin kuma ya fara koyar da ɗaliban mata a kan layi. Zai auri wata daga cikin ɗalibansa mata, Asmaa Naviwala, wanda ake zargin ya yi wa alkawarin ƙarya. Naviwala daga ƙarshe ya sake shi. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

==== Dokar Shari'a ta Yara da aka azabtar 2021 ====
An gabatar da jerin karar da aka shigar a kan makarantar, gami da Dokta Ismail Memon, a cikin 2021 a karkashin Dokar Kula da Yara ta New York da ke zargin cin zarafin jima'i mai yawa a makarantar ta bangarori da yawa. Dokta Ismail ya mutu a shekarar 2023.

Wani tsohon dalibi, Abdullah Islamovic, wanda ke zaune a Kanada ya shigar da kara a kan Darul-Uloom Madania saboda rashin yin isasshen kare shi daga cin zarafin jima'i a cikin shekarun 1990 da farkon 2000s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;/&gt; Ya yi zargin cewa tsakanin shekaru 11 zuwa 13, wani malami a makarantar ya yi masa fyade, wanda shi ma shugaban ɗakin kwana na yara maza.

Wani tsohon dalibi, Usman Makhdoom, wanda shi ma ke zaune a Kanada, ya shigar da kara kuma ya zargi Dokta Ismail Memon da cin zarafin jima'i da kuma cin zarafinsa a cikin shekarun 1990 lokacin da yake dan shekara 13 zuwa 14. Ya kuma zargi Dokta Ismail da sanin wasu cin zarafin jima'i da ke faruwa a makarantar kuma ba ya yin isasshen don kare dalibai.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK |first=COUNTY OF ERIE |date=2021-08-09 |title=USMAN MAKHDOOM, Plaintiff, -against DARUL-ULOOM AL-MADANIA, INC., ISMAIL MEMON AND JOHN DOES 1-5 |url=https://iapps.courts.state.ny.us/nyscef/ViewDocument?docIndex=_PLUS_tRIj9uCdJFdSP4nVkdEqQ==}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani dalibi, Mohammad Khan, ya zargi Ibrahim Memon, Mansoor Memon, da Dokta Ismail Memon da yin watsi da mummunar cin zarafin jima'i da ya sha a hannun wani dalibi a cikin shekarun 1990, lokacin da yake tsakanin shekaru 10 zuwa 14. Khan ya ba da rahoton fyade ga gwamnati, bayan haka Ibrahim Memon ya yi masa ba'a. Daga karshe aka cire Khan daga makarantar.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;/&gt;

Tsoffin dalibai mata biyu sun yi zargin cewa wata malama ce ta yi musu fyade a makarantar, Shehnaz Patel, a cikin shekarun 1990 da 2000. Dukansu biyu ba su kai shekaru ba lokacin da wannan cin zarafin ya faru. Patel ya sami izini na musamman daga masu gudanar da makaranta don barin daya daga cikin daliban ya yi barci a cikin ɗakin kwana na Patel a makarantar. Sun yi zargin cewa makarantar &quot;ta yarda da / ko rufe&quot; cin zarafin Patel na jima'i kuma mai yiwuwa ta yi wa wasu dalibai hari.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK |first=COUNTY OF ERIE |date=2021-07-22 |title=NIDA MAKHDOOM AND JANE DOE, -against- DARUL-ULOOM AL-MADANIA, INC., SHEHNAZ PATEL AND DOES 1-5 |url=https://iapps.courts.state.ny.us/nyscef/ViewDocument?docIndex=hRVd3Nb0FdwGlQT8moniMQ==}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani tsohon dalibi da ba a san shi ba ya yi zargin cewa Dokta Ismail Memon ya yi masa fyade tun yana da shekaru 12 zuwa 15. Ya ji tsoron yin korafi game da hare-haren da Dr. Ismail ya yi akai-akai saboda mummunan tashin hankali na jiki wanda dan Dr. Ismail, mai yiwuwa Ibrahim ko Mansoor ya haifar.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;/&gt;

Wani tsohon dalibi da ba a san shi ba ya yi zargin cewa Imran Khan, malami kuma shugaban ɗakin kwana na yaron ya yi wa ɗalibin fyade kuma ya yi masa bulala lokacin da yake da shekaru 11 zuwa 12 a cikin shekarun 1990. Dalibin ya yi zargin cewa gwamnatin makarantar ta san game da cin zarafin jima'i.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=STATE OF NEW YORK SUPREME COURT |first=COUNTY OF ERIE |date=2021-12-08 |title=LG 103 DOE, Plaintiff, vs. DARUL-ULOOM AL-MADANIA, INC. 182 Sobieski Street Buffalo, New York 14212 Defendant. |url=https://iapps.courts.state.ny.us/nyscef/ViewDocument?docIndex=cdJm96xsLSb0k4JA62Irlg==}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wata tsohuwar daliba ta yi zargin cewa malami a makarantar, Hafiz Sahib, ta yi mata fyade tun tana 'yar shekara 14. Sahib ya yi mata barazanar kada ta gaya wa kowa. Tsohon ɗalibin ya yi zargin cewa ya ci gaba da cin zarafin ta ta hanyar kiran waya da saƙonni har ma bayan aurenta, ya yi ƙoƙari ya shiga gidan ɗaliban ba tare da izini ba, kuma zai bi ta ko da lokacin da take kasashen waje.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;/&gt;

=== Cin hanci da rashawa ===
Wani tsohon dalibi ya yi zargin cewa abubuwan da iyaye suka ba da gudummawa ga makarantar an tura su zuwa shagon makaranta, inda aka sayar da su ga ɗalibai.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Wani babban malami, wanda ba shi da takardun shige da fice, ana zargin ya yi aiki fiye da yarjejeniyar koyarwarsa. Ibrahim Memon ya yi zargin ya yi ƙoƙari ya yi wa wani dalibi da ake zargi da yin jima'i don ya lalata halin malamin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Darul Uloom
* Darul Uloom Bury
* Darul Uloom London
* Darul Uloom Deoband
* Cibiyar Musulunci ta Al-Rashid

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Joe Vandeleur</title>
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        <username>Salma Raddah</username>
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John Ormsby Evelyn Vandeleur, DSO da Bar (14 Nuwamba 1903 - 4 Agusta 1988), wanda aka fi sani da Joe Vandeleur daga farkon sunansa,[1] jami'in Sojan [[Burtaniya]] ne na Anglo-Irish wanda ya yi aiki a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu.&lt;ref&gt;Biography, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}} 
[[Category:Haifaffun 1903]]
[[Category:Mutuwan 1988]]</text>
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    <title>Béatrice Vialle</title>
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'''Beatrice Vialle''' (an haife ta a ranar 4 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1961 a yankin Bourges) Mai jirgin sama ce ta [[Faransa]], ɗaya daga cikin matukan jirgin sama na Concorde guda biyu da kuma matukan jirgin saman Faransa na farko a cikin jirgin sama mai saurin sauti.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.liberation.fr/portrait/0101393802-tout-concorde Tout Concorde] {{In lang|fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.janinetissot.fdaf.org/jt_vialle.htm Béatrice VIALLE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170926171456/http://www.janinetissot.fdaf.org/jt_vialle.htm |date=2017-09-26 }} {{In lang|fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110315141633/http://www.maviepro.fr/magazine/vie-pro/plus-de-100-femmes-pilotes-au-bourget-ce-week-end Plus de 100 femmes pilotes au Bourget ce week-end] {{In lang|fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://memoireairfrance.canalblog.com/archives/2008/06/12/9550165.html BÉATRICE VIALLE, LA SEULE FEMME QUI A PILOTÉ UN CONCORDE] {{In lang|fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Ta kammala karatu a École nationale de l'aviation civile (jami'ar [[Air France|Jirgin Sama na Faransa]]; mai suna &quot;ɗalibin matukin jirgin sama&quot; 1981), ta fara aikinta a Air Littoral, ta tashi da Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante . Ta kuma koma Air France a shekarar 1985, inda ta tashi da Airbus A320 da Boeing 747 kafin ta cancanci shiga Concorde, a ranar 24 ga Yulin 2000.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.liberation.fr/portrait/0101393802-tout-concorde Tout Concorde] {{In lang|fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ta yi jirgin kasuwanci na farko a ranar 19 ga Nuwamban shekarar 2001 don haka ta zama ɗaya daga cikin matukan jirgi biyu na Concorde (tare da Briton Barbara Harmer) da kuma matukin jirgi na farko na Faransa a cikin jirgin sama mai saurin sauti. (Faransa Jacqueline Auriol ita ce mace ta farko da ta tashi Concorde, amma wannan ya kasance a matsayin matukin jirgi na gwaji.) A cikin duka Vialle ya yi jirage 45 na Paris-New York City da tafiye-tafiye 3 sama da Tekun Atlantika. Bayan karshen jiragenta na Concorde (31 Mayu 2003), ta zama Kyaftin din Boeing 747-400s.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1961]]</text>
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    <title>Louisine Havemeyer</title>
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      <comment>/* Zane-zanen da aka ba wa Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan */ -+Botticelli - Madonna and Child with Two Angels (Met).jpg</comment>
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[[Fayil:Cassatt_Electra_Havemeyer_and_mother.jpg|thumb|300x300px|''Louisine Havemeyer da 'yarta Electra,'' pastel ɗin da aka yi a takarda a shekarar 1895 ta Mary Cassatt . Tarin Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne]]
'''Louisine Waldron Elder Havemeyer''' (28 ga Yuli, 1855 - 6 ga Janairu, 1929) ta kasance mai tattara zane-zane, [[Feminism|mai kare hakkin mata]], kuma mai taimakon jama'a . Baya ga kasancewa mai kula da [[Zanen Ra'ayi|zane-zanen imprisonist]], ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu ba da gudummawa ga [[Zaɓen Mata|ƙungiyar zaɓe]] a Amurka. Mai zane-zanen imprisonist Edgar Degas da mai kare hakkin mata [[Alice Paul]] suna cikin shahararrun waɗanda suka sami goyon bayan wannan mai taimakon jama'a .

== Bayani ==
An haifi '''Louisine Waldron Elder''' a birnin New York a ranar 28 ga Yuli, Shekara ta 1855, ga wani ɗan kasuwa George W. Elder ( A Shekara ta 1831 zuwa 1873) da matarsa, Matilda Adelaide Waldron (1834–1907). Ita ce ta biyu a cikin 'ya'ya huɗu: Anne Eliza Elder, daga baya Mrs. Henry Norcross Munn (1853–1917), Adaline Deliverance Mapes Elder, daga baya Mrs. Samuel Twyford Peters (1859–1943), da ɗan'uwa George Waldron Elder (1860–1916).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Wright|first1=Catharine Morris|title=Lady of the silver skates : the life and correspondence of Mary Mapes Dodge, 1830-1905|url=https://archive.org/details/ladyofsilverskat0000wrig|date=1979|publisher=Clingstone Press|location=Jamestown, R.I.|isbn=0-9602454-1-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/ladyofsilverskat0000wrig/page/77 77]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa a Paris ===
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, Louisine Elder da iyalinta suka yi tafiya zuwa Turai na tsawon shekaru uku. Sun tashi a ranar 25 ga Mayu, Shekara  ta 1873, a cikin jirgin ruwa na ''SS Calabria'', tare da danginsu na nesa, goggo Amanda McCready da danginta, da kuma 'yar uwar Mary Mapes Dodge, editan ''mujallar St. Nicholas'' kuma marubucin ''Hans Brinker; ko kuma Silver Skates'' .  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Weitzenhoffer|first1=Frances|title=The Havemeyers: Impressionism Comes to America|date=1986|publisher=Harry N. Abrams, Inc.|location=New York|isbn=0-8109-1096-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/havemeyersimpres00weit/page/20 20]|url=https://archive.org/details/havemeyersimpres00weit/page/20}}&lt;/ref&gt;'Yar uwar Mary Mapes Dodge Sophie Mapes Tolles tana zaune a Paris tare da kawarta [[Emily Sartain]], tana karatun fasaha a cikin gidan cin abinci na Evariste Luminais da kuma shiga cikin ''shirin'' Mme. Del Sarte, bazawara ga François Del Sarte, malamin da ya shahara a fannin fasahar bayyana abubuwa. Louisine da 'yar uwarta Addie sun haɗu da Sophie Mapes Tolles da Emily Sartain a cikin jirgin a cikin shirin Mme. Del Sarte, kuma a wannan lokacin ne Sartain ta gabatar da Louisine ga Mary Cassatt .  'Yan uwan Philadelphia, Cassatt da Sartain sun yi karatu tare a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Pennsylvania a farkon shekarun 1860 kuma sun yi tafiya tare zuwa Turai tare a kaka ta 1871.  A wannan lokacin, Mary Cassatt ta ɗauki Louisine Elder a ƙarƙashin fikafikanta, ta zama mai ba da shawara kuma ta ƙarfafa ta ta yi siyayyar fasaha ta farko, ta Edgar Degas.  Yayin da lokaci ya shuɗe, musamman bayan Louisine ta auri Henry O. Havemeyer, Cassatt ta zama mai ba da shawara ga Havemeyers, tana taimakawa wajen gina tarin fasaharsu da kuma sauƙaƙe dangantakar aiki da za su yi da [[Zanen Ra'ayi|Impressionist Artists]], ciki har da Edgar Degas, Édouard Manet, Camille Pissarro da [[Claude Monet]] . Abota ta tsawon rai ta haɗu tsakanin Louisine Havemeyer da Mary Cassatt, waɗanda daga baya suka yi pastels da yawa na Louisine da 'ya'yanta.

=== Tarin zane-zane ===
Tare da mijinta, Louisine za ta gina mafi kyawun tarin zane-zane a Amurka. Gidanta mai hawa uku a Fifth Avenue da East 66th Street a New York ya cika da mafi kyawun misalai na ayyukan Manet, El Greco, Rembrandt, da Corot . Louis Comfort Tiffany da Samuel Colman sun yi wa gidan ado a tsakanin  Shekara ta 1889 Zuwa 1890, waɗanda suka sanya shi wuri mai kyau don tarin kayan tarihi daban-daban masu mahimmanci na mai gidansu.  Henry Clay Frick, JP Morgan, da Mrs. Isabella Stewart Gardner suna cikin masu tattara kayan tarihi waɗanda Mr. da Mrs. Havemeyer za su sani kuma su yi gasa da su.

=== Rayuwar iyali ===
A ranar 22 ga Agusta, Shekarar 1883, shekaru goma bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, Louisine ta auri Henry O. Havemeyer na Kamfanin Refining Sugar na Amurka .

Louisine da Henry Osborne suna da 'ya'ya uku:

* Adaline Havemeyer, wacce aka fi sani da Mrs. Peter HB Frelinghuysen &amp;#x2014; (1884–1963)
* Horace Havemeyer &amp;#x2014; (1886–1956)
* Electra Havemeyer, wanda aka fi sani da Mrs. James Watson Webb &amp;#x2014; (1888–1960)

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; ''(Kafin aurensa da Louisine, Henry ya auri goggon Louisine Mary Louise Elder (1847–1897'' ''), amma wannan auren ya ƙare da saki.)''

== Gado ==
Baya ga matsayinta na farko kuma mai mahimmanci wajen tattara zane-zanen Impressionist, Louisine Havemeyer ta kasance mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata.
[[Fayil:Louisine_havemeyer_prison_special.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Jami'in 'yan sanda a Syracuse yana maraba da Louisine Havemeyer a lokacin da aka kawo Jami'ar Musamman ta Fursunoni a shekarar 1919.]]

=== Mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a ===
Bayan mutuwar mijinta a shekarar 1907, Mrs. Havemeyer ta mayar da hankalinta kan [[Zaɓen Mata|fafutukar mata ta zaɓe]] . A shekarar 1912 ta ba da rancen tarin kayanta na fasaha ga Knoedler 's Gallery da ke New York don tara kuɗi don wannan manufa. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pollock2013&quot; /&gt; A shekarar 1913, ta kafa [[Jam'iyyar Mata ta Kasa|Jam'iyyar Mata ta Ƙasa]] tare da mai ra'ayin mazan jiya [[Alice Paul]] . (A da an san ƙungiyar da &quot;Congressal Union for Women Suffrage&quot;.) Ta maimaita baje kolin fasahar tara kuɗi a Knoedler's a shekarar 1915. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pollock2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Griselda Pollock}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tare da tallafin kuɗi daga Mrs. Havemeyer da wasu irinta, Ms. Paul ta ƙaddamar da jerin zanga-zangar da ke ƙara tayar da hankali waɗanda ke tayar da hankalin 'yancin zaɓe. Kokarin da Paul ya fi shahara shi ne na 1913 National Suffrage Parade, wanda ya haifar da tarzoma a jajibirin rantsar da Shugaba Woodrow Wilson na farko, kuma a matsayinta na memba na Silent Sentinels, zanga-zangar yaƙi a Fadar White House. A lokacin na ƙarshe, Paul ya yi amfani da wasu sassan jawabin Shugaban ƙasa da ke shelar kare dimokuraɗiyya a Turai wanda ta kwatanta da hana 'yanci ga matan Amurka. Lokacin da aka daure ta saboda toshe zirga-zirga a shekarar 1917, yunwa ta kama ta, wanda ya kawo matsin lamba mai yawa ga Majalisa da Gwamnatin Wilson. An yi muhawara kan Kwaskwarima ta Sha Tara, wadda ta faɗaɗa haƙƙin zaɓe ga mata, Majalisa ta yi muhawara a kai, ta sami ƙuri'u 2/3 da ake buƙata a shekarar 1919, an aika ta zuwa jihohi don amincewa, kuma ta sami 3/4 na jihohi da suka amince da ita a shekarar 1920.

Louisine Havemeyer ta zama fitacciyar mai rajin kare haƙƙin jama'a, inda ta buga labarai biyu game da aikinta na wannan manufa a cikin Mujallar Scribner . Na farko, mai taken &quot;The Prison Special: Memories of a Military&quot;, ya bayyana a watan Mayu  Shekara  ta 1922, ɗayan kuma, &quot;The Suffrage Torch: Memories of a Military&quot; ya bayyana a watan Yuni a wannan shekarar. A cikin 1912 da 1915, Mrs. Havemeyer ta shirya nune-nunen ayyukan fasaha daga tarin kayanta a Knoedler Gallery don tara kuɗi don tallafawa ƙoƙarin zaɓe. Ta halarci zanga-zangar, abin da ya ɓata wa 'ya'yanta rai. , a kan sanannen titin Fifth Avenue na New York kuma ya yi wa masu sauraro jawabi a ɗakin tsaye kawai a Carnegie Hall bayan kammala rangadin jawabi a duk faɗin ƙasar. Wani sanannen hoton Mrs. Havemeyer ya nuna ta da tocilar lantarki, irin ta Statue of Liberty, tare da sauran fitattun masu ra'ayin 'yancin zaɓe. Yunkurinta na ƙona wani mutum-mutumin Shugaba Wilson a wajen Fadar White House a shekarar 1919 ya jawo hankalin ƙasa.

Bayan tsawon lokaci na rashin lafiya, Mrs. Havemeyer ta mutu a shekarar 1929. An binne Mrs. Havemeyer a Makabartar Green-Wood da ke Brooklyn, [[New York (jiha)|New York]] . Wa'adin wasiyyarta ya bar wasu zane-zane da aka zaɓa ga Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan da ke birnin New York. Wa'adin ƙarshe, wanda ya samu ta hanyar karimcin 'ya'yanta, ya haɗa da ayyukan da suka wadatar da kusan kowane ɓangare na tarin kayan tarihin.

Ana nuna kayan ado da yawa na Tiffany daga gidanta na Fifth Avenue, gami da wani kyakkyawan kayan ado na peacock mantelpie, da kuma chandelier na dindindin a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Jami'ar Michigan . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani ɓangare na ɗakin kayan daki na ɗakin kiɗa yana nan a Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gadon iyali ===
'Ya'yan Louisine za su ci gaba da ginawa a kan gadon iyalansu a matsayin masu tattara zane-zane. 'Yar Louisine Electra Havemeyer Webb ta tattara zane-zane da sassaka na Amurka da suka taimaka wajen kafa Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne . Gidan Tarihi yana nuna &quot;tarin tarin abubuwa&quot; a cikin kyawawan misalai na gidajen Amurka na farko da gine-ginen jama'a; shago na gabaɗaya, gidan taro, ɗakin katako, har ma da jirgin ruwa mai tururi a filin. Jikan jikan ta, John Wilmerding, sanannen farfesa ne na fasaha, mai tattarawa, da mai kula da shi, kuma an fi saninta a matsayin marubuciya mai hazaka a fannin littattafai kan fasahar Amurka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'Yarta Adaline da ɗanta Horace Havemeyer, da jikoki Horace Havemeyer, Jr. da Harry W. Havemeyer sun ba da ayyuka da yawa daga Vermeer, [[Francisco Goya|Goya]], Corot, Manet, da sauransu ga Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Zane-zanen da aka ba wa Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
!image
!title
!painter
!date
!accession number
!The Met url
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_van_Rijn_Harmen_Doomer_circa_1640.jpg|center|174x174px]]
|''Portrait of Herman Doomer''
|Rembrandt
|1640
|29.100.1
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437392 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jacob_Adriaensz_Backer_-_Portrait_of_an_Old_Woman_-_MET_29.100.2.jpg|center|150x150px]]
|Portrait of an Old Woman
|Jacob Adriaensz Backer
|1640s
|29.100.2
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435597 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_Man,_probably_a_Member_of_the_Van_Beresteyn_Family.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|Portrait of a Man, probably a Member of the Van Beresteyn Family
|Rembrandt
|1632
|29.100.3
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437386 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:R063b_Metropoliten.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|Portrait of a Woman, probably a Member of the Van Beresteyn Family
|Rembrandt
|1632
|29.100.4
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437388 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Cardinal_Fernando_Niño_de_Guevara_(1541–1609)_MET_DT854.jpg|center|200x200px]]
|''Cardinal Fernando Niño de Guevara''
|El Greco
|1600
|29.100.5
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436573 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:View_of_Toledo_MET_DP349564.jpg|center|145x145px]]
|''View of Toledo''
|El Greco
|1596
|29.100.6
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436575 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pieter_de_Hooch_-_The_Visit_-_WGA11684.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''The Visit''
|Pieter de Hooch
|1657
|29.100.7
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436678 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Frans_Hals_-_Petrus_Scriverius.jpg|center|177x177px]]
|''Portrait of Petrus Scriverius''
|Frans Hals
|1626
|29.100.8
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436619 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Frans_Hals_-_Anna_van_der_Aar.jpg|center|171x171px]]
|''Portrait of Anna van der Aar''
|Frans Hals
|1626
|29.100.9
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436618 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Majas_on_Balcony_by_follower_of_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg|center|197x197px]]
|''Majas on a Balcony''
|[[Francisco Goya|Francisco de Goya]]
|1808
|29.100.10
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436548 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:María_Luisa_of_Parma_(1751–1819),_Queen_of_Spain_MET_ep29.100.11.bw.R.jpg|center|167x167px]]
|''María Luisa of Parma (1751–1819), Queen of Spain''
|Copy after Goya
|1900s
|29.100.11
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436552 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Eugenio_Lucas_Velázquez_-_A_City_on_a_Rock.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''A City on a Rock''
|Style of Goya
|1900s
|29.100.12
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436553 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Saint_Cecilia_MET_ep29.100.14.bw.R.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Saint Cecilia''
|Abraham van Diepenbeeck
|1700s
|29.100.14
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436198 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Hugo_van_der_Goes_007.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Hugo van der Goes
|
|29.100.15
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436521 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bronzino_(Agnolo_di_Cosimo_di_Mariano)_-_Portrait_of_a_Young_Man_-_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg|center|162x162px]]
|''Portrait of a Young Man with a Book''
|[[Bronzino]]
|1540
|29.100.16
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435802 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Botticelli - Madonna and Child with Two Angels (Met).jpg|center|182x182px]]
|''Madonna and Child with Two Angels''
|Botticelli
|1500s
|29.100.17
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435730 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Burning_of_Sodom_(formerly_&quot;The_Destruction_of_Sodom&quot;)_MET_DT2014.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Burning of Sodom''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1850s
|29.100.18
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435967 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Camille_Corot_-_Bacchante_by_the_Sea_-_1865.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Bacchante by the Sea''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1860&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1865
|29.100.19
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435963 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Orpheus_and_Eurydice_MET_ep29.100.20.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Orpheus and Eurydice''
|painting in the manner of Nicolas Poussin
|
|29.100.20
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437331 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mercury_and_Battus_MET_DT1985.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Mercury and Battus''
|Francisque Millet
|
|29.100.21
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437093 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_DP365508.jpg|center|145x145px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Corneille de Lyon
|1540
|29.100.22
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435951 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jean-Auguste-Dominique_Ingres_-_Joseph-Antoine_Moltedo_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|163x163px]]
|''Joseph-Antoine Moltedo''
|Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres
|1810
|29.100.23
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/438818 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Lucas_Cranach_d.Ä._-_Bildnis_eines_Mannes_mit_Rosenkranz.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Portrait of a Man with a Rosary''
|[[Lucas Cranach Dattijon|Lucas Cranach the Elder]]
|
|29.100.24
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436040 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Degas_-_Dancers_Practicing_at_the_Bar.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''Dancers Practicing at the Barre''
|Edgar Degas
|1877
|29.100.34
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436139 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Germain_Hilaire_Degas_017.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Woman Having Her Hair Combed''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.35
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436173 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Drying Her Foot''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.36
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436172 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman with a Towel''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.37
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436128 MET]
|-
|
|''At the Milliner's''
|Edgar Degas
|1882
|29.100.38
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436126 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Germain_Hilaire_Degas_009.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Rehearsal Onstage''
|Edgar Degas
|1874
|29.100.39
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436156 MET]
|-
|
|''The Artist's Cousin, Probably Mrs. William Bell (Mathilde Musson, 1841–1878)''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.40
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436124 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Bathing in a Shallow Tub''
|Edgar Degas
|1885
|29.100.41
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436127 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Dancers,_Pink_and_Green_MET_DT1853.jpg|center|139x139px]]
|''Dancers, Pink and Green''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.42
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436140 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Sulking_MET_DT1918.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Sulking''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.43
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436162 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Collector_of_Prints_MET_DT1920.jpg|center|168x168px]]
|''The Collector of Prints''
|Edgar Degas
|1866
|29.100.44
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436122 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Degas_-_Madame_Théodore_Gobillard,_née_Yves_Morisot.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Madame Théodore Gobillard (Yves Morisot, 1838–1893)''
|Edgar Degas
|1869
|29.100.45
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436149 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:A_Woman_Ironing_MET_DT1910.jpg|center|176x176px]]
|''A Woman Ironing''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.46
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436174 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Cassat1.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Mother and Child (The Oval Mirror)''
|Mary Cassatt
|
|29.100.47
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/10401 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Young_Mother_Sewing_MET_DP139632.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Young Mother Sewing''
|Mary Cassatt
|1900
|29.100.48
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/10425 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Le_Christ_mort_et_les_anges.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''The Dead Christ with Angels''
|Édouard Manet
|1864
|29.100.51
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436950 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:A_Matador_MET_DT1933.jpg|center|192x192px]]
|''A Matador''
|Édouard Manet
|1866&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1867
|29.100.52
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436960 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mademoiselle_V._._._in_the_Costume_of_an_Espada_MET_DT859.jpg|center|165x165px]]
|''Mademoiselle V. . . in the Costume of an Espada''
|Édouard Manet
|1862
|29.100.53
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436945 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jeune_Homme_en_costume_de_majo_(1863)_-_Edouard_Manet_(MET,_New_York).jpg|center|192x192px]]
|''Young man in Mayo costume''
|Édouard Manet
|1863
|29.100.54
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/438819 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edouard_Manet_Georges_Moore.jpg|center|203x203px]]
|''George Moore (1852–1933)''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.55
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436953 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Jeune_Fille_à_la_Rose.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Mademoiselle Isabelle Lemonnier (1857–1926)''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.56
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436958 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Woman_with_a_Parrot_MET_DT43.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Woman with a Parrot''
|Gustave Courbet
|1866
|29.100.57
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436002 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_La_Font_(1862).jpg|center|208x208px]]
|''The Source''
|Gustave Courbet
|1862
|29.100.58
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436022 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Woman_in_a_Riding_Habit_(L'Amazone)_MET_DT2147.jpg|center|165x165px]]
|''Woman in a Riding Habit (L'Amazone)''
|Gustave Courbet
|1856
|29.100.59
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436024 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Nude_with_Flowering_Branch_MET_ep29.100.60.bw.R.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Nude with Flowering Branch''
|Gustave Courbet
|1863
|29.100.60
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436018 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:After_the_Hunt_MET_DT1963.jpg|center|162x162px]]
|''After the Hunt''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.61
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436007 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Woman_in_the_Waves_MET_DT887.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''The Woman in the Waves''
|Gustave Courbet
|1868
|29.100.62
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436004 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Jo,_la_belle_Irlandaise_(MET-Museum).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Jo, La Belle Irlandaise''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.63
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436001 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_-_Mont_Sainte-Victoire_and_the_Viaduct_of_the_Arc_River_Valley_(Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Mont Sainte-Victoire and the Viaduct of the Arc River Valley''
|Paul Cézanne
|1882
|29.100.64
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435877 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:L'Homme_au_chapeau_de_paille,_par_Paul_Cézanne.jpg|center|185x185px]]
|''Gustave Boyer (b. 1840) in a Straw Hat''
|Paul Cézanne
|
|29.100.65
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435873 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_-_Still_Life_with_Jar,_Cup,_and_Apples.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Still Life with Jar, Cup, and Apples''
|Paul Cézanne
|1877s
|29.100.66
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435884 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cezanne,_The_Gulf_of_Marseilles_Seen_from_L'Estaque,_c1885.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Gulf of Marseilles Seen from L'Estaque''
|Paul Cézanne
|1885
|29.100.67
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435872 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_man_in_a_gorget_holding_a_plumed_hat.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man with a Breastplate and Plumed Hat''
|Rembrandt
|1640s
|29.100.102
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437410 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_woman_holding_a_fan_and_the_back_of_a_chair.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman''
|Rembrandt&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ferdinand Bol&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jan Victors
|1640s
|29.100.103
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437409 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Woman_MET_ep29.100.104.bw.R.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman''
|Francesco Montemezzano
|
|29.100.104
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437146 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art,_Veronese,_Boy_with_a_Greyhound-2.jpg|center|215x215px]]
|''Boy with a Greyhound''
|Paolo Veronese
|
|29.100.105
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437890 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Chrysanthemums_(Monet).JPG|center|155x155px]]
|''Chrysanthemums''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1882
|29.100.106
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437115 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_052.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Bouquet of Sunflowers''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1881
|29.100.107
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437112 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Ice_Floes_MET_DT2158.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Ice Floes''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1893
|29.100.108
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437123 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_(French,_Paris_1840–1926_Giverny)_-_Haystacks_(Effect_of_Snow_and_Sun)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Haystacks (Effect of Snow and Sun)''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1891
|29.100.109
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437122 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:1891_Monet_The_four_trees_anagoria.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''The Four Trees''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1891
|29.100.110
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437121 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_-_La_Vague_Verte.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Green Wave''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|
|29.100.111
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437105 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:La_Grenouillère_MET_DT833.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''La Grenouillère''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1869
|29.100.112
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437135 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bridge_Over_a_Pond_of_Water_Lilies,_Claude_Monet_1899.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Bridge over a Pond of Water Lilies''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1899
|29.100.113
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437127 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Copy_after_Delacroix's_&quot;Bark_of_Dante&quot;_MET_DT2005.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Copy after Delacroix's &quot;Bark of Dante&quot;''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.114
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436949 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edouard_Manet_Boating.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Boating''
|Édouard Manet
|1874
|29.100.115
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436947 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Allegory_of_the_Sorbonne_MET_ep29.100.117.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Allegory of the Sorbonne''
|Pierre Puvis de Chavannes
|1889
|29.100.117
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437343 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Madame_de_Brayer_MET_DT1974.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|''Madame de Brayer''
|Gustave Courbet
|1858
|29.100.118
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436000 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Woman,_Called_Héloïse_Abélard_MET_ep29.100.119.bw.R.jpg|center|151x151px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman, Called Héloïse Abélard''
|Style of Gustave Courbet
|1900s
|29.100.119
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436028 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Monsieur_Suisse.jpg|center|156x156px]]
|''Charles Suisse''
|Gustave Courbet
|1861
|29.100.120
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436017 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Spring_Flowers_MET_ep29.100.121.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Spring Flowers''
|Copy after Gustave Courbet
|1855
|29.100.121
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436026 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Source_of_the_Loue_MET_DT1964.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Source of the Loue''
|Gustave Courbet
|1864
|29.100.122
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436023 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Apples_MET_ep29.100.123.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Apples''
|painting in the style of Gustave Courbet
|1900s
|29.100.123
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436027 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Young_Bather.jpg|center|171x171px]]
|''The Young Bather''
|Gustave Courbet
|1866
|29.100.124
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436003 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_By_the_Seashore.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''By the Seashore''
|Pierre-Auguste Renoir
|1883
|29.100.125
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437430 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pissarro_-_Bather_in_the_Woods.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''Bather in the Woods''
|Camille Pissarro
|1895
|29.100.126
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437306 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Dancers_in_the_Rehearsal_Room_with_a_Double_Bass_MET_DP275510.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Dancers in the Rehearsal Room with a Double Bass''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.127
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436138 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Degas,_A_Woman_Seated_beside_a_Vase_of_Flowers_(Madame_Paul_Valpinçon).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''A Woman Seated beside a Vase of Flowers''
|Edgar Degas
|1865
|29.100.128
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436121 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Honoré_Daumier_(French,_Marseilles_1808–1879_Valmondois)_-_The_Third-Class_Carriage_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Third-Class Carriage''
|Honoré Daumier
|1862
|29.100.129
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436095 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Madame_Auguste_Cuoq_(Mathilde_Desportes,_1827–1910)_MET_DT1960.jpg|center|209x209px]]
|''Madame Auguste Cuoq (Mathilde Desportes, 1827–1910)''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.130
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436016 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Eugène_Delacroix_-_Christ_Endormi_pendant_la_Tempête.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Christ Asleep during the Tempest''
|Eugène Delacroix
|
|29.100.131
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436176 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Alphonse_Promayet.jpg|center|190x190px]]
|''Alphonse Promayet (1822–1872)''
|Gustave Courbet
|1851
|29.100.132
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436008 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_ep29.100.179.bw.R.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Gaspare Traversi
|1800s
|29.100.179
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437843 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_Narcisa_Baranana_y_Goicoechea_by_Goya.jpg|center|185x185px]]
|''Narcisa Barañana de Goicoechea''
|[[Francisco Goya|Francisco de Goya y Lucientes]]
|1815
|29.100.180
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436547 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Joseph-Henri_Altès_(1826–1895)_MET_DT204709.jpg|center|159x159px]]
|''Joseph-Henri Altès (1826–1895)''
|Edgar Degas
|1868
|29.100.181
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436145 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mademoiselle_Marie_Dihau_(1843–1935)_MET_DT267444.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''[[Marie Dihau]] (1843–1935)''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.182
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436150 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Young_Woman_MET_DT297552.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''Portrait of a Young Woman''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.183
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436153 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Degas_-_Chasse_de_danse.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Dancing Class''
|Edgar Degas
|1870s
|29.100.184
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436141 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman on a Sofa''
|Edgar Degas
|1875
|29.100.185
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436125 MET]
|-
|
|''Two Dancers''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.187
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436165 MET]
|-
|
|''Dancer with a Fan''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.188
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436135 MET]
|-
|
|''Two Dancers''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.189
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436166 MET]
|-
|
|''Bather Stepping into a Tub''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.190
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436131 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Camille_Corot_-_The_Muse_History,_1865.jpg|center|168x168px]]
|''The Muse: History''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1865
|29.100.193
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435978 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_062.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Rocks in the Forest''
|Paul Cézanne
|
|29.100.194
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435880 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Experts_MET_DT209332.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Experts''
|Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps
|1837
|29.100.196
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436114 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Corneille_de_Lyon_-_Anne_de_Pisseleu,_duchesse_d'Etampes_(huile_sur_bois,_1535-1540).jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Anne de Pisseleu (1508–1576), Duchesse d'Étampes''
|Corneille de Lyon
|
|29.100.197
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435945 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Man_with_a_Tankard_MET_DP143167.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Man with a Tankard''
|Style of Adriaen van Ostade
|1700s
|29.100.198
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437233 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Connoisseur_MET_DP211510.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''The Connoisseur''
|Honoré Daumier
|1862s
|29.100.200
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/333915 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_DT1968.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.201
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436019 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Ballet_from_&quot;Robert_le_Diable&quot;_MET_DT1911.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''The Ballet from &quot;Robert le Diable&quot;''
|Edgar Degas
|1871
|29.100.552
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436123 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Drying Her Arm''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.553
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436171 MET]
|-
|
|''Fan Mount: The Ballet''
|Edgar Degas
|1879
|29.100.554
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436143 MET]
|-
|
|''Fan Mount: Ballet Girls''
|Edgar Degas
|1879
|29.100.555
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436142 MET]
|-
|
|''Russian Dancer''
|Edgar Degas
|1899
|29.100.556
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436157 MET]
|-
|
|''Dancer with a Fan''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.557
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436136 MET]
|-
|
|''Three Dancers Preparing for Class''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.558
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436163 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Mademoiselle_Lucie_Delabigne.jpg|center|202x202px]]
|''Mademoiselle Lucie Delabigne (1859–1910), Called Valtesse de la Bigne''
|Édouard Manet
|1879
|29.100.561
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436959 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Girl_Weaving_a_Garland_MET_ep29.100.562.bw.R.jpg|center|182x182px]]
|''Girl Weaving a Garland''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.562
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435971 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Reverie_MET_DT2010.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Reverie''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.563
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435981 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Child_MET_DT872.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Portrait of a Child''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.564
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435980 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Sibylle_MET_DT883.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Sibylle''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1870s
|29.100.565
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435984 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Calm_Sea_MET_DT1973.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Calm Sea''
|Gustave Courbet
|1869
|29.100.566
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436005 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bacchante_in_a_Landscape_MET_ep29.100.598.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Bacchante in a Landscape''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1865
|29.100.598
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435965 MET]
|}

== Duba kuma ==

* Havemeyer

== Albarkatu ==

* Louisine Havemeyer.1993. ''Sha shida zuwa sittin: Abubuwan Tunawa na Mai Tarawa'' . New York: Ursus Press. 
* Louisine W. Havemeyer. 1922. ''Torch na Zaɓe: Tunawa da Masu Rubuce-rubucen 'Yan Ta'adda'' (Mayu), shafi na 1922.&amp;nbsp;528–538.
* Louisine W. Havemeyer. 1922. ''Muhimmin Littafin Kurkuku: Tunawa da Masu'' Rubuce-rubucen 'Yan Ta'adda (Yuni) shafi na 1922.&amp;nbsp;661–675.
* Alice Cooney Frelinghuysen. 1993. [https://books.google.com/books?id=5VUheKAVZ3QC&amp;pg=PA173 ''Gado Mai Kyau: Tarin Havemeyer''] New York: Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1855]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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[[Fayil:Cassatt_Electra_Havemeyer_and_mother.jpg|thumb|300x300px|''Louisine Havemeyer da 'yarta Electra,'' pastel ɗin da aka yi a takarda a shekarar 1895 ta Mary Cassatt . Tarin Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne]]
'''Louisine Waldron Elder Havemeyer''' (28 ga watan Yuli, a shekara ta alif 1855 - 6 ga Janairu, 1929) ta kasance mai tattara zane-zane, [[Feminism|mai kare hakkin mata]], kuma mai taimakon jama'a . Baya ga kasancewa mai kula da [[Zanen Ra'ayi|zane-zanen imprisonist]], ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu ba da gudummawa ga [[Zaɓen Mata|ƙungiyar zaɓe]] a Amurka. Mai zane-zanen imprisonist Edgar Degas da mai kare hakkin mata [[Alice Paul]] suna cikin shahararrun waɗanda suka sami goyon bayan wannan mai taimakon jama'a .

== Bayani ==
An haifi '''Louisine Waldron Elder''' a birnin New York a ranar 28 ga Yuli, Shekara ta 1855, ga wani ɗan kasuwa George W. Elder ( A Shekara ta 1831 zuwa 1873) da matarsa, Matilda Adelaide Waldron (1834–1907). Ita ce ta biyu a cikin 'ya'ya huɗu: Anne Eliza Elder, daga baya Mrs. Henry Norcross Munn (1853–1917), Adaline Deliverance Mapes Elder, daga baya Mrs. Samuel Twyford Peters (1859–1943), da ɗan'uwa George Waldron Elder (1860–1916).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Wright|first1=Catharine Morris|title=Lady of the silver skates : the life and correspondence of Mary Mapes Dodge, 1830-1905|url=https://archive.org/details/ladyofsilverskat0000wrig|date=1979|publisher=Clingstone Press|location=Jamestown, R.I.|isbn=0-9602454-1-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/ladyofsilverskat0000wrig/page/77 77]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa a Paris ===
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, Louisine Elder da iyalinta suka yi tafiya zuwa Turai na tsawon shekaru uku. Sun tashi a ranar 25 ga Mayu, Shekara  ta 1873, a cikin jirgin ruwa na ''SS Calabria'', tare da danginsu na nesa, goggo Amanda McCready da danginta, da kuma 'yar uwar Mary Mapes Dodge, editan ''mujallar St. Nicholas'' kuma marubucin ''Hans Brinker; ko kuma Silver Skates'' .  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Weitzenhoffer|first1=Frances|title=The Havemeyers: Impressionism Comes to America|date=1986|publisher=Harry N. Abrams, Inc.|location=New York|isbn=0-8109-1096-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/havemeyersimpres00weit/page/20 20]|url=https://archive.org/details/havemeyersimpres00weit/page/20}}&lt;/ref&gt;'Yar uwar Mary Mapes Dodge Sophie Mapes Tolles tana zaune a Paris tare da kawarta [[Emily Sartain]], tana karatun fasaha a cikin gidan cin abinci na Evariste Luminais da kuma shiga cikin ''shirin'' Mme. Del Sarte, bazawara ga François Del Sarte, malamin da ya shahara a fannin fasahar bayyana abubuwa. Louisine da 'yar uwarta Addie sun haɗu da Sophie Mapes Tolles da Emily Sartain a cikin jirgin a cikin shirin Mme. Del Sarte, kuma a wannan lokacin ne Sartain ta gabatar da Louisine ga Mary Cassatt .  'Yan uwan Philadelphia, Cassatt da Sartain sun yi karatu tare a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Pennsylvania a farkon shekarun 1860 kuma sun yi tafiya tare zuwa Turai tare a kaka ta 1871.  A wannan lokacin, Mary Cassatt ta ɗauki Louisine Elder a ƙarƙashin fikafikanta, ta zama mai ba da shawara kuma ta ƙarfafa ta ta yi siyayyar fasaha ta farko, ta Edgar Degas.  Yayin da lokaci ya shuɗe, musamman bayan Louisine ta auri Henry O. Havemeyer, Cassatt ta zama mai ba da shawara ga Havemeyers, tana taimakawa wajen gina tarin fasaharsu da kuma sauƙaƙe dangantakar aiki da za su yi da [[Zanen Ra'ayi|Impressionist Artists]], ciki har da Edgar Degas, Édouard Manet, Camille Pissarro da [[Claude Monet]] . Abota ta tsawon rai ta haɗu tsakanin Louisine Havemeyer da Mary Cassatt, waɗanda daga baya suka yi pastels da yawa na Louisine da 'ya'yanta.

=== Tarin zane-zane ===
Tare da mijinta, Louisine za ta gina mafi kyawun tarin zane-zane a Amurka. Gidanta mai hawa uku a Fifth Avenue da East 66th Street a New York ya cika da mafi kyawun misalai na ayyukan Manet, El Greco, Rembrandt, da Corot . Louis Comfort Tiffany da Samuel Colman sun yi wa gidan ado a tsakanin  Shekara ta 1889 Zuwa 1890, waɗanda suka sanya shi wuri mai kyau don tarin kayan tarihi daban-daban masu mahimmanci na mai gidansu.  Henry Clay Frick, JP Morgan, da Mrs. Isabella Stewart Gardner suna cikin masu tattara kayan tarihi waɗanda Mr. da Mrs. Havemeyer za su sani kuma su yi gasa da su.

=== Rayuwar iyali ===
A ranar 22 ga Agusta, Shekarar 1883, shekaru goma bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, Louisine ta auri Henry O. Havemeyer na Kamfanin Refining Sugar na Amurka .

Louisine da Henry Osborne suna da 'ya'ya uku:

* Adaline Havemeyer, wacce aka fi sani da Mrs. Peter HB Frelinghuysen &amp;#x2014; (1884–1963)
* Horace Havemeyer &amp;#x2014; (1886–1956)
* Electra Havemeyer, wanda aka fi sani da Mrs. James Watson Webb &amp;#x2014; (1888–1960)

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; ''(Kafin aurensa da Louisine, Henry ya auri goggon Louisine Mary Louise Elder (1847–1897'' ''), amma wannan auren ya ƙare da saki.)''

== Gado ==
Baya ga matsayinta na farko kuma mai mahimmanci wajen tattara zane-zanen Impressionist, Louisine Havemeyer ta kasance mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata.
[[Fayil:Louisine_havemeyer_prison_special.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Jami'in 'yan sanda a Syracuse yana maraba da Louisine Havemeyer a lokacin da aka kawo Jami'ar Musamman ta Fursunoni a shekarar 1919.]]

=== Mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a ===
Bayan mutuwar mijinta a shekarar 1907, Mrs. Havemeyer ta mayar da hankalinta kan [[Zaɓen Mata|fafutukar mata ta zaɓe]] . A shekarar 1912 ta ba da rancen tarin kayanta na fasaha ga Knoedler 's Gallery da ke New York don tara kuɗi don wannan manufa. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pollock2013&quot; /&gt; A shekarar 1913, ta kafa [[Jam'iyyar Mata ta Kasa|Jam'iyyar Mata ta Ƙasa]] tare da mai ra'ayin mazan jiya [[Alice Paul]] . (A da an san ƙungiyar da &quot;Congressal Union for Women Suffrage&quot;.) Ta maimaita baje kolin fasahar tara kuɗi a Knoedler's a shekarar 1915. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pollock2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Griselda Pollock}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tare da tallafin kuɗi daga Mrs. Havemeyer da wasu irinta, Ms. Paul ta ƙaddamar da jerin zanga-zangar da ke ƙara tayar da hankali waɗanda ke tayar da hankalin 'yancin zaɓe. Kokarin da Paul ya fi shahara shi ne na 1913 National Suffrage Parade, wanda ya haifar da tarzoma a jajibirin rantsar da Shugaba Woodrow Wilson na farko, kuma a matsayinta na memba na Silent Sentinels, zanga-zangar yaƙi a Fadar White House. A lokacin na ƙarshe, Paul ya yi amfani da wasu sassan jawabin Shugaban ƙasa da ke shelar kare dimokuraɗiyya a Turai wanda ta kwatanta da hana 'yanci ga matan Amurka. Lokacin da aka daure ta saboda toshe zirga-zirga a shekarar 1917, yunwa ta kama ta, wanda ya kawo matsin lamba mai yawa ga Majalisa da Gwamnatin Wilson. An yi muhawara kan Kwaskwarima ta Sha Tara, wadda ta faɗaɗa haƙƙin zaɓe ga mata, Majalisa ta yi muhawara a kai, ta sami ƙuri'u 2/3 da ake buƙata a shekarar 1919, an aika ta zuwa jihohi don amincewa, kuma ta sami 3/4 na jihohi da suka amince da ita a shekarar 1920.

Louisine Havemeyer ta zama fitacciyar mai rajin kare haƙƙin jama'a, inda ta buga labarai biyu game da aikinta na wannan manufa a cikin Mujallar Scribner . Na farko, mai taken &quot;The Prison Special: Memories of a Military&quot;, ya bayyana a watan Mayu  Shekara  ta 1922, ɗayan kuma, &quot;The Suffrage Torch: Memories of a Military&quot; ya bayyana a watan Yuni a wannan shekarar. A cikin 1912 da 1915, Mrs. Havemeyer ta shirya nune-nunen ayyukan fasaha daga tarin kayanta a Knoedler Gallery don tara kuɗi don tallafawa ƙoƙarin zaɓe. Ta halarci zanga-zangar, abin da ya ɓata wa 'ya'yanta rai. , a kan sanannen titin Fifth Avenue na New York kuma ya yi wa masu sauraro jawabi a ɗakin tsaye kawai a Carnegie Hall bayan kammala rangadin jawabi a duk faɗin ƙasar. Wani sanannen hoton Mrs. Havemeyer ya nuna ta da tocilar lantarki, irin ta Statue of Liberty, tare da sauran fitattun masu ra'ayin 'yancin zaɓe. Yunkurinta na ƙona wani mutum-mutumin Shugaba Wilson a wajen Fadar White House a shekarar 1919 ya jawo hankalin ƙasa.

Bayan tsawon lokaci na rashin lafiya, Mrs. Havemeyer ta mutu a shekarar 1929. An binne Mrs. Havemeyer a Makabartar Green-Wood da ke Brooklyn, [[New York (jiha)|New York]] . Wa'adin wasiyyarta ya bar wasu zane-zane da aka zaɓa ga Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan da ke birnin New York. Wa'adin ƙarshe, wanda ya samu ta hanyar karimcin 'ya'yanta, ya haɗa da ayyukan da suka wadatar da kusan kowane ɓangare na tarin kayan tarihin.

Ana nuna kayan ado da yawa na Tiffany daga gidanta na Fifth Avenue, gami da wani kyakkyawan kayan ado na peacock mantelpie, da kuma chandelier na dindindin a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Jami'ar Michigan . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani ɓangare na ɗakin kayan daki na ɗakin kiɗa yana nan a Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gadon iyali ===
'Ya'yan Louisine za su ci gaba da ginawa a kan gadon iyalansu a matsayin masu tattara zane-zane. 'Yar Louisine Electra Havemeyer Webb ta tattara zane-zane da sassaka na Amurka da suka taimaka wajen kafa Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne . Gidan Tarihi yana nuna &quot;tarin tarin abubuwa&quot; a cikin kyawawan misalai na gidajen Amurka na farko da gine-ginen jama'a; shago na gabaɗaya, gidan taro, ɗakin katako, har ma da jirgin ruwa mai tururi a filin. Jikan jikan ta, John Wilmerding, sanannen farfesa ne na fasaha, mai tattarawa, da mai kula da shi, kuma an fi saninta a matsayin marubuciya mai hazaka a fannin littattafai kan fasahar Amurka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'Yarta Adaline da ɗanta Horace Havemeyer, da jikoki Horace Havemeyer, Jr. da Harry W. Havemeyer sun ba da ayyuka da yawa daga Vermeer, [[Francisco Goya|Goya]], Corot, Manet, da sauransu ga Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Zane-zanen da aka ba wa Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
!image
!title
!painter
!date
!accession number
!The Met url
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_van_Rijn_Harmen_Doomer_circa_1640.jpg|center|174x174px]]
|''Portrait of Herman Doomer''
|Rembrandt
|1640
|29.100.1
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437392 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jacob_Adriaensz_Backer_-_Portrait_of_an_Old_Woman_-_MET_29.100.2.jpg|center|150x150px]]
|Portrait of an Old Woman
|Jacob Adriaensz Backer
|1640s
|29.100.2
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435597 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_Man,_probably_a_Member_of_the_Van_Beresteyn_Family.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|Portrait of a Man, probably a Member of the Van Beresteyn Family
|Rembrandt
|1632
|29.100.3
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437386 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:R063b_Metropoliten.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|Portrait of a Woman, probably a Member of the Van Beresteyn Family
|Rembrandt
|1632
|29.100.4
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437388 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Cardinal_Fernando_Niño_de_Guevara_(1541–1609)_MET_DT854.jpg|center|200x200px]]
|''Cardinal Fernando Niño de Guevara''
|El Greco
|1600
|29.100.5
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436573 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:View_of_Toledo_MET_DP349564.jpg|center|145x145px]]
|''View of Toledo''
|El Greco
|1596
|29.100.6
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436575 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pieter_de_Hooch_-_The_Visit_-_WGA11684.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''The Visit''
|Pieter de Hooch
|1657
|29.100.7
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436678 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Frans_Hals_-_Petrus_Scriverius.jpg|center|177x177px]]
|''Portrait of Petrus Scriverius''
|Frans Hals
|1626
|29.100.8
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436619 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Frans_Hals_-_Anna_van_der_Aar.jpg|center|171x171px]]
|''Portrait of Anna van der Aar''
|Frans Hals
|1626
|29.100.9
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436618 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Majas_on_Balcony_by_follower_of_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg|center|197x197px]]
|''Majas on a Balcony''
|[[Francisco Goya|Francisco de Goya]]
|1808
|29.100.10
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436548 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:María_Luisa_of_Parma_(1751–1819),_Queen_of_Spain_MET_ep29.100.11.bw.R.jpg|center|167x167px]]
|''María Luisa of Parma (1751–1819), Queen of Spain''
|Copy after Goya
|1900s
|29.100.11
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436552 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Eugenio_Lucas_Velázquez_-_A_City_on_a_Rock.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''A City on a Rock''
|Style of Goya
|1900s
|29.100.12
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436553 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Saint_Cecilia_MET_ep29.100.14.bw.R.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Saint Cecilia''
|Abraham van Diepenbeeck
|1700s
|29.100.14
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436198 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Hugo_van_der_Goes_007.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Hugo van der Goes
|
|29.100.15
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436521 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bronzino_(Agnolo_di_Cosimo_di_Mariano)_-_Portrait_of_a_Young_Man_-_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg|center|162x162px]]
|''Portrait of a Young Man with a Book''
|[[Bronzino]]
|1540
|29.100.16
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435802 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Botticelli - Madonna and Child with Two Angels (Met).jpg|center|182x182px]]
|''Madonna and Child with Two Angels''
|Botticelli
|1500s
|29.100.17
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435730 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Burning_of_Sodom_(formerly_&quot;The_Destruction_of_Sodom&quot;)_MET_DT2014.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Burning of Sodom''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1850s
|29.100.18
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435967 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Camille_Corot_-_Bacchante_by_the_Sea_-_1865.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Bacchante by the Sea''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1860&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1865
|29.100.19
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435963 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Orpheus_and_Eurydice_MET_ep29.100.20.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Orpheus and Eurydice''
|painting in the manner of Nicolas Poussin
|
|29.100.20
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437331 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mercury_and_Battus_MET_DT1985.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Mercury and Battus''
|Francisque Millet
|
|29.100.21
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437093 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_DP365508.jpg|center|145x145px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Corneille de Lyon
|1540
|29.100.22
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435951 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jean-Auguste-Dominique_Ingres_-_Joseph-Antoine_Moltedo_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|163x163px]]
|''Joseph-Antoine Moltedo''
|Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres
|1810
|29.100.23
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/438818 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Lucas_Cranach_d.Ä._-_Bildnis_eines_Mannes_mit_Rosenkranz.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Portrait of a Man with a Rosary''
|[[Lucas Cranach Dattijon|Lucas Cranach the Elder]]
|
|29.100.24
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436040 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Degas_-_Dancers_Practicing_at_the_Bar.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''Dancers Practicing at the Barre''
|Edgar Degas
|1877
|29.100.34
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436139 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Germain_Hilaire_Degas_017.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Woman Having Her Hair Combed''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.35
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436173 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Drying Her Foot''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.36
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436172 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman with a Towel''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.37
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436128 MET]
|-
|
|''At the Milliner's''
|Edgar Degas
|1882
|29.100.38
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436126 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Germain_Hilaire_Degas_009.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Rehearsal Onstage''
|Edgar Degas
|1874
|29.100.39
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436156 MET]
|-
|
|''The Artist's Cousin, Probably Mrs. William Bell (Mathilde Musson, 1841–1878)''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.40
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436124 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Bathing in a Shallow Tub''
|Edgar Degas
|1885
|29.100.41
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436127 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Dancers,_Pink_and_Green_MET_DT1853.jpg|center|139x139px]]
|''Dancers, Pink and Green''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.42
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436140 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Sulking_MET_DT1918.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Sulking''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.43
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436162 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Collector_of_Prints_MET_DT1920.jpg|center|168x168px]]
|''The Collector of Prints''
|Edgar Degas
|1866
|29.100.44
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436122 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Degas_-_Madame_Théodore_Gobillard,_née_Yves_Morisot.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Madame Théodore Gobillard (Yves Morisot, 1838–1893)''
|Edgar Degas
|1869
|29.100.45
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436149 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:A_Woman_Ironing_MET_DT1910.jpg|center|176x176px]]
|''A Woman Ironing''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.46
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436174 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Cassat1.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Mother and Child (The Oval Mirror)''
|Mary Cassatt
|
|29.100.47
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/10401 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Young_Mother_Sewing_MET_DP139632.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Young Mother Sewing''
|Mary Cassatt
|1900
|29.100.48
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/10425 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Le_Christ_mort_et_les_anges.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''The Dead Christ with Angels''
|Édouard Manet
|1864
|29.100.51
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436950 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:A_Matador_MET_DT1933.jpg|center|192x192px]]
|''A Matador''
|Édouard Manet
|1866&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1867
|29.100.52
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436960 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mademoiselle_V._._._in_the_Costume_of_an_Espada_MET_DT859.jpg|center|165x165px]]
|''Mademoiselle V. . . in the Costume of an Espada''
|Édouard Manet
|1862
|29.100.53
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436945 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jeune_Homme_en_costume_de_majo_(1863)_-_Edouard_Manet_(MET,_New_York).jpg|center|192x192px]]
|''Young man in Mayo costume''
|Édouard Manet
|1863
|29.100.54
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/438819 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edouard_Manet_Georges_Moore.jpg|center|203x203px]]
|''George Moore (1852–1933)''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.55
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436953 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Jeune_Fille_à_la_Rose.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Mademoiselle Isabelle Lemonnier (1857–1926)''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.56
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436958 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Woman_with_a_Parrot_MET_DT43.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Woman with a Parrot''
|Gustave Courbet
|1866
|29.100.57
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436002 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_La_Font_(1862).jpg|center|208x208px]]
|''The Source''
|Gustave Courbet
|1862
|29.100.58
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436022 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Woman_in_a_Riding_Habit_(L'Amazone)_MET_DT2147.jpg|center|165x165px]]
|''Woman in a Riding Habit (L'Amazone)''
|Gustave Courbet
|1856
|29.100.59
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436024 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Nude_with_Flowering_Branch_MET_ep29.100.60.bw.R.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Nude with Flowering Branch''
|Gustave Courbet
|1863
|29.100.60
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436018 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:After_the_Hunt_MET_DT1963.jpg|center|162x162px]]
|''After the Hunt''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.61
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436007 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Woman_in_the_Waves_MET_DT887.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''The Woman in the Waves''
|Gustave Courbet
|1868
|29.100.62
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436004 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Jo,_la_belle_Irlandaise_(MET-Museum).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Jo, La Belle Irlandaise''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.63
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436001 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_-_Mont_Sainte-Victoire_and_the_Viaduct_of_the_Arc_River_Valley_(Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Mont Sainte-Victoire and the Viaduct of the Arc River Valley''
|Paul Cézanne
|1882
|29.100.64
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435877 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:L'Homme_au_chapeau_de_paille,_par_Paul_Cézanne.jpg|center|185x185px]]
|''Gustave Boyer (b. 1840) in a Straw Hat''
|Paul Cézanne
|
|29.100.65
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435873 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_-_Still_Life_with_Jar,_Cup,_and_Apples.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Still Life with Jar, Cup, and Apples''
|Paul Cézanne
|1877s
|29.100.66
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435884 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cezanne,_The_Gulf_of_Marseilles_Seen_from_L'Estaque,_c1885.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Gulf of Marseilles Seen from L'Estaque''
|Paul Cézanne
|1885
|29.100.67
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435872 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_man_in_a_gorget_holding_a_plumed_hat.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man with a Breastplate and Plumed Hat''
|Rembrandt
|1640s
|29.100.102
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437410 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_woman_holding_a_fan_and_the_back_of_a_chair.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman''
|Rembrandt&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ferdinand Bol&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jan Victors
|1640s
|29.100.103
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437409 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Woman_MET_ep29.100.104.bw.R.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman''
|Francesco Montemezzano
|
|29.100.104
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437146 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art,_Veronese,_Boy_with_a_Greyhound-2.jpg|center|215x215px]]
|''Boy with a Greyhound''
|Paolo Veronese
|
|29.100.105
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437890 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Chrysanthemums_(Monet).JPG|center|155x155px]]
|''Chrysanthemums''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1882
|29.100.106
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437115 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_052.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Bouquet of Sunflowers''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1881
|29.100.107
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437112 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Ice_Floes_MET_DT2158.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Ice Floes''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1893
|29.100.108
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437123 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_(French,_Paris_1840–1926_Giverny)_-_Haystacks_(Effect_of_Snow_and_Sun)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Haystacks (Effect of Snow and Sun)''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1891
|29.100.109
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437122 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:1891_Monet_The_four_trees_anagoria.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''The Four Trees''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1891
|29.100.110
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437121 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_-_La_Vague_Verte.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Green Wave''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|
|29.100.111
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437105 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:La_Grenouillère_MET_DT833.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''La Grenouillère''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1869
|29.100.112
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437135 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bridge_Over_a_Pond_of_Water_Lilies,_Claude_Monet_1899.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Bridge over a Pond of Water Lilies''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1899
|29.100.113
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437127 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Copy_after_Delacroix's_&quot;Bark_of_Dante&quot;_MET_DT2005.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Copy after Delacroix's &quot;Bark of Dante&quot;''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.114
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436949 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edouard_Manet_Boating.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Boating''
|Édouard Manet
|1874
|29.100.115
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436947 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Allegory_of_the_Sorbonne_MET_ep29.100.117.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Allegory of the Sorbonne''
|Pierre Puvis de Chavannes
|1889
|29.100.117
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437343 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Madame_de_Brayer_MET_DT1974.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|''Madame de Brayer''
|Gustave Courbet
|1858
|29.100.118
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436000 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Woman,_Called_Héloïse_Abélard_MET_ep29.100.119.bw.R.jpg|center|151x151px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman, Called Héloïse Abélard''
|Style of Gustave Courbet
|1900s
|29.100.119
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436028 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Monsieur_Suisse.jpg|center|156x156px]]
|''Charles Suisse''
|Gustave Courbet
|1861
|29.100.120
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436017 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Spring_Flowers_MET_ep29.100.121.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Spring Flowers''
|Copy after Gustave Courbet
|1855
|29.100.121
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436026 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Source_of_the_Loue_MET_DT1964.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Source of the Loue''
|Gustave Courbet
|1864
|29.100.122
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436023 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Apples_MET_ep29.100.123.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Apples''
|painting in the style of Gustave Courbet
|1900s
|29.100.123
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436027 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Young_Bather.jpg|center|171x171px]]
|''The Young Bather''
|Gustave Courbet
|1866
|29.100.124
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436003 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_By_the_Seashore.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''By the Seashore''
|Pierre-Auguste Renoir
|1883
|29.100.125
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437430 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pissarro_-_Bather_in_the_Woods.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''Bather in the Woods''
|Camille Pissarro
|1895
|29.100.126
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437306 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Dancers_in_the_Rehearsal_Room_with_a_Double_Bass_MET_DP275510.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Dancers in the Rehearsal Room with a Double Bass''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.127
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436138 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Degas,_A_Woman_Seated_beside_a_Vase_of_Flowers_(Madame_Paul_Valpinçon).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''A Woman Seated beside a Vase of Flowers''
|Edgar Degas
|1865
|29.100.128
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436121 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Honoré_Daumier_(French,_Marseilles_1808–1879_Valmondois)_-_The_Third-Class_Carriage_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Third-Class Carriage''
|Honoré Daumier
|1862
|29.100.129
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436095 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Madame_Auguste_Cuoq_(Mathilde_Desportes,_1827–1910)_MET_DT1960.jpg|center|209x209px]]
|''Madame Auguste Cuoq (Mathilde Desportes, 1827–1910)''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.130
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436016 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Eugène_Delacroix_-_Christ_Endormi_pendant_la_Tempête.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Christ Asleep during the Tempest''
|Eugène Delacroix
|
|29.100.131
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436176 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Alphonse_Promayet.jpg|center|190x190px]]
|''Alphonse Promayet (1822–1872)''
|Gustave Courbet
|1851
|29.100.132
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436008 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_ep29.100.179.bw.R.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Gaspare Traversi
|1800s
|29.100.179
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437843 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_Narcisa_Baranana_y_Goicoechea_by_Goya.jpg|center|185x185px]]
|''Narcisa Barañana de Goicoechea''
|[[Francisco Goya|Francisco de Goya y Lucientes]]
|1815
|29.100.180
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436547 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Joseph-Henri_Altès_(1826–1895)_MET_DT204709.jpg|center|159x159px]]
|''Joseph-Henri Altès (1826–1895)''
|Edgar Degas
|1868
|29.100.181
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436145 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mademoiselle_Marie_Dihau_(1843–1935)_MET_DT267444.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''[[Marie Dihau]] (1843–1935)''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.182
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436150 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Young_Woman_MET_DT297552.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''Portrait of a Young Woman''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.183
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436153 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Degas_-_Chasse_de_danse.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Dancing Class''
|Edgar Degas
|1870s
|29.100.184
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436141 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman on a Sofa''
|Edgar Degas
|1875
|29.100.185
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436125 MET]
|-
|
|''Two Dancers''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.187
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436165 MET]
|-
|
|''Dancer with a Fan''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.188
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436135 MET]
|-
|
|''Two Dancers''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.189
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436166 MET]
|-
|
|''Bather Stepping into a Tub''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.190
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436131 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Camille_Corot_-_The_Muse_History,_1865.jpg|center|168x168px]]
|''The Muse: History''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1865
|29.100.193
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435978 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_062.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Rocks in the Forest''
|Paul Cézanne
|
|29.100.194
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435880 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Experts_MET_DT209332.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Experts''
|Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps
|1837
|29.100.196
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436114 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Corneille_de_Lyon_-_Anne_de_Pisseleu,_duchesse_d'Etampes_(huile_sur_bois,_1535-1540).jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Anne de Pisseleu (1508–1576), Duchesse d'Étampes''
|Corneille de Lyon
|
|29.100.197
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435945 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Man_with_a_Tankard_MET_DP143167.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Man with a Tankard''
|Style of Adriaen van Ostade
|1700s
|29.100.198
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437233 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Connoisseur_MET_DP211510.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''The Connoisseur''
|Honoré Daumier
|1862s
|29.100.200
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/333915 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_DT1968.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.201
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436019 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Ballet_from_&quot;Robert_le_Diable&quot;_MET_DT1911.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''The Ballet from &quot;Robert le Diable&quot;''
|Edgar Degas
|1871
|29.100.552
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436123 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Drying Her Arm''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.553
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436171 MET]
|-
|
|''Fan Mount: The Ballet''
|Edgar Degas
|1879
|29.100.554
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436143 MET]
|-
|
|''Fan Mount: Ballet Girls''
|Edgar Degas
|1879
|29.100.555
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436142 MET]
|-
|
|''Russian Dancer''
|Edgar Degas
|1899
|29.100.556
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436157 MET]
|-
|
|''Dancer with a Fan''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.557
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436136 MET]
|-
|
|''Three Dancers Preparing for Class''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.558
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436163 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Mademoiselle_Lucie_Delabigne.jpg|center|202x202px]]
|''Mademoiselle Lucie Delabigne (1859–1910), Called Valtesse de la Bigne''
|Édouard Manet
|1879
|29.100.561
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436959 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Girl_Weaving_a_Garland_MET_ep29.100.562.bw.R.jpg|center|182x182px]]
|''Girl Weaving a Garland''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.562
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435971 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Reverie_MET_DT2010.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Reverie''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.563
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435981 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Child_MET_DT872.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Portrait of a Child''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.564
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435980 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Sibylle_MET_DT883.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Sibylle''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1870s
|29.100.565
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435984 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Calm_Sea_MET_DT1973.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Calm Sea''
|Gustave Courbet
|1869
|29.100.566
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436005 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bacchante_in_a_Landscape_MET_ep29.100.598.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Bacchante in a Landscape''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1865
|29.100.598
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435965 MET]
|}

== Duba kuma ==

* Havemeyer

== Albarkatu ==

* Louisine Havemeyer.1993. ''Sha shida zuwa sittin: Abubuwan Tunawa na Mai Tarawa'' . New York: Ursus Press. 
* Louisine W. Havemeyer. 1922. ''Torch na Zaɓe: Tunawa da Masu Rubuce-rubucen 'Yan Ta'adda'' (Mayu), shafi na 1922.&amp;nbsp;528–538.
* Louisine W. Havemeyer. 1922. ''Muhimmin Littafin Kurkuku: Tunawa da Masu'' Rubuce-rubucen 'Yan Ta'adda (Yuni) shafi na 1922.&amp;nbsp;661–675.
* Alice Cooney Frelinghuysen. 1993. [https://books.google.com/books?id=5VUheKAVZ3QC&amp;pg=PA173 ''Gado Mai Kyau: Tarin Havemeyer''] New York: Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1855]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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      <minor />
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[[Fayil:Cassatt_Electra_Havemeyer_and_mother.jpg|thumb|300x300px|''Louisine Havemeyer da 'yarta Electra,'' pastel ɗin da aka yi a takarda a shekarar 1895 ta Mary Cassatt . Tarin Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne]]
'''Louisine Waldron Elder Havemeyer''' (28 ga watan Yuli, a shekara ta alif 1855 - 6 ga Janairu, 1929) ta kasance mai tattara zane-zane, [[Feminism|mai kare hakkin mata]], kuma mai taimakon jama'a . Baya ga kasancewa mai kula da [[Zanen Ra'ayi|zane-zanen imprisonist]], ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu ba da gudummawa ga [[Zaɓen Mata|ƙungiyar zaɓe]] a Amurka. Mai zane-zanen imprisonist Edgar Degas da mai kare hakkin mata [[Alice Paul]] suna cikin shahararrun waɗanda suka sami goyon bayan wannan mai taimakon jama'a .

== Bayani ==
An haifi '''Louisine Waldron Elder''' a birnin New York a ranar 28 ga watan  Yuli, Shekara ta 1855, ga wani ɗan kasuwa George W. Elder ( A Shekara ta 1831 zuwa 1873) da matarsa, Matilda Adelaide Waldron (1834–1907). Ita ce ta biyu a cikin 'ya'ya huɗu: Anne Eliza Elder, daga baya Mrs. Henry Norcross Munn (1853–1917), Adaline Deliverance Mapes Elder, daga baya Mrs. Samuel Twyford Peters (1859–1943), da ɗan'uwa George Waldron Elder (1860–1916).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Wright|first1=Catharine Morris|title=Lady of the silver skates : the life and correspondence of Mary Mapes Dodge, 1830-1905|url=https://archive.org/details/ladyofsilverskat0000wrig|date=1979|publisher=Clingstone Press|location=Jamestown, R.I.|isbn=0-9602454-1-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/ladyofsilverskat0000wrig/page/77 77]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa a Paris ===
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, Louisine Elder da iyalinta suka yi tafiya zuwa Turai na tsawon shekaru uku. Sun tashi a ranar 25 ga Mayu, Shekara  ta 1873, a cikin jirgin ruwa na ''SS Calabria'', tare da danginsu na nesa, goggo Amanda McCready da danginta, da kuma 'yar uwar Mary Mapes Dodge, editan ''mujallar St. Nicholas'' kuma marubucin ''Hans Brinker; ko kuma Silver Skates'' .  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Weitzenhoffer|first1=Frances|title=The Havemeyers: Impressionism Comes to America|date=1986|publisher=Harry N. Abrams, Inc.|location=New York|isbn=0-8109-1096-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/havemeyersimpres00weit/page/20 20]|url=https://archive.org/details/havemeyersimpres00weit/page/20}}&lt;/ref&gt;'Yar uwar Mary Mapes Dodge Sophie Mapes Tolles tana zaune a Paris tare da kawarta [[Emily Sartain]], tana karatun fasaha a cikin gidan cin abinci na Evariste Luminais da kuma shiga cikin ''shirin'' Mme. Del Sarte, bazawara ga François Del Sarte, malamin da ya shahara a fannin fasahar bayyana abubuwa. Louisine da 'yar uwarta Addie sun haɗu da Sophie Mapes Tolles da Emily Sartain a cikin jirgin a cikin shirin Mme. Del Sarte, kuma a wannan lokacin ne Sartain ta gabatar da Louisine ga Mary Cassatt .  'Yan uwan Philadelphia, Cassatt da Sartain sun yi karatu tare a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Pennsylvania a farkon shekarun 1860 kuma sun yi tafiya tare zuwa Turai tare a kaka ta 1871.  A wannan lokacin, Mary Cassatt ta ɗauki Louisine Elder a ƙarƙashin fikafikanta, ta zama mai ba da shawara kuma ta ƙarfafa ta ta yi siyayyar fasaha ta farko, ta Edgar Degas.  Yayin da lokaci ya shuɗe, musamman bayan Louisine ta auri Henry O. Havemeyer, Cassatt ta zama mai ba da shawara ga Havemeyers, tana taimakawa wajen gina tarin fasaharsu da kuma sauƙaƙe dangantakar aiki da za su yi da [[Zanen Ra'ayi|Impressionist Artists]], ciki har da Edgar Degas, Édouard Manet, Camille Pissarro da [[Claude Monet]] . Abota ta tsawon rai ta haɗu tsakanin Louisine Havemeyer da Mary Cassatt, waɗanda daga baya suka yi pastels da yawa na Louisine da 'ya'yanta.

=== Tarin zane-zane ===
Tare da mijinta, Louisine za ta gina mafi kyawun tarin zane-zane a Amurka. Gidanta mai hawa uku a Fifth Avenue da East 66th Street a New York ya cika da mafi kyawun misalai na ayyukan Manet, El Greco, Rembrandt, da Corot . Louis Comfort Tiffany da Samuel Colman sun yi wa gidan ado a tsakanin  Shekara ta 1889 Zuwa 1890, waɗanda suka sanya shi wuri mai kyau don tarin kayan tarihi daban-daban masu mahimmanci na mai gidansu.  Henry Clay Frick, JP Morgan, da Mrs. Isabella Stewart Gardner suna cikin masu tattara kayan tarihi waɗanda Mr. da Mrs. Havemeyer za su sani kuma su yi gasa da su.

=== Rayuwar iyali ===
A ranar 22 ga Agusta, Shekarar 1883, shekaru goma bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, Louisine ta auri Henry O. Havemeyer na Kamfanin Refining Sugar na Amurka .

Louisine da Henry Osborne suna da 'ya'ya uku:

* Adaline Havemeyer, wacce aka fi sani da Mrs. Peter HB Frelinghuysen &amp;#x2014; (1884–1963)
* Horace Havemeyer &amp;#x2014; (1886–1956)
* Electra Havemeyer, wanda aka fi sani da Mrs. James Watson Webb &amp;#x2014; (1888–1960)

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; ''(Kafin aurensa da Louisine, Henry ya auri goggon Louisine Mary Louise Elder (1847–1897'' ''), amma wannan auren ya ƙare da saki.)''

== Gado ==
Baya ga matsayinta na farko kuma mai mahimmanci wajen tattara zane-zanen Impressionist, Louisine Havemeyer ta kasance mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata.
[[Fayil:Louisine_havemeyer_prison_special.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Jami'in 'yan sanda a Syracuse yana maraba da Louisine Havemeyer a lokacin da aka kawo Jami'ar Musamman ta Fursunoni a shekarar 1919.]]

=== Mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a ===
Bayan mutuwar mijinta a shekarar 1907, Mrs. Havemeyer ta mayar da hankalinta kan [[Zaɓen Mata|fafutukar mata ta zaɓe]] . A shekarar 1912 ta ba da rancen tarin kayanta na fasaha ga Knoedler 's Gallery da ke New York don tara kuɗi don wannan manufa. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pollock2013&quot; /&gt; A shekarar 1913, ta kafa [[Jam'iyyar Mata ta Kasa|Jam'iyyar Mata ta Ƙasa]] tare da mai ra'ayin mazan jiya [[Alice Paul]] . (A da an san ƙungiyar da &quot;Congressal Union for Women Suffrage&quot;.) Ta maimaita baje kolin fasahar tara kuɗi a Knoedler's a shekarar 1915. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pollock2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Griselda Pollock}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tare da tallafin kuɗi daga Mrs. Havemeyer da wasu irinta, Ms. Paul ta ƙaddamar da jerin zanga-zangar da ke ƙara tayar da hankali waɗanda ke tayar da hankalin 'yancin zaɓe. Kokarin da Paul ya fi shahara shi ne na 1913 National Suffrage Parade, wanda ya haifar da tarzoma a jajibirin rantsar da Shugaba Woodrow Wilson na farko, kuma a matsayinta na memba na Silent Sentinels, zanga-zangar yaƙi a Fadar White House. A lokacin na ƙarshe, Paul ya yi amfani da wasu sassan jawabin Shugaban ƙasa da ke shelar kare dimokuraɗiyya a Turai wanda ta kwatanta da hana 'yanci ga matan Amurka. Lokacin da aka daure ta saboda toshe zirga-zirga a shekarar 1917, yunwa ta kama ta, wanda ya kawo matsin lamba mai yawa ga Majalisa da Gwamnatin Wilson. An yi muhawara kan Kwaskwarima ta Sha Tara, wadda ta faɗaɗa haƙƙin zaɓe ga mata, Majalisa ta yi muhawara a kai, ta sami ƙuri'u 2/3 da ake buƙata a shekarar 1919, an aika ta zuwa jihohi don amincewa, kuma ta sami 3/4 na jihohi da suka amince da ita a shekarar 1920.

Louisine Havemeyer ta zama fitacciyar mai rajin kare haƙƙin jama'a, inda ta buga labarai biyu game da aikinta na wannan manufa a cikin Mujallar Scribner . Na farko, mai taken &quot;The Prison Special: Memories of a Military&quot;, ya bayyana a watan Mayu  Shekara  ta 1922, ɗayan kuma, &quot;The Suffrage Torch: Memories of a Military&quot; ya bayyana a watan Yuni a wannan shekarar. A cikin 1912 da 1915, Mrs. Havemeyer ta shirya nune-nunen ayyukan fasaha daga tarin kayanta a Knoedler Gallery don tara kuɗi don tallafawa ƙoƙarin zaɓe. Ta halarci zanga-zangar, abin da ya ɓata wa 'ya'yanta rai. , a kan sanannen titin Fifth Avenue na New York kuma ya yi wa masu sauraro jawabi a ɗakin tsaye kawai a Carnegie Hall bayan kammala rangadin jawabi a duk faɗin ƙasar. Wani sanannen hoton Mrs. Havemeyer ya nuna ta da tocilar lantarki, irin ta Statue of Liberty, tare da sauran fitattun masu ra'ayin 'yancin zaɓe. Yunkurinta na ƙona wani mutum-mutumin Shugaba Wilson a wajen Fadar White House a shekarar 1919 ya jawo hankalin ƙasa.

Bayan tsawon lokaci na rashin lafiya, Mrs. Havemeyer ta mutu a shekarar 1929. An binne Mrs. Havemeyer a Makabartar Green-Wood da ke Brooklyn, [[New York (jiha)|New York]] . Wa'adin wasiyyarta ya bar wasu zane-zane da aka zaɓa ga Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan da ke birnin New York. Wa'adin ƙarshe, wanda ya samu ta hanyar karimcin 'ya'yanta, ya haɗa da ayyukan da suka wadatar da kusan kowane ɓangare na tarin kayan tarihin.

Ana nuna kayan ado da yawa na Tiffany daga gidanta na Fifth Avenue, gami da wani kyakkyawan kayan ado na peacock mantelpie, da kuma chandelier na dindindin a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Jami'ar Michigan . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani ɓangare na ɗakin kayan daki na ɗakin kiɗa yana nan a Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gadon iyali ===
'Ya'yan Louisine za su ci gaba da ginawa a kan gadon iyalansu a matsayin masu tattara zane-zane. 'Yar Louisine Electra Havemeyer Webb ta tattara zane-zane da sassaka na Amurka da suka taimaka wajen kafa Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne . Gidan Tarihi yana nuna &quot;tarin tarin abubuwa&quot; a cikin kyawawan misalai na gidajen Amurka na farko da gine-ginen jama'a; shago na gabaɗaya, gidan taro, ɗakin katako, har ma da jirgin ruwa mai tururi a filin. Jikan jikan ta, John Wilmerding, sanannen farfesa ne na fasaha, mai tattarawa, da mai kula da shi, kuma an fi saninta a matsayin marubuciya mai hazaka a fannin littattafai kan fasahar Amurka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'Yarta Adaline da ɗanta Horace Havemeyer, da jikoki Horace Havemeyer, Jr. da Harry W. Havemeyer sun ba da ayyuka da yawa daga Vermeer, [[Francisco Goya|Goya]], Corot, Manet, da sauransu ga Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Zane-zanen da aka ba wa Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
!image
!title
!painter
!date
!accession number
!The Met url
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_van_Rijn_Harmen_Doomer_circa_1640.jpg|center|174x174px]]
|''Portrait of Herman Doomer''
|Rembrandt
|1640
|29.100.1
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437392 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jacob_Adriaensz_Backer_-_Portrait_of_an_Old_Woman_-_MET_29.100.2.jpg|center|150x150px]]
|Portrait of an Old Woman
|Jacob Adriaensz Backer
|1640s
|29.100.2
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435597 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_Man,_probably_a_Member_of_the_Van_Beresteyn_Family.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|Portrait of a Man, probably a Member of the Van Beresteyn Family
|Rembrandt
|1632
|29.100.3
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437386 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:R063b_Metropoliten.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|Portrait of a Woman, probably a Member of the Van Beresteyn Family
|Rembrandt
|1632
|29.100.4
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437388 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Cardinal_Fernando_Niño_de_Guevara_(1541–1609)_MET_DT854.jpg|center|200x200px]]
|''Cardinal Fernando Niño de Guevara''
|El Greco
|1600
|29.100.5
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436573 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:View_of_Toledo_MET_DP349564.jpg|center|145x145px]]
|''View of Toledo''
|El Greco
|1596
|29.100.6
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436575 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pieter_de_Hooch_-_The_Visit_-_WGA11684.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''The Visit''
|Pieter de Hooch
|1657
|29.100.7
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436678 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Frans_Hals_-_Petrus_Scriverius.jpg|center|177x177px]]
|''Portrait of Petrus Scriverius''
|Frans Hals
|1626
|29.100.8
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436619 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Frans_Hals_-_Anna_van_der_Aar.jpg|center|171x171px]]
|''Portrait of Anna van der Aar''
|Frans Hals
|1626
|29.100.9
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436618 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Majas_on_Balcony_by_follower_of_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg|center|197x197px]]
|''Majas on a Balcony''
|[[Francisco Goya|Francisco de Goya]]
|1808
|29.100.10
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436548 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:María_Luisa_of_Parma_(1751–1819),_Queen_of_Spain_MET_ep29.100.11.bw.R.jpg|center|167x167px]]
|''María Luisa of Parma (1751–1819), Queen of Spain''
|Copy after Goya
|1900s
|29.100.11
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436552 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Eugenio_Lucas_Velázquez_-_A_City_on_a_Rock.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''A City on a Rock''
|Style of Goya
|1900s
|29.100.12
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436553 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Saint_Cecilia_MET_ep29.100.14.bw.R.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Saint Cecilia''
|Abraham van Diepenbeeck
|1700s
|29.100.14
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436198 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Hugo_van_der_Goes_007.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Hugo van der Goes
|
|29.100.15
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436521 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bronzino_(Agnolo_di_Cosimo_di_Mariano)_-_Portrait_of_a_Young_Man_-_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg|center|162x162px]]
|''Portrait of a Young Man with a Book''
|[[Bronzino]]
|1540
|29.100.16
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435802 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Botticelli - Madonna and Child with Two Angels (Met).jpg|center|182x182px]]
|''Madonna and Child with Two Angels''
|Botticelli
|1500s
|29.100.17
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435730 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Burning_of_Sodom_(formerly_&quot;The_Destruction_of_Sodom&quot;)_MET_DT2014.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Burning of Sodom''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1850s
|29.100.18
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435967 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Camille_Corot_-_Bacchante_by_the_Sea_-_1865.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Bacchante by the Sea''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1860&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1865
|29.100.19
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435963 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Orpheus_and_Eurydice_MET_ep29.100.20.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Orpheus and Eurydice''
|painting in the manner of Nicolas Poussin
|
|29.100.20
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437331 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mercury_and_Battus_MET_DT1985.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Mercury and Battus''
|Francisque Millet
|
|29.100.21
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437093 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_DP365508.jpg|center|145x145px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Corneille de Lyon
|1540
|29.100.22
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435951 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jean-Auguste-Dominique_Ingres_-_Joseph-Antoine_Moltedo_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|163x163px]]
|''Joseph-Antoine Moltedo''
|Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres
|1810
|29.100.23
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/438818 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Lucas_Cranach_d.Ä._-_Bildnis_eines_Mannes_mit_Rosenkranz.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Portrait of a Man with a Rosary''
|[[Lucas Cranach Dattijon|Lucas Cranach the Elder]]
|
|29.100.24
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436040 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Degas_-_Dancers_Practicing_at_the_Bar.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''Dancers Practicing at the Barre''
|Edgar Degas
|1877
|29.100.34
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436139 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Germain_Hilaire_Degas_017.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Woman Having Her Hair Combed''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.35
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436173 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Drying Her Foot''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.36
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436172 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman with a Towel''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.37
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436128 MET]
|-
|
|''At the Milliner's''
|Edgar Degas
|1882
|29.100.38
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436126 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Germain_Hilaire_Degas_009.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Rehearsal Onstage''
|Edgar Degas
|1874
|29.100.39
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436156 MET]
|-
|
|''The Artist's Cousin, Probably Mrs. William Bell (Mathilde Musson, 1841–1878)''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.40
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436124 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Bathing in a Shallow Tub''
|Edgar Degas
|1885
|29.100.41
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436127 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Dancers,_Pink_and_Green_MET_DT1853.jpg|center|139x139px]]
|''Dancers, Pink and Green''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.42
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436140 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Sulking_MET_DT1918.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Sulking''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.43
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436162 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Collector_of_Prints_MET_DT1920.jpg|center|168x168px]]
|''The Collector of Prints''
|Edgar Degas
|1866
|29.100.44
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436122 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Degas_-_Madame_Théodore_Gobillard,_née_Yves_Morisot.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Madame Théodore Gobillard (Yves Morisot, 1838–1893)''
|Edgar Degas
|1869
|29.100.45
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436149 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:A_Woman_Ironing_MET_DT1910.jpg|center|176x176px]]
|''A Woman Ironing''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.46
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436174 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Cassat1.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Mother and Child (The Oval Mirror)''
|Mary Cassatt
|
|29.100.47
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/10401 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Young_Mother_Sewing_MET_DP139632.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Young Mother Sewing''
|Mary Cassatt
|1900
|29.100.48
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/10425 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Le_Christ_mort_et_les_anges.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''The Dead Christ with Angels''
|Édouard Manet
|1864
|29.100.51
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436950 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:A_Matador_MET_DT1933.jpg|center|192x192px]]
|''A Matador''
|Édouard Manet
|1866&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1867
|29.100.52
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436960 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mademoiselle_V._._._in_the_Costume_of_an_Espada_MET_DT859.jpg|center|165x165px]]
|''Mademoiselle V. . . in the Costume of an Espada''
|Édouard Manet
|1862
|29.100.53
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436945 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jeune_Homme_en_costume_de_majo_(1863)_-_Edouard_Manet_(MET,_New_York).jpg|center|192x192px]]
|''Young man in Mayo costume''
|Édouard Manet
|1863
|29.100.54
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/438819 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edouard_Manet_Georges_Moore.jpg|center|203x203px]]
|''George Moore (1852–1933)''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.55
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436953 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Jeune_Fille_à_la_Rose.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Mademoiselle Isabelle Lemonnier (1857–1926)''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.56
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436958 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Woman_with_a_Parrot_MET_DT43.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Woman with a Parrot''
|Gustave Courbet
|1866
|29.100.57
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436002 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_La_Font_(1862).jpg|center|208x208px]]
|''The Source''
|Gustave Courbet
|1862
|29.100.58
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436022 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Woman_in_a_Riding_Habit_(L'Amazone)_MET_DT2147.jpg|center|165x165px]]
|''Woman in a Riding Habit (L'Amazone)''
|Gustave Courbet
|1856
|29.100.59
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436024 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Nude_with_Flowering_Branch_MET_ep29.100.60.bw.R.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Nude with Flowering Branch''
|Gustave Courbet
|1863
|29.100.60
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436018 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:After_the_Hunt_MET_DT1963.jpg|center|162x162px]]
|''After the Hunt''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.61
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436007 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Woman_in_the_Waves_MET_DT887.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''The Woman in the Waves''
|Gustave Courbet
|1868
|29.100.62
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436004 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Jo,_la_belle_Irlandaise_(MET-Museum).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Jo, La Belle Irlandaise''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.63
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436001 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_-_Mont_Sainte-Victoire_and_the_Viaduct_of_the_Arc_River_Valley_(Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Mont Sainte-Victoire and the Viaduct of the Arc River Valley''
|Paul Cézanne
|1882
|29.100.64
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435877 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:L'Homme_au_chapeau_de_paille,_par_Paul_Cézanne.jpg|center|185x185px]]
|''Gustave Boyer (b. 1840) in a Straw Hat''
|Paul Cézanne
|
|29.100.65
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435873 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_-_Still_Life_with_Jar,_Cup,_and_Apples.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Still Life with Jar, Cup, and Apples''
|Paul Cézanne
|1877s
|29.100.66
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435884 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cezanne,_The_Gulf_of_Marseilles_Seen_from_L'Estaque,_c1885.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Gulf of Marseilles Seen from L'Estaque''
|Paul Cézanne
|1885
|29.100.67
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435872 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_man_in_a_gorget_holding_a_plumed_hat.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man with a Breastplate and Plumed Hat''
|Rembrandt
|1640s
|29.100.102
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437410 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_woman_holding_a_fan_and_the_back_of_a_chair.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman''
|Rembrandt&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ferdinand Bol&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jan Victors
|1640s
|29.100.103
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437409 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Woman_MET_ep29.100.104.bw.R.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman''
|Francesco Montemezzano
|
|29.100.104
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437146 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art,_Veronese,_Boy_with_a_Greyhound-2.jpg|center|215x215px]]
|''Boy with a Greyhound''
|Paolo Veronese
|
|29.100.105
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437890 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Chrysanthemums_(Monet).JPG|center|155x155px]]
|''Chrysanthemums''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1882
|29.100.106
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437115 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_052.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Bouquet of Sunflowers''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1881
|29.100.107
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437112 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Ice_Floes_MET_DT2158.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Ice Floes''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1893
|29.100.108
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437123 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_(French,_Paris_1840–1926_Giverny)_-_Haystacks_(Effect_of_Snow_and_Sun)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Haystacks (Effect of Snow and Sun)''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1891
|29.100.109
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437122 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:1891_Monet_The_four_trees_anagoria.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''The Four Trees''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1891
|29.100.110
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437121 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_-_La_Vague_Verte.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Green Wave''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|
|29.100.111
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437105 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:La_Grenouillère_MET_DT833.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''La Grenouillère''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1869
|29.100.112
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437135 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bridge_Over_a_Pond_of_Water_Lilies,_Claude_Monet_1899.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Bridge over a Pond of Water Lilies''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1899
|29.100.113
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437127 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Copy_after_Delacroix's_&quot;Bark_of_Dante&quot;_MET_DT2005.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Copy after Delacroix's &quot;Bark of Dante&quot;''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.114
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436949 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edouard_Manet_Boating.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Boating''
|Édouard Manet
|1874
|29.100.115
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436947 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Allegory_of_the_Sorbonne_MET_ep29.100.117.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Allegory of the Sorbonne''
|Pierre Puvis de Chavannes
|1889
|29.100.117
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437343 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Madame_de_Brayer_MET_DT1974.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|''Madame de Brayer''
|Gustave Courbet
|1858
|29.100.118
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436000 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Woman,_Called_Héloïse_Abélard_MET_ep29.100.119.bw.R.jpg|center|151x151px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman, Called Héloïse Abélard''
|Style of Gustave Courbet
|1900s
|29.100.119
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436028 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Monsieur_Suisse.jpg|center|156x156px]]
|''Charles Suisse''
|Gustave Courbet
|1861
|29.100.120
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436017 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Spring_Flowers_MET_ep29.100.121.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Spring Flowers''
|Copy after Gustave Courbet
|1855
|29.100.121
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436026 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Source_of_the_Loue_MET_DT1964.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Source of the Loue''
|Gustave Courbet
|1864
|29.100.122
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436023 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Apples_MET_ep29.100.123.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Apples''
|painting in the style of Gustave Courbet
|1900s
|29.100.123
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436027 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Young_Bather.jpg|center|171x171px]]
|''The Young Bather''
|Gustave Courbet
|1866
|29.100.124
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436003 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_By_the_Seashore.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''By the Seashore''
|Pierre-Auguste Renoir
|1883
|29.100.125
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437430 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pissarro_-_Bather_in_the_Woods.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''Bather in the Woods''
|Camille Pissarro
|1895
|29.100.126
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437306 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Dancers_in_the_Rehearsal_Room_with_a_Double_Bass_MET_DP275510.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Dancers in the Rehearsal Room with a Double Bass''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.127
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436138 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Degas,_A_Woman_Seated_beside_a_Vase_of_Flowers_(Madame_Paul_Valpinçon).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''A Woman Seated beside a Vase of Flowers''
|Edgar Degas
|1865
|29.100.128
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436121 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Honoré_Daumier_(French,_Marseilles_1808–1879_Valmondois)_-_The_Third-Class_Carriage_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Third-Class Carriage''
|Honoré Daumier
|1862
|29.100.129
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436095 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Madame_Auguste_Cuoq_(Mathilde_Desportes,_1827–1910)_MET_DT1960.jpg|center|209x209px]]
|''Madame Auguste Cuoq (Mathilde Desportes, 1827–1910)''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.130
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436016 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Eugène_Delacroix_-_Christ_Endormi_pendant_la_Tempête.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Christ Asleep during the Tempest''
|Eugène Delacroix
|
|29.100.131
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436176 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Alphonse_Promayet.jpg|center|190x190px]]
|''Alphonse Promayet (1822–1872)''
|Gustave Courbet
|1851
|29.100.132
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436008 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_ep29.100.179.bw.R.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Gaspare Traversi
|1800s
|29.100.179
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437843 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_Narcisa_Baranana_y_Goicoechea_by_Goya.jpg|center|185x185px]]
|''Narcisa Barañana de Goicoechea''
|[[Francisco Goya|Francisco de Goya y Lucientes]]
|1815
|29.100.180
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436547 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Joseph-Henri_Altès_(1826–1895)_MET_DT204709.jpg|center|159x159px]]
|''Joseph-Henri Altès (1826–1895)''
|Edgar Degas
|1868
|29.100.181
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436145 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mademoiselle_Marie_Dihau_(1843–1935)_MET_DT267444.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''[[Marie Dihau]] (1843–1935)''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.182
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436150 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Young_Woman_MET_DT297552.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''Portrait of a Young Woman''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.183
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436153 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Degas_-_Chasse_de_danse.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Dancing Class''
|Edgar Degas
|1870s
|29.100.184
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436141 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman on a Sofa''
|Edgar Degas
|1875
|29.100.185
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436125 MET]
|-
|
|''Two Dancers''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.187
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436165 MET]
|-
|
|''Dancer with a Fan''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.188
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436135 MET]
|-
|
|''Two Dancers''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.189
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436166 MET]
|-
|
|''Bather Stepping into a Tub''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.190
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436131 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Camille_Corot_-_The_Muse_History,_1865.jpg|center|168x168px]]
|''The Muse: History''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1865
|29.100.193
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435978 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_062.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Rocks in the Forest''
|Paul Cézanne
|
|29.100.194
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435880 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Experts_MET_DT209332.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Experts''
|Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps
|1837
|29.100.196
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436114 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Corneille_de_Lyon_-_Anne_de_Pisseleu,_duchesse_d'Etampes_(huile_sur_bois,_1535-1540).jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Anne de Pisseleu (1508–1576), Duchesse d'Étampes''
|Corneille de Lyon
|
|29.100.197
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435945 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Man_with_a_Tankard_MET_DP143167.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Man with a Tankard''
|Style of Adriaen van Ostade
|1700s
|29.100.198
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437233 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Connoisseur_MET_DP211510.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''The Connoisseur''
|Honoré Daumier
|1862s
|29.100.200
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/333915 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_DT1968.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.201
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436019 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Ballet_from_&quot;Robert_le_Diable&quot;_MET_DT1911.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''The Ballet from &quot;Robert le Diable&quot;''
|Edgar Degas
|1871
|29.100.552
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436123 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Drying Her Arm''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.553
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436171 MET]
|-
|
|''Fan Mount: The Ballet''
|Edgar Degas
|1879
|29.100.554
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436143 MET]
|-
|
|''Fan Mount: Ballet Girls''
|Edgar Degas
|1879
|29.100.555
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436142 MET]
|-
|
|''Russian Dancer''
|Edgar Degas
|1899
|29.100.556
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436157 MET]
|-
|
|''Dancer with a Fan''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.557
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436136 MET]
|-
|
|''Three Dancers Preparing for Class''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.558
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436163 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Mademoiselle_Lucie_Delabigne.jpg|center|202x202px]]
|''Mademoiselle Lucie Delabigne (1859–1910), Called Valtesse de la Bigne''
|Édouard Manet
|1879
|29.100.561
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436959 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Girl_Weaving_a_Garland_MET_ep29.100.562.bw.R.jpg|center|182x182px]]
|''Girl Weaving a Garland''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.562
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435971 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Reverie_MET_DT2010.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Reverie''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.563
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435981 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Child_MET_DT872.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Portrait of a Child''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.564
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435980 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Sibylle_MET_DT883.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Sibylle''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1870s
|29.100.565
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435984 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Calm_Sea_MET_DT1973.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Calm Sea''
|Gustave Courbet
|1869
|29.100.566
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436005 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bacchante_in_a_Landscape_MET_ep29.100.598.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Bacchante in a Landscape''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1865
|29.100.598
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435965 MET]
|}

== Duba kuma ==

* Havemeyer

== Albarkatu ==

* Louisine Havemeyer.1993. ''Sha shida zuwa sittin: Abubuwan Tunawa na Mai Tarawa'' . New York: Ursus Press. 
* Louisine W. Havemeyer. 1922. ''Torch na Zaɓe: Tunawa da Masu Rubuce-rubucen 'Yan Ta'adda'' (Mayu), shafi na 1922.&amp;nbsp;528–538.
* Louisine W. Havemeyer. 1922. ''Muhimmin Littafin Kurkuku: Tunawa da Masu'' Rubuce-rubucen 'Yan Ta'adda (Yuni) shafi na 1922.&amp;nbsp;661–675.
* Alice Cooney Frelinghuysen. 1993. [https://books.google.com/books?id=5VUheKAVZ3QC&amp;pg=PA173 ''Gado Mai Kyau: Tarin Havemeyer''] New York: Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1855]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>bzfw5cm8nevsl2zu9qh82br7ch65sly</sha1>
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        <id>38856</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>/* Rayuwar iyali */</comment>
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[[Fayil:Cassatt_Electra_Havemeyer_and_mother.jpg|thumb|300x300px|''Louisine Havemeyer da 'yarta Electra,'' pastel ɗin da aka yi a takarda a shekarar 1895 ta Mary Cassatt . Tarin Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne]]
'''Louisine Waldron Elder Havemeyer''' (28 ga watan Yuli, a shekara ta alif 1855 - 6 ga Janairu, 1929) ta kasance mai tattara zane-zane, [[Feminism|mai kare hakkin mata]], kuma mai taimakon jama'a . Baya ga kasancewa mai kula da [[Zanen Ra'ayi|zane-zanen imprisonist]], ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu ba da gudummawa ga [[Zaɓen Mata|ƙungiyar zaɓe]] a Amurka. Mai zane-zanen imprisonist Edgar Degas da mai kare hakkin mata [[Alice Paul]] suna cikin shahararrun waɗanda suka sami goyon bayan wannan mai taimakon jama'a .

== Bayani ==
An haifi '''Louisine Waldron Elder''' a birnin New York a ranar 28 ga watan  Yuli, Shekara ta 1855, ga wani ɗan kasuwa George W. Elder ( A Shekara ta 1831 zuwa 1873) da matarsa, Matilda Adelaide Waldron (1834–1907). Ita ce ta biyu a cikin 'ya'ya huɗu: Anne Eliza Elder, daga baya Mrs. Henry Norcross Munn (1853–1917), Adaline Deliverance Mapes Elder, daga baya Mrs. Samuel Twyford Peters (1859–1943), da ɗan'uwa George Waldron Elder (1860–1916).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Wright|first1=Catharine Morris|title=Lady of the silver skates : the life and correspondence of Mary Mapes Dodge, 1830-1905|url=https://archive.org/details/ladyofsilverskat0000wrig|date=1979|publisher=Clingstone Press|location=Jamestown, R.I.|isbn=0-9602454-1-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/ladyofsilverskat0000wrig/page/77 77]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rayuwa a Paris ===
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, Louisine Elder da iyalinta suka yi tafiya zuwa Turai na tsawon shekaru uku. Sun tashi a ranar 25 ga Mayu, Shekara  ta 1873, a cikin jirgin ruwa na ''SS Calabria'', tare da danginsu na nesa, goggo Amanda McCready da danginta, da kuma 'yar uwar Mary Mapes Dodge, editan ''mujallar St. Nicholas'' kuma marubucin ''Hans Brinker; ko kuma Silver Skates'' .  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Weitzenhoffer|first1=Frances|title=The Havemeyers: Impressionism Comes to America|date=1986|publisher=Harry N. Abrams, Inc.|location=New York|isbn=0-8109-1096-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/havemeyersimpres00weit/page/20 20]|url=https://archive.org/details/havemeyersimpres00weit/page/20}}&lt;/ref&gt;'Yar uwar Mary Mapes Dodge Sophie Mapes Tolles tana zaune a Paris tare da kawarta [[Emily Sartain]], tana karatun fasaha a cikin gidan cin abinci na Evariste Luminais da kuma shiga cikin ''shirin'' Mme. Del Sarte, bazawara ga François Del Sarte, malamin da ya shahara a fannin fasahar bayyana abubuwa. Louisine da 'yar uwarta Addie sun haɗu da Sophie Mapes Tolles da Emily Sartain a cikin jirgin a cikin shirin Mme. Del Sarte, kuma a wannan lokacin ne Sartain ta gabatar da Louisine ga Mary Cassatt .  'Yan uwan Philadelphia, Cassatt da Sartain sun yi karatu tare a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Pennsylvania a farkon shekarun 1860 kuma sun yi tafiya tare zuwa Turai tare a kaka ta 1871.  A wannan lokacin, Mary Cassatt ta ɗauki Louisine Elder a ƙarƙashin fikafikanta, ta zama mai ba da shawara kuma ta ƙarfafa ta ta yi siyayyar fasaha ta farko, ta Edgar Degas.  Yayin da lokaci ya shuɗe, musamman bayan Louisine ta auri Henry O. Havemeyer, Cassatt ta zama mai ba da shawara ga Havemeyers, tana taimakawa wajen gina tarin fasaharsu da kuma sauƙaƙe dangantakar aiki da za su yi da [[Zanen Ra'ayi|Impressionist Artists]], ciki har da Edgar Degas, Édouard Manet, Camille Pissarro da [[Claude Monet]] . Abota ta tsawon rai ta haɗu tsakanin Louisine Havemeyer da Mary Cassatt, waɗanda daga baya suka yi pastels da yawa na Louisine da 'ya'yanta.

=== Tarin zane-zane ===
Tare da mijinta, Louisine za ta gina mafi kyawun tarin zane-zane a Amurka. Gidanta mai hawa uku a Fifth Avenue da East 66th Street a New York ya cika da mafi kyawun misalai na ayyukan Manet, El Greco, Rembrandt, da Corot . Louis Comfort Tiffany da Samuel Colman sun yi wa gidan ado a tsakanin  Shekara ta 1889 Zuwa 1890, waɗanda suka sanya shi wuri mai kyau don tarin kayan tarihi daban-daban masu mahimmanci na mai gidansu.  Henry Clay Frick, JP Morgan, da Mrs. Isabella Stewart Gardner suna cikin masu tattara kayan tarihi waɗanda Mr. da Mrs. Havemeyer za su sani kuma su yi gasa da su.

=== Rayuwar iyali ===
A ranar 22 ga watan Agusta, a Shekarar 1883, shekaru goma bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, Louisine ta auri Henry O. Havemeyer na Kamfanin Refining Sugar na Amurka .

Louisine da Henry Osborne suna da 'ya'ya uku:

* Adaline Havemeyer, wacce aka fi sani da Mrs. Peter HB Frelinghuysen &amp;#x2014; (1884–1963)
* Horace Havemeyer &amp;#x2014; (1886–1956)
* Electra Havemeyer, wanda aka fi sani da Mrs. James Watson Webb &amp;#x2014; (1888–1960)

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; ''(Kafin aurensa da Louisine, Henry ya auri goggon Louisine Mary Louise Elder (1847–1897'' ''), amma wannan auren ya ƙare da saki.)''

== Gado ==
Baya ga matsayinta na farko kuma mai mahimmanci wajen tattara zane-zanen Impressionist, Louisine Havemeyer ta kasance mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata.
[[Fayil:Louisine_havemeyer_prison_special.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Jami'in 'yan sanda a Syracuse yana maraba da Louisine Havemeyer a lokacin da aka kawo Jami'ar Musamman ta Fursunoni a shekarar 1919.]]

=== Mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a ===
Bayan mutuwar mijinta a shekarar 1907, Mrs. Havemeyer ta mayar da hankalinta kan [[Zaɓen Mata|fafutukar mata ta zaɓe]] . A shekarar 1912 ta ba da rancen tarin kayanta na fasaha ga Knoedler 's Gallery da ke New York don tara kuɗi don wannan manufa. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pollock2013&quot; /&gt; A shekarar 1913, ta kafa [[Jam'iyyar Mata ta Kasa|Jam'iyyar Mata ta Ƙasa]] tare da mai ra'ayin mazan jiya [[Alice Paul]] . (A da an san ƙungiyar da &quot;Congressal Union for Women Suffrage&quot;.) Ta maimaita baje kolin fasahar tara kuɗi a Knoedler's a shekarar 1915. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pollock2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Griselda Pollock}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tare da tallafin kuɗi daga Mrs. Havemeyer da wasu irinta, Ms. Paul ta ƙaddamar da jerin zanga-zangar da ke ƙara tayar da hankali waɗanda ke tayar da hankalin 'yancin zaɓe. Kokarin da Paul ya fi shahara shi ne na 1913 National Suffrage Parade, wanda ya haifar da tarzoma a jajibirin rantsar da Shugaba Woodrow Wilson na farko, kuma a matsayinta na memba na Silent Sentinels, zanga-zangar yaƙi a Fadar White House. A lokacin na ƙarshe, Paul ya yi amfani da wasu sassan jawabin Shugaban ƙasa da ke shelar kare dimokuraɗiyya a Turai wanda ta kwatanta da hana 'yanci ga matan Amurka. Lokacin da aka daure ta saboda toshe zirga-zirga a shekarar 1917, yunwa ta kama ta, wanda ya kawo matsin lamba mai yawa ga Majalisa da Gwamnatin Wilson. An yi muhawara kan Kwaskwarima ta Sha Tara, wadda ta faɗaɗa haƙƙin zaɓe ga mata, Majalisa ta yi muhawara a kai, ta sami ƙuri'u 2/3 da ake buƙata a shekarar 1919, an aika ta zuwa jihohi don amincewa, kuma ta sami 3/4 na jihohi da suka amince da ita a shekarar 1920.

Louisine Havemeyer ta zama fitacciyar mai rajin kare haƙƙin jama'a, inda ta buga labarai biyu game da aikinta na wannan manufa a cikin Mujallar Scribner . Na farko, mai taken &quot;The Prison Special: Memories of a Military&quot;, ya bayyana a watan Mayu  Shekara  ta 1922, ɗayan kuma, &quot;The Suffrage Torch: Memories of a Military&quot; ya bayyana a watan Yuni a wannan shekarar. A cikin 1912 da 1915, Mrs. Havemeyer ta shirya nune-nunen ayyukan fasaha daga tarin kayanta a Knoedler Gallery don tara kuɗi don tallafawa ƙoƙarin zaɓe. Ta halarci zanga-zangar, abin da ya ɓata wa 'ya'yanta rai. , a kan sanannen titin Fifth Avenue na New York kuma ya yi wa masu sauraro jawabi a ɗakin tsaye kawai a Carnegie Hall bayan kammala rangadin jawabi a duk faɗin ƙasar. Wani sanannen hoton Mrs. Havemeyer ya nuna ta da tocilar lantarki, irin ta Statue of Liberty, tare da sauran fitattun masu ra'ayin 'yancin zaɓe. Yunkurinta na ƙona wani mutum-mutumin Shugaba Wilson a wajen Fadar White House a shekarar 1919 ya jawo hankalin ƙasa.

Bayan tsawon lokaci na rashin lafiya, Mrs. Havemeyer ta mutu a shekarar 1929. An binne Mrs. Havemeyer a Makabartar Green-Wood da ke Brooklyn, [[New York (jiha)|New York]] . Wa'adin wasiyyarta ya bar wasu zane-zane da aka zaɓa ga Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan da ke birnin New York. Wa'adin ƙarshe, wanda ya samu ta hanyar karimcin 'ya'yanta, ya haɗa da ayyukan da suka wadatar da kusan kowane ɓangare na tarin kayan tarihin.

Ana nuna kayan ado da yawa na Tiffany daga gidanta na Fifth Avenue, gami da wani kyakkyawan kayan ado na peacock mantelpie, da kuma chandelier na dindindin a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Jami'ar Michigan . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani ɓangare na ɗakin kayan daki na ɗakin kiɗa yana nan a Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gadon iyali ===
'Ya'yan Louisine za su ci gaba da ginawa a kan gadon iyalansu a matsayin masu tattara zane-zane. 'Yar Louisine Electra Havemeyer Webb ta tattara zane-zane da sassaka na Amurka da suka taimaka wajen kafa Gidan Tarihi na Shelburne . Gidan Tarihi yana nuna &quot;tarin tarin abubuwa&quot; a cikin kyawawan misalai na gidajen Amurka na farko da gine-ginen jama'a; shago na gabaɗaya, gidan taro, ɗakin katako, har ma da jirgin ruwa mai tururi a filin. Jikan jikan ta, John Wilmerding, sanannen farfesa ne na fasaha, mai tattarawa, da mai kula da shi, kuma an fi saninta a matsayin marubuciya mai hazaka a fannin littattafai kan fasahar Amurka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt; 'Yarta Adaline da ɗanta Horace Havemeyer, da jikoki Horace Havemeyer, Jr. da Harry W. Havemeyer sun ba da ayyuka da yawa daga Vermeer, [[Francisco Goya|Goya]], Corot, Manet, da sauransu ga Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Zane-zanen da aka ba wa Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
!image
!title
!painter
!date
!accession number
!The Met url
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_van_Rijn_Harmen_Doomer_circa_1640.jpg|center|174x174px]]
|''Portrait of Herman Doomer''
|Rembrandt
|1640
|29.100.1
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437392 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jacob_Adriaensz_Backer_-_Portrait_of_an_Old_Woman_-_MET_29.100.2.jpg|center|150x150px]]
|Portrait of an Old Woman
|Jacob Adriaensz Backer
|1640s
|29.100.2
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435597 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_Man,_probably_a_Member_of_the_Van_Beresteyn_Family.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|Portrait of a Man, probably a Member of the Van Beresteyn Family
|Rembrandt
|1632
|29.100.3
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437386 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:R063b_Metropoliten.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|Portrait of a Woman, probably a Member of the Van Beresteyn Family
|Rembrandt
|1632
|29.100.4
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437388 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Cardinal_Fernando_Niño_de_Guevara_(1541–1609)_MET_DT854.jpg|center|200x200px]]
|''Cardinal Fernando Niño de Guevara''
|El Greco
|1600
|29.100.5
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436573 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:View_of_Toledo_MET_DP349564.jpg|center|145x145px]]
|''View of Toledo''
|El Greco
|1596
|29.100.6
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436575 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pieter_de_Hooch_-_The_Visit_-_WGA11684.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''The Visit''
|Pieter de Hooch
|1657
|29.100.7
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436678 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Frans_Hals_-_Petrus_Scriverius.jpg|center|177x177px]]
|''Portrait of Petrus Scriverius''
|Frans Hals
|1626
|29.100.8
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436619 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Frans_Hals_-_Anna_van_der_Aar.jpg|center|171x171px]]
|''Portrait of Anna van der Aar''
|Frans Hals
|1626
|29.100.9
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436618 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Majas_on_Balcony_by_follower_of_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg|center|197x197px]]
|''Majas on a Balcony''
|[[Francisco Goya|Francisco de Goya]]
|1808
|29.100.10
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436548 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:María_Luisa_of_Parma_(1751–1819),_Queen_of_Spain_MET_ep29.100.11.bw.R.jpg|center|167x167px]]
|''María Luisa of Parma (1751–1819), Queen of Spain''
|Copy after Goya
|1900s
|29.100.11
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436552 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Eugenio_Lucas_Velázquez_-_A_City_on_a_Rock.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''A City on a Rock''
|Style of Goya
|1900s
|29.100.12
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436553 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Saint_Cecilia_MET_ep29.100.14.bw.R.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Saint Cecilia''
|Abraham van Diepenbeeck
|1700s
|29.100.14
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436198 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Hugo_van_der_Goes_007.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Hugo van der Goes
|
|29.100.15
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436521 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bronzino_(Agnolo_di_Cosimo_di_Mariano)_-_Portrait_of_a_Young_Man_-_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg|center|162x162px]]
|''Portrait of a Young Man with a Book''
|[[Bronzino]]
|1540
|29.100.16
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435802 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Botticelli - Madonna and Child with Two Angels (Met).jpg|center|182x182px]]
|''Madonna and Child with Two Angels''
|Botticelli
|1500s
|29.100.17
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435730 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Burning_of_Sodom_(formerly_&quot;The_Destruction_of_Sodom&quot;)_MET_DT2014.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Burning of Sodom''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1850s
|29.100.18
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435967 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Camille_Corot_-_Bacchante_by_the_Sea_-_1865.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Bacchante by the Sea''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1860&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1865
|29.100.19
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435963 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Orpheus_and_Eurydice_MET_ep29.100.20.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Orpheus and Eurydice''
|painting in the manner of Nicolas Poussin
|
|29.100.20
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437331 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mercury_and_Battus_MET_DT1985.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Mercury and Battus''
|Francisque Millet
|
|29.100.21
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437093 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_DP365508.jpg|center|145x145px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Corneille de Lyon
|1540
|29.100.22
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435951 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jean-Auguste-Dominique_Ingres_-_Joseph-Antoine_Moltedo_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|163x163px]]
|''Joseph-Antoine Moltedo''
|Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres
|1810
|29.100.23
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/438818 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Lucas_Cranach_d.Ä._-_Bildnis_eines_Mannes_mit_Rosenkranz.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Portrait of a Man with a Rosary''
|[[Lucas Cranach Dattijon|Lucas Cranach the Elder]]
|
|29.100.24
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436040 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Degas_-_Dancers_Practicing_at_the_Bar.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''Dancers Practicing at the Barre''
|Edgar Degas
|1877
|29.100.34
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436139 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Germain_Hilaire_Degas_017.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Woman Having Her Hair Combed''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.35
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436173 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Drying Her Foot''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.36
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436172 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman with a Towel''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.37
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436128 MET]
|-
|
|''At the Milliner's''
|Edgar Degas
|1882
|29.100.38
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436126 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Germain_Hilaire_Degas_009.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Rehearsal Onstage''
|Edgar Degas
|1874
|29.100.39
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436156 MET]
|-
|
|''The Artist's Cousin, Probably Mrs. William Bell (Mathilde Musson, 1841–1878)''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.40
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436124 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Bathing in a Shallow Tub''
|Edgar Degas
|1885
|29.100.41
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436127 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Dancers,_Pink_and_Green_MET_DT1853.jpg|center|139x139px]]
|''Dancers, Pink and Green''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.42
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436140 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Sulking_MET_DT1918.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Sulking''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.43
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436162 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Collector_of_Prints_MET_DT1920.jpg|center|168x168px]]
|''The Collector of Prints''
|Edgar Degas
|1866
|29.100.44
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436122 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Degas_-_Madame_Théodore_Gobillard,_née_Yves_Morisot.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Madame Théodore Gobillard (Yves Morisot, 1838–1893)''
|Edgar Degas
|1869
|29.100.45
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436149 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:A_Woman_Ironing_MET_DT1910.jpg|center|176x176px]]
|''A Woman Ironing''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.46
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436174 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Cassat1.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Mother and Child (The Oval Mirror)''
|Mary Cassatt
|
|29.100.47
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/10401 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Young_Mother_Sewing_MET_DP139632.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Young Mother Sewing''
|Mary Cassatt
|1900
|29.100.48
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/10425 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Le_Christ_mort_et_les_anges.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''The Dead Christ with Angels''
|Édouard Manet
|1864
|29.100.51
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436950 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:A_Matador_MET_DT1933.jpg|center|192x192px]]
|''A Matador''
|Édouard Manet
|1866&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1867
|29.100.52
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436960 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mademoiselle_V._._._in_the_Costume_of_an_Espada_MET_DT859.jpg|center|165x165px]]
|''Mademoiselle V. . . in the Costume of an Espada''
|Édouard Manet
|1862
|29.100.53
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436945 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Jeune_Homme_en_costume_de_majo_(1863)_-_Edouard_Manet_(MET,_New_York).jpg|center|192x192px]]
|''Young man in Mayo costume''
|Édouard Manet
|1863
|29.100.54
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/438819 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edouard_Manet_Georges_Moore.jpg|center|203x203px]]
|''George Moore (1852–1933)''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.55
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436953 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Jeune_Fille_à_la_Rose.jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Mademoiselle Isabelle Lemonnier (1857–1926)''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.56
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436958 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Woman_with_a_Parrot_MET_DT43.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Woman with a Parrot''
|Gustave Courbet
|1866
|29.100.57
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436002 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_La_Font_(1862).jpg|center|208x208px]]
|''The Source''
|Gustave Courbet
|1862
|29.100.58
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436022 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Woman_in_a_Riding_Habit_(L'Amazone)_MET_DT2147.jpg|center|165x165px]]
|''Woman in a Riding Habit (L'Amazone)''
|Gustave Courbet
|1856
|29.100.59
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436024 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Nude_with_Flowering_Branch_MET_ep29.100.60.bw.R.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Nude with Flowering Branch''
|Gustave Courbet
|1863
|29.100.60
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436018 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:After_the_Hunt_MET_DT1963.jpg|center|162x162px]]
|''After the Hunt''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.61
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436007 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Woman_in_the_Waves_MET_DT887.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''The Woman in the Waves''
|Gustave Courbet
|1868
|29.100.62
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436004 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Jo,_la_belle_Irlandaise_(MET-Museum).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Jo, La Belle Irlandaise''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.63
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436001 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_-_Mont_Sainte-Victoire_and_the_Viaduct_of_the_Arc_River_Valley_(Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Mont Sainte-Victoire and the Viaduct of the Arc River Valley''
|Paul Cézanne
|1882
|29.100.64
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435877 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:L'Homme_au_chapeau_de_paille,_par_Paul_Cézanne.jpg|center|185x185px]]
|''Gustave Boyer (b. 1840) in a Straw Hat''
|Paul Cézanne
|
|29.100.65
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435873 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_-_Still_Life_with_Jar,_Cup,_and_Apples.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Still Life with Jar, Cup, and Apples''
|Paul Cézanne
|1877s
|29.100.66
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435884 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cezanne,_The_Gulf_of_Marseilles_Seen_from_L'Estaque,_c1885.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Gulf of Marseilles Seen from L'Estaque''
|Paul Cézanne
|1885
|29.100.67
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435872 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_man_in_a_gorget_holding_a_plumed_hat.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man with a Breastplate and Plumed Hat''
|Rembrandt
|1640s
|29.100.102
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437410 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Rembrandt_-_Portrait_of_a_woman_holding_a_fan_and_the_back_of_a_chair.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman''
|Rembrandt&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ferdinand Bol&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jan Victors
|1640s
|29.100.103
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437409 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Woman_MET_ep29.100.104.bw.R.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman''
|Francesco Montemezzano
|
|29.100.104
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437146 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art,_Veronese,_Boy_with_a_Greyhound-2.jpg|center|215x215px]]
|''Boy with a Greyhound''
|Paolo Veronese
|
|29.100.105
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437890 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Chrysanthemums_(Monet).JPG|center|155x155px]]
|''Chrysanthemums''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1882
|29.100.106
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437115 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_052.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Bouquet of Sunflowers''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1881
|29.100.107
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437112 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Ice_Floes_MET_DT2158.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Ice Floes''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1893
|29.100.108
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437123 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_(French,_Paris_1840–1926_Giverny)_-_Haystacks_(Effect_of_Snow_and_Sun)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Haystacks (Effect of Snow and Sun)''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1891
|29.100.109
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437122 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:1891_Monet_The_four_trees_anagoria.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''The Four Trees''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1891
|29.100.110
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437121 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Claude_Monet_-_La_Vague_Verte.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Green Wave''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|
|29.100.111
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437105 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:La_Grenouillère_MET_DT833.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''La Grenouillère''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1869
|29.100.112
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437135 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bridge_Over_a_Pond_of_Water_Lilies,_Claude_Monet_1899.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Bridge over a Pond of Water Lilies''
|[[Claude Monet]]
|1899
|29.100.113
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437127 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Copy_after_Delacroix's_&quot;Bark_of_Dante&quot;_MET_DT2005.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Copy after Delacroix's &quot;Bark of Dante&quot;''
|Édouard Manet
|
|29.100.114
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436949 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edouard_Manet_Boating.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Boating''
|Édouard Manet
|1874
|29.100.115
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436947 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Allegory_of_the_Sorbonne_MET_ep29.100.117.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Allegory of the Sorbonne''
|Pierre Puvis de Chavannes
|1889
|29.100.117
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437343 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Madame_de_Brayer_MET_DT1974.jpg|center|161x161px]]
|''Madame de Brayer''
|Gustave Courbet
|1858
|29.100.118
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436000 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Woman,_Called_Héloïse_Abélard_MET_ep29.100.119.bw.R.jpg|center|151x151px]]
|''Portrait of a Woman, Called Héloïse Abélard''
|Style of Gustave Courbet
|1900s
|29.100.119
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436028 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Monsieur_Suisse.jpg|center|156x156px]]
|''Charles Suisse''
|Gustave Courbet
|1861
|29.100.120
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436017 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Spring_Flowers_MET_ep29.100.121.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Spring Flowers''
|Copy after Gustave Courbet
|1855
|29.100.121
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436026 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Source_of_the_Loue_MET_DT1964.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Source of the Loue''
|Gustave Courbet
|1864
|29.100.122
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436023 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Apples_MET_ep29.100.123.bw.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Apples''
|painting in the style of Gustave Courbet
|1900s
|29.100.123
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436027 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Young_Bather.jpg|center|171x171px]]
|''The Young Bather''
|Gustave Courbet
|1866
|29.100.124
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436003 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_By_the_Seashore.jpg|center|154x154px]]
|''By the Seashore''
|Pierre-Auguste Renoir
|1883
|29.100.125
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437430 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Pissarro_-_Bather_in_the_Woods.JPG|center|128x128px]]
|''Bather in the Woods''
|Camille Pissarro
|1895
|29.100.126
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437306 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Dancers_in_the_Rehearsal_Room_with_a_Double_Bass_MET_DP275510.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Dancers in the Rehearsal Room with a Double Bass''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.127
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436138 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Degas,_A_Woman_Seated_beside_a_Vase_of_Flowers_(Madame_Paul_Valpinçon).jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''A Woman Seated beside a Vase of Flowers''
|Edgar Degas
|1865
|29.100.128
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436121 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Honoré_Daumier_(French,_Marseilles_1808–1879_Valmondois)_-_The_Third-Class_Carriage_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Third-Class Carriage''
|Honoré Daumier
|1862
|29.100.129
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436095 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Madame_Auguste_Cuoq_(Mathilde_Desportes,_1827–1910)_MET_DT1960.jpg|center|209x209px]]
|''Madame Auguste Cuoq (Mathilde Desportes, 1827–1910)''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.130
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436016 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Eugène_Delacroix_-_Christ_Endormi_pendant_la_Tempête.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Christ Asleep during the Tempest''
|Eugène Delacroix
|
|29.100.131
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436176 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Gustave_Courbet_-_Alphonse_Promayet.jpg|center|190x190px]]
|''Alphonse Promayet (1822–1872)''
|Gustave Courbet
|1851
|29.100.132
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436008 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_ep29.100.179.bw.R.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Gaspare Traversi
|1800s
|29.100.179
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437843 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_Narcisa_Baranana_y_Goicoechea_by_Goya.jpg|center|185x185px]]
|''Narcisa Barañana de Goicoechea''
|[[Francisco Goya|Francisco de Goya y Lucientes]]
|1815
|29.100.180
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436547 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Joseph-Henri_Altès_(1826–1895)_MET_DT204709.jpg|center|159x159px]]
|''Joseph-Henri Altès (1826–1895)''
|Edgar Degas
|1868
|29.100.181
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436145 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Mademoiselle_Marie_Dihau_(1843–1935)_MET_DT267444.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''[[Marie Dihau]] (1843–1935)''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.182
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436150 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Young_Woman_MET_DT297552.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''Portrait of a Young Woman''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.183
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436153 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Edgar_Degas_-_Chasse_de_danse.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Dancing Class''
|Edgar Degas
|1870s
|29.100.184
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436141 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman on a Sofa''
|Edgar Degas
|1875
|29.100.185
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436125 MET]
|-
|
|''Two Dancers''
|Edgar Degas
|1873
|29.100.187
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436165 MET]
|-
|
|''Dancer with a Fan''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.188
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436135 MET]
|-
|
|''Two Dancers''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.189
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436166 MET]
|-
|
|''Bather Stepping into a Tub''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.190
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436131 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Camille_Corot_-_The_Muse_History,_1865.jpg|center|168x168px]]
|''The Muse: History''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1865
|29.100.193
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435978 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Paul_Cézanne_062.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Rocks in the Forest''
|Paul Cézanne
|
|29.100.194
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435880 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Experts_MET_DT209332.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Experts''
|Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps
|1837
|29.100.196
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436114 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Corneille_de_Lyon_-_Anne_de_Pisseleu,_duchesse_d'Etampes_(huile_sur_bois,_1535-1540).jpg|center|157x157px]]
|''Anne de Pisseleu (1508–1576), Duchesse d'Étampes''
|Corneille de Lyon
|
|29.100.197
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435945 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Man_with_a_Tankard_MET_DP143167.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|''Man with a Tankard''
|Style of Adriaen van Ostade
|1700s
|29.100.198
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/437233 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Connoisseur_MET_DP211510.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''The Connoisseur''
|Honoré Daumier
|1862s
|29.100.200
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/333915 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Man_MET_DT1968.jpg|center|158x158px]]
|''Portrait of a Man''
|Gustave Courbet
|
|29.100.201
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436019 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Ballet_from_&quot;Robert_le_Diable&quot;_MET_DT1911.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|''The Ballet from &quot;Robert le Diable&quot;''
|Edgar Degas
|1871
|29.100.552
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436123 MET]
|-
|
|''Woman Drying Her Arm''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.553
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436171 MET]
|-
|
|''Fan Mount: The Ballet''
|Edgar Degas
|1879
|29.100.554
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436143 MET]
|-
|
|''Fan Mount: Ballet Girls''
|Edgar Degas
|1879
|29.100.555
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436142 MET]
|-
|
|''Russian Dancer''
|Edgar Degas
|1899
|29.100.556
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436157 MET]
|-
|
|''Dancer with a Fan''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.557
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436136 MET]
|-
|
|''Three Dancers Preparing for Class''
|Edgar Degas
|
|29.100.558
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436163 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Édouard_Manet_-_Mademoiselle_Lucie_Delabigne.jpg|center|202x202px]]
|''Mademoiselle Lucie Delabigne (1859–1910), Called Valtesse de la Bigne''
|Édouard Manet
|1879
|29.100.561
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436959 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Girl_Weaving_a_Garland_MET_ep29.100.562.bw.R.jpg|center|182x182px]]
|''Girl Weaving a Garland''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.562
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435971 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Reverie_MET_DT2010.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Reverie''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.563
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435981 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Portrait_of_a_Child_MET_DT872.jpg|center|173x173px]]
|''Portrait of a Child''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|
|29.100.564
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435980 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Sibylle_MET_DT883.jpg|center|160x160px]]
|''Sibylle''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1870s
|29.100.565
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435984 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:The_Calm_Sea_MET_DT1973.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''The Calm Sea''
|Gustave Courbet
|1869
|29.100.566
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436005 MET]
|-
|[[Fayil:Bacchante_in_a_Landscape_MET_ep29.100.598.R.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|''Bacchante in a Landscape''
|Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot
|1865
|29.100.598
|[http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435965 MET]
|}

== Duba kuma ==

* Havemeyer

== Albarkatu ==

* Louisine Havemeyer.1993. ''Sha shida zuwa sittin: Abubuwan Tunawa na Mai Tarawa'' . New York: Ursus Press. 
* Louisine W. Havemeyer. 1922. ''Torch na Zaɓe: Tunawa da Masu Rubuce-rubucen 'Yan Ta'adda'' (Mayu), shafi na 1922.&amp;nbsp;528–538.
* Louisine W. Havemeyer. 1922. ''Muhimmin Littafin Kurkuku: Tunawa da Masu'' Rubuce-rubucen 'Yan Ta'adda (Yuni) shafi na 1922.&amp;nbsp;661–675.
* Alice Cooney Frelinghuysen. 1993. [https://books.google.com/books?id=5VUheKAVZ3QC&amp;pg=PA173 ''Gado Mai Kyau: Tarin Havemeyer''] New York: Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1855]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>l8unj63ph2ncv8c32y9hdkkiqp0bylv</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Betty Berzon</title>
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      <text bytes="6980" sha1="ersk2o2lselr4mkyul300zl9b11micw" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Betty Berzon''' (18 ga Janairu, 1928){{Spaced en dash}} Janairu 24, 2006) marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka kuma mai ilimin halayyar ɗan adam wadda aka san ta da aikinta tare da al'ummomin ' yan luwaɗi da [[Maɗigo|'yan madigo]] .

== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
An haifi Berzon a [[St. Louis|St. Louis, Missouri]], a cikin dangin Yahudawa. &lt;ref&gt; name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Finding Aid to the Betty Berzon Papers, 1928-2006 Coll2011.004 |url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1s2035mf/ |access-date=2025-05-19 |website=www.oac.cdlib.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tana cikin masu ilimin tabin hankali na farko da suka taimaka wa abokan cinikin luwadi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lambda Literary {{!}} Dr. Betty Berzon Emerging Writer Award&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt; |url=http://www.lambdaliterary.org/emerging-writer-award/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826113937/http://www.lambdaliterary.org/emerging-writer-award/ |archive-date=2014-08-26 |access-date=2014-08-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan ta fito a matsayin luwadi a shekarar 1968, ta fara ba da magani ga 'yan luwadi da madigo. A shekarar 1971, a lokacin wani taron UCLA mai suna &quot;Luwadi a Amurka,&quot; Berzon ta zama likitan tabin hankali na farko a kasar da ya fito a matsayin luwadi ga jama'a. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bay Area Reporter |url=http://www.ebar.com/news/article.php?sec=news&amp;article=561 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241105233720/https://www.ebar.com/news/article.php?sec=news&amp;article=561 |archive-date=2024-11-05 |access-date=2025-05-19 |website=Bay Area Reporter |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haka kuma a shekarar 1971, ta kafa ''Cibiyar Ayyukan Al'umma ta 'Yan Luwadi da Madigo [[Los Angeles|ta Los Angeles]]'' da kuma wata kungiya ta 'yan luwadi da madigo a cikin Kungiyar Masu tabin hankali ta Amurka (Kungiyar Masu Ilimin Halayyar Luwadi, wacce yanzu aka sani da Kungiyar Nazarin Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam na 'Yan Luwadi, Madigo, Madigo Biyu da Matsalolin Canza Jinsi ); APA ta ayyana luwadi a matsayin rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa shekaru biyu bayan haka. 

Berzon ta yi karatun digiri na ɗan lokaci a [[Jami'ar Stanford]] kafin ta yi rajista a UCLA a 1952 sannan ta kammala karatunta a 1957. Daga nan ta sami digirin digirgir na biyu daga Jami'ar Jihar San Diego a 1962.

A shekarar 1976, Berzon da abokiyar zamanta Teresa DeCrescenzo suna cikin membobin takwas da suka kafa ƙungiyar Western Lud Academic Union. &lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2014-08-26 |title=Betty Berzon, 78; Writer, Psychotherapist, Activist Helped Establish L.A. Gay &amp; Lesbian Center - Page 2 - Los Angeles Times |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2006/jan/25/local/me-berzon25/2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826114902/http://articles.latimes.com/2006/jan/25/local/me-berzon25/2 |archive-date=26 August 2014 |access-date=2025-05-19 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya Berzon ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar 'yan luwaɗi ta ƙasa. &lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated2&quot; /&gt;

Berzon ya kuma yi aiki a kwamitin gudanarwa na ƙungiyoyin 'yan luwaɗi da yawa, ciki har da LA Gay and Lesbian Center (1972–1975), Whtman-Radclyffe Foundation (1976–1977), Gay Academic Union (1977–1979), National Luwaɗi Rights Advocates (1979–1984), da kuma Luwaɗi da Lesbian Adolescent Social Services (1984–1994). 

== Mutuwa da gado ==
An gano cewa Berzon na da [[Sankaran Nono|cutar kansar mama]] a shekarar 1986. An yi mata magani ta hanyar cire mastectomy kuma ciwon daji ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin sauƙi tsawon shekaru da yawa. Ciwon daji ya dawo a shekarar 2001, kuma Berzon ya mutu a ranar 24 ga Janairu, 2006. Ta bar Teresa DeCrescenzo, shugabar Hukumar Kula da Al'umma ta Matasa 'Yan Luwadi da Madigo, waɗanda Berzon ya haɗu da su a shekarar 1973 kuma suka aure su a lokacin wani bikin aure a watan Maris na 1993 a Washington .

A shekara ta 2007, an sake wa Ventura Place da ke Studio City suna Dr. Betty Berzon Place don girmama ta, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama titi na farko da aka keɓe a hukumance ga wata sananniyar 'yar madigo a California. 

Haka kuma a shekarar 2007, mujallar LGBT mai suna ''The Advocate'' ta sanya Berzon a cikin &quot;jarumai 40.&quot;  

A shekarar 2013, Gidauniyar Adabi ta Lambda ta ƙaddamar da kyautar Betty Berzon Emerging Writer Award, kyautar da za a bai wa marubutan LGBTQ masu hazaka da kuma alƙawari waɗanda suka buga aƙalla littafi ɗaya a kowane nau'in adabi, wanda aka gabatar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin Lambda Literary Awards har zuwa 2016. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lambda Literary {{!}} 26th Annual Award Guidelines Will Be Posted September 3&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt; |url=http://www.lambdaliterary.org/awards/awards-guidelines/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826120639/http://www.lambdaliterary.org/awards/awards-guidelines/ |archive-date=2014-08-26 |access-date=2014-08-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2016, Publishing Triangle ta karɓi kyautar, wadda yanzu ta gabatar da ita a matsayin wani ɓangare na Triangle Awards . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Publishing Triangle |url=http://www.publishingtriangle.org/awards.asp |access-date=2020-03-10 |website=www.publishingtriangle.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Takardun Betty Berzon (1928–2006) an rubuta su ne a Coll2011.004 a cikin Taskar Tarihin 'Yan Luwadi da 'Yan Madigo ta Ƙasa . &lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Finding Aid to the Betty Berzon Papers, 1928-2006 Coll2011.004 |url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1s2035mf/ |access-date=2025-05-19 |website=www.oac.cdlib.org}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1s2035mf/ &quot;Finding Aid to the Betty Berzon Papers, 1928-2006 Coll2011.004&quot;]. ''www.oac.cdlib.org''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2025-05-19&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Takardun Betty Berzon (1972–1979) sune Lamba ta Tarin 7312 a Sashen Tarin Rubuce-rubuce Masu Rare da Rubuce-rubuce a Laburaren Jami'ar Cornell. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Guide to the Betty Berzon papers, 1972-1979. |url=https://rmc.library.cornell.edu/EAD/htmldocs/RMM07312.html |access-date=2025-05-19 |website=rmc.library.cornell.edu |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250618050713/http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/EAD/htmldocs/RMM07312.html |archive-date=2025-06-18 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Littattafai ==
Littattafan Berzon sun haɗa da Positively Gay ( 1979 ), Permanent Partners ( 1988 ), da kuma The Intimacy Dance ( 1996 ). Berzon ta kuma rubuta wani littafi na tarihin rayuwarta, Surviving Madness, a Therapist's Own Story ( 2002 ) inda ta tattauna yunƙurin kashe kanta da kuma kafa tsarin zamantakewa a baya. Littafin ya sami lambar yabo ta Lambda Literary Award don mafi kyawun tarihin rayuwar 'yan madigo a 2003. Tsawon shekaru da yawa, ta rubuta shafi na ba da shawara kan dangantakar 'yan luwaɗi ga PlanetOut.com .

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2006]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1928]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>ersk2o2lselr4mkyul300zl9b11micw</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Darakta Pink</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>141327</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
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 &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;

{{Databox}}

Praise Onyeagwalam Listenⓘ wanda aka fi sani da Daraktan Pink, shi ne darektan fina-finai na Najeriya, [1] mai gudanarwa mai kirkirar abubuwa kuma malami. [2] Ta yi fice bayan ta ba da umarnin bidiyon kiɗa &quot;Running To You&quot; na Chike ft Simi da &quot;Abracadabra&quot;.[3][4] Ita ce babban jami'in Pinkline Films kuma ita ce ta kafa Pinkline Academy, shirin horar da fim.[5]

== Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Onyeagwalam ne a Jihar Legas, Najeriya . Ta shafe mafi yawan yarinta a Legas, inda ta kuma sami karatun sakandare. A cikin 2020, ta sami digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Legas .  Ta kuma kammala karatu a Kwalejin Fim ta London . 

== Ayyuka ==
Onyeagwalam ya fara aiki a kafofin watsa labarai na gani tun yana matashi. Koyaya, ta shiga masana'antar fina-finai da bidiyo a hukumance a cikin 2020.

Ta tashi zuwa shahararriya bayan ta ba da umarnin bidiyon fim din &quot;Running To You&quot; na Chike wanda ke nuna [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] wanda ya zama bidiyon kiɗa da aka fi kallo a farkon rabin 2021. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-07-20 |title=Chike's 'Running (To You)' Becomes Most Viewed Music Video in 2021 |url=https://notjustok.com/news/chikes-running-to-you-becomes-most-viewed-music-video-in-2021/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=NotjustOk |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Nuwamba 2021, ta samar da wani ɗan gajeren fim mai ban tsoro mai taken &quot;Lady Koikoi&quot; wanda ya dogara ne akan tarihin makarantar sakandare ta Najeriya &quot;Madam Koikoi&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-11-26 |title=Watch 'Lady Koi Koi,' A Horror Short Film By Praise Onyeagwalam - BlueprintAfric |url=https://blueprintafric.com/news/watch-lady-koi-koi-a-horror-short-film-by-praise-onyeagwalam/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=YNaija |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Film Blog: 5 Brilliant Short Films You Should See on YouTube » YNaija |url=https://ynaija.com/5-brilliant-short-films-you-should-see-on-youtube/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=YNaija |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi aiki tare da masu zane-zane a cikin nau'o'i daban-daban ciki har da [[Wizkid]], [[Lil Kesh]], Mercy Chinwo da sauransu.

=== Fim din Pinkline da Kwalejin Pinkline ===
Ta kafa Pinkline Films, kamfanin samar da kayayyaki na Legas wanda ke samar da bidiyon kiɗa, abun ciki mai alama, da gajeren fina-finai.

Onyeagwalam ya kuma kafa Kwalejin Pinkline, shirin horar da fina-finai wanda aka haɓaka don horar da masu kirkirar Afirka masu tasowa, haɓaka ayyukan kirkirar mata da samar da ƙwarewar samarwa, jagoranci, da kuma samun damar masana'antu.

== Hotunan bidiyo ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Shekara
!Taken waƙar
!Mai zane
|-
| rowspan=&quot;9&quot; |2025
|10 Kilo 
|[[Davido]]
|-
|Mbali
|[[Yemi Alade]]
|-
|Summerdina
|Babban Firist, Boypee da Zoro
|-
|Jumma'a da dare 
|Nasboi
|-
|Lokacin da Ka Ce Wani Abu
|[[Mercy Chinwo|Rahama Chinwo]]
|-
|Odeshi
|Timaya
|-
|Kai ne
|[[Yemi Alade]]
|-
|Wanda ya tsira
|Olivetheboy x [[Qing Madi]]
|-
|Saroje
|Dera
|-
|2024
|Egwu
|Chike ft [[MohBad|Mohbad]]
|-
| rowspan=&quot;14&quot; |2023
|Tabbaci &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=TheTalkHive |date=2023-03-26 |title=Mercy Chinwo's Confidence Music Video A Depiction of Her Musical Journey? Cana by Seyi vibez |url=https://thetalkhive.com/mercy-chinwos-confidence-music-video-a-depiction-of-her-musical-journey/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=The Talk Hive |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810230731/https://thetalkhive.com/mercy-chinwos-confidence-music-video-a-depiction-of-her-musical-journey/ |archive-date=2023-08-10 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[Mercy Chinwo|Rahama Chinwo]]
|-
|Magana &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mudasiru |first=Wisdom |date=2023-03-15 |title=Chike and Oxlade Join Forces to Deliver Emotionally Charged &quot;Spell (Remix)&quot; |url=https://culturecustodian.com/chike-and-oxlade-join-forces-to-deliver-emotionally-charged-spell-remix/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=The Culture Custodian}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Chike ft Oxlade
|-
|Barka da shi
|DJ Neptune ft Ruger[[Ruger (musician)|Ragewa]]
|-
|Babu Sauran Yanayi
|Rexxie ft [[Zinoleesky]]
|-
|Asiko
|Rexxie ft Lojay
|-
|Abracadabra &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Somto |first=Bisina |date=2023-04-02 |title=Abracadabra (Remix): See Rexxie, Wizkid In New Video |url=https://www.primebusiness.africa/abracadabra-remix-see-rexxie-wizkid-in-new-video/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Prime Business Africa |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[Wizkid]], Skiibii, [[Naira Marley]] &amp; Rexxie
|-
|Man fetur
|[[Qing Madi]] ft [[Daniel Etiese Benson (Bnxn)|BNXN]] (Fka Buju) 
|-
|Ego Oyibo &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=FAB.NG |date=2023-07-26 |title=New Video: Chiké – Ego Oyibo Directed by Director Pink - Fab Magazine |url=https://fab.ng/2023/07/chike-ego-oyibo-fab-ng-2/,%20https://fab.ng/2023/07/chike-ego-oyibo-fab-ng-2/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Chike
|-
|Ovami &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |date=2023-05-23 |title=#MUSICVID: Rich Nigerian Culture Is Well Exhibited In Oxlade &amp; Flavour's New Hit Song 'OVAMI' - Fashion GHANA |url=https://www.fashionghana.com/site/oxlade-flavour-ovami-nigerian-culture-video/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Oxlade ft dandano[[Flavour (mawaƙi)|Jin daɗi]]
|-
|Baƙo 
|[[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]]
|-
|Jin ban dariya
|[[Lil Kesh]] ft [[Young Jonn|Matashi John]]
|-
|Dukkanin Idanu a kaina
|[[Niniola]]
|-
|Har ila yau, guda
|Harmonize ft Ruger[[Ruger (musician)|Ragewa]]
|-
|Kulawa 
|Sound
|-
| rowspan=&quot;13&quot; |2022
|Abincin safe
|Ugoccie ft Phyno
|-
|Da wuya a samu
|Chike ft dandano[[Flavour (mawaƙi)|Jin daɗi]]
|-
|Zaman Lafiya
|Brown Joel
|-
|Nwoke Oma &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-03-17 |title=Chiké Delves Deeper Inwards and Preaches Reality in Visuals for &quot;Nwoke Oma&quot; - Afrocritik |url=https://www.afrocritik.com/chike-delves-deeper-inwards-and-preaches-reality-in-visuals-for-nwoke-oma/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Chike
|-
|Yin niƙa
|DJ Neptune ft S1mba
|-
|Ya riga ya ci nasara &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nwangwu |first=Adaora |date=2022-07-01 |title=Dunnie Debuts Music Video For New Single 'Already Won' Featuring Chike |url=https://culturecustodian.com/dunnie-debuts-music-video-for-new-single-already-won-featuring-chike/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=The Culture Custodian (Est. 2014.) |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Dunnie ft Chike
|-
|Nack
|Mai warkarwa
|-
|WYD &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-05-12 |title=Watch Killertunes In Visuals For &quot;WYD&quot; |url=https://jukeboxmusic.com.ng/watch-killertunes-in-visuals-for-wyd/,%20https://jukeboxmusic.com.ng/watch-killertunes-in-visuals-for-wyd/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Jukebox Music |language=en-GB}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Killertunes
|-
|Hosanna
|Masterkraft ft Chike
|-
|Bi ka 
|Fiokee ft Gyakie &amp; Chike
|-
|Chi Efo &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2022-05-17 |title=New Video: J'Dess feat. The Cavemen, Waje, Selebobo, Chigurl, Zoro &amp; Loud Urban Choir – Chi Efo |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2022/05/music-video-jdess-chi-efo/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website= |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|J'dess ft Cavemen, [[Waje]], [[Chigul]], [[Selebobo]], Zoro &amp; Loud Choir
|-
|Medusa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Okim |first=Itty |date=2022-10-19 |title=Layzee Ella References Art in Stunning &quot;Medusa&quot; Video ft. Khaid Directed by Pink |url=https://digimillennials.com/press-releases/layzee-ella-references-art-in-stunning-new-medusa-video-ft-khaid/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Layzee Ella ft [[Khaid]]
|-
|Mugun Ra'ayi
|TAR1Q
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2021
|Mai haɗari
|Cibiyar [[Ayra Starr]]
|-
|Ɗan Ɗan Ɗaya
|Ric Hassani
|-
|Domin Kai
|[[Chidinma|Chidinma Ekile]]
|-
|Daidaitawa
|B2C Uganda
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2020
|Ba ku son ni
|Chike ft [[Mayorkun]]
|-
|Gudun Gudu Ganuwa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |date=2021-02-12 |title=Chike unveils cinematic video for 'Running (To You)' feat. Simi {{!}} WATCH VIDEO! |url=https://notjustok.com/videos/chike-simi-running-to-you-video/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=NotjustOk |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Chike ft [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]]
|-
|
|Filomena
|Marxii
|-
|
|Roju
|Chike
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Shekara
!Taken
!Matsayi
!Bayani
|-
|2021
|Lady Koi Koi 
|Mai gabatarwa
|Gajeren fim
|}

== Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Shekara
!Kyautar
!Sashe
!Ayyuka
!Sakamakon
!Ref
|-
|2025
|Headies
|Bidiyo na Kiɗa na Shekara &quot;Egwu&quot; - Darakta Pink
|Shi da kansa|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Headies Award 2025 winners full list: Davido, Odumodu BLVCK, Tems, Rema and odas wey win for di 17th edition |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/articles/c62je7k97nro.amp |access-date=30 April 2025 |website=BBC}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2024
|Kyautar Kiɗa ta TurnTable
|Kyakkyawan Nasarar Gudanarwa don Bidiyo na Kiɗa
|Shi da kansa|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The TurnTable 2024 Music Awards |url=https://www.turntablecharts.com/magazine/6th/134 |access-date=2 April 2025 |website=TurnTable Charts |publisher=TurnTable}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2023
|Headies
|Bidiyo mafi kyau na kiɗa
|Magana|{{Nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-07-12 |title=Headies Award 2023 nominees list: Asake, Burna Boy, Tiwa Savage plus odas wey make di list |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/articles/c06e8prrgm2o |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=BBC News Pidgin}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|AFRIMMA
|Darakta Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo
|__|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-08-08 |title=AFRIMMA Awards 2023 Nominees : The Complete List Notjustok |url=https://notjustok.com/eastafrica/awards/afrimma-awards-2023-nominees/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Latest East African &amp; Bongo Flava Music, Songs &amp; Video - Notjustok |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2022
|Headies
|Bidiyo mafi kyau na kiɗa
|Roju|{{Nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Aderoju |first=Darlene |date=2022-07-27 |title=Wizkid Leads 2022 Headies Awards Nominees: See Complete List |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/headies-awards-2022-nominations-1235118266/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Billboard |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-05-24 |title=#15thHeadies: Meji Alabi, TG Omori, Others Nominated For Best Music Video {{!}} SEE LIST |url=https://notjustok.com/news/15thheadies-best-music-video-nomination/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=NotjustOk |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|AFRIMMA
|Bidiyo mafi kyau na kiɗa
|Mace-mace Oma|{{Nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |title=Here Are All the Winners at the AFRIMA Awards - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/afrima-awards-winners-list/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-01-16 |title=#AFRIMA8: Here Is The Full List Of Winners At The AFRIMA Awards 2023 |url=https://notjustok.com/news/the-full-list-of-winners-at-the-afrima-awards-2023/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=NotjustOk |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Kyautar Kiɗa ta Galaxy
|Daraktan Bidiyo na Shekara
|__|{{Nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#GMA22: Official Nomination List and Voting Link, Out Now! – The GMAs |url=https://galaxymusicawards.com/gma22-official-nomination-list-and-voting-link-out-now/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810225143/https://galaxymusicawards.com/gma22-official-nomination-list-and-voting-link-out-now/ |archive-date=2023-08-10 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Dubi kuma ==

* Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya

== Manazara ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Dawn Butler</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>13371</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
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      <text bytes="10139" sha1="iwhrxcs0y8hq497719hrwzdjtotnnao" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Dawn Petula Butler''' (an haife ta a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 1969) 'yar siyasa ce ta jam'iyyar Labour ta Burtaniya wacce 'yar majalisa ce ta Brent East . Ta taba yin aiki a matsayin 'yar majalisa ta Brent Central (2015–2024) da kuma Brent South (2005–2010).

An haife ta a Landan ga iyayenta 'yan Jamaica, kafin ta shiga siyasa. Butler ta yi aiki a matsayin jami'in ƙungiyar kwadago kuma mai ba da shawara ga magajin garin London, Ken Livingstone . An zaɓe ta a matsayin 'yar majalisar Brent South a babban zaɓen 2005. Ta yi aiki a gwamnatin Firayim Minista [[Gordon Brown]] a matsayin Sakataren Majalisar Dokoki ta Ofishin Majalisar Ministoci da kuma Ministar Matasa da Haɗakar Matasa daga 2009 zuwa 2010. An soke kujerarta kafin babban zaɓen 2010, inda Brent Central ta maye gurbinta, wanda 'yar takarar jam'iyyar Liberal Democrat Sarah Teather ta lashe. Ta koma majalisar dokoki a matsayin 'yar majalisar Brent Central a babban zaɓen 2015. Da farko Butler mai goyon bayan Andy Burnham ne, daga baya ya zama abokin Jeremy Corbyn a lokacin da yake Shugaban 'Yan adawa .

A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2016, Corbyn ya nada Butler a matsayin Ministan Inuwa na Black da Minority Ethnic Communities bayan sake zabensa a matsayin shugaban Labour. A watan Fabrairun 2017, ta yi murabus don jefa kuri'a game da ƙaddamar da Mataki na 50, wanda a hukumance ya ƙaddamar da Tattaunawar Brexit, amma ya koma cikin fayil ɗin a watan Yunin wannan shekarar kafin a ci gaba da shi zuwa Ma'aikatar Inuwa a matsayin Sakataren Jiha na Inuwa don Mata da Daidaitawa a watan Agusta. Ta tsaya a Zaben mataimakin shugabancin jam'iyyar Labour na 2020 kuma ta zo ta ƙarshe, a matsayi na biyar. Sabon shugaban Labour Keir Starmer ne ya cire ta daga majalisar ministocin Shadow a shekarar 2020 kuma ta koma baya.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Butler Dawn Petula Butler &lt;ref&gt;{{London Gazette|date=19 June 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; a Forest Gate a gabashin London, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-08-23 |title=Dawn’s blue plaque |url=https://walthamforestecho.co.uk/2021/08/23/dawns-blue-plaque/ |access-date=2025-12-29 |website=Waltham Forest Echo |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; ga iyayen Baƙo na [[Jamaika|Jamaican]] Milo da Ambrozene Butler; tana da 'yar'uwa ɗaya da' yan'uwa maza huɗu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Butler, Dawn, (born 3 Nov. 1969), MP (Lab) Brent Central, since 2015 {{!}} WHO'S WHO &amp; WHO WAS WHO |url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-45644 |access-date=31 December 2019 |website=www.ukwhoswho.com |language=en |doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U45644 |isbn=978-0-19-954088-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dawn Butler Biography&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dawn Butler Biography |url=http://www.dawnbutlermp.com/biography |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194806/http://www.dawnbutlermp.com/biography |archive-date=27 September 2007 |website=Dawn Butler (blog)}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Tom Hood da ke Leytonstone da Kwalejin Waltham Forest, duka biyu a London.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ta yi aiki a matsayin jami'in GMB Union, gami da lokaci a matsayin jamiʼin tseren kasa da daidaito. Butler ya kuma kasance mai ba da shawara ga magajin garin London, Ken Livingstone, kan al'amuran aiki da zamantakewa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dawn Butler Biography&quot; /&gt;

== Ayyukan majalisa ==

=== Lokaci na farko (2005-2010) ===
Butler ya fara neman zaɓe don zama dan takarar 'yan majalisa a Hackney South da Shoreditch amma bai yi nasara ba. Butler ta gabatar da kanta don zabar West Ham a shekara ta 2005 amma ba a zaba ta ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 March 2005 |title=Two more candidates named as general election looms |url=http://www.stratfordandnewhamexpress.co.uk/content/newham/express/news/story.aspx?brand=SNEOnline&amp;category=news&amp;tBrand=northlondon24&amp;tCategory=newssne&amp;itemid=WeED30%20Mar%202005%2013%3A10%3A10%3A253 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722183219/http://www.stratfordandnewhamexpress.co.uk/content/newham/express/news/story.aspx?brand=SNEOnline&amp;category=news&amp;tBrand=northlondon24&amp;tCategory=newssne&amp;itemid=WeED30%20Mar%202005%2013%3A10%3A10%3A253 |archive-date=22 July 2021 |access-date=13 April 2010 |website=Stratford and Newham Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan da Paul Boateng ya yi ritaya don zama Babban Kwamishinan Burtaniya a Afirka ta Kudu, an zaba ta a matsayin dan takarar Labour a Brent ta Kudu kuma ta riƙe kujerar jam'iyyarta a babban zaben 2005 tare da rinjaye na 11,326. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 December 2009 |title=MPs welcome Commons moment of history |url=http://www.epolitix.com/latestnews/article-detail/newsarticle/mps-welcome-commons-moment-of-history/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605034332/http://www.epolitix.com/latestnews/article-detail/newsarticle/mps-welcome-commons-moment-of-history/ |archive-date=5 June 2011 |access-date=13 April 2010 |website=ePolitix}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ita ce mace baƙar fata ta uku da ta zama 'yar majalisa ta Burtaniya bayan Diane Abbott da Oona King . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Sha'awar ayyukan matasa ya ci gaba a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da take so a majalisa. A ranar 24 ga Oktoba 2006, an nada ta shugabar kungiyar 'yan majalisa ta All Party on Youth Affairs, kuma ita ce mataimakiyar shugaban girmamawa na Majalisar Matasa ta Burtaniya. Bayan [[Gordon Brown]] ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Yunin 2007, Butler ya zama daya daga cikin mataimakan shugabanni shida na jam'iyyar Labour, tare da takamaiman alhakin batutuwan matasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 November 2009 |title=Dawn Butler appointed as youth minister |url=https://www.cypnow.co.uk/News/article/dawn-butler-appointed-as-youth-minister |access-date=31 December 2019 |website=CYP Now |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;New Job for Dawn Butler MP&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=New Job for Dawn Butler MP |url=http://www.dawnbutlermp.com/?PageId=032e6be2-b624-ce64-fda4-510052bb14a5 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194820/http://www.dawnbutlermp.com/?PageId=032e6be2-b624-ce64-fda4-510052bb14a5 |archive-date=27 September 2007 |publisher=Dawn Butler (blog)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 2006, Butler ya kada kuri'a a kan bincike kan Yaƙin Iraki. Daga baya ta kada kuri'a a kan bincike sau shida har zuwa shekara ta 2016.&lt;ref name=&quot;TheyWorkForYou&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Voting record – Dawn Butler MP, Brent Central |url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/11447/dawn_butler/brent_central/votes |access-date=1 February 2020 |website=TheyWorkForYou |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201201943/https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/11447/dawn_butler/brent_central/votes |archive-date=1 February 2020 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta bayyana cewa wannan saboda ta yi imanin cewa ba zai dace ba a gudanar da bincike &quot;yayinda har yanzu muna da sojoji a Iraki ... Idan kun gudanar da bincike yayin da sojoji ke waje suna yin iya kokarinsu don yin yaƙi don kasar, da ya kasance mai hallaka musu. &quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams 2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Zoe |date=4 August 2020 |title=Labour's Dawn Butler: 'People threatened to kill me. I've been attacked on the tube' |url=http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2020/aug/04/labour-dawn-butler-people-threatened-to-kill-me-ive-been-attacked-on-the-tube |access-date=5 August 2020 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An nada ta a cikin Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan Sabuntawa na House of Commons jim kadan bayan zaben ta, kuma ta yi aiki a Kwamitocin tsaye. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2007 an nada ta a Kwamitin Yara, Makarantu da Iyalai. Tun da farko (a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2005), an kara mata matsayi a matsayin Sakatariyar Majalisa ga Ministan Lafiya Jane Kennedy, amma ta yanke shawarar tsayawa daga wannan mukamin a farkon shekara ta 2006. An ɗaukaka ta zuwa mataimakiyar bulala a ranar 12 ga Satumba 2008. [1]

A watan Janairun 2009, Butler ya sami amincewa daga shugaban Amurka [[Barack Obama]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Obama gave two endorsements to MP |url=https://www.kilburntimes.co.uk/news/obama-gave-two-endorsements-to-mp-1-603082 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201201945/https://www.kilburntimes.co.uk/news/obama-gave-two-endorsements-to-mp-1-603082 |archive-date=1 February 2020 |access-date=1 February 2020 |website=Kilburn Times |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Da farko ta musanta cewa ofishinta ya rubuta shi amma daga baya ta gyara kanta kuma ta bayyana cewa ma'aikatanta ne suka rubuta amincewar tare da yardar mataimakan Obama, sannan Obama ya sanya hannu lokacin da suka hadu.

An ba Butler lambar yabo ta mata ta shekara a lambar yabo ta Mata a Rayuwar Jama'a ta 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shortlist – Women in Public Life Awards 2009 |url=http://www.womeninpubliclifeawards.co.uk/shortlist.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090522165220/http://www.womeninpubliclifeawards.co.uk/shortlist.html |archive-date=22 May 2009 |access-date=13 April 2010 |publisher=Women in public life awards}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Women in Public Life Awards Winners 2009 |url=http://www.womeninpubliclifeawards.co.uk/winner2009.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090522165225/http://www.womeninpubliclifeawards.co.uk/winner2009.html |archive-date=22 May 2009 |access-date=13 April 2010 |publisher=Women in public life awards}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan nadin ta a matsayin Ministan Matasa da Matasa, Butler ta zama mace baƙar fata ta farko da ta yi magana daga akwatin aikawa a cikin House of Commons a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 December 2019 |title=Dawn Butler's Labour credentials as she prepares to stand for deputy |url=https://inews.co.uk/news/politics/dawn-butler-leadership-analysis-labour-party-1349171 |access-date=31 December 2019 |website=inews.co.uk |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ta ce 'yan majalisa na Conservative &quot;sun yi ƙoƙari su raina ni a wannan lokacin a tarihi&quot;, inda ta bayyana cewa wani dan majalisa na Tory &quot;ya yi farin ciki sosai wajen gaya mini cewa 'haɓaka' ba ta cikin ƙamus na Turanci ba&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams 2020&quot;/&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969]]</text>
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    <title>Constance Edjeani-Afenu</title>
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'''Constance Ama Emefa Edjeani-Afenu''' (5 Maris 1960&lt;ref name=&quot;salute&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=AfricaNews |date=25 July 2017 |title=Ghana gets first female Brigadier General: Salute to Constance Edjeani-Afenu |url=https://www.africanews.com/2017/07/25/meet-ghana-s-topmost-female-soldier-brigadier-general-constance-edjeani-afenu/ |access-date=26 January 2022 |website=Africanews |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; − 24 Janairu 2022;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=UN Secretary-General's Spokesperson - on the death of former MINURSO Deputy Force Commander Brigadier General Constance Emefa Edjeani-Afenu {{!}} United Nations Secretary-General |url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/node/261601 |access-date=26 January 2022 |website=un.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; née Edjeani) ita ce birgediya janar mace ta farko a rundunar sojojin Ghana, kuma bayan mutuwarta, babbar janar mace ta farko.

An tura ta zuwa ayyukan kiyaye zaman lafiya da yawa na [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]], gami da manufofi a Lebanon, Laberiya da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo . Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Mai ba da shawara ga Sojoji ga Ofishin Jakadancin Ghana na dindindin a [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=5 March 2016 |title=Ghana Armed Forces Records Its First Ever Female Brigadier General |url=http://buzzghana.com/ghana-armed-forces-records-its-first-ever-female-brigadier-general/ |access-date=25 February 2017 |language=en-US |newspaper=Ghana News Today}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
[[Fayil:Districts_of_the_Volta_Region_(2018).png|thumb|Yankin Volta na Ghana]]
An haifi Constance Ama Emefa Edjeani-Afenu a ranar 5 ga Maris, 1960 a Vane Avatime, Yankin Volta,&lt;ref name=&quot;myjoy&quot; /&gt; kuma ta girma a Ho, babban birnin [[Yankin Volta|Yankin Volta na Ghana]] . Ita ce ta shida a cikin 'yan'uwa goma, kuma ƙanwarta 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Ghana, [[Akofa Edjeani Asiedu|Akofa Edjeani]] .  Mahaifinta ya yi aiki a soja, kuma 'yan'uwanta biyu suma sun yi aikin soja, duk da cewa sun riga ta rasu.&lt;ref name=&quot;peace&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 August 2019 |title=Brig Gen Constance Ama Emefa Edjeanit-Afenu - First female general of GAF |url=https://www.ghanapeacejournal.com/brig-gen-constance-ama-emefa-edjeani-afenu-first-female-general-of-gaf/ |access-date=18 November 2024 |website=Ghana Peace Journal |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mahaifiyarta ita ce Mrs. Alice Grette Kwawu-Edzeani.&lt;ref name=&quot;myjoy&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 March 2022 |title=Brigadier General Constance Ama Emefa Edjeani-Afenu - MyJoyOnline |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/brigadier-general-constance-ama-emefa-edjeani-afenu/ |access-date=18 November 2024 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Edjeani-Afenu ta halarci Makarantar Firamare ta Kamina Barracks da Makarantar Gwaji ta Sojoji da ke [[Kumasi]] kafin ta kammala karatunta na O- da A-levels a [[Wesley Girls' Senior High School|Makarantar Sakandare ta Wesley Girls]] da ke Cape Coast.&lt;ref name=&quot;myjoy&quot;/&gt;

== Ilimi ==
Edjeani-Afenu tana da digirin farko a fannin lissafi daga [[Cibiyar Gudanarwa da Gudanar da Jama'a ta Ghana|Cibiyar Gudanarwa da Gudanar da Jama'a ta Ghana (GIMPA)]] . Ta sami digirin bayan kammala karatun digiri a fannin Gudanar da Ayyuka daga Makarantar Gudanarwa ta Digiri na biyu ta Paris,&lt;ref name=&quot;peace&quot;/&gt; sannan ta kammala Difloma a fannin Hulɗa da Jama'a da Talla a [[University of Media, Arts and Communication|Cibiyar Jarida ta Ghana]] (GIJ).&lt;ref name=&quot;peace&quot; /&gt;

Ta sami takaddun shaida na ƙwararru da dama, ciki har da Takardar Shaidar Gudanar da Gwamnati, Takardar Shaidar Kasafin Kuɗi da Gudanar da Kuɗi, da kuma Takardar Shaidar Ƙirƙirar Arziki daga [[Swiss eLearning Institute|Cibiyar Nazarin eLearning ta Switzerland]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Swiss eLearning Institute |url=https://www.mbastudies.com/institutions/swiss-elearning-institute |access-date=18 November 2024 |website=www.mbastudies.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;peace&quot;/&gt;

== Sana'a ==
Edjeani-Afenu ta shiga Rundunar Sojojin Ghana a shekarar 1978, tana da shekaru 18 kuma ta sadaukar da shekaru 41 na rayuwarta ga aikin soja. Tana ɗaya daga cikin ɗaliban mata biyu kacal da ta ɗauka a jami'a, ɗayan kuma ta bar karatun bayan 'yan makonni. An naɗa Edjeani-Afenu a ranar 25 ga Afrilu 1980 a matsayin Laftanar na Biyu bayan watanni 18 na horo a Kwalejin Sojoji ta Ghana.&lt;ref name=&quot;ghanaweb_obit2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 January 2022 |title=Ghana's first female Brigadier-General Constance Emefa Edjeani-Afenu is dead |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghana-s-first-female-Brigadier-General-Constance-Emefa-Edjeani-Afenu-is-dead-1453078 |access-date=25 January 2022 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125105353/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghana-s-first-female-Brigadier-General-Constance-Emefa-Edjeani-Afenu-is-dead-1453078 |archive-date=25 January 2022 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;un-constance2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Constance Emefa Edjeani-Afenu |url=https://sites.ungeneva.org/not-a-womans-job/en/africangroup/constance-emefa-edjeani-afenu.html |access-date=16 October 2021 |website=sites.ungeneva.org |language=en |archive-date=16 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016185616/https://sites.ungeneva.org/not-a-womans-job/en/africangroup/constance-emefa-edjeani-afenu.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; A farkon shekarun 1990, tana aiki a Sashen Matasa na Kwalejin Kwamanda da Ma'aikata ta Sojoji,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 October 2015 |title=Celebrating Ghanaian women : 20 years after Beijing |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Celebrating-Ghanaian-women-20-years-after-Beijing-389978 |access-date=25 February 2017 |website=www.ghanaweb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ta shiga Rundunar Biyan Sojoji a matsayin babban jami'in gudanarwa a shekarar 1999. [2]

A watan Fabrairun 1999, an naɗa Manjo Edjeani-Afenu a matsayin Kwamandan Ofishin Biyan Kuɗi na Sojoji, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama mace ta farko da ta zama Kwamanda a cikin rundunar sojojin Ghana.

An naɗa ta don ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Mai Ba da Shawara Kan Soja na Ofishin Jakadancin Dindindin a New York daga 2013 zuwa 2016. Wannan kuma shine karo na farko da mace ta taɓa riƙe wannan muƙamin.&lt;ref name=&quot;ghanaweb_obit&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 January 2022 |title=Ghana's first female Brigadier-General Constance Emefa Edjeani-Afenu is dead |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghana-s-first-female-Brigadier-General-Constance-Emefa-Edjeani-Afenu-is-dead-1453078 |access-date=25 January 2022 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125105353/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghana-s-first-female-Brigadier-General-Constance-Emefa-Edjeani-Afenu-is-dead-1453078 |archive-date=25 January 2022 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayinta na wani ɓangare na Bataliyar Ghana, an tura ta zuwa UNIFIL a 1994 da 1998, [[MONUSCO]] a 2007, da kuma UNMIL a 2009.&lt;ref name=&quot;ghanaweb_obit&quot;/&gt;

A ranar 7 ga Maris, 2016, an ɗaukaka Edjeani-Afenu zuwa matsayin Birgediya Janar, matsayi mafi girma da mace ta taɓa riƙewa a rundunar sojin ƙasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Graphic.com.gh |date=4 March 2016 |title=Constance Edjeani-Afenu becomes Ghana's first female Brigadier General - Graphic Online |url=http://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/constance-edjeani-afenu-becomes-ghana-s-female-brigadier-general.html |access-date=25 February 2017 |website=www.graphic.com.gh |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 March 2016 |title=Ama Emefa Edjeani-Afenu first female Brigadier General |url=http://www.ghanalive.tv/2016/03/04/ama-emefa-edjeani-afenu-first-female-brigadier-general/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170226050307/http://www.ghanalive.tv/2016/03/04/ama-emefa-edjeani-afenu-first-female-brigadier-general/ |archive-date=26 February 2017 |access-date=25 February 2017 |website=Ghana Live TV}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kamasah |first=Andreas |date=26 January 2022 |title=&quot;She was shining example of what women can do&quot; – First Lady mourns first female Brigadier General |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/local/she-was-shining-example-of-what-women-can-do-first-lady-mourns-first-female-brigadier/7npen1q |access-date=2022-01-26 |website=Pulse Ghana |language=en |archive-date=2022-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126065627/https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/local/she-was-shining-example-of-what-women-can-do-first-lady-mourns-first-female-brigadier/7npen1q |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta naɗa ta a matsayin Mataimakiyar Kwamandan Rundunar Soja a MINURSO a watan Satumba na 2019, inda aka tura ta zuwa Yammacin Sahara.&lt;ref name=&quot;un-constance&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Constance Emefa Edjeani-Afenu |url=https://sites.ungeneva.org/not-a-womans-job/en/africangroup/constance-emefa-edjeani-afenu.html |access-date=16 October 2021 |website=sites.ungeneva.org |language=en |archive-date=16 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016185616/https://sites.ungeneva.org/not-a-womans-job/en/africangroup/constance-emefa-edjeani-afenu.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arrival of New Deputy Force Commander to MINURSO |url=https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/arrival-of-new-deputy-force-commander-to-minurso |access-date=16 October 2021 |website=United Nations Peacekeeping |language=en |archive-date=16 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016185820/https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/arrival-of-new-deputy-force-commander-to-minurso |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 January 2022 |title=First Lady pays tribute to departed first female soldier |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/1134256/first-lady-pays-tribute-to-departed-first-female.html |access-date=2022-01-26 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2022]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Brenda Milner</title>
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'''Brenda Milner''' (née '''Langford'''; ''An haife ta'' a ranar 15 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1918) Masanin ilimin kwakwalwa ne na Burtaniya da Kanada wanda ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga wallafe-wallafen bincike a kan batutuwa daban-daban a fagen ilimin kwakwalwa na asibiti . &lt;ref name=&quot;Canadian Encyclopedia&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Brenda Milner |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/brenda-milner |access-date=3 June 2020 |website=Canadian Encyclopedia}}&lt;/ref&gt; Milner farfesa ne a Sashen Neurology da Neurosurgery a [[Jami'ar McGill]] kuma farfesa ne na Psychology a Cibiyar Neurological ta Montreal .  Ya zuwa 2020, tana da digiri na girmamawa sama da 25 kuma ta ci gaba da aiki a cikin shekaru casa'in.&lt;ref name=&quot;Canadian Encyclopedia&quot; /&gt; Ayyukanta sun rufe fannoni da yawa na neuropsychology ciki har da sha'awar rayuwarta ta dindindin game da shigar da lobes na lokaci a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar abubuwan da suka faru.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Brenda Milner: List of Publications |url=https://neurotree.org/beta/publications.php?pid=347 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123053020/https://neurotree.org/beta/publications.php?pid=347 |archive-date=January 23, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani lokaci ana kiranta daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa ilimin neuropsychology   kuma tana da mahimmanci a ci gabanta.&lt;ref name=&quot;medical news&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2011 |title=Pioneering Memory Researcher Brenda Milner To Receive Pearl Meister Greengard Prize |url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/226617.php |access-date=May 14, 2013 |publisher=Medical News Today}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta sami lambar yabo ta Balzan don Cognitive Neuroscience a shekara ta 2009, da kuma Kyautar Kavli a Neuroscience, tare da John O'Keefe, da Marcus E. Raichle, a shekara ta 2014. Ta cika shekaru 100 a watan Yulin 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 15, 2018 |title=Pioneering neuropsychologist Brenda Milner turns 100 |url=http://www.thesuburban.com/life/health/pioneering-neuropsychologist-brenda-milner-turns/article_b68c57ec-87bb-11e8-b1ff-875bc74f283d.html |access-date=November 30, 2018 |website=Thesuburban.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111185818/http://www.thesuburban.com/life/health/pioneering-neuropsychologist-brenda-milner-turns/article_b68c57ec-87bb-11e8-b1ff-875bc74f283d.html |archive-date=November 11, 2019 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Brenda Langford a ranar 15 ga Yuli 1918, a [[Manchester]], Ingila.&lt;ref name=&quot;Distinguished&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Brenda Milner - Biography |url=http://www.psych.ualberta.ca/~gcpws//Milner/Biography/Milner_bio1.html |access-date=2016-06-20 |website=The Great Canadian Psychology Website |series=Milner_bio1.html |publisher=Worth Publishers}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mahaifinta Samuel Langford ya kasance mai sukar kiɗa, ɗan jarida, kuma malami, kuma mahaifiyarta (née Leslie Doig) tana ɗaya daga cikin ɗalibansa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Kodayake ita 'yar iyaye biyu ne masu basira a kiɗa, ba ta da sha'awar kiɗa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Mahaifinta ne ya koya mata ilimin [[lissafi]] da zane-zane har zuwa shekara 8. &quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;Distinguished&quot; /&gt; Ta halarci Makarantar 'yan mata ta Withington, &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; wanda ya kai ta ga halartar Kwalejin Newnham, Cambridge, &lt;ref name=&quot;Distinguished&quot; /&gt; don karatun lissafi, bayan ta sami tallafin karatu a 1936. [2] Koyaya, bayan ta fahimci cewa ba ta da isasshen &quot; fahimta&quot; ga lissafi, Milner ta canza fagen karatunta zuwa ilimin halayyar dan adam.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Brenda Milner - Biography |url=http://www.psych.ualberta.ca/~gcpws//Milner/Biography/Milner_bio2.html |access-date=2016-06-20 |website=The Great Canadian Psychology Website |series=Milner_bio2.html |publisher=Worth Publishers}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 1939, Milner ta kammala karatu tare da digiri na BA a fannin ilimin halayyar gwaji, &lt;ref name=&quot;Distinguished&quot; /&gt; wanda a wannan lokacin aka dauke shi kimiyya ce ta ɗabi'a. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Ɗaya daga cikin masu kula da ita a Sashen Nazarin Jiki, Cambridge shine Oliver Zangwill kuma a gare shi ta ba da sha'awar farko ga aikin kwakwalwar ɗan adam, &lt;ref name=&quot;Distinguished&quot;/&gt; da kuma darajar nazarin cututtukan kwakwalwa. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Brenda Milner: Biography |url=http://www.psych.ualberta.ca/~gcpws//Milner/Biography/Milner_bio3.html |access-date=2016-06-20 |website=The Great Canadian Psychology Website |publisher=Worth Publishers |page=3}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan kammala karatunta a kusa da lokacin yakin duniya na biyu Kwalejin Newnham ta ba ta kyautar Sarah Smithson Research Studentship, wanda ya ba ta damar halartar Newnham na shekaru biyu masu zuwa.[1] A sakamakon Yaƙin Duniya na II, aikin Cambridge Psychological Laboratory, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Bartlett, an karkatar da shi kusan da dare don yin amfani da bincike a cikin zaɓin ma'aikatan jirgin sama.[1] Matsayin Milner shine tsara ayyukan fahimta don amfani da gaba wajen zabar ma'aikatan jirgin sama. Fiye da haka, ta kasance a cikin ƙungiyar da ke sha'awar rarrabe matukan jirgin sama daga matukan jirgin bom ta amfani da Gwaje-gwaje na iyawa.[2][1][3] &quot;Daga baya a cikin yakin, daga 1941 zuwa 1944, ta yi aiki a Malvern a matsayin Jami'in Gwadawa na Ma'aikatar Sayarwa, tana binciken hanyoyi daban-daban na nuni da sarrafawa da masu aikin radar za su yi amfani da su. &quot;[4][1]

A shekara ta 1941 Brenda ta sadu da mijinta, Peter Milner . &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Brenda Milner: Biography |url=http://www.psych.ualberta.ca/~gcpws//Milner/Biography/Milner_bio4.html |access-date=2016-06-20 |website=The Great Canadian Psychology Website |publisher=Worth Publishers |page=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dukansu Brenda da mijinta suna aiki a kan binciken radar. Ya kasance injiniyan lantarki wanda aka kuma dauke shi don kokarin yaki.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; A shekara ta 1944, sun yi aure kuma suka tafi Kanada inda aka gayyaci Peter don yin aiki tare da masana kimiyyar lissafi kan binciken atomatik. &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Distinguished&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=No Authorship Indicated |year=1974 |title=Distinguished Scientific Contribution Awards for 1973 |journal=American Psychologist |volume=29 |pages=27–43 |doi=10.1037/h0020147}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun yi tafiya zuwa Boston a cikin jirgin Sarauniya Elizabeth tare da &quot;amarar yaƙi&quot; waɗanda ke tafiya zuwa Amurka don zama tare da iyalan mazajensu a lokacin yakin. Bayan ta isa Kanada, ta fara koyar da ilimin halayyar dan adam a Jami'ar Montreal, inda ta zauna na tsawon shekaru 7.

A shekara ta 1949, Brenda Milner ta kammala karatu tare da MA a fannin ilimin halayyar gwaji a Cambridge . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=McGill University Staff |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/neuro/about/brenda-milner |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200916050907/https://www.mcgill.ca/neuro/about/brenda-milner |archive-date=September 16, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; A Montreal, ta zama dan takarar Ph.D. a fannin ilimin halayyar jiki a [[Jami'ar McGill]], a karkashin jagorancin Donald Olding Hebb.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Brenda Milner |url=http://www.ordre-national.gouv.qc.ca/membres/membre.asp?id=126 |access-date=2012-01-01 |website=Membres de l'Ordre national du Québec |publisher=Gouvernement du Québec |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yayinda suke aiki a kan Ph.D., Milner da Hebb sun gabatar da bincike kan mai haƙuri P.B. wanda ya sha wahala a cikin lobectomy na lokaci kuma yana da raunin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Wannan ya jawo hankalin Wilder Penfield. A cikin 1950, Hebb ya ba Milner damar yin karatu tare da shi a Cibiyar Nazarin Neurological ta Montreal .  &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Distinguished&quot;/&gt; A karkashin kulawar Penfield, ta yi nazarin halayyar matasa [[Farfaɗiya|Marasa lafiya masu fama da farfajiya]] da aka yi musu magani tare da cirewa na kwakwalwa don magance fashewar da ba a sarrafa su ba.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; A shekara ta 1952, Milner ta sami Ph.D. a cikin ilimin halayyar gwaji  tare da rubutun kan tasirin fahimta na lalacewar lobe a cikin mutum. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Brenda Milner - Biography |url=http://www.psych.ualberta.ca/~gcpws//Milner/Biography/Milner_bio5.html |access-date=2016-06-20 |website=The Great Canadian Psychology Website |series=Milner_bio5.html |publisher=Worth Publishers}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Milner |first=Brenda |date=1952 |title=Intellectual effects of temporal-lobe damage in man. |url=http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/-?func=dbin-jump-full&amp;object_id=123923&amp;silo_library=GEN01 |access-date=15 September 2016 |website=Digitool.library}}&lt;/ref&gt; Milner an ba shi digiri na girmamawa da yawa ciki har da Sc na girmamawa. D daga Jami'ar Cambridge a shekara ta 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Brenda Milner List of Awards and Degrees. |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/neuro/about/brenda-milner/awards-and-honours-brenda-milner |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803155908/https://www.mcgill.ca/neuro/about/brenda-milner/awards-and-honours-brenda-milner |archive-date=August 3, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
A shekara ta 1954, Milner ya wallafa wata kasida a cikin McGill University Psychological Bulletin mai taken 'Intellectual Function of the Temporal Lobes'. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Milner |first=Brenda |year=1954 |title=Intellectual Function of the Temporal Lobes |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychological-bulletin_1954-01_51_1/page/42 |journal=Psychological Bulletin |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=42–62 |doi=10.1037/h0054728 |pmid=13237374}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wannan littafin, ta gabatar da bayanai da suka nuna cewa lalacewar lobe na lokaci na iya haifar da canje-canje na motsin rai da na ilimi a cikin mutane da ƙananan primates.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Milner |first=B |year=1954 |title=Intellectual function of the temporal lobes |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychological-bulletin_1954-01_51_1/page/42 |journal=Psychological Bulletin |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=42–62 |doi=10.1037/h0054728 |pmid=13237374}}&lt;/ref&gt; Binciken da ta yi game da binciken kimiyyar kwakwalwa da aka gudanar a cikin dabbobi ya hana likitocin kwakwalwa da yawa daga kammala tiyata a kan mutane wanda zai iya yin mummunar tasiri ga rayuwarsu. &quot;Aikin farko na Milner a kan lobes na lokaci ya rinjayi sakamakon aikin ablation tare da ƙananan primates, kuma musamman ta hanyar binciken Mishkin da Pribram game da rawar da neocortex na inferotemporal ke takawa a cikin ilmantarwa na nuna bambanci na gani. &quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;/&gt;

Milner ya kasance majagaba a fagen neuropsychology da kuma nazarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da sauran ayyukan fahimta a cikin bil'adama. An gayyace ta zuwa Hartford don nazarin Henry Molaison, wanda aka fi sani da mai haƙuri H.M., wanda ya zama sanannen mai haƙuri a cikin kimiyyar kwakwalwa. Ya &quot;yi fama da lobectomy na lokaci-lokaci wanda ya haɗa da cire manyan ɓangarorin hippocampus. &quot;  Ta yi nazarin tasirin wannan lalacewar ga lobe na tsakiya a kan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kuma ta bayyana tsarin raunin fahimta da H.M. ke nunawa.

A farkon matakan aikinta tare da H.M., Milner ta so ta fahimci raunin ƙwaƙwalwarsa gaba ɗaya. Milner ya nuna cewa Cutar amnestic ta tsakiya tana nuna rashin iya samun sabbin abubuwan tunawa da rashin iya tunawa da aka kafa daga 'yan shekaru nan da nan kafin lalacewa, yayin da abubuwan tunawa daga baya da sauran iyawar fahimta, gami da [[Harshe (yare)|harshe]], fahimta da tunani sun kasance cikakke.&lt;ref name=&quot;mcgill&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr Brenda Milner, CC |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/mcgill-pioneers/milner |access-date=May 14, 2013 |publisher=McGill University |archive-date=February 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221161843/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/mcgill-pioneers/milner |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Misali, Milner ya kwashe kwanaki uku tare da H.M. yayin da ya koyi sabon aikin motsi na motsi don sanin wane irin ilmantarwa da ƙwaƙwalwar da ke cikinsa. Wannan aikin ya haɗa da sake zana zane na tauraron ta hanyar kallon shi a cikin madubi. Ayyukansa sun inganta a cikin waɗannan kwanaki uku. Koyaya, daga baya bai riƙe komai game da duk wani abin da ya faru a cikin waɗannan kwanaki uku ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turner&quot; /&gt; Wannan ya sa Milner ya yi hasashen cewa akwai nau'ikan ilmantarwa da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya daban-daban, kowannensu ya dogara da tsarin kwakwalwa daban.&lt;ref name=&quot;Xia&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Xia |first=C. |year=2006 |title=Understanding the human brain: A lifetime of dedicated pursuit. Interview with Dr. Brenda Milner |journal=McGill Journal of Medicine |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=165–172 |pmc=2323518 |pmid=18523614}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta sami damar nuna tsarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya daban-daban guda biyu - ƙwaƙwalwan ajiya da ƙwaƙwalwalwar tsari.&lt;ref name=&quot;chrcrm&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 2005 |title=Dr. Brenda Milner |url=http://www.chrcrm.org/en/rotm/dr-brenda-milner |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008170303/http://www.chrcrm.org/en/rotm/dr-brenda-milner |archive-date=October 8, 2014 |access-date=May 14, 2013 |publisher=Canadians for Health Research}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Milner ya gano daga H.M. da sauran binciken shari'a cewa &quot;rashin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalyar ƙwaƙwalwa na ƙarshe a cikin mutum yana haifar da ci gaba da raunin ƙwaƙwalwarsa ta baya-bayan nan duk lokacin da aka cire shi da nisa don lalata ɓangarorin hippocampus na baya da hippocampal gyrus&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;loss of memory&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Scoville |first=W. B. |last2=Milner |first2=B. |year=1957 |title=Loss of Recent Memory After Bilateral Hippocampal Lesions |journal=Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=11–21 |doi=10.1136/jnnp.20.1.11 |pmc=497229 |pmid=13406589}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta nuna cewa a cikin marasa lafiya tare da wannan ciwon ikon koyon wasu ƙwarewar mota ya kasance na al'ada. Wannan binciken ya gabatar da manufar tsarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da yawa a cikin kwakwalwa kuma ya motsa babban rukunin bincike. Milner ya bayyana a cikin wata hira da ''McGill Journal of Medicine'', &quot;Don ganin cewa H.M. ya koyi aikin daidai amma ba tare da sanin cewa ya yi shi ba a baya ya kasance mai ban mamaki. Idan kuna so ku san abin da yake lokacin farin ciki na rayuwata, wannan shine daya&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Xia&quot;/&gt;

Ta ba da gudummawa sosai ga fahimtar rawar da [[Hearing (sense)|jin]]&quot; data-linkid=&quot;473&quot; href=&quot;./Frontal_lobe&quot; id=&quot;mwASU&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Frontal lobe&quot;&gt;Lobes na gaba ke takawa a cikin sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, a fannin shirya bayanai. &quot;Binciken Dr. Milner na asali ya samar da abubuwan da aka gano da yawa a cikin nazarin ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan adam da ƙwaƙwalwarsa ta kwakwalwa, waɗanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin martani na motsin rai, ji, ƙwaƙwalwa da magana. &quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;loss of memory&quot;/&gt;

Ta nuna muhimmiyar rawar da dorsolateral frontal cortex ke takawa don tsarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na lokaci kuma aikinta ya nuna cewa akwai rabuwa da keɓaɓɓen ƙwaƙwalwan ƙwaƙwalwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa daga waɗanda ke shiga tsakani don tsari na lokaci. Ta bayyana rashin daidaituwa a cikin warware matsalar da yanzu aka gane shi a matsayin sakamakon raunin da ke faruwa a gaban. Wadannan gyare-gyare a cikin fahimtar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da fallasa yankunan kwakwalwa masu dacewa sun bayyana yanayin rarrabawar jiki na ayyukan fahimta masu rikitarwa a cikin kwakwalwa.

Milner ya taimaka wajen bayyana aikin da ke cikin kwakwalwar mutum kuma ya nuna yadda ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ta ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙwaƙwalwarsa na iya bambanta a cikin masu hannu hagu, masu hannun dama da masu amfani da hannu (duba hannu). Ta yi amfani da Gwajin Wada don nuna cewa ga kowane hannu, gefen hagu yana da rinjaye ga harshe a yawancin mutane.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andrew-Gee |first=Eric |date=7 April 2023 |title=At 104 years old, memory scientist Brenda Milner seems to remember almost everything |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-brenda-milner-memory-neuroscientist/ |access-date=4 January 2024 |website=Globe and Mail |quote=she showed that the left hemisphere is dominant for language in the vast majority of people, regardless of handedness.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan nazarin dangantakar da ke tsakanin fifiko na hannu da kuma magana ta gefe sun haifar da fahimtar tasirin cututtukan kwakwalwa na farko akan tsarin tsarin kwakwalwa a lokacin balaga. Nazarinta ya kasance daga cikin na farko da ya nuna cewa lalacewar kwakwalwa na iya haifar da sake tsara aikin ban mamaki.

Yin amfani da mafi yawan kuɗin kyauta daga kyaututtuka masu yawa, Milner ta ba da gudummawar dala miliyan 1 ga Cibiyar Nazarin Neurological ta Montreal a cikin 2007, bayan ta kafa tushe a cikin sunanta.&lt;ref name=&quot;montrealgazette.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 19, 2018 |title=Mind of her own: Montreal neuroscientist Brenda Milner on turning 100 |url=https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/mind-of-her-own-montreal-neuroscientist-brenda-milner-on-turning-100 |access-date=November 30, 2018 |website=Montrealgazette.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1918]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Denise Hinton</title>
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'''Denise Hinton''' ma'aikaciyar jinya ce 'yar Amurka kuma tsohuwar ma'aikaciyar jinya ta Hukumar Kula da Lafiyar Jama'a ta Amurka (US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps) wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar babban likitan tiyata na Amurka daga Oktoba 2021 zuwa Satumba 2025. Ta kuma yi aikin babban likitan tiyata na Amurka daga Janairu 20, 2025 zuwa Satumba 29, 2025. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2026)&quot;&gt;an buƙata&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar babban likitan tiyata na Amurka daga 2021 zuwa 2025. Kafin hakan, ita ce babbar masaniyar [[Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna]] daga 2017 zuwa 2021.

== Rayuwa da aiki ==
An haifi Hinton a cikin iyalin soja. [1] Ta sami digirin farko a fannin aikin jinya daga Jami'ar Jihar Florida da kuma digirin MS daga Jami'ar Boston . [2] Ita abokiyar Kwalejin Aikin Jinya ta Amurka ce. [2]

Hinton ta shiga Rundunar Ma'aikatan Jinya ta Sojojin Sama ta Amurka a shekarun 1990 a matsayin jami'in jinya. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 4, 2021 |title=An Interview With Rear Admiral Denise Hinton, FDA Chief Scientist |url=https://www.thefemword.world/her-story/a-talk-with-radm-denise-hinton-fda-chief-scientist |access-date=February 29, 2024 |website=THE FEM WORD |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229015705/https://www.thefemword.world/her-story/a-talk-with-radm-denise-hinton-fda-chief-scientist |archive-date=February 29, 2024 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Hinton ta shiga Rundunar Kula da Lafiyar Jama'a ta Amurka, tana aiki a [[Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna|Hukumar Kula da Abinci da Magunguna]] (FDA) a shekarar 2002 a sashen Cibiyar Nazarin Magunguna da Bincike (CDER) na kayayyakin zuciya da koda, kuma daga baya, ta yi aiki a tsohuwar sashen horo da ci gaba na cibiyar. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Hinton ta rike mukamai daban-daban na shugabanci a cikin FDA, ciki har da mataimakin darakta na Ofishin Dokar Lafiya ta CDER (OMP). &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Ta yi aiki a lokaci guda a matsayin Daraktan OMP na rikon kwarya daga 2014 zuwa 2016. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Daga Yuli 2017 zuwa Oktoba 2021, Hinton ta yi aiki a matsayin babban masanin kimiyya na FDA. A watan Disamba na 2020, a matsayinta na babban masanin kimiyya na FDA, Hinton ta ba da izinin amfani da allurar rigakafin COVID-19 ta Pfizer-BioNTech cikin gaggawa, wani babban mataki a cikin martanin da aka bayar ga annobar COVID-19.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=PRESSE |first=AGENCE FRANCE |date=December 12, 2020 |title=US approves Pfizer-BioNTech Covid vaccine: statement |url=https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/2020/12/us-approves-pfizer-biontech-covid-vaccine-statement/ |access-date=12 February 2025 |website=Capital News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hinton ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa a tsawon aikinta, gami da lambar yabo ta USPHS Meritorious Service Medal, lambar yabo ta Shugabancin Ƙungiyar Lafiyar Jama'a ta Amurka, da lambar yabo ta musamman ta Kwamishina ta FDA. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Rear Admiral Denise Hinton, M.S., R.N., F.A.A.N. |url=https://www.hhs.gov/about/leadership/denise-hinton.html |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>qlcerl9b3fxgkm0d0yh26pvu710ly48</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Dede Alpert</title>
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      <id>969771</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-20T07:32:08Z</timestamp>
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        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>13371</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
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'''Deirdre &quot;Dede&quot; W. Alpert''' (an haife ta a ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 1945) tsohuwar sanata ce ta Amurka, 'yar majalisa kuma memba a hukumar makaranta a [[San Diego]], [[California]] . 'Yar Democrat ce, ta yi aiki a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar California a matsayin memba na gundumar 75 daga 1990 zuwa 1992 da kuma daga gundumar 78 daga 1992 zuwa 1996. Ta kasance memba a Majalisar Dattawan Jihar California a gundumar 39 daga 1996 zuwa 2004.

== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Alpert a ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 1945, a [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]] . Iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa California a shekarar 1962 kuma ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Pomona, inda ta sami digiri a fannin gwamnati. Ta auri Michael Alpert, lauya, a Los Angeles kuma ma'auratan sun koma [[San Diego]], inda suka haifi 'ya'ya mata uku: Alison, Kristin, da Lehn. &lt;ref&gt; name=&quot;oac&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers |url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ |access-date=9 May 2017 |website=Online Archive of California |publisher=California State Archives}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Kafin shiga siyasa, Alpert ta kasance memba na Hukumar Gundumar Makarantun Solana Beach daga 1983 zuwa 1990, inda ta zama shugaba a 1987. Gundumar makarantar ta fara shirye-shirye don samar da kula da yara kafin da kuma bayan makaranta, ta kafa cibiyar kula da yara kuma ta inganta makarantu biyu don jihar ta amince da su a matsayin manyan makarantu. &lt;ref&gt; name=&quot;oac&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers |url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ |access-date=9 May 2017 |website=Online Archive of California |publisher=California State Archives}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ &quot;Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers&quot;]. ''Online Archive of California''. California State Archives&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;9 May&lt;/span&gt; 2017&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;  Ta kasance mai fafutukar kare hakkin yara da kotu ta nada kuma ta yi aikin sa kai a makarantun 'ya'yanta, tare da United Cerebral Palsy, da kuma Girl Scouts. &lt;ref&gt;name=&quot;oac&quot; &lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin siyasa ==
An fara zaɓenta a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar California a zaɓen jihohi na 1990, inda ta kayar da 'yar Majalisar Republican Joyce Mojonnier da kashi 53.4% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa. &lt;ref&gt; name=&quot;oac&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers |url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ |access-date=9 May 2017 |website=Online Archive of California |publisher=California State Archives}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ &quot;Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers&quot;]. ''Online Archive of California''. California State Archives&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;9 May&lt;/span&gt; 2017&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=JoinCalifornia - 11-06-1990 Election |url=http://www.joincalifornia.com/election/1990-11-06}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta gudanar da kamfen na jama'a, tare da goyon bayan jaridun gida. &lt;ref name=&quot;oac&quot; /&gt; A shekarar 1995, an yi mata barazanar sake kiranta a matsayin wani ɓangare na yaƙin neman shugabancin majalisar.  Ta yi aiki a Majalisar har zuwa 1996 kuma ta kasance memba a Majalisar Dattawan Jihar California daga 1996 zuwa 2004, tana wakiltar gundumar 39 a Gundumar San Diego . Ta yi ritaya daga Majalisar Dattawa a 2004 saboda iyakokin wa'adin mulki. &lt;ref name=&quot;oac&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;accomp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Highlights of Laws Authored by California's Women Senators |url=https://sor.senate.ca.gov/sites/sor.senate.ca.gov/files/ctools/Legislative%20Accomplishments%201976-1999.pdf |access-date=6 September 2018 |publisher=California State Senate}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta jagoranci kwamitin kasafin kuɗi na Majalisar Dattawa, kwamitin haɗin gwiwa kan ilimin jama'a, da kwamitocin ilimi na Majalisar Wakilai da Majalisar Dattawa. &lt;ref name=&quot;ncsl&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Institute for Elected Women: California |url=http://www.ncsl.org/legislators-staff/legislators/womens-legislative-network/institute-for-elected-women-california.aspx |access-date=6 September 2018 |publisher=National Conference of State Legislatures }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A tsawon lokacin da take a majalisar dokoki, Alpert ta mayar da hankali kan ilimi, muhalli, batutuwan mata da yara da kuma harkokin kasuwanci na gida. &lt;ref name=&quot;oac&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers |url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ |access-date=9 May 2017 |website=Online Archive of California |publisher=California State Archives}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ &quot;Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers&quot;]. ''Online Archive of California''. California State Archives&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;9 May&lt;/span&gt; 2017&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; An ruwaito cewa an san ta da &quot;matsakaici wanda zai iya aiki a fadin jam'iyya&quot;.  An yaba mata da zartar da dokar da ke buƙatar gwaji mai inganci a ilimin jama'a, da kuma ba da tallafi ga makarantu bisa ga sakamakon jarrabawa mai daidaito. &lt;ref name=&quot;accomp&quot;/&gt; Ta zartar da wasu kudirori da ke gyara dokokin cin zarafin iyali don tallafawa wadanda abin ya shafa. &lt;ref name=&quot;accomp&quot; /&gt;

== Rayuwa daga baya ==
Bayan ritayarta, ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na Sharp Healthcare Hospital System, a matsayin babbar kwamishinar kwaleji ta ƙungiyar Makarantu da Kwalejoji ta Yamma, da kuma a matsayin kwamitin gudanarwa na wata makarantar haya a kudu maso gabashin San Diego. Ta kuma ci gaba da shiga cikin fafutukar kare manufofin ilimi.

== Daraja ==
Alpert ta sami kyautar &quot;Abokin Ilimi&quot; ta Ƙungiyar Masu Gudanar da Makarantun California a shekarar 1998. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Friend of Education Award Recipients |url=https://www.acsa.org/application/files/2215/2583/3636/Friend_of_Ed_award_past_recipients.pdf |access-date=6 September 2018 |publisher=Association of California School Administrators |archive-date=6 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906052808/https://www.acsa.org/application/files/2215/2583/3636/Friend_of_Ed_award_past_recipients.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Jaridar California Journal ta naɗa ta &quot;Sanata ta Shekara&quot; a shekarar 2004 kuma ta sami kyautar 'Yan Majalisa Mai Kyau daga Hukumar Ilimi ta Gundumar California a wannan shekarar. &lt;ref name=&quot;ncsl&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Outstanding Legislator Award |url=http://www.theccbe.org/en/Events/OutstandingLegislatorAward |access-date=2023-09-27 |website=www.theccbe.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927192448/http://www.theccbe.org/en/Events/OutstandingLegislatorAward |archive-date=2023-09-27 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jami'ar Jihar San Diego ta sake wa Cibiyar City Heights suna Cibiyar Dede Alpert don Haɗa kan Al'umma a shekarar 2004.  An shigar da ita cikin Zauren Fitattun Mata na Gundumar San Diego a watan Maris na 2018 saboda shugabancinta na baya na Majalisar Dattawa.  Takardun karatunta suna hannun Ma'ajiyar Tarihin Jihar California. &lt;ref name=&quot;oac&quot;/&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1945]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Petra Bertholdová</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>150492</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-19T17:36:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baffa ali</username>
        <id>47435</id>
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      <comment>An kirkira ta fassara &quot;External links&quot; daga shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373315043|Petra Bertholdová]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Petra Bertholdová''' (an haife ta a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 1984) ' [[Mai buga baya|yar wasan]] ƙwallon ƙafa ce mai ritaya [[Kazech|daga ƙasar Czech]], wacce ta buga wa Sparta Prague wasa a gasar mata ta farko ta ƙasar Czech daga 2004 zuwa 2024. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 November 2024 |title=Petra Bertholdová končí ve Spartě |url=https://sparta.cz/cs/novinky/43275-petra-bertholdova-konci-ve-sparte |access-date=10 November 2024 |website=[[AC Sparta Prague]] |language=cs}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ta kasance memba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Czech .  Bertholdová ta fara buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa a ranar 24 ga Maris 2002 a wasan da ta yi da Norway .  Ta kasance ba ta cikin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa tsawon shekaru biyu tsakanin 2009 da 2011 saboda raunin gwiwa da kuma tiyatar da ta biyo baya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cirmaciu |first=Michal |date=25 October 2011 |title=Bertholdová se vrátila do reprezentace kvůli zranění až po dvou letech |url=https://www.idnes.cz/fotbal/reprezentace/bertholdova-se-vratila-do-reprezentace-kvuli-zraneni-az-po-dvou-letech.A111024_1673514_fot_reprez_ten |access-date=24 October 2024 |website=[[iDNES.cz]] |publisher=[[Mafra (company)|Mafra]] |language=cs}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 17 ga Satumba 2021, Bertholdová ta buga wasa na 100 ga Jamhuriyar Czech a wasan da suka tashi 1-1 da Netherlands a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA (UEFA) a shekarar 2023. &lt;ref name=&quot;CZ Website&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Petra Bertholdová |url=https://zeny.fotbal.cz/hrac/hraci/1815 |website=[[Football Association of the Czech Republic]] |language=cs}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 3 ga Disamba 2024, bayan rashin nasara a gida da Portugal da ci 1-2, Bertholdová ta yanke shawarar kawo ƙarshen aikinta na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa. 

== Manufofin ƙasa da ƙasa ==

: ''Ƙididdiga ta yi daidai kamar yadda aka buga a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 2022.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;CZ Website&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Petra Bertholdová |url=https://zeny.fotbal.cz/hrac/hraci/1815 |website=[[Football Association of the Czech Republic]] |language=cs}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://zeny.fotbal.cz/hrac/hraci/1815 &quot;Petra Bertholdová&quot;]. ''[[Football Association of the Czech Republic]]'' (in Czech).&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 Czech-language sources (cs)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!A'a.
! Kwanan wata
! Wuri
! Abokin hamayya
! Ci
! Sakamako
! Gasar
|-
| 1.
| 3 Maris 2009
| Brezová pod Bradlom, [[Slofakiya|Slovakia]]
|{{Fbw|SVK}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' – 0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 1–1
| Aboki
|-
| 2.
| 29 Mayu 2009
| Náchod, [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]]
|{{Fbw|POL}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' – 0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 2-1
| Aboki
|-
| 3.
| 4 Oktoba 2018
| [[Stadion Širůch]], Staré Město, [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]]
|{{Fbw|SVK}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''1''' – 0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 2–0
| Aboki
|-
| 4.
| 30 Agusta 2019
| Zimbru Stadium, [[Chisinau|Chișinău]], [[Moldufiniya|Moldova]]
|{{Fbw|MDA}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; | '''3''' – 0
| align=&quot;center&quot; | 7–0
| Gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Turai ta mata ta UEFA 2022
|}

== Haɗin waje ==
* {{UEFA player|56405}}
* Petra Bertholdová at WorldFootball.net
* Petra Bertholdová at Soccerway
== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cape Maclear</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>157172</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969650</id>
      <parentid>961187</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T18:36:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>13371</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
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'''Cape Maclear''' ko '''Chembe''' wani gari ne a cikin Gundumar Mangochi ta Yankin Kudancin [[Malawi]] . Garin, a kan Nankumba Peninsula, yana kan kudancin Tekun Malawi kuma shine mafi yawan wuraren shakatawa a Tekun Malawi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Busiest&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rogers |first=Douglas |date=5 February 2001 |title=Malawi: On a mission in Africa (2) |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/africaandindianocean/malawi/720923/Malawi-On-a-mission-in-Africa.html?pageNum=2 |access-date=24 June 2008 |website=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Cape Maclear yana kusa da tsibirin Domwe, Thumbwe da Tsibirin Mumbo a kan [[Tabkin Malawi|Tafkin Malawi]], kuma yana cikin Lake Malawi National Park .

== Tarihi ==
A shekara ta 1859, mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje kuma mai bincike David Livingstone ya gano Cape, kuma ya ba shi suna &quot;Cape Maclear&quot; bayan abokinsa, masanin taurari Thomas Maclear, wanda shine Masanin taurari na Mai Girma a [[Cape of Good Hope]] .  A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1875, wani sabon manufa, &quot;Livingstonia&quot;, wani rukuni na mambobi na Free Church of Scotland ne suka kafa shi. Kafin masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje suka isa, Mutanen Yao [[Musulmi]] ne ke sarrafa yankin. Kabarin wasu daga cikin masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje suna cikin Cape Maclear, suna kallon bayin. Kodayake Cape Maclear tana da tashar jiragen ruwa mai kyau, ƙasa mara kyau a yankin, da kuma yaduwar [[Ƙudan tsando|tsetse fly]], yana nufin dole ne a sami tushe mafi dacewa;  aikin ya koma Bandawe, kusa da Chintheche, a cikin 1882.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bandawa&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 July 1882 |title=The American missionary |url=https://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?frames=1&amp;coll=moa&amp;view=50&amp;root=%2Fmoa%2Famis%2Famis0036%2F&amp;tif=00216.TIF |access-date=24 June 2008 |publisher=[[Cornell University]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030723200244/http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?coll=moa&amp;root=/moa/amis/amis0036/&amp;tif=00216.TIF&amp;view=50&amp;frames=1 |archive-date=23 July 2003 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dabbobi na daji ==
[[Fayil:Lake_Malawi_-_Cape_Maclear_-_Thumbi_Island_Sunset.jpg|left|thumb|Dubi zuwa Tsibirin Thumbi]]
Cape Maclear da tsibirai, gandun daji da bay an ayyana su a matsayin wurin shakatawa na kasa a cikin 1980, wanda ya haifar da Lake Malawi National Park, wurin shakatawa ya farko na Ruwa mai laushi a duniya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Abendblatt&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fischer |first=Andreas |date=30 June 2007 |title=Das &quot;warme Herz Afrikas&quot; liegt im Süden (1) |url=http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2007/06/30/764048.html?s=1 |access-date=24 June 2008 |website=[[Hamburger Abendblatt]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 1984, yankin ya zama [[UNESCO]]_World_Heritage_Site&quot; id=&quot;mwXQ&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;UNESCO World Heritage Site&quot;&gt;Gidan Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO. Akwai nau'ikan tsuntsaye da yawa a Cape Maclear, gami da kingfishers, Dickinson's kestrels, da freckled nightjars. Akwai gidan kayan gargajiya game da kafa Tafkin Malawi da namun daji a Cape Maclear .  UNESCO ta ba da shawarar adana namun daji a Cape Maclear.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNESCO recommend&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chimwala |first=Marcel |date=20 May 2005 |title=Malawi scouts investors for tourism initiative... |url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article.php?a_id=67150 |access-date=24 June 2008 |website=Engineering News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yawon shakatawa ==
[[Fayil:Sunset_at_Cape_Macclear_(Malawi).jpg|left|thumb|[[Tabkin Malawi|Tafkin Malawi]] a Cape Maclear]]
Cape Maclear ita ce &quot;babban wurin yawon bude ido&quot;, &lt;ref name=&quot;UNESCO recommend&quot;/&gt; kuma ita ce wurin shakatawa mafi yawan jama'a a Tafkin Malawi. &lt;ref name=&quot;Busiest&quot;/&gt; Yankin ya shahara tare da masu saka kaya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Backpackers&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Walters |first=Joanna |date=8 June 2003 |title=Take the plunge in the lake of stars |url=https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2003/jun/08/malawi.watersportsholidays.wildlifeholidays |access-date=24 June 2008 |website=[[The Observer]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Akwai mashaya, gidajen cin abinci, gidaje da gidajen baƙi a cikin garin.&lt;ref name=&quot;Facilities&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rogers |first=Douglas |date=5 February 2001 |title=Malawi: On a mission in Africa (1) |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/africaandindianocean/malawi/720923/Malawi-On-a-mission-in-Africa.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905110813/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/africaandindianocean/malawi/720923/Malawi-On-a-mission-in-Africa.html |archive-date=5 September 2008 |access-date=24 June 2008 |website=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ayyukan da ke cikin Cape Maclear sun haɗa da snorkeling, hiking, jirgin ruwa, kayaking, da nutsewa. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2001, gwamnatin Malawi ta gayyaci masu saka hannun jari don tallafawa gina sabon otal mai dakuna 150, taurari huɗu a Cape Maclear na $ 6,000,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;New hotel&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chimwala |first=Marcel |date=19 October 2001 |title=Malawi seeks investor for hotel project |url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article.php?a_id=12112 |access-date=24 June 2008 |website=Engineering News}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Yunin shekara ta 2003, an sanar da shirye-shiryen gina ecolodge a tsibirin Maleri, kusa da Cape Maclear . &lt;ref name=&quot;New lodge&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chimwala |first=Marcel |date=13 June 2003 |title=Malawi plans development of eco-lodges |url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article.php?a_id=36804 |access-date=24 June 2008 |website=Engineering News}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2005, gwamnatin Malawi ta ba da sanarwar shirye-shiryen kara yawan yawon shakatawa a Cape Maclear tare da sabbin masauki da kayan aiki.&lt;ref name=&quot;More ecotourism&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chimwala |first=Marcel |date=18 February 2005 |title=Tenders invited for Lake Malawi ecotourism project |url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article.php?a_id=62664 |access-date=24 June 2008 |website=[[Engineering News (Creamer Media)|Engineering News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan tsare-tsaren sun kasance masu matukar burin tattalin arzikin Malawi da masana'antar yawon bude ido.

== Sufuri ==
A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2006, gwamnatin Malawi ta ba da sanarwar shirye-shiryen gina sabuwar hanya daga Cape Maclear zuwa Monkey Bay . &lt;ref name=&quot;Road&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 February 2006 |title=Malawi: Investors, Tourists Wear Smile in Cape Maclear |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200602280116.html |access-date=24 June 2008 |website=[[AllAfrica]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hanyar yanzu hanya ce mai laushi, kuma babu sufuri na jama'a na yau da kullun a Cape Maclear.&lt;ref name=&quot;No Public&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 April 2001 |title=Animal magic |url=https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2001/apr/06/netjetters2000sam.netjetters |access-date=24 June 2008 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sabis ɗin bas na yau da kullun ya kai ne kawai daga Lilongwe zuwa Monkey Bay inda za'a iya hayar ƙananan bas masu zaman kansu don tafiya zuwa Cape Maclear.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Bordetella parapertussis</title>
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      <text bytes="3998" sha1="0xmg8pa746vmzacorfm4mdwumeb8jlv" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}} {{Gyara mukala}} 
'''Bordetella parapertussis''''' ƙaramin kwayar cuta ce mai cutar Gram-negative na jinsin Bordetella wanda ya dace da mulkin mallaka na numfashi na dabbobi masu shayarwa. Pertussis wanda ''B. parapertussis'' ya haifar yana nuna alamun irin wannan cutar da aka samo daga B. pertussis, amma gabaɗaya ba ta da tsanani.&lt;ref name=&quot;Heininger_1994&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Heininger U, Stehr K, Schmitt-Grohé S, Lorenz C, Rost R, Christenson P, Uberall M, Cherry J |year=1994 |title=Clinical characteristics of illness caused by Bordetella parapertussis compared with illness caused by Bordetella pertussis |journal=Pediatr Infect Dis J |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=306–9 |doi=10.1097/00006454-199404000-00011 |pmid=8036048}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rigakafin da aka samo daga B. pertussis ba ya karewa daga kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar ''B. parapertussis'', duk da haka, saboda ana samun O-antigen ne kawai a kan B. parapérussis. Wannan antigen yana kare ''B. parapertussis'' daga magungunan rigakafi na musamman ga B. pertussis, don haka kwayoyin suna da 'yanci su mallaki huhu na mai karɓar bakuncin ba tare da fuskantar farmaki daga magungun rigakafin da suka gabata ba. Wadannan binciken sun nuna cewa ''B. parapertussis'' ya samo asali ne a cikin yawan masu karɓar bakuncin da suka riga sun haɓaka rigakafi ga B. pertussis, inda samun damar guje wa rigakafin B. pertus yana da fa'ida.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvill_2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Wolfe D, Goebel E, Bjornstad O, Restif O, Harvil E |year=2007 |title=The O Antigen Enables Bordetella parapertussis To Avoid Bordetella pertussis-Induced Immunity |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_infection-and-immunity_2007-10_75_10/page/4972 |journal=Infection and Immunity |volume=75 |issue=10 |pages=4972–9 |doi=10.1128/IAI.00763-07 |pmc=2044517 |pmid=17698566}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An bayyana zuriya biyu na ''B. parapertussis''. Na farko yana kamuwa da mutane kuma yana da alhakin 'yan tsiraru na cutar pertussis (wanda aka fi sani da tari).&lt;ref name=&quot;Cherry_1996&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Cherry J |year=1996 |title=Historical review of pertussis and the classical vaccine |journal=J Infect Dis |volume=174 |issue=Suppl 3 |pages=S259–63 |doi=10.1093/infdis/174.supplement_3.s259 |pmid=8896526 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na biyu, [[Rago|tumaki]], zuriya tana haifar da [[Ciwon huhu]] mai tsanani a cikin tumaki.&lt;ref name=&quot;Porter_1994&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Porter J, Connor K, Donachie W |year=1994 |title=Isolation and characterization of Bordetella parapertussis-like bacteria from ovine lungs |journal=Microbiology |volume=140 |issue=2 |pages=255–61 |doi=10.1099/13500872-140-2-255 |pmid=8180690 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dukkanin jinsunan suna tunanin sun samo asali ne daga kakannin ''B. bronchiseptica''.&lt;ref name=&quot;van_der_Zee_1997&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=van der Zee A, Mooi F, Van Embden J, Musser J |year=1997 |title=Molecular evolution and host adaptation of Bordetella spp.: phylogenetic analysis using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and typing with three insertion sequences |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-bacteriology_1997-11_179_21/page/6609 |journal=J Bacteriol |volume=179 |issue=21 |pages=6609–17 |doi=10.1128/jb.179.21.6609-6617.1997 |pmc=179586 |pmid=9352907}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan cuta na iya zama alama ko ba a nuna alamomi ba kuma yana iya sa rundunonin su kamu da cuta ta biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Porter_1995&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Porter J, Connor K, Krueger N, Hodgson J, Donachie W |year=1995 |title=Predisposition of specific pathogen-free lambs to ''Pasteurella haemolytica'' pneumonia by ''Bordetella parapertussis'' infection |journal=J Comp Pathol |volume=112 |issue=4 |pages=381–9 |doi=10.1016/S0021-9975(05)80019-2 |pmid=7593760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [http://bacdive.dsmz.de/index.php?search=368&amp;submit=Search Nau'in nau'in ''Bordetella parapertussis'' a BacDive - Base na Bambancin Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Kwayar ''Ruwa''
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Chi Onwurah</title>
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Onwurah ta kasance ministar dabaru, kimiyya da kirkire-kirkire a karkashin jagorancin shugaban kwadago Jeremy Corbyn daga watan Oktoba na 2016 [1] har zuwa Afrilun 2020, lokacin da aka nada ta ministar kimiyya, bincike da fasahar zamani ta Keir Starmer . [2]

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Mahaifiyar Onwurah 'yar Newcastle ce. Mahaifinta, daga Najeriya, yana aiki a matsayin likitan hakora yayin da yake karatu a Makarantar Likitanci ta Jami'ar Newcastle lokacin da suka haɗu suka yi aure a shekarun 1950. [1]

An haifi Onwurah a ranar 12 ga Afrilu, 1965 a Wallsend, sannan a Northumberland .   A lokacin da take ƙarama, iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa [[Awka]], Najeriya a shekarar 1965. Shekaru biyu kacal bayan haka, [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin Biafra]] ya ɓarke, wanda ya kawo yunwa, wanda ya tilasta wa mahaifiyarta dawo da yaran zuwa Tyneside, yayin da mahaifinta ya zauna a can a cikin rundunar Biafra. &lt;ref name=&quot;Early Life&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Labour MPs – Chi Onwurah |url=http://www.labour.org.uk/mp/chinyelu_onwurah/833 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323101232/http://www.labour.org.uk/mp/chinyelu_onwurah/833 |archive-date=23 March 2014 |access-date=23 July 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Illegal Immigration - Hansard - UK Parliament |url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2022-12-13/debates/DB61C374-16B5-411C-9A29-CC3DCA119EB3/IllegalImmigration |access-date=22 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Onwurah ta halarci Makarantar Kenton da ke Newcastle [1] kuma ta kammala karatunta daga Kwalejin Imperial da ke Landan a shekarar 1987 tare da digiri a fannin injiniyan lantarki . [2] Ta yi aiki a fannin haɓaka kayan aiki da software, sarrafa kayayyaki, haɓaka kasuwa da dabarun kamfanoni masu zaman kansu a ƙasashe daban-daban - Burtaniya, Faransa, Amurka, Najeriya da Denmark - yayin da take karatun digiri na MBA a Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Manchester . [3]

Kafin shiga Majalisar Dokoki, Onwurah shine Shugaban Fasahar Sadarwa a Ofcom, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McDonald |first=Clare |date=3 October 2017 |title=Chi Onwurah, shadow minister for industrial strategy, science and innovation - The 50 Most Influential Women in UK Tech 2017 |url=https://www.computerweekly.com/photostory/450427420/The-50-Most-Influential-Women-in-UK-Tech-2017/5/5-Chi-Onwurah-shadow-minister-for-Department-for-Business-Energy-and-Industrial-Strategy |access-date=2021-06-18 |website=www.computerweekly.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da mai da hankali kan samar da intanet. &lt;ref name=&quot;chron&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Southern |first=Keiran |date=2017-05-04 |title=Who is Chi Onwurah, whose Prince Philip tweet sparked a furious backlash? |url=https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/who-chi-onwurah-whose-prince-12987907 |access-date=2021-06-18 |website=ChronicleLive |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin siyasa ==
Kafin shiga Majalisar Dokoki, Onwurah ta kasance mai himma a cikin [[Yunkurin adawa da wariyar launin fata|Ƙungiyar Yaƙi da Wariyar launin fata]] . Ta shafe shekaru da yawa tana aiki a Hukumar Gudanarwa ta Ƙasa, da kuma ta magajin ta, [[Yunkurin adawa da wariyar launin fata|ACTSA: Action for Southern Africa]] . Ta kuma shiga kwamitin ba da shawara na Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Jami'ar Buɗe . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 September 2017 |title=Chi Onwurah MP: Engineering a better future in politics |url=https://www.open.ac.uk/business/news/chi-onwurah-mp-engineering-better-future-politics |access-date=31 May 2026 |website=The Open University Business School }}{{Dead link|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Aikin majalisar dokoki ===
An zaɓi Onwurah a matsayin 'yar majalisar dokoki (MP) mai wakiltar Newcastle upon Tyne Central a babban zaɓen 2010 da rinjayen 7,466. &lt;ref name=&quot;parl&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chi Onwurah |url=http://www.parliament.uk/biographies/commons/chi-onwurah/4124 |access-date=28 March 2015 |website=Parliament}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta maye gurbin tsohon ɗan majalisar jam'iyyar Labour Jim Cousins, wanda ya yanke shawarar sauka daga mulki bayan shekaru 23. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jim Cousins, former MP, Newcastle upon Tyne Central |url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/10137/jim_cousins/newcastle_upon_tyne_central |website=TheyWorkForYou |access-date=2026-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250618003828/https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/10137/jim_cousins/newcastle_upon_tyne_central |archive-date=2025-06-18 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 June 2009 |title=Newcastle Labour MP Jim Cousins to step down |url=https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/newcastle-labour-mp-jim-cousins-1455675 |website=ChronicleLive}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta bayyana Majalisar a matsayin &quot;abin mamaki na al'adu&quot;, amma kuma ta ce idan aka kwatanta da tarihin injiniyanta &quot;majalisa ita ce mafi yawan yanayin aiki da na taɓa kasancewa a ciki, mafi daidaito tsakanin jinsi&quot;. 

Onwurah ya goyi bayan Ed Miliband a zaɓen shugabancin jam'iyyar Labour na 2010.  Miliband ya naɗa Onwurah a matsayin ƙaramin ministan kasuwanci, kirkire-kirkire da ƙwarewa a ranar 10 ga Oktoba, 2010.

A watan Janairun 2013, an ba Onwurah sabon &quot;muhimmiyar matsayi&quot; a matsayin Ministan Inuwa na Ofishin Majalisar Ministoci, wanda ya mayar da hankali kan &quot;tsaro ta yanar gizo, kasuwanci na zamantakewa da gwamnati mai bude.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;parl&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-01-02 |title=Chi takes up a new shadow ministerial role in the Cabinet Office team |url=https://chionwurahmp.com/2013/01/chi-takes-up-a-new-shadow-ministerial-role-in-the-cabinet-office-team/ |access-date=2021-07-21 |website=Chi Onwurah MP |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ainsworth |first=David |date=17 January 2013 |title=Chi Onwurah MP given shadow social enterprise role |url=https://www.thirdsector.co.uk/chi-onwurah-mp-given-shadow-social-enterprise-role/policy-and-politics/article/1167249 |access-date=2021-07-21 |website=www.thirdsector.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan ta bar mukamin a watan Satumba na 2015, Louise Haigh ta gaje ta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marrs |first=Colin |date=2020-06-24 |title=Jeremy Corbyn appoints MP Louise Haigh to Labour digital brief |url=https://www.civilserviceworld.com/news/article/jeremy-corbyn-appoints-mp-louise-haigh-to-labour-digital-brief |access-date=2021-07-21 |website=Civil Service World |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 11 ga Satumba, 2024 aka naɗa ta Shugabar Kwamitin Zaɓen Kimiyya, Ƙirƙira da Fasaha. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Parliamentary career for Dame Chi Onwurah - MPs and Lords - UK Parliament |url=https://members.parliament.uk/member/4124/career |access-date=2026-02-03 |website=members.parliament.uk |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Yaƙin neman zaɓe kan batutuwan jinsi ====
A watan Fabrairun 2014, Onwurah ta yi magana a wani muhawarar majalisar dokoki da aka kira kan shirinta kan batun tallata kayan wasa na musamman ga jinsi. Ta kuma ba da goyon bayanta ga kamfen ɗin &quot;Let Toys Be Toys&quot; . A jawabinta ga Majalisar Wakilai, ta ce:&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Kafin na shiga Majalisar Dokoki, na shafe shekaru ashirin a matsayin ƙwararren injiniya, ina aiki a nahiyoyi uku. Ko ina nake ko girman kamfanin, koyaushe mahalli ne na maza, ko kuma maza duka, amma sai lokacin da na shiga shagon kayan wasa ne kawai nake jin ina fuskantar wariyar jinsi.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;Daga baya ta shaida wa Kira Cochrane ta ''[[The Guardian|jaridar The Guardian]]'' cewa ta yi imanin cewa takaita yara ta hanyar ra'ayin jinsi babbar matsala ce ta tattalin arziki, inda adadin ɗaliban mata da ke karatun digirin injiniya ya ragu daga kashi 12% zuwa kashi 8% cikin shekaru talatin tun lokacin da ta fara karatu da kanta. Da take magana game da ƙarancin injiniyoyi da Birtaniya ke da &quot;mafi ƙarancin kaso a Turai na mata waɗanda ƙwararrun injiniyoyi ne&quot;, ta ce &quot;kayan wasan yara suna da matuƙar muhimmanci kuma suna da tsari, kuma a gare ni wannan yana magana ne game da ayyukan nan gaba, game da abin da zai faru cikin shekaru 10 ko 15. Ba za mu iya ci gaba da al'umma mai rarrabuwa ba.&quot; 

=== Zaɓen shugabanci da kuma rawar da 'yan takarar shugaban ƙasa ke takawa a inuwar ===
[[Fayil:Chi_Onwurah,_2016_Labour_Party_Conference.jpg|thumb|Onwurah a taron jam'iyyar Labour na 2016]]
A zaɓen shugabancin jam'iyyar Labour na 2015, Onwurah ta sanar da goyon bayanta ga Andy Burnham, inda ta fara zaɓar Jeremy Corbyn don &quot;faɗaɗa muhawarar&quot;.  A lokacin, Onwurah ita ce kaɗai injiniyan da aka yi wa rijista da ke aiki a cikin Jam'iyyar Labour ta Majalisa, wani abin da ta fi mayar da hankali a kai lokacin da take fafutukar neman ilimin masana'antu da fasaha a cikin tsare-tsaren dokoki 

Bayan da Jeremy Corbyn ya lashe zaben shugabancin jam'iyyar Labour a watan Satumba na 2015, an nada Onwurah a matsayin Ministan Inuwa na Kasuwanci, Kirkire-kirkire da Kwarewa, da kuma Ministan Inuwa na Al'adu, Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai da Wasanni. 

==== Takaddama kan nuna wariya ga launin fata ====
A cikin sake fasalin da aka yi a watan Janairun 2016, rawar da Onwurah ta taka a fannin al'adu da tattalin arzikin dijital ta rabu a tsakaninta da Thangam Debbonaire na ɗan lokaci. A cewar Onwurah, Corbyn bai sanar da wannan sauyi ga ko wanne ɗan majalisa kai tsaye ko kuma ya gaya wa Debbonaire lokacin da ya sauya shawararsa ba, wanda ya bar su cikin rudani game da ainihin nauyin da ke kansu. Bugu da ƙari, ya ƙi buƙatar ƙarin bayani.  Mai magana da yawun ofishin Corbyn, wanda ke musanta rashin &quot;tattaunawa&quot; a watan Janairu, ya ce &quot;a kowane lokaci ba a kori kowa ba. Muna baƙin ciki da Chi ta ji an ware ta, amma a bayyane yake ba haka lamarin yake ba. Kalaman Chi Onwurah sun shafi tattaunawa game da tsara ayyukan majalisar inuwar a watan Janairun da ya gabata, kamar yadda ba sabon abu ba ne a cikin kabad da kabad na inuwar.&quot; 

Onwurah ta lura cewa rudanin ya shafi 'yan tsirarun kabilu biyu, 'yan majalisar mata (daga cikin kashi 5% na jimillarsu), kuma ta yi jayayya cewa dokar aiki ta bukaci manajojin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu su kasance masu hankali da amsawa sosai wajen magance irin wannan yanayi. Ta ce: &quot;Da ace wannan ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin ma'aikata na a fannin gwamnati da na masu zaman kansu, da Jeremy ya sami kansa a gaban kotun masana'antu don a kore shi daga aiki, wataƙila tare da nuna wariyar launin fata.&quot;  Daga baya Onwurah ta rubuta cewa &quot;Ban yi zargin wariyar launin fata a kan Jeremy ba&quot;, bayan an yi iƙirarin cewa ta &quot;yi wasa da katin tsere&quot;. 

==== Zaɓen shugabancin jam'iyyar Labour na 2016 ====
Onwurah backed Owen Smith in the 2016 Labour leadership election, but remained a Labour frontbencher. In August 2016, during the Labour leadership campaign she publicly supported Owen Smith's calls for a second referendum on the UK's EU membership.

=== Zaɓen gama gari da aikin majalisa ===
[[Fayil:Official_portrait_of_Chi_Onwurah_crop_2.jpg|thumb|Hoton majalisar dokoki ta hukuma, 2017]]
Onwurah ta ci gaba da riƙe kujerarta a babban zaɓen 2017, wanda hakan ya ƙara yawan ƙuri'un jam'iyyar Labour zuwa 65%. Newcastle Upon Tyne Central ita ce mazabar farko da ta bayyana sakamako a babban zaɓen a wannan shekarar. 

An sake zaɓenta a [[2019 United Kingdom general election|babban zaɓen 2019]], kuma, Newcastle Upon Tyne Central ita ce kujera ta farko a Burtaniya da aka ayyana.  Kason kuri'unta ya ragu zuwa kashi 57.6%, wanda ya wakilci mafi rinjayen kuri'u 12,278 tare da raguwar ƙasa da kashi 4% ga Jam'iyyar Conservative .

A babban zaɓen 2024, an soke kujerar Onwurah kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin kujerar da aka yi wa kwaskwarima ta Newcastle upon Tyne Central da West, wadda ta ƙunshi mafi yawan kujerun da ta taɓa samu baya ga yankunan da ke yammacin Newcastle. Ta lashe kujerar da kashi 45.6% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa, inda ta fi abokin hamayyarta mafi kusa, Reform UK, ƙuri'u 11,060.

==== An taimaka wa waɗanda suka mutu a ƙuri'ar ====
Mahaifiyar Onwurah memba ce a ƙungiyar Sa-kai ta Euthanasia, kuma da farko ta yi tunanin cewa idan aka ba ta dama, za ta kaɗa ƙuri'a don goyon bayan mutuwar da aka yi mata da son rai. Duk da haka, a watan Nuwamba na 2024, ta rubuta wa mazabunta cewa za ta yi adawa da Dokar Manya Masu Rashin Lafiya (Ƙarshen Rayuwa), tana mai bayyana damuwa cewa dokar &quot;tana da matsala&quot; kuma babu isasshen lokaci don cikakken bincike a majalisar dokoki. 

'''Matsalolin ɗabi'a'''

Mahaifiyar Onwurah memba ce a ƙungiyar agaji ta Euthanasia Society, kuma ta yi tsammanin idan aka ba ta dama, za ta kaɗa ƙuri'a don goyon bayan mutuwar da aka yi mata da son rai. Amma a watan Nuwamba na 2024, ta rubuta wa mazauna yankin cewa za ta yi adawa da Dokar Manyan da ke fama da rashin lafiya ta ƙarshe (Ƙarshen Rayuwa) da ta ba wa manya da ke fama da rashin lafiya na ƙarshe damar kawo ƙarshen rayuwarsu, tana mai cewa tana damuwa da cewa dokar &quot;tana da matsala&quot; kuma babu isasshen lokacin da za a duba majalisar dokoki. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=My statement on how I will be voting on the Assisted Dying Bill. |url=https://x.com/chionwurah/status/1861822361558741255?s=46&amp;t=vs8FmfHt1YLwA3LuC3LKWQ |website=X}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
Onwurah yana goyon bayan [[Newcastle United FC]] . 

== Lambobin yabo da girmamawa ==
A shekarar 2018, an ƙara Onwurah a cikin shirin &quot;Mata Masu Tasiri a Burtaniya IT&quot; na mako-mako na ''Computer Weekly'' tare da Hannah Dee, Sarah Wood da Sherry Coutu . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McDonald |first=Clare |date=17 July 2018 |title=Most Influential Women in UK IT 2018: Entrants to the Hall of Fame |url=https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252444993/Most-Influential-Women-in-UK-IT-2018-Entrants-to-the-Hall-of-Fame?asrc=EM_EDA_97694330 |access-date=22 January 2019 |website=Computer Weekly |publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 2020 she was made an Honorary Fellow of the British Science Association.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 January 2020 |title=Latest BSA Honorary Fellows announced |url=https://www.britishscienceassociation.org/news/latest-bsa-honorary-fellows-announced |website=British Science Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Onwurah was appointed a [[Order of the British Empire|Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] (DBE) in the 2025 Birthday Honours for Political and Public Service.&lt;ref&gt;{{London Gazette|date=14 June 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bayanan kula ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Notelist}}

== Manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Side box/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Sister project/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Commonscat}}*{{Official website|http://chionwurahmp.com}}{{UK MP links|parliament=Chi-Onwurah/4124|hansardcurr=5617|publicwhip=chinyelu_onwura|theywork=chinyelu_onwura}}

* [https://vimeo.com/158694425 Chi Onwurah yana jawabi] a Jami'ar Edinburgh don Kalubalen Duniya Lab/Practical Action, bazara 2016
{{S-start}}
{{S-par|uk}}
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{{S-bef|before=[[Jim Cousins]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]]&lt;br&gt;for [[Newcastle upon Tyne Central (UK Parliament constituency)|Newcastle upon Tyne Central]]|years=[[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010]]–[[2024 United Kingdom general election|2024]]}}
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{{S-new|constituency}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]]&lt;br&gt;for [[Newcastle upon Tyne Central and West (UK Parliament constituency)|Newcastle upon Tyne Central and West]]|years=[[2024 United Kingdom general election|2024]]–present}}
{{S-inc}}
{{S-end}}{{Labour Party UK MPs}}{{Authority control}}
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    <title>Charlie Trafford</title>
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'''Charlie Trafford''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Mayu 1992) ɗan ƙasar Kanada ne, tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] wanda ya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] .

== Aikin kulob ==

=== Matasa da kwaleji ===
An haife shi a [[Calgary]], Alberta, Trafford ya shafe lokaci yana buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta matasa a yankin kafin ya koma Whitecaps Residency . &lt;ref name=&quot;RNO1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Steve Bottjer |date=24 November 2013 |title=Red Nation Interview Series: Charlie Trafford |url=http://www.rednationonline.ca/Interviews2012/RNOInterviewSeriesCharlieTrafford.aspx |access-date=12 January 2015 |publisher=[[Red Nation Online]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422003118/http://www.rednationonline.ca/Interviews2012/RNOInterviewSeriesCharlieTrafford.aspx |archive-date=22 April 2023 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji tare da Jami'ar York, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar De Graafschap ta ƙasar Holland. &lt;ref name=&quot;RNO1&quot; /&gt; A shekarar 2012, ya buga wasa da SC Toronto na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Kanada . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Canadian Soccer League |author-link=Canadian Soccer League |title=SC Toronto |url=http://canadiansoccerleague.com/teams/sctoronto.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120606012704/http://canadiansoccerleague.com/teams/sctoronto.asp |archive-date=6 June 2012 |access-date=21 July 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Finland ===
[[Fayil:Charlie_Trafford.jpg|left|thumb]]
Trafford ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru a Finland, inda ya buga wasa da IFK Mariehamn, TPS da KuPS . &lt;ref name=&quot;SW&quot;&gt;{{Soccerway|charlie-trafford/309269|accessdate=8 January 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yayin da yake tare da KuPS, Trafford ya lashe kyautar ɗan wasan shekara ta 2014 da kuma kyautar ƙwallon shekara ta 2014. &lt;ref name=&quot;RNO2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Steve Bottjer |date=1 December 2014 |title=Trafford aiming to build on breakthrough year |url=http://www.rednationonline.ca/Articles2015/Traffordaimingtobuildonbreakthroughyear.aspx |access-date=12 January 2015 |publisher=[[Red Nation Online]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111162148/http://www.rednationonline.ca/Articles2015/Traffordaimingtobuildonbreakthroughyear.aspx |archive-date=11 November 2020 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Poland ===
Trafford ya rattaba hannu da kulob din Ekstraklasa Korona Kielce a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 2015 kuma ya koma kulob din a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2016. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 November 2015 |title=Reprezentant Kanady w Koronie! |url=http://korona-kielce.pl/news,8132-reprezentant-kanady-w-koronie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125022100/http://korona-kielce.pl/news,8132-reprezentant-kanady-w-koronie.html |archive-date=25 November 2015 |access-date=24 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Molinaro |first=John |date=24 November 2015 |title=Canadian midfielder Trafford joins Polish club |url=http://www.sportsnet.ca/soccer/charlie-trafford-canada-poland-korona-kielce-finland/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara buga wasa a karawarsa da Pogoń Szczecin a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu 2016. Trafford zai yi wahala ya samu lokacin wasa tare da Korona Kielce, kuma a watan Maris na 2017 zai koma kulob din I Liga Sandecja Nowy Sącz . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 March 2017 |title=Charlie Trafford piłkarzem Sandecji |url=http://www.sandecja.com.pl/22,1879,Charlie_Trafford_pilkarzem_Sandecji.htm |website=MKS Sanecja Nowy Sacz |access-date=22 July 2026 |archive-date=16 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316030158/http://www.sandecja.com.pl/22,1879,Charlie_Trafford_pilkarzem_Sandecji.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Komawa zuwa Finland ===
Trafford ya koma Finland kuma ya sanya hannu da RoPS a ranar 14 ga Yuli 2017. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=14 July 2017 |title=Kanadalainen Charlie Trafford vahvistaa Rovaniemen Palloseuraa |url=https://www.rops.fi/edustusjoukkueen-uutiset/4598-kanadalainen-charlie-trafford-vahvistaa-rovaniemen-palloseuraa |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030003140/https://www.rops.fi/edustusjoukkueen-uutiset/4598-kanadalainen-charlie-trafford-vahvistaa-rovaniemen-palloseuraa |archive-date=30 October 2017 |access-date=14 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara buga wasa a tsakaninsu da FC Lahti a ranar 16 ga Yuli.

=== Scotland ===
Bayan wata ɗaya kacal da RoPS, Trafford ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Scotland Inverness Caledonian Thistle a ranar 18 ga Agusta 2017. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Skinner |first=Andy |date=18 August 2017 |title=Done deal: Caley Jags get Charlie Trafford |url=https://www.pressandjournal.co.uk/fp/sport/football/inverness-caledonian-thistle/1311195/caley-jags-get-trafford/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara buga wasa washegari da Greenock Morton . Trafford zai fara wasa akai-akai a ƙungiyar a cikin watanni biyu na farko, amma zai rasa matsayinsa na farko bayan ya ji rauni a babban yatsansa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 November 2017 |title=Charlie Trafford determined to win back Caley Thistle spot after &quot;stupid&quot; thumb injury |url=http://www.highland-news.co.uk/Sport/Football/Charlie-Trafford-determined-to-win-back-Caley-Thistle-spot-after-stupid-thumb-injury-29112017.htm |website=Highland News}}{{Dead link|date=July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Trafford zai kasance cikin jerin 'yan wasa na farko a cikin shekaru 2.5 na farko a Inverness, yana nuna kyakkyawan tsari lokacin da yake samun wasanni akai-akai. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andy Skinner |date=13 November 2019 |title=Trafford challenged to consolidate Caley Jags midfield place |url=https://www.pressandjournal.co.uk/fp/sport/football/inverness-caledonian-thistle/1888028/trafford-challenged-to-consolidate-caley-jags-midfield-place/ |website=The Press and Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Andy Skinner |date=9 November 2019 |title=Caley Thistle's Gayfield trip nothing compared to Trafford's experiences playing in freezing Finland |url=https://www.pressandjournal.co.uk/fp/sport/football/inverness-caledonian-thistle/1885970/finnishing-school-in-lapland-so-gayfield-is-no-problem/ |website=The Press and Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya bar ƙungiyar a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2019-20. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 June 2020 |title=End of Season 2019/20 Squad Update |url=https://ictfc.com/end-of-season-2019-20-squad-update}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sannan ya sanya hannu kan Hamilton Academical . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Trafford agrees deal with Premiership side Accies after leaving Inverness |url=https://www.pressandjournal.co.uk/fp/sport/football/inverness-caledonian-thistle/2296286/trafford-agrees-deal-with-premiership-side-accies-after-leaving-inverness/}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 19 ga Mayu 2021 an sanar da cewa zai bar Hamilton a ƙarshen kakar wasa, bayan ƙarewar kwangilarsa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 May 2021 |title=End of Season Summary |url=https://hamiltonacciesfc.co.uk/end-of-season-summary/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519121241/https://hamiltonacciesfc.co.uk/end-of-season-summary/ |archive-date=19 May 2021 |access-date=19 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Wales ===
Trafford ya rattaba hannu da ƙungiyar Wrexham ta National League a ranar 25 ga Oktoba 2021, inda ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar ɗan gajeren lokaci bayan gwajin da aka yi masa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Ollie |date=25 October 2021 |title=Signed {{!}} Wrexham Sign Midfielder Charlie Trafford |url=https://www.wrexhamafc.co.uk/news/2021/october/signed--wrexham-sign-midfielder-charlie-trafford/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519170616/https://www.wrexhamafc.co.uk/news/2021/october/signed--wrexham-sign-midfielder-charlie-trafford/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=21 July 2025 |publisher=[[Wrexham A.F.C.]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Janairun 2022, an sanar da cewa kwangilar Trafford ta ƙare ba tare da ya buga wa ƙungiyar wasa ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Henrys |first=Colin |date=30 January 2022 |title=Squad Update {{!}} Dawid Szczepaniak extends contract; Charlie Trafford released |url=https://www.wrexhamafc.co.uk/news/2022/january/new-pasquad-update--dawid-szczepaniak-extends-contract-charlie-trafford-releasedge/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519172919/https://www.wrexhamafc.co.uk/news/2022/january/new-pasquad-update--dawid-szczepaniak-extends-contract-charlie-trafford-releasedge/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=21 July 2025 |publisher=[[Wrexham A.F.C.]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ƙungiyar Sojan Dawaki ta Cavalry ===
A ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, 2022, Trafford ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da kulob dinsa na asali, Cavalry FC na Kanada, inda ya haɗu da ɗan uwansa Mason . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 February 2022 |title=Cavalry FC Welcomes &quot;New Trafford&quot; To the Roster |url=https://cavalryfc.canpl.ca/article/cavalry-fc-welcomes-new-trafford-to-the-roster |access-date=17 February 2022 |publisher=[[Cavalry FC]] |archive-date=17 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217155651/https://cavalryfc.canpl.ca/article/cavalry-fc-welcomes-new-trafford-to-the-roster |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Janairun 2024, Trafford ya tsawaita kwangilarsa da Cavalry har zuwa kakar wasa ta 2025, tare da zaɓin kulob na 2026. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 January 2024 |title=Cavalry FC Re-signs midfielder Charlie Trafford |url=https://cavalryfc.canpl.ca/article/cavalry-fc-re-signs-charlie-trafford |website=Cavalry FC |access-date=22 July 2026 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222064601/https://cavalryfc.canpl.ca/article/cavalry-fc-re-signs-charlie-trafford |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jacques |first=John |date=22 January 2024 |title=Cavalry Inks Charlie Trafford To Multi-Year Deal |url=https://northerntribune.ca/cavalry-fc-charlie-trafford-sign-2024/ |access-date=23 January 2024 |website=Northern Tribune |language=en-CA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a kulob din a watan Mayun 2024 a kan Vancouver FC . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Todd Saelhof |date=3 May 2024 |title=Cavalry ruthless against Vancouver in collecting first win of CPL campaign |url=https://calgaryherald.com/sports/cavalry-ruthless-in-collecting-first-win-of-cpl-campaign |website=Calgary Herald}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Maris na 2025, ya sanar da yin ritaya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 25, 2025 |title=Cavalry FC Midfielder Charlie Trafford Announces Retirement |url=https://cavalryfc.canpl.ca/article/cavalry-fc-midfielder-charlie-trafford-announces-retirement |website=[[Cavalry FC]] |access-date=July 22, 2026 |archive-date=March 26, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250326180700/https://cavalryfc.canpl.ca/article/cavalry-fc-midfielder-charlie-trafford-announces-retirement |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa ==
An gayyaci Trafford a karon farko zuwa tawagar ƙasar Kanada a ranar 6 ga Oktoba 2015 a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Kyle Bekker, wanda ya janye daga tawagar saboda rauni. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 October 2015 |title=Canada loses 2 to injury ahead of Ghana friendly |url=http://www.sportsnet.ca/soccer/canada-loses-2-to-injury-ahead-of-ghana-friendly/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara buga wasa bayan kwana bakwai a ranar 13 ga Oktoba, inda ya fara wasa a tsakiyar fili da [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 October 2015 |title=Canada MNT deliver impressive performance in Ghana draw |url=http://www.canadasoccer.com/-canada-mnt-deliver-impressive-performance-in-ghana-draw-p158721 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117051631/http://www.canadasoccer.com/-canada-mnt-deliver-impressive-performance-in-ghana-draw-p158721 |archive-date=17 November 2015 |access-date=14 October 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
Ɗan uwansa Mason Trafford shi ma ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne. Dukansu sun buga wa ƙungiyar IFK Mariehamn da Cavalry FC wasa. &lt;ref name=&quot;RNO1&quot; /&gt; A watan Nuwamba na 2023 ya fara harkar noma a birane tare da 'yar uwarsa Sya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Neil Davidson |date=February 13, 2025 |title=Cavalry FC midfielder Charlie Trafford looking to make a difference on the food front |url=https://www.thespec.com/sports/soccer/cavalry-fc-midfielder-charlie-trafford-looking-to-make-a-difference-on-the-food-front |website=Calgary Herald}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Trafford wani ɓangare ne na ƙungiyar Northern Super League Calgary Wild . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 10, 2025 |title=Adekugbe, Trafford join ownership group of NSL's Calgary Wild FC |url=https://www.tsn.ca/soccer/sam-adekugbe-charlie-trafford-join-ownership-group-of-nsl-s-calgary-wild-fc-1.2286395 |website=TSN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙididdigar aiki ==
{{Updated|13 February 2025}}&lt;ref name = &quot;SW&quot;/&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Club
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Season
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |National Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |League Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Other
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
|Mariehamn
|2013
|Veikkausliiga
|7
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|7
|2
|-
|TPS
|2014
|Veikkausliiga
|5
|0
|1
|0
|3
|0
|0
|0
|9
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |KuPS
|2014
|Veikkausliiga
|21
|3
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|0
|0
|21
|3
|-
|2015
|Veikkausliiga
|28
|5
|3
|0
|4
|1
|0
|0
|35
|6
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!49
!8
!3
!0
!4
!1
!0
!0
!56
!9
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Korona Kielce
|2015–16
|Ekstraklasa
|3
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|3
|0
|-
|2016–17
|Ekstraklasa
|0
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|1
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!3
!0
!1
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!4
!0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Korona Kielce II
|2015–16&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Sezon 2015/16 |url=http://www.90minut.pl/wystepy.php?id=31193&amp;id_sezon=87 |access-date=24 May 2024 |website=90minut.pl |language=pl}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|III liga, gr. G
|6
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|6
|0
|-
|2016–17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Zawodnik: Charlie Trafford |url=https://www.laczynaspilka.pl/rozgrywki/zawodnik/40e99945-c41e-4044-87ef-fc08af89b8ee?season=2016%2F2017&amp;leagueId=1bbf167f-ec17-4d1f-91f2-6ef0e4b8fc18&amp;tab=tab-matches |access-date=24 May 2024 |website=laczynaspilka.pl |language=pl}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|IV liga Holy Cross
|8
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|8
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!14
!2
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!14
!2
|-
|Sandecja Nowy Sącz
|2016–17
|I liga
|8
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|8
|0
|-
|RoPS
|2017
|Veikkausliiga
|6
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|6
|1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Inverness Caledonian Thistle
|2017–18
|Scottish Championship
|26
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
|28
|0
|-
|2018–19
|Scottish Championship
|24
|1
|6
|0
|3
|0
|5
|1
|38
|2
|-
|2019–20
|Scottish Championship
|20
|0
|3
|1
|3
|0
|4
|1
|30
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!70
!1
!10
!1
!6
!0
!10
!2
!96
!4
|-
|Hamilton Academical
|2020–21
|Scottish Premiership
|17{{Efn|Includes appearance on 1 May 2021, v [[St Mirren F.C.|St Mirren]] not recorded on Soccerbase or Soccerway:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=St Mirren 1—2 Accies, 1st May 2021|url=https://www.hamiltonacciesfc.co.uk/st-mirren-1-2-accies-1st-may-2021/|website=hamiltonacciesfc.co.uk|last=McConnell|first=Martin|date=1 May 2021|access-date=8 May 2021|archive-date=4 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210504080741/https://hamiltonacciesfc.co.uk/st-mirren-1-2-accies-1st-may-2021/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|0
|0
|0
|1
|1
|0
|0
|18
|1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Cavalry FC
|2022
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Canadian Premier League
|23
|0
|2
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
|26
|0
|-
|2023
|25
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
|3
|0
|29
|0
|-
|2024
|20
|1
|3
|0
|0
|0
|4
|0
|27
|1
|-
|2025
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|1
|2
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!68
!1
!6
!0
!0
!0
!10
!1
!84
!2
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Career total
!247
!15
!21
!1
!14
!2
!20
!3
!302
!21
|}
{{Notelist}}

== Daraja ==
'''Sandecja Nowy Sącz'''

* Gasar Cin Kofin Zakarun Turai : 2016–17 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nice I liga 2016/2017 |url=http://www.90minut.pl/liga/0/liga8695.html |access-date=24 May 2024 |website=90minut.pl |language=pl}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* Charlie Trafford at 90minut.pl (in Polish)
* Charlie Trafford at Canada Soccer
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]]

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>sif24hmdgbj3byyir7zpx1uj3wkvten</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bettina Pousttchi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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'''Bettina Pousttchi''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1971) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar asalin Jamus da Iran. A halin yanzu tana zaune a Berlin. Ta yi aiki a fannin sassaka, [[Photography|daukar hoto]], bidiyo da kuma shigarwa na musamman a wurin aiki . {{R|bg|nasher}}  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Buchmann Galerie |url=https://buchmanngalerie.com/artists/bettina-pousttchi |access-date=14 October 2022 |website=Buchmann Galerie}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ==
Bettina Poustchi tayi karatu a Kunstakademie Düsseldorf karkashin Rosemarie Trockel da {{Interlanguage link|Gerhard Merz (artist)|de|Gerhard Merz (Künstler)}} (1995–1999). Daga 1999–2000, ta shiga cikin Shirin Studio Mai Zaman Kanta na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Fasaha ta Amurka da ke New York. {{R|nasher}} &lt;ref name=&quot;Bettina Pousttchi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bettina Pousttchi |url=https://www.pousttchi.com/biography |access-date=14 October 2022 |website=Pousttchi}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi aiki a Venice Biennale a shekarar 2003 sannan kuma a shekarar 2009. {{R|nasher}} A cikin 2014, ta sami [[Kunstpreis der Stadt Wolfsburg]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Städtische Galerie Wolfsburg |url=https://english.staedtische-galerie-wolfsburg.de/archive#archive-2014 |access-date=2022-02-22 |website=english.staedtische-galerie-wolfsburg.de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222162313/https://english.staedtische-galerie-wolfsburg.de/archive#archive-2014 |archive-date=2022-02-22 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2016 ta kasance ma'aikaciyar Villa Aurora da ke Los Angeles. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Grant Recipient Details - VATMH (en) |url=https://www.vatmh.org/en/grant-recipient-details/grant/347-bettina-pousttchi.html |access-date=2024-08-20 |website=www.vatmh.org |archive-date=2024-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240820165949/https://www.vatmh.org/en/grant-recipient-details/grant/347-bettina-pousttchi.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aiki ==

=== ''Agogon Lokaci na Duniya'' ===
''Agogon Lokaci na Duniya'' shine jerin hotuna mafi cikakken bayani da mawakiyar ta ɗauka zuwa yanzu, wanda ta shafe tana yawo a yankuna daban-daban na duniya a matakai daban-daban tun daga shekarar 2008. A kowanne wuri ta ɗauki hotunan agogon jama'a a lokaci guda: 1:55{{Spaces}}yamma. Don haka wani aiki ya bullo a duk faɗin duniya wanda ke nazarin tsarin siyasa da zamantakewa na lokaci da sarari. 

A shekarar 2016–2017, an nuna ''agogon lokaci na duniya'' a Gidan Tarihi da Lambun Zane na Hirshhorn a cikin wani gabatarwa mai digiri 360. {{R|hirsh}} Bayan gabatar da shirin farko a Gidan Tarihi da Lambun Zane na Hirshhorn da ke Washington DC, an kuma gabatar da shirin a Berlin a [[Gidan baje kolin Berlin|Berlinische Galerie]], Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani na Berlin a 2019/2020 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bettina Pousttchi, 'World Time Clock' |url=https://www.artlog.net/de/kunstbulletin-3-2011/bettina-pousttchi-world-time-clock |access-date=2023-07-21 |website=www.artlog.net |language=de |archive-date=2023-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721112206/https://www.artlog.net/de/kunstbulletin-3-2011/bettina-pousttchi-world-time-clock |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma Gidan Tarihi na Aurora da ke Shanghai a 2023. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=World Time Clock exhibition marks time at Shanghai Aurora Museum |url=https://en.shanghai.gov.cn/nw48081/20231127/a62d5f2026884aee9b9ee78c7ad53f4b.html |access-date=2024-08-20 |website=en.shanghai.gov.cn |archive-date=2024-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240819072911/https://en.shanghai.gov.cn/nw48081/20231127/a62d5f2026884aee9b9ee78c7ad53f4b.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Zane-zane ===
[[Fayil:Skulptur_Vertical_Highways_Bettina_Pousttchi_Washingtonplatz_Hauptbahnhof_Berlin_05.jpg|thumb| ''Manyan Hanyoyi Masu Tsaye'' (2023) a Berlin Hauptbahnhof, Jamus]]
Tun daga shekarar 2005, ayyukan sassaka na Pousttchi galibi suna amfani da abubuwan titi kamar sandunan titi, shingayen taron jama'a ko wuraren ajiye kekuna a matsayin wurin farawa. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 September 2019 |title=Bettina Pousttchi |url=https://berlinischegalerie.de/en/exhibition/bettina-pousttchi/ |access-date=2022-07-14 |website=berlinischegalerie.de |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tana canza waɗannan abubuwan yau da kullun zuwa sabbin kayan sassaka masu launuka da saman daban-daban. Sabbin sassakanta ''na Vertical Highways'' sun kasance canje-canje na shingayen haɗari. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bettina Pousttchi. Fluidity / Arp Museum Rolandseck |url=https://arpmuseum.org/en/exhibitions/temporary-exhibitions/retrospective/bettina-pousttchi-fluidity.html |access-date=2022-07-14 |website=arpmuseum.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daidaitawar tsaye da amfani da wani abu da aka riga aka tsara yana canza fahimtar sararin mai kallo kuma yana ba aikin ma'anar gine-gine. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bettina Pousttchi: sculpture and photography |url=https://buchmanngalerie.com/artist/bettina-pousttchi |access-date=2022-07-14 |website=buchmanngalerie.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta hanyar amfani da dabaru kamar lanƙwasawa ko matsewa, da kuma sake canza launinsu, Pousttchi yana rage waɗannan abubuwan yau da kullun daga aikinsu na yau da kullun kuma yana cire su daga mahallin ma'anarsu, yana mai da su alamun canji, tsarin ruwa da kuma iyakokin narkewa. An gabatar da wannan sabon aikin a Berlin a Berlinische Galerie a lokacin baje kolin binciken mai zane ''a cikin 'yan shekarun nan'' a 2019/2020. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

An gabatar da uku daga cikin waɗannan sassaka a Lambun Tuileries da ke [[Faris|Paris]] a watan Oktoban 2021, a matsayin wani ɓangare na baje kolin waje na ''Hors les Murs'' a gaban Gidan Tarihi na Louvre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hors les Murs |url=https://www.fiac.com/en-gb/programmation/fiac-hors-les-murs/jardin-des-tuileries.html |access-date=2022-07-14 |website=www.fiac.com |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Babban sassakanta na wannan jerin shine {{Convert|6|m|ft|-tall}} sassaka na jama'a wanda ke gaban Tashar Babban Tashar Berlin a Washingtonplatz, ɗaya daga cikin wurare da aka fi ziyarta a Berlin, idan aka kwatanta da Reichstag.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-04-26 |title=Berlin: Sechs Meter hohe Leitplanken als Blickfang vor dem Hauptbahnhof |url=https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/news/station-to-station-rote-skulptur-als-blickfang-am-berliner-hauptbahnhof-li.342314 |access-date=2023-05-26 |website=Berliner Zeitung |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Konzerthaus Berlin ta ba wa mai zane 2021 aikin a bikin cika shekaru biyu da kafuwa, ''Amplifier'' ya canza ginin tarihi na Karl Friedrich Schinkel a kan Gendarmenmarkt . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2021-06-11 |title=Bettina Pousttchi: Unveiling Amplifier, a Monumental Site-Specific Installation at Berlin's Konzerthaus |url=https://magazine.artland.com/bettina-pousttchi-site-specific-installation-at-berlins-konzerthaus/ |access-date=2022-02-22 |website=Artland Magazine |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222171523/https://magazine.artland.com/bettina-pousttchi-site-specific-installation-at-berlins-konzerthaus/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ga Bundeskunsthalle Bonn, mai zane ya yi aikin gina rufin gida mai suna ''The Curve'' a shekarar 2022/2023, mai {{Convert|37|m|ft|-long}} sassaka mai haɗin gwiwa wanda ya gayyaci mai kallo ya yi amfani da abin. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bundeskunsthalle - Rückschau |url=https://www.bundeskunsthalle.de/ausstellungen/rueckschau |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarin abubuwa ==
Ana gudanar da ayyukanta a cikin tarin jama'a daban-daban, daga cikinsu akwai Gidan Tarihi da Lambun Zane na Hirshhorn da Tarin Phillips a Washington, DC, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bettina Pousttchi: World Time Clock |url=https://hirshhorn.si.edu/exhibitions/bettina-pousttchi-world-time-clock/ |access-date=2021-10-07 |website=Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden {{!}} Smithsonian |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 June 2016 |title=Bettina Pousttchi: Double Monuments |url=https://www.phillipscollection.org/event/2016-06-08-bettina-pousttchi-double-monuments |access-date=2021-10-07 |website=www.phillipscollection.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙungiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Arts Club of Chicago » Exhibition Opening {{!}} Bettina Pousttchi: Suspended Mies |url=https://www.artsclubchicago.org/exhibition-opening-bettina-pousttchi-suspended-mies/ |access-date=2021-10-07 |archive-date=2021-10-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007031822/https://www.artsclubchicago.org/exhibition-opening-bettina-pousttchi-suspended-mies/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Cibiyar Zane na Nasher a Dallas, Texas, {{R|nasher2}} [[Gidan baje kolin Berlin|Gidan Tarihi na Berlinische]] a Berlin, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=12 September 2019 |title=Bettina Pousttchi |url=https://berlinischegalerie.de/en/exhibition/bettina-pousttchi/ |access-date=2021-10-07 |website=berlinischegalerie.de |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Albertina a Vienna, &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-06-12 |title=Bettina Pousttchi: sculpture and photography |url=https://buchmanngalerie.com/artists/bettina-pousttchi#biography |access-date=2024-08-20 |website=buchmanngalerie.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan Tarihi na Von-der-Heydt a [[Wuppertal]], &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; Kunsthalle Bielefeld, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ankäufe « Förderkreis Kunsthalle Bielefeld e.V. |url=https://www.foerderkreis-kunsthalle-bielefeld.de/ankaeufe/ |access-date=2022-07-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma a cikin tarin Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Jamus. 

== Haɗin gwiwa ==
Mawakiyar ta daɗe tana aiki tare da Rosemarie Trockel da Daniel Buren, ta kasance cikin wani fim na Lawrence Weiner kuma memba ce a ƙungiyar Brutally Early Club &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Brutally Early Club |url=http://www.brutallyearlyclub.org/ |access-date=2023-07-21 |website=www.brutallyearlyclub.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; wadda Hans Ulrich Obrist ya kafa.

== Tallafi da kyaututtuka ==

* 2016: Villa Aurora, Los Angeles &lt;ref name=&quot;Bettina Pousttchi&quot;/&gt;
* 2014: Wolfsburg Art Prize, Junge Stadt sieht Junge Kunst &lt;ref name=&quot;Bettina Pousttchi&quot; /&gt;
* 2008: Horarwa, Cibiyar Bincike don Fasaha ta Ƙasashen Waje, Asali da Ƙasa, Jami'ar Fasaha, London &lt;ref name=&quot;Bettina Pousttchi&quot; /&gt;
* 2007: BBAX - Berlin Buenos Aires Art Exchange &lt;ref name=&quot;Bettina Pousttchi&quot; /&gt;
* 2005: Lardin Förderprojekt &lt;ref name=&quot;Bettina Pousttchi&quot; /&gt;
* 2000: Kunststiftung NRW &lt;ref name=&quot;Bettina Pousttchi&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1971]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Dawn M. Bennett</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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 {{Databox}}

'''Dawn M. Bennett''' (an haife ta a ranar 13 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1992) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka, wacce aka sani da aikinta a kan wasan kwaikwayo na Turanci, tana magana da Sody Pop a ''Chikn Nuggit'', Zora Salazar a Epithet Erased, Nabbit a ''Super Mario Bros. Wonder'', da Aigis a Persona 3 Reload .

== Ayyuka ==
A lokacin da take karatun zangon karatunta na farko a Kwalejin Kiɗa ta Berklee, Bennett ta halarci wani taron da aka yi a Berklee's Video Game Music Club. Tare da muryar da aka yi amfani da ita a matsayin zaɓi, ta gwada kuma daga baya shugaban ƙungiyar ya ƙarfafa ta ta ci gaba da yin wasan kwaikwayo na murya. Bennett ta ci gaba da yin aikin sa kai don aikin injiniyan ɗalibai a duk lokacin da take jami'a, kuma ta mayar da hankali kan kiɗa zuwa wasan kwaikwayo na murya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Crilly-Mckean |first=Alex |date=July 31, 2018 |title=Interview With Dawn M. Bennett |url=https://www.watchmojo.com/blog/2018/07/31/interview-with-dawn-m-bennett |access-date=December 8, 2021 |website=[[WatchMojo]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Bennett ta fito ne daga asalin Filipino &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|last=Bennett|first=Dawn M.|user=DawnMBennettVA|date=14 January 2023|title=My name is Dawn M. Bennett and I'm a Filipino/Ashkenazi Jewish voice actor. Here is my 2022 interactive visual reel! 🎙🎮✨|access-date=2 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma kakan mahaifinta Bayahude ne na Ashkenazi . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|last=Bennett|first=Dawn M.|user=DawnMBennettVA|date=29 March 2021|title=Today, I just learned my grandpa on my dad's side was 100% Ashkenazi Jewish. I didn't know him at all because he passed long before I was born. My mind is blown today. 🤯|access-date=2 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tana da rikicewar [[Rashin hankali na rashin ƙarfi|Rashin kulawa]], [[Matsalar damuwa|damuwa]], da [[Babban rashin damuwa|baƙin ciki]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|last=Bennett|first=Dawn M.|user=DawnMBennettVA|date=22 April 2024|title=lmao yeah i got anxiety and depression with a dash of adhd have had em for a while tho|access-date=2 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|last=Bennett|first=Dawn M.|user=DawnMBennettVA|date=2 July 2024|title=super random thought but i wanna thank @JaidenAnimation for making videos about asexuality and adhd and anxiety and burnout because i link people to em all the time when i try to explain how any of those things work|access-date=2 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar ƙarshe ta watan alfahari na 2024, Bennett ya fito ne a matsayin mai jima'i, musamman ya nuna kansa a matsayin mai lalata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|last=Bennett|first=Dawn|user=DawnMBennettVA|date=1 July 2024|title=🌈 Happy Last Day of #Pride2024! 🌈 I've always been a li'l anxious to say it out loud, but screw it! 🖤🩶 I'm asexual! 🤍💜 To be more specific, I fall under the demi category. I've actually been demi for over a decade, but didn't know it had a name until much later! 🏳️‍🌈|access-date=2 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== fina-finai ==

=== Jerin anime ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+List of voice performances in anime series
!Year
!Title
!Role
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Notes
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
|2014
|''Fairy Tail''
|Frosch
|First Funimation role
|&lt;ref name=&quot;fairy&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Loveridge |first=Lynzee |date=August 9, 2014 |title=4 More Cast Members Join Funimation's Fairy Tail Dub |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2014-08-09/4-more-cast-members-join-funimation-fairy-tail-dub/.77376 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181019023911/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2014-08-09/4-more-cast-members-join-funimation-fairy-tail-dub/.77376 |archive-date=October 19, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2015
|''Sky Wizards Academy''
|Rico Flamel
|Main role
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pineda |first=Rafael Antonio |date=August 13, 2015 |title=Funimation Unveils Sky Wizards Academy Broadcast Dub Cast, Preview Video |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-08-13/funimation-unveils-sky-wizards-academy-broadcast-dub-cast-preview-video/.91615 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530054418/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-08-13/funimation-unveils-sky-wizards-academy-broadcast-dub-cast-preview-video/.91615 |archive-date=May 30, 2019 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Shomin Sample''
|Sumire Kiryū
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pineda |first=Rafael Antonio |date=November 6, 2015 |title=Funimation Announces Shomin Sample Broadcast Dub Cast |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-11-06/funimation-announces-shomin-sample-broadcast-dub-cast/.95058 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181019010710/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-11-06/funimation-announces-shomin-sample-broadcast-dub-cast/.95058 |archive-date=October 19, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Dance with Devils''
|Ritsuka Tachibana
|Lead role
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sherman |first=Jennifer |date=November 7, 2015 |title=Funimation Announces Dance with Devils Broadcast Dub Cast |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-11-07/funimation-announces-dance-with-devils-broadcast-dub-cast/.95109 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025034737/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-11-07/funimation-announces-dance-with-devils-broadcast-dub-cast/.95109 |archive-date=October 25, 2019 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;13&quot; |2016
|''Garo: The Animation''
|Esmeralda
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Loo |first=Egan |date=February 27, 2016 |title=Funimation Reveals Garo the Animation Dub Cast |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-02-27/funimation-reveals-garo-the-animation-dub-cast/.99162 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018033128/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-02-27/funimation-reveals-garo-the-animation-dub-cast/.99162 |archive-date=October 18, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Hundred''
|Karen Kisaragi
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 16, 2017 |title=December 2017 Home Video Releases |url=https://www.funimation.com/blog/2017/09/16/december-2017-home-video-releases/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219043945/https://www.funimation.com/blog/2017/09/16/december-2017-home-video-releases/ |archive-date=December 19, 2018 |access-date=November 28, 2021 |website=[[Funimation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''First Love Monster''
|Chiaki Yokouchi
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hodgkins |first=Crystalyn |date=July 15, 2016 |title=Bryn Apprill, Eric Vale Star in Funimation's Broadcast Dub Cast for First Love Monster Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-07-15/bryn-apprill-eric-vale-star-in-funimation-broadcast-dub-cast-for-first-love-monster-anime/.104364 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018161420/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-07-15/bryn-apprill-eric-vale-star-in-funimation-broadcast-dub-cast-for-first-love-monster-anime/.104364 |archive-date=October 18, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Puzzle &amp;amp;amp; Dragons X''
|Hal
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ressler |first=Karen |date=July 18, 2016 |title=Josh Grelle, Justin Briner Star in Funimation's Puzzle &amp; Dragons X English Broadcast Dub |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-07-18/josh-grelle-justin-briner-star-in-funimation-puzzle-and-dragons-x-english-broadcast-dub/.104443 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104110053/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-07-18/josh-grelle-justin-briner-star-in-funimation-puzzle-and-dragons-x-english-broadcast-dub/.104443 |archive-date=January 4, 2019 |access-date=November 28, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Castle Town Dandelion''
|Reiko Saotome
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ressler |first=Karen |date=September 27, 2016 |title=Funimation Streams Castle Town Dandelion English Dub Trailer |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-09-27/funimation-streams-castle-town-dandelion-english-dub-trailer/.106968 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508214817/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-09-27/funimation-streams-castle-town-dandelion-english-dub-trailer/.106968 |archive-date=May 8, 2019 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Bikini Warriors''
|Dark Elf
|Main role
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pineda |first=Rafael Antonio |date=October 5, 2016 |title=Funimation Reveals Bikini Warriors Anime's English Dub Cast |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-10-05/funimation-reveals-bikini-warriors-anime-english-dub-cast/.107283 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331231456/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-10-05/funimation-reveals-bikini-warriors-anime-english-dub-cast/.107283 |archive-date=March 31, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Three Leaves, Three Colors''
|Asako Kondo, Eternal
|
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dawn M Bennett (visual voices guide) |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/Dawn-M-Bennett |access-date=11 July 2022 |website=Behind The Voice Actors}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Tales of Zestiria the X''
|Ganette
|
|-
|''Touken Ranbu: Hanamaru''
|Hotarumaru
|
|-
|''Keijo!!!!!!!!''
|Miku Kobayakawa
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sherman |first=Jennifer |date=October 24, 2016 |title=Funimation Reveals English Dub Cast for Keijo!!!!!!!! Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-10-24/funimation-reveals-english-dub-cast-for-keijo-anime/.108053 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017145456/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-10-24/funimation-reveals-english-dub-cast-for-keijo-anime/.108053 |archive-date=October 17, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Show By Rock!! Season 2''
|A
|
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;fall16&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 18, 2016 |title=Fall 2016 SimulDub™ English Cast Announcements – For The Love of Dubs |url=https://www.funimation.com/blog/2016/10/18/fall-2016-simuldub-english-cast-announcements-for-the-love-of-dubs/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170411060707/https://www.funimation.com/blog/2016/10/18/fall-2016-simuldub-english-cast-announcements-for-the-love-of-dubs/ |archive-date=April 11, 2017 |access-date=November 28, 2021 |website=[[Funimation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''All Out!!''
|Ririn
|
|-
|''Overlord''
|Bukubuku Chagama
|
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;22&quot; |2017
|''Dragon Ball Super''
|Kale, Kelfa, Fairy C
|
|-
|''Chaos;Child''
|Mio
|
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;winter17&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 3, 2017 |title=Official Winter 2017 SimulDub Lineup |url=https://www.funimation.com/blog/2017/01/03/official-winter-2017-simuldub-lineup/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228041653/https://www.funimation.com/blog/2017/01/03/official-winter-2017-simuldub-lineup/ |archive-date=February 28, 2018 |access-date=November 28, 2021 |website=[[Funimation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Akiba's Trip: The Animation''
|Kikuchi
|
|-
|''Nanbaka''
|Noriko
|Season 2
|-
|''Trickster''
|Yoshio's Mom
|
|-
|''ēlDLIVE''
|Misuzu
|Main role
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ressler |first=Karen |date=February 4, 2017 |title=Funimation Announces ēlDLIVE English Dub Cast |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-02-04/funimation-announces-eldlive-english-dub-cast/.111855 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207065610/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-02-04/funimation-announces-eldlive-english-dub-cast/.111855 |archive-date=December 7, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Masamune-kun's Revenge''
|Kikune Kiba
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ressler |first=Karen |date=February 6, 2017 |title=Funimation Announces Masamune-kun's Revenge Anime's English Dub Cast |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-02-06/funimation-announces-masamune-kun-revenge-anime-english-dub-cast/.111921 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607145157/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-02-06/funimation-announces-masamune-kun-revenge-anime-english-dub-cast/.111921 |archive-date=June 7, 2019 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Chain Chronicle: The Light of Haecceitas''
|Phoena
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Yuan |first=Kevin |date=February 7, 2017 |title=Funimation Reveals English Dub Cast for Chain Chronicle Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-02-07/funimation-reveals-english-dub-cast-for-chain-chronicle-anime/.111936 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712113616/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-02-07/funimation-reveals-english-dub-cast-for-chain-chronicle-anime/.111936 |archive-date=July 12, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''ACCA: 13-Territory Inspection Dept.''
|Ébène
|
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Sakura Quest''
|Yuika
|
|-
|''Brave Witches''
|Flight Sergeant Shimohara Sadako
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ressler |first=Karen |date=May 5, 2017 |title=Funimation Announces English Dub Casts for Clockwork Planet, Brave Witches Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-05-05/funimation-announces-english-dub-casts-for-clockwork-planet-brave-witches-anime/.115762 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216032141/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-05-05/funimation-announces-english-dub-casts-for-clockwork-planet-brave-witches-anime/.115762 |archive-date=December 16, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Love Tyrant''
|Seiji's Mother
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hodgkins |first=Crystalyn |date=April 28, 2017 |title=Funimation Reveals English Dub Cast For Love Tyrant Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-04-28/funimation-reveals-english-dub-cast-for-love-tyrant-anime/.115420 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180514090019/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-04-28/funimation-reveals-english-dub-cast-for-love-tyrant-anime/.115420 |archive-date=May 14, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Seven Mortal Sins''
|Satan
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hodgkins |first=Crystalyn |date=April 30, 2017 |title=Funimation Reveals English Dub Casts For KADO: The Right Answer, Seven Mortal Sins Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-04-30/funimation-reveals-english-dub-casts-for-kado-the-right-answer-seven-mortal-sins-anime/.115494 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180315072106/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-04-30/funimation-reveals-english-dub-casts-for-kado-the-right-answer-seven-mortal-sins-anime/.115494 |archive-date=March 15, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''KanColle: Kantai Collection''
|Hiei
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Hyouka''
|Yuasa
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pineda |first=Rafael Antonio |date=April 28, 2017 |title=Funimation Streams English-Dubbed Trailer for Hyouka Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-04-28/funimation-streams-english-dubbed-trailer-for-hyouka-anime/.115408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715182044/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-04-28/funimation-streams-english-dubbed-trailer-for-hyouka-anime/.115408 |archive-date=July 15, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Restaurant to Another World''
|Fardania
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Hina Logic - from Luck &amp;amp;amp; Logic''
|Karen
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ressler |first=Karen |date=July 25, 2017 |title=Funimation Announces Simuldub Casts for A Centaur's Life, Hina Logic, Gamers!, Convenience Store Boy Friends |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-07-25/funimation-announces-simuldub-casts-for-a-centaur-life-hina-logic-gamers-convenience-store-boy-/.119321 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127211536/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-07-25/funimation-announces-simuldub-casts-for-a-centaur-life-hina-logic-gamers-convenience-store-boy-/.119321 |archive-date=November 27, 2021 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Gamers!''
|Niina Oiso
|
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Tsuredure Children''
|Patricia Caulfield
|
|-
|''Konohana Kitan''
|Satsuki
|Main role
|-
|''Black Clover''
|Sister Lily
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ressler |first=Karen |date=October 26, 2017 |title=Funimation Reveals Black Clover English Dub Cast, October 29 Premiere |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-10-26/funimation-reveals-black-clover-english-dub-cast-october-29-premiere/.123258 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629110500/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-10-26/funimation-reveals-black-clover-english-dub-cast-october-29-premiere/.123258 |archive-date=June 29, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Anime-Gataris''
|Minoa
|Lead role
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Piselli |first=Justin |date=October 27, 2017 |title=Funimation Reveals English Dub Casts for Anime-Gataris, A Sister's All You Need, Recovery of an MMO Junkie Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-10-27/funimation-reveals-english-dub-casts-for-anime-gataris-a-sister-all-you-need-recovery-of-an-mmo-/.123313 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125015309/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-10-27/funimation-reveals-english-dub-casts-for-anime-gataris-a-sister-all-you-need-recovery-of-an-mmo-/.123313 |archive-date=November 25, 2021 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2018–2025
|''My Hero Academia''
|Setsuna Tokage
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |2018
|''Tokyo Ghoul:re''
|Shion Satomi
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Hanebado!''
|Nagisa
|Lead role
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 21, 2018 |title=Our Summer 2018 SimulDub lineup is just for you! |url=https://www.funimation.com/blog/2018/06/21/summer-simuldub-lineup-just/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418215040/https://www.funimation.com/blog/2018/06/21/summer-simuldub-lineup-just/ |archive-date=April 18, 2019 |access-date=November 28, 2021 |website=[[Funimation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime''
|Shizue
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hodgkins |first=Crystalyn |date=October 20, 2018 |title=Funimation Reveals English Dub Casts for That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime, RErideD Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-10-20/funimation-reveals-english-dub-casts-for-that-time-i-got-reincarnated-as-a-slime-rerided-anime/.138411 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023120346/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-10-20/funimation-reveals-english-dub-casts-for-that-time-i-got-reincarnated-as-a-slime-rerided-anime/.138411 |archive-date=October 23, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Zombie Land Saga''
|Tae Yamada
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hodgkins |first=Crystalyn |date=October 25, 2018 |title=Funimation Reveals English Dub Casts for Goblin Slayer, Ulysses, Zombie Land Saga Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-10-25/funimation-reveals-english-dub-casts-for-goblin-slayer-ulysses-zombie-land-saga-anime/.138595 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025103211/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-10-25/funimation-reveals-english-dub-casts-for-goblin-slayer-ulysses-zombie-land-saga-anime/.138595 |archive-date=October 25, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Ace Attorney''
|Maggey
|Season 2
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ressler |first=Karen |date=October 29, 2018 |title=Funimation Announces Dub Cast Members for Radiant, Conception, Ace Attorney Season 2 Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-10-29/funimation-announces-dub-cast-members-for-radiant-conception-ace-attorney-season-2-anime/.138800 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128231724/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-10-29/funimation-announces-dub-cast-members-for-radiant-conception-ace-attorney-season-2-anime/.138800 |archive-date=November 28, 2018 |access-date=November 28, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''RErideD: Derrida, who leaps through time''
|Marie
|
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;fall18&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 3, 2018 |title=Our Fall 2018 SimulDub lineup is here! |url=https://www.funimation.com/blog/2018/10/03/fall-2018-simuldub-lineup/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330011238/https://www.funimation.com/blog/2018/10/03/fall-2018-simuldub-lineup/ |archive-date=March 30, 2019 |access-date=November 28, 2021 |website=[[Funimation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Conception''
|Capri
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |2019
|''Boogiepop and Others''
|Additional Voices
|4 episodes
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Boogiepop &amp; Others |url=https://blog.funimation.com/boogiepop-others/ |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=Funimation - Blog! |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520131630/https://blog.funimation.com/boogiepop-others/ |archive-date=2022-05-20 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''YU-NO: A Girl Who Chants Love at the Bound of this World''
|Ayumi Arima
|
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Kono Oto Tomare! Sounds of Life''
|Kou
|
|-
|''Sarazanmai''
|Nyantaro
|
|-
|''The Helpful Fox Senko-san''
|Yozora
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Loveridge |first=Lynzee |date=April 24, 2019 |title=Kristen McGuire, Aaron Campbell Star in The Helpful Fox Senko-san Anime's English Dub |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-04-24/kristen-mcguire-aaron-campbell-star-in-the-helpful-fox-senko-san-anime-english-dub/.146077 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424223359/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-04-24/kristen-mcguire-aaron-campbell-star-in-the-helpful-fox-senko-san-anime-english-dub/.146077 |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Kemono Friends''
|Emperor
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Loo |first=Egan |date=July 28, 2019 |title=Kemono Friends Anime's English Dub Stars Suzie Yeung, Dani Chambers |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-07-28/kemono-friends-anime-english-dub-stars-suzie-yeung-dani-chambers/.149463 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190728221757/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-07-28/kemono-friends-anime-english-dub-stars-suzie-yeung-dani-chambers/.149463 |archive-date=July 28, 2019 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |2020
|''Pokémon: Twilight Wings''
|Marnie, Arctozolt, Wingull
|
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Magia Record: Puella Magi Madoka Magica Side Story''
|Mitama Yakumo
|
|-
|''The Misfit of Demon King Academy''
|Emilia Ludowell
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=DawnMBennettVA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Assault Lily Bouquet''
|Kaede Johan Nouvel
|Main role
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sherman |first=Jennifer |date=October 29, 2020 |title=Funimation Announces Assault Lily Bouquet Anime's English Dub Cast |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-10-29/funimation-announces-assault-lily-bouquet-anime-english-dub-cast/.165733 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101021356/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-10-29/funimation-announces-assault-lily-bouquet-anime-english-dub-cast/.165733 |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Yashahime: Princess Half-Demon''
|Kyūki, White Tiger Kyūki
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Gleipnir''
|Hikawa
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hazra |first=Adriana |date=December 13, 2020 |title=Funimation Premieres English Dub of Gleipnir Anime on Sunday |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-12-13/funimation-premieres-english-dub-of-gleipnir-anime-on-sunday/.167393 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201213134221/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-12-13/funimation-premieres-english-dub-of-gleipnir-anime-on-sunday/.167393 |archive-date=December 13, 2020 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |2021
|''Tamayomi: The Baseball Girls''
|Shiragiku
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mateo |first=Alex |date=February 1, 2021 |title=Funimation Streams English Dubs for Sakura Wars, Tamayomi Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-02-01/funimation-streams-english-dubs-for-sakura-wars-tamayomi-anime/.169044 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201201508/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-02-01/funimation-streams-english-dubs-for-sakura-wars-tamayomi-anime/.169044 |archive-date=February 1, 2021 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Mars Red''
|Misaki
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pineda |first=Rafael Antonio |date=March 29, 2021 |title=Funimation Reveals Mars Red Anime's English Dub Cast |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-03-29/funimation-reveals-mars-red-anime-english-dub-cast/.171248 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210329125329/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-03-29/funimation-reveals-mars-red-anime-english-dub-cast/.171248 |archive-date=March 29, 2021 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Wonder Egg Priority''
|Neiru
|Main role
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pineda |first=Rafael Antonio |date=March 30, 2021 |title=Funimation Reveals English Dub for Wonder Egg Priority Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-03-30/funimation-reveals-english-dub-for-wonder-egg-priority-anime/.171314 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401072046/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-03-30/funimation-reveals-english-dub-for-wonder-egg-priority-anime/.171314 |archive-date=April 1, 2021 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Dragon Goes House-Hunting''
|Albert
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hazra |first=Adriana |date=June 6, 2021 |title=Funimation Streams English Dub for Dragon Goes House-Hunting Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-06-06/funimation-streams-english-dub-for-dragon-goes-house-hunting-anime/.173600 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210606190414/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-06-06/funimation-streams-english-dub-for-dragon-goes-house-hunting-anime/.173600 |archive-date=June 6, 2021 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Muhyo &amp;amp;amp; Roji's Bureau of Supernatural Investigation''
|Kenji
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hazra |first=Adriana |date=June 9, 2021 |title=Muhyo &amp; Roji's Bureau of Supernatural Investigation Anime's 1st Season English Dub Launches on Funimation |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-06-09/muhyo-and-roji-bureau-of-supernatural-investigation-anime-1st-season-english-dub-launches-on-/.173718 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127225253/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-06-09/muhyo-and-roji-bureau-of-supernatural-investigation-anime-1st-season-english-dub-launches-on-/.173718 |archive-date=November 27, 2021 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''How a Realist Hero Rebuilt the Kingdom''
|Maria
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mateo |first=Alex |date=July 30, 2021 |title=Funimation Streams How a Realist Hero Rebuilt the Kingdom Anime's English Dub |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-07-30/funimation-streams-how-a-realist-hero-rebuilt-the-kingdom-anime-english-dub/.175733 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730170222/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-07-30/funimation-streams-how-a-realist-hero-rebuilt-the-kingdom-anime-english-dub/.175733 |archive-date=July 30, 2021 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Vinland Saga''
|Askeladd (child)
|
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Pokémon Evolutions''
|Lusamine
|
|-
|''King's Raid: Successors of the Will''
|Maria
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mateo |first=Alex |date=October 22, 2021 |title=Funimation Announces King's Raid Anime's English Dub, Cast |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-10-22/funimation-announces-king-raid-anime-english-dub-cast/.178741 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022163333/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-10-22/funimation-announces-king-raid-anime-english-dub-cast/.178741 |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Mieruko-chan''
|Mao
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mateo |first=Alex |date=December 10, 2021 |title=Funimation Streams Mieruko-chan Horror Comedy TV Anime's English Dub |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-12-10/funimation-streams-mieruko-chan-horror-comedy-tv-anime-english-dub/.180503 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210193349/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-12-10/funimation-streams-mieruko-chan-horror-comedy-tv-anime-english-dub/.180503 |archive-date=December 10, 2021 |access-date=December 25, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |2022
|''Tokyo 24th Ward''
|Kanae Suido
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Luster |first=Joseph |date=March 15, 2022 |title=Tokyo 24th Ward English Dub Heads to Crunchyroll, Full Cast Revealed |url=https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2022/03/15/tokyo-24th-ward-english-dub-heads-to-crunchyroll-full-cast-revealed |access-date=March 15, 2022 |website=[[Crunchyroll]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''The Rising of the Shield Hero''
|Eclair Seaetto
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mateo |first=Alex |date=May 2, 2022 |title=Crunchyroll Reveals The Rising of the Shield Hero 2 Anime's English Dub Cast, May 4 Premiere |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-05-02/crunchyroll-reveals-the-rising-of-the-shield-hero-2-anime-english-dub-cast-may-4-premiere/.185249 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502163347/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-05-02/crunchyroll-reveals-the-rising-of-the-shield-hero-2-anime-english-dub-cast-may-4-premiere/.185249 |archive-date=May 2, 2022 |access-date=May 2, 2022 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Super Cub''
|Reiko
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mateo |first=Alex |date=May 26, 2022 |title=Crunchyroll Announces English Dubs for Super Cub, Blue Reflection Ray Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-05-26/crunchyroll-announces-english-dubs-for-super-cub-blue-reflection-ray-anime/.186040 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526174807/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-05-26/crunchyroll-announces-english-dubs-for-super-cub-blue-reflection-ray-anime/.186040 |archive-date=May 26, 2022 |access-date=May 26, 2022 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Ghost in the Shell: SAC_2045''
|Suzuka Mizukane
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=DawnMBennettVA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''The Slime Diaries: That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime''
|Shizu
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mateo |first=Alex |date=July 20, 2022 |title=The Slime Diaries Anime Gets English Dub |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-07-20/the-slime-diaries-anime-gets-english-dub/.187861 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220720173754/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-07-20/the-slime-diaries-anime-gets-english-dub/.187861 |archive-date=July 20, 2022 |access-date=July 20, 2022 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''To Your Eternity''
|Hisame
|Season 2
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mateo |first=Alex |date=November 4, 2022 |title=To Your Eternity Anime Series 2 Reveals English Dub's Cast, November 6 Premiere |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-11-04/to-your-eternity-anime-series-2-reveals-english-dub-cast-november-6-premiere/.191596 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221105044516/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-11-04/to-your-eternity-anime-series-2-reveals-english-dub-cast-november-6-premiere/.191596 |archive-date=November 5, 2022 |access-date=November 5, 2022 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2023
|''KonoSuba: An Explosion on This Wonderful World!''
|Arnes
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mateo |first=Alex |date=April 18, 2023 |title=KamiKatsu, Konosuba: An Explosion on This Wonderful World Anime Reveal English Dub Casts, Premieres |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2023-04-18/kamikatsu-konosuba-an-explosion-on-this-wonderful-world-anime-reveal-english-dub-casts-premieres/.197224 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419051143/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2023-04-18/kamikatsu-konosuba-an-explosion-on-this-wonderful-world-anime-reveal-english-dub-casts-premieres/.197224 |archive-date=April 19, 2023 |access-date=April 19, 2023 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Bastard!! Heavy Metal, Dark Fantasy''
|Marie
|Season 2
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bastard!! -Heavy Metal, Dark Fantasy- (2022) – English Dub Cast |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/tv-shows/Bastard/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324103706/https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/tv-shows/Bastard/ |archive-date=March 24, 2023 |access-date=October 30, 2023 |website=Behind The Voice Actors}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2024
|''Code Geass: Rozé of the Recapture''
|Yoko Araki
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hazra |first=Adriana |date=June 18, 2024 |title=Code Geass: Rozé of the Recapture Anime Reveals English Dub Cast |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-06-18/code-geass-roze-of-the-recapture-anime-reveals-english-dub-cast/.212077 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618211253/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-06-18/code-geass-roze-of-the-recapture-anime-reveals-english-dub-cast/.212077 |archive-date=June 18, 2024 |access-date=June 18, 2024 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Fairy Tail: 100 Years Quest''
|Frosch
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hazra |first=Adriana |date=July 21, 2024 |title=Wistoria: Wand and Sword, Fairy Tail: 100 Years Quest Anime, Tower of God Season 2's English Dubs Stream on July 21 |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-07-21/wistoria-wand-and-sword-fairy-tail-100-years-quest-anime-tower-of-god-season-2-english-dubs-stream-/.213414 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240721092903/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-07-21/wistoria-wand-and-sword-fairy-tail-100-years-quest-anime-tower-of-god-season-2-english-dubs-stream-/.213414 |archive-date=July 21, 2024 |access-date=July 21, 2024 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2026
|''Sentenced to Be a Hero''
|Kivia
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hodgkins |first=Crystalyn |date=January 2, 2026 |title=Crunchyroll Reveals English Dub Cast, Same-Day Release for Sentenced to Be a Hero Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2026-01-02/crunchyroll-reveals-english-dub-cast-same-day-release-for-sentenced-to-be-a-hero-anime/.232698 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260102164306/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2026-01-02/crunchyroll-reveals-english-dub-cast-same-day-release-for-sentenced-to-be-a-hero-anime/.232698 |archive-date=January 2, 2026 |access-date=January 2, 2026 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Playing Death Games to Put Food on the Table''
|Hakushi
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pineda |first=Rafael Antonio |date=January 7, 2026 |title=Crunchyroll Reveals SHIBOYUGI: Playing Death Games to Put Food on the Table Anime Same-Day English Dub Debut, Cast |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2026-01-07/crunchyroll-reveals-shiboyugi-playing-death-games-to-put-food-on-the-table-anime-same-day-english-/.232824 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260107233056/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2026-01-07/crunchyroll-reveals-shiboyugi-playing-death-games-to-put-food-on-the-table-anime-same-day-english-/.232824 |archive-date=January 7, 2026 |access-date=January 7, 2026 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

=== Ayyuka ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+Jerin wasan kwaikwayo na murya a cikin raye-raye
!Shekara
!Taken
!Matsayi
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Bayani
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
|2017; 2019-yanzu
|''RWBY''
|Elm Ederne, Ann Ren
|Har ila yau mawaƙi
|
|-
|2025
|''Masu kiɗa: The Pied Piper''
|Wendy Finn, Dawson
|Gajeren fim; kuma mawaƙi
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=DawnMBennettVA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

=== Fim din ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+Jerin wasan kwaikwayo na murya a fina-finai
!Shekara
!Taken
!Matsayi
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Bayani
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
|2017
|''Fairy Tail: Dragon Cry''
|Riana
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot;/&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2018
|''Planetarian: Mai ba da labari game da taurari''
|Irmiya
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pineda |first=Rafael Antonio |date=July 3, 2018 |title=planetarian Film's English Dub Cast Revealed |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-07-03/planetarian-film-english-dub-cast-revealed/.133732 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703104544/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-07-03/planetarian-film-english-dub-cast-revealed/.133732 |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yana da' yanci! Ɗauki Alamarka''
|Veronica
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2019
|''City Hunter: Shinjuku Private Eyes''
|Rui Kisugi
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Loo |first=Egan |date=July 28, 2019 |title=City Hunter: Shinjuku Private Eyes Anime's English Dub Stars Stephen Fu, Morgan Lauré |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-07-28/city-hunter-shinjuku-private-eyes-anime-english-dub-stars-stephen-fu-morgan-laure/.149464 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190728221830/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-07-28/city-hunter-shinjuku-private-eyes-anime-english-dub-stars-stephen-fu-morgan-laure/.149464 |archive-date=July 28, 2019 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2021
|''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yan mata da Panzer na karshe''
|Ogin
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mateo |first=Alex |date=September 15, 2021 |title=Sentai Filmworks Reveals English Dub Cast for 1st Girls und Panzer das Finale Anime Film |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-09-15/sentai-filmworks-reveals-english-dub-cast-for-1st-girls-und-panzer-das-finale-anime-film/.177411 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915222325/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-09-15/sentai-filmworks-reveals-english-dub-cast-for-1st-girls-und-panzer-das-finale-anime-film/.177411 |archive-date=September 15, 2021 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2022
|''Shin Ultraman''
|Hiroko Asami
|Dub na Turanci
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=''Shin Ultraman'' (live-action movie) |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/anime.php?id=25400 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224040230/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/anime.php?id=25400 |archive-date=December 24, 2022 |access-date=December 23, 2022 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
|2024
|''Mobile Suit Gundam: Silver Phantom''
|Azami Meggineh
|Fim din VR
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hodgkins |first=Crystalyn |date=September 6, 2024 |title=Mobile Suit Gundam Silver Phantom VR Anime Reveals Japanese, English Cast (Updated) |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-09-06/mobile-suit-gundam-silver-phantom-vr-anime-reveals-japanese-english-cast/.215191 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907015800/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-09-06/mobile-suit-gundam-silver-phantom-vr-anime-reveals-japanese-english-cast/.215191 |archive-date=September 7, 2024 |access-date=September 7, 2024 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2026
|''Gimbiya mai zurfi Kaguya!''
|Iroha
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cayanan |first=Joanna |date=January 6, 2026 |title=Cosmic Princess Kaguya! Anime Film Unveils More of Japanese Cast, English Cast, New Trailer |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2026-01-06/cosmic-princess-kaguya-anime-film-unveils-more-of-japanese-cast-english-cast-new-trailer/.232800 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260106123541/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2026-01-06/cosmic-princess-kaguya-anime-film-unveils-more-of-japanese-cast-english-cast-new-trailer/.232800 |archive-date=January 6, 2026 |access-date=January 6, 2026 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

=== Wasannin bidiyo ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+Jerin wasan kwaikwayo na murya a wasannin bidiyo
!Shekara
!Taken
!Matsayi
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Bayani
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
|{{Nowrap|2014–2020}}
|''Yandere Simulator''
|Hanako Yamada (Nemesis), Aoi Ryugoku, Asu Rito, Muja Kina
|demos ɗin da aka riga aka saki
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=YandereDev |title=2020 Transparency |url=https://www.patreon.com/posts/47158527 |website=[[Yandere Simulator|Yandere Simulator Updates]] |via=[[Patreon]] |quote=In 2020, seven volunteers received compensation: Chaikin – $600 (3D models) Only Wednesday – $150 (Music) [[Kira Buckland]] – $162 (Voice Acting) [[Kayli Mills]] – $117 (Voice Acting) ToxicStrawberry – $300 (3D Models) Dawn M. Bennett – $200 (Voice Acting)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2014
|''Duniyar 'Yanci''
|Sash Lilac
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot;/&gt;
|-
|2018
|''Dragon Ball Xenoverse 2''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kafi, Kefla
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ressler |first=Karen |date=August 29, 2018 |title=Dragon Ball Xenoverse 2 English Dub Casts Caulifla, Kale |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-08-29/dragon-ball-xenoverse-2-english-dub-casts-caulifla-kale/.136061 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829224909/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2018-08-29/dragon-ball-xenoverse-2-english-dub-casts-caulifla-kale/.136061 |archive-date=August 29, 2018 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2019
|''Labaran Dragon Ball''
|
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Wargroove''
|Tenri
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2020
|''Dragon Ball FighterZ''
|Kafi, Kefla
|
|-
|''Granblue Fantasy da aka yi amfani da shi''
|Ilsa
|
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Labarin Jarumai: Hanyoyin Cold Steel IV''
|Mariabell Crois
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2021
|''Labaran Cris''
|Rhallus
|
|
|-
|''Labaran Haske''
|Michelle Bouquet
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mateo |first=Alex |date=October 29, 2021 |title=Tales of Luminaria Smartphone Game's Trailer Highlights Lisette, Falk, Yelsy |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-10-29/tales-of-luminaria-smartphone-game-trailer-highlights-lisette-falk-yelsy/.179007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029200659/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2021-10-29/tales-of-luminaria-smartphone-game-trailer-highlights-lisette-falk-yelsy/.179007 |archive-date=October 29, 2021 |access-date=November 27, 2021 |website=[[Anime News Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |2022
|''Warriors na Alamar Wutar: Bege Uku''
|Shez (Mace) 
|
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Cookie Run: Mulkin''
|Sau biyu Gummy Cookie, Linzer Cookie
|
|-
|''Fortnite''
|Jaridar Herald
|
|-
|''Freedom Planet 2''
|Sash Lilac
|
|-
|''RWBY: Arrowfell''
|Elm Ederne
|
|
|-
|''River City Girls 2''
|Kuniko da Megumi
|
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;11&quot; |2023
|''Mai Taron Triniti''
|Baƙar fata, Fasti mai ba da labari
|
|-
|''Honkai: Star Rail''
|Yukong
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=DawnMBennettVA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Yaudara mai duhu: Monsters &amp; Mortals''
|Hanako Yamada (Nemesis) 
|Rubuce-rubucen sauti
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Glowstick Entertainment |date=June 28, 2023 |title=''Monsters &amp; Mortals'' – ''Yandere Simulator'' |url=https://store.epicgames.com/en-US/p/dark-deception-monsters-and-mortals-monsters-and-mortals-yandere-simulator-97075d |access-date=June 28, 2023 |website=[[Epic Games]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Rune Factory 3 na Musamman''
|Kuruna
|
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Rhapsody II: Ballad na Little Princess''
|Akurjo, Myao Karkanski
|
|-
|''Rhapsody III: Tunawa da Mulkin Marl''
|Elliese, Myao Karkanski, Akurjo
|
|-
|''Ba a san shi ba;Code''
|Rosario Rosellini
|
|-
|''Disgaea 7: Alkawuran marasa amfani''
|Rekka
|
|-
|''Super Mario Bros. Wonder''
|Nabbit
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=DawnMBennettVA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Granblue Fantasy Versus: Rising''
|Ilsa
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Granblue Fantasy Versus: Rising (2023 Video Game) |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/video-games/Granblue-Fantasy-Versus-Rising/ |access-date=30 June 2024 |website=Behind The Voice Actors}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Matasa Mutant Ninja Turtles: Splintered Fate''
|Babu wanda ya
|
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |2024
|''Mutum na 3 Sake caji''
|Aigis
|
|-
|''Kamar Dragon: Dukiya marar iyaka''
|Ƙarin muryoyi
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Like a Dragon: Infinite Wealth (2024 Video Game) |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/video-games/Like-a-Dragon-Infinite-Wealth/ |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=Behind The Voice Actors}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Unicorn Overlord''
|Amalia, Mercenaries (Type C), ƙarin muryoyi
|
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwBUQ&quot;&gt;Yankin Yashi&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|Janar Rosetta
|
|-
|''Darajar Sarakuna''
|Erin da Atina
|
|-
|''Labarin Jarumai: Hanyoyi Ta hanyar Rana''
|Risette Twinings
|
|-
|''Romancing SaGa 2: Ramuwar gayya ta Bakwai''
|Minerva / Tsaro na Masarauta (F) 
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |2025
|''Labarin Jarumai: Hanyoyi Ta hanyar Rana II''
|Risette Twinings, 'yan ƙasa
|
|-
|''Kamar Dragon: Pirate Yakuza a Hawaii''
|Ƙarin muryoyi
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Like a Dragon: Pirate Yakuza in Hawaii (2025 Video Game) |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/video-games/Like-a-Dragon-Pirate-Yakuza-in-Hawaii/ |access-date=6 May 2025 |website=Behind The Voice Actors}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Raidou Remastered: Asirin Sojojin Rashin Rai''
|Tae Asakura
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Duniya ta Mario Kart''
|Nabbit
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=DawnMBennettVA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Towa da Masu Tsaro na Itace Mai Tsarki''
|Saikaku, Waboku, Yarinya 1
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Yanayin Zen Zero''
|Orphie Magnusson &amp; Magus
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=DawnMBennettVA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Digimon Story: Baƙon Lokaci''
|Ƙarin muryoyi
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Digimon Story: Time Stranger (2025 Video Game) |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/video-games/Digimon-Story-Time-Stranger/ |access-date=15 November 2025 |website=Behind The Voice Actors}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2026
|''Code Vein II''
|Mai gabatarwa
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot; /&gt;
|}

=== Jerin yanar gizo ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Shekara
!Taken
!Matsayi
!Bayani
!Tushen
|-
|2019
|''An share rubutun''
|Zora Salazar
|Babban rawar da take takawa
|
|-
|2021-yanzu
|''Chikn Nuggit''
|Rashin jin daɗi
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|number=1364621598133682176|user=chikn_nuggit|title=A rowdy babie appears! Sody Pop is voiced by the amazing @DawnMBennettVA ! #TikTok #animation https://twitter.com/i/status/1364621598133682176|date=February 24, 2021|access-date=September 15, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2024-ya zuwa yanzu
|''Ƙasar Boggs''
|Boggo
|Babban rawar; maye gurbin Kate Peterman
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet|user=DawnMBennettVA|title=I am honored to be taking over as the new voice of Boggo in Brent Sievers' cartoon, The Land of Boggs!!! Kate Peterman was absolutely PERFECT as Boggo, so I've got some huge shoes to fill. Thank you so much Brent and @BuzzFeed for trusting me with her!!! 🩵💛🥹|number=1744809595808440481|date=January 9, 2024|access-date=July 6, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]]</text>
      <sha1>9xbkzksuttl0j6ni5wsc09folip6gcv</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dorit Petschel</title>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
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'''Dorit Petschel''', mai suna '''Körner''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1970), masanin tarihin Jamus ne kuma malami.

== Rayuwa ==
Bayan [[:de:Pädagogische Hochschule „Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wander“ Dresden|daga]]&amp;#x5D;-linkid=&quot;9&quot; href=&quot;./Abitur&quot; id=&quot;mwCQ&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Abitur&quot;&gt;Abitur a cikin 1988, Petschel ya yi nazarin al'adun Jamus da Tarihi a Pädagogische Hochschule ːKarl Friedrich Wilhelm Wander&quot; Dresden da kuma a Technische Universität Dresden bi da bi har zuwa 1993 kuma ya sami Staatsexamen na farko don Takardar shaidar Koyarwa mafi girma don Makarantun Grammar tare da rubutun Zwischen Rétablissement, Rheinbund und Restauration .[de] ''Zwischen Maidowa, Rheinbund da Maidowa. Die sächsische Außenpolitik unter Kurfürst Friedrich August III. 1785 zuwa 1806''. A cikin 1997-1999, ta gudanar da horo a Gymnasium Kreuzschule a Dresden, wanda Staatsexamen na biyu ya biyo baya a cikin 1999. A cikin 1999/2000 ta koyar a Sauerbruch-Gymnasium Großröhrsdorf . 

Petschel daga nan ya jagoranci ofishin Geschichte der Technischen Universität Dresden har zuwa shekara ta 2003.  A cikin wannan , tare da Reiner Pommerin da {{Interlanguage link|Thomas Hänseroth|de}} [de], ta tattara littafin 175 Years TU Dresden, wanda ya bayyana a shekara ta 2003, kuma da kansa a matsayin ƙararsa ta 3, aikin da aka saba da shi Die Professoren der Technischen Universität Dresden , 1828-2003,  wanda aka buga a madadin Gesellschaft von Freunden und Förderern der Technischer Universität Dersden. A cikin wannan kundin farfesa, duk kusan farfesa 2,000 da suka yi aiki a Jami'ar Fasaha ta yau ko cibiyoyin da suka riga ta tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a 1828 har zuwa shekarar tunawa ta 2003 an jera su a cikin haruffa. Matsayi a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga ci gaban jami'a (2003-2005) ya biyo bayan aiki a matsayin mataimakin bincike a Cibiyar Tarihi a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Dresden . &lt;ref name=&quot;Kurzbiografie&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=1 March 2014 |title=Kurzbiografie Dr. Dorit Körner, Stand 2010 |url=https://tu-dresden.de/gsw/phil/ige/wsge/die-professur/profil/mitarbeiterinnen/wissenschaftliche_mitarbeiterinnen-news/kurzbiografie_koerner |access-date=1 January 2021 |publisher=Professur für Wirtschaftsgeschichte; Institut für Geschichte Philosophische Fakultät der TU Dresden}}&lt;/ref&gt;  baya ta yi aiki a {{Interlanguage link|Sächsische Landeszentrale für politische Bildung|de}} [de] .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Newsletter 4/2012: Angebote zur politischen Bildung Oktober – Dezember 2012 |url=https://www.slpb.de/fileadmin/media/Publikationen/Newsletter/Newsletter_2012/slpb-newsletter_4-12_komprimiert.pdf |access-date=1 January 2021 |publisher=Sächsische Landeszentrale für politische Bildung |format=PDF; 2-MB |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207151030/https://www.slpb.de/fileadmin/media/Publikationen/Newsletter/Newsletter_2012/slpb-newsletter_4-12_komprimiert.pdf |archive-date=7 December 2021 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yanzu tana koyar da Jamusanci da tarihi a 36 Oberschule Dresden . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lehrer unserer Schule |url=http://www.36te-mittelschule-dresden.de/index.php/unterricht |access-date=1 January 2021 |publisher=36. Oberschule Dresden |archive-date=3 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203170447/http://www.36te-mittelschule-dresden.de/index.php/unterricht |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]]</text>
      <sha1>b2al7o5j26pe7egvfbbqqnvuyowcr6a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Susanne Erichsen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
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      <text bytes="4778" sha1="j2j98aasyu20nkgyuw5qbvu965cjeqn" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Susanne Erichsen,''' (an haife ta '''Susanne Firle''' ; 30 ga Disamba 1925 a [[Berlin]] - Steglitz - 13 ga Janairu 2002 a Berlin) sarauniyar kyau ce ta Jamus, mai tallan kayan kawa kuma 'yar kasuwa. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=From Slave Labor Camp to Wealthy Teenage Fashion Business |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&amp;dat=19600219&amp;id=uQgwAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=7189,1968587 |access-date=8 July 2014 |publisher=Toledo Blade}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tilasta aikin soja na Tarayyar Soviet ==
A ranar 15 ga Yuni, 1945, ta auri wani injiniya ɗan ƙasar Norway Sven Erichsen, a lokacin tana aiki a wani ɗakin fina-finai a Potsdam, wanda a lokacin yake yankin da aka mamaye Soviet . Sojojin Soviet sun yi alƙawarin ƙaura da su zuwa Norway ta Moscow, amma maimakon haka aka tura ma'auratan zuwa Stalinogorsk don aikin tilas don sake gina garin . Bayan watanni biyar, an mayar da mijinta Norway, kuma ba ta sake ganinsa ba. Susanne Erichsen ta yi aiki tukuru na tsawon shekaru biyu, ciki har da aiki a wani wurin hakar kwal a Siberia . Ba a mayar da ita gida zuwa Berlin ba sai a shekarar 1947, lokacin da, saboda yunwa da cin zarafi, ta yi rashin lafiya sosai har ba za ta iya ci gaba da amfani da ita ba.

== Sana'ar kwalliya da tallan kayan kwalliya ==
A [[Jamus]], wata ' [[Ɗan jarida|yar jarida mai]] gabatar da kayan kwalliya ta gano ta kuma ta yi aiki a shekarun da suka biyo baya a matsayin mai tallata kayan kwalliya da kuma mai daukar hoto. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=From Slave Labor Camp to Wealthy Teenage Fashion Business |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&amp;dat=19600219&amp;id=uQgwAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=7189,1968587 |access-date=8 July 2014 |publisher=Toledo Blade}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da take hutu a tsibirin Sylt a farkon bazara na 1950, ta shiga gasar kyau ta Miss Schleswig-Holstein, kuma ta yi nasara. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot; /&gt;

A ranar 2 ga Satumba 1950 aka naɗa ta a matsayin Miss Germany a Kurhaus na Baden-Baden . &lt;ref name=&quot;Dachshund Love&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 March 2008 |title=Dachshunds in Pop Culture: Susanne Erichsen |url=http://dachshundlove.blogspot.co.il/2008/03/dachshunds-in-pop-culture-susanne.html |access-date=8 July 2014 |publisher=Dachshund Love}}&lt;/ref&gt; Masu tsara kayan kwalliya na Berlin kamar Heinz Oestergard da Gehringer &amp; GLUPP sun halarci taron. Bikin bayar da kyautar ya kasance abin kunya; alkalai biyar daga cikin bakwai sun yi zanga-zanga saboda gaskiyar cewa Erichsen ya taɓa yin aure sau ɗaya a baya ya karya dokoki. Duk da haka, saboda an soke auren Erichsen a hukumance bayan watanni kaɗan, ta ci gaba da yin nasara. Bayan kwana biyar, a ranar 9 ga Satumba, ta shiga gasar Miss Europe a Rimini .

A shekarar 1952, ta yi tafiya a matsayin &quot;Jakadan Salon Jamus&quot; a Amurka. Mujallar ''Life'' ta sadaukar da wani kasidar shafi uku ga Erichsen. &lt;ref name=&quot;life&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|url-status=77–79}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kamfanin dillancin labarai na New York, samfuran Frances Gill masu kama da ita sun sami kusan dala 100 a kowace awa (lokacin dala 420), fiye da rabin adadin ma'aikatan masana'antu na Jamus a cikin wata guda. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=From Slave Labor Camp to Wealthy Teenage Fashion Business |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&amp;dat=19600219&amp;id=uQgwAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=7189,1968587 |access-date=8 July 2014 |publisher=Toledo Blade}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan zamanta a Amurka, Erichsen ta fara tsara salonta na kanta. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=From Slave Labor Camp to Wealthy Teenage Fashion Business |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&amp;dat=19600219&amp;id=uQgwAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=7189,1968587 |access-date=8 July 2014 |publisher=Toledo Blade}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kafa kamfanin Susanne Erichsen GmbH, wanda ke da shagunan sayar da kayayyaki a Kurfürstendamm da kuma wuraren samar da kayayyaki a Berlin-Tempelhof . An yaba mata da gabatar da ra'ayin 'matashi' a cikin harshen Jamusanci. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot; /&gt;

A shekarar 1967, ta kafa wata makaranta mai suna &quot;monnequin&quot; da kuma makarantar koyon tukin mota a Berlin, wadda ta shafe shekaru da dama tana jagoranta.

== Mutuwa ==
A farkon shekarar 2002, Erichsen ya mutu sakamakon bugun jini yayin da yake a wani gidan kula da tsofaffi . Tarihin rayuwarta ( ''Ein Nerz und eine Krone. Die Lebenserinnerungen des deutschen Fräuleinwunders'' {{Efn|The term &quot;Fräuleinwunder&quot; was coined by the Munich reporter of ''[[Time Magazine]]'' Franz Spelman in reference to Erichsen and the term caught up in the United States.&lt;ref&gt;Wolfram Knorr, [https://weltwoche.ch/story/entfesseltes-fraeuleinwunder/ Entfesseltes Fräuleinwunder], ''[[Die Weltwoche]]'', April 1, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;}}, 2003) an kammala ta wani mawallafi da edita, Dorothée Hansen.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2002]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]
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        <id>27936</id>
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      <origin>969576</origin>
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      <text bytes="4772" sha1="jesbtt27he4h5wtvlxspb9bdkvhqgr5" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Susanne Erichsen,''' (an haife ta 30 ga watan Disamba a shikara 1925 a [[Berlin]] - Steglitz - 13 ga Janairu 2002 a Berlin) sarauniyar kyau ce ta Jamus, mai tallan kayan kawa kuma 'yar kasuwa. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=From Slave Labor Camp to Wealthy Teenage Fashion Business |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&amp;dat=19600219&amp;id=uQgwAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=7189,1968587 |access-date=8 July 2014 |publisher=Toledo Blade}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tilasta aikin soja na Tarayyar Soviet ==
A ranar 15 ga Yuni, 1945, ta auri wani injiniya ɗan ƙasar Norway Sven Erichsen, a lokacin tana aiki a wani ɗakin fina-finai a Potsdam, wanda a lokacin yake yankin da aka mamaye Soviet . Sojojin Soviet sun yi alƙawarin ƙaura da su zuwa Norway ta Moscow, amma maimakon haka aka tura ma'auratan zuwa Stalinogorsk don aikin tilas don sake gina garin . Bayan watanni biyar, an mayar da mijinta Norway, kuma ba ta sake ganinsa ba. Susanne Erichsen ta yi aiki tukuru na tsawon shekaru biyu, ciki har da aiki a wani wurin hakar kwal a Siberia . Ba a mayar da ita gida zuwa Berlin ba sai a shekarar 1947, lokacin da, saboda yunwa da cin zarafi, ta yi rashin lafiya sosai har ba za ta iya ci gaba da amfani da ita ba.

== Sana'ar kwalliya da tallan kayan kwalliya ==
A [[Jamus]], wata ' [[Ɗan jarida|yar jarida mai]] gabatar da kayan kwalliya ta gano ta kuma ta yi aiki a shekarun da suka biyo baya a matsayin mai tallata kayan kwalliya da kuma mai daukar hoto. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=From Slave Labor Camp to Wealthy Teenage Fashion Business |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&amp;dat=19600219&amp;id=uQgwAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=7189,1968587 |access-date=8 July 2014 |publisher=Toledo Blade}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da take hutu a tsibirin Sylt a farkon bazara na 1950, ta shiga gasar kyau ta Miss Schleswig-Holstein, kuma ta yi nasara. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot; /&gt;

A ranar 2 ga Satumba 1950 aka naɗa ta a matsayin Miss Germany a Kurhaus na Baden-Baden . &lt;ref name=&quot;Dachshund Love&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 March 2008 |title=Dachshunds in Pop Culture: Susanne Erichsen |url=http://dachshundlove.blogspot.co.il/2008/03/dachshunds-in-pop-culture-susanne.html |access-date=8 July 2014 |publisher=Dachshund Love}}&lt;/ref&gt; Masu tsara kayan kwalliya na Berlin kamar Heinz Oestergard da Gehringer &amp; GLUPP sun halarci taron. Bikin bayar da kyautar ya kasance abin kunya; alkalai biyar daga cikin bakwai sun yi zanga-zanga saboda gaskiyar cewa Erichsen ya taɓa yin aure sau ɗaya a baya ya karya dokoki. Duk da haka, saboda an soke auren Erichsen a hukumance bayan watanni kaɗan, ta ci gaba da yin nasara. Bayan kwana biyar, a ranar 9 ga Satumba, ta shiga gasar Miss Europe a Rimini .

A shekarar 1952, ta yi tafiya a matsayin &quot;Jakadan Salon Jamus&quot; a Amurka. Mujallar ''Life'' ta sadaukar da wani kasidar shafi uku ga Erichsen. &lt;ref name=&quot;life&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|url-status=77–79}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kamfanin dillancin labarai na New York, samfuran Frances Gill masu kama da ita sun sami kusan dala 100 a kowace awa (lokacin dala 420), fiye da rabin adadin ma'aikatan masana'antu na Jamus a cikin wata guda. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=From Slave Labor Camp to Wealthy Teenage Fashion Business |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&amp;dat=19600219&amp;id=uQgwAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=7189,1968587 |access-date=8 July 2014 |publisher=Toledo Blade}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan zamanta a Amurka, Erichsen ta fara tsara salonta na kanta. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=From Slave Labor Camp to Wealthy Teenage Fashion Business |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&amp;dat=19600219&amp;id=uQgwAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=7189,1968587 |access-date=8 July 2014 |publisher=Toledo Blade}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kafa kamfanin Susanne Erichsen GmbH, wanda ke da shagunan sayar da kayayyaki a Kurfürstendamm da kuma wuraren samar da kayayyaki a Berlin-Tempelhof . An yaba mata da gabatar da ra'ayin 'matashi' a cikin harshen Jamusanci. &lt;ref name=&quot;Toledo Blade&quot; /&gt;

A shekarar 1967, ta kafa wata makaranta mai suna &quot;monnequin&quot; da kuma makarantar koyon tukin mota a Berlin, wadda ta shafe shekaru da dama tana jagoranta.

== Mutuwa ==
A farkon shekarar 2002, Erichsen ya mutu sakamakon bugun jini yayin da yake a wani gidan kula da tsofaffi . Tarihin rayuwarta ( ''Ein Nerz und eine Krone. Die Lebenserinnerungen des deutschen Fräuleinwunders'' {{Efn|The term &quot;Fräuleinwunder&quot; was coined by the Munich reporter of ''[[Time Magazine]]'' Franz Spelman in reference to Erichsen and the term caught up in the United States.&lt;ref&gt;Wolfram Knorr, [https://weltwoche.ch/story/entfesseltes-fraeuleinwunder/ Entfesseltes Fräuleinwunder], ''[[Die Weltwoche]]'', April 1, 2021&lt;/ref&gt;}}, 2003) an kammala ta wani mawallafi da edita, Dorothée Hansen.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2002]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]]
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>jesbtt27he4h5wtvlxspb9bdkvhqgr5</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Stine Andresen</title>
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        <username>Abdulrahman tahir shika</username>
        <id>24962</id>
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      <comment>Nayi gyara</comment>
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      <text bytes="1175" sha1="ltwttmkvdmf5u0jjb5m025mngpfzsiv" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Stine Andresen''' (née '''Jürgens''') ( daga shekarar 1849 zuwa shekara ta 1927) mawaki ne na [[Jamus]] daga tsibirin Föhr na Arewacin Frisia. Kalmomin ta galibi suna nufin tsibirin ta asali. Baya ga waƙoƙi a [[Jamusanci]], ta rubuta wasu waƙoƙa a Fering North Frisian.

== Rayuwa da rubuce-rubuce ==
An haifi Stine Andresen ga manomi Jürgen Erich Jürgens a Boldixum (yanzu wani ɓangare na [[Wyk auf Föhr]]) kuma ta shafe mafi yawan rayuwarta a can. Mahaifiyarta ta mutu da wuri. Andresen ta halarci makarantar sakandare a Boldixum kuma ta inganta iliminta ta hanyar karatu. Tun da wuri ta kasance tana rubuta waƙoƙi na lokaci-lokaci waɗanda aka karanta a kan bukukuwan. Ta kasance abokantaka da dangin mawaki Friedrich Hebbel, kuma bayan mutuwarsa ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar gwauruwar Hebbel Christine na ɗan lokaci.

A shekara ta 1875 ta auri mai niƙa Emil Andresen wanda ya mutu a cikin shekarun 1890. A cikin shekara ta 1893 an buga waƙoƙin Stine Andresen kuma an buga su. Lokacin da yanayinta na kudi ya kara muni saboda mutuwar mijinta, marubucin Karl Schrattenthal ya goyi bayanta ta hanyar sake buga ayyukanta.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <revision>
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        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1182" sha1="pmzsnx40r3n8m55jsxz3tyopskx9ts4" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Stine Andresen''' (née '''Jürgens''') ( daga shekara ta alif 1849 zuwa shekara ta 1927) mawaki ne na [[Jamus]] daga tsibirin Föhr na Arewacin Frisia. Kalmomin ta galibi suna nufin tsibirin ta asali. Baya ga waƙoƙi a [[Jamusanci]], ta rubuta wasu waƙoƙa a Fering North Frisian.

== Rayuwa da rubuce-rubuce ==
An haifi Stine Andresen ga manomi Jürgen Erich Jürgens a Boldixum (yanzu wani ɓangare na [[Wyk auf Föhr]]) kuma ta shafe mafi yawan rayuwarta a can. Mahaifiyarta ta mutu da wuri. Andresen ta halarci makarantar sakandare a Boldixum kuma ta inganta iliminta ta hanyar karatu. Tun da wuri ta kasance tana rubuta waƙoƙi na lokaci-lokaci waɗanda aka karanta a kan bukukuwan. Ta kasance abokantaka da dangin mawaki Friedrich Hebbel, kuma bayan mutuwarsa ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar gwauruwar Hebbel Christine na ɗan lokaci.

A shekara ta 1875 ta auri mai niƙa Emil Andresen wanda ya mutu a cikin shekarun 1890. A cikin shekara ta 1893 an buga waƙoƙin Stine Andresen kuma an buga su. Lokacin da yanayinta na kudi ya kara muni saboda mutuwar mijinta, marubucin Karl Schrattenthal ya goyi bayanta ta hanyar sake buga ayyukanta.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abdul El-Sayed</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:38:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>75</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Removing [[:c:File:El-Sayed,_Abdul.jpg|El-Sayed,_Abdul.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Pi.1415926535|Pi.1415926535]] because: per [[:c:Commons:Deletion requests/Files in Category:Abdul El-Sayed|]].</comment>
      <origin>969703</origin>
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      <text bytes="44211" sha1="mbqv8b4w9vpv37ztm21gjo4fd4fq5ba" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}Abdulrahman Mohamed El-Sayed (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba shekarar, 1984), masanin ilimin cututtukan Amurka ne kuma ɗan siyasa wanda shine dan takarar Democrat a zaben Majalisar Dattijan Amurka na shekarar 2026 a Michigan . [1][lower-alpha 1] Wani dan takara ne na jam'iyyar Democrat, El-Sayed ya kasance dan takara a Zaben gwamna na Michigan na 2018, ya kasance na biyu ga Gretchen Whitmer a zaben fidda gwani na Democrat.

El-Sayed ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Wayne County, Ayyukan Dan Adam da Tsohon Sojoji daga shekarar 2023 zuwa 2025. Daga 2015 zuwa 2017, ya kasance babban darakta na Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Detroit, inda ya kula da shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na jama'a a lokacin da birnin ya farfado daga fatarar kuɗi. Ya kammala karatu a Jami'ar Michigan kuma Rhodes Scholar a Kwalejin Oriel, Oxford, El-Sayed yana da Dokta na Medicine daga Jami'ar Columbia, inda ya kasance mataimakin farfesa na ilmin annoba. Shi ne marubuci ko co- marubucin littattafai uku da kuma fiye da 100 da aka sake dubawa a kan lafiyar jama'a, siyasa, da manufofi.

== Rayuwa ta farko, iyali da ilimi ==
An haifi Abdulrahman Mohamed El-Sayed a ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba shekarar, 1984, a Rochester Hills, Michigan, ga iyayen baƙi na Masar.{{Efn|In this Arabic-American name, Abdulrahman is his given name, Mohamed is his patronymic middle name, and El-Sayed (also spelled Elsayed, Alsayed, and Al-Sayed) is his surname.{{citation needed|date=August 2026}}}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Helms 2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Helms |first=Matt |date=November 24, 2015 |title=Detroit's new public health director aims to innovate |url=http://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2015/11/24/detroits-new-public-health-director-aims-innovate/76015628/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812093932/http://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2015/11/24/detroits-new-public-health-director-aims-innovate/76015628/ |archive-date=August 12, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website=Detroit Free Press}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mahaifinsa, Mohamed El-Sayed, ya girma ne a Alexandria, Misira, kuma ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka don neman karatun digiri a Jami'ar Jihar Wayne   Mahaifiyarsa, Fatten El-Komy, likita ce a [[Missouri (jiha)|Missouri]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Abdul El-Sayed Wants to 'Throw Some Righteous Punches' |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/abdul-el-sayed-michigan-senate-primary/tnamp/ |access-date=August 6, 2026 |website=[[The Nation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Harvard |first=Sarah |date=March 3, 2017 |title=Abdul El-Sayed, a doctor from Detroit, could be America's first Muslim governor |url=https://www.arabamerica.com/abdul-el-sayed-doctor-detroit-americas-first-muslim-governor/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260207162056/https://www.arabamerica.com/abdul-el-sayed-doctor-detroit-americas-first-muslim-governor/ |archive-date=February 7, 2026 |access-date=June 7, 2026 |website=Arab America}}&lt;/ref&gt; El-Sayed ya girma ne a yankin Detroit ta wurin mahaifinsa da mahaifiyarsa, Jacqueline Johnson, 'yar asalin Gratiot County, Michigan. Mahaifinsa da mahaifiyarsa [[injiniyoyi]] ne.

El-Sayed ya kammala karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Bloomfield Hills Andover a shekara ta 2003, inda ya kasance dan wasa uku kuma kyaftin din kungiyoyin kokawa, kwallon kafa, da lacrosse. Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar Michigan, inda ya yi karatu a fannin ilmin halitta da kimiyyar siyasa kuma ya taka leda a kungiyar lacrosse ta maza.&lt;ref name=&quot;University of Michigan News 2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 26, 2008 |title=U-M dual MD/PhD student named Rhodes Scholar |url=http://ns.umich.edu/new/releases/6858 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160829031751/http://ns.umich.edu/new/releases/6858 |archive-date=August 29, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website=University of Michigan News}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kammala karatun Phi Beta Kappa tare da mafi girman bambanci a shekarar 2007 tare da digiri na farko kuma ya gabatar da jawabin farawa na wannan shekarar.&lt;ref name=&quot;YouTube 2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2016 |title=Abdulrahman El-Sayed Commencement Speech |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuKdMYh7Xxo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180519211442/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuKdMYh7Xxo&amp;gl=US&amp;hl=en |archive-date=May 19, 2018 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tsohon shugaban Amurka [[Bill Clinton]], wanda jawabinsa na farko ya biyo bayan El-Sayed, ya ce, &quot;Ba na so in kunyata babban mai magana da yawunku, amma ina fatan kowane mutum a duniya wanda ya yi imanin cewa an ƙaddara mu sami rikici na wayewa, kuma ba zai iya kaiwa ga rabuwa ta addini ba, na iya jin ku magana a yau&quot; A cewar El-Sayed, Clinton ta kusance shi bayan bikin kuma ta ƙarfafa shi ya yi la'akari da aikin gwamnati.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

El-Sayed ya sami cikakken tallafin karatu don halartar Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Michigan, inda ya kammala shekaru biyu na farko na haɗin MD / Ph.D. shirin &lt;ref name=&quot;Haidostian 2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Haidostian |first=Lisa |date=November 23, 2008 |title=First 'U' student since 2004 wins Rhodes Scholarship |url=https://www.michigandaily.com/content/2008-11-24/u-student-wins-prestigous-rhodes-scholarship |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725003057/https://www.michigandaily.com/content/2008-11-24/u-student-wins-prestigous-rhodes-scholarship |archive-date=July 25, 2018 |access-date=August 8, 2018 |website=[[The Michigan Daily]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma da farko an yi la'akari da zama Likitan kwakwalwa. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Serwach |first=Joe |date=November 24, 2008 |title=U-M dual MD/PhD student named Rhodes Scholar |url=https://record.umich.edu/articles/u-m-dual-md-phd-student-named-rhodes-scholar/ |access-date=August 6, 2026 |website=The University Record |publisher=University of Michigan}}&lt;/ref&gt; A can ya jagoranci aikin likita na dalibai zuwa [[Peru]] kuma ya kafa kungiyar dalibai wacce ta tara kudi da kuma daidaita sabis na al'umma don asibitin kyauta na gida.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Daga baya ya nemi Rhodes Scholarship, ya rubuta a cikin aikace-aikacensa, &quot;Addinin na yana koyar da cewa idan mutum ya ceci rai, ta ceci dukkan bil'adama,&quot; yayin da yake ba da labarin tattaunawar yaro tare da mahaifinsa game da muhimmancin ceton rayuka yayin da yake koya wa wasu yin hakan.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-08-13 |title=Abdul El-Sayed |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abdul-El-Sayed |access-date=2026-08-15 |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A matsayinsa na dalibi na likita na shekara ta biyu, El-Sayed ya sami tallafin Rhodes don halartar Kwalejin Oriel, Oxford, inda ya kammala Dokta na Falsafa a cikin lafiyar jama'a a 2011. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Abdul El-Sayed |url=http://www.rhodesscholarshiptrust.com/about/rhodes-scholars/class-of-2009/abdul-el-sayed |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819121313/http://www.rhodesscholarshiptrust.com/about/rhodes-scholars/class-of-2009/abdul-el-sayed |archive-date=August 19, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website=rhodesscholarshiptrust.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=El-Sayed |first=Abdulrahman M. |date=January 1, 2011 |title=Inequalities in obesity in England: an agent-based systems approach |url=http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556476 |journal=Bl.uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818072904/http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556476 |archive-date=August 18, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; A Oxford, ya sami cikakken shuɗi a matsayin kyaftin din ƙungiyar lacrosse ta maza.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hermani |first=Jordyn |date=2026-08-05 |title=Who is Abdul El-Sayed? What to know about Michigan Democrats US Senate winner |url=https://bridgemi.com/michigan-government/who-is-abdul-el-sayed-what-to-know-about-michigan-democrats-us-senate-winner/ |access-date=2026-08-17 |website=Bridge Michigan |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2014, ya kammala digiri na Doctor of Medicine a Kwalejin Likitoci da Likitoci ta Jami'ar Columbia, wanda Paul da Daisy Soros Fellowship suka goyi bayan Sabon Amurkawa da Shirin Horar da Masanin Kimiyya na Likita.&lt;ref name=&quot;fellow&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Meet the Fellows |url=https://www.pdsoros.org/meet-the-fellows/abdul-elsayed |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820182539/https://www.pdsoros.org/meet-the-fellows/abdul-elsayed |archive-date=August 20, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website=pdsoros.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 13, 2015 |title=Alumni Directory |url=http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/mdphd/profiles/alumni/profile/abdulrahmanel-sayed |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160622061909/http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/mdphd/profiles/alumni/profile/abdulrahmanel-sayed |archive-date=June 22, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website=columbia.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin farfesa na ilmin annoba a Columbia. El-Sayed bai bi horo na zama ba sabili da haka bai sami lasisi don yin aikin likita ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2026 |title=Michigan Senate hopeful El-Sayed calls himself a 'physician' but has little history treating patients |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2026/05/12/abdul-el-sayed-doctor-physician-00916389 |access-date=June 12, 2026 |website=Politico}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka a cikin lafiyar jama'a ==
El-Sayed shine marubucin labaran ilimi sama da 100, abstracts, da surori na littafi kan manufofin kiwon lafiya na jama'a, ilmin annoba na zamantakewa, da [[Daidaitaccen lafiya|bambancin kiwon lafiya]].&lt;ref name=&quot;google.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Abdul El-Sayed - Google Scholar Citations |url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0RxsP2cAAAAJ&amp;hl=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005194959/https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0RxsP2cAAAAJ&amp;hl=en |archive-date=October 5, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website=google.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Farfesa na kiwon lafiyar jama'a ===
A cikin shekara ta 2014, El-Sayed ya shiga bangaren koyarwa a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Jami'ar Columbia a matsayin mataimakin farfesa a sashen ilmin annoba. Ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Shirin Kimiyya na Tsarin Columbia da Nazarin Bincike na Duniya don Lafiya ta Jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;statnews.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nather |first=David |date=May 3, 2016 |title=A native son brings Detroit's health department back to life |url=https://www.statnews.com/2016/05/03/detroit-health-director/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819093636/https://www.statnews.com/2016/05/03/detroit-health-director/ |archive-date=August 19, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website=[[Stat (website)|Stat]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa na bincike, ciki har da kasancewa daya daga cikin masu gabatar da manufofi na Majalisar Carnegie.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Abdulrahman M. El Sayed |url=http://www.policyinnovations.org/innovators/people/data/Abdulrahman_M_El_Sayed |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804003642/http://www.policyinnovations.org/innovators/people/data/Abdulrahman_M_El_Sayed |archive-date=August 4, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website=Policy Innovations}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kirkiro kuma ya koyar da darasi na farko na Makarantar Mailman kan kimiyyar tsarin da lafiyar jama'a. Shi da [[Sandro Galea]] sun hada kai da shirya wani littafi a kan batun Systems Science and Population Health, wanda Oxford University Press ta buga a shekarar 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 1, 2017 |title=Systems Science and Population Health |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/systems-science-and-population-health-9780190492397?cc=us&amp;lang=en&amp; |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901113605/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/systems-science-and-population-health-9780190492397?cc=us&amp;lang=en&amp; |archive-date=September 1, 2018 |access-date=August 8, 2018 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Daraktan Lafiya na Detroit ===
A watan Agusta shekarar 2015, Magajin garin Mike Duggan ya nada El-Sayed Jami'in Lafiya da Babban Darakta na Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Detroit, wanda ya sanya shi, yana da shekaru 30, ƙaramin jami'in kiwon lafiya a babban birni na Amurka a lokacin. A wannan rawar, an tuhume shi da sake gina Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Detroit bayan da wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta samar da ayyukan kiwon lafiya na gwamnati bayan Birnin ya fadi a shekarar 2012. &lt;ref name=&quot;statnews.com&quot; /&gt;

A cikin shekara ta farko a matsayin darektan ya jagoranci kokarin adawa da karuwar hayakin sulfur dioxide ta hanyar Marathon Petroleum's Southwest Refinery, wanda ya haifar da raguwar hayakin gaba ɗaya.&lt;ref name=&quot;freep.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=El-Sayed |first=Abdul |date=January 6, 2016 |title=Detroit health chief: Don't let Marathon up pollutants |url=http://www.freep.com/story/opinion/contributors/2016/01/06/marathon-refinery-detroit/78350138/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827211846/http://www.freep.com/story/opinion/contributors/2016/01/06/marathon-refinery-detroit/78350138/ |archive-date=August 27, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website=Detroit Free Press |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kuma jagoranci kokarin gwada makarantun Detroit don jagora a yayin Rikicin ruwa na Flint, samar da tabarau kyauta ga yara a makarantun birnin Detroit, da kuma canza sashen kula da dabbobi na gari.&lt;ref name=&quot;DetNews20160405&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Candice |date=April 5, 2016 |title=DPS testing for lead, copper in drinking water |url=https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2016/04/05/detroit-schools-dps-lead-copper-testing/82679668/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190612134440/https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2016/04/05/detroit-schools-dps-lead-copper-testing/82679668/ |archive-date=June 12, 2019 |access-date=September 1, 2018 |website=The Detroit News}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;DetNews20160215&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ferretti |first=Christine |date=February 15, 2016 |title=Detroit official goes to bat for public health |url=https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2016/02/15/detroit-official-goes-bat-public-health/80435310/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214155446/https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2016/02/15/detroit-official-goes-bat-public-health/80435310/ |archive-date=December 14, 2019 |access-date=September 1, 2018 |website=The Detroit News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;MLive20161207&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hansen |first=Logan T. |date=December 7, 2016 |title=Detroit animal control gets new digs with doubled budget after years of poor conditions |url=https://www.mlive.com/news/detroit/index.ssf/2016/12/detroit_animal_care_control_ho.html |access-date=September 1, 2018 |website=MLive |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An nada El-Sayed a cikin Kwamitin Kashe Yara na Gwamnan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Snyder - Gov. Rick Snyder appoints members to new Child Lead Poisoning Elimination Board |url=http://www.michigan.gov/snyder/0,4668,7-277-57577_57657_59871-386566--,00.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160628080003/http://www.michigan.gov/snyder/0,4668,7-277-57577_57657_59871-386566--,00.html |archive-date=June 28, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website=michigan.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kuma yi aiki a Hukumar Ba da Shawara ta Lafiya ta Jihar Michigan da Kwamitin Ba da Shaware ga Sakataren Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam na Amurka don [[Shirin Mutane Masu Lafiya]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Snyder - Gov. Rick Snyder makes appointments to the Public Health Advisory Commission |url=http://www.michigan.gov/snyder/0,4668,7-277--397638--,00.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220084911/http://www.michigan.gov/snyder/0,4668,7-277--397638--,00.html |archive-date=December 20, 2016 |access-date=December 8, 2016 |website=Michigan.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Committee Members {{!}} Healthy People 2020 |url=https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/about/history-development/healthy-people-2030-advisory-committee/committee-members |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220092216/https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/about/history-development/healthy-people-2030-advisory-committee/committee-members |archive-date=December 20, 2016 |access-date=December 8, 2016 |website=Healthypeople.gov |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin shekarar 2016, an kira El-Sayed daya daga cikin Crain's Detroit's &quot;40 under 40&quot; da kuma Michigan League of Conservation Voters' &quot;Public Official of the Year&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Green |first=Leslie |date=October 7, 2016 |title=Abdul El-Sayed, 31 |url=http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20161007/AWARDS4016/161009939/abdul-el-sayed-31 |access-date=May 2, 2026 |website=Crain's Detroit Business |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fourth Annual Innovation in Conservation Gala - Michigan League of Conservation Voters |url=http://michiganlcv.org/event/fourth-annual-innovation-in-conservation-gala/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223135410/https://michiganlcv.org/event/fourth-annual-innovation-in-conservation-gala/ |archive-date=February 23, 2023 |access-date=August 8, 2018 |website=Michigan League of Conservation Voters |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin shekarar 2017, Jami'ar Michigan ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Bicentennial Alumni . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Broekhuizen |first=Kim |date=March 27, 2017 |title=Spring Commencement will include unique bicentennial elements |url=https://record.umich.edu/articles/spring-commencement-will-include-unique-bicentennial-elements |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202015637/https://record.umich.edu/articles/spring-commencement-will-include-unique-bicentennial-elements |archive-date=December 2, 2017 |access-date=May 2, 2026 |website=The University Record |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tun daga shekara ta 2019, El-Sayed ta dauki bakuncin America Dissected tare da Dokta Abdul El-Sayer, wani kwasfan fayiloli game da siyasa da lafiyar jama'a wanda Crooked Media ta samar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=White |first=Peter |date=September 23, 2019 |title='Pod Save America' Producer Crooked Media To Launch Narrative Podcast About Healthcare With Dr. Abdul El-Sayed |url=https://deadline.com/2019/09/pod-save-america-producer-crooked-media-to-launch-narrative-podcast-about-healthcare-dr-abdul-el-sayed-1202742106/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028153626/https://deadline.com/2019/09/pod-save-america-producer-crooked-media-to-launch-narrative-podcast-about-healthcare-dr-abdul-el-sayed-1202742106/ |archive-date=October 28, 2020 |access-date=March 11, 2020 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Daraktan Lafiya na Wayne County (2023-2025) ===
A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022, an nada El-Sayed darektan Ma'aikatar Lafiya, Dan Adam, da Ayyukan Tsohon Sojoji ta Wayne County.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Strauss |first=Daniel |date=August 4, 2018 |title=Ocasio-Cortez and Sanders work to elect first Muslim governor |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/08/04/michigan-governor-el-sayed-ocasio-cortez-sanders-democrats-762409 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250505043007/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/08/04/michigan-governor-el-sayed-ocasio-cortez-sanders-democrats-762409 |archive-date=May 5, 2025 |access-date=October 7, 2025 |website=Politico |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya ɗauki matsayin a watan Maris na shekara ta 2023 kuma ya yi murabus a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ikonomova |first=Violet |date=April 1, 2025 |title=El-Sayed leaving Wayne County health department as he eyes U.S. Senate bid |url=https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2025/04/01/abdul-el-sayed-wayne-county-health-department-senate-bid/82758673007/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260421191707/https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2025/04/01/abdul-el-sayed-wayne-county-health-department-senate-bid/82758673007/ |archive-date=April 21, 2026 |access-date=January 26, 2026 |website=Detroit Free Press |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan siyasa ==

=== Yaƙin neman zaɓe na 2018 ===
 
A ranar 9 ga watan Fabrairu shekarar, 2017, jaridar Detroit News ta ruwaito cewa El-Sayed zai yi murabus a matsayin darektan kiwon lafiya don tsayawa takarar gwamna na Michigan a zaben fidda gwani na Jam'iyyar Democrat na shekarar 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;DNresign&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ferretti |first=Christine |date=February 9, 2017 |title=Detroit health director set to make bid for governor |url=http://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2017/02/09/detroit-health-director-make-bid-governor/97690634/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324053507/https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2017/02/09/detroit-health-director-make-bid-governor/97690634/ |archive-date=March 24, 2021 |access-date=May 2, 2026 |website=The Detroit News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sanar da takararsa a hukumance a ranar 25 ga yFabrairu shekarar, 2017. El-Sayed ya yi wahayi zuwa ga ya tsaya takarar gwamna bayan Rikicin ruwa na Flint, yana cewa: &quot;Na kalli yadda Gwamna Snyder da tawagarsa na masu lissafi ke rage farashi da yanke kusurwoyi. Rashin kulawarsu ga al'ummomi ya sa dubban yara guba - kuma waɗancan yara ne kawai na yi aiki a matsayin shugabancin sashen kiwon lafiya. ... Kuma wannan wani abu ne da ban yi imani da shi ba. Na yi imani da gwamnati a matsayin wani abu da muke yi a wannan ƙasar ga mutane da mutane. &quot;
[[Fayil:Header-logo.svg|thumb|Alamar kamfen din El-Sayed a cikin 2018]]
El-Sayed ya yi alkawarin ba zai karɓi gudummawar kamfen daga kamfanoni ba, kuma ya tara sama da dala miliyan 5 daga gudummawar mutum.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Egan |first=Paul |date=July 27, 2018 |title=Spending in Michigan's gubernatorial primary is at a record pace |url=https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2018/07/27/spending-michigans-gubernatorial-primary-record-pace/848913002/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704083756/https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2018/07/27/spending-michigans-gubernatorial-primary-record-pace/848913002/ |archive-date=July 4, 2019 |access-date=September 27, 2018 |website=Detroit Free Press |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sanata na Amurka Bernie Sanders, dan takarar jam'iyyar Democrat [[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]], da kuma mai shirya Maris na Mata na shekarar 2017 Linda Sarsour sun goyi bayan El-Sayed. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marans |first=Daniel |date=July 25, 2018 |title=Bernie Sanders Endorses Democrat Abdul El-Sayed In Michigan Governor's Race |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/bernie-sanders-endorses-abdul-el-sayed-michigan-governor_us_5b58f52ee4b0de86f4930c09 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213211513/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/bernie-sanders-endorses-abdul-el-sayed-michigan-governor_us_5b58f52ee4b0de86f4930c09 |archive-date=February 13, 2019 |access-date=May 2, 2026 |website=HuffPost |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Farkas |first=Remy |date=December 17, 2017 |title=Abdul El-Sayed hosts townhall with Women's March founder |url=https://www.michigandaily.com/section/government/abdul-el-sayed-hosts-townhall-women%E2%80%99s-march-leader-and-people-bernie-sanders%E2%80%99 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106195013/https://www.michigandaily.com/section/government/abdul-el-sayed-hosts-townhall-women%E2%80%99s-march-leader-and-people-bernie-sanders%E2%80%99 |archive-date=January 6, 2018 |access-date=January 16, 2018 |website=Michigan Daily |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, kungiyar Justice Democrats da mujallar The Nation sun amince da shi. A zaben fidda gwani na 7 ga watan Agusta, ya samu kuri'u 340,560, ko kuma kusan kashi 30% na kuri'un, ya sha kashi a hannun Gretchen Whitmer.

A watan Satumbar shekarar 2018, El-Sayed ya kafa Southpaw Michigan, kwamitin siyasa, don taimakawa zabar 'yan takara masu ci gaba da tallafawa shirye-shiryen zabe a Michigan. A cikin shekarar 2020, ya yi aiki a cikin [[Joe Biden]]-Bernie Sanders Unity Task Force a kan [[Kula da lafiya a Amurka|kiwon lafiya]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nagle |first=Molly |last2=Verhovek |first2=John |date=May 13, 2020 |title=Biden, Sanders announce AOC, Kerry, Jayapal as co-chairs of unity task forces |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/biden-sanders-announce-aoc-kerry-jayapal-chairs-unity/story?id=70654480 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250429234402/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/biden-sanders-announce-aoc-kerry-jayapal-chairs-unity/story?id=70654480 |archive-date=April 29, 2025 |access-date=January 26, 2026 |website=ABC News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yaƙin neman zaɓe na Majalisar Dattijai na 2026 ===
[[Fayil:Abdul_El-Sayed_meet-and-greet_by_Conlan_Houston_1.jpg|thumb|El-Sayed a wani taron kamfen a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Michigan a shekarar 2025]]
A ranar 17 ga watan Afrilu shekarar, 2025, El-Sayed ya sanar da takararsa don zaben Democrat a zaben Majalisar Dattijan Amurka na 2026 a Michigan bayan mai mulki Gary Peters ya sanar da cewa ba zai sake tsayawa takarar sake zaben ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;El-Sayed Launch&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Wu |first=Nicholas |title=Abdul El-Sayed launches Michigan Senate campaign |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2025/04/17/abdul-el-sayed-michigan-senate-campaign-00293627 |access-date=July 22, 2026 |website=Politico}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hermani 2025&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hermani |first=Jordyn |date=April 11, 2025 |title=Abdul El-Sayed on US Senate run: &quot;If you want a fighter, I've got receipts&quot; |url=https://www.bridgemi.com/michigan-government/abdul-el-sayed-us-senate-run-if-you-want-fighter-ive-got-receipts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250417104627/https://www.bridgemi.com/michigan-government/abdul-el-sayed-us-senate-run-if-you-want-fighter-ive-got-receipts |archive-date=April 17, 2025 |access-date=April 17, 2025 |website=Bridge Michigan |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 2026, El-Sayed ya gudanar da abubuwan kamfen a makarantun jami'o'i da yawa a Michigan tare da wakilin Amurka Summer Lee da kuma dan siyasa Hasan Piker .  Haɗin Piker da yakin ya zama batun jayayya a cikin Jam'iyyar Democrat game da maganganunsa da suka gabata game da [[September 11 attacks|Hare-haren Satumba 11]], [[Hamas]], da [[Isra'ila]]. El-Sayed ya kare yakin neman zabe tare da Piker a matsayin ƙoƙari na shiga tare da masu sauraronsa, ya kara da cewa bai yarda da duk abin da Piker ya ce ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cappelletti&quot; /&gt;

Bayan Mallory McMorrow ya janye daga zaben fidda gwani na Democrat a watan Yuli, kafofin watsa labarai sun kira tseren zabi tsakanin bangaren jam'iyyar mai matsakaici, wanda Haley Stevens ke wakilta, da bangaren ci gaba, wanda El-Sayed ke wakilta.

Kamfanin Dillancin Labaran Associated Press ya kira tseren ga El-Sayed a safiyar ranar 5 ga watan Agusta. Ya shirya don fuskantar dan takarar Republican Mike Rogers a cikin babban zaben.

Idan aka zabe shi, El-Sayed zai zama Musulmi na farko &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 5, 2026 |title=Left-wing political outsider Abdul El-Sayed wins Democratic Senate primary in Michigan |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckgdkpz07kvo |access-date=August 15, 2026 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma Ba'amurke na farko da aka zaba don aiki a Majalisar Dattijan Amurka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 6, 2026 |title=Egyptian-American Dr. Abdul El-Sayed Just Won Michigan's Senate Primary... And Could Make History This November! |url=https://lovin.co/cairo/en/news/egyptian-american-dr-abdul-el-sayed-just-won-michigans-senate-primary-and-could-make-history-this-november/ |access-date=August 15, 2026 |website=lovin.co |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

AIPAC ta kashe sama da dala miliyan 10 don tallafawa abokin hamayyar El-Sayed, Haley Stevens. American Priorities PAC, mai goyon bayan Palasdinawa Super PAC da aka kafa don magance AIPAC, ya ce zai goyi bayan El-Sayed. &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Finley |first=Nolan |title=El-Sayed has a two-faced stance on PAC dollars {{!}} Finley |url=https://www.detroitnews.com/story/opinion/columnists/nolan-finley/2026/07/18/el-sayed-pac-dollars-hamas-muslim-brotherhood-israel-palestinians/90942801007/ |access-date=2026-08-15 |website=The Detroit News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Surukin El-Sayed, Jukaku Tayeb, shugaban Ƙungiyar Musulunci ta Arewacin Amurka ya ba da gudummawar $ 200,000 ga wani kwamitin mai zaman kansa, Fighting for Michigan PAC, wanda kuma aka kafa don tallafawa yakin El-Sayad.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Goodman |first=Alana |date=2026-07-14 |title=Abdul El-Sayed's Father-in-Law, a Top Donor to an El-Sayed Super PAC, Is Among Top Leaders of Muslim Brotherhood Organization Linked to Terror Funding |url=https://freebeacon.com/democrats/abdul-el-sayeds-father-in-law-a-top-donor-to-an-el-sayed-super-pac-is-among-top-leaders-of-muslim-brotherhood-organization-linked-to-terror-funding/ |access-date=2026-08-15 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-06-11 |title=Outside money is flooding Michigan's Senate primary as the candidates campaign against it |url=https://www.wlns.com/your-local-election-hq/dark-money-impact-michigan-primary/ |website=WLNS }}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Matsayi na siyasa ==
El-Sayed dan jam'iyyar Democrat ne mai ci gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kashinsky et al. 2026&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kashinsky |first=Lisa |last2=Wu |first2=Nicholas |last3=Kapos |first3=Shia |last4=Fernandez |first4=Madison |last5=Howard |first5=Andrew |date=January 18, 2026 |title=ICE jumps to center of midterm campaigns |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2026/01/18/minnesota-ice-midterm-campaigns-00735146 |access-date=January 21, 2026 |website=Politico |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yana goyon bayan Medicare for All kuma ya rubuta littafi a kan batun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Michels |first=Jonathan |date=February 3, 2026 |title=Single-Payer Champion Abdul El-Sayed Is Running for Senate |url=https://jacobin.com/2026/02/michigan-senate-el-sayed-ice |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260211070228/https://jacobin.com/2026/02/michigan-senate-el-sayed-ice |archive-date=February 11, 2026 |access-date=February 18, 2026 |website=Jacobin |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya yi rantsuwa cewa ba zai karɓi gudummawar PAC ba, yana karɓar gudummawa daga mutane kawai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mordowanec |first=Nick |date=July 8, 2025 |title=Abdul El-Sayed rakes in over $24K per day while swearing off PAC money |url=https://www.newsweek.com/michigan-senate-race-election-abdul-el-sayed-fundraising-2096219 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250709094139/https://www.newsweek.com/michigan-senate-race-election-abdul-el-sayed-fundraising-2096219 |archive-date=July 9, 2025 |access-date=February 2, 2025 |website=Newsweek |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai maye gurbin yakin neman zabe na kasa don yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa na Bernie Sanders na 2020, yana magana a madadin Sanders a abubuwan da suka faru da kuma kafofin watsa labarai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Monica |date=May 4, 2020 |title=13 Michigan books to get you through the stay-at-home order |url=https://bridgemi.com/quality-life/13-michigan-books-get-you-through-stay-home-order |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260106075416/https://bridgemi.com/quality-life/13-michigan-books-get-you-through-stay-home-order/ |archive-date=January 6, 2026 |access-date=December 11, 2025 |website=Bridge Michigan |publisher=Center for Michigan}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Shure |first=Natalie |date=April 2, 2020 |title=Abdul El-Sayed: &quot;We Need to Remember This Is About People, Not Numbers or a Curve&quot; |url=https://jacobin.com/2020/04/abdul-el-sayed-coronavirus-pandemic-health-care |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260117074406/https://jacobin.com/2020/04/abdul-el-sayed-coronavirus-pandemic-health-care |archive-date=January 17, 2026 |access-date=December 11, 2025 |website=Jacobin |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rahal |first=Sarah |date=March 9, 2020 |title=El-Sayed canvasses for Sanders, talks state health in new book |url=https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2020/03/09/el-sayed-canvasses-sanders-talks-state-health-new-book/4978872002/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200419093005/https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2020/03/09/el-sayed-canvasses-sanders-talks-state-health-new-book/4978872002/ |archive-date=April 19, 2020 |access-date=March 11, 2020 |website=Detroit News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cibiyoyin bayanai ===
A farkon watan Agustan 2026, El-Sayed ya soki cibiyoyin bayanai, yana cewa, &quot;Ina tsaye tare da zaɓaɓɓun jami'an gida da na jihohi suna cewa ba za mu iya amincewa da wasu daga cikin waɗannan ba har sai muna da tsaron tarayya. &quot;Ya yi kira ga tabbacin cewa aiki na cibiyoyin bayanai ba zai haifar da karuwar farashin da aka ba abokan ciniki ba.

=== Tattalin Arziki ===
El-Sayed yana goyon bayan [[jari-hujja]], yana cewa, &quot;Lokacin da ya zo ga batun kwaminisanci, ni ba ɗan kwaminisancin ba ne. Ni kawai mai jari-huadda ne wanda ya fahimci yadda jari-hugaba ke aiki&quot;.Ya ce tsara biliyoyin kudi don tallafawa ababen more rayuwa na jama'a &quot;ba irin wannan mai tsattsauran ra'ayi ba ne&quot;,  yayin da yake ba da shawara don tilasta aiwatar da dokokin adawa da mallaka mallaka da kuma kawar da raguwar harajin kamfanoni. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gibbons |first=Lauren |date=March 16, 2026 |title=6 major issues in Michigan's US Senate race |url=https://bridgemi.com/michigan-government/6-major-issues-in-michigans-us-senate-race/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260718031422/https://bridgemi.com/michigan-government/6-major-issues-in-michigans-us-senate-race/ |archive-date=July 18, 2026 |access-date=July 17, 2026 |website=Bridge Michigan |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Yunin 2026, ya fitar da wani shiri da ke kira ga karin tsari na hankali na wucin gadi.

=== Muhalli ===
A cikin 2025, shafin yanar gizon yakin neman zabe na El-Sayed ya gano iska mai tsabta da ruwa a matsayin fifiko, kuma ya yi kira ga tilasta aiwatar da dokokin muhalli, haɗakar da Ma'aikatar albarkatun kasa da Ma'aikatan Ingancin Muhalli a cikin Ma'aikalin Muhalli guda ɗaya, da kuma cimma &quot;100% mai sabuntawa&quot; a cikin jihar nan da 2030.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kaminski |first=Kyle |date=May 5, 2025 |title=Fighting pain with policy: Abdul El-Sayed makes his case for the US Senate |url=https://gandernewsroom.com/2025/05/05/fighting-pain-with-policy-abdul-el-sayed-makes-his-case-for-the-us-senate/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250505132752/https://gandernewsroom.com/2025/05/05/fighting-pain-with-policy-abdul-el-sayed-makes-his-case-for-the-us-senate/ |archive-date=May 5, 2025 |access-date=February 2, 2025 |website=The 'Gander |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Condon |first=Kathryn |date=July 18, 2018 |title=El-Sayed wants tougher environmental policies, more money for enforcement |url=https://www.michiganpublic.org/politics-government/2018-07-18/el-sayed-wants-tougher-environmental-policies-more-money-for-enforcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260310000209/https://www.michiganpublic.org/politics-government/2018-07-18/el-sayed-wants-tougher-environmental-policies-more-money-for-enforcement |archive-date=March 10, 2026 |access-date=January 26, 2026 |website=Michigan Public |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Manufofin kasashen waje ===
El-Sayed gabaɗaya yana adawa da taimakon soja na Amurka ga ƙasashen waje, amma ya ambaci ayyukan Amurka a lokacin mamayewar Rasha a Ukraine da Serbia a cikin shekarun 1990 a matsayin misalai na sa hannun Amurka mai fa'ida.

A cikin 2026, El-Sayed ya ce bai kamata Amurka ta ba da kuɗin sojoji na kasashen waje ba, kuma musamman ya gano Isra'ila, Masar, [[Jodan|Jordan]], da [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]].

==== Isra'ila ====
El-Sayed ya soki Isra'ila game da [[Yaƙin Gaza|yaƙi]] da [[Kisan kare dangi a Gaza|kisan kare dangi]] a Gaza. Ya kuma soki tallafin soja na Amurka ga Isra'ila, Kwamitin Harkokin Jama'a na Isra'ila na Amurka (AIPAC), da Tasirin Isra'ila a siyasar Amurka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pavlounis |first=Zachary |date=2026-07-19 |title=AIPAC has spent a record amount on Michigan's Senate primary, the biggest test of its influence yet |url=https://www.ap.org/news-highlights/elections/2026/aipac-has-spent-a-record-amount-on-michigans-senate-primary-the-biggest-test-of-its-influence-yet/ |access-date=2026-08-12 |website=The Associated Press |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; El-Sayed ya ce a watan Agustan 2026, &quot;Ƙaddamar da ni ga tsaron Yahudawa shine irin wannan ƙaddamar da nake da ita ga tsaron 'ya'yana mata&quot;.

A cikin kwasfan fayiloli na watan Janairu shekarar 2024, ya kira yakin da aka yi a Gaza Strip bala'in kiwon lafiyar jama'a kuma ya yi kira ga tsagaita wuta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A Public Health Catastrophe in Gaza |url=https://www.crooked.com/podcast/a-public-health-catastrophe-in-gaza/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250418035052/https://www.crooked.com/podcast/a-public-health-catastrophe-in-gaza/ |archive-date=April 18, 2025 |access-date=February 2, 2025 |website=America Dissected |publisher=[[Crooked Media]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; El-Sayed ya kira kisan kare dangi na Gaza gwajin ɗabi'a, yana tambaya: &quot;Idan ba za ku iya kiran shi abin da yake ba, menene kisan kare kare dangi, to ta yaya za ku tsaya ga Donald Trump? Ta yaya za ku tashi ga shugabannin magunguna?&quot; 

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2026, El-Sayed ya ce a wata hira da [[CNN]]: &quot;Kisan dubban mutane ya sa ka zama mummunan mugunta. Ba yadda mugunta yake da wannan ba. Hamas: mugunta. Gwamnatin Isra'ila: mugunta&quot;. Za mu iya cewa duka biyun.A watan Yulin, ya ce, &quot;Tambayar wanzuwar Isra'ila ba tambaya ba ce. Ba zan buga wannan wasan gotcha game da ko yana da haƙƙin wanzuwa ba. Tambayar, a ƙarshe, game da ko muna son siyasa da ke girmama daidaito. &quot;

El-Sayed ya yi imanin cewa Isra'ila kasa ce kuma ya ce, &quot;Ban yi imani da kasashe ba, kuma tabbas ban yi imani da cewa kasarmu tana da alhakin kiyaye kasashe ba. &quot;Ya ce kin amincewarsa da kabilanci ba shi da alaƙa da ko wata ƙasa tana da &quot;dama ta wanzu&quot;, yana mai cewa &quot;kawai [yana jayayya] da ra'ayin cewa ya kamata ka sami kabilanci&quot; kuma yana ƙin ƙabilar Masar da Saudi Arabiya kamar yadda yake ƙin Zionism.

El-Sayed ya danganta [[Yaƙin Iran na 2026|Yaƙin Iran na shekarar 2026]] ga tasirin AIPAC a siyasar Amurka. Ya kira Isra'ila &quot;ƙasar miyagun ƙwayoyi&quot; wacce ke aikata &quot;rashin haƙƙin ɗan adam, kisan kare dangi, da wariyar launin fata&quot; kuma ya ce ya kamata Amurka ta &quot;dakatar da tallafawa takardun shaida na sojojin Isra'ila&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lapin |first=Andrew |date=July 8, 2026 |title=Haley Stevens takes aim at Netanyahu in Michigan Senate debate, as opponent Abdul El-Sayed calls Israel a 'rogue state' |url=https://www.jta.org/2026/07/08/politics/haley-stevens-takes-aim-at-netanyahu-in-michigan-senate-debate-as-opponent-abdul-el-sayed-calls-israel-a-rogue-state |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260708171511/https://www.jta.org/2026/07/08/politics/haley-stevens-takes-aim-at-netanyahu-in-michigan-senate-debate-as-opponent-abdul-el-sayed-calls-israel-a-rogue-state |archive-date=July 8, 2026 |access-date=July 9, 2026 |website=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Rasha ====
A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, El-Sayed ya kira [[Mamayewar Rasha a Ukraine na 2022|Yaƙin Rasha da Ukraine]] &quot;yaƙi tsakanin dimokuradiyya da mulkin mallaka, tsakanin gwamnati mai cin gashin kanta da fascism&quot;, yana Allah wadai da shugaban Rasha [[Vladimir Putin]] a matsayin &quot;mai mulkin kama karya&quot;.

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2025, El-Sayed ya ce taimakon soja na Amurka ga Ukraine ya bambanta da taimakon Isra'ila, kamar yadda tsohon ya dace da kungiyoyi masu yawa. A watan Satumbar 2025, ya ce taimakon soja ga [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]] game da &quot;tabbatar da ka'idojin tsarin kasa da kasa bisa ga ka'idoji&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hedin |first=Glenn |date=September 26, 2025 |title=Senate candidate Abdul El-Sayed meets with UMich students |url=https://www.michigandaily.com/news/government/who-here-believes-in-people-over-profit-senate-candidate-abdul-el-sayed-meets-with-umich-students/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260714175137/https://www.michigandaily.com/news/government/who-here-believes-in-people-over-profit-senate-candidate-abdul-el-sayed-meets-with-umich-students/ |archive-date=July 14, 2026 |access-date=July 10, 2026 |website=[[The Michigan Daily]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Hukumomin yankin ===
A cikin shekarar 2018, El-Sayed ya goyi bayan soke dokokin jihar Michigan waɗanda ke hana kananan hukumomi karɓar harajin tallace-tallace na birni ko aiwatar da Dokokin kula da haya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Boone2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Boone |first=Alastair |date=February 2, 2018 |title=What Really Ails Detroit? |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-02-02/abdul-el-sayed-on-what-ails-detroit-and-michigan |access-date=May 2, 2026 |website=Bloomberg News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dayen |first=David |author-link=David Dayen |date=January 29, 2018 |title=Meet the Candidate Running to Fix Michigan's Brutal Housing Policies |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/meet-the-candidate-running-to-fix-michigans-brutal-housing-policies/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260508145715/https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/meet-the-candidate-running-to-fix-michigans-brutal-housing-policies/ |archive-date=May 8, 2026 |access-date=May 2, 2026 |website=The Nation |language=en-US |quote=Abdul El-Sayed would be the first Muslim-American governor in US history.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Shige da Fice da Dokar Kwastam (ICE) ===
El-Sayed yana goyon bayan soke ICE, yana jayayya cewa ba ya aiki a matsayin hukuma mai tilasta bin doka. Duk da yake ya nuna goyon baya ga tabbatar da iyakar Mexico da Amurka da kuma &quot;wasu nau'ikan&quot; tilasta bin doka ta kan iyaka, ya kira ICE &quot;ya lalace a jikinta&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Kashinsky et al. 2026&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Godfrey |first=Elaine |date=January 18, 2026 |title=&quot;Abolish ICE&quot; Is Back |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/2026/01/abolish-ice-democrats-defund-police/685665/ |url-access=subscription |access-date=January 21, 2026 |website=The Atlantic |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Haɗin kai ===
El-Sayed yana goyon bayan ƙungiyar kwadago, tun da yake ya kasance memba na SEIU, AFT, UAW, da Ƙungiyar Marubutan Kasa. Ya ce fadada ƙungiyar ya zama dole don kare &quot;girman ma'[[Kirkirar Basira|AI]]&quot; don mayar da martani ga ci gaban AI. Ya nuna goyon baya ga Dokar Kare Hakkin Shirya tare da kokarin hada-hadar tsakanin sauran sana'o'i, kamar likitoci. UAW ta amince da kamfen dinsa a watan Yunin 2026, tare da kamfen ɗin gwamna na Jocelyn Benson.

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
An haifi El-Sayed kuma ya girma a Kudu maso gabashin Michigan, kuma yana zaune a Ann Arbor tare da matarsa, Sarah Jukaku, da 'ya'yansu mata biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Meet Abdul |url=https://abdulforsenate.com/about/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250601163132/https://abdulforsenate.com/about/ |archive-date=June 1, 2025 |access-date=June 1, 2025 |website=Abdul for Senate}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shi Musulmi ne.

== Bayanan littattafai ==

*  
*  
*  

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Sister project/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{S-start}}
{{S-ppo}}
{{S-bef}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee for [[List of United States senators from Michigan|U.S. Senator]] from [[Michigan]]&lt;br&gt;([[Classes of United States senators|Class 2]])}}
{{S-inc|recent}}
{{S-end}}{{Authority control}}
==Manazarta==
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Biennial na Fasaha na Asiya</title>
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      <text bytes="5038" sha1="ceu3qnffiusqgo141jgx648lwqvu1s7" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Zane-zane na Asiya Biennial''' wani nau'in fasaha ne na zamani wanda Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Taiwan na Ƙasa ke shiryawa a [[Taichung]], [[Taiwan]] . An fara ƙaddamar da shi a shekarar 2007 da manufar &quot;bincika ra'ayoyi da yawa waɗanda ke ba da haske ga gaskiyar zamani&quot; a [[Asiya]], &quot;sauƙaƙa tattaunawa tsakanin al'adu ta hanyar fasaha&quot; da kuma &quot;haɓaka fahimtar ra'ayoyin al'adu na Asiya&quot; da kuma kerawa mai ƙarfi ta fasaha. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Asian Art Biennial (Taiwan) |url=http://biennialfoundation.dreamhosters.com/biennials/asian-art-biennial-taiwan/ |access-date=2023-12-11 |website=Biennial Foundation |language=en-US}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Asian Art Biennial in Taichung, Taiwan |url=https://universes.art/en/asian-art-biennial |access-date=2023-12-11 |website=universes.art |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Babban mai kula da Gidan Tarihi na Kasa na Fasaha na Taiwan TSAI Chao-Yi ne ya shirya bugu biyu na farko na Biennial, a shekarar 2007 da 2009. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, mai kula da nunin faifai Iris Shu-Ping Huang ta ɗauki wannan matsayin. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Biennial ya fara gayyatar baƙi masu kula da shi don bugu na 6 a shekarar 2017 kuma ƙungiyoyin masu kula da shi sun shirya shi ta hanyar ƙungiyoyin masu kula da shi guda biyu ko fiye daga ƙasashe da yankuna daban-daban na Asiya a bugu na gaba. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Archive |first=Asia Art |title=Negotiating the Future: 2017 Asian Art Biennial |url=https://aaa.org.hk/en/collections/search/library/negotiating-the-future-2017-asian-art-biennial-2017 |access-date=2023-12-11 |website=aaa.org.hk |language=en}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Asian Art Biennial 2019 |url=https://artreview.com/ara-winter-2019-review-asian-art-biennial/ |access-date=2023-12-11 |website=artreview.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phantasmapolis - Announcements - e-flux |url=https://www.e-flux.com/announcements/423951/phantasmapolis/ |access-date=2023-12-11 |website=www.e-flux.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi ==

* ''Shin Ka Ci Abinci Tukunna?'' Fasaha ta Asiya ta 1 a kowace shekara, 2007 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Archive |first=Asia Art |title=2007 Asian Art Biennial - Have You Eaten Yet? |url=https://aaa.org.hk/en/collections/search/library/2007-asian-art-biennial-have-you-eaten-yet-2007 |access-date=2023-12-11 |website=aaa.org.hk |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211220751/https://aaa.org.hk/en/collections/search/library/2007-asian-art-biennial-have-you-eaten-yet-2007 |archive-date=2023-12-11 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Ra'ayoyi da Wuraren Kallo'', Fasaha ta Asiya ta 2 a Shekara Biyu, 2009 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2009 Asian Art Biennial - Announcements - e-flux |url=https://www.e-flux.com/announcements/37431/2009-asian-art-biennial/ |access-date=2023-12-11 |website=www.e-flux.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Medi(T)ation'', 3rd Asian Art Biennial, 2011, wanda Iris Shu-Ping Huang ya shirya &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Medi(t)ation - Announcements - e-flux |url=https://www.e-flux.com/announcements/34740/medi-t-ation/ |access-date=2023-12-11 |website=www.e-flux.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Rayuwar Yau da Kullum'', 4th Asian Art Biennial, 2013, wanda Iris Shu-Ping Huang ya shirya &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Asian Art Biennial 2013 in Taichung, Taiwan |url=https://universes.art/en/asian-art-biennial/2013 |access-date=2023-12-11 |website=universes.art |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Motsin Mawaki'', 5th Asian Art Biennial, 2015, wanda Iris Shu-Ping Huang ta shirya &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Artist Making Movement—2015 Asian Art Biennial - Announcements - e-flux |url=https://www.e-flux.com/announcements/28999/artist-making-movement-2015-asian-art-biennial/ |access-date=2023-12-11 |website=www.e-flux.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Negotiating The Future'', 6th Asian Art Biennial, 2017, curated by Kenji Kubota (Japan), Ade Darmawan (Indonesia), Wassan Al-Khudhairi (Iraq), da Hsiao-Yu Lin (Taiwan) &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
* ''Baƙi Daga Bayan Dutse da Teku'', Biennial na 7 na Fasahar Asiya, 2019, wanda Hsu Chia-Wei (Taiwan) da Ho Tzu Nyen (Singapore) suka shirya &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
* ''Phantasmapolis'', 8th Asian Art Biennial, 2021, wanda Takamori Nobuo (Taiwan), Ho Yu-Kuan (Taiwan), Tessa Maria Guazon (Filipinas), Anushka Rajendran (Indiya), da Thanavi Chotpradit (Thailand) suka shirya &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;
* ''Yadda Ake Rike Numfashinku'', Biennial na 9 na Fasahar Asiya, 2024, wanda Fang Yen Hsiang (Taiwan), Anne Davidian (Armenia), Merv Espina (Philippines), Haeju Kim (Corea), Asli Bakwai (Turkiya) suka shirya &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2024 Asian Art Biennial Review: Take a Deep Breath |url=https://artreview.com/2024-asian-art-biennial-how-to-hold-your-breath-national-taiwan-museum-of-fine-arts-taichung-review-by-zian-chen/ |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=artreview.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cibiyar Gonzaga, Palermo</title>
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'''Cibiyar Gonzaga, Palermo''' (wanda yanzu aka sani da '''Gonzaga Campus''' ), wata makarantar firamare da sakandare ce mai zaman kanta ta Katolika da ke [[Palermo]], [[Sisiliya|Sicily]], [[Italiya]] . An kafa wannan jami'a ne a shekarar 1919, kuma wannan jami'a tana ba da ilimi ga ɗalibai daga watanni 18 zuwa shekaru 18, ciki har da manhajar karatu ta Italiya da kuma makarantar ƙasa da ƙasa mai takardar sheda.

== Tarihi ==
An kafa Istituto Gonzaga ta hannun ƙungiyar Yesu a shekarar 1919. A shekarar 1996, an sake tsara ta ta hanyar haɗa kai da cibiyar mata ta maƙwabta, '''Ancelle del Sacro Cuore''' (Ma'aikatan Hannu na Zuciya Mai Tsarki). Wannan haɗin gwiwa ya ƙirƙiri '''Centro Educativo Ignaziano (CEI)''', wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin wani aiki na haɗin gwiwa na tsawon kusan shekaru ashirin. 

A shekarar 2016, haɗin gwiwar ya ƙare yayin da Ancelle del Sacro Cuore ya janye daga ƙungiyar. [1] Daga baya makarantar ta koma ga shugabancin Jesuits na musamman kuma aka sake sanya mata suna zuwa Gonzaga Campus . Wannan sauyi ya ƙunshi cikakken gyara ga tsarin mulkin makarantar don daidaitawa da cibiyar ilimi ta Jesuit ta ƙasa, Fondazione Gesuiti Educationacazione. [2]

== Bayani ==
Harabar Gonzaga memba ne na Fondazione Gesuiti Educationacazione, cibiyar sadarwa da ke daidaita makarantun Jesuit a faɗin Italiya da Albania. &lt;ref name=&quot;fge_network&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=A living tradition in the 21st century - Gesuiti Educazione |url=https://gesuitieducazione.it |access-date=2026-05-03 |publisher=Fondazione Gesuiti Educazione}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cibiyar tana aiki a matsayin cibiyar ilimi mai aiki da yawa a [[Palermo]], tana ba da hanyoyi daban-daban na ilimi tun daga ƙuruciya har zuwa shirye-shiryen jami'a:

* '''Makarantar Italiyanci''' : Yana ba da tsarin ilimin ilimin Italiyanci na al'ada ciki har da Ilimin Firamare a Italiya (Scuola Primaria), Ilimin sakandare a Italiya (Scuola Secondaria di Primo Grado), da ƙwarewar makarantar sakandare a [[Liceo na gargajiya|Liceo Classico]] da Liceo Scientifico .
* '''Makarantar Duniya Palermo (ISP)''' : An kafa ta a shekarar 2008, ita ce makaranta ɗaya tilo a yankin da ke ba da cikakken digiri na Baccalaureate (IB), gami da Shirin Shekarar Firamare, Shekarar Tsakiya, da Diploma. &lt;ref name=&quot;ib_official&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=International School Palermo |url=https://ibo.org |access-date=2026-05-03 |publisher=[[International Baccalaureate]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218161642/https://www.ibo.org/ |archive-date=2020-02-18 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Italiya ta amince da takardar shaidar IB a matsayin daidai da takardar shaidar kammala karatun sakandare ta ƙasa don shiga jami'a. &lt;ref name=&quot;isp_legal&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=The International School of Palermo |url=https://gonzagacampus.it |access-date=2026-05-03 |publisher=Gonzaga Campus}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''STEM da Kirkire-kirkire''' : A bisa wani shiri da aka gabatar a shekarar 2017 tare da hadin gwiwar cibiyoyin bincike, makarantar ta hada manhajojin STEM don inganta ilimin kimiyya ta hanyar aikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=31 May 2017 |title=Studenti a lezione dai ricercatori dei centri d'eccellenza |url=http://fondazionerimed.eu |access-date=2026-05-03 |language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''Polisportiva Gonzaga''' : Harabar makarantar ta ƙunshi wurare masu yawa na wasanni, ciki har da wurin waha, wurin motsa jiki, da filayen wasan tennis, ƙwallon ƙafa, da motsa jiki, waɗanda ke yi wa ɗalibai da kuma al'ummar yankin hidima. &lt;ref name=&quot;polisportiva&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Polisportiva Gonzaga |url=https://gonzagacampus.it |access-date=2026-05-03 |publisher=Gonzaga Campus}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Harabar makarantar ta jaddada tsarin ilimi na &quot;buɗewa da yawa&quot;, wanda ya haɗa shirye-shiryen adalci na zamantakewa da wayar da kan jama'a game da muhalli a cikin tsarin koyarwarsa.

== Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai ==
A tsawon tarihinta na tsawon ƙarni, harabar Gonzaga ta ilmantar da fitattun mutane a fannin siyasa, shari'a, kimiyya da al'adu na Italiya, waɗanda da yawa daga cikinsu suna aiki a cikin ƙungiyar tsofaffin ɗalibai ta hukuma ta makarantar. &lt;ref name=&quot;history&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-01-15 |title=Buon Compleanno Istituto Gonzaga! |url=https://archiviostorico.gesuiti.it/buon-compleanno-istituto-gonzaga/ |access-date=2026-05-03 |publisher=Archivio Storico della Provincia d'Italia della Compagnia di Gesù}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Gaetano Armao, masanin shari'a kuma tsohon mataimakin shugaban yankin Sicilian. 
* Renzo Barbera, Ɗan kasuwa kuma shugaban tarihi na Palermo FC, babban ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta birnin. &lt;ref name=&quot;gazzettino&quot; /&gt;
* Paolo Giaccone, Farfesa a fannin likitancin shari'a kuma wanda aka zalunta a Mafia wanda ya ƙi yin ƙarya game da rahoton yatsan hannu na Corleonesi . 
* Roberto Lagalla, Magajin Garin Palermo na yanzu kuma tsohon Shugaban Jami'ar Palermo . 
* Enrico La Loggia, Ɗan siyasa, lauya, kuma malami wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Yankuna na Italiya (2001-2006). 
* Raimondo Lanza di Trabia, Nobleman, jami'in diflomasiyya, kuma ɗan wasa wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Palermo FC ; an san shi da ƙirƙiro kasuwar musayar 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Italiya ta zamani ( ''calciomercato'' ). &lt;ref name=&quot;livesicilia_cento&quot; /&gt;
* Piersanti Mattarella, Tsohon Shugaban [[Sisiliya|Yankin Sicily]] kuma ɗan'uwan Shugaban Italiya Sergio Mattarella ; ya kasance wanda aka zalunta a hannun ƙungiyar Mafia ta Sicily . 
* Francesco Musotto, Ɗan siyasa kuma lauya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Lardin Palermo (1994–1995, 1998–2008) kuma a matsayin memba na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai . 
* Leoluca Orlando, Magajin Garin Palermo da ya daɗe yana aiki kuma babban jigo a cikin ƙungiyar &quot;Sicilian Spring&quot; mai adawa da Mafia. &lt;ref name=&quot;palermocapitale&quot; /&gt;
* Sandro Paternostro, Shahararren ɗan jarida kuma wakilin ƙasashen waje na RAI na dogon lokaci. &lt;ref name=&quot;repubblica_raduno&quot; /&gt;
* Giuseppe Provenzano, Malami kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Sicily (1996-1998) kuma a matsayin ministan lafiya na yankin. &lt;ref name=&quot;ars_provenzano&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Profilo di Provenzano Giuseppe |url=https://ars.sicilia.it |access-date=2026-05-03 |publisher=[[Assemblea Regionale Siciliana]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Flavia Sparacino, Masanin Kimiyya kuma mai ƙirƙira; mai ƙirƙira a cikin fasahar haɓaka gaskiya, kwamfuta mai sauƙin ɗauka, da fasahar sarrafa motsin hannu a MIT Media Lab . 
* [[:it:Fabio Triolo|Fabio Triolo]], masanin kimiyyar likitanci na Italiya-Amurka kuma farfesa wanda aka san shi da aikinsa a fannin maganin sake farfaɗowa, hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na ƙwayoyin halitta, da injiniyan nama, gami da rawar da ya taka a farkon dasa ƙwayar esophagus a cikin majiyyaci ɗan adam. &lt;ref name=&quot;livesicilia_cento&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|url-status=58–61}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cibiyar Saint Dominique</title>
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'''Institut Saint Dominique''' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Institut International Saint-Dominique de Rome |url=https://institutsaintdominique.fr/en/ |access-date=2025-06-10 |website=ISD Rome |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; (ISD) makaranta ce ta ƙasa da ƙasa a arewacin [[Rum|Rome]], Italiya, wacce ke ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar Ilimi ta Odyssey. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Odyssey Education French International Schools |url=https://odyssey.education/en/group-odyssey/ |access-date=2025-06-10 |website=ODYSSEY |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250618112341/https://odyssey.education/en/group-odyssey/ |archive-date=2025-06-18 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Makarantar tana ba da manhajar karatu mai harsuna uku (Faransanci, Turanci, da Italiyanci).

ISD, wacce AEFE ta amince da ita kuma take samar da makarantar kwana, [1] tana ba da jarrabawa da takaddun shaida na ƙasashen duniya (kamar Cambridge International GCE A-levels, International Baccalaureate, Terza Media, Esabac, Baccalaureat ...).

== Duba kuma ==

* Istituto Statale Italiano Leonardo Da Vinci - Makarantar Italiyanci a Paris
* Lycée français Chateaubriand - Makarantar Faransa a Rome

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Hjalmar Christensen</title>
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'''Hjalmar Christensen''' (5 ga watan Mayu a shekarar 1869 &amp;#x2013; 29 ga Disamba 1925) marubuci ne ɗan [[Norway|ƙasar Norway]] kuma fitaccen mai sukar adabi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Finn Borgen Førsund |date=2001 |title=Hjalmar Christensen, culture critic and author from Førde |url=http://www.northseatrail.org/show_single_article.php?article_id=219&amp;lang=be |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622205245/http://www.northseatrail.org/show_single_article.php?article_id=219&amp;lang=be |archive-date=2015-06-22 |access-date=January 1, 2018 |publisher=.northseatrail.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
An haifi Christensen a Sunnfjord a Sogn og Fjordane, Norway. Ya girma ne a wata gona a Førde Municipality . Shi ɗan Michael Sundt Tuchsen Christensen (1827–95) da Frederikke Sophie Elster (1838–1927). Ɗan'uwansa Ingolf Elster Christensen ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in gwamnati kuma memba na Storting . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Knut Dørum |title=Ingolf Elster Christensen |url=https://snl.no/Ingolf_Elster_Christensen |access-date=May 1, 2017 |publisher=Store norske leksikon}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya halarci Makarantar Cathedral ta Bergen . Ya yi karatun shari'a kuma ya sami digirin shari'a a Jami'ar Royal Frederick (wanda yanzu Jami'ar Oslo ce ) a shekarar 1892. Daga 1893 zuwa 1898, Christensen malami ne a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Christiania kuma ya yi lacca na tsawon shekaru da yawa a gidan kayan tarihi na Bergen . A shekarar 1898, matsayin farfesa a fannin tarihin adabi a Jami'ar Royal Frederick ya zama babu kowa a ciki. Christensen ya nemi mukamin wanda aka bai wa Gerhard Gran . Daga baya ya yi karatun falsafar gargajiya da tarihi kuma a shekarar 1902 aka ba shi lambar yabo ta Dr. falsafa . [1]

Christensen ya rubuta labarai da dama a cikin mujallu, jaridu na mako-mako, da kuma jaridu. Ya kuma rubuta littattafai talatin da biyu, da yawa daga cikinsu sun ƙunshi al'ummomi a Sunnfjord. Christensen ya buga littattafai da dama waɗanda suka ƙunshi tarihin al'adu. Littafinsa da aka fi sani da ''Fogedgården, Af en bygds historie'' (1911) ya ba da bayanin al'adar rayuwa a Førde. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fogedgaarden |url=https://beistunxiou.firebaseapp.com/18/Fogedgaarden-AF-En-Bygds-Historie.pdf |access-date=January 1, 2018 |publisher=beistunxiou.firebaseapp.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roar Eide |title=Hjalmar Christensen |url=https://nbl.snl.no/Hjalmar_Christensen |access-date=January 1, 2018 |publisher=Norsk biografisk leksikon}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Erik Bjerck Hagen |title=Hjalmar Christensen |url=https://snl.no/Hjalmar_Christensen |access-date=January 1, 2018 |publisher=Store norske leksikon}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka ==

* ''An fara amfani da shi a'' shekarar 1900 (1900)
* ''Rayuwar ɗan adam'' (1902)
* ''Danske Digtere i Nutiden'' (1904)
* ''Unge aa'' (1905)
* ''Da kuma rayuwa'' (1909)
* ''Fogedgården'' (1911)
* ''Brødrene'' (1911)
* ''Den gamle bygd'' (1913)
* ''Din egen herre'' (1913)
* ''An haifi wannan dabbar'' a shekarar (1914)
* ''Far og søn'' (1915)
* ''Den hvide races selvmord'' (1916) 
* ''Tuntræet'' (1917)
* ''Dæmring'' (1918)
* ''Farfesa Marga'' (1920)
* ''Klostret paa Undrum'' (1924)

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1869]]</text>
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'''Hjalmar Christensen''' (5 ga watan Mayu a shekarar 1869 &amp;#x2013; 29 ga watan  Disamba 1925) marubuci ne ɗan [[Norway|ƙasar Norway]] kuma fitaccen mai sukar adabi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Finn Borgen Førsund |date=2001 |title=Hjalmar Christensen, culture critic and author from Førde |url=http://www.northseatrail.org/show_single_article.php?article_id=219&amp;lang=be |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622205245/http://www.northseatrail.org/show_single_article.php?article_id=219&amp;lang=be |archive-date=2015-06-22 |access-date=January 1, 2018 |publisher=.northseatrail.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin Rayuwa ==
An haifi Christensen a Sunnfjord a Sogn og Fjordane, Norway. Ya girma ne a wata gona a Førde Municipality . Shi ɗan Michael Sundt Tuchsen Christensen (1827–95) da Frederikke Sophie Elster (1838–1927). Ɗan'uwansa Ingolf Elster Christensen ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in gwamnati kuma memba na Storting . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Knut Dørum |title=Ingolf Elster Christensen |url=https://snl.no/Ingolf_Elster_Christensen |access-date=May 1, 2017 |publisher=Store norske leksikon}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya halarci Makarantar Cathedral ta Bergen . Ya yi karatun shari'a kuma ya sami digirin shari'a a Jami'ar Royal Frederick (wanda yanzu Jami'ar Oslo ce ) a shekarar 1892. Daga 1893 zuwa 1898, Christensen malami ne a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Christiania kuma ya yi lacca na tsawon shekaru da yawa a gidan kayan tarihi na Bergen . A shekarar 1898, matsayin farfesa a fannin tarihin adabi a Jami'ar Royal Frederick ya zama babu kowa a ciki. Christensen ya nemi mukamin wanda aka bai wa Gerhard Gran . Daga baya ya yi karatun falsafar gargajiya da tarihi kuma a shekarar 1902 aka ba shi lambar yabo ta Dr. falsafa . [1]

Christensen ya rubuta labarai da dama a cikin mujallu, jaridu na mako-mako, da kuma jaridu. Ya kuma rubuta littattafai talatin da biyu, da yawa daga cikinsu sun ƙunshi al'ummomi a Sunnfjord. Christensen ya buga littattafai da dama waɗanda suka ƙunshi tarihin al'adu. Littafinsa da aka fi sani da ''Fogedgården, Af en bygds historie'' (1911) ya ba da bayanin al'adar rayuwa a Førde. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fogedgaarden |url=https://beistunxiou.firebaseapp.com/18/Fogedgaarden-AF-En-Bygds-Historie.pdf |access-date=January 1, 2018 |publisher=beistunxiou.firebaseapp.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roar Eide |title=Hjalmar Christensen |url=https://nbl.snl.no/Hjalmar_Christensen |access-date=January 1, 2018 |publisher=Norsk biografisk leksikon}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Erik Bjerck Hagen |title=Hjalmar Christensen |url=https://snl.no/Hjalmar_Christensen |access-date=January 1, 2018 |publisher=Store norske leksikon}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka ==

* ''An fara amfani da shi a'' shekarar 1900 (1900)
* ''Rayuwar ɗan adam'' (1902)
* ''Danske Digtere i Nutiden'' (1904)
* ''Unge aa'' (1905)
* ''Da kuma rayuwa'' (1909)
* ''Fogedgården'' (1911)
* ''Brødrene'' (1911)
* ''Den gamle bygd'' (1913)
* ''Din egen herre'' (1913)
* ''An haifi wannan dabbar'' a shekarar (1914)
* ''Far og søn'' (1915)
* ''Den hvide races selvmord'' (1916) 
* ''Tuntræet'' (1917)
* ''Dæmring'' (1918)
* ''Farfesa Marga'' (1920)
* ''Klostret paa Undrum'' (1924)

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1869]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Churrasco</title>
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{{Infobox food|name=Churrasco|image=Churrasco00003.jpg|caption=Typical Brazilian ''churrasco''}}'''''Churrasco,''''' shine sunan Portuguese da Mutanen Espanya don naman sa da aka gasa wanda ya shahara a cikin abincin Kudancin Amurka da Iberian, kuma musamman a Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Chile, Uruguay, da Argentina. {{IPA|pt|ʃuˈʁasku|lang}}{{IPA|es|tʃuˈrasko|lang}}Ana amfani da kalmar a wasu ƙasashe masu magana da Mutanen Espanya da Portuguese don samfuran nama daban-daban.

Kalmar Brazil mai alaƙa ''churrascaria'' (ko churrasquería) galibi ana fahimtar ta ne Gidan cin abinci na steakhouse wanda ke ba da nama da aka gasa, da yawa suna ba da abin da mutum zai iya ci: sabobin suna motsawa a kusa da gidan cin abinci tare da skewers, yanka nama a kan farantin abokin ciniki.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Brazil Cuisine | publisher=DiscoverBrazil.com | url=http://discoverbrazil.com/braziliancuisine.cfm | quote=&quot;..churrascaria restaurant ...A small army of waiters square your table with every imaginable cut of beef, pork, and chicken on a meter long skewer (called &quot;espeto&quot;), all of them hot from the grill. They serve you small slices or portions until you raise the white flag&quot; | access-date=2007-11-20 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608135827/http://www.discoverbrazil.com/braziliancuisine.cfm | archive-date=2007-06-08 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan salon hidima ana kiransa espeto corrido ko ''Rodízio'', kuma ya shahara sosai a Brazil, musamman a jihohin kudanci kamar Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná, da Santa Catarina.

== ''Churrasco'' ta ƙasa ==
[[File:Costela_no_Fogo.JPG|thumb|''churrasco'' na Brazil]]
[[File:Churrasco_01.jpg|thumb|Sandwich na ''Churrasco'' daga Chile]]
[[File:Churrasco_carioca.jpg|thumb|Barbecue na Brazil]]
A Brazil, ''churrasco'' shine kalmar barbecue (kamar asado na Argentina da Uruguay) wanda ya samo asali ne a kudancin Brazil.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Streissguth |first=Thomas |title=Brazil in pictures |url=https://archive.org/details/brazilinpictures0000stre |publisher=Lerner Publications |location=Minneapolis |year=2003 |pages=54 |isbn=0-8225-1959-3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yana amfani da nama iri-iri, naman alade, sausage da kaza wanda za'a iya dafa shi a kan churrasqueira da aka gina da manufa, grill na barbecue, sau da yawa tare da goyon baya ga spits ko skewers. Gida da aka sanye take da churrasqueira ita ce babbar wurin siyarwa don kadarori a Kudancin Brazil. Churrasqueiras masu ɗaukar ''soya'' suna kama da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don shirya asado na Argentina da Uruguay, tare da goyon bayan grill, amma yawancin churrasqueiras na Brazil ba su da grills, gawayi skewers sama da embers. Ana iya dafa nama a madadinsa a kan manyan ƙarfe ko katako na katako da ke kwance a kan tallafi ko a makale a cikin ƙasa kuma a gasa shi da gawayi (an kuma yi amfani da itace, musamman a jihar Rio Grande do Sul).

A Nicaragua, ƙungiyar baƙi ta farko da ta gabatar da kalmar wannan yankan naman sa zuwa gidan cin abinci na Amurka a [[Miami|Miami, Florida]] tun farkon shekarun 1950, tana nufin naman alade da aka shirya da aka gasa kuma an yi amfani da shi tare da sauce na gargajiya na ''chemchurri'' da aka yi da macerated parsley, tafarnuwa, albasa, da sauce mai na zaitun.

A Argentina da Uruguay, ''churrasco'' yana nufin duk wani yankan naman sa marar ƙashi wanda aka yanka dan kadan kamar nama kuma an gasa shi a kan gawayi mai zafi ko a kan ƙwararru mai zafi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://carnehereford.com.br/origens-do-churrasco/ |title=Origens do Churrasco - Associação Brasileira de Hereford e Braford |access-date=2026-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260517210703/http://www.carnehereford.com.br/origens-do-churrasco/ |archive-date=2026-05-17 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin Jamhuriyar Dominica da [[Puerto Rico]], koyaushe yana nufin naman alade, wanda aka dafa a kan grill barbecue. Sauce na ''chemchurri'' zaɓi ne, tunda nama yana da ɗanɗano sosai tare da ɗan ƙaramin alamar gishirin teku wanda aka yayyafa a kan nama yayin dafa abinci. A Puerto Rico, al'ada ce a maye gurbin sauce ''chemchurri'' tare da sauce guava rum da aka yi da kayan yaji da sauce 7up ko ''Ajilimójili''.

A Ecuador ''churrasco'' abinci ne na musamman na yankin Coast, musamman Guayaquil. Babban sinadarin abincin shine nama da aka gasa wanda aka dafa da ''chemchurri'', ana ba da shi tare da shinkafa, fararen shinkafa na Faransa, kwai mai soya, da yankan avocado.

A Guatemala, ana ɗaukar ''churrasco'' a matsayin abinci na al'ada, sau da yawa ana cinye shi a cikin tarurruka da kuma lokutan biki. Yawancin lokaci ana ba da shi a saman da ''chirmol'', jan sauce wanda ke dauke da tumatir da albasa, kuma yana tare da [[masara]], guacamole, dankali da aka gasa, baƙar fata, shinkafa, da tortillas.

A Chile, ''churrasco'' yana nufin wani ɗan gajeren nama wanda ya bambanta dangane da ingancin da ake so na sandwich. Ana gasa sassan kuma ana ba da su a cikin burodi mai dumi (wanda ake kira ''Marraqueta'', ko pan batido a Valparaíso), yawanci tare da tumatir, avocado, da mayonnaise, idan akwai churrasco italiano. Wani sanannen abinci, ''churrasco'' a lo pobre (&quot;''Churrasco ga matalauta''&quot;), ya ƙunshi churrasco da aka ba da shi tare da fries na Faransa, kwai da aka dafa, da albasa mai laushi.

A Portugal, frango de churrasco tare da ''[[piri piri]]'' (wani nau'in kaza mai gishiri da aka dafa a kan churrasqueira, wanda aka dafa da jan chili, tafarnuwa, da paprika) ya shahara sosai. ''churrasco'' na Portuguese da abincin kaza sun shahara sosai a ƙasashe tare da al'ummomin Portuguese, kamar Kanada, Ostiraliya, New Zealand, Amurka, Afirka ta Kudu, Zimbabwe ([[Rhodesia]]) da Venezuela. Ana amfani da kalmar ''churrasco'' a tsoffin yankunan Portuguese; churrasco moçambicano abinci ne na nama daga Mozambique, alal misali.

A [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]], ''churrasco'' yana nufin kusan kawai ga naman alade da aka gasa ko naman sa. Galicians waɗanda suka yi hijira zuwa Amurka a ƙarni na 20 sun ɗauki girke-girke na ''churrasco'' tare da su. A zamanin yau, yawancin Galicians na dukkan zamantakewar al'umma suna shirya ''Churrascada''.

A cikin ƙasar Amurka, gidajen cin abinci na salon ''churrasco'' sun karu da shahara tun daga shekarun 1990, &lt;ref name=&quot;Tonon, 10/15/2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tonon |first=Rafael |date=October 15, 2019 |title=Brazilian Food in the U.S. Is About to Get a Lot More Exciting |url=https://www.eater.com/2019/10/15/20906759/brazilian-food-restaurants-steakhouses-manoella-buffara-rodrigo-oliveira |access-date=31 August 2020 |website=Eater.com |publisher=Vox Media LLC.}}&lt;/ref&gt; wanda ya haifar da nasarar sarƙoƙi daban-daban, gami da Rodizio Grill, Texas de Brazil, Fogo de Chão, da Tucanos, da kuma gidajen cin abincin Brazil masu zaman kansu. &lt;ref name=&quot;Tonon, 10/6/2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tonon |first=Rafael |date=October 6, 2016 |title=How the Brazilian Steakhouse Swept America |url=https://www.eater.com/2016/10/6/13168942/fogo-de-chao-brazilian-steakhouse |access-date=31 August 2020 |website=Eater.com |publisher=Vox Media, LLC}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin ƙasar Amurka, &quot;Churrasco&quot; alama ce ta kasuwanci mai rijista don rotisserie / grills wanda Hickory Industries, Inc. na Fort Lee, New Jersey suka ƙera.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2009 |title=Churrasco |url=http://tmsearch.uspto.gov/bin/showfield?f=doc&amp;state=4807:v7init.4.12 |access-date=31 August 2020 |website=USPTO.gov |publisher=United States Patent and Trademark Office |archive-date=6 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706085546/https://tmsearch.uspto.gov/bin/showfield?f=doc&amp;state=4807:v7init.4.12 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; caption=&quot;Some typical ''churrasco'' cuts&quot;&gt;
File:Churrasco00001.jpg
File:Churrasco00003.jpg
File:Wagyu00001.jpg
File:Primerib00001.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Duba kuma ==
 

* Shashlik
* Bayar da kebab
* Gyros

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* {{Commons category-inline|Churrasco}}
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Davey Alba</title>
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'''Davey Alba''' mai ba da rahoto ne na fasaha wanda ke rufe Big Tech don Bloomberg News, &lt;ref name=&quot;DA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roush |first=Chris |date=2022-03-23 |title=Bloomberg hires Alba from NY Times to cover Google, Big Tech |url=https://talkingbiznews.com/they-talk-biz-news/bloomberg-hires-alba-from-ny-times-to-cover-google-big-tech/ |access-date=2022-09-27 |website=Talking Biz News |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604215811/https://talkingbiznews.com/they-talk-biz-news/bloomberg-hires-alba-from-ny-times-to-cover-google-big-tech/ |archive-date=2022-06-04 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; bayan da ya ba da rahotanni game da bayanan karya na kan layi ga The New York Times. &lt;ref name=&quot;:&amp;quot;a&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-07-19 |title=Meet Our New Tech Reporter: Davey Alba |url=https://www.nytco.com/press/meet-our-new-tech-reporter-davey-alba/ |access-date=2020-08-14 |website=The New York Times Company |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Davey Alba a [[Manila]], [[Filipin|Philippines]], kuma ya halarci Jami'ar De La Salle, inda ya sami digiri a fannin fasaha. Mahaifinta masanin kimiyya ne, mahaifiyarta mai ba da shawara kan tattalin arziki kuma 'yar'uwarta VP ce ta bankin saka hannun jari na kasa da kasa. Ta zo Amurka tana da shekaru 23 &lt;ref name=&quot;:&amp;quot;b&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=This Pinay Is The New York Times' New Tech Reporter |url=https://metro.style/people/society-personalities/this-dlsu-alumna-is-the-new-york-time-s-new-tech-r/15469 |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=Metro.Style}}&lt;/ref&gt; a 2011. Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Columbia kuma ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin aikin jarida na kimiyya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:&amp;quot;a&amp;quot;&quot; /&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
Ayyukan Alba na farko daga horo ya kasance a Popular Mechanics; ta kasance editan fasaha kuma ta sami damar gwada na'urori da wayoyi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Davey Alba, M.A. Program Alumna, Wins 2019 Livingston and Mirror Awards |url=https://apply.jrn.columbia.edu/register/form?id=91ba1957-c5fd-4b4f-a740-ab4b82fd030c |access-date=2020-08-14 |website=apply.jrn.columbia.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto game da fasaha a ''BuzzFeed News'', Wired da ''Gizmodo'' kafin ta shiga The New York Times a matsayin mai bayar da rahoto kan fasaha a shekarar 2019. &lt;ref name=&quot;:&amp;quot;a&amp;quot;&quot; /&gt; Yankin da ta ke ɗaukar hoto shine &quot;rashin bayani da duk yatsunsu&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-07-25 |title=New York Times hires Filipina technology reporter |url=https://usa.inquirer.net/35121/new-york-times-hires-filipina-technology-reporter |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=INQUIRER.net USA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;A watan Maris, 2022, ta shiga Bloomberg News, tana rufe Google da Big Tech . &lt;ref name=&quot;DA&quot; /&gt;

A cikin 2018, tana aiki a BuzzFeed News, ta ba da rahoton yadda Shugaban Philippines Rodrigo Duterte ya yi amfani da Facebook don samun iko a kasar.&lt;ref name=&quot;:&amp;quot;d&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 September 2018 |title=Duterte's Drug War And The Human Cost Of Facebook's Rise In The Philippines |url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/daveyalba/facebook-philippines-dutertes-drug-war |access-date=2020-08-14 |website=BuzzFeed News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ga labarin BuzzFeed News game da Duterte, Alba ta lashe kyaututtuka biyu na 2019. An ba ta lambar yabo ta Livingston don Rahoton Kasa da Kasa, inda ta rubuta yadda [[Fezbuk|Facebook]] ta yi watsi da labarai na karya, ta haifar da yakin miyagun ƙwayoyi na Filipino,  kuma ta yi mummunar tasiri ga al'umma mai rauni &lt;ref name=&quot;:&amp;quot;c&amp;quot;&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-06-04 |title=2019 Livingston Winners Announced |url=https://wallacehouse.umich.edu/2019-livingston-winners-announced/ |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=Wallace House |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; ta hanyar ba Duterte damar sarrafa ra'ayin jama'a da lashe zaben.&lt;ref name=&quot;:&amp;quot;b&amp;quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-11-19 |title=Duterte's Facebook-Fueled Rise to Power: Manipulating Public Opinion to Capture an Election |url=http://fordschool.umich.edu/events/2020/duterte-s-facebook-fueled-rise-power-manipulating-public-opinion-capture-election |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=The Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan Duterte ya ci nasara, na'urar Facebook ta sarrafa ra'ayi ta zama mai tallafawa jihar &lt;ref name=&quot;:&amp;quot;d&amp;quot;&quot; /&gt; &quot;don azabtar da abokan adawar, wani lokacin da mutuwa. &quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:&amp;quot;c&amp;quot;&quot; /&gt;Ta lashe lambar yabo ta Mirror don Labari mafi kyau don Jarida a cikin Haɗari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Past Winners |url=https://mirrorawards.syr.edu/past-winners/ |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=Mirror Awards {{!}} Newhouse School at Syracuse University |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716073904/https://mirrorawards.syr.edu/past-winners/ |archive-date=2020-07-16 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan bayar da rahoto game da bidiyon da ke goyon bayan shawarar Shugaba Trump don amfani da Magungunan kashe cututtuka a cikin maganin [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]],  Alba ita ce manufa ta &quot;harin da aka yi amfani da shi&quot;.Alba ta ba da rahoton cewa an yi niyya da ita a matsayin mai ba da rahoto wanda baƙo ne, mace kuma mutum ne mai launin fata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Westcott |first=Lucy |date=2020-05-21 |title=NY Times reporter Davey Alba on covering COVID-19 conspiracy theories, facing online harassment |url=https://cpj.org/2020/05/ny-times-reporter-davey-alba-on-covering-covid-19/ |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=Committee to Protect Journalists |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Satumbar 2021, Alba ta yi hira da babban jami'in zartarwa na Wikimedia Foundation [[Maryana Iskander]] . 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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    <title>Charles Burrell (mai kiɗa)</title>
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'''Charles Burrell''' (Oktoba 4, 1920 - Yuni 17, 2025) ya kasance dan wasan gargajiya na Amurka da jazz wanda aka fi sani da kasancewa dan Afirka na farko da ya zama memba na babbar ƙungiyar Amurka (Orchestra na Denver, wanda yanzu ake kira Colorado Symphony). Don wannan nasarar, ana kiransa &quot;Jackie Robinson na Kiɗa na gargajiya&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;cpr.org&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=de Yoanna |first=Michael |date=December 4, 2014 |title=Charlie Burrell, pioneer black musician in Colorado, releases memoir |url=https://www.cpr.org/show-segment/charlie-burrell-pioneer-black-musician-in-colorado-releases-memoir/ |website=cpr.org |publisher=Colorado Public Radio}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;urbanspectrum.net&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hudson |first=Andrew |last2=Steen |first2=Purnell |title=Charlie Burrell: A Denver Musical Legend |url=http://www.urbanspectrum.net/archives/burrell.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406051204/http://www.urbanspectrum.net/archives/burrell.html |archive-date=April 6, 2023 |website=Denver Urban Spectrum}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;cudenvertoday.org&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Emily |date=December 1, 2014 |title=Professor releases book on life of renowned local artist Charles Burrell |url=https://news.ucdenver.edu/professor-releases-book-on-life-of-renowned-local-artist-charles-burrell/ |access-date=June 19, 2025 |website=news.ucdenver.edu |publisher=[[University of Colorado Denver]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko, iyali da ilimi ==
An haifi Charles Burrell a Toledo, Ohio, kuma ya girma a zamanin Depression [[Detroit]], Michigan . Mahaifiyarsa, [[Denver]], 'yar wani ministan Ikilisiyar Episcopal na Methodist ne daga Denver, Colorado . &lt;ref name=&quot;HistoryMakers&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Charles Burrell |url=https://www.thehistorymakers.org/biography/charles-burrell-39 |access-date=June 19, 2025 |website=thehistorymakers.org |publisher=The History Makers}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A makarantar firamare, Burrell ya yi fice a kiɗa. Lokacin da yake dan shekara goma sha biyu, ya ji San Francisco Symphony a karkashin sanannen mai gudanarwa Pierre Monteux a gidan rediyo na iyalinsa kuma ya yi rantsuwa da yin wasa a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar mawaƙa a ƙarƙashin jagorancinsa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HistoryMakers&quot; /&gt; Ya buga bass a matsayin dalibi a Makarantar Sakandare ta Cass Tech, inda mawaƙa biyu daga ƙungiyar Detroit Symphony Orchestra, Gaston Brohan da Oscar Legassy suka koya masa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HistoryMakers&quot; /&gt;

Burrell ya halarci New England Conservatory of Music, kuma bayan da aka sallame shi daga aikin soja a cikin Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka, ya halarci Jami'ar Jihar Wayne.&lt;ref name=&quot;DeGette-Tribute-pdf&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=DeGette |first=Diana |date=February 11, 2011 |title=Tribute to Mr. Charlie Burrell |url=https://www.congress.gov/crec/2011/02/11/CREC-2011-02-11-pt1-PgE211.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=[[Congressional Record]] |publisher=[[United States Congress]] |volume=157 |page=E211 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104163551/https://www.congress.gov/crec/2011/02/11/CREC-2011-02-11-pt1-PgE211.pdf |archive-date=2017-01-04 |access-date=2025-06-19 |via=congress.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami takardar shaidar koyarwa a Jami'ar Denver . &lt;ref name=&quot;DeGette-Tribute-pdf&quot; /&gt;

== Rayuwa da aiki na baya ==
Bayan makarantar sakandare, Burrell ya sami aiki yana wasa da jazz a B.J.'s, kulob din a Kwarin Aljanna na Detroit. A farkon yakin duniya na biyu, an tsara shi a cikin wani baƙar fata wanda ke cikin sansanin sojan ruwa na Great Lakes kusa da Chicago, Illinois. Ya taka leda a cikin ƙungiyar taurari tare da Clark Terry, Al Grey, da O. C. Johnson, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 2, 2003 |title=Band of brothers |url=https://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/band-of-brothers/article_3370f418-af62-5e83-90b5-bc004adc1dfc.html |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya halarci azuzuwan a Jami'ar Arewa maso Yamma da kuma Orchestra na Chicago.

A shekara ta 1949, Burrell ya haɗu da dangin mahaifiyarsa a Denver, Colorado . [1] Yayinda yake samun takardar shaidarsa ta koyarwa, ya yi aiki a Asibitin Sojojin Fitzsimons, kuma daga baya ya koyar a makarantun jama'a na Denver.[2] Ya zama Ba'amurke na farko a cikin Denver Symphony Orchestra . [3] A cewar littafin Music for a City Music for the World: 100 Years with the San Francisco Symphony, yayin da yake hutu a San Francisco, ya yi farin ciki da hanyarsa ta shiga cikin sauraro tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa bayan ganawa a titi tare da Philip Karp, babban bassist na Symphony . [4] A shekara ta 1959, ya cika mafarkinsa na yin wasa ga Pierre Monteux ta hanyar shiga San Francisco Symphony a matsayin mawaƙa na farko na Afirka, kuma ya kasance a can har zuwa 1965. [3][5] Da ya dawo Denver, ya sake shiga ƙungiyar mawaƙa, yana wasa tare da su shekaru da yawa, ya yi ritaya a 1999.[3]

Burrell shi ne Ba'amurke na farko da ya zama memba na irin wannan babbar ƙungiyar mawaƙa, kuma saboda haka an kira shi &quot;Jackie Robinson na kiɗa na gargajiya&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 2, 2019 |title=Charles Burrell: The Jackie Robinson of Classical Music |url=https://www.sfsymphony.org/Articles-Interviews/Articles/Charles-Burrell-The-Jackie-Robinson-of-Classical-M |website=sfsymphony.org |publisher=San Francisco Symphony}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;cpr.org&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;urbanspectrum.net&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;cudenvertoday.org&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;Porter2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 18, 2011 |title=Bass player Charlie Burrell lays foundation for classical, jazz followers |url=https://www.denverpost.com/2011/06/18/bass-player-charlie-burrell-lays-foundation-for-classical-jazz-followers/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;GPO2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=DeGette |first=Diana |date=February 11, 2011 |title=Tribute to Mr. Charlie Burrell |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2011-02-11/html/CREC-2011-02-11-pt1-PgE211-2.htm |journal=[[Congressional Record]] |volume=157 |pages=E211–E212 |via=govinfo.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Efn|Prominent African-American classical musicians preceding Burrell by approximately a century include composer [[Francis Johnson (composer)|Francis Johnson]], classical guitarist [[Justin Holland]], and [[National Peace Jubilee]] grand orchestra members Frederick E. Lewis and [[Henry F. Williams]].}}

A cewar Mujallar Jet da Indianapolis Recorder a cikin 1953, Burrell ya bar wasa a cikin Denver Symphony don ya zama dan wasan bass a cikin ƙungiyar Nellie Lutcher.  Ya kasance fitaccen dan wasan jazz a wurin Five Points, Denver kuma an nuna shi a cikin shirin [[PBS]] akan batun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 20, 2014 |title=RMPBS Specials &amp;#124; Rocky Mountain Legacy: Jazz in Five Points &amp;#124; Season 1 &amp;#124; Episode 105 |url=https://www.pbs.org/video/rmpbs-specials-rocky-mountain-legacy-jazz-five-points/ |website=[[PBS]].org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;DeGette-Tribute-pdf&quot; /&gt; A wannan lokacin, yanayin jazz a cikin Five Points shine kawai tsakanin St. Louis da West Coast, don haka ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi rai a ƙasar, sau da yawa ana kiransa &quot;Harlem na Yamma&quot;. Ya taka leda a cikin rukuni na farko na jazz a Colorado, Al Rose Trio .   &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 25, 2016 |title=The Jazz Roots of Denver's Five Points, Uncovered |url=https://innovatorspeak.com/the-jazz-roots-of-denvers-five-points-uncovered/ |website=Innovators Peak |access-date=September 16, 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260422090215/https://innovatorspeak.com/the-jazz-roots-of-denvers-five-points-uncovered/ |archive-date=April 22, 2026 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GPO2011&quot; /&gt; Ya tashi ya zama dan wasa na tsakiya a cikin yanayin jazz na Five Points ta hanyar zama dan wasan bass na gida a Otal din Rossonian, wanda aka dauka a matsayin &quot;tsakiya na nishaɗi&quot; a cikin Five Points a wannan zamanin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 2008 |title=Five Points Glory Days |url=https://frontporchne.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/2008_02Feb.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya raba mataki tare da almara na jazz kamar Fats Waller, [[Billie Holiday]], Erroll Garner, Charlie Parker, Earl Hines, Duke Ellington, Count Basie, da Lionel Hampton, da Gene Harris.&lt;ref name=&quot;GPO2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Porter2011&quot; /&gt;

An kuma lura da shi a matsayin malami da kuma mai ba da shawara ga dan wasan bass Ray Brown da kuma mai lashe [[Lambar yabo ta Grammy|Kyautar Grammy]] mai yawa Dianne Reeves, 'yar uwarsa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Porter2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 10, 2015 |title=Dianne Reeves Celebrates Grammy Award at Hartford's Infinity Music Hall |url=https://www.ctpublic.org/arts-and-culture/2015-02-10/dianne-reeves-celebrates-grammy-award-at-hartfords-infinity-music-hall |website=Connecticut Public}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mai ba da sauti George Duke, dan uwansa, ya kuma yaba wa Burrell saboda kasancewa mutumin da ya shawo kansa ya bar kiɗa na gargajiya kuma ya sauya zuwa jazz.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 18, 2013 |title=Legendary Jazz Artiste George Duke's Final Bow |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/article/2000111793/legendary-jazz-artiste-george-duke-s-final-bow}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duke ya bayyana cewa &quot;yana so ya zama 'yanci&quot; kuma Burrell &quot;ya yanke shawara a gare ni&quot; ta hanyar shawo kansa ya &quot;yi ingantawa kuma ya yi abin da kake so ka yi&quot;.
[[File:Charlie_Burrell_at_home.jpg|thumb|Burrell a gida a cikin 2017]]
Ya ci gaba da yin aiki sosai a cikin shekaru 90, ciki har da yin wasa kai tsaye a cikin ɗakin karatu na sanannen gidan rediyo na Jazz KUVO, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 14, 2002 |title=Renowned bassist Charles Burrell bangs out the bass with vocalist... |url=https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/renowned-bassist-charles-burrell-bangs-out-the-bass-with-news-photo/161329105 |website=gettyimages.com |publisher=Getty Images}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan marshals guda biyu da suka jagoranci fareti a bikin Cinco Points Jazz . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Solomon |first=Jon |last2=Moulton |first2=Katie |date=May 17, 2016 |title=Five Points Jazz Festival and Project Pabst Come to Denver This Weekend |url=https://www.westword.com/music/five-points-jazz-festival-and-project-pabst-come-to-denver-this-weekend-7912613 |website=Westword}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 4, 2016 |title=Five Points Jazz 2016 |url=https://www.kuvo.org/news/five-points-jazz-2016 |website=KUVO Jazz}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2021, ya bayyana a cikin fim din ''JazzTown'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dye |first=Barb |date=2025-06-19 |title=Denver Resident and Nationally Known Classical &amp; Jazz Bass Player Charles Burrell Passes at Age 104 // Other Notable Musicians’ Deaths |url=https://coloradomusic.org/denver-resident-and-nationally-known-classical-jazz-bass-player-charles-burrell-passes-at-age-104-other-notable-musicians-deaths/ |access-date=2025-08-11 |website=COMBO - The Colorado Music Business Organization |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2025]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1920]]
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  <page>
    <title>Cibiyar Nazarin Jama'a ta Ferguson</title>
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[[Missouri]] Ferguson, Missouri Ferguson Municipal Public Library wani ɗakin karatu ne na jama'a na Amurka wanda ke cikin Ferguson, Missouri . Yana cikin memba na Cibiyar Nazarin Gidauniyar St. Louis County . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FAQ |url=http://www.kpl.lib.mo.us/pages/all-ages/all-users/faq |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141207211733/http://www.kpl.lib.mo.us/pages/all-ages/all-users/faq |archive-date=7 December 2014 |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=Kirkwood Public Library}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi ==
An kafa ɗakin karatu na jama'a na Ferguson a watan Yunin 1930 a matsayin ɗakin karatu na al'umma na sa kai.&lt;ref name=&quot;fmpl_history&quot; /&gt; Hukumar Laburaren Missouri ta tuntubi Babi na FH na P.E.O. Sisterhood game da fara ɗakin karatu na jama'a a Ferguson &lt;ref name=&quot;fmpl_history&quot; /&gt; kuma ɗakin karatu na Kirkwood ya ba da jagora da kyauta littattafai hamsin. 
&lt;ref name=&quot;fmpl_history&quot; /&gt;An buɗe ɗakin karatu a ranar 1 ga watan Yuni, a shekara ta 1930, a kusurwar Carson da Florissant Road tare da littattafai 575 a cikin tarin sa.&lt;ref name=&quot;fmpl_history&quot; /&gt; Tsakanin 1930 da 1995, ɗakin karatu ya koma sau da yawa kafin ya sami ginin amfani guda ɗaya.&lt;ref name=&quot;fmpl_history&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=History of the Library |url=http://www.ferguson.lib.mo.us/about/history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141128003625/http://www.ferguson.lib.mo.us/about/history.htm |archive-date=28 November 2014 |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=Ferguson Municipal Public Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 1966, Cibiyar Nazarin Jama'a ta Ferguson ta shiga Cibiyar Nazaren Jama'a na St. Louis County (MLC). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Municipal Library Consortium |url=http://www.mlc.lib.mo.us/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131126202539/http://www.mlc.lib.mo.us/ |archive-date=26 November 2013 |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=Municipal Library Consortium of St. Louis County}}&lt;/ref&gt;
A cikin 2015 Jaridar Library ta ba da sunan ɗakin karatu a matsayin Gale Cengage / LJ Library of the Year . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Library Journal |url=http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2015/06/awards/2015-galelj-library-of-the-year-ferguson-municipal-public-library-mo-courage-in-crisis/#_ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630200642/http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2015/06/awards/2015-galelj-library-of-the-year-ferguson-municipal-public-library-mo-courage-in-crisis/#_ |archive-date=30 June 2015 |access-date=1 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
Cibiyar Nazarin Jama'a ta Ferguson tana hidimtawa mutane 21,538. Yana da tarin kundin 77,317 da kuma yaduwar ma'amaloli 70,421.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ferguson Municipal Library |url=http://librarytechnology.org/libraries/library.pl?id=20306 |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=libraries.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bugu da kari, masu kula da ɗakin karatu suna da damar yin amfani da littattafai sama da 700,000 da ke cikin sauran ɗakunan karatu guda takwas a cikin MLC.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Local Libraries |url=http://libguides.wustl.edu/c.php?g=47196&amp;p=303117 |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=Washington University Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; Katalogin Samun Jama'a na Kan layi shine SirsiDynix Horizon . Katalogin ɗakin karatu ya haɗa da littattafai na lokaci-lokaci, bugawa na musamman da tarin dijital, fina-finai, wallafe-wallafen dijital, samun damar yin amfani da littattafai da littattafai a Intanet.&lt;ref name=&quot;fmpl_services&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Services |url=http://www.ferguson.lib.mo.us/about/services.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141128003433/http://www.ferguson.lib.mo.us/about/services.htm |archive-date=28 November 2014 |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=Ferguson Municipal Public Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ayyukansu sun haɗa da: Wi-Fi da tashoshin aiki na kwamfuta, Chromebooks, rance na laburare, abubuwan da suka faru ga yara da manya, taimakon haraji ga mazauna da ba su da isasshen kuɗi, rajistar masu jefa kuri'a da ɗakunan taron jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;fmpl_services&quot; /&gt;

=== Ayyukan tallafi bayan harbi na Michael Brown ===
Sau da yawa ana amfani da ɗakin karatu a matsayin wurin taro ga albarkatun al'umma, shugabannin, da masu kasuwanci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hu |first=Elise |date=November 27, 2014 |title=A Nationwide Outpouring Of Support For Tiny Ferguson Library |url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/11/27/366811650/a-nationwide-outpouring-of-support-for-tiny-ferguson-library |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=National Public Radio}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami kulawa ta kasa tun daga watan Agustan 2014 don kokarinsa na tallafawa al'ummar yankin bayan harbi na Michael Brown. Wadannan kokarin sun hada da taimaka wa malamai bude makarantar wucin gadi a filin ɗakin karatu a watan Agusta da Nuwamba 2014 lokacin da makarantun Gundumar Makarantar Ferguson-Florissant suka rufe saboda damuwa game da tsaro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Curry |first=Colleen |date=August 20, 2014 |title=Ferguson Library Becomes Refuge for Adults and Children Amid Strife |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/ferguson-library-refuge-adults-children-amid-strife/story?id=25050930 |access-date=4 December 2014 |website=ABC News}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bustamente, Jr. |first=Cesar |date=August 26, 2014 |title=Ferguson Libraries Step Up to Serve Community in Turmoil |url=http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2014/08/public-services/ferguson-libraries-step-up-to-serve-community-in-turmoil/#_ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141203174950/http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2014/08/public-services/ferguson-libraries-step-up-to-serve-community-in-turmoil/#_ |archive-date=3 December 2014 |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=Library Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 22, 2014 |title=Don Lemon visits &quot;School of Peace&quot; |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mWbWSK6ef08 |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=CNN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sauran ayyukan tallafi sun haɗa da karɓar bakuncin Hukumar Kula da Ƙananan Kasuwanci ta Amurka don samar da rancen gaggawa da ofishin Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Amurka don samarwa da dawo da takardu da adana muhimman takardu da aka lalata.&lt;ref name=&quot;sdut_120214&quot; /&gt; Har ila yau, ɗakin karatu ya dauki bakuncin Ma'aikatar Inshora ta Missouri don taimakawa kamfanoni na cikin gida don yin rajistar inshora kuma ya gudanar da tarurrukan al'umma karkashin jagorancin ONUS, Inc., NAACP da Teach for America.&lt;ref name=&quot;sdut_120214&quot; /&gt; Alliance of Black Art Galleries ta zaɓi ɗakin karatu don nuna nune-nunen fasaha don mayar da martani ga mutuwar Brown da rikice-rikicen da suka shafi.&lt;ref name=&quot;sdut_120214&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hall |first=Matthew T. |date=December 2, 2014 |title=Ferguson library donations amazingly top $300K in a week |url=http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2014/dec/01/ferguson-library-donations/ |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=San Diego Union-Tribune}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laburaren ya ba da kayan warkarwa ga yara na cikin gida waɗanda ke ƙunshe da littattafai da ayyukan da suka shafi magance abubuwan da suka faru da kuma dabba mai laushi don yaron ya kiyaye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Solo |first=Kay |date=December 1, 2014 |title=Ferguson library gets nationwide help after protests |url=http://www.allvoices.com/article/100002632 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202025658/http://allvoices.com/article/100002632 |archive-date=2 December 2014 |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=All Voices}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Laburaren ya sami sama da $ 350,000 a cikin gudummawa a cikin makonni bayan babban juriya na kada ya zargi jami'in 'yan sanda da ke da hannu a harbin mutuwar Michael Brown - kusan kashi 85% na kasafin kudin shekara-shekara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kellogg |first=Carolyn |date=December 9, 2014 |title=Ferguson library donations top $350,000 |url=http://www.latimes.com/books/jacketcopy/la-et-jc-ferguson-library-donations-top-350000-20141209-story.html |access-date=12 December 2014 |website=The Los Angeles Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gudanarwa ==
Laburaren yana da 'yanci kuma yana da harajin kansa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Henderson2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Henderson |first=Jane |title=Ferguson library stays open, attracts over $175,000 in grassroot support |url=http://www.stltoday.com/entertainment/books-and-literature/book-blog/ferguson-library-stays-open-attracts-over-in-grassroot-support/article_2ef8a4eb-fe0c-5390-87b7-bb471d6f06a3.html |access-date=9 December 2014 |website=STL Today |publisher=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129034710/http://www.stltoday.com/entertainment/books-and-literature/book-blog/ferguson-library-stays-open-attracts-over-in-grassroot-support/article_2ef8a4eb-fe0c-5390-87b7-bb471d6f06a3.html |archive-date=29 November 2014 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwamitin amintattu na ɗakin karatu ne ke jagoranta wanda ya kunshi masu sa kai da magajin garin Ferguson ya nada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Library Board of Trustees |url=http://www.ferguson.lib.mo.us/about/trustee.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141128003456/http://www.ferguson.lib.mo.us/about/trustee.htm |archive-date=28 November 2014 |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=Ferguson Municipal Public Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin 2014, darektan, Scott Bonner, shine kawai ma'aikacin cikakken lokaci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 November 2014 |title=Ferguson library gets online support |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-30220777 |access-date=4 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Christopher Cabaldon</title>
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'''Christoher L. Cabaldon''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba, 1965) memba ne na Majalisar Dattijan Jihar California na gundumar 3 (Solano, Yolo, Napa, Sonoma, Contra Costa, da yankunan Sacramento), yana aiki tun 2024. Shi ne Sanata na farko na Filipino-Amurka a tarihin California . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Asian Journal |url=https://asianjournal.com/usa/california/caloza-cabaldon-break-new-ground-as-filipino-americans-in-california-legislature/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya taba aiki a matsayin magajin gari na West Sacramento daga 1998 zuwa 2020, inda ya kasance magajin gari mafi tsawo a tarihin birnin. Shi memba ne na Jam'iyyar Democrat .

Tsohon Hanyar Jihar California ta 275 an sake masa suna Cabaldon Parkway a cikin 2022. Asalin US Highway 40, Cabaldon Parkway shine fadada yammacin Capitol Mall a fadin Tower Bridge, wanda ke haɗa West Sacramento da tsakiyar Sacramento zuwa US 50.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=State Route 275 |url=https://www.gribblenation.org/2021/01/us-route-50-in-west-sacramento-and.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Shiga a matsayin dalibi mai kafa a Cibiyar Nazarin Enriched, makarantar farko ta magnet a Los Angeles da kuma tsakiya na shirin hadin kai na son rai na gundumar da aka kafa biyo bayan binciken kotu na wariyar launin fata, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 December 2007 |title=A lesson in diversity - Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-dec-13-me-magnet13-story.html |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=LACES History – About Us – Los Angeles Center For Enriched Studies |url=https://www.lacesmagnetschool.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=664259&amp;type=d&amp;pREC_ID=1381869 |access-date=2020-02-24 |website=www.lacesmagnetschool.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Christopher Cabaldon ya fara shiga siyasa a matsayin daliyi na bakwai, yana magana a tarurruka da kuma tambayoyin kafofin watsa labarai kan batun rarrabewa. Ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai a makarantar.

Cabaldon ya sami BS a fannin tattalin arzikin muhalli a Jami'ar California, Berkeley, inda ya kasance mataimakin shugaban ɗalibai. Ya sami digiri na biyu a cikin Manufofin Jama'a da Gudanarwa a Jami'ar Jihar California, Sacramento a cikin aji na kafa, inda daga baya ya koyar a matsayin mataimakin memba, ya sami lambar yabo ta &quot;Distinguished Service Award&quot; kuma daga baya aka nada shi a matsayin memba na ma'aikata na yau da kullun ga ɗayan kujerun farko na jami'ar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Distinguished Alumni Awards {{!}} Sacramento State |url=https://www.csus.edu/experience/alumni-association/programs/distinguished-alumni-awards.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211015222128/https://www.csus.edu/experience/alumni-association/programs/distinguished-alumni-awards.html |archive-date=2021-10-15 |access-date=2020-02-24 |website=www.csus.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Majalisar Dattijai ta California ==
An rantsar da Cabaldon a matsayin Sanata na [[California's 3rd State Senate District|Gundumar Majalisar Dattijai ta Jihar California ta 3]], wanda ke wakiltar birane 22 da yankunan Solano, Yolo, Napa, Sonoma, Contra Costa, da Sacramento, a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Christopher Cabaldon Sworn In as State Senator for District 03 |url=https://contracosta.news/2024/12/03/christopher-cabaldon-sworn-in-as-state-senator-for-district-03/ |website=Contra Costa News}}&lt;/ref&gt; A karkashin iyakokin wa'adin California, zai iya aiki har zuwa 2036.

Nan da nan aka nada shi a matsayin shugaban kwamitin kasafin kudin majalisar dattijai wanda ke da alhakin ayyukan gwamnati da aiki, gidaje da rashin gida, kariya ga masu amfani, inshora, fasaha da kirkire-kirkire, ci gaban tattalin arziki, tanadin gida, tsofaffi da sashen soja, da sauran manyan hukumomin jihar. An kuma nada shi a kwamitocin Majalisar Dattijai kan Ilimi, Gidaje, Karamar Hukumar, da Kudin Kudi, da kuma kwamitin da aka zaba kan masana'antar ruwan inabi ta California. Daga baya ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar 'yan majalisa da ke wakiltar makarantun Jami'ar California.

A watan Yulin 2024, an zabi Cabaldon a matsayin &quot;Mafi Kyawun Shirye-shiryen&quot; a cikin kuri'un dubban masu shiga Capitol ta Capitol Weekly, ƙungiyar kafofin watsa labarai.

A ƙarshen shekara ta farko, an nada Cabaldon a matsayin shugaban sabon Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai kan Sirri, Fasahar Dijital &amp; Kariya ta Abokin Ciniki, mataimakin shugaban Kwamitin Binciken Shari'a na hadin gwiwa, kuma shugaban jami'in Majalisar Dattijan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Senate Leader Limón Announces Leadership and Committee Membership Appointments |url=https://sd21.senate.ca.gov/news/2025/december/senate-leader-limon-announces-leadership-and-committee-membership-appointments |access-date=24 Dec 2025 |website=Senate President Limon |publisher=California State Senate}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan ilimi ==
Cabaldon ya fara aiki a gwamnati a matsayin Babban Mai ba da shawara da Darakta na Ma'aikata yana da shekaru 24 ga Kwamitin Ilimi na Jihar California sannan kuma Shugaban Ma'aikata ga Shugaban Kwamitin Kudade. Ya fara aikinsa na sana'a a matsayin Darakta na Majalisar Dokoki na Ƙungiyar Dalibai ta Jami'ar California, kafin ya yi aiki don shugabannin kwamitin ilimi mafi girma na majalisa Tom Hayden (na Chicago Bakwai) da Marguerite Archie-Hudson (wanda ya gaji [[Maxine Waters]] a Majalisar kuma daga baya ya zama shugaban Kwalejin Talladega).

Daga 1997 zuwa 2003, Cabaldon ya kasance mataimakin shugaban majalisa na California Community Colleges System, tare da alhakin zartarwa don manufofi, tsarawa, dabarun, bincike, tsarin bayanai da bayanai, alaƙar gwamnati, harkokin jama'a, da sauran shirye-shirye don tsarin kwalejoji 110. Daga nan sai ya zama babban jami'in zartarwa na EdVoice, kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta ilimi mai zaman kanta wacce Reed Hastings ya kafa kuma ya jagoranci. Daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Linked Learning Alliance, jami'in shirin na Asusun Manufofin Ilimi na California, kuma co-direkta na Cibiyar Ilimi ta Ma'aikatan Shari'a ta California . [1]

Gwamnan California [[Jerry Brown]] ya nada Cabaldon a matsayin wakilin jihar a Hukumar Yammacin Interstate kan Ilimi Mafi Girma, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2014-01-30 |title=Foothill-De Anza Chancellor appointed to higher education consortium |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2014/01/30/foothill-de-anza-chancellor-appointed-to-higher-education-consortium/ |access-date=2020-02-24 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da tabbatar da Majalisar Dattijai, a cikin 2011 kuma a cikin 2014 da 2018. Cabaldon shine shugaban kwamitin manufofi da bincike na hukumar. A cikin 2019, ya sauƙaƙa sake dubawa na Babban Shirin California don Ilimi Mafi Girma ga Gwamna.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 August 2019 |title=Master Plan Report |url=https://opr.ca.gov/docs/20190808-Master_Plan_Report.pdf |access-date=20 June 2023 |website=opr.ca.gov |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121043136/http://opr.ca.gov/docs/20190808-Master_Plan_Report.pdf |archive-date=21 January 2022 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2019, an nada Cabaldon a cikin ma'aikatar Jami'ar Jihar California, Sacramento a matsayin Hazel Cramer Endowed Chair da Farfesa na Manufofin Jama'a da Gudanarwa.  Cabaldon ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Amurkawa na Asiya Pacific a Ilimi mafi girma (APAHE), kuma a matsayin darektan kungiyar Cal Alumni Association, Gidauniyar Kwalejin Al'umma ta California, Jami'ar California, Davis School of Education da EdSource . 

A cikin 2015, Shugaba Obama ya nada Cabaldon a cikin Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Kasa, wanda [[Jill Biden]] ke jagoranta, don Alkawarin Kwalejin Amurka.

== Manazarta ==
Cibiyar sadarwa ta Logo ta nuna Cabaldon a cikin wani labari na 2006 na jerin Coming Out Stories,   lokacin da ya fito a fili a cikin adireshin shekara-shekara na Jihar City.

Wani labari mai zurfi na Comstock's Magazine, &quot;Behind Closed Doors,&quot; ya ba da labarin mutuwar mahaifiyar Cabaldon lokacin da yake ƙarami da kuma ci gaba da aiwatar da jimrewa, jimrewa da neman ma'ana da manufa bayan asarar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Young |first=Allen |date=November 7, 2017 |title=Behind Closed Doors |url=https://www.comstocksmag.com/longreads/behind-closed-doors |access-date=March 27, 2024 |website=Comstock's magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Loch Mhic 'Tsibiran Riabhaich</title>
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'''Loch Mhic 'ille Riabhaich''' wani ƙaramin wuri ne [[Ruwan Daɗi|mai ruwa]] mai laushi wanda ba shi da tsari wanda ke kudu maso gabashin Loch a' Bhaid-luachraich kuma yana nan kai tsaye kudu da Aultbea a Wester Ross.&lt;ref name=&quot;britlakes&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Loch Mhicille Riabhaich |url=https://uklakes.ceh.ac.uk/detail.html?wbid=13709 |access-date=29 March 2025 |website=Centre for Ecology and Hydrology |publisher=Scotland and Northern Ireland Forum for Environmental Research (SNIFFER)}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Siffofi ==
Loch Mhic'Ille Riabhaic yana da ƙananan tsibiran guda biyu. Tsibirin arewa maso gabas tsohon Crannog ne wanda aka gina tsakanin 550 BC zuwa 560 AD a zamanin ƙarfe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=MHG7768 - Crannog, Loch Mhic'Ille Riabhaich |url=https://her.highland.gov.uk/Monument/MHG7768 |access-date=28 March 2025 |website=Highland Historic Environment Record |publisher=The Highland Council}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shahararren jarumin nan Mac Gille Riabhaich zai nemi mafaka a can a lokutan yaƙi.  Kusa da arewacin ƙarshen loch akwai ƙaramin kogo da aka sani da ''Uamh Mhic 'ille Rhiabhaich'' (Kogon Mac Gille Riabhaich).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mhic 'ille Rhiabhaich (Uamh) |url=https://registry.gsg.org.uk/sr/sitedetails.php?id=733 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250329162838/https://registry.gsg.org.uk/sr/sitedetails.php?id=733 |archive-date=29 March 2025 |access-date=29 March 2025 |website=Scottish Cave and Mine Database |publisher=Grampian Speleological Group}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yanayin ƙasa ==
Loch Mhic' Ille Riabhaich yana kewaye da filayen peat masu ƙarancin girma waɗanda ke cike da ƙananan tsaunuka masu zagaye da lochans da lochs. Loch Mhic' Ille Riabhaich ya ratsa cikin Loch a' Bhaid-luachraich tare da rafin Uidh Mhic 'Ille Riabhaich wanda hakanan ya matse zuwa [[Loch Ewe]]. Kai tsaye arewa shine [[Loch Fada (Wester Ross)|Loch Fada]], kai tsaye kudu maso gabas shine Fionn Loch. A kudu shine Loch Kernsary. A yamma shine Loch a' Bhaid-luachraich.

== Hotuna ==
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Loch_Mhic'ille_Riabhaich_-_geograph.org.uk_-_52219.jpg|alt=Loch Mhic'ille Riabhaich. Looking South-East across the loch. This one drains into Loch a' Bhaid-luachraich.| Loch Mhic'ille Riabhaich. Kallon Kudu-maso-gabas a fadin loch. Wannan yana shiga cikin Loch a' Bhaid-luachraich.
File:Small_islet_on_Loch_Mhic'ille_Riabhaich_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1144473.jpg|alt=Small islet on Loch Mhic'ille Riabhaich One of the islands on the loch is supposed to be a crannog. Supposedly a refuge of Mac Gille Riabaich a notorious freebooter and renowned warrior.| Ƙaramin tsibiri a Loch Mhic'ille Riabhaich. Ɗaya daga cikin tsibiran da ke kan titin ana tsammanin su zama wani yanki mai ban tsoro. Ana tsammanin mafakar Mac Gille Riabaich, wani sanannen matukin jirgi mai saukar ungulu kuma fitaccen jarumi.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Loch Mhic 'ille Riabhaich''' wani ƙaramin wuri ne [[Ruwan Daɗi|mai ruwa]] mai laushi wanda ba shi da tsari wanda ke kudu maso gabashin Loch a' Bhaid-luachraich kuma yana nan kai tsaye kudu da Aultbea a Wester Ross.&lt;ref name=&quot;britlakes&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Loch Mhicille Riabhaich |url=https://uklakes.ceh.ac.uk/detail.html?wbid=13709 |access-date=29 March 2025 |website=Centre for Ecology and Hydrology |publisher=Scotland and Northern Ireland Forum for Environmental Research (SNIFFER)}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Siffofi ==
Loch Mhic'Ille Riabhaic yana da ƙananan tsibiran guda biyu. Tsibirin arewa maso gabas tsohon Crannog ne wanda aka gina tsakanin 550 BC zuwa 560 AD a zamanin ƙarfe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=MHG7768 - Crannog, Loch Mhic'Ille Riabhaich |url=https://her.highland.gov.uk/Monument/MHG7768 |access-date=28 March 2025 |website=Highland Historic Environment Record |publisher=The Highland Council}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shahararren jarumin nan Mac Gille Riabhaich zai nemi mafaka a can a lokutan yaƙi.  Kusa da arewacin ƙarshen loch akwai ƙaramin kogo da aka sani da ''Uamh Mhic 'ille Rhiabhaich'' (Kogon Mac Gille Riabhaich).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mhic 'ille Rhiabhaich (Uamh) |url=https://registry.gsg.org.uk/sr/sitedetails.php?id=733 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250329162838/https://registry.gsg.org.uk/sr/sitedetails.php?id=733 |archive-date=29 March 2025 |access-date=29 March 2025 |website=Scottish Cave and Mine Database |publisher=Grampian Speleological Group}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Yanayin ƙasa ==
Loch Mhic' Ille Riabhaich yana kewaye da filayen peat masu ƙarancin girma waɗanda ke cike da ƙananan tsaunuka masu zagaye da lochans da lochs. Loch Mhic' Ille Riabhaich ya ratsa cikin Loch a' Bhaid-luachraich tare da rafin Uidh Mhic 'Ille Riabhaich wanda hakanan ya matse zuwa [[Loch Ewe]]. Kai tsaye arewa shine Loch Fada, kai tsaye kudu maso gabas shine Fionn Loch. A kudu shine Loch Kernsary. A yamma shine Loch a' Bhaid-luachraich.

== Hotuna ==
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Loch_Mhic'ille_Riabhaich_-_geograph.org.uk_-_52219.jpg|alt=Loch Mhic'ille Riabhaich. Looking South-East across the loch. This one drains into Loch a' Bhaid-luachraich.| Loch Mhic'ille Riabhaich. Kallon Kudu-maso-gabas a fadin loch. Wannan yana shiga cikin Loch a' Bhaid-luachraich.
File:Small_islet_on_Loch_Mhic'ille_Riabhaich_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1144473.jpg|alt=Small islet on Loch Mhic'ille Riabhaich One of the islands on the loch is supposed to be a crannog. Supposedly a refuge of Mac Gille Riabaich a notorious freebooter and renowned warrior.| Ƙaramin tsibiri a Loch Mhic'ille Riabhaich. Ɗaya daga cikin tsibiran da ke kan titin ana tsammanin su zama wani yanki mai ban tsoro. Ana tsammanin mafakar Mac Gille Riabaich, wani sanannen matukin jirgi mai saukar ungulu kuma fitaccen jarumi.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Crusader (jirgi mai sauri)</title>
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'''''Crusader''''' jirgin ruwa ne mai gudu da ke amfani da jiragen sama wanda John Cobb ke tukawa.
Reid Railton, mai ba da shawara kan Cobb shawara ne ya gabatar da haɗakar siffar harsashi mai karko a sararin samaniya da kuma turbojet propulsion. An gwada samfurin sikelin da aka yi amfani da roka a Haslar. An yi cikakken ƙirar ginin ne ta hannun [[Peter Du Cane (mai tsara jirgin ruwa)|Peter du Cane]], kuma Vospers na Portsmouth ne suka gina shi. Taimakon fasaha ya fito ne daga Saunders-Roe da Vickers-Supermarine . An sayar da shi a kan £15,000 a shekarar 1949.

Launin azurfa ne da jajayen fata kuma tsawonsa ya kai mita 10. Injin din wani turbojet ne na Havilland Ghost Mk 48 mai tsawon inci 100 wanda Ma'aikatar Samar da Kayayyaki ta bayar a matsayin aro bisa bukatar Manjo Frank Halford, mai tsara injin. An kimanta injin ɗin a kan 5,000&amp;nbsp;Ana tura lb ta hanyar amfani da cokali biyu a gaban kokfit ɗin. 

Kwandon ya kasance na siffar trimaran, babban kwanson yana da matakin shimfidawa, da kuma ƙananan injinan juyawa guda biyu da aka ɗora a baya. An yi ginin ne da firam ɗin plywood na birch da kuma sandunan ƙarfe. An yi fatar jikin jirgin da fenti mai siffar birch da aka lulluɓe da yadi mai kauri da ƙarfe mai ƙarfafa fatar don shimfida saman jirgin. An yi amfani da aluminum mai rivet irin na jiragen sama don cantilevers na sashin akwati zuwa ga masu fitar da kaya .  

An yi tsammanin cewa jirgin ruwan zai iya kaiwa sama da 200&amp;nbsp;mil 120 a kowace awa (320 a kowace awa)&amp;nbsp;km/h). 

An lalata jirgin ruwan kuma Cobb ya mutu a ranar 29 ga Satumba, 1952 lokacin da ya yi yunkurin yin hatsari a [[Loch Ness]], Scotland.

Shekaru hamsin bayan haka a ranar 5 ga Yulin 2002, Loch Ness Project ta gano tarkacen ''Crusader'' a cikin {{Convert|200|m}} na ruwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=2009 |title=John Cobb's Crusader Found by The Loch Ness Project |url=http://www.lochnessproject.org/loch_ness_reflections_news_links/cobb_crusader_found.htm |access-date=9 March 2012 |website=lochnessproject.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111027142508/http://www.lochnessproject.org/loch_ness_reflections_news_links/cobb_crusader_found.htm |archive-date=27 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; An sanya wurin a matsayin wurin tarihi da aka tsara a shekarar 2005. 

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Drumnadrochit</title>
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'''Drumnadrochit''' ƙauye ne a yankin majalisar gwamnatin ƙaramar hukumar [[Highland (yanki na majalisa)|Highland]] ta [[Scotland]], yana kusa da gabar yamma ta [[Loch Ness]] a gindin [[Glen Urquhart]] .  Ƙauyen yana kusa da ƙauyukan [[Milton da Glenurquhart|Milton]] a yamma, Kilmore a gabas da Lewiston a kudu. Kauyukan suna aiki a matsayin cibiyar yawon bude ido ta yanki kusa da Loch Ness da kuma cibiyar tattalin arziki ta yankin ga al'ummomin da ke kusa.

== Yanayin ƙasa ==
Ƙauyen yana cikin Glen Urquhart a kan [[hanyar A82]] zuwa Inverness, kusa da mahaɗin A831 da kuma kusa da kogin Enrick. Kogin Enrick yana tafiya tsawon Glen Urquhart, yana haɗuwa da kogin Coltie sannan ya kwarara zuwa Loch Ness (gefen gabashin Drumnadrochit). Wurin da ke kusa da wurin shakatawa na tuddai da yawon bude ido ana kiransa Craigmonie. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Craigmonie Centre &amp;#124; Natural History |url=http://www.craigmoniecentre.co.uk/index.asp?pageid=4530 |website=www.craigmoniecentre.co.uk |access-date=2026-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326012653/http://www.craigmoniecentre.co.uk/index.asp?pageid=4530 |archive-date=2012-03-26 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Glen Urquhart da kanta tana haɗe da Loch Ness da kuma babban yankin ƙasa da aka sani da [[Babban Glen|Great Glen]] .

== Tarihi ==
An gina matsugunin ne a kusa da gadar da ke kan Kogin Enrick, kuma sunan Drumnadrochit ya samo asali ne daga garin Scotland mai suna Gaelic {{Lang|gd|Druim na Drochaid}}, &quot;tudun gadar&quot;. An kammala gadar dutse ta farko tsakanin 1808 da 1811 a matsayin wani ɓangare na ayyukan da Thomas Telford ya jagoranta.  Ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata gadar sosai a shekarar 1818. &lt;ref name=&quot;HESBridge&quot; /&gt; Daga baya aka faɗaɗa shi a shekarar 1933 don ya dace da hanyar A82 da aka faɗaɗa. &lt;ref name=&quot;HESBridge&quot; /&gt;

A tarihi, ƙauyen yana cikin gundumar gwamnatin Inverness (har zuwa 1975) da kuma gundumar Inverness ta [[Highland (yanki na majalisa)|yankin karamar hukumar Highland]] (daga 1975 zuwa 1996).

Otal ɗin Drumnadrochit otal ne mai hawa uku da aka jera a cikin Rukunin B wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1882.  [[Walt Disney]] ya zauna a Otal ɗin Drumnadrochit a farkon watan Yulin 1949, lokacin da ya ziyarci Highlands tare da iyalinsa, bayan ya ziyarci Edinburgh da Norton Disney a Lincolnshire.  

Tsohon ginin Bankin Caledonian shi ma wani fitaccen gini ne a ƙauyen kuma an gina shi a shekarar 1895, kodayake ba banki ba ne yanzu. 

An kafa wurin tunawa da yaƙin Glen Urquhart bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]], kuma yana cikin siffar ginshiƙi, tare da ƙaramin lambu mai shinge na bikin. 

A shekara ta 2006, zauren ƙauyen, wanda Bradley Martin na Balmacaan House ya fara ba da kuɗi, ya yi bikin cika shekaru 100 da kafuwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Glen Urquhart Public Hall |title=Village Hall |url=http://www.glenurquhart.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gidajen Balmacaan ===
Yawancin Glenurquhart a tarihi wani ɓangare ne na Balmacaan Estate (wanda kuma aka sani da Glen Urquhart Estate), mallakar dangin Grant na Seafield tsakanin 1509 da 1946. An yi hayar kadarorin ga attajirin ɗan masana'antar Amurka kuma mai taimakon jama'a na gida Bradley Martin a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 da farkon ƙarni na 20 kuma sun bunƙasa a shekarun 1880 da 1890, amma sun koma baya bayan shekarun 1920. Daga nan sai aka sauya hannun jarin har aka fara tada maganar a majalisar dokoki. &lt;ref name=&quot;Hansard&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Balmacaan Estate (Hansard, 26 October 1943) |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1943/oct/26/balmacaan-estate |website=parliament.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; An sare mafi kyawun itacen daji a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] kuma an rushe kadarorin a shekarar 1946. An yi watsi da Gidan Balmacaan, kusa da Drumnadrochit, jim kaɗan bayan haka.  A shekarar 1946, an raba gonar Bunloit da Balmacaan Estate kuma an kafa Bunloit Estate a kusa da ƙaramin matsuguni na Balbeg, wanda ke gefen arewa maso yamma na Loch Ness, kimanin mil 4 kudu da Drumnadrochit. &lt;ref name=&quot;appendix&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Local History: Drumnadrochit, Scotland—The Appendix |url=http://theappendix.net/issues/2013/4/local-history-drumnadrochit-scotland |website=theappendix.net}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;woodlandtrust&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Trust |first=Woodland |title=Balmacaan - Visiting Woods |url=https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/visiting-woods/woods/balmacaan/ |website=Woodland Trust}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;ambaile&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=On Balmacaan Estate |url=https://www.ambaile.org.uk/asset/21546/ |website=Am Baile}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Scottishfield&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 June 2019 |title=Loch Ness and mountains from a Highland estate |url=https://www.scottishfield.co.uk/homes-gardens/property-2/loch-ness-and-mountain-views-from-a-highland-estate/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212182736/https://www.scottishfield.co.uk/homes-gardens/property-2/loch-ness-and-mountain-views-from-a-highland-estate/ |archive-date=12 December 2021 |access-date=12 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Bunloitestate&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bunloit estate |url=http://johnclegg.s3.amazonaws.com/bunloit-estate_360060312.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018014800/http://johnclegg.s3.amazonaws.com/bunloit-estate_360060312.pdf |archive-date=2019-10-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Har yanzu akwai ƙaramin fili na filin gidan, galibi arewacin Balbeg wanda ke arewacin Balnain . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Property Page: Balmacaan Estate |url=http://www.whoownsscotland.org.uk/property.php?p=1620 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212182724/http://www.whoownsscotland.org.uk/property.php?p=1620 |archive-date=12 December 2021 |access-date=12 December 2021 |website=www.whoownsscotland.org.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ana samunsa galibi a bainar jama'a kuma galibi ana amfani da shi don kiwon shanu a lokacin rani.

== Ilimi ==
Makarantar Sakandare ta Glen Urquhart da ke yankin ce ke kula da Drumnadrochit, wadda ita ma gida ce ga ɗakin karatu na al'umma. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Redmond J |title=Glen Urquhart High School |url=http://www.glenurquharthigh.highland.sch.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901215853/http://www.glenurquharthigh.highland.sch.uk/ |archive-date=2013-09-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Al'adu da al'umma ==
Shagunan ƙauyen sun haɗa da kantin magani, ofishin gidan waya da babban kanti. Akwai kuma gidajen cin abinci da cafes da yawa. Akwai likitan tiyata a ƙarƙashin NHS Scotland da kuma ƙungiyar masu ba da agajin gaggawa na al'umma waɗanda ke kula da dare da ƙarshen mako a cikin gaggawa mai tsanani.

Cibiyar Loch Ness cibiya ce ta bayanai game da sufuri da baƙi mallakar al'umma. &lt;ref name=&quot;Hub&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home page |url=https://lochnesshub.com/ |access-date=2021-05-26 |publisher=Loch Ness Hub}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A tashar jiragen ruwa ta Urquhart Bay da ke Drumnadrochit akwai tashar jiragen ruwa na ceto ta RNLI a bakin teku. &lt;ref name=&quot;RNLI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Loch Ness Lifeboat Station |url=https://rnli.org/find-my-nearest/lifeboat-stations/loch-ness-lifeboat-station |access-date=2021-05-26 |publisher=RNLI}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kafa tashar jiragen ruwa na ceton rai a shekarar 2008 don magance matsalolin gaggawa na teku a Loch Ness. &lt;ref name=&quot;RNLI&quot; /&gt;

Balmacaan wani tsohon dazuzzuka ne, wanda Woodland Trust ke kula da shi, wanda ke kallon ƙauyen. &lt;ref name=&quot;Balmacaan&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Balmacaan |url=https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/visiting-woods/woods/balmacaan/ |access-date=2021-05-26 |publisher=Woodland Trust}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan dajin da ke da tsohon ɓangare na Gidan Balmacaan, wato gidan Earl of Grant, yanzu haka yana buɗe ga jama'a. &lt;ref name=&quot;Balmacaan&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Drumnadrochit_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1441662.jpg|right|thumb| Drumnadrochit daga wurin ajiye motoci, yana kallon arewa bayan ƙauyen kore zuwa gadar da ke kan Kogin Enrick.]]

== Sufuri ==
Motocin bas da yawa a rana suna ratsawa ta Drumnadrochit, musamman 17 daga tashar bas ta Inverness. Ba a cika samun motocin bas a waje da lokacin bazara ba, musamman a ranar Lahadi.

== Tattalin Arziki ==
Ƙauyen yana da farin jini ga masu yawon buɗe ido kuma akwai manyan otal-otal guda uku a (ko kusa da) ƙauyen, ƙananan otal-otal guda biyu (Otal ɗin Ben Leva da Fiddler's Rest) da kuma masaukin baƙi (Loch Ness Backpackers Lodge). Wuraren jan hankali sun haɗa da Gidan Tarihi na Urquhart da ke kusa, ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da aka fi ziyarta a yankin da Tarihi na Scotland ke kula da su, da kuma [http://www.nessieland.co.uk/ Nessieland], da kuma wani baje kolin &quot;Nessie&quot; mai taken &quot; Monster na Loch Ness &quot;, da Cibiyar Loch Ness da kuma Nunin ga waɗanda ke son fassarar da ta fi muhimmanci. Ƙauyen yana karɓar bakuncin Wasannin Dutsen Glenurquhart a ƙarshen watan Agusta kowace shekara. Wani taron hunturu, &quot;Drums and Rockets&quot;, shi ma ya faru a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Loch Ness Hogmanay Festival |title=Drums and Rockets |url=http://www.drumsandrockets.co.uk/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061215200252/http://www.drumsandrockets.co.uk/ |archive-date=2006-12-15}}&lt;/ref&gt; Al'ummar za ta gudanar da wasan wuta na Bonfire Night a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba.

Hanyoyi biyu masu nisa na tafiya suna wucewa ko kuma suna farawa daga ƙauyen. Babban Titin Glen daga Fort William zuwa Inverness; kuma Titin Affric-Kintail ya fara daga ƙauyen, yana ratsawa ta Glen Affric sannan ya ƙare a Morvich a bakin tekun yamma. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Affric Kintail Way (Walkhighlands) |url=http://www.walkhighlands.co.uk/lochness/affric-kintail-way.shtml |website=Walkhighlands}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Noma da gandun daji su ma manyan ma'aikata ne na gida. Drumnadrochit shine gidan kamfanin giya na Hanging Tree Brewery, wani kamfanin giya mai ƙananan giya da aka ƙaddamar a shekarar 2018. Drumnadrochit kuma gida ne ga Cobbs Cakes da ake yi da kuma rarrabawa a faɗin Birtaniya da Ireland. Cobbs kuma ita ce babbar ma'aikaci a ƙauyen, tana gudanar da Otal ɗin Drumnadrochit da Cibiyar Baƙi ta Clansman, kuma kwanan nan ta sayi alamar Loch Ness Beer bayan da kamfanin giya ya fara aiki a shekarar 2016.

== Wasanni ==
Ƙauyen gida ne ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Glenurquhart Shinty Club . Akwai kuma Bowls Club da Badminton.
[[File:GlenUrquhartShintyClubhouse.jpg|thumb| Glenurquhart Shinty Club House &amp; Kawaye]]

== A cikin al'adun jama'a ==
An fito da Drumnadrochit a cikin fim ɗin ''Scooby-Doo!'' ''da kuma Loch Ness Monster'' a matsayin gari mafi kusa da Blake Castle, gidan kakannin Daphne Blake 'yan Scotland. Lokacin da manyan jaruman suka fara shiga garin, Fred Jones yana da matsala wajen furta sunan garin yayin da Scooby-Doo ke furta shi da kyau.

A cikin littafin Lawrence Block mai suna The Burglar in the Library, akwai wani labari mai ban mamaki wanda Bernie ke jin daɗinsa mai suna Glen Drumnadrochit.

A cikin waƙar The Family Ness mai taken, You'll Never Find A Nessie In The Zoo, waƙar ta ce &quot;Za ku iya zuwa Auchtermuchty da kuma Drumnadrochit ma, amma ba za ku taɓa samun Nessie a cikin gidan namun daji ba&quot;.

== Manazarta ==

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'''Swami Dayananda Saraswati''' (15 ga Agusta 1930 - 23 ga Satumba 2015) ya kasance ɗan zuhudu na tsarin Hindu Saraswati na sannyasa. An kuma san shi da Pujya Swamiji kuma malamin gargajiya ne na Advaita Vedanta. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Arsha Vidya Gurukulams a Pennsylvania, Amurka; Rishikesh, Uttarakhand da Coimbatore Tamil Nadu, Indiya. Shi ne kuma babban malamin addinin addinin Firayim Minista Narendra Modi. An ba shi kyautar Padma Bhushan, ( lambar yabo ta uku mafi girma ta farar hula a [[Indiya|Jamhuriyar Indiya]]), saboda hidimar da ya yi wa al'umma a fannin ruhaniya a shekarar 2016. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 January 2016 |title=PM Narendra Modi's Spiritual Guru Dayanand Saraswati Gets Padma Bhushan |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/pm-narendra-modis-spiritual-guru-dayanand-saraswati-gets-padma-bhushan-1270014 |access-date=17 August 2023 |publisher=[[NDTV]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihin Rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwar farko ===
An haifi Swami Dayananda Saraswati a matsayin Natarajan a Manjakkudi a gundumar Thiruvarur ta Tamil Nadu a ranar 15 ga Agusta 1930 ga Shri Gopala Iyer da Smt Valambal, daga dangin Brahmin . Shi ne ɗan fari cikin 'ya'ya maza huɗu. Makarantarsa ta farko tana makarantar Gundumar da ke Kodavasal. Mahaifinsa ya mutu yana da shekaru takwas, wanda hakan ke nufin cewa dole ne Natarajan ya ɗauki nauyin iyalinsa tare da iliminsa.

Bayan kammala karatunsa yana da shekaru goma sha bakwai, Natarajan ya zo Chennai don neman abin rayuwa. A can ya koyi Turanci kuma ya fara aikinsa a matsayin ɗan jarida a mujallar mako-mako ''ta Dharmika Hindu'', wacce TK Jagannathacharya (TKJ) ke gudanarwa. Duk da haka, saboda rashin kuɗin shiga da kuma umarnin wani abokinsa, Rangachari, Natarajan ya yi rajista a rundunar sojin sama a matsayin mayaƙi a [[Bengaluru|Bangalore]] tare da GTS (Tashar Horar da Ƙasa). Ba shi da nauyi sosai kuma bai iya cancanta ba amma an bar shi ya ci gaba. Daga baya ya bayyana cewa yana da burin zama matukin jirgi. Ayyukan iyali, wato shraddham na mahaifinsa (wani biki da aka yi don girmama wani kakansa da ya mutu), ya sa ya bar rundunar sojin sama. Fiye da komai, bai son taurin kai ba. &quot;Babu 'yanci, na ji suna ƙoƙarin sarrafa hankalina. Ban taɓa barin wani ya taɓa iko da ni a kowane lokaci ba, babu kowa. Shi ya sa nake ganin ni Swami ne.&quot; 

Natarajan ya ci gaba da aikinsa na ɗan jarida tare da mujallar 'Dharmika Hindu' kafin ya shiga wata kamfanin labarai, 'The Lens' wanda Shri Rajagopal ke jagoranta.  Ya kuma yi aiki a tsohon Volkart Brothers (wanda yanzu ake kira Voltas Limited). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 September 2015 |title=Hinduism saw renaissance in Swami Dayananda Saraswati's times |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150925/nation-current-affairs/article/hinduism-saw-renaissance-swami-dayananda-saraswatis-times}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da ba ya nan, ƙaninsa MGSrinivasan ya ɗauki nauyin gonakin gidan kuma ya tabbatar da cewa iyalin suna da kuɗin shiga da za su rayu. 

=== Shiga cikin Ofishin Jakadancin Chinmaya ===
Natarajan yana sha'awar Vedanta . Bayan sauraron jawaban jama'a na Swami Chinmayananda a shekarar 1952, Natarajan ya shiga cikin Ofishin Jakadancin Chinmaya a mukamai daban-daban kuma an nada shi sakataren Ofishin Jakadancin a cikin shekarar farko da aka kafa shi. Ya halarci azuzuwan Sanskrit na PS Subramania Iyer, Farfesa mai ritaya na Turanci. Iyer ne ya gabatar da mizanin rera baitocin Bhagavad Gita wanda da farko cibiyoyin mishan na Chinmaya suka biyo baya, kuma har zuwa yau duk cibiyoyin Arsha Vidya da sauran cibiyoyi suna biye da su. 

Swami Chinmayananda ya ɗora wa Natarajan alhakin kafa reshen Madurai na Ofishin Jakadancin Chinmaya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Swami Dayanand Saraswati |url=https://www.hinduscriptures.in/gurus/modern-thinkers/swami-dayanand-saraswati |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=www.hinduscriptures.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 1955, Natarajan ya raka Swami Chinmayananda zuwa Uttarakashi kuma ya taimaka masa wajen shirya rubutun Gita don bugawa. A Uttarakashi, ya haɗu da Babban Malamin Swami Chinmayananda, Tapovan Maharaj, wanda ya ba shi shawara, 'Kana da wani nauyi a kanka wanda shi ma yana da muhimmanci. Ka zauna a nan, ka yi bimbini ka yi karatu.' Natarajan ba zai iya karɓar wannan tayin ba a wannan lokacin. Duk da haka, ya yi wa Swami Tapovan Maharaj alƙawarin zai dawo bayan shekara guda don yin karatu tare da shi kuma ya yi. Natarajan ya koma Madras ya kuma ɗauki aikin editan ''Tyagi'', mujallar Chinmaya Mission da ke fitowa a duk mako. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dayananda Saraswati - Bhagavatha |url=https://nama.co.in/keerthana/bhagavatha_detail.php?bhaid=MjMx |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=nama.co.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 1956, bisa shawarar Swami Chinmayananda, Natarajan ya koma [[Bengaluru]] ya ci gaba da gyara ''Tyagi'' wanda shi ma aka mayar da shi Bengaluru. A lokacin zamansa, Natarajan ya shiga Kwalejin Sanskrit da ke Chamrajpet kuma ya yi karatu tare da Farfesa Veeraraghavachariar. 

=== Sannyasa ===
A shekarar 1961, da izinin Swami Chinmayananda, Natarajan ya tafi karatu a ƙarƙashin Swami Pranavananda a Gudivada don bayyana shakkunsa game da Vedanta da kuma yin bincike kan kansa. Zaman da Natarajan ya yi tare da Swami Pranavananda ya taimaka wa Natarajan ya fahimci cewa Vedanta Pramāna ce (hanyar ilimi) don sanin gaskiyar Kai. A cikin kalmomin Natarajan, 

Wannan sauyi a hangen nesansa game da Vedanta ya motsa Natarajan ya yi nazarin Shastra tare da sharhin Sankara. A cikin 1962, Swami Chinmayananda ya ba shi Sannyasa kuma ya sa masa suna Swami Dayananda Saraswati. A shekarar 1963, ya tafi Mumbai, inda aka kaddamar da Sandeepany Sadhanalaya na Ofishin Jakadancin Chinmaya, inda ya dauki nauyin gyara mujallar aikin ''Tapovan Prasad'' . Bugu da ƙari, Swami Dayananda ya koyar da waƙoƙin Bhagavad Gita da Upanishads ga ɗaliban Sandeepany. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Swami Dayananda Saraswati |url=https://www.tititudorancea.com/z/swami_dayananda_saraswati.htm |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=www.tititudorancea.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1963, Swami Dayananda ya yi aikin hajji zuwa Rishikesh kuma ya zauna a cikin wani bukka a Purani Jhadi wanda yanzu ake kira Dayananda Nagar. Ya yi shekaru uku a can, yana karatun Brahma Sutras a ƙarƙashin Swami Tarananda Giri a Kailash Ashram. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Redirect |url=https://dolatiaschan.com/4/5737255 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323225937/https://dolatiaschan.com/4/5737255 |archive-date=2023-03-23 |access-date=2025-01-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Tattaunawar jama'a ===
A kusan shekarar 1967, saboda raguwar lafiyar Swami Chinmayananda, Ofishin Jakadancin ya tuntubi Swami Dayananda don gabatar da jawabai da laccoci ga jama'a. Tsakanin 1967 da 1970, Swami Dayananda ya yi tafiye-tafiye zuwa garuruwa da birane daban-daban a Indiya yana yaɗa koyarwar Gita da Upanishads. A shekarar 1971, Swami Dayananda ya amince ya gudanar da wani shiri na dogon lokaci a Sandeepany Sadhanalaya, Powai, Mumbai kuma ya tsara manhajar karatu wadda za ta bayyana hangen nesa na Vedanta.

Tsakanin 1972 da 1979, Swami Dayananda ya gudanar da darussa biyu na Vedanta na zama na tsawon shekaru uku a Mumbai. A cikin kalamansa, 

A shekarar 1979, Swami Dayananda ta kafa wani shirin karatu na tsawon shekaru uku a Sandeepany West da ke Piercy, California. A shekarar 1982, ya koma Indiya kuma ya ci gaba da yaɗa saƙon Upanishads ta hanyar jawabai da laccoci ga jama'a.

=== Kwanakin ƙarshe ===
Swami Dayananda Saraswati ya mutu a bakin kogin Ganga, tare da mabiyansa da ɗalibansa a yammacin ranar 23 ga Satumba, 2015. Ya shafe makonni yana rashin lafiya kuma yana shiga da fita daga asibiti na ɗan lokaci. Yana da shekaru 85. An yi ayyukan ibada na ƙarshe na Swamiji ta hanyar gargajiya kamar yadda ya dace da ƙin yarda da wani. An binne shi a cikin kabari, wanda aka sani da &quot;bhu&quot; samadhi, tare da rera waƙoƙin Vedic da mantras mai ƙarfi. Manyan mutane da yawa, shugabannin Hindu da ɗalibansa sun kasance a wurin don girmama su. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-09-26 |title=Last rites of Swami Dayanand performed in Rishikesh |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/dehradun/last-rites-of-swami-dayanand-performed-in-rishikesh/story-YmQrB8AvtQxr7alltf9F9N.html |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Cibiyoyin Arsha Vidya ==

=== Koyarwa ===
Swami Dayananda tare da taimakon manyan almajiransa ya koyar da shirye-shirye goma na shekaru uku (takwas a Indiya da biyu a Amurka) kuma ɗalibansa da yawa daga cikin waɗannan shirye-shiryen yanzu suna koyarwa a duk faɗin duniya. Sama da almajiransa na Sannyasi ɗari biyu suna koyar da tsarin nahawu na Vedanta da Panini. Suna kafa Arsha Vidya Sampradaya. &lt;ref name=&quot;Home {{!}} Arsha Vidya Sampradaya&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} Arsha Vidya Sampradaya |url=https://www.arshasampradaya.org/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=www.arshasampradaya.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416075159/https://www.arshasampradaya.org/ |archive-date=2021-04-16 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cibiyoyi ===
Swami Dayananda ya kafa cibiyoyin koyarwa na gargajiya guda huɗu da kuma wasu da yawa a faɗin duniya ta hanyar ɗalibansa, inda ya fi mai da hankali kan koyar da Vedanta, Sanskrit da sauran fannoni masu alaƙa. Waɗannan cibiyoyin koyarwa na gargajiya ana kiransu da ' Arsha Vidya ' ko 'Arsha Vijnana' (Ilimin Rishis). Yawancin ɗaliban Swami Dayananda sun yi amfani da kalmar 'Arsha' wajen sanya wa wuraren da suka fito suna don nuna asalinsu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Guiding Light – JJK Gurukulam |url=https://jjkgurukulam.org/guiding-light/ |access-date=2026-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260210234314/https://jjkgurukulam.org/guiding-light/ |archive-date=2026-02-10 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cibiyoyin koyarwa na Arsha Vidya guda huɗu waɗanda Swami Dayananda ta kafa sune:

* Arsha Vidya Peetham, Swami Dayananda Ashram, Rishikesh 249201, Uttarakhand, India &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |title=Swami Dayananda Ashram In Rishikesh UttarakhandTimings, Facts |url=https://www.chardhamtours.in/uttarakhand/rishikesh/swami-dayananda-ashram_1927.html |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=Char Dham Yatra |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Arsha Vidya Gurukulam, PO Box 1059, Saylorsburg, Pennsylvania 18353, Amurka &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-07-21 |title=Arsha Vidya Gurukulam - Info, Timings, Photos, History |url=https://www.templepurohit.com/hindu-temple/arsha-vidya-gurukulam/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=TemplePurohit - Your Spiritual Destination {{!}} Bhakti, Shraddha Aur Ashirwad |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Arsha Vidya Gurukulam, Anaikatti, Coimbatore – 641108, Tamil Nadu, India &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-02-11 |title=Arsh Vidya Gurukulam, Anaikatti becomes IYA Member Institution |url=https://www.yogaiya.in/arsh-vidya-gurukulam-anaikatti-becomes-iya-member-institution/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=Indian Yoga Association |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Arsha Vijnana Gurukulam, Amravati Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 410033, India

Waɗannan cibiyoyin zama suna gudanar da darussa na dogon lokaci, hutun mako 1-2, shirye-shiryen nazarin ƙarshen mako da kuma hutun iyali a duk shekara, kuma darussan da ake koyarwa sun haɗa da Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, Brahma Sutras da wasu rubuce-rubucen Vedanta da dama masu alaƙa. Binciken ya kuma haɗa da sharhin Sanskrit na Adi Sankara akan waɗannan rubuce-rubucen, wanda aka sani da Bhashya. Tare da waɗannan nazarin, ana koyar da harshen Sanskrit tare da tsarin nahawu na Panini. Gurukuls kuma suna gudanar da zaman tunani da satsangs na yau da kullun. Bugu da ƙari, ana koyar da yoga, kiɗan gargajiya na Indiya, ayurveda, jyotisha da sauran fannoni na ilimi.

Swami Dayananda ya kafa wata cibiya a wurin haihuwarsa, Manjakkudi, wani ƙauye a Tamil Nadu, a ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar Swami Dayananda Educational Trust (SDET). Tana kula da kwalejin fasaha, manyan makarantun sakandare guda biyu da kuma Veda Patasala ta gargajiya. Da kaddamar da bikin tunawa da Swami Dayananda, almajiran Swami Dayananda ne ke gudanar da shirye-shiryen nazarin zama. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GuideStar India |url=https://guidestarindia.org/Summary.aspx?CCReg=9951}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An tsara Jnanapravaha, wata cibiyar karatu ta Vedanta, don mika gadon koyarwar Swami Dayananda Saraswati a wurin haihuwarsa da ke Manjakuddi . A wannan wurin ne ɗaliban Vedanta ke gano kayan karatu da albarkatun da ake buƙata don ƙara iliminsu a Advaita Vedanta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-11-10 |title=About Jnanapravaha - JÑĀNAPRAVĀHA - Vedanta Study Centre |url=https://jnanapravaha.in/about-jnanapravaha/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cibiyoyin koyarwa da Swami Dayananda ya kafa suna gudanar da shirye-shirye ga jama'a don nazarin ilimin Vedanta . Akwai cibiyoyi sama da sittin a Indiya da kuma a duk faɗin duniya waɗanda ke ci gaba da bin al'adar koyarwar Vedantic a ƙarƙashin tutar &quot; Arsha Vidya &quot;.

=== Dalibai ===
Kafafen yaɗa labarai sun ambaci Narendra Modi, Firayim Ministan Indiya kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Rajinikanth a matsayin almajiran Swami Dayananda Saraswati. &lt;ref name=&quot;huffpost.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-09-25 |title=Swami Dayananda - A Jewish Appreciation |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/swami-dayananda-a-jewish-_b_8194504 |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=HuffPost |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fitattun almajiran sannyasi na Swami Dayananda sun haɗa da Swami Suddhananda Saraswati wanda ya gudanar da Swami Dayananda Ashram a Rishikesh. Saboda rashin lafiya, daga baya ya miƙa ragamar mulkin Ashram ga Swami Saksatkrtananda Saraswati, wanda ke aiki a matsayin shugaban a yanzu kuma babban acharya na ashram ɗin. Swami Viditatmananda Saraswati yana aiki a matsayin shugaba kuma babban acharya a Arsha Vidya Gurukulam a Saylorsburg, Pennsylvania. Swami Sadatmananda Saraswati yana aiki a matsayin shugaba kuma babban acharya a Arsha Vidya Gurukulam a Annaikatti, Coimbatore . Swamini Brahmaprakasananda shine shugaban Arsha Vijnana Gurukulam a [[Nagpur]].

Wasu daga cikin manyan almajiransa su ne Swami Paramarthananda, Swami Tattvavidananda, Swami Suddhabodhananda, Swami Brahmatmananda, Swami Tadatmananda, Swami Paramatmananda, Swami Nijananda, Swami Tadrupananda, Swamini Brahmalinananda, Swami Parinporyana da Swami Parinpooryana. Duk malamai daga al'adar Arsha Vidya suna ba da ilimin Advaita Vedanta a duk faɗin duniya ga masu neman ilimi kamar yadda Swami Dayananda Saraswati ya koyar. &lt;ref name=&quot;Home {{!}} Arsha Vidya Sampradaya&quot; /&gt;

Sauran ɗaliban sun haɗa da Anantanand Rambachan, farfesa a fannin addini a Kwalejin St. Olaf, Minnesota (Amurka), da kuma Vasudevacharya, wanda a da shi ne Dr. Michael Comans, tsohon mamba a Sashen Nazarin Indiya a Jami'ar Sydney. Radha (Carol Whitfield, Ph.D.) dalibin farko na Swami Dayananda ya taimaka wajen kafa Sandeepany West da Arsha Vidya Gurukulam a Saylorsburg Amurka, Arsha Kulam a California cibiyar koyar da Advaita Vedanta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Arsha Kulam |url=https://arshakulam.org/ |access-date=2023-12-02 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙungiyoyi masu alaƙa, ayyuka, da tattaunawa ==

=== Ƙungiyar Duk Indiya don Seva ===
Baya ga koyarwa, Swami Dayananda ya fara ayyukan agaji daban-daban. Ya kafa All India Movement for Seva (AIM for Seva) a shekarar 2000, da hangen nesa na sauya al'umma ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta hidima, don cike gibin da ke tsakanin birane da karkara, ta haka, ya ba wa kowane mutum damar bayar da gudummawa ga ci gaban ƙasar. An mayar da hankali kan ilimi mai tushen ƙima da kuma isa ga yaran karkarar Indiya ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta Chatralayams (Makarantun ɗalibai kyauta) da makarantu. Swamiji ya ba da shawarar kada a raba yaron da iyayensa a lokacin da yake makaranta, kuma da farko iyaye za su halarci makarantar har sai yaron ya ji daɗin zama a cikin muhallin da ba shi da gida.

A shekarar 2002, wani babban aiki da ya shaida ci gaba a shekarar 2023, Swami Dayanandaji ne ya fara shi. &quot;Swami Dayananda Krupa Home&quot; da ke Sriperumbudur a Tamil Nadu, tana ba da magani da tallafi ga maza da yara waɗanda ke da jinkirin ci gaba har abada. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2011-08-30 |title=AIM for Seva Krupa Home |url=https://enabled.in/wp/aim-for-seva-krupa-home/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=enabled.in |language=en-US}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba ta matsayin shawara tare da ECOSOC (Majalisar Tattalin Arziki da Zamantakewa) daga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a shekarar 2005, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NGO Committee Recommends Six Organizations for Special Consultative Status with Economic and Social Council, Defers Two Applications |url=https://unis.unvienna.org/unis/en/pressrels/2005/ngo569.html |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=United Nations : Information Service Vienna |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; wannan ƙungiya ta mai da hankali kan yi wa mutane hidima a yankunan karkara na Indiya, a fannonin ilimi da kiwon lafiya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 December 2022 |title=From Silicon Valley to India's remotest tribal areas, AIM for Seva's work has impacted thousands - indica News |url=https://indicanews.com/2022/12/03/from-silicon-valley-to-indias-remotest-tribal-areas-aim-for-sevas-work-has-impacted-thousands/}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Seva Begins in Your Heart and AIMS Brings Hope to a Rural Child {{!}} Indo American News |url=https://www.indoamerican-news.com/seva-begins-in-your-heart-and-aims-brings-hope-to-a-rural-child/ |access-date=2023-12-13}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |title=Unravelling the life of a visionary |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/bengaluru/unravelling-life-visionary-2311197 |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gyaran haikali, ayyuka da kuma ibada ===
Swami Dayananda ya ƙarfafa kiyaye tsoffin al'adu, ayyukan addini da na ruhaniya na Indiya waɗanda suka tsira daga shekaru aru-aru da dama amma suna fama a zamanin yau saboda rashin tallafi. Ya fara da Veda Patashalas (Cibiyoyin Koyo na Vedas) da dama don kiyaye Vedas da Agamas don hana su ɓacewa saboda rashin kayayyakin more rayuwa don ilmantarwa. 

Swami Dayananda ya naɗa masu oduvar guda 35 a tsoffin gidajen ibada na Siva kuma ya ba su izinin rera waƙar &quot;Panniru Tirumurai&quot;, waƙoƙin da ke bayyana falsafar Saiva Siddhanta. 

Swami Dayananda ya taimaka wajen gina karusai biyar don Haikalin Sri Mahalingaswamy da ke Tiruvidaimarudur kusa da Kumbakonam a shekarar 2010 akan kuɗin sama da rupees crore biyar kuma ya samar da kuɗi don bikin karusai na shekara-shekara. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Revival of an ancient Temple Tradition |url=http://www.templenet.com/Articles/chariot_revival.html |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=www.templenet.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Swami Dayananda Saraswati ya shigar da ƙarar da aka rubuta (WP 476/2012) a gaban Kotun Koli ta Indiya yana ƙalubalantar ingancin kundin tsarin mulki na tanade-tanaden dokoki da ƙa'idojin Addinin Hindu na Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh da Pondicherry. Wannan shari'ar tana nan a gaban Kotun Koli. 

Ya goyi bayan Dr. Subramanian Swamy don kare Ram Sethu da kuma kare shi lokacin da Gwamnatin Tarayyar Turai ke son ƙirƙirar hanyar karya ta. Ya taimaka wa Dr. Subramanian Swamy wajen gurfanar da shi a gaban kuliya a shari'ar Chidambaram Temple Case a shekarar 2009. Duk da cewa Podu Dikshitars da Dr. Subramanian Swamy sun sha kaye a shari'ar da aka yi a gidan ibadar Chidambaram a gaban babban kotun Madras, kotun koli ta amince da daukaka karar da suka shigar, wadda ta yanke hukunci a ranar 06 ga Janairu, 2014, inda ta kori gwamnati daga gidan ibadar Chidambaram Sri Natarajar, ta hanyar soke hukunce-hukuncen da kotun koli ta Madras ta yanke. Hukuncin Kotun Koli a Shari'ar Haikalin Chidambaram ya zo ne a matsayin wani ƙarin taimako ga dawo da gidajen ibada na Hindu daga ikon Gwamnati.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Matattun 2015]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1930]]
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    <title>Betsy Humphreys</title>
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'''Betsy L. Humphreys''' (an haife ta a ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 1947) ƙwararriyar mai kula da laburare ce ta likitanci kuma ƙwararriyar mai ba da labari kan lafiya, wadda aka sani da jagorantar ƙoƙarin cibiyoyi daban-daban don kafa ƙa'idodin kalmomin likitanci kamar SNOMED CT da Tsarin Harsunan Kiwon Lafiya na Haɗin Kai . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Humphreys |first=B. L. |last2=Lindberg |first2=D. A. B. |last3=Schoolman |first3=H. M. |last4=Barnett |first4=G. O. |date=1998-01-01 |title=The Unified Medical Language System: An Informatics Research Collaboration |journal=Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=1–11 |doi=10.1136/jamia.1998.0050001 |issn=1067-5027 |pmc=61271 |pmid=9452981}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Humphreys |first=Betsy L |last2=Del Fiol |first2=Guilherme |last3=Xu |first3=Hua |date=2020-10-01 |title=The UMLS knowledge sources at 30: indispensable to current research and applications in biomedical informatics |url=https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article/27/10/1499/5924492 |journal=Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association |language=en |volume=27 |issue=10 |pages=1499–1501 |doi=10.1093/jamia/ocaa208 |issn=1067-5027 |pmc=7647371 |pmid=33059366}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kasance mataimakiyar darakta a dakin karatu na likitanci na kasa daga shekarar 2005 har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 2017, inda ta rike mukaddashin darakta daga shekarar 2015 zuwa 2016. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-06-28 |title=Betsy Humphreys: Farewell to a Leader Who Set the Standard |url=https://infocus.nlm.nih.gov/2017/06/28/betsy-humphreys-farewell-to-a-leader-who-set-the-standard/ |access-date=2019-05-30 |website=NLM in Focus |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Betsy Humphreys a Lowell, Massachusetts, 'yar tsakiya 'ya'ya uku. Mahaifiyarta 'yar wasa ce mai gasa, kuma mahaifinta mai inshorar rai ne kuma ɗan wasa mai son aiki. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mitchell |first=Joyce |last2=Humphreys |first2=Betsy L. |last3=Ellison |first3=Donald |date=2010-07-01 |title=Presentation of the 2009 Morris F Collen Award to Betsy L Humphreys, with remarks from the recipient |journal=Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association |language=en |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=481–5 |doi=10.1136/jamia.2010.005728 |issn=1067-5027 |pmc=2995660 |pmid=20595319}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ilimi da aiki ==
Betsy Humphreys earned her B.A. from Smith College in 1969.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; She earned her M.L.S. from the University of Maryland, College Park in 1972.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Humphreys ya shiga Laburaren Magunguna na Ƙasa (NLM) a shekarar 1973. Ta yi aiki a rundunar MEDLARS III. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;  A tsawon lokacin da take a NLM, Humphreys ta yi aiki don sarrafa ayyukan ɗakin karatu ta atomatik kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ƙaddamar da DOCLINE. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
[[File:National_Library_of_Medicine's_Medical_Literature_Analysis_and_Retrieval_System_(MEDLARS)_III_Task_Force_meeting.jpg|thumb| Taron ƙungiyar aiki ta Tsarin Nazarin Adabin Likitanci da Maidowa a Laburaren Magunguna na Ƙasa]]
Humphreys ya yi shawarwari kan lasisin amfani da kalmomin asibiti na SNOMED CT a duk faɗin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kafa ƙungiyar ƙa'idodin lafiya ta duniya . &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Van Hollen |first=Chris |date=2017-06-13 |title=Tribute to Betsy Humphreys |url=https://www.congress.gov/crec/2017/06/13/CREC-2017-06-13-pt1-PgS3452.pdf |journal=Congressional Record - Senate |pages=S3452 |via=Congress.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-02-19 |title=Betsy L. Humphreys, Former Deputy Director, National Library of Medicine |url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/od/roster/humphreys.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219143920/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/od/roster/humphreys.html |archive-date=2019-02-19 |access-date=2019-05-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga 2005 zuwa 30 ga Yuni, 2017, Humphreys ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin darakta na Laburaren Magunguna na Ƙasa. [1] Bugu da ƙari, daga 2015 zuwa 2016, ta yi aiki a matsayin darakta mai riƙo, inda ta zama mace ta farko kuma mai kula da laburare ta farko da ta jagoranci Laburaren Magunguna na Ƙasa. [2] [1]

== Lambobin yabo da girmamawa ==
An naɗa ta a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Nazarin Likitanci ta Amurka a shekarar 1990. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Betsy L. Humphreys, MLS, FACMI |url=https://www.amia.org/about-amia/leadership/acmi-fellow/betsy-l-humphreys-mls-facmi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530153256/https://www.amia.org/about-amia/leadership/acmi-fellow/betsy-l-humphreys-mls-facmi |archive-date=2019-05-30 |access-date=2019-05-30 |website=www.amia.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2008, an nada ta a matsayin memba na Ƙungiyar Laburaren Likitanci . &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 June 2018 |title=MLA : Blogs : Humphreys, Betsy |url=https://www.mlanet.org/blog/humphreys,-betsy |access-date=2019-05-30 |website=www.mlanet.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kuma zaɓi Humphreys a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Magunguna ta Ƙasa . &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

Ta sami kyaututtuka da dama, ciki har da kyautar Morris F. Collen don ƙwarewa daga Kwalejin Ilimin Lafiya ta Amurka, kyautar Marcia C. Noyes daga Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Lafiya, kyautar Cornerstone daga Laburare na Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Lafiya ta Ilimi, da lambar yabo ta Kwalejin Smith. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;

An ƙirƙiri lambar LOINC (Lambar Sunaye da Lambobin da ke Bayyana Ma'ana, [[Maestro of scalable information infrastructure|Maestro na tsarin bayanai masu iya canzawa]], don girmama ta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=86466-0 |url=https://s.details.loinc.org/LOINC/86466-0.html?sections=Comprehensive |access-date=2019-05-30 |website=s.details.loinc.org}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

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'''Gidan Tarihi na Rayuwa na Makarantar Koyon Aikin Jinya ta Jami'ar Maryland''' yana cikin Baltimore, [[Maryland]], Amurka, kuma an sadaukar da shi don raba tarihi da gadon sana'ar [[Ungozoma|jinya]] mai albarka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Listing of museums of interest to nursing history |url=http://www.aahn.org/travel.html |access-date=4 February 2011}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan Tarihi yana ɗauke da ɗaruruwan abubuwa na asali da hotuna, da kuma gabatarwa masu kayatarwa ta sauti da bidiyo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nurse contraptions from long ago |url=http://scrubsmag.com/museum/ |access-date=4 February 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan Tarihi ya bi diddigin ci gaban manufar [[Ilimi na jinya|Makarantar Aikin Jinya]] a fannin ilimin aikin jinya, bincike da kuma aiki tun daga farkon shekarunta a matsayin makarantar horar da asibiti har zuwa fitowarta a matsayin babbar makarantar ƙwararru.

Gidan kayan gargajiya ya nuna gudummawar tarihi da ba a yarda da ita ba na ma'aikatan jinya, ya kalubalanci tatsuniyoyi da kuskuren ra'ayoyi game da jinya, kuma ya binciki rawar da ma'aikatan ma'aikatan lafiya ke takawa a matsayin masu ba da kiwon lafiya. Wata dama ce ga baƙi su haɗu - da yawa a karo na farko - labarin da ba a faɗi ba game da jinya ta Amurka ta hanyar abubuwan da ma'aikatan jinya na Jami'ar Maryland suka samu daga kafa makarantar a 1889 zuwa yanzu. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida] [ana buƙatar hujja]

Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Rayuwa na Jami'ar Maryland yana a 655 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Gidan Tarihi na Rayuwa na Makarantar Koyon Aikin Jinya ta Jami'ar Maryland''' yana cikin Baltimore, [[Maryland]], Amurka, kuma an sadaukar da shi don raba tarihi da gadon sana'ar [[Ungozoma|jinya]] mai albarka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Listing of museums of interest to nursing history |url=http://www.aahn.org/travel.html |access-date=4 February 2011}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan Tarihi yana ɗauke da ɗaruruwan abubuwa na asali da hotuna, da kuma gabatarwa masu kayatarwa ta sauti da bidiyo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nurse contraptions from long ago |url=http://scrubsmag.com/museum/ |access-date=4 February 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan Tarihi ya bi diddigin ci gaban manufar [[Ilimi na jinya|Makarantar Aikin Jinya]] a fannin ilimin aikin jinya, bincike da kuma aiki tun daga farkon shekarunta a matsayin makarantar horar da asibiti har zuwa fitowarta a matsayin babbar makarantar ƙwararru.

Gidan kayan gargajiya ya nuna gudummawar tarihi da ba a yarda da ita ba na ma'aikatan jinya, ya kalubalanci tatsuniyoyi da kuskuren ra'ayoyi game da jinya, kuma ya binciki rawar da ma'aikatan ma'aikatan lafiya ke takawa a matsayin masu ba da kiwon lafiya. Wata dama ce ga baƙi su haɗu - da yawa a karo na farko - labarin da ba a faɗi ba game da jinya ta Amurka ta hanyar abubuwan da ma'aikatan jinya na Jami'ar Maryland suka samu daga kafa makarantar a 1889 zuwa yanzu. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida] [ana buƙatar hujja]

Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Rayuwa na Jami'ar Maryland yana a 655 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD.

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    <title>Chitra Sarwara</title>
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'''Chitra Sarwara''' (an haife ta a ranar 18 ga Maris 1975) ɗan siyasan Indiya ne a [[Haryana]]. Ta kasance memba a jam'iyyar Aam Aadmi Party Haryana inda ta kasance mataimakiyar shugabar jiha.   Ta sauya shekarta zuwa jam'iyyar Indian National Congress a watan Janairun 2024. Ita 'yar Nirmal Singh Mohra ce.

Kafin wannan, ta kasance Sakatare Janar na Ƙasa Mai Kula da Ƙungiyar &amp; Ma'aji na Haryana Democratic Front-HDF, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta mai rijista a Haryana.

A da, a matsayinta na 'yar majalisar dokokin Indiya, ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Ƙasa kuma mai kula da kafofin sada zumunta na All India Mahila Congress .   Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Babbar Mataimakiyar Shugabar Kwamitin Majalisar Mahila ta Haryana Pradesh . 

Ta fara aikinta na siyasa a shekarar 2013 lokacin da aka zaɓe ta a matsayin Kofur na Karamar Hukuma ta Ambala Municipal Corporation, Haryana. A watan Oktoban 2019, ta fafata da Vidhan Sabha daga Ambala Cantt, Haryana, a matsayin 'yar takara mai zaman kanta kuma ta zo ta biyu da kuri'u sama da 44.5,000. Chitra  ya fafata a zaben Vidhan Sabha na 2024 daga Ambala Cantt, Haryana a matsayin ɗan takara mai zaman kansa   a karo na biyu bayan da majalisar dokokin Indiya ta hana shi tikitin tsayawa takara  kuma ya sami kuri'u 52,581.
[[File:Chitra_launched_registered_political_party_'Team_Chitra'..jpg|left|thumb| Chitra ta ƙaddamar da takardar shaidar siyasa mai suna 'TeamChitra' don tada batutuwan da suka shafi jama'a da al'umma.]]
Chitra Sarwara da tawagarta sun fafata a zaɓen Majalisar Karamar Hukumar Ambala Sadar ta 2025  inda suka tsayar da 'yan takara 30 na Majalisar Karamar Hukumar  (a cikin gundumomi 30 daga cikin 32) da kuma ɗan takarar Shugaba. 'Yan takara huɗu sun yi nasara, kuma ɗan takarar shugaban ƙasa ya zo na biyu da kuri'u 31,968 (kashi 34%+).

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
An haifi Chitra Sarwara a ranar 18 ga Maris 1975 a Ambala Cantt, Haryana. Ita 'yar Chaudhary Nirmal Singh Mohra ce, wani memba na Majalisar Dokokin Haryana na wa'adi biyar daga Mazabar Naggal kuma a halin yanzu tana aiki a Mazabar [[Ambala City|Birnin Ambala]], da kuma Naib Kaur.  Chitra tana da 'yan'uwa uku: ƙanne biyu, Uday Vir Singh da Chetak Singh, da kuma ƙanwarta Noor Sarwara.

Ta yi karatunta na farko a Convent of Jesus and Mary, Ambala  da kuma Bhartiya Public School  a Ambala Cantt . Daga baya ta shiga makarantar koyon wasanni ta Motilal Nehru,  Rai, Sonipat a shekarar 1994.

Ita ƴar wasan ƙwallon raga ce ta ƙasa da ƙasa, bayan ta lashe kofuna da dama na Jiha da Ƙasa a matsayin ɓangare na ƙungiyar Rai. Ta wakilci [[Haryana]] a Gasar Wasan Volleyball ta Makarantu ta Ƙasa a [[Purnia]], [[Bihar]] a shekarar 1993, inda ƙungiyar Haryana ta lashe gasar. Ta halarci sansanin Indiya da ke [[Bengaluru|Bangalore]] kuma ta wakilci [[Indiya]] a wasan da suka fafata da [[Sri Lanka]] a shekarar 1994 a wasannin ƙwallon raga. Ta kammala karatunta daga Cibiyar Zane ta Ƙasa,  [[Ahmedabad]] a matsayin mai ƙira a masana'antu wanda ya ƙware a fannin ƙirar kayan daki.

Ta yi aiki da Tesseract Design &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2005-07-11 |title=tesseract designs |url=https://tesseractdesigns.in/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722182900/https://tesseractdesigns.in/ |archive-date=22 July 2019 |access-date=27 July 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; a Bangalore sannan ta ci gaba da karatun Idiom Design and Consulting &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2007-05-21 |title=Idiom Design and Consulting |url=https://www.idiom.co.in/}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Bengaluru|Bangalore]]. A [[Delhi]], ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan zane mai zaman kanta kuma daga ƙarshe ta zama Shugabar Zane a ofishin Idiom Design and Consulting na [[Delhi]].

A lokacin da take aiki da Idiom Design and Consulting, ta kasance Manajan Zane don haɓaka shirin 2010 na Wasannin Commonwealth Image and Look wanda ya haɗa da haɓaka alamar wasanni daga Logo zuwa aikace-aikacen shirin Image and Look a duk faɗin birni da kuma abubuwan haɗin gwiwa.

== Aikin siyasa ==
[[File:Chitra_fight_second_Haryana_Legislative_Election_as_an_Independent_Candidate..jpg|left|thumb| A shekarar 2024, lokacin da Majalisa ta sake hana Chitra tikitin tsayawa takara, ta shigar da takararta a matsayin 'yar takara mai zaman kanta kuma ta fafata a zaben shugaban jam'iyyar BJP kuma ministan harkokin cikin gida na Haryana, Anil Vij . Ta sha kaye a zaɓen da ƙuri'u 7,277 yayin da a wannan zaɓen, ɗan takarar jam'iyyar Indian National Congress ya sake rasa kuɗin da ya ajiye.]]

* A shekarar 2013, an zaɓi Sarwara a matsayin kamfani mai zaman kansa na ƙananan hukumomi daga Ambala Cantt, wani sabon kamfanin ƙananan hukumomi da aka kafa.
* A watan Maris na 2015, ta shiga Kwamitin Majalisar Haryana Pradesh Mahila a matsayin Mai Gudanar da Jiha na Masu Sa Ido da Masu Kula da Sashen Rohtak-Karnal (Minus Bhiwani da Kaithal) da kuma a matsayin mai magana da yawun Shugaban Jiha mai ƙarfi Smt. [[Sumitra Chauhan]] .
* A watan Mayun 2015, ta shirya wani babban taron mata a ranar tunawa da mutuwar Sh Rajiv Gandhi . &quot;Rajiv Gandhi- Ek Vyaktitav, Ek Soch&quot; ya samu halartar manyan jagororin INC na jiha da mata daga Ambala .
* A shekarar 2016, an naɗa ta a matsayin Babbar Mataimakiyar Shugabar Kwamitin Majalisar Haryana Pradesh Mahila .
* A shekarar 2017, a lokacin mulkin Shugaban Majalisar All India Mahila Congress (AIMC) Smt. An naɗa [[Shobha Oza]], Sarwara a matsayin Shugaban Kafafen Sadarwa na Zamani. Ta fara aikin farko da ƙungiyar ta yi don gina kasancewarta a yanar gizo.

[[File:Chitra_Sarwara_Handling_memorandum_to_Hon'ble_President_of_India..jpg|thumb| Chitra Ta Mika Takardar #WomenFor33 (Dokar Ajiye Mata) Ga Tsohon Shugaban Kasar Indiya Mai Girma Sh. [[Ram Nath Govind]] a birnin New Delhi tare da tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar Rajasthan Mahila Congress Smt. Rehana Riaz tare da tawagar Majalisar Mahila]]

* A shekarar 2017, Majalisar Mahila ta fara wani kamfen na musamman, #WomenFor33. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-01-31 |title=Mahila Congress launches online campaign to ensure Women's Reservation Bill by 2019 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/mahila-congress-launches-online-campaign-to-ensure-women-s-reservation-bill-by-2019-1158021-2018-01-31}}&lt;/ref&gt; An tattara sa hannu sama da 10,000 a Ambala don wannan kamfen. Sarwara na daga cikin tawagar AIMC karkashin jagorancin Sushmita Dev wadda ta mika sa hannun da aka tattara ga shugaban kasar Indiya, Sh. Ram Nath Kovind, a ranar 14 ga Oktoba, 2017.
* A ranar 13 ga Disamba, 2017, shugaban majalisar dokokin Indiya Sh. Rahul Gandhi a lokacin taron bita na The Way Ahead, wanda shugaban AIMC Sushmita Dev ya shirya.

[[File:Chitra_Sarwara_designed_Mahila_Congress_website.jpg|thumb| Shafukan yanar gizo da kuma ayyukan kafofin sada zumunta na All India Mahila Congress karkashin jagorancin Ms. Chitra Sarwara wanda Sh. Rahul Gandhi a birnin New Delhi.]]

* A watan Maris na 2018, an naɗa ta a matsayin Sakatare na Majalisar All India Mahila.  Sarwara ta ci gaba da aikin da aka daɗe ana yi na ƙirƙirar mutum da tambarinsa ga Majalisar Mahila.
* A ranar 7 ga Agusta 2018, Shugaban INC Sh. Rahul Gandhi a lokacin Mahila Adhikaar Sammelan. 

[[File:Mahila_Congress_Logo_designed_by_Chitra_Sarwara.jpg|thumb| Chitra Sarwara (wanda a lokacin shine Babban Sakatare na Majalisar Mahila) ne ya tsara tambarin da kuma asalin Majalisar Mahila, kuma Rahul Gandhi ne ya ƙaddamar da shi a Ranar Kafa AIMC, shekaru 34 bayan kafa reshen Majalisar Mahila na Majalisar Dokokin Indiya .]]

* A ranar 30 ga Agusta 2018, an naɗa Sarwara a matsayin Babban Sakatare na Majalisar All India Mahila. 
* A ranar 30 ga Satumba, 2018, Sarwara ta shirya shirye-shiryen mata a Ambala a matsayin wani ɓangare na Mahila Adhikaar Yatra. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-10-01 |title=congress factions come together for state wide campaign launched by women's congress |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/congress-factions-come-together-against-state-govt/articleshow/66021087.cms |publisher=times of india}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Mahila_Adhikaar_Yatra_organised_by_Chitra_in_Ambala_Cantt.jpg|thumb| Chitra Organised Mahila Adhikar Yatra shirin a Village Shahpur, Ambala Cantt, [[Haryana]] wanda Tsohon Shugaban Majalisar Mahila Smt. Sushmita Dev da 'yar majalisar dokoki ta Haryana Deepender Singh Hooda .]]

* A watan Oktoban 2019, bayan da Majalisar Dokokin Indiya ta hana shi tikitin tsayawa takara, Sarwara ya tsaya takarar dan takara mai zaman kansa daga mazabar Ambala Cantt. Ta samu sama da maki 44{{Spaces}}kuri'u dubu, yayin da ɗan takarar jam'iyyar Indian National Congress ya samu ƙuri'u 8 kacal.{{Spaces}}kuri'u dubu.
* A watan Disamba na 2019, an naɗa Sarwara a matsayin Ma'ajin Ƙasa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-03-06 |title=HDF made Chitra Sarwara National Treasurer |url=https://www.molitics.in/news/147245/nirmal-singhs-daughter-chitra-launches-a-political-front |website=Molics |access-date=2026-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250113004810/https://www.molitics.in/news/147245/nirmal-singhs-daughter-chitra-launches-a-political-front |archive-date=2025-01-13 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Haryana Democratic Front]] .

[[File:Chitra_fight_as_an_Independent_candidate_as_Congress_denied_her_ticket_in_2019..jpg|thumb| A zaben Haryana Vidhan Sabha na 2019, Majalisa ta hana Chitra tikitin tsayawa takara, wacce daga baya ta gabatar da takararta a matsayin 'yar takara mai zaman kanta, sannan ta yi gwagwarmaya mai karfi ga shugabar jam'iyyar BJP, Anil Vij . A wannan zaɓen, 'yar takarar Congress ta rasa kuɗin shigarta.]]

* A watan Oktoba na 2020, an naɗa ta a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Ƙasa kuma Mai Kula da Ofishin &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-03-06 |title=HDF made Chitra Sarwara National General Secretary and Office Incharge |url=https://www.molitics.in/news/147245/nirmal-singhs-daughter-chitra-launches-a-political-front |website=Molics |access-date=2026-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250113004810/https://www.molitics.in/news/147245/nirmal-singhs-daughter-chitra-launches-a-political-front |archive-date=2025-01-13 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Haryana Democratic Front|Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Haryana]] .
* A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2022, an naɗa Sarwara a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a na Jam'iyyar Aam Aadmi don zaɓen Majalisar Birni da Kwamitin Birni, wanda aka gudanar a ranar 19 ga Yuni 2022 a birane 46 na [[Haryana]] .
* A ranar 23 ga Yuni 2022, aka naɗa shi a matsayin Incharge,  Aam Aadmi Party Zone ta Arewa, Haryana.
* A watan Afrilun 2023, aka naɗa shi Mataimakin Shugaban Jiha, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-03-14 |title=AAP made Chitra Sarwara State Vice President Haryana |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/haryana/ambala/news/haryana-news-former-minister-nirmal-singh-national-joint-secretary-in-aap-chitra-sarwara-became-state-vice-president-131325349.html |website=Danik Bhaskar}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jam'iyyar Aam Aadmi, Haryana.

* A ranar 5 ga Janairu, ya sake komawa Majalisar Dokokin Indiya.
* A shekarar 2024, Chitra  ta gudanar da yakin neman zaben 'Ghar Ghar Congress, Har Ghar Congress' , wani aiki na majalisar dokokin Indiya a duk fadin jihar, a dukkan kauyuka da yankunan Ambala Cantt, wanda ya kasance babban gangami don goyon bayan jam'iyyar don zaben Lok Sabha mai zuwa.
* A zaɓen Loksabha na 2024, jam'iyyar National Congress ta Indiya ta samu ƙuri'u masu kyau a mazabar Majalisar Ambala Cantt, inda jam'iyyar Bhartiya Janta ta yi nasara da ƙaramin rinjaye na ƙuri'u 3,277 kacal, duk da cewa Ambala ta kasance mai ƙarfi sau 6 a BJP, ɗan majalisar dokoki Anil Vij . 

[[File:Women's_Rally.jpg|left|thumb| A lokacin yakin neman zaben Majalisar Dokoki ta Haryana ta 2024, Chitra ta shirya wani gangamin mata na 'भयमुक्त अम्बाला यात्रा', wani gangamin mata na kira da a yi amfani da dabarun ta'addanci da suka mamaye mazabu a karkashin ikon da ke mulki a wancan lokacin.]]

* A shekarar 2024, Chitra  ta fafata a zaben Vidhan Sabha daga Ambala Cantt, Haryana a matsayin 'yar takara mai zaman kanta   a karo na biyu bayan da majalisar dokokin Indiya ta hana ta tikitin tsayawa takara  kuma ta samu kuri'u 52,581.

[[File:Team_Chitra_fielded_candidates_in_Ambala_Cantt_Municipal_Council_election.jpg|thumb| A zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na 2025 a Haryana, Chitra ta gabatar da 'yan takarar Kansilan ƙananan hukumomi 30 da kuma ɗan takarar shugaba a madadin ƙungiyar 'Team Chitra' ta gaba a Ambala Cantt. 'Yan takararta 4 sun lashe zabensu daban-daban, kuma duk sun tsaya a matsayi na biyu. Ɗan takararta na shugaban ƙasa shi ma ya zo na biyu da ƙuri'u sama da 34%. Gabaɗaya 'yan takararta sun sami ƙuri'u sama da 35%.]]

* A shekarar 2025, Chitra Sarwara da tawagarta sun fafata a zaben Majalisar Karamar Hukumar Ambala Sadar  inda suka tsayar da 'yan takara 30 na Majalisar Karamar Hukumar  (a cikin gundumomi 30 daga cikin 32) da kuma dan takarar Shugaban Karamar Hukumar. 'Yan takara huɗu na Majalisar Karamar Hukuma da ta samu nasara sun tsaya takara, kuma ɗan takarar shugaban ƙasa ya zo na biyu da kuri'u 31968 (kashi 34%+).
* A ranar 8 ga Yuni 2025, Chitra Sarwara ta yi rijistar matsayinta na siyasa mai suna '#TeamChitra' don ta gabatar da matsalolin jama'a a gaba yadda ya kamata.

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
Kakanta Chaudhary Hazara Singh Sarwara malamin Turanci da Urdu ne, yayin da kakarta Chinto Devi mai kula da gida ce. Ta auri Digvijay Singh Chahal,  ƙwararren ɗan wasan golf na ƙasa da ƙasa kuma ɗan Col. Niranjan Singh. Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya biyu, mace ɗaya da namiji ɗaya. An haifi ɗansu da wata cuta mai saurin kisa, wato biliary atresia wadda za ta shafi hantarsa gaba ɗaya. A watan Disamba na 2016, lokacin da yake ɗan watanni 8 kacal kuma yana buƙatar dashen hanta, Chitra ta ba da gudummawar hantarta (wani ɓangare na ta) ga ɗanta. 

== Gaban zamantakewa ==

=== Hasken da ke Ciki ===
An ƙaddamar da Hasken Cikin (TLW) a matsayin dandamali na ƙwararru da zamantakewa na yau da kullun ga mata a Ambala . Manufar ita ce a samu ƙwararrun mata, masu nasara da kuma masu ba da gudummawa daga fannoni daban-daban su yi aiki tare, su haɗa kai, su kuma yi wani abu don kawo sauyi don inganta rayuwarmu da al'ummarmu.

A ƙarƙashin TLW, an shirya tarurrukan bita na shirye-shirye a duk makarantun sakandare na gwamnatin Ambala don taimaka wa ɗaliban da ke shirye don jarrabawa tare da nasihu da dabaru kan kula da damuwa, haɓaka ƙwaƙwalwa da kuma yadda ake gwada jarrabawa a ƙarƙashin wannan tuta.

An shirya tarurrukan bita kan tsaftar jinin al'ada don rarraba adiko kyauta ga yara mata daga ƙabilu masu fama da matsalar kuɗi tare da haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, likitocin mata da ma'aikatan zamantakewa.

Daga baya, TLW ta rikide zuwa Nari Shakti tare da manyan ayyuka da kuma ayyukan da suka fi yawa.

== Tashin hankali ==

* In February 2015, Sarwara took part in a Kisaan Andolan called by Rahul Gandhi against land acquisition bill changes proposed by the BJP government.
* In March 2015, she took part in a candle march protest 'Meri Beti Mera Gaurav' against female foeticide organised by Danik Bhaskar.
* In April 2015, she protested in Chandigarh against the misgovernance of [[Haryana]] government.
* In June 2015, she took part in a protest against 1 year of [[Narendra Modi]] government in [[Delhi]].
* In September 2016, she led a women's protest in Ambala against the price rise of LPG, petrol and diesel.
* In March 2017, she took part in protest organised by Ambala Congress against false promise of BJP government to bring back Black Money.
* On 14 May 2017, she took part in protest against BJP government in Chandigarh for increase in crimes against women in [[Haryana]].
* On 23 June 2017, she participated in a protest organised in Ambala with small scale business owners against implementation of the Goods and Services Tax.
* In July 2017, she participated in a protest against no legal action against the son of Subhash Barala, the BJP [[Haryana]] chief, accused of stalking a girl.
* On 25 July 2017, she joined a sansad gherao protest on completion 3 years of central government.
* On 6 August 2017, she organized a protest march in Ambala Cantt along with the Mahila Congress unit of Ambala against no arrests in the stalking case of the son of the BJP [[Haryana]] chief.
* In August 2017, she protested outside house of Ambala Lok Sabha MP Rattan Lal Kataria, against his sexist comments on INC women leader Selja Kumari.
* On 8 November 2017, she protested on the anniversary of the 2016 Indian banknote demonetisation.
* On 14 December 2017, she protested against election commission.
* On 19 December 2017, she protested outside the Municipal Cooperation against the lack of development in Ambala.
* On 9 December 2017, she participated in a protest organised by citizens to get justice for a 5-year girl raped and brutally murdered in Boh Village, Ambala Cantt.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=family seeks of vaishnavis killer hanged |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/news/HAR-AMB-OMC-LCL-family-seeks-of-vaishnavi-s-killer-hanged-5765845-PHO.html |access-date=2017-12-10 |publisher=danik bhaskar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* On 17 January 2018, she protested in Chandigarh against the Manohar Lal Khattar government on the various rape cases in [[Haryana]].
* On 17 February 2018, she joined a protest against Haryana government organized by Anganwadi workers.
* On 4 March 2018, she participated in a fast for peace and harmony.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-02-19 |title=fast peace harmony |url=https://www.aimc.in/media/fast-peace-harmony/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722210138/https://www.aimc.in/media/fast-peace-harmony/ |archive-date=22 July 2019 |access-date=3 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* On 8 March 2018, she protested outside parliament&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-03-08 |title=protest outside parliament womenfor33 |url=https://www.aimc.in/media/protest-outside-parliament-womenfor33/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722205942/https://www.aimc.in/media/protest-outside-parliament-womenfor33/ |archive-date=22 July 2019 |access-date=3 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; demanding passage of the #WomenFor33 Bill.
* On 15 March 2018, she protested in Ambala to demand action against nephew of the minister for Health &amp; Sport of Haryana, accused of fraud.
* On 21 March 2018, she participated in a candle march in Ambala Cantt against the central government failing to bring back 39 Indians from Iraq.
* On 28 March 2018, she took part in the Jan Aakrosh Rally.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-04-29 |title=jan aakrosh rally |url=https://www.aimc.in/media/jan-aakrosh-rally/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722205936/https://www.aimc.in/media/jan-aakrosh-rally/ |archive-date=22 July 2019 |access-date=3 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* On 4 April 2018, she participated in Save Democracy Day.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-05-08 |title=save democracy day |url=https://www.aimc.in/media/save-democracy-day/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722205936/https://www.aimc.in/media/save-democracy-day/ |archive-date=22 July 2019 |access-date=3 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* In April 2018, she protested outside Divisional Railway Manager office against the delay in the railway over bridge project.
* On 16 May 2018, she protested against the Haryana government's decision of a Corporation breach&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 May 2018 |title=protest against Corporation breach |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/news/latest-ambala-news-020503-1714922.html |access-date=2018-05-16 |website=Dainik Bhaskar |publisher=danik bhaskar}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=protest against Corporation breach |url=https://www.amarujala.com/haryana/ambala/156157651214-ambala-news115 |access-date=2019-06-27 |publisher=danik bhaskar}}&lt;/ref&gt; along with INC Ambala team.
* On 29 May 2018, she took part in the Vishwasghat Diwas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-05-26 |title=vishwasghat diwas |url=https://www.aimc.in/media/vishwasghat-diwas/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722210143/https://www.aimc.in/media/vishwasghat-diwas/ |archive-date=22 July 2019 |access-date=3 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Chitra_played_vital_role_in_Ab_Badlega_Haryana_Rally.jpg|thumb| Chitra ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a gangamin 'Ab Badlega Haryana na [[Aam Aadmi Party organised|jam'iyyar Aam Aadmi da aka shirya]] a Kurukshetra, wanda shugaban jam'iyyar Arvind Kejriwal ya jagoranta.]]

* A watan Agustan 2018, ta shiga cikin Mahila Aakrosh Rally . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-08-24 |title=mahila aakrosh |url=https://www.aimc.in/media/mahila-aakrosh/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722205938/https://www.aimc.in/media/mahila-aakrosh/ |archive-date=22 July 2019 |access-date=3 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* A ranar 10 ga Satumba 2018, ta shirya zanga-zanga tare da ƙungiyar Ambala Congress game da hauhawar farashin LPG, man fetur, da dizal.
* A watan Satumbar 2018, akwai tashin hankali na Bharat Band, inda ta yi zanga-zanga game da Babban Ofishin Bincike, tana aiki a matsayin yar tsana ga gwamnatin [[Narendra Modi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-09-21 |title=bharat bandh |url=https://www.aimc.in/media/bharat-bandh/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722205941/https://www.aimc.in/media/bharat-bandh/ |archive-date=22 July 2019 |access-date=3 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun 2019, ta shiga cikin zanga-zangar HPMC a Chandigarh a kan wanda ake tuhuma wanda ya ce maganganun da ba su dace ba game da Smt. Priyanka Gandhi
* A ranar 16 ga watan Fabrairun 2019, ta jagoranci tafiyar kyandir a Ambala Cantt don shahidai na harin Pulwama .
* A watan Maris na shekara ta 2019, ta shiga cikin Kala Diwas . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-03-13 |title=kala diwas |url=https://www.aimc.in/media/kaladiwas/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722205938/https://www.aimc.in/media/kaladiwas/ |archive-date=22 July 2019 |access-date=3 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* A watan Agustan 2020, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar a Ambala Cantt don hauhawar farashin man fetur.
* A watan Agustan 2020, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar adawa da dokokin gona guda uku a ƙauyen Mandour, Ambala Cantt .
* A watan Satumbar 2020, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar a Birnin Ambala don hauhawar farashin man fetur.
* A watan Oktoba 2020, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar adawa da dokokin gona guda uku a ofishin Mataimakin Kwamishinan, Birnin Ambala .
* A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar adawa da cin hanci da rashawa a aikin gini a Kamfanin Municipal, Birnin Ambala .
* A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2022, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar cin hanci da rashawa a gina filin wasan kwallon kafa na kasa da kasa, Ambala Cantt . Wannan ita ce zanga-zangar farko ta Chitra bayan ta shiga Jam'iyyar Aam Aadmi.
* A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2022, Chitra tare da mahaifinsa [[Haryana]])&quot; id=&quot;mwAjU&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Nirmal Singh (Haryana)&quot;&gt;Nirmal Singh da ɗan'uwansa Udayvir Singh sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shirya taron 'Ab Badlega Haryana' a Braham sarovar, Kurukshetra wanda ya ƙaddamar da Jam'iyyar Aam Aadmi a Haryana don shirin Vidhansabha na 2024. Mahaifin da 'yar sun jawo kimanin mutane 25,000 daga tarurrukan Ambala Cantt, Ambala City, Jagadhri, Mullana, Gulha Cheeka, Pehowa, Radaur, Sadhaura da yankuna daban-daban na Kurukshetra lokshabha zuwa wannan gangamin.
* A watan Agustan 2022, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar AAP game da shawarar da Gwamnatin Haryana ta yanke na rufe makarantun gwamnati daban-daban a Haryana.
* A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2022, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar AAP a waje da Majalisar Majalisa, Ambala Cantt game da rashin daidaituwa na NDC da ID na dukiya da gwamnati ta bayar.
* A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2022, ta jagoranci Akrosh Maris a Birnin Ambala game da kamawa ba bisa ka'ida ba na Shugaban Jam'iyyar Aam Aadmi Candidate Makhan Singh Labana a Zila Parishad Ambala .
* A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2022, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar a waje da ofishin 'yan sanda na CIA-1 a Ambala Cantt game da tsare-tsaren da ba bisa ka'ida ba na Shugaban Jam'iyyar Aam Aadmi Candidate Makhan Singh Lagana a Zila Parishad Ambala .
* A ranar 18 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022, ta jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo a Ambala a lokacin jam'iyyar Aam Aadmi ta sami matsayin jam'iyyar kasa.
* A ranar 8 ga Fabrairu 2023, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar adawa da Gwamnatin BJP don taimakawa Adani da Ambani a Manav Chowk, Birnin Ambala .
* A ranar 13 ga Fabrairu 2023, Dharna Pardarshan a Karnal tare da Anurag Dhanda ji a kan ministan wasanni Haryana Sandeep Singh, wanda ake zargi da zargin cin zarafi.
* A ranar 15 ga Fabrairu 2023, ta shiga Dharna Pardharshan tare da ƙungiyar kusan motoci 150 a Panchkula suna tallafawa zargin cin zarafin ministan wasanni Haryana Sandeep Singh da kuma kiran adalci.
* A ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 2023, ta shiga cikin zanga-zangar adawa da kama Manish Sisodiya ji a Hisar .
* A ranar 2 ga Maris 2023, ta jagoranci tawagar zuwa Panchkula don ba da tallafi ga tashin hankali na Sarpanch.
* A ranar 3 ga Maris 2023, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar a Ambala Cantt game da hauhawar farashi da cajin Sarpanch lathi.
* A ranar 24 ga Maris 2023, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar a Yamunanagar tare da shugaban AAP Jagadhri Adarsh Pal don #ModiHataoDeshBachaho . A lokacin wannan zanga-zangar, an kama Chitra.
* A ranar 3 ga Mayu 2023, Chitra ya kasance memba na Wakilin da Arvind Kejriwal ke jagoranta wanda ya sadu da masu gwagwarmaya da ke zanga-zanga a Jantar Mantar game da zargin cin zarafin jima'i.
* A ranar 5 ga Mayu 2023, ta jagoranci zanga-zangar kyandir a Ambala Cantt don tallafawa masu gwagwarmaya da dan majalisa na BJP Brij Bhushan Singh .
* A ranar 13 ga Mayu 2023, ta shiga zanga-zangar adawa da Gwamnatin BJP a Karnal tare da Babban Mataimakin Shugaban AAP Haryana Anurag Dhanda .
* A ranar 8 ga Yuni 2023, ta shiga cikin Tiranga Yatra tare da tawagarta a Jind karkashin jagorancin AAP Convener Arvind Kejriwal da [[Punjab (Indiya)|Punjab]] CM Bhagwant Mann .
* A ranar 3 ga Yulin 2023, ta shiga cikin dukkan jam'iyyar adawa ta Dharna Pardarshan don tallafawa kungiyar Rehdi Fhadi a Birnin Ambala.
* A ranar 28 ga watan Agustan 2023, Chitra, tare da Nirmal Singh, sun jagoranci Huge Bijli Andolan Maris a gundumar Ambala.

== Manazarta ==

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    <title>Carlos Andrés Pérez</title>
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'''Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodríguez''' (daga ranar 27 ga watan Oktoba a shekarar 1922  zuwa  ranar 25 ga watan Disamba a shekara ta 2010),  wanda kuma aka sani da sunansa na farko '''CAP''' kuma galibi ana kiransa da ''El Gocho'' (saboda asalinsa na Andean), ɗan siyasa ne na [[Venezuela]] wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Kasar Venezuela na 47 da na 50 daga shekara ta 1974 zuwa shekarar 1979 da kuma tsakanin shekarar 1989 zuwa shekarar 1993. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Acción Democrática, babbar jam'iyyar siyasa a Venezuela a rabin na biyu na ƙarni na ashirin.

Bayan faduwar mulkin kama karya na [[Marcos Pérez Jiménez]] da dawowarsa daga gudun hijira, Pérez ya yi aiki a matsayin ministan harkokin cikin gida na Rómulo Betancourt tsakanin shekara ta 1959 da  shekara ta 1964, lokacin da ya shahara da tsauraran martanin da yake mayar wa 'yan daba. An san shugabancinsa na farko da ''Saudiyya Venezuela'' saboda ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa sakamakon yawan kudaden shiga da ake samu daga fitar da man fetur. Duk da haka, shugabancinsa na biyu ya ga ci gaba da rikicin tattalin arziki na shekarun 1980, jerin rikice-rikicen zamantakewa, tarzoma da aka fi sani da Caracazo da kuma yunƙurin juyin mulki sau biyu a shekarar 1992 . A  watan {{Nowrap|May 1993}} ya zama shugaban ƙasar Venezuela na farko da Kotun Ƙoli ta [[:es:Proceso de destitución de Carlos Andrés Pérez|tsige]] bisa zargin sa da satar kuɗin bolívars {{Nowrap|250 million}} (kimanin dala miliyan 2.7)  mallakar wani asusun shugaban ƙasa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya, wanda aka yi amfani da kuɗinsa wajen tsoma baki a babban zaɓen Nicaragua na shekarar 1990 da kuma hayar masu tsaron lafiyar Shugaba [[Violeta Chamorro]] .

== Rayuwar farko da ilimi ==
An haifi Carlos Andrés Pérez a hacienda ''La Argentina'', a kan iyakar Venezuela da Colombia kusa da garin Rubio, jihar Táchira, shi ne na 11 cikin yara 12 a cikin iyali mai matsakaicin matsayi. Mahaifinsa, Antonio Pérez Lemus, ɗan ƙasar Colombia ne mai shuka kofi kuma mai sayar da magunguna daga asalin ƙasar Sipaniya da [[Tsibirin Kanariyas|Canary Islander]] wanda ya yi ƙaura zuwa Venezuela a shekarun ƙarshe na ƙarni na 19. Mahaifiyarsa, Julia Rodríguez, 'yar wani fitaccen mai filaye ne a garin Rubio kuma jikanyar 'yan gudun hijirar Venezuela waɗanda suka gudu zuwa Andes da Colombia bayan Yaƙin Tarayya, yakin basasar da ya lalata Venezuela a shekarun 1860.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2019}}

Pérez ya yi karatu a Makarantar María Inmaculada da ke Rubio, wacce malaman addinin Dominican ke gudanarwa. Yarintarsa ta yi tsakanin gidan danginsa da ke cikin gari, wani gidan da aka yi da salon mulkin mallaka na Spain, da kuma gidan kofi na mahaifinsa da kakansa na mahaifiyarsa. Saboda tasirin kakansa, mai son tattara littattafai, Pérez ya yi karatu da ƙarfi tun yana ƙarami, ciki har da littattafan gargajiya na Faransa da Sifaniyanci na Jules Verne da Alexandre Dumas . Yayin da yake girma, Pérez ya fahimci siyasa sosai kuma ya sami damar karanta [[Voltaire]], Rousseau, da [[Karl Marx|Marx]] ba tare da sanin iyayensa masu ra'ayin mazan jiya ba.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2019}}

Haɗakar faduwar farashin kofi, takaddamar kasuwanci, da cin zarafi da wasu mayaka da ke kawance da shugaban kama karya Juan Vicente Gómez suka shirya, ya haifar da lalacewar kuɗi da kuma tabarbarewar jiki na Antonio Pérez, wanda ya mutu sakamakon bugun zuciya a shekarar 1936. Wannan lamari ya tilasta wa Julia da 'ya'yanta maza su ƙaura zuwa babban birnin Venezuela, [[Karakas|Caracas]], a shekarar 1939, inda manyan 'yan'uwan Pérez biyu suka je jami'a. Mutuwar mahaifinsa ta yi tasiri sosai ga matashin Perez, wanda hakan ya ƙarfafa imaninsa cewa 'yanci da haƙƙoƙin dimokuraɗiyya su ne kawai garantin da ya sa aka yi amfani da ikon gwamnati ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, kuma azzalumi.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2019}}

A Caracas, Pérez ya yi rajista a ''makarantar Liceo Andrés Bello'', inda ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1944 da babban digiri a fannin Falsafa da Wasiku. A shekarar 1944, ya yi rajista na tsawon shekaru uku a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Tsakiya ta Venezuela da kuma shekara guda a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Kyauta ta Colombia . Duk da haka, ƙara himmar siyasa da yake yi zai hana Pérez kammala karatunsa na lauya.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2019}}

== Rayuwar siyasa ==
[[File:Carlos_Andrés_Pérez,_1975.jpg|left|thumb|250x250px| Carlos Andrés Pérez a lokacin wa'adinsa na farko a kan mulki]]
Rayuwar siyasa ta Carlos Andrés Pérez ta fara ne tun yana ɗan shekara 15, lokacin da ya zama memba na ƙungiyar matasa ta Venezuela kuma memba na jam'iyyar National Democratic Party, waɗanda dukkansu suka yi adawa da gwamnatin danniya ta Janar Eleazar López Contreras, wanda ya gaji mulkin kama-karya na Juan Vicente Gómez a shekarar 1935. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata na farko a yankinsa. Lokacin da ya koma [[Karakas|Caracas]], a shekarar 1939, ya fara harkar siyasa mai cike da tarihi a matsayin shugaban matasa kuma wanda ya kafa jam'iyyar Democratic Action (AD), inda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ƙarni na 20, da farko a matsayin abokin kud da kud da wanda ya kafa jam'iyyar Rómulo Betancourt sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban siyasa a matsayinsa na shugaban ƙasa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2019}}

A watan Oktoban 1945, wani gungun fararen hula da matasa hafsoshin sojoji sun yi makirci kan kifar da gwamnatin da Janar Isaías Medina Angarita ke jagoranta. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 23, an nada Pérez a matsayin Sakataren Sirri na Shugaban Junta, Rómulo Betancourt, kuma ya zama Sakataren Majalisar Ministoci a shekarar 1946. Duk da haka, a shekarar 1948, lokacin da sojoji suka yi juyin mulki a kan gwamnatin Rómulo Gallegos da aka zaɓa ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya, an tilasta wa Pérez yin gudun hijira (zuwa [[Cuba]], [[Panama (ƙasa)|Panama]] da [[Costa Rica]] ) na tsawon shekaru goma. Ya koma Venezuela na ɗan lokaci a ɓoye a shekarar 1952 don kammala ayyukan musamman a yaƙinsa da sabuwar gwamnatin kama-karya. An daure shi a lokuta daban-daban kuma ya shafe sama da shekaru biyu a gidan yari jimilla. A Costa Rica, ya kasance mai himma a da'irar 'yan gudun hijirar siyasa ta Venezuela, ya yi aiki a matsayin Edita a Babban Jaridar ''La República'' kuma ya ci gaba da hulɗa da Betancourt da sauran shugabannin AD.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2019}}

A shekarar 1958, bayan faduwar mulkin kama karya Marcos Pérez Jiménez, Pérez ya koma Venezuela kuma ya shiga cikin sake tsara jam'iyyar AD. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida da Shari'a daga 1959 zuwa 1964  kuma ya yi fice a matsayin minista mai tsauri kuma ɗan siyasa mai wayo wanda ya yi aiki don magance ƙananan tashe-tashen hankula masu tayar da hankali da tsattsauran ra'ayi na 'yan dama da na hagu, na ƙarshe wanda Cuba ke da tasiri a kansa kuma Cuba ke da kuɗaɗen gudanarwa, waɗanda ake gudanarwa a faɗin ƙasar. Wannan muhimmin mataki ne a cikin zaman lafiya a ƙasar a tsakiyar shekarun 1960 zuwa ƙarshenta, da kuma haɗakar jam'iyyu masu tsattsauran ra'ayi cikin tsarin siyasa. Duk da haka, an zargi Pérez da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam a lokacin mulkinsa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2019}}

Bayan ƙarshen gwamnatin Betancourt da kuma zaɓen 1963, Pérez ya bar gwamnati na ɗan lokaci kuma ya sadaukar da kansa ga ƙarfafa goyon bayansa a cikin jam'iyyar. A wannan lokacin, ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar AD a Majalisar Dokoki kuma an zaɓe shi a matsayin Sakatare Janar na jam'iyyar AD, wani muhimmin aiki da ya taka wajen shimfida harsashin burinsa na shugaban ƙasa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2019}}

=== Shugabancin farko ===
[[File:Jimmy_Carter_and_President_Carlos_Perez_tour_the_grounds_at_La_Casona,_Venezuela's_presidential_residence._-_NARA_-_178549.tif|left|thumb|250x250px| Shugaban Amurka [[Jimmy Carter]] da Carlos Andrés Pérez a Caracas, 1978]]
A shekarar 1973, an zaɓi Carlos Andrés Pérez don tsayawa takarar shugabancin jam'iyyar AD. Pérez, matashi kuma mai kuzari, ya gudanar da wani gagarumin kamfen mai cike da nasara, wanda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin na farko da ya yi amfani da ayyukan ƙwararrun masu tallan Amurka da masu ba da shawara kan siyasa a tarihin ƙasar. A lokacin da ake shirin zaɓe, ya ziyarci kusan dukkan ƙauyuka da biranen Venezuela da ƙafa kuma ya yi tafiya sama da kilomita 5800.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=January 2025}} . An zaɓe shi a watan Disamba na wannan shekarar, inda ya sami kashi 48.7% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa a kan kashi 36.7% na babban abokin hamayyarsa. Yawan masu kada kuri'a a waɗannan zaɓukan ya kai kashi 97% na dukkan waɗanda suka cancanci zaɓe, matakin da ba a taɓa cimmawa ba tun lokacin.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2019}}

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da shirin Pérez na gwamnati ya fi mayar da hankali a kai shi ne ra'ayin cewa man fetur kayan aiki ne ga ƙasashe masu tasowa kamar Venezuela don samun matsayi na farko a duniya da kuma samar da tsari mai adalci da daidaito a duniya. Abubuwan da suka faru a ƙasashen duniya, ciki har da Yaƙin Yom Kippur na 1973, sun taimaka wajen aiwatar da wannan hangen nesa. Karin farashin mai mai tsanani a lokacin rikicin makamashi na shekarun 1970 ya haifar da kyakkyawan tattalin arziki ga ƙasar a daidai lokacin da Pérez ya fara wa'adin mulkinsa. Ta amfani da hauhawar farashin mai, Pérez ya ƙarfafa goyon bayansa, yana siyan tallafi ta hanyar tallafawa farashi, ƙara albashi &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Coppedge |first=Michael |date=Summer 1994 |title=Prospects for Democratic Governability in Venezuela |url=https://sites.nd.edu/michael-coppedge/files/2018/01/Prospects-for-Democratic-Governability-in-Venezuela.pdf |journal=[[Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs]] |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=39–64 |doi=10.2307/166173 |jstor=166173}}&lt;/ref&gt; da kuma ninka kashe kuɗin gwamnati sau uku. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=McCoy |first=Jennifer L |last2=Smith |first2=William C. |date=Summer 1995 |title=Democratic disequilibrium in Venezuela |journal=[[Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs]] |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=113 |doi=10.2307/166273 |jstor=166273}}&lt;/ref&gt; Manufofinsa, ciki har da mayar da masana'antun ƙarfe da man fetur na ƙasa. Bayan kafa PDVSA, an ƙirƙiri cin hanci da rashawa a Venezuela a matsayin tsarin mallakar ƙasa . &lt;ref name=&quot;:72&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2021-10-21 |title=Chávez's Bolivarian Republic Viewed With a Quality Lens |url=https://articlegateway.com/index.php/JMPP/article/view/4679 |journal=Journal of Management Policy and Practice |language=en |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=2–3 |doi=10.33423/jmpp.v22i3.4679 |issn=1913-8067}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kuma haɓaka saka hannun jari a manyan ayyukan masana'antu mallakar gwamnati don samar da makamashin aluminum da wutar lantarki, inganta ababen more rayuwa da kuma samar da kuɗaɗen jin daɗin jama'a da shirye-shiryen bayar da tallafin karatu, waɗanda suka haɗa da manyan kuɗaɗen gwamnati, har zuwa kusan {{Nowrap|$53 billion}} . Matakan da ya ɗauka na kare muhalli da kuma haɓaka ci gaba mai ɗorewa sun sami kyautar Kula da Duniya a shekarar 1975, wannan shine karo na farko da wani shugaban Latin Amurka ya sami wannan karramawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2019}}

A fagen ƙasa da ƙasa, Pérez ya goyi bayan manufofin dimokuraɗiyya da na ci gaba a Latin Amurka da ma duniya baki ɗaya. Ya sake kafa dangantakar diflomasiyya da Cuba sannan ya gabatar da kudiri ga Kungiyar Kasashen Amurka (OAS) wanda zai dage takunkumin tattalin arziki da aka kakaba wa kasar. Ya yi adawa da mulkin kama-karya na Somoza da Augusto Pinochet kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kammala yarjejeniyar mika mashigar Panama daga Amurka zuwa ikon Panama. A shekarar 1975, tare da shugaban ƙasar Mexico Luis Echeverría, ya kafa SELA, Tsarin Tattalin Arzikin Latin Amurka, wanda aka ƙirƙira don haɓaka haɗin gwiwar tattalin arziki da musayar kimiyya tsakanin ƙasashen Latin Amurka. Ya kuma goyi bayan tsarin dimokuradiyya a Spain, yayin da ya dawo da Felipe González, wanda ke zaune a gudun hijira, zuwa Spain a cikin jirgin sama na sirri, don haka ya ƙarfafa Jam'iyyar Ma'aikatan Gurguzu ta Spain (PSOE). Bugu da ƙari, ya yi shawarwari kan wata yarjejeniya da Tarayyar Soviet wadda ta bukaci ta samar da mai ga kasuwar Venezuela ta Spain a madadin Venezuela da ta samar da kasuwar Soviet a Cuba.

A ƙarshen wa'adin mulkinsa na farko, Pérez ya fuskanci suka kan kashe kuɗi da yawa daga gwamnati. &lt;ref name=&quot;:72&quot; /&gt; Ana kiran gwamnatinsa da Saudiyya Venezuela saboda girmanta da kuma babban burinta. Bugu da ƙari, akwai zarge-zargen cin hanci da rashawa da fataucin masu tasiri, waɗanda galibi suka shafi membobin ƙungiyar Pérez, kamar uwar gidansa Cecilia Matos, ko kuma masu kuɗi da 'yan kasuwa waɗanda suka ba da gudummawa ga kamfen ɗin zaɓensa, wanda aka sani da &quot; Manzanni Goma Sha Biyu &quot;. Rashin jituwa da aka yi da tsohon mai ba shi shawara Betancourt da kuma membobin AD marasa gamsuwa duk sun nuna raguwar matsayin Pérez a siyasance. A lokacin zaɓen 1978, akwai jin cewa 'yan ƙasa da yawa ba a sarrafa kwararar dalar Amurka ba bayan 1973 yadda ya kamata. Kasar na shigo da kashi 80% na dukkan abincin da ake ci daga waje. Noman da ake nomawa ya tsaya cak. Bashin ƙasa ya yi tashin gwauron zabi. Kuma yayin da kudin shiga ga kowane mutum ya ƙaru kuma wadata ta bayyana a Caracas da sauran manyan biranen ƙasar, ƙasar ta fi tsada kuma wasu tsirarun 'yan ƙasar Venezuela har yanzu suna cikin talauci. Wannan rashin jin daɗi ya haifar da shan kaye a zaɓen 'yan adawa na jam'iyyar Social Christian Party a hannun jam'iyyar AD. Sabon shugaban da aka zaɓa, Luis Herrera Campíns, ya bayyana a jawabinsa na farko cewa &quot;yana gadon ƙasar da aka jinginar da ita.&quot;{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2019}}

==== Bayan zangon karatu na farko ====
[[File:World_Economic_Forum_Annual_Meeting_1989-2.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| Helmut Haussmann, Carlos Andrés Pérez, [[Raymond Barre]], Michel Camdessus da David Campbell Mulford a taron shekara-shekara na taron tattalin arzikin duniya, 1989]]
Carlos Andrés Pérez ya ci gaba da kasancewa babban mutum a harkokin ƙasashen duniya. A shekarar 1980, an zaɓe shi shugaban ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta Latin Amurka. Ya yi aiki tare da shugaban ƙasar Tanzaniya [[Julius Nyerere]] a cikin ƙungiyar Kwamitin Kudu-Kudu. Ya shiga cikin harkokin gurguzu na duniya, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na wa'adi uku a jere, a ƙarƙashin shugabancin Willy Brandt daga Yammacin Jamus. Willy Brandt da Carlos Andrés Pérez, tare da José Francisco Peña Gómez na [[Jamhuriyar Dominika|Jamhuriyar Dominican]], sun faɗaɗa ayyukan ƙungiyar Socialist International daga Turai zuwa Latin Amurka. A shekarar 1988, ya zama memba na Majalisar Shugabannin Gwamnati da aka zaba cikin 'yanci, wanda tsohon Shugaban Amurka, [[Jimmy Carter]], ya kafa. An zaɓe shi a matsayin Shugaban Taron Jami'ar Harvard kan Bashin Ƙasashen Waje a Latin Amurka, a {{Nowrap|September 1989}} ,{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2010}} kuma ya sami tallafin karatu na Henry da Nancy Bartels World Affairs Fellowship a [[Cornell|Jami'ar Cornell]] . 

=== Shugaban ƙasa na biyu ===
[[File:CarlosAndrésPérez_GeorgeH.W.Bush.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| Shugaba Carlos Andrés Pérez tare da Shugaban Amurka George HW Bush a lokacin ziyarar da ya kai [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] a wa'adin mulkinsa na biyu]]
Ya kafa yakin neman zaben Venezuela na 1988 bisa ga gadonsa na yalwa a lokacin shugabancinsa na farko &lt;ref name=&quot;Marquez131&quot;&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Márquez|Sanabria|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma da farko ya ƙi manufofin 'yantar da jama'a.     Asusun ajiyar kuɗi na ƙasashen waje na Venezuela ya kai dala $300 kacal&amp;nbsp;miliyan a lokacin zaɓen Pérez a matsayin shugaban ƙasa; Pérez ya yanke shawarar mayar da martani ga bashin, kashe kuɗin gwamnati, ƙuntatawa a fannin tattalin arziki da kuma gwamnatin da ke da hayar gidaje ta hanyar 'yantar da tattalin arzikin. &lt;ref name=&quot;Marquez131&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:122&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Venezuela's Chavez Era |url=https://www.cfr.org/timeline/venezuelas-chavez-era |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517003924/https://www.cfr.org/timeline/venezuelas-chavez-era |archive-date=May 17, 2022 |access-date=2021-04-09 |website=[[Council on Foreign Relations]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:222&quot; /&gt; Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya (IMF) ya bai wa Venezuela rancen dala {{Nowrap|4.5 billion}} tare da sharadin aiwatar da matakan tsuke bakin aljihu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:72&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;:022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Lander |first=Edgardo |last2=Fierro |first2=Luis A. |date=Jul 1996 |title=The Impact of Neoliberal Adjustment in Venezuela, 1989-1993 |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0094582X9602300304 |journal=Latin American Perspectives |language=en |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=50–73 |doi=10.1177/0094582X9602300304 |issn=0094-582X |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Carlos Andrés ya sanar da majalisar ministocin fasaha da kuma ƙungiyar manufofin tattalin arziki don gyara rashin daidaiton tattalin arziki mai suna ''[[:es:El Gran Viraje|El Gran Viraje]]'' ( English:   ), waɗanda masu suka suka kira su da ''El Paquetazo Económico'' ( English:   ). &lt;ref name=&quot;Marquez132&quot;&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Márquez|Sanabria|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Rivero102&quot;&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Rivero|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Pérez ya aiwatar da irin waɗannan gyare-gyare ba tare da goyon bayan ƙungiyoyin siyasa ba, ciki har da jam'iyyarsa ta AD, &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=López Maya |first=Margarita |date=February 2003 |title=The Venezuelan &quot;Caracazo&quot; of 1989: Popular Protest and Institutional Weakness |journal=[[Journal of Latin American Studies]] |language=en |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=117–137 |doi=10.1017/S0022216X02006673 |s2cid=145292996 |quote=In this regard, the Caracazo was not such a spontaneous outburst as is commonly believed. We have found that anti-neoliberal student protest had been building in the previous days in Merida as well as other cities.}}&lt;/ref&gt; wanda ya haifar da toshe manufofinsa na gaba a Majalisa tare da janye goyon bayansa,  inda mutane da yawa suka ɗauki shirin a matsayin cin amana. &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Romero |first=Anibal |date=1997 |title=Rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic: The agony of democracy in Venezuela |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_latin-american-research-review_1997_32_1/page/7 |journal=[[Latin American Research Review]] |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=7–36 |doi=10.1017/S002387910003764X}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga cikin manufofin akwai rage tallafin mai da kuma ƙara kuɗin sufuri na jama'a da kashi talatin cikin ɗari (VEB 16 Venezuelan bolívares, ko US$0.4). &lt;ref name=&quot;Marquez132&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Rivero102&quot; /&gt;  An yi tsammanin za a aiwatar da ƙarin a ranar 1 ga Maris 1989, amma direbobin bas sun yanke shawarar ƙara farashin a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, kwana ɗaya kafin ranar albashi a Venezuela. A martanin da aka mayar, zanga-zanga da tarzoma sun fara ne a safiyar ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 1989 a Guarenas, wani gari kusa da Caracas, wanda aka sani da El Caracazo .    &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Rashin shiga tsakani a kan lokaci daga hukumomi, yayin da [[:es:Policía Metropolitana de Caracas|'Yan sandan Metropolitan na Caracas]] ke yajin aikin kwadago, ya haifar da zanga-zangar da tarzoma ta bazu cikin sauri zuwa babban birnin da sauran garuruwa a faɗin ƙasar. &lt;ref name=&quot;:72&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:022&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Rivero109&quot;&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Rivero|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;   &lt;ref name=&quot;:122&quot; /&gt; Martanin ya haifar da ayyana dokar ta-baci kuma ya haifar da mace-mace da dama, tun daga kiyasin hukuma na mutuwar mutane 277 &lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Rivero|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; zuwa kiyasin da ba na hukuma ba na har zuwa 5,000,  lokacin tashin hankali mafi muni a tarihin dimokuradiyya na Venezuela. &lt;ref name=&quot;:022&quot; /&gt; An danganta mutuwar ne da aiwatar da Shirin Ávila da Pérez ya yi, wanda ya haifar da kashe masu zanga-zanga.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=TalCual |first=Opinión |date=2021-11-15 |title=Del plan Ávila al plan Zamora, por Beltrán Vallejo |url=https://talcualdigital.com/del-plan-avila-al-plan-zamora-por-beltran-vallejo/ |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=[[Tal Cual]] |language=es |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231115230153/https://talcualdigital.com/del-plan-avila-al-plan-zamora-por-beltran-vallejo/ |archive-date=2023-11-15 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Amnesty International]] da [[Sa-ido akan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|Human Rights Watch]] sun ruwaito cewa [['Yancin Dan Adam da na siyasa a Venezuela|haƙƙin ɗan adam a Venezuela]] ya tabarbare a lokacin gwamnatin Pérez, inda ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙarshe suka rubuta a shekarar 1993 cewa &quot;lokacin mulkinsa ya kasance da ƙaruwar keta haƙƙin ɗan adam, gami da tsare mutane ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, azabtarwa, yanke hukunci ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, danne zanga-zangar jama'a da zanga-zanga.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=1993 |title=Venezuela: The Eclipse of Human Rights |url=https://www.amnesty.org/fr/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/amr530071993en.pdf |website=[[Amnesty International]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 1993 |title=Human Rights in Venezuela |url=https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/Venez93O.pdf |website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Azabtarwa a Venezuela a lokacin gwamnatin Carlos Andrés Pérez abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare a cewar Amnesty International, inda kungiyar ta ce yayin da gwamnati da dokokinta suka yi Allah wadai da cin zarafin 'yancin ɗan adam, hukumomi har yanzu suna yin hanyoyin azabtarwa waɗanda &quot;suka kasance masu sauƙi amma masu rikitarwa: an tsara su ne don haifar da mummunan ciwo tare da mafi ƙarancin maki.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta ƙara da cewa talakawa 'yan ƙasa, ciki har da ƙananan yara, galibi ana azabtar da su ne daga hare-haren 'yan sanda da [[Kamu da tsarewa ba bisa ka'ida ba|tsare su ba bisa ƙa'ida ba]], daga baya ana azabtar da su a lokuta da dama. &lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;

A ƙarshen shekarar 1991, gwamnatin Carlos Andrés Pérez ta sami jimillar dala $2.287.&amp;nbsp;biliyan saboda gyare-gyaren da aka yi wa kamfanonin kera kayayyaki. &lt;ref name=&quot;Rivero180&quot;&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Rivero|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gwanjon da ya fi shahara shine kamfanin sadarwa na CANTV 's, wanda aka sayar akan farashin dala Amurka $1.885.&amp;nbsp;biliyan ga ƙungiyar da ta ƙunshi American AT&amp;amp;amp;T International, General Telephone Electronic da kuma Venezuelan Electricidad de Caracas da Banco Mercantil . Katangewar da aka yi wa Venezuela ta kawo ƙarshen ikon mallakar sadarwa da ya wuce hasashen da aka yi, inda aka sayar da sama da dala 1.&amp;nbsp;biliyan sama da farashin tushe da kuma dala 500 na Amurka&amp;nbsp;fiye da miliyan fiye da tayin da mai fafatawa da shi na gaba ya bayar. &lt;ref name=&quot;Rivero179&quot;&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Rivero|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zuwa ƙarshen shekara, hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya ragu zuwa kashi 31%, yanzu asusun ajiyar kuɗi na ƙasashen duniya na Venezuela ya kai dala Amurka $14&amp;nbsp;biliyan kuma akwai ci gaban tattalin arziki na kashi 9% (wanda ake kira &quot;ci gaban Asiya&quot;), mafi girma a Latin Amurka a lokacin. &lt;ref name=&quot;Rivero180&quot; /&gt; Gabaɗaya, sakamakon manufofin 'yanci sun gauraye; &lt;ref name=&quot;:022&quot; /&gt; zuwa 1992 an mayar da nasarorin da yawa, hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya kasance tsakanin kashi talatin zuwa arba'in cikin ɗari kuma Venezuela ba ta daidaita tattalin arziki ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;:022&quot; /&gt;  Babban abin da aka cimma a wannan lokacin shi ne cewa Venezuela ta sami damar biyan basussukan ƙasashen duniya. &lt;ref name=&quot;:022&quot; /&gt;

A shekarar 1992, gwamnatinsa ta tsira daga yunkurin juyin mulki sau biyu . An yi yunƙurin farko a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu 1992, kuma Laftanar Kanar [[Hugo Chávez]] ne ya jagorance shi, wanda daga baya aka zaɓe shi a matsayin shugaban ƙasa. Da yake yunkurin ya gaza a fili, an yi wa Chávez kallon wanda ya fi shahara a ƙasar lokacin da aka ba shi damar bayyana kai tsaye a talabijin na ƙasar don yin kira ga sauran ƙungiyoyin 'yan tawaye da su dakatar da yaƙin. Lokacin da ya yi haka, Chávez ya shahara a talabijin na ƙasa cewa ya gaza ne kawai a &quot; ''por ahora'' &quot;—&quot;a yanzu&quot;. Tawaye na biyu, kuma mafi muni, ya faru ne a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1992, inda aka samu mace-mace da yawa fiye da na farko. Rahotanni da dama na yadda ake azabtar da masu adawa da siyasa, masu fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a da kuma ɗalibai sun faru ne a lokacin da Pérez ya dakatar da garantin kundin tsarin mulki. &lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;

=== Tsigewa ===
A ranar 20 ga Maris 1993, Babban Lauyan Gwamnati [[:es:Ramón Escovar Salom|Ramón Escovar Salom]] ya gabatar da ƙara a kan Pérez saboda satar kuɗi na bolivar {{Nowrap|250 million}} mallakar wani asusun gwamnati na musamman, ko kuma ''sakatariyar partida'' . An fara gabatar da wannan batu ga jama'a a {{Nowrap|November 1992}} ta hannun ɗan jarida José Vicente Rangel . An yi amfani da kuɗin wajen tsoma baki a babban zaɓen Nicaragua na 1990,   &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Laureano Márquez}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma a lokacin wannan tsari an gano cewa an yi amfani da kuɗin wajen tallafawa da kuma hayar masu tsaron lafiyar Shugaba [[Violeta Chamorro]] .  A ranar 21 ga Mayu 1993, Kotun Koli ta yi la'akari da cewa zargin ya yi daidai, kuma washegari Majalisar Dattawa ta kada kuri'ar kwace wa Pérez kariyar da ke hannunsa. Yawancin waɗanda ke Majalisar Dattawa waɗanda suka goyi bayan tsige Pérez 'yan jam'iyyar AD ne.  Pérez ya ƙi yin murabus, amma bayan matsakaicin hutun wucin gadi na kwanaki 90 da Shugaban ƙasa ya samu a ƙarƙashin Sashe na 188 na kundin tsarin mulkin 1961, Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa ta cire Pérez daga mukaminsa na dindindin a ranar 31 ga Agusta. &lt;ref name=&quot;Kada&quot; /&gt;

== Bayan shugabancin ƙasa ==
An kammala shari'ar Pérez a watan Mayu na shekarar 1996, kuma an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin watanni 28 a gidan yari. 

A shekarar 1998, an sake gurfanar da shi a gaban kotu, a wannan karon bisa zargin satar kudaden gwamnati, wanda ake zarginsa da boye asusun ajiyar banki na hadin gwiwa a New York tare da uwar gidansa, Cecilia Matos. Kafin shari'ar, an zaɓe shi zuwa Majalisar Dattawan Venezuela don Jiharsa ta Táchira, bisa ga zaɓen sabuwar jam'iyyar da ya kafa, ''Movimiento de Apertura y Participación Nacional'' (Apertura), don haka ya sami kariya daga gurfanarwa. Duk da haka, yayin da sabon Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Venezuela na 1999 ya amince da shi ya rusa Majalisar Dattawa kuma ya ƙirƙiri Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa mai zaman kanta, Pérez ya rasa kujerarsa. A shekarar 1999, ya sake tsayawa takarar Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa, amma bai samu kujera ba. A ranar 20 ga Disamba 2001, yayin da yake Jamhuriyar Dominican, wata kotu a Caracas ta ba da umarnin a tsare shi, bisa zargin satar kudaden gwamnati. A ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2002, an nemi a mika shi ga hukuma. &lt;ref name=&quot;CIDOB&quot;&gt;{{In lang|es}} [http://www.cidob.org/es/documentacion/biografias_lideres_politicos/america_del_sur/venezuela/carlos_andres_perez_rodriguez Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodríguez' biography, CIDOB]&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan haka, ya yi gudun hijira a [[Miami|Miami, Florida]], inda daga nan ya zama abokin hamayyar Shugaba [[Hugo Chávez|Hugo Chavez]] . A ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2003, yana da shekaru 80, ya kamu da bugun jini wanda ya sa ya zama nakasasshe.  A lokacin da yake Miami, bayan rikicin Daktari Ranch, Pérez ya ce makircin ƙarya ne amma dole ne a cire Chávez da ƙarfi, yana mai cewa &quot;Chávez ya ƙi duk hanyoyin fita cikin lumana da aka gabatar masa&quot; kuma &quot;ba wai ina goyon bayan tashin hankali ba ne, amma babu wata hanyar fita daga Chavez&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2004-05-12 |title=Ex presidente y líder de oposición llaman a la rebelión en Venezuela |url=https://www.eluniverso.com/2004/05/12/0001/14/1A14DFACF79E4636A9DF50410446BAB5.html |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=[[El Universo]] |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2004-05-11 |title=EU rechaza patrocine golpe contra Chávez |url=https://hoy.com.do/eu-rechaza-patrocine-golpe-contra-chavez/ |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=Hoy Digital |language=en |quote=Pérez aseguró que «en estos momentos no hay algún complot contra Chávez, pero hay que sacarlo por la fuerza».&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En Venezuela «no se presentará un nuevo caracazo», pero «inevitablemente habrá muertos, como en toda acción armada», advirtió el ex presidente venezolano en declaraciones desde Miami a la privada radio Caracol de Bogotá.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;«Chávez ha rechazado todas las salidas pacíficas que se le han presentado. De manera que ya no queda sino el último recurso: la violencia», agregó Pérez, tras insistir en que «no es que yo sea partidario de la violencia, sino que no hay otro camino para salir de Chávez».}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2009, babban lauyan Venezuela Luisa Ortega Díaz ya ba da umarnin a fitar da Pérez saboda aiwatar da shirin Ávila . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |date=30 September 2009 |title=Extradition of Former Venezuelan President Requested |url=https://www.americasquarterly.org/blog/extradition-of-former-venezuelan-president-requested/ |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=[[Americas Quarterly]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta sirri ==
Yana da shekaru 26 ya auri 'yar uwarsa ta farko Blanca Rodríguez wanda ta haifi 'ya'ya shida: Sonia, Thais, Martha, Carlos Manuel, María de Los Angeles da María Carolina. A ƙarshen shekarun 1960, ya fara wata dangantaka ta aure da sakatariyarsa ta wancan lokacin [[Cecilia Matos]] . Ya kuma haifi 'ya'ya mata biyu tare da Cecilia, María Francia da Cecilia Victoria Pérez, yayin da ya auri Blanca Rodríguez. Matos ta zama shahararriya a siyasar Venezuela tun daga shekarun 1970, har zuwa shekarun 1990, sakamakon jita-jitar cin hanci da rashawa da safarar mutane ya ta'allaka ne akan matsayinta na uwargidan Shugaban Kasa. Irin waɗannan zarge-zargen cin hanci da rashawa sun yi wa matsayin Pérez na siyasa illa. 

Duk da cewa Pérez ya fara shari'ar saki a kan matarsa a shekarar 1998, shari'ar ta gaza kuma aka dakatar da ita. Har zuwa rasuwarsa, Pérez ya ci gaba da auren Blanca bisa doka duk da cewa yana zaune a gudun hijira tun 1998 tare da Matos, inda ya raba lokacinsa tsakanin gidansa da ke Miami, Jamhuriyar Dominican da New York. A shekara ta 2003, ya yi fama da bugun jini mai rauni wanda ya shafi tunaninsa da kuma ƙarfin jikinsa sosai. A ranar 31 ga Maris 2008, babban sakataren Acción Democrática, Henry Ramos Allup, ya sanar da cewa Pérez yana son komawa Venezuela daga gudun hijira, don yin shekarunsa na ƙarshe a Caracas. &lt;ref name=&quot;AE&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Union Radio |date=1 April 2008 |title=Ex presidente Carlos Andrés Pérez desea regresar a Venezuela |url=http://www.unionradio.com.ve/Noticias/Noticia.aspx?noticiaid=236566 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080405140656/http://www.unionradio.com.ve/Noticias/Noticia.aspx?noticiaid=236566 |archive-date=5 April 2008 |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mutuwa ==
[[File:Funeral_of_Carlos_Andrés_Pérez.jpg|thumb|200x200px| Jana'izar Carlos Andrés Pérez a Caracas]]
A ranar 25 ga Disamba 2010, an garzaya da Pérez zuwa Asibitin Mercy da ke [[Miami]], inda ya mutu a wannan rana. Da farko an ruwaito cewa musabbabin mutuwar shine bugun zuciya, &lt;ref name=&quot;FC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 December 2010 |title=Falleció el ex presidente Carlos Andrés Pérez |url=http://www.eluniversal.com/2010/12/25/pol_ava_fallecio-en-el-ex-pr_25A4897053.shtml |access-date=25 December 2010 |website=El Universal |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt; amma daga baya an ayyana cewa &quot;gazawar numfashi ne&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Salomon |first=Gisela |title=Venezuelan ex-president Carlos Andres Perez dies |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/12/25/1988555/venezuelan-ex-president-carlos.html |access-date=26 December 2010 |publisher=Miami Herald |agency=AP}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga baya ya bayyana cewa 'ya'yan Blanca Rodríguez da Pérez mata huɗu da ɗansu sun sami labarin mutuwar Pérez daga wani gidan yanar gizo, domin Matos ko 'ya'yanta mata ba su sanar da su game da rasuwar ba. Chávez ya yi ta'aziyya, amma ya yi tsokaci cewa yana fatan tsarin mulkin Pérez ba zai dawo ƙasar ba: &quot;Allah Ya huta lafiya. Amma tare da shi.&quot;&amp;nbsp;... Allah ya sa tsarin siyasar da ya siffanta ta ya kasance cikin kwanciyar hankali ya kuma bar nan har abada.&quot; 

'Yan uwan Pérez a Miami sun ce za a binne Pérez a Miami kuma ba su da niyyar mayar da gawarsa zuwa Venezuela har sai Chávez ya daina kan mulki.  Kasa da sa'o'i 24 kafin jana'izar, wakilan lauyoyi na Blanca Rodríguez sun sami umarnin kotu na dakatar da bikin. Umarnin ya dogara ne akan haƙƙin doka na Blanca Rodríguez a matsayin bazawara ga Pérez na tantance inda za a binne shi. An ruwaito cewa dangin Miami sun amince da buƙatarta ta mayar da gawar Pérez ga Venezuela  amma daga baya sun musanta cewa sun cimma yarjejeniya. 

A ranar 4 ga Oktoba 2011, an dawo da gawar Pérez zuwa Venezuela, watanni tara bayan mutuwarsa. Akwatin ya iso ne a cikin jirgin sama daga Atlanta, Georgia, tare da rakiyar Magajin Garin Caracas Antonio Ledezma, abokin Pérez kuma memba na Democratic Action (AD). Da zarar an isa Caracas, an kai shi hedikwatar AD, inda sama da mutane 5,000 suka jira su ga akwatin gawar da kuma akwatin da aka lulluɓe da tutar Venezuela. An binne gawar Pérez a ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 2011.  Cecilia Matos ta mutu a [[Bogotá]], Colombia, sakamakon matsalolin koda da na numfashi tana da shekaru 66. Mutuwarta ta zo ne kwanaki 25 bayan an binne Pérez, bayan takaddamar iyali da ta daɗe tana tasowa game da inda ya kamata a binne shi a ƙarshe.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2016}}

== A cikin al'adun jama'a ==
Fim ɗin shirin gaskiya mai suna ''CAP 2 Intentos'' ( ''Turanci:'' CAP 2 Attempts), wanda [[:es:Carlos Oteyza|Carlos Oteyza]] ya jagoranta, ya mayar da hankali kan wa'adin shugabancin Andrés Pérez guda biyu ba tare da an jera su ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ganadores del premio Algo de Cine |url=https://www.grancine.net/noticias-detalle.php?id=7628 |access-date=3 August 2021}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga baya Oteyza ta fitar da wani shirin gaskiya, ''[[CAP Inédito]]'' (CAP Unedited), wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwan da ba a taɓa bugawa ba a baya kuma daga ra'ayin sirri. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-10-03 |title=Documental sobre Carlos Andrés Pérez llega a YouTube |url=https://www.diariolasamericas.com/cultura/documental-carlos-andres-perez-llega-youtube-n5344328 |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=[[Diario las Américas]] |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daraja ==

=== Girmamawar ƙasashen waje ===

* {{Flag|Italy}}  :
** [[File:Cordone_di_gran_Croce_di_Gran_Cordone_OMRI_BAR.svg|70x70px]]Knight Grand Cross tare da abin wuya na Order of Merit na Jamhuriyar Italiya (17 Nuwamba 1976) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Le onorificenze della Repubblica Italiana |url=https://www.quirinale.it/onorificenze/insigniti/35601 |access-date=2019-10-27 |website=www.quirinale.it}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Flag|Portugal}}  :
** [[File:PRT_Order_of_Saint_James_of_the_Sword_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.png|70x70px]]Babban abin wuya na rundunar Soja ta Saint James ta takobi (1 ga Yuni 1977) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ENTIDADES ESTRANGEIRAS AGRACIADAS COM ORDENS PORTUGUESAS - Página Oficial das Ordens Honoríficas Portuguesas |url=http://www.ordens.presidencia.pt/?idc=154&amp;list=1 |access-date=2019-10-27 |website=www.ordens.presidencia.pt}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Flag|Spain}}  :
** [[File:Order_of_Charles_III_-_Sash_of_Collar.svg|70x70px]]Akwatin Aljihu na Odar Charles na III (6 ga Satumba 1978) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=BOE.es - Documento BOE-A-1978-23372 |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1978-23372 |access-date=2019-10-27 |website=www.boe.es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Flagu|Malaysia}} :
** [[File:MY_Darjah_Utama_Seri_Mahkota_Negara_(Crown_of_the_Realm)_-_DMN.svg|70x70px]]Mai Karɓar Girmamawa na Order of the Crown of the Kingdom (1990) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Semakan Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang, dan Pingat Persekutuan. |url=http://www.istiadat.gov.my/index.php/component/semakanlantikanskp/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719195551/http://www.istiadat.gov.my/index.php/component/semakanlantikanskp |archive-date=19 July 2019 |access-date=15 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Flag|Jamaica}}  :
** [[File:Order_of_Jamaica.gif|70x70px]]Memba Mai Girma na Order of Jamaica &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Order of Jamaica |url=https://jis.gov.jm/information/awards/order-of-jamaica/ |access-date=2019-10-27 |website=jis.gov.jm}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Flag|Yugoslavia}} 
** [[Fayil:Order_of_the_Yugoslavian_Great_Star_Rib.png|70x70px]]Tsarin Tauraron Yugoslavia Mai Girma &lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |date=17 September 1976 |title=Одликувања |url=http://www.slvesnik.com.mk/Issues/7C2E1D1E96FE4CC7B2E5F6331E656D7A.pdf |journal=Službeni list SFRJ |volume=XXXII |issue=41 |pages=1272}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=19 March 1976 |title=Идеје Симона Боливара имају трајну вредност |url=https://istorijskenovine.unilib.rs/view/index.html#panel:pp&amp;#124;issue:UB_00064_19760319&amp;#124;page:1&amp;#124;query:%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0 |journal=Borba |pages=1}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* Jerin sunayen shugabannin Venezuela
* Jerin ministocin harkokin cikin gida na Venezuela
* Jerin gwamnonin Gundumar Tarayya ta Venezuela

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2010]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Burnley FC Mata</title>
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'''Kungiyar Mata ta Burnley FC''' kungiya ce [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata|ta kwallon kafa ta mata]] ta Ingila daga Burnley, Lancashire, wacce ke da alaƙa da Burnley Football Club . Tun daga farkonta a shekarar 1995 har zuwa 2018, an santa da '''Burnley FC Girls and Ladies''' . Ƙungiyar tana fafatawa a gasar Women's Super League 2, wato mataki na biyu a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata a Ingila, bayan da ta samu ci gaba daga gasar FA Women's National League a shekarar 2025–26 .

== Tarihi ==
An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1995 ta hannun John Lister, kuma lokaci ya yi da za a bai wa 'yar asalin garinsu kuma mai tsaron gida ta Ingila Rachel Brown-Finnis damar shiga ƙungiyar tun tana ƙarama.  Da farko ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi mata 15, waɗanda suka yi horo a tsohon rumbun wasanni da ke Turf Moor kuma suka buga wasannin gida a cibiyar horar da ƙungiyar da ke Gawthorpe . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Milne-Redhead |first=Tim |title=Club History |url=http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/burnleyfcladies/a/club-history-43733.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703184902/http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/burnleyfcladies/a/club-history-43733.html |archive-date=3 July 2017 |access-date=6 July 2015 |website=Burnley FC Girls &amp; Ladies |publisher=Pitchero}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan rugujewar Lancashire League, ƙungiyar ta shiga gasar mata ta yankin Arewa maso Yamma . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=North West Womens Regional League |url=http://fulltime.thefa.com/DisplayTeam.do;jsessionid=2E20EFC371615C577CA8F0ED59F00FBF?teamID=8966198&amp;divisionseason=168135286 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723034805/http://fulltime.thefa.com/DisplayTeam.do;jsessionid=2E20EFC371615C577CA8F0ED59F00FBF?teamID=8966198&amp;divisionseason=168135286 |archive-date=23 July 2015 |access-date=6 July 2015 |website=Full-Time League Administration |publisher=The Football Association}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ƙungiyar ta kafa ƙungiyar matasa tun daga farko. Grahame Meeks da Peter Cooper sun kafa ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 10 jim kaɗan bayan an kafa ƙungiyar farko. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; An kafa wannan tsarin matasa ne tun shekaru da yawa, domin ƙarfafa 'yan wasa na kowane zamani da iyawa su rungumi ƙwallon ƙafa, ciki har da Naomi Hartley, 'yar wasan Ingila. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tinniswood |first=Steve |date=21 October 2014 |title=Brunshaw girl Naomi delighted as Manchester United sign her up |url=http://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/sport/11549290.Brunshaw_girl_Naomi_delighted_as_Manchester_United_sign_her_up/?ref=mr |access-date=23 February 2017 |website=Lancashire Telegraph}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2016-17, an mayar da gudanarwa da gudanar da ƙungiyar zuwa ƙungiyar Burnley FC a cikin Community. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, a gasar cin kofin mata ta 2017–18 ta FA, kungiyar ta lashe wasanni uku na farko don samun cancantar shiga zagaye na farko a karon farko a tarihinta. Burnley ta kai zagaye na uku, inda ƙungiyar Cardiff City mai matsayi na uku ta fitar da ita.  Burnley ta samu gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin mata ta FA Division One North a karshen kakar wasa daya. A shekarar 2018, an sake wa ƙungiyar suna zuwa Burnley FC Women, kuma a karon farko an buƙaci 'yan wasa na kowane zamani su yi shawarwari kan gwaji don wakiltar ƙungiyar. A kakar wasa ta 2018–19, ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar kuma an ɗaukaka ta zuwa gasar FA Women's National League North, mataki na uku a ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Ingila.

A watan Fabrairun 2021, an sanar da cewa za a haɗa ƙungiyar mata da ƙungiyar Burnley FC, yayin da sabon mai kulob ɗin ɗan Amurka Alan Pace ya nemi ya mayar da ƙungiyar mata ƙwararre . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 February 2021 |title=Burnley women's team amalgamated into club, aim to turn professional |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11708/12214611/burnley-womens-team-amalgamated-into-club-aim-to-turn-professional |access-date=11 February 2021 |publisher=Sky Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; Watanni da dama bayan haka, Burnley ta zama ƙungiya ta farko ta Burtaniya da ta nuna wasanninta na gida a manhajar raba bidiyo [[TikTok|ta TikTok]], inda ƙungiyar ta sami masu kallo miliyan ɗaya akan TikTok kai tsaye a watan Afrilun 2023.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGee |first=Sarah |date=12 April 2023 |title=Burnley FC Women hit one million views on TikTok live videos |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/23448182.burnley-fc-women-hit-one-million-views-tiktok-live-videos/ |access-date=30 April 2023 |website=Lancashire Telegraph}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar mata ta Burnley ta buga wasanta na farko a Turf Moor a ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2023, inda ta yi nasara da ci 2-1 a kan Liverpool Feds a gaban magoya baya kusan 3,000. Wasan ƙarshe ne na kakar lig ta 2022–23, inda Burnley ta kare a matsayi na uku a gasar FA Women's National League North. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 April 2023 |title=Women's Report: Burnley 2–1 Liverpool Feds |url=https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/content/womens-report-burnley-2-1-liverpool-feds |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230430201007/https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/content/womens-report-burnley-2-1-liverpool-feds |archive-date=30 April 2023 |access-date=30 April 2023 |publisher=Burnley F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Frith |first=Wilf |date=30 April 2023 |title=Nottingham Forest Women win FAWNL Northern Premier title |url=https://shekicks.net/nottingham-forest-women-win-fawnl-northern-premier-title/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230430212729/https://shekicks.net/nottingham-forest-women-win-fawnl-northern-premier-title/ |archive-date=30 April 2023 |access-date=30 April 2023 |website=She Kicks}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun inganta kakar wasa mai zuwa, inda suka kare a matsayi na biyu a teburin gasar da Newcastle United . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Table – Northern Premier Division |url=https://fulltime.thefa.com/table.html?selectedSeason=356974228&amp;selectedDivision=791437077&amp;ftsTablePageContent.fixtureAnalysisForm.standingsTableDay=30&amp;ftsTablePageContent.fixtureAnalysisForm.standingsTableMonth=4&amp;ftsTablePageContent.fixtureAnalysisForm.standingsTableYear=2024&amp;activeTab=2 |access-date=26 April 2026 |publisher=The Football Association}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kungiyar mata ta Burnley ta zama cikakkiyar ƙwararriya daga kakar wasa ta 2025-26 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Scrafton |first=Matt |date=22 May 2025 |title=Burnley Women to turn full-time professional and offer to fill Blackburn Rovers void in Women's Super League 2 |url=https://www.burnleyexpress.net/sport/football/burnley-women-to-turn-full-time-professional-and-offer-to-fill-blackburn-rovers-void-in-womens-super-league-2-5141461 |access-date=22 May 2025 |website=Burnley Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar ta nada Matt Beard a matsayin kocinta a watan Yunin 2025. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sanders |first=Emma |date=19 June 2025 |title=Beard named manager of Burnley women |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/c4gd0jg0eyeo |access-date=20 June 2025 |publisher=BBC Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Agusta, bayan wasanni huɗu kacal da ya yi a matsayin kocin, Burnley ta tabbatar da cewa Beard ya zaɓi yin murabus daga matsayinsa don bin wasu damarmaki, inda ya sanya shi hutun aikin lambu na tsawon watanni uku, kuma ƙungiyar ta riga ta fara neman sabon koci. An naɗa kocin ƙungiyar farko Louise Roberts a matsayin manaja ta riƙo . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 August 2025 |title=Burnley FC Women's update – Beard placed on gardening leave |url=https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/content/burnley-fc-womens-update-beard-placed-on-gardening-leave |access-date=27 August 2025 |publisher=Burnley F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; An naɗa Ross Wallace a matsayin magajin Roberts a watan Fabrairun 2026, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 February 2026 |title=Ross Wallace appointed interim Women's team coach |url=https://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/content/ross-wallace-appointed-interim-womens-team-coach |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260314121510/https://burnleyfootballclub.com/content/ross-wallace-appointed-interim-womens-team-coach |archive-date=14 March 2026 |access-date=26 April 2026 |publisher=Burnley F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma a ƙarƙashin jagorancinsa, Burnley ta kawo ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2025–26 a matsayi na farko kuma ta sami ci gaba zuwa mataki na biyu—Tawagar [[Super League na Mata 2|Mata ta Super League 2]] —a karon farko a tarihin ƙungiyar. Sun ci gaba da kasancewa ba tare da an doke su ba a duk tsawon kakar wasa kuma an zura musu kwallaye 5 kacal a wasanni 22. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Scrafton |first=Matt |date=26 April 2026 |title=Burnley Women see off Stoke City to seal incredible history-making promotion |url=https://www.burnleyexpress.net/sport/football/burnley-women-see-off-stoke-city-to-seal-incredible-history-making-promotion-7696681 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260426174747/https://www.burnleyexpress.net/sport/football/burnley-women-see-off-stoke-city-to-seal-incredible-history-making-promotion-7696681 |archive-date=26 April 2026 |access-date=26 April 2026 |website=Burnley Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== 'Yan wasa ==

=== Tawagar ƙungiya ta farko ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|-
! No. !! Pos. !! Nation !! Player !! No. !! Pos. !! Nation !! Player
|-
| 2 || DF || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Charley Docherty]] || 17 || MF || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Millie Chandarana]]
|-
| 3 || DF || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Emma Siddall]] || 18 || FW || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Rachel Williams]]
|-
| 4 || MF || {{flagicon|NIR}} NIR || [[Brenna McPartlan]] || 19 || MF || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Charlie Chadwick]]
|-
| 5 || DF || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Deanna Cooper]] || 20 || DF || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Maddi Wilde]]
|-
| 6 || MF || {{flagicon|IRL}} IRL || [[Tyler Toland]] || 21 || FW || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Charlie Wellings]]
|-
| 7 || FW || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Heidi Logan]] || 22 || DF || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Alethea Paul]]
|-
| 8 || MF || {{flagicon|IRL}} IRL || [[Jamie Finn]] || 23 || DF || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Naomi Hartley]]
|-
| 9 || FW || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Claudia Mummery-Walker]] || 24 || MF || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Brooke Cairns]]
|-
| 10 || MF || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Christie Harrison-Murray]] ''(captain)'' || 25 || GK || {{flagicon|NIR}} NIR || [[Jackie Burns]]
|-
| 11 || DF || {{flagicon|IRL}} IRL || [[Kiera Sena]] || 28 || GK || {{flagicon|SCO}} SCO || [[Kirstie Levell]]
|-
| 13 || DF || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Jade Richards]] || 44 || FW || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Leah Galton]]
|-
| 14 || DF || {{flagicon|IRL}} IRL || [[Jessica Hennessy]] || colspan=&quot;4&quot; |
|}

=== An ba da rance ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|-
! No. !! Pos. !! Nation !! Player
|-
| 1 || GK || {{flagicon|ENG}} ENG || [[Eva Spencer]] ''(at Hull City until 30 June 2027)''
|-
| 27 || GK || {{flagicon|IRL}} IRL || [[Naoisha McAloon]] ''(at Liverpool Feds until 30 June 2027)''
|}


== Daraja ==

=== Gasar League ===
Ƙungiyar Mata ta Ƙasa ta FA

* Ƙungiyar Premier ta Arewa (mataki na 3)
** Masu Nasara: 2025–26
** Na biyu: 2023–24
* Sashe na Daya Arewa (mataki na 4)
** Masu Nasara: 2018–19

Gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta yankin Arewa maso Yamma

* Gasar Premier (mataki na 5)
** Masu Nasara: 2017–18
* Kashi na Biyu (mataki na 6)
** Masu Nasara: 2004–05
* Kashi na Uku (mataki na 7)
** Masu Nasara: 2003–04

=== Kofi ===
Gasar Cin Kofin Manyan Mata ta Lancashire FA

* Masu Nasara: 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25

Gasar Cin Kofin Kalubalen Mata ta Lancashire FA

* Masu Nasara: 2021–22

== Nassoshi ==</text>
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    <title>Calgary Flames</title>
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Ƙungiyar wasan hockey '''ta Calgary Flames''' ƙwararriyar ƙungiya ce ta wasan hockey ta kankara da ke [[Calgary]] . Ƙungiyar Flames tana fafatawa a gasar Hockey League ta ƙasa (NHL) a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar Pacific Division a taron Western Conference . Su ne ƙungiyar kwararru ta uku a birnin da ke buga wasan hockey na kankara, bayan Calgary Tigers (1921–1927) da kuma Calgary Cowboys (1975–1977). Ƙungiyar Flames tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi biyu na NHL da ke Alberta, ɗayan kuma ita ce Edmonton Oilers ; kusancin biranen ya haifar da hamayya da aka sani da &quot; Yaƙin Alberta &quot;.

An kafa kungiyar ne a shekarar 1972 a [[Atlanta]] a matsayin Atlanta Flames . A shekara ta 1980, sun koma Calgary, inda suka buga wasanni uku na farko a Stampede Corral, sannan suka koma 1983 zuwa Scotiabank Saddledome (asalin Olympic Saddledome). A cikin 1985-86, Flames ya zama tawagar farko daga Calgary tun 1923-24 Tigers don yin gasa don Kofin Stanley. A shekara ta 1989, Flames ta lashe kofin Stanley na farko kuma kawai. Gudun da ba a tsammani na Flames zuwa wasan karshe na Kofin Stanley na 2004 ya haifar da Red Mile, kuma a cikin 2011, ƙungiyar ta dauki bakuncin kuma ta lashe wasan waje na biyu na Heritage Classic.

Flames ta lashe kofunan Shugabanni guda biyu saboda sanya tarihin NHL na kakar wasa ta yau da kullun kuma ta lashe kofuna takwas na rukuni. Jarome Iginla, wanda ya lashe gasar Maurice &quot;Rocket&quot; sau biyu a matsayin wanda ya fi kowa zura kwallaye a gasar NHL, shi ne wanda ya jagoranci gasar a wasannin da aka buga, kwallaye, da maki . Miikka Kiprusoff ce ta fi samun nasara a hannun mai tsaron gida a cikin rigar Calgary Flames. An shigar da mutane 17 da ke da alaƙa da Flames cikin Zauren Shahararrun 'Yan Wasan Hockey .

==Tarihi==

===Atlanta Flames (1972–1980)===
{{Main|Atlanta Flames}}
[[File:Atlantaflamesgoalhug.jpg|thumb|upright|Tom Lysiak yana murna tare da abokan wasansa bayan zura ƙwallo a ragar Colorado Rockies. Daga 1972 zuwa 1980, Flames tana Atlanta.]]
A watan Disamba na shekarar 1971, NHL ta bai wa ƙungiyoyin faɗaɗa damar kafa ƙungiyoyi a Long Island (New York Islanders) da Atlanta&lt;ref name=&quot;1971Expansion&quot;&gt;{{citation |last=Bock |first=Hal |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=owsrAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=2798,6860396 |title=NHL admits Long Island, Atlanta; sees two more |work=Reading Eagle |date=1971-11-10 |access-date=2026-03-20 |page=65}}&lt;/ref&gt;, a wani yunƙuri na hana sabuwar World Hockey Association (WHA) ƙara wasu birane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Boer |first=Peter |title=The Calgary Flames |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/calgaryflameshot0000boer/page/12 12] |publisher=Overtime Books |isbn=1-897277-07-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/calgaryflameshot0000boer/page/12 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
Mai kungiyar Atlanta, Tom Cousins, ya sanya wa ƙungiyar suna &quot;Flames&quot; ne saboda gobarar da sojojin Janar William Tecumseh Sherman suka kunna a lokacin yakin basasar Amurka, wadda ta kusan lalata Atlanta gaba ɗaya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5445988/2024/05/02/nhl-team-nicknames-history/|title=How did each NHL team get its name? From Avalanche to Wild, the history of every nickname|newspaper=The New York Times|date=May 2, 2024|accessdate=March 20, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
A ƙarƙashin manyan kociyoyi Bernie &quot;Boom Boom&quot; Geoffrion, Fred Creighton da Al MacNeil, Flames ta samu shiga wasannin playoff a cikin kaka shida daga cikin kakar wasanninta takwas a Atlanta&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hockeydb.com/ihdb/stats/teamseasons.php?tid=235|title=Atlanta Flames seasons|work=The Internet Hockey Database|access-date=January 3, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;, duk da cewa ta ci wasanni biyu kacal a bayan playoff.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=2006–07 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |pages=g. 219 |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 1980, an tilasta wa Cousins sayar da Flames domin hana fatarar kuɗi. Saboda ƙarancin tayin gaske daga ƙungiyoyin cikin gida, ya amince da tayin ɗan kasuwar Kanada Nelson Skalbania.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://canadiancoinnews.com/otd-atlanta-flames-move-to-calgary/|title=OTD: Atlanta Flames move to Calgary|magazine=Canadian Coin News|date=June 24, 2023|accessdate=March 20, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Skalbania ya riƙe sunan Flames, yana ganin ya dace da Calgary a matsayin birnin mai, yayin da tambarin &quot;A&quot; mai harshen wuta aka maye gurbinsa da &quot;C&quot; mai harshen wuta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=The Name Game: Football, Baseball, Hockey &amp; Basketball How Your Favorite Sports Teams Were Named |last=Donovan |first=Michael Leo |year=1997 |publisher=Warwick Publishing |location=Toronto |isbn=1-895629-74-8 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Skalbania ya sayar da hannun jarinsa a shekarar 1981, kuma tun daga lokacin mutanen yankin ne suka mallaki Flames, da farko ƙarƙashin Calgary Flames Limited Partnership, sannan Calgary Sports and Entertainment a shekarar 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.oilersheritage.com/legacy/contributions_owners_nelsonskalbania2.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316051539/http://www.oilersheritage.com/legacy/contributions_owners_nelsonskalbania2.html |archive-date=March 16, 2012 |title=Nelson Skalbania |work=Edmonton Oilers Heritage |access-date=June 18, 2007 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FlamesMG&quot;&gt;{{cite book |editor-last=Hanlon |editor-first=Peter |editor-last2=Kelso |editor-first2=Sean |editor-last3=Thomas |editor-first3=Rob |title=2013–14 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |year=2013 |url=https://www.sportsarchive.net/documents/2744 |chapter=History of the Franchise |page=4 |chapter-url=https://www.sportsarchive.net/documents/2744#page/n5/mode/2up |access-date=2024-07-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Shekarun farko a Calgary (1980–1985)===
[[File:Brad-marsh calgary-flames-v-st-louis 11-29-1980.jpg|thumb|left|Brad Marsh tare da Flames a lokacin kakar 1980–81. Ƙungiyar ta samu gagarumar nasara a playoff, inda ta samu shiga Stanley Cup playoffs a cikin kaka goma sha ɗaya na farko bayan komawarta Calgary.]]

Nan take mutanen birnin Calgary suka karɓi Flames da kyau, inda Flames ta sayar da fakitin tikitin kakar wasa 10,000 na cikakke da rabin kakar wasa a filin Stampede Corral mai kujeru 7,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Zeman |first=Gary |title=Alberta on Ice |year=1986 |publisher=Heritage House |page=94 |isbn=0-9692320-0-4}}
&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ta samu shiga playoff a kakarta ta farko a Calgary da tarihin nasara 39–27–14, wanda ya ba ta matsayi na uku a Patrick Division.&lt;ref name=&quot;regularseason&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=2007–08 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |pages=g. 105 |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙungiyar ta ci jerin wasanninta biyu na farko na playoff a kan Chicago Black Hawks da Philadelphia Flyers kafin Minnesota North Stars ta doke ta a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=2006–07 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |pages=g. 131 |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan nasarar farko ba ta sake maimaituwa nan da nan ba. Bayan samun tarihin rashin nasara a kakar 1981–82, Fletcher ya yi ciniki da wasu 'yan wasa ko kuma bai sabunta kwangilolin wasu daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka fito daga ƙungiyar Atlanta ba, sannan ya sake gina jerin 'yan wasan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Boer |first=Peter |title=The Calgary Flames |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/calgaryflameshot0000boer/page/51 51] |publisher=Overtime Books |isbn=1-897277-07-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/calgaryflameshot0000boer/page/51 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga cikin shawarwarin gudanarwa na Fletcher, ciki har da ɗauko Hakan Loob, Fletcher yana daga cikin na farko da suka zaɓi 'yan wasa daga Tarayyar Soviet a NHL entry draft, ciki har da tauraron CSKA Moscow Sergei Makarov a NHL entry draft na 1983.&lt;ref name=&quot;soviet&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/hockey/news/2002/09/27/soviet_legacy/ |title=Sweeping changes |author=Dolezar, John A. |date=September 27, 2002 |access-date=December 7, 2007 |magazine=Sports Illustrated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030101193135/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/hockey/news/2002/09/27/soviet_legacy/ |archive-date=January 1, 2003 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙungiyar ta inganta har ta fara kalubalantar Oilers, waɗanda suka buƙaci wasanni bakwai cikakku domin doke Flames a hanyarsu ta lashe kambun Stanley Cup na 1984.&lt;ref name=&quot;playoffresults&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=2007–08 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |pages=g. 232 |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean }}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 1983, Flames ta koma Olympic Saddledome, wani filin wasa da aka gina tun farko domin wasannin Olympics na lokacin sanyi na 1988.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Pratt |first=Sheila |title=Coliseum decision today — east end has edge |work=Calgary Herald |page=A1 |date=1981-03-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Kambunan Presidents' Trophy da Stanley Cup Final (1985–1990)===
Ko da yake Flames tana samun shiga playoff, sau da yawa ba ta iya kaiwa matakin ƙarshe na playoff, musamman saboda abokiyar hamayyarta ta lardi, Edmonton Oilers. Tsarin playoff na NHL a lokacin ya sa ya fi yiwuwa Flames ta haɗu da Oilers a zagaye na farko ko na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/nhl/story/_/id/33934328/guide-battle-alberta-calgary-flames-edmonton-oilers|title=Guide to the Battle of Alberta between Calgary Flames, Edmonton Oilers|last=Shilton|first=Kristin|date=May 18, 2022|website=ESPN.com|accessdate=March 20, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga 1983 zuwa 1990, ko dai Oilers ko Flames ce ta wakilci Campbell Conference a Stanley Cup Final.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/nhl/columns/story?columnist=johnson_george&amp;id=2191048 |title=Bile back in Battle of Alberta |access-date=January 3, 2008 |date=October 17, 2005 |publisher=ESPN |author=Johnson, George |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021022922/http://www.espn.com/nhl/columns/story?columnist=johnson_george&amp;id=2191048 |archive-date=October 21, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 1986, Flames ta samu 'yan wasan gaba Doug Risebrough, Lanny McDonald da Dan Quinn, mai tsaron baya Al MacInnis da mai tsaron raga Mike Vernon. Sun kammala kakar a matsayi na biyu a Smythe da tarihin 40–31–9, wato kakar wasa ɗaya tilo tsakanin 1984 zuwa 1991 da ba su samu maki 90 ko fiye a National Hockey League ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;regularseason&quot; /&gt; A playoff, sun share Winnipeg Jets a wasanni uku.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hockey-reference.com/playoffs/1986-calgary-flames-vs-winnipeg-jets-smythe-division-semi-finals.html|title=1986 NHL Smythe Division Semi-Finals Calgary Flames defeat Winnipeg Jets 3-0|website=Hockey-reference.com|access-date=January 28, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; A zagaye na biyu, Flames ta doke Oilers a wasanni bakwai, inda ƙwallon da ta tabbatar da nasarar jerin wasannin ta zo ne bayan wani kuskuren wuce ƙwallon fita da Steve Smith ya yi, wanda ya bugi ƙafar mai tsaron raga Grant Fuhr sannan ya shiga ragar ƙungiyarsa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.oilersheritage.com/history/dynasty_players_stevesmith.html |title=Dynasty Players: Steve Smith |access-date=December 7, 2007 |publisher=Edmonton Oilers Heritage |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302123853/http://www.oilersheritage.com/history/dynasty_players_stevesmith.html |archive-date=March 2, 2012 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daga nan, Flames ta doke St. Louis Blues a wasan ƙarshe na Campbell Conference a wani jerin wasanni bakwai,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Wheatley |first1=Tom |title=Reliving the Monday Night Miracle, 37 years later |url=https://www.stltoday.com/news/archives/reliving-the-monday-night-miracle-37-years-later/article_acbaeda0-b2ce-11eb-bd58-a336afa1c7d3.html |website=STLtoday.com |access-date=November 22, 2023 |date=May 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122110707/https://www.stltoday.com/news/archives/reliving-the-monday-night-miracle-37-years-later/article_acbaeda0-b2ce-11eb-bd58-a336afa1c7d3.html |archive-date=November 22, 2023 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; sannan ta kai ga Stanley Cup Final a karon farko.&lt;ref name=&quot;playoffresults&quot; /&gt; Flames ta sha kashi a hannun Montreal Canadiens a wasanni biyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/05/25/sports/canadiens-defeat-flames-to-capture-stanley-cup.html|title=Canadiens Defeat Flames to Capture Stanley Cup|last=Finn|first=Robin|newspaper=The New York Times|date=May 25, 1986|access-date=January 17, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Flames ta biyo bayan zuwa Stanley Cup Final da kakarta ta yau da kullum mafi kyau a tarihin ƙungiyar a 1986–87, da tarihin 46–31–3, wanda ya ba ta matsayi na uku gaba ɗaya a NHL.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=2006–07 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean |pages=g. 125}}&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ba ta iya maimaita nasarar playoff ta shekarar da ta gabata ba, inda Jets ta doke ta a zagayen farko a wasanni shida. Kakar ta kasance mai wahala har a wajen filin wasa, yayin da George Pelawa, wanda aka zaɓa a zagayen farko na NHL entry draft na 1986, ya mutu a wani hatsarin mota kafin fara kakar wasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Duhatschek |first=Eric |title=Death of top draft choice shocks Flames |date=August 31, 1986 |work=Calgary Herald |page=A1}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ƙarƙashin sabon babban koci Terry Crisp, Flames ta samu kakarta ta farko mai maki 100 a 1987–88, inda ta lashe Presidents' Trophy saboda samun mafi kyawun tarihin wasanni a NHL.&lt;ref name=&quot;1987–88&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=2006–07 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean |pages=g. 124}}&lt;/ref&gt; Joe Nieuwendyk ya zama ɗan wasa na biyu da ya fara buga NHL da ya ci aƙalla ƙwallaye 50 a kaka guda, inda ya lashe Calder Memorial Trophy a matsayin sabon ɗan wasan shekara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/LegendsOfHockey/jsp/SearchPlayer.jsp?player=11194 |title=Joe Nieuwendyk player profile |access-date=December 7, 2007 |work=Hockey Hall of Fame|publisher=legendsofhockey.net }}&lt;/ref&gt; Domin ƙarfafa jerin 'yan wasan kafin playoff, Flames ta yi cinikin Brett Hull da Steve Bozek zuwa Blues, a musayar Rob Ramage da Rick Wamsley.&lt;ref name=&quot;gilmourtrade&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/hockey/nhl/news/2001/08/08/sayitaintso_flames/ |title=Say it aint so: Calgary Flames |magazine=Sports Illustrated |author=Dolezar, John A |date=August 8, 2001 |access-date=May 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070810114818/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/hockey/nhl/news/2001/08/08/sayitaintso_flames/ |archive-date=August 10, 2007 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Matsalolinsu a playoff sun ci gaba da kasancewa a kan Oilers, inda aka share su a wasanni huɗu a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;playoffresults&quot; /&gt;

A kakar 1988–89, Flames ta lashe Presidents' Trophy na biyu a jere da maki 117, wanda ya kafa sabon tarihin ƙungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=2006–07 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean |pages=g. 123}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fletcher ya ci gaba da gyara jerin 'yan wasan, inda ya ɗauko Doug Gilmour a matsayin wani ɓangare na cinikin 'yan wasa shida a lokacin da ake kusantar ƙarshen lokacin ciniki. A hanyarsu ta zuwa Final na biyu, sun doke Vancouver Canucks a wasanni bakwai,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-04-16-sp-2573-story.html|title=Flames Flicker, Snuff Canucks in Overtime|via=Associated Press|date=April 16, 1989|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|access-date=January 28, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Los Angeles Kings a wasanni huɗu,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-04-21-sp-2325-story.html|title=Stanley Cup Playoffs : Kings' Lights Are Punched Out in Calgary : Flames Get 3 Quick Goals and Fight to an 8-3 Victory|last=Dodds|first=Tracy|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=April 21, 1989|access-date=January 28, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; sannan a wasan ƙarshe na conference suka fitar da Blackhawks a wasanni biyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1989/05/11/flames-win-campbell/d208e3a6-4ae5-40ed-9b69-56014c3921f4/|title=Flames Win Campbell|last=Neumann|first=Jack|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=May 10, 1989|access-date=January 28, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ta doke Montreal Canadiens a 1989 Stanley Cup Final, inda ta lashe Stanley Cup na farko a tarihinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;playoffresults&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;lanny&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Shea |first=Kevin |url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/spot_oneononep199204.htm |title=One on one with Lanny McDonald |date=April 4, 2003 |publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame |access-date=December 31, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100703130836/http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/spot_oneononep199204.htm |archive-date=July 3, 2010 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Al MacInnis ya lashe Conn Smythe Trophy a matsayin ɗan wasan da ya fi kowa muhimmanci a playoff,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://hhof.com/htmlInduct/ind07MacInnis.shtml |title=Al MacInnis |work=Hockey Hall of Fame |publisher=legendsofhockey.net |access-date=April 22, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324221101/http://hhof.com/htmlInduct/ind07MacInnis.shtml |archive-date=March 24, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; yayin da kyaftin na dogon lokaci Lanny McDonald ya sanar da yin ritaya.&lt;ref name=&quot;lanny&quot; /&gt; Sonia Scurfield, wadda ta kasance abokiyar mallakar Flames, ta zama mace ta farko 'yar Kanada da aka rubuta sunanta a kan Stanley Cup.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.hhof.com/htmlsilverware/silver_stFFFs.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026104314/http://www.hhof.com/htmlSilverware/silver_stFFFs.shtml |title=The Stanley Cup – Engraving Facts, Firsts &amp; Faux Pas |archive-date=October 26, 2011 |access-date=October 18, 2016 |publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 1989, Soviets sun ba da izinin wasu gungun 'yan wasan hockey na Soviet su rattaba hannu da ƙungiyoyin NHL tun daga kakar 1989–90.&lt;ref name=&quot;soviet&quot; /&gt; Sergei Makarov ya shiga Flames a wannan kakar, kuma duk da cewa ya riga ya haura shekaru 30, ya zama ɗan wasa na biyar na Flames da ya lashe Calder Memorial Trophy a matsayin sabon ɗan wasan shekara na NHL. Wannan zaɓin ya haifar da cece-kuce, lamarin da ya sa NHL ta sauya dokokinta domin cire duk ɗan wasa mai shekaru sama da 26 daga cancantar samun kyautar nan gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE4DA103EF933A15755C0A966958260 |title=New Rules for Rookies |date=June 20, 1990 |website=The New York Times |access-date=June 10, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310043250/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/20/sports/sports-people-hockey-new-rules-for-rookies.html |archive-date=March 10, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan kakar, ƙungiyar ta samu maki 99, maki biyu ƙasa da lashe Presidents' Trophy na uku a jere. A playoff, Los Angeles Kings ta doke su a wasanni shida.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-04-15-sp-1917-story.html|title=Kings Clinch in Overtime, 4-3 : NHL playoffs: Flames, defending Stanley Cup champions, are eliminated on goal by Krushelnyski in second extra period.|last=Springer|first=Steve|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=April 15, 1990|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Daga fafutukar playoff zuwa dogon rashin shiga playoff (1991–2003)===
A shekarar 1991, Fletcher ya bar Flames domin zama babban manajan Toronto Maple Leafs. Ya kasance babban manajan ƙungiyar tun kafuwarta a shekarar 1972.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/spot_oneononeb200401.htm |title=One on One with Cliff Fletcher |work=Hockey Hall of Fame |publisher=legendsofhockey.net |access-date=May 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100703123442/http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/spot_oneononeb200401.htm |archive-date=July 3, 2010 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doug Risebrough ya maye gurbinsa a Calgary, inda ya kammala wani gagarumin cinikin 'yan wasa goma, wanda ya kai Doug Gilmour zuwa Toronto tare da wasu 'yan wasa huɗu, a musayar tsohon ɗan wasan da ya taɓa zura ƙwallaye 50 Gary Leeman da wasu huɗu.&lt;ref name=&quot;gilmourtrade&quot; /&gt; Cinikin ya koma baya ga Flames, domin Leeman ya ci ƙwallaye 11 kacal wa Flames, yayin da Gilmour ya zama babban ɗan wasa ga Maple Leafs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/gilmour-begins-again-with-leafs-in-calgary-1.392525 |title=Gilmour begins again with Leafs in Calgary |publisher=CBC Sports |date=April 13, 2003 |access-date=May 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020041549/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/gilmour-begins-again-with-leafs-in-calgary-1.392525 |archive-date=October 20, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da Theoren Fleury ya zama tauraron NHL, Flames ta kasa shiga playoff a 1992, shekara guda bayan ta samu kakarta ta uku da maki 100 a tarihin ƙungiyar. Wannan shi ne karo na farko da ta kasa shiga playoff tun bayan komawarta Calgary.&lt;ref name=&quot;playoffresults&quot; /&gt;

[[File:JaromeIginla.jpg|thumb|upright|Ayyukan Jarome Iginla na daga cikin ƴan abubuwan farin ciki na ƙungiyar a lokacin dogon rashin shiga playoff na shekaru bakwai.]]
Calgary ta farfaɗo ta samu shiga playoff a kaka huɗu na gaba, ciki har da lashe kambunan division guda biyu a jere, amma an fitar da ita a zagayen farko na playoff a kowane lokaci. A kakar 1995–96, an yi cinikin Joe Nieuwendyk zuwa Dallas Stars a musayar Jarome Iginla; Iginla ya fara buga wa Flames a playoff na shekarar 1996, lokacin da Blackhawks ta sake fitar da Flames a zagayen farko bayan share ta a wasanni huɗu. A shekarar 1997, Flames ta kasa shiga playoff kuma ba ta sake komawa ba har na tsawon shekaru bakwai.&lt;ref name=&quot;playoffresults&quot; /&gt; Matsayi mafi muni ya zo a kakar 1997–98, lokacin da Flames ta kammala da maki 67 kacal, wato maki na biyu mafi ƙanƙanta a tarihin ƙungiyar.&lt;ref name=&quot;hockey-reference&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Calgary Flames Historical Statistics and All-Time Top Leaders |url=https://www.hockey-reference.com/teams/CGY/history.html |website=Hockey-Reference.com |access-date=November 22, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; A [[1998–99 Calgary Flames season|1999]], Flames ta yi cinikin Fleury zuwa [[Colorado Avalanche]] a tsakiyar kakar wasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;gilmourtrade&quot; /&gt; Wannan ciniki ya faru ne jim kaɗan bayan Fleury ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi kowa zura maki a tarihin ƙungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hockeynut.com/9899/fleury0299.html |title=Colorado gets Fleury |publisher=Hockeynut.com |access-date=September 16, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307095928/http://www.hockeynut.com/9899/fleury0299.html |archive-date=March 7, 2012 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da cewa Flames tana da tazarar maki biyu kacal (wanda ya yi daidai da nasara ɗaya) daga matsayin shiga playoff a lokacin, Fleury zai zama ɗan wasa mai 'yancin yin ciniki gaba ɗaya bayan kakar, kuma Flames ba ta son haɗarin rasa shi ba tare da samun wani abu a madadinsa ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;LastSuperstar&quot;&gt;{{citation |last=Board |first=Mike |title=Theo last superstar for Calgary |work=Calgary Herald |date=1999-03-01 |page=D3 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yayin da Flames ke ci gaba da faɗuwa a jadawalin matsayi, yawan masu kallon wasanninta ma ya ragu. A mafi yawan shekaru 16 na farko da ta yi a Calgary, tikitin wasannin Flames na daga cikin tikitin da suka fi wahalar samu a NHL. Zuwa shekarar 1999, yawan masu halarta ya ragu sosai har masu mallakar ƙungiyar suka ba da gargaɗi: a sayi ƙarin tikitin kakar wasa ko kuma ƙungiyar za ta koma Amurka. Magoya bayan ƙungiyar sun mayar da martani ta hanyar sayen isassun tikitin kakar wasa don ci gaba da riƙe Flames a Calgary a kakar [[1999–2000 NHL season|1999–2000]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/throwback-thursday-the-campaign-to-save-the-calgary-flames-in-2000-1.3054645|title=Throwback Thursday: The campaign to save the Calgary Flames in 2000|website=CBC.ca|date=April 30, 2015|accessdate=March 20, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ta sake neman ƙarin tikitin kakar wasa a lokacin bazarar shekarar 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/flames-aim-to-save-team-by-end-of-june-1.221372 |title=Flames aim to save team by end of June |publisher=CBC Sports |date=May 18, 2000 |access-date=December 6, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406143620/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/flames-aim-to-save-team-by-end-of-june-1.221372 |archive-date=April 6, 2015 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yaƙin neman sayen tikitin, wanda aka shirya ƙara sayar da tikitin kakar wasa daga mafi ƙarancin 8,700 a tarihin ƙungiyar zuwa 14,000, ya yi nasara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary-flames-clear-hurdle-1.198754 |title=Flames reach season ticket goal |publisher=CBC Sports |date=November 10, 2000 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307000917/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary-flames-clear-hurdle-1.198754 |archive-date=March 7, 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=December 6, 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan lokaci, Iginla ya lashe Maurice &quot;Rocket&quot; Richard Trophy da Art Ross Trophy a [[2001–02 Calgary Flames season|2001–02]], a matsayin wanda ya fi kowa zura ƙwallaye da maki, inda ya samu ƙwallaye 52 da maki 96, yayin da Robyn Regehr ya zama ɗan wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da aka taɓa zaɓa a matsayin ɗan takarar Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=2006–07 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean |pages=g. 61}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kakar [[2002–03 Calgary Flames season|2002–03]], Flames ta ɗauki Darryl Sutter a matsayin babban kocin ƙungiyar, inda ya maye gurbin Greg Gilbert.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/hockey/flames-push-button-out-promote-sutter/article749855/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021230720/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/hockey/flames-push-button-out-promote-sutter/article749855/ |archive-date=October 21, 2016 |title=Flames push Button out, promote Sutter |website=The Globe and Mail |author=Duhatschek, Eric |date=April 12, 2003 |quote=Once the Flames got past Christmas and installed Sutter as their new head coach... |access-date=October 21, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sutter ya kuma zama babban manajan ƙungiyar bayan kakar, kuma ana danganta shi da farfaɗo da ƙungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Johnson, George |url=https://www.espn.com/nhl/columns/story?columnist=johnson_george&amp;id=2291711 |title=In Sutter, Flames (and fans) trust |date=January 23, 2006 |access-date=January 4, 2008 |publisher=ESPN |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019075744/http://www.espn.com/nhl/columns/story?columnist=johnson_george&amp;id=2291711 |archive-date=October 19, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Daya daga cikin matakan farko na Sutter shi ne ɗauko mai tsaron raga Miikka Kiprusoff a farkon kakar 2003–04, wanda a baya ya horar da shi a San Jose Sharks.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.tsn.ca/nhl/teams/players/bio/?hubname=nhl-flames&amp;id=292 |title=Miikka Kiprusoff profile |access-date=January 4, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407070139/http://www.tsn.ca/nhl/teams/players/bio/?hubname=nhl-flames&amp;id=292 |archive-date=April 7, 2014 |publisher=TSN |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Zamanin Jarome Iginla da zakarun Western Conference (2004–2010)===
[[File:MiikkaKiprusoff.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Miikka Kiprusoff ya lashe Vezina Trophy a matsayin mafi kyawun mai tsaron raga a NHL a 2005–06.]]
Bayan kaka bakwai a jere ba tare da shiga playoff ba, Flames ta koma gasar playoff a shekarar 2004. Ta zama ƙungiya ta farko a tarihin gasar da ta doke zakarun division uku a hanyarta ta zuwa Stanley Cup Final: zakaran Northwest Division Vancouver Canucks, Detroit Red Wings wadda ta lashe Presidents' Trophy, da zakarar Pacific Division San Jose Sharks.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/flames-reach-stanley-cup-finals-1.514689 |title=Flames reach Stanley Cup finals |access-date=November 28, 2006 |date=May 20, 2004 |publisher=CBC Sports |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815074005/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/flames-reach-stanley-cup-finals-1.514689 |archive-date=August 15, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[2004 Stanley Cup Final]] da [[Tampa Bay Lightning]] ya kai wasanni bakwai, inda Flames ta fuskanci wani ƙwallon da ba a ƙirga ba cikin cece-kuce a wasa na shida a gida. Bidiyon sake kallo ya nuna cewa Martin Gelinas mai yiwuwa ya ci ƙwallon da da zai kasance ƙwallon da zai ba su damar jagoranci a ƙarshen kashi na uku; alkalin wasa bai nuna cewa an ci ƙwallo ba, kuma daga baya aka yanke cewa sake kallon bidiyon bai bayar da tabbataccen sakamako ba. Da an ƙirga ƙwallon, Gelinas zai zama ɗan wasa ɗaya tilo a tarihin NHL da ya zura ƙwallon nasara a kowane jerin wasannin playoff. Lightning ta ci wasan a ƙarin lokaci,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Damian |last=Cristodero |title=One last shot |url=http://www.sptimes.com/2004/06/06/Lightning/One_last_shot.shtml |publisher=St. Petersburg Times |date=June 6, 2004 |access-date=November 28, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204941/http://www.sptimes.com/2004/06/06/Lightning/One_last_shot.shtml |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; sannan ta ci wasa na bakwai a gida, inda ta lashe Stanley Cup.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Brian |last=Bergman |title=The Flames nearly brought the Stanley Cup home, and grateful Calgary gave thanks |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&amp;Params=M1ARTM0012618 |format=Reprint |work=Maclean's Magazine |publisher=The Canadian Encyclopedia |date=June 21, 2004 |access-date=November 28, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015113750/http://thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&amp;Params=M1ARTM0012618 |archive-date=October 15, 2007 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An soke kakar wasa ta gaba saboda [[2004–05 NHL lockout]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Ira |last=Podel |title=Linden, Hotchkiss to meet again |url=https://www.usatoday.com/sports/hockey/nhl/2005-01-19-lockout-meeting_x.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309121309/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/hockey/nhl/2005-01-19-lockout-meeting_x.htm |archive-date=March 9, 2016 |url-status=live |website=USA Today |date=January 19, 2005 |access-date=January 4, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ta buga kakarta ta 25 a Calgary a [[2005–06 Calgary Flames season|2005–06]], inda ta kammala da maki 103. Wannan shi ne mafi yawan maki da ta samu tun kakar da ta lashe Cup a 1989, kuma ya isa ta lashe kambun division na farko cikin shekaru 12. Sai dai Flames ta sha kashi a hannun [[Anaheim Ducks|Mighty Ducks of Anaheim]] a wasanni bakwai a zagayen farko na playoff. Miikka Kiprusoff ya lashe William M. Jennings da Vezina Trophies duka a matsayin mafi kyawun mai tsaron raga a NHL,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Sportak |first=Randy |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Hockey/NHL/Awards/2006/06/23/1649309-sun.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021015327/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Hockey/NHL/Awards/2006/06/23/1649309-sun.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 21, 2016 |title=Real Hart-breaker |work=Calgary Sun |date=June 23, 2006 |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; yayin da Dion Phaneuf ya zura ƙwallaye 20, adadi na uku mafi yawa da wani sabon mai tsaron baya ya taɓa samu a tarihin NHL.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Molinaro |first=John F. |url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/nhl/phaneuf-s-game-belies-his-age-1.602242 |title=Phaneufs game belies his age |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |date=April 25, 2006 |access-date=December 31, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306100830/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/nhl/phaneuf-s-game-belies-his-age-1.602242 |archive-date=March 6, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lokacin hutun gasar na shekarar 2006 ya fara da cinikin Alex Tanguay,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/nhl/draft2006/news/story?id=2499645 |title=Avs send Tanguay to Flames for Leopold, picks |access-date=November 28, 2006 |date=May 4, 2006 |publisher=National Hockey League |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019081251/http://www.espn.com/nhl/draft2006/news/story?id=2499645 |archive-date=October 19, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; sannan Sutter ya sauka daga matsayin babban koci zuwa wani matsayi na mataimakin koci Jim Playfair domin ya mai da hankali kan aikinsa na babban manaja.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://tsn.ca/nhl/news_story/?ID=171090&amp;hubname=nhl |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929162911/http://tsn.ca/nhl/news_story/?ID=171090&amp;hubname=nhl |archive-date=September 29, 2007 |title=Sutter steps down as Flames coach |access-date=November 28, 2006 |publisher=TSN}}&lt;/ref&gt; A playoff, Calgary ta sha kashi a wasanni shida a hannun Detroit Red Wings mai matsayi na farko a zagayen farko. A lokacin jerin wasannin, NHL ta ci tarar Flames saboda wasu hukuncin keta doka da suka shafi sandunan hockey a wasa na biyar. Musamman, an dakatar da mai tsaron raga na ajiye Jamie McLennan na wasanni biyar saboda ya daki ɗan wasan gaba na Red Wings Johan Franzen da sanda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.globesports.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070422.wmclennan0422/GSStory/GlobeSportsHockey/home |title=Five-game suspension for McLennan |author=Duhatschek, Eric |date=April 22, 2007 |access-date=December 7, 2007 |website=The Globe and Mail |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070429204330/http://www.globesports.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070422.wmclennan0422/GSStory/GlobeSportsHockey/home |archive-date=April 29, 2007 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A lokacin hutun kakar [[2007–08 NHL season|2007–08]], Flames ta sauke Playfair zuwa matsayin koci mai haɗin gwiwa, inda ta ɗauko Mike Keenan a matsayin babban kocin ƙungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.tsn.ca/nhl/news_story/?ID=210816&amp;hubname= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009230016/http://tsn.ca/nhl/news_story/?ID=210816&amp;hubname= |archive-date=October 9, 2007 |title=Flames name Keenan new head coach |date=June 14, 2007 |access-date=December 7, 2007 |publisher=TSN}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin kakar, Jarome Iginla ya zama ɗan wasan Flames da ya fi kowa buga wasanni a tarihi, inda ya wuce tarihin Al MacInnis na wasanni 803. Iginla ya kuma wuce tarihin Theoren Fleury na ƙwallaye 364, ya zama wanda ya fi kowa zura ƙwallaye a tarihin Flames a ranar 10 ga Maris, 2008.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008Mar11/0,4670,HKNBluesFlames,00.html |title=Iginla Tops Flames' Goal Record in Win |date=March 11, 2008 |access-date=August 18, 2009 |publisher=Fox News Channel |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408085028/http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008Mar11/0%2C4670%2CHKNBluesFlames%2C00.html |archive-date=April 8, 2008 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A playoff, San Jose Sharks ta doke su a wasanni bakwai a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na conference.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sfgate.com/sharks/article/sharks-tank-flames-3218177.php|title=SHARKS TANK FLAMES|last=Ratto|first=Ray|date=April 23, 2008|website=SFGate.com|accessdate=March 20, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iginla ya ci gaba da kafa tarihin ƙungiya a [[2008–09 Calgary Flames season|2008–09]], inda ya wuce tarihin Fleury na maki 830, sannan ya zura ƙwallonsa ta 400 a wannan dare a wasan da Tampa Bay Lightning.&lt;ref name=&quot;Iggyscoringleader&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.tsn.ca/nhl/story/?id=269423&amp;lid=sublink02&amp;lpos=headlines_main |title=Lightning rain on Iginla's record-setting night |publisher=The Sports Network |date=March 1, 2009 |access-date=March 2, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222162529/http://www.tsn.ca/nhl/story/?id=269423&amp;lid=sublink02&amp;lpos=headlines_main |archive-date=February 22, 2014 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙungiyar ta kasa wuce zagayen farko na playoff, inda Chicago Blackhawks ta fitar da ita a wasanni shida, lamarin da ya kai ga korar babban koci Mike Keenan bayan shekaru biyu. An naɗa Brent Sutter a matsayin wanda zai gaje shi a ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2009, amma Flames ta kasa samun gurbin playoff a kakar [[2009–10 Calgary Flames season|2009–10]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Johnson |first=George |title=Sutter's blueprint has failed |work=Calgary Herald |date=April 7, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ƙarshen zamanin Iginla (2010–2013)===
[[File:2011 Heritage Classic faceoff.png|thumb|Flames da Montreal Canadiens sun jera domin yin face-off a 2011 Heritage Classic.]]
Flames ta sha wahala a farkon kakar [[2010–11 Calgary Flames season|2010–11]], inda ta koma matsayi na 14 a conference lokacin hutun Kirsimeti. Ƙungiyar ta maye gurbin Darryl Sutter da Jay Feaster, inda ta ba shi matsayin babban manaja na wucin gadi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Hall |first=Vicki |url=http://www.faceoff.com/Darryl+Sutter+resigns+Flames+Brent+stays/4034306/story.html |title=Darryl Sutter resigns as Flames GM, Brent stays |work=Calgary Herald |date=December 28, 2010 |access-date=May 16, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030556/http://www.faceoff.com/Darryl%2BSutter%2Bresigns%2BFlames%2BBrent%2Bstays/4034306/story.html |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; An cire kalmar &quot;na wucin gadi&quot; bayan kammala kakar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/nhl/flames-make-feaster-permanent-gm-1.999936 |title=Flames make Feaster permanent GM |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |date=May 16, 2011 |access-date=May 16, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙungiyar ta sake shiga fafutukar neman gurbin playoff bayan wannan sauyi, amma ta kasa samun gurbin, inda maki uku suka raba ta da gurbin kuma ta kammala a matsayi na 10 a conference.&lt;ref name=&quot;flameseliminated&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/nhl/recap?gameId=310406003 |title=Jarome Iginla has hat trick and an assist for Calgary, Flames still eliminated |publisher=ESPN |date=April 6, 2011 |access-date=April 6, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820062630/http://www.espn.com/nhl/recap?gameId=310406003 |archive-date=August 20, 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Calgary ta karɓi bakuncin [[2011 Heritage Classic]], wasa na biyu na NHL da aka buga a waje a wannan shekarar, a McMahon Stadium a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, 2011. Flames ta doke Montreal Canadiens da ci 4–0, kuma Kiprusoff ya zama mai tsaron raga na farko da ya samu clean sheet a wasan NHL da aka buga a waje.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Brownlee |first=Robin |url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/news.htm?id=553588 |title=Kiprusoff bests temps, pucks, for first outdoor shutout |publisher=National Hockey League |date=February 20, 2011 |access-date=February 21, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308071515/https://www.nhl.com/news/kiprusoff-bests-temps-pucks-for-first-outdoor-shutout/c-553588 |archive-date=March 8, 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iginla ya cimma manyan nasarori biyu a ƙarshen kakar—ya zama ɗan wasa na goma a tarihin NHL da ya ci aƙalla ƙwallaye 30 a kaka goma a jere,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.tsn.ca/nhl/story/?id=356950 |title=Iginla tops 30 goals in 10th straight year in win over Preds |publisher=The Sports Network |date=March 6, 2011 |access-date=March 7, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118064408/http://www.tsn.ca/nhl/story/?id=356950 |archive-date=January 18, 2012 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; sannan ya ci makinsa na 1,000 a rayuwarsa, dukkaninsu tare da Flames.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/nhl/recap?gameId=310401019 |title=Jarome Iginla reaches 1,000 points as Flames rally past Blues |publisher=ESPN |date=April 1, 2011 |access-date=April 1, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106130828/http://sports.espn.go.com/nhl/recap?gameId=310401019 |archive-date=January 6, 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iginla ya kuma ci ƙwallonsa ta 500 a rayuwarsa a ranar 7 ga Janairu, 2012, a wasan da suka kara da Minnesota Wild.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.torontosun.com/2012/01/08/iggy-pops-goal-no-500 |title=Iggy pops goal No. 500 |newspaper=Toronto Sun |date=January 8, 2012 |access-date=January 8, 2012|quote=The Calgary Flames captain and face of the franchise became just the 42nd player in NHL history to join the 500-goal club with his third-period tally in Saturday night's 3–1 victory over the Minnesota Wild.}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 27 ga Maris, 2013, an yi cinikin Iginla zuwa Pittsburgh Penguins a musayar matasan 'yan wasa Kenny Agostino da Ben Hanowski da kuma zaɓin zagayen farko a NHL entry draft na 2013, lamarin da ya bar ƙungiyar ba tare da kyaftin ba a karon farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nhl.com/penguins/news/penguins-acquire-forward-jarome-iginla-from-calgary-in-exchange-for-ben-hanowski-kenny-agostino-and-a-2013-first-round-draft-pick/c-662505 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019064551/https://www.nhl.com/penguins/news/penguins-acquire-forward-jarome-iginla-from-calgary-in-exchange-for-ben-hanowski-kenny-agostino-and-a-2013-first-round-draft-pick/c-662505 |archive-date=October 19, 2016 |access-date=October 19, 2016 |date=March 28, 2013 |publisher=Pittsburgh Penguins |title=Penguins Acquire Forward Jarome Iginla from Calgary... |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ta kasa shiga playoff a karo na huɗu a jere a 2012–13,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://thehockeynews.com/news/news/calgary-flames-beat-red-wings-3-2-but-eliminated-from-playoff-contention|title=Calgary Flames beat Red Wings 3-2 but eliminated from playoff contention|via=The Canadian Press|date=April 17, 2013|magazine=The Hockey News|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; sannan ta zaɓi Sean Monahan a matsayi na shida gaba ɗaya a NHL entry draft na 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/nhl/flames-pick-sean-monahan-6th-overall-canadian-draft-roundup-1.1402395|title=Flames pick Sean Monahan 6th overall: Canadian draft roundup|date=June 30, 2013|website=CbC.ca|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Zamanin Giordano, Monahan da Gaudreau (2013–2022)===
{{multiple images |total_width = 500
|image1 = Mark Giordano 140328.png
|caption1 = Mark Giordano ya zama kyaftin bayan musayar Jarome Iginla
|image2 = Sean Monahan 20130914.png
|caption2 = Flames ta zaɓi Sean Monahan a zaɓen NHL na 2013.
|image3 = MatthewTkachuk.jpg
|caption3 = Flames ta zaɓi Matthew Tkachuk a matsayi na shida gaba ɗaya a zaɓen NHL na 2016}}
Kafin fara kakar 2013–14, an naɗa Mark Giordano a matsayin sabon kyaftin na Flames.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cbssports.com/nhl/news/mark-giordano-named-19th-captain-in-calgary-flames-history/|title=Mark Giordano named 19th captain in Calgary Flames history|last=Stubits|first=Brian|date=September 20, 2013|website=CBSSports.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙungiyar ta koma matsayi na shida a rukuni, kuma shugaban ƙungiyar Brian Burke ya kori Feaster sannan ya karɓi aikin na ɗan lokaci.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/nhl/story/_/id/10125608/jay-feaster-fired-general-manager-calgary-flames|title=Flames fire GM Jay Feaster|via=Associated Press|date=December 12, 2013|website=ESPN.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Johnny Gaudreau, wanda aka zaɓa a zagaye na huɗu a shekarar 2011, ya fara buga wasansa na NHL bayan ya lashe Hobey Baker Award a Boston College a ranar da ta gabata. Gaudreau ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko a NHL a wasan, wadda ita ce ƙwallo ɗaya tilo da Flames ta ci a rashin nasarar 5–1.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nj.com/highschoolsports/article/ice-hockey-first-nhl-game-first-shot-on-goal-johnny-gaudreau-scores-first-nhl-goal/|title=Ice Hockey: First NHL game, First shot on goal, Johnny Gaudreau scores First NHL goal|last=Hagney|first=John Christian|date=April 13, 2014|website=NJ.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kakar 2014–15, Flames ta yi nasara a ɗaya daga cikin wasanninta na ƙarshe da Los Angeles Kings, wanda ya tabbatar mata da gurbin shiga playoffs na farko tun daga 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/hockey/nhl/flames-clinch-playoff-berth-eliminate-kings/|title=Flames clinch playoff berth, eliminate Kings|via=Canadian Press|date=April 9, 2015|website=Sportsnet.ca|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta fitar da Vancouver Canucks a wasanni shida a zagayen farko na playoffs, wanda ya kasance nasarar jerin wasannin playoffs ta farko tun 2004,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/nhl/recap/_/gameId/400790505|title=Daniel Sedin's tiebreaker lifts Canucks past Flames, into Game 6|via=Associated Press|date=April 24, 2015|website=ESPN.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; amma Anaheim Ducks ta fitar da ita a wasanni biyar a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/losangeles/news/ducks-defeat-flames-in-game-5-ot-to-advance-to-first-conference-finals-since-2007/|title=Ducks Defeat Flames In Game 5 OT To Advance To First Conference Finals Since 2007|date=May 10, 2015|website=CBSSports.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Babban kocin Bob Hartley ya lashe Jack Adams Trophy a matsayin kocin shekara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.si.com/nhl/2015/06/24/ap-hkn-adams-award|title=Calgary's Hartley wins Jack Adams Award as NHL's top coach|via=AP|date=June 24, 2015|magazine=Sports Illustrated|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kakar 2015–16, ana da manyan tsammanin daga Flames saboda nasarorin kakar da ta gabata. Waɗannan tsammanin sun ƙaru bayan ƙungiyar ta samo Dougie Hamilton daga Boston Bruins a madadin zaɓen zagaye na farko da zaɓen zagaye na biyu guda biyu a zaɓen NHL na 2015. Flames ta kasa samun gurbin shiga playoffs;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Dave|last=Stubbs|title=Woe Canada. No playoffs this year north of border|url=https://www.nhl.com/news/no-canadian-nhl-teams-in-stanley-cup-playoffs-279984346|publisher=National Hockey League|date=March 31, 2016|access-date=June 5, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; saboda haka, an kori babban kocin Hartley&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Aaron|last=Vickers|title=Flames relieve Bob Hartley of coaching duties|url=http://flames.nhl.com/club/news.htm?id=881171|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506002846/http://flames.nhl.com/club/news.htm?id=881171|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 6, 2016|publisher=National Hockey League|date=May 3, 2016|access-date=June 5, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; sannan aka maye gurbinsa da tsohon mataimakin kocin Vancouver Canucks, Glen Gulutzan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://calgaryherald.com/sports/hockey/nhl/calgary-flames/calgary-flames-gm-figures-coaching-hire-glen-gulutzan-is-perfect-fit |access-date=November 2, 2016 |title=Calgary Flames GM figures coaching hire Glen Gulutzan is 'perfect fit' |last=Gilbertson |first=Wes |work=Calgary Herald |date=June 17, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617231019/http://calgaryherald.com/sports/hockey/nhl/calgary-flames/calgary-flames-gm-figures-coaching-hire-glen-gulutzan-is-perfect-fit |archive-date=June 17, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ta zaɓi Matthew Tkachuk a matsayi na shida a zaɓen NHL na 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/hockey/nhl/flames-select-matthew-tkachuk-6th-overall-pick-nhl-draft/|title=Flames select Matthew Tkachuk with 6th overall pick in NHL Draft|via=Canadian Press|date=June 24, 2016|website=Sportsnet.ca|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A lokacin hutun kakar wasa, Flames ta ci gaba da tattaunawa da Sean Monahan da Johnny Gaudreau, waɗanda ke gab da zama ’yan wasa masu ‘yanci da takaita; dukansu sun sanya hannu kan kwangiloli na shekaru da yawa. Bayan fitowar layin &quot;3M&quot;, wanda ya ƙunshi Tkachuk, Mikael Backlund da Michael Frolík,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/184794/2017/12/14/have-the-flames-finally-found-a-third-line/|title=Have the Flames finally found a third line?|last=Wilson|first=Kent|newspaper=The New York Times|date=December 14, 2017|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ta sake komawa playoffs a kakar 2016–17 a matsayin ƙungiyar wild card ta farko a conference, amma Anaheim Ducks ta yi mata sweep a zagayen farko.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/sports/ducks-complete-sweep-of-the-flames-with-3-1-win.print|title=Ducks complete sweep of the Flames with 3-1 win|date=April 20, 2017|website=Foxnews.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Flames ta kasa samun gurbin shiga playoffs a kakar 2017–18, kuma an kori Gulutzan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Flames Relieve Three Coaches of Duties|url=https://www.nhl.com/flames/news/flames-relieve-three-coaches-of-duties-298070934|publisher=National Hockey League|access-date=January 25, 2026|date=April 17, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ɗauki Bill Peters a matsayin babban kocin ƙungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Flames Name Bill Peters Head Coach |url=https://www.nhl.com/flames/news/flames-name-bill-peters-head-coach-298204838 |publisher=National Hockey League |access-date=July 7, 2018 |date=April 23, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙungiyar ta yi sauye-sauye da dama a jerin ’yan wasanta kafin kakar 2018–19, ciki har da musayar da ta yi da Carolina Hurricanes a zaɓen NHL na 2018, inda ta aika Dougie Hamilton, Micheal Ferland da Adam Fox zuwa Hurricanes, a madadin Noah Hanifin da Elias Lindholm. A ƙarshen kakar wasannin yau da kullum, ta lashe kambun rukuni a karon farko tun 2006.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gilmore |first1=Eric |title=Flames clinch Western Conference with win against Sharks |url=https://www.nhl.com/news/calgary-flames-san-jose-sharks-game-recap-306312464 |publisher=National Hockey League |access-date=April 1, 2019 |date=March 31, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Colorado Avalanche ta fitar da ita a zagayen farko na wasannin Stanley Cup na 2019 a wasanni biyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/colorado/news/avalanche-flames-playoff-stanley-cup/|title=Avs Eliminate Flames 5-1 In Game 5 To Win The Playoff Series, Advance To 2nd Round|date=April 19, 2019|website=CBSSports.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙarshen kakar, an bai wa kyaftin Giordano James Norris Memorial Trophy saboda kasancewarsa mafi kyawun mai tsaron baya na shekara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcsports.com/nhl/news/at-35-mark-giordano-finally-wins-norris-trophy|title=At 35, Mark Giordano finally wins Norris Trophy|last=O'Brien|first=James|date=June 19, 2019|website=NBCSports.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kakar 2019–20, bayan zarge-zargen wariyar launin fata da tashin hankali na zahiri da tsohon ɗan wasan Flames Akim Aliu ya yi wa Peters,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.tsn.ca/akim-aliu-speaks-publicly-on-allegations-against-calgary-flames-head-coach-bill-peters-1.1403974|title=Akim Aliu speaks publicly on allegations against Calgary Flames head coach Bill Peters|last=Seravalli|first=Frank|date=November 26, 2019|website=TSN|access-date=November 27, 2019 |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127170005/https://www.tsn.ca/akim-aliu-speaks-publicly-on-allegations-against-calgary-flames-head-coach-bill-peters-1.1403974 }}&lt;/ref&gt; an tilasta Peters ya ɗauki hutun aiki a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, yayin da ake jiran sakamakon binciken cikin gida. Mataimakin koci Geoff Ward ya zama babban kocin riƙon ƙwarya yayin binciken.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nhl.com/flames/news/update-from-flames-general-manager-brad-treliving-311833400|title=Update From Flames General Manager Brad Treliving|website=NHL.com|date=November 27, 2019 |access-date=November 27, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Peters ya yi murabus a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, sannan aka naɗa Ward a matsayin babban kocin riƙon ƙwarya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Geoff Ward Named Interim Coach |url=https://www.nhl.com/flames/news/geoff-ward-named-interim-coach-311936354 |website=NHL.com |access-date=November 29, 2019 |date=November 29, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bill Peters quits as Calgary Flames coach after racist slurs revealed |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/sports/bill-peters-quits-calgary-flames-coach-after-racist-slurs-revealed-n1093511 |website=NBC News |access-date=November 22, 2023 |date=November 29, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ward ya kafa sabon tarihin ƙungiyar ta hanyar fara aikinsa na horarwa da nasarori bakwai a jere. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/hockey/nhl/breaking-flames-undefeated-start-geoff-ward-era/|title=Breaking down the Flames' undefeated start to the Geoff Ward era|website=sportsnet.ca|access-date=May 24, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ta buga wasanni 70 ne kawai a kakar wasannin yau da kullum, wadda ta ƙare bayan 11 ga Maris 2020 saboda annobar coronavirus. Bisa kaso na maki da ta samu a wasannin kakar, ta samu gurbin shiga playoffs a matsayin ta takwas a Western Conference, sannan ta doke Winnipeg Jets a wasanni huɗu a zagayen cancantar shiga playoffs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/2020/08/07/flames-beat-jets-4-0-in-game-4-win-qualifying-round-series/|title=Flames beat Jets 4-0 in Game 4, win qualifying round series|newspaper=San Diego Union-Tribune|date=August 7, 2020|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dallas Stars ta fitar da Flames a zagayen farko na playoffs a wasanni shida.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/nhl/nhl-playoffs-flames-stars-recap-game-6-aug-20-1.5694444|title=Flames fade fast following early 3-goal lead as Stars find offence to advance|last=Bennett|first=Dean|date=August 20, 2020|website=CBC.ca|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 4 ga Maris 2021, yayin da Flames ke da tarihin 11–11–2, an kori Ward sannan aka sake ɗaukar Sutter a matsayin babban kocin Flames.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Calgary Flames fire Geoff Ward, name Darryl Sutter as new head coach|url=https://www.espn.com/nhl/story/_/id/31007635/calgary-flames-fire-geoff-ward-name-darryl-sutter-new-head-coach|last=Wyshnyski|first=Greg|website=ESPN.com|date=March 5, 2021|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zaman Giordano a matsayin kyaftin ya ƙare lokacin da Seattle Kraken ta zaɓe shi a zaɓen faɗaɗa ƙungiyoyin NHL na 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Saelhof|first=Todd|date=September 24, 2021|title=Hockey goes on for Flames without Captain Giordano|work=Calgary Sun|url=https://calgarysun.com/sports/hockey/nhl/calgary-flames/hockey-goes-on-for-flames-without-captain-giordano|access-date=November 1, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙungiyar ta kammala a matsayi na farko a Pacific Division sannan ta koma playoffs bayan ta kasa samun gurbi a kakar 2020–21.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/3265602/2022/04/22/the-flames-clinched-the-pacific-now-what-here-are-4-questions-i-still-have-about-the-flames-pre-playoffs/|title=The Flames clinched the Pacific. Now what? 4 questions I have about the team pre-playoffs|last=Salvian|first=Harvey|newspaper=The New York Times|date=April 22, 2022|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta kara da Dallas Stars a zagayen farko na playoffs na Stanley Cup na 2022 kuma ta lashe jerin wasannin da ci 4–3.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2022 Stanley Cup Playoffs Game 7 results: Flames and Rangers both move on after thrilling overtime wins |url=https://www.cbssports.com/nhl/news/2022-stanley-cup-playoffs-game-7-results-flames-and-rangers-both-move-on-after-thrilling-overtime-wins/live/ |access-date=May 16, 2022 |website=CBSSports.com|date=May 16, 2022 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A jerin wasannin Battle of Alberta na playoffs na farko tun 1991, Flames ta sha kashi a hannun Oilers a wasanni biyar a zagaye na biyu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Flames lost due to lack of production by top line, Markstrom's struggles |url=https://www.nhl.com/news/why-calgary-eliminated-from-stanley-cup-playoffs-334355494 |access-date=May 27, 2022 |website=NHL.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Flames eliminated by Oilers in Game 5 that Coffey says is 'just nuts' |url=https://www.nhl.com/news/calgary-ousted-by-edmonton-in-game-5-paul-coffey-says-is-just-nuts-334352680 |access-date=May 27, 2022|website=NHL.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Babban sauyin ’yan wasa (2022–zuwa yanzu)===
A hutun kakar 2022 an samu ficewar da shigowar manyan ’yan wasa da dama. Gaudreau ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru bakwai domin shiga Columbus Blue Jackets, inda ya bar Flames.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Even after turning down Flames' final offer, Gaudreau 'still thought about going back' |url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/nhl/article/even-after-turning-down-flames-final-offer-gaudreau-still-thought-about-going-back/ |access-date=July 23, 2022 |publisher=Sportsnet |date=July 20, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tkachuk — wanda ɗan wasa ne mai ’yanci da takaita — ya ce ba ya son sanya hannu kan kwangila mai tsawo a Calgary.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tkachuk to be traded imminently after telling Flames he won't sign an extension |date=July 20, 2022 |url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/nhl/article/tkachuk-to-be-traded-imminently-after-telling-flames-he-wont-sign-an-extension/ |publisher=Sportsnet |access-date=July 23, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan ya nemi a gudanar da shari’ar albashi da ƙungiyar ta zaɓa, Flames ta yi musayar Tkachuk da zaɓen zagaye na huɗu na 2025 mai sharadi a ranar 23 ga Yuli zuwa Florida Panthers, a madadin ɗan wasan gaba Jonathan Huberdeau, mai tsaron baya MacKenzie Weegar, ɗan wasa mai tasowa Cole Schwindt, da zaɓen zagaye na farko na 2025 mai sharadi. A matsayin wani ɓangare na tattaunawar musayar, Tkachuk ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru takwas da Flames kafin a yi musayar shi zuwa Panthers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/nhl/article/flames-trade-star-matthew-tkachuk-to-the-panthers/|title=Flames trade Tkachuk to Panthers for monster haul headlined by Huberdeau|date=September 2, 2022|website=Sportsnet.ca|accessdate=June 30, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 18 ga Agusta, Flames ta yi musayar Monahan da zaɓen zagaye na farko na 2025 zuwa Montreal Canadiens a madadin wasu la'akari na gaba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Flames trading Sean Monahan to Canadiens to clear cap room for Kadri |url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/nhl/flames-trade-sean-monahan-to-canadiens-sign-kadri/ |access-date=August 19, 2022 |website=Sportsnet.ca |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan ya ba Flames damar ɗaukar ɗan wasan gaba na Colorado Avalanche Nazem Kadri, wanda ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru bakwai a wannan rana.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/carolschram/2022/08/18/the-calgary-flames-strike-again-sign-free-agent-nazem-kadri-to-7-year-49-million-deal/|title=Calgary Flames Strike Again, Signing Nazem Kadri To 7-Year, $49 Million Free-Agent Deal|last=Schram|first=Carol|date=August 18, 2022|website=Forbes.com|accessdate=June 30, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Duk da rasa ’yan wasa biyu da suka samu maki 100, an yaba wa sauye-sauyen da babban manaja Brad Treliving ya yi, inda wasu suka yi hasashen cewa Flames za ta iya zama ƙungiyar da za ta fi fafutukar lashe Stanley Cup a kakar 2022–23.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='Masterful' management: Flames GM Brad Treliving is the MVP of the summer |url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/nhl/masterful-management-flames-gm-brad-treliving-is-the-mvp-of-the-summer/ |access-date=August 19, 2022 |website=Sportsnet.ca |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ta kasa shiga playoffs, sannan Treliving ya bar matsayinsa na babban manaja a ranar 17 ga Afrilu. An naɗa Don Maloney a matsayin daraktan harkokin hockey na ƙungiyar kuma ya maye gurbin Treliving a matsayin babban manaja na riƙon ƙwarya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Francis |first1=Eric |title=Treliving's decision to bolt leaves Flames looking lost |date=April 17, 2023 |url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/nhl/article/trelivings-decision-to-bolt-leaves-flames-looking-lost/ |publisher=Sportsnet |access-date=Apr 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 23 ga Mayu 2023, an naɗa Craig Conroy a matsayin babban manajan ƙungiyar bayan ya shafe shekaru tara a matsayin mataimakin babban manaja.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Van Diest |first1=Derek |title=Conroy named general manager of Flames |url=https://www.nhl.com/news/craig-conroy-named-general-manager-of-calgary-flames-344535592 |publisher=nhl.com |access-date=May 23, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 12 ga Yuni, an naɗa Ryan Huska a matsayin sabon babban kocin ƙungiyar bayan an kori Sutter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pike |first1= Ryan |title=Calgary Flames name Ryan Huska as their new head coach |date= June 12, 2023 |url=https://flamesnation.ca/news/calgary-flames-name-ryan-huska-as-their-new-head-coach |publisher=Flamesnation.ca |access-date=Jul 31, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Musayar farko da Conroy ya yi ita ce aika babban mai zura ƙwallaye Tyler Toffoli zuwa New Jersey Devils a madadin Yegor Sharangovich da zaɓen zagaye na uku na 2023 a ranar 27 ga Yuni.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Clark |first1=Ryan S. |title=Flames trade Tyler Toffoli to Devils for Sharangovich, 2023 pick |date=June 28, 2023 |url=https://www.espn.com/nhl/story/_/id/37924953/flames-trade-tyler-toffoli-devils-sharangovich-2023-pick |publisher=ESPN |access-date=July 31, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mikael Backlund, wanda ya kasance ɗan wasan Flames mafi daɗewa a ƙungiyar, an naɗa shi kyaftin a ranar 27 ga Satumba 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gilbertson |first1=Wes |title=Mikael Backlund signs extension, named captain of Flames |url=https://calgarysun.com/sports/hockey/nhl/calgary-flames/mikael-backlund-sign-contract-extension-calgary-flames |publisher=Calgary Sun |access-date=July 31, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin kakar 2023–24, Conroy ya yi musayar Elias Lindholm zuwa Vancouver Canucks a madadin Andrei Kuzmenko, Hunter Brzustewicz, Joni Jurmo, zaɓen zagaye na farko da zaɓen zagaye na huɗu mai sharadi a zaɓen NHL na 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5242937/2024/02/01/elias-lindholm-canucks-flames-trade/|title=Why the Calgary Flames decided it was time to trade Elias Lindholm|last=McKenzie|first=Julian|newspaper=The New York Times|date=February 1, 2024|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haka kuma daga cikin ’yan wasan da aka yi musayar su akwai Nikita Zadorov,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Wells |first1=Nick |title=Canucks acquire defenceman from Zadorov from Flames for pair of picks |url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/nhl/canucks-flames-zadorov-trade-1.7045790 |publisher=cbc.ca |access-date=July 31, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chris Tanev,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Ellis |first1=Brendan |title=Flames trade defenceman Chris Tanev to Stars |date=February 29, 2024 |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/calgary/article/flames-trade-defenceman-chris-tanev-to-dallas-stars/ |publisher=CTV News |access-date=July 31, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Noah Hanifin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Ellis |first1=Brendan |title=Flames trade Noah Hanifin to Golden Knights |url=https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/flames-trade-noah-hanifin-to-golden-knights-tsn-1.6797476 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307000600/https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/flames-trade-noah-hanifin-to-golden-knights-tsn-1.6797476 |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 7, 2024 |publisher=CTV News |access-date=July 31, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kakar 2024–25, an yi musayar Kuzmenko zuwa Philadelphia Flyers. Flames ta kasa shiga playoffs a karo na uku a jere.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/calgary-flames-eliminated-playoff-contention-031621295.html?guccounter=1&amp;guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&amp;guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAI6YgTbt4TPtWse2AxLMsidGIv7OWHA99SHDQVi9G9VVMIU4Y4Y-6ob3_ikzUokfxC7rOawELwKP1hMXIGntCQWk7yMXFV_BuxBHHTAt2v5FHwR0Xf8leZlJUupOOpOoB1So2_RNzcfnAuV5NubV6NWWRUTpQI8Q946aYs5W7xGD|title=Calgary Flames Eliminated from Playoff Contention After Win by St. Louis, Point by Minnesota|via=The Hockey News|last=Fasih|first=Ismail|date=April 15, 2025|website=Sports.Yahoo.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tasirin al'umma==
[[File:Flamescentral.JPG|thumb|right|Flames Central wani gidan abinci da mashaya ne da ke cikin tsakiyar birnin Calgary, wanda Flames suka mallaka daga 2006 zuwa 2017.]]

Domin cike sauran ranakun amfani da Saddledome, Flames sun amince da yarjejeniyar haya da Calgary Hitmen, wata sabuwar ƙungiyar gasar Western Hockey League ta matakin matasa, wadda ta fara wasa a 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Larry |last=Tucker |title=Method to this madness |page=62 |work=Calgary Sun |date=June 24, 1994}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan shekaru biyu, Flames suka sayi ƙungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Mark |last=Miller |title=Hitmen finally go up in Flames |work=Calgary Sun |page=S5 |date=June 14, 1997}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin kulle-kullen NHL na 2004–05, Flames sun yi wa Hitmen tallatawa sosai, kuma ƙungiyar ta kasance kan gaba cikin dukkan ƙungiyoyin wasan hockey na ƙwararru ko na matasa a Arewacin Amurka wajen yawan masu kallo, inda matsakaicin masu kallo ya wuce 10,000 a kowane wasa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Hockey/Junior/2005/03/19/966358-sun.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107063741/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Hockey/Junior/2005/03/19/966358-sun.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 7, 2015 |title=Kisio on the hot seat |access-date=April 8, 2008 |author=Francis, Eric |date=March 19, 2005 |work=Calgary Sun }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Afrilu 2006, Flames sun sanar da cewa za su buɗe wani wuri mai haɗa gidan abinci, mashaya da wurin nishaɗi a tsakiyar birnin Calgary, a kan Stephen Avenue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.flamescentral.com/press.php?04202006 |title=The Calgary Flames and Concorde Entertainment Group announce venture to introduce hybrid restaurant, bar and entertainment facility to open in August 2006 |access-date=September 17, 2008 |date=April 20, 2006 |work=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070915113914/http://www.flamescentral.com/press.php?04202006 |archive-date=September 15, 2007 |quote=The Calgary Flames... announced today a venture to open a hybrid restaurant, bar and entertainment facility... |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan shekara guda, aka buɗe Flames Central ga jama'a.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.flamescentral.com/press.php?04102007 |title=Flames Central and Wildfire Grill open to public |access-date=September 17, 2008 |date=April 10, 2007 |work=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027061410/http://www.flamescentral.com/press.php?04102007 |archive-date=October 27, 2007 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2017, wurin ya koma amfani da tsohon sunansa na Palace Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://calgaryherald.com/news/local-news/flames-central-changing-name-back-to-palace-theater|title=Flames Central changing name back to Palace Theatre|last=Rumbolt|first=Ryan|date=January 14, 2017|work=Calgary Herald|access-date=July 18, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Gidauniyar Flames===
Ta hannun ƙungiyar agaji marar riba ta ƙungiyar, wato Flames Foundation, ƙungiyar ta rika bayar da tallafi ga wasu manufofi a kudancin Alberta tun daga shekarar 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=2009–10 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean |page=27}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tare da Rotary Club, Flames sun taimaka wajen samar da asusun gina cibiyar farko ta kula da yara masu fama da cututtuka masu tsanani a Alberta, kuma ɗaya daga cikin irin waɗannan cibiyoyi guda shida kacal a Arewacin Amurka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/alberta-to-get-first-children-s-hospice-1.634884 |title=Alberta to get first children's hospice |date=May 9, 2007 |access-date=December 7, 2007 |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://calgaryflamesfoundation.com/flames-make-1-million-donation-to-rotary-flames-house/|title=Flames Donate $1 Million to Rotary Flames House – Calgary Flames Foundation|website=CalgaryFlamesFoundation.ca|date=October 4, 2018 |access-date=January 23, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Flames suna da kusanci da Alberta Children's Hospital da kuma Gordon Townsend School da ke cikin asibitin. Flames suna shiga gasar Wheelchair Hockey Challenge tare da Townsend Tigers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Sylvester |first=Krista |url=http://www.metronews.ca/calgary/local/article/463248--flames-fall-to-townsend-tigers |title=Flames fall to Townsend Tigers |date=February 26, 2010 |access-date=December 31, 2010 |publisher=Metro News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605082254/http://www.metronews.ca/calgary/local/article/463248--flames-fall-to-townsend-tigers |archive-date=June 5, 2011 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===&quot;C of Red&quot;===
[[File:C of Red Flag.JPG|thumb|C of Red a lokacin wasannin neman Stanley Cup na 2009]]
Al'adar C of Red ta samo asali ne daga wasannin neman Stanley Cup na 1986 da aka yi tsakanin Flames da Oilers. Magoya bayan Oilers sun sanya huluna masu tallata &quot;Hat Trick Fever&quot; yayin da suke neman lashe Stanley Cup sau uku a jere. Magoya bayan Flames suka mayar da martani ta hanyar sanya jajayen kaya. A wasannin neman kofi na 1987 da aka yi da Winnipeg, Jets sun mayar da martani ga C of Red ta hanyar ƙarfafa magoya bayansu su sanya fararen kaya, abin da ya haifar da abin da aka kira &quot;Winnipeg whiteout&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Hal|last=Sigurdson|author-link=Hal Sigurdson|title=Whiteout aside, defence tells tale|work=Winnipeg Free Press|page=83|date=April 18, 1987}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da Flames ke fafatawa har zuwa wasan ƙarshe na Stanley Cup na 2004, yawancin magoya bayan Flames da suka halarci wasannin hockey a Saddledome sun sanya rigar ja mai ɗauke da harafin C mai kama da harshen wuta na Calgary.&lt;ref name=&quot;usatoday&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/sports/hockey/cup/2004-05-25-flames-cover_x.htm |title=Flames: Bright spot for Canada |website=USA Today |author=Gardiner, Andy |date=May 25, 2004 |access-date=December 7, 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sayar da jajayen rigar gida ta Flames, wadda aka gabatar a farkon kakar 2003–04, ya yi ƙarfi sosai a lokacin wasannin neman kofi har kamfanin da ke kera ta, CCM, ya dakatar da samar da rigunan sauran ƙungiyoyi domin ya iya biyan buƙatar.&lt;ref name=&quot;LATRedMile&quot; /&gt; Ƙungiyar kuma ta kafa tarihin gasar wajen sayar da sabon ƙirar rigar ƙungiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Fisher|first=Scott|title=Red-hot jersey breaks record|work=Calgary Sun|date=May 21, 2004}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Disamba 2018, ƙungiyar mawakan rock ta Calgary, the Dudes, tare da ƙungiyar Calgary Flames, sun fitar da sabon salo na waƙarsu mai taken hockey &quot;Saturday Night&quot;, mai suna &quot;My C is Alright&quot;, domin girmama C of Red.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=SATURDAY NIGHT |url=https://www.nhl.com/flames/video/saturday-night/t-277437092/c-63798403 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111200434/https://www.nhl.com/flames/video/saturday-night/t-277437092/c-63798403 |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 11, 2020 |access-date=May 7, 2022 |website=NHL.com|date=December 9, 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Red Mile===
{{Main|Red Mile}}
A lokacin da Flames ke fafatawa har zuwa wasan ƙarshe na Stanley Cup na 2004, yankin nishaɗi na 17th Avenue SW, wanda ya taso daga Scotiabank Saddledome zuwa yamma, ya ga magoya baya har 35,000 sun cika tituna a zagayen farko na wasannin neman kofi guda uku,&lt;ref name=&quot;usatoday&quot; /&gt; sannan fiye da 60,000 a wasannin ƙarshe.&lt;ref name=&quot;LATRedMile&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Foster |first=Chris |title=It's one for all for Flames |work=Los Angeles Times |date=June 5, 2004 |page=D5}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jaridar da dama a Arewacin Amurka sun bayar da rahoto game da bukukuwan Red Mile,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=James |first=Brant |url=http://www.sptimes.com/2004/05/20/Sports/Flames_reach_Stanley_.shtml |title=Flames reach Stanley Cup final |publisher=St. Petersburg Times |date=May 20, 2004 |access-date=December 7, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018211821/http://www.sptimes.com/2004/05/20/Sports/Flames_reach_Stanley_.shtml |archive-date=October 18, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; saboda bukukuwan sun kasance cikin lumana kuma abubuwan da ba su dace ba sun kasance kaɗan duk da yawan mutanen da ke cikin ƙaramin wuri.&lt;ref name=&quot;RedMileSun&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Rodriguez |first=Jose |title=Red Mile reality check |work=Calgary Sun |date=April 14, 2006 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Afrilu 2006, Calgary Police Service ta sanar da cewa za a hana tarukan Red Mile gwiwa, ciki har da karkatar da zirga-zirga, aiwatar da manufar rashin sassauci ga hayaniya da halayen tayar da hankali, da kuma tura jami'an 'yan sanda sanye da tufafin farar hula cikin taron domin rubuta tikiti ga masu karya doka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Seskus |first=Tony |author2=Sean Myers |url=http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/story.html?id=3ff860fa-18ea-4297-b0f2-f509d7021af9&amp;k=59310 |title=The party's over for the Red Mile |work=Calgary Herald |date=May 2, 2006 |access-date=November 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205090945/http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/story.html?id=3ff860fa-18ea-4297-b0f2-f509d7021af9&amp;k=59310 |archive-date=February 5, 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan ganawa da shugaban 'yan sanda, Magajin garin Calgary Dave Bronconnier ya shawo kan Calgary Police Service ta sassauta dokar hana tarukan &quot;Red Mile&quot;, tare da ƙarfafa mutane su nufi 17th Avenue. 'Yan sandan sun ci gaba da aiwatar da manufar rashin sassauci kan bayyana tsiraici a bainar jama'a da kuma maye.&lt;ref name=&quot;RedMileSun&quot; /&gt;

==Bayanan ƙungiyar==
===Mutanen da ke da rawar gani a lokacin wasa===
Tun daga shekarar 2014, mawaƙin waƙoƙin ƙasar Kanada [[George Canyon]] yana rera waƙar &quot;[[O Canada]]&quot; da &quot;[[The Star-Spangled Banner]]&quot; a mafi yawan wasannin gida,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://calgaryherald.com/news/george-canyon-named-anthem-singer-for-calgary-flames|title=George Canyon named anthem singer for Calgary Flames|newspaper=Calgary Herald|date=October 16, 2014|accessdate=March 27, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; tare da mai buga organ Warren Tse. Willy Joosen shi ne mai buga organ na ƙungiyar har zuwa rasuwarsa a watan Yulin 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Willy Joosen, the Calgary Flames' organist since 1988, has died|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/longtime-calgary-flames-organist-willy-joosen-died-1.6508505|last=Lirette|first=Dominika|date=July 1, 2022|website=CBC.ca|accessdate=March 27, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Riguna===
[[File:9091Flames sm.gif|thumb|Rigunan asali da aka yi amfani da su daga 1980–1994. Daga baya an dawo da wannan ƙira a shekarar 2020, tare da wasu ƙananan sauye-sauye.]]
[[File:9596Flames sm.gif|thumb|Ƙira ta biyu da aka yi amfani da ita daga 1995–2000]]
Rigunan asali na Calgary Flames sun riƙe tsarin asali da ƙungiyar ta yi amfani da shi a Atlanta: fararen riguna masu jan kafaɗu da ratsin ja da rawaya, da jajayen riguna masu ratsin rawaya da fari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nhl.com/news/calgary-flames-bring-back-classic-jerseys-319301792|title=Flames bringing back classic jerseys from first season in Calgary|date=October 5, 2020|website=NHL.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 1998, domin bikin &quot;Shekarar Cowboy&quot;, Flames ta ƙaddamar da ƙirarta ta farko ta [[third jersey]], wadda ke ɗauke da tambarin &quot;doki mai harshen wuta&quot; a kan baƙar fata.&lt;ref name=&quot;FlamesHistory&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=2006–07 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean |pages=g. 4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan shekaru biyu, wannan riga ta zama rigar tafiye-tafiye ta Flames, yayin da aka sabunta rigar gida domin ƙara mata irin wannan tsarin ratsin mai siffar V a hannaye da kugu. An mayar da wannan riga zuwa matsayin rigar uku a shekarar 2003, lokacin da NHL ta fara amfani da riguna masu launi ga ƙungiyar gida.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.statenews.com/index.php/article/2003/01/nhl_039quacked039_up |title=NHL 'quacked' up with hockey jersey switch |author=Karol, Kristofer |access-date=December 7, 2007 |publisher=statenews.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511221346/http://www.statenews.com/index.php/article/2003/01/nhl_039quacked039_up |archive-date=May 11, 2008 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2007, tare da gabatar da rigar [[Reebok|Rbk]] Edge, Flames ta sabunta kamanninta ta maye gurbin ratsin kwance da ratsin tsaye a gefen rigunan. Domin girmama tarihin ƙungiyar, Flames ta ƙara [[Flag of Alberta|tutocin Alberta]] da [[Flag of Canada|Kanada]] a matsayin alamomin kafaɗa.&lt;ref name=&quot;RbkEdge&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://flames.nhl.com/team/app/?service=page&amp;page=NewsPage&amp;articleid=336594 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017102753/http://flames.nhl.com/team/app/?service=page&amp;page=NewsPage&amp;articleid=336594 |archive-date=October 17, 2007 |title=Flames unveil new look Rbk Edge uniform |date=September 4, 2007 |access-date=December 7, 2007 |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A gasar [[2011 Heritage Classic]], Flames ta sanya [[NHL uniform|rigunan wasa]] da aka tsara bisa [[Calgary Tigers]], ƙungiyar hockey ta ƙwararru ta farko a birnin a shekarun 1920. Flames ta sauya rigunan Tigers masu baƙi da zinariya zuwa launuka masu duhu na nata launuka – maroon da rawaya mai duhun gaske, tare da ratsin rawaya a ƙirji da ratsin da ke canzawa a hannaye. Tambarin C mai harshen wuta da wando sun kasance masu launin cream, wanda ya ƙara wa rigar kamannin &quot;tsohuwar zamani&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcsports.com/nhl/news/nhl-announces-2011-heritage-classic-in-calgary-flames-uniforms-cause-a-stir|title=NHL announces 2011 Heritage Classic in Calgary; Flames uniforms cause a stir|last=Yerdon|first=Joe|date=August 4, 2010|website=NBCSports.com|access-date=January 26, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2013, Flames ta gabatar da sabuwar riga ta uku domin maye gurbin rigar da aka yi bisa tsohuwar ƙira. Sabuwar ƙirar ta samu wahayi daga al'adun Yamma, inda aka rubuta &quot;Calgary&quot; da baƙaƙen rubutu a gaban riga, tare da baƙaƙen kafaɗu masu kaifi a gaba da ke kwaikwayon suturar cowboy. An yi amfani da wannan riga har zuwa kakar 2015–16, bayan haka aka dawo da rigunan uku na tsohuwar ƙira da aka yi amfani da su daga 2010 zuwa 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.metronews.ca/news/calgary/2016/09/21/calgary-flames-third-jersey-retro-nhl-season.html |title=Calgary Flames unveil retro third jersey for 2016/17 NHL season |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022091240/http://www.metronews.ca/news/calgary/2016/09/21/calgary-flames-third-jersey-retro-nhl-season.html |archive-date=October 22, 2016 |access-date=October 22, 2016 |date=September 21, 2016 |author=Krause, Darren |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A [[2019 Heritage Classic]] da aka buga da [[Winnipeg Jets]] a [[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]] ta [[Mosaic Stadium]], Flames ta dawo da farar rigarta ta asali a cikin tsarin zamani na AdiZero.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nhl.com/flames/news/heritage-classic-jersey-unveiled-309105068 |title=Heritage Classic Jersey Unveiled |date=September 13, 2019 |publisher=Calgary Flames |access-date=September 13, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2020, Flames ta ɗaga rigunan [[throwback uniform|tsohuwar ƙira]] da na Heritage Classic zuwa matsayin manyan riguna, yayin da ta ci gaba da amfani da jajayen riguna masu baƙaƙen gefuna a matsayin madadin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kavanagh |first=Tim |date=2020-10-05 |title=Flames go 'full retro' with a return to their classic uniform look |url=https://www.espn.com/nhl/story/_/id/30047225/calgary-flames-go-full-retro-return-their-classic-uniform-look |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=ESPN|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Nuwamban 2020, tare da sauran ƙungiyoyin gasar, Flames ta fitar da rigarta ta Reverse Retro. Ta yi kama da rigar madadin/duhu ta 1998–2006, tare da wasu ƙananan sauye-sauye kamar ratsuka biyu, ɗaya rawaya ɗaya kuma ja, ba tare da wani abu a ƙarƙashin waɗannan ratsin ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nhl.com/flames/news/flames-going-full-retro-319298278 |title=Flames Going Full Retro |date=October 5, 2020 |publisher=Calgary Flames |access-date=October 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; An daina amfani da jajayen rigunan masu baƙaƙen gefuna bayan kakar. A shekarar 2022, rigar baƙar fata ta &quot;Blasty&quot; ta dawo a matsayin rigar madadin, tare da ƙara alamun harshen wuta da aka saka a hannaye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite tweet |author=Calgary Flames|user=NHLFlames|number=1579875442391396354|title=GIDDY UP! Blasty is back and is now available in all @CGYTeamStore locations and online!}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haka kuma a shekarar 2022, Flames ta bayyana rigarta ta biyu ta &quot;Reverse Retro&quot;, wadda ta yi amfani da rigar 1994–2000 amma aka sanya baƙi a matsayin babban launi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=NHL Reverse Retro jerseys for all 32 teams unveiled by adidas|url=https://www.nhl.com/news/2022-adidas-nhl-reverse-retro-jerseys-reveal-336511528|website=NHL.com|date=October 20, 2022|access-date=October 20, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; A [[2023 Heritage Classic]], Flames ta sanya riguna masu launin cream da aka yi wahayi daga ƙungiyoyin hockey na [[Calgary Stampeders (ice hockey)|Calgary Stampeders]] na shekarun 1950 da 1960. Ƙirar ta ƙunshi tambarin zagaye mai launin ja wanda ke ɗauke da cikakken sunan ƙungiyar a kewaye da tambarin &quot;C mai harshen wuta&quot;. Launin rawaya kaɗai da aka yi amfani da shi a rigar yana cikin wannan tambarin zagaye. Rigar tana da ratsin ja da haruffa ja.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nhl.com/flames/news/nhl-adidas-unveil-heritage-classic-uniforms|title=NHL, adidas Unveil Heritage Classic Uniforms |date=September 26, 2023 |publisher=Calgary Flames |access-date=September 26, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kakar ƙarshe ta Flames a Saddledome a 2026–27, ƙungiyar ta sanya tsofaffin rigunan ja masu baƙaƙen ƙarin launuka da tambarin &quot;C mai harshen wuta&quot; da ta yi amfani da su daga 2003 zuwa 2007 a wasannin gida huɗu, waɗanda duk aka buga da ƙungiyoyin da suka shiga playoffs kuma Flames ta fuskance su a lokacin tafiyarta ta [[2003–04 Calgary Flames season|2003–04]] zuwa wasan ƙarshe na Stanley Cup.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nhl.com/flames/news/off-and-running|title=Off And Running!  |date=September 22, 2026 |publisher=Calgary Flames |access-date=September 23, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Tambari===
[[File:Calgary Flames horse head logo.svg|thumb|upright=0.7|Tambarin madadin na Calgary, wanda aka fi sani da Blasty, an yi amfani da shi daga 1998 zuwa 2007, sannan aka dawo da shi a shekarar 2022.]]
Babban tambarin Flames shi ne ƙirar &quot;C mai harshen wuta&quot;, wadda aka gabatar lokacin da ƙungiyar ta zo Calgary a shekarar 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.thehockeynews.com/issue/604738/22?t=Flames%E2%80%99%20Crest%20Draws%20Mixed%20Reaction|title=Flames' Crest Draws Mixed Reaction|last=Duhatschek|first=Erik|magazine=The Hockey News|date=September 1, 1980|volume=33|issue=37|access-date=January 25, 2026|archive-date=February 23, 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260223192654/https://archive.thehockeynews.com/issue/604738/22?t=Flames%E2%80%99%20Crest%20Draws%20Mixed%20Reaction|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; An daina amfani da tambarin doki mai harshen wuta, wanda ake yi wa laƙabi da &quot;Blasty&quot;, a shekarar 2007 tare da gabatar da sabuwar rigar Rbk Edge.&lt;ref name=&quot;RbkEdge&quot; /&gt; Sai dai a shekarar 2022, Flames ta sanar da dawo da tambarin &quot;Blasty&quot; a matsayin sabon tambarin rigar uku ta ƙungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-10-11 |title=Calgary Flames Bring Back &quot;Blasty&quot; as Third Jersey in 2022-23 - SportsLogos.Net News |url=https://news.sportslogos.net/2022/10/11/calgary-flames-bring-back-blasty-as-third-jersey-in-2022-23/hockey/ |access-date=2026-06-30 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Alamar ƙungiya===
Harvey the Hound shi ne [[mascot]] na Flames. An ƙirƙire shi a shekarar 1983 domin ya yi aiki tare da Flames da kuma [[Calgary Stampeders]] na [[Canadian Football League]].&lt;ref name=&quot;cbcmascots&quot;/&gt; Harvey shi ne mascot na farko a NHL.&lt;ref name=&quot;cbcmascots&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/columns/top10/mascots.html |title=Mascot Madness |publisher=CBC Sports |access-date=February 24, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070326210428/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/columns/top10/mascots.html |archive-date=March 26, 2007 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A watan Janairun 2003, babban kocin [[Edmonton Oilers]] [[Craig MacTavish]] ya fizge harshen mascot ɗin lokacin da yake damun bencin ƙungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Panaccio |first=Tim |url=http://articles.philly.com/2003-01-23/sports/25467163_1_tongue-hound-flyers-coach-ken-hitchcock |title=Flames' mascot is left speechless Harvey the Hound got too close to Oilers coach Craig MacTavish, and got his tongue ripped out |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer |date=January 23, 2003 |access-date=December 11, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113084324/http://articles.philly.com/2003-01-23/sports/25467163_1_tongue-hound-flyers-coach-ken-hitchcock |archive-date=January 13, 2012 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wannan lamarin ya sa sauran mascots na ƙungiyoyin NHL suka zo [[53rd National Hockey League All-Star Game|Wasannin All-Star na 2003]] suna fitar da harsunansu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Francis |first=Eric |title=The uncivil war |work=Calgary Sun |date=September 21, 2003}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ƙungiyoyin da ke ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar===
Ƙungiyar Calgary Flames ta yanzu da ke ƙarƙashin [[American Hockey League]] (AHL) ita ce [[Calgary Wranglers]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/nhl/article/flames-officially-reveal-calgary-wranglers-as-new-ahl-affiliate/|title=Flames officially reveal Calgary Wranglers as new AHL affiliate|date=August 2, 2022|website=Sportsnet.ca|accessdate=March 27, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ƙungiyar Flames ta yanzu da ke ƙarƙashin [[ECHL]] ita ce [[Rapid City Rush]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://rapidcityrush.com/news/2025/07/rush-announce-affiliation-extension-with-the-calgary-flames|title=RUSH ANNOUNCE AFFILIATION EXTENSION WITH THE CALGARY FLAMES|date=July 18, 2025|website=RapidCityRush.com|accessdate=March 27, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tarihin kakar wasa zuwa kakar wasa==
''Wannan jerin ne na ɗan ɓangare na kakar wasanni biyar na baya-bayan nan da Flames suka kammala. Don cikakken tarihin kakar wasa zuwa kakar wasa, duba List of Calgary Flames seasons.''

'''''Lura:''' GP = Wasannin da aka buga, W = Nasarori, L = Rashin nasara, T = Wasannin da aka tashi kunnen doki, OTL = Rashin nasara a karin lokaci, Pts = Maki, GF = Kwallayen da aka ci, GA = Kwallayen da aka zura wa ƙungiyar''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Kaka !! GP !! W !! L !! OTL !! Pts !! GF !! GA !! Matsayi !! Wasannin neman kofi
|-
| 2021–22 || 82 || 50 || 21 || 11 || 111 || 293 || 208 || Na 1, Pacific || An fitar da su a zagaye na biyu, 1–4 (Oilers)
|-
| 2022–23 || 82 || 38 || 27 || 17 || 93 || 260 || 252 || Na 5, Pacific || Ba su samu gurbin shiga ba
|-
| 2023–24 || 82 || 38 || 39 || 5 || 81 || 253 || 271 || Na 5, Pacific || Ba su samu gurbin shiga ba
|-
| 2024–25 || 82 || 41 || 27 || 14 || 96 || 225 || 238 || Na 4, Pacific || Ba su samu gurbin shiga ba
|-
| 2025–26 || 82 || 34 || 39 || 9 || 77 || 212 || 259 || Na 7, Pacific || Ba su samu gurbin shiga ba
|}

=='Yan wasa da ma'aikatan ƙungiya==

===Jerin 'yan wasan yanzu===

===Kyaftinocin ƙungiya===
[[File:Jarome Iginla Gold Stick.png|thumb|upright|Lanny McDonald yana bai wa Iginla sandar hockey ta zinariya. Waɗannan tsoffin kyaftinoni biyu ne kaɗai daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka ci kwallaye 500 a tarihin aikinsu a lokacin da suke sanye da rigar Flames.|alt=Wasu maza biyu, ɗaya sanye da cikakkiyar rigar hockey, ɗayan kuma cikin baƙar riga, suna riƙe da sandar hockey ta zinariya tare yayin da suke kallon wani mai ɗaukar hoto da ba a gani ba.]]
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* Brad Marsh, 1980–1982
* Phil Russell, 1981–1983
* Lanny McDonald, 1983–1989
* Jim Peplinski, 1984–1989
* Brad McCrimmon, 1989–1990
* ''Kyaftinoni masu juyawa'', 1990–1991{{Explain|date=May 2026|reason=Su waye suka yi matsayin kyaftinoni masu juyawa?}}
* Joe Nieuwendyk, 1991–1995
* Theoren Fleury, 1995–1997
* Todd Simpson, 1997–1999
* Steve Smith, 1999–2000
* Dave Lowry, 2000–2002
* Bob Boughner, 2002
* Craig Conroy, 2002–2003
* Jarome Iginla, 2003–2013
* Mark Giordano, 2013–2021
* Mikael Backlund, 2023–yanzu
{{div col end}}
McDonald da Risebrough sun kasance kyaftinoni tare a shekarar 1983–1984. McDonald da Peplinski sun kasance kyaftinoni tare daga 1987 zuwa 1989. Boughner da Conroy sun kasance kyaftinoni tare a rabin ƙarshen kakar 2001–02 bayan an cire Dave Lowry daga mukamin kyaftin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.eliteprospects.com/team/54/calgary-flames/captaincy-history|title=Calgary Flames Captain History|website=EliteProspects.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Mambobin da aka karrama===
{{See also|List of Calgary Flames award winners}}

====Lambobin da aka janye====
[[File:Calgary Flames Honoured Numbers.jpg|thumb|Lanny McDonald, Mike Vernon, Jarome Iginla, da Miika Kiprusoff su ne kaɗai daga cikin 'yan wasan Flames da ƙungiyar ta janye lambobinsu, yayin da Al MacInnis da Joe Nieuwendyk aka karrama lambobinsu a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin Flames na &quot;Forever a Flame&quot; (har yanzu ana iya amfani da lambobinsu). Ban da Iginla da Kiprusoff, duk waɗannan 'yan wasan sun kasance cikin ƙungiyar Flames da ta lashe Stanley Cup ta 1989.|alt=Manyan alluna huɗu masu siffar murabba'i suna rataye daga saman wani filin wasan hockey. Biyun da ke hagu galibi farare ne tare da jan da zinariya a gefuna. Na hagu daga cikinsu yana ɗauke da &quot;1981–1989 McDONALD 9&quot;, yayin da na dama ke ɗauke da &quot;1982–2002 VERNON 30&quot;. A gefen dama na waɗannan akwai wasu alluna biyu. Dukansu galibi ja ne, kuma kowanne yana ɗauke da lamba a sama, sannan jan bango mai gefen zinariya mai ɗauke da suna, sannan mutum sanye da cikakkiyar kayan hockey, yana sanye da farar riga mai gefen ja da farar hula. Na hagu yana ɗauke da &quot;2 MacINNIS&quot;, yayin da na dama ke ɗauke da &quot;25 NIEUWENDYK&quot;.]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+ style=&quot;background:#FFFFFF; border-top:#C8102E 5px solid; border-bottom:#F1BE48 5px solid;&quot; | Lambobin Calgary Flames da aka janye
|-
! width=40px|Lamba
! width=150px|Ɗan wasa
! width=60px|Matsayi
! width=100px|Lokacin aiki
! width=160px|Ranar janye lamba
|-
| '''9''' || Lanny McDonald || RW || 1981–1989 || 17 ga Maris, 1990
|-
| '''12''' || Jarome Iginla || RW || 1996–2013 || 2 ga Maris, 2019
|-
| '''30''' || Mike Vernon || G || 1982–1994&lt;br /&gt;2000–2002 || 6 ga Fabrairu, 2007
|-
| '''34''' || Miikka Kiprusoff || G || 2003–2013 || 2 ga Maris, 2024
|}
Calgary Flames ta janye lambobi huɗu, yayin da aka janye lamba ta biyar a dukkan ƙungiyoyin NHL. Flames ta janye lamba ta 9 domin girmama Lanny McDonald, wanda ya taka leda a matsayin winger na dama a Flames daga 1981 zuwa 1989, kuma ya lashe Stanley Cup a matsayin mataimakin kyaftin na Flames a shekarar ƙarshe ta aikinsa. An janye lamba ta 30 domin girmama Mike Vernon, mai tsaron raga na Flames daga 1982 zuwa 1994 da kuma daga 2000 zuwa 2002.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sportsline.com/nhl/teams/history/CGY |title=Calgary Flames history |publisher=CBS Sportsline |access-date=January 4, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407213822/http://www.cbssports.com/nhl/teams/history/CGY |archive-date=April 7, 2014 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ta janye lamba ta 12 ta Jarome Iginla a shekarar 2019; ya taka leda a matsayin winger na dama a Flames daga 1996 zuwa 2013, sannan ya kasance kyaftin ɗin ƙungiyar daga 2003 zuwa 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Francis |first1=Eric |title=Flames give Jarome Iginla deserved, fitting retirement ceremony – Sportsnet.ca |url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/hockey/nhl/flames-give-jarome-iginla-deserved-fitting-retirement-ceremony/ |website=sportsnet.ca |access-date=March 4, 2019 |date=March 2, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; An janye lamba ta 34 ta Miika Kiprusoff a shekarar 2024; ya kasance mai tsaron ragar Flames na tsawon shekaru 11 daga 2003 zuwa 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Vickers |first1=Aaron |title=Flames retire Kiprusoff's No. 34, former goalie turns emotional during speech |url=https://www.nhl.com/news/calgary-flames-miikka-kiprusoff-retired-number |website=NHL.com |access-date=March 3, 2024 |date=March 2, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; NHL ta janye lamba ta 99 ta Wayne Gretzky ga dukkan ƙungiyoyin da ke cikinta a lokacin Wasan Taurarin NHL na 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Perfect setting: Gretzky's number retired before All-Star Game |publisher=CNN Sports Illustrated. Associated Press |date=February 6, 2000 |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/hockey/nhl/2000/nhl_allstar/news/2000/02/06/gretsky_99/ |access-date=June 9, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112022319/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/hockey/nhl/2000/nhl_allstar/news/2000/02/06/gretsky_99/ |archive-date=November 12, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2012, ƙungiyar Flames ta ƙaddamar da shirin &quot;Forever a Flame&quot; domin karrama waɗanda suka taka leda ko wakilci Calgary Flames ba tare da janye lambobinsu ba. A ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2012, mai tsaron baya Al MacInnis ya samu wannan karramawa, inda aka ɗaga wata alama mai ɗauke da hotonsa da lambarsa ta 2 zuwa saman Scotiabank Saddledome.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://flames.nhl.com/club/news.htm?id=617091 |title=Flames introduce 'Forever a Flame' |publisher=Flames.com |date=February 15, 2012 |access-date=March 7, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021021516/https://www.nhl.com/flames/news/flames-introduce-forever-a-flame/c-617091 |archive-date=October 21, 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; An karrama Joe Nieuwendyk haka ma a ranar 7 ga Maris, 2014, tare da taken &quot;Forever 25&quot;, wanda ke nuni da lambar 25 da ke jikin rigarsa da kuma cikar shekaru 25 tun bayan lashe kambun 1989.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/news.htm?id=708418|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308035829/http://www.nhl.com/ice/news.htm?id=708418|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 8, 2014|title='Forever a Flame,' Nieuwendyk to receive honor|author=Vickers, Aaron |publisher=Flames.com|date=March 7, 2014|access-date=March 7, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Mambobin Hockey Hall of Fame====
Tsoffin 'yan wasan Flames goma sha biyu ne aka zaɓa zuwa Hockey Hall of Fame, shida daga cikinsu sun samu wannan matsayi ne musamman saboda gudummawar da suka bayar a Calgary. Lanny McDonald shi ne ɗan wasan Flames na farko da aka shigar, bayan an zaɓe shi a shekarar 1992. McDonald ya ci kwallaye 215 a wasanni 492 cikin shekaru bakwai da rabi da ya yi a Flames, ciki har da tarihin ƙungiyar na kwallaye 66 a kakar 1982–83. A shekarar 2000, Joe Mullen, wanda shi ma yana cikin ƙungiyar da ta lashe Stanley Cup na 1989, ya bi shi. Mullen ya shafe shekaru biyar tare da Flames, inda ya tara maki 388 kuma ya lashe Lady Byng Trophies guda biyu. Grant Fuhr, wanda aka zaɓa a 2003, ya zama tsohon ɗan wasan Flames na uku da ya shiga Hall. Fuhr ya buga kaka ɗaya kacal a Calgary, amma ya ci nasarar wasansa na 400 a tarihin aikinsa a cikin rigar Flames, inda ya doke Florida Panthers a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 1999.&lt;ref name=&quot;hhof&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=2006–07 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean |pages=gs. 20–21}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2007, Al MacInnis ya zama tsohon ɗan wasan Flames na huɗu da aka shigar Hall. MacInnis ya kasance cikin Flames daga 1981 zuwa 1994. Ya lashe Conn Smythe Trophy a 1989 a matsayin fitaccen ɗan wasa na wasannin neman kofi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/nhl/halloffame07/bio?page=nhlhall07/macinnis |title=2007 Hockey Hall of Fame – Al MacInnis bio |author=Burnside, Scott |date=November 9, 2007 |publisher=ESPN |access-date=December 7, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024103558/http://sports.espn.go.com/nhl/halloffame07/bio?page=nhlhall07/macinnis |archive-date=October 24, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 2009, Brett Hull ya zama ɗan wasa na biyar a tarihin Calgary Flames da aka shigar Hall.&lt;ref name=HHOF&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/ind09prolog.htm#1styears |title=Hockey Hall of Fame Announces 2009 Inductees |date=June 23, 2009 |access-date=June 23, 2009 |work=Legends of Hockey |publisher=Hockey Hall of Fame |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706135908/http://www.legendsofhockey.net/html/ind09prolog.htm |archive-date=July 6, 2010 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Flames ta zaɓe shi na 117 a cikin 1984 NHL entry draft, kuma ya fara aikinsa a NHL da yin kaka biyu (1986–1988) tare da Calgary.&lt;ref name=HHOF/&gt;

A ranar 28 ga Yuni, 2011, an sanar da cewa tsoffin 'yan wasan gaba na Flames Doug Gilmour da Joe Nieuwendyk za su zama mambobi na shida da na bakwai da za su shiga Hockey Hall of Fame.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/chicago/nhl/news/story?id=6712953 |title=Hockey Hall of Fame welcomes four |date=June 29, 2011 |access-date=August 1, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021224530/http://www.espn.com/chicago/nhl/news/story?id=6712953 |archive-date=October 21, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 29 ga Yuni, 2015, an shigar da mai tsaron baya Phil Housley, wanda ya zama ɗan wasa na takwas a tarihin Flames da ya samu wannan karramawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | title=Hockey-Hall-of-Famer Phil Housley creative for Calgary Flames during lean years | author=Gilbertson, Wes | date=June 29, 2015 | work=Calgary Sun | url=http://www.calgarysun.com/2015/06/29/hockey-hall-of-famer-phil-housley-creative-for-calgary-flames-during-lean-years | access-date=October 18, 2016 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304091527/http://www.calgarysun.com/2015/06/29/hockey-hall-of-famer-phil-housley-creative-for-calgary-flames-during-lean-years | archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Housley ya taka leda wa Flames a lokuta biyu daban, wato 1994–1996 da 1998–2001. Sergei Makarov ya shiga a matsayin wani ɓangare na ajin 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.660news.com/2016/06/27/former-flame-sergei-makarov-named-to-2016-hockey-hall-of-fame-class/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822055049/http://www.660news.com/2016/06/27/former-flame-sergei-makarov-named-to-2016-hockey-hall-of-fame-class/ |archive-date=August 22, 2016 |author=Prusina, Sandra |title=Former Flame Sergei Makarov named to 2016 Hockey Hall of Fame class |publisher=660 News |date=June 27, 2016 |access-date=October 18, 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zaɓi Makarov na 231 a cikin 1983 NHL entry draft, kuma ya shiga Flames a 1989, inda ya lashe Calder Memorial Trophy a matsayin sabon ɗan wasa mafi kyau na shekara yana da shekaru 31. Ya buga wa Flames daga 1989 zuwa 1993. Martin St. Louis ya zama ɗan wasa na goma da aka shigar Hall.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-06-26 |title=Hockey Hall of Fame names its 2018 class |url=https://www.tsn.ca/hockey-hall-of-fame-names-its-2018-class-1.1123690 |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=TSN |agency=The Canadian Press}}&lt;/ref&gt; St. Louis yana cikin ƙungiyar Flames daga 1997 zuwa 2000, inda ya raba lokacinsa tsakanin ƙungiyar Flames ta American Hockey League, Saint John Flames, da babban ƙungiyar. A ranar 24 ga Yuni, 2020, Jarome Iginla ya zama ɗan wasa na goma sha ɗaya da aka shigar Hall of Fame. Ya buga wa Flames daga 1996 zuwa 2013; a lokacin da yake tare da ƙungiyar ya lashe lambobin yabo da dama ciki har da Art Ross Trophy, Lester B. Pearson Award da Maurice &quot;Rocket&quot; Richard Trophy.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/nhl/hockey-hall-of-fame-2020-class-ceremony-1.6249953|title=Jarome Iginla, Kim St-Pierre among 2020 class enshrined in Hockey Hall of Fame|last=Clipperton|first=Joshua|via=Canadian Press|date=November 15, 2021|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekarar 2023, Mike Vernon ya zama ɗan wasa na goma sha biyu da aka shigar Hall of Fame. Vernon ya buga wa Flames daga 1982 zuwa 1994 da kuma daga 2000 zuwa 2002.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://thehockeynews.com/nhl/detroit-red-wings/players/from-the-archive-mike-vernon-elected-to-hhof-class-of-2023|title=From The Archive: Mike Vernon Elected to HHOF Class of 2023|last=Whitaker|first=Michael|magazine=The Hockey News|date=August 8, 2025|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tsohon babban kocin ƙungiyar, &quot;Badger&quot; Bob Johnson, ya shiga tare da McDonald a ajin 1992, inda aka zaɓe shi a matsayin mai gina hockey. Johnson ya horar da Flames na tsawon shekaru biyar daga 1982 zuwa 1987, kuma nasarorin wasansa 193 har yanzu su ne tarihin ƙungiyar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://uwbadgers.com/news/2007/6/19/Badger_Bob_to_be_Inducted_into_Colorado_Springs_Hall_of_Fame|title=Badger Bob to be Inducted into Colorado Springs Hall of Fame|date=June 19, 2007|website=UWBadgers.com|access-date=January 25, 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cliff Fletcher ya kasance babban manajan Flames tun kafuwar ƙungiyar a 1972 har zuwa 1991, tsawon shekaru 19. A lokacin, Flames ta samu gurbin shiga wasannin neman kofi sau goma sha shida a jere tsakanin 1976 da 1991. An shigar da Fletcher Hall a 2004. A shekarar 2006, Harley Hotchkiss ya zama mai gina hockey na uku daga Flames da ya samu wannan karramawa. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin asalin ƙungiyar masu mallakar da suka sayi Flames kuma suka kawo ƙungiyar Calgary a 1980. Ya kasance gwamnan ƙungiyar na dogon lokaci kuma fuskar jama'a ta ƙungiyar masu mallakar. Ya yi shekaru da dama a matsayin shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa na NHL kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen warware kulle-kullen 2004–05.&lt;ref name=&quot;hhof&quot; /&gt; Shi ma ɗaya daga cikin asalin masu mallakar, Doc Seaman, an shigar da shi Hall a 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/news.htm?id=532349 |title=Ciccarelli, Granato, Jimmy D lead Hall call |publisher=National Hockey League |date=June 22, 2010 |access-date=June 22, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151106090247/http://www.nhl.com/ice/newsindex.htm?location=%2Fhalloffame&amp;view=headline |archive-date=November 6, 2015 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 29 ga Yuni, 2015, an zaɓi tsohon ɗan wasa Bill Hay zuwa Hockey Hall of Fame a matsayin mai gina hockey. Hay ya kasance shugaban ƙungiyar kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na Flames a shekarun 1990.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hockey Hall of Fame announces new inductees |url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/nhl/hockey-hall-of-fame-announces-new-inductees-1.3132102 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701174003/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/nhl/hockey-hall-of-fame-announces-new-inductees-1.3132102 |archive-date=July 1, 2015 |date=June 29, 2015 |access-date=October 18, 2016 |publisher=CBC News |author=Whyno, Stephen |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mai sharhin rediyon Flames Peter Maher ya samu Foster Hewitt Memorial Award a 2006 saboda shekarun da ya yi yana aikin sharhin wasannin Calgary Flames kai tsaye a rediyo.&lt;ref name=&quot;hhof&quot; /&gt; Tsohon mai kula da 'yan wasa na dogon lokaci Bearcat Murray an shigar da shi Hall of Fame a 2009 ta Professional Hockey Athletic Trainers Society da Society of Professional Hockey Equipment Managers.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Johnson |first=George |url=http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/columnists/story.html?id=d497d9a0-1b1d-4dca-9b73-997d87e5241f&amp;p=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303192355/http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/columnists/story.html?id=d497d9a0-1b1d-4dca-9b73-997d87e5241f&amp;p=1 |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |title=The One and Only Bearcat |work=Calgary Herald |date=November 2, 2008 |access-date=November 27, 2010 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Jagororin tarihin ƙungiya==
===Jagororin tara maki===
[[File:Theoren Fleury Flames.JPG|thumb|upright|Bayan tara maki 830 a wasannin yau da kullum na Flames, Theoren Fleury shi ne ɗan wasa na biyu mafi yawan maki a tarihin ƙungiyar.]]
Waɗannan su ne 'yan wasa goma da suka fi tara maki a tarihin ƙungiyar (Atlanta da Calgary).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Regular Season – All Skaters – Career for Franchise – Career Points – NHL.com – Stats|url=https://www.nhl.com/stats/skaters?reportType=allTime&amp;seasonFrom=19171918&amp;seasonTo=20242025&amp;gameType=2&amp;playerPlayedFor=franchise.21&amp;sort=points,goals,assists&amp;page=0&amp;pageSize=50|publisher=National Hockey League|access-date=April 20, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ana sabunta alkaluman bayan kammala kowace kakar wasannin yau da kullum ta NHL.
* {{Color box|#CCFFCC|*|border=darkgray}} – ɗan wasan Flames na yanzu
'''''Lura:''' Pos = Matsayi; GP = Wasannin da aka buga; G = Kwallaye; A = Taimakon zura kwallo; Pts = Maki; P/G = Matsakaicin maki a kowane wasa''
{{col-begin|width=auto}}
{{col-break}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+ style= &quot;background:#FFFFFF; border-top:#C8102E 5px solid; border-bottom:#F1BE48 5px solid;&quot;|Maki
|-
! Ɗan wasa || Pos || GP || G || A || Pts || P/G
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Jarome Iginla || RW || 1,219 || 525 || 570 || '''1,095''' || .90
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Theoren Fleury || RW || 791 || 364 || 466 || '''830''' || 1.05
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Al MacInnis || D || 803 || 213 || 609 || '''822''' || 1.02
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Joe Nieuwendyk || C || 577 || 314 || 302 || '''616''' || 1.07
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Johnny Gaudreau || LW || 602 || 210 || 399 || '''609''' || 1.01
|- style=&quot;background:#cfc;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Mikael Backlund* || C || 1,148 || 232 || 374 || '''606''' || .53
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Gary Suter || D || 617 || 128 || 436 || '''564''' || .91
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Kent Nilsson || C || 425 || 229 || 333 || '''562''' || 1.32
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Guy Chouinard || C || 514 || 193 || 336 || '''529''' || 1.03
|- 
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Mark Giordano || D || 949 || 143 || 366 || '''509''' || .54
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+ style= &quot;background:#FFFFFF; border-top:#C8102E 5px solid; border-bottom:#F1BE48 5px solid;&quot;|Kwallaye
|-
! Ɗan wasa || Pos || G
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Jarome Iginla || RW || 525
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Theoren Fleury || RW || 364
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Joe Nieuwendyk || C || 314
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Gary Roberts || LW || 257
|- style=&quot;background:#cfc;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Mikael Backlund* || C || 232
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Kent Nilsson || C || 229
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Lanny McDonald || RW || 215
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Al MacInnis || D || 213
|- 
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Sean Monahan || C || 212
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Johnny Gaudreau || LW || 210
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+ style= &quot;background:#FFFFFF; border-top:#C8102E 5px solid; border-bottom:#F1BE48 5px solid;&quot;|Taimakon zura kwallo
|-
! Ɗan wasa || Pos || A
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Al MacInnis || D || 609
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Jarome Iginla || RW || 570
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Theoren Fleury || RW || 466
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Gary Suter || D || 436
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Johnny Gaudreau || LW || 399
|- style=&quot;background:#cfc;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Mikael Backlund* || C || 374
|- 
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Mark Giordano || D || 366
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Guy Chouinard || C || 336
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Paul Reinhart || D || 336
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Kent Nilsson || C || 333
|}
{{col-end}}

===Jagororin masu tsaron raga===
Waɗannan su ne masu tsaron raga goma da suka fi samun nasarori a tarihin ƙungiyar (Atlanta da Calgary).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Regular Season – Goalie – Goalie Career for Franchise – Career Wins – NHL.com – Stats|url=https://www.nhl.com/stats/goalies?reportType=allTime&amp;seasonFrom=19171918&amp;seasonTo=20252026&amp;gameType=2&amp;playerPlayedFor=franchise.21&amp;sort=wins,savePct&amp;page=0&amp;pageSize=50|website=National Hockey League|access-date=April 26, 2025|archive-date=June 17, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617084552/http://www.nhl.com/ice/careerstats.htm?gameType=2&amp;team=PIT&amp;position=G&amp;country=&amp;active=&amp;viewName=careerLeadersForFranchiseGoalies|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ana sabunta alkaluman bayan kammala kowace kakar wasannin yau da kullum ta NHL.
* {{Color box|#CCFFCC|*|border=darkgray}} – ɗan wasan Flames na yanzu
&lt;!--PLEASE DO NOT UPDATE STATISTICS MID-SEASON, AS IT CREATES MORE PROBLEMS THAN IT SOLVES, AND WIKIPEDIA'S PURPOSE IS NOT TO PROVIDE UP-TO-THE-MINUTE STATISTICS. PLEASE SAVE THE UPDATING OF STATISTICS UNTIL THE END OF THE REGULAR SEASON AND/OR PLAYOFFS.--&gt;
'''''Lura''''': ''GP = Wasannin da aka buga; W = Nasarori; L = Rashin nasara; T/O = Wasannin da aka tashi kunnen doki/rashin nasara a karin lokaci; GA = Kwallayen da aka zura; GAA = Matsakaicin kwallayen da aka zura; SA = Harbin da aka yi kan raga; SV% = Kashi na tsare harbi; SO = Wasannin da ba a zura kwallo ba''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+ style=&quot;background:#FFFFFF; border-top:#C8102E 5px solid; border-bottom:#F1BE48 5px solid;&quot;|Masu tsaron raga
|-
! Ɗan wasa !! GP !! W !! L !! T/O !! GA !! GAA !! SA !! SV% !! SO
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Miikka Kiprusoff || 576 || '''305''' || 192 || 68 || 1,387 || 2.46 || 16,018 || .913 || 41
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Mike Vernon || 527 || '''262''' || 188 || 57 || 1,617 || 3.27 || 13,802 || .883 || 13
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Dan Bouchard || 398 || '''168''' || 139 || 75 || 1,154 || 3.04 || 11,400 || .899 || 20
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Réjean Lemelin || 323 || '''144''' || 99 || 46 || 1,078 || 3.67 || 9,303 || .884 || 6
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Jacob Markström || 213 || '''105''' || 78 || 25 || 545 || 2.63 || 5,836 || .907 || 15
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Phil Myre || 211 || '''76''' || 95 || 32 || 653 || 3.21 || 6,097 || .893 || 11
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Trevor Kidd || 178 || '''72''' || 66 || 26 || 460 || 2.83 || 4,524 || .898 || 10
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|David Rittich || 130 || '''63''' || 39 || 15 || 333 || 2.83 || 3,602 || .908 || 4
|-
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Roman Turek || 152 || '''63''' || 68 || 20 || 376 || 2.53 || 3,981 || .906 || 12
|- style=&quot;background:#cfc;&quot;
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Dustin Wolf* || 128 || '''60''' || 52 || 12 || 349 || 2.85 || 3,598 || .903 || 5
|}
== Manazarta ==
{{reflist|2}}

===Ayyukan da aka yi amfani da su===

{{Refbegin}}
* {{Cite book |last=Boer |first=Peter |title=The Calgary Flames |year=2006 |publisher=Overtime Books |isbn=1-897277-07-5 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/calgaryflameshot0000boer }}
* {{Cite book |title=2007–08 Calgary Flames Media Guide |publisher=Calgary Flames Hockey Club |editor1=Hanlon, Peter |editor2=Kelso, Sean |year=2007}}
* {{Cite book |last=Sandor |first=Steven |title=The Battle of Alberta: A Century of Hockey's Greatest Rivalry |year=2005 |publisher=Heritage House |isbn=1-894974-01-8}}
* {{Cite book |last=Zeman |first=Gary |title=Alberta on Ice |year=1985 |publisher=GMS Ventures
 |isbn=0-9692320-0-4}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.hockeydb.com/ihdb/stats/teamseasons.php?tid=43|title=Calgary Flames season statistics|publisher=The Internet Hockey Database|access-date=January 3, 2008}}
{{Refend}}</text>
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    <title>Chinnaswami Rajam</title>
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'''Chinnaswami Rajam''' (28 Nuwamba 1882 - 21 Yuli 1955) ɗan kasuwa ne mai tasowa, fitaccen masanin masana'antu, kuma wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Fasaha ta Madras ta Jami'ar Anna, [[Chennai]] a yanzu.&lt;ref name=&quot;annauniv&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consortium - Anna University |url=https://www.annauniv.edu/univdept.php |access-date=2015-08-10 |publisher=annauniv.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Marigayi Dr. CP Ramaswami Iyer ya kira shi &quot;majagaba a fannin masana'antu&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;mitindia&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Madras Institute Of Technology |url=http://www.mitindia.edu/home/objective/125-mitindia/home |access-date=2015-08-10 |publisher=mitindia.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;MIT Alumni Association&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=http://www.mitaa.org.in/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=47&amp;Itemid=53 |access-date=17 August 2015 |website=The MIT Alumni Association |publisher=MITAA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Chinnaswami Rajam a shekarar 1882 a ƙauyen Swamimalai, (kusa da Kumbakonam ) a gundumar Thanjavur ta jihar Madras (yanzu [[Tamil Nadu]] ). Bayan kammala karatunsa na sakandare a Makarantar Sakandare ta Garin Kumbakonam, ya shiga Makarantar Saka Saƙa ta Gwamnati ta Salem a shekarar 1904 don ya ƙware a fannin saka. Da farko ya kafa masana'antar kayan hannu (makamai masu tashi sama) don samar da kayan kwalliya, tawul, kayan riga da sauransu, amma daga baya kuma ya fara cinikin kayayyakin masarufi. Bayan bai yi nasara sosai a wannan harkar ba, ya zama mai aikin sa kai a jam'iyyar Congress kuma ya koyi wahalar da bil'adama ke fuskanta. Wata ganawa da Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, ta jawo hankalinsa zuwa ga fannin falsafa na rayuwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;angelfire&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=MIT Founder's Life History |url=https://www.angelfire.com/mi/goldenmit/rajam.html |access-date=2015-08-10 |publisher=[[Angelfire]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== A matsayina na Masanin Masana'antu ==
A farkon shekarar 1909, Rajam ya fara kasuwancin kayan fata da Mysoor Tanneries tare da taimakon kuɗi daga abokansa, kuma wannan wani sauyi ne a rayuwarsa wanda ya kai ga samun wadata a nan gaba. Bayan ya shafe kusan shekaru biyar yana aiki, ya shiga Mysore Tanneries a matsayin manaja kuma kamfanin ya bunƙasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa inda suke mu'amala da shagunan ƙasashen waje na Turai kamar Whiteway Laidaw &amp; company. A shekarar 1918, Rajam ya kafa kamfanin India Company Private Limited tare da abokan hulɗa uku, kuma a shekarar 1923 wannan kamfanin ya zama wakilin Tata Steel Limited kuma yana cinikin tan 2,000 na ƙarfe a kowane wata. &lt;ref name=&quot;angelfire&quot; /&gt; Wannan harkar ta mayar da Rajam wani babban manaja mai tasiri a harkokin kasuwanci a Madras. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 June 2018 |title=Those were the days: A premier college that imparts technical education |url=https://www.dtnext.in/city/2018/06/24/those-were-the-days-a-premier-college-that-imparts-technical-education |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608160915/https://www.dtnext.in/news/city/2018/06/23223143/1077182/those-were-the-days-a-premier-college-that-imparts-.vpf |archive-date=8 June 2019 |access-date=8 June 2019 |website=dtNext.in |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wani mataki na gaba, Rajam ya kafa Kamfanin Supply Corporation Limited a shekarar 1932, daga baya kuma a shekarar 1933 ya kafa wasu kamfanoni biyu: Kamfanin Negapatam Electric Supply Company Limited da kuma Kamfanin Indian Steel Rolling Mills Limited. Kasuwancin kamfanoni ya zama mai riba sosai kuma Rajam ya zama babban mai masana'antu a jihar Madras.  Ya kasance shugaban kamfanoni biyar: India Company Pvt. Ltd., Kumbakonam Electric Supply Corporation Ltd., Negapatam Electric Supply Company Limited, Indian Steel Rolling Mills Limited da Garage Limited. Babban jarin da aka fara biya na waɗannan kamfanonin ya wuce rupees 5&amp;nbsp;miliyan a wancan lokacin.&lt;ref name=&quot;angelfire&quot; /&gt;

== Kafa Cibiyar Fasaha ta Madras ==
Rajam ya kasance mai son iyali kuma yana son abin da zai fi kyau ga 'ya'yansa shida, amma bayan rashin ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yansa maza da matarsa ta ƙarshe a shekarar 1944, ya zama mai taimakon jama'a . &lt;ref name=&quot;angelfire&quot; /&gt; Ya sayar da bungalow guda biyu akan jimlar rupees 0.5&amp;nbsp;miliyan don mallakar filin cibiyar: Cibiyar Fasaha ta Madras (MIT). Manufar kafa cibiyar fasaha ta samo asali ne daga rashin ma'aikatan Indiya da za su girka da kuma kula da kayan aikin da ake amfani da su a waɗannan masana'antu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Origin and Aspirations&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Origin and Aspirations |url=https://www.angelfire.com/mi/goldenmit/history.html |access-date=10 June 2016 |publisher=Angelfire}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Abdul Kalam at MIT&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Address at the Launch of A Visionary's Reach - A book on C Rajam and Founding of Madras Institute of Technology |url=http://www.abdulkalam.com/kalam/theme/jsp/guest/content-display.jsp |access-date=11 June 2016 |website=abdulkalam.com |publisher=abdulkalam.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604051145/http://www.abdulkalam.com/kalam/theme/jsp/guest/content-display.jsp |archive-date=4 June 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami taimako daga fitattun mutane kamar M. Subbaraya Aiyar, MK Ranganthan, K. Srinivasan, CR Srinivasan da L. Venkatakrishna Iyer.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our own MIT&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 2014 |title=Our own MIT |url=http://madrasmusings.com/Vol%2023%20No%2023/our-own-mit.html |access-date=7 July 2016 |publisher=Madras Musings |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701133006/http://madrasmusings.com/Vol%2023%20No%2023/our-own-mit.html |archive-date=1 July 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin wani jawabi na musamman a Ƙungiyar Tsoffin Ɗaliban MIT, tsohon shugaban Indiya marigayi Dr. [[A.P.J. Abdul Kalam|APJ Abdul Kalam]] ya bayyana Rajam a cikin jawabinsa da cewa: &quot;Ya hango ƙira, haɓakawa, kulawa da kuma yadda tsarin injiniya ya kamata a haɗa shi a fannin fasaha. Haka ya yi aiki don kafa MIT&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Abdul Kalam at MIT&quot; /&gt;

== Fira Ministan Indiya ya amince da shi ==
Jawabin Firayim Ministan Indiya na farko Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru a taron farko (9 ga Oktoba 1952) na Cibiyar Fasaha ta Madras ya nuna ƙoƙarin wanda ya kafa da abokan aikinsa: &quot;Ko ta yaya, abin da ya fi burgewa game da wannan cibiya mai tasowa shi ne cewa ku, bayan kun fara daga ƙananan farawa, kuna samun ci gaba mai kyau da ƙoƙarinku, fiye da abin da za ku iya samu idan kun sami lokaci mafi sauƙi, kuna sanya komai a gabanku.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;madrasmusings&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Madras Musings - We care for Madras that is Chennai |url=http://madrasmusings.com/Vol%2023%20No%2023/our-own-mit.html |access-date=2015-08-10 |publisher=madrasmusings.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701133006/http://madrasmusings.com/Vol%2023%20No%2023/our-own-mit.html |archive-date=2016-07-01 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mutuwa da gado ==
A ranar 21 ga Yulin 1955, Chinnaswami Rajam ya rasu yana da shekaru 73. Sri Prakasa, Gwamna, [[C. Rajagopalachari]], Kasturi Srinivasan, CR Srinivasan, C. Subramaniam da M. Bhaktavatsalam, da sauransu, sun yi ta'aziyya ga iyalan da ke gidansa.&lt;ref name=&quot;C Rajam Death&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Late Sri C.Rajam Aiyar, industrialist and his institution Madras Institute of Technology |url=https://navrangindia.blogspot.com/2018/11/late-sri-crajam-aiyar-industrialist-and.html |access-date=25 November 2021 |website=navrangindia.blogspot.com |publisher=Navrang India}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ɗaya daga cikin jikanyar Rajam, Dr. Prema Srinivasan&lt;ref name=&quot;madrasmusings&quot; /&gt; shahararriyar marubuciya ce kuma mai yin bita akai-akai kan littattafan yara a cikin jaridar ''The Hindu.''&lt;ref name=&quot;Prema Srinivasan Author&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Children's Fiction in English in India, Trends and Motifs |url=https://www.jacketflap.com/bookdetail.asp?bookid=8185427844 |access-date=25 November 2021 |website=jacketflap.com |publisher=JacketFlap |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125162133/https://www.jacketflap.com/bookdetail.asp?bookid=8185427844 |archive-date=25 November 2021 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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      <text bytes="5654" sha1="3ont1mqk8ur4tuyh00ugwezfsjiuaby" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name = Nyuwar
| settlement_type = Community
| official_name = Nyuwar
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]]
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]]
| subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area
| subdivision_name2 = [[Balanga Local Government Area|Balanga]]
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 761117 / 761123
| timezone = WAT
| utc_offset = +1
}}

'''Nyuwar''' wata al'umma ce da ke cikin [[Balanga Local Government Area|Ƙaramar Hukumar Balanga]] ta [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Nyuwar tana cikin yankin da ke da alaka da al'ummar Longuda, kuma ana samun ƙauyuka da dama a ƙarƙashin yankin Nyuwar. Bayanai kan rarrabuwar yankin sun nuna cewa Nyuwar tana cikin Balanga kuma tana da lambar gidan waya da ta shafi wasu ƙauyukanta. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A tsarin gudanar da zaɓe na [[Independent National Electoral Commission]] (INEC), Nyuwar tana cikin [[Nyuwar/Jessu]] Registration Area na Balanga Local Government Area. Kundin INEC ya nuna cewa Nyuwar/Jessu ita ce Registration Area mai lamba 08 a Balanga, kuma tana da rumfunan zaɓe 16. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PUDirectory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yankin Nyuwar yana da ƙauyuka da dama. Daga cikin ƙauyukan da aka lissafa ƙarƙashin Nyuwar akwai Chunyi, Gilengitu da Gulnyimora, yayin da wani ɓangare na jerin ƙauyukan Nyuwar ya haɗa Jakure, Pwalali, Tsibo, Tswaku da Unguwan Lilani. Bayanan lambar gidan waya ma sun danganta waɗannan ƙauyuka da yankin Nyuwar na Balanga. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Browse Postcode - 761117 |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/761117/ |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nyuwar tana cikin yankin da harshen [[Longuda language|Longuda]] ke da muhimmiyar alaƙa da shi. Wani bincike kan harsunan Najeriya ya bayyana Nyuwar a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ake samun Lunguda a Gombe State. Binciken ya kuma nuna cewa Gombe State tana da harsuna daban-daban, kuma wasu daga cikin harsunan suna da takamaiman wuraren da suka fi yaduwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Linguistic Survey of Nigerian Languages |url=https://jolan.com.ng/index.php/home/article/download/45/40 |publisher=Journal of Linguistic Association of Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin binciken harsunan Adamawa, an danganta Nyuwar da wani reshe na Longuda da ake kira '''Gwaanda (Nyuwar)'''. Wannan bayanin yana nuna cewa sunan Nyuwar ba kawai suna ne na wata al'umma ba, har ma yana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da rarrabuwar harshe da al'adun Longuda. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Longuda language |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longuda_language |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2021, Nyuwar ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da rikicin al'umma ya shafa a yankin Balanga. Jaridar *The Guardian Nigeria* ta ruwaito cewa an kai hari a Nyuwar da Heme, inda aka kashe mutane tare da kona gidaje da kadarori. Rahoton ya ce lamarin ya jawo matakan tsaro da kuma sanya dokar hana fita a yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Death toll rises to 19 in Gombe communal clash |url=https://guardian.ng/news/death-toll-rises-to-19-in-gombe-communal-clash/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=15 April 2021 |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rahoton *Daily Trust* ya kuma bayyana cewa jami'an tsaro sun kama wasu mutane a Nyuwar dangane da rikicin da ya faru tsakanin al'ummomin Lunguda da Waja a yankin Balanga da ke iyakar Gombe da Adamawa. Rahoton ya ce an kama mutanen ne a yayin aikin haɗin gwiwa na jami'an Sojojin Najeriya da 'yan sandan Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Police arrest 4 people over Lunguda/Waja communal clash |url=https://dailytrust.com/police-arrest-4-people-over-lunguda-waja-communal-clash/ |work=Daily Trust |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yanayin ƙasa na yankin Nyuwar da Jessu yana da tsaunuka kuma samun hanyoyin mota masu kyau ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙalubalen da aka ruwaito game da yankin. Jaridar *Tribune Online* ta bayyana Nyuwar da Jessu a matsayin yankunan da ke da tudu da tsaunuka, tare da matsalolin hanyoyin sufuri. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=How assailants killed our people, burned our houses, Gombe villagers recount horror attacks |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/how-assailants-killed-our-people-burned-our-houses-gombe-villagers-recount-horror-attacks/ |work=Tribune Online |date=24 April 2021 |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Haka kuma, takardun kasafin kuɗin Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe sun ambaci '''Jessu Health Clinic in Nyuwar Ward, Balanga LGA''' a cikin ayyukan kiwon lafiya da aka ware kuɗin gyarawa. Wannan ya tabbatar da amfani da sunan Nyuwar a matsayin wani yanki na gudanarwa a cikin Balanga Local Government Area. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State Government 2022 Approved Budget Summary |url=https://www.gombestate.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/approved-gombe-state-goverment-2022-budget-ncoa.pdf |publisher=Gombe State Government |access-date=2 October 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251126233455/https://gombestate.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/approved-gombe-state-goverment-2022-budget-ncoa.pdf |archive-date=26 November 2025 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==
* [[Balanga Local Government Area]]
* [[Gombe State]]
* [[Longuda language]]
* [[Waja people]]

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]]
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]]
| subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area
| subdivision_name2 = [[Balanga Local Government Area|Balanga]]
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 761113
| timezone = WAT
| utc_offset = +1
}}

'''Dala-Waja''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin [[Balanga Local Government Area|Ƙaramar Hukumar Balanga]] ta [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Dala-Waja na daga cikin yankunan da ake samu a Balanga, kuma ana lissafa shi a cikin jerin yankuna da ƙauyukan ƙaramar hukumar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dala-Waja tana da lambar gidan waya ta '''761113'''. Bayanan wuraren zama na Gombe State sun sanya Dala-Waja a ƙarƙashin Balanga tare da wannan lambar gidan waya, tare da wasu ƙauyuka da suke ƙarƙashinta. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ƙarƙashin yankin Dala-Waja akwai ƙauyuka da dama. Jerin ƙauyukan Balanga ya ambaci '''Batumi, Dele, Demi, Dimori, Fulani, Garu, Kodishere, Kumi''' da '''Kwasilau''' a matsayin ƙauyukan da ke ƙarƙashin Dala-Waja. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dala-Waja tana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da al'ummar [[Waja people|Waja]] ta Gombe. Binciken tarihi kan Waja ya bayyana cewa Waja suna daga cikin al'ummomin da suka daɗe suna zaune a yankin kudancin Gombe, musamman a Balanga, kuma Dala-Waja na daga cikin wuraren da aka danganta da rarrabuwar al'ummar Waja a yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last=Higazi |first=Adam |last2=Lar |first2=Jimam |title=Articulations of Belonging: The Politics of Ethnic and Religious Pluralism in Bauchi and Gombe States, North-East Nigeria |journal=Africa |publisher=Cambridge University Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A bayanin tarihin Waja, an bayyana cewa bayan ƙaura zuwa yankin Gombe, al'ummar Waja sun bazu zuwa wurare daban-daban da suka haɗa da Dala-Waja, Talasse, Dong, Reme, Gelengu da Bangu. Wannan ya nuna muhimmiyar alaƙar Dala-Waja da tarihin zamantakewar Waja a yankin Balanga. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Waja people |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waja_people |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A tsarin gudanar da zaɓe, Dala-Waja tana cikin yankin da INEC ta haɗa da '''Bangu/Dala-Waja/Wala-Lunguda'''. Kundin bayanan INEC ya nuna cewa wannan yanki yana cikin tsarin zaɓe na Balanga, kuma an haɗa shi da wasu sassan Balanga wajen tsara wakilcin yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=2015 General Elections Information Kit |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-GENERAL-ELECTIONS-INFO-KIT-.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260815145623/https://inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-GENERAL-ELECTIONS-INFO-KIT-.pdf |archive-date=15 August 2026 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

INEC ta kuma nuna cewa akwai wuraren zaɓe masu suna '''Deluwa, Dala Waja Primary School''' da '''Nadiya, Dala Waja Primary School''' a cikin Balanga. Waɗannan bayanai sun nuna cewa makarantar firamare ta Dala-Waja tana daga cikin wuraren da aka yi amfani da su wajen gudanar da ayyukan zaɓe a yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260815145348/https://inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |archive-date=15 August 2026 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A tsarin mazabar jiha, INEC ta sanya '''Balanga North''' cikin yankunan da suka haɗa da Bangu, Dala-Waja, Wala-Lunguda, Gelengu-Balanga, Kulani-Degri, Sikkam, Swa-Wala-Waja-Refele-Gassi da Talasse-Dong-Reme. Wannan ya nuna cewa Dala-Waja tana cikin tsarin gudanar da wakilcin siyasa na Balanga North. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=2015 General Elections Information Kit |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-INFO-KIT-.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayanan taswira sun nuna cewa Dala-Waja tana kusan a latitude '''9.9331° N''' da longitude '''11.72652° E''', kuma tana da tsayin kusan mita 366 sama da matakin teku. Taswirar kuma ta nuna cewa Dala-Waja tana kusa da Bangu da Dong, waɗanda su ma suke cikin Balanga. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Dala Waja Map - Village - Balanga, Gombe State, Nigeria |url=https://mapcarta.com/17036878 |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dala-Waja tana cikin wani yanki na Gombe da ke da al'ummomin Waja da sauran ƙabilu. Tarihin Waja ya danganta Dala-Waja da sauran wuraren zama na Waja a Balanga, yayin da tsarin gudanarwar jihar da na zaɓe ke haɗa yankin da sauran al'ummomin Balanga. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Waja people |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waja_people |access-date=2 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==
* [[Balanga Local Government Area]]
* [[Gombe State]]
* [[Waja people]]
* [[Waja language]]
* [[Talasse]]
* [[Bangu, Gombe State]]

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>39izibtyw5qu8uk9n1rgfgqz8bvy72y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Doho</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>969783</id>
      <parentid>961886</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T09:08:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>13371</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>969783</origin>
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      <text bytes="7438" sha1="7kjbnqlki0b4btsclpj2lwreixpmr5k" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name = Doho
| settlement_type = Town
| official_name = Doho
| country = Nigeria
| state = Gombe State
| local_government_area = Kwami
| postal_code = 760103
| coordinates = {{coord|10|24|30.348|N|11|15|36.889|E|display=inline,title}}
| timezone = WAT
| utc_offset = +1
}}

'''Doho''' gari ne da ke cikin [[Kwami Local Government Area]], a [[Jihar Gombe]], [[Najeriya]]. Doho na daga cikin yankunan da ke ƙarƙashin Kwami Local Government Area, kuma Hukumar Zaɓe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Najeriya (INEC) ta jera Doho a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Registration Areas na Kwami. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State Registration Areas |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) |url=https://inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |access-date=2026-10-02}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Doho yana cikin yankin Malam Sidi na Kwami. A bayanan taswirar Wikidata, Doho yana da wurin da yake kusan latitude 10°24′30.348″ arewa da longitude 11°15′36.889″ gabas. Haka kuma an danganta Doho da lambar gidan waya 760103. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Doho |publisher=Wikidata |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121891477 |access-date=2026-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe ta sanya Doho cikin tsarin gudanar da kuɗaɗen ƙananan hukumomi a matsayin wani yanki na Kwami Local Government Area. A cikin Harmonized Chart of Accounts na ƙananan hukumomin jihar, an ba Doho lambar 21520803 ƙarƙashin Kwami Local Government Area. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Approved Harmonized Chart of Accounts for LGAs in Gombe State |publisher=Gombe State Ministry of Finance |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/APPROVED-HARMONIZED-CHART-OF-ACCOUNTS-FOR-LGAs-IN-GOMBE-STATE_Final.pdf |access-date=2026-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kwami Local Government Area tana da hedikwata a [[Malam Sidi]]. A cewar bayanan Hukumar Zaɓe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Najeriya, Kwami LGA tana da Registration Areas guda goma, waɗanda suka haɗa da Bojude, Daban Fulani, Doho, Dukul, Gadam, Jurara, Komfulata, Kwami, Malam Sidi da Malleri. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State Registration Areas |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) |url=https://inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |access-date=2026-10-02}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Doho yana da muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin gudanar da zaɓe a Kwami, domin INEC ta ware shi a matsayin Registration Area. Bayanan INEC na cibiyoyin tattara katin PVC na Kwami sun kuma nuna Doho a cikin jerin Registration Areas na ƙaramar hukumar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State PVC Collection Centres |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) |url=https://inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |access-date=2026-10-02}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin Doho akwai ƙananan wurare da matsugunai da dama. Jerin ƙauyuka da wuraren zama na Gombe ya lissafa Wuro Dole, Mai Unguwa Kofar Sarkin Dohe, Mai Unguwa Kofar Ajiya, Jauro Bello, Gerema, Unguwar Galadima, Unguwar Yerima, Jalingo, Malko, Sharifuri, Jauro Gabdo, Lantaiwa, Alagarno, Wuro Tara, Zangoma Abba da Jauro Ahmadu/Wuro Tann a ƙarƙashin Doho. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |publisher=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2026-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Harkar ilimi tana daga cikin ayyukan zamantakewa da ake samu a Doho. Bayanai sun nuna kasancewar Doho Primary School a Unguwar Galadima, yayin da Wuro Dole, Jalingo, Malko, Alagarno da Wuro Tara ma suke da wuraren da aka danganta da makarantun firamare. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |publisher=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2026-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hukumar Universal Service Provision Fund (USPF) ta gwamnatin Najeriya ta kuma jera '''Community Secondary School, Doho''' a Kwami, Jihar Gombe, cikin cibiyoyin makarantu da aka haɗa cikin shirinta na North East. Bayanin USPF ya nuna cewa makarantar tana cikin cibiyoyin da aka shigar da su cikin shirin a shekarar 2009. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=North East Projects |publisher=Universal Service Provision Fund (USPF) |url=https://uspf.gov.ng/projects/north-east |access-date=2026-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani shirin tallafin ilimi da aka gudanar a Kwami ya kuma nuna cewa Doho Primary School ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da aka yi amfani da su wajen aiwatar da shirin ilimi ga yara da mutanen da suka rasa matsugunansu. Rahoton ya ambaci Doho a matsayin wurin koyarwa a ƙarƙashin Kwami. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Provision and possible sustainability of Quality Education for the displaced persons in Kwami LGA of Gombe State, Nigeria |publisher=Foundation for Youth Awakening and Empowerment (FOYAE) |url=https://foyae.org.ng/project-title-provision-and-possible-sustainability-of-quality-education-for-the-displaced-persons-in-kwami-lga-of-gombe-state-nigeria/ |access-date=2026-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayanan Hukumar Kula da Hijira ta Duniya (IOM) sun kuma jera Doho a cikin yankunan da aka tantance a Kwami Local Government Area. A cikin jerin, Doho yana da wuraren da aka ƙididdige su domin aikin tantance al'umma, wanda ke nuna cewa yankin yana cikin tsarin bayanan jinƙai da gudanar da ayyukan al'umma na Gombe. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=DTM Round 38 List of Assessed Wards |publisher=International Organization for Migration (IOM) |url=https://nigeria.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1856/files/documents/R38%2520LIST%20OF%20WARDS%20ASSESSED.pdf |access-date=2026-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A fannin tattalin arziki, Doho yana cikin Kwami LGA, yankin da tattalin arzikinsa ya dogara da ayyukan karkara musamman noma. Bayanai kan Kwami sun nuna cewa noma, kiwo, kasuwanci da sauran ayyukan yau da kullum suna daga cikin hanyoyin samun abin rayuwa a yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Kwami LGA, Gombe State |publisher=Local Governance Accountability Portal |url=https://lgaportal.org/lgaDetails?lgaId=283 |access-date=2026-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Doho yana amfani da lambar gidan waya 760103, wadda aka danganta da yankin Malam Sidi na Kwami. Jerin lambobin gidan waya na Kwami ya nuna Doho tare da Malam Sidi, Alagarno, Daban Fulani, Maleri, Dukku da sauran wuraren da ke cikin wannan yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Kwami LGA Postal Code |publisher=Postalcode.ng |url=https://postalcode.ng/kwami-lga-postal-code/ |access-date=2026-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Akwai kuma hanyoyin mota da ke haɗa Doho da sauran sassan Kwami. Bayanan Wikidata na Doho sun ƙunshi hoto mai suna &quot;Green Atmosphere Along Doho Road&quot;, wanda ke nuna kasancewar hanyar Doho a matsayin wani ɓangare na mu'amalar zirga-zirga a yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Doho |publisher=Wikidata |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121891477 |access-date=2026-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Doho yana cikin yankin Gombe da ke da al'ummomi masu bambancin harshe da al'ada. Saboda haka, rayuwar jama'ar Doho tana da alaƙa da tsarin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki na Kwami Local Government Area, musamman ayyukan noma, ilimi, kasuwanci da hulɗar al'umma. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Kwami LGA, Gombe State |publisher=Local Governance Accountability Portal |url=https://lgaportal.org/lgaDetails?lgaId=283 |access-date=2026-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==
* [[Kwami]]
* [[Malam Sidi]]
* [[Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Kwami Local Government Area]]

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>7kjbnqlki0b4btsclpj2lwreixpmr5k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bojude</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>969574</id>
      <parentid>961887</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T15:17:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>13371</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>969574</origin>
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      <text bytes="6724" sha1="d9hl9dlmqir5usjebu3nopk58tpsdco" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bojude
| settlement_type = Town
| official_name = Bojude
| country = Nigeria
| state = Gombe State
| local_government_area = Kwami
| postal_code = 760102
| coordinates = {{coord|10|36|20.16|N|11|04|07.37|E|display=inline,title}}
| timezone = WAT
| utc_offset = +1
}}

'''Bojude''' gari ne da ke cikin [[Kwami Local Government Area]] na [[Jihar Gombe]], a arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Bojude na daga cikin muhimman yankunan Kwami West, kuma Hukumar Zaɓe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Najeriya (INEC) ta lissafa Bojude a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Registration Areas na Kwami. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=Information Kit for 2015
|publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)
|date=2015
|url=https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-INFO-KIT-.pdf
|access-date=2026-10-02
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623061028/https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-INFO-KIT-.pdf
|archive-date=2025-06-23
|url-status=dead
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bojude yana cikin Kwami West. A kundin INEC na Gombe, an ware Kwami West da Registration Areas guda huɗu, wato Bojude, Gadam, Komfulata da Kwami. Kundin ya kuma nuna cewa Bojude yana da cibiyoyin zaɓe guda da dama, tare da ''Bojude Maternity'' a matsayin wurin da aka nuna a matsayin cibiyar tattara bayanan yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=Information Kit for 2015
|publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)
|date=2015
|url=https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-INFO-KIT-.pdf
|access-date=2026-10-02
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623061028/https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-INFO-KIT-.pdf
|archive-date=2025-06-23
|url-status=dead
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayanan Wikidata sun nuna cewa Bojude yana da matsayin gari da kuma ward a Kwami Local Government Area. An rubuta wurin Bojude a kusan latitude 10°36′20.16″ arewa da longitude 11°04′07.37″ gabas, kuma GeoNames ya ba wurin lambar gano shi ta 2346895. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=Bojude
|publisher=Wikidata
|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121892458
|access-date=2026-10-02
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kwami Local Government Area, wadda Bojude yake cikinta, tana da hedikwata a Malam Sidi. Bayanai sun nuna cewa Kwami LGA an ƙirƙire ta ne a shekarar 1991, tana da faɗin kusan kilomita murabba'i 1,787, kuma ƙidayar jama'a ta shekarar 2006 ta ba yankin yawan jama'a 195,298. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=Kwami LGA, Gombe State
|publisher=Local Governance Accountability Portal
|url=https://lgaportal.org/lgaDetails?lgaId=283
|access-date=2026-10-02
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bojude yana da ƙananan wurare da ƙauyuka da dama a ƙarƙashinsa. Jerin ƙauyuka na Jihar Gombe ya lissafa Babadala, Madaki, Sarki Jore, Jauro Sabo, Jauro Kawu, Malam Bappah, Gabanni, Bamayi I, Bamayi II, Tafida Musa, Durokono, Diri, Jauro Mauwada, Jauro Yaya, Bele da Zambe daga cikin wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin Bojude. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=List of villages in Gombe State
|publisher=Wikipedia
|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State
|access-date=2026-10-02
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wasu daga cikin waɗannan wuraren suna da cibiyoyin ilimi. Jerin wuraren Bojude ya nuna '''Durokono Primary School''' da '''Jauro Mauwada Primary School''' a matsayin wuraren makarantu da ke cikin yankin. Wannan yana nuna rawar da Bojude da ƙananan matsugunansa ke takawa wajen samar da ilimin firamare ga yara a yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=List of villages in Gombe State
|publisher=Wikipedia
|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State
|access-date=2026-10-02
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Harkar ilimi a Bojude ta haɗa da makarantar sakandaren gwamnati. Bayanan da aka tattara kan makarantun Kwami sun lissafa '''Government Day Secondary School, Bojude''' daga cikin makarantun sakandaren gwamnati da ke cikin ƙaramar hukumar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=Kwami
|publisher=Wikipedia
|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwami
|access-date=2026-10-02
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bojude yana cikin yankin da tattalin arzikinsa ya fi karkata ga ayyukan noma. Bayanan Kwami Local Government Area sun bayyana noma a matsayin babban aikin tattalin arziki a yankin, tare da noman amfanin gona kamar masara, gero da wake, da kuma kiwo da kasuwanci. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=Kwami LGA, Gombe State
|publisher=Local Governance Accountability Portal
|url=https://lgaportal.org/lgaDetails?lgaId=283
|access-date=2026-10-02
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Saboda kasancewarsa a Kwami West, Bojude yana cikin tsarin al'ummomin da ke haɗa yankunan karkarar Kwami da sauran sassan ƙaramar hukumar. Matsayinsa a matsayin Registration Area ya kuma sa sunan Bojude ya bayyana a cikin bayanan gudanar da zaɓe na INEC na Jihar Gombe. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=Information Kit for 2015
|publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)
|date=2015
|url=https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-INFO-KIT-.pdf
|access-date=2026-10-02
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623061028/https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-INFO-KIT-.pdf
|archive-date=2025-06-23
|url-status=dead
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayanai na gwamnati da na ƙananan hukumomi sun nuna cewa Kwami na daga cikin yankunan Gombe da ake gudanar da ayyukan noma, kasuwanci da kiwon dabbobi. Wadannan ayyukan tattalin arziki suna samar da hanyoyin samun abin rayuwa ga mazauna ƙananan al'ummomin Kwami, ciki har da Bojude. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=Kwami LGA, Gombe State
|publisher=Local Governance Accountability Portal
|url=https://lgaportal.org/lgaDetails?lgaId=283
|access-date=2026-10-02
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bojude yana amfani da lambar gidan waya '''760102''', wadda aka danganta da yankin Kwami. Wannan lambar tana taimakawa wajen rarrabe wuraren aikawa da karɓar wasiƙu da sauran hidimomin gidan waya a yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=List of villages in Gombe State
|publisher=Wikipedia
|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State
|access-date=2026-10-02
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A fannin gudanarwa, Bojude yana ƙarƙashin Kwami Local Government Area ta Jihar Gombe, yayin da Kwami West yake matsayin yankin rajista da ya haɗa Bojude da Gadam, Komfulata da Kwami. Wannan tsarin yana bayyana matsayin Bojude a cikin tsarin gudanarwa da zaɓe na Jihar Gombe. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|title=Information Kit for 2015
|publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)
|date=2015
|url=https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-INFO-KIT-.pdf
|access-date=2026-10-02
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623061028/https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-INFO-KIT-.pdf
|archive-date=2025-06-23
|url-status=dead
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==
* [[Kwami]]
* [[Malam Sidi]]
* [[Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Kwami Local Government Area]]
* [[Gombe State]]

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Deep Kalra y</title>
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'''Deep Kalra''' ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kamfanin tafiye-tafiye na intanet na MakeMyTrip.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Make My Trip Scam {{!}} Indian Express |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2018/nov/09/makemytrip-told-to-pay-rs-47-lakh-compensation-as-couples-trip-turns-into-nightmare-1895734.html |access-date=2016-04-27 |website=Indian Express |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Deep Kalra: Making His Own Trip {{!}} Forbes India |url=http://www.forbesindia.com/interview/zen-garden/deep-kalra-making-his-own-trip/11462/1 |access-date=2018-04-29 |website=Forbes India |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428110101/http://www.forbesindia.com/interview/zen-garden/deep-kalra-making-his-own-trip/11462/1 |archive-date=2018-04-28 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An haife shi a Hyderabad kuma ya girma a Delhi da Ahmedabad. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Ilimi da aiki ==
Ya sami digirinsa na farko a fannin tattalin arziki daga Kwalejin St. Stephen's, Delhi na Jami'ar Delhi a shekarar 1990 da kuma digirinsa na MBA daga Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Indiya Ahmedabad a shekarar 1992.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Deep Kalra |url=https://www.weforum.org/people/deep-kalra |access-date=2018-04-29 |website=World Economic Forum}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kalra ya shiga ABN AMRO bayan kammala karatunsa daga IIM Ahmedabad inda ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru uku. Ya yi aiki tare da AMF Bowling don kafa hanyoyin wasan bowling a Indiya kafin ya koma GE Capital a shekarar 1999 a matsayin mataimakin shugaban ci gaban kasuwanci.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ya fara MakeMyTrip a shekarar 2000 bayan ya fahimci yiwuwar intanet yayin da yake ƙoƙarin sayar da motar matarsa ta yanar gizo.  Tun daga watan Agusta na 2013, yana aiki a matsayin Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na Rukunin. A shekarar 2022, an ɗaga shi zuwa matsayin shugaban ƙungiya kuma babban mai ba da shawara wanda ke taimaka wa kamfanin wajen neman ƙirƙira da faɗaɗa samfura.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Khosla |first=Varuni |title=Deep Kalra elevated as chief mentor of MakeMyTrip |url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/deep-kalra-elevated-as-chief-mentor-of-makemytrip-11643180705679.html |access-date=7 January 2023 |website=Mint}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Jami'ar Ashoka  kuma yana cikin kwamitin gudanarwa. Shi ma memba ne na kafa ''I am Gurgaon'', wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta. 

Deep shine wanda ya ƙirƙiri wasu kamfanonin tafiye-tafiye da fasaha masu wadata. Deep shine shugaban ƙungiyar aiki ta intanet ta NASSCOM kuma ɗaya daga cikin membobin zartarwa na ƙungiyar. 

== Ganewa ==
An sanya shi a matsayi na 1 a cikin jerin manyan masu tasiri a dijital a Indiya ta hannun KPMG a shekarar 2011. 

A shekarar 2026, MakeMyTrip ta fuskanci sabon bincike na dokoki lokacin da aka bayyana zargin cewa kamfanin ya kauce wa hukuncin Hukumar Gasar Indiya ta 2022 ta hanyar tsarin farashin da aka sake masa suna, inda aka shirya zaman sauraron ƙarar CCI a ranar 29 ga Afrilu, 2026. Kalra, wacce take aiki a matsayin Shugaban Rukunin kuma Babban Mai Ba da Shawara, ta ci gaba da ba da kulawa ta dabarun kula da manufofi da harkokin gudanarwa na kamfanin. 

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:دعاء</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Dr-Taher moved page [[Tattaunawar user:Doaa970]] to [[Tattaunawar user:دعاء]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Doaa970|Doaa970]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/دعاء|دعاء]]&quot;</comment>
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Doaa970! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Doaa970|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 7 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Charley Boone</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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'''Charley Boone '''(an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Maris, 2002) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka wanda kwanan nan ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya ko kuma ɗan wasan tsakiya a ƙungiyar USL Super League Spokane Zephyr . Bayan ta shafe mafi yawan shekarunta na ƙwallon ƙafa a kwaleji tare da Montana Grizzlies, Boone ta buga kakar wasa ɗaya tare da Minnesota Aurora FC kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin Mai Tsaron Gasar USL W League na Shekarar 2025.

== Rayuwar farko ==
An haifi Boone a [[Seattle|Seattle, Washington]], ga iyayensa Jeff da Renee Boone. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Charley Boone - Soccer |url=https://gogriz.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/charley-boone/6867 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731201832/https://gogriz.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/charley-boone/6867 |archive-date=July 31, 2023 |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=[[Montana Grizzlies]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tana da 'yar'uwa, Georgia, wacce ta buga wasanni uku na ƙwallon ƙafa a jami'ar Montana tare da ita. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Maxwell |date=2024-09-26 |title=Boone helps best defense in Big Sky history |url=https://www.montanakaimin.com/sports/boone-helps-best-defense-in-big-sky-history/article_91d4ca5c-7b92-11ef-8597-636b5dfa8e0b.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213141719/https://www.montanakaimin.com/sports/boone-helps-best-defense-in-big-sky-history/article_91d4ca5c-7b92-11ef-8597-636b5dfa8e0b.html |archive-date=February 13, 2025 |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=[[Montana Kaimin]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2022-04-01 |title=Griz add second Boone |url=https://gogriz.com/news/2022/4/1/soccer-griz-add-second-boone |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=[[Montana Grizzlies]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Boone ta buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙungiyar Crossfire Premier SC, inda aka sanya mata suna cikin ƙungiyar gasar Surf Cup All-Tournament ta 2019. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Charley Boone - Women's Soccer |url=https://gozags.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/charley-boone/3294 |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=[[Gonzaga Bulldogs]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara mai zuwa, Boone da Crossfire Premier za su lashe kofin, inda za su zama ƙungiya ta biyu mafi girma a Amurka. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Charley Boone |url=https://mnaurora.com/players/charley-boone/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250717130023/https://mnaurora.com/players/charley-boone/ |archive-date=July 17, 2025 |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=[[Minnesota Aurora]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Boone ta halarci Makarantar Shirye-shiryen Seattle, inda, a matsayinta na ɗalibi ta farko, aka naɗa ta a matsayin ƙungiyar farko ta All-Metro. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Daga nan ta koma Makarantar Sakandare ta Roosevelt kuma ta sami lambar yabo ta MVP a taronta na ƙarshe. &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2021-07-20 |title=Boone's deep family ties bring her to Montana |url=https://nbcmontana.com/sports/boones-deep-family-ties-bring-her-to-montana |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819005723/https://nbcmontana.com/sports/boones-deep-family-ties-bring-her-to-montana |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=[[NBC Montana]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aikin kwaleji ==

=== Gonzaga Bulldogs ===
Boone ya buga wasa a kakar wasa ɗaya a ƙungiyar Gonzaga Bulldogs bayan ya bar makarantar sakandare. Ta sami matsala wajen shiga ƙungiyar Gonzaga kuma ta ƙare da buga wasanni 7 kacal a wasanni 2 a kakar wasa ta bana. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; A ƙarshen kamfen ɗin, Boone ya zaɓi shiga shafin canja wurin NCAA don neman wasu damammaki. &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;

=== Montana Grizzlies ===
Boone, wanda ke da alaƙa da iyali da yawa zuwa jihar [[Montana]], ya zaɓi ya koma Jami'ar Montana kafin lokacin kaka na 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; A kakar wasa ta farko tare da Lady Griz, ta bayyana a wasanni 19, galibi a matsayin mai maye gurbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Duk da sau da yawa samun kanta a kan benci, Boone har yanzu ta sami damar yin tasiri a kan tawagar. A karo na biyu da ta fara aiki, ta zira kwallaye a minti na 87 a wasan kusa da na karshe na Big Sky na 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2021-11-05 |title=Griz win, advance to title match |url=https://gogriz.com/news/2021/11/5/soccer-griz-win-advance-to-title-match |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214225930/https://gogriz.com/news/2021/11/5/soccer-griz-win-advance-to-title-match |archive-date=December 14, 2021 |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=[[Montana Grizzlies]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Grizzlies za su ci gaba da lashe gasar zakarun sannan su ci gaba zuwa Gasar NCAA, inda Jihar Washington ta ci su a zagaye na farko. Boone ya sami farawa don wasannin biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; A ƙarshen lokacinta na biyu na kwaleji, an kira Boone Sabon Sabon Shekara na Grizzlies kuma ya sami wuri a cikin ƙungiyar Big Sky All-Tournament.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

A kakar wasa mai zuwa, Boone ta tabbatar da kanta a matsayin mai mahimmanci a cikin tawagar Montana. Ta fara dukkan wasannin 20 na Grizzlies a tsakiya kuma ta buga dukkan mintuna 44 na yakin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Boone ya kai matsayi mafi girma a matsayin babban jami'i, yana karɓar karbuwa a kan All-Big Sky First Team kuma a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Montana.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Ta jagoranci tawagar a cikin minti yayin da Grizzlies suka buga mafi kyawun lokacin tsaro a tarihin Big Sky, inda suka ci kwallaye 9 kawai a wasanni 19.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Boone ta koma Montana don shekara ta biyar ta kwallon kafa yayin da ta bi digiri na biyu a [[Ginin Daji|kasuwanci]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bowman |first=Ira |date=2025-07-24 |title=Boone and Gradney, Named U.M. Scholar Athletes. |url=https://hilinetoday.com/boone-and-gradney-named-u-m-scholar-athletes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250725053659/https://hilinetoday.com/boone-and-gradney-named-u-m-scholar-athletes/ |archive-date=July 25, 2025 |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=Hi-Line Today |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta ƙare tana wasa a kowane minti na kakar a matsayin kyaftin din tawagar Grizzlies. A shekara ta biyu a jere, an kira ta MVP mai tsaron gida da kuma All-Big Sky na farko.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bagby |first=Vince |date=2024-11-05 |title=Griz soccer lands five players on First Team All Conference squad |url=https://www.swxlocalsports.com/montana/montana-grizzlies/griz-soccer-lands-five-players-on-first-team-all-conference-squad/article_5f95f016-9bb8-11ef-b717-1383549924aa.html |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=SWX Sports |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kusan ƙarshen kakar, Boone ya ba da gudummawa a nasarar da Montana ta samu 3-0 a kan Weber State wanda ya sami lambar yabo ta Big Sky ga Grizzlies.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Gabaɗaya, ta buga wasanni 77 kuma ta zira kwallaye 2 a cikin yanayi huɗu a Montana.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Boone ya kuma sami nasara a cikin aji, ya kammala karatu tare da girmamawa na Magna cum Laude kuma an kira shi Babban Masanin Sama-Athlete a tsakiyar shekara ta 2025.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-07-16 |title=Boone, Gradney named Big Sky Scholar-Athletes |url=https://gogriz.com/news/2025/7/16/general-boone-gradney-named-big-sky-scholar-athletes |access-date=2025-09-14 |website=[[Montana Grizzlies]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kulob din ==

=== Minnesota Aurora ===
Bayan barin kwaleji, Boone ya shiga kulob din Minnesota Aurora FC a gaban yakin neman zabe na USL W League na 2025. A watan Yunin 2025, an sanya mata suna a cikin tawagar league ta watan bayan wasan kwaikwayo mai karfi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-07-08 |title=W League Team of the Month: June 2025 |url=https://www.uslwleague.com/news_article/show/1342335-w-league-team-of-the-month-june-2025 |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=[[USL W League]] |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yayin da kakar ta ci gaba, Boone ta tabbatar da matsayinta a cikin jerin Aurora, tana wasa a wasanni 14 daga cikin wasanni 15 na kulob din (ciki har da dukkan wasannin 3 na playoff).  &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-07-16 |title=Minnesota Aurora's Charley Boone is USL-W Defender of the Year |url=https://www.fox9.com/sports/minnesota-aurora-charley-boone-defender |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=FOX 9 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta taimaka wa tawagar ta sami matsayi na farko a cikin Heartland Division kafin ta ci gaba zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na USL W League, inda Utah United ta ci Aurora.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Swanson |first=Shelby |date=2025-07-16 |title=Minnesota Aurora's Charley Boone is USL W League Defender of the Year |url=https://www.startribune.com/charley-boone-minnesota-aurora-usl-w-league-defender-of-the-year-womens-soccer/601428389 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250717051819/https://www.startribune.com/charley-boone-minnesota-aurora-usl-w-league-defender-of-the-year-womens-soccer/601428389 |archive-date=July 17, 2025 |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=[[The Minnesota Star Tribune]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙarshen kakar, an kira Boone mai kare shekara.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Ayyukanta tare da sauran ƙungiyar tsaron Minnesota sun haifar da jimlar shutouts 10 kuma kawai 4 da aka ba da izini a duk lokacin kakar.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;

=== Spokane Zephyr ===
A ranar 14 ga watan Agusta, 2025, Boone ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arta ta farko tare da kungiyar Spokane Zephyr FC ta USL Super League . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Spokane Zephyr FC Signs Gritty Defender and 2025 USL W League Defender of the Year, Charley Boone |url=https://www.uslspokane.com/news/2025/08/14/spokane-zephyr-fc-signs-gritty-defender-and-2025-usl-w-league-defender-of-the-year-charley-boone/ |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=USL Spokane |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251116222547/https://www.uslspokane.com/news/2025/08/14/spokane-zephyr-fc-signs-gritty-defender-and-2025-usl-w-league-defender-of-the-year-charley-boone/ |archive-date=2025-11-16 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta fara bugawa a ranar 13 ga watan Satumba, ta fara kuma ta buga minti 72 a cikin nasarar 2-0 a kan Tampa Bay Sun FC.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Spokane Zephyr FC has Strong Offensive Showing in 2-0 Win Over Tampa Bay Sun FC |url=https://www.uslspokane.com/news/2025/09/13/spokane-zephyr-fc-has-strong-offensive-showing-in-2-0-win-over-tampa-bay-sun-fc/ |access-date=2025-09-14 |website=USL Spokane |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kungiyar ta ninka bayan kakar a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2026.

== Kididdigar aiki ==

=== Kungiyar ===
{{Updated|September 13, 2025}}&lt;ref name=Soccerway/&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Lokacin
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ƙungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kofin
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Jimillar
|-
!Rarraba
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
!Aikace-aikacen
!Manufofin
|-
|Minnesota Aurora FC
|2025
|USL W League
|11
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|4
|0
|15
|0
|-
|Spokane Zephyr FC
|2025–26
|USL Super League
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|1
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Cikakken aikinsa
!12
!0
!0
!0
!4
!0
!16
!0
|}
{{Notelist}}

== Daraja ==
'''Montana Grizzlies'''

* Gasar Big Sky: 2021 &lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2021-07-11 |title=Montana wins seventh Big Sky championship |url=https://gogriz.com/news/2021/11/7/soccer-montana-wins-seventh-big-sky-championship |access-date=2025-09-14 |website=[[Montana Grizzlies]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Big Sky masu cin kofin kakar wasa ta yau da kullun: 2023, 2024 &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;

'''Mutumin da ya fi so'''

* Kungiyar Big Sky ta gasar: 2021 &lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;
* Kungiyar farko All-Big Sky: 2023, 2024 &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
* USL W League Defender of the Year: 2025 &lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==

== Haɗin waje ==

* Charley Boone at Soccerway.com 
* [https://gogriz.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/charley-boone/6867 Charley Boone] a Montana Grizzlies
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'''Peter Gene Hernandez''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba, 1985), wanda aka fi sani da '''Bruno Mars''', mawaƙi ne kuma marubucin waƙoƙi dan [[Amurka]], mai shirya rikodin kuma mai rawa. An dauke shi a matsayin babban jigo a pop, an san shi da muryar murya ta uku, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa, salo na zamanin baya, da kuma yawan kiɗa. Yana tare da ƙungiyarsa, Hooligans . An haife shi a [[Honolulu]], Mars ya sami karbuwa a Hawaii tun yana yaro saboda ya zama Elvis Presley, kafin ya koma Los Angeles a 2003 don neman aikin kiɗa.

Mars ya kafa sunansa a masana'antar kiɗa a matsayin marubucin waƙa kuma wanda ya kafa ƙungiyar samarwa ta Smeezingtons. Ya zama sananne a matsayin mai yin rikodi bayan ya nuna a kan lambar Amurka &quot;Nothin' on You&quot; (2009) ta B.o.B. Mars ta farko uku studio albums - ''Doo-Wops &amp;amp;amp; Hooligans'' (2010), Unorthodox Jukebox (2012), da ''24K Magic'' (2016) - ya sami gagarumin nasara da kasuwanci, tare da na ƙarshe ya lashe Grammy Award for Album of the Year. A cikin shekarun 2010, Mars ta sami ci gaba da samun nasara tare da waƙoƙin da suka fi dacewa: &quot;Just the Way You Are&quot;, &quot;Grenade&quot;, &quot;Locked Out of Heaven&quot;, &quot;Lokacin da Na kasance Mutuminku&quot;, da kuma &quot;Wannan shine Abin da nake so&quot;. Haɗin gwiwarsa na 2014 tare da Mark Ronson, &quot;Uptown Funk&quot;, ya zama Waƙar da ta fi dacewa da &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwMA&quot;&gt;Billboard&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; a cikin shekarun 2010.

A cikin 2021, Mars ta fitar da An Evening with Silk Sonic tare da Anderson. .Paak, a matsayin mai kiɗa mai suna Silk Sonic . Kundin ya ƙunshi lambar Amurka &quot;Leave the Door Open&quot;. A cikin 2024, ya fitar da duets guda biyu masu rikodin-ɗaya, &quot;Ka mutu tare da Murmushi&quot; (tare da [[Lady Gaga]]) da &quot;APT&quot;. (tare da Rosé). Mars kuma ya fitar da kundi na farko a cikin shekaru goma, The Romantic (2026), wanda ya jagoranci ta goma ta Amurka, &quot;I Just Might&quot;.

Mars ya sayar da rikodin sama da miliyan 150 a duk duniya, yana mai da shi daya daga cikin Masu fasahar kiɗa mafi kyawun lokaci. &amp;nbsp;Yana da goma na lamba daya a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100 kuma mafi yawan makonni a saman &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwSQ&quot;&gt;Billboard&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; Global 200. Mars ita ce kawai mai zane da ta wuce [[Spotify]]&quot; id=&quot;mwSg&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;List of most-streamed artists on Spotify&quot;&gt;Masu sauraro miliyan 150 a kowane wata a kan Spotify kuma ta farko da ta zira kwallaye shida na lu'u-lu'u a Amurka. Yawon shakatawa na duniya na 24K (2017-2018) yana cikin manyan yawon shakatawa a tarihi. Kyautar Mars ta haɗa da 16 Grammy Awards, 17 American Music Awards, 9 Billboard Music Awards, 5 Brit Awards, 7 MTV Video Music Awards da 14 Soul Train Awards. ''[[Time (magazine)|Lokaci]]'' ya sanya shi cikin [[Time 100|Mutane 100 mafi tasiri a duniya]] a shekarar 2011.

=== 1985-2003: Rayuwa ta farko da farkon kiɗa ===
An haifi Peter Gene Hernandez a ranar 8 ga Oktoba, 1985, a Honolulu, Hawaii, ga Peter Hernandez da Bernadette San Pedro Bayot . Ya girma ne a unguwar Waikīkī ta Honolulu . &lt;ref name=&quot;Latina&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Alarcon |first=Jesus Trivino |date=February 1, 2017 |title=Mr. Everything |url=http://www.latina.com/featured/magazine/2017/bruno-mars/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170130174719/http://www.latina.com/featured/magazine/2017/bruno-mars/ |archive-date=January 30, 2017 |access-date=February 1, 2017 |website=[[Latina (magazine)|Latina]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mahaifinsa, asalinsa daga Brooklyn, New York, ya fito ne daga Puerto Rican da Ashkenazi Yahudawa, tare da asalin kakanninmu a Hungary da Ukraine. Mahaifiyarsa ya yi hijira daga Philippines zuwa Hawaii kuma ta kasance daga asalin Filipino.&lt;ref name=&quot;midweek&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Moniz |first=Melissa |date=April 14, 2010 |title=Starring Bruno Mars |url=http://archives.midweek.com/content/story/midweek_coverstory/Bruno_Mars_Nothin_On_You/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150110140650/http://archives.midweek.com/content/story/midweek_coverstory/Bruno_Mars_Nothin_On_You/ |archive-date=January 10, 2015 |access-date=September 15, 2010 |website=[[MidWeek]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyayen Hernandez sun hadu yayin da suke yin wasan kwaikwayo - mahaifiyarsa a matsayin mai rawa na hula kuma mahaifinsa a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa. A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyu, mahaifinsa ya ba shi lakabi &quot;Bruno&quot;, wanda ya yi tunanin ya yi kama da ƙwararren mai kokawa Bruno Sammartino.&lt;ref name=&quot;guardian&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lester |first=Paul |date=September 13, 2010 |title=New band of the day: Bruno Mars (No 865) |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/sep/13/new-band-bruno-mars |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921211949/http://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/sep/13/new-band-bruno-mars |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=September 15, 2010 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mars na ɗaya daga cikin yara shida kuma ya fito ne daga dangin kiɗa waɗanda suka fallasa shi ga nau'ikan kiɗa daban-daban, gami da rock da roll, reggae, hip-hop, da rhythm da blues.&lt;ref name=&quot;guardian&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 18, 2010 |title=Bruno Mars and Phillip Lawrence |url=http://www.ascap.com/playback/2010/03/ACTION/Mars_Lawrence.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121007090455/http://www.ascap.com/playback/2010/03/ACTION/Mars_Lawrence.aspx |archive-date=October 7, 2012 |access-date=September 15, 2010 |publisher=[[American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mahaifiyarsa mawaƙiya ce kuma mai rawa kuma mahaifinsa ya yi waƙar Little Richard, wanda ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi tun yana ƙarami.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 1, 2017 |title=Em miúdo, Bruno Mars já tinha a escola toda |url=https://blitz.pt/videos/2017-04-01-Em-miudo-Bruno-Mars-ja-tinha-a-escola-toda |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215142023/https://blitz.pt/videos/2017-04-01-Em-miudo-Bruno-Mars-ja-tinha-a-escola-toda |archive-date=February 15, 2020 |access-date=January 16, 2020 |website=[[Blitz (Portuguese magazine)|Blitz]] |language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kakansa, Mai kwaikwayon Elvis, ya ƙarfafa Mars mai shekaru uku ya yi waƙoƙin Presley da [[Michael Jackson]].&lt;ref name=&quot;midweek&quot; /&gt; Mars ya fara yin kwanaki biyar a mako tare da ƙungiyar iyalinsa (Love Notes) yana da shekaru huɗu, gami da Sheraton Waikiki, kuma ya zama sananne a Hawaii saboda ya zama [[Elvis Presley]] a kan mataki.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Singing as a Tot&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hope |first=Clover |date=October 4, 2010 |title=Bruno Mars on Songwriting, Singing as a Tot, Working with Ne-Yo |url=http://www.vibe.com/content/bruno-mars-songwriting-singing-tot-working-neyo |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717195644/http://www.vibe.com/content/bruno-mars-songwriting-singing-tot-working-neyo |archive-date=July 17, 2011 |access-date=March 7, 2011 |website=Vibe}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;LATMK&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Wood |first=Mikael |date=February 25, 2022 |title=How Silk Sonic is bringing a 'set list of doom' to joyous life in Las Vegas |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2022-02-25/silk-sonic-bruno-mars-anderson-paak-las-vegas |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250814221032/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2022-02-25/silk-sonic-bruno-mars-anderson-paak-las-vegas |archive-date=August 14, 2025 |access-date=September 8, 2025 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wani lokaci, ya yi fitsari a kansa yayin wasan kwaikwayon Presley na &quot;Can't Help Falling in Love&quot; lokacin da yake dan shekara biyar; iyayensa sun yi tunanin cewa suna iya yin kuskure, amma bai taɓa yin motsi ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSBH&quot; /&gt; Mars ya bayyana a cikin mai sayen tabloid na Hawaiian MidWeek a matsayin &quot;Little Elvis&quot; a cikin 1990, kuma ya yi a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na rabin lokaci na 1990 Aloha Bowl.  &lt;ref name=&quot;midweek&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Now |first=Hawaii News |date=January 30, 2014 |title=Little 'Bruno' rocked the Aloha Bowl in 1990 |url=http://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/story/24596277/little-bruno-rocked-the-aloha-bowl-in-1990 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229102139/http://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/story/24596277/little-bruno-rocked-the-aloha-bowl-in-1990 |archive-date=December 29, 2016 |access-date=December 28, 2016 |website=[[Hawaii News Now]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya taka rawar gani a fim din 1992 ''Honeymoon a Vegas'', kuma Pauly Shore ya yi masa tambayoyi a MTV. Lokacin da Mars ke da shekaru shida, ya bayyana a cikin Arsenio Hall Show . Ya yi wasan kwaikwayo biyu a dare a duk makarantar sakandare tare da ƙungiyar iyalinsa, yana rufe waƙoƙin Frankie Lymon da Little Anthony. Matashin Mars yana da ƙaramin drum, guitar, piano da kayan kida, kuma ya koyi kunna su. Iyayensa sun sake aure lokacin da yake dan shekara 12 (ya ƙare Love Notes), kuma kasuwancin mahaifinsa daban-daban sun gaza. Mars, ɗan'uwansa da mahaifinsa sun zauna a cikin &quot;ƙananan hukumomi na Hawaii&quot; a cikin mota, a kan rufin, da kuma a cikin gidan zoo na tsuntsaye (Paradise Park) inda mahaifinsa ya yi aiki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 17, 2016 |title=The park Bruno Mars used to call home |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/bruno-mars-used-to-call-home-60-minutes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190204014436/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/bruno-mars-used-to-call-home-60-minutes/ |archive-date=February 4, 2019 |access-date=February 3, 2019 |website=[[CBS News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mars ta canza makarantu kuma an zalunta ta, amma daga baya ta zama sananne.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSBH&quot; /&gt;

Ayyukansa na Elvis sun yi babban tasiri a kan juyin halitta na kiɗa da kuma fasahar yin wasan kwaikwayo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meetsbruno&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gentry |first=Colin |date=September 22, 2010 |title=4Music.com meets Bruno Mars |url=http://www.4music.com/news/interviews/4Music.com-meets-Bruno-Mars |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304122122/http://www.4music.com/news/interviews/4Music.com-meets-Bruno-Mars |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=February 4, 2011 |website=[[4Music]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mars ya fara wasa da guitar, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar dan wasan rock na Amurka [[Jimi Hendrix]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;UTAO&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Oldenburg |first=Ann |date=March 13, 2012 |title=Bruno Mars poses on the cover of 'Playboy' |url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/entertainment/post/2012/03/bruno-mars-poses-on-the-cover-of-playboy-/1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215142023/http://content.usatoday.com/communities/entertainment/post/2012/03/bruno-mars-poses-on-the-cover-of-playboy-/1 |archive-date=February 15, 2020 |access-date=July 25, 2017 |website=USA Today}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2010, ya amince da asalinsa na Hawaii da danginsa na kiɗa a matsayin tasiri: &quot;Girga a Hawaii ya sanya ni mutumin da nake. Na kasance ina yin wasan kwaikwayo da yawa a Hawaii tare da ƙungiyar mahaifina. Kowane mutum a cikin iyalina yana raira waƙa, kowa yana wasa da kayan kida ... kawai an kewaye ni da shi. &quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 10, 2010 |title=Greetings From Bruno Mars (YouTube video) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yWMJyNSIpM |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260130032341/https://www.youtube.com/watch?pp=iAQB8AUB&amp;v=6yWMJyNSIpM&amp;feature=applinks |archive-date=January 30, 2026 |publisher=[[Elektra Records]] |access-date=October 11, 2026 |url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Latina&quot; /&gt;&amp;nbsp;A Makarantar Sakandare ta Shugaba Theodore Roosevelt da ke Honolulu, Mars ta raira waƙa a cikin rukuni (The School Boys) wanda ya buɗe wa sabuwar ƙungiyar mahaifinsa tare da waƙoƙin Isley Brothers da Temptations.&lt;ref name=&quot;midweek&quot; /&gt; Ya zama sananne sosai a cikin nishaɗin Hawaii a makarantar sakandare, yana buɗewa don babban wasan kwaikwayo na sihiri kuma yana nuna Michael Jackson don $ 75 a kowane wasan kwaikwayo.&lt;ref name=&quot;RSBH&quot; /&gt;

=== 2004-2008: Farkon aiki ===
Mars ya ce game da ƙaura zuwa Los Angeles don neman aikin kiɗa:

Mars ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da [[Motown]] Records a shekara ta 2004, amma yarjejeniyar &quot;ba ta tafi ko'ina ba&quot; kuma yana da tattaunawa mara amfani tare da gudanarwar will.i.am.&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbit&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Steve |date=January 25, 2011 |title=Bruno Mars' musical orbit seems inescapable |url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2011-01-25-brunomars25_ST_N.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110201064858/http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2011-01-25-brunomars25_ST_N.htm |archive-date=February 1, 2011 |access-date=February 3, 2011 |website=USA Today}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GQ interview&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heath |first=Christ |date=March 19, 2013 |title=The Mars Expedition |url=https://www.gq.com/style/wear-it-now/201304/bruno-mars-interview-gq-april-2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416215205/http://www.gq.com/story/bruno-mars-interview-gq-april-2013 |archive-date=April 16, 2016 |access-date=March 14, 2015 |website=[[GQ]] |pages=2–3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, kwarewar mawaƙin tare da Motown ya kasance mai fa'ida.&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbit&quot; /&gt; Bayan da lakabin ya bar Mars, kasa da shekara guda bayan haka, ya kasance a Los Angeles kuma ya sauka da yarjejeniyar buga kiɗa ta 2005 tare da masu samar da rikodin Steve Lindsey da Cameron Strang a Westside Independent.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forbes: Mars Attacks!&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Greenburg |first=Zack O'Malley |date=May 18, 2011 |title=Mars Attacks! |url=https://www.forbes.com/2011/05/17/celebrity-100-11-bruno-mars-travie-mccoy-janick-mars-attack.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928131954/http://www.forbes.com/2011/05/17/celebrity-100-11-bruno-mars-travie-mccoy-janick-mars-attack.html |archive-date=September 28, 2013 |access-date=July 18, 2013 |website=Forbes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ASCAP Expo: My Take: Steve Lindsey&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hill |first=Heather |date=April 24, 2013 |title=ASCAP Expo: My Take |url=http://heatherhill.ca/ascap-expo-my-take/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131001043222/http://heatherhill.ca/ascap-expo-my-take/ |archive-date=October 1, 2013 |access-date=July 18, 2013 |website=[[American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers|ASCAP]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cewar Strang, &quot;Bruno ya zo ga ƙarshe cewa hanya mafi kyau don ci gaba da aikinsa ita ce rubuce-rubuce da samar da waƙoƙin da aka buga&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forbes: Mars Attacks!&quot; /&gt;

Lindsey ya nuna Mars da 'yan uwansa Brody Brown da Jeff Bhasker (wanda Mars ya sadu da shi ta hanyar Mike Lynn) a cikin rubuce-rubucen kiɗa kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara, yana taimaka musu inganta sana'ar su.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forbes: Mars Attacks!&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;MCDK&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kimpel |first=Dan |date=March 7, 2016 |title=Songwriter Profile: Body Brown (Bruno Mars, Adele, Mark Ronson) |url=https://www.musicconnection.com/songwriter-profile-brody-brown-bruno-mars-adele-mark-ronson/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111173522/https://www.musicconnection.com/songwriter-profile-brody-brown-bruno-mars-adele-mark-ronson/ |archive-date=November 11, 2018 |access-date=November 11, 2018 |website=[[Music Connection]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ASRBJB&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=LeDonne |first=Rob |date=July 10, 2013 |title=Jeff Bhasker: Music's Go-To Guy |url=http://www.americansongwriter.com/2013/07/songwriter-u-jeff-bhasker-musics-go-to-guy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201213357/http://www.americansongwriter.com/2013/07/songwriter-u-jeff-bhasker-musics-go-to-guy/ |archive-date=February 1, 2014 |access-date=November 17, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bhasker ya bayyana cewa Lindsey zai &quot;yi wahayi zuwa gare mu, kuma ya ba mu laccoci game da abin da waƙar da aka buga, saboda kuna iya samun baiwa da ikon kiɗa, amma fahimtar abin da ke sa waƙar da ta buga wani horo ne. &quot;A cewar Lindsey, ya &quot;tsare Mars na tsawon shekaru biyar yayin da suka koyi kundin kiɗa mai yawa&quot;.  &lt;ref name=&quot;ASCAP Expo: My Take: Steve Lindsey&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ASRBJB&quot; /&gt;Brown ya yarda a wata hira.&lt;ref name=&quot;MCDK&quot; /&gt; Mars ta buga waƙoƙin murfin a kusa da Los Angeles a cikin Sex Panther, ƙungiyar tare da Bhasker da Eric Hernandez (ɗan'uwan Mars, wanda ya zama mai bugawa na Hooligans). &lt;ref name=&quot;Forbes: Mars Attacks!&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fekadu |first=Mesfin |date=January 31, 2013 |title=Producer Behind Fun. Takes Center Stage at Grammys |url=https://news.yahoo.com/producer-behind-fun-takes-center-stage-grammys-154614875.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408231714/http://news.yahoo.com/producer-behind-fun-takes-center-stage-grammys-154614875.html |archive-date=April 8, 2014 |access-date=May 4, 2014 |agency=Associated Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lokacin da aka gaya wa Philip Lawrence ya kamata ya sadu da Mars, ya yi jinkirin yin hakan tunda ba shi da kudi don farashi na bas. Keith Harris, mai bugawa na Black Eyed Peas, ya gaya wa Lawrence: &quot;Duk abin da yake kashe maka don fita nan, zan biya ku&quot;.Lawrence ya amsa, &quot;Kawai ka mayar mini da dala biyar don bas din&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bruno Mars' Right Hand Man&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=LeDonne |first=Rob |date=September 4, 2013 |title=Philip Lawrence: Bruno Mars' Right Hand Man Goes Solo |url=http://americansongwriter.com/2013/09/songwriter-u-philip-lawrence-bruno-mars-right-hand-man-goes-solo/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223092130/http://americansongwriter.com/2013/09/songwriter-u-philip-lawrence-bruno-mars-right-hand-man-goes-solo/ |archive-date=December 23, 2015 |access-date=December 7, 2015 |website=[[American Songwriter]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ma'aurata sun fara hada kai a kan waƙoƙi don Mars, amma sun sami ƙin yarda da yawa daga lakabin rikodin. Lawrence ya gabatar da Mars ga Aaron Bay-Schuck, manajan A&amp;R na gaba a Atlantic Records, a cikin shekara ta 2006.&lt;ref name=&quot;hitquarters.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 13, 2010 |title=Interview with Aaron Bay-Schuck |url=http://www.hitquarters.com/index.php3?page=intrview/opar/intrview_AaronBaySchuck_int.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190521053612/http://www.hitquarters.com/index.php3?page=intrview%2Fopar%2Fintrview_AaronBaySchuck_int.html |archive-date=May 21, 2019 |access-date=December 14, 2010 |website=[[HitQuarters]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan ya ji ya buga waƙoƙi biyu a kan guitar, Bay-Schuck ya so ya sanya hannu a kansa nan da nan. Ya ɗauki kimanin shekaru uku ga Atlantic Records don sanya hannu kan Mars, duk da haka, saboda lakabin ya ji ya yi wuri kuma yana buƙatar bunkasa a matsayin mai zane.&lt;ref name=&quot;hitquarters.com&quot; /&gt;

Mars ta kasance mai samar da kiɗa kafin ta zama mai zane-zane mai cin nasara, tana rubuta waƙoƙi ga Alexandra Burke, [[Adam Levine]], Brandy, Sean Kingston, da K'naan . &lt;ref name=&quot;guardian&quot; /&gt; Ya ce &quot;babban bugawa&quot; na farko da shi da Lawrence suka rubuta shi ne na 2009, &quot;Right Round&quot;, na Flo Rida: &quot;Wannan shine ɗanɗano na farko na abin da zai iya faruwa da gaske tare da bugawa da muka yi kashi ɗari&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;whois&quot; /&gt; Mars ta rubuta &quot;Get Sexy&quot; na Sugababes (2009) kuma ta ba da goyon baya a cikin kundin su, Sweet 7 (2010).  Ya raira waƙa a kan waƙar &quot;3D&quot; a kan kundi na biyu na Far East Movement, Animal (2009). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Animal by Far East Movement FM |url=https://itunes.apple.com/album/animal/id303539971 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110205536/https://itunes.apple.com/album/animal/id303539971 |archive-date=November 10, 2012 |access-date=September 15, 2010 |publisher=[[iTunes Store]]. [[Apple Inc.]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mars ya bayyana a kan fastocin Amurka kuma mai zane-zane na hip hop Jaeson Ma na farko, &quot;Love&quot;, da kuma rapper na Amurka Travie McCoy na &quot;One at a Time&quot; (wani sadaka don tushen MTV ta Staying Alive) a wannan shekarar. An san shi a matsayin mai zane-zane bayan ya bayyana a kan rapper na Amurka B.o.B's &quot;Nothin' on You&quot; (2009) da McCoy's &quot;Billionaire&quot; (2010); duka waƙoƙin sun kai saman goma na labaran kiɗa da yawa, tare da tsohon ya hau kan Amurka &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwAaE&quot;&gt;Billboard&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; Hot 100 da UK Singles Chart.&lt;ref name=&quot;UKcharts&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 29, 2010 |title=Bruno Mars Official Chart History |url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/6419/bruno-mars/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150313175650/http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/6419/BRUNO-MARS/ |archive-date=March 13, 2015 |access-date=September 22, 2012 |publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Intcharts&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Discography Bruno Mars |url=http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Bruno+Mars |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151201235128/http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Bruno+Mars |archive-date=December 1, 2015 |access-date=October 8, 2024 |publisher=Hung Medien}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mars ya ce game da waƙoƙin, &quot;Ina tsammanin waɗannan waƙoƙun ba a nufin su zama waƙoƙi masu cike da waƙa ba. Idan na raira duk 'Nothin' a kan Kai', zai iya zama kamar wasu &lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;90s R&amp;B &amp; B' [1]Ya fitar da wasan sa na farko (EP), Yana da kyau Idan Ba ku fahimta ba, a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2010. [2] Ya kai lamba 99 a kan US Billboard 200, kuma an saki bidiyon kiɗa don &quot;The Other Side&quot; tare da mawaƙa CeeLo Green da B.o.B.[3][4] Mars da Smeezingtons sun hada da nasarar Green ta 2010 guda, &quot;Fuck You&quot;.[5]
[[File:Bruno_Mars_keyboard.jpg|alt=A smiling Mars onstage, seated at a keyboard|thumb|Mars a wani kide-kide na 2010 a [[Houston]], Texas]]
Mars released &quot;Just the Way You Are&quot; on July 20, 2010, as the lead single of his debut studio album, ''Doo-Wops &amp;amp;amp; Hooligans'', produced primarily by the Smeezingtons. It topped the charts of several countries, including Australia, Canada and the U.S.&lt;ref name=&quot;Intcharts&quot; /&gt; The album, released on October 5, 2010, debuted at number three on the ''Billboard'' 200 and topped the charts in the UK,&lt;ref name=&quot;UKcharts&quot; /&gt; the Netherlands and Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;Intcharts&quot; /&gt; ''Doo-Wops &amp; Hooligans'' has sold 15.5&amp;nbsp;million copies worldwide.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Redacción Entretenimiento |date=October 5, 2020 |title=Bruno Mars celebra diez años de &quot;Doo-Wops &amp; Hooligans&quot; |url=https://www.elespectador.com/entretenimiento/musica/bruno-mars-celebra-diez-anos-de-doo-wops-hooligans/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006024253/https://www.elespectador.com/entretenimiento/musica/bruno-mars-celebra-diez-anos-de-doo-wops-hooligans/ |archive-date=October 6, 2020 |access-date=October 6, 2020 |website=[[El Espectador]] |language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt; It spawned two other singles: &quot;Grenade&quot; (which topped the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, New Zealand, UK, and other charts) and &quot;The Lazy Song&quot;, which topped the UK and Danish charts.&lt;ref name=&quot;UKcharts&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Intcharts&quot; /&gt;

Sauran waƙoƙi sun haɗa da &quot;Talking to the Moon&quot;, wanda aka saki a Brazil kuma ya hau kan &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwAhU&quot;&gt;Billboard&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; Brazil's Hot Pop Songs da Hot 100 Airplay charts.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 21, 2011 |title=Bruno Mars estána trilha de &quot;Insensato Coração&quot; |url=http://www.warnermusic.com.br/portal/newswindow.aspx?317 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930060029/http://www.warnermusic.com.br/portal/newswindow.aspx?317 |archive-date=September 30, 2011 |access-date=June 12, 2014 |website=Warner Music Brasil |language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |year=2011 |title=Billboard Brasil Hot 100 Airplay |journal=[[Billboard Brasil]] &lt;!--|issn=977-217605400-2 --&gt; |pages=78–79}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=December 2011 – January 2012 |title=Billboard Brasil Hot Pop &amp; Popular |journal=[[Billboard Brasil]] |publisher=BPP |issue=26&lt;!--|issn=977-217605400-2--&gt; |pages=144–145}}&lt;/ref&gt; An saki &quot;Marry You&quot; a duniya kuma &quot;Count On Me&quot; ita ce ta karshe a Australia.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Corner |first=Lewis |date=August 1, 2011 |title=Bruno Mars: 'Marry You' |url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/singlesreviews/a332198/bruno-mars-marry-you.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703200408/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/singlesreviews/a332198/bruno-mars-marry-you.html |archive-date=July 3, 2013 |access-date=October 3, 2013 |website=Digital Spy}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=&lt;!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--&gt; |date=November 7, 2011 |title=Bruno Mars – Count On Me |url=http://www.themusicnetwork.com/music-releases/singles/2011/11/07/issue--861/bruno-mars---count-on-me/ |journal=[[The Music Network]] |location=Australia |issue=861 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403114737/http://www.themusicnetwork.com/music-releases/singles/2011/11/07/issue--861/bruno-mars---count-on-me/ |archive-date=April 3, 2012 |access-date=January 10, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mars ta fitar da &quot;It Will Rain&quot; a kan ''The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn - Sashe na 1'' na fim din (2011).  Ɗaya ya kai lamba ta uku a Amurka da lamba ta biyu a New Zealand.&lt;ref name=&quot;Intcharts&quot; /&gt; Ya bayyana a kan &quot;[[Lil Wayne]] song)&quot;&gt;Mirror&quot; tare da rapper Lil Wayne, &quot;Lighters&quot; tare da duo na hip-hop Bad Meets Evil da &quot;Young, Wild &amp; Free&quot; tare da masu rapper [[Wiz Khalifa]] da [[Snoop Dogg]]. Waƙoƙin biyu na ƙarshe sun kai saman goma a Amurka da sauran ƙasashe.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hot100History&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Intcharts&quot; /&gt;

Mars ya fara inganta kundi na farko a matsayin aikin buɗewa na Maroon 5 da OneRepublic a kan ɓangaren faduwar tsohon Palm Trees &amp; Power Lines Tour. A ranar 18 ga Oktoba, 2010, ya fara rangadin kide-kide na Turai tare da McCoy wanda ya kasance har zuwa farkon Nuwamba. Yawon shakatawa na Doo-Wops &amp;amp;amp; Hooligans, wanda Mars ta jagoranci, ya gudana daga Nuwamba 2010 zuwa Janairu 2012 .  A wannan lokacin, Hooligans masu haɗin gwiwa a cikin Wondaland Tour tare da Mars da Janelle Monáe sun buga kwanakin Arewacin Amurka a watan Mayu da Yuni 2011.   Mars ya ƙi tayin buɗewa don yawon shakatawa na fagen wasa, ya zaɓi maimakon yin wasa a ƙananan wurare kamar su gidajen wasan kwaikwayo da ɗakunan rawa; wannan ba shi da riba, amma ya faɗaɗa tushen magoya bayansa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=O'Malley Greenburg |first=Zack |date=January 6, 2014 |title=From Cereal To Super Bowl: The Evolution of Bruno Mars |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2014/01/06/from-cereal-to-super-bowl-the-evolution-of-bruno-mars/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209080747/http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2014/01/06/from-cereal-to-super-bowl-the-evolution-of-bruno-mars/ |archive-date=February 9, 2014 |access-date=March 1, 2014 |website=Forbes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A Grammy Awards na 2011, Mars ya lashe kyautar Grammy ta farko don Mafi kyawun Maza Pop Vocal Performance don &quot;Just the Way You Are&quot; kuma ya sami wasu gabatarwa shida: Mafi Kyawun Rap Song, Mafi Kyawun Haɗin gwiwar Rap / Song na Shekara don &quot;Nothin' on You&quot;; rukuni na ƙarshe da Song of the Year don &quot;Fuck You&quot; na CLo Green, da kuma Mai ga Shekara, Non-Classical (a matsayin Smeezingtons).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=2010 |title=Final Nominations List: 53rd Grammy Awards |url=http://www.grammy.com/files/53rdpresslist113010.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214033514/http://www.grammy.com/files/53rdpresslist113010.pdf |archive-date=December 14, 2010 |access-date=December 2, 2010 |website=[[Naras]] |publisher=[[National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A 2012 Grammy Awards, an zabi Mars don Album of the Year da Best Pop Vocal Album don ''Doo-Wops &amp; Hooligans'', da Best Pop Solo Performance, Record da Song of the Year don &quot;Grenade&quot;; Mai gabatarwa na Shekara, Ba na gargajiya ba (a matsayin Smeezingtons). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Grammy Awards 2012: Winners and nominees list |url=https://www.latimes.com/la-env-grammy-awards-2012-winners-nominees-list,0,3097814.htmlstory#axzz2pGZLEG00 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216211500/http://www.latimes.com/la-env-grammy-awards-2012-winners-nominees-list,0,3097814.htmlstory#axzz2pGZLEG00 |archive-date=February 16, 2012 |access-date=June 30, 2013 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mars ya sami lambar yabo ta farko ta Amurka don Mawallafin Pop / Rock Male Artist, Mawallafin Solo na Duniya a Brit Awards, da kuma Echo Award for Best International Male .  

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2012, Mars ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar wallafe-wallafen duniya tare da BMG Chrysalis US . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Paul |date=March 22, 2012 |title=BMG Chrysalis captures Bruno Mars |url=http://www.musicweek.com/story.asp?sectioncode=1&amp;storycode=1048916&amp;c=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130831081957/http://www.musicweek.com/news/read/bmg-chrysalis-captures-bruno-mars/048407 |archive-date=August 31, 2013 |access-date=March 26, 2012 |website=[[Music Week]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cikin wata hira da aka yi da shi a watan Satumbar 2012 don mujallar ''Billboard'', ya tabbatar da cewa kundi na gaba zai kasance ya bambanta da kiɗa: &quot;Ina so in sami 'yanci da alatu don shiga cikin ɗakin karatu kuma in ce, 'Yau ina so in yi rikodin hip-hop, R&amp;B, rai ko dutse'&quot;. An saki Unorthodox Jukebox a ranar 11 ga Disamba, 2012, a Amurka. Kundin ya fara ne a lamba ta biyu a kan ''Billboard'' 200 kafin ya hau kan ginshiƙi. Har ila yau, ya hau kan sigogi a Ostiraliya, Kanada da Burtaniya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Intcharts&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Allcock |first=Sam |date=December 17, 2012 |title=Official Albums Chart Analysis: Mars at No.1 with 136k first week sales |url=https://news168.co.uk/news/official-albums-chart-analysis-mars-at-no1-with-136k-first-week-sales |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260302224948/https://news168.co.uk/official-albums-chart-analysis-mars-at-no1-with-136k-first-week-sales/ |archive-date=March 2, 2026 |access-date=December 17, 2012 |website=Music Week}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sayar da fiye da miliyan shida a duk duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marsh |first=Joanne |date=March 8, 2016 |title=Bruno Mars to release third studio album later this year |url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/bruno-mars-3-1206168 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170226050124/http://www.nme.com/news/music/bruno-mars-3-1206168 |archive-date=February 26, 2017 |access-date=February 25, 2017 |website=[[NME]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A 2014 Grammy Awards, Mars ta sami kyautar Best Pop Vocal Album don Unorthodox Jukebox . An zabi &quot;Locked Out of Heaven&quot; don Record da Song of the Year, kuma &quot;Lokacin da Na kasance Mutuminku&quot; an zabi shi don Mafi kyawun Pop Solo Performance . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Los Angeles Times Staff |date=January 26, 2015 |title=Grammys 2014: The complete list of nominees and winners |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/la-et-ms-grammy-nominations-winners-list-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150304121852/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/la-et-ms-grammy-nominations-winners-list-story.html |archive-date=March 4, 2015 |access-date=December 7, 2015 |website=Los Angeles Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan shekarar, kundin ya sami lambar yabo ta Juno don Album na Duniya na Shekara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 29, 2014 |title=2014 Juno Gala Dinner &amp; Awards Winners |url=http://junoawards.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/2014-JUNO-List-GALA.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426201952/http://junoawards.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/2014-JUNO-List-GALA.pdf |archive-date=April 26, 2014 |access-date=March 30, 2014 |website=Juno}}&lt;/ref&gt; An jefa Mars a matsayin Roberto a cikin fim din Rio 2 (2014),  kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga sauti tare da waƙar &quot;Barka da dawowa&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Rio 2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=March 27, 2013 |title='Rio 2': Bruno Mars chante 'Welcome Back' pour la bande originale du film |url=http://www.chartsinfrance.net/Bruno-Mars/news-91223.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204041011/http://www.chartsinfrance.net/Bruno-Mars/news-91223.html |archive-date=December 4, 2020 |access-date=March 29, 2013 |publisher=[[Pure Charts]] |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 2014, Mark Ronson ya fitar da &quot;Uptown Funk&quot; tare da Mars.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rogerson |first=Ben |date=2024-11-08 |title=&quot;To be honest, when Bruno first sent me the demo I thought it was kind of cheesy. But he just knew, and he said - in the nicest possible way - 'It's this way or the highway', and he was completely right&quot;: Mark Ronson on the making of Uptown Funk |url=https://www.musicradar.com/artists/singers-songwriters/to-be-honest-when-bruno-first-sent-me-the-demo-i-thought-it-was-kind-of-cheesy-but-he-just-knew-and-he-said-in-the-nicest-possible-way-its-this-way-or-the-highway-and-he-was-completely-right-mark-ronson-on-the-making-of-uptown-funk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251012232717/https://www.musicradar.com/artists/singers-songwriters/to-be-honest-when-bruno-first-sent-me-the-demo-i-thought-it-was-kind-of-cheesy-but-he-just-knew-and-he-said-in-the-nicest-possible-way-its-this-way-or-the-highway-and-he-was-completely-right-mark-ronson-on-the-making-of-uptown-funk |archive-date=October 12, 2025 |access-date=March 2, 2026 |website=MusicRadar}}&lt;/ref&gt; Waƙar ta hau kan sigogi a kasashe da yawa, gami da Ostiraliya, Kanada da New Zealand.&lt;ref name=&quot;Intcharts&quot; /&gt; &quot;Uptown Funk&quot; ya kwashe makonni goma sha huɗu a saman ''Billboard'' Hot 100 da makonni bakwai a saman UK Singles Chart,   yana tasiri ga [[Shahararrun al'adu|al'adun gargajiya]].&lt;ref name=&quot;UKcharts&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gibsone |first=Harriet |date=December 9, 2014 |title=The Uptown Funk phenomenon: Cara, Cowell and the components of its success |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2014/dec/09/uptown-funk-phenomenon-cara-cowell-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406022549/https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2014/dec/09/uptown-funk-phenomenon-cara-cowell-success |archive-date=April 6, 2019 |access-date=April 28, 2019 |website=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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'''Chijioke Amu-Nnadi''' Chijioke Amu-Nnadi mawaƙi ne kuma marubuci ɗan Najeriya. Waƙoƙinsa na farko da aka buga sun fito a cikin kundin waƙoƙin sabuwar waƙar Najeriya da aka buga a shekarar 1987, Voices from the Fringe., wanda ya gyara [[Harry Garuba]] (Malthouse Press).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=interview with chijioke amu-nnadi |url=http://www.sentinelpoetry.org.uk/0206/interview.htm |access-date=25 February 2018 |publisher=Sentinelpoetry.org.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Amu-Nnadi shine marubucin ''wuta a cikin shekarar'' (2002),  wanda ya lashe kyautar farko ta shekarar 2002 Association of Nigerian Authors (ANA) [[Gabriel Okara]] don shayari, fasalin mahajjata shekarar (2004) da kuma ta taga na sandcastle, wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta shekarar 2013 ANA Poetry, da kuma kyautar Glenna Luschei ta farko don shayari na Afirka a cikin shekarar 2014.  Har ila yau, yana da sunansa da kuma ba da kyauta ga ''Tafiyar kogi''  da kuma filin murya,  dukansu an buga su a cikin shekarar 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A RIver's Journey by amu nnadi |url=https://amab.com.ng/index.php?route=product/product&amp;product_id=369 |website=AMAB Book Store |access-date=2026-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401134200/https://amab.com.ng/index.php?route=product/product&amp;product_id=369 |archive-date=2019-04-01 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Amu Nnadi ya rubuta waka ba tare da alamar rubutu da manyan haruffa ba kuma ya buga ba tare da wani bayanan sirri ba, hoto da suna. Yana zaune a Port Harcourt, Najeriya, kuma ana karɓar waƙoƙinsa sosai a Afirka da waje. An fassara wasu waƙoƙinsa zuwa Italiyanci, Mutanen Espanya da Rasha.

== Tarihin rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwa ta farko ===
An haifi Amu-Nnadi a cikin garin[[Benin]], babban birnin [[Edo|Jihar Edo]], kudancin Najeriya a shekarar 1962. Ya fito ne daga [[Enugu (city)|Enugu]]&quot; yankin ƙaramar hukumar Igbo Etiti na jihar Enugu, Najeriya. Kamar yadda ya yarda, waƙoƙi sun zo masa da wuri a rayuwarsa, don amsa ƙalubalen daga aboki. A matsayinsa na dalibi na shekara ta farko na Mass Communication a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka]], yana da damar raba aji ɗaya tare da wasu samari da ke son waka. Shi kadai ne wanda ba shi da lokacin waka kuma shi kadai ne wanda bai yi karatun adabi ba. A asirce, ya fara karanta shayari kuma ya kashe yawancin kuɗin aljihunsa a kowane irin littattafan adabi, musamman shayari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=31 December 2013 |title=Chijioke Amu-Nnadi: We have authorship, not authority, over what we write |url=https://www.africanwriter.com/chijioke-amu-nnadi-we-have-authorship-not-authority-over-what-we-write/ |website=AfricanWriter.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ilimi da aiki ===
Amu-Nnadi ya yi karatun Sadarwar Jama'a a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka]], inda ya sami kyaututtuka kamar Alumni Prize ga Mafi Kyawun Dalibi a Nazarin Gabaɗaya, Kyautar Sashen ga Mafi Kyawu Ɗalibi da ke Karatu da kuma Kyautar Daily Times ga Mafi Kyautar Ɗalibi a cikin Sadarwar Masanawa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Why I left Daily Times in 1992, by Amu-Nnadi |url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/2018/01/left-daily-times-1992-amu-nnadi/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826125116/https://newtelegraphonline.com/2018/01/left-daily-times-1992-amu-nnadi/ |archive-date=26 August 2018 |access-date=19 January 2018 |website=newtelegraphonline.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Amu-Nnadi ya fi rubuta waka. Ba ya son a kira shi mawaki na Najeriya ko na Afirka saboda, kamar yadda ya nace, babu wani abu da ya fi ƙasƙantar da fasaha kamar yadda za a yi ƙoƙari, daga matsanancin nuna bambanci na zamantakewa, girman kai na al'adu da / ko saukin hankali, don iyakance shi zuwa wani yanki, wuri, jinsi da lokaci. Art, ya ci gaba, ya fi dacewa da hakan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FRI-YAY Author Profile: Chijioke Amu-nnadi – Zinny's Blog |url=http://www.zinnychukwuka.com/2017/10/fri-yay-author-profile-chijioke-amu.html/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921132655/https://www.zinnychukwuka.com/2017/10/fri-yay-author-profile-chijioke-amu.html |archive-date=2020-09-21 |access-date=2018-02-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Amu-Nnadi tana jin daɗin soyayya mai ɗorewa tare da rubutu. Ya bayyana kansa a matsayin mai son soyayya da abubuwa. Ya nace kan rubuta waka ba tare da manyan haruffa da cikakkun tsayawa ba, yana bayyana cewa waka rayuwa ce kanta kuma ruhun Allah ne da ke aiki ta hanyar bil'adama don fadada halitta, da kuma wadatar da rayuwa. Kamar yadda ya ce: &quot;rayuwa ba ta da matsala na commas da yawa amma babu tsayawa. Waƙoƙi sun fi mutum girma a duk ƙididdiga&quot;.Wannan yana nuna aikin aikin waka. A cikin nasa kalmomi: &quot;Rayuwa jirgin ƙasa ne na motsin rai da motsin rai wanda ba za a iya karyawa ba kuma ba za a sarrafa shi ba.

Amu-Nnadi kuma ya buga ba tare da bayanan kansa ba saboda ya yi imanin cewa mutum ba zai iya mallakar abin da ya rubuta ba. Babu wani abu da ya fi girman kai da kuma inganta kansa, in ji shi.

Amu-Nnadi kuma ƙwararren ƙwararren ɗan jarida ne. A halin yanzu shi darakta ne a Hukumar Raya Neja Delta,  Port Harcourt, wata hukuma a cikin shugabancin da ke sauƙaƙe ci gaban ci gaba mai ɗorewa na yankin jihar Neja Delta na Najeriya. Ya yi aure sannan kuma yana da 'ya'ya uku.

== Hanyar da ake amfani da ita ==
Waƙoƙin Amu Nnadi sun ƙunshi hotuna masu ƙarfi da misalai. An haifi salon sa ne daga zurfin ƙaunar da yake da ita ga harshe, da kuma sha'awarsa ga soyayya da wurare, da kuma wahayi da aka haifa daga baƙin ciki na tunawa game da rayuwa kamar yadda mawaki ke fuskanta. Babban sha'awarsa a cikin shayensa shine soyayya, saduwa da wurare da mutane, al'adu da abubuwan tunawa. A cikin waƙoƙin Amu Nnadi, ana iya bincika kowane ɗayan waɗannan abubuwan ta hanyar kwatancin soyayya, kuma ana iya bayyana soyayya ta amfani da hotuna na abubuwa. Daga waƙoƙin Amu Nnadi, marubucin, Michael Chiedoziem Chukwudera ya rubuta:&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Yawancin waƙoƙinsa, alal misali, iyaka kan soyayya da baƙin ciki, a cikin ƙuƙwalwar haɗuwa da kansa, wasu mutane da yanayi. Wadannan haɗuwa da kansu an saka su cikin hanyar rayuwar mai zane. Ya rubuta waƙoƙin soyayya a matsayin kwatanci na haɗuwa da shi, a matsayin furcin jin daɗin da ya fi motsa gidan kayan gargajiya, da kuma na sauran baƙin ciki da duk masoya suka sani. &quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Review |first=The Kalahari |date=2020-05-21 |title=An Encounter with Amu Nnadi's Poetry and Philosophy |url=https://kalaharireview.com/an-encounter-with-amu-nnadis-poetry-and-philosophy-e9ed68aceb21 |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=Medium |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

== Ayyuka ==

* ''wuta a ciki'' (waƙoƙi) - 2002
** Ya lashe kyautar ANA Gabriel Okara don waka. 
* ''Hanyar mahajjata'' (waƙoƙi) - 2005
** An ƙaddamar da shi don 2005 NLNG NIGERIA PRIZE don LITERATURE 
* ''ta hanyar taga na sandcastle'' (waƙoƙi) - 2013
** Wanda ya zo na biyu a 2013 NLNG Nigeria Prize for Literature
** Wanda ya lashe kyautar waka ta ANA 2013
** Wanda ya lashe kyautar Glenna Luschei ta 2014 don Waƙoƙin AfirkaKyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka
* ihejuruonu (tarin waƙoƙin baƙin ciki) - 2014
* ''Tafiyar kogi'' (waƙoƙi) - 2016
* ''wani filin echoes'' (waƙoƙi) - 2016
* ''waƙoƙin soyayya'' (waƙoƙi) - 2021

A halin yanzu yana aiki a kan tarin shayari mai taken &quot;eucalyptus,&quot; wanda za a saki a cikin shekarar 2022, da kuma kundin kiɗa mai taken komai kyakkyawa, wanda zai ƙunshi waƙoƙi bisa ga waƙoƙin daga waƙoƙinsa na soyayya, tarin da ya buga a baya (ta hanyar taga na sandcastle, tafiyar kogi, filin echoes), da kuma eucalyptum da ba a buga ba.

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Hanyoyin Haɗin waje ==

* Yada bisharar waka a Amurka [http://thenationonlineng.net/spreading-the-gospel-of-poetry-in-us/]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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    <title>Diego Odoh Okenyodo</title>
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'''Odoh Diego Okenyodo''' (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Disambar shekarar, 1974) marubuci ne na ƙasar Najeriya, ɗan jarida, ƙwararren masaniyar sadarwa ta ci gaba, masanin dabarun kafofin watsa labarai, mawaƙi, kuma ɗan kasuwa na kafofin watsa labarai. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma babban jami'in zartarwa na Akweya TV Limited, ƙungiyar kafofin watsa labarai mai shiga tsakani da ke mai da hankali kan inganta harshe da tattaunawar al'umma, da Isu Media Ltd, kamfanin ba da shawara kan hulɗa da jama'a da sadarwa wanda ke da hedikwata a Abuja, Najeriya. Okenyodo na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar 'yan rubutun Kaduna kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Splendors Of Dawn Poetry Foundation . Tare da Farfesa [[Nduka Otiono]], ya haɗa kai da ''Camouflage: Mafi kyawun Rubuce-rubucen Zamani daga Najeriya'', tarihin marubutan Najeriya na zamani. Littafin ya haɗa da ayyukan shahararrun Marubutan Najeriya na zamani kamar [[Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]] da [[Helon Habila]] .

== Tarihin rayuwa ==

=== Rayuwa ta farko ===
An haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Disambar shekarar 1974 a asibitin St. Theresa, Otukpo, dake Jihar Benue, ƙasar Najeriya, Okenyodo ya halarci [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] (ABU) Zaria inda ya jagoranci ƙungiyar adabi da aka sani da Creative Writers' Club. A sakamakon ayyukansa a kulob ɗin, gwamnatin soja ta Manjo Janar [[Mamman Kontagora]], mai kula da soja wanda aka sanya shi a cikin ma'aikatar a cikin shekarar 1995 bayan rikici a jami'ar.

An sake dawo da Okenyodo a shekara ta 2001, bayan shekaru uku yana yaƙi da hukumomin jami'a a kotu da kuma ɓangarori daban-daban, gami da sanannen &quot;Oputa Panel&quot;. A lokacin da yake waje da jami'a, ya rayu a kan rubuce-rubucensa da ayyukan wallafe-wallafen.

=== Ayyuka ===
A cikin watan Satumbar shekarar 1999, Weekly Trust ta sanya shi a matsayin mai ba da labari mai zaman kansa, wanda ya nuna farkon aikin jarida na dogon lokaci. Tun da farko a ABU Zaria, Okenyodo ya ba da gudummawa kuma ya shirya wasu mujallu na harabar.

A ranar 23 ga watan Yunin shekarar 2001, Okenyodo, yana aiki tare da abokanan aikinsa irin su: Sumaila Umaisha, Aba Ejembi, Jerome Ajayi - ya kafa ƙungiyar marubuta ta Kaduna. Har ila yau, ya riƙe shugaban ƙungiyar marubuta ta Kaduna daga farkon zuwa shekara ta 2006, Okenyodo ya jagoranci ƙungiyar edita ta ''Bayan dokar hana fita'', wani tarihin rubuce-rubuce masu ƙirƙira da aka samo daga tarin shekaru biyar na ƙungiyar na wata sanarwa ta mako-mako da aka sani da Crocodile.

An zaɓe shi Sakataren yaɗa labarai na ƙasa na ƙungiyar marubutan Najeriya (ANA) a cikin watan Nuwambar shekara ta 2003, yana aiki har zuwa watan Nuwamba shekarar 2007. A cikin watan Disamba na shekara ta 2010, an naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin shirya taron cika shekaru 30 na ƙungiyar da aka shirya a birnin Abuja a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2011. Okenyodo memba ne na ''Cibiyar Harkokin Jama'a ta Najeriya (NIPR) '', Abuja, tana aiki a kwamitin tallace-tallace da hulɗar jama'a.

A shekara ta 2006, Odoh Diego Okenyodo ya koma daga Kaduna don yin aiki tare da Alliance for Credible Elections na Abuja a matsayin mai kula da kafofin watsa labarai. Daga ƙawancen ƙungiyoyin farar hula, ya yi aiki tare da Cibiyar Dimokuradiyya da Ci gaba (CDD) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--&gt; |title=Welcome |url=http://www.cddwestafrica.org |access-date=23 December 2013 |website=cddwestafrica.org |publisher=Centre for Democracy Development}}&lt;/ref&gt; a matsayin babban jami'in shirin da ke da alhakin sadarwa ta ƙungiyar.

A watan Janairun shekara ta 2009, don neman kwarewar kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, ya koma CMC Connect Burson-Marsteller (Manufar Manajoji) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--&gt; |title=CMC Connect |url=http://www.cmcconnect.com |access-date=23 December 2013 |website=cmcconnect.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; don jagorantar ofishin harkokin jama'a na kamfanin sadarwa na talla da ke Abuja. Yanzu shi ne manajan darektan Isu Media Ltd, kamfanin hulɗa da jama'a da ke Abuja.

Odoh ya kasance wani ɓangare na shirin koyar da wallafe-wallafen Masana'antar Burtaniya / Jami'ar Lancaster a cikin shekarar 2005 da kuma InWent's Measuring Democracy, Governance and Human Rights course a Namibia (2008). Ya yi aiki a kan marubuci mai zaman kansa don BBC World Service Trust, ActionAid, Coalitions for Change, Cibiyar Demokradiyya da Ci gaba, Cibiyar Gudanar da Shari'a ta Jama'a, da sauransu.

== Ayyuka ==
Littafin waƙoƙinsa, mai taken A Poem to its Creator, an sake shi a watan Maris na shekara ta 2009 ta hanyar Hybun Publications International zuwa babban yabo. &quot;Za a iya bayyana binciken waka na Okeniodo a matsayin mai ban sha'awa yayin da yake amfani da shayari don yin tsokaci na zamantakewa, gargadi da bayyana shayari da kansa, &quot;wani mai sukar ya ce game da tarin. Wani ya ce: &quot;Ta hanyar waƙoƙin Okenyodo, an buga ku a wurin&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Akunyili |first=Tochukwu |date=19 June 2009 |title=From a Poem to its Creator… Meeting Okenyodo |url=http://www.africanwriter.com/from-a-poem-to-its-creator-meeting-okenyodo/ |access-date=23 December 2013 |website=africanwriter.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kyaututtuka da Daraja ==

* An sanya ''Waƙar ga Mahaliccinsa'' a cikin jerin sunayen US $ 50,000 The Nigeria Prize for Literature a cikin 2009.
* A watan Fabrairun 2021, an ba Okenyodo lambar yabo saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga gudanar da fasaha a Najeriya a lokacin bikin shekara-shekara na Hadiza Ibrahim Aliyu Schools Festival [https://web.archive.org/web/20210116004235/https://hiasfest.org.ng/wordpress/] An adana shi 2021-01-16 a  wanda Hill-Top Creative Arts Foundation ta shirya, a birnin Minna, [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]], Najeriya.

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Yan jaridar Najeriya]]
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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      <comment>/* Yahaya Goni Bukar */ sabon sashe</comment>
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Yahaya Goni Bukar! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Yahaya Goni Bukar|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)

== Yahaya Goni Bukar ==
🏛️ COMR. YAHAYA GONI BUKAR
A Young Voice for Positive Change
My name is Comr. Yahaya Goni Bukar, a proud son of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. I am passionate about leadership, politics, youth empowerment, and community development.
I believe that the future of our society depends on the commitment, unity, and active participation of young people. My vision is to inspire the younger generation, promote positive change, and contribute to building a better future for our community and our great nation, Nigeria.
I believe that true leadership is about service, responsibility, integrity, and making a positive difference in the lives of others.
My mission is to inspire, empower, and contribute to a brighter future for all.
Together, we can build a better society.
Comr. Yahaya Goni Bukar
Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. 🇳🇬 [[Musamman:Contributions/~2026-56057-08|~2026-56057-08]] ([[Tattaunawar user:~2026-56057-08|talk]]) 18:01, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
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{{Infobox person
| name          = Amina Habu Chiroma
| occupation    = Malamar jami'a, mai bincike
| employer      = [[Jami'ar Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]]
| field         = Architecture
}}

'''Amina Habu Chiroma''' malamar jami'a ce kuma mai bincike a Najeriya. Tana aiki a Sashen Architecture na Faculty of Environmental Technology a [[Jami'ar Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]] (ATBU), da ke Bauchi, inda take matsayin Lecturer I.&lt;ref name=&quot;ATBU&quot;&gt;{{Cite web
|title=Employee Public Profile: Amina Habu Chiroma
|website=Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University
|url=https://hrms.atbu.edu.ng/employees/public_profile/335
|access-date=19 Oktoba 2026
}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta shiga binciken da ya shafi gine-gine, amfani da wurare da kuma yadda al'adu ke tasiri kan tsara gine-gine a Arewacin Najeriya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Abattoir&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal
|last1=Chiroma
|first1=Habu Amina
|last2=Hussaini
|first2=Udale Ibrahim
|last3=Isa
|first3=A. Abdul
|last4=Umar
|first4=Aminu
|last5=Agwu
|first5=Kelechi Destiny
|last6=Okonkwo
|first6=Moses Madubueze
|title=Towards an Inquiry into Impedances to Harmonious Inclusion of Traditional Abattoir Requirements into Modern Abattoir Architecture in Northern Nigeria: A Complex Cultural Context
|journal=International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science
|volume=9
|issue=11
|pages=7556–7565
|date=2025
|doi=10.47772/IJRISS.2025.91100586
|url=https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/view/towards-an-inquiry-into-impedances-to-harmonious-inclusion-of-traditional-abattoir-requirements-into-modern-abattoir-architecture-in-northern-nigeria-a-complex-cultural-context
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aiki ==
Bayanan ma'aikatan ATBU sun nuna cewa Chiroma tana aiki a Faculty of Environmental Technology, a Sashen Architecture, a matsayin Lecturer I.&lt;ref name=&quot;ATBU&quot;/&gt; Sashen yana cikin jami'ar da ke Bauchi, Najeriya.

== Bincike da wallafe-wallafe ==
Chiroma ta kasance cikin marubutan wani bincike na shekarar dubu biyu da ashirin da biyar 2025 mai taken ''Towards an Inquiry into Impedances to Harmonious Inclusion of Traditional Abattoir Requirements into Modern Abattoir Architecture in Northern Nigeria: A Complex Cultural Context''. Binciken ya tattauna matsalolin haɗa buƙatun al'adu da hanyoyin gargajiya da ƙa'idojin gine-ginen mayanka na zamani a Arewacin Najeriya. Ya kuma duba abubuwan da suka shafi lafiya, muhalli, al'adu da kayayyakin more rayuwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Abattoir&quot;/&gt;

A shekarar 2025, ta kuma kasance cikin marubutan bincike kan fahimtar masu yawon buɗe ido game da Unity Park, Ngwo Pine Forest da Ngwo Cave a Jihar Enugu. Binciken ya yi nazari kan yadda baƙi ke kallon waɗannan wurare, tare da la'akari da kyawun muhalli, sauƙin isa gare su, tsaro da wadatar kayayyakin more rayuwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Tourism&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal
|last1=Agwu
|first1=Kelechi Destiny
|last2=Okonkwo
|first2=Moses Madubueze
|last3=Oraefo
|first3=Onyeka
|last4=Okpala
|first4=Kelechi John
|last5=Chiroma
|first5=Habu Amina
|last6=Nwabuko
|first6=Sylvia Oluchukwu
|title=Tourist Perception of the Unity Park Enugu &amp; the Ngwo Pine Forest and Cave
|journal=International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science
|volume=9
|issue=3
|pages=2539–2557
|date=2025
|url=https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/articles/tourist-perception-of-the-unity-park-enugu-the-ngwo-pine-forest-and-cave/
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jami'ar Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]]
* [[Gine-gine]]
* [[Bauchi]]

[[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]]
[[Rukuni:Malaman jami'a na Najeriya]]
[[Rukuni:Masu bincike a Najeriya]]
[[Rukuni:Ma'aikatan Jami'ar Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sithathor</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368490066|Sithathor]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Hiero|Sithathor|&lt;hiero&gt;O10-G39:X1&lt;/hiero&gt;|align=left|era=mk}}
[[File:Pectoral_of_Princess_Sithathor_2023.jpg|right|thumb|Bayani na kusa da kyawawan ƙirjin Sithathor]]
[[File:Pectoral_of_Sithathor.jpg|thumb|Sithathor ta kirji dauke da sunan Senusret II[[Senusret na II]]]]
'''Sithathor''' (''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'yar Hathor'') yar gimbiya ce ta Masar ta dā tare da ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yar sarki''. An san ta ne kawai daga jana'izarta a [[Dahshur]] . 

Kusa da dala na sarki Senusret III an sami tashoshi karkashin kasa a matsayin wurin binne mata na sarauta. Yawancin kaburbura an same su da fashi, amma akwai akwatuna biyu don kayan ado waɗanda 'yan fashi na kabarin suka yi watsi da su. Dukkanin akwatunan suna dauke da tarin kayan ado. An kira su dukiya ''na farko'' da ta biyu ta Dahshur. 

An gano dukiyar farko a ranar 6 ga Maris 1894 kuma mai yiwuwa ya kasance sau ɗaya ga Sithathor.&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60&lt;/ref&gt; An sami wani scarab tare da sunanta.&lt;ref&gt;[https://pnm.uni-mainz.de/inscription/14390 Cairo JE 30873 on Persons and Names]; de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 62, fig. 133&lt;/ref&gt; Dukiyar ta ƙunshi kirji tare da sunayen sarki Senusret II, ɗaya daga cikin manyan kayan aikin zinariya na Masar. Sauran abubuwa sun kasance harsashi na zinariya, mundaye na zinariya. A cikin kaburbura biyu ne kawai suka rubuta sarcophagi, don haka ba a tabbatar da cewa dukiyar ta kasance ga wani binnewa ba. Wataƙila an binne Sithahtor a Kabari 9, wato kusa da wurin da aka sami dukiyar. An gano kaburbura kaɗan ne kawai a can. Wadannan sun hada da sarcophagus, akwatin canopic, beads da ɓangarorin flails (''bulala ta bikinceremonial''  ''worship)'',&lt;ref&gt;Arnold: ''The Pyramid Complex of Senwosret III at Dahshur, Architectural Studies'', p. 70, 73, 123-124&lt;/ref&gt;, 

Ba a san Sithathor da tabbaci a waje da kabarinta ba. Wataƙila 'yar Senusret III ce, ko kuma mai yiwuwa ita 'yar Senurret II ce kuma an binne ta (((((((Sithathor is not known for sure outside her tomb. She was perhaps a daughter of Senusret III, or more likely she was the daughter of Senusret II and buried as a sister of king Senusret III next to Senusret III's pyramid complex. The other jewellery box belonged to a ''king's daughter'' with the name [[:en:Mereret_(12th_Dynasty)|Merere]])))))))a matsayin 'yar'uwar sarki Senusret II kusa da ginin dala na Senusret na III. Sauran akwatin kayan ado na ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yar sarki'' ce mai suna Mereret ko Meret.

== Abubuwan da aka samu ==

* Pectoral tare da sunan sarki Senusret II&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 2, plates XV, XVI&lt;/ref&gt;
* Yankin ƙarshe guda biyu na wani armelt tare da ginshiƙi na djed&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 2, plates XV, XVI&lt;/ref&gt; 
* ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa tare da siffar ƙuƙwasawa&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 3, plates XV, XVI&lt;/ref&gt;
* ɗaure tare da ibn, netjer biyu da alamar hetep.&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 4, plates XV, XVI&lt;/ref&gt;
* kwalba shida na zinariya&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 5, plates XVII&lt;/ref&gt;
* kwalba ta zinariya&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 6, plates XVII&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ƙananan kwalba na zinariya guda talatin da ɗaya
* mundaye biyu da suka kunshi beads da yawa na kayan daban-daban da takwas masu tsawo, rectangualr karfe plaques.
* mundaye biyu masu sauki da aka yi da takardar zinariya 
* ƙananan zaki guda shida 

== Littattafai ==

* Jacques Jean Marie de Morgan: Fashewa a Dahchour, Maris-Yuni 1894, Wien 1895, shafi na 60-64 (online) &amp;nbsp;
* Dieter Arnold: The Pyramid Complex of Senwosret III a Dahshur, Nazarin Gine-gine, New York 2002, shafi na 70  &amp;nbsp;{{ISBN|0-87099-956-7}}

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
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        <id>48956</id>
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{{Hiero|Sithathor|&lt;hiero&gt;O10-G39:X1&lt;/hiero&gt;|align=left|era=mk}}
[[File:Pectoral_of_Princess_Sithathor_2023.jpg|right|thumb|Bayani na kusa da kyawawan ƙirjin Sithathor]]
[[File:Pectoral_of_Sithathor.jpg|thumb|Sithathor ta kirji dauke da sunan Senusret II[[Senusret na II]]]]
'''Sithathor''' (''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'yar Hathor'') yar gimbiya ce ta Masar ta dā tare da ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yar sarki''. An san ta ne kawai daga jana'izarta a [[Dahshur]] . 

Kusa da dala na sarki Senusret III an sami tashoshi karkashin kasa a matsayin wurin binne mata na sarauta. Yawancin kaburbura an same su da fashi, amma akwai akwatuna biyu don kayan ado waɗanda 'yan fashi na kabarin suka yi watsi da su. Dukkanin akwatunan suna dauke da tarin kayan ado. An kira su dukiya ''na farko'' da ta biyu ta Dahshur. 

An gano dukiyar farko a ranar 6 ga Maris 1894 kuma mai yiwuwa ya kasance sau ɗaya ga Sithathor.&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60&lt;/ref&gt; An sami wani scarab tare da sunanta.&lt;ref&gt;[https://pnm.uni-mainz.de/inscription/14390 Cairo JE 30873 on Persons and Names]; de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 62, fig. 133&lt;/ref&gt; Dukiyar ta ƙunshi kirji tare da sunayen sarki Senusret II, ɗaya daga cikin manyan kayan aikin zinariya na Masar. Sauran abubuwa sun kasance harsashi na zinariya, mundaye na zinariya. A cikin kaburbura biyu ne kawai suka rubuta sarcophagi, don haka ba a tabbatar da cewa dukiyar ta kasance ga wani binnewa ba. Wataƙila an binne Sithahtor a Kabari 9, wato kusa da wurin da aka sami dukiyar. An gano kaburbura kaɗan ne kawai a can. Wadannan sun hada da sarcophagus, akwatin canopic, beads da ɓangarorin flails (''bulala ta bikinceremonial''  ''worship)'',&lt;ref&gt;Arnold: ''The Pyramid Complex of Senwosret III at Dahshur, Architectural Studies'', p. 70, 73, 123-124&lt;/ref&gt;, 

Ba a san Sithathor da tabbaci a waje da kabarinta ba. Wataƙila 'yar Senusret III ce, ko kuma mai yiwuwa ita 'yar Senurret II ce kuma an binne ta a matsayin 'yar'uwar sarki Senusret II kusa da ginin dala na Senusret na III. Sauran akwatin kayan ado na ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yar sarki'' ce mai suna Mereret ko Meret.

== Abubuwan da aka samu ==

* Pectoral tare da sunan sarki Senusret II&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 2, plates XV, XVI&lt;/ref&gt;
* Yankin ƙarshe guda biyu na wani armelt tare da ginshiƙi na djed&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 2, plates XV, XVI&lt;/ref&gt; 
* ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa tare da siffar ƙuƙwasawa&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 3, plates XV, XVI&lt;/ref&gt;
* ɗaure tare da ibn, netjer biyu da alamar hetep.&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 4, plates XV, XVI&lt;/ref&gt;
* kwalba shida na zinariya&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 5, plates XVII&lt;/ref&gt;
* kwalba ta zinariya&lt;ref&gt;de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Juin 1894'', p. 60, no. 6, plates XVII&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ƙananan kwalba na zinariya guda talatin da ɗaya
* mundaye biyu da suka kunshi beads da yawa na kayan daban-daban da takwas masu tsawo, rectangualr karfe plaques.
* mundaye biyu masu sauki da aka yi da takardar zinariya 
* ƙananan zaki guda shida 

== Littattafai ==

* Jacques Jean Marie de Morgan: Fashewa a Dahchour, Maris-Yuni 1894, Wien 1895, shafi na 60-64 (online) &amp;nbsp;
* Dieter Arnold: The Pyramid Complex of Senwosret III a Dahshur, Nazarin Gine-gine, New York 2002, shafi na 70  &amp;nbsp;{{ISBN|0-87099-956-7}}

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
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    <title>Mereret (12th Dynasty)</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369022863|Mereret (12th Dynasty)]]&quot;</comment>
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[[File:Pectoral_of_Senusret_III.jpg|thumb|Pectoral na Senusret III daga akwatin kayan ado na Mereret]]
[[File:Pectoral_of_Amenemhat_III_by_Bruce_Allardice.jpg|thumb|Pectoral na Amenemhet III daga akwatin kayan ado na Mereret]]
'''Mereret''' (ko '''Meret''') 'yar Sarkin Masar ce ta dā da aka sani daga jana'izarta kusa da Pyramid na Fir'auna Senusret III (ya yi mulki game da 1878 BC zuwa 1839 BC) a [[Dahshur]] . A gefen arewacin dala na sarki akwai jere na pyramids huɗu na matan sarki. Wadannan pyramids an haɗa su da tashar karkashin kasa. A gefen yammacin tashar an shirya karin jana'iza ga mata tare da ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yar sarki''. An binne su a cikin sarcophagi waɗanda aka sanya su a cikin niches. An gano duk kaburbura an sace su. Koyaya, 'yan fashi sun rasa akwatuna biyu don kayan ado wanda ke ƙunshe da tarin kayan ado cike da kayan ado na sirri da Jacques de Morgan ya samo a shekara ta 1894. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan akwatunan dole ne ya kasance na ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yar sarki'' Sithathor, ɗayan akwatin na' ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yar sarki'' mai suna Mereret ko Meret.

Ba a san wani abu da yawa game da Mereret ba. Sunan ta, tare da rubutun daban-daban, ya bayyana a kan hatimi da yawa da aka samu a cikin akwatin kayan ado. A nan, koyaushe tana ɗauke da taken King's Daughter((((((((((Not much else is known about Mereret. Her name, with different spellings, appears on several scarab seals found in the jewellery box. Here, she always bears the title ''King's Daughter''. From the position of her burial it might be concluded that she was the daughter of King Senusret III. Among her personal adornments were also pieces with the name of King [[:en:Amenemhet_III|Amenemhet III]],&lt;ref&gt;Diana Craig Patch: ''Excursus: Concerning Middle Kingdom Pectorals'', in: in: A. Oppenheim, d. Arnold, D. Arnold, Kei Yamamoto (editors): ''Ancient Egypt Transformed, The Middle Kingdom'', New York 2015 {{ISBN|978-1-58839-564-1}}, 112-114&lt;/ref&gt; indicating that she might have died under that king (who was most likely)))))) . Daga matsayin jana'izarta ana iya kammala cewa ita 'yar Sarki Senusret III ce. Daga cikin kayan ado na kansa akwai kuma ɓangarori tare da sunan Sarki Amenemhet III, &lt;ref&gt;Diana Craig Patch: ''Excursus: Concerning Middle Kingdom Pectorals'', in: in: A. Oppenheim, d. Arnold, D. Arnold, Kei Yamamoto (editors): ''Ancient Egypt Transformed, The Middle Kingdom'', New York 2015 {{ISBN|978-1-58839-564-1}}, 112-114&lt;/ref&gt; yana nuna cewa tana iya mutuwa a ƙarƙashin wannan sarki (wanda mai yiwuwa ɗan'uwanta ne).

== Gidan wasan kwaikwayo ==
 

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
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[[File:Pectoral_of_Senusret_III.jpg|thumb|Pectoral na Senusret III daga akwatin kayan ado na Mereret]]
[[File:Pectoral_of_Amenemhat_III_by_Bruce_Allardice.jpg|thumb|Pectoral na Amenemhet III daga akwatin kayan ado na Mereret]]
'''Mereret''' (ko '''Meret''') 'yar Sarkin Masar ce ta dā da aka sani daga jana'izarta kusa da Pyramid na Fir'auna Senusret III (ya yi mulki game da 1878 BC zuwa 1839 BC) a [[Dahshur]] . A gefen arewacin dala na sarki akwai jere na pyramids huɗu na matan sarki. Wadannan pyramids an haɗa su da tashar karkashin kasa. A gefen yammacin tashar an shirya karin jana'iza ga mata tare da ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yar sarki''. An binne su a cikin sarcophagi waɗanda aka sanya su a cikin niches. An gano duk kaburbura an sace su. Koyaya, 'yan fashi sun rasa akwatuna biyu don kayan ado wanda ke ƙunshe da tarin kayan ado cike da kayan ado na sirri da Jacques de Morgan ya samo a shekara ta 1894. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan akwatunan dole ne ya kasance na ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yar sarki'' Sithathor, ɗayan akwatin na' ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Yar sarki'' mai suna Mereret ko Meret.

Ba a san wani abu da yawa game da Mereret ba. Sunan ta, tare da rubutun daban-daban, ya bayyana a kan hatimi da yawa da aka samu a cikin akwatin kayan ado. A nan, koyaushe tana ɗauke da taken King's Daughter .Daga matsayin jana'izarta ana iya kammala cewa ita 'yar Sarki Senusret III ce. Daga cikin kayan ado na kansa akwai kuma ɓangarori tare da sunan Sarki Amenemhet III, &lt;ref&gt;Diana Craig Patch: ''Excursus: Concerning Middle Kingdom Pectorals'', in: in: A. Oppenheim, d. Arnold, D. Arnold, Kei Yamamoto (editors): ''Ancient Egypt Transformed, The Middle Kingdom'', New York 2015 {{ISBN|978-1-58839-564-1}}, 112-114&lt;/ref&gt; yana nuna cewa tana iya mutuwa a ƙarƙashin wannan sarki (wanda mai yiwuwa ɗan'uwanta ne).

== Gidan wasan kwaikwayo ==
 

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
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    <title>Ba tare da</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1379776820|Thout]]&quot;</comment>
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! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above&quot; style=&quot;background: #ccf; color:inherit;&quot; |Ba tare da
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Sunan asali
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Coptic:&lt;span lang=&quot;cop&quot;&gt;Sanya&lt;/span&gt;
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kalandar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[Coptic calendar|Kalandar Coptic]]
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Lambar wata
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |1
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yawan kwanaki
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |30
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[Gregorian calendar|Daidai da Gregorian]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Satumba-Oktoba
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-below&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;width:100%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;noprint&quot; style=&quot;float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x2190;&amp;nbsp;[[Mesori]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;noprint&quot; style=&quot;float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;&quot;&gt;[[Paopi]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;#x2192;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|}
 
Thout (Coptic),  aka fi sani da '''Thoth''' (Girkanci na dā: , ''Thōth'') da '''Tut'''  (Arabic), shine watan farko na kalandar Masar da Coptic na dā. Yana tsakanin 11 ga Satumba da 10 ga Oktoba na Kalandar Gregorian. 

Watan Thout kuma shine watan farko na Lokacin &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwIA&quot;&gt;Akhet&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Ruwa)  a tsohuwar [[Misra|Misira]], lokacin da ambaliyar Nilu ta rufe ƙasar Misira a tarihi; ba ta yi haka ba tun lokacin da aka gina Babban Dam a [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]].

== Sunan ==
Sunan watan ya fito ne daga Thoth, Allahn Masar na Tsohon Hikima da Kimiyya, mai kirkirar rubutu, mai kula da marubuta, da kuma &quot;wanda ke nuna yanayi, watanni, da shekaru&quot;.Thoth ya(((((((The name of the month comes from [[:en:Thoth|Thoth]], the Ancient Egyptian God of Wisdom and Science, inventor of writing, patron of scribes, and &quot;he who designates the seasons, months, and years.&quot; Thoth presided over the &quot;House of Life&quot;, which composed and copied all texts necessary for the))))))) jagoranci &quot;House of Life&quot;, wanda ya hada kuma ya kwafe duk matani da ake bukata don kiyayewa da sake cika rayuwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=توت {{!}} شهر توت: شهر قبطي 1 {{!}} فهرس الأعياد القبطية - كتاب سنكسار الكنيسة القبطية الأرثوذكسية |url=https://st-takla.org/Full-Free-Coptic-Books/Synaxarium-or-Synaxarion/El-Seneksar-or-Sanaksar-01-Tout.html |access-date=2026-03-30 |website=St-Takla.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Coptic Calendar - The Coptic Church - Coptic Orthodox |url=https://www.suscopts.org/ |access-date=2026-03-30 |website=Coptic Orthodox Metropolis of the Southern United States |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Synaxarium na Coptic na watan Thout ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! style=&quot;width:5%;&quot; |Yaren mutanen Coptic
! style=&quot;width:5%;&quot; |Julian
! style=&quot;width:5%;&quot; |Gregorian
! style=&quot;width:50%;&quot; |Bikin tunawa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tout 1 : Lives of Saints : Synaxarium |url=https://www.copticchurch.net/synaxarium/1_1.html?lang=en#1 |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=CopticChurch.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=st-takla.org |url=https://st-takla.org/zJ/index.php/index.php?option=com_katamaros&amp;view=synaxarium-english&amp;dbl=en |access-date=2022-11-01 |website=St-Takla.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 1 ba
|29 ga watan Agusta
|Satumba 11
|
* Farawar Sabuwar Shekara ta Coptic (Bikin El-Nayrouz).
* Shahadar St. Bartholomew Manzo.
* Fitowar St. Avilius, Paparoma na 3 na Iskandariya.
* Fitowar Paparoma Mark V, Paparoma na 98 na Iskandariya
* Warkar da Ayyuka
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 2 ba
|30 ga watan Agusta
|Satumba 12
|
* Shahadar St. John the Baptist .
* Shahadar St. Dasya Soja.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 3 ba
|31 ga watan Agusta
|Satumba 13
|
* Taron majalisa mai tsarki a [[Alexandria|Iskandariya]] a karkashin St. Dionysius, Paparoma na 14 na Iskandariya, a cikin 243 AD.
* Babban girgizar ƙasa a [[Kairo|Alkahira]] da yawancin biranen Masar a shekara ta 1112 AD.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 4 ba
|Satumba 1
|Satumba 14
|
* Fitowar St. Verena.
* Fitowar St. Macarius II, Paparoma na 69 na Iskandariya.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 5 ba
|Satumba 2
|Satumba 15
|
* Shahadar St. Sophia
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 6 ba
|Satumba 3
|Satumba 16
|
* Fitowar [[Annabi Ishaq|Ishaya]], Annabi.
* Shahadar St. Basilissa
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 7 ba
|Satumba 4
|Satumba 17
|
* Fitowar St. Dioscorus, Paparoma na 25 na Iskandariya.
* Fitowar [[Jableh|Gabala]]&quot; id=&quot;mwkw&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Severian of Gabala&quot;&gt;St. Severian, bishop na Gabala a Siriya
* Shahadar St. Rebecca da 'ya'yanta Saints Agathon, Peter, John, Amun, &amp; Amuna
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 8 ba
|Satumba 5
|Satumba 18
|
* Tafiyar [[Musa]], Annabi.
* Shahadar Zakariya, Firist.
* Shahadar St. Diomedes (Dimides).
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 9 ba
|Satumba 6
|Satumba 19
|
* Shahadar St. Pisora, Bishop na Masil
* Mu'ujiza ta Colossae a Frigia
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 10 ba
|Satumba 7
|Satumba 20
|
* Shahadar St. Matruna
* Tunawa da St. Basin da 'ya'yanta
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 11 ba
|Satumba 8
|Satumba 21
|
* Shahadar St. Basilides (Wasilides) Minista.
* Tunawa da Korniliyus Centurion.
* Fitowar St. Theodora.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 12 ba
|Satumba 9
|Satumba 22
|
* Tunawa da Mika'ilu, Babban Mala'ika.
* Taron Majalisar Ikilisiya ta Uku a Afisa a shekara ta 431 AD.
* Canja wurin kayan tarihi na St. Clemus (Aklimos) da sahabbansa
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 13 ba
|Satumba 10
|Satumba 23
|
* Fitowar Paparoma Matiyu II, Paparoma na 90 na Iskandariya.
* Tunawa da mu'ujizar da St. Basil the Great, Bishop na Kaisariya, Cappadocia ya yi.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 14 ba
|Satumba 11
|Satumba 24
|
* Fitowar St. Agathon the Stylite
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 15 ba
|Satumba 12
|Satumba 25
|
* Canja wurin jikin St. Stephen, Archdeacon.
* Tunawa da St. Leontius na Siriya
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 16 ba
|Satumba 13
|26 ga Satumba
|
* Tsarkakewa na Ikilisiyar Tashin Matattu (Mai Tsarki Kabari).
* Canja wurin kayan tarihi na St. John Chrysostom.
* Fitowar Hegumen Yakoub Saleeb Al-Masoodi
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 17 ba
|Satumba 14
|Satumba 27
|
* Bayyanar Gicciye Mai Tsarki
* Fitowar St. Theognosta
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 18 ba
|Satumba 15
|Satumba 28
|
* Ranar Biyu ta Bikin Gicciye Mai Tsarki
* Shahadar St. Porphyrius (Prophorius).
* Shahadar St. Stephen the Priest &amp; St. Niceta (Niketa) 
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 19 ba
|Satumba 16
|Satumba 29
|
* Rana ta uku ta Bikin Gicciye Mai Tsarki
* Tunawa da St. Gregory the Illuminator, Shugaban Armenia.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 20 ba
|Satumba 17
|Satumba 30
|
* Fitowar St. Athanasius II, Paparoma na 28 na Iskandariya.
* Fitowar St. Theopista
* Shahadar St. Melitina Budurwa
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 21 ba
|Satumba 18
|Oktoba 1
|
* Tunawa da Budurwa Mai Tsarki St. Maryamu, Uwar Allah (Theotokos).
* Shahadar St. Cyprian &amp; St. Justina .
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 22 ba
|Satumba 19
|2 ga Oktoba
|
* Shahadar tsarkaka Cotylas (Kobtlas), 'yar'uwarsa Axoua, da abokinsa Tatas
* Shahadar St. Julius na Aqfahs (El-Akfehasi), marubucin tarihin shahidai
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 23 ba
|Satumba 20
|3 ga Oktoba
|
* Shahadar St. Eunapios (Onanius) da St. Andrew
* Shahadar St. Thecla.
* Sake buɗe Ikilisiyar Budurwa Mai Tsarki a cikin Haret al-Rum (Alkahira).
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 24 ba
|Satumba 21
|4 ga Oktoba
|
* Fitowar St. Gregory the Ascetic
* Shahadar St. Quadratus, ɗaya daga cikin almajiran saba'in.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 25 ba
|Satumba 22
|5 ga Oktoba
|
* Tafiyar Yunana, Annabi.
* Shahadar St. Maurice, kwamandan Rundunar Theban.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 26 ba
|Satumba 23
|6 ga Oktoba
|
* Sanarwar Mala'ika ga Zakariya Firist na haihuwar St. John the Baptist.
* Shahadar St. Eustathius da 'ya'yansa maza biyu
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 27 ba
|Satumba 24
|7 ga Oktoba
|
* Shahadar St. Eustathius da 'ya'yansa maza biyu
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 28 ba
|Satumba 25
|8 ga Oktoba
|
* Shahadar St. Apater (Abadir) da 'yar'uwarsa Saint Herai (Eraee) 
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 29 ba
|26 ga Satumba
|9 ga Oktoba
|
* Shahadar St. Rhipsime (Arbsima) Budurwa, St. Gaiana, da 'yan uwanta budurwa budurwa
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 30 ba
|Satumba 27
|Oktoba 10
|
* Tunawa da mu'ujizar da Allah ya yi wa St. Athanasius Apostolic.
|}

== Dubi kuma ==

* Kalandar Masar, Coptic, da Musulunci[[Hijira kalanda|Kalandar Musulunci]]

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
      <sha1>qcuzdssmil0qeoinqpymgw9jtg6sre8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969547</id>
      <parentid>969546</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T13:56:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SaadatuAliyu5484</username>
        <id>48956</id>
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      <comment>Sabon shafi</comment>
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      <text bytes="8008" sha1="ka2ebhl6jlafca5vctsf6kjylmnmpyp" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;infobox&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above&quot; style=&quot;background: #ccf; color:inherit;&quot; |Ba tare da
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Sunan asali
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Coptic:&lt;span lang=&quot;cop&quot;&gt;Sanya&lt;/span&gt;
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kalandar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[Coptic calendar|Kalandar Coptic]]
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Lambar wata
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |1
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yawan kwanaki
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |30
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[Gregorian calendar|Daidai da Gregorian]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Satumba-Oktoba
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-below&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;width:100%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;noprint&quot; style=&quot;float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x2190;&amp;nbsp;[[Mesori]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;noprint&quot; style=&quot;float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;&quot;&gt;[[Paopi]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;#x2192;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|}
 
Thout (Coptic),  aka fi sani da '''Thoth''' (Girkanci na dā: , ''Thōth'') da '''Tut'''  (Arabic), shine watan farko na kalandar Masar da Coptic na dā. Yana tsakanin 11 ga Satumba da 10 ga Oktoba na Kalandar Gregorian. 

Watan Thout kuma shine watan farko na Lokacin &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwIA&quot;&gt;Akhet&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (Ruwa)  a tsohuwar [[Misra|Misira]], lokacin da ambaliyar Nilu ta rufe ƙasar Misira a tarihi; ba ta yi haka ba tun lokacin da aka gina Babban Dam a [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]].

== Sunan ==
Sunan watan ya fito ne daga Thoth, Allahn Masar na Tsohon Hikima da Kimiyya, mai kirkirar rubutu, mai kula da marubuta, da kuma &quot;wanda ke nuna yanayi, watanni, da shekaru&quot;.Thoth ya  jagoranci &quot;House of Life&quot;, wanda ya hada kuma ya kwafe duk matani da ake bukata don kiyayewa da sake cika rayuwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=توت {{!}} شهر توت: شهر قبطي 1 {{!}} فهرس الأعياد القبطية - كتاب سنكسار الكنيسة القبطية الأرثوذكسية |url=https://st-takla.org/Full-Free-Coptic-Books/Synaxarium-or-Synaxarion/El-Seneksar-or-Sanaksar-01-Tout.html |access-date=2026-03-30 |website=St-Takla.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Coptic Calendar - The Coptic Church - Coptic Orthodox |url=https://www.suscopts.org/ |access-date=2026-03-30 |website=Coptic Orthodox Metropolis of the Southern United States |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Synaxarium na Coptic na watan Thout ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! style=&quot;width:5%;&quot; |Yaren mutanen Coptic
! style=&quot;width:5%;&quot; |Julian
! style=&quot;width:5%;&quot; |Gregorian
! style=&quot;width:50%;&quot; |Bikin tunawa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tout 1 : Lives of Saints : Synaxarium |url=https://www.copticchurch.net/synaxarium/1_1.html?lang=en#1 |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=CopticChurch.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=st-takla.org |url=https://st-takla.org/zJ/index.php/index.php?option=com_katamaros&amp;view=synaxarium-english&amp;dbl=en |access-date=2022-11-01 |website=St-Takla.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 1 ba
|29 ga watan Agusta
|Satumba 11
|
* Farawar Sabuwar Shekara ta Coptic (Bikin El-Nayrouz).
* Shahadar St. Bartholomew Manzo.
* Fitowar St. Avilius, Paparoma na 3 na Iskandariya.
* Fitowar Paparoma Mark V, Paparoma na 98 na Iskandariya
* Warkar da Ayyuka
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 2 ba
|30 ga watan Agusta
|Satumba 12
|
* Shahadar St. John the Baptist .
* Shahadar St. Dasya Soja.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 3 ba
|31 ga watan Agusta
|Satumba 13
|
* Taron majalisa mai tsarki a [[Alexandria|Iskandariya]] a karkashin St. Dionysius, Paparoma na 14 na Iskandariya, a cikin 243 AD.
* Babban girgizar ƙasa a [[Kairo|Alkahira]] da yawancin biranen Masar a shekara ta 1112 AD.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 4 ba
|Satumba 1
|Satumba 14
|
* Fitowar St. Verena.
* Fitowar St. Macarius II, Paparoma na 69 na Iskandariya.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 5 ba
|Satumba 2
|Satumba 15
|
* Shahadar St. Sophia
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 6 ba
|Satumba 3
|Satumba 16
|
* Fitowar [[Annabi Ishaq|Ishaya]], Annabi.
* Shahadar St. Basilissa
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 7 ba
|Satumba 4
|Satumba 17
|
* Fitowar St. Dioscorus, Paparoma na 25 na Iskandariya.
* Fitowar [[Jableh|Gabala]]&quot; id=&quot;mwkw&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Severian of Gabala&quot;&gt;St. Severian, bishop na Gabala a Siriya
* Shahadar St. Rebecca da 'ya'yanta Saints Agathon, Peter, John, Amun, &amp; Amuna
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 8 ba
|Satumba 5
|Satumba 18
|
* Tafiyar [[Musa]], Annabi.
* Shahadar Zakariya, Firist.
* Shahadar St. Diomedes (Dimides).
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 9 ba
|Satumba 6
|Satumba 19
|
* Shahadar St. Pisora, Bishop na Masil
* Mu'ujiza ta Colossae a Frigia
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 10 ba
|Satumba 7
|Satumba 20
|
* Shahadar St. Matruna
* Tunawa da St. Basin da 'ya'yanta
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 11 ba
|Satumba 8
|Satumba 21
|
* Shahadar St. Basilides (Wasilides) Minista.
* Tunawa da Korniliyus Centurion.
* Fitowar St. Theodora.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 12 ba
|Satumba 9
|Satumba 22
|
* Tunawa da Mika'ilu, Babban Mala'ika.
* Taron Majalisar Ikilisiya ta Uku a Afisa a shekara ta 431 AD.
* Canja wurin kayan tarihi na St. Clemus (Aklimos) da sahabbansa
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 13 ba
|Satumba 10
|Satumba 23
|
* Fitowar Paparoma Matiyu II, Paparoma na 90 na Iskandariya.
* Tunawa da mu'ujizar da St. Basil the Great, Bishop na Kaisariya, Cappadocia ya yi.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 14 ba
|Satumba 11
|Satumba 24
|
* Fitowar St. Agathon the Stylite
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 15 ba
|Satumba 12
|Satumba 25
|
* Canja wurin jikin St. Stephen, Archdeacon.
* Tunawa da St. Leontius na Siriya
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 16 ba
|Satumba 13
|26 ga Satumba
|
* Tsarkakewa na Ikilisiyar Tashin Matattu (Mai Tsarki Kabari).
* Canja wurin kayan tarihi na St. John Chrysostom.
* Fitowar Hegumen Yakoub Saleeb Al-Masoodi
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 17 ba
|Satumba 14
|Satumba 27
|
* Bayyanar Gicciye Mai Tsarki
* Fitowar St. Theognosta
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 18 ba
|Satumba 15
|Satumba 28
|
* Ranar Biyu ta Bikin Gicciye Mai Tsarki
* Shahadar St. Porphyrius (Prophorius).
* Shahadar St. Stephen the Priest &amp; St. Niceta (Niketa) 
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 19 ba
|Satumba 16
|Satumba 29
|
* Rana ta uku ta Bikin Gicciye Mai Tsarki
* Tunawa da St. Gregory the Illuminator, Shugaban Armenia.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 20 ba
|Satumba 17
|Satumba 30
|
* Fitowar St. Athanasius II, Paparoma na 28 na Iskandariya.
* Fitowar St. Theopista
* Shahadar St. Melitina Budurwa
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 21 ba
|Satumba 18
|Oktoba 1
|
* Tunawa da Budurwa Mai Tsarki St. Maryamu, Uwar Allah (Theotokos).
* Shahadar St. Cyprian &amp; St. Justina .
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 22 ba
|Satumba 19
|2 ga Oktoba
|
* Shahadar tsarkaka Cotylas (Kobtlas), 'yar'uwarsa Axoua, da abokinsa Tatas
* Shahadar St. Julius na Aqfahs (El-Akfehasi), marubucin tarihin shahidai
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 23 ba
|Satumba 20
|3 ga Oktoba
|
* Shahadar St. Eunapios (Onanius) da St. Andrew
* Shahadar St. Thecla.
* Sake buɗe Ikilisiyar Budurwa Mai Tsarki a cikin Haret al-Rum (Alkahira).
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 24 ba
|Satumba 21
|4 ga Oktoba
|
* Fitowar St. Gregory the Ascetic
* Shahadar St. Quadratus, ɗaya daga cikin almajiran saba'in.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 25 ba
|Satumba 22
|5 ga Oktoba
|
* Tafiyar Yunana, Annabi.
* Shahadar St. Maurice, kwamandan Rundunar Theban.
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 26 ba
|Satumba 23
|6 ga Oktoba
|
* Sanarwar Mala'ika ga Zakariya Firist na haihuwar St. John the Baptist.
* Shahadar St. Eustathius da 'ya'yansa maza biyu
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 27 ba
|Satumba 24
|7 ga Oktoba
|
* Shahadar St. Eustathius da 'ya'yansa maza biyu
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 28 ba
|Satumba 25
|8 ga Oktoba
|
* Shahadar St. Apater (Abadir) da 'yar'uwarsa Saint Herai (Eraee) 
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 29 ba
|26 ga Satumba
|9 ga Oktoba
|
* Shahadar St. Rhipsime (Arbsima) Budurwa, St. Gaiana, da 'yan uwanta budurwa budurwa
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|Ba tare da 30 ba
|Satumba 27
|Oktoba 10
|
* Tunawa da mu'ujizar da Allah ya yi wa St. Athanasius Apostolic.
|}

== Dubi kuma ==

* Kalandar Masar, Coptic, da Musulunci[[Hijira kalanda|Kalandar Musulunci]]

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
      <sha1>ka2ebhl6jlafca5vctsf6kjylmnmpyp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jugun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179615</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969572</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T15:12:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SaadatuAliyu5484</username>
        <id>48956</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351460124|Jugun]]&quot;</comment>
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'''D'''Jukun'''''' (wanda kuma ake kira Jukun, '''Tjunung''') 'yan asalin Australiya ne na yankin Kimberley na Yammacin Australia .

A rubuce a shekara ta 1974, Norman Tindale ya bayyana cewa a wannan lokacin Djukun ya kusan ƙarewa. Koyaya, Djukun da zuriyarsu suna ci gaba da rayuwa a ƙasar kakanninsu da aka sani da Jirr-ngin-ngan ko Broome.

Yana cikin arewa maso yammacin Yammacin Ostiraliya, shine garin Jirr-ngin-ngan ko Broome((((((((((((((Writing in 1974, Norman Tindale stated that by this time the Djukun had become almost extinct. However, the Djukun and their descendants continue to live on their ancestral homelands known as Jirr-ngin-ngan or Broome.))))))))). Kasar Djukun ta fi shahara da jan yashi, rairayin bakin teku da ruwan turquoise na Tekun Indiya.

== Kasar ==
Yankunan gargajiya na Djukun sun kai kimanin murabba'in kilomita 400 (1,000 ) tare da iyakar arewacin Roebuck Bay, har zuwa iyakar zuwa Willie Creek. Ƙasarsu ta kai kusan kilomita 15.{{Sfn|Tindale|1974}}&amp;nbsp;

== Harshe ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Hatnote/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;Tarin Daisy Bates wanda ke zaune a Jami'ar Adelaide ya ƙunshi cikakken bincike mai mahimmanci game da 'yan asalin Australiya daga Yammacin Australia ciki har da Broome . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bates Collection |url=https://www.nla.gov.au/collections/guide-selected-collections/bates-collection}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun fiye da ƙarni ɗaya wannan tarin yana riƙe da bayanai game da yaren Djukun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 May 2024 |title=Djukun language revitalisation project a success |url=https://www.broomead.com.au/news/broome-advertiser/broomes-djukun-nation-champions-language-revival-in-ambitious-project-c-14765552}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zamanin zamani ==
Duk da Rubibi Community v State of Western Australia Native Title Case, akwai muhimmiyar muhawara, tarihin baki da kuma bayanan da ke tabbatar da mutanen Djukun a matsayin masu mallakar gargajiya, masu riƙe da ilimi da masu kula da ƙasar Djukun (Broome) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=4 June 2024 |title=Rubibi Community v State of Western Australia (No 6) &amp;#91;2006&amp;#93; FCA 82 - Case Summary |url=http://www6.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/journals/AILR/2006/5.html |journal=Australian Indigenous Law Reporter}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Greg Campbell ethnographic da bincike na anthropological wanda ya kai sama da shekaru 30 ya nuna karfi da dangantaka tsakanin mutanen Djukun da Goolarabooloo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Total Reset |url=https://kimberleybooks.com.au/p/total-reset}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Al'ummar Djukun tana da hannu a cikin ayyuka da yawa, bincike da shirye-shiryen shiga cikin al'umma don farfado da yaren Djukun, dawo da asalin al'adunsu, adana tarihin su da kuma ba da ilimi ga tsararraki masu zuwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.djukunnation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mai shirya fina-finai kuma mai daukar hoto Cornel Ozies ya rubuta al'adun al'adun Djukun a cikin fim din 'Footprints'. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Footprints (2014) - the Screen Guide - Screen Australia |url=https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/the-screen-guide/t/footprints-2014/33297}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sauran sunaye ==

* ''Tjugun''
* ''Tjukun''
* ''Djukun''
* ''Tjugan''
* ''Djukan''
* ''Jukan''
* ''Tjunung''
* ''Kularrabulu''
* ''Jngukananga''{{Efn|Jukannganga etymologically signified 'Djugun speech/language'{{sfn|Tindale|1974|p=241}}}}
{{Notelist}}

=== Bayani ===
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist|20em}}

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
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'''D'''Jukun'''''' (wanda kuma ake kira Jukun, '''Tjunung''') 'yan asalin Australiya ne na yankin Kimberley na Yammacin Australia .

A rubuce a shekara ta 1974, Norman Tindale ya bayyana cewa a wannan lokacin Djukun ya kusan ƙarewa. Koyaya, Djukun da zuriyarsu suna ci gaba da rayuwa a ƙasar kakanninsu da aka sani da Jirr-ngin-ngan ko Broome.

Yana cikin arewa maso yammacin Yammacin Ostiraliya, shine garin Jirr-ngin-ngan ko Broome. Kasar Djukun ta fi shahara da jan yashi, rairayin bakin teku da ruwan turquoise na Tekun Indiya.

== Kasar ==
Yankunan gargajiya na Djukun sun kai kimanin murabba'in kilomita 400 (1,000 ) tare da iyakar arewacin Roebuck Bay, har zuwa iyakar zuwa Willie Creek. Ƙasarsu ta kai kusan kilomita 15.{{Sfn|Tindale|1974}}&amp;nbsp;

== Harshe ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Hatnote/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;Tarin Daisy Bates wanda ke zaune a Jami'ar Adelaide ya ƙunshi cikakken bincike mai mahimmanci game da 'yan asalin Australiya daga Yammacin Australia ciki har da Broome . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bates Collection |url=https://www.nla.gov.au/collections/guide-selected-collections/bates-collection}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tun fiye da ƙarni ɗaya wannan tarin yana riƙe da bayanai game da yaren Djukun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=24 May 2024 |title=Djukun language revitalisation project a success |url=https://www.broomead.com.au/news/broome-advertiser/broomes-djukun-nation-champions-language-revival-in-ambitious-project-c-14765552}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zamanin zamani ==
Duk da Rubibi Community v State of Western Australia Native Title Case, akwai muhimmiyar muhawara, tarihin baki da kuma bayanan da ke tabbatar da mutanen Djukun a matsayin masu mallakar gargajiya, masu riƙe da ilimi da masu kula da ƙasar Djukun (Broome) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=4 June 2024 |title=Rubibi Community v State of Western Australia (No 6) &amp;#91;2006&amp;#93; FCA 82 - Case Summary |url=http://www6.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/journals/AILR/2006/5.html |journal=Australian Indigenous Law Reporter}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Greg Campbell ethnographic da bincike na anthropological wanda ya kai sama da shekaru 30 ya nuna karfi da dangantaka tsakanin mutanen Djukun da Goolarabooloo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Total Reset |url=https://kimberleybooks.com.au/p/total-reset}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Al'ummar Djukun tana da hannu a cikin ayyuka da yawa, bincike da shirye-shiryen shiga cikin al'umma don farfado da yaren Djukun, dawo da asalin al'adunsu, adana tarihin su da kuma ba da ilimi ga tsararraki masu zuwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.djukunnation.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mai shirya fina-finai kuma mai daukar hoto Cornel Ozies ya rubuta al'adun al'adun Djukun a cikin fim din 'Footprints'. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Footprints (2014) - the Screen Guide - Screen Australia |url=https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/the-screen-guide/t/footprints-2014/33297}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sauran sunaye ==

* ''Tjugun''
* ''Tjukun''
* ''Djukun''
* ''Tjugan''
* ''Djukan''
* ''Jukan''
* ''Tjunung''
* ''Kularrabulu''
* ''Jngukananga''{{Efn|Jukannganga etymologically signified 'Djugun speech/language'{{sfn|Tindale|1974|p=241}}}}
{{Notelist}}

=== Bayani ===
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist|20em}}

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
      <sha1>9wj904va24e012cti8ukrph1bp6ckuh</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Warden (disambiguation)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179616</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969578</id>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>48956</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1279331355|Warden (disambiguation)]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>969578</origin>
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      <text bytes="2497" sha1="qx48wueff43zefgnq5pj4ns8xgcjq52" xml:space="preserve">== Fasaha da nishaɗi ==

* The Warden, wani littafi na 1855 na Anthony Trollope
* The Warden (jerin talabijin) , wani karamin jerin shirye-shiryen BBC na 1951 na littafin Trollope
* The Warden (fim) , wasan kwaikwayo na asiri na Iran na 2019
* The Warden (Superjail!), wani hali ne a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Amurka Superjail!''Mai Girma!''
* Elizabeth Warden (Keeping Up Appearances), wani hali daga shirin talabijin na Burtaniya Keeping Up Appearance''Ci gaba da Bayyanawa''
* Cif ARP Warden Hodges, wani hali mai maimaitawa a cikin sitcom na Burtaniya Dad's Army''Sojojin Uba''
* Warden Walker, wani hali a cikin littafin Holes''Ramin''
* Warden, wani mummunan taron jama'a daga Deep Dark a cikin ''Minecraft''

== Wuraren da aka yi ==

* Dutsen Warden, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica
* Warden Pass, Coats Land, Antarctica, hanyar dutse
* Lake Warden (Yammacin Australia) , tafkin gishiri
* Warden, Quebec, Kanada, ƙauye
* Warden Peak, British Columbia, Kanada
* Warden, Kent, Ingila, ƙauye da Ikklisiya
* Warden, Northumberland, Ingila, ƙauye
* Warden Hill, wani tudu a cikin Lincolnshire Wolds, Ingila
* Warden, Free State, Afirka ta Kudu, wani gari
* Warden, Louisiana, Amurka, wata al'umma da ba a kafa ta ba
* Warden, Washington, Amurka, birni
* Warden, West Virginia, Amurka, wata al'umma da ba a kafa ta ba
* Warden Lake, West Virginia, wani tafki
* Warden Branch, Missouri, Amurka, rafi

== Mutane ==

* Warden (sunan mahaifi) 
* Warden (sunan da aka ba shi) 

== Sufuri ==

* Warden Avenue, babbar hanyar arewa maso kudu a Scarborough, Ontario, Kanada
* Tashar Warden, tashar jirgin karkashin kasa a Toronto, Ontario, Kanada
* Tashar jirgin kasa ta Warden, tsohuwar tashar a Warden, Northumberland, Ingila
* Warden Bridge, gada ce ta hanyar da ta haye Kogin Kudancin Tyne kusa da Warden, Northumberland

== Sauran amfani ==

* Warden (software) , tsarin rigakafin yaudara na wasan bidiyo wanda Blizzard Entertainment ke amfani da shi
* Warden ko Wardon Abbey, wani masallacin Cistercian a Bedfordshire, Ingila
* Cibiyar Warden Energy, tashar wutar lantarki a kan Warden Avenue, Markham, Ontario, Kanada
* Pear mai kula, kowane nau'in pear da ba su nuna da gaske ba kuma dole ne a dafa su don su zama masu cin abinci

== Dubi kuma ==

* Saƙon Warden, muhimmiyar saƙo daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka game da aminci ko bayanan tafiye-tafiye ga 'yan ƙasar Amurka a ƙasashen waje
* Tsohon Warden, Bedfordshire, Ingila, ƙauye da Ikklisiya
* Worden (disambiguation)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Peninah Musimi</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1260060657|Peninah Musyimi]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Peninah Nthenya Musimi''' (an haife ta a watan Disamba na shekarar 1978) lauya ce kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a daga ƙasar Kenya. Ta kafa shirin Safe Spaces domin ƙarfafa matasa mata da suka taso a unguwannin talakawa na birnin Nairobi. Shirin ya samo asali ne daga irin abubuwan da ta fuskanta a rayuwarta, kasancewar ita ce mutum ta farko daga unguwarsu da ke yankin Mathare Valley da ta kammala karatun jami'a. A shekarar 2011, ta samu lambar yabo ta “I Am Powerful” daga ƙungiyar Care International.

== Rayuwa ==
[[File:MathareValleySlum.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi na Kwarin Mathare a cikin 2009]]
An haifi Musyimi a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1978 a yankin [[Nairobi]] da aka sani da Kwarin Mathare .&lt;ref name=&quot;womenwin2&quot;&gt;{{Citation|title=Peninah's Story|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijxjtpXJ6PM&amp;list=TLGGlcJdVGaNFT4yMTAyMjAyMg|language=en|access-date=22 February 2022|archive-date=22 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222103457/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijxjtpXJ6PM&amp;list=TLGGlcJdVGaNFT4yMTAyMjAyMg|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyalinta matalauta ne kuma suna zaune a cikin gida ba tare da bayan gida ba, don haka ta yi aiki ga maƙwabtanta don biyan kuɗi.&lt;ref name=&quot;bhope&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Basketball of hope for Nairobi slum children {{!}} Kenya |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/news/basketball-of-hope-for-nairobi-slum-children--802178?view=htmlamp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224135042/https://nation.africa/kenya/news/basketball-of-hope-for-nairobi-slum-children--802178?view=htmlamp |archive-date=24 February 2022 |access-date=24 February 2022 |website=nation.africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shan giya, kwayoyi da karuwanci sune abubuwan da aka saba gani a kwarin Mathare, wanda ke shafar ikon matasa daga can don samun ilimi.

Duk da rashin kayan aiki ko takalma, Musyimi ta sami nasarar fara karatun firamare kuma ta zama ɗaliba mai kyau. Koyaya ba zai iya halartar makarantar sakandare ba. Duk da koma baya, ta gudanar da shirya kudade, tana tafiya kilomita 16 (9.9  zuwa makaranta kowace rana.&lt;ref name=&quot;unplug&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Peninah Nthenya Musyimi |url=https://www.cultureunplugged.com/documentary/watch-online/play/11285/Peninah-Nthenya-Musyimi- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221194321/https://www.cultureunplugged.com/documentary/watch-online/play/11285/Peninah-Nthenya-Musyimi- |archive-date=21 February 2022 |access-date=21 February 2022 |website=www.cultureunplugged.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Musyimi na son zuwa jami'a, amma wannan ba a taɓa gani ba ga yarinya daga asalinta, tare da mahaifinta yana son ta yi aure.

Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin zuwa ilimin jami'a wanda aka buɗe wa Musyimi shine yiwuwar samun tallafin karatu bisa ga iyawa a wasan kwando. Koyaya akwai ƙananan wuraren wasanni inda ta zauna. Akwai kotun kwando a coci kuma ta shawo kan wani dan wasan kwando a can ya koya mata.&lt;ref name=&quot;care&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 March 2021 |title=She is a Basketball Champion and Lawyer: Peninah Musyimi |url=https://www.care.org/news-and-stories/culture/she-is-a-basketball-champion-and-lawyer-peninah-musyimi/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216075135/https://www.care.org/news-and-stories/culture/she-is-a-basketball-champion-and-lawyer-peninah-musyimi/ |archive-date=16 February 2022 |access-date=24 February 2022 |website=CARE |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta gaya wa mai horar da ita cewa da zarar ta sami ƙwarewa to za ta iya ƙirƙirar ƙungiya a coci.&lt;ref name=&quot;care&quot; /&gt; Tare da horo mai zurfi, ta wuce gwajin kwando kuma ta sami tallafin karatu na $ 400 don halartar [[Jami'ar Nairobi]], inda ta yi karatun Shari'a da Kimiyya ta Jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;unplug&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;care&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bhope&quot; /&gt; Ita ce mace ta farko daga Mathare Valley slum da ta kammala karatu daga jami'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;unicef2&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Fund (UNICEF)|first=United Nations Children's|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zXa9DwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=musyimi+peninah&amp;pg=PA61|title=State of the World's Children 2012: Children in an Urban World|date=31 December 2012|page=61|publisher=United Nations|isbn=978-92-1-059758-6|language=en|access-date=18 March 2022|archive-date=18 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318032246/https://books.google.com/books?id=zXa9DwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=musyimi+peninah&amp;pg=PA61|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan kammala karatunta, Musyimi ta horar da ita a matsayin lauya amma ta fahimci cewa akwai ƙarin gwagwarmaya da za ta iya bi.&lt;ref name=&quot;care&quot; /&gt; A shekara ta 2008 ta kafa &quot;Safe Spaces&quot; tare da kudade daga Schools without Borders da ofishin jakadancin Holland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Safe Spaces - Nairobi |url=https://www.safespaces-nairobi.org/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=safespacesnl |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bhope&quot; /&gt; Ta kuma yi haɗin gwiwa tare da [[M. Night Shyamalan Foundation|Gidauniyar M. Night Shyamalan]] (inda aka lissafa ta a matsayin jagora) a cikin ƙoƙari na hadin gwiwa wanda ya goyi bayan ƙarin sabbin 'yan mata 300 zuwa Safe Spaces . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Peninah Nthenya Musyimi |url=https://mnsfoundation.org/leader/peninah-nthenya-musyimi/ |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=M Night Shyamalan Foundation |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Manufar kungiyar ita ce kara amincewa da dama ga 'yan mata a Nairobi. Aikin yana ƙarfafa 'yan mata su sami burin kuma suna ba da kuɗi don tallafawa ilimin sakandare da jami'a. Har ila yau, yana koya wa 'yan mata yadda za su zama injiniyoyi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=In The Spotlight : Peninah Nthenya Musyimi, Safe Spaces |url=https://www.tiaraleadership.com/client-spotlights/peninah-nthenya-musyimi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222111228/https://www.tiaraleadership.com/client-spotlights/peninah-nthenya-musyimi |archive-date=22 February 2022 |access-date=22 February 2022 |website=Tiara International LLC |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara ne da ganawa ta farko a gidanta tare da ƙaramin rukuni na matasa, inda suka tattauna yadda ake &quot;bi da mata kamar shara&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;award2&quot;&gt;{{Citation|title=Peninah Nthenya Musyimi was this year's recipient of CARE's &quot;I am Powerful&quot; Award|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekQmmnCytiQ|language=en|access-date=22 February 2022|archive-date=22 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222104447/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekQmmnCytiQ|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kyaututtuka da karbuwa ==
A shekara ta 2011 an ba ta lambar yabo ta &quot;Ni mai iko&quot; ta wannan shekarar ta [[Hadin Gwiwa Don Taimakawa A Ko Ina|KARI]]  a ranar cika shekaru 100 na [[Ranar mata ta duniya|Ranar Mata ta Duniya]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;aaa&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Aafjes |first=Astrid |date=2011 |title=Sports: A Powerful Strategy to Advance Women's Rights |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/45289532 |url-status=live |journal=The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=53–63 |issn=1046-1868 |jstor=45289532 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222105856/https://www.jstor.org/stable/45289532 |archive-date=22 February 2022 |access-date=22 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta tafi Washington don karɓar kyautar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=International Women's Day Celebrations|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LO26pT8ISic|language=en|access-date=24 February 2022|archive-date=24 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224140437/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LO26pT8ISic|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 2014 ta gabatar da jawabin TEDx game da labarinta mai taken &quot;Ni Canji ne&quot; a Amsterdam. Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2022, an kalli shi sau 10,000. A cikin 2019 an gayyace ta zuwa Amsterdam inda ta yi magana game da 'yanci a buɗe taron. Ta yi magana a Gidan Tarihi na Cobra don taimakawa [[Ranar mata ta duniya|Ranar Mata ta Duniya]].&lt;ref name=&quot;cobra&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nieuws: Wethouder Gordon: de vrouwenemancipatie is nog niet voltooid |url=https://www.amstelveenweb.com/nieuws-Wethouder-Gordon-de-vrouwenemancipatie-is-nog-ni&amp;newsid=332509800 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224132655/https://www.amstelveenweb.com/nieuws-Wethouder-Gordon-de-vrouwenemancipatie-is-nog-ni%26newsid%3D332509800 |archive-date=24 February 2022 |access-date=24 February 2022 |website=www.amstelveenweb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]]</text>
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'''Peninah Nthenya Musimi''' (an haife ta a watan Disamba na shekarar 1978) lauya ce kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a daga ƙasar Kenya. Ta kafa shirin Safe Spaces domin ƙarfafa matasa mata da suka taso a unguwannin talakawa na birnin Nairobi. Shirin ya samo asali ne daga irin abubuwan da ta fuskanta a rayuwarta, kasancewar ita ce mutum ta farko daga unguwarsu da ke yankin Mathare Valley da ta kammala karatun jami'a. A shekarar 2011, ta samu lambar yabo ta “I Am Powerful” daga ƙungiyar Care International.

== Rayuwa ==
[[File:MathareValleySlum.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi na Kwarin Mathare a cikin 2009]]
An haifi Musyimi a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1978 a yankin [[Nairobi]] da aka sani da Kwarin Mathare .&lt;ref name=&quot;womenwin2&quot;&gt;{{Citation|title=Peninah's Story|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijxjtpXJ6PM&amp;list=TLGGlcJdVGaNFT4yMTAyMjAyMg|language=en|access-date=22 February 2022|archive-date=22 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222103457/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijxjtpXJ6PM&amp;list=TLGGlcJdVGaNFT4yMTAyMjAyMg|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iyalinta matalauta ne kuma suna zaune a cikin gida ba tare da bayan gida ba, don haka ta yi aiki ga maƙwabtanta don biyan kuɗi.&lt;ref name=&quot;bhope&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Basketball of hope for Nairobi slum children {{!}} Kenya |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/news/basketball-of-hope-for-nairobi-slum-children--802178?view=htmlamp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224135042/https://nation.africa/kenya/news/basketball-of-hope-for-nairobi-slum-children--802178?view=htmlamp |archive-date=24 February 2022 |access-date=24 February 2022 |website=nation.africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shan giya, kwayoyi da karuwanci sune abubuwan da aka saba gani a kwarin Mathare, wanda ke shafar ikon matasa daga can don samun ilimi.

Duk da rashin kayan aiki ko takalma, Musyimi ta sami nasarar fara karatun firamare kuma ta zama ɗaliba mai kyau. Koyaya ba zai iya halartar makarantar sakandare ba. Duk da koma baya, ta gudanar da shirya kudade, tana tafiya kilomita 16 (9.9  zuwa makaranta kowace rana.&lt;ref name=&quot;unplug&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Peninah Nthenya Musyimi |url=https://www.cultureunplugged.com/documentary/watch-online/play/11285/Peninah-Nthenya-Musyimi- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221194321/https://www.cultureunplugged.com/documentary/watch-online/play/11285/Peninah-Nthenya-Musyimi- |archive-date=21 February 2022 |access-date=21 February 2022 |website=www.cultureunplugged.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Musyimi na son zuwa jami'a, amma wannan ba a taɓa gani ba ga yarinya daga asalinta, tare da mahaifinta yana son ta yi aure.

Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin zuwa ilimin jami'a wanda aka buɗe wa Musyimi shine yiwuwar samun tallafin karatu bisa ga iyawa a wasan kwando. Koyaya akwai ƙananan wuraren wasanni inda ta zauna. Akwai kotun kwando a coci kuma ta shawo kan wani dan wasan kwando a can ya koya mata.&lt;ref name=&quot;care&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 March 2021 |title=She is a Basketball Champion and Lawyer: Peninah Musyimi |url=https://www.care.org/news-and-stories/culture/she-is-a-basketball-champion-and-lawyer-peninah-musyimi/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216075135/https://www.care.org/news-and-stories/culture/she-is-a-basketball-champion-and-lawyer-peninah-musyimi/ |archive-date=16 February 2022 |access-date=24 February 2022 |website=CARE |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta gaya wa mai horar da ita cewa da zarar ta sami ƙwarewa to za ta iya ƙirƙirar ƙungiya a coci.&lt;ref name=&quot;care&quot; /&gt; Tare da horo mai zurfi, ta wuce gwajin kwando kuma ta sami tallafin karatu na $ 400 don halartar [[Jami'ar Nairobi]], inda ta yi karatun Shari'a da Kimiyya ta Jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;unplug&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;care&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bhope&quot; /&gt; Ita ce mace ta farko daga Mathare Valley slum da ta kammala karatu daga jami'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;unicef2&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Fund (UNICEF)|first=United Nations Children's|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zXa9DwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=musyimi+peninah&amp;pg=PA61|title=State of the World's Children 2012: Children in an Urban World|date=31 December 2012|page=61|publisher=United Nations|isbn=978-92-1-059758-6|language=en|access-date=18 March 2022|archive-date=18 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318032246/https://books.google.com/books?id=zXa9DwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=musyimi+peninah&amp;pg=PA61|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bayan kammala karatunta, Musyimi ta horar da ita a matsayin lauya amma ta fahimci cewa akwai ƙarin gwagwarmaya da za ta iya bi.&lt;ref name=&quot;care&quot; /&gt; A shekara ta 2008 ta kafa &quot;Safe Spaces&quot; tare da kudade daga Schools without Borders da ofishin jakadancin Holland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Safe Spaces - Nairobi |url=https://www.safespaces-nairobi.org/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=safespacesnl |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bhope&quot; /&gt; Ta kuma yi haɗin gwiwa tare da [[M. Night Shyamalan Foundation|Gidauniyar M. Night Shyamalan]] (inda aka lissafa ta a matsayin jagora) a cikin ƙoƙari na hadin gwiwa wanda ya goyi bayan ƙarin sabbin 'yan mata 300 zuwa Safe Spaces . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Peninah Nthenya Musyimi |url=https://mnsfoundation.org/leader/peninah-nthenya-musyimi/ |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=M Night Shyamalan Foundation |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Manufar kungiyar ita ce kara amincewa da dama ga 'yan mata a Nairobi. Aikin yana ƙarfafa 'yan mata su sami burin kuma suna ba da kuɗi don tallafawa ilimin sakandare da jami'a. Har ila yau, yana koya wa 'yan mata yadda za su zama injiniyoyi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=In The Spotlight : Peninah Nthenya Musyimi, Safe Spaces |url=https://www.tiaraleadership.com/client-spotlights/peninah-nthenya-musyimi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222111228/https://www.tiaraleadership.com/client-spotlights/peninah-nthenya-musyimi |archive-date=22 February 2022 |access-date=22 February 2022 |website=Tiara International LLC |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya fara ne da ganawa ta farko a gidanta tare da ƙaramin rukuni na matasa, inda suka tattauna yadda ake &quot;bi da mata kamar shara&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;award2&quot;&gt;{{Citation|title=Peninah Nthenya Musyimi was this year's recipient of CARE's &quot;I am Powerful&quot; Award|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekQmmnCytiQ|language=en|access-date=22 February 2022|archive-date=22 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222104447/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekQmmnCytiQ|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kyaututtuka da karbuwa ==
A shekara ta 2011 an ba ta lambar yabo ta &quot;Ni mai iko&quot; ta wannan shekarar ta [[Hadin Gwiwa Don Taimakawa A Ko Ina|KARI]]  a ranar cika shekaru 100 na [[Ranar mata ta duniya|Ranar Mata ta Duniya]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;aaa&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Aafjes |first=Astrid |date=2011 |title=Sports: A Powerful Strategy to Advance Women's Rights |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/45289532 |url-status=live |journal=The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=53–63 |issn=1046-1868 |jstor=45289532 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222105856/https://www.jstor.org/stable/45289532 |archive-date=22 February 2022 |access-date=22 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta tafi Washington don karɓar kyautar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=International Women's Day Celebrations|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LO26pT8ISic|language=en|access-date=24 February 2022|archive-date=24 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224140437/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LO26pT8ISic|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekara ta 2014 ta gabatar da jawabin TEDx game da labarinta mai taken &quot;Ni Canji ne&quot; a Amsterdam. Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2022, an kalli shi sau 10,000. A cikin 2019 an gayyace ta zuwa Amsterdam inda ta yi magana game da 'yanci a buɗe taron. Ta yi magana a Gidan Tarihi na Cobra don taimakawa [[Ranar mata ta duniya|Ranar Mata ta Duniya]].&lt;ref name=&quot;cobra&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nieuws: Wethouder Gordon: de vrouwenemancipatie is nog niet voltooid |url=https://www.amstelveenweb.com/nieuws-Wethouder-Gordon-de-vrouwenemancipatie-is-nog-ni&amp;newsid=332509800 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224132655/https://www.amstelveenweb.com/nieuws-Wethouder-Gordon-de-vrouwenemancipatie-is-nog-ni%26newsid%3D332509800 |archive-date=24 February 2022 |access-date=24 February 2022 |website=www.amstelveenweb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jacqueline Mutere</title>
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        <username>Uskeone</username>
        <id>40867</id>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342483723|Jacqueline Mutere]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Jacqueline Mutere''' mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata ce daga ƙasar Kenya. Ita ce ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Grace Agenda, wata gidauniya da ke ba wa waɗanda aka yi wa fyade taimako da shawarwari a Kenya.

Haka kuma, Mutere mamba ce a National Victims and Survivors Network (Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Waɗanda Aka Zalunta da Waɗanda Suka Tsira), wadda ke ƙoƙarin aiwatar da shirin biyan diyya ga waɗanda aka zalunta, kamar yadda Hukumar Gaskiya, Adalci da Sulhu (TJRC) ta tsara..  {{R|ICTJ}}

== Yunkurin fafutuka ==
A cikin tashin hankali na Kenya bayan zaben 2007-2008 bayan zaben, an kashe mutane 1,000 kuma akalla mata da 'yan mata 900 sun fuskanci tashin hankali na jima'i. Wani makwabci ya yi wa Mutere fyade kuma ya yi masa ciki. Ta nemi zubar da ciki, amma saboda doka ta haramta shi a Kenya, ta kammala ciki kuma ta haifi 'yar, Princess. Kwarewarta da juriya sun motsa ta ta tallafa wa sauran wadanda suka tsira da yaransu ta hanyar kafa Grace Agenda . &lt;ref name=&quot;Affairs&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Affairs |first=Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World |title=A Discussion with Jacqueline Mutere, Founder and Director of Grace Agenda |url=https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/interviews/a-discussion-with-jacqueline-mutere-founder-and-director-of-grace-agenda |access-date=2021-07-28 |website=berkleycenter.georgetown.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mutere ya kafa Grace Agenda a cikin 2010 don tallafawa 'ya'yan wadanda aka yi wa fyade daga wannan guguwar tashin hankali na kabilanci. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ƙirƙirar tushe, Mutere ya fahimci cewa yawancin uwaye na waɗannan yara suna buƙatar wuri mai aminci don tattauna raunin da suka samu, kuma ta hanyar samar da wannan hanyar, ƙananan uwaye za su ba da raunin da suke da shi ga yaransu. Saboda rikice-rikicen da ya kasance a lokacin tashin hankali, wahalar gano maharan, da yawa daga cikinsu 'yan sanda, da kuma gaskiyar cewa yawancin wadanda abin ya shafa ba su iya fitowa a fili ba, wannan kungiyar ta sadaukar da kanta don yin magana ga wadanda suka tsira. Kungiyarta tana taimaka wa wadanda abin ya shafa ta hanyar aika wadanda suka tsira a matsayin masu sa ido don bi su a cikin waɗannan ziyarar zuwa wuraren kiwon lafiya bayan an azabtar da su.&lt;ref name=&quot;StandUp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=Stand up for Human Rights |url=https://standup4humanrights.org/en/2020/highlights_14.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204180038/https://standup4humanrights.org/en/2020/highlights_14.html |archive-date=4 December 2020 |access-date=2021-03-29 |website=www.standup4humanrights.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mutere ya ce, &quot;Ƙungiyar tana da mahimmanci wajen motsa hanyoyin da ke tallafawa waɗanda suka tsira; wakilan suna ba da rahoto ga juna, gami da gwamnati, don haka sun san abin da za su yi tsammani. &quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Affairs&quot; /&gt;

=== Yunkurin cutar COVID-19 ===
A lokacin annobar COVID-19, aikin Mutere a matsayin mai kare hakkin mata ya zama da wahala saboda tsoron cewa mata da ke ziyartar wuraren kiwon lafiya saboda jima'i ko tashin hankali na gida za a gwada su kuma a keɓewa su da karfi, da kuma matsalolin tattalin arziki da al'umma ke ɗauka. Mutere ya ci gaba da ba da shawara da kuma taimaka wa wadanda abin ya shafa a cikin sabbin shari'o'i, kamar neman adalci ta hanyar yin shaida a cikin sauraron kotu, ziyartar asibiti, da halartar shawarwari, da sauran fannoni na maganin bayan hare-haren wadanda aka yi wa fyade. &lt;ref name=&quot;StandUp&quot; /&gt;

Mutere kuma yana mai da hankali kan matsawa Gwamnatin Kenya don bin alkawarinta na rarraba fiye da dala miliyan 100 na biyan diyya ga waɗanda suka tsira daga fyade a lokacin tashin hankali na 2007-2008. Wadannan kokarin sun hada da tafiya ta zaman lafiya don gabatar da takarda ga majalisar dattijai ta Kenya don tunatar da mambobinta game da alkawuran da suka yi wa wadanda suka tsira fyade.  {{R|ICTJ}}Har ila yau, kungiyar ta ba da shawara game da mutuncin wadanda suka tsira da kuma binciken 'yan sanda.

Mutere ta kuma ba da shawara ga wasu kungiyoyin jin dadin mata game da neman kudade da neman tallafi.&lt;ref name=&quot;StandUp&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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'''Jacqueline Mutere''' mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata ce daga ƙasar Kenya. Ita ce ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Grace Agenda, wata gidauniya da ke ba wa waɗanda aka yi wa fyade taimako da shawarwari a Kenya.

Haka kuma, Mutere mamba ce a National Victims and Survivors Network (Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Waɗanda Aka Zalunta da Waɗanda Suka Tsira), wadda ke ƙoƙarin aiwatar da shirin biyan diyya ga waɗanda aka zalunta, kamar yadda Hukumar Gaskiya, Adalci da Sulhu (TJRC) ta tsara..  {{R|ICTJ}}

== Yunkurin fafutuka ==
A cikin tashin hankali na Kenya bayan zaben 2007-2008 bayan zaben, an kashe mutane 1,000 kuma akalla mata da 'yan mata 900 sun fuskanci tashin hankali na jima'i. Wani makwabci ya yi wa Mutere fyade kuma ya yi masa ciki. Ta nemi zubar da ciki, amma saboda doka ta haramta shi a Kenya, ta kammala ciki kuma ta haifi 'yar, Princess. Kwarewarta da juriya sun motsa ta ta tallafa wa sauran wadanda suka tsira da yaransu ta hanyar kafa Grace Agenda . &lt;ref name=&quot;Affairs&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Affairs |first=Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World |title=A Discussion with Jacqueline Mutere, Founder and Director of Grace Agenda |url=https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/interviews/a-discussion-with-jacqueline-mutere-founder-and-director-of-grace-agenda |access-date=2021-07-28 |website=berkleycenter.georgetown.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mutere ya kafa Grace Agenda a cikin 2010 don tallafawa 'ya'yan wadanda aka yi wa fyade daga wannan guguwar tashin hankali na kabilanci. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ƙirƙirar tushe, Mutere ya fahimci cewa yawancin uwaye na waɗannan yara suna buƙatar wuri mai aminci don tattauna raunin da suka samu, kuma ta hanyar samar da wannan hanyar, ƙananan uwaye za su ba da raunin da suke da shi ga yaransu. Saboda rikice-rikicen da ya kasance a lokacin tashin hankali, wahalar gano maharan, da yawa daga cikinsu 'yan sanda, da kuma gaskiyar cewa yawancin wadanda abin ya shafa ba su iya fitowa a fili ba, wannan kungiyar ta sadaukar da kanta don yin magana ga wadanda suka tsira. Kungiyarta tana taimaka wa wadanda abin ya shafa ta hanyar aika wadanda suka tsira a matsayin masu sa ido don bi su a cikin waɗannan ziyarar zuwa wuraren kiwon lafiya bayan an azabtar da su.&lt;ref name=&quot;StandUp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=Stand up for Human Rights |url=https://standup4humanrights.org/en/2020/highlights_14.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204180038/https://standup4humanrights.org/en/2020/highlights_14.html |archive-date=4 December 2020 |access-date=2021-03-29 |website=www.standup4humanrights.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mutere ya ce, &quot;Ƙungiyar tana da mahimmanci wajen motsa hanyoyin da ke tallafawa waɗanda suka tsira; wakilan suna ba da rahoto ga juna, gami da gwamnati, don haka sun san abin da za su yi tsammani. &quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Affairs&quot; /&gt;

=== Yunkurin cutar COVID-19 ===
A lokacin annobar COVID-19, aikin Mutere a matsayin mai kare hakkin mata ya zama da wahala saboda tsoron cewa mata da ke ziyartar wuraren kiwon lafiya saboda jima'i ko tashin hankali na gida za a gwada su kuma a keɓewa su da karfi, da kuma matsalolin tattalin arziki da al'umma ke ɗauka. Mutere ya ci gaba da ba da shawara da kuma taimaka wa wadanda abin ya shafa a cikin sabbin shari'o'i, kamar neman adalci ta hanyar yin shaida a cikin sauraron kotu, ziyartar asibiti, da halartar shawarwari, da sauran fannoni na maganin bayan hare-haren wadanda aka yi wa fyade. &lt;ref name=&quot;StandUp&quot; /&gt;

Mutere kuma yana mai da hankali kan matsawa Gwamnatin Kenya don bin alkawarinta na rarraba fiye da dala miliyan 100 na biyan diyya ga waɗanda suka tsira daga fyade a lokacin tashin hankali na 2007-2008. Wadannan kokarin sun hada da tafiya ta zaman lafiya don gabatar da takarda ga majalisar dattijai ta Kenya don tunatar da mambobinta game da alkawuran da suka yi wa wadanda suka tsira fyade.  {{R|ICTJ}}Har ila yau, kungiyar ta ba da shawara game da mutuncin wadanda suka tsira da kuma binciken 'yan sanda.

Mutere ta kuma ba da shawara ga wasu kungiyoyin jin dadin mata game da neman kudade da neman tallafi.&lt;ref name=&quot;StandUp&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tarihin layin dogo da sufuri a Gombe</title>
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    <id>179619</id>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-19T16:33:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummu Ilham</username>
        <id>45024</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sabon shafi: '''Tarihin layin dogo da sufuri a Gombe''' ya shafi sauye-sauyen hanyoyin zirga-zirga da jigilar mutane da kayayyaki a yankin da ya zama Jihar Gombe a Najeriya. Sufuri a jihar ya haɗa da hanyoyin mota, layin dogo da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama. Duk da cewa layin dogo ya taka rawa a tattalin arzikin yankin a baya, sufuri ta mota ce ta zama babbar hanyar zirga-zirga a jihar a zamanin baya-bayan nan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe Development Plan 2021–2030 |url=https://www.scribd.c...</comment>
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      <text bytes="8832" sha1="dpdtmzvro6lgkh0xaw0lfkua2jsc53y" xml:space="preserve">'''Tarihin layin dogo da sufuri a Gombe''' ya shafi sauye-sauyen hanyoyin zirga-zirga da jigilar mutane da kayayyaki a yankin da ya zama Jihar Gombe a Najeriya. Sufuri a jihar ya haɗa da hanyoyin mota, layin dogo da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama. Duk da cewa layin dogo ya taka rawa a tattalin arzikin yankin a baya, sufuri ta mota ce ta zama babbar hanyar zirga-zirga a jihar a zamanin baya-bayan nan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe Development Plan 2021–2030 |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/1007734266/Gombe-Development-Plan-2021-2030 |website=Gombe State Government development planning document |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Rejoinder to a Fake News: Re-“Nigeria's Transport Minister diverted $3 Billion Railway Project from South-East to Home State, Gombe for political Gain” |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/rejoinder-to-a-fake-news-nigerias-transport-minister-diverted-3-billion-railway-project-from-south-east-to-home-state-gombe-for-political-gain/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi ==

=== Layin dogo a yankin Gombe ===

Gombe na daga cikin yankunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya da aka haɗa da hanyar layin dogo ta Gabas (Eastern Railway Line). Wannan hanyar ta haɗa yankunan tsakiyar Najeriya da arewa maso gabas, inda layin ya wuce ta wasu yankuna kafin ya kai Maiduguri a Jihar Borno. Layin dogon ya taimaka wajen jigilar fasinjoji da kayayyaki, musamman kayayyakin noma da sauran kayayyakin kasuwanci.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Rail transport in Nigeria |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Nigeria |website=Wikipedia |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarun 1970 da 1980, layin dogo ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin sufuri da suka taimaka wajen zirga-zirga da jigilar kayayyaki a yankin Gombe. Sai dai, daga baya layin ya fuskanci raguwar aiki saboda matsalolin kula da kayayyakin more rayuwa, rashin isasshen gyara da kuma lalacewar wasu sassan hanyarsa. Wani bincike kan ci gaban Gombe ya bayyana cewa sufuri ta layin dogo ta yi rauni sosai, yayin da sufuri ta mota ta zama babbar hanyar zirga-zirga a jihar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Legend Goje: An Architect of Modern Gombe |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366580484_LEGEND_GOJE_AN_ARCHITECT_OF_MODERN_GOMBE |website=ResearchGate |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Shirin farfaɗo da layin dogo ===

Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Najeriya ta ci gaba da shirin gyarawa da faɗaɗa hanyoyin layin dogo a sassa daban-daban na ƙasar. A cikin shirin layin dogon da zai haɗa Port Harcourt da Maiduguri, Gombe na daga cikin yankunan da aka tsara hanyar za ta ratsa. A shekarar 2024, an gudanar da binciken hanya (reconnaissance survey) a sassan aikin da suka rage, ciki har da yankin Gombe, domin tattara bayanan farko game da hanyar. Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Tarayya ta bayyana cewa gudanar da wannan bincike ba yana nufin an fara aikin gini a Gombe ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Rejoinder to a Fake News: Re-“Nigeria's Transport Minister diverted $3 Billion Railway Project from South-East to Home State, Gombe for political Gain” |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/rejoinder-to-a-fake-news-nigerias-transport-minister-diverted-3-billion-railway-project-from-south-east-to-home-state-gombe-for-political-gain/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Farfaɗo da layin dogo na da muhimmanci ga Gombe saboda yana iya sauƙaƙa jigilar amfanin gona, kayayyakin masana'antu da fasinjoji zuwa sauran sassan Najeriya. Haka kuma, layin dogo mai inganci zai iya rage matsin lamba a kan manyan hanyoyin mota tare da samar da wata hanyar jigilar kaya mai araha. Duk da haka, waɗannan fa'idodi za su dogara da kammala aikin, fara gudanar da zirga-zirga da kuma ingantaccen kula da layin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Rejoinder to a Fake News: Re-“Nigeria's Transport Minister diverted $3 Billion Railway Project from South-East to Home State, Gombe for political Gain” |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/rejoinder-to-a-fake-news-nigerias-transport-minister-diverted-3-billion-railway-project-from-south-east-to-home-state-gombe-for-political-gain/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Sufuri ta mota ===

Sufuri ta mota ita ce babbar hanyar zirga-zirgar jama'a da jigilar kayayyaki a Jihar Gombe. Manyan hanyoyi suna haɗa birnin Gombe da garuruwa kamar Kumo, Kaltungo, Dukku, Bajoga da sauran yankunan jihar. Haka kuma, hanyoyin sun haɗa Gombe da jihohin makwabta, musamman Bauchi, Yobe, Borno da Adamawa. Hanyoyin suna da muhimmanci wajen jigilar amfanin gona zuwa kasuwanni da kuma sauƙaƙa zirga-zirgar ma'aikata da 'yan kasuwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State |url=https://gombestate.gov.ng/pages/history.php |website=Gombe State Government |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe Development Plan 2021–2030 |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/1007734266/Gombe-Development-Plan-2021-2030 |website=Gombe State Government development planning document |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin birnin Gombe da sauran manyan garuruwan jihar, ana amfani da motocin haya, ƙananan motocin kasuwanci, babura da kekunan hawa wajen zirga-zirgar yau da kullum. A wasu yankunan karkara, hanyoyin haɗa gonaki da ƙauyuka suna da muhimmanci wajen kai amfanin gona kasuwanni da kuma samun damar zuwa makarantu da cibiyoyin lafiya. Ingancin waɗannan hanyoyi yana shafar saurin jigilar kayayyaki da kuɗin sufuri.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe Development Plan 2021–2030 |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/1007734266/Gombe-Development-Plan-2021-2030 |website=Gombe State Government development planning document |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Sufurin jiragen sama ===

Filin Jirgin Sama na Gombe Lawanti yana cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Akko, kusa da garin Lawanti, kuma yana hidimar birnin Gombe da sauran yankunan jihar. An fara shirye-shiryen filin jirgin a shekarar 2005, sannan aka fara amfani da shi wajen zirga-zirgar jiragen sama a shekarar 2008. Filin jirgin yana ba da wata hanya ta sufuri da ke haɗa Gombe da sauran biranen Najeriya, musamman ga matafiya da ke son rage lokacin tafiya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Brigadier Zakari Maimalari Airport |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigadier_Zakari_Maimalari_Airport |website=Wikipedia |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sufurin jiragen sama na taimakawa wajen zirga-zirgar jami'an gwamnati, 'yan kasuwa, ma'aikata da sauran matafiya. Haka kuma, yana iya taimakawa wajen bunƙasa harkokin kasuwanci da saka hannun jari ta hanyar sauƙaƙa isa jihar daga nesa. Duk da haka, amfani da wannan hanyar sufuri yana dogara da samuwar jirage, jadawalin tashi da sauka da kuma kuɗin tikiti.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Brigadier Zakari Maimalari Airport |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigadier_Zakari_Maimalari_Airport |website=Wikipedia |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhimmancin sufuri ga tattalin arzikin Gombe ==

Sufuri na taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tattalin arzikin Gombe saboda jihar tana da yawan jama'ar da ke dogaro da noma, kasuwanci da ƙananan sana'o'i. Hanyoyin mota suna ba manoma damar kai amfanin gona kamar masara, gyada da auduga zuwa kasuwanni, yayin da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ke sauƙaƙa tafiye-tafiyen da suka shafi kasuwanci da gudanar da gwamnati. Farfaɗo da layin dogo zai iya ƙara hanyoyin jigilar kaya da fasinjoji idan aka kammala ayyukan da aka tsara.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State |url=https://gombestate.gov.ng/pages/history.php |website=Gombe State Government |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Rejoinder to a Fake News: Re-“Nigeria's Transport Minister diverted $3 Billion Railway Project from South-East to Home State, Gombe for political Gain” |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/rejoinder-to-a-fake-news-nigerias-transport-minister-diverted-3-billion-railway-project-from-south-east-to-home-state-gombe-for-political-gain/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kalubalen sufuri ==

Daga cikin ƙalubalen sufuri a Gombe akwai lalacewar wasu hanyoyi, tsadar gyaran ababen hawa, cunkoson ababen hawa a wasu sassan birane da kuma raguwar amfani da layin dogo. Haka kuma, rashin kyawawan hanyoyin karkara na iya jinkirta jigilar amfanin gona da rage damar samun wasu muhimman ayyuka. Magance waɗannan matsaloli na buƙatar gyaran hanyoyi, inganta sufuri na jama'a da kuma aiwatar da shirye-shiryen farfaɗo da layin dogo bisa tsari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe Development Plan 2021–2030 |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/1007734266/Gombe-Development-Plan-2021-2030 |website=Gombe State Government development planning document |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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'''Faith Mwangi-Powell''' (an haife ta a watan Yuli na shekarar 1964) babbar jami'ar gudanarwa ce daga ƙasar Kenya. Ta jagoranci ƙungiyoyi da ke aiki a fannonin kula da marasa lafiya masu fama da cututtuka masu tsanani, yaƙi da kaciya ga mata da 'yan mata (FGM), da kuma yaƙi da auren yara ƙanana. A shekarar 2019, ta zama babbar jami'ar gudanarwa (CEO) ta ƙungiyar Girls Not Brides, wadda ke yaƙi da auren yara ƙanana.

== Rayuwa ==
An haifi Mwangi-Powell a yankunan karkara na [[Kenya]] a shekarar 1964. Ta yi karatu don digiri na biyu da digiri na biyu a Burtaniya. Ph.D. ta kasance a cikin lafiyar mata da ci gaba kuma ta wallafa takardu sama da 20 da aka sake dubawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=The Open Society Foundation |title=Staff |url=http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/people/faith-mwangi-powell |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020023954/http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/people/faith-mwangi-powell |archive-date=20 October 2012 |access-date=29 May 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mwangi-Powell ita ce darektan da ya kafa kungiyar kula da marasa lafiya ta Afirka. An kafa APCA a Cape Town a shekara ta 2002 bayan masu horar da marasa lafiya na Afirka 28 sun tattauna bukatar hadin gwiwar yanki. Kungiyar ta samar da sanarwar Cape Town . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=July 7, 2004 |title=The Palliative Care Trainers Declaration of Cape Town November 13, 2002 |url=http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/109662103322144637 |journal=Journal of Palliative Medicine |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=339–340 |doi=10.1089/109662103322144637 |pmid=14509477 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 May 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 2012 lokacin da ta zama babban jami'in shirin don bayar da shawarwari a duniya tare da International Palliative Care Initiative of the Open Society Foundations . &lt;ref name=&quot;newceo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Girls Not Brides appoints new Chief Executive Officer to lead global partnership to end child marriage |url=https://www.girlsnotbrides.org/articles/girls-not-brides-appoints-new-chief-executive-officer-to-lead-global-partnership-to-end-child-marriage/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719142102/https://www.girlsnotbrides.org/articles/girls-not-brides-appoints-new-chief-executive-officer-to-lead-global-partnership-to-end-child-marriage/ |archive-date=2025-07-19 |access-date=2025-08-27 |website=Girls Not Brides |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2018 tana jagorantar Girl Generation wanda ya ƙaddamar da kamfen ɗin Ranar Zero Tolerance a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu. Ta yi imanin cewa za a iya kawo karshen kaciya &quot;a cikin ƙarni&quot; duk da yaduwar sama da 90% a Misira da Somaliya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-12-12 |title=Dr. Mwangi-Powell Leads African Anti-FGM Initiative, Believes the Practice Can be Stopped in One Generation - AHA Foundation |url=https://www.theahafoundation.org/dr-mwangi-powell-leads-african-anti-fgm-initiative-believes-horrific-practice-can-stopped-one-generation/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250523021037/https://www.theahafoundation.org/dr-mwangi-powell-leads-african-anti-fgm-initiative-believes-horrific-practice-can-stopped-one-generation/ |archive-date=2025-05-23 |access-date=2025-08-28 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2019 ta zama Babban Darakta na Girls Not Brides wanda shine haɗin gwiwar duniya don kawo karshen auren yara. &lt;ref name=&quot;newceo&quot; /&gt;

Hudu daga cikin mata 100 na BBC na 2023 waɗanda suka damu game da ilimin 'yan mata a Malawi; Michelle Obama, Melinda French Gates, [[Amal Clooney]] da Ulanda Mtamba sun ziyarci makarantar sakandare ta Malawi a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2023.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc4women&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chitete |first=Suzgo |date=2023-11-16 |title=Michelle Obama, others inspire Malawian girls |url=https://mwnation.com/michelle-obama-others-inspire-malawian-girls/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128182734/https://mwnation.com/michelle-obama-others-inspire-malawian-girls/ |archive-date=2023-11-28 |access-date=2023-11-28 |website=The Nation Online |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan hudu sun ci gaba da zuwa wani taro a Afirka ta Kudu karkashin jagorancin tsohon Uwargidan Shugaban Afirka ta Kudu da Mozambique Graça Machel. Hudu, wakilan Kungiyar Lauyoyi ta Mata ta Malawi da Mwangi-Powell a matsayin Shugaba na Girls Not Brides sun tattauna ziyararsu da matsalar auren yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Michelle Obama, Melinda French Gates, and Amal Clooney Convene Leaders Committed to Eradicating Child Marriage and Empowering Adolescent Girls |url=https://www.glamour.co.za/lifestyle/michelle-obama-melinda-french-gates-and-amal-clooney-convene-leaders-committed-to-eradicating-child-marriage-and-empowering-adolescent-girls-540d529d-3ca0-4442-b708-ce652a76f650 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250426012553/https://www.glamour.co.za/lifestyle/michelle-obama-melinda-french-gates-and-amal-clooney-convene-leaders-committed-to-eradicating-child-marriage-and-empowering-adolescent-girls-540d529d-3ca0-4442-b708-ce652a76f650 |archive-date=2025-04-26 |access-date=2025-08-27 |website=www.glamour.co.za |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

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{{Databox}}

'''Faith Mwangi-Powell''' (an haife ta a watan Yuli na shekarar 1964) babbar jami'ar gudanarwa ce daga ƙasar Kenya. Ta jagoranci ƙungiyoyi da ke aiki a fannonin kula da marasa lafiya masu fama da cututtuka masu tsanani, yaƙi da kaciya ga mata da 'yan mata (FGM), da kuma yaƙi da auren yara ƙanana. A shekarar 2019, ta zama babbar jami'ar gudanarwa (CEO) ta ƙungiyar Girls Not Brides, wadda ke yaƙi da auren yara ƙanana.

== Rayuwa ==
An haifi Mwangi-Powell a yankunan karkara na [[Kenya]] a shekarar 1964. Ta yi karatu don digiri na biyu da digiri na biyu a Burtaniya. Ph.D. ta kasance a cikin lafiyar mata da ci gaba kuma ta wallafa takardu sama da 20 da aka sake dubawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=The Open Society Foundation |title=Staff |url=http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/people/faith-mwangi-powell |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020023954/http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/people/faith-mwangi-powell |archive-date=20 October 2012 |access-date=29 May 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mwangi-Powell ita ce darektan da ya kafa kungiyar kula da marasa lafiya ta Afirka. An kafa APCA a Cape Town a shekara ta 2002 bayan masu horar da marasa lafiya na Afirka 28 sun tattauna bukatar hadin gwiwar yanki. Kungiyar ta samar da sanarwar Cape Town . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=July 7, 2004 |title=The Palliative Care Trainers Declaration of Cape Town November 13, 2002 |url=http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/109662103322144637 |journal=Journal of Palliative Medicine |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=339–340 |doi=10.1089/109662103322144637 |pmid=14509477 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 May 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 2012 lokacin da ta zama babban jami'in shirin don bayar da shawarwari a duniya tare da International Palliative Care Initiative of the Open Society Foundations . &lt;ref name=&quot;newceo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Girls Not Brides appoints new Chief Executive Officer to lead global partnership to end child marriage |url=https://www.girlsnotbrides.org/articles/girls-not-brides-appoints-new-chief-executive-officer-to-lead-global-partnership-to-end-child-marriage/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719142102/https://www.girlsnotbrides.org/articles/girls-not-brides-appoints-new-chief-executive-officer-to-lead-global-partnership-to-end-child-marriage/ |archive-date=2025-07-19 |access-date=2025-08-27 |website=Girls Not Brides |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2018 tana jagorantar Girl Generation wanda ya ƙaddamar da kamfen ɗin Ranar Zero Tolerance a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu. Ta yi imanin cewa za a iya kawo karshen kaciya &quot;a cikin ƙarni&quot; duk da yaduwar sama da 90% a Misira da Somaliya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-12-12 |title=Dr. Mwangi-Powell Leads African Anti-FGM Initiative, Believes the Practice Can be Stopped in One Generation - AHA Foundation |url=https://www.theahafoundation.org/dr-mwangi-powell-leads-african-anti-fgm-initiative-believes-horrific-practice-can-stopped-one-generation/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250523021037/https://www.theahafoundation.org/dr-mwangi-powell-leads-african-anti-fgm-initiative-believes-horrific-practice-can-stopped-one-generation/ |archive-date=2025-05-23 |access-date=2025-08-28 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin 2019 ta zama Babban Darakta na Girls Not Brides wanda shine haɗin gwiwar duniya don kawo karshen auren yara. &lt;ref name=&quot;newceo&quot; /&gt;

Hudu daga cikin mata 100 na BBC na 2023 waɗanda suka damu game da ilimin 'yan mata a Malawi; Michelle Obama, Melinda French Gates, [[Amal Clooney]] da Ulanda Mtamba sun ziyarci makarantar sakandare ta Malawi a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2023.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc4women&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chitete |first=Suzgo |date=2023-11-16 |title=Michelle Obama, others inspire Malawian girls |url=https://mwnation.com/michelle-obama-others-inspire-malawian-girls/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128182734/https://mwnation.com/michelle-obama-others-inspire-malawian-girls/ |archive-date=2023-11-28 |access-date=2023-11-28 |website=The Nation Online |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wadannan hudu sun ci gaba da zuwa wani taro a Afirka ta Kudu karkashin jagorancin tsohon Uwargidan Shugaban Afirka ta Kudu da Mozambique Graça Machel. Hudu, wakilan Kungiyar Lauyoyi ta Mata ta Malawi da Mwangi-Powell a matsayin Shugaba na Girls Not Brides sun tattauna ziyararsu da matsalar auren yara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Michelle Obama, Melinda French Gates, and Amal Clooney Convene Leaders Committed to Eradicating Child Marriage and Empowering Adolescent Girls |url=https://www.glamour.co.za/lifestyle/michelle-obama-melinda-french-gates-and-amal-clooney-convene-leaders-committed-to-eradicating-child-marriage-and-empowering-adolescent-girls-540d529d-3ca0-4442-b708-ce652a76f650 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250426012553/https://www.glamour.co.za/lifestyle/michelle-obama-melinda-french-gates-and-amal-clooney-convene-leaders-committed-to-eradicating-child-marriage-and-empowering-adolescent-girls-540d529d-3ca0-4442-b708-ce652a76f650 |archive-date=2025-04-26 |access-date=2025-08-27 |website=www.glamour.co.za |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

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      <comment>Sabon shafi: '''Tarihin samar da tubali da siminti a Ashaka''' wani bangare ne na tarihin bunƙasa masana'antu da samar da kayan gini a Jihar Gombe, Najeriya. Babbar masana'antar siminti da ke Ashaka ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da siminti ga ayyukan gine-gine a Arewa maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kamfanin ya fara samar da siminti a shekarar 1979, bayan an kafa shi a shekarar 1974. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ashaka Cement |url=https://www.bpe.gov.ng/transaction/ashaka-cement/ |website=Bureau o...</comment>
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      <text bytes="8133" sha1="nrmibywo75mq1d4q9d7zfefp2zy9n24" xml:space="preserve">'''Tarihin samar da tubali da siminti a Ashaka''' wani bangare ne na tarihin bunƙasa masana'antu da samar da kayan gini a Jihar Gombe, Najeriya. Babbar masana'antar siminti da ke Ashaka ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da siminti ga ayyukan gine-gine a Arewa maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kamfanin ya fara samar da siminti a shekarar 1979, bayan an kafa shi a shekarar 1974. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ashaka Cement |url=https://www.bpe.gov.ng/transaction/ashaka-cement/ |website=Bureau of Public Enterprises}}&lt;/ref&gt;


== Tarihin kafuwar masana'antar ==

An kafa kamfanin Ashaka Cement a ranar 7 ga Agusta, 1974, domin samar da siminti da tallafa wa bunƙasar masana'antar gine-gine a Najeriya. An kafa kamfanin ne ta haɗin gwiwar Nigerian Industrial Development Bank (NIDB), Nigerian Bank for Commerce and Industry (NBCI), Northern Nigeria Investment Limited (NNIL), Ma'aikatar Masana'antu ta Tarayya da gwamnatin tsohuwar Jihar Arewa maso Gabas. A lokacin, wannan jiha ta ƙunshi yankunan da daga baya suka zama jihohin Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba da Yobe. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ashaka Cement |url=https://www.bpe.gov.ng/transaction/ashaka-cement/ |website=Bureau of Public Enterprises}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamfanin ya fara gudanar da samar da siminti a watan Satumba na shekarar 1979. Wannan ya zama wani muhimmin mataki wajen samar da kayan gini a yankin Arewa maso Gabashin Najeriya, inda buƙatar siminti ke da alaƙa da gine-ginen gidaje, hanyoyi da sauran ababen more rayuwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lafarge Africa Plc at a Glance |url=https://www.lafarge.com.ng/lafarge-africa-plc-a-glance |website=Lafarge Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Samar da siminti a Ashaka ==

Masana'antar Ashaka tana amfani da albarkatun ƙasa kamar farar ƙasa (limestone) wajen samar da siminti. Ana sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa, a niƙa su, sannan a sarrafa su ta hanyar zafi a cikin tanderun masana'antu domin samar da clinker, wanda ake sake niƙawa tare da wasu sinadarai domin samun siminti. Wannan tsarin masana'antu yana buƙatar ingantattun injuna, makamashi da kula da ingancin samfurin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lafarge Africa Plc at a Glance |url=https://www.lafarge.com.ng/lafarge-africa-plc-a-glance |website=Lafarge Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarun farko na ayyukanta, masana'antar ta fuskanci ƙalubalen samar da isasshen makamashi da rage kuɗin gudanar da aiki. A shekarar 2009, kamfanin ya ƙaddamar da aikin haƙar kwal a Maiganga domin amfani da kwal a matsayin makamashin kunna tanderun samar da siminti. Aikin ya taimaka wajen rage dogaro da man fetur mai nauyi da sauran hanyoyin makamashi masu tsada. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Surging operational expense, high energy costs stifles Ashaka Cement's growth |url=https://businessday.ng/companies/article/surging-operational-expense-high-energy-costs-stifles-ashaka-cements-growth/ |work=BusinessDay}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Haɓaka samarwa da fasahar masana'antu ==

A shekarar 2012, kamfanin ya bayyana shirinsa na ƙara ƙarfin samar da siminti da tan 300,000 a shekara, daga ƙarfin samarwa na tan miliyan ɗaya zuwa tan miliyan 1.3. Wannan shiri ya zo ne a daidai lokacin da masana'antun siminti a Najeriya ke ƙoƙarin ƙara samarwa domin biyan buƙatar kasuwar cikin gida. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Nigeria: AshakaCem to boost cement capacity by 0.3Mta |url=https://www.cemnet.com/News/story/148947/nigeria-ashakacem-to-boost-cement-capacity-by-0-3mta.html |date=13 February 2012 |work=International Cement Review}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Fabrairun 2019, an ruwaito cewa kamfanin ya shirya ƙaddamar da tashar samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin megawatt 16. An ce aikin, wanda aka fara a shekarar 2017, ya ci kusan naira biliyan 11. Manufarsa ita ce inganta samar da wutar lantarki ga masana'antar, rage kuɗin makamashi da ƙara ingancin aikin injuna. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Ashaka Cement to inaugurate N11bn 16MW power plant |url=https://guardian.ng/business-services/ashaka-cement-to-inaugurate-n11bn-16mw-power-plant/ |date=13 February 2019 |work=The Guardian Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nau'o'in siminti ==

Ashaka Cement ta samar da siminti mai nau'in 32.5, wanda ake amfani da shi wajen ayyukan gine-gine iri-iri, da nau'in 42.5, wanda ya dace da ayyukan da ke buƙatar siminti mai ƙarfi. Waɗannan nau'o'in suna da amfani wajen gine-ginen gidaje, gadoji, gine-ginen kasuwanci da sauran ayyukan samar da ababen more rayuwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Lafarge Africa Plc at a Glance |url=https://www.lafarge.com.ng/lafarge-africa-plc-a-glance |website=Lafarge Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sauye-sauyen mallaka da gudanarwa ==

A watan Maris na shekarar 2001, an mayar da Ashaka Cement cikin tsarin kamfanonin da aka mayar wa hannun jari ta hanyar sayar da kaso ga babban mai zuba jari da kuma jama'a. Kamfanin Blue Circle Industries ya samu kashi 50 cikin 100 na hannun jarin da aka ware wa babban mai zuba jari, yayin da sauran kashi 50 cikin 100 suka kasance hannun jama'a da masu zuba jari a Najeriya. Daga baya, sauye-sauyen mallakar kamfanonin siminti na ƙasa da ƙasa sun sa Ashaka Cement ta shiga ƙarƙashin tsarin ƙungiyar Lafarge. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ashaka Cement |url=https://www.bpe.gov.ng/transaction/ashaka-cement/ |website=Bureau of Public Enterprises}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2018, AshakaCem ta zama reshen Lafarge Africa Plc. A watan Yunin 2026, an sanar da sauya sunan Lafarge Africa Plc zuwa HBM Nigeria Plc, bayan sauye-sauyen mallaka da suka shafi Huaxin Building Materials. Wannan ya nuna wani sabon mataki a tarihin gudanarwar kamfanin da masana'antar Ashaka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Cement maker Lafarge Africa renamed HBM Nigeria Plc |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/business/business-news/890257-cement-maker-lafarge-africa-renamed-hbm-nigeria-plc.html |date=24 June 2026 |work=Premium Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tasirin masana'antar ga tattalin arzikin yankin ==

Masana'antar siminti ta Ashaka tana taimakawa wajen samar da ayyukan yi kai tsaye ga ma'aikata da kuma ayyukan yi a fannin sufuri, haƙar ma'adinai, sayar da kayayyaki da sauran ayyukan da ke da alaƙa da masana'antar. Haka kuma, samar da siminti a yankin yana taimaka wa masu gini da 'yan kasuwa samun kayan gini don ayyukansu. Kamfanin ya kuma gudanar da wasu shirye-shiryen tallafa wa al'ummomin da ke kusa da masana'antar, ciki har da ayyukan wutar lantarki, ruwa da ilimi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How AshakaCem electricity project transformed Badabdi village |url=https://www.lafarge.com.ng/human-angle-story |website=Lafarge Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙalubalen muhalli da al'umma ==

Duk da gudummawar masana'antar ga tattalin arziki, ayyukan haƙar kwal da masana'antar siminti sun jawo damuwa game da muhalli da lafiyar al'ummomin da ke kusa da wuraren haƙar ma'adinai. A shekarar 2016, jaridar International Centre for Investigative Reporting (ICIR) ta wallafa rahoto kan korafe-korafen mazauna Maiganga da wasu ƙauyukan makwabta game da matsalolin muhalli da suka danganta da ayyukan haƙar kwal. Rahoton ya kuma bayyana cewa kamfanin ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar bunƙasa al'umma da masu ruwa da tsaki. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Cement Plant Reaches Truce With Host Community Over Environmental Degradation |url=https://www.icirnigeria.org/cement-plant-reaches-truce-with-host-community-over-environmental-degradation/ |date=15 December 2016 |work=International Centre for Investigative Reporting}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shirye-shiryen faɗaɗa masana'antar ==

A watan Fabrairun 2026, Lafarge Africa Plc ta sanar da shirin faɗaɗa masana'antar Ashaka domin ƙara ƙarfin samar da siminti zuwa tan miliyan biyu a shekara bayan kammala aikin. An bayyana cewa wannan faɗaɗa zai taimaka wajen ƙara samar da siminti, inganta wadatar kayan gini da tallafa wa ayyukan more rayuwa a Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Expansion Plans at Lafarge Africa Plc's Ashaka and Sagamu Cement Plants |url=https://doclib.ngxgroup.com/Financial_NewsDocs/45973_LAFARGE_AFRICA_PLC.-ANNOUNCEMENT_ON_EXPANSION_PROJECTS_CORPORATE_ACTIONS_FEBRUARY_2026.pdf |date=4 February 2026 |website=Nigerian Exchange}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Ashaka]]
* [[Siminti]]
* [[Haƙar ma'adinai a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Tattalin arzikin Jihar Gombe]]

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Portreeve</title>
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        <id>48956</id>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353047509|Portreeve]]&quot;</comment>
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A portreeve (Tsohon Turanci: , wani lokacin ana rubuta shi ''''''tashar jiragen ruwa''''''-reeve) ko mai kula da tashar jiragen kasa shine taken wani jami'in tarihi a Ingila da Wales wanda ke da iko (na siyasa, na gudanarwa, ko na kasafin kudi) a kan gari. Bayanan ofishin sun canza kuma sun samo asali sosai a tsawon lokaci. Kalmar ta samo asali ne daga kalmar ''tashar jiragen ruwa'' (wanda a tarihi yana nufin gari mai kasuwa ko gari mai garu, kuma ba musamman tashar jiragen sama ba); da kuma kalmar ''reeve'', ma'ana babban jami'in kulawa.&lt;ref&gt;{{oed|portreeve, n.}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Asalin wannan muƙami ya samo asali ne tun lokacin mulkin Edward the Elder (kimanin shekara ta 874 zuwa 17 ga Yuli, 924). Domin tabbatar da cewa ana karɓar haraji yadda ya kamata, ya hana gudanar da kasuwanci a wajen wani wuri da aka amince da shi don yin ciniki, wanda ake kira port (wurin ciniki ko tashar jiragen ruwa). Haka kuma, an hana yin kasuwanci ba tare da sa ido na wani jami’i mai suna Portreeve ko wani amintaccen mutum ba.

A wancan lokaci, saboda haka, aikin wannan jami’i shi ne sa ido kan karɓar haraji da kuɗaɗen gwamnati, kamar yadda jami’an kwastam da masu kula da kuɗaɗen shiga na gwamnati suke yi a zamanin yau.&lt;ref&gt;Stow, John (1842) ''A Survey of London'', pp. 185–86; Stowe, John (1880). ''Three Fifteenth-century Chronicles''. J.B. Nichols and Sons, p.31.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[James Tait (historian)|Tait, James]] (1936) ''The Medieval English Borough''. Manchester University Press, pp. 168–69.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Davy, Sir Humphry (1827) ''A Chronicle of London, From 1089 to 1483''. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Greene, p. 2.&lt;/ref&gt;

A ƙarshen Zamanin Tsakiya, portreeves sun yi aiki a matsayin wakilan mutane don tabbatar da cewa an cika ayyukansu ga magajin gari da al'umma. A wasu lokuta (kuma yawanci kwanan nan) an haɗa rawar tare da na magajin gari. Portreeves na iya yin aiki a matsayin jami'in dawowa a zabe.

Garuruwan Burtaniya na zamani waɗanda har yanzu suna da ko suna da tashar jiragen ruwa sun haɗa da Aberavon, Glamorgan; Laugharne, Carmarthenshire; Ashburton, Devon (birni ɗaya kawai a cikin ƙasar inda Dokar Gudanar da Shari'a ta 1977 ta keɓe ofishin daga sokewa); Kingsbridge, Devon; Beccles, Suffolk; Callington, Cornwall (inda aka ba da sunan ga shugaban majalisa); &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Portreeve |url=http://www.callington-tc.gov.uk/portreeve/ |access-date=22 June 2017 |website=Callington Town Council}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Yeovil, Somerset.

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
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    <title>Haƙar ma'adinai a Jihar Gombe</title>
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      <comment>Sabon shafi:   '''Haƙar ma'adinai a Jihar Gombe''' wani ɓangare ne na ayyukan tattalin arziki da ke da alaƙa da albarkatun ƙasa a [[Jihar Gombe]], arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar tana da nau'o'in ma'adinan da za a iya amfani da su wajen masana'antu, gine-gine da sauran ayyukan samar da kayayyaki. Daga cikin ma'adinan da aka bayyana a matsayin albarkatun jihar akwai farar ƙasa, gypsum, yumɓu, kwal, kaolin da yashin silica. Duk da kasancewar waɗannan albarkatu, ana buƙatar ƙa...</comment>
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'''Haƙar ma'adinai a Jihar Gombe''' wani ɓangare ne na ayyukan tattalin arziki da ke da alaƙa da albarkatun ƙasa a [[Jihar Gombe]], arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar tana da nau'o'in ma'adinan da za a iya amfani da su wajen masana'antu, gine-gine da sauran ayyukan samar da kayayyaki. Daga cikin ma'adinan da aka bayyana a matsayin albarkatun jihar akwai farar ƙasa, gypsum, yumɓu, kwal, kaolin da yashin silica. Duk da kasancewar waɗannan albarkatu, ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike, jarin masana'antu da ingantattun bayanan ƙasa domin tabbatar da yawan ma'adinan da za a iya haƙa su ta hanyar kasuwanci. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State MTEF 2023–2025 Document |url=https://mof.gm.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/GOMBE-STATE-MTEF-2023-2025-DOCUMENT.pdf |website=Gombe State Government |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi da bunƙasar haƙar ma'adinai ==

Albarkatun ma'adinai na Jihar Gombe suna da alaƙa da yanayin ƙasarta da tsarin duwatsu da suka samar da ma'adinai iri-iri. Haƙar ma'adinai da sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa suna da damar samar da ayyukan yi, ƙarfafa masana'antu da faɗaɗa hanyoyin samun kuɗaɗen shiga. Duk da haka, ba duk ma'adinan da aka gano a jihar ake haƙa su a manyan ma'aunin masana'antu ba. Hukumar Nazarin Ƙasa ta Najeriya tana tattara bayanan kimiyyar ƙasa da na ma'adinai domin taimakawa wajen tantance wuraren da suka dace da bincike da zuba jari. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Mineral Exploration &amp; Evaluation |url=https://ngsa.gov.ng/mineral-exploration-evaluation/ |website=Nigeria Geological Survey Agency |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Janairun 2026, jaridar *The Sun* ta wallafa rahoto kan albarkatun ma'adinai na Gombe, inda ta bayyana cewa duk da yawan ma'adinan da ake dangantawa da jihar, har yanzu akwai gibi tsakanin damar da albarkatun ke bayarwa da matakin bunƙasar masana'antun sarrafa ma'adinai. Rahoton ya jaddada muhimmancin zuba jari da samar da masana'antun da za su sarrafa albarkatun cikin gida maimakon dogaro da sayar da su ba tare da sarrafawa ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Mungadi |first=Abdulrazaq |title=Rich in minerals, poor in exploitation |url=https://thesun.ng/rich-in-minerals-poor-in-exploitation/ |work=The Sun |date=8 January 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manyan ma'adinan da ake samu a jihar ==

=== Farar ƙasa ===

Farar ƙasa (limestone) na daga cikin muhimman albarkatun ma'adinai na Jihar Gombe. Ana amfani da ita wajen samar da siminti da sauran kayayyakin gini. Samuwarta ta taimaka wajen kafa masana'antar siminti ta Ashaka, wadda ke yankin Ashaka a Ƙaramar Hukumar Funakaye. Hukumar Kula da Zuba Jari ta Najeriya ta kuma bayyana farar ƙasa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin muhimman albarkatun ma'adinai da ke ba Gombe damar bunƙasa masana'antun sarrafa ma'adinai. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Living-Stone Cement |url=https://bpe.gov.ng/staging/transaction/living-stone/ |website=Bureau of Public Enterprises |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gypsum ===

Gypsum wani ma'adini ne da ake amfani da shi wajen samar da siminti da wasu kayayyakin gini. A Jihar Gombe, akwai albarkatun gypsum da ake dangantawa da Ƙaramar Hukumar Funakaye, musamman yankin Ashaka. A watan Mayun 2026, Majalisar Bincike da Bunƙasa Kayayyakin Ƙasa ta Najeriya (RMRDC) ta gudanar da ziyarar tantance albarkatun gypsum a yankin Ashaka domin duba samfurori da damar bunƙasa sarrafa ma'adinin. Wannan aiki ya nuna cewa akwai ƙoƙarin tantance damar amfani da gypsum wajen masana'antu da jawo masu zuba jari. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=RMRDC Explores Ashaka Gypsum Cluster to Boost Katsina’s Mineral Investment Drive |url=https://360.rmrdc.gov.ng/rmrdc-explores-ashaka-gypsum-cluster-to-boost-katsinas-mineral-investment-drive/ |work=Raw Materials 360 |date=21 May 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yumɓu ===

Yumɓu (clay) na daga cikin albarkatun ƙasa da aka lissafa a cikin bayanan albarkatun ma'adinai na Jihar Gombe. Ana iya amfani da wasu nau'o'in yumɓu wajen ƙera tubali, tukwane, tayal da sauran kayayyakin gini, gwargwadon ingancinsa da halayensa na kimiyya. Duk da haka, domin tabbatar da dacewar yumɓun wani yanki da wata masana'anta, ana buƙatar binciken samfurori da gwaje-gwajen ƙasa. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Mineral Exploration &amp; Evaluation |url=https://ngsa.gov.ng/mineral-exploration-evaluation/ |website=Nigeria Geological Survey Agency |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kwal ===

Kwal (coal) na daga cikin ma'adinan da aka lissafa a bayanan albarkatun ƙasa na Jihar Gombe. Ana amfani da kwal a matsayin makamashi a wasu ƙasashe da masana'antu, amma amfani da shi yana buƙatar tantance inganci, yawan ajiyarsa da tasirin da haƙarsa za ta iya yi ga muhalli. Samun kwal a cikin jerin albarkatun jihar ba ya nufin cewa an tabbatar da manyan ma'adanan kasuwanci a kowane yanki ko cewa ana haƙa shi a babban ma'aunin masana'antu. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=National Mineral Occurrence Database |url=https://ngsa.gov.ng/database/ |website=Nigeria Geological Survey Agency |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kaolin ===

Kaolin wani nau'in yumɓu ne mai amfani a masana'antun takarda, tukwane, fenti da sauran kayayyaki, gwargwadon ingancinsa. An lissafa shi cikin albarkatun ma'adinai na Jihar Gombe. Haɓaka wannan albarkatu na buƙatar cikakken bincike kan wuraren da yake, ingancin sa, yawan ajiyarsa da yiwuwar kafa masana'antun sarrafawa a kusa da wuraren da ake samun sa. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=G</text>
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        <id>45024</id>
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      <comment>Sabon shafi:   '''Tattalin arzikin Jihar Gombe''' ya ta'allaka ne kan noma, kiwo, kasuwanci, masana'antu, haƙar ma'adinai da ayyukan hidima. Jihar tana arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, kuma babban birninta, [[Gombe]], yana da muhimmiyar rawa wajen gudanar da kasuwanci da rarraba kayayyaki zuwa sassan yankin Arewa maso Gabas. Albarkatun noma, kasancewar jihar a mahadar hanyoyin sufuri da kuma damar sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa sun sa ta zama ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ake da damar bunƙasa kasuwa...</comment>
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'''Tattalin arzikin Jihar Gombe''' ya ta'allaka ne kan noma, kiwo, kasuwanci, masana'antu, haƙar ma'adinai da ayyukan hidima. Jihar tana arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, kuma babban birninta, [[Gombe]], yana da muhimmiyar rawa wajen gudanar da kasuwanci da rarraba kayayyaki zuwa sassan yankin Arewa maso Gabas. Albarkatun noma, kasancewar jihar a mahadar hanyoyin sufuri da kuma damar sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa sun sa ta zama ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ake da damar bunƙasa kasuwanci da masana'antu a yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tattalin arzikin jihar yana samun gudummawa daga ayyukan ƙananan manoma, masu kiwo, 'yan kasuwa, masu sana'o'i, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da ma'aikatan gwamnati. Duk da kasancewar noma muhimmin ginshiƙi, bunƙasar tattalin arzikin jihar tana kuma da alaƙa da inganta hanyoyin sufuri, samun wutar lantarki, samar da kasuwanni da faɗaɗa masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin da ake samarwa a cikin jihar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=How relative peace boosts agriculture production in Gombe |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/how-relative-peace-boosts-agriculture-production-in-gombe/ |work=The Nation |date=13 December 2022 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noma ==

Noma na daga cikin manyan ginshiƙan tattalin arzikin Jihar Gombe, kuma yana samar da abinci, albarkatun masana'antu da hanyoyin samun kuɗin shiga ga mazauna birane da karkara. Ana noma hatsi, wake-wake, kayan lambu da wasu amfanin gona na kasuwanci. Muhimman amfanin gonar jihar sun haɗa da masara, dawa, gero, gyada, shinkafa, wake, auduga da tumatir. Noman waɗannan amfanin gona yana taimakawa wajen samar da abinci da kayayyakin da ake sayarwa a kasuwannin cikin gida da na sauran jihohi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 7 ga Yuli 2026, jaridar *The Punch* ta ruwaito cewa manoma ƙanana 5,642 a Jihar Gombe sun amfana da tallafin kayan aikin noma na gwamnatin tarayya domin noman damina ta shekarar 2026. Tallafin ya haɗa da takin zamani da sauran kayayyakin noma, tare da manufar ƙara yawan amfanin gona da inganta damar manoma na samun kayan aikin da suke buƙata. Wannan ya nuna muhimmancin tallafin noma wajen rage kuɗin samarwa da ƙarfafa samar da abinci. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=FG provides inputs to 5,642 Gombe farmers |url=https://punchng.com/fg-provides-inputs-to-5642-gombe-farmers/ |work=The Punch |date=7 July 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Takin zamani da tallafin manoma ===

Kuɗin da ake kashewa wajen sayen taki, iri, magungunan amfanin gona da hayar kayan aiki na iya rage ribar manoma. A watan Yunin 2026, gwamnatin Jihar Gombe ta sanar da sayen tan 12,000 na takin NPK domin rabawa manoma a lokacin damina. An bayyana cewa za a sayar da buhun taki mai nauyin kilogram 50 a kan naira 32,000 bayan rage farashinsa da kashi 50 cikin ɗari daga farashin sayensa da gwamnati ta bayyana. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe slashes fertiliser prices by 50%, to sell at ₦32,000 per bag |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-slashes-fertiliser-prices-by-50-to-sell-at-%E2%82%A632000-per-bag/ |work=The Punch |date=23 June 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Noman kayan lambu ===

Noman tumatir, barkono da sauran kayan lambu yana daga cikin ayyukan noma da ke samar da kuɗin shiga ga manoma a Jihar Gombe. A ranar 24 ga Yuni 2026, jaridar *Independent* ta ruwaito cewa Hukumar Bunƙasa Ƙasar Noma ta Ƙasa (NALDA) ta buɗe kasuwar kayan lambu a Ƙaramar Hukumar Yamaltu-Deba domin inganta sayar da amfanin gona da rage asarar kayayyakin da suka lalace bayan girbi. An kuma bayyana shirye-shiryen noman kayan lambu a Cham, Talasse da Tudu, tare da tallafawa manoma mata da kayan noma da tsarin ban ruwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Esho |first=Bolu-Olu |title=NALDA Commissions Gombe Vegetable Market To Boost Farmers’ Sales |url=https://independent.ng/nalda-commissions-gombe-vegetable-market-to-boost-farmers-sales/ |work=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |date=24 June 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kiwo ==

Kiwo yana da muhimmiyar rawa a tattalin arzikin Jihar Gombe. Ana kiwon shanu, tumaki, awaki da kaji domin samar da nama, madara, ƙwai da fata. Harkar kiwo tana samar da hanyoyin samun kuɗin shiga ga makiyaya, masu sayar da dabbobi, mahauta, masu jigilar dabbobi da masu sayar da kayan abinci. Haka kuma, kasuwancin dabbobi yana haɗa jihar da sauran kasuwannin yankin Arewa maso Gabas. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Fabrairun 2026, jaridar *New Telegraph* ta ruwaito cewa Majalisar Zartarwa ta Jihar Gombe ta amince da ware naira biliyan 56 domin gina yankin bunƙasa noma da kiwo mai faɗin hekta 184. An bayyana cewa aikin zai ƙunshi mahautar zamani, kasuwar dabbobi da ta hatsi ta ƙasa da ƙasa, tashar jigilar kaya ta cikin ƙasa da masana'antar sarrafa fata. Idan aka aiwatar da waɗannan ayyuka yadda ya kamata, za su iya ƙarfafa sarrafa dabbobi da amfanin gona da samar da ƙarin ayyukan yi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Shuiabu |first=Nasir |title=Gombe SEC Approves N56bn Agro-Livestock Zone, Roads, Water Projects |url=https://newtelegraphng.com/gombe-sec-approves-n56bn-agro-livestock-zone-roads-water-projects/ |work=New Telegraph |date=28 February 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kasuwanci da sufuri ==

Jihar Gombe tana da muhimmiyar rawar kasuwanci a yankin Arewa maso Gabas saboda matsayinta a mahadar hanyoyin da ke haɗa jihohi da dama. Birnin Gombe yana zama cibiyar sayar da kayayyaki, dillanci, jigilar amfanin gona da rarraba kayayyakin masana'antu. Kasuwanni suna taimakawa wajen haɗa manoma da masu saye, yayin da masu sufuri da dillalai ke kai kayayyaki zuwa sauran birane da ƙauyuka. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hanyoyin sufuri suna da muhimmanci wajen rage kuɗin jigilar kayayyaki da saurin kai amfanin gona kasuwa. A lokacin girbi, jinkirin sufuri ko rashin wuraren adana kayayyaki na iya haifar da lalacewar amfanin gona da rage ribar manoma. Saboda haka, inganta hanyoyi, kasuwannin hatsi, wuraren ajiya da hanyoyin sarrafa kayayyaki na daga cikin abubuwan da za su iya ƙarfafa tattalin arzikin jihar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Gombe Government Prioritises Infrastructure, Agriculture in 2026 Budget |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-government-prioritises-infrastructure-agriculture-in-2026-budget/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=19 November 2025 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Masana'antu ==

Masana'antu suna taka rawa wajen sauya albarkatun ƙasa zuwa kayayyakin da ake amfani da su a cikin gida da wajen jihar. A Jihar Gombe, wannan fanni ya haɗa da samar da siminti, sarrafa kayayyakin noma, samar da kayan gini da sauran ƙananan masana'antu. Bunƙasar masana'antu na iya ƙara darajar amfanin gona da ma'adinai, samar da ayyukan yi da rage dogaro da sayar da albarkatu ba tare da sarrafa su ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Masana'antar siminti ta Ashaka ===

Masana'antar siminti ta Ashaka, wadda take yankin Ashaka a Ƙaramar Hukumar Funakaye, tana daga cikin muhimman masana'antun jihar. Tana amfani da albarkatun ƙasa kamar farar ƙasa wajen samar da siminti da ake amfani da shi a ayyukan gine-gine. Kasancewar irin wannan masana'anta a jihar yana taimakawa wajen haɗa haƙar ma'adinai da ayyukan masana'antu, sufuri, kasuwanci da aikin gine-gine. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Living-Stone Cement |url=https://bpe.gov.ng/staging/transaction/living-stone/ |website=Bureau of Public Enterprises |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Muhammadu Buhari Industrial Park ===

Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe ta ɗauki bunƙasa yankin masana'antu na Muhammadu Buhari Industrial Park a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirinta na jawo masu zuba jari da faɗaɗa ayyukan masana'antu. A watan Nuwamban 2025, Voice of Nigeria ta ruwaito cewa jami'an gwamnati sun bayyana cewa kamfanoni shida suna aiki a yankin, inda aka ce an kashe naira biliyan 27 a aikin zuwa lokacin rahoton. An kuma bayyana cewa kasuwar hatsi ta ƙasa da ƙasa na daga cikin ayyukan da ake son bunƙasawa domin tallafa wa noma da kasuwanci. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Gombe Government Prioritises Infrastructure, Agriculture in 2026 Budget |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-government-prioritises-infrastructure-agriculture-in-2026-budget/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=19 November 2025 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Disamban 2025, jaridar *The Guardian* ta ruwaito cewa jihar ta samu sabbin ayyukan zuba jari guda biyar a fannoni da suka haɗa da masana'antar fenti da kayan tsafta, sarrafa man gyada, samar da abincin kaji, haɗa taki da sarrafa sinadaran noma, da sarrafa shinkafa. Waɗannan ayyukan sun nuna yadda sarrafa albarkatun noma da samar da kayayyakin masana'antu za su iya taimakawa wajen faɗaɗa tattalin arzikin jihar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Falaju |first=Joke |title=Gombe boosts investors’ confidence, secures five new investments |url=https://guardian.ng/news/gombe-state-boosts-investors-confidence-secures-five-new-investments/ |work=The Guardian |date=30 December 2025 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Haƙar ma'adinai ==

Jihar Gombe tana da albarkatun ma'adinai da suka haɗa da farar ƙasa, gypsum, yumɓu, kaolin, kwal da yashin silica. Waɗannan albarkatu na iya taimakawa wajen samar da kayayyakin gini da wasu kayayyakin masana'antu. Duk da haka, samun ma'adini a ƙasa ba yana nufin cewa ana haƙa shi a babban ma'aunin kasuwanci ba; ana buƙatar bincike kan adadinsa, ingancinsa da yiwuwar sarrafa shi cikin riba. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Farar ƙasa da gypsum suna da muhimmanci musamman saboda amfani da su wajen samar da siminti da kayayyakin gini. Bunƙasa wannan fanni na buƙatar ingantaccen binciken ƙasa, jarin masana'antu, kayan aiki da bin ƙa'idojin kare muhalli. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Makamashi da albarkatun ruwa ==

Albarkatun ruwa da samar da makamashi suna da muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin Jihar Gombe, musamman wajen noman ban ruwa, samar da wutar lantarki da bunƙasa masana'antu. Dam ɗin Dadin Kowa yana daga cikin muhimman ababen more rayuwa da ke da alaƙa da ban ruwa, kamun kifi da samar da makamashi a yankin. Ingantaccen amfani da ruwa da makamashi na iya ƙara yawan amfanin gona da taimaka wa masana'antu su gudanar da ayyukansu cikin inganci. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gwamnatin jihar ta kuma bayyana inganta samar da wutar lantarki da makamashin hasken rana a matsayin wani ɓangare na ayyukan bunƙasa ababen more rayuwa. A watan Fabrairun 2026, Majalisar Zartarwa ta jihar ta amince da kuɗaɗen ayyukan inganta wutar lantarki da na'urorin hasken rana a wurare da suka haɗa da Dadin Kowa. Irin waɗannan ayyuka na da damar tallafa wa samarwa da kasuwanci, amma tasirinsu ya danganta da yadda aka kammala su da kuma ingancin gudanar da su. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Shuiabu |first=Nasir |title=Gombe SEC Approves N56bn Agro-Livestock Zone, Roads, Water Projects |url=https://newtelegraphng.com/gombe-sec-approves-n56bn-agro-livestock-zone-roads-water-projects/ |work=New Telegraph |date=28 February 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan hidima da kuɗaɗen shiga na gwamnati ==

Ayyukan hidima sun haɗa da ilimi, lafiya, sufuri, sadarwa, banki, otal-otal, dillanci da ayyukan gwamnati. Birnin Gombe shi ne babban cibiyar gudanarwa da ayyukan kasuwanci a jihar, inda ma'aikatan gwamnati da na kamfanoni ke samar da buƙatar kayayyaki da ayyukan hidima. Waɗannan ayyuka suna taimakawa wajen zagayawar kuɗi da samar da guraben aikin yi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kuɗaɗen shiga na cikin gida (Internally Generated Revenue, IGR) suna taimakawa gwamnatin jihar wajen tallafa wa ayyukan raya ƙasa da samar da hidimomin jama'a. A ranar 26 ga Janairun 2026, jaridar *The Punch* ta ruwaito cewa kuɗaɗen shiga na cikin gida na Jihar Gombe sun tashi daga naira biliyan 6.8 a shekarar 2019 zuwa naira biliyan 40.8 a shekarar 2025. Rahoton ya danganta wannan ƙaruwa da sauye-sauyen tattara haraji da ƙarfafa tsarin kula da kuɗaɗen shiga. Wannan adadi yana nuni ne da kuɗaɗen shiga na gwamnati, ba jimillar dukiyar da ake samarwa a tattalin arzikin jihar ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe IGR surges 500% to N40bn |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-igr-surges-500-to-n40bn/ |work=The Punch |date=26 January 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zuba jari da damar bunƙasa tattalin arziki ==

Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe tana ƙoƙarin jawo masu zuba jari a fannoni kamar sarrafa amfanin gona, kiwo, ma'adinai, samar da kayayyakin gini da makamashi. Hukumar Bunƙasa Zuba Jari ta Jihar Gombe (Gombe State Investment Promotion Agency) tana taimakawa wajen samar da bayanai da sauƙaƙa hanyoyin da masu zuba jari za su bi wajen kafa sana'o'i da kamfanoni. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State Investment Promotion Agency |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/investment-promotion/ |website=Gombe State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daga cikin damar zuba jari akwai masana'antun sarrafa shinkafa, gyada, tumatir, auduga, kayan dabbobi da kayayyakin ma'adinai. Samar da wuraren ajiya, injinan sarrafawa, wutar lantarki da kasuwanni na iya taimaka wa masu samar da kayayyaki samun kasuwanni masu faɗi da rage asarar kayayyaki bayan girbi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙalubalen tattalin arziki ==

Duk da damar bunƙasa tattalin arziki, jihar tana fuskantar ƙalubale da suka haɗa da tsadar kayan noma, matsalolin ajiya da sarrafa amfanin gona, ƙarancin jari ga ƙananan 'yan kasuwa da manoma, da buƙatar faɗaɗa ayyukan masana'antu. Asarar amfanin gona bayan girbi na iya rage ribar manoma, musamman idan babu isassun wuraren ajiya, sanyaya kayayyaki da kasuwannin da ke haɗa manoma da masu saye. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Gombe women farmers decry post-harvest losses |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-women-farmers-decry-post-harvest-losses/ |work=The Punch |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Haka kuma, bunƙasa masana'antu yana buƙatar ingantaccen wutar lantarki, hanyoyin sufuri, fasaha da ma'aikata masu ƙwarewa. Idan ba a samar da wadannan abubuwa ba, wasu albarkatun ƙasa za su iya ci gaba da fita daga jihar ba tare da an sarrafa su sosai ba, lamarin da zai rage damar samar da ƙarin ayyukan yi da ƙara darajar kayayyaki a cikin gida. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Makomar tattalin arzikin Jihar Gombe ==

Makomar tattalin arzikin Jihar Gombe tana da alaƙa da inganta noma da kiwo, faɗaɗa masana'antun sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa, ƙarfafa kasuwanci da jawo zuba jari mai ɗorewa. Haɗa noman amfanin gona da masana'antun sarrafawa, inganta kasuwannin dabbobi da hatsi, da samar da makamashi mai inganci na iya taimaka wa jihar wajen samar da ƙarin ayyukan yi da faɗaɗa hanyoyin samun kuɗin shiga. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Gombe SEC Approves N56bn Agro-Livestock Zone, Roads, Water Projects |url=https://newtelegraphng.com/gombe-sec-approves-n56bn-agro-livestock-zone-roads-water-projects/ |work=New Telegraph |date=28 February 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Domin cimma wannan buri, ana buƙatar ingantaccen tsarin tattara haraji, sauƙaƙa rajistar kasuwanci, tallafawa ƙananan masana'antu, inganta ilimin sana'o'i da kare muhalli. Haɗin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnati, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, manoma da al'ummomin karkara zai taimaka wajen tabbatar da cewa bunƙasar tattalin arziki tana samar da fa'ida ga jama'a da kuma ƙarfafa dorewar ci gaban jihar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Falaju |first=Joke |title=Gombe boosts investors’ confidence, secures five new investments |url=https://guardian.ng/news/gombe-state-boosts-investors-confidence-secures-five-new-investments/ |work=The Guardian |date=30 December 2025 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Noma a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Kiwo a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Haƙar ma'adinai a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Ashaka Cement]]
* [[Kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Dam ɗin Dadin Kowa]]

== Manazarta ==

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    <title>Kiwo a Jihar Gombe</title>
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        <username>Ummu Ilham</username>
        <id>45024</id>
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      <comment>Sabon shafi:   '''Kiwo a Jihar Gombe''' wani muhimmin ɓangare ne na tattalin arzikin [[Jihar Gombe]], Najeriya. Aikin ya ƙunshi kiwon shanu, tumaki, awaki da kaji domin samar da nama, madara, ƙwai, fata da sauran kayayyakin dabbobi. Kiwo yana samar da hanyoyin samun kuɗin shiga ga manoma, makiyaya, masu sayar da dabbobi, mahauta da masu jigilar kayayyaki. Haka kuma, kasuwancin dabbobi yana taimakawa wajen haɗa yankunan karkara da manyan kasuwannin jihar da na sauran sassan Najeriya. &lt;r...</comment>
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'''Kiwo a Jihar Gombe''' wani muhimmin ɓangare ne na tattalin arzikin [[Jihar Gombe]], Najeriya. Aikin ya ƙunshi kiwon shanu, tumaki, awaki da kaji domin samar da nama, madara, ƙwai, fata da sauran kayayyakin dabbobi. Kiwo yana samar da hanyoyin samun kuɗin shiga ga manoma, makiyaya, masu sayar da dabbobi, mahauta da masu jigilar kayayyaki. Haka kuma, kasuwancin dabbobi yana taimakawa wajen haɗa yankunan karkara da manyan kasuwannin jihar da na sauran sassan Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State To Modernise 9 Livestock Markets to Drive Economic Growth |url=https://lpres.gm.gov.ng/home/2025/02/05/gombe-state-to-modernise-9-livestock-markets-to-drive-economic-growth/ |website=Livestock Productivity and Resilience Support Project, Gombe State |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A Jihar Gombe, kiwo yana da alaƙa da noma saboda ana amfani da wasu ragowar amfanin gona wajen ciyar da dabbobi, yayin da taki daga dabbobi zai iya taimakawa wajen inganta ƙasar noma. Ayyukan kiwo sun haɗa da kiwon dabbobi a gida, kiwo a wuraren kiwo, kiwon kaji da kasuwancin dabbobi a kasuwannin gargajiya. Bunƙasa wannan fanni na iya ƙara samar da abinci mai gina jiki da faɗaɗa damar samun ayyukan yi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe Reforms Livestock Sector to Boost Economy |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-reforms-livestock-sector-to-boost-economy/ |website=Voice of Nigeria |date=18 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nau'o'in kiwo ==

=== Kiwo shanu ===

Kiwo shanu yana daga cikin muhimman ayyukan kiwo a Jihar Gombe. Ana kiwon shanu domin samar da nama, madara da fata, sannan ana sayar da su ga masu kiwo, mahauta da 'yan kasuwa. Kasuwannin dabbobi suna taimakawa wajen sayar da shanu da jigilar su zuwa wuraren da ake buƙatarsu. Gwamnatin jihar tana ƙoƙarin bunƙasa wannan fanni ta hanyar inganta kasuwannin dabbobi, ayyukan kula da lafiyar dabbobi da samar da wuraren sarrafa nama. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe begins mass livestock vaccination |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-begins-mass-livestock-vaccination/ |work=The Punch |date=7 October 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kiwo tumaki ===

Ana kiwon tumaki a Jihar Gombe domin samar da nama da fata, da kuma sayar da su a kasuwanni. Tumaki suna da muhimmanci ga iyalai da 'yan kasuwa saboda ana iya sayar da su domin samun kuɗin shiga, musamman a lokacin da buƙatar dabbobi ta ƙaru. Inganta abinci, samun ruwan sha da kula da lafiyarsu na taimakawa wajen rage mutuwar dabbobi da ƙara ribar masu kiwo. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe Reforms Livestock Sector to Boost Economy |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-reforms-livestock-sector-to-boost-economy/ |website=Voice of Nigeria |date=18 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kiwo awaki ===

Kiwo awaki wani ɓangare ne na samar da nama da fata a jihar. Awaki suna da amfani ga masu kiwo saboda ana iya sayar da su a kasuwanni, kuma suna samar da kuɗin shiga ga iyalai. Inganta kiwon awaki yana buƙatar samun ingantaccen abinci, tsaftataccen ruwa, wuraren kwana masu kyau da magungunan dabbobi. Haka kuma, sarrafa nama da fata na iya ƙara darajar kayayyakin da ake samu daga awaki. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=L-PRES: Gombe State Livestock, Animal Feed Sellers Associations Applaud Gombe Govt for Revitalizing Livestock Sector |url=https://lpres.gm.gov.ng/home/2025/02/03/l-pres-gombe-state-livestock-animal-feed-sellers-associations-applaud-gombe-govt-for-revitalizing-livestock-sector/ |website=Livestock Productivity and Resilience Support Project, Gombe State |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kiwo kaji ===

Kiwo kaji yana taimakawa wajen samar da nama da ƙwai. Wannan fanni yana ba ƙananan manoma da masu sana'o'i damar gudanar da kasuwanci ba tare da buƙatar manyan filayen kiwo ba. Sai dai samun abincin kaji, rigakafi, tsaftar wuraren kiwo da ingantaccen kula da zafin muhalli suna da muhimmanci wajen rage asara da inganta samarwa. Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe ta bayyana cewa shirinta na bunƙasa kiwo zai haɗa da inganta samar da kaji da sauran kayayyakin dabbobi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Mu’azu |first=Rebecca |title=Gombe Livestock Ministry Seeks Breeder’s Support for Modernisation Drive |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-livestock-ministry-seeks-breeders-support-for-modernisation-drive/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=13 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kasuwannin dabbobi ==

Kasuwannin dabbobi suna da muhimmiyar rawa wajen tattalin arzikin kiwo a Jihar Gombe. Su ne wuraren da masu kiwo, 'yan kasuwa da mahauta ke haɗuwa domin saye da sayar da dabbobi. Daga cikin kasuwannin da aka ambata a shirye-shiryen gwamnati akwai na Gombe, Kumo, Kwadon, Bajoga, Kashere da Lalaipido. Waɗannan kasuwanni suna taimakawa wajen rarraba dabbobi da samar da kuɗin shiga ga masu sana'o'in da ke da alaƙa da kiwo. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State To Modernise 9 Livestock Markets to Drive Economic Growth |url=https://lpres.gm.gov.ng/home/2025/02/05/gombe-state-to-modernise-9-livestock-markets-to-drive-economic-growth/ |website=Livestock Productivity and Resilience Support Project, Gombe State |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 27 ga Agusta 2024, gwamnatin jihar ta fara shirin gyara da inganta kasuwannin dabbobi guda tara ta hanyar aikin L-PRES. Shirin ya ƙunshi gyaran kasuwannin shanu uku a Bajoga, Lalaipido da Kashere, da kuma gina ko inganta kasuwannin kaji guda shida a Bajoga, Kurugu, Dukku, Kwadon, Kumo da Talasse. An tsara ayyukan domin inganta muhallin kasuwanci, samar da wuraren sauke dabbobi da ƙara tsaro da tsafta a kasuwanni. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State To Modernise 9 Livestock Markets to Drive Economic Growth |url=https://lpres.gm.gov.ng/home/2025/02/05/gombe-state-to-modernise-9-livestock-markets-to-drive-economic-growth/ |website=Livestock Productivity and Resilience Support Project, Gombe State |date=5 February 2025 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhimmancin kiwo ga tattalin arziki ==

Kiwo yana samar da ayyukan yi ga masu kiwo, makiyaya, masu sayar da abincin dabbobi, ma'aikatan asibitocin dabbobi, masu jigilar dabbobi da mahauta. Haka kuma, sayar da nama, madara, ƙwai, fata da sauran kayayyakin dabbobi yana taimakawa wajen samar da kuɗin shiga da ƙara zagayawar kuɗi a kasuwannin jihar. Bunƙasa sarrafa kayayyakin dabbobi a cikin gida na iya ƙara darajar kayayyakin da kuma samar da ƙarin ayyukan yi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe Reforms Livestock Sector to Boost Economy |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-reforms-livestock-sector-to-boost-economy/ |website=Voice of Nigeria |date=18 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kiwo yana kuma da muhimmanci wajen samar da abinci mai gina jiki, musamman nama, madara da ƙwai. Idan aka inganta kiwon dabbobi, kula da lafiyarsu da sarrafa kayayyakin da ake samu daga gare su, jihar za ta iya ƙara wadatar kayayyakin abinci da rage asarar dabbobi. Gwamnatin jihar ta bayyana cewa bunƙasa samar da nama, madara da ƙwai na daga cikin manufofin shirinta na gyara fannin kiwo. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Mu’azu |first=Rebecca |title=Gombe Livestock Ministry Seeks Breeder’s Support for Modernisation Drive |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-livestock-ministry-seeks-breeders-support-for-modernisation-drive/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=13 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shirye-shiryen gwamnati na bunƙasa kiwo ==

=== Aikin L-PRES ===

Livestock Productivity and Resilience Support Project (L-PRES) wani shiri ne da ke da nufin inganta samar da dabbobi, juriya ga ƙalubalen muhalli da kasuwancin kayayyakin kiwo. A Jihar Gombe, shirin yana taimakawa wajen inganta kasuwanni, ayyukan kula da lafiyar dabbobi da sauran abubuwan more rayuwa da ake buƙata domin bunƙasa fannin. Haka kuma, yana da manufar rage asarar dabbobi da ƙarfafa hanyoyin samun kuɗin shiga ga masu sana'o'in da ke cikin tsarin samarwa da kasuwancin dabbobi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Livestock Productivity and Resilience Support Project (LPRES) |url=https://lpres.gm.gov.ng/home/ |website=Gombe State L-PRES |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ma'aikatar Bunƙasa Kiwo ===

A shekarar 2026, gwamnatin Jihar Gombe ta kafa Ma'aikatar Bunƙasa Kiwo domin ƙarfafa tsare-tsare da ayyukan da suka shafi samar da dabbobi, kula da lafiyarsu da sarrafa kayayyakin da ake samu daga gare su. A ranar 18 ga Agusta 2026, Voice of Nigeria ta ruwaito cewa gwamnatin jihar tana ƙoƙarin sauya fannin daga dogaro da sayar da dabbobi masu rai zuwa tsarin da ya haɗa da kiwo, yanka, sarrafawa, marufi da jigilar kayayyaki zuwa kasuwanni. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe Reforms Livestock Sector to Boost Economy |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-reforms-livestock-sector-to-boost-economy/ |website=Voice of Nigeria |date=18 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yankin bunƙasa noma da kiwo ===

Gwamnatin jihar ta kuma fara shirin samar da yankin bunƙasa noma da kiwo mai faɗin hekta 184. An tsara yankin da kayayyakin more rayuwa da suka haɗa da babbar kasuwar dabbobi, mahautar zamani, wuraren samar da kaji, asibitin dabbobi, masana'antar sarrafa fata da tashar jigilar kaya ta cikin ƙasa. A ranar 7 ga Oktoba 2026, jaridar The Punch ta ruwaito cewa aikin yana cikin matakan da gwamnati ke ɗauka domin bunƙasa kiwo, rage asarar da ke tattare da jigilar dabbobi da ƙarfafa sarrafa kayayyakin dabbobi a cikin jihar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe begins mass livestock vaccination |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-begins-mass-livestock-vaccination/ |work=The Punch |date=7 October 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Lafiyar dabbobi da rigakafi ==

Kula da lafiyar dabbobi yana da muhimmanci wajen rage mutuwar dabbobi da hana yaduwar cututtuka. Cututtuka irin su contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, foot-and-mouth disease da peste des petits ruminants na iya shafar shanu, tumaki da awaki. Rigakafi, sa ido kan cututtuka, duba dabbobi da neman taimakon likitocin dabbobi suna taimakawa wajen kare dabbobi da lafiyar jama'a. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe begins mass livestock vaccination |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-begins-mass-livestock-vaccination/ |work=The Punch |date=7 October 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 7 ga Oktoba 2026, gwamnatin Jihar Gombe ta fara kamfen ɗin rigakafin dabbobi a faɗin jihar, wanda ya shafi shanu, tumaki da awaki. Rahoton The Punch ya bayyana cewa shirin ya ƙunshi rigakafin manyan cututtukan dabbobi da kuma ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnati, masu kiwo, ƙungiyoyin makiyaya da sauran masu ruwa da tsaki. Irin wannan shiri na iya taimakawa wajen rage asarar dabbobi da kare tattalin arzikin masu kiwo. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe begins mass livestock vaccination |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-begins-mass-livestock-vaccination/ |work=The Punch |date=7 October 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Abincin dabbobi ==

Samun isasshen abinci mai gina jiki yana da muhimmanci wajen inganta nauyin dabbobi, samar da madara da rage mutuwa. A wasu lokuta, masu kiwo suna amfani da ciyawa, ragowar amfanin gona da sauran abincin dabbobi. Gwamnatin jihar ta bayyana cewa tana son ƙarfafa samar da abincin dabbobi a cikin gida, ciki har da noman ciyawar Napier, wadda za a iya amfani da ita wajen ciyar da shanu da sauran dabbobi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe Reforms Livestock Sector to Boost Economy |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-reforms-livestock-sector-to-boost-economy/ |website=Voice of Nigeria |date=18 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Makiyaya da manoma ==

Dangantaka tsakanin makiyaya da manoma tana da muhimmanci wajen tabbatar da zaman lafiya da dorewar kiwo. Gasar neman filayen noma, wuraren kiwo da ruwa na iya haifar da rikici idan babu tsari da fahimtar juna. A watan Janairun 2026, gwamnatin Jihar Gombe ta ƙaddamar da kwamitin aiwatar da manufofin da suka shafi wuraren kiwo, hanyoyin shanun makiyaya da kula da filayen kiwo domin inganta tsarin amfani da ƙasa da rage rikice-rikice. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Mu’azu |first=Rebecca |title=Gombe State Unveils New Grazing Roadmap |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-state-unveils-new-grazing-roadmap/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=17 January 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gwamnatin jihar ta kuma jaddada muhimmancin bin hanyoyin shanu da aka tanada da kare wuraren kiwo. Haɗin gwiwa tsakanin shugabannin al'umma, ƙungiyoyin makiyaya, manoma da hukumomin gwamnati na iya taimakawa wajen hana lalacewar amfanin gona, rage asarar dabbobi da tabbatar da zaman lafiya tsakanin al'ummomi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Mu’azu |first=Rebecca |title=Gombe State Unveils New Grazing Roadmap |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-state-unveils-new-grazing-roadmap/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=17 January 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙalubalen kiwo ==

Daga cikin ƙalubalen kiwo akwai cututtukan dabbobi, tsadar abinci, ƙarancin ruwa a wasu lokutan shekara, matsalolin sufuri da rashin isassun wuraren sarrafa nama da madara. Waɗannan matsaloli na iya rage yawan kayayyakin da ake samarwa da ribar masu kiwo. Inganta ayyukan likitocin dabbobi, samar da wuraren ajiyar abinci da ƙarfafa kasuwannin dabbobi na daga cikin hanyoyin da za su iya rage waɗannan matsaloli. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Livestock Productivity and Resilience Support Project (LPRES) |url=https://lpres.gm.gov.ng/home/ |website=Gombe State L-PRES |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani ƙalubale shi ne sayar da dabbobi masu rai ba tare da sarrafa nama, fata ko madara a cikin jihar ba. Wannan na iya rage damar samun ƙarin kuɗin shiga daga kayayyakin dabbobi. Gwamnatin jihar ta bayyana manufar bunƙasa mahautar zamani, kasuwannin dabbobi da wuraren sarrafawa domin ƙara darajar kayayyakin kiwo da samar da ayyukan yi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe Reforms Livestock Sector to Boost Economy |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-reforms-livestock-sector-to-boost-economy/ |website=Voice of Nigeria |date=18 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Makomar kiwo a Jihar Gombe ==

Makomar kiwo a Jihar Gombe tana da alaƙa da inganta kiwon dabbobi, samar da abinci mai kyau, rigakafi, amfani da fasahar zamani da sarrafa kayayyakin dabbobi. Bunƙasa samar da nama, madara, ƙwai da fata na iya ƙara damar samun kuɗin shiga ga masu kiwo da faɗaɗa kasuwannin jihar. Haka kuma, inganta hanyoyin jigilar dabbobi da samar da kayayyakin more rayuwa na iya ƙarfafa matsayin Gombe a matsayin cibiyar kasuwancin dabbobi a Arewa maso Gabas. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe begins mass livestock vaccination |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-begins-mass-livestock-vaccination/ |work=The Punch |date=7 October 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Domin cimma wannan buri, ana buƙatar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnati, masu zaman kansu, masu kiwo, manoma da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci. Inganta lafiyar dabbobi, kare muhalli, samar da abinci mai gina jiki da warware rikice-rikicen amfani da ƙasa cikin lumana za su taimaka wajen tabbatar da cewa kiwo ya zama sana'a mai dorewa da amfani ga al'ummar jihar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Livestock Productivity and Resilience Support Project (LPRES) |url=https://lpres.gm.gov.ng/home/ |website=Gombe State L-PRES |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Tattalin arzikin Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Noma a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Haƙar ma'adinai a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe]]

== Manazarta ==

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    <title>Kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-19T17:11:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummu Ilham</username>
        <id>45024</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sabon shafi:   '''Kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe''' na daga cikin muhimman ayyukan tattalin arzikin [[Jihar Gombe]], Najeriya. Ya haɗa da saye da sayar da kayayyaki, dillanci, sana'o'in hannu, kasuwancin amfanin gona da dabbobi, jigilar kayayyaki da ayyukan masu zaman kansu. Birnin [[Gombe]] shi ne babban cibiyar kasuwanci da gudanarwar jihar, inda 'yan kasuwa daga yankunan karkara da sauran jihohin Najeriya ke haɗuwa domin saye da sayar da kayayyaki. Matsayin jihar a arewa maso gabashin Najeriy...</comment>
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'''Kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe''' na daga cikin muhimman ayyukan tattalin arzikin [[Jihar Gombe]], Najeriya. Ya haɗa da saye da sayar da kayayyaki, dillanci, sana'o'in hannu, kasuwancin amfanin gona da dabbobi, jigilar kayayyaki da ayyukan masu zaman kansu. Birnin [[Gombe]] shi ne babban cibiyar kasuwanci da gudanarwar jihar, inda 'yan kasuwa daga yankunan karkara da sauran jihohin Najeriya ke haɗuwa domin saye da sayar da kayayyaki. Matsayin jihar a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya yana ba ta damar zama cibiyar rarraba kayayyaki zuwa wasu jihohin yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kasuwanci a jihar yana da alaƙa ta kut-da-kut da noma da kiwo, domin ana kawo hatsi, kayan lambu, gyada, dabbobi da sauran kayayyakin karkara zuwa kasuwanni domin sayarwa. Haka kuma, shaguna, manyan kasuwanni, dillalai, masu jigilar kaya da ƙananan masana'antu suna taimakawa wajen rarraba kayayyaki da samar da ayyukan yi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi da bunƙasar kasuwanci ==

Kasuwanci ya daɗe yana da muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar al'ummomin yankin Gombe. Kasuwannin gargajiya sun kasance wuraren musayar amfanin gona, dabbobi, kayan abinci, tufafi, kayan aikin noma da kayayyakin sana'o'i. Bunƙasar birnin Gombe da ingantuwar hanyoyin sufuri sun ƙara sauƙaƙa zirga-zirgar 'yan kasuwa da kayayyaki tsakanin jihar da sauran sassan Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A zamanin yau, kasuwancin jihar ya haɗa da kasuwannin gargajiya da na zamani, dillancin kayayyaki, manyan shaguna, sana'o'in kanana da matsakaitan masana'antu, da ayyukan kasuwanci da ake gudanarwa ta hanyoyin sadarwa. Gwamnatin jihar ta kuma ɗauki inganta kasuwanni da samar da wuraren kasuwanci masu kyau a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin bunƙasa tattalin arziki. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State BERAP Progress Report 2024 |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/download/gombe-state-berap-progress-report-2024/ |website=Gombe State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manyan kasuwanni a Jihar Gombe ==

=== Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe ===

Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe na daga cikin muhimman wuraren saye da sayar da kayayyaki a jihar. A cikinta ana samun kayan abinci, tufafi, kayan amfanin gida, kayan aikin sana'o'i da kayayyakin da ake shigowa da su daga wasu jihohi. Kasuwar tana samar da damar samun kuɗin shiga ga 'yan kasuwa, masu shaguna, dillalai da masu jigilar kaya. Inganta tsaro, tsafta da hanyoyin shiga kasuwar na da muhimmanci wajen sauƙaƙa harkokin kasuwanci. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State BERAP Progress Report 2024 |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/download/gombe-state-berap-progress-report-2024/ |website=Gombe State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasuwar Hatsi ta Tudun Hatsi ===

Kasuwar Tudun Hatsi tana daga cikin muhimman wuraren kasuwancin hatsi a birnin Gombe. Ana amfani da ita wajen saye da sayar da hatsi kamar masara, dawa, gero da sauran amfanin gona. Kasuwar tana haɗa manoma, dillalai da masu sayen hatsi, kuma tana da muhimmanci ga wadatar abinci da tattalin arzikin jihar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe approves N260m for grains market relocation |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-approves-n260m-for-grains-market-relocation/ |work=The Punch |date=21 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 21 ga Agusta 2026, jaridar *The Punch* ta ruwaito cewa gwamnatin Jihar Gombe ta amince da ware naira miliyan 200 domin ƙaura da kasuwar Tudun Hatsi zuwa hanyar Dukku, tare da ƙarin naira miliyan 60 domin biyan diyya ga mutanen da aikin ya shafa. Gwamnati ta bayyana cewa ƙaurar za ta taimaka wajen inganta zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, tsara birni da samar da wurin kasuwanci mafi dacewa. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe approves N260m for grains market relocation |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-approves-n260m-for-grains-market-relocation/ |work=The Punch |date=21 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 14 ga Oktoba 2026, jaridar *Daily Fact* ta ruwaito cewa ana gina sabuwar kasuwar hatsi ta zamani a kan hanyar Bajoga a birnin Gombe. An bayyana cewa kasuwar za ta ƙunshi shaguna sama da 640, rumbunan ajiya, masallaci, bandakuna, kantin sayar da abinci da ingantattun hanyoyi. Idan aka kammala aikin, waɗannan kayayyakin more rayuwa za su iya taimakawa wajen tsara kasuwancin hatsi da sauƙaƙa jigilar kayayyaki. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Gombe Grains Market: Government Promises 640 Shops, Modern Facilities for Traders |url=https://dailyfacts.com.ng/2026/10/14/gombe-grains-market-government-promises-640-shops-modern-facilities-for-traders/ |work=Daily Fact |date=14 October 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasuwar Kumo ===

Kumo na daga cikin muhimman cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe. Kasuwancinta yana da alaƙa da saye da sayar da amfanin gona, kayan abinci, dabbobi da sauran kayayyakin da al'ummomin yankin ke samarwa ko buƙata. Matsayinta a yankin Akko yana ba ta muhimmanci wajen haɗa manoma da masu saye daga ƙauyuka da garuruwan da ke kewaye. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasuwannin kayan lambu ===

Kasuwannin kayan lambu suna da muhimmanci wajen sayar da tumatir, barkono, albasa da sauran kayan amfanin gona masu saurin lalacewa. A ranar 25 ga Yuni 2026, Hukumar Bunƙasa Ƙasar Noma ta Ƙasa (NALDA) ta buɗe kasuwar kayan amfanin gona masu saurin lalacewa a Kwadon, Ƙaramar Hukumar Yamaltu-Deba. An tsara kasuwar domin inganta damar manoma na sayar da amfanin gonarsu, ƙarfafa tsarin rarraba kayayyaki da rage asarar amfanin gona bayan girbi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=NALDA Perishables Market Opens in Gombe |url=https://von.gov.ng/nalda-perishables-market-opens-in-gombe/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manyan nau'o'in kasuwanci ==

=== Kasuwancin amfanin gona ===

Kasuwancin amfanin gona yana daga cikin ginshiƙan kasuwanci a jihar. Ana sayar da masara, dawa, gero, shinkafa, gyada, wake, auduga da sauran amfanin gona a kasuwanni da wuraren tara kayayyaki. Manoma suna samun kuɗin shiga ta hanyar sayar da amfanin gonarsu, yayin da dillalai ke tara kayayyakin domin sayarwa a manyan kasuwanni da sauran jihohi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 25 ga Yuni 2026, Voice of Nigeria ta ruwaito cewa an buɗe kasuwar NALDA ta kayan amfanin gona masu saurin lalacewa a Kwadon domin haɗa manoma da masu saye. Kasuwar tana da manufar rage asarar kayan amfanin gona da inganta tsarin kasuwanci daga wurin da ake noma zuwa wurin da masu amfani za su saya. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=NALDA Perishables Market Opens in Gombe |url=https://von.gov.ng/nalda-perishables-market-opens-in-gombe/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasuwancin dabbobi ===

Kasuwancin dabbobi ya haɗa da saye da sayar da shanu, tumaki, awaki da sauran dabbobi. Wannan fanni yana da alaƙa da samar da nama, fata da sauran kayayyakin dabbobi. Kasuwannin dabbobi suna samar da damar samun kuɗin shiga ga masu kiwo, dillalai, masu jigilar dabbobi da mahauta. Gwamnatin jihar ta bayyana cewa tana son ƙara darajar wannan fanni ta hanyar inganta kasuwannin dabbobi da samar da wuraren yanka da sarrafa nama. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Gombe Targets Livestock-Led Economic Transformation |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-targets-livestock-led-economic-transformation/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=18 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasuwancin kayan masarufi ===

Kasuwancin kayan masarufi ya ƙunshi sayar da kayan abinci, tufafi, takalma, kayan tsafta, kayayyakin gida da sauran abubuwan amfanin yau da kullum. Ana gudanar da irin wannan kasuwanci a manyan kasuwanni, shaguna, ƙananan rumfuna da wuraren sayar da kayayyaki a unguwanni. Yana taimakawa wajen samar da ayyukan yi ga matasa da sauran masu gudanar da ƙananan sana'o'i. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State BERAP Progress Report 2024 |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/download/gombe-state-berap-progress-report-2024/ |website=Gombe State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasuwancin kayan gini ===

Kasuwancin siminti, tubali, ƙarfe, itace, fenti da sauran kayan gini yana da alaƙa da ayyukan gine-gine da faɗaɗa birane. Kasancewar masana'antar siminti ta Ashaka a jihar tana taimakawa wajen samar da kayayyakin da ake amfani da su a gine-gine. Masu sayar da kayan gini, 'yan kwangila da masu jigilar kayayyaki suna cikin masu cin gajiyar wannan fanni. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Living-Stone Cement |url=https://bpe.gov.ng/staging/transaction/living-stone/ |website=Bureau of Public Enterprises |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasuwancin ƙananan sana'o'i ===

Ƙananan sana'o'i sun haɗa da tela, gyaran takalma, aikin kafinta, walda, gyaran babura da motoci, sarrafa abinci da sayar da kayayyaki. Waɗannan sana'o'i suna taimakawa wajen samar da kuɗin shiga ga iyalai da kuma samar da ayyukan yi ga mutanen da ba sa aiki a manyan kamfanoni. Inganta damar samun jari, horo da wuraren kasuwanci na iya ƙarfafa wannan fanni. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State BERAP Progress Report 2024 |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/download/gombe-state-berap-progress-report-2024/ |website=Gombe State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sufuri da rarraba kayayyaki ==

Sufuri yana da muhimmanci wajen kai kayayyaki daga gonaki da wuraren samarwa zuwa kasuwanni. Hanyoyin mota suna haɗa birnin Gombe da Kumo, Dukku, Bajoga da sauran cibiyoyin kasuwanci na jihar, tare da samar da hanyoyin shiga jihohin da ke makwabtaka. Ingantaccen sufuri yana taimakawa wajen rage kuɗin jigilar kayayyaki, saurin kai amfanin gona kasuwa da ƙarfafa cinikayya tsakanin yankuna. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Duk da haka, tsadar man fetur, lalacewar wasu hanyoyi da matsalolin ajiya na iya ƙara kuɗin kasuwanci. Wannan ya fi shafar kayan amfanin gona masu saurin lalacewa, waɗanda ke buƙatar jigilar su cikin sauri. Saboda haka, inganta hanyoyi, samar da rumbunan ajiya da gina kasuwanni masu kayayyakin more rayuwa na iya taimakawa wajen rage asarar kayayyaki da ƙara ribar 'yan kasuwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=NALDA Perishables Market Opens in Gombe |url=https://von.gov.ng/nalda-perishables-market-opens-in-gombe/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kasuwanci da zuba jari ==

Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe tana ƙoƙarin jawo zuba jari ta hanyar inganta yanayin gudanar da kasuwanci, sauƙaƙa ayyukan gwamnati da gina wuraren kasuwanci da masana'antu. A ranar 15 ga Yuni 2026, Ma'aikatar Yaɗa Labarai da Wayar da Kan Jama'a ta Tarayya ta ruwaito cewa Majalisar Shugaban Ƙasa kan Inganta Yanayin Gudanar da Kasuwanci (PEBEC) ta gudanar da taron masu ruwa da tsaki a Gombe domin tattauna hanyoyin sauƙaƙa kasuwanci da jawo masu zuba jari. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=PEBEC Holds Town Hall Meeting in Gombe as Part of Nationwide Ease-of-Doing-Business |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/pebec-holds-town-hall-meeting-in-gombe-as-part-of-nationwide-ease-of-doing-business/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=15 June 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Damar zuba jari a jihar ta haɗa da sarrafa amfanin gona, kasuwancin dabbobi, sarrafa ma'adinai, samar da kayayyakin gini, rumbunan ajiya da jigilar kayayyaki. Ƙarfafa masana'antun sarrafa amfanin gona a cikin jihar na iya ƙara darajar kayayyaki kafin a kai su kasuwa, samar da ayyukan yi da rage dogaro da sayar da ɗanyen amfanin gona. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gudummawar kasuwanci ga tattalin arziki ==

Kasuwanci yana taimakawa wajen samar da ayyukan yi, ƙara kuɗin shiga ga iyalai da samar da kasuwannin da manoma da masu sana'o'i za su sayar da kayayyaki. Haka kuma, yana ƙarfafa zirga-zirgar kuɗi tsakanin karkara da birane, yana kuma taimakawa wajen biyan buƙatun jama'a na kayan abinci da sauran kayayyaki. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State BERAP Progress Report 2024 |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/download/gombe-state-berap-progress-report-2024/ |website=Gombe State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kasuwanci yana iya ƙara kuɗaɗen shiga na gwamnati ta hanyar haraji, lasisin kasuwanci da kuɗaɗen ayyukan kasuwanni. Idan an tattara kuɗaɗen shiga cikin gaskiya kuma aka yi amfani da su yadda ya kamata, za su iya taimakawa wajen samar da hanyoyi, ruwa, tsafta da sauran abubuwan more rayuwa da ke tallafa wa kasuwanci. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State Government |url=https://www.gombestate.gov.ng/ |website=Gombe State Government |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Matsalolin kasuwanci ==

Daga cikin matsalolin kasuwanci a jihar akwai hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, tsadar sufuri, ƙarancin jari ga ƙananan 'yan kasuwa, matsalolin ajiya da lalacewar kayan amfanin gona. Waɗannan matsaloli na iya rage ribar kasuwanci da ƙara farashin kayayyaki ga masu saye. Inganta kasuwanni, samar da rumbunan ajiya da sauƙaƙa hanyoyin samun jari na iya taimakawa wajen rage waɗannan ƙalubale. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=NALDA Perishables Market Opens in Gombe |url=https://von.gov.ng/nalda-perishables-market-opens-in-gombe/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Haka kuma, ƙaura da kasuwa daga wurin da aka daɗe ana kasuwanci na iya shafar masu shaguna da masu sayar da kayayyaki idan ba a tsara aikin yadda ya kamata ba. A batun Tudun Hatsi, gwamnatin jihar ta bayyana cewa za a ware kuɗin diyya ga mutanen da aikin ƙaurar kasuwar ya shafa, domin rage tasirin canjin wurin kasuwanci ga rayuwarsu. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe approves N260m for grains market relocation |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-approves-n260m-for-grains-market-relocation/ |work=The Punch |date=21 August 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Makomar kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe ==

Makomar kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe tana da alaƙa da inganta kasuwanni, hanyoyin sufuri, rumbunan ajiya, sarrafa amfanin gona da amfani da fasahar sadarwa wajen gudanar da kasuwanci. Sabuwar kasuwar hatsi da kasuwar kayan amfanin gona masu saurin lalacewa na daga cikin ayyukan da aka tsara domin inganta tsarin saye da sayarwa da rage asarar kayayyaki. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Gombe Grains Market: Government Promises 640 Shops, Modern Facilities for Traders |url=https://dailyfacts.com.ng/2026/10/14/gombe-grains-market-government-promises-640-shops-modern-facilities-for-traders/ |work=Daily Fact |date=14 October 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=NALDA Perishables Market Opens in Gombe |url=https://von.gov.ng/nalda-perishables-market-opens-in-gombe/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Domin cimma ci gaba mai ɗorewa, ana buƙatar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin 'yan kasuwa, manoma, masu zuba jari da masu sufuri. Inganta tsaro, tsaftar kasuwanni, samar da jari da bin ƙa'idojin kasuwanci na iya taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa matsayin Gombe a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci a yankin Arewa maso Gabas. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=PEBEC Holds Town Hall Meeting in Gombe as Part of Nationwide Ease-of-Doing-Business |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/pebec-holds-town-hall-meeting-in-gombe-as-part-of-nationwide-ease-of-doing-business/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=15 June 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Tattalin arzikin Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Noma a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Kiwo a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Haƙar ma'adinai a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe]]
* [[Kasuwar Hatsi ta Tudun Hatsi]]

== Manazarta ==

{{Reflist}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe</title>
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        <username>Ummu Ilham</username>
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      <comment>Sabon shafi:   '''Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe''' kasuwa ce da ke cikin birnin [[Gombe]], hedikwatar [[Jihar Gombe]] da ke arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Kasuwar na daga cikin wuraren da ake gudanar da harkokin saye da sayarwa a cikin birnin, inda 'yan kasuwa da masu sayayya ke cinikayya da kayayyakin masarufi da na yau da kullum. Tana cikin muhimman wuraren kasuwanci da ke taimaka wa tattalin arzikin garin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe, Nigeria |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gombe%2C...</comment>
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'''Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe''' kasuwa ce da ke cikin birnin [[Gombe]], hedikwatar [[Jihar Gombe]] da ke arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Kasuwar na daga cikin wuraren da ake gudanar da harkokin saye da sayarwa a cikin birnin, inda 'yan kasuwa da masu sayayya ke cinikayya da kayayyakin masarufi da na yau da kullum. Tana cikin muhimman wuraren kasuwanci da ke taimaka wa tattalin arzikin garin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe, Nigeria |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gombe%2C_Nigeria |website=Wikipedia}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wuri da muhimmancinta ==

Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe tana cikin unguwar Herwagana ta ƙaramar hukumar Gombe. Kasuwar na daga cikin wuraren da mazauna birnin da masu zuwa daga wasu sassan jihar ke amfani da su wajen sayen kayayyakin yau da kullum. Matsayin Gombe a matsayin cibiyar gudanarwa da kasuwanci a yankin arewa maso gabashin Najeriya yana taimakawa wajen bunƙasar harkokin kasuwanci a birnin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State Government |url=https://www.gombestate.gov.ng/ |website=Gombe State Government}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kayayyakin da ake sayarwa ==

Ana gudanar da cinikin kayayyaki iri-iri a Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe, ciki har da kayan masarufi da kayayyakin da mutane ke amfani da su a rayuwar yau da kullum. Kasuwannin birnin Gombe suna taimakawa wajen rarraba kayayyaki daga masu samarwa zuwa ga masu sayayya, tare da samar da wuraren da 'yan kasuwa za su gudanar da sana'o'insu. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State BERAP Progress Report 2024 |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/download/gombe-state-berap-progress-report-2024/ |website=Gombe State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gudummawa ga tattalin arziki ==

Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe tana taimakawa wajen samar da damar samun kuɗin shiga ga 'yan kasuwa da masu sana'o'in da ke da alaƙa da kasuwanci. Harkokin saye da sayarwa suna kuma samar da ayyukan yi ga wasu mutane da ke aikin jigilar kayayyaki, ɗaukar kaya da sauran ayyukan da ke tallafa wa kasuwa. Kasuwanci na daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ke ƙarfafa tattalin arzikin birnin Gombe. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State Government |url=https://www.gombestate.gov.ng/ |website=Gombe State Government}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gudanarwa da inganta kasuwa ==

Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe ta ɗauki matakai daban-daban domin inganta kayayyakin more rayuwa a kasuwannin jihar, ciki har da gyaran shaguna da rumfuna da kuma ƙara tsaro a wasu wuraren kasuwanci. Rahoton shirin *Business Environment and Regulatory Action Plan* na jihar ya bayyana ayyukan da suka shafi inganta kasuwanni da samar da yanayin kasuwanci mai kyau. Irin waɗannan matakai na da muhimmanci wajen samar da tsafta, tsaro da sauƙin gudanar da harkokin ciniki. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State BERAP Progress Report 2024 |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/download/gombe-state-berap-progress-report-2024/ |website=Gombe State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bambanci tsakanin Babbar Kasuwa da Tudun Hatsi ==

Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe ba iri ɗaya ba ce da Kasuwar Tudun Hatsi. Tudun Hatsi kasuwa ce da ta shahara musamman wajen cinikin hatsi, kuma rahotannin jaridu sun bayyana tarihinta da rawar da take takawa wajen cinikin kayan amfanin gona. A gefe guda, ana amfani da sunan Babbar Kasuwa wajen nufin babbar kasuwar kayayyaki iri-iri a birnin. Don haka, ya dace a bambanta tarihin da bayanan waɗannan kasuwanni biyu yayin rubuta tarihinsu. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Yaya |first=Haruna Gimba |title=Gombe grain market still booms, 88 years after establishment |url=https://dailytrust.com/gombe-grain-market-still-booms-88-years-after-establishment/ |work=Daily Trust}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kalubalen kasuwa ==

Kamar sauran manyan kasuwanni a birane, kasuwanci na iya fuskantar ƙalubale da suka haɗa da cunkoson jama'a, matsalolin zirga-zirga, buƙatar tsafta, da kuma bukatar inganta kayayyakin more rayuwa. Rahoton shirin inganta harkokin kasuwanci na Jihar Gombe ya nuna cewa gwamnati na aiwatar da matakan inganta wasu kasuwanni, ciki har da tsaro da gyaran kayayyakin more rayuwa. Duk da haka, ya kamata a yi amfani da takamaiman rahotanni ko bayanan hukuma idan za a bayyana irin waɗannan ƙalubale a matsayin matsalolin da suka faru kai tsaye a Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State BERAP Progress Report 2024 |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/download/gombe-state-berap-progress-report-2024/ |website=Gombe State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Gombe]]
* [[Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Kasuwar Tudun Hatsi]]
* [[Ciniki da Kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe]]

== Manazarta ==

{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <title>Kasuwar Hatsi ta Tudun Hatsi</title>
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    <id>179628</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969612</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T17:18:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummu Ilham</username>
        <id>45024</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sabon shafi:   '''Kasuwar Hatsi ta Tudun Hatsi''' kasuwa ce ta hatsi da ke birnin [[Gombe]], hedikwatar [[Jihar Gombe]] a arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Kasuwar ta shahara wajen cinikin kayan amfanin gona, musamman hatsi, kuma tana daga cikin muhimman wuraren kasuwancin amfanin gona a jihar. Rahoton jaridar ''Daily Trust'' da aka wallafa a watan Maris na 2024 ya bayyana cewa kasuwar ta ci gaba da gudanar da harkokinta tun bayan kafa ta sama da shekaru tamanin da suka gabata. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite...</comment>
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'''Kasuwar Hatsi ta Tudun Hatsi''' kasuwa ce ta hatsi da ke birnin [[Gombe]], hedikwatar [[Jihar Gombe]] a arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Kasuwar ta shahara wajen cinikin kayan amfanin gona, musamman hatsi, kuma tana daga cikin muhimman wuraren kasuwancin amfanin gona a jihar. Rahoton jaridar ''Daily Trust'' da aka wallafa a watan Maris na 2024 ya bayyana cewa kasuwar ta ci gaba da gudanar da harkokinta tun bayan kafa ta sama da shekaru tamanin da suka gabata. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Yaya |first=Haruna Gimba |title=Gombe grain market still booms, 88 years after establishment |url=https://dailytrust.com/gombe-grain-market-still-booms-88-years-after-establishment/ |work=Daily Trust |date=17 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi ==

Rahoton ''Daily Trust'' ya bayyana cewa an kafa Kasuwar Tudun Hatsi sama da shekaru tamanin kafin shekarar 2024, a lokacin mulkin Sarkin Gombe Haruna Umaru, wanda ya yi sarauta daga shekarar 1922 zuwa 1935. Rahoton ya danganta farkon kasuwar da tsohuwar kasuwar Gombe, inda cinikin hatsi ya fara bunƙasa kafin kasuwar ta koma wurin da ta daɗe tana aiki. Wannan tarihi ya nuna cewa kasuwar ta daɗe tana taka rawa a harkokin tattalin arzikin birnin Gombe. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Yaya |first=Haruna Gimba |title=Gombe grain market still booms, 88 years after establishment |url=https://dailytrust.com/gombe-grain-market-still-booms-88-years-after-establishment/ |work=Daily Trust |date=17 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sunan “Tudun Hatsi” ya samo asali ne daga wurin da kasuwar take, wanda yake kan wani tudu a tsakiyar birnin Gombe. A cewar rahoton ''Daily Trust'', kasuwar tana kan hanyar zuwa fadar Sarkin Gombe kuma tana fuskantar tsohuwar kasuwar birnin. Wannan matsayi ya taimaka wajen bayyana yadda kasuwar ta zama sanannen wurin saye da sayar da hatsi a cikin birnin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Yaya |first=Haruna Gimba |title=Gombe grain market still booms, 88 years after establishment |url=https://dailytrust.com/gombe-grain-market-still-booms-88-years-after-establishment/ |work=Daily Trust |date=17 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wuri da tsarin kasuwa ==

Kasuwar Tudun Hatsi tana cikin tsakiyar birnin Gombe, a Jihar Gombe. A lokacin da ''Daily Trust'' ta ziyarci kasuwar a shekarar 2024, rahoton ya bayyana cewa yawancin shagunan kasuwar an gina su ne da katako da zanen ƙarfe na rufi. Wannan tsarin gine-gine ya bambanta da tsarin manyan kasuwannin zamani da ake ginawa da gine-gine na dindindin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Yaya |first=Haruna Gimba |title=Gombe grain market still booms, 88 years after establishment |url=https://dailytrust.com/gombe-grain-market-still-booms-88-years-after-establishment/ |work=Daily Trust |date=17 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kayayyakin da ake sayarwa ==

Babban abin da aka fi sayarwa a kasuwar shi ne hatsi da sauran amfanin gona. Rahoton ''Daily Trust'' ya ambaci wake, gero, masara, waken soya, ƙwayar sesame, shinkafa da dawa a cikin kayayyakin da 'yan kasuwa ke sayarwa. Waɗannan kayayyaki suna da muhimmanci wajen samar da abinci da kuma kasuwancin amfanin gona a Najeriya. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Yaya |first=Haruna Gimba |title=Gombe grain market still booms, 88 years after establishment |url=https://dailytrust.com/gombe-grain-market-still-booms-88-years-after-establishment/ |work=Daily Trust |date=17 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hatsi da ake sayarwa a kasuwar na zuwa daga manoma da wasu kasuwannin karkara da ke cikin Jihar Gombe da kuma wasu jihohin da ke makwabtaka da ita. Wannan tsarin samar da kayayyaki yana haɗa manoma da masu saye, 'yan kasuwa da masu jigilar kaya, tare da taimakawa wajen rarraba amfanin gona zuwa wuraren da ake buƙatarsa. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Yaya |first=Haruna Gimba |title=Gombe grain market still booms, 88 years after establishment |url=https://dailytrust.com/gombe-grain-market-still-booms-88-years-after-establishment/ |work=Daily Trust |date=17 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Harkokin ciniki da jigilar hatsi ==

Kasuwar Tudun Hatsi tana gudanar da cinikin hatsi a manyan adadi, inda ake lodawa da sauke buhunan hatsi a motocin dakon kaya. Rahoton ''Daily Trust'' na shekarar 2024 ya bayyana cewa manyan motoci suna fita daga kasuwar domin kai hatsi zuwa wasu wurare. Wannan yana nuna cewa kasuwar ba ta hidimta wa mazauna Gombe kaɗai ba, har ma tana cikin tsarin rarraba kayan amfanin gona zuwa wasu kasuwanni. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Yaya |first=Haruna Gimba |title=Gombe grain market still booms, 88 years after establishment |url=https://dailytrust.com/gombe-grain-market-still-booms-88-years-after-establishment/ |work=Daily Trust |date=17 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gudummawa ga tattalin arziki ==

Kasuwar tana samar da ayyukan yi ga 'yan kasuwa, masu ɗaukar kaya, masu lodi da sauke kaya, direbobin manyan motoci da sauran masu hidimar kasuwanci. A rahotonsa na shekarar 2024, ''Daily Trust'' ya ruwaito cewa akwai fiye da 'yan kasuwa 1,000 masu shaguna a kasuwar, tare da ma'aikata sama da 600 da ke taimakawa wajen sarrafa da jigilar hatsi. Waɗannan alkaluma bayanai ne da jaridar ta ruwaito a lokacin, ba ƙididdigar halin da kasuwar take ciki a yau ba. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Yaya |first=Haruna Gimba |title=Gombe grain market still booms, 88 years after establishment |url=https://dailytrust.com/gombe-grain-market-still-booms-88-years-after-establishment/ |work=Daily Trust |date=17 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Harkokin ciniki a kasuwar suna taimakawa wajen samar da kuɗaɗen shiga ga 'yan kasuwa da masu aikin hannu, tare da ƙarfafa alaƙar tattalin arziki tsakanin birnin Gombe da yankunan da ke samar da hatsi. Kasuwar kuma tana da muhimmanci wajen haɗa masu noma da masu sayen amfanin gonarsu, ko dai domin amfani da shi ko kuma sake sayarwa a wasu wurare. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Yaya |first=Haruna Gimba |title=Gombe grain market still booms, 88 years after establishment |url=https://dailytrust.com/gombe-grain-market-still-booms-88-years-after-establishment/ |work=Daily Trust |date=17 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Shirin mayar da kasuwar zuwa sabon wuri ==

A watan Agusta na shekarar 2026, jaridar ''Punch'' ta ruwaito cewa Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe ta amince da ware naira miliyan 200 domin mayar da Kasuwar Tudun Hatsi zuwa hanyar Dukku, tare da ƙarin naira miliyan 60 domin biyan diyya ga mutanen da aikin zai shafa. A cewar gwamnatin, manufar shirin ita ce inganta tsarin birni, rage matsalolin zirga-zirga da kuma samar da yanayi mafi dacewa ga 'yan kasuwa da mazauna yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe approves N260m for grains market relocation |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-approves-n260m-for-grains-market-relocation/ |work=Punch |date=21 August 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Jaridar ''Vanguard'' ma ta ruwaito amincewar gwamnati kan mayar da kasuwar, tare da bayyana cewa shirin yana cikin matakan da ake ɗauka domin tsara harkokin kasuwanci da inganta birnin. Rahotannin sun kuma bayyana cewa gwamnati na son kiyaye wani masallaci mai tarihi da ke yankin kasuwar a matsayin abin tarihi na jihar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Ngwakwe |first=Ben |title=Gombe approves N530m for education, GSU, market relocation |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2026/08/gombe-approves-n530m-for-education-gsu-market-relocation/ |work=Vanguard |date=19 August 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Oktoba na shekarar 2026, jaridar ''Daily Fact'' ta ruwaito cewa ana ci gaba da aikin sabon kasuwar hatsi ta zamani a hanyar Bajoga. Rahoton ya bayyana cewa an tsara sabon kasuwar da shaguna sama da 640 da sauran kayayyakin more rayuwa. An kuma bayyana cewa an sanar da 'yan kasuwar hatsi, waɗanda aka fi sani da ƙungiyar Tudun Hatsi, game da ci gaban aikin da kuma batun matsugunin wucin gadi yayin da ake shirya wurin da suke kasuwanci a halin yanzu domin wani aikin gidan tarihi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Gombe Grains Market: Government Promises 640 Shops, Modern Facilities for Traders |url=https://dailyfacts.com.ng/2026/10/14/gombe-grains-market-government-promises-640-shops-modern-facilities-for-traders/ |work=Daily Fact |date=14 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kalubale da sauye-sauye ==

Kasuwar Tudun Hatsi tana fuskantar buƙatar inganta tsarin kasuwanci, kayayyakin more rayuwa da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa saboda matsayinta a cikin tsakiyar birni. Amincewar gwamnati da shirin mayar da kasuwar zuwa sabon wuri na nuna cewa tsara birni da samar da yanayin kasuwanci mai kyau na daga cikin dalilan da aka bayyana na sauyin. Duk da haka, aiwatar da shirin na buƙatar kula da muradun 'yan kasuwa da mutanen da rayuwarsu ta dogara da kasuwar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe approves N260m for grains market relocation |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-approves-n260m-for-grains-market-relocation/ |work=Punch |date=21 August 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Gombe]]
* [[Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe]]
* [[Ciniki da Kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Noma a Jihar Gombe]]

== Manazarta ==

{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ciniki da Kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe</title>
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    <id>179629</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969613</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T17:21:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummu Ilham</username>
        <id>45024</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sabon shafi:   '''Ciniki da Kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe''' na daga cikin muhimman ayyukan tattalin arziki a [[Jihar Gombe]], da ke arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ayyukan sun haɗa da saye da sayar da kayan amfanin gona, hatsi, dabbobi, kayan abinci, kayan masarufi da sauran kayayyaki. Matsayin Gombe a tsakiyar arewa maso gabashin Najeriya ya sa ta zama wurin da hanyoyin sufuri da kasuwanci daga jihohi da dama ke haɗuwa, lamarin da ke taimakawa wajen jigilar kayayyaki da hulɗar 'yan kasuwa....</comment>
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'''Ciniki da Kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe''' na daga cikin muhimman ayyukan tattalin arziki a [[Jihar Gombe]], da ke arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Ayyukan sun haɗa da saye da sayar da kayan amfanin gona, hatsi, dabbobi, kayan abinci, kayan masarufi da sauran kayayyaki. Matsayin Gombe a tsakiyar arewa maso gabashin Najeriya ya sa ta zama wurin da hanyoyin sufuri da kasuwanci daga jihohi da dama ke haɗuwa, lamarin da ke taimakawa wajen jigilar kayayyaki da hulɗar 'yan kasuwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi da bunƙasar kasuwanci ==

Kasuwanci a Jihar Gombe ya daɗe yana da alaƙa da noma da kiwo, inda ake sayar da amfanin gona da dabbobi domin biyan buƙatun al'umma da samar da kuɗin shiga. Bunƙasar birnin Gombe da sauran cibiyoyin kasuwanci kamar Kumo ta ƙara muhimmancin kasuwannin da ke haɗa manoma, masu kiwo, dillalai da masu sayen kayayyaki. Hukumar NIPC ta bayyana jihar a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci da noma da ke da damar samar da kayayyaki ga yankin arewa maso gabas. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manyan cibiyoyin kasuwanci ==

=== Kasuwar Hatsi ta Tudun Hatsi ===

[[Kasuwar Hatsi ta Tudun Hatsi]] da ke birnin Gombe na daga cikin fitattun wuraren cinikin hatsi a jihar. A nan ake saye da sayar da kayayyakin amfanin gona kamar masara, gero, dawa, wake, shinkafa da sauran hatsi. Rahoton jaridar ''Daily Trust'' ya bayyana cewa kasuwar ta daɗe tana gudanar da harkokin cinikinta, kuma tana da 'yan kasuwa da ma'aikata masu yawa da ke dogaro da ita wajen samun abin dogaro da kai. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Yaya |first=Haruna Gimba |title=Gombe grain market still booms, 88 years after establishment |url=https://dailytrust.com/gombe-grain-market-still-booms-88-years-after-establishment/ |work=Daily Trust |date=17 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A shekarar 2026, gwamnatin jihar ta amince da shirin mayar da kasuwar Tudun Hatsi zuwa hanyar Dukku, tare da ware kuɗaɗen tallafa wa sauyin matsugunin 'yan kasuwa da kuma biyan diyya ga waɗanda aikin ya shafa. Jaridar ''Punch'' ta ruwaito cewa an ware naira miliyan 200 domin sauya matsugunin da kayayyakin more rayuwa, tare da ƙarin naira miliyan 60 domin diyya. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Gombe approves N260m for grains market relocation |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-approves-n260m-for-grains-market-relocation/ |work=Punch |date=21 August 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe ===

Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe na daga cikin wuraren da ake saye da sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri a babban birnin jihar. Kasuwannin birane suna ba 'yan kasuwa damar sayar da kayan abinci da sauran kayayyakin masarufi ga mazauna birni da mutanen da ke zuwa daga yankunan karkara. Kasuwannin irin wannan suna taka rawa wajen rarraba kayayyaki daga dillalai zuwa masu amfani da su. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasuwannin Kumo da sauran yankuna ===

Kumo da sauran cibiyoyin kasuwanci a jihar suna taimakawa wajen haɗa manoma da masu sayen amfanin gona, musamman a yankunan da noma ke da muhimmanci. Kasuwannin karkara suna zama wuraren da ake tattara amfanin gona daga gonaki kafin a kai shi manyan kasuwanni ko a sayar da shi ga masu sarrafawa. Hakan yana taimakawa wajen haɗa samar da kayayyaki a karkara da buƙatun kasuwannin birane. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasuwar kayan lambu da sauran kayan amfanin gona ===

A watan Yunin 2026, an ƙaddamar da sabuwar kasuwar kayan amfanin gona masu saurin lalacewa a Kwadon, cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Yamaltu-Deba. Jaridar ''Punch'' ta ruwaito cewa kasuwar tana da shaguna 160, kuma an samar da wasu kayayyakin more rayuwa kamar hanya, hasken titi mai amfani da hasken rana da wuraren samar da ruwa. An tsara kasuwar ne domin inganta damar manoma na sayar da amfanin gonarsu da rage asarar kayan amfanin gona bayan girbi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=FG unveils 160-shop vegetable market in Gombe |url=https://punchng.com/fg-unveils-160-shop-vegetable-market-in-gombe/ |work=Punch |date=24 June 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manyan kayayyakin ciniki ==

=== Hatsi da amfanin gona ===

Hatsi da sauran amfanin gona suna da muhimmanci a harkokin ciniki na Jihar Gombe. Kayayyakin da ake nomawa a jihar sun haɗa da masara, gero, dawa, shinkafa, gyada, wake da auduga. Hukumar NIPC ta bayyana cewa jihar tana da damar bunƙasa sarrafa amfanin gona, musamman auduga da ƙwayar gum arabic, waɗanda za su iya samar da albarkatun masana'antu da kayayyakin kasuwanci. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Farashin hatsi yana da tasiri ga manoma, dillalai da masu saye. A watan Oktoban 2025, jaridar ''National Economy'' ta ruwaito cewa manoma da 'yan kasuwa a kasuwannin hatsi na Gombe Central da Tudun Hatsi sun nuna damuwa kan raguwar farashin wasu hatsi, wanda suka danganta da yawaitar amfanin gona da ƙarancin buƙata. Wannan ya nuna cewa canjin farashi na iya shafar kuɗin shiga da shawarwarin saye da sayarwa na masu ruwa da tsaki a harkar noma. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Ibe |first=Ngozi |title=Farmers Decry Sharp Drop In Grain Prices Across Gombe Markets |url=https://nationaleconomy.com/farmers-decry-sharp-drop-in-grain-prices-across-gombe-markets/ |work=National Economy |date=14 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dabbobi da kayayyakin kiwo ===

Cinikin dabbobi na daga cikin muhimman ayyukan tattalin arzikin jihar. Ana saye da sayar da shanu, tumaki, awaki da sauran dabbobi domin nama, kiwo da sauran buƙatun kasuwanci. A watan Agustan 2026, Voice of Nigeria ta ruwaito cewa gwamnatin jihar na son bunƙasa harkar kiwo ta hanyar haɗa kiwo, yanka dabbobi, sarrafa nama, marufi da jigilar kayayyaki zuwa kasuwannin cikin jihar da wajen jihar. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Mu’azu |first=Rebecca |title=Gombe Targets Livestock-Led Economic Transformation |url=https://von.gov.ng/gombe-targets-livestock-led-economic-transformation/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=18 August 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kayan masarufi da sana'o'in hannu ===

Baya ga amfanin gona da dabbobi, ana gudanar da cinikin kayan masarufi, tufafi, kayan aikin gida da sauran kayayyakin da ake amfani da su a rayuwar yau da kullum. Ƙananan shaguna, dillalai da masu sana'o'in hannu suna taka rawa wajen samar da kayayyaki da ayyuka ga mazauna birane da karkara. Hukumomin zuba jari na jihar suna nuna cewa bunƙasa harkokin kasuwanci da masana'antu na daga cikin hanyoyin faɗaɗa ayyukan tattalin arziki. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State Investment Promotion Agency |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/investment-promotion/ |website=Gombe State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Cinikin kaya da sufuri ==

Sufuri yana da muhimmanci wajen gudanar da ciniki a Jihar Gombe, domin ana buƙatar kai amfanin gona daga gonaki zuwa kasuwanni, sannan a jigilar kayayyaki zuwa masu saye a wasu garuruwa da jihohi. Hukumar NIPC ta bayyana cewa hanyoyin da suka haɗu a Gombe suna ba jihar damar zama cibiyar rarraba kayayyaki ga wasu sassan arewa maso gabas. Wannan matsayin yana da amfani ga dillalai, masu jigilar kaya da masu samar da kayayyaki. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Masana'antu da sarrafa kayayyaki ==

Sarrafa amfanin gona kafin sayar da shi na iya ƙara darajar kayayyaki da samar da ayyukan yi. A shekarar 2024, Hukumar NIPC ta ziyarci Muhammadu Buhari Industrial Park da ke Gombe, inda aka nuna ɓangarorin sarrafa shinkafa da mai. An bayyana cewa yankin masana'antar yana da damar jawo zuba jari a harkokin sarrafa amfanin gona, yadi da sauran fannoni. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=NIPC Delegation Tours Muhammadu Buhari Industrial Park in Gombe State |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/news/2024/05/27/nipc-delegation-tours-muhammadu-buhari-industrial-park-in-gombe-state |work=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |date=27 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gwamnatin jihar ta kuma bayyana shirye-shiryen jawo masu zuba jari a sarrafa kayayyakin noma da sauran masana'antu. A watan Disamban 2025, jaridar ''The Guardian'' ta ruwaito cewa jihar ta samu sabbin zuba jari guda biyar a fannoni da suka haɗa da masana'antu, sarrafa amfanin gona, kayan aikin noma da kiwon kaji. Waɗannan ayyukan na iya ƙarfafa haɗin kai tsakanin manoma, masu sarrafa kayayyaki da kasuwanni. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Falaju |first=Joke |title=Gombe state boosts investors’ confidence, secures five new investments |url=https://guardian.ng/news/gombe-state-boosts-investors-confidence-secures-five-new-investments/ |work=The Guardian |date=30 December 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ƙananan da matsakaitan sana'o'i ==

Ƙananan da matsakaitan sana'o'i suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da aikin yi da kuɗin shiga a Jihar Gombe. Wannan rukuni ya haɗa da masu shaguna, masu sayar da abinci, dillalan amfanin gona, masu gyaran kayayyaki da sauran masu gudanar da sana'o'in kansu. Inganta yanayin kasuwanci da sauƙaƙa hanyoyin gudanar da sana'a na daga cikin matakan da za su iya taimaka wa waɗannan 'yan kasuwa su bunƙasa. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=PEBEC Holds Town Hall Meeting in Gombe as Part of Nationwide Ease-of-Doing-Business |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/pebec-holds-town-hall-meeting-in-gombe-as-part-of-nationwide-ease-of-doing-business/ |work=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=15 June 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Zuba jari da manufofin gwamnati ==

Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe tana amfani da hukumar inganta zuba jari ta jihar wajen jawo masu zuba jari da bayyana damar kasuwanci. Hukumomin zuba jari sun nuna sha'awar bunƙasa sarrafa amfanin gona, albarkatun ma'adinai da sauran masana'antu. Haɗin gwiwa tsakanin gwamnati da masu zaman kansu na iya taimakawa wajen samar da wuraren kasuwanci, shaguna, rumbunan ajiya da kayayyakin more rayuwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe State Investment Promotion Agency |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/investment-promotion/ |website=Gombe State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Yunin 2026, Majalisar Shugaban Ƙasa kan Samar da Yanayin Kasuwanci Mai Sauƙi (PEBEC) ta gudanar da taron masu ruwa da tsaki a Gombe domin tattauna gyare-gyaren da za su inganta harkokin kasuwanci. Ma'aikatar Yaɗa Labarai ta Tarayya ta ruwaito cewa gwamnatin jihar ta sake jaddada aniyarta ta inganta gaskiya, inganci da sauƙin gudanar da ayyukan gwamnati domin ƙarfafa zuba jari da bunƙasar tattalin arziki. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Anyanwu |first=Samuel |title=PEBEC Holds Town Hall Meeting in Gombe as Part of Nationwide Ease-of-Doing-Business |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/pebec-holds-town-hall-meeting-in-gombe-as-part-of-nationwide-ease-of-doing-business/ |work=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=15 June 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kalubalen ciniki da kasuwanci ==

Ɗaya daga cikin ƙalubalen kasuwancin amfanin gona shi ne sauyin farashi, wanda zai iya jawo asara ga manoma da dillalai idan farashin ya faɗi bayan sun sayi ko adana kayayyaki. Rahoton ''National Economy'' na Oktoban 2025 ya bayyana damuwar manoma da 'yan kasuwa game da raguwar farashin hatsi a kasuwannin Gombe. Irin wannan sauyi na nuna muhimmancin samun bayanan kasuwa, ingantattun wuraren ajiya da hanyoyin sarrafa amfanin gona. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Ibe |first=Ngozi |title=Farmers Decry Sharp Drop In Grain Prices Across Gombe Markets |url=https://nationaleconomy.com/farmers-decry-sharp-drop-in-grain-prices-across-gombe-markets/ |work=National Economy |date=14 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rashin isassun wuraren ajiya da matsalolin sufuri na iya shafar yadda ake kai kayayyaki kasuwa da kiyaye ingancinsu. Voice of Nigeria ta bayyana cewa sabuwar kasuwar kayan amfanin gona a Kwadon an samar da ita ne domin inganta damar manoma na samun kasuwa da rage asarar kayan da ke lalacewa bayan girbi. Wannan yana nuna muhimmancin samar da rumbunan ajiya, hanyoyi da sauran kayan more rayuwa ga harkokin kasuwanci. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Mu’azu |first=Rebecca |title=NALDA Perishables Market Opens in Gombe |url=https://von.gov.ng/nalda-perishables-market-opens-in-gombe/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=25 June 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Makomar ciniki da kasuwanci ==

Bunƙasa ciniki a Jihar Gombe na da alaƙa da inganta kasuwanni, sufuri, sarrafa amfanin gona, kiwo da samun damar jawo zuba jari. Shirin sabon kasuwar hatsi ta zamani a hanyar Bajoga, wanda aka ruwaito a watan Oktoban 2026, ya ƙunshi shaguna sama da 640 da sauran kayayyakin more rayuwa kamar rumbunan ajiya da hanyoyin shiga. Idan aka kammala shi bisa tsarin da aka sanar, aikin na iya samar da yanayin kasuwanci mai tsari ga 'yan kasuwar hatsi. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Gombe Grains Market: Government Promises 640 Shops, Modern Facilities for Traders |url=https://dailyfacts.com.ng/2026/10/14/gombe-grains-market-government-promises-640-shops-modern-facilities-for-traders/ |work=Daily Fact |date=14 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Haɗa noma, sarrafa kayayyaki, kiwo, sufuri da ciniki zai iya ƙara darajar amfanin gona da samar da ayyukan yi a jihar. Matsayin Gombe a matsayin hanyar haɗin kasuwanci a arewa maso gabas, tare da damar da ke cikin sarrafa amfanin gona da masana'antu, na daga cikin abubuwan da za su iya taimaka wa jihar wajen faɗaɗa kasuwancinta. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gombe |url=https://nipc.gov.ng/nigeria/gombe |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Duba kuma ==

* [[Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Tattalin arzikin Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Kasuwar Hatsi ta Tudun Hatsi]]
* [[Babbar Kasuwar Birnin Gombe]]
* [[Noma a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Kiwo a Jihar Gombe]]
* [[Haƙar ma'adinai a Jihar Gombe]]

== Manazarta ==

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  <page>
    <title>Dam ɗin Dadin Kowa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179630</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969617</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T17:39:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummu Ilham</username>
        <id>45024</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sabon shafi: '''Dam ɗin Dadin Kowa''' babban dam ne mai amfani da dama da dama da ke kan [[Kogin Gongola]] a ƙaramar hukumar Yamaltu-Deba, a Jihar Gombe, Najeriya. Ana amfani da dam ɗin wajen samar da ruwan sha, ban-ruwa ga gonaki, samar da wutar lantarki da kuma ayyukan da suka shafi kamun kifi. Hukumomin ruwa na Najeriya sun bayyana dam ɗin a matsayin muhimmin aikin samar da ruwa da inganta noma a yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinko...</comment>
      <origin>969617</origin>
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      <text bytes="10830" sha1="ii49ttqsj6uu4fckfhn1ln6qoo7lyrk" xml:space="preserve">'''Dam ɗin Dadin Kowa''' babban dam ne mai amfani da dama da dama da ke kan [[Kogin Gongola]] a ƙaramar hukumar Yamaltu-Deba, a Jihar Gombe, Najeriya. Ana amfani da dam ɗin wajen samar da ruwan sha, ban-ruwa ga gonaki, samar da wutar lantarki da kuma ayyukan da suka shafi kamun kifi. Hukumomin ruwa na Najeriya sun bayyana dam ɗin a matsayin muhimmin aikin samar da ruwa da inganta noma a yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wuri da yanayin ƙasa ==

Dam ɗin Dadin Kowa yana arewacin ƙauyen Dadin Kowa, a ƙaramar hukumar Yamaltu-Deba ta Jihar Gombe. Yana da nisan kusan kilomita 37 zuwa 38 daga garin Gombe, a hanyar Gombe–Biu. An gina shi a kan Kogin Gongola, inda ya samar da tafkin da ake amfani da shi wajen ayyukan ruwa da noma. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Final Report: Dadin Kowa Dam ESMP |url=https://www.triming.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Dadin-Kowa-ESMP-draft-final-report.pdf |website=Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi da gina dam ɗin ==

An fara nazarin yiwuwar gina dam ɗin a shekarar 1957, lokacin da hukumar Niger Dams Authority ta fara la'akari da yankin domin samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa. A shekarar 1976, Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority ta ɗauki matakin sake nazarin aikin tare da inganta tsare-tsaren injiniya domin a gina dam mai amfani ga fannoni da dama. An bayar da kwangilar aikin gina dam ɗin a shekarar 1980. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An kammala muhimman ayyukan gina dam ɗin a ƙarshen shekarun 1980. Rahoton hukumar Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority ya nuna cewa an fara cika tafkin a shekarar 1987, sannan aka ƙaddamar da ayyukan gine-ginen dam ɗin a ranar 15 ga Yuni 1988, a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Ibrahim Babangida. An tsara aikin tun farko ne domin samar da wutar lantarki, ban-ruwa, ruwan sha da sarrafa kwararar ruwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsarin gini da girma ==

Dam ɗin Dadin Kowa ya ƙunshi sassan gini guda biyu: ɓangaren dam na siminti da aka gina da hanyar roller-compacted concrete, da kuma ɓangaren shingen ƙasa. Rahoton fasaha na aikin ya bayyana cewa tsayinsa ya kai kusan mita 42, yayin da tsawon saman dam ɗin ya kai kusan mita 520. An tsara mashigar fitar da ruwa domin sarrafa yawan ruwan da ke wucewa ta dam ɗin a lokacin da ake buƙata. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Final Report: Dadin Kowa Dam ESMP |url=https://www.triming.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Dadin-Kowa-ESMP-draft-final-report.pdf |website=Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tafkin Dadin Kowa yana da faɗin kusan murabba'in kilomita 300, kuma an tsara cikakken ƙarfin ajiyar ruwansa ya kai kusan mita kubik biliyan 2.8. Sai dai adadin ruwan da za a iya amfani da shi a kowane lokaci na iya bambanta da jimillar ƙarfin ajiyar tafkin, saboda sauyin yanayi, aikin dam ɗin da kuma taruwar laka a cikin tafkin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Final Report: Dadin Kowa Dam ESMP |url=https://www.triming.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Dadin-Kowa-ESMP-draft-final-report.pdf |website=Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Amfanin dam ɗin ==

=== Samar da wutar lantarki ===

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan manufofin gina dam ɗin shi ne samar da wutar lantarki ta amfani da ƙarfin ruwan da ke gudana. An gina tashar samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin megawatt 40 a wurin dam ɗin. A ranar 22 ga Mayu 2023, an ƙaddamar da aikin samar da wutar lantarkin, wanda kamfanin Mabon Limited ya gudanar ƙarƙashin tsarin yarjejeniyar ginawa, gudanarwa da mayar da aikin ga gwamnati bayan wa'adin yarjejeniya. Rahotannin kafafen yaɗa labarai sun bayyana cewa tashar tana ba da gudummawa ga wutar lantarkin da ake shigarwa cikin babbar hanyar sadarwar lantarki ta ƙasa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Onyedika-Ugoeze |first=Nkechi |title=FG commissions 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Emorinken |first=Moses |title=Gombe gets 40 MW hydroelectric power plant |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/gombe-gets-40-mw-hydroelectric-power-plant/ |work=The Nation |date=22 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ban-ruwa da noma ===

Dam ɗin yana da muhimmanci ga aikin ban-ruwa, musamman a lokacin rani lokacin da ruwan sama yake ƙaranci. An tsara aikin ne domin samar da ruwa ga filayen noma a yankin Dadin Kowa da kuma tsarin ban-ruwa na Guyuk. A cewar hukumar Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority, an gano jimillar fili mai girman kusan hekta 30,000 da za a iya yi wa ban-ruwa a cikin shirin Dadin Kowa da Guyuk, ko da yake cikakken amfani da wannan fili yana buƙatar ci gaba da gina magudanan ruwa da sauran kayayyakin more rayuwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Irrigation Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dkowairrigation.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An kuma shigar da dam ɗin cikin shirin Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria (TRIMING), wanda aka tsara domin inganta tsarin ban-ruwa, magudanar ruwa da gudanar da albarkatun ruwa. A watan Satumba na 2024, Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Ruwa da Tsabtace Muhalli ta Tarayya ta bayyana cewa aikin dam ɗin yana taimaka wa ban-ruwa, tare da ci gaba da ƙoƙarin faɗaɗa filayen da ake noma ta hanyar amfani da ruwan dam ɗin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam is Secure and Fully Functional, Says Minister of Water Resources and Sanitation |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/dadin-kowa-dam-is-secure-and-fully-functional-says-minister-of-water-resources-and-sanitation/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=4 September 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Samar da ruwan sha ===

Dam ɗin Dadin Kowa yana daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin samar da ruwan sha ga garin Gombe da wasu al'ummomin da ke kusa. Ana ɗebo ruwa daga tafkin zuwa matatar ruwa domin tsarkake shi kafin a rarraba shi ta bututun ruwa. A baya, hukumomin ruwa sun bayyana cewa an tsara matatar ruwan domin samar da miliyoyin lita na ruwa a kowace rana, amma buƙatar jama'a, yanayin kayan aiki da matsalolin rarrabawa suna tasiri ga yawan ruwan da jama'a ke samu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Gombe's big dive against water scarcity |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/gombes-big-dive-against-water-scarcity/ |work=The Nation}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kamun kifi da tattalin arziki ===

Tafkin Dadin Kowa yana samar da damar kamun kifi da kiwon kifi, waɗanda ke taimaka wa samar da abinci da samun kuɗin shiga. Ayyukan kamun kifi da kiwon kifi suna ba wasu mazauna yankin damar sana'a, yayin da cinikin kifin ke samar da hanyar samun kuɗi ga masu kamun kifi, masu kiwo da 'yan kasuwa. Rahoton News Agency of Nigeria da aka wallafa a jaridar The Nation ya ba da misalin wani mazaunin Dadin Kowa wanda ya samu kuɗin shiga daga kiwon kifi da sayar da ƙananan kifaye. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=I made over N3m from fish farming in 2020 – 70-yr-old retiree |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/page/31421/?p=help |work=The Nation |publisher=News Agency of Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gudanar da dam da tsaro ==

Tsaron dam yana da muhimmanci saboda yawan ruwan da yake ajiyewa da kuma amfanin da yake yi ga jama'a. A ranar 4 ga Satumba 2024, Ministan Albarkatun Ruwa da Tsabtace Muhalli na Tarayya, Joseph Terlumun Utsev, ya ziyarci dam ɗin tare da jami'an gwamnati da ƙwararrun ruwa. Ma'aikatar ta bayyana cewa ana gudanar da sa ido da duba kayan aikin dam ɗin akai-akai, tare da tabbatar da cewa manyan sassa kamar mashigar fitar da ruwa da bututun da ke kai ruwa zuwa injinan samar da lantarki suna aiki. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam is Secure and Fully Functional, Says Minister of Water Resources and Sanitation |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/dadin-kowa-dam-is-secure-and-fully-functional-says-minister-of-water-resources-and-sanitation/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=4 September 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kalubale da abubuwan da ake buƙatar ingantawa ==

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙalubalen aikin dam ɗin shi ne yadda za a faɗaɗa amfani da ruwansa domin amfanar ƙarin manoma. Rahoton aikin ban-ruwa na Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority ya nuna cewa rashin kammala wasu magudanan ruwa da ƙarancin kuɗaɗen aiwatar da ayyuka sun hana cikakken amfani da filayen da aka tsara za a yi wa ban-ruwa. Saboda haka, kammala kayayyakin more rayuwa da inganta tsarin kula da ruwa suna da muhimmanci wajen ƙara amfanin dam ɗin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Irrigation Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dkowairrigation.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wani muhimmin batu shi ne kiyaye lafiyar muhalli da tsaron jama'ar da ke zaune a kusa da tafkin. Canjin matakin ruwa, ambaliyar ruwa, zaizayar ƙasa da taruwar laka na iya shafar amfani da tafkin da ayyukan noma. Rahoton nazarin tasirin muhalli da zamantakewa na dam ɗin ya jaddada muhimmancin sa ido kan tsaro, sarrafa ruwa da kula da tasirin ayyukan dam ɗin ga al'ummomin da ke kewaye. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Final Report: Dadin Kowa Dam ESMP |url=https://www.triming.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Dadin-Kowa-ESMP-draft-final-report.pdf |website=Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhimmanci ga Jihar Gombe ==

Dam ɗin Dadin Kowa yana daga cikin muhimman kayayyakin more rayuwa na Jihar Gombe saboda yana haɗa fannoni da dama na ci gaba, ciki har da wutar lantarki, samar da ruwan sha, noma da kiwon kifi. Faɗaɗa amfani da dam ɗin da inganta hanyoyin rarraba ruwa da wutar lantarki na iya taimakawa wajen ƙara samar da abinci, samar da ayyukan yi da bunƙasa tattalin arzikin yankin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=FG commissions 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Irrigation Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dkowairrigation.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

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  <page>
    <title>Madatsar Ruwa ta Dadin Kowa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179631</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969621</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T17:51:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ummu Ilham</username>
        <id>45024</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sabon shafi:    '''Madatsar Ruwa ta Dadin Kowa''' babbar madatsar ruwa ce da ke kan [[Kogin Gongola]], a Ƙaramar Hukumar Yamaltu/Deba ta Jihar Gombe, Najeriya. Tana kusan kilomita 37 daga garin Gombe a kan hanyar Gombe zuwa Biu, kuma tana kusan kilomita biyar daga ƙauyen Dadin Kowa. An gina madatsar ne domin amfani da ruwa wajen ban-ruwa, samar da ruwan sha da samar da wutar lantarki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benu...</comment>
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      <text bytes="10626" sha1="e7rsjrf0pzztvxb286n5wu0x91x03jz" xml:space="preserve"> 

'''Madatsar Ruwa ta Dadin Kowa''' babbar madatsar ruwa ce da ke kan [[Kogin Gongola]], a Ƙaramar Hukumar Yamaltu/Deba ta Jihar Gombe, Najeriya. Tana kusan kilomita 37 daga garin Gombe a kan hanyar Gombe zuwa Biu, kuma tana kusan kilomita biyar daga ƙauyen Dadin Kowa. An gina madatsar ne domin amfani da ruwa wajen ban-ruwa, samar da ruwan sha da samar da wutar lantarki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi ==

An fara nazarin yiwuwar gina madatsar Dadin Kowa a shekarar 1957, lokacin da Hukumar Niger Dams Authority ta gano damar amfani da Kogin Gongola wajen samar da wutar lantarki. A shekarar 1976, Hukumar Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority ta ɗauki matakin sake nazarin tsare-tsaren gina madatsar tare da taimakon kamfanin injiniya na Shawmont Montreal Engineering Corporation na Kanada, domin a samar da madatsar da za ta iya gudanar da ayyuka da dama.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An bayar da kwangilar gina madatsar a shekarar 1980 ga kamfanin Stirling Civil Engineering Limited. An fara tara ruwa a madatsar a shekarar 1987, sannan aka ƙaddamar da manyan ayyukan ginin farar hula a hukumance a ranar 15 ga Yuni 1988, a zamanin mulkin Shugaban Ƙasa na lokacin, Ibrahim Babangida. An tsara aikin ne a matsayin madatsar amfani da dama, ba wai samar da wutar lantarki kaɗai ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wuri da tsarin madatsar ==

Madatsar tana kan Kogin Gongola, wanda yake cikin tsarin kogunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya. Tana da tafkin da ke tara ruwa domin amfani a lokutan da ake buƙatarsa. Tafkin yana da muhimmanci ga ayyukan ban-ruwa, samar da ruwan sha da samar da wutar lantarki, musamman a yankunan da ke dogaro da ruwan kogin domin noma da sauran ayyukan yau da kullum.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rahotannin aikin sun bayyana cewa an tsara madatsar da ƙarfin ajiyar ruwa na kusan mita kubik biliyan 2.8. Wannan shi ne adadin ajiyar ruwa da aka ruwaito a matsayin jimillar ƙarfin tafkin, ba adadin ruwan da za a iya amfani da shi kai tsaye a kowane lokaci ba. A watan Satumba na 2024, Ma'aikatar Yaɗa Labarai ta Tarayya ta ruwaito cewa ƙarfin ajiyar ruwan da ake iya amfani da shi (*live storage capacity*) ya kai mita kubik miliyan 1.77, amma wannan adadi ya bambanta sosai da jimillar ajiyar da aka bayyana a wasu rahotanni; saboda haka yana buƙatar sake tabbatarwa daga takardun fasaha kafin a ɗauke shi a matsayin adadi tabbatacce.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=FG commissions 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam is Secure and Fully Functional, Says Minister of Water Resources and Sanitation |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/dadin-kowa-dam-is-secure-and-fully-functional-says-minister-of-water-resources-and-sanitation/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=4 September 2024 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Samar da wutar lantarki ==

Samar da wutar lantarki na daga cikin manyan dalilan gina madatsar. Aikin samar da wutar lantarkin Dadin Kowa yana da ƙarfin da aka girka na megawatt 40. Gwamnatin Tarayya ta bai wa kamfanin Mabon Limited yarjejeniyar gina, gudanarwa da miƙa aikin bayan wa'adin yarjejeniya, wato tsarin *Build–Operate–Transfer* (BOT). An kammala aikin tashar kuma aka ƙaddamar da ita a watan Mayu na shekarar 2023, bayan an ɗauki shekaru ana ƙoƙarin kammala ɓangaren samar da wutar lantarkin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Onyedika-Ugoeze |first=Nkechi |title=FG commissions 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Afrilu na shekarar 2026, jaridar *BusinessDay* ta ruwaito cewa tashar tana samar da kusan megawatt 17 a lokacin ziyarar kwamitin Majalisar Wakilai mai kula da sauye-sauyen ɓangaren wutar lantarki. Rahoton ya bayyana cewa yawan wutar da ake samarwa yana canzawa gwargwadon matakin ruwa da ke tafkin, duk da cewa tashar tana da ƙarfin samar da megawatt 40. Haka kuma, rahoton ya ce tashar ta samar da sama da kilowatt-hour miliyan 750 tun lokacin da ta fara kasuwanci a watan Disamba na 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ajakaiye |first=Adeola |title=Gombe’s 40MW Dadim Kowa hydro plant to power stability in North-East, says House of Reps Committee |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/gombes-40mw-dadim-kowa-hydro-plant-to-power-stability-in-north-east-says-house-of-reps-committee/ |work=BusinessDay |date=21 April 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ban-ruwa da noma ==

Madatsar Dadin Kowa tana taimakawa wajen samar da ruwa domin noman ban-ruwa. Tsarin aikin ya ƙunshi magudanan ruwa da aka tsara domin kai ruwa zuwa gonaki, ta yadda manoma za su iya yin noma a lokacin da ruwan sama bai wadatar ba. Hukumar Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority ta bayyana cewa an tsara manyan yankunan ban-ruwa na Dadin Kowa da Guyuk domin faɗaɗa noman rani da ƙara yawan amfanin gona.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Satumba na shekarar 2024, gwamnatin tarayya ta bayyana cewa ana amfani da ruwan madatsar wajen ban-ruwa a kusan hekta 2,100, yayin da aka tsara faɗaɗa tsarin zuwa hekta 30,000. Aikin Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria (TRIMING) yana daga cikin shirye-shiryen inganta tsarin ban-ruwa da sarrafa ruwa a yankin. Idan aka kammala ayyukan da aka tsara, za su iya taimakawa wajen ƙara yawan noman rani, samar da aikin yi da inganta samar da abinci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam is Secure and Fully Functional, Says Minister of Water Resources and Sanitation |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/dadin-kowa-dam-is-secure-and-fully-functional-says-minister-of-water-resources-and-sanitation/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=4 September 2024 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Samar da ruwan sha ==

Madatsar Dadin Kowa tana daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin samar da ruwan sha ga garin Gombe da wasu al'ummomin da ke kusa. Ana ɗaukar ruwa daga tafkin zuwa matatar ruwa domin sarrafa shi kafin a rarraba shi ga masu amfani. A lokacin ƙaddamar da tashar wutar lantarkin a shekarar 2023, rahotanni sun bayyana cewa aikin yana da alaƙa da samar da ruwa mai yawa ga Gombe da yankunan da ke kewaye, tare da ƙarfafa ayyukan noma da samar da makamashi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Onyedika-Ugoeze |first=Nkechi |title=FG commissions 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kamun kifi da tattalin arziki ==

Tafkin Dadin Kowa yana ba da damar kamun kifi da sauran ayyukan da suka danganci ruwa. Kamun kifi na iya samar da abinci da kuɗin shiga ga mazauna yankunan da ke kewaye da tafkin. Bugu da ƙari, ayyukan ban-ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki na iya taimakawa wajen bunƙasa kasuwanci, samar da ayyukan yi da tallafa wa ƙananan masana'antu a Jihar Gombe da yankunan arewa maso gabas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ajakaiye |first=Adeola |title=Gombe’s 40MW Dadim Kowa hydro plant to power stability in North-East, says House of Reps Committee |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/gombes-40mw-dadim-kowa-hydro-plant-to-power-stability-in-north-east-says-house-of-reps-committee/ |work=BusinessDay |date=21 April 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsaro da muhalli ==

Tsaron madatsar da kula da muhalli suna da muhimmanci saboda tafkin yana da alaƙa da rayuwar al'ummomin da ke kusa da shi. A ranar 4 ga Satumba 2024, Ma'aikatar Ruwa da Tsaftar Muhalli ta Tarayya ta bayyana cewa madatsar tana cikin yanayi mai kyau, kuma ana gudanar da bincike da sa ido akai-akai kan muhimman sassa kamar hanyar fitar da ruwa da bututun da ke kai ruwa zuwa injinan samar da wutar lantarki. Wannan bayani ya biyo bayan damuwar da aka bayyana a baya game da lafiyar madatsar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam is Secure and Fully Functional, Says Minister of Water Resources and Sanitation |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/dadin-kowa-dam-is-secure-and-fully-functional-says-minister-of-water-resources-and-sanitation/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=4 September 2024 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamar sauran manyan madatsun ruwa, Dadin Kowa na buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullum domin rage haɗarin zaizayar ƙasa, taruwar laka a tafki, gurɓatar ruwa da matsalolin da ka iya tasowa sakamakon sauyin matakin ruwa. Nazarin tasirin muhalli na aikin ya nuna muhimmancin sa ido kan yadda faɗaɗa tsarin ban-ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki za su shafi albarkatun ruwa da al'ummomin yankin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |title=Final Report: Dadin Kowa Dam Environmental and Social Management Plan |url=https://www.triming.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Dadin-Kowa-ESMP-draft-final-report.pdf |publisher=Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria Project |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhimmancin madatsar ==

Madatsar Ruwa ta Dadin Kowa na da muhimmanci ga ci gaban Jihar Gombe da Najeriya baki ɗaya. Tana tallafa wa samar da wutar lantarki, ruwan sha, ban-ruwa da kamun kifi, tare da samar da dama ga ayyukan kasuwanci da noma. Saboda waɗannan ayyuka, tana daga cikin muhimman ababen more rayuwa da ke taimakawa wajen bunƙasa tattalin arzikin arewa maso gabashin Najeriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ajakaiye |first=Adeola |title=Gombe’s 40MW Dadim Kowa hydro plant to power stability in North-East, says House of Reps Committee |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/gombes-40mw-dadim-kowa-hydro-plant-to-power-stability-in-north-east-says-house-of-reps-committee/ |work=BusinessDay |date=21 April 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

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'''Madatsar Ruwa ta Dadin Kowa''' babbar madatsar ruwa ce da ke kan [[Kogin Gongola]], a Ƙaramar Hukumar Yamaltu/Deba ta Jihar Gombe, Najeriya. Tana kusan kilomita 37 daga garin Gombe a kan hanyar Gombe zuwa Biu, kuma tana kusan kilomita biyar daga ƙauyen Dadin Kowa. An gina madatsar ne domin amfani da ruwa wajen ban-ruwa, samar da ruwan sha da samar da wutar lantarki.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarihi ==

An fara nazarin yiwuwar gina madatsar Dadin Kowa a shekarar 1957, lokacin da Hukumar Niger Dams Authority ta gano damar amfani da Kogin Gongola wajen samar da wutar lantarki. A shekarar 1976, Hukumar Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority ta ɗauki matakin sake nazarin tsare-tsaren gina madatsar tare da taimakon kamfanin injiniya na Shawmont Montreal Engineering Corporation na Kanada, domin a samar da madatsar da za ta iya gudanar da ayyuka da dama.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An bayar da kwangilar gina madatsar a shekarar 1980 ga kamfanin Stirling Civil Engineering Limited. An fara tara ruwa a madatsar a shekarar 1987, sannan aka ƙaddamar da manyan ayyukan ginin farar hula a hukumance a ranar 15 ga Yuni 1988, a zamanin mulkin Shugaban Ƙasa na lokacin, Ibrahim Babangida. An tsara aikin ne a matsayin madatsar amfani da dama, ba wai samar da wutar lantarki kaɗai ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wuri da tsarin madatsar ==

Madatsar tana kan Kogin Gongola, wanda yake cikin tsarin kogunan arewa maso gabashin Najeriya. Tana da tafkin da ke tara ruwa domin amfani a lokutan da ake buƙatarsa. Tafkin yana da muhimmanci ga ayyukan ban-ruwa, samar da ruwan sha da samar da wutar lantarki, musamman a yankunan da ke dogaro da ruwan kogin domin noma da sauran ayyukan yau da kullum.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rahotannin aikin sun bayyana cewa an tsara madatsar da ƙarfin ajiyar ruwa na kusan mita kubik biliyan 2.8. Wannan shi ne adadin ajiyar ruwa da aka ruwaito a matsayin jimillar ƙarfin tafkin, ba adadin ruwan da za a iya amfani da shi kai tsaye a kowane lokaci ba. A watan Satumba na 2024, Ma'aikatar Yaɗa Labarai ta Tarayya ta ruwaito cewa ƙarfin ajiyar ruwan da ake iya amfani da shi (*live storage capacity*) ya kai mita kubik miliyan 1.77, amma wannan adadi ya bambanta sosai da jimillar ajiyar da aka bayyana a wasu rahotanni; saboda haka yana buƙatar sake tabbatarwa daga takardun fasaha kafin a ɗauke shi a matsayin adadi tabbatacce.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=FG commissions 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam is Secure and Fully Functional, Says Minister of Water Resources and Sanitation |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/dadin-kowa-dam-is-secure-and-fully-functional-says-minister-of-water-resources-and-sanitation/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=4 September 2024 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Samar da wutar lantarki ==

Samar da wutar lantarki na daga cikin manyan dalilan gina madatsar. Aikin samar da wutar lantarkin Dadin Kowa yana da ƙarfin da aka girka na megawatt 40. Gwamnatin Tarayya ta bai wa kamfanin Mabon Limited yarjejeniyar gina, gudanarwa da miƙa aikin bayan wa'adin yarjejeniya, wato tsarin *Build–Operate–Transfer* (BOT). An kammala aikin tashar kuma aka ƙaddamar da ita a watan Mayu na shekarar 2023, bayan an ɗauki shekaru ana ƙoƙarin kammala ɓangaren samar da wutar lantarkin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Onyedika-Ugoeze |first=Nkechi |title=FG commissions 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Afrilu na shekarar 2026, jaridar *BusinessDay* ta ruwaito cewa tashar tana samar da kusan megawatt 17 a lokacin ziyarar kwamitin Majalisar Wakilai mai kula da sauye-sauyen ɓangaren wutar lantarki. Rahoton ya bayyana cewa yawan wutar da ake samarwa yana canzawa gwargwadon matakin ruwa da ke tafkin, duk da cewa tashar tana da ƙarfin samar da megawatt 40. Haka kuma, rahoton ya ce tashar ta samar da sama da kilowatt-hour miliyan 750 tun lokacin da ta fara kasuwanci a watan Disamba na 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ajakaiye |first=Adeola |title=Gombe’s 40MW Dadim Kowa hydro plant to power stability in North-East, says House of Reps Committee |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/gombes-40mw-dadim-kowa-hydro-plant-to-power-stability-in-north-east-says-house-of-reps-committee/ |work=BusinessDay |date=21 April 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ban-ruwa da noma ==

Madatsar Dadin Kowa tana taimakawa wajen samar da ruwa domin noman ban-ruwa. Tsarin aikin ya ƙunshi magudanan ruwa da aka tsara domin kai ruwa zuwa gonaki, ta yadda manoma za su iya yin noma a lokacin da ruwan sama bai wadatar ba. Hukumar Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority ta bayyana cewa an tsara manyan yankunan ban-ruwa na Dadin Kowa da Guyuk domin faɗaɗa noman rani da ƙara yawan amfanin gona.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A watan Satumba na shekarar 2024, gwamnatin tarayya ta bayyana cewa ana amfani da ruwan madatsar wajen ban-ruwa a kusan hekta 2,100, yayin da aka tsara faɗaɗa tsarin zuwa hekta 30,000. Aikin Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria (TRIMING) yana daga cikin shirye-shiryen inganta tsarin ban-ruwa da sarrafa ruwa a yankin. Idan aka kammala ayyukan da aka tsara, za su iya taimakawa wajen ƙara yawan noman rani, samar da aikin yi da inganta samar da abinci.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam is Secure and Fully Functional, Says Minister of Water Resources and Sanitation |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/dadin-kowa-dam-is-secure-and-fully-functional-says-minister-of-water-resources-and-sanitation/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=4 September 2024 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Samar da ruwan sha ==

Madatsar Dadin Kowa tana daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin samar da ruwan sha ga garin Gombe da wasu al'ummomin da ke kusa. Ana ɗaukar ruwa daga tafkin zuwa matatar ruwa domin sarrafa shi kafin a rarraba shi ga masu amfani. A lokacin ƙaddamar da tashar wutar lantarkin a shekarar 2023, rahotanni sun bayyana cewa aikin yana da alaƙa da samar da ruwa mai yawa ga Gombe da yankunan da ke kewaye, tare da ƙarfafa ayyukan noma da samar da makamashi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Onyedika-Ugoeze |first=Nkechi |title=FG commissions 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kamun kifi da tattalin arziki ==

Tafkin Dadin Kowa yana ba da damar kamun kifi da sauran ayyukan da suka danganci ruwa. Kamun kifi na iya samar da abinci da kuɗin shiga ga mazauna yankunan da ke kewaye da tafkin. Bugu da ƙari, ayyukan ban-ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki na iya taimakawa wajen bunƙasa kasuwanci, samar da ayyukan yi da tallafa wa ƙananan masana'antu a Jihar Gombe da yankunan arewa maso gabas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ajakaiye |first=Adeola |title=Gombe’s 40MW Dadim Kowa hydro plant to power stability in North-East, says House of Reps Committee |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/gombes-40mw-dadim-kowa-hydro-plant-to-power-stability-in-north-east-says-house-of-reps-committee/ |work=BusinessDay |date=21 April 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tsaro da muhalli ==

Tsaron madatsar da kula da muhalli suna da muhimmanci saboda tafkin yana da alaƙa da rayuwar al'ummomin da ke kusa da shi. A ranar 4 ga watan Satumba 2024, Ma'aikatar Ruwa da Tsaftar Muhalli ta Tarayya ta bayyana cewa madatsar tana cikin yanayi mai kyau, kuma ana gudanar da bincike da sa ido akai-akai kan muhimman sassa kamar hanyar fitar da ruwa da bututun da ke kai ruwa zuwa injinan samar da wutar lantarki. Wannan bayani ya biyo bayan damuwar da aka bayyana a baya game da lafiyar madatsar.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam is Secure and Fully Functional, Says Minister of Water Resources and Sanitation |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/dadin-kowa-dam-is-secure-and-fully-functional-says-minister-of-water-resources-and-sanitation/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=4 September 2024 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamar sauran manyan madatsun ruwa, Dadin Kowa na buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullum domin rage haɗarin zaizayar ƙasa, taruwar laka a tafki, gurɓatar ruwa da matsalolin da ka iya tasowa sakamakon sauyin matakin ruwa. Nazarin tasirin muhalli na aikin ya nuna muhimmancin sa ido kan yadda faɗaɗa tsarin ban-ruwa da samar da wutar lantarki za su shafi albarkatun ruwa da al'ummomin yankin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report |title=Final Report: Dadin Kowa Dam Environmental and Social Management Plan |url=https://www.triming.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Dadin-Kowa-ESMP-draft-final-report.pdf |publisher=Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria Project |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Muhimmancin madatsar ==

Madatsar Ruwa ta Dadin Kowa na da muhimmanci ga ci gaban Jihar Gombe da Najeriya baki ɗaya. Tana tallafa wa samar da wutar lantarki, ruwan sha, ban-ruwa da kamun kifi, tare da samar da dama ga ayyukan kasuwanci da noma. Saboda waɗannan ayyuka, tana daga cikin muhimman ababen more rayuwa da ke taimakawa wajen bunƙasa tattalin arzikin arewa maso gabashin Najeriya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ajakaiye |first=Adeola |title=Gombe’s 40MW Dadim Kowa hydro plant to power stability in North-East, says House of Reps Committee |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/gombes-40mw-dadim-kowa-hydro-plant-to-power-stability-in-north-east-says-house-of-reps-committee/ |work=BusinessDay |date=21 April 2026 |access-date=19 October 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322831839|Grand, Vosges]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="453" sha1="btf90gyvhy4d50x9f360k18lhu0rilw" xml:space="preserve">'''Grand''' ([[Faransa]] pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃] i) wani Garin ne a cikin sashen Vosges a Grand Est a arewa maso gabashin Faransa .{{IPA|fr|ɡʁɑ̃|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-Grand.wav}}

Grand an san shi da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Roman, mosaics, da kuma hanyar ruwa a shafin Archaeological na Grand. Shi ne wurin da aka naɗa Sarkin sarakuna na Roma Mai Tsarki Charles the Fat a cikin 885.

== Dubi kuma ==

* Gundumar sashen Vosges

== Manazarta ==</text>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322831839|Grand, Vosges]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="583" sha1="et4ko9o4roiz2818c2nks7lfpmkmsaj" xml:space="preserve">'''Grand''' ([[Faransa]] pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃] i) wani Garin ne a cikin sashen Vosges a Grand Est a arewa maso gabashin Faransa .{{IPA|fr|ɡʁɑ̃|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-Grand.wav}}

Grand an san shi da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Roman, mosaics, da kuma hanyar ruwa a shafin Archaeological na Grand. Shi ne wurin da aka naɗa Sarkin sarakuna na Roma Mai Tsarki Charles the Fat a cikin 885.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Populations de référence 2023&quot; (in French). National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 18 December 2025.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Gundumar sashen Vosges

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Grand''' ([[Faransa]] pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃] i) wani Garin ne a cikin sashen Vosges a Grand Est a arewa maso gabashin Faransa .{{IPA|fr|ɡʁɑ̃|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-Grand.wav}}

Grand an san shi da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Roman, mosaics, da kuma hanyar ruwa a shafin Archaeological na Grand. Shi ne wurin da aka naɗa Sarkin sarakuna na Roma Mai Tsarki Charles the Fat a cikin 885.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Populations de référence 2023&quot; (in French). National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 18 December 2025.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dubi kuma ==

* Gundumar sashen Vosges

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Allunan Gradeshnitsa</title>
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'''Allunan Gradeshnitsa''' (Bulgarian) ko allunan kayan tarihi ne na yumɓu tare da alamomi. An tono su a shekarar 1969 kusa da ƙauyen Gradeshnitsa a Lardin Vratsa na arewa maso yammacin [[Bulgeriya|Bulgaria]]. 

== Bayani na gaba ɗaya ==
Steven R. Fischer ya rubuta cewa &quot;ra'ayi na yanzu shine cewa waɗannan alamomin Balkan na farko sun bayyana sun ƙunshi kayan ado ko kayan aiki ba tare da wata alaƙa da magana ba&quot;.Wato, ba logographs ba ne (alamu na kalma da ke nuna abu ɗaya da za a yi magana da ƙarfi) ko phonographs (alamu da ke riƙe da darajar sauti ko sauti).&quot; [1] Allunan an rubuta su ne a karni na 4 BC kuma a halin yanzu ana kiyaye su a Gidan Tarihin Archeological na Vratsa na Bulgaria. [2]

== Dubi kuma ==

* Al'adun Cucuteni-Trypillian
* Gilashin Sinaia
* Allunan Tărtăria
* Tarihin Kudu maso gabashin Turai
* Alamomin Vinča

== Ƙarin karantawa ==

* Ivan Raikinski (ed.), Katalogue of the Vratsa Museum of History, 1990.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Allunan Gradeshnitsa''' (Bulgarian) ko allunan kayan tarihi ne na yumɓu tare da alamomi. An tono su a shekarar 1969 kusa da ƙauyen Gradeshnitsa a Lardin Vratsa na arewa maso yammacin [[Bulgeriya|Bulgaria]]. 

== Bayani na gaba ɗaya ==
Steven R. Fischer ya rubuta cewa &quot;ra'ayi na yanzu shine cewa waɗannan alamomin Balkan na farko sun bayyana sun ƙunshi kayan ado ko kayan aiki ba tare da wata alaƙa da magana ba&quot;.Wato, ba logographs ba ne (alamu na kalma da ke nuna abu ɗaya da za a yi magana da ƙarfi) ko phonographs (alamu da ke riƙe da darajar sauti ko sauti).&quot; [1] Allunan an rubuta su ne a karni na 4 BC kuma a halin yanzu ana kiyaye su a Gidan Tarihin Archeological na Vratsa na Bulgaria.&lt;ref&gt;Fischer, Steven Roger (2003). History of Writing. Reaktion Books. p. 24. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781861891679&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 28 February 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;[2]

== Dubi kuma ==

* Al'adun Cucuteni-Trypillian
* Gilashin Sinaia
* Allunan Tărtăria
* Tarihin Kudu maso gabashin Turai
* Alamomin Vinča

== Ƙarin karantawa ==

* Ivan Raikinski (ed.), Katalogue of the Vratsa Museum of History, 1990.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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 {{Databox}}
'''Allunan Gradeshnitsa''' (Bulgarian) ko allunan kayan tarihi ne na yumɓu tare da alamomi. An tono su a shekarar 1969 kusa da ƙauyen Gradeshnitsa a Lardin Vratsa na arewa maso yammacin [[Bulgeriya|Bulgaria]]. 

== Bayani na gaba ɗaya ==
Steven R. Fischer ya rubuta cewa &quot;ra'ayi na yanzu shine cewa waɗannan alamomin Balkan na farko sun bayyana sun ƙunshi kayan ado ko kayan aiki ba tare da wata alaƙa da magana ba&quot;.Wato, ba logographs ba ne (alamu na kalma da ke nuna abu ɗaya da za a yi magana da ƙarfi) ko phonographs (alamu da ke riƙe da darajar sauti ko sauti).&quot; [1] Allunan an rubuta su ne a karni na 4 BC kuma a halin yanzu ana kiyaye su a Gidan Tarihin Archeological na Vratsa na Bulgaria.&lt;ref&gt;Fischer, Steven Roger (2003). History of Writing. Reaktion Books. p. 24. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781861891679&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 28 February 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;[2]

== Dubi kuma ==

* Al'adun Cucuteni-Trypillian
* Gilashin Sinaia
* Allunan Tărtăria
* Tarihin Kudu maso gabashin Turai
* Alamomin Vinča

== Ƙarin karantawa ==

* Ivan Raikinski (ed.), Katalogue of the Vratsa Museum of History, 1990.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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 {{Databox}}
'''Allunan Gradeshnitsa''' (Bulgarian) ko allunan kayan tarihi ne na yumɓu tare da alamomi. An tono su a shekarar alif 1969 kusa da ƙauyen Gradeshnitsa a Lardin Vratsa na arewa maso yammacin [[Bulgeriya|Bulgaria]]. 

== Bayani na gaba ɗaya ==
Steven R. Fischer ya rubuta cewa &quot;ra'ayi na yanzu shine cewa waɗannan alamomin Balkan na farko sun bayyana sun ƙunshi kayan ado ko kayan aiki ba tare da wata alaƙa da magana ba&quot;.Wato, ba logographs ba ne (alamu na kalma da ke nuna abu ɗaya da za a yi magana da ƙarfi) ko phonographs (alamu da ke riƙe da darajar sauti ko sauti).&quot; [1] Allunan an rubuta su ne a karni na 4 BC kuma a halin yanzu ana kiyaye su a Gidan Tarihin Archeological na Vratsa na Bulgaria.&lt;ref&gt;Fischer, Steven Roger (2003). History of Writing. Reaktion Books. p. 24. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781861891679&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 28 February 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;[2]

== Dubi kuma ==

* Al'adun Cucuteni-Trypillian
* Gilashin Sinaia
* Allunan Tărtăria
* Tarihin Kudu maso gabashin Turai
* Alamomin Vinča

== Ƙarin karantawa ==

* Ivan Raikinski (ed.), Katalogue of the Vratsa Museum of History, 1990.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Gomolava</title>
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    <id>179634</id>
    <revision>
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'''Gomolava''' wani shafin al'adu ne na Vinča a kan Kogin Sava a Serbia . [1] An rubuta shi ne a 4000-3800 BC.[2]

== Manazarta ==</text>
      <sha1>kmtidatlld1xedzauqdxbnznpa0vruf</sha1>
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    <revision>
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        <username>Sardeeq</username>
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'''Gomolava''' wani shafin al'adu ne na Vinča a kan Kogin Sava a Serbia . [1] An rubuta shi ne a 4000-3800 BC.[2]&lt;ref&gt;Eggink, J. W. (15 December 1983). &quot;The molluscs of the dwelling mound Gomolava, Yugoslavia. An environmental investigation on and near Gomolava&quot;. Palaeohistoria: 55–76 – via ugp.rug.nl.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Gomolava''' wani shafin al'adu ne na Vinča a kan Kogin Sava a Serbia . [1] An rubuta shi ne a 4000-3800 BC.[2]&lt;ref&gt;Eggink, J. W. (15 December 1983). &quot;The molluscs of the dwelling mound Gomolava, Yugoslavia. An environmental investigation on and near Gomolava&quot;. Palaeohistoria: 55–76 – via ugp.rug.nl.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Babban Tsibirin, Strasbourg</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377831659|Grande Île, Strasbourg]]&quot;</comment>
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Grande Île (Faransa pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃d il]; Jamusanci: ; &quot;'''Babban [[tsibirin]]'''&quot;) tsibiri ne da ke cikin tarihin [[Strasbourg]], Faransa . {{IPA|fr|ɡʁɑ̃d il}}Sunansa ya samo asali ne daga gaskiyar cewa an kewaye shi a gefe ɗaya da babban tashar kogin Ill kuma a wancan gefen da Canal du Faux-Rempart, wani bangare na wannan kogi. An sanya wa Grande Île suna a matsayin [[Muhimman Guraren Tarihi na Duniya|Gidan Tarihin Duniya]] na [[UNESCO]] a shekarar 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;unesco&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Strasbourg, Grande-Île and Neustadt |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/495 |access-date=17 October 2021 |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |publisher=United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan lokacin, Majalisar Kasa da Kasa kan Abubuwan Tarihi da Sites ta lura cewa Grande Île &quot;tsohuwar kwata ce da ke nuna biranen zamani&quot;.  &lt;ref name=&quot;odtspat&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Office de Tourisme de Strasbourg |url=http://www.ot-strasbourg.fr/htm_uk/pages/patrimoine.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051029080207/http://www.ot-strasbourg.fr/htm_uk/pages/patrimoine.php |archive-date=2005-10-29 |access-date=2005-10-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ana kiran Grande Île wani lokacin &quot;ellipse insulaire&quot; saboda siffarsa. Ya auna kimanin kilomita 1.25 (0.78  da kilomita 0.75 (0.47  a mafi tsawo da faɗi. A tsakiyar tsibirin akwai Place Kléber, tsakiyar gari. Ƙarin kudu shine Cathedral na Strasbourg, coci na huɗu mafi tsayi a duniya kuma misali mai kyau na gine-ginen Gothic na karni na 15. A ƙarshen yammacin tsibirin shine kwata na Petite France((((((((((The Grande Île is sometimes referred to as &quot;ellipse insulaire&quot; because of its shape. It measures some {{convert|1.25|km}} by {{convert|0.75|km}} at its longest and broadest. At the centre of the island lies the [[:en:Place_Kléber|Place Kléber]], the city's central square. Further south is [[:en:Strasbourg_Cathedral|Strasbourg Cathedral]], the world's fourth-tallest church and an ornate example of 15th-century [[:en:Gothic_architecture|Gothic architecture]]. At the western end of the island is the quarter of [[:en:Petite_France,_Strasbourg|Petite France]]))))))))))), tsohon gidan [[Jima|masu fata]], masu niƙa da masunta na birnin, kuma yanzu ɗayan manyan abubuwan jan hankali na yawon bude ido na Strasbourg.&lt;ref name=&quot;odtspat&quot; /&gt; Grande Île kuma tana da tsohon gidan kwastam na ruwa Ancienne Douane .

Baya ga babban coci, Grande Île yana da wasu majami'u huɗu masu tsufa: St. Thomas, St. Pierre-le-Vieux, St.Pierre-le-Jeune, da St. Étienne. Da yake cibiyar tarihi ce ta Strasbourg da kuma wurin zama na ikon duniya, tana kuma da hotal-hotal da manyan gidaje na karni na 18, ciki har da Palais Rohan, Hôtel de Hanau (yanzu City Hall), Hôtel des Deux-Ponts (wurin haihuwar Ludwig I na Bavaria kuma yanzu gida ga gwamnan soja na birnin), Hôteau de Klinglin, Hôteau d'Andlau-Klin, da Hôtel d'Andling, da Hâtel de Neuwiller, da sauransu da yawa. Tsibirin kuma gida ne ga Fadar Episcopal na Archdiocese na Strasbourg . &lt;ref name=&quot;odtspat&quot; /&gt;

Don nuna matsayin Grande Île a matsayin Gidan Tarihin Duniya, an sanya faranti 22 na tagulla a kan gadoji da ke ba da damar zuwa tsibirin.&lt;ref name=&quot;odtspat&quot; /&gt;

== Gidan wasan kwaikwayo ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Strasbourg_Cathedral_Exterior_-_Diliff.jpg|{{Center|West front of [[Strasbourg Cathedral]] from the [[Place de la Cathédrale, Strasbourg|Place de la Cathédrale]]}}
File:Palais_Rohan_Jan_2020_(cropped).jpg|{{Center|Aerial view of the [[Palais Rohan, Strasbourg|Palais Rohan]] from the cathedral's platform}}
File:Strasbourg_Hôtel_de_Hanau.jpg|{{Center|Façade of the City Hall, former [[Hôtel de Hanau|Hôtel de Hanau-Lichtenberg]]}}
File:Église_Saint-Thomas_et_cathédrale_Notre-Dame_Strasbourg_août_2015.jpg|{{Center|Aerial view of [[St Thomas' Church, Strasbourg|St. Thomas' Church]] from across the [[Ill (France)|Ill river]]}}
File:Strasbourg_Petite-France_place_Benjamin-Zix_septembre_2015.jpg|{{Center|''Maison des Tanneurs'' and the Place Benjamin Zix in [[Petite France, Strasbourg|Petite France]]}}
File:Place_Kléber_by_night.jpg|{{Center|Panoramic view of the Place Kléber by night}}
File:Plaque_Strasbourg_grande_île_patrimoine_mondial_Unesco.jpg|{{Center|[[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site|World heritage]] brass plate affixed to the Corbeau bridge}}
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
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      <comment>Sabon shafi</comment>
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Grande Île (Faransa pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃d il]; Jamusanci: ; &quot;'''Babban [[tsibirin]]'''&quot;) tsibiri ne da ke cikin tarihin [[Strasbourg]], Faransa . {{IPA|fr|ɡʁɑ̃d il}}Sunansa ya samo asali ne daga gaskiyar cewa an kewaye shi a gefe ɗaya da babban tashar kogin Ill kuma a wancan gefen da Canal du Faux-Rempart, wani bangare na wannan kogi. An sanya wa Grande Île suna a matsayin [[Muhimman Guraren Tarihi na Duniya|Gidan Tarihin Duniya]] na [[UNESCO]] a shekarar 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;unesco&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Strasbourg, Grande-Île and Neustadt |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/495 |access-date=17 October 2021 |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |publisher=United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wannan lokacin, Majalisar Kasa da Kasa kan Abubuwan Tarihi da Sites ta lura cewa Grande Île &quot;tsohuwar kwata ce da ke nuna biranen zamani&quot;.  &lt;ref name=&quot;odtspat&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Office de Tourisme de Strasbourg |url=http://www.ot-strasbourg.fr/htm_uk/pages/patrimoine.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051029080207/http://www.ot-strasbourg.fr/htm_uk/pages/patrimoine.php |archive-date=2005-10-29 |access-date=2005-10-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ana kiran Grande Île wani lokacin &quot;ellipse insulaire&quot; saboda siffarsa. Ya auna kimanin kilomita 1.25 (0.78  da kilomita 0.75 (0.47  a mafi tsawo da faɗi. A tsakiyar tsibirin akwai Place Kléber, tsakiyar gari. Ƙarin kudu shine Cathedral na Strasbourg, coci na huɗu mafi tsayi a duniya kuma misali mai kyau na gine-ginen Gothic na karni na 15. A ƙarshen yammacin tsibirin shine kwata na Petite Franc tsohon gidan [[Jima|masu fata]], masu niƙa da masunta na birnin, kuma yanzu ɗayan manyan abubuwan jan hankali na yawon bude ido na Strasbourg.&lt;ref name=&quot;odtspat&quot; /&gt; Grande Île kuma tana da tsohon gidan kwastam na ruwa Ancienne Douane .

Baya ga babban coci, Grande Île yana da wasu majami'u huɗu masu tsufa: St. Thomas, St. Pierre-le-Vieux, St.Pierre-le-Jeune, da St. Étienne. Da yake cibiyar tarihi ce ta Strasbourg da kuma wurin zama na ikon duniya, tana kuma da hotal-hotal da manyan gidaje na karni na 18, ciki har da Palais Rohan, Hôtel de Hanau (yanzu City Hall), Hôtel des Deux-Ponts (wurin haihuwar Ludwig I na Bavaria kuma yanzu gida ga gwamnan soja na birnin), Hôteau de Klinglin, Hôteau d'Andlau-Klin, da Hôtel d'Andling, da Hâtel de Neuwiller, da sauransu da yawa. Tsibirin kuma gida ne ga Fadar Episcopal na Archdiocese na Strasbourg . &lt;ref name=&quot;odtspat&quot; /&gt;

Don nuna matsayin Grande Île a matsayin Gidan Tarihin Duniya, an sanya faranti 22 na tagulla a kan gadoji da ke ba da damar zuwa tsibirin.&lt;ref name=&quot;odtspat&quot; /&gt;

== Gidan wasan kwaikwayo ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Strasbourg_Cathedral_Exterior_-_Diliff.jpg|{{Center|West front of [[Strasbourg Cathedral]] from the [[Place de la Cathédrale, Strasbourg|Place de la Cathédrale]]}}
File:Palais_Rohan_Jan_2020_(cropped).jpg|{{Center|Aerial view of the [[Palais Rohan, Strasbourg|Palais Rohan]] from the cathedral's platform}}
File:Strasbourg_Hôtel_de_Hanau.jpg|{{Center|Façade of the City Hall, former [[Hôtel de Hanau|Hôtel de Hanau-Lichtenberg]]}}
File:Église_Saint-Thomas_et_cathédrale_Notre-Dame_Strasbourg_août_2015.jpg|{{Center|Aerial view of [[St Thomas' Church, Strasbourg|St. Thomas' Church]] from across the [[Ill (France)|Ill river]]}}
File:Strasbourg_Petite-France_place_Benjamin-Zix_septembre_2015.jpg|{{Center|''Maison des Tanneurs'' and the Place Benjamin Zix in [[Petite France, Strasbourg|Petite France]]}}
File:Place_Kléber_by_night.jpg|{{Center|Panoramic view of the Place Kléber by night}}
File:Plaque_Strasbourg_grande_île_patrimoine_mondial_Unesco.jpg|{{Center|[[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site|World heritage]] brass plate affixed to the Corbeau bridge}}
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ginin Getic na Seimeni</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376399008|Getic fortress of Seimeni]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="446" sha1="s9t90rbtx0dwusihkulkf6ierctgx0p" xml:space="preserve">Seimeni wani yanki ne mai garu na Getic a cikin abin da ke yanzu Constanța County, [[Romainiya|Romania]].&lt;ref&gt;Repertoriul Arheologic Naţional&quot;. ran.cimec.ro. Retrieved 2026-09-23.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Repertoriul Arheologic Naţional |url=https://ran.cimec.ro/sel.asp?descript=seimeni-seimeni-constanta-asezarea-fortificata-de-la-seimeni-sit-28-cod-sit-ran-62912.05&amp; |access-date=2026-09-23 |website=ran.cimec.ro}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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      <text bytes="458" sha1="8ynseg1nei0trqqy16fhwa9tuq6jes8" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
Seimeni wani yanki ne mai garu na Getic a cikin abin da ke yanzu Constanța County, [[Romainiya|Romania]].&lt;ref&gt;Repertoriul Arheologic Naţional&quot;. ran.cimec.ro. Retrieved 2026-09-23.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Repertoriul Arheologic Naţional |url=https://ran.cimec.ro/sel.asp?descript=seimeni-seimeni-constanta-asezarea-fortificata-de-la-seimeni-sit-28-cod-sit-ran-62912.05&amp; |access-date=2026-09-23 |website=ran.cimec.ro}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Titanic (fim na 1997)</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1379226159|Titanic (1997 film)]]&quot;</comment>
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'''''Titanic''''' fim ne na tarihi na Amurka da aka yi a shekarar 1997 wanda James Cameron ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni. Ta hanyar haɗa ɓangarorin tarihi da na almara, an gina shi ne bisa la'akari da nutsewar RMS Jirgin Titanic a shekarar 1912. [[Leonardo DiCaprio]] da [[Kate Winslet]] sun fito a matsayin mambobi na azuzuwan zamantakewa daban-daban waɗanda suka kamu da soyayya a lokacin bala'in tafiyar jirgin ruwan. Jaruman sun hada da Billy Zane, Kathy Bates, Frances Fisher, Bernard Hill, Jonathan Hyde, Danny Nucci, David Warner da Bill Paxton .

Wahayin Cameron ya samo asali ne daga sha'awarsa da hatsarin jirgin ruwa . Ya ji cewa labarin soyayya da aka haɗa da asarar ɗan adam zai zama mahimmanci don nuna tasirin motsin rai na bala'in. An fara samar da kayan ne a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 1995,  lokacin da Cameron ya ɗauki hotunan jirgin Titanic . An ɗauki hotunan wannan zamani a cikin jirgin ruwa na bincike na Cibiyar Nazarin Teku ta Shirshov, Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, wanda Cameron ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin sansanin lokacin ɗaukar hotunan jirgin. An yi amfani da samfuran sikelin, hotunan da kwamfuta ta samar (CGI), da sake gina Titanic da aka gina a Baja Studios don sake gina nutsewar. An fara kera Titanic a ƙarni na 20 Fox, amma jinkiri da kuma ƙarancin kasafin kuɗi sun sa Fox ta yi haɗin gwiwa da Paramount Pictures don neman taimakon kuɗi. Shi ne fim mafi tsada da aka taɓa yi a lokacin, tare da kasafin kuɗin shiryawa na dala $200. miliyan. An fara ɗaukar fim ɗin daga watan Yuli na shekarar 1996 zuwa Maris na shekarar 1997.

An fara nuna Titanic a bikin nuna fina-finai na duniya na Tokyo a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, 1997, kuma an sake shi a Amurka a ranar 19 ga Disamba. Kamfanin Paramount Pictures da ke Amurka da Kanada ne suka rarraba shi, sannan kuma kamfanin Fox na ƙarni na 20 a wasu yankuna. An yaba mata saboda tasirinta na gani, ayyukanta (musamman na DiCaprio, Winslet, da Gloria Stuart ), dabi'un shirya fina-finai, alkibla, maki, fim, labari, da kuma zurfin motsin rai. Daga cikin wasu kyaututtukan, fim ɗin ya sami zaɓe goma sha huɗu a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Academy na 70 kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka goma sha ɗaya, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Darakta . Ta yin hakan, ta haɗa All About Eve (1950) a matsayin rikodin mafi yawan waɗanda aka zaɓa don kyautar Academy Award, da kuma Ben-Hur (1959) a matsayin mafi yawan kyaututtukan Academy Awards da fim ya lashe, wanda hakan ya sanya Titanic ya zama fim mafi nasara a tarihin kyautar Academy Award. 

Tare da jimillar kuɗin farko na duniya sama da $1.84&amp;nbsp;biliyan, wanda ya zama fim mafi tsada a shekarar 1997, ''Titanic'' shine fim na farko da ya kai darajar dala biliyan, {{Efn|''[[Jurassic Park]]'' (1993) would later become the earliest-released film to achieve this feat, via subsequent re-releases}} kuma shine fim mafi tsada a kowane lokaci har zuwa fim na gaba na Cameron, ''Avatar'' (2009), ya zarce shi a shekarar 2010. Kudaden shiga daga fitowar farko ta wasan kwaikwayo, bidiyon dillalai, da tallace-tallacen waƙoƙi da kuma haƙƙin watsa shirye-shiryen Amurka sun wuce dala biliyan 3.2.  Sake fitar da fina-finai ya sa jimillar fina-finan duniya baki daya ta kai dala $2.264&amp;nbsp;biliyan, wanda hakan ya sanya ''Titanic'' ya zama fim na biyu da ya tara sama da dala $2&amp;nbsp;biliyan biliyan a duk duniya bayan ''Avatar'' ; har zuwa shekarar 2026, shine fim na biyar mafi samun kuɗi . A shekarar 2017, [[Dakin Karatu na Congres|Laburaren Majalisa]] sun zaɓe shi don adana shi a cikin Rijistar Fina-finai ta Ƙasa ta Amurka a matsayin &quot;mai mahimmanci a al'adu, tarihi, ko kuma a cikin kyau&quot;.

== Labari ==
A shekarar 1996, a cikin jirgin binciken ''Akademik Mstislav Keldysh'', mai farautar dukiya Brock Lovett da tawagarsa sun binciki tarkacen jirgin RMS &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwjg&quot;&gt;Titanic&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, suna fatan samun abin wuya da aka sani da Zuciyar Teku. Madadin haka, suna ɗaukar wani akwati da ke ɗauke da zanen wata matashiya sanye da sarƙar wuya. An rubuta wannan zane a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1912, ranar da ''jirgin Titanic'' ya bugi kankara ya nutse, wanda ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane kimanin 1,500. {{Efn|Although the ''Titanic'' hit the iceberg on April 14, it did not sink until the early hours of April 15.}} Bayan ganin wani rahoto a talabijin game da gano wannan abu, Rose Dawson Calvert, wacce ta shafe shekaru 100 tana magana da Lovett, ta bayyana cewa ita ce matar da ke cikin wannan hoton. Da fatan za ta iya taimaka wajen gano abin wuyan, Lovett ta kawo Rose da jikarta a cikin ''jirgin Keldysh'', inda Rose ta ba da labarin abin da ya faru da ita a ''Titanic.''

A shekarar 1912, Rose DeWitt Bukater, mai shekaru 17, ta hau jirgin ''Titanic'' a [[Southampton]] tare da attajirin saurayinta, Cal Hockley, da mahaifiyarta, Ruth. Rose ba ta jin daɗin auren da ba shi da ƙauna, amma Ruth ta jaddada cewa auren zai magance matsalolin kuɗinsu. Rose ta yi tunanin kashe kanta ta hanyar tsalle daga bayan jirgin, amma Jack Dawson, wani ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na makiyaya ya tsayar da shi. Jack da Rose sun ƙulla abota, kuma Jack ya furta yadda yake ji a gare ta. Duk da cewa da farko ta ƙi amincewa da hakan, Rose ta fahimci cewa ta kamu da son Jack, duk da rashin amincewar Cal da Ruth.

Rose ta kawo Jack ɗakinta ta roƙe shi ya zana mata tsirara, tana sanye da sarƙar wuya kawai. Bayan haka, sai suka guje wa mai kula da gidan Cal, Spicer Lovejoy, suka yi jima'i a cikin mota a cikin akwatin kaya. A kan bene na gaba, sun shaida karo da jirgin ruwan da wani dutsen kankara, sannan suka ji jami'an suna tattaunawa kan tsananin lamarin. Lokacin da Cal ya gano zanen Rose na Jack, sai ya sa Lovejoy ya dasa sarkar a kan Jack, inda ya yi masa ƙira da sata. An kama Jack aka kulle shi a ofishin shugaban 'yan sanda, kuma Cal ya saka sarkar wuyan.

Yayin da ''jirgin Titanic'' ke nitsewa, mata da yara ne ake fifita su a cikin kwale-kwalen ceto. Rose ta ceci Jack, sai suka koma kan benen jirgin, inda Cal ya roƙi Rose da ta hau jirgin ceton rai, yana mai cewa shi da Jack za su hau wani jirgin. Cal ya naɗe rigarsa ba tare da saninsa ba, yana ɗauke da sarƙar wuya, a kusa da ita. Yayin da ake sauke jirgin ruwan cetonta, Rose ta yi tsalle ta koma kan jirgin, ba tare da son barin Jack a baya ba. Cikin fushi, Cal ya ɗauki bindiga ya bi su ta cikin jirgin ruwan da ambaliyar ta shafa, amma ya karaya lokacin da suka tsere. Cal ya shiga jirgin ceton rai ta hanyar yin kamar shi ne uban yaro.

Yayin da baka mai ambaliya ya nutse, bayan jirgin ya tashi sama, Jack da Rose kuma suka manne da shingen. Jirgin ya rabu biyu, kuma bayan jirgin ya nutse cikin ruwan sanyi tare da sauran fasinjojin. Jack ya taimaka wa Rose ta sami tarkace a kan ruwa kuma ya yi mata alƙawarin rayuwa da kuma cikakken rayuwa. Jack ya mutu sakamakon rashin isasshen iskar oxygen, amma jirgin ruwan ceto ya ceto Rose kuma RMS ta ceto shi. Carpathia . Rose ta ɓuya daga Cal da mahaifiyarta kuma ta ba da sunanta Rose Dawson lokacin da ta isa birnin New York.

A halin yanzu, Rose ta bayyana cewa Cal ya kashe kansa bayan ya rasa dukiyarsa a faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta 1929 . Ta gaya wa ma'aikatan ''Keldysh'' cewa Jack ya cece ta ta kowace hanya, kuma tana kuka cewa abubuwan da ta tuna kawai su ne abin da ta bari a gare shi. Da labarinta ya taɓa ta, Lovett ya daina neman abin wuya. Ita kaɗai da daddare a bayan ''Keldysh'', Rose, wacce ta riƙe sarƙar a hannunta, ta jefar da ita cikin teku a saman jirgin ruwan. Daga baya, yayin da take kwance a kan gadonta, hotuna a kan akwatinta suna nuna rayuwar 'yanci da kasada da Jack ya yi wahayi zuwa gare ta.  A cikin jirgin ''Titanic'' mai tsabta, wata ƙaramar yarinya Rose ta sake haɗuwa da Jack a babban matattakalar jirgin, fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin da suka mutu a cikin nitsewar jirgin sun yi ta yi masa tafi.

== 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo ==

=== Jaruman almara ===
 

* [[Leonardo DiCaprio]] as Jack Dawson, an itinerant, poor orphan from Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, who has travelled the world, including Paris. He wins two third-class tickets for the ''Titanic'' in a poker game and travels with his friend Fabrizio. He is attracted to Rose at first sight. Her fiancé's invitation to dine with them the next evening enables Jack to mix with first-class passengers for a night. Cameron's original choice for the role was River Phoenix; however, he died in 1993.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ashton |first=Will |date=September 15, 2022 |title=12 Actors Who Could've Been Cast In Titanic |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2494354/actors-who-couldve-been-cast-in-titanic |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213152918/https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2494354/actors-who-couldve-been-cast-in-titanic |archive-date=December 13, 2022 |access-date=December 13, 2022 |website=CinemaBlend |publisher=[[Future plc]] |quote=James Cameron had originally considered River Phoenix for the role, but the young actor tragically passed away before he could be asked to play the leading man part.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Although Jack was a fictional character, in Fairview Cemetery in Halifax, Nova Scotia, where 121 ''Titanic'' victims are buried, there is a grave labeled &quot;J. Dawson&quot;. The producers did not know of the real J. Dawson until after the film was released.
* [[Kate Winslet]] as Rose DeWitt Bukater, a 17-year-old girl from [[Philadelphia]], who is [[Auren dole|forced into an engagement]] to billionaire Cal Hockley so she and her mother, Ruth, can maintain their high-class status after her father's death left the family debt-ridden. Rose boards ''Titanic'' with Cal and Ruth as a first-class passenger and meets Jack.
* Gloria Stuart as the modern-day Rose Dawson Calvert. Rose narrates the film in a framing device. The elderly Rose was partly inspired by the American artist Beatrice Wood.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McCormick |first=Colin |last2=Elvy |first2=Craig |last3=Barker |first3=Stephen |date=June 24, 2020 |title=Titanic: What Happened To The REAL Rose, Beatrice Wood |url=https://screenrant.com/titanic-rose-real-beatrice-wood-what-happened/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250815183243/https://screenrant.com/titanic-rose-real-beatrice-wood-what-happened/ |archive-date=August 15, 2025 |access-date=November 5, 2025 |website=[[Screen Rant]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Billy Zane as Caledon &quot;Cal&quot; Hockley, Rose's arrogant and snobbish 30-year-old fiancé, who is the heir to a Pittsburgh steel fortune. He is resentful of Rose's affection for Jack.
* Frances Fisher as Ruth DeWitt Bukater, Rose's widowed mother, who arranges Rose's engagement to Cal to maintain her family's high-society status. Like many aristocratic passengers portrayed in the film, her disposition is elitist and frivolous. She loves her daughter but believes that social position is more important than having a loving marriage. She strongly dislikes Jack, even though he saved her daughter's life.
* Bill Paxton as Brock Lovett, a treasure hunter looking for the Heart of the Ocean in the wreck of the ''Titanic'' in the present. Time and funding for his expedition are running out. He reflects at the conclusion that, despite thinking about ''Titanic'' for three years, he has never understood it until he hears Rose's story.
* [[Abokai masu lalata Cameron|Suzy Amis]] as Elizabeth &quot;Lizzy&quot; Calvert, Rose's granddaughter, who accompanies her when she visits Lovett on the ship and learns of her grandmother's romantic past with Jack Dawson.
* Danny Nucci as Fabrizio De Rossi, Jack's Italian best friend, who boards ''Titanic'' with him after Jack wins two tickets in a poker game. Fabrizio fails to board a lifeboat when the ''Titanic'' sinks and is killed when one of the ship's funnels breaks and crashes into the water, crushing him and several other passengers to death.&lt;ref name=&quot;Liebenson-2017&quot; /&gt;
* David Warner as Spicer Lovejoy, an ex-Pinkerton constable and Cal's English valet and bodyguard. He monitors Rose and is suspicious about the circumstances surrounding Jack rescuing her. He dies when the ''Titanic'' splits in half, causing him to fall into a massive opening. Warner also appeared in the 1979 TV miniseries ''S.O.S. Titanic'', portraying passenger Lawrence Beesley.
* Jason Barry as Tommy Ryan, an Irish third-class passenger who befriends Jack and Fabrizio. Tommy is killed when he is accidentally pushed forward and shot by a panicked First Officer Murdoch.&lt;ref name=&quot;Liebenson-2017&quot; /&gt;
* Alexandrea Owens-Sarno as Cora Cartmell, a young third-class girl who dances with Jack at the Irish party. In a deleted scene, Cora and her family drown after they are trapped at the locked third-class gate.
* Camilla Overbye Roos as Helga Dahl, a Norwegian immigrant and third-class passenger who falls in love with Fabrizio. While most of her scenes were cut and the secondary significance of her character was drastically reduced from the original screenplay to the final theatrical cut, Helga is most notably seen clinging onto the rail of the ship's stern with Jack and Rose before slipping into the frigid waters below.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nygaard |first=Kristian Dam |date=December 9, 2017 |title=Danske Camilla var med i Titanic: Sådan er hendes forhold til Leonardo DiCaprio i dag |url=https://www.bt.dk/film-og-tv/danske-camilla-var-med-i-titanic-saadan-er-hendes-forhold-til-leonardo-dicaprio |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103050820/https://www.bt.dk/film-og-tv/danske-camilla-var-med-i-titanic-saadan-er-hendes-forhold-til-leonardo-dicaprio |archive-date=January 3, 2018 |access-date=March 13, 2019 |website=B.T. |language=da}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nygaard |first=Kristian Dam |date=December 8, 2017 |title=Danske Camilla var med i 'Titanic': Så mange penge tjente hun |url=https://www.bt.dk/film-og-tv/danske-camilla-var-med-i-titanic-saa-mange-penge-tjente-hun |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720133933/https://www.bt.dk/film-og-tv/danske-camilla-var-med-i-titanic-saa-mange-penge-tjente-hun |archive-date=July 20, 2018 |access-date=March 13, 2019 |website=B.T. |language=da}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Amy Gaipa as Trudy Bolt, Rose's personal maid.&lt;ref name=&quot;Liebenson-2017&quot; /&gt;

=== Jaruman tarihi ===
Duk da cewa ba a yi nufin ya zama cikakken bayani game da abubuwan da suka faru ba, &lt;ref name=&quot;five&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Waites |first=Rosie |date=April 5, 2012 |title=Five Titanic myths spread by films |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-17515305 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201044643/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-17515305 |archive-date=December 1, 2020 |access-date=September 15, 2019 |website=BBC News}}&lt;/ref&gt; fim ɗin ya ƙunshi zane-zanen mutane daban-daban na tarihi:
[[File:Molly_brown_rescue_award_titanic.jpg|thumb| Margaret Brown (dama) ta gaske ta ba Kyaftin Arthur Henry Rostron kyautar yabo saboda hidimar da ya yi wajen ceto fasinjojin da suka tsira {{'}} ''Titanic.'']]

* Kathy Bates ta taka rawar Margaret &quot;Molly&quot; Brown . Wasu mata masu daraja, ciki har da Ruth, suna yi wa Brown kallon &quot;marasa kyau&quot; kuma &quot; sabbin kuɗi &quot;. Tana da fara'a ga Jack kuma tana ba shi kayan sawa na yamma (wanda aka saya wa ɗanta) lokacin da aka gayyace shi cin abincin dare a cikin gidan cin abinci mai daraja. Masana tarihi sun yi mata lakabi da Unsinkable Molly Brown saboda, tare da goyon bayan wasu mata, ta jagoranci jirgin ruwa mai suna Lifeboat 6 daga Quartermaster Robert Hichens .  An nuna wasu ɓangarorin wannan rikici a cikin fim ɗin Cameron.
* Victor Garber a matsayin Thomas Andrews, mai ginin jirgin. An kwatanta Andrews a matsayin mutum mai kirki, mai kirki wanda yake da tawali'u game da babban nasarar da ya samu. Bayan hatsarin, ya yi ƙoƙarin shawo kan sauran, musamman Ismay, cewa &quot;tabbacin lissafi ne&quot; cewa jirgin zai nutse. An nuna shi a lokacin nutsewar jirgin a matsayin wanda ke tsaye kusa da agogo a ɗakin shan taba na aji ɗaya, yana kuka game da gazawarsa na gina jirgin ruwa mai ƙarfi da aminci. Duk da cewa wannan ya zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun tatsuniyoyi game da nutsewar ''Titanic'', wannan labarin, wanda aka buga a cikin wani littafi na 1912 ( ''Thomas Andrews: Shipbuilder'' ) sannan kuma ya ci gaba, ya fito ne daga John Stewart, wani mai hidima a cikin jirgin wanda a zahiri ya bar jirgin a cikin jirgin ruwa mai lamba 15 da misalin ƙarfe 1:40 na yamma.&amp;nbsp;am  Akwai shaidun ganin Andrews bayan wannan lokacin. &lt;ref name=&quot;seaofglass&quot; /&gt; Da alama Andrews ya zauna a ɗakin shan taba na ɗan lokaci don tattara tunaninsa; sannan ya ci gaba da taimakawa wajen kwashe mutanen. &lt;ref name=&quot;seaofglass&quot; /&gt;

[[File:Olympic_Crew_1911.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| Ƙungiyar 'Yan Wasan ''Olympics'', 1911. Hagu: Jami'in Farko William M. Murdoch . Dama: Kyaftin Edward J. Smith .]]

* Bernard Hill a matsayin Kyaftin Edward John Smith .  Smith ya yi shirin yin ''Titanic'' a tafiyarsa ta ƙarshe kafin ya yi ritaya. Ya koma cikin ƙafafun da ke kan gadar yayin da jirgin ke nutsewa, yana mutuwa lokacin da tagogi suka fashe sakamakon matsin ruwa yayin da yake manne da ƙafafun jirgin. Akwai bayanai masu karo da juna game da ko ya mutu ta wannan hanyar ko kuma daga baya ya daskare har ya mutu a cikin ruwa kusa da jirgin ruwan ceto mai rugujewa B. 
* Jonathan Hyde a matsayin J. Bruce Ismay, daraktan gudanarwa na White Star Line, wanda ba shi da ilimi, kuma jahilci. Da yake akwai yiwuwar isowa birnin New York da wuri da kuma jin daɗin manema labarai, Ismay ya tilasta wa Kyaftin Smith ya yi sauri; duk da cewa wannan yanayi ya bayyana a cikin shahararrun hotuna na bala'in, amma babu wata shaida da ta goyi bayan hakan.   Bayan hatsarin, ya yi fama da fahimtar cewa jirginsa &quot;wanda ba zai nutse ba&quot; zai nutse. Daga baya Ismay ya hau jirgin Collapsible C (ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ceto na ƙarshe da suka bar jirgin) jim kaɗan kafin a sauke shi. 'Yan jarida da jama'a sun yi masa kallon matsoraci saboda ya tsira daga bala'in yayin da mata da yara da yawa suka nutse a cikin ruwa.
* Eric Braeden a matsayin John Jacob Astor na Huɗu, fasinja mai daraja ta farko kuma mutum mafi arziki a cikin jirgin. Rose ta gabatar da Jack ga Astor da matarsa 'yar shekara 18, Madeleine ( Charlotte Chatton ), a cikin gidan cin abinci mai daraja. A lokacin gabatarwar, Astor ya tambaya ko Jack yana da alaƙa da &quot;Boston Dawsons&quot;, tambayar da Jack ya juya ta hanyar cewa maimakon haka yana da alaƙa da Chippewa Falls Dawsons. An ga Astor a ƙarshe yayin da kumbon gilashi da ke kan babban matattakalar ya yi karo da ruwa kuma ya shiga.
* Bernard Fox a matsayin Kanar Archibald Gracie na IV . Fim ɗin ya nuna Gracie tana yin tsokaci ga Cal cewa &quot;mata da injina ba sa haɗuwa&quot; kuma tana taya Jack murna don ceton Rose daga faɗuwa daga jirgin, ba tare da sanin cewa Jack ya ceci Rose daga yunƙurin kashe kansa ba . Daga baya an gan shi yana miƙa kansa don ya jagoranci Jack da Rose zuwa ga sauran kwale-kwalen ceto a lokacin nitsewar. Fox ya fito a fim ɗin Frederick Fleet a shekarar 1958 mai suna ''A Night to Remember'' .
* Michael Ensign a matsayin Benjamin Guggenheim, wani hamshakin mai hakar ma'adinai da ke tafiya a matsayin mai daraja ta farko. Ya nuna wa abokan tafiyarsa 'yar Faransa, Madame Aubert (Fannie Brett), yayin da matarsa da 'ya'yansa mata uku ke jiran sa a gida. Lokacin da Jack ya haɗu da fasinjojin farko don cin abincin dare bayan ya ceci Rose, Guggenheim ya kira shi &quot; bohemian &quot;. An ga Guggenheim a cikin babban matattakalar ruwa a lokacin da jirgin ke nutsewa, yana mai cewa a shirye yake ya sauka a matsayin mutumin kirki.

[[File:Wallace_Henry_Harvey.jpg|thumb|220x220px| Wallace Hartley, shugaban ƙungiyar mawaƙa {{'}} ''Titanic'' kuma mai goge]]

* Jonathan Evans-Jones as Wallace Hartley, the ship's bandmaster and violinist, who plays uplifting music with his colleagues on the boat deck as the ship sinks. As the final plunge begins, he leads the band in a final performance of &quot;Nearer, My God, to Thee&quot;, to the tune of &quot;Bethany&quot;, and dies in the sinking.
* Mark Lindsay Chapman as Chief Officer Henry Wilde, the ship's chief officer, who lets Cal board a lifeboat because he has a child in his arms. Before he dies, he tries to get boats to return to the sinking site to rescue passengers by blowing his whistle. After he freezes to death, Rose uses his whistle to attract the attention of Fifth Officer Lowe, leading to her rescue.
* Ewan Stewart as First Officer William Murdoch,&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; the officer in charge of the bridge when the ''Titanic'' struck an iceberg. During a rush for the lifeboats, Murdoch shoots Tommy Ryan, as well as another passenger, in a momentary panic, and then commits suicide by shooting himself in the head. When Murdoch's nephew Scott saw the film, he objected to his uncle's portrayal, seeing it as damaging to Murdoch's heroic reputation. A few months later, Fox vice president Scott Neeson went to Dalbeattie, Scotland, where Murdoch lived, to deliver a personal apology, and also presented a £5000 donation to Dalbeattie High School to boost the school's William Murdoch Memorial Prize. Cameron apologized on the DVD commentary, but stated that there were officers who fired gunshots to enforce the &quot;women and children first&quot; policy. According to Cameron, his depiction of Murdoch is that of an &quot;honorable man&quot;, not of a man &quot;gone bad&quot; or of a &quot;cowardly murderer&quot;. He added, &quot;I'm not sure you'd find that same sense of responsibility and total devotion to duty today. This guy had half of his lifeboats launched before his counterpart on the port side had even launched one. That says something about character and heroism.&quot;
* Jonathan Phillips as Second Officer Charles Lightoller.&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; Lightoller took charge of the port side evacuation. In the film, Lightoller informs Captain Smith that it will be difficult to see icebergs without breaking water and, after the collision, suggests that the crew begin boarding women and children in the lifeboats. He is seen brandishing a gun and threatening to use it to keep order. He can be seen on top of Collapsible B when the first funnel collapses. Lightoller was the most senior officer to survive the disaster.
* Film producer Kevin De La Noy as Third Officer Herbert Pitman,&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; who survived the sinking and manned Lifeboat 5.
* Simon Crane as Fourth Officer Joseph Boxhall,&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; the officer in charge of firing flares and manning Lifeboat 2 during the sinking. He is shown on the bridge wings helping the seamen firing the flares.
* Ioan Gruffudd as Fifth Officer Harold Lowe,&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; the only officer to lead a lifeboat to retrieve survivors of the sinking from the icy waters. The film depicts Lowe rescuing Rose.
* Edward Fletcher as Sixth Officer James Moody,&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; the only junior officer to have died in the sinking. The film depicts Moody admitting Jack and Fabrizio onto the ship only moments before it departs from Southampton. Moody is later shown following Murdoch's orders to put the ship to full speed ahead, and informs Murdoch about the iceberg. He is last seen clinging to one of the davits on the starboard side after having unsuccessfully attempted to launch collapsible A.
* James Lancaster as Father Thomas Byles, a second-class passenger and a Catholic priest from England. He is portrayed praying and consoling passengers during the ship's final moments.
* Lew Palter and Elsa Raven as Isidor and Ida Straus. Isidor is a former owner of R.H. Macy and Company, a former congressman from New York, and a member of the New York and New Jersey Bridge Commission. During the sinking, the couple were offered seats on a lifeboat together. Isidor refused to go before all women and children had been evacuated, and urged his wife Ida to go ahead. Ida is portrayed refusing to board the lifeboat, saying that she will honor her wedding pledge by staying with Isidor. They are last seen lying on their bed, embracing each other as water fills their stateroom; the real Isidor and Ida Straus were also seen in an embrace, but were actually seated on chairs in the A Deck before being swept by waves as the ship made its final plunge.
* Martin Jarvis as Sir Cosmo Duff-Gordon, a Scottish baronet who is rescued in Emergency Boat No. 1. Boats 1 and 2 were emergency boats with a capacity of 40. Situated at the forward end of the boat deck, these were kept ready to launch in case of a person falling overboard. On the night of the disaster, Lifeboat 1 was the fourth to be launched, with 12 people aboard, including Duff-Gordon, his wife and her secretary. The baronet was much criticized for his conduct during the incident. It was suggested that he had boarded the emergency boat in violation of the &quot;women and children first&quot; policy, and that the boat had failed to return to rescue those struggling in the water. He offered five pounds to each of the lifeboat's crew, which those critical of his conduct viewed as a bribe. The Duff-Gordons at the time (and his wife's secretary in a letter written at the time and rediscovered in 2007) stated that there had been no women or children waiting to board in the vicinity of the launching of their boat; there is confirmation that lifeboat 1 of the ''Titanic'' was almost empty, and that First Officer Murdoch and Fifth Officer Lowe allowed Duff-Gordon and his wife and her secretary a place (simply to fill it) after they had asked if they could get on, alone with two other passengers. Duff-Gordon denied that his offer of money to the lifeboat crew represented a bribe. The British Board of Trade's inquiry into the disaster accepted Duff-Gordon's denial of bribing the crew, but maintained that, if the emergency boat had rowed towards the people who were in the water, it might very well have been able to rescue some of them.
* Rosalind Ayres as Lady Duff-Gordon, a world-famous fashion designer and Sir Cosmo's wife. She is rescued in Lifeboat 1 with her husband. They never lived down rumors that they had forbidden the lifeboat's crew to return to the wreck site in case they would be swamped.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Conduct of Sir Cosmo-Duff Gordon and Mr. Ismay |url=http://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq11LDuff-Gordon01.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421173137/http://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq11LDuff-Gordon01.php |archive-date=April 21, 2016 |access-date=January 2, 2006 |publisher=Titanic Inquiry Project}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jarvis and Ayres are husband and wife in real life.
* Rochelle Rose as Noël Leslie, Countess of Rothes. The Countess is shown to be friendly with Cal and the DeWitt Bukaters. Despite being of a higher status in society than Sir Cosmo and Lady Duff-Gordon, she is kind, and helps row the boat and even looks after the steerage passengers.
* Scott G. Anderson as Frederick Fleet, the lookout who saw the iceberg. Fleet escapes the sinking ship aboard Lifeboat 6.
* Paul Brightwell as Quartermaster Robert Hichens, one of the six quartermasters and at the ship's wheel at the time of collision. He is in charge of lifeboat 6. He refuses to go back and pick up survivors after the sinking.
* Martin East as Reginald Lee, the other lookout in the crow's nest. He survives the sinking.

[[File:Jack_George_Phillips.jpg|thumb|192x192px| Jack Phillips, babban mai samar da mara waya {{'}} ''Titanic'']]

* Gregory Cooke a matsayin Jack Phillips, babban jami'in sadarwa mara waya wanda Kyaftin Smith ya umarce shi da ya aika da sakon gaggawa bayan ya ji labarin kafuwar jirgin.
* Craig Kelly a matsayin Harold Bride, kamfanin sadarwa na biyu {{'}} ''Titanic'' mara waya.
* Liam Tuohy a matsayin Babban Baker Charles Joughin . Mai yin burodi ya bayyana yana taimaka wa Rose ta miƙe tsaye bayan ta faɗi, tana bin ta da Jack zuwa bayan jirgin, kuma a ƙarshe ta rataye kan shingen jirgin yayin da yake nutsewa, tana shan giyar brandy daga kwalba. A bisa ga shaidar Joughin ta gaske, ya hau jirgin ya sauka ya shiga cikin ruwa ba tare da ya jike gashin kansa ba. Ya kuma yarda cewa bai ji sanyi sosai ba, yana danganta hakan da barasa (kodayake barasa, a zahiri, tana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da rashin isasshen iskar oxygen). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=1999 |title=British Wreck Commissioner's Inquiry: Day 6 |url=http://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq06Joughin01.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921001504/http://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq06Joughin01.php |archive-date=September 21, 2017 |access-date=August 3, 2010 |publisher=Titanic Inquiry Project}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wani wuri da aka goge, an nuna shi yana jefa kujerun bene a cikin ruwa, kafin ya sha abin sha daga kwalbarsa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tyler |first=Adrienne |date=August 22, 2021 |title=Titanic Deleted Scenes Honor The Best True Stories Cut From The Movie |url=https://screenrant.com/titanic-movie-deleted-cut-scenes-true-stories/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307114920/https://screenrant.com/titanic-movie-deleted-cut-scenes-true-stories/ |archive-date=March 7, 2022 |access-date=March 7, 2022 |website=Screen Rant |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 9, 2014 |title=Titanic - Deleted Scene - Boat Six Won't Return [HD] |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiHCMp8C3KY&amp;t=114s |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307115929/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiHCMp8C3KY&amp;t=114s |archive-date=March 7, 2022 |access-date=March 7, 2022 |website=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Terry Forrestal a matsayin Babban Injiniya Joseph G. Bell : Bell da mutanensa sun yi aiki a duk lokacin da wutar ke nutsewa don kiyaye fitilun da wutar lantarki domin alamun damuwa su fita. Fim ɗin ya nuna Bell da dukkan injiniyoyin sun mutu a cikin jirgin ''Titanic'' ; duk da haka, akwai shaidu da ke nuna cewa an saki wasu injiniyoyin su hau kan bene lokacin da ambaliyar ta yi tsanani. Greaser Frederick Scott ya shaida cewa ya ga injiniyoyi takwas tsakanin misalin karfe 1:50 da 1:55&amp;nbsp;Ina tsaye a kan keken lantarki da ke kan jirgin ruwa na farko; a lokacin, duk jiragen ceton sun ɓace. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 10, 1912 |title=Day 6 - Testimony of Frederick Scott (Greaser, SS Titanic) |url=https://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq06Scott02.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106101508/https://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq06Scott02.php |archive-date=January 6, 2021 |access-date=April 9, 2020 |website=British Wreck Commissioner's Inquiry}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Derek Lea a matsayin Frederick Barrett : Barrett shine babban jirgin ruwa mai saukar ungulu a cikin ''Titanic'' ; ya ɗauki nauyin jirgin ruwa mai lamba 13 gaba ɗaya, wanda jirgin ruwa mai lamba 15 ya kusan nitsewa yayin da aka saukar da su a lokaci guda. {{Sfn|Lubin|1999}}

=== Kameos ===
Akwai ma'aikatan jirgin ''Akademik Mstislav Keldysh'' da dama da suka bayyana, ciki har da Anatoly Sagalevich, wanda ya ƙirƙiri kuma matukin jirgin ''Mir'' mai sarrafa kansa.  Van Ling ya nuna ainihin wanda ya tsira daga hatsarin jirgin ruwa na kasar Sin Fang Lang ; labarinsa ya zaburar da Cameron wajen shirya wani shirin fim mai suna ''The Six'', wanda ya dogara ne akan wasu 'yan kasar Sin da suka tsira daga hatsarin jirgin ruwa da ya nutse.  Anders Falk, wanda ya ɗauki fim ɗin shirin gaskiya game da shirye-shiryen fim ɗin ga ƙungiyar tarihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwAi8&quot;&gt;ta Titanic&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ya yi fim mai ban mamaki a matsayin ɗan ƙasar Sweden wanda Jack Dawson ya haɗu da shi lokacin da ya shiga gidansa; Edward Kamuda da Karen Kamuda, shugaba kuma mataimakin shugaban ƙungiyar a lokacin, waɗanda suka yi aiki a matsayin masu ba da shawara kan fina-finai, an yi musu ƙarin bayani.  

== Samarwa ==

=== Kafin samarwa ===
[[File:JAMES_CAMERON_2000.jpg|thumb| Darakta, marubuci kuma furodusa James Cameron ( ''wanda aka ɗauki hotonsa a shekarar 2000'' )]]
{{Quote box|The story could not have been written better had it been fiction{{nbsp}}...The juxtaposition of rich and poor, the [[gender roles]] played out unto death ([[Women and children first|women first]]), the stoicism and nobility of a bygone age, the magnificence of the great ship matched in scale only by the folly of the men who drove her hell-bent through the darkness. And above all the lesson: that life is uncertain, the future unknowable{{nbsp}}... the unthinkable possible.|3=—James Cameron&lt;ref name=&quot;foreword&quot;&gt;Marsh and Kirkland, pp. v–xiii&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/read-an-excerpt-from-james-camerons-titanic|title=Read an excerpt from James Cameron's -- 'Titanic'|website=[[Fox News]]|access-date=May 7, 2015|archive-date=February 19, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230219023621/https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/read-an-excerpt-from-james-camerons-titanic|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|salign=|width=250px|align=right}}Cameron ya daɗe yana sha'awar jiragen ruwa na ƙera jiragen ruwa kuma ya ji ''Titanic'' a matsayin &quot; [[Tsaunin Everest|Dutsen Everest]] na jiragen ruwa na ƙera jiragen ruwa&quot;.    Ya kusa wuce lokacin rayuwarsa lokacin da ya ji zai iya yin la'akari da balaguron ƙasa, amma ya kasa yin nazarin rayuwar da ya juya daga lokacin da ya sauya daga kimiyya zuwa fasaha a kwaleji. Bayan an yi wani fim na IMAX, ''Titanica'' (1992), daga hotunan jirgin ''Titanic'', Cameron ya nemi tallafin kuɗi daga Hollywood don tafiyarsa. Ya ce sha'awar ganin jirgin ruwan da ya kife ya fi motsa shi fiye da yin fim. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.playboy.com&quot; /&gt;

Cameron ya rubuta rubutun fim ɗin ''Titanic'',  ya haɗu da shugabannin Fox na ƙarni na 20, ciki har da Peter Chernin, kuma ya sanya shi a matsayin &quot; ''Romeo da Juliet'' a kan ''Titanic'' &quot;.   Cameron ya ce shugabannin jami'o'in ba su gamsu da damar kasuwanci ba, kuma maimakon haka sun yi fatan ganin an yi wasannin kwaikwayo irin na fina-finansa na baya. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|url-status=1–7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun amince da aikin kamar yadda suke fatan samun dangantaka mai tsawo da Cameron. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=James Cameron's Titanic |url=http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/teachable_moments/deconstructing_titanic_6.cfm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609180647/http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/teachable_moments/deconstructing_titanic_6.cfm |archive-date=June 9, 2011 |access-date=January 24, 2010 |publisher=[[Media Awareness Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Schultz |first=Rick |title=James Cameron tells the astonishing story of Titanic, his breathtaking labor of love |url=http://www.industrycentral.net/director_interviews/JC01.HTM |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100206150228/http://www.industrycentral.net/director_interviews/JC01.HTM |archive-date=February 6, 2010 |access-date=January 23, 2010 |publisher=industrycentral.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cameron ya shawo kan Fox ya tallata fim ɗin bisa ga tallan da aka yi masa ta hanyar harba jirgin ''Titanic'',  kuma ya shirya nutsewa da dama a cikin shekaru biyu.  Ya kuma shawo kan Fox cewa harbin ainihin jirgin, maimakon kwaikwayonsa da tasirin musamman, zai samar da daraja: &quot;Za mu iya yin [hotunan] da samfura masu kyau da hotunan sarrafa motsi da CG da duk waɗannan, wanda zai kashe adadin kuɗi X - ko kuma za mu iya kashe X da kashi 30 cikin ɗari mu je mu harbi ainihin jirgin.&quot; 

=== Hotunan ƙarƙashin teku ===
Ma'aikatan jirgin sun harbi jirgin da ke Tekun Atlantika sau 12 a shekarar 1995. Aikin yana da haɗari, domin matsin lamba na ruwa zai iya kashe ma'aikatan jirgin idan akwai ƙaramin lahani a cikin tsarin da ke nutsewa. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Bugu da ƙari, mummunan yanayi ya hana Cameron samun bidiyo. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; A wani nutsewa, ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa masu nutsewa ta yi karo da jirgin ''Titanic'', {{'}} ta lalata dukkan jiragen biyu, ta kuma bar tarkacen murfin propeller ɗin a warwatse a saman ginin. Kan bango na waje na gidan kyaftin ya ruguje, inda ya fallasa cikin gidan, kuma yankin da ke kusa da ƙofar shiga babban matattakalar ya lalace. 

Sauka zuwa wurin ya jaddada wa ma'aikatan jirgin cewa bala'in ''Titanic'' ba kawai labari ne na almara ba, amma wani lamari ne na gaske wanda ya haifar da asarar rayuka. Cameron ya ce: &quot;Yayin da kake aiki a kusa da jirgin na tsawon lokaci, za ka ji irin baƙin cikin da rashin adalci da ke tattare da shi, da kuma saƙon da ke tattare da shi.&quot; Ya ji &quot;babban nauyi&quot; na isar da saƙon motsin rai na labarin, domin ya san cewa ba za a taɓa samun wani mai shirya fina-finai da zai ziyarci wurin da hatsarin ya faru ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt;

=== Rubutu ===
Bayan ɗaukar hotunan da aka ɗauka a ƙarƙashin ruwa, Cameron ya fara rubuta rubutun.  Yana son girmama mutanen da suka mutu, kuma ya shafe watanni shida yana bincike kan ma'aikatan {{'}} ''Titanic'' da fasinjoji.  Ya ƙirƙiri cikakken jadawalin abubuwan da suka faru a tafiyar da kuma nutsewar jirgin kuma ya sa masana tarihi suka tabbatar da hakan.  Tun daga farkon ɗaukar hoton, ƙungiyar ta sami &quot;hoton da ke bayyana&quot; abin da ya faru a cikin jirgin. Cameron ya ce, &quot;Wannan ya sa wannan ya zama mafi girma ta wata hanya - ya ɗaukaka fim ɗin a wata ma'ana. Muna son wannan ya zama cikakken hangen nesa na wannan lokacin a tarihi kamar dai kun koma cikin injin lokaci kuma kun ɗauki shi.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.eyeforfilm.co.uk&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya samu karbuwa daga fim din ''A Night to Remember'', fim din Birtaniya na shekarar 1958 game da ''Titanic'' wanda ya gani tun yana matashi. Ya kwafi wasu tattaunawa da abubuwan da suka faru cikin sauƙi, ciki har da ƙungiyar fasinjoji masu rai a cikin sitiyari, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Cramer |first=Steve |date=2017 |title=Neoliberal and Social Democratic Versions of History, Class and Ideology in James Cameron's ''Titanic'' and Roy Baker's ''A Night to Remember'' |url=https://openjournals.library.sydney.edu.au/SSE/article/view/12639 |url-status=live |journal=Sydney Studies in English |publisher=Sydney Studies |volume=43 |page=117 |s2cid=165242268 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629005133/https://openjournals.library.sydney.edu.au/SSE/article/view/12639 |archive-date=June 29, 2023 |access-date=June 29, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; da mawaƙa suna wasa a kan bene yayin da jirgin ke nutsewa. &lt;ref name=&quot;five&quot; /&gt;

Cameron ya ji cewa nitsewar ''Titanic'' &quot;kamar wani babban labari ne da ya faru da gaske&quot;, amma kuma abin da ya faru ya zama kawai labarin ɗabi'a ; fim ɗin zai bai wa masu kallo ƙwarewar rayuwa ta tarihi.  Brock Lovett, mai farautar dukiya, ya wakilci waɗanda ba su taɓa alaƙa da yanayin ɗan adam na bala'in ba.  Ya yi imani cewa soyayyar Jack da Rose za ta zama abin da ya fi jan hankali: idan aka lalata soyayyarsu a ƙarshe, masu kallo za su yi makokin rashin.  Ya ce: &quot;Duk fina-finana labaran soyayya ne, amma a ''Titanic'' na sami daidaito. Ba fim ɗin bala'i ba ne. Labarin soyayya ne mai cike da tarihi na gaske.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya ƙirƙiri halin Rose na zamani, wanda ya tsira daga ''Titanic'', don &quot;ganin halin yanzu da na baya&quot; kuma &quot;ya haɗa mu ta hanyar tarihi&quot;.  Ya tsara soyayyar da tsohuwar Rose don ta sa shekarun da suka gabata su zama abin mamaki da ban tausayi.  Duk da cewa Winslet da Stuart sun yi imanin cewa Rose ta mutu a ƙarshe,   Cameron ya ce, &quot;Amsar dole ne ta kasance wani abu da kuke bayarwa da kanku, kowanne mutum ɗaya.&quot; 

=== Tsarin ƙira a sikelin ===
[[File:TitanicBaja.jpg|alt=A ship resembling the Titanic is being built at a port with clear skies and small waves.|thumb| Sake gina ''Titanic'' . An samar da zane-zanen jirgin ne ta hannun mai ginin jirgin na asali kuma Cameron ya yi ƙoƙarin yin jirgin daidai gwargwado.  &lt;ref name=&quot;ewadmin&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewadmin |date=August 13, 2014 |title=TITANIC, the Model |url=https://www.epoxyworks.com/index.php/titanic-the-model/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724131201/https://www.epoxyworks.com/index.php/titanic-the-model/ |archive-date=July 24, 2022 |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Epoxyworks |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Harland &amp;amp;amp; Wolff, masu ' ''Titanic'', sun buɗe wa ma'aikatan tarihinsu na sirri, suna raba zane-zanen da aka yi zaton sun ɓace a baya.  Fox ya mallaki {{Convert|40|acres}} na bakin teku a kudancin Playas de Rosarito a Mexico kuma ya fara gina sabon ɗakin studio a ranar 31 ga Mayu, 1996. Tankin sararin samaniya mai {{Convert|17|e6usgal|e6l}}an gina  don wajen jirgin da aka sake ginawa, wanda ke samar da yanayin kallon teku mai digiri 270. An gina jirgin zuwa cikakken girma, amma Lamont ya cire sassan da ba a cika ba a kan babban ginin da kuma bene na rijiyar gaba don jirgin ya dace da tankin, sauran sassan kuma an cika su da samfuran dijital. Kwale-kwalen ceto da magudanar ruwa sun ragu da kashi goma cikin ɗari. Tekun jirgin ruwa da kuma A-deck suna aiki, amma sauran jirgin an yi masa fenti da ƙarfe. A cikinsa akwai wani {{Convert|50|ft|m}} dandamalin ɗagawa don jirgin ya karkata yayin jerin nutsewa. Tsawon {{Convert|60|ft|m}} Tsarin sashin baya na sashin baya na 1/8 ne mai ginin jirgin ruwa Jay Kantola ya tsara shi ta amfani da tsare-tsaren jirgin ruwan ' yar'uwar ''Titanic'' RMS Gasar Olympics . &lt;ref name=&quot;ewadmin&quot; /&gt; Sama da samfurin akwai wani {{Convert|162|ft|m|-tall}} crane mai tsayin {{Convert|600|ft|m}} na layin dogo, wanda ke aiki a matsayin haɗin ginin gini, haske, da dandamalin kyamara. 

Masu tsara kayayyaki sun sake gina ɗakunan ciki na ''Titanic'' bisa ga zane-zane na gaske da hotunan zamani. Babban Matakalar Tsakiya, wani wuri mai mahimmanci, an gina ta ne bisa ga babban aikin fasaha; duk da haka, an ƙarfafa ta da tsarin ƙarfe kuma an ƙara girmanta da kashi 30% fiye da na asali don haɓaka kyawun gani da kuma sauƙaƙe ɗaukar hoto. Masu sana'a daga Mexico da Birtaniya sun sassaka kayan ado na bango da kuma fenti bisa ga ƙirar ''Titanic'' ' asali.  {{Rp|21}}Kafet, kayan daki, kayan daki, kayan haske, kujeru, kayan yanka da kayan kawa da aka yi wa ado da farin White Star Line a kowane yanki suna cikin abubuwan da aka sake ƙirƙira bisa ga ƙirar asali. &lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh1997&quot; /&gt; {{Rp|35}}Dangane da cikin jirgin, ƙungiyar mai tsara kayayyaki ta Peter Lamont ta nemi kayan tarihi na wannan lokacin. Sabon jirgin yana nufin dole ne a yi kowane kayan aiki daga farko.  Cameron ya yi hayar masana tarihi guda biyu ''na Titanic'', Don Lynch da Ken Marschall, don tabbatar da cikakkun bayanai na tarihi. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt;

=== Jerin 'yan wasa ===
Cameron ya ce yana buƙatar 'yan wasan su ji kamar suna cikin ''Titanic'', su sake farfaɗo da yanayinsa, sannan su &quot;dauki wannan kuzarin su ba wa Jack ... wani mai fasaha wanda zai iya sa zuciyarsa ta yi rawa&quot;.  An yi la'akari da fitattun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, ciki har da Chris O'Donnell da Stephen Dorff, amma Cameron ya ji sun tsufa sosai ga ɗan shekara 20. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; [[Tom Cruise]] yana da sha'awa, amma farashin da yake nema ya yi tsada sosai. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya yi la'akari da Jared Leto, amma ya ƙi yin gwaji. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Setoodeh |first=Ramin |date=April 4, 2012 |title=Leonardo DiCaprio or Kate Winslet: Which 'Titanic' Star Has the Better Career? |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/04/04/leonardo-dicaprio-or-kate-winslet-which-titanic-star-has-the-better-career.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107011441/http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/04/04/leonardo-dicaprio-or-kate-winslet-which-titanic-star-has-the-better-career.html |archive-date=November 7, 2016 |access-date=April 23, 2012 |website=[[The Daily Beast]] |publisher=[[The Newsweek Daily Beast Company]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Billy Crudup yana cikin jerin 'yan takarar da aka zaɓa kuma an nemi ya yi gwaji, amma ya ƙi amincewa saboda ba shi da sha'awa kuma ya zaɓi ya fito a cikin fim ɗin ''Without Limits'' (1998). A shekarar 2000, Crudup ya ce fim ɗin ba zai yi nasara ba idan da ya fito a ciki. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Shaw |first=William |date=February 3, 2002 |title=Still the next big thing |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2002/feb/03/features.magazine |access-date=June 10, 2026 |via=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kennedy |first=Mark |title=Actor Crudup specializes in dark roles Almost 'Titanic' superstar, he's in no hurry for hype |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/2000/07/16/actor-crudup-specializes-in-dark-roles-almost-titanic-superstar-hes-in-no-hurry-for-hype/62190092007/ |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=The Oklahoman}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jeremy Sisto ya ɗauki jerin gwaje-gwajen allo tare da Winslet da wasu 'yan wasan kwaikwayo uku suna fafatawa don rawar Rose.  Mark Wahlberg ya gana da Cameron don tattauna batun amma Cameron bai nuna sha'awa ba.  Matthew McConaughey, &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=What I'm Hearing: Ellison-Warners Buzz, Paramount-Yaccarino Flirtation, 'Heat 2' Crunch &amp; Aniston's Apple Issue |url=https://puck.news/newsletter_content/what-im-hearing-ellison-warners-buzz-paramount-yaccarino-flirtation-heat-2-crunch-anistons-apple-issue/ |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=Puck.news}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ethan Hawke, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Frank |first=Alex |date=September 1, 2025 |title=How Ethan Hawke found the sweet spot |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/ethan-hawke-interview-2025 |access-date=November 4, 2025 |website=British GQ |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Christian Bale]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stephenson |first=Cassidy |date=May 21, 2022 |title=Why Christian Bale Declared Leonardo DiCaprio His Nemesis |url=https://www.cbr.com/christian-bale-leonardo-dicaprio-movie-nemesis-explained/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230428040411/https://www.cbr.com/christian-bale-leonardo-dicaprio-movie-nemesis-explained/ |archive-date=April 28, 2023 |access-date=November 4, 2025 |website=CBR |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Paul Rudd suma sun yi gwajin gwaji. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Conner Schwerdtfeger |date=March 17, 2016 |title=Why Paul Rudd Wanted The Lead Role In Titanic So Badly |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/new/Why-Paul-Rudd-Wanted-Lead-Role-Titanic-So-Badly-119157.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250930181838/https://www.cinemablend.com/new/Why-Paul-Rudd-Wanted-Lead-Role-Titanic-So-Badly-119157.html |archive-date=September 30, 2025 |access-date=November 4, 2025 |website=Cinemablend |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; An yi watsi da McConaughey saboda ya ƙi canza wasansa na Kudu . &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot; /&gt;

Daraktan shirya fina-finai, Mali Finn, ya jawo hankalin Cameron ga Leonardo DiCaprio, wanda a lokacin yana da shekaru 21. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; Da farko, DiCaprio bai so rawar ba kuma ya ƙi karanta yanayin soyayyarsa na farko. Cameron ya ce, &quot;Ya karanta shi sau ɗaya, sannan ya fara yin wasa da shi, kuma ban taɓa sa shi ya sake mai da hankali a kai ba. Amma na ɗan lokaci kaɗan, wani haske ya sauko daga sama ya haskaka dajin.&quot; Cameron ya yi imani da iyawar DiCaprio kuma ya ce masa, &quot;Duba, ba zan sa wannan mutumin ya yi tunani da tunani ba. Ba zan yi masa wani abu da zai sa shi ya yi kasala da duk abin da kake so ba.&quot; Cameron ya yi hasashen halin kamar wanda James Stewart ko Gregory Peck suka taka. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt;  Bayan ta gwada DiCaprio a talabijin, Winslet ta yi matukar mamaki, sai ta yi wa Cameron rada, &quot;Yana da kyau. Ko da ba ka zaɓe ni ba, ka zaɓe shi.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; DiCaprio ya ƙi amincewa da rawar da ya taka a fim ɗin ''Boogie Nights'' (1997) don ya fito a fim ''ɗin Titanic.'' A shekarar 2025, ya ce ya yi nadamar wannan shawarar, yana mai cewa ''Boogie Nights'' &quot;fim ne mai zurfi na tsararrakina&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sharf |first=Zack |date=August 14, 2025 |title=Leonardo DiCaprio Says 'My Biggest Regret' Is Turning Down 'Boogie Nights' Offer 30 Years Ago |url=https://variety.com/2025/film/news/leonardo-dicaprio-regrets-boogie-nights-offer-1236488229/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250913175152/https://variety.com/2025/film/news/leonardo-dicaprio-regrets-boogie-nights-offer-1236488229/ |archive-date=September 13, 2025 |access-date=September 2, 2025 |website=Variety}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cameron ya bayyana Rose a matsayin &quot;irin Audrey Hepburn &quot;. Kamar yadda ya faru da DiCaprio, Finn ya jawo hankalin Cameron ga Winslet. An yi la'akari da [[Gwyneth Paltrow]], Winona Ryder, Claire Danes (waɗanda suka yi aiki tare da DiCaprio a cikin ''Romeo + Juliet'' a shekarar da ta gabata), Gabrielle Anwar, da Reese Witherspoon don wannan rawar. {{Efn|Attributed to multiple references:&lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;www.forbes.com&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=February 25, 2009 |title=Star Misses. Nicole Kidman in &quot;The Reader&quot;? Gwyneth Paltrow aboard &quot;Titanic&quot;? How some of the biggest names in Hollywood lost out on some of its biggest roles. |url=https://www.forbes.com/2009/02/25/nicole-kidman-gwyneth-paltrow-kate-winslet-business-media_star_misses.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104103436/http://www.forbes.com/2009/02/25/nicole-kidman-gwyneth-paltrow-kate-winslet-business-media_star_misses.html |archive-date=November 4, 2015 |access-date=January 22, 2010 |work=[[Forbes]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=June 22, 2012 |title='Titanic' Casting: What Other Stars Were Considered For James Cameron's Masterpiece? |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/22/titanic-casting-james-cameron-christian-bale_n_1619006.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313200613/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/22/titanic-casting-james-cameron-christian-bale_n_1619006.html |archive-date=March 13, 2016 |access-date=March 21, 2016 |work=[[Huffington Post]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;women.timesonline.co.uk&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Warrington |first=Ruby |date=November 29, 2009 |title=Claire Danes: the secretive starlet |url=http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/celebrity/article6929555.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615145756/http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/celebrity/article6929555.ece |archive-date=June 15, 2011 |access-date=January 22, 2010 |work=[[The Times]] |location=London}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Lokacin da suka ƙi amincewa da shi, inda Paltrow ya zaɓi ya fito a cikin ''Great Expectations'' (1998) kuma 'yan Denmark sun ji bai dace da ita ba, Winslet ta yi kamfen don wannan rawar. Ta aika wa Cameron takardun bayanai na yau da kullun daga Ingila, wanda hakan ya sa Cameron ya gayyace ta zuwa Hollywood don yin gwaji. Da farko bai da tabbas ko da bayan gwajin ta na allo ya burge shi. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 30, 1998 |title=SPOTLIGHT ON GWYNETH PALTROW SLEEK ACTRESS PERFECT FOR SOPHISTICATED ROLE IN HITCHCOCK UPDATE |url=https://www.mcall.com/1998/05/30/spotlight-on-gwyneth-paltrow-sleek-actress-perfect-for-sophisticated-role-in-hitchcock-update/ |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=Mcall.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 29, 2020 |title=Claire Danes Turned Down The Role Of Rose In 'Titanic' And Now She's Explained Why |url=https://www.elle.com/uk/life-and-culture/culture/a30698168/claire-danes-titanic-leonardo-dicaprio/ |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=Elle.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Winslet ya aika wa Cameron fure guda ɗaya mai kati mai suna &quot;From Your Rose&quot;, sannan ya yi masa rakiya ta waya. &quot;Ba ka fahimta ba!&quot; ta roƙi wata rana lokacin da ta same shi ta wayar hannu da wayan sa kirar Humvee . &quot;Ni ce Rose! Ban san dalilin da yasa kike ganin wani ba!&quot; Dagewarta da baiwarta daga ƙarshe sun shawo kansa ya yi mata fintinkau. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya ce Winslet &quot;tana da abin da kike nema&quot; kuma akwai &quot;wani hali a fuskarta, a idanunta&quot; wanda &quot;ya san mutane za su shirya su yi tafiya mai nisa da ita&quot;.  Winslet ya ce game da Rose: &quot;Tana da abubuwa da yawa da za ta bayar, kuma tana da zuciya mai buɗewa. Kuma tana son bincika da kuma yin kasada a duniya, amma tana [jin] hakan ba zai faru ba.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;Making of&quot; /&gt;

A lokacin da take da shekaru 87, dole ne a gyara Gloria Stuart don ta yi kama da tsohuwa saboda rawar da tsohuwar Rose ta taka. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya umurci Finn da ya &quot;nemo 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da suka yi ritaya daga Zamanin Zinare na shekarun 30 zuwa 40 &quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt; Cameron bai san ko wanene Stuart ba. An kuma yi la'akari da Fay Wray, amma Cameron ya ce, &quot;[Stuart] ta kasance mai son sa sosai, kuma mai haske, kuma tana da babban ruhi. Kuma na ga alaƙar da ke tsakanin ruhinta da ruhin [Winslet]. Na ga wannan ''farin ciki'' a cikin duka biyun, har na yi tunanin masu sauraro za su iya yin wannan tsalle-tsalle na fahimta cewa mutum ɗaya ne.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt;

Cameron ya yi la'akari da Michael Biehn a matsayinsa na Cal Hockley, wanda ya yi aiki tare da shi a baya a cikin shirin ''The Terminator, Aliens'', da ''The Abyss'',  kafin ya miƙa shi ga Matthew McConaughey. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Rob Lowe ya ce shi ma ya bi sahun.  Reba McEntire ta ƙi amincewa da matsayin Margaret Brown saboda ya saɓa wa jadawalin yawon shakatawarta. 

=== Yin fim ===
An fara ɗaukar manyan hotunan ne a ranar 31 ga Yuli, 1996, &lt;ref name=&quot;filmingdate&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Titanic (1997) - IMDb |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120338/locations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209003138/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120338/locations |archive-date=February 9, 2023 |access-date=November 6, 2022 |website=[[IMDb]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; a Dartmouth, Nova Scotia . An ɗauki hotunan balaguron zamani a cikin jirgin ''Akademik Mstislav Keldysh'' .  A watan Satumba, an mayar da kayan aikin zuwa sabon ginin Fox Baja Studios da ke Rosarito, Mexico, inda aka gina cikakken samfurin ''Titanic'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;heart&quot; /&gt; An gina benen bayan gida a kan wani abin ɗagawa wanda zai iya tashi daga sifili zuwa digiri 90 cikin ƴan daƙiƙa, daidai lokacin da bayan jirgin ya tashi yayin nutsewa.  Domin kare lafiyar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, an yi kayan tallafi da yawa da robar kumfa.  Zuwa ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, ana ɗaukar hotunan wuraren da aka ɗauki hoton jirgin. &lt;ref name=&quot;timelapse&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya gina ''jirgin Titanic'' ɗinsa a gefen tauraro yayin da wani bincike da aka yi kan bayanai game da yanayi ya nuna cewa iska ce da ta mamaye arewa daga kudu, wadda ta hura hayakin bututun bayan ta. Wannan ya haifar da matsala wajen harba bindigar jirgin sama lokacin da ya tashi daga [[Southampton]], yayin da yake tsayawa a gefen tashar jiragen ruwa . Dole ne a sauya aiwatar da umarnin da aka rubuta, da kuma kayan daki da kayan sawa; misali, idan wani ya yi tafiya zuwa dama a cikin rubutun, dole ne ya yi tafiya zuwa hagu yayin daukar hoto. A lokacin da aka kammala aikin fim ɗin, an juya shi zuwa ga hanyar da ta dace.  An ɗauki wani mai horar da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na cikakken lokaci don ya koyar da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo yadda ake ɗabi'un manyan mutane a shekarar 1912. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Duk da haka, masu suka da dama sun lura da rashin daidaituwar ra'ayi.  
[[File:Kate-winslet_titanic_movie_pencil-drawing.jpg|alt=A pencil-drawing sketch depicting a woman with a somewhat stern face lying on a chair and pillow naked, only wearing a diamond necklace. From the breast down the picture is cut off.|left|thumb| Zanen Cameron na Rose sanye da Zuciyar Teku. Wurin ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin hotunan farko, domin ba a shirya babban shirin ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt;]]
Cameron ya zana hoton Rose na Jack; Winslet ya yi hoton sanye da kayan wanka.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Huff |first=Lauren |date=February 9, 2023 |title=James Cameron is really the one sketching naked Rose in 'Titanic' |url=https://ew.com/movies/james-cameron-drew-rose-sketch-titanic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204145304/https://ew.com/movies/james-cameron-drew-rose-sketch-titanic/ |archive-date=February 4, 2024 |access-date=February 4, 2024 |website=EW.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cameron ya ji cewa lamarin yana da yanayin danniya da 'yanci: &quot;Ka san abin da yake nufi a gare ta, 'yancin da take ji dole ne ya kasance. Yana da ɗan daɗi saboda wannan dalili,&quot; in ji shi. &lt;ref name=&quot;The Telegraph-2011&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt; Wurin zane-zane shine wurin farko da DiCaprio da Winslet suka haɗu tare. Cameron ya ce: &quot;Ba ta kowace irin ƙira ba ce, kodayake ban iya tsara ta da kyau ba. Akwai tsoro da kuzari da kuma shakku a cikinsu. Sun yi atisaye tare, amma ba su yi komai tare ba. Da a ce ina da zaɓi, da na fi so in ƙara zurfafa cikin jikin harbin.&quot; Cameron ya ce shi da tawagarsa &quot;suna ƙoƙarin nemo abubuwan da za su ɗauka&quot; saboda manyan shirye-shiryen &quot;ba su shirya ba tsawon watanni, don haka muna ta fafutukar cike duk abin da za mu iya samu don ɗaukar fim.&quot; Cameron ya ji cewa yanayin ƙarshe ya yi aiki sosai. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt;

Hotunan wani abu ne mai wahala wanda &quot;ya ƙara wa Cameron suna mai ban tsoro a matsayin &quot;mutumin da ya fi kowa ban tsoro a Hollywood&quot;. Ya shahara a matsayin &quot;mai son kammalawa mai wahala&quot; da kuma &quot;mai kururuwa mai girman decibel 300,&quot; Kyaftin Bligh na zamani mai megaphone da walkie-talkie, yana saukowa a fuskokin mutane a kan 162&amp;nbsp;ft crane.&quot;  Winslet ta yi ƙashi a gwiwar hannunta yayin da take ɗaukar fim ɗin kuma tana cikin fargabar cewa za ta nutse a cikin tankin ruwa mai nauyin galan miliyan 17 (lita miliyan 64) wanda jirgin zai nutse a ciki. Ta ce wani lokacin tana jin tsoron fushin Cameron kuma yana yi wa ma'aikatan jirgin ihu cikin fushi. &lt;ref name=&quot;entertainment.timesonline.co.uk&quot; /&gt; Bill Paxton ya saba da ɗabi'ar Cameron a fannin aiki tun daga lokacin da ya fara aiki, kuma ya ce: &quot;Akwai mutane da yawa a wurin. Jim ba ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan mutanen da ke da lokacin da za su iya lashe zukata da tunani ba ne.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;entertainment.timesonline.co.uk&quot; /&gt; Ma'aikatan jirgin sun ji Cameron yana da mugun hali na daban kuma sun yi masa lakabi da &quot;Mij&quot; (Jim ya rubuta a baya). &lt;ref name=&quot;entertainment.timesonline.co.uk&quot; /&gt; Da yake mayar da martani ga sukar, Cameron ya ce, &quot;Yin fim yaƙi ne. Babban yaƙi tsakanin kasuwanci da kyau.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;entertainment.timesonline.co.uk&quot; /&gt; Ma'aikatan jirgin sama sama da 800 ne suka yi aiki a fim ɗin. 

A ranar 9 ga Agusta, 1996, a lokacin da ake harbin wani mutum da aka sani da ''Akademik Mstislav Keldysh'' a Kanada, wani mutum da ba a san ko waye ba, wanda ake zargin yana cikin ma'aikatan jirgin, ya saka maganin da ke raba jiki da Cameron da wasu mutane daban-daban suka ci a wani dare a Dartmouth, Nova Scotia . &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt;   Ya tura mutane sama da 50 zuwa asibiti. &lt;ref name=&quot;PCP&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;unsolvedmystery&quot; /&gt; Paxton da Cameron sun ci miyar suka tafi asibiti, duk da haka, Paxton ya yanke shawarar tafiya, yana gaya wa Cameron, &quot;Jim, ba zan je nan ba, wannan bedlam ne. Zan... koma wurin da ake yin wasan in sha giya kawai.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 17, 2015 |title=A case of beer? Bill Paxton reveals his remedy for 'Titanic's' PCP-laced chowder |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/gossip/la-et-mg-bill-paxton-pcp-laced-chowder-remedy-titanic-larry-king-20150617-htmlstory.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311051144/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/gossip/la-et-mg-bill-paxton-pcp-laced-chowder-remedy-titanic-larry-king-20150617-htmlstory.html |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Lewis Abernathy ya ce &quot;akwai mutane da ke yawo a kusa, ba sa cikinsa kwata-kwata. Wasu daga cikinsu sun ce suna ganin alamun cutar ƙwannafi da kuma masu tabin hankali.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya yi amai kafin maganin ya yi ƙarfi sosai. Abernathy ta yi mamakin yadda yake kallonta. &quot;Ido ɗaya ya yi ja gaba ɗaya, kamar idon Terminator . Ɗalibi, babu iris, ja beet. Ɗayan idon ya yi kama da yana shaƙar manne tun yana ɗan shekara huɗu.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt;  Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Nova Scotia ta tabbatar da cewa miyar ta ƙunshi PCP a ranar 27 ga Agusta, kuma Hukumar 'Yan Sanda ta Yankin Halifax ta sanar da gudanar da bincike kan laifuka washegari. An rufe binciken a watan Fabrairun 1999. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jacobs |first=Matthew |date=December 19, 2022 |title=25 Years Later, No One Knows Who Spiked the Titanic Chowder |url=https://www.vulture.com/2022/12/25-years-later-no-one-knows-who-spiked-the-titanic-chowder.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219210838/https://www.vulture.com/2022/12/25-years-later-no-one-knows-who-spiked-the-titanic-chowder.html |archive-date=December 19, 2022 |access-date=December 19, 2022 |website=Vulture |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da cewa Cameron ya yi nuni da cewa wataƙila wani ma'aikacin jirgin da aka kora ne ya yi sanadiyyar gubar, amma ba a taɓa kama mutumin ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;unsolvedmystery&quot; /&gt;  

An yi niyyar jadawalin ɗaukar fim ɗin ya ɗauki tsawon kwanaki 138 amma ya kai 160 (an kammala ɗaukar fim ɗin a hukumance a ranar 23 ga Maris, 1997). &lt;ref name=&quot;filmingdate&quot; /&gt; Yawancin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo sun kamu da mura, mura, ko cututtukan koda bayan sun shafe sa'o'i suna cikin ruwan sanyi, ciki har da Winslet. Ta yanke shawarar ba za ta sake yin aiki da Cameron ba sai dai idan ta sami &quot;kuɗi mai yawa&quot;.  Wasu da dama sun bar shirin, kuma 'yan wasan kwaikwayo uku sun karya ƙashinsu, amma ƙungiyar 'Yan Wasan Kwaikwayo ta Screen Actors ta yanke shawara, bayan wani bincike, cewa babu wani abu da ke da haɗari game da shirin. &lt;ref name=&quot;return&quot; /&gt; DiCaprio ya ce babu wani amfani idan ya ji yana cikin haɗari yayin ɗaukar fim. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 11, 2008 |title=Leonardo DiCaprio Interviewed by Joe Leydon for &quot;Titanic&quot; |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZPnEEtvXTU |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427162610/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZPnEEtvXTU |archive-date=April 27, 2016 |access-date=August 3, 2010 |publisher=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cameron ya yi imani da ɗabi'ar aiki mai ƙwazo kuma bai taɓa neman afuwa ba game da yadda yake gudanar da wasanninsa. Ya ce:
{{Blockquote|I'm demanding, and I'm demanding on my crew. In terms of being kind of militaresque, I think there's an element of that in dealing with thousands of extras and big logistics and keeping people safe. I think you have to have a fairly strict methodology in dealing with a large number of people.&lt;ref name=&quot;return&quot; /&gt;}}
Kudin daukar fim din ya kai dala $200&amp;nbsp;miliyan,    kusan $1&amp;nbsp;miliyan a kowace minti na lokacin allo.  Manyan shugabannin Fox sun firgita suka kuma ba da shawarar a rage tsawon sa'a guda daga fim ɗin na tsawon sa'o'i uku. Sun yi jayayya cewa tsawaita tsawon zai nufin ƙarancin nunawa, don haka ƙarancin kuɗin shiga, duk da cewa dogayen fina-finai sun fi samun damar lashe kyautar Oscars . Cameron ya ƙi, yana gaya wa Fox, &quot;Kana son yanke fim dina? Dole ne ka kore ni! Kana son korar ni? Dole ne ka kashe ni!&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; Shugabannin ba sa son sake farawa, domin hakan zai sa su rasa dukkan jarin da suka zuba. Da farko sun ƙi tayin Cameron na ya rasa rabonsa na ribar a matsayin wani abu mara amfani, domin sun yi hasashen cewa ribar ba za ta yiyu ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; Madadin haka, sun karɓi tayinsa na barin albashinsa na dala miliyan 8 da kuma rabonsa na ribar farko.  Cameron ya ce: &quot;A takaice dai, fim ɗin ya fi tsada fiye da ''T2'' da ''True Lies .'' Waɗannan fina-finan sun haura kashi bakwai ko takwas cikin ɗari daga kasafin kuɗin farko. ''Titanic'' ma tana da babban kasafin kuɗi a farko, amma ya haura fiye da haka. A matsayina na furodusa kuma darakta, ni ne ke ɗaukar alhakin studio ɗin da ke rubuta cekin, don haka na rage musu raɗaɗi. Na yi hakan a lokuta biyu daban-daban. Ba su tilasta mini in yi ba; sun yi farin ciki da na yi.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt; A watan Yulin 2024, Cameron ya ce [[Jon Landau|Jon Landau,]] wanda ya haɗu da furodusa, &quot;ya sha wahala sakamakon matsin lambar da aka samu a ɗakin studio&quot; lokacin da aka ƙera ''Titanic'' .  A cewar Cameron, Landau &quot;ya ba da dukkan ƙarfinsa don samar da lokaci da albarkatun da zan yi fim ɗin da na gani a cikin kaina&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;cameronspeaksonlandau&quot; /&gt;

Saboda damuwa game da hauhawar farashin fim ɗin, Fox ya so ya nemo wani ɗakin studio wanda zai ba shi kuɗi tare da kamfanin. Fox ya fara tuntubar Universal Pictures, domin sun karɓi haƙƙin rarrabawa na ƙasashen duniya ga Cameron's ''True Lies'' (1994) lokacin da farashin samarwa ya fara ƙaruwa; duk da haka, Universal za ta ƙi Fox. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!-- not stated --&gt; |date=December 8, 1997 |title=Cinema: Trying to Stay Afloat |url=https://time.com/archive/6731946/cinema-trying-to-stay-afloat/ |access-date=April 11, 2026 |website=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Madadin haka, Fox da Paramount Pictures sun haɗu a watan Mayu na shekarar 1996 bayan nasarar da ɗakunan biyu suka samu wajen rarraba fim ɗin ''Braveheart'' na Mel Gibson (1995), kuma sun amince su haɗa kuɗi wajen rarraba fim ɗin tare da raba haƙƙin rarrabawa.  A ƙoƙarin dawo da jarin da suka zuba na dala miliyan 135, Fox ya sayar da haƙƙin cikin gida ga Paramount a madadin Paramount, yana ba Fox ƙarin dala miliyan 65 don samarwa, yayin da yake riƙe haƙƙin ƙasashen duniya; Fox ya ci gaba da ɗaukar alhakin duk wani ƙarin kuɗaɗen da aka kashe a kasafin kuɗi, amma za su riƙe duk ribar da aka samu daga kowace kaya a matsayin wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar da aka yi da Paramount. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brew |first=Simon |date=April 15, 2020 |title=Titanic, and how Paramount Pictures got an incredible deal on the world's biggest film |url=https://filmstories.co.uk/features/titanic-and-how-paramount-pictures-got-an-incredible-deal-on-the-worlds-biggest-film/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620064606/https://filmstories.co.uk/features/titanic-and-how-paramount-pictures-got-an-incredible-deal-on-the-worlds-biggest-film/ |archive-date=June 20, 2024 |access-date=July 1, 2024 |website=Film Stories}}&lt;/ref&gt;  A tsakiyar nasarar da fim ɗin ya samu a harkar fina-finai, babban jami'in Fox, William Mechanic, ya ce: &quot;Jim Cameron ya gaya mana cewa za mu iya yin fim mai tsada ko fim mai tsada wanda zai iya zama mai kyau. Mun yanke hukunci. Kuma mun yi zaɓi mafi kyau.&quot; 

=== Bayan samarwa ===

==== Tasiri ====
Cameron yana son ya wuce iyakokin tasirin musamman, kuma ya yi rajistar Digital Domain da Pacific Data Images don ci gaba da ci gaban fasahar dijital da ya fara a ''The Abyss'' and ''Terminator 2: Judgment Day'' . Fina-finai da yawa da suka gabata game da ''Titanic'' sun ɗauki ruwa a hankali, waɗanda ba su yi kama da abin da ya gamsar ba.  Cameron ya ƙarfafa ma'aikatansa su harbi jirginsu {{Convert|45|ft|m|-long}} ƙaramin jirgin kamar &quot;muna yin talla don layin White Star&quot;.  Bayan haka, an ƙara ruwa da hayaƙi na dijital, haka kuma an ɗauki ƙarin bayanai a kan matakin ɗaukar motsi . Mai kula da tasirin gani Rob Legato ya duba fuskokin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da yawa, ciki har da kansa da 'ya'yansa, don ganin ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na dijital da masu wasan kwaikwayo. Akwai kuma wani {{Convert|65|ft|m|-long}} samfurin bayan jirgin wanda zai iya karyewa biyu akai-akai, ƙaramin abu ɗaya tilo da za a yi amfani da shi a cikin ruwa. &lt;ref name=&quot;unreality&quot; /&gt; Ga abubuwan da aka nuna a cikin injunan jirgin, an haɗa hotunan injunan SS &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span about=&quot;#mwt480&quot; class=&quot;nowrap&quot; data-cx=&quot;[{&amp;amp;quot;adapted&amp;amp;quot;:true,&amp;amp;quot;targetExists&amp;amp;quot;:true,&amp;amp;quot;mandatoryTargetParams&amp;amp;quot;:[],&amp;amp;quot;optionalTargetParams&amp;amp;quot;:[]}]&quot; data-mw=&quot;{&amp;amp;quot;parts&amp;amp;quot;:[{&amp;amp;quot;template&amp;amp;quot;:{&amp;amp;quot;target&amp;amp;quot;:{&amp;amp;quot;wt&amp;amp;quot;:&amp;amp;quot;'&amp;amp;quot;,&amp;amp;quot;href&amp;amp;quot;:&amp;amp;quot;./Samfuri:'&amp;amp;quot;},&amp;amp;quot;params&amp;amp;quot;:{},&amp;amp;quot;i&amp;amp;quot;:0}}]}&quot; data-ve-no-generated-contents=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;mwBSM&quot; style=&quot;padding-left:0.1em;&quot; typeof=&quot;mw:Transclusion&quot;&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwBSI&quot;&gt;O'Brien&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; da ƙananan firam ɗin tallafi, kuma an ɗauki hotunan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a kan allon kore .  Domin adana kuɗi, wurin shakatawa na aji na farko ƙaramin saiti ne da aka haɗa a cikin bangon kore a bayan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo.  An niƙa ƙaramin ɗakin shakatawar don kwaikwayon lalata ɗakin da kuma samfurin sikelin wata hanya mai daraja ta farko da ruwa ya mamaye yayin da kyamarar ke fita. 
[[File:Titanic_breaks_in_half.jpg|alt=The Titanic about to sink into the ocean, with the ship breaking into two parts and with smoke still coming out of the funnels.|left|thumb|300x300px| Ba kamar fina-finan da suka gabata ba, ''Titanic'' ya nuna jirgin yana karyewa biyu kafin ya nutse. Lamarin ya kasance labarin mafi yuwuwar sakamako.]]
{{Convert|5000000|usgal|L}} da aka haɗaAn yi amfani da tankin  don nutsewa cikin ciki, inda za a iya karkatar da dukkan saitin cikin ruwa. Don nutsar da Babban Matakala, {{Convert|90000|usgal|L}} na ruwa an zuba a cikin saitin yayin da aka saukar da shi cikin tanki. Ba zato ba tsammani, ruwan saman ya tsage matattakalar daga tushe mai ƙarfi na ƙarfe, duk da cewa babu wanda ya ji rauni. {{Convert|744|ft|m|-long}} an saukar da rabin farko na jirgin ruwan ''Titanic'' cikin tanki, amma a matsayinsa na ɓangaren da ya fi nauyi a cikin jirgin, ya yi aiki a matsayin abin shaƙar girgiza a kan ruwa; don shigar da akwatin cikin ruwa, Cameron ya sa aka zubar da yawancin akwatin kuma ya fasa wasu tagogi na fasinja da kansa. Bayan sun nutse cikin ɗakin cin abinci, an shafe kwana uku ana ɗaukar hoton ROV na Lovett a cikin jirgin da ya faɗi a cikin jirgin a halin yanzu.  An ɗauki hotunan abubuwan da suka faru a Tekun Atlantika mai sanyi a cikin {{Convert|350000|usgal|L}} tanki.  An ƙirƙiri gawarwakin da suka daskare ta hanyar shafa foda wanda ke yin lu'ulu'u lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga ruwa, kuma an shafa kakin zuma a kan gashi da tufafi. 

Wannan yanayi mai kyau, wanda ke nuna karyewar jirgin kai tsaye kafin ya nutse da kuma nutsewarsa zuwa ƙasan Tekun Atlantika, ya ƙunshi wani babban sitiyari mai karkata, ƙarin 'yan wasa 150, da kuma masu wasan kwaikwayo 100. Cameron ya soki fina-finan ''Titanic'' da suka gabata saboda nuna cewa jirgin ya nutse a cikin ruwa a matsayin wani abin zamiya mai kyau. &quot;Yana son ya kwatanta shi a matsayin abin da ya faru mai ban tsoro wanda ya faru da gaske&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Masu wasan kwaikwayo sun buƙaci su faɗi daga kan benen da ke ƙara karkata, suna faɗuwa da ɗaruruwan ƙafa a ƙasa kuma suna tsalle daga kan shingen da ke kan hanyarsu ta sauka. Wasu yunƙurin ɗaukar wannan shirin tare da jaruman fina-finai sun haifar da ƙananan raunuka, kuma Cameron ya dakatar da shirin fina-finan da suka fi haɗari. Daga ƙarshe an rage haɗarin &quot;ta hanyar amfani da mutanen da aka ƙirƙira ta kwamfuta don faɗuwar haɗari&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; An yi amfani da tsarin aiki mai tushen Linux don tasirin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Strauss |first=Daryll |date=February 1, 1998 |title=Linux Helps Bring Titanic to Life |url=https://www.linuxjournal.com/article/2494 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301001437/https://www.linuxjournal.com/article/2494 |archive-date=March 1, 2021 |website=[[Linux Journal]] |quote=Linux fulfilled the task very well. It handled every job we threw at it. During our testing phase, we used its ability to emulate Digital UNIX applications to benchmark standard applications and show that its performance would meet our needs. The flexibility of the existing devices and available source code gave Linux a definitive advantage.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Gyara ====
Cameron ya ce akwai wasu fannoni na labarin ''Titanic'' da suka yi kama da suna da mahimmanci a lokacin shirya fim ɗin kafin da kuma bayansa amma sun fara raguwa yayin da fim ɗin ya ci gaba. Ya cire jirgin ruwan SS &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwBV0&quot;&gt;Californian&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, wanda yake kusa da ''Titanic'' a daren da ta nutse amma ya kashe rediyonsa na daren, bai ji kiran SOS na ma'aikatan jirgin ba, kuma bai amsa kiran gaggawar da suka yi masa ba. An yanke wani yanayi da ya shafi ɗan ''Californian'', a cewar Cameron, &quot;saboda yana mai da hankali kan wannan duniyar. Idan ''Titanic'' tana da ƙarfi a matsayin misali, a matsayin ƙaramin yanayi, don ƙarshen duniya a wata ma'ana, to wannan duniyar dole ne ta kasance mai zaman kanta.&quot; Ya ce rashin yin hakan ba &quot;rashin jituwa ne ga harkar fina-finai ta yau da kullun ba&quot; amma &quot;game da jaddadawa, ƙirƙirar gaskiya mai ratsa zuciya ga fim ɗin&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt;

A lokacin taron farko, Cameron ya canza ƙarshen. A cikin asalin, Brock da Lizzy sun ga tsohuwar Rose a bayan jirgin kuma suna tsoron cewa tana gab da kashe kanta. Rose ta bayyana cewa ta mallaki lu'u-lu'u na Zuciya na Tekun duk lokacin amma ba ta sayar da shi ba, don rayuwa da kanta ba tare da kuɗin Cal ba. Ta ba Brock damar riƙe shi amma ta gaya wa Brock cewa rayuwa ba ta da daraja kuma ta jefa lu'u-lu'u cikin teku. Bayan ya yarda da cewa dukiyar ba ta da amfani, Brock ya yi dariya da wautarsa. Cameron ta yanke shawarar cewa masu sauraro ba za su sake sha'awar Lovett ba kuma sun yanke wurin, don haka Rose ita kaɗai ce lokacin da ta sauke lu'u-lu'u. Har ila yau, bai so ya rushe baƙin ciki na masu sauraro ba bayan nutsewar ''Titanic''. Paxton ya yarda cewa yanayin da ya yi tare da Brock's epiphany da dariya ba dole ba ne, yana cewa: &quot;Da na harbe heroin don yin aikinmu da kyau ... An yi aikinmu a lokacin ... Idan kun kasance mai basira kuma kun dauki girman kai da narcissism daga ciki, za ku saurari fim din, kuma fim din zai gaya muku abin da yake bukata da abin da ba ya bukata. &quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lerner |first=Will |date=February 27, 2017 |title=Bill Paxton on the Alternate Ending of 'Titanic' That Audiences Didn't See in 1997 |url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/bill-paxton-on-the-alternate-ending-of-titanic-audiences-didnt-see-in-1997-150538039.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225134938/https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/bill-paxton-on-the-alternate-ending-of-titanic-audiences-didnt-see-in-1997-150538039.html |archive-date=December 25, 2020 |access-date=September 23, 2018 |publisher=Yahoo! Entertainment}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Spaces}}{{Spaces}}

Horner ya rubuta jigon ƙarshen fim ɗin, &quot; Zuciyata Za Ta Ci Gaba &quot;, a ɓoye tare da [[Will Jennings]], domin Cameron bai so a yi masa waƙa a fim ɗin ba.  [[Celine Dion|Céline Dion]] ta amince ta yi rikodin wani gwaji bayan rarrashin mijinta René Angélil . Horner ya jira har sai Cameron ya kasance cikin yanayi mai kyau kafin ya gabatar masa da waƙar. Bayan ya yi fim ɗin sau da yawa, Cameron ya bayyana amincewarsa, duk da cewa yana cikin damuwa cewa za a soki shi saboda &quot;yin talla a ƙarshen fim ɗin&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Parisi&quot; /&gt; Cameron kuma yana son ya kwantar da hankalin manyan shugabannin studio masu damuwa kuma &quot;ya ga cewa waƙar da ta shahara daga fim ɗinsa za ta iya zama wani abu mai kyau ne kawai wajen tabbatar da kammala ta&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Waƙar waƙar ita ce kundin waƙoƙin da aka fi sayarwa a shekarar 1998, inda aka sayar da ita sama da miliyan 27. 

== Saki ==

=== Wasan kwaikwayo ===
An raba rarraba ''Titanic'' tsakanin Paramount Pictures da Fox na ƙarni na 20; Paramount tana kula da rarrabawa a cikin gida, da Fox tana kula da fitarwa daga ƙasashen waje.  Duk kamfanonin biyu sun yi tsammanin Cameron zai kammala shi don fitar da shi a ranar 2 ga Yuli, 1997,  &quot;don amfani da tallace-tallacen tikitin bazara mai riba lokacin da fina-finai masu ban sha'awa galibi suka fi kyau&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; A watan Afrilu, Cameron ya ce tasirin musamman yana da rikitarwa kuma sakin fim ɗin a wannan ranar ba zai yiwu ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Studios sun yi tunanin tura shi zuwa ƙarshen watan Yuli ko kuma makon farko na watan Agusta. An ruwaito cewa Harrison Ford ya sanar da Paramount, wanda ya shirya fina-finansa masu riba na ''Indiana Jones'' da ''Jack Ryan'', cewa ba zai sake yin aiki da su ba idan suka fitar da ''Titanic'' kusa da fim ɗinsa na ''Air Force One'', wanda za a fara a ranar 25 ga Yuli. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Drudge |first=Matt |date=May 21, 1997 |title=Drudge: Harrison Ford Holds Up the Titanic |url=https://www.wired.com/1997/05/drudge-harrison-ford-holds-up-the-titanic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709060046/https://www.wired.com/1997/05/drudge-harrison-ford-holds-up-the-titanic/ |archive-date=July 9, 2023 |access-date=July 9, 2023 |website=wired.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

On May 29, 1997, Paramount postponed ''Titanic'' to December 19, 1997. Its new release date would be shared by [[James Bond]]'s ''Tomorrow Never Dies'' and ''Mouse Hunt''. This led many to speculate that ''Titanic'' was poorly made.&lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Studio executives wanted other summer blockbusters to maximize their profits, most notably ''Hercules'', ''Face/Off'', ''The Lost World: Jurassic Park'', ''My Best Friend's Wedding'', ''Speed 2: Cruise Control'', ''Con Air'', ''Batman &amp;amp;amp; Robin'', ''Men in Black'', ''Air Force One'', and ''Conspiracy Theory''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weinraub-1997&quot; /&gt; To make up for ''Titanic''{{'}}s delay, Paramount moved up the opening of ''Event Horizon'' to August to position it as a desperately needed summer season release.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Frost |first=Amber |date=December 16, 2025 |title=28 Years Later, the Scariest Single Shot in Sci-Fi Horror History Is Absolutely Perfect |url=https://www.cbr.com/event-horizon-scariest-shot-sci-fi-horror-history/ |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=Cbr.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A preview screening of ''Titanic'' in Minneapolis on July 14, 1997, was received positively, and favorable word of mouth spread online, creating more positive media coverage.&lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt;
[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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'''''Titanic''''' fim ne na tarihi na Amurka da aka yi a shekarar 1997 wanda James Cameron ya rubuta kuma ya bada umarni. Ta hanyar haɗa ɓangarorin tarihi da na almara, an gina shi ne bisa la'akari da nutsewar RMS Jirgin Titanic a shekarar 1912. [[Leonardo DiCaprio]] da [[Kate Winslet]] sun fito a matsayin mambobi na azuzuwan zamantakewa daban-daban waɗanda suka kamu da soyayya a lokacin bala'in tafiyar jirgin ruwan. Jaruman sun hada da Billy Zane, Kathy Bates, Frances Fisher, Bernard Hill, Jonathan Hyde, Danny Nucci, David Warner da Bill Paxton .

Wahayin Cameron ya samo asali ne daga sha'awarsa da hatsarin jirgin ruwa . Ya ji cewa labarin soyayya da aka haɗa da asarar ɗan adam zai zama mahimmanci don nuna tasirin motsin rai na bala'in. An fara samar da kayan ne a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 1995,  lokacin da Cameron ya ɗauki hotunan jirgin Titanic . An ɗauki hotunan wannan zamani a cikin jirgin ruwa na bincike na Cibiyar Nazarin Teku ta Shirshov, Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, wanda Cameron ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin sansanin lokacin ɗaukar hotunan jirgin. An yi amfani da samfuran sikelin, hotunan da kwamfuta ta samar (CGI), da sake gina Titanic da aka gina a Baja Studios don sake gina nutsewar. An fara kera Titanic a ƙarni na 20 Fox, amma jinkiri da kuma ƙarancin kasafin kuɗi sun sa Fox ta yi haɗin gwiwa da Paramount Pictures don neman taimakon kuɗi. Shi ne fim mafi tsada da aka taɓa yi a lokacin, tare da kasafin kuɗin shiryawa na dala $200. miliyan. An fara ɗaukar fim ɗin daga watan Yuli na shekarar 1996 zuwa Maris na shekarar 1997.

An fara nuna Titanic a bikin nuna fina-finai na duniya na Tokyo a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, 1997, kuma an sake shi a Amurka a ranar 19 ga Disamba. Kamfanin Paramount Pictures da ke Amurka da Kanada ne suka rarraba shi, sannan kuma kamfanin Fox na ƙarni na 20 a wasu yankuna. An yaba mata saboda tasirinta na gani, ayyukanta (musamman na DiCaprio, Winslet, da Gloria Stuart ), dabi'un shirya fina-finai, alkibla, maki, fim, labari, da kuma zurfin motsin rai. Daga cikin wasu kyaututtukan, fim ɗin ya sami zaɓe goma sha huɗu a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Academy na 70 kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka goma sha ɗaya, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawun Darakta . Ta yin hakan, ta haɗa All About Eve (1950) a matsayin rikodin mafi yawan waɗanda aka zaɓa don kyautar Academy Award, da kuma Ben-Hur (1959) a matsayin mafi yawan kyaututtukan Academy Awards da fim ya lashe, wanda hakan ya sanya Titanic ya zama fim mafi nasara a tarihin kyautar Academy Award. 

Tare da jimillar kuɗin farko na duniya sama da $1.84&amp;nbsp;biliyan, wanda ya zama fim mafi tsada a shekarar 1997, ''Titanic'' shine fim na farko da ya kai darajar dala biliyan, {{Efn|''[[Jurassic Park]]'' (1993) would later become the earliest-released film to achieve this feat, via subsequent re-releases}} kuma shine fim mafi tsada a kowane lokaci har zuwa fim na gaba na Cameron, ''Avatar'' (2009), ya zarce shi a shekarar 2010. Kudaden shiga daga fitowar farko ta wasan kwaikwayo, bidiyon dillalai, da tallace-tallacen waƙoƙi da kuma haƙƙin watsa shirye-shiryen Amurka sun wuce dala biliyan 3.2.  Sake fitar da fina-finai ya sa jimillar fina-finan duniya baki daya ta kai dala $2.264&amp;nbsp;biliyan, wanda hakan ya sanya ''Titanic'' ya zama fim na biyu da ya tara sama da dala $2&amp;nbsp;biliyan biliyan a duk duniya bayan ''Avatar'' ; har zuwa shekarar 2026, shine fim na biyar mafi samun kuɗi . A shekarar 2017, [[Dakin Karatu na Congres|Laburaren Majalisa]] sun zaɓe shi don adana shi a cikin Rijistar Fina-finai ta Ƙasa ta Amurka a matsayin &quot;mai mahimmanci a al'adu, tarihi, ko kuma a cikin kyau&quot;.

== Labari ==
A shekarar 1996, a cikin jirgin binciken ''Akademik Mstislav Keldysh'', mai farautar dukiya Brock Lovett da tawagarsa sun binciki tarkacen jirgin RMS &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwjg&quot;&gt;Titanic&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, suna fatan samun abin wuya da aka sani da Zuciyar Teku. Madadin haka, suna ɗaukar wani akwati da ke ɗauke da zanen wata matashiya sanye da sarƙar wuya. An rubuta wannan zane a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1912, ranar da ''jirgin Titanic'' ya bugi kankara ya nutse, wanda ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane kimanin 1,500. {{Efn|Although the ''Titanic'' hit the iceberg on April 14, it did not sink until the early hours of April 15.}} Bayan ganin wani rahoto a talabijin game da gano wannan abu, Rose Dawson Calvert, wacce ta shafe shekaru 100 tana magana da Lovett, ta bayyana cewa ita ce matar da ke cikin wannan hoton. Da fatan za ta iya taimaka wajen gano abin wuyan, Lovett ta kawo Rose da jikarta a cikin ''jirgin Keldysh'', inda Rose ta ba da labarin abin da ya faru da ita a ''Titanic.''

A shekarar 1912, Rose DeWitt Bukater, mai shekaru 17, ta hau jirgin ''Titanic'' a [[Southampton]] tare da attajirin saurayinta, Cal Hockley, da mahaifiyarta, Ruth. Rose ba ta jin daɗin auren da ba shi da ƙauna, amma Ruth ta jaddada cewa auren zai magance matsalolin kuɗinsu. Rose ta yi tunanin kashe kanta ta hanyar tsalle daga bayan jirgin, amma Jack Dawson, wani ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na makiyaya ya tsayar da shi. Jack da Rose sun ƙulla abota, kuma Jack ya furta yadda yake ji a gare ta. Duk da cewa da farko ta ƙi amincewa da hakan, Rose ta fahimci cewa ta kamu da son Jack, duk da rashin amincewar Cal da Ruth.

Rose ta kawo Jack ɗakinta ta roƙe shi ya zana mata tsirara, tana sanye da sarƙar wuya kawai. Bayan haka, sai suka guje wa mai kula da gidan Cal, Spicer Lovejoy, suka yi jima'i a cikin mota a cikin akwatin kaya. A kan bene na gaba, sun shaida karo da jirgin ruwan da wani dutsen kankara, sannan suka ji jami'an suna tattaunawa kan tsananin lamarin. Lokacin da Cal ya gano zanen Rose na Jack, sai ya sa Lovejoy ya dasa sarkar a kan Jack, inda ya yi masa ƙira da sata. An kama Jack aka kulle shi a ofishin shugaban 'yan sanda, kuma Cal ya saka sarkar wuyan.

Yayin da ''jirgin Titanic'' ke nitsewa, mata da yara ne ake fifita su a cikin kwale-kwalen ceto. Rose ta ceci Jack, sai suka koma kan benen jirgin, inda Cal ya roƙi Rose da ta hau jirgin ceton rai, yana mai cewa shi da Jack za su hau wani jirgin. Cal ya naɗe rigarsa ba tare da saninsa ba, yana ɗauke da sarƙar wuya, a kusa da ita. Yayin da ake sauke jirgin ruwan cetonta, Rose ta yi tsalle ta koma kan jirgin, ba tare da son barin Jack a baya ba. Cikin fushi, Cal ya ɗauki bindiga ya bi su ta cikin jirgin ruwan da ambaliyar ta shafa, amma ya karaya lokacin da suka tsere. Cal ya shiga jirgin ceton rai ta hanyar yin kamar shi ne uban yaro.

Yayin da baka mai ambaliya ya nutse, bayan jirgin ya tashi sama, Jack da Rose kuma suka manne da shingen. Jirgin ya rabu biyu, kuma bayan jirgin ya nutse cikin ruwan sanyi tare da sauran fasinjojin. Jack ya taimaka wa Rose ta sami tarkace a kan ruwa kuma ya yi mata alƙawarin rayuwa da kuma cikakken rayuwa. Jack ya mutu sakamakon rashin isasshen iskar oxygen, amma jirgin ruwan ceto ya ceto Rose kuma RMS ta ceto shi. Carpathia . Rose ta ɓuya daga Cal da mahaifiyarta kuma ta ba da sunanta Rose Dawson lokacin da ta isa birnin New York.

A halin yanzu, Rose ta bayyana cewa Cal ya kashe kansa bayan ya rasa dukiyarsa a faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta 1929 . Ta gaya wa ma'aikatan ''Keldysh'' cewa Jack ya cece ta ta kowace hanya, kuma tana kuka cewa abubuwan da ta tuna kawai su ne abin da ta bari a gare shi. Da labarinta ya taɓa ta, Lovett ya daina neman abin wuya. Ita kaɗai da daddare a bayan ''Keldysh'', Rose, wacce ta riƙe sarƙar a hannunta, ta jefar da ita cikin teku a saman jirgin ruwan. Daga baya, yayin da take kwance a kan gadonta, hotuna a kan akwatinta suna nuna rayuwar 'yanci da kasada da Jack ya yi wahayi zuwa gare ta.  A cikin jirgin ''Titanic'' mai tsabta, wata ƙaramar yarinya Rose ta sake haɗuwa da Jack a babban matattakalar jirgin, fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin da suka mutu a cikin nitsewar jirgin sun yi ta yi masa tafi.

== 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo ==

=== Jaruman almara ===
 

* [[Leonardo DiCaprio]] as Jack Dawson, an itinerant, poor orphan from Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, who has travelled the world, including Paris. He wins two third-class tickets for the ''Titanic'' in a poker game and travels with his friend Fabrizio. He is attracted to Rose at first sight. Her fiancé's invitation to dine with them the next evening enables Jack to mix with first-class passengers for a night. Cameron's original choice for the role was River Phoenix; however, he died in 1993.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ashton |first=Will |date=September 15, 2022 |title=12 Actors Who Could've Been Cast In Titanic |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2494354/actors-who-couldve-been-cast-in-titanic |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213152918/https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2494354/actors-who-couldve-been-cast-in-titanic |archive-date=December 13, 2022 |access-date=December 13, 2022 |website=CinemaBlend |publisher=[[Future plc]] |quote=James Cameron had originally considered River Phoenix for the role, but the young actor tragically passed away before he could be asked to play the leading man part.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Although Jack was a fictional character, in Fairview Cemetery in Halifax, Nova Scotia, where 121 ''Titanic'' victims are buried, there is a grave labeled &quot;J. Dawson&quot;. The producers did not know of the real J. Dawson until after the film was released.
* [[Kate Winslet]] as Rose DeWitt Bukater, a 17-year-old girl from [[Philadelphia]], who is [[Auren dole|forced into an engagement]] to billionaire Cal Hockley so she and her mother, Ruth, can maintain their high-class status after her father's death left the family debt-ridden. Rose boards ''Titanic'' with Cal and Ruth as a first-class passenger and meets Jack.
* Gloria Stuart as the modern-day Rose Dawson Calvert. Rose narrates the film in a framing device. The elderly Rose was partly inspired by the American artist Beatrice Wood.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McCormick |first=Colin |last2=Elvy |first2=Craig |last3=Barker |first3=Stephen |date=June 24, 2020 |title=Titanic: What Happened To The REAL Rose, Beatrice Wood |url=https://screenrant.com/titanic-rose-real-beatrice-wood-what-happened/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250815183243/https://screenrant.com/titanic-rose-real-beatrice-wood-what-happened/ |archive-date=August 15, 2025 |access-date=November 5, 2025 |website=[[Screen Rant]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Billy Zane as Caledon &quot;Cal&quot; Hockley, Rose's arrogant and snobbish 30-year-old fiancé, who is the heir to a Pittsburgh steel fortune. He is resentful of Rose's affection for Jack.
* Frances Fisher as Ruth DeWitt Bukater, Rose's widowed mother, who arranges Rose's engagement to Cal to maintain her family's high-society status. Like many aristocratic passengers portrayed in the film, her disposition is elitist and frivolous. She loves her daughter but believes that social position is more important than having a loving marriage. She strongly dislikes Jack, even though he saved her daughter's life.
* Bill Paxton as Brock Lovett, a treasure hunter looking for the Heart of the Ocean in the wreck of the ''Titanic'' in the present. Time and funding for his expedition are running out. He reflects at the conclusion that, despite thinking about ''Titanic'' for three years, he has never understood it until he hears Rose's story.
* [[Abokai masu lalata Cameron|Suzy Amis]] as Elizabeth &quot;Lizzy&quot; Calvert, Rose's granddaughter, who accompanies her when she visits Lovett on the ship and learns of her grandmother's romantic past with Jack Dawson.
* Danny Nucci as Fabrizio De Rossi, Jack's Italian best friend, who boards ''Titanic'' with him after Jack wins two tickets in a poker game. Fabrizio fails to board a lifeboat when the ''Titanic'' sinks and is killed when one of the ship's funnels breaks and crashes into the water, crushing him and several other passengers to death.&lt;ref name=&quot;Liebenson-2017&quot; /&gt;
* David Warner as Spicer Lovejoy, an ex-Pinkerton constable and Cal's English valet and bodyguard. He monitors Rose and is suspicious about the circumstances surrounding Jack rescuing her. He dies when the ''Titanic'' splits in half, causing him to fall into a massive opening. Warner also appeared in the 1979 TV miniseries ''S.O.S. Titanic'', portraying passenger Lawrence Beesley.
* Jason Barry as Tommy Ryan, an Irish third-class passenger who befriends Jack and Fabrizio. Tommy is killed when he is accidentally pushed forward and shot by a panicked First Officer Murdoch.&lt;ref name=&quot;Liebenson-2017&quot; /&gt;
* Alexandrea Owens-Sarno as Cora Cartmell, a young third-class girl who dances with Jack at the Irish party. In a deleted scene, Cora and her family drown after they are trapped at the locked third-class gate.
* Camilla Overbye Roos as Helga Dahl, a Norwegian immigrant and third-class passenger who falls in love with Fabrizio. While most of her scenes were cut and the secondary significance of her character was drastically reduced from the original screenplay to the final theatrical cut, Helga is most notably seen clinging onto the rail of the ship's stern with Jack and Rose before slipping into the frigid waters below.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nygaard |first=Kristian Dam |date=December 9, 2017 |title=Danske Camilla var med i Titanic: Sådan er hendes forhold til Leonardo DiCaprio i dag |url=https://www.bt.dk/film-og-tv/danske-camilla-var-med-i-titanic-saadan-er-hendes-forhold-til-leonardo-dicaprio |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103050820/https://www.bt.dk/film-og-tv/danske-camilla-var-med-i-titanic-saadan-er-hendes-forhold-til-leonardo-dicaprio |archive-date=January 3, 2018 |access-date=March 13, 2019 |website=B.T. |language=da}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nygaard |first=Kristian Dam |date=December 8, 2017 |title=Danske Camilla var med i 'Titanic': Så mange penge tjente hun |url=https://www.bt.dk/film-og-tv/danske-camilla-var-med-i-titanic-saa-mange-penge-tjente-hun |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720133933/https://www.bt.dk/film-og-tv/danske-camilla-var-med-i-titanic-saa-mange-penge-tjente-hun |archive-date=July 20, 2018 |access-date=March 13, 2019 |website=B.T. |language=da}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Amy Gaipa as Trudy Bolt, Rose's personal maid.&lt;ref name=&quot;Liebenson-2017&quot; /&gt;

=== Jaruman tarihi ===
Duk da cewa ba a yi nufin ya zama cikakken bayani game da abubuwan da suka faru ba, &lt;ref name=&quot;five&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Waites |first=Rosie |date=April 5, 2012 |title=Five Titanic myths spread by films |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-17515305 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201044643/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-17515305 |archive-date=December 1, 2020 |access-date=September 15, 2019 |website=BBC News}}&lt;/ref&gt; fim ɗin ya ƙunshi zane-zanen mutane daban-daban na tarihi:
[[File:Molly_brown_rescue_award_titanic.jpg|thumb| Margaret Brown (dama) ta gaske ta ba Kyaftin Arthur Henry Rostron kyautar yabo saboda hidimar da ya yi wajen ceto fasinjojin da suka tsira {{'}} ''Titanic.'']]

* Kathy Bates ta taka rawar Margaret &quot;Molly&quot; Brown . Wasu mata masu daraja, ciki har da Ruth, suna yi wa Brown kallon &quot;marasa kyau&quot; kuma &quot; sabbin kuɗi &quot;. Tana da fara'a ga Jack kuma tana ba shi kayan sawa na yamma (wanda aka saya wa ɗanta) lokacin da aka gayyace shi cin abincin dare a cikin gidan cin abinci mai daraja. Masana tarihi sun yi mata lakabi da Unsinkable Molly Brown saboda, tare da goyon bayan wasu mata, ta jagoranci jirgin ruwa mai suna Lifeboat 6 daga Quartermaster Robert Hichens .  An nuna wasu ɓangarorin wannan rikici a cikin fim ɗin Cameron.
* Victor Garber a matsayin Thomas Andrews, mai ginin jirgin. An kwatanta Andrews a matsayin mutum mai kirki, mai kirki wanda yake da tawali'u game da babban nasarar da ya samu. Bayan hatsarin, ya yi ƙoƙarin shawo kan sauran, musamman Ismay, cewa &quot;tabbacin lissafi ne&quot; cewa jirgin zai nutse. An nuna shi a lokacin nutsewar jirgin a matsayin wanda ke tsaye kusa da agogo a ɗakin shan taba na aji ɗaya, yana kuka game da gazawarsa na gina jirgin ruwa mai ƙarfi da aminci. Duk da cewa wannan ya zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun tatsuniyoyi game da nutsewar ''Titanic'', wannan labarin, wanda aka buga a cikin wani littafi na 1912 ( ''Thomas Andrews: Shipbuilder'' ) sannan kuma ya ci gaba, ya fito ne daga John Stewart, wani mai hidima a cikin jirgin wanda a zahiri ya bar jirgin a cikin jirgin ruwa mai lamba 15 da misalin ƙarfe 1:40 na yamma.&amp;nbsp;am  Akwai shaidun ganin Andrews bayan wannan lokacin. &lt;ref name=&quot;seaofglass&quot; /&gt; Da alama Andrews ya zauna a ɗakin shan taba na ɗan lokaci don tattara tunaninsa; sannan ya ci gaba da taimakawa wajen kwashe mutanen. &lt;ref name=&quot;seaofglass&quot; /&gt;

[[File:Olympic_Crew_1911.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| Ƙungiyar 'Yan Wasan ''Olympics'', 1911. Hagu: Jami'in Farko William M. Murdoch . Dama: Kyaftin Edward J. Smith .]]

* Bernard Hill a matsayin Kyaftin Edward John Smith .  Smith ya yi shirin yin ''Titanic'' a tafiyarsa ta ƙarshe kafin ya yi ritaya. Ya koma cikin ƙafafun da ke kan gadar yayin da jirgin ke nutsewa, yana mutuwa lokacin da tagogi suka fashe sakamakon matsin ruwa yayin da yake manne da ƙafafun jirgin. Akwai bayanai masu karo da juna game da ko ya mutu ta wannan hanyar ko kuma daga baya ya daskare har ya mutu a cikin ruwa kusa da jirgin ruwan ceto mai rugujewa B. 
* Jonathan Hyde a matsayin J. Bruce Ismay, daraktan gudanarwa na White Star Line, wanda ba shi da ilimi, kuma jahilci. Da yake akwai yiwuwar isowa birnin New York da wuri da kuma jin daɗin manema labarai, Ismay ya tilasta wa Kyaftin Smith ya yi sauri; duk da cewa wannan yanayi ya bayyana a cikin shahararrun hotuna na bala'in, amma babu wata shaida da ta goyi bayan hakan.   Bayan hatsarin, ya yi fama da fahimtar cewa jirginsa &quot;wanda ba zai nutse ba&quot; zai nutse. Daga baya Ismay ya hau jirgin Collapsible C (ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ceto na ƙarshe da suka bar jirgin) jim kaɗan kafin a sauke shi. 'Yan jarida da jama'a sun yi masa kallon matsoraci saboda ya tsira daga bala'in yayin da mata da yara da yawa suka nutse a cikin ruwa.
* Eric Braeden a matsayin John Jacob Astor na Huɗu, fasinja mai daraja ta farko kuma mutum mafi arziki a cikin jirgin. Rose ta gabatar da Jack ga Astor da matarsa 'yar shekara 18, Madeleine ( Charlotte Chatton ), a cikin gidan cin abinci mai daraja. A lokacin gabatarwar, Astor ya tambaya ko Jack yana da alaƙa da &quot;Boston Dawsons&quot;, tambayar da Jack ya juya ta hanyar cewa maimakon haka yana da alaƙa da Chippewa Falls Dawsons. An ga Astor a ƙarshe yayin da kumbon gilashi da ke kan babban matattakalar ya yi karo da ruwa kuma ya shiga.
* Bernard Fox a matsayin Kanar Archibald Gracie na IV . Fim ɗin ya nuna Gracie tana yin tsokaci ga Cal cewa &quot;mata da injina ba sa haɗuwa&quot; kuma tana taya Jack murna don ceton Rose daga faɗuwa daga jirgin, ba tare da sanin cewa Jack ya ceci Rose daga yunƙurin kashe kansa ba . Daga baya an gan shi yana miƙa kansa don ya jagoranci Jack da Rose zuwa ga sauran kwale-kwalen ceto a lokacin nitsewar. Fox ya fito a fim ɗin Frederick Fleet a shekarar 1958 mai suna ''A Night to Remember'' .
* Michael Ensign a matsayin Benjamin Guggenheim, wani hamshakin mai hakar ma'adinai da ke tafiya a matsayin mai daraja ta farko. Ya nuna wa abokan tafiyarsa 'yar Faransa, Madame Aubert (Fannie Brett), yayin da matarsa da 'ya'yansa mata uku ke jiran sa a gida. Lokacin da Jack ya haɗu da fasinjojin farko don cin abincin dare bayan ya ceci Rose, Guggenheim ya kira shi &quot; bohemian &quot;. An ga Guggenheim a cikin babban matattakalar ruwa a lokacin da jirgin ke nutsewa, yana mai cewa a shirye yake ya sauka a matsayin mutumin kirki.

[[File:Wallace_Henry_Harvey.jpg|thumb|220x220px| Wallace Hartley, shugaban ƙungiyar mawaƙa {{'}} ''Titanic'' kuma mai goge]]

* Jonathan Evans-Jones as Wallace Hartley, the ship's bandmaster and violinist, who plays uplifting music with his colleagues on the boat deck as the ship sinks. As the final plunge begins, he leads the band in a final performance of &quot;Nearer, My God, to Thee&quot;, to the tune of &quot;Bethany&quot;, and dies in the sinking.
* Mark Lindsay Chapman as Chief Officer Henry Wilde, the ship's chief officer, who lets Cal board a lifeboat because he has a child in his arms. Before he dies, he tries to get boats to return to the sinking site to rescue passengers by blowing his whistle. After he freezes to death, Rose uses his whistle to attract the attention of Fifth Officer Lowe, leading to her rescue.
* Ewan Stewart as First Officer William Murdoch,&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; the officer in charge of the bridge when the ''Titanic'' struck an iceberg. During a rush for the lifeboats, Murdoch shoots Tommy Ryan, as well as another passenger, in a momentary panic, and then commits suicide by shooting himself in the head. When Murdoch's nephew Scott saw the film, he objected to his uncle's portrayal, seeing it as damaging to Murdoch's heroic reputation. A few months later, Fox vice president Scott Neeson went to Dalbeattie, Scotland, where Murdoch lived, to deliver a personal apology, and also presented a £5000 donation to Dalbeattie High School to boost the school's William Murdoch Memorial Prize. Cameron apologized on the DVD commentary, but stated that there were officers who fired gunshots to enforce the &quot;women and children first&quot; policy. According to Cameron, his depiction of Murdoch is that of an &quot;honorable man&quot;, not of a man &quot;gone bad&quot; or of a &quot;cowardly murderer&quot;. He added, &quot;I'm not sure you'd find that same sense of responsibility and total devotion to duty today. This guy had half of his lifeboats launched before his counterpart on the port side had even launched one. That says something about character and heroism.&quot;
* Jonathan Phillips as Second Officer Charles Lightoller.&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; Lightoller took charge of the port side evacuation. In the film, Lightoller informs Captain Smith that it will be difficult to see icebergs without breaking water and, after the collision, suggests that the crew begin boarding women and children in the lifeboats. He is seen brandishing a gun and threatening to use it to keep order. He can be seen on top of Collapsible B when the first funnel collapses. Lightoller was the most senior officer to survive the disaster.
* Film producer Kevin De La Noy as Third Officer Herbert Pitman,&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; who survived the sinking and manned Lifeboat 5.
* Simon Crane as Fourth Officer Joseph Boxhall,&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; the officer in charge of firing flares and manning Lifeboat 2 during the sinking. He is shown on the bridge wings helping the seamen firing the flares.
* Ioan Gruffudd as Fifth Officer Harold Lowe,&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; the only officer to lead a lifeboat to retrieve survivors of the sinking from the icy waters. The film depicts Lowe rescuing Rose.
* Edward Fletcher as Sixth Officer James Moody,&lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh&amp;Kirland1998p66&quot; /&gt; the only junior officer to have died in the sinking. The film depicts Moody admitting Jack and Fabrizio onto the ship only moments before it departs from Southampton. Moody is later shown following Murdoch's orders to put the ship to full speed ahead, and informs Murdoch about the iceberg. He is last seen clinging to one of the davits on the starboard side after having unsuccessfully attempted to launch collapsible A.
* James Lancaster as Father Thomas Byles, a second-class passenger and a Catholic priest from England. He is portrayed praying and consoling passengers during the ship's final moments.
* Lew Palter and Elsa Raven as Isidor and Ida Straus. Isidor is a former owner of R.H. Macy and Company, a former congressman from New York, and a member of the New York and New Jersey Bridge Commission. During the sinking, the couple were offered seats on a lifeboat together. Isidor refused to go before all women and children had been evacuated, and urged his wife Ida to go ahead. Ida is portrayed refusing to board the lifeboat, saying that she will honor her wedding pledge by staying with Isidor. They are last seen lying on their bed, embracing each other as water fills their stateroom; the real Isidor and Ida Straus were also seen in an embrace, but were actually seated on chairs in the A Deck before being swept by waves as the ship made its final plunge.
* Martin Jarvis as Sir Cosmo Duff-Gordon, a Scottish baronet who is rescued in Emergency Boat No. 1. Boats 1 and 2 were emergency boats with a capacity of 40. Situated at the forward end of the boat deck, these were kept ready to launch in case of a person falling overboard. On the night of the disaster, Lifeboat 1 was the fourth to be launched, with 12 people aboard, including Duff-Gordon, his wife and her secretary. The baronet was much criticized for his conduct during the incident. It was suggested that he had boarded the emergency boat in violation of the &quot;women and children first&quot; policy, and that the boat had failed to return to rescue those struggling in the water. He offered five pounds to each of the lifeboat's crew, which those critical of his conduct viewed as a bribe. The Duff-Gordons at the time (and his wife's secretary in a letter written at the time and rediscovered in 2007) stated that there had been no women or children waiting to board in the vicinity of the launching of their boat; there is confirmation that lifeboat 1 of the ''Titanic'' was almost empty, and that First Officer Murdoch and Fifth Officer Lowe allowed Duff-Gordon and his wife and her secretary a place (simply to fill it) after they had asked if they could get on, alone with two other passengers. Duff-Gordon denied that his offer of money to the lifeboat crew represented a bribe. The British Board of Trade's inquiry into the disaster accepted Duff-Gordon's denial of bribing the crew, but maintained that, if the emergency boat had rowed towards the people who were in the water, it might very well have been able to rescue some of them.
* Rosalind Ayres as Lady Duff-Gordon, a world-famous fashion designer and Sir Cosmo's wife. She is rescued in Lifeboat 1 with her husband. They never lived down rumors that they had forbidden the lifeboat's crew to return to the wreck site in case they would be swamped.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Conduct of Sir Cosmo-Duff Gordon and Mr. Ismay |url=http://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq11LDuff-Gordon01.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421173137/http://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq11LDuff-Gordon01.php |archive-date=April 21, 2016 |access-date=January 2, 2006 |publisher=Titanic Inquiry Project}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jarvis and Ayres are husband and wife in real life.
* Rochelle Rose as Noël Leslie, Countess of Rothes. The Countess is shown to be friendly with Cal and the DeWitt Bukaters. Despite being of a higher status in society than Sir Cosmo and Lady Duff-Gordon, she is kind, and helps row the boat and even looks after the steerage passengers.
* Scott G. Anderson as Frederick Fleet, the lookout who saw the iceberg. Fleet escapes the sinking ship aboard Lifeboat 6.
* Paul Brightwell as Quartermaster Robert Hichens, one of the six quartermasters and at the ship's wheel at the time of collision. He is in charge of lifeboat 6. He refuses to go back and pick up survivors after the sinking.
* Martin East as Reginald Lee, the other lookout in the crow's nest. He survives the sinking.

[[File:Jack_George_Phillips.jpg|thumb|192x192px| Jack Phillips, babban mai samar da mara waya {{'}} ''Titanic'']]

* Gregory Cooke a matsayin Jack Phillips, babban jami'in sadarwa mara waya wanda Kyaftin Smith ya umarce shi da ya aika da sakon gaggawa bayan ya ji labarin kafuwar jirgin.
* Craig Kelly a matsayin Harold Bride, kamfanin sadarwa na biyu {{'}} ''Titanic'' mara waya.
* Liam Tuohy a matsayin Babban Baker Charles Joughin . Mai yin burodi ya bayyana yana taimaka wa Rose ta miƙe tsaye bayan ta faɗi, tana bin ta da Jack zuwa bayan jirgin, kuma a ƙarshe ta rataye kan shingen jirgin yayin da yake nutsewa, tana shan giyar brandy daga kwalba. A bisa ga shaidar Joughin ta gaske, ya hau jirgin ya sauka ya shiga cikin ruwa ba tare da ya jike gashin kansa ba. Ya kuma yarda cewa bai ji sanyi sosai ba, yana danganta hakan da barasa (kodayake barasa, a zahiri, tana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da rashin isasshen iskar oxygen). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=1999 |title=British Wreck Commissioner's Inquiry: Day 6 |url=http://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq06Joughin01.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921001504/http://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq06Joughin01.php |archive-date=September 21, 2017 |access-date=August 3, 2010 |publisher=Titanic Inquiry Project}}&lt;/ref&gt; A wani wuri da aka goge, an nuna shi yana jefa kujerun bene a cikin ruwa, kafin ya sha abin sha daga kwalbarsa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tyler |first=Adrienne |date=August 22, 2021 |title=Titanic Deleted Scenes Honor The Best True Stories Cut From The Movie |url=https://screenrant.com/titanic-movie-deleted-cut-scenes-true-stories/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307114920/https://screenrant.com/titanic-movie-deleted-cut-scenes-true-stories/ |archive-date=March 7, 2022 |access-date=March 7, 2022 |website=Screen Rant |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 9, 2014 |title=Titanic - Deleted Scene - Boat Six Won't Return [HD] |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiHCMp8C3KY&amp;t=114s |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307115929/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiHCMp8C3KY&amp;t=114s |archive-date=March 7, 2022 |access-date=March 7, 2022 |website=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Terry Forrestal a matsayin Babban Injiniya Joseph G. Bell : Bell da mutanensa sun yi aiki a duk lokacin da wutar ke nutsewa don kiyaye fitilun da wutar lantarki domin alamun damuwa su fita. Fim ɗin ya nuna Bell da dukkan injiniyoyin sun mutu a cikin jirgin ''Titanic'' ; duk da haka, akwai shaidu da ke nuna cewa an saki wasu injiniyoyin su hau kan bene lokacin da ambaliyar ta yi tsanani. Greaser Frederick Scott ya shaida cewa ya ga injiniyoyi takwas tsakanin misalin karfe 1:50 da 1:55&amp;nbsp;Ina tsaye a kan keken lantarki da ke kan jirgin ruwa na farko; a lokacin, duk jiragen ceton sun ɓace. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 10, 1912 |title=Day 6 - Testimony of Frederick Scott (Greaser, SS Titanic) |url=https://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq06Scott02.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106101508/https://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTInq06Scott02.php |archive-date=January 6, 2021 |access-date=April 9, 2020 |website=British Wreck Commissioner's Inquiry}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Derek Lea a matsayin Frederick Barrett : Barrett shine babban jirgin ruwa mai saukar ungulu a cikin ''Titanic'' ; ya ɗauki nauyin jirgin ruwa mai lamba 13 gaba ɗaya, wanda jirgin ruwa mai lamba 15 ya kusan nitsewa yayin da aka saukar da su a lokaci guda. {{Sfn|Lubin|1999}}

=== Kameos ===
Akwai ma'aikatan jirgin ''Akademik Mstislav Keldysh'' da dama da suka bayyana, ciki har da Anatoly Sagalevich, wanda ya ƙirƙiri kuma matukin jirgin ''Mir'' mai sarrafa kansa.  Van Ling ya nuna ainihin wanda ya tsira daga hatsarin jirgin ruwa na kasar Sin Fang Lang ; labarinsa ya zaburar da Cameron wajen shirya wani shirin fim mai suna ''The Six'', wanda ya dogara ne akan wasu 'yan kasar Sin da suka tsira daga hatsarin jirgin ruwa da ya nutse.  Anders Falk, wanda ya ɗauki fim ɗin shirin gaskiya game da shirye-shiryen fim ɗin ga ƙungiyar tarihi &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwAi8&quot;&gt;ta Titanic&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ya yi fim mai ban mamaki a matsayin ɗan ƙasar Sweden wanda Jack Dawson ya haɗu da shi lokacin da ya shiga gidansa; Edward Kamuda da Karen Kamuda, shugaba kuma mataimakin shugaban ƙungiyar a lokacin, waɗanda suka yi aiki a matsayin masu ba da shawara kan fina-finai, an yi musu ƙarin bayani.  

== Samarwa ==

=== Kafin samarwa ===
[[File:JAMES_CAMERON_2000.jpg|thumb| Darakta, marubuci kuma furodusa James Cameron ( ''wanda aka ɗauki hotonsa a shekarar 2000'' )]]
{{Quote box|The story could not have been written better had it been fiction{{nbsp}}...The juxtaposition of rich and poor, the [[gender roles]] played out unto death ([[Women and children first|women first]]), the stoicism and nobility of a bygone age, the magnificence of the great ship matched in scale only by the folly of the men who drove her hell-bent through the darkness. And above all the lesson: that life is uncertain, the future unknowable{{nbsp}}... the unthinkable possible.|3=—James Cameron&lt;ref name=&quot;foreword&quot;&gt;Marsh and Kirkland, pp. v–xiii&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/read-an-excerpt-from-james-camerons-titanic|title=Read an excerpt from James Cameron's -- 'Titanic'|website=[[Fox News]]|access-date=May 7, 2015|archive-date=February 19, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230219023621/https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/read-an-excerpt-from-james-camerons-titanic|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|salign=|width=250px|align=right}}Cameron ya daɗe yana sha'awar jiragen ruwa na ƙera jiragen ruwa kuma ya ji ''Titanic'' a matsayin &quot; [[Tsaunin Everest|Dutsen Everest]] na jiragen ruwa na ƙera jiragen ruwa&quot;.    Ya kusa wuce lokacin rayuwarsa lokacin da ya ji zai iya yin la'akari da balaguron ƙasa, amma ya kasa yin nazarin rayuwar da ya juya daga lokacin da ya sauya daga kimiyya zuwa fasaha a kwaleji. Bayan an yi wani fim na IMAX, ''Titanica'' (1992), daga hotunan jirgin ''Titanic'', Cameron ya nemi tallafin kuɗi daga Hollywood don tafiyarsa. Ya ce sha'awar ganin jirgin ruwan da ya kife ya fi motsa shi fiye da yin fim. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.playboy.com&quot; /&gt;

Cameron ya rubuta rubutun fim ɗin ''Titanic'',  ya haɗu da shugabannin Fox na ƙarni na 20, ciki har da Peter Chernin, kuma ya sanya shi a matsayin &quot; ''Romeo da Juliet'' a kan ''Titanic'' &quot;.   Cameron ya ce shugabannin jami'o'in ba su gamsu da damar kasuwanci ba, kuma maimakon haka sun yi fatan ganin an yi wasannin kwaikwayo irin na fina-finansa na baya. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|url-status=1–7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sun amince da aikin kamar yadda suke fatan samun dangantaka mai tsawo da Cameron. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=James Cameron's Titanic |url=http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/teachable_moments/deconstructing_titanic_6.cfm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609180647/http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/teachable_moments/deconstructing_titanic_6.cfm |archive-date=June 9, 2011 |access-date=January 24, 2010 |publisher=[[Media Awareness Network]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Schultz |first=Rick |title=James Cameron tells the astonishing story of Titanic, his breathtaking labor of love |url=http://www.industrycentral.net/director_interviews/JC01.HTM |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100206150228/http://www.industrycentral.net/director_interviews/JC01.HTM |archive-date=February 6, 2010 |access-date=January 23, 2010 |publisher=industrycentral.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cameron ya shawo kan Fox ya tallata fim ɗin bisa ga tallan da aka yi masa ta hanyar harba jirgin ''Titanic'',  kuma ya shirya nutsewa da dama a cikin shekaru biyu.  Ya kuma shawo kan Fox cewa harbin ainihin jirgin, maimakon kwaikwayonsa da tasirin musamman, zai samar da daraja: &quot;Za mu iya yin [hotunan] da samfura masu kyau da hotunan sarrafa motsi da CG da duk waɗannan, wanda zai kashe adadin kuɗi X - ko kuma za mu iya kashe X da kashi 30 cikin ɗari mu je mu harbi ainihin jirgin.&quot; 

=== Hotunan ƙarƙashin teku ===
Ma'aikatan jirgin sun harbi jirgin da ke Tekun Atlantika sau 12 a shekarar 1995. Aikin yana da haɗari, domin matsin lamba na ruwa zai iya kashe ma'aikatan jirgin idan akwai ƙaramin lahani a cikin tsarin da ke nutsewa. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Bugu da ƙari, mummunan yanayi ya hana Cameron samun bidiyo. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; A wani nutsewa, ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa masu nutsewa ta yi karo da jirgin ''Titanic'', {{'}} ta lalata dukkan jiragen biyu, ta kuma bar tarkacen murfin propeller ɗin a warwatse a saman ginin. Kan bango na waje na gidan kyaftin ya ruguje, inda ya fallasa cikin gidan, kuma yankin da ke kusa da ƙofar shiga babban matattakalar ya lalace. 

Sauka zuwa wurin ya jaddada wa ma'aikatan jirgin cewa bala'in ''Titanic'' ba kawai labari ne na almara ba, amma wani lamari ne na gaske wanda ya haifar da asarar rayuka. Cameron ya ce: &quot;Yayin da kake aiki a kusa da jirgin na tsawon lokaci, za ka ji irin baƙin cikin da rashin adalci da ke tattare da shi, da kuma saƙon da ke tattare da shi.&quot; Ya ji &quot;babban nauyi&quot; na isar da saƙon motsin rai na labarin, domin ya san cewa ba za a taɓa samun wani mai shirya fina-finai da zai ziyarci wurin da hatsarin ya faru ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt;

=== Rubutu ===
Bayan ɗaukar hotunan da aka ɗauka a ƙarƙashin ruwa, Cameron ya fara rubuta rubutun.  Yana son girmama mutanen da suka mutu, kuma ya shafe watanni shida yana bincike kan ma'aikatan {{'}} ''Titanic'' da fasinjoji.  Ya ƙirƙiri cikakken jadawalin abubuwan da suka faru a tafiyar da kuma nutsewar jirgin kuma ya sa masana tarihi suka tabbatar da hakan.  Tun daga farkon ɗaukar hoton, ƙungiyar ta sami &quot;hoton da ke bayyana&quot; abin da ya faru a cikin jirgin. Cameron ya ce, &quot;Wannan ya sa wannan ya zama mafi girma ta wata hanya - ya ɗaukaka fim ɗin a wata ma'ana. Muna son wannan ya zama cikakken hangen nesa na wannan lokacin a tarihi kamar dai kun koma cikin injin lokaci kuma kun ɗauki shi.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.eyeforfilm.co.uk&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya samu karbuwa daga fim din ''A Night to Remember'', fim din Birtaniya na shekarar 1958 game da ''Titanic'' wanda ya gani tun yana matashi. Ya kwafi wasu tattaunawa da abubuwan da suka faru cikin sauƙi, ciki har da ƙungiyar fasinjoji masu rai a cikin sitiyari, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Cramer |first=Steve |date=2017 |title=Neoliberal and Social Democratic Versions of History, Class and Ideology in James Cameron's ''Titanic'' and Roy Baker's ''A Night to Remember'' |url=https://openjournals.library.sydney.edu.au/SSE/article/view/12639 |url-status=live |journal=Sydney Studies in English |publisher=Sydney Studies |volume=43 |page=117 |s2cid=165242268 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629005133/https://openjournals.library.sydney.edu.au/SSE/article/view/12639 |archive-date=June 29, 2023 |access-date=June 29, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; da mawaƙa suna wasa a kan bene yayin da jirgin ke nutsewa. &lt;ref name=&quot;five&quot; /&gt;

Cameron ya ji cewa nitsewar ''Titanic'' &quot;kamar wani babban labari ne da ya faru da gaske&quot;, amma kuma abin da ya faru ya zama kawai labarin ɗabi'a ; fim ɗin zai bai wa masu kallo ƙwarewar rayuwa ta tarihi.  Brock Lovett, mai farautar dukiya, ya wakilci waɗanda ba su taɓa alaƙa da yanayin ɗan adam na bala'in ba.  Ya yi imani cewa soyayyar Jack da Rose za ta zama abin da ya fi jan hankali: idan aka lalata soyayyarsu a ƙarshe, masu kallo za su yi makokin rashin.  Ya ce: &quot;Duk fina-finana labaran soyayya ne, amma a ''Titanic'' na sami daidaito. Ba fim ɗin bala'i ba ne. Labarin soyayya ne mai cike da tarihi na gaske.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya ƙirƙiri halin Rose na zamani, wanda ya tsira daga ''Titanic'', don &quot;ganin halin yanzu da na baya&quot; kuma &quot;ya haɗa mu ta hanyar tarihi&quot;.  Ya tsara soyayyar da tsohuwar Rose don ta sa shekarun da suka gabata su zama abin mamaki da ban tausayi.  Duk da cewa Winslet da Stuart sun yi imanin cewa Rose ta mutu a ƙarshe,   Cameron ya ce, &quot;Amsar dole ne ta kasance wani abu da kuke bayarwa da kanku, kowanne mutum ɗaya.&quot; 

=== Tsarin ƙira a sikelin ===
[[File:TitanicBaja.jpg|alt=A ship resembling the Titanic is being built at a port with clear skies and small waves.|thumb| Sake gina ''Titanic'' . An samar da zane-zanen jirgin ne ta hannun mai ginin jirgin na asali kuma Cameron ya yi ƙoƙarin yin jirgin daidai gwargwado.  &lt;ref name=&quot;ewadmin&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=ewadmin |date=August 13, 2014 |title=TITANIC, the Model |url=https://www.epoxyworks.com/index.php/titanic-the-model/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724131201/https://www.epoxyworks.com/index.php/titanic-the-model/ |archive-date=July 24, 2022 |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Epoxyworks |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Harland &amp;amp;amp; Wolff, masu ' ''Titanic'', sun buɗe wa ma'aikatan tarihinsu na sirri, suna raba zane-zanen da aka yi zaton sun ɓace a baya.  Fox ya mallaki {{Convert|40|acres}} na bakin teku a kudancin Playas de Rosarito a Mexico kuma ya fara gina sabon ɗakin studio a ranar 31 ga Mayu, 1996. Tankin sararin samaniya mai {{Convert|17|e6usgal|e6l}}an gina  don wajen jirgin da aka sake ginawa, wanda ke samar da yanayin kallon teku mai digiri 270. An gina jirgin zuwa cikakken girma, amma Lamont ya cire sassan da ba a cika ba a kan babban ginin da kuma bene na rijiyar gaba don jirgin ya dace da tankin, sauran sassan kuma an cika su da samfuran dijital. Kwale-kwalen ceto da magudanar ruwa sun ragu da kashi goma cikin ɗari. Tekun jirgin ruwa da kuma A-deck suna aiki, amma sauran jirgin an yi masa fenti da ƙarfe. A cikinsa akwai wani {{Convert|50|ft|m}} dandamalin ɗagawa don jirgin ya karkata yayin jerin nutsewa. Tsawon {{Convert|60|ft|m}} Tsarin sashin baya na sashin baya na 1/8 ne mai ginin jirgin ruwa Jay Kantola ya tsara shi ta amfani da tsare-tsaren jirgin ruwan ' yar'uwar ''Titanic'' RMS Gasar Olympics . &lt;ref name=&quot;ewadmin&quot; /&gt; Sama da samfurin akwai wani {{Convert|162|ft|m|-tall}} crane mai tsayin {{Convert|600|ft|m}} na layin dogo, wanda ke aiki a matsayin haɗin ginin gini, haske, da dandamalin kyamara. 

Masu tsara kayayyaki sun sake gina ɗakunan ciki na ''Titanic'' bisa ga zane-zane na gaske da hotunan zamani. Babban Matakalar Tsakiya, wani wuri mai mahimmanci, an gina ta ne bisa ga babban aikin fasaha; duk da haka, an ƙarfafa ta da tsarin ƙarfe kuma an ƙara girmanta da kashi 30% fiye da na asali don haɓaka kyawun gani da kuma sauƙaƙe ɗaukar hoto. Masu sana'a daga Mexico da Birtaniya sun sassaka kayan ado na bango da kuma fenti bisa ga ƙirar ''Titanic'' ' asali.  {{Rp|21}}Kafet, kayan daki, kayan daki, kayan haske, kujeru, kayan yanka da kayan kawa da aka yi wa ado da farin White Star Line a kowane yanki suna cikin abubuwan da aka sake ƙirƙira bisa ga ƙirar asali. &lt;ref name=&quot;Marsh1997&quot; /&gt; {{Rp|35}}Dangane da cikin jirgin, ƙungiyar mai tsara kayayyaki ta Peter Lamont ta nemi kayan tarihi na wannan lokacin. Sabon jirgin yana nufin dole ne a yi kowane kayan aiki daga farko.  Cameron ya yi hayar masana tarihi guda biyu ''na Titanic'', Don Lynch da Ken Marschall, don tabbatar da cikakkun bayanai na tarihi. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt;

=== Jerin 'yan wasa ===
Cameron ya ce yana buƙatar 'yan wasan su ji kamar suna cikin ''Titanic'', su sake farfaɗo da yanayinsa, sannan su &quot;dauki wannan kuzarin su ba wa Jack ... wani mai fasaha wanda zai iya sa zuciyarsa ta yi rawa&quot;.  An yi la'akari da fitattun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, ciki har da Chris O'Donnell da Stephen Dorff, amma Cameron ya ji sun tsufa sosai ga ɗan shekara 20. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; [[Tom Cruise]] yana da sha'awa, amma farashin da yake nema ya yi tsada sosai. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya yi la'akari da Jared Leto, amma ya ƙi yin gwaji. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Setoodeh |first=Ramin |date=April 4, 2012 |title=Leonardo DiCaprio or Kate Winslet: Which 'Titanic' Star Has the Better Career? |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/04/04/leonardo-dicaprio-or-kate-winslet-which-titanic-star-has-the-better-career.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107011441/http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/04/04/leonardo-dicaprio-or-kate-winslet-which-titanic-star-has-the-better-career.html |archive-date=November 7, 2016 |access-date=April 23, 2012 |website=[[The Daily Beast]] |publisher=[[The Newsweek Daily Beast Company]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Billy Crudup yana cikin jerin 'yan takarar da aka zaɓa kuma an nemi ya yi gwaji, amma ya ƙi amincewa saboda ba shi da sha'awa kuma ya zaɓi ya fito a cikin fim ɗin ''Without Limits'' (1998). A shekarar 2000, Crudup ya ce fim ɗin ba zai yi nasara ba idan da ya fito a ciki. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Shaw |first=William |date=February 3, 2002 |title=Still the next big thing |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2002/feb/03/features.magazine |access-date=June 10, 2026 |via=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kennedy |first=Mark |title=Actor Crudup specializes in dark roles Almost 'Titanic' superstar, he's in no hurry for hype |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/2000/07/16/actor-crudup-specializes-in-dark-roles-almost-titanic-superstar-hes-in-no-hurry-for-hype/62190092007/ |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=The Oklahoman}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jeremy Sisto ya ɗauki jerin gwaje-gwajen allo tare da Winslet da wasu 'yan wasan kwaikwayo uku suna fafatawa don rawar Rose.  Mark Wahlberg ya gana da Cameron don tattauna batun amma Cameron bai nuna sha'awa ba.  Matthew McConaughey, &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=What I'm Hearing: Ellison-Warners Buzz, Paramount-Yaccarino Flirtation, 'Heat 2' Crunch &amp; Aniston's Apple Issue |url=https://puck.news/newsletter_content/what-im-hearing-ellison-warners-buzz-paramount-yaccarino-flirtation-heat-2-crunch-anistons-apple-issue/ |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=Puck.news}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ethan Hawke, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Frank |first=Alex |date=September 1, 2025 |title=How Ethan Hawke found the sweet spot |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/ethan-hawke-interview-2025 |access-date=November 4, 2025 |website=British GQ |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Christian Bale]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stephenson |first=Cassidy |date=May 21, 2022 |title=Why Christian Bale Declared Leonardo DiCaprio His Nemesis |url=https://www.cbr.com/christian-bale-leonardo-dicaprio-movie-nemesis-explained/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230428040411/https://www.cbr.com/christian-bale-leonardo-dicaprio-movie-nemesis-explained/ |archive-date=April 28, 2023 |access-date=November 4, 2025 |website=CBR |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Paul Rudd suma sun yi gwajin gwaji. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Conner Schwerdtfeger |date=March 17, 2016 |title=Why Paul Rudd Wanted The Lead Role In Titanic So Badly |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/new/Why-Paul-Rudd-Wanted-Lead-Role-Titanic-So-Badly-119157.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250930181838/https://www.cinemablend.com/new/Why-Paul-Rudd-Wanted-Lead-Role-Titanic-So-Badly-119157.html |archive-date=September 30, 2025 |access-date=November 4, 2025 |website=Cinemablend |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; An yi watsi da McConaughey saboda ya ƙi canza wasansa na Kudu . &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot; /&gt;

Daraktan shirya fina-finai, Mali Finn, ya jawo hankalin Cameron ga Leonardo DiCaprio, wanda a lokacin yana da shekaru 21. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; Da farko, DiCaprio bai so rawar ba kuma ya ƙi karanta yanayin soyayyarsa na farko. Cameron ya ce, &quot;Ya karanta shi sau ɗaya, sannan ya fara yin wasa da shi, kuma ban taɓa sa shi ya sake mai da hankali a kai ba. Amma na ɗan lokaci kaɗan, wani haske ya sauko daga sama ya haskaka dajin.&quot; Cameron ya yi imani da iyawar DiCaprio kuma ya ce masa, &quot;Duba, ba zan sa wannan mutumin ya yi tunani da tunani ba. Ba zan yi masa wani abu da zai sa shi ya yi kasala da duk abin da kake so ba.&quot; Cameron ya yi hasashen halin kamar wanda James Stewart ko Gregory Peck suka taka. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt;  Bayan ta gwada DiCaprio a talabijin, Winslet ta yi matukar mamaki, sai ta yi wa Cameron rada, &quot;Yana da kyau. Ko da ba ka zaɓe ni ba, ka zaɓe shi.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; DiCaprio ya ƙi amincewa da rawar da ya taka a fim ɗin ''Boogie Nights'' (1997) don ya fito a fim ''ɗin Titanic.'' A shekarar 2025, ya ce ya yi nadamar wannan shawarar, yana mai cewa ''Boogie Nights'' &quot;fim ne mai zurfi na tsararrakina&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sharf |first=Zack |date=August 14, 2025 |title=Leonardo DiCaprio Says 'My Biggest Regret' Is Turning Down 'Boogie Nights' Offer 30 Years Ago |url=https://variety.com/2025/film/news/leonardo-dicaprio-regrets-boogie-nights-offer-1236488229/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250913175152/https://variety.com/2025/film/news/leonardo-dicaprio-regrets-boogie-nights-offer-1236488229/ |archive-date=September 13, 2025 |access-date=September 2, 2025 |website=Variety}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cameron ya bayyana Rose a matsayin &quot;irin Audrey Hepburn &quot;. Kamar yadda ya faru da DiCaprio, Finn ya jawo hankalin Cameron ga Winslet. An yi la'akari da [[Gwyneth Paltrow]], Winona Ryder, Claire Danes (waɗanda suka yi aiki tare da DiCaprio a cikin ''Romeo + Juliet'' a shekarar da ta gabata), Gabrielle Anwar, da Reese Witherspoon don wannan rawar. {{Efn|Attributed to multiple references:&lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;www.forbes.com&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=February 25, 2009 |title=Star Misses. Nicole Kidman in &quot;The Reader&quot;? Gwyneth Paltrow aboard &quot;Titanic&quot;? How some of the biggest names in Hollywood lost out on some of its biggest roles. |url=https://www.forbes.com/2009/02/25/nicole-kidman-gwyneth-paltrow-kate-winslet-business-media_star_misses.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104103436/http://www.forbes.com/2009/02/25/nicole-kidman-gwyneth-paltrow-kate-winslet-business-media_star_misses.html |archive-date=November 4, 2015 |access-date=January 22, 2010 |work=[[Forbes]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=June 22, 2012 |title='Titanic' Casting: What Other Stars Were Considered For James Cameron's Masterpiece? |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/22/titanic-casting-james-cameron-christian-bale_n_1619006.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313200613/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/22/titanic-casting-james-cameron-christian-bale_n_1619006.html |archive-date=March 13, 2016 |access-date=March 21, 2016 |work=[[Huffington Post]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;women.timesonline.co.uk&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Warrington |first=Ruby |date=November 29, 2009 |title=Claire Danes: the secretive starlet |url=http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/celebrity/article6929555.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615145756/http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/celebrity/article6929555.ece |archive-date=June 15, 2011 |access-date=January 22, 2010 |work=[[The Times]] |location=London}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Lokacin da suka ƙi amincewa da shi, inda Paltrow ya zaɓi ya fito a cikin ''Great Expectations'' (1998) kuma 'yan Denmark sun ji bai dace da ita ba, Winslet ta yi kamfen don wannan rawar. Ta aika wa Cameron takardun bayanai na yau da kullun daga Ingila, wanda hakan ya sa Cameron ya gayyace ta zuwa Hollywood don yin gwaji. Da farko bai da tabbas ko da bayan gwajin ta na allo ya burge shi. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=May 30, 1998 |title=SPOTLIGHT ON GWYNETH PALTROW SLEEK ACTRESS PERFECT FOR SOPHISTICATED ROLE IN HITCHCOCK UPDATE |url=https://www.mcall.com/1998/05/30/spotlight-on-gwyneth-paltrow-sleek-actress-perfect-for-sophisticated-role-in-hitchcock-update/ |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=Mcall.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 29, 2020 |title=Claire Danes Turned Down The Role Of Rose In 'Titanic' And Now She's Explained Why |url=https://www.elle.com/uk/life-and-culture/culture/a30698168/claire-danes-titanic-leonardo-dicaprio/ |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=Elle.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Winslet ya aika wa Cameron fure guda ɗaya mai kati mai suna &quot;From Your Rose&quot;, sannan ya yi masa rakiya ta waya. &quot;Ba ka fahimta ba!&quot; ta roƙi wata rana lokacin da ta same shi ta wayar hannu da wayan sa kirar Humvee . &quot;Ni ce Rose! Ban san dalilin da yasa kike ganin wani ba!&quot; Dagewarta da baiwarta daga ƙarshe sun shawo kansa ya yi mata fintinkau. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya ce Winslet &quot;tana da abin da kike nema&quot; kuma akwai &quot;wani hali a fuskarta, a idanunta&quot; wanda &quot;ya san mutane za su shirya su yi tafiya mai nisa da ita&quot;.  Winslet ya ce game da Rose: &quot;Tana da abubuwa da yawa da za ta bayar, kuma tana da zuciya mai buɗewa. Kuma tana son bincika da kuma yin kasada a duniya, amma tana [jin] hakan ba zai faru ba.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;Making of&quot; /&gt;

A lokacin da take da shekaru 87, dole ne a gyara Gloria Stuart don ta yi kama da tsohuwa saboda rawar da tsohuwar Rose ta taka. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya umurci Finn da ya &quot;nemo 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da suka yi ritaya daga Zamanin Zinare na shekarun 30 zuwa 40 &quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt; Cameron bai san ko wanene Stuart ba. An kuma yi la'akari da Fay Wray, amma Cameron ya ce, &quot;[Stuart] ta kasance mai son sa sosai, kuma mai haske, kuma tana da babban ruhi. Kuma na ga alaƙar da ke tsakanin ruhinta da ruhin [Winslet]. Na ga wannan ''farin ciki'' a cikin duka biyun, har na yi tunanin masu sauraro za su iya yin wannan tsalle-tsalle na fahimta cewa mutum ɗaya ne.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt;

Cameron ya yi la'akari da Michael Biehn a matsayinsa na Cal Hockley, wanda ya yi aiki tare da shi a baya a cikin shirin ''The Terminator, Aliens'', da ''The Abyss'',  kafin ya miƙa shi ga Matthew McConaughey. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Rob Lowe ya ce shi ma ya bi sahun.  Reba McEntire ta ƙi amincewa da matsayin Margaret Brown saboda ya saɓa wa jadawalin yawon shakatawarta. 

=== Yin fim ===
An fara ɗaukar manyan hotunan ne a ranar 31 ga Yuli, 1996, &lt;ref name=&quot;filmingdate&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Titanic (1997) - IMDb |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120338/locations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209003138/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120338/locations |archive-date=February 9, 2023 |access-date=November 6, 2022 |website=[[IMDb]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; a Dartmouth, Nova Scotia . An ɗauki hotunan balaguron zamani a cikin jirgin ''Akademik Mstislav Keldysh'' .  A watan Satumba, an mayar da kayan aikin zuwa sabon ginin Fox Baja Studios da ke Rosarito, Mexico, inda aka gina cikakken samfurin ''Titanic'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;heart&quot; /&gt; An gina benen bayan gida a kan wani abin ɗagawa wanda zai iya tashi daga sifili zuwa digiri 90 cikin ƴan daƙiƙa, daidai lokacin da bayan jirgin ya tashi yayin nutsewa.  Domin kare lafiyar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, an yi kayan tallafi da yawa da robar kumfa.  Zuwa ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, ana ɗaukar hotunan wuraren da aka ɗauki hoton jirgin. &lt;ref name=&quot;timelapse&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya gina ''jirgin Titanic'' ɗinsa a gefen tauraro yayin da wani bincike da aka yi kan bayanai game da yanayi ya nuna cewa iska ce da ta mamaye arewa daga kudu, wadda ta hura hayakin bututun bayan ta. Wannan ya haifar da matsala wajen harba bindigar jirgin sama lokacin da ya tashi daga [[Southampton]], yayin da yake tsayawa a gefen tashar jiragen ruwa . Dole ne a sauya aiwatar da umarnin da aka rubuta, da kuma kayan daki da kayan sawa; misali, idan wani ya yi tafiya zuwa dama a cikin rubutun, dole ne ya yi tafiya zuwa hagu yayin daukar hoto. A lokacin da aka kammala aikin fim ɗin, an juya shi zuwa ga hanyar da ta dace.  An ɗauki wani mai horar da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na cikakken lokaci don ya koyar da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo yadda ake ɗabi'un manyan mutane a shekarar 1912. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Duk da haka, masu suka da dama sun lura da rashin daidaituwar ra'ayi.  
[[File:Kate-winslet_titanic_movie_pencil-drawing.jpg|alt=A pencil-drawing sketch depicting a woman with a somewhat stern face lying on a chair and pillow naked, only wearing a diamond necklace. From the breast down the picture is cut off.|left|thumb| Zanen Cameron na Rose sanye da Zuciyar Teku. Wurin ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin hotunan farko, domin ba a shirya babban shirin ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt;]]
Cameron ya zana hoton Rose na Jack; Winslet ya yi hoton sanye da kayan wanka.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Huff |first=Lauren |date=February 9, 2023 |title=James Cameron is really the one sketching naked Rose in 'Titanic' |url=https://ew.com/movies/james-cameron-drew-rose-sketch-titanic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204145304/https://ew.com/movies/james-cameron-drew-rose-sketch-titanic/ |archive-date=February 4, 2024 |access-date=February 4, 2024 |website=EW.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cameron ya ji cewa lamarin yana da yanayin danniya da 'yanci: &quot;Ka san abin da yake nufi a gare ta, 'yancin da take ji dole ne ya kasance. Yana da ɗan daɗi saboda wannan dalili,&quot; in ji shi. &lt;ref name=&quot;The Telegraph-2011&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt; Wurin zane-zane shine wurin farko da DiCaprio da Winslet suka haɗu tare. Cameron ya ce: &quot;Ba ta kowace irin ƙira ba ce, kodayake ban iya tsara ta da kyau ba. Akwai tsoro da kuzari da kuma shakku a cikinsu. Sun yi atisaye tare, amma ba su yi komai tare ba. Da a ce ina da zaɓi, da na fi so in ƙara zurfafa cikin jikin harbin.&quot; Cameron ya ce shi da tawagarsa &quot;suna ƙoƙarin nemo abubuwan da za su ɗauka&quot; saboda manyan shirye-shiryen &quot;ba su shirya ba tsawon watanni, don haka muna ta fafutukar cike duk abin da za mu iya samu don ɗaukar fim.&quot; Cameron ya ji cewa yanayin ƙarshe ya yi aiki sosai. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt;

Hotunan wani abu ne mai wahala wanda &quot;ya ƙara wa Cameron suna mai ban tsoro a matsayin &quot;mutumin da ya fi kowa ban tsoro a Hollywood&quot;. Ya shahara a matsayin &quot;mai son kammalawa mai wahala&quot; da kuma &quot;mai kururuwa mai girman decibel 300,&quot; Kyaftin Bligh na zamani mai megaphone da walkie-talkie, yana saukowa a fuskokin mutane a kan 162&amp;nbsp;ft crane.&quot;  Winslet ta yi ƙashi a gwiwar hannunta yayin da take ɗaukar fim ɗin kuma tana cikin fargabar cewa za ta nutse a cikin tankin ruwa mai nauyin galan miliyan 17 (lita miliyan 64) wanda jirgin zai nutse a ciki. Ta ce wani lokacin tana jin tsoron fushin Cameron kuma yana yi wa ma'aikatan jirgin ihu cikin fushi. &lt;ref name=&quot;entertainment.timesonline.co.uk&quot; /&gt; Bill Paxton ya saba da ɗabi'ar Cameron a fannin aiki tun daga lokacin da ya fara aiki, kuma ya ce: &quot;Akwai mutane da yawa a wurin. Jim ba ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan mutanen da ke da lokacin da za su iya lashe zukata da tunani ba ne.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;entertainment.timesonline.co.uk&quot; /&gt; Ma'aikatan jirgin sun ji Cameron yana da mugun hali na daban kuma sun yi masa lakabi da &quot;Mij&quot; (Jim ya rubuta a baya). &lt;ref name=&quot;entertainment.timesonline.co.uk&quot; /&gt; Da yake mayar da martani ga sukar, Cameron ya ce, &quot;Yin fim yaƙi ne. Babban yaƙi tsakanin kasuwanci da kyau.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;entertainment.timesonline.co.uk&quot; /&gt; Ma'aikatan jirgin sama sama da 800 ne suka yi aiki a fim ɗin. 

A ranar 9 ga Agusta, 1996, a lokacin da ake harbin wani mutum da aka sani da ''Akademik Mstislav Keldysh'' a Kanada, wani mutum da ba a san ko waye ba, wanda ake zargin yana cikin ma'aikatan jirgin, ya saka maganin da ke raba jiki da Cameron da wasu mutane daban-daban suka ci a wani dare a Dartmouth, Nova Scotia . &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt;   Ya tura mutane sama da 50 zuwa asibiti. &lt;ref name=&quot;PCP&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;unsolvedmystery&quot; /&gt; Paxton da Cameron sun ci miyar suka tafi asibiti, duk da haka, Paxton ya yanke shawarar tafiya, yana gaya wa Cameron, &quot;Jim, ba zan je nan ba, wannan bedlam ne. Zan... koma wurin da ake yin wasan in sha giya kawai.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 17, 2015 |title=A case of beer? Bill Paxton reveals his remedy for 'Titanic's' PCP-laced chowder |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/gossip/la-et-mg-bill-paxton-pcp-laced-chowder-remedy-titanic-larry-king-20150617-htmlstory.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311051144/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/gossip/la-et-mg-bill-paxton-pcp-laced-chowder-remedy-titanic-larry-king-20150617-htmlstory.html |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Lewis Abernathy ya ce &quot;akwai mutane da ke yawo a kusa, ba sa cikinsa kwata-kwata. Wasu daga cikinsu sun ce suna ganin alamun cutar ƙwannafi da kuma masu tabin hankali.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; Cameron ya yi amai kafin maganin ya yi ƙarfi sosai. Abernathy ta yi mamakin yadda yake kallonta. &quot;Ido ɗaya ya yi ja gaba ɗaya, kamar idon Terminator . Ɗalibi, babu iris, ja beet. Ɗayan idon ya yi kama da yana shaƙar manne tun yana ɗan shekara huɗu.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt;  Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Nova Scotia ta tabbatar da cewa miyar ta ƙunshi PCP a ranar 27 ga Agusta, kuma Hukumar 'Yan Sanda ta Yankin Halifax ta sanar da gudanar da bincike kan laifuka washegari. An rufe binciken a watan Fabrairun 1999. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jacobs |first=Matthew |date=December 19, 2022 |title=25 Years Later, No One Knows Who Spiked the Titanic Chowder |url=https://www.vulture.com/2022/12/25-years-later-no-one-knows-who-spiked-the-titanic-chowder.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219210838/https://www.vulture.com/2022/12/25-years-later-no-one-knows-who-spiked-the-titanic-chowder.html |archive-date=December 19, 2022 |access-date=December 19, 2022 |website=Vulture |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt; Duk da cewa Cameron ya yi nuni da cewa wataƙila wani ma'aikacin jirgin da aka kora ne ya yi sanadiyyar gubar, amma ba a taɓa kama mutumin ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;unsolvedmystery&quot; /&gt;  

An yi niyyar jadawalin ɗaukar fim ɗin ya ɗauki tsawon kwanaki 138 amma ya kai 160 (an kammala ɗaukar fim ɗin a hukumance a ranar 23 ga Maris, 1997). &lt;ref name=&quot;filmingdate&quot; /&gt; Yawancin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo sun kamu da mura, mura, ko cututtukan koda bayan sun shafe sa'o'i suna cikin ruwan sanyi, ciki har da Winslet. Ta yanke shawarar ba za ta sake yin aiki da Cameron ba sai dai idan ta sami &quot;kuɗi mai yawa&quot;.  Wasu da dama sun bar shirin, kuma 'yan wasan kwaikwayo uku sun karya ƙashinsu, amma ƙungiyar 'Yan Wasan Kwaikwayo ta Screen Actors ta yanke shawara, bayan wani bincike, cewa babu wani abu da ke da haɗari game da shirin. &lt;ref name=&quot;return&quot; /&gt; DiCaprio ya ce babu wani amfani idan ya ji yana cikin haɗari yayin ɗaukar fim. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 11, 2008 |title=Leonardo DiCaprio Interviewed by Joe Leydon for &quot;Titanic&quot; |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZPnEEtvXTU |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427162610/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZPnEEtvXTU |archive-date=April 27, 2016 |access-date=August 3, 2010 |publisher=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt; Cameron ya yi imani da ɗabi'ar aiki mai ƙwazo kuma bai taɓa neman afuwa ba game da yadda yake gudanar da wasanninsa. Ya ce:
{{Blockquote|I'm demanding, and I'm demanding on my crew. In terms of being kind of militaresque, I think there's an element of that in dealing with thousands of extras and big logistics and keeping people safe. I think you have to have a fairly strict methodology in dealing with a large number of people.&lt;ref name=&quot;return&quot; /&gt;}}
Kudin daukar fim din ya kai dala $200&amp;nbsp;miliyan,    kusan $1&amp;nbsp;miliyan a kowace minti na lokacin allo.  Manyan shugabannin Fox sun firgita suka kuma ba da shawarar a rage tsawon sa'a guda daga fim ɗin na tsawon sa'o'i uku. Sun yi jayayya cewa tsawaita tsawon zai nufin ƙarancin nunawa, don haka ƙarancin kuɗin shiga, duk da cewa dogayen fina-finai sun fi samun damar lashe kyautar Oscars . Cameron ya ƙi, yana gaya wa Fox, &quot;Kana son yanke fim dina? Dole ne ka kore ni! Kana son korar ni? Dole ne ka kashe ni!&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; Shugabannin ba sa son sake farawa, domin hakan zai sa su rasa dukkan jarin da suka zuba. Da farko sun ƙi tayin Cameron na ya rasa rabonsa na ribar a matsayin wani abu mara amfani, domin sun yi hasashen cewa ribar ba za ta yiyu ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ew.com&quot; /&gt; Madadin haka, sun karɓi tayinsa na barin albashinsa na dala miliyan 8 da kuma rabonsa na ribar farko.  Cameron ya ce: &quot;A takaice dai, fim ɗin ya fi tsada fiye da ''T2'' da ''True Lies .'' Waɗannan fina-finan sun haura kashi bakwai ko takwas cikin ɗari daga kasafin kuɗin farko. ''Titanic'' ma tana da babban kasafin kuɗi a farko, amma ya haura fiye da haka. A matsayina na furodusa kuma darakta, ni ne ke ɗaukar alhakin studio ɗin da ke rubuta cekin, don haka na rage musu raɗaɗi. Na yi hakan a lokuta biyu daban-daban. Ba su tilasta mini in yi ba; sun yi farin ciki da na yi.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt; A watan Yulin 2024, Cameron ya ce [[Jon Landau|Jon Landau,]] wanda ya haɗu da furodusa, &quot;ya sha wahala sakamakon matsin lambar da aka samu a ɗakin studio&quot; lokacin da aka ƙera ''Titanic'' .  A cewar Cameron, Landau &quot;ya ba da dukkan ƙarfinsa don samar da lokaci da albarkatun da zan yi fim ɗin da na gani a cikin kaina&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;cameronspeaksonlandau&quot; /&gt;

Saboda damuwa game da hauhawar farashin fim ɗin, Fox ya so ya nemo wani ɗakin studio wanda zai ba shi kuɗi tare da kamfanin. Fox ya fara tuntubar Universal Pictures, domin sun karɓi haƙƙin rarrabawa na ƙasashen duniya ga Cameron's ''True Lies'' (1994) lokacin da farashin samarwa ya fara ƙaruwa; duk da haka, Universal za ta ƙi Fox. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=&lt;!-- not stated --&gt; |date=December 8, 1997 |title=Cinema: Trying to Stay Afloat |url=https://time.com/archive/6731946/cinema-trying-to-stay-afloat/ |access-date=April 11, 2026 |website=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Madadin haka, Fox da Paramount Pictures sun haɗu a watan Mayu na shekarar 1996 bayan nasarar da ɗakunan biyu suka samu wajen rarraba fim ɗin ''Braveheart'' na Mel Gibson (1995), kuma sun amince su haɗa kuɗi wajen rarraba fim ɗin tare da raba haƙƙin rarrabawa.  A ƙoƙarin dawo da jarin da suka zuba na dala miliyan 135, Fox ya sayar da haƙƙin cikin gida ga Paramount a madadin Paramount, yana ba Fox ƙarin dala miliyan 65 don samarwa, yayin da yake riƙe haƙƙin ƙasashen duniya; Fox ya ci gaba da ɗaukar alhakin duk wani ƙarin kuɗaɗen da aka kashe a kasafin kuɗi, amma za su riƙe duk ribar da aka samu daga kowace kaya a matsayin wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar da aka yi da Paramount. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Brew |first=Simon |date=April 15, 2020 |title=Titanic, and how Paramount Pictures got an incredible deal on the world's biggest film |url=https://filmstories.co.uk/features/titanic-and-how-paramount-pictures-got-an-incredible-deal-on-the-worlds-biggest-film/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620064606/https://filmstories.co.uk/features/titanic-and-how-paramount-pictures-got-an-incredible-deal-on-the-worlds-biggest-film/ |archive-date=June 20, 2024 |access-date=July 1, 2024 |website=Film Stories}}&lt;/ref&gt;  A tsakiyar nasarar da fim ɗin ya samu a harkar fina-finai, babban jami'in Fox, William Mechanic, ya ce: &quot;Jim Cameron ya gaya mana cewa za mu iya yin fim mai tsada ko fim mai tsada wanda zai iya zama mai kyau. Mun yanke hukunci. Kuma mun yi zaɓi mafi kyau.&quot; 

=== Bayan samarwa ===

==== Tasiri ====
Cameron yana son ya wuce iyakokin tasirin musamman, kuma ya yi rajistar Digital Domain da Pacific Data Images don ci gaba da ci gaban fasahar dijital da ya fara a ''The Abyss'' and ''Terminator 2: Judgment Day'' . Fina-finai da yawa da suka gabata game da ''Titanic'' sun ɗauki ruwa a hankali, waɗanda ba su yi kama da abin da ya gamsar ba.  Cameron ya ƙarfafa ma'aikatansa su harbi jirginsu {{Convert|45|ft|m|-long}} ƙaramin jirgin kamar &quot;muna yin talla don layin White Star&quot;.  Bayan haka, an ƙara ruwa da hayaƙi na dijital, haka kuma an ɗauki ƙarin bayanai a kan matakin ɗaukar motsi . Mai kula da tasirin gani Rob Legato ya duba fuskokin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da yawa, ciki har da kansa da 'ya'yansa, don ganin ƙarin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na dijital da masu wasan kwaikwayo. Akwai kuma wani {{Convert|65|ft|m|-long}} samfurin bayan jirgin wanda zai iya karyewa biyu akai-akai, ƙaramin abu ɗaya tilo da za a yi amfani da shi a cikin ruwa. &lt;ref name=&quot;unreality&quot; /&gt; Ga abubuwan da aka nuna a cikin injunan jirgin, an haɗa hotunan injunan SS &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span about=&quot;#mwt480&quot; class=&quot;nowrap&quot; data-cx=&quot;[{&amp;amp;quot;adapted&amp;amp;quot;:true,&amp;amp;quot;targetExists&amp;amp;quot;:true,&amp;amp;quot;mandatoryTargetParams&amp;amp;quot;:[],&amp;amp;quot;optionalTargetParams&amp;amp;quot;:[]}]&quot; data-mw=&quot;{&amp;amp;quot;parts&amp;amp;quot;:[{&amp;amp;quot;template&amp;amp;quot;:{&amp;amp;quot;target&amp;amp;quot;:{&amp;amp;quot;wt&amp;amp;quot;:&amp;amp;quot;'&amp;amp;quot;,&amp;amp;quot;href&amp;amp;quot;:&amp;amp;quot;./Samfuri:'&amp;amp;quot;},&amp;amp;quot;params&amp;amp;quot;:{},&amp;amp;quot;i&amp;amp;quot;:0}}]}&quot; data-ve-no-generated-contents=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;mwBSM&quot; style=&quot;padding-left:0.1em;&quot; typeof=&quot;mw:Transclusion&quot;&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwBSI&quot;&gt;O'Brien&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; da ƙananan firam ɗin tallafi, kuma an ɗauki hotunan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a kan allon kore .  Domin adana kuɗi, wurin shakatawa na aji na farko ƙaramin saiti ne da aka haɗa a cikin bangon kore a bayan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo.  An niƙa ƙaramin ɗakin shakatawar don kwaikwayon lalata ɗakin da kuma samfurin sikelin wata hanya mai daraja ta farko da ruwa ya mamaye yayin da kyamarar ke fita. 
[[File:Titanic_breaks_in_half.jpg|alt=The Titanic about to sink into the ocean, with the ship breaking into two parts and with smoke still coming out of the funnels.|left|thumb|300x300px| Ba kamar fina-finan da suka gabata ba, ''Titanic'' ya nuna jirgin yana karyewa biyu kafin ya nutse. Lamarin ya kasance labarin mafi yuwuwar sakamako.]]
{{Convert|5000000|usgal|L}} da aka haɗaAn yi amfani da tankin  don nutsewa cikin ciki, inda za a iya karkatar da dukkan saitin cikin ruwa. Don nutsar da Babban Matakala, {{Convert|90000|usgal|L}} na ruwa an zuba a cikin saitin yayin da aka saukar da shi cikin tanki. Ba zato ba tsammani, ruwan saman ya tsage matattakalar daga tushe mai ƙarfi na ƙarfe, duk da cewa babu wanda ya ji rauni. {{Convert|744|ft|m|-long}} an saukar da rabin farko na jirgin ruwan ''Titanic'' cikin tanki, amma a matsayinsa na ɓangaren da ya fi nauyi a cikin jirgin, ya yi aiki a matsayin abin shaƙar girgiza a kan ruwa; don shigar da akwatin cikin ruwa, Cameron ya sa aka zubar da yawancin akwatin kuma ya fasa wasu tagogi na fasinja da kansa. Bayan sun nutse cikin ɗakin cin abinci, an shafe kwana uku ana ɗaukar hoton ROV na Lovett a cikin jirgin da ya faɗi a cikin jirgin a halin yanzu.  An ɗauki hotunan abubuwan da suka faru a Tekun Atlantika mai sanyi a cikin {{Convert|350000|usgal|L}} tanki.  An ƙirƙiri gawarwakin da suka daskare ta hanyar shafa foda wanda ke yin lu'ulu'u lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga ruwa, kuma an shafa kakin zuma a kan gashi da tufafi. 

Wannan yanayi mai kyau, wanda ke nuna karyewar jirgin kai tsaye kafin ya nutse da kuma nutsewarsa zuwa ƙasan Tekun Atlantika, ya ƙunshi wani babban sitiyari mai karkata, ƙarin 'yan wasa 150, da kuma masu wasan kwaikwayo 100. Cameron ya soki fina-finan ''Titanic'' da suka gabata saboda nuna cewa jirgin ya nutse a cikin ruwa a matsayin wani abin zamiya mai kyau. &quot;Yana son ya kwatanta shi a matsayin abin da ya faru mai ban tsoro wanda ya faru da gaske&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Masu wasan kwaikwayo sun buƙaci su faɗi daga kan benen da ke ƙara karkata, suna faɗuwa da ɗaruruwan ƙafa a ƙasa kuma suna tsalle daga kan shingen da ke kan hanyarsu ta sauka. Wasu yunƙurin ɗaukar wannan shirin tare da jaruman fina-finai sun haifar da ƙananan raunuka, kuma Cameron ya dakatar da shirin fina-finan da suka fi haɗari. Daga ƙarshe an rage haɗarin &quot;ta hanyar amfani da mutanen da aka ƙirƙira ta kwamfuta don faɗuwar haɗari&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; An yi amfani da tsarin aiki mai tushen Linux don tasirin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Strauss |first=Daryll |date=February 1, 1998 |title=Linux Helps Bring Titanic to Life |url=https://www.linuxjournal.com/article/2494 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301001437/https://www.linuxjournal.com/article/2494 |archive-date=March 1, 2021 |website=[[Linux Journal]] |quote=Linux fulfilled the task very well. It handled every job we threw at it. During our testing phase, we used its ability to emulate Digital UNIX applications to benchmark standard applications and show that its performance would meet our needs. The flexibility of the existing devices and available source code gave Linux a definitive advantage.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Gyara ====
Cameron ya ce akwai wasu fannoni na labarin ''Titanic'' da suka yi kama da suna da mahimmanci a lokacin shirya fim ɗin kafin da kuma bayansa amma sun fara raguwa yayin da fim ɗin ya ci gaba. Ya cire jirgin ruwan SS &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwBV0&quot;&gt;Californian&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, wanda yake kusa da ''Titanic'' a daren da ta nutse amma ya kashe rediyonsa na daren, bai ji kiran SOS na ma'aikatan jirgin ba, kuma bai amsa kiran gaggawar da suka yi masa ba. An yanke wani yanayi da ya shafi ɗan ''Californian'', a cewar Cameron, &quot;saboda yana mai da hankali kan wannan duniyar. Idan ''Titanic'' tana da ƙarfi a matsayin misali, a matsayin ƙaramin yanayi, don ƙarshen duniya a wata ma'ana, to wannan duniyar dole ne ta kasance mai zaman kanta.&quot; Ya ce rashin yin hakan ba &quot;rashin jituwa ne ga harkar fina-finai ta yau da kullun ba&quot; amma &quot;game da jaddadawa, ƙirƙirar gaskiya mai ratsa zuciya ga fim ɗin&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.industrycentral.net&quot; /&gt;

A lokacin taron farko, Cameron ya canza ƙarshen. A cikin asalin, Brock da Lizzy sun ga tsohuwar Rose a bayan jirgin kuma suna tsoron cewa tana gab da kashe kanta. Rose ta bayyana cewa ta mallaki lu'u-lu'u na Zuciya na Tekun duk lokacin amma ba ta sayar da shi ba, don rayuwa da kanta ba tare da kuɗin Cal ba. Ta ba Brock damar riƙe shi amma ta gaya wa Brock cewa rayuwa ba ta da daraja kuma ta jefa lu'u-lu'u cikin teku. Bayan ya yarda da cewa dukiyar ba ta da amfani, Brock ya yi dariya da wautarsa. Cameron ta yanke shawarar cewa masu sauraro ba za su sake sha'awar Lovett ba kuma sun yanke wurin, don haka Rose ita kaɗai ce lokacin da ta sauke lu'u-lu'u. Har ila yau, bai so ya rushe baƙin ciki na masu sauraro ba bayan nutsewar ''Titanic''. Paxton ya yarda cewa yanayin da ya yi tare da Brock's epiphany da dariya ba dole ba ne, yana cewa: &quot;Da na harbe heroin don yin aikinmu da kyau ... An yi aikinmu a lokacin ... Idan kun kasance mai basira kuma kun dauki girman kai da narcissism daga ciki, za ku saurari fim din, kuma fim din zai gaya muku abin da yake bukata da abin da ba ya bukata. &quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lerner |first=Will |date=February 27, 2017 |title=Bill Paxton on the Alternate Ending of 'Titanic' That Audiences Didn't See in 1997 |url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/bill-paxton-on-the-alternate-ending-of-titanic-audiences-didnt-see-in-1997-150538039.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225134938/https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/bill-paxton-on-the-alternate-ending-of-titanic-audiences-didnt-see-in-1997-150538039.html |archive-date=December 25, 2020 |access-date=September 23, 2018 |publisher=Yahoo! Entertainment}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Spaces}}{{Spaces}}

Horner ya rubuta jigon ƙarshen fim ɗin, &quot; Zuciyata Za Ta Ci Gaba &quot;, a ɓoye tare da [[Will Jennings]], domin Cameron bai so a yi masa waƙa a fim ɗin ba.  [[Celine Dion|Céline Dion]] ta amince ta yi rikodin wani gwaji bayan rarrashin mijinta René Angélil . Horner ya jira har sai Cameron ya kasance cikin yanayi mai kyau kafin ya gabatar masa da waƙar. Bayan ya yi fim ɗin sau da yawa, Cameron ya bayyana amincewarsa, duk da cewa yana cikin damuwa cewa za a soki shi saboda &quot;yin talla a ƙarshen fim ɗin&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Parisi&quot; /&gt; Cameron kuma yana son ya kwantar da hankalin manyan shugabannin studio masu damuwa kuma &quot;ya ga cewa waƙar da ta shahara daga fim ɗinsa za ta iya zama wani abu mai kyau ne kawai wajen tabbatar da kammala ta&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Waƙar waƙar ita ce kundin waƙoƙin da aka fi sayarwa a shekarar 1998, inda aka sayar da ita sama da miliyan 27. 

== Saki ==

=== Wasan kwaikwayo ===
An raba rarraba ''Titanic'' tsakanin Paramount Pictures da Fox na ƙarni na 20; Paramount tana kula da rarrabawa a cikin gida, da Fox tana kula da fitarwa daga ƙasashen waje.  Duk kamfanonin biyu sun yi tsammanin Cameron zai kammala shi don fitar da shi a ranar 2 ga Yuli, 1997,  &quot;don amfani da tallace-tallacen tikitin bazara mai riba lokacin da fina-finai masu ban sha'awa galibi suka fi kyau&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; A watan Afrilu, Cameron ya ce tasirin musamman yana da rikitarwa kuma sakin fim ɗin a wannan ranar ba zai yiwu ba. &lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Studios sun yi tunanin tura shi zuwa ƙarshen watan Yuli ko kuma makon farko na watan Agusta. An ruwaito cewa Harrison Ford ya sanar da Paramount, wanda ya shirya fina-finansa masu riba na ''Indiana Jones'' da ''Jack Ryan'', cewa ba zai sake yin aiki da su ba idan suka fitar da ''Titanic'' kusa da fim ɗinsa na ''Air Force One'', wanda za a fara a ranar 25 ga Yuli. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Drudge |first=Matt |date=May 21, 1997 |title=Drudge: Harrison Ford Holds Up the Titanic |url=https://www.wired.com/1997/05/drudge-harrison-ford-holds-up-the-titanic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709060046/https://www.wired.com/1997/05/drudge-harrison-ford-holds-up-the-titanic/ |archive-date=July 9, 2023 |access-date=July 9, 2023 |website=wired.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

On May 29, 1997, Paramount postponed ''Titanic'' to December 19, 1997. Its new release date would be shared by [[James Bond]]'s ''Tomorrow Never Dies'' and ''Mouse Hunt''. This led many to speculate that ''Titanic'' was poorly made.&lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt; Studio executives wanted other summer blockbusters to maximize their profits, most notably ''Hercules'', ''Face/Off'', ''The Lost World: Jurassic Park'', ''My Best Friend's Wedding'', ''Speed 2: Cruise Control'', ''Con Air'', ''Batman &amp;amp;amp; Robin'', ''Men in Black'', ''Air Force One'', and ''Conspiracy Theory''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Weinraub-1997&quot; /&gt; To make up for ''Titanic''{{'}}s delay, Paramount moved up the opening of ''Event Horizon'' to August to position it as a desperately needed summer season release.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Frost |first=Amber |date=December 16, 2025 |title=28 Years Later, the Scariest Single Shot in Sci-Fi Horror History Is Absolutely Perfect |url=https://www.cbr.com/event-horizon-scariest-shot-sci-fi-horror-history/ |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=Cbr.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A preview screening of ''Titanic'' in Minneapolis on July 14, 1997, was received positively, and favorable word of mouth spread online, creating more positive media coverage.&lt;ref name=&quot;www.media-awareness.ca&quot; /&gt;
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'''Editar Adhiambo Ochieng''' mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a ce kuma mai rajin kare haƙƙin mata daga ƙasar Kenya. Tana fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata tare da tallafa wa waɗanda suka tsira daga cin zarafin jima'i. A shekarar 2020, Ochieng ta zama mutum ta farko da ta lashe lambar yabo ta Wangari Maathai a Kenya, saboda gudummawar da ta bayar wajen dakile yaɗuwar annobar COVID-19 a unguwar Kibera, wadda ke da yawan jama'a da ke rayuwa cikin talauci.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=pm |first=Michael Musyoka on 9 June 2020-2:39 |title=Former Kibra Aspirant Editar Ochieng' Wins Wangari Maathai Award |url=https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/54102-kibra-activist-editar-ochieng-wins-wangari-maathai-award |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926065403/https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/54102-kibra-activist-editar-ochieng-wins-wangari-maathai-award |archive-date=26 September 2020 |access-date=2020-06-28 |website=Kenyans.co.ke |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-06-09 |title=Kibra Activist Editar Ochieng' Wins Wangari Maathai Award |url=https://www.muhabarishaji.com/2020/06/kibra-activist-editar-ochieng-wins-wangari-maathai-award/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629155213/https://www.muhabarishaji.com/2020/06/kibra-activist-editar-ochieng-wins-wangari-maathai-award/ |archive-date=29 June 2020 |access-date=2020-06-28 |website=Muhabarishaji |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Editar Adhiambo Ochieng, Kenyan Woman Human Rights Defender {{!}} PBI United Kingdom |url=https://peacebrigades.org.uk/voices-field/human-rights-defenders-their-own-words/editar-adhiambo-ochieng-kenyan-woman-human |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102194937/https://peacebrigades.org.uk/voices-field/human-rights-defenders-their-own-words/editar-adhiambo-ochieng-kenyan-woman-human |archive-date=2 January 2021 |access-date=2020-06-28 |website=peacebrigades.org.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
An haifi Ochieng kuma ta girma a Kibera, &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; daya daga cikin manyan ƙauyuka a [[Nairobi]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;imcworldwide&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 March 2006 |title=A Trip Through Kenya's Kibera Slum |url=https://internationalmedicalcorps.org/sslpage.aspx?pid=1561 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006104222/https://internationalmedicalcorps.org/sslpage.aspx?pid=1561 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=31 January 2013 |publisher=International Medical Corps}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da take da shekaru shida, an yi mata fyade, kuma a lokacin da take 'yar shekara 16, an yi wa Ochieng fyade bayan haka masu kai mata hari sun yi alfahari da laifin da suka aikata. Ochieng yana nufin waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru a matsayin misalai na cin zarafin jima'i na yau da kullun akan mata kuma yana nuna ƙarfin ƙarfin mata wajen jimrewa da irin waɗannan laifuka. Ochieng ya bayyana cewa wannan tunanin da ya wuce gona da iri yana aiki ne a matsayin mai motsawa ga aikinta(((Ochieng refers to these personal experiences as examples of the normalized sexual violence against women and highlights the strength of women strength in enduring such crimes. Ochieng states that this obsolete mindset serves as the driving force for her activism))).&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
Ochieng ta kafa Cibiyar Mata don Zaman Lafiya, Hakki da Adalci a Kibera . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Defenders - Women's Safety |url=https://the-defenders.co.uk/editar-ochieng |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801111033/https://the-defenders.co.uk/editar-ochieng |archive-date=1 August 2021 |access-date=2021-08-01 |website=the-defenders.co.uk |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ita 'yar mata ce mai tsattsauran ra'ayi. Cibiyarta tana da niyyar gina jagoranci tsakanin matasan mata, suna aiki a matsayin tsarin tsarawa da cibiyar sadarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Faces of 4 brilliant, youthful Kenyan women doing greatness behind progressive politics arena |url=https://www.msn.com/en-xl/news/other/faces-of-4-brilliant-youthful-kenyan-women-doing-greatness-behind-progressive-politics-arena/ar-BB161UvA |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210313074954/https://www.msn.com/en-xl/news/other/faces-of-4-brilliant-youthful-kenyan-women-doing-greatness-behind-progressive-politics-arena/ar-BB161UvA |archive-date=13 March 2021 |access-date=2021-03-08 |website=www.msn.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ochieng yana ƙarfafa mata suyi magana da labarun su da kuma wayar da kan jama'a don nuna daidaituwa da waɗannan abubuwan. Cibiyar da take gudanarwa tana aiki ne a matsayin cibiyar tallafi ga mata masu rauni, kamar waɗanda ke barin [[Rikicin abokin tarayya|Dangantaka mai cin zarafi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; A cewar gwamnatin Kenya, kashi 45% na mata da 'yan mata masu shekaru 15-49 sun fuskanci tashin hankali. Yawancin shari'o'i ba a bayar da rahoto ba, kuma kaɗan ne ke karɓar kulawa ta likita ko adalci.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ayyukan Ochieng suna magance batutuwan da mata ke fuskanta a cikin al'umma. Tana samar da [[Tsabtar mata|kayayyakin tsabta]] ga mata masu rauni, tana tallafawa aiwatar da Resolution 1325 na Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a matsayin hanyar hada mata a cikin shirye-shiryen zaman lafiya da tsaro, da kuma ilimantar da mata kan hakkinsu na tsarin mulki. Har ila yau, ita ma mai shirya kayan aiki ce tare da Peace Brigades International Kenya, tare da haɗin gwiwar sauran mata masu kare hakkin dan adam na [[Nairobi]] (WHRD). &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ta kasance daga cikin mutane 56+ da aka kama yayin tafiya a ranar 7 ga Yuli 2020 game da cin zarafin 'yan sanda, yayin da' 'Yan sanda na Kenya sun kashe sama da mutane 100 har zuwa wannan lokacin a cikin 2020.

=== Cutar COVID-19 ===
A lokacin annobar COVID-19, Ochieng ta daidaita ayyukan ƙofa-ƙofa, ba da gudummawar abinci, da abin rufe fuska masu amfani da su don waɗanda suka tsira daga tashin hankali na jima'i da mata masu rauni a cikin al'umma, da kuma sanar da mazauna yankin game da annobar. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Don ba da fifiko ga abinci da taimako, Ochieng ya tsara taswirar yankunan da suka fi rauni a cikin ƙauyen. Har ila yau, tana da alhakin kirkirar 'Librari na Mata', wanda ke neman ilimantar da yara da ba su iya halartar makaranta ba saboda matsalar kiwon lafiya.

Ochieng ta kasance memba a lokacin tattaunawar shekara-shekara game da haƙƙin ɗan adam na mata da Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta gudanar, wanda ke kewaye da taken COVID-19 da haƙƙin mata. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human Rights Council Holds Second Panel of its Annual Full-Day Discussion on the Human Rights of Women on COVID-19 and Women's Rights, Then Holds Interactive Dialogue With the Commission of Inquiry on Burundi |url=https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/taxonomy/term/175/2020/07/human-rights-council-holds-second-panel-its-annual-full-day |access-date=2021-03-08 |publisher=[[United Nations Office at Geneva]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ochieng bai yi nasara ba don kujerar majalisa a mazabar Kibra a kan tikitin jam'iyyar Ukweli &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; a lokacin zaben da aka yi a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 2019, inda ya samu kuri'u 59 daga cikin jimlar 41,984 da aka jefa. Wannan ya faru ne bayan ta cancanci shiga zaben fidda gwani kuma an buga sunanta a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan siyasa da suka halarci zaben da aka gudanar a watan Nuwamba na 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=am |first=John Paul Simiyu on 8 November 2019-7:52 |title=IEBC Announces Kibra Final Tally [Video] |url=https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/46125-imran-okoth-floors-mariga-hotly-contested-poll |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020031142/https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/46125-imran-okoth-floors-mariga-hotly-contested-poll |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=2021-03-08 |website=Kenyans.co.ke |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kyaututtuka ===
A cikin 2020, an amince da gudummawar Ochieng a Kibera a lokacin annobar COVID-19 lokacin da ta lashe kyautar Wangari Maathai, wanda ya sa ta zama ta farko da ta karbi kyautar. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

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'''Editar Adhiambo Ochieng''' mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a ce kuma mai rajin kare haƙƙin mata daga ƙasar Kenya. Tana fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata tare da tallafa wa waɗanda suka tsira daga cin zarafin jima'i. A shekarar 2020, Ochieng ta zama mutum ta farko da ta lashe lambar yabo ta Wangari Maathai a Kenya, saboda gudummawar da ta bayar wajen dakile yaɗuwar annobar COVID-19 a unguwar Kibera, wadda ke da yawan jama'a da ke rayuwa cikin talauci.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=pm |first=Michael Musyoka on 9 June 2020-2:39 |title=Former Kibra Aspirant Editar Ochieng' Wins Wangari Maathai Award |url=https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/54102-kibra-activist-editar-ochieng-wins-wangari-maathai-award |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926065403/https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/54102-kibra-activist-editar-ochieng-wins-wangari-maathai-award |archive-date=26 September 2020 |access-date=2020-06-28 |website=Kenyans.co.ke |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-06-09 |title=Kibra Activist Editar Ochieng' Wins Wangari Maathai Award |url=https://www.muhabarishaji.com/2020/06/kibra-activist-editar-ochieng-wins-wangari-maathai-award/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629155213/https://www.muhabarishaji.com/2020/06/kibra-activist-editar-ochieng-wins-wangari-maathai-award/ |archive-date=29 June 2020 |access-date=2020-06-28 |website=Muhabarishaji |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Editar Adhiambo Ochieng, Kenyan Woman Human Rights Defender {{!}} PBI United Kingdom |url=https://peacebrigades.org.uk/voices-field/human-rights-defenders-their-own-words/editar-adhiambo-ochieng-kenyan-woman-human |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102194937/https://peacebrigades.org.uk/voices-field/human-rights-defenders-their-own-words/editar-adhiambo-ochieng-kenyan-woman-human |archive-date=2 January 2021 |access-date=2020-06-28 |website=peacebrigades.org.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
An haifi Ochieng kuma ta girma a Kibera, &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; daya daga cikin manyan ƙauyuka a [[Nairobi]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;imcworldwide&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 March 2006 |title=A Trip Through Kenya's Kibera Slum |url=https://internationalmedicalcorps.org/sslpage.aspx?pid=1561 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006104222/https://internationalmedicalcorps.org/sslpage.aspx?pid=1561 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=31 January 2013 |publisher=International Medical Corps}}&lt;/ref&gt; A lokacin da take da shekaru shida, an yi mata fyade, kuma a lokacin da take 'yar shekara 16, an yi wa Ochieng fyade bayan haka masu kai mata hari sun yi alfahari da laifin da suka aikata. Ochieng yana nufin waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru a matsayin misalai na cin zarafin jima'i na yau da kullun akan mata kuma yana nuna ƙarfin ƙarfin mata wajen jimrewa da irin waɗannan laifuka. Ochieng ya bayyana cewa wannan tunanin da ya wuce gona da iri yana aiki ne a matsayin mai motsawa ga aikinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Ayyuka ==
Ochieng ta kafa Cibiyar Mata don Zaman Lafiya, Hakki da Adalci a Kibera . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Defenders - Women's Safety |url=https://the-defenders.co.uk/editar-ochieng |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801111033/https://the-defenders.co.uk/editar-ochieng |archive-date=1 August 2021 |access-date=2021-08-01 |website=the-defenders.co.uk |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ita 'yar mata ce mai tsattsauran ra'ayi. Cibiyarta tana da niyyar gina jagoranci tsakanin matasan mata, suna aiki a matsayin tsarin tsarawa da cibiyar sadarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Faces of 4 brilliant, youthful Kenyan women doing greatness behind progressive politics arena |url=https://www.msn.com/en-xl/news/other/faces-of-4-brilliant-youthful-kenyan-women-doing-greatness-behind-progressive-politics-arena/ar-BB161UvA |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210313074954/https://www.msn.com/en-xl/news/other/faces-of-4-brilliant-youthful-kenyan-women-doing-greatness-behind-progressive-politics-arena/ar-BB161UvA |archive-date=13 March 2021 |access-date=2021-03-08 |website=www.msn.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ochieng yana ƙarfafa mata suyi magana da labarun su da kuma wayar da kan jama'a don nuna daidaituwa da waɗannan abubuwan. Cibiyar da take gudanarwa tana aiki ne a matsayin cibiyar tallafi ga mata masu rauni, kamar waɗanda ke barin [[Rikicin abokin tarayya|Dangantaka mai cin zarafi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; A cewar gwamnatin Kenya, kashi 45% na mata da 'yan mata masu shekaru 15-49 sun fuskanci tashin hankali. Yawancin shari'o'i ba a bayar da rahoto ba, kuma kaɗan ne ke karɓar kulawa ta likita ko adalci.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ayyukan Ochieng suna magance batutuwan da mata ke fuskanta a cikin al'umma. Tana samar da [[Tsabtar mata|kayayyakin tsabta]] ga mata masu rauni, tana tallafawa aiwatar da Resolution 1325 na Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a matsayin hanyar hada mata a cikin shirye-shiryen zaman lafiya da tsaro, da kuma ilimantar da mata kan hakkinsu na tsarin mulki. Har ila yau, ita ma mai shirya kayan aiki ce tare da Peace Brigades International Kenya, tare da haɗin gwiwar sauran mata masu kare hakkin dan adam na [[Nairobi]] (WHRD). &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ta kasance daga cikin mutane 56+ da aka kama yayin tafiya a ranar 7 ga Yuli 2020 game da cin zarafin 'yan sanda, yayin da' 'Yan sanda na Kenya sun kashe sama da mutane 100 har zuwa wannan lokacin a cikin 2020.

=== Cutar COVID-19 ===
A lokacin annobar COVID-19, Ochieng ta daidaita ayyukan ƙofa-ƙofa, ba da gudummawar abinci, da abin rufe fuska masu amfani da su don waɗanda suka tsira daga tashin hankali na jima'i da mata masu rauni a cikin al'umma, da kuma sanar da mazauna yankin game da annobar. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Don ba da fifiko ga abinci da taimako, Ochieng ya tsara taswirar yankunan da suka fi rauni a cikin ƙauyen. Har ila yau, tana da alhakin kirkirar 'Librari na Mata', wanda ke neman ilimantar da yara da ba su iya halartar makaranta ba saboda matsalar kiwon lafiya.

Ochieng ta kasance memba a lokacin tattaunawar shekara-shekara game da haƙƙin ɗan adam na mata da Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta gudanar, wanda ke kewaye da taken COVID-19 da haƙƙin mata. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Human Rights Council Holds Second Panel of its Annual Full-Day Discussion on the Human Rights of Women on COVID-19 and Women's Rights, Then Holds Interactive Dialogue With the Commission of Inquiry on Burundi |url=https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/taxonomy/term/175/2020/07/human-rights-council-holds-second-panel-its-annual-full-day |access-date=2021-03-08 |publisher=[[United Nations Office at Geneva]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ochieng bai yi nasara ba don kujerar majalisa a mazabar Kibra a kan tikitin jam'iyyar Ukweli &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; a lokacin zaben da aka yi a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 2019, inda ya samu kuri'u 59 daga cikin jimlar 41,984 da aka jefa. Wannan ya faru ne bayan ta cancanci shiga zaben fidda gwani kuma an buga sunanta a cikin jerin sunayen 'yan siyasa da suka halarci zaben da aka gudanar a watan Nuwamba na 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=am |first=John Paul Simiyu on 8 November 2019-7:52 |title=IEBC Announces Kibra Final Tally [Video] |url=https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/46125-imran-okoth-floors-mariga-hotly-contested-poll |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020031142/https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/46125-imran-okoth-floors-mariga-hotly-contested-poll |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=2021-03-08 |website=Kenyans.co.ke |language=EN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kyaututtuka ===
A cikin 2020, an amince da gudummawar Ochieng a Kibera a lokacin annobar COVID-19 lokacin da ta lashe kyautar Wangari Maathai, wanda ya sa ta zama ta farko da ta karbi kyautar. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==

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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371569046|Rose Njeri]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Rose Njeri Tunguru''' (an haife ta tsakanin shekarar 1989 zuwa 1990)&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Rose Njeri Tunguru Is on the 2025 TIME100 Next |url=https://time.com/collections/time100-next-2025/7318859/rose-njeri/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=TIME |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ƙwararriyar mai shirya manhajojin kwamfuta ce kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a daga ƙasar Kenya. Ta shahara ne sakamakon ƙirƙirar “Civic Email”, wata na'ura ta dijital da aka ƙera domin taimaka wa 'yan Kenya aika saƙonnin imel ga jami'an gwamnati, don bayyana adawarsu da ƙudirin dokar kuɗi ta Kenya ta shekarar 2025. Daga baya, an kama ta saboda wannan aiki. Kamun nata ya jawo fushin jama'a a faɗin ƙasar da kuma zanga-zangar nuna rashin amincewa. A shekarar 2025, an saka sunanta cikin jerin TIME 100 Next, jerin mutane 100 masu tasowa waɗanda ake ganin za su taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara makomar duniya.

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Tunguru tana zaune a cikin wani gida a Embakasi, Nairobi, kuma ta sami digiri na farko a kasuwanci. Daga baya ta fara koyon ci gaban yanar gizo ta hanyar She Codes, [[Jami'ar Harvard|Harvard]] Online, da Alt Africa . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kipchumba |first=Mike |last2=Kihaki |first2=Emmanuel |title=Coder who turned civic frustration into global recognition |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/living/article/2001531053/coder-who-turned-civic-frustration-into-global-recognition |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Evewoman Magazine |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 19 ga Mayu, 2025, Tunguru ta sanar a kan X cewa ta &quot;rubuta wani shiri mai sauƙi wanda ke ba ka damar ƙin Dokar Kudi ta 2025 tare da dannawa ɗaya kawai&quot;. An kira kayan aikin &quot;Civic Email&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-02-06 |title=Rose Njeri, the viral Finance Bill email tool dev, is back with 'Tuma Report', a citizen journalism app for Kenya - Tech-ish |url=https://tech-ish.com/2026/02/06/tuma-report-app-citizen-journalism-kenya/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;  An kaddamar da shi tare da rashin jin daɗin jama'a game da Dokar Kudi ta Kenya ta 2025, kuma ana iya amfani da shi don taimakawa 'yan ƙasa su bayyana rashin amincewarsu ga wannan dokar haraji.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; A ranar 31 ga watan Mayu, an kama ta yayin bikin kammala karatun, kuma an kwace kayan aikinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-04 |title=Who is Rose Njeri? Soft-spoken activist arrested over Finance Bill protest app |url=https://citizen.digital/article/who-is-rose-njeri-soft-spoken-activist-arrested-over-finance-bill-protest-app-n364016 |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Citizen Digital |language=en-KE}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta bayyana cewa &quot;ba ta taɓa karanta hakkokinta ba&quot; kuma an tsare ta na awanni 88 saboda karshen mako da hutun jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-02 |title=Rose Njeri: Kenyan software developer's detention sparks outrage |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgmjlp1gnp8o |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An tuhume ta a hukumance da [[Cybercrime|tsangwama ba tare da izini ba tare da tsarin kwamfuta]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Omondi |first=Denis |title=Why activist Rose Njeri wants her case thrown out |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/national/article/2001520969/why-activist-rose-njeri-wants-her-case-thrown-out |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=The Standard |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; don, a cewar masu gabatar da kara, &quot;ta tsoma baki tare da aikin yau da kullun na tsarin gwamnati&quot; ta hanyar yin kayan aikinta wanda &quot;ya samar da kai tsaye kuma ya aika da imel mai yawa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-06 |title=Kenya: Rose Njeri Charged Over Anti-Finance Bill Website — East African Herald |url=https://www.eastafricanherald.com/business/2025/6/6/kenya-rose-njeri-charged-over-anti-finance-bill-website |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=EastAfricanHerald |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;Daga baya aka sake ta a kan jingina. Hotunan bidiyo sun kama murmushi, wanda ya bazu a kafofin sada zumunta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sama |first=Caleb |date=2025-06-03 |title=Rose Njeri Charged With Cybercrime for Letting Kenyans Email Their MPs |url=https://techweez.com/2025/06/03/rose-njeri-charged-with-cybercrime-for-letting-kenyans-email-their-mps/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Techweez {{!}} Tech News, Reviews, Deals, Tips and How To |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shari'arta ta haifar da kuka na kasa, hashtag na #FreeRoseNjeri &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; da masu fafutuka da ke zanga-zanga a waje da kurkuku.  Ta sami tallafi daga kungiyoyi ciki har da [[Amnesty International]] Kenya da lauyoyi ciki har da tsohon Babban Alkalin Kenya David Maraga . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Wani majistare ya yi watsi da karar da aka yi mata, wanda kuma ya ba da umarnin dawo da kayan aikinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Life after arrest: Is Rose Njeri still facing threats? {{!}} KenyaMOJA.com |url=https://www.kenyamoja.com/video/life-after-arrest-rose-njeri-still-facing-threats-ktn-news-79715 |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=www.kenyamoja.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, ta bayyana cewa har yanzu ba a dawo da kayan aikinta ba, kuma jami'ai sun sake ƙoƙarin kama ta tun lokacin. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta bayyana kanta a matsayin &quot;mai fafutukar fasahar jama'a&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

A cikin 2026, ta ƙaddamar da sabon kayan aiki da ake kira Tuma Report, dandamali wanda ke bawa masu amfani damar gabatar da rahotanni game da abubuwan da suka faru. Ta bayyana cewa rikice-rikicen da aka yi a yankin Kakamega ne suka yi wahayi zuwa gare ta don ƙirƙirar wannan, inda ake nufin gidaje su rasa su ta hanyar hakar zinariya, wanda ta bayyana cewa kafofin watsa labarai ba su ruwaito ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

An sanya mata suna a matsayin Time 100 Next a cikin 2025.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Rose Njeri Tunguru Is on the 2025 TIME100 Next |url=https://time.com/collections/time100-next-2025/7318859/rose-njeri/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=TIME |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, an sanya mata suna a cikin jerin 40 a ƙarƙashin 40 ta Business Daily Africa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=40 under 40 - Rose Njeri Tunguru |url=https://top40.businessdailyafrica.com/candidates/rose-njeri-tunguru/ |access-date=July 13, 2026 |website=Business Daily Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Tunguru tana da [[rashin jini]], &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; wanda ta bayyana cewa ya kara muni saboda lokacin da aka tsare ta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marende |first=Nancy |title=Rose Njeri reveals how arrest made her deliberate active citizen |url=https://k24.digital/411/rose-njeri-reveals-how-arrest-made-her-deliberate-active-citizen |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=K24 Digital |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tana da 'ya'ya biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

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'''Rose Njeri Tunguru''' (an haife ta tsakanin shekarar 1989 zuwa 1990)&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Rose Njeri Tunguru Is on the 2025 TIME100 Next |url=https://time.com/collections/time100-next-2025/7318859/rose-njeri/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=TIME |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ƙwararriyar mai shirya manhajojin kwamfuta ce kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a daga ƙasar Kenya. Ta shahara ne sakamakon ƙirƙirar “Civic Email”, wata na'ura ta dijital da aka ƙera domin taimaka wa 'yan Kenya aika saƙonnin imel ga jami'an gwamnati, don bayyana adawarsu da ƙudirin dokar kuɗi ta Kenya ta shekarar 2025. Daga baya, an kama ta saboda wannan aiki. Kamun nata ya jawo fushin jama'a a faɗin ƙasar da kuma zanga-zangar nuna rashin amincewa. A shekarar 2025, an saka sunanta cikin jerin TIME 100 Next, jerin mutane 100 masu tasowa waɗanda ake ganin za su taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara makomar duniya.

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Tunguru tana zaune a cikin wani gida a Embakasi, Nairobi, kuma ta sami digiri na farko a kasuwanci. Daga baya ta fara koyon ci gaban yanar gizo ta hanyar She Codes, [[Jami'ar Harvard|Harvard]] Online, da Alt Africa . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kipchumba |first=Mike |last2=Kihaki |first2=Emmanuel |title=Coder who turned civic frustration into global recognition |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/living/article/2001531053/coder-who-turned-civic-frustration-into-global-recognition |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Evewoman Magazine |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 19 ga Mayu, 2025, Tunguru ta sanar a kan X cewa ta &quot;rubuta wani shiri mai sauƙi wanda ke ba ka damar ƙin Dokar Kudi ta 2025 tare da dannawa ɗaya kawai&quot;. An kira kayan aikin &quot;Civic Email&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-02-06 |title=Rose Njeri, the viral Finance Bill email tool dev, is back with 'Tuma Report', a citizen journalism app for Kenya - Tech-ish |url=https://tech-ish.com/2026/02/06/tuma-report-app-citizen-journalism-kenya/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;  An kaddamar da shi tare da rashin jin daɗin jama'a game da Dokar Kudi ta Kenya ta 2025, kuma ana iya amfani da shi don taimakawa 'yan ƙasa su bayyana rashin amincewarsu ga wannan dokar haraji.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; A ranar 31 ga watan Mayu, an kama ta yayin bikin kammala karatun, kuma an kwace kayan aikinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-04 |title=Who is Rose Njeri? Soft-spoken activist arrested over Finance Bill protest app |url=https://citizen.digital/article/who-is-rose-njeri-soft-spoken-activist-arrested-over-finance-bill-protest-app-n364016 |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Citizen Digital |language=en-KE}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta bayyana cewa &quot;ba ta taɓa karanta hakkokinta ba&quot; kuma an tsare ta na awanni 88 saboda karshen mako da hutun jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-02 |title=Rose Njeri: Kenyan software developer's detention sparks outrage |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgmjlp1gnp8o |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An tuhume ta a hukumance da [[Cybercrime|tsangwama ba tare da izini ba tare da tsarin kwamfuta]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Omondi |first=Denis |title=Why activist Rose Njeri wants her case thrown out |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/national/article/2001520969/why-activist-rose-njeri-wants-her-case-thrown-out |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=The Standard |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; don, a cewar masu gabatar da kara, &quot;ta tsoma baki tare da aikin yau da kullun na tsarin gwamnati&quot; ta hanyar yin kayan aikinta wanda &quot;ya samar da kai tsaye kuma ya aika da imel mai yawa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-06 |title=Kenya: Rose Njeri Charged Over Anti-Finance Bill Website — East African Herald |url=https://www.eastafricanherald.com/business/2025/6/6/kenya-rose-njeri-charged-over-anti-finance-bill-website |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=EastAfricanHerald |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;Daga baya aka sake ta a kan jingina. Hotunan bidiyo sun kama murmushi, wanda ya bazu a kafofin sada zumunta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sama |first=Caleb |date=2025-06-03 |title=Rose Njeri Charged With Cybercrime for Letting Kenyans Email Their MPs |url=https://techweez.com/2025/06/03/rose-njeri-charged-with-cybercrime-for-letting-kenyans-email-their-mps/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Techweez {{!}} Tech News, Reviews, Deals, Tips and How To |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shari'arta ta haifar da kuka na kasa, hashtag na #FreeRoseNjeri &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; da masu fafutuka da ke zanga-zanga a waje da kurkuku.  Ta sami tallafi daga kungiyoyi ciki har da [[Amnesty International]] Kenya da lauyoyi ciki har da tsohon Babban Alkalin Kenya David Maraga . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Wani majistare ya yi watsi da karar da aka yi mata, wanda kuma ya ba da umarnin dawo da kayan aikinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Life after arrest: Is Rose Njeri still facing threats? {{!}} KenyaMOJA.com |url=https://www.kenyamoja.com/video/life-after-arrest-rose-njeri-still-facing-threats-ktn-news-79715 |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=www.kenyamoja.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, ta bayyana cewa har yanzu ba a dawo da kayan aikinta ba, kuma jami'ai sun sake ƙoƙarin kama ta tun lokacin. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta bayyana kanta a matsayin &quot;mai fafutukar fasahar jama'a&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

A cikin 2026, ta ƙaddamar da sabon kayan aiki da ake kira Tuma Report, dandamali wanda ke bawa masu amfani damar gabatar da rahotanni game da abubuwan da suka faru. Ta bayyana cewa rikice-rikicen da aka yi a yankin Kakamega ne suka yi wahayi zuwa gare ta don ƙirƙirar wannan, inda ake nufin gidaje su rasa su ta hanyar hakar zinariya, wanda ta bayyana cewa kafofin watsa labarai ba su ruwaito ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

An sanya mata suna a matsayin Time 100 Next a cikin 2025.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Rose Njeri Tunguru Is on the 2025 TIME100 Next |url=https://time.com/collections/time100-next-2025/7318859/rose-njeri/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=TIME |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, an sanya mata suna a cikin jerin 40 a ƙarƙashin 40 ta Business Daily Africa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=40 under 40 - Rose Njeri Tunguru |url=https://top40.businessdailyafrica.com/candidates/rose-njeri-tunguru/ |access-date=July 13, 2026 |website=Business Daily Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Tunguru tana da [[rashin jini]], &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; wanda ta bayyana cewa ya kara muni saboda lokacin da aka tsare ta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marende |first=Nancy |title=Rose Njeri reveals how arrest made her deliberate active citizen |url=https://k24.digital/411/rose-njeri-reveals-how-arrest-made-her-deliberate-active-citizen |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=K24 Digital |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tana da 'ya'ya biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>53mxqx5b9ew7dtc3fo75vt59kep9vza</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969825</id>
      <parentid>969652</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:45:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Tarihin rayuwa */</comment>
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      <text bytes="6760" sha1="kpuq91ytov4x848c2joat57ea25xri0" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}

'''Rose Njeri Tunguru''' (an haife ta tsakanin shekarar 1989 zuwa 1990)&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Rose Njeri Tunguru Is on the 2025 TIME100 Next |url=https://time.com/collections/time100-next-2025/7318859/rose-njeri/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=TIME |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ƙwararriyar mai shirya manhajojin kwamfuta ce kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a daga ƙasar Kenya. Ta shahara ne sakamakon ƙirƙirar “Civic Email”, wata na'ura ta dijital da aka ƙera domin taimaka wa 'yan Kenya aika saƙonnin imel ga jami'an gwamnati, don bayyana adawarsu da ƙudirin dokar kuɗi ta Kenya ta shekarar 2025. Daga baya, an kama ta saboda wannan aiki. Kamun nata ya jawo fushin jama'a a faɗin ƙasar da kuma zanga-zangar nuna rashin amincewa. A shekarar 2025, an saka sunanta cikin jerin TIME 100 Next, jerin mutane 100 masu tasowa waɗanda ake ganin za su taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara makomar duniya.

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Tunguru tana zaune a cikin wani gida a Embakasi, Nairobi, kuma ta sami digiri na farko a kasuwanci. Daga baya ta fara koyon ci gaban yanar gizo ta hanyar She Codes, [[Jami'ar Harvard|Harvard]] Online, da Alt Africa . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kipchumba |first=Mike |last2=Kihaki |first2=Emmanuel |title=Coder who turned civic frustration into global recognition |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/living/article/2001531053/coder-who-turned-civic-frustration-into-global-recognition |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Evewoman Magazine |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 19 ga watan Mayu, 2025, Tunguru ta sanar a kan X cewa ta &quot;rubuta wani shiri mai sauƙi wanda ke ba ka damar ƙin Dokar Kudi ta 2025 tare da dannawa ɗaya kawai&quot;. An kira kayan aikin &quot;Civic Email&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-02-06 |title=Rose Njeri, the viral Finance Bill email tool dev, is back with 'Tuma Report', a citizen journalism app for Kenya - Tech-ish |url=https://tech-ish.com/2026/02/06/tuma-report-app-citizen-journalism-kenya/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;  An kaddamar da shi tare da rashin jin daɗin jama'a game da Dokar Kudi ta Kenya ta 2025, kuma ana iya amfani da shi don taimakawa 'yan ƙasa su bayyana rashin amincewarsu ga wannan dokar haraji.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; A ranar 31 ga watan Mayu, an kama ta yayin bikin kammala karatun, kuma an kwace kayan aikinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-04 |title=Who is Rose Njeri? Soft-spoken activist arrested over Finance Bill protest app |url=https://citizen.digital/article/who-is-rose-njeri-soft-spoken-activist-arrested-over-finance-bill-protest-app-n364016 |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Citizen Digital |language=en-KE}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta bayyana cewa &quot;ba ta taɓa karanta hakkokinta ba&quot; kuma an tsare ta na awanni 88 saboda karshen mako da hutun jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-02 |title=Rose Njeri: Kenyan software developer's detention sparks outrage |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgmjlp1gnp8o |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An tuhume ta a hukumance da [[Cybercrime|tsangwama ba tare da izini ba tare da tsarin kwamfuta]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Omondi |first=Denis |title=Why activist Rose Njeri wants her case thrown out |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/national/article/2001520969/why-activist-rose-njeri-wants-her-case-thrown-out |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=The Standard |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; don, a cewar masu gabatar da kara, &quot;ta tsoma baki tare da aikin yau da kullun na tsarin gwamnati&quot; ta hanyar yin kayan aikinta wanda &quot;ya samar da kai tsaye kuma ya aika da imel mai yawa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-06 |title=Kenya: Rose Njeri Charged Over Anti-Finance Bill Website — East African Herald |url=https://www.eastafricanherald.com/business/2025/6/6/kenya-rose-njeri-charged-over-anti-finance-bill-website |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=EastAfricanHerald |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;Daga baya aka sake ta a kan jingina. Hotunan bidiyo sun kama murmushi, wanda ya bazu a kafofin sada zumunta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sama |first=Caleb |date=2025-06-03 |title=Rose Njeri Charged With Cybercrime for Letting Kenyans Email Their MPs |url=https://techweez.com/2025/06/03/rose-njeri-charged-with-cybercrime-for-letting-kenyans-email-their-mps/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Techweez {{!}} Tech News, Reviews, Deals, Tips and How To |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shari'arta ta haifar da kuka na kasa, hashtag na #FreeRoseNjeri &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; da masu fafutuka da ke zanga-zanga a waje da kurkuku.  Ta sami tallafi daga kungiyoyi ciki har da [[Amnesty International]] Kenya da lauyoyi ciki har da tsohon Babban Alkalin Kenya David Maraga . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Wani majistare ya yi watsi da karar da aka yi mata, wanda kuma ya ba da umarnin dawo da kayan aikinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Life after arrest: Is Rose Njeri still facing threats? {{!}} KenyaMOJA.com |url=https://www.kenyamoja.com/video/life-after-arrest-rose-njeri-still-facing-threats-ktn-news-79715 |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=www.kenyamoja.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, ta bayyana cewa har yanzu ba a dawo da kayan aikinta ba, kuma jami'ai sun sake ƙoƙarin kama ta tun lokacin. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta bayyana kanta a matsayin &quot;mai fafutukar fasahar jama'a&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

A cikin 2026, ta ƙaddamar da sabon kayan aiki da ake kira Tuma Report, dandamali wanda ke bawa masu amfani damar gabatar da rahotanni game da abubuwan da suka faru. Ta bayyana cewa rikice-rikicen da aka yi a yankin Kakamega ne suka yi wahayi zuwa gare ta don ƙirƙirar wannan, inda ake nufin gidaje su rasa su ta hanyar hakar zinariya, wanda ta bayyana cewa kafofin watsa labarai ba su ruwaito ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

An sanya mata suna a matsayin Time 100 Next a cikin 2025.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Rose Njeri Tunguru Is on the 2025 TIME100 Next |url=https://time.com/collections/time100-next-2025/7318859/rose-njeri/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=TIME |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, an sanya mata suna a cikin jerin 40 a ƙarƙashin 40 ta Business Daily Africa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=40 under 40 - Rose Njeri Tunguru |url=https://top40.businessdailyafrica.com/candidates/rose-njeri-tunguru/ |access-date=July 13, 2026 |website=Business Daily Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Tunguru tana da [[rashin jini]], &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; wanda ta bayyana cewa ya kara muni saboda lokacin da aka tsare ta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marende |first=Nancy |title=Rose Njeri reveals how arrest made her deliberate active citizen |url=https://k24.digital/411/rose-njeri-reveals-how-arrest-made-her-deliberate-active-citizen |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=K24 Digital |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tana da 'ya'ya biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
      <sha1>kpuq91ytov4x848c2joat57ea25xri0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969826</id>
      <parentid>969825</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:45:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
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      <comment>/* Tarihin rayuwa */</comment>
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'''Rose Njeri Tunguru''' (an haife ta tsakanin shekarar 1989 zuwa 1990)&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Rose Njeri Tunguru Is on the 2025 TIME100 Next |url=https://time.com/collections/time100-next-2025/7318859/rose-njeri/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=TIME |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ƙwararriyar mai shirya manhajojin kwamfuta ce kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a daga ƙasar Kenya. Ta shahara ne sakamakon ƙirƙirar “Civic Email”, wata na'ura ta dijital da aka ƙera domin taimaka wa 'yan Kenya aika saƙonnin imel ga jami'an gwamnati, don bayyana adawarsu da ƙudirin dokar kuɗi ta Kenya ta shekarar 2025. Daga baya, an kama ta saboda wannan aiki. Kamun nata ya jawo fushin jama'a a faɗin ƙasar da kuma zanga-zangar nuna rashin amincewa. A shekarar 2025, an saka sunanta cikin jerin TIME 100 Next, jerin mutane 100 masu tasowa waɗanda ake ganin za su taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara makomar duniya.

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Tunguru tana zaune a cikin wani gida a Embakasi, Nairobi, kuma ta sami digiri na farko a kasuwanci. Daga baya ta fara koyon ci gaban yanar gizo ta hanyar She Codes, [[Jami'ar Harvard|Harvard]] Online, da Alt Africa . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kipchumba |first=Mike |last2=Kihaki |first2=Emmanuel |title=Coder who turned civic frustration into global recognition |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/living/article/2001531053/coder-who-turned-civic-frustration-into-global-recognition |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Evewoman Magazine |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ranar 19 ga watan Mayu, a shekara ta 2025, Tunguru ta sanar a kan X cewa ta &quot;rubuta wani shiri mai sauƙi wanda ke ba ka damar ƙin Dokar Kudi ta 2025 tare da dannawa ɗaya kawai&quot;. An kira kayan aikin &quot;Civic Email&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-02-06 |title=Rose Njeri, the viral Finance Bill email tool dev, is back with 'Tuma Report', a citizen journalism app for Kenya - Tech-ish |url=https://tech-ish.com/2026/02/06/tuma-report-app-citizen-journalism-kenya/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;  An kaddamar da shi tare da rashin jin daɗin jama'a game da Dokar Kudi ta Kenya ta 2025, kuma ana iya amfani da shi don taimakawa 'yan ƙasa su bayyana rashin amincewarsu ga wannan dokar haraji.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; A ranar 31 ga watan Mayu, an kama ta yayin bikin kammala karatun, kuma an kwace kayan aikinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-04 |title=Who is Rose Njeri? Soft-spoken activist arrested over Finance Bill protest app |url=https://citizen.digital/article/who-is-rose-njeri-soft-spoken-activist-arrested-over-finance-bill-protest-app-n364016 |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Citizen Digital |language=en-KE}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ta bayyana cewa &quot;ba ta taɓa karanta hakkokinta ba&quot; kuma an tsare ta na awanni 88 saboda karshen mako da hutun jama'a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-02 |title=Rose Njeri: Kenyan software developer's detention sparks outrage |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgmjlp1gnp8o |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An tuhume ta a hukumance da [[Cybercrime|tsangwama ba tare da izini ba tare da tsarin kwamfuta]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Omondi |first=Denis |title=Why activist Rose Njeri wants her case thrown out |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/national/article/2001520969/why-activist-rose-njeri-wants-her-case-thrown-out |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=The Standard |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; don, a cewar masu gabatar da kara, &quot;ta tsoma baki tare da aikin yau da kullun na tsarin gwamnati&quot; ta hanyar yin kayan aikinta wanda &quot;ya samar da kai tsaye kuma ya aika da imel mai yawa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-06 |title=Kenya: Rose Njeri Charged Over Anti-Finance Bill Website — East African Herald |url=https://www.eastafricanherald.com/business/2025/6/6/kenya-rose-njeri-charged-over-anti-finance-bill-website |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=EastAfricanHerald |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;Daga baya aka sake ta a kan jingina. Hotunan bidiyo sun kama murmushi, wanda ya bazu a kafofin sada zumunta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sama |first=Caleb |date=2025-06-03 |title=Rose Njeri Charged With Cybercrime for Letting Kenyans Email Their MPs |url=https://techweez.com/2025/06/03/rose-njeri-charged-with-cybercrime-for-letting-kenyans-email-their-mps/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=Techweez {{!}} Tech News, Reviews, Deals, Tips and How To |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shari'arta ta haifar da kuka na kasa, hashtag na #FreeRoseNjeri &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; da masu fafutuka da ke zanga-zanga a waje da kurkuku.  Ta sami tallafi daga kungiyoyi ciki har da [[Amnesty International]] Kenya da lauyoyi ciki har da tsohon Babban Alkalin Kenya David Maraga . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Wani majistare ya yi watsi da karar da aka yi mata, wanda kuma ya ba da umarnin dawo da kayan aikinta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Life after arrest: Is Rose Njeri still facing threats? {{!}} KenyaMOJA.com |url=https://www.kenyamoja.com/video/life-after-arrest-rose-njeri-still-facing-threats-ktn-news-79715 |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=www.kenyamoja.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koyaya, ta bayyana cewa har yanzu ba a dawo da kayan aikinta ba, kuma jami'ai sun sake ƙoƙarin kama ta tun lokacin. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta bayyana kanta a matsayin &quot;mai fafutukar fasahar jama'a&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

A cikin 2026, ta ƙaddamar da sabon kayan aiki da ake kira Tuma Report, dandamali wanda ke bawa masu amfani damar gabatar da rahotanni game da abubuwan da suka faru. Ta bayyana cewa rikice-rikicen da aka yi a yankin Kakamega ne suka yi wahayi zuwa gare ta don ƙirƙirar wannan, inda ake nufin gidaje su rasa su ta hanyar hakar zinariya, wanda ta bayyana cewa kafofin watsa labarai ba su ruwaito ba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

An sanya mata suna a matsayin Time 100 Next a cikin 2025.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Rose Njeri Tunguru Is on the 2025 TIME100 Next |url=https://time.com/collections/time100-next-2025/7318859/rose-njeri/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=TIME |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, an sanya mata suna a cikin jerin 40 a ƙarƙashin 40 ta Business Daily Africa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=40 under 40 - Rose Njeri Tunguru |url=https://top40.businessdailyafrica.com/candidates/rose-njeri-tunguru/ |access-date=July 13, 2026 |website=Business Daily Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Tunguru tana da [[rashin jini]], &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; wanda ta bayyana cewa ya kara muni saboda lokacin da aka tsare ta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marende |first=Nancy |title=Rose Njeri reveals how arrest made her deliberate active citizen |url=https://k24.digital/411/rose-njeri-reveals-how-arrest-made-her-deliberate-active-citizen |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=K24 Digital |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tana da 'ya'ya biyu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]</text>
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    <title>Middleton (kusa da Chirbury)</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369717393|Middleton (near Chirbury)]]&quot;</comment>
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|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
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|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Location map/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:240px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:240px&quot;&gt;[[File:Shropshire_UK_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|261x261px|Middleton is located in Shropshire]]&lt;div class=&quot;od notheme&quot; style=&quot;top:58.816%;left:18.261%;font-size:91%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;id&quot; style=&quot;left:-3px;top:-3px&quot;&gt;[[File:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Middleton]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pr&quot; style=&quot;width:6em;left:4px&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Middleton&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;Yanayi a cikin Shropshire&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Bayanan grid na OS&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;span class=&quot;nourlexpansion&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap&quot;&gt;[http://streetmap.co.uk/grid/329500_298900_120 SO295989]&lt;/span&gt;
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ikilisiyar jama'a
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Chirbury tare da Brompton
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ikon hadin kai&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar bikin&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yankin
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Yammacin Midlands
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow adr&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kasar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;span class=&quot;country-name&quot;&gt;[[Ingila]]&lt;/span&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[Jerin kasashen|Kasar da ke da iko&amp;nbsp;]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Ƙasar Ingila
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Garin gidan waya
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Gidan Gida
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar Postcode&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |SY15
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Lambar kira&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |01938
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow infobox-hiddenrow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |'Yan sanda
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Yammacin Mercia
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Wutar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Shropshire
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ambulance
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Yammacin Midlands
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Majalisar dokokin Burtaniya&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Ludlow
&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-below noprint nowrap&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Hlist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot;&gt;
; &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Nobold/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nobold&quot;&gt;Jerin wurare&lt;/span&gt;
: Burtaniya
: Ingila
: Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-inline&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Middleton_(near_Chirbury)&amp;params=52.583_N_3.04_W_region:GB_type:city &lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;52°34′59′′N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;3°02′24′′W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;/&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;52.583°N 3.040°W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;﻿ / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;52.583; -3.040&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;indicator name=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: {{#parsoid�fragment:15}}&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Middleton_(near_Chirbury)&amp;params=52.583_N_3.04_W_region:GB_type:city &lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;52°34′59″N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;3°02′24″W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &amp;#xfeff;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;52.583°N 3.040°W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;52.583; -3.040&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/indicator&gt;
|}
'''Middleton''' wani yanki ne da aka warwatsa a Shropshire tare da ɗakin sujada (Trinity Mai Tsarki)&lt;ref name=&quot;middleton2&quot;&gt;[http://www.achurchnearyou.com/middleton-in-chirbury-holy-trinity/ A Church Near You] Middleton-in-Chirbury&lt;/ref&gt;  da kuma tsohon makarantar. Ya taɓa zama mafi yawan jama'a amma ya shiga raguwa da zarar hakar ma'adinai (((((((((((()'''Middleton''' is a scattered settlement in [[:en:Shropshire|Shropshire]] with a chapel (Holy Trinity)&lt;ref name=&quot;middleton4&quot;&gt;[http://www.achurchnearyou.com/middleton-in-chirbury-holy-trinity/ A Church Near You] Middleton-in-Chirbury&lt;/ref&gt; and a former schoolhouse. It was once much more populated but went into decline once mining ended in the area. It is situated in the [[:en:Civil_parishes_in_England|civil parish]] of [[:en:Chirbury_with_Brompton|Chirbury with Brompton]], in the west of the county.)))))))))ta ƙare a yankin. Tana cikin cocin farar hula na Chirbury tare da Brompton, a yammacin gundumar.

Middleton wani yanki ne na Ikklisiya a cikin wannan Ikklisiya, yana dawo da 'yan majalisa 3.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.lgbce.org.uk/__documents/lgbce/research/parish-orders/south-shropshire-parishes-order-1987.pdf South Shropshire Parishes Order 1987] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928062334/http://www.lgbce.org.uk/__documents/lgbce/research/parish-orders/south-shropshire-parishes-order-1987.pdf|date=2013-09-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; A tarihi gari ne na ɗari na Chirbury . Ikklisiya cocin an san ta da '''Middleton-in-Chirbury''' '''.'''&lt;ref name=&quot;middleton3&quot;&gt;[http://www.achurchnearyou.com/middleton-in-chirbury-holy-trinity/ A Church Near You] Middleton-in-Chirbury&lt;/ref&gt; 

A arewa shine ƙauyen Rorrington, a kudu karamin ƙauyen Priest Weston, duka biyu kuma a cikin Ikklisiya na Chirbury tare da Brompton.

== Dubi kuma ==

* Gine-gine da aka jera a Chirbury tare da Brompton

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
      <sha1>cb1gxjlcjd211wmvs4mvsyp5vtcer5b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969654</id>
      <parentid>969653</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T18:52:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SaadatuAliyu5484</username>
        <id>48956</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sabon shafi</comment>
      <origin>969654</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="7231" sha1="pvj8c1kpj5w0k5csb6uste27lg8ihk1" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;infobox ib-uk-place vcard&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above fn org nowrap&quot; |Middleton
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |[[File:Holy_Trinity_church,_Middleton-in-Chirbury_-_geograph.org.uk_-_654284.jpg|240x240px]]&lt;div&gt;Triniti Mai Tsarki a Ikilisiyar Middleton-in-Chirbury&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Location map/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:240px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:240px&quot;&gt;[[File:Shropshire_UK_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|261x261px|Middleton is located in Shropshire]]&lt;div class=&quot;od notheme&quot; style=&quot;top:58.816%;left:18.261%;font-size:91%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;id&quot; style=&quot;left:-3px;top:-3px&quot;&gt;[[File:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Middleton]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pr&quot; style=&quot;width:6em;left:4px&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Middleton&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;Yanayi a cikin Shropshire&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Bayanan grid na OS&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;span class=&quot;nourlexpansion&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap&quot;&gt;[http://streetmap.co.uk/grid/329500_298900_120 SO295989]&lt;/span&gt;
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ikilisiyar jama'a
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Chirbury tare da Brompton
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ikon hadin kai&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar bikin&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yankin
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Yammacin Midlands
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow adr&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kasar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;span class=&quot;country-name&quot;&gt;[[Ingila]]&lt;/span&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[Jerin kasashen|Kasar da ke da iko&amp;nbsp;]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Ƙasar Ingila
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Garin gidan waya
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Gidan Gida
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar Postcode&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |SY15
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Lambar kira&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |01938
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow infobox-hiddenrow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |'Yan sanda
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Yammacin Mercia
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Wutar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Shropshire
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ambulance
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Yammacin Midlands
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Majalisar dokokin Burtaniya&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Ludlow
&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-below noprint nowrap&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Hlist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot;&gt;
; &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Nobold/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nobold&quot;&gt;Jerin wurare&lt;/span&gt;
: Burtaniya
: Ingila
: Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-inline&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Middleton_(near_Chirbury)&amp;params=52.583_N_3.04_W_region:GB_type:city &lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;52°34′59′′N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;3°02′24′′W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;/&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;52.583°N 3.040°W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;﻿ / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;52.583; -3.040&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;indicator name=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: {{#parsoid�fragment:15}}&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Middleton_(near_Chirbury)&amp;params=52.583_N_3.04_W_region:GB_type:city &lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;52°34′59″N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;3°02′24″W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &amp;#xfeff;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;52.583°N 3.040°W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;52.583; -3.040&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/indicator&gt;
|}
'''Middleton''' wani yanki ne da aka warwatsa a Shropshire tare da ɗakin sujada (Trinity Mai Tsarki)&lt;ref name=&quot;middleton2&quot;&gt;[http://www.achurchnearyou.com/middleton-in-chirbury-holy-trinity/ A Church Near You] Middleton-in-Chirbury&lt;/ref&gt;  da kuma tsohon makarantar. Ya taɓa zama mafi yawan jama'a amma ya shiga raguwa da zarar hakar ma'adinalta ƙare a yankin. Tana cikin cocin farar hula na Chirbury tare da Brompton, a yammacin gundumar.

Middleton wani yanki ne na Ikklisiya a cikin wannan Ikklisiya, yana dawo da 'yan majalisa 3.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.lgbce.org.uk/__documents/lgbce/research/parish-orders/south-shropshire-parishes-order-1987.pdf South Shropshire Parishes Order 1987] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928062334/http://www.lgbce.org.uk/__documents/lgbce/research/parish-orders/south-shropshire-parishes-order-1987.pdf|date=2013-09-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; A tarihi gari ne na ɗari na Chirbury . Ikklisiya cocin an san ta da '''Middleton-in-Chirbury''' '''.'''&lt;ref name=&quot;middleton3&quot;&gt;[http://www.achurchnearyou.com/middleton-in-chirbury-holy-trinity/ A Church Near You] Middleton-in-Chirbury&lt;/ref&gt; 

A arewa shine ƙauyen Rorrington, a kudu karamin ƙauyen Priest Weston, duka biyu kuma a cikin Ikklisiya na Chirbury tare da Brompton.

== Dubi kuma ==

* Gine-gine da aka jera a Chirbury tare da Brompton

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
      <sha1>pvj8c1kpj5w0k5csb6uste27lg8ihk1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kyahan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179641</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969658</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T19:02:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Muhdavdullahi</username>
        <id>32668</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355741209|Kyahan]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>969658</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1522" sha1="b71cwz36z1j1dyy00h8db5vus6kts70" xml:space="preserve">
Kyahan ((脚絆き!!はん)) tufafi ne da samurai da masu riƙe da su suka sa a cikin Japan.[1] A cikin Jafananci, ana amfani da kalmar don waƙoƙin sojoji na Yamma.

== Bayyanawa ==
Ana sanya *kyahan* a matsayin abin lallafawa a ƙarƙashin kayan kariya na ƙafafu (*suneate*) da samurai ke amfani da su. Wasu nau'ikan *kyahan* na iya kasancewa a rufe da sulke na sarƙoƙin ƙarfe (*kusari kyahan* ko *kyahan suneate*); sojojin ƙasa (*ashigaru*) ko samurai ne ke amfani da irin waɗannan domin kariya.[1] Haka kuma, matafiya na yau da kullum kan sanya *kyahan* domin kare kansu daga sanyi, kwari, da ciyayi masu kaifi ko ƙaya..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Murray (Firm) |first=John |last2=Chamberlain |first2=Basil Hall |last3=Mason |first3=W. B. |date=October 23, 1894 |title=A Handbook for Travellers in Japan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FJZFAAAAIAAJ&amp;q=japanese+kyahan&amp;pg=PA9 |publisher=J. Murray |via=Google Books}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yawanci ana yin *kyahan* ne da yadi irin na *linen*, amma ana amfani da wasu kayan aikin kuma, kamar auduga. Nau'in *kyahan* da ake amfani da shi ya danganta da yanayin lokaci. A yayin da ake daure *kyahan*, igiyoyin da ke ciki sukan kasance gajeru idan aka kwatanta da na waje; kuma galibi ana daure igiyoyin ne a ɓangaren ciki na kafafu—ba a gaba ko a waje ba—domin gudun kada su haifar da rashin jin daɗi a lokacin da aka sanya kayan kariya masu tauri a kan *kyahan* ɗin.

== Dubi kuma ==

* {{Transl|ja|[[Suneate]]}}
* Jerin abubuwan da aka saba sawa a Japan

== Manazarta ==</text>
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{{Databox}}

Kyahan ((脚絆き!!はん)) tufafi ne da samurai da masu riƙe da su suka sa a cikin Japan.[1] A cikin Jafananci, ana amfani da kalmar don waƙoƙin sojoji na Yamma.

== Bayyanawa ==
Ana sanya *kyahan* a matsayin abin lallafawa a ƙarƙashin kayan kariya na ƙafafu (*suneate*) da samurai ke amfani da su. Wasu nau'ikan *kyahan* na iya kasancewa a rufe da sulke na sarƙoƙin ƙarfe (*kusari kyahan* ko *kyahan suneate*); sojojin ƙasa (*ashigaru*) ko samurai ne ke amfani da irin waɗannan domin kariya.[1] Haka kuma, matafiya na yau da kullum kan sanya *kyahan* domin kare kansu daga sanyi, kwari, da ciyayi masu kaifi ko ƙaya..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Murray (Firm) |first=John |last2=Chamberlain |first2=Basil Hall |last3=Mason |first3=W. B. |date=October 23, 1894 |title=A Handbook for Travellers in Japan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FJZFAAAAIAAJ&amp;q=japanese+kyahan&amp;pg=PA9 |publisher=J. Murray |via=Google Books}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yawanci ana yin *kyahan* ne da yadi irin na *linen*, amma ana amfani da wasu kayan aikin kuma, kamar auduga. Nau'in *kyahan* da ake amfani da shi ya danganta da yanayin lokaci. A yayin da ake daure *kyahan*, igiyoyin da ke ciki sukan kasance gajeru idan aka kwatanta da na waje; kuma galibi ana daure igiyoyin ne a ɓangaren ciki na kafafu—ba a gaba ko a waje ba—domin gudun kada su haifar da rashin jin daɗi a lokacin da aka sanya kayan kariya masu tauri a kan *kyahan* ɗin.

== Dubi kuma ==

* {{Transl|ja|[[Suneate]]}}
* Jerin abubuwan da aka saba sawa a Japan

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Shōninki</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1308651899|Shōninki]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Shōninki''' (Japanese 正 忍 記) takarda ce ta ninja ta zamani daga lardin Kishū . 

Natori Masatake ne ya rubuta shi a cikin 1681 ya bayyana dabarun leken asiri na shinobi daga Kishū. Tare da Bansenshukai da Ninpiden yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan rubuce-rubuce uku na ninja. Wani kwafin asali na Shōninki yana cikin ɗakin karatu na Jihar [[Tokyo]].

== Abinda ke ciki ==
Shōninki ya kasu kashi biyu (Jo), naɗaɗɗun littattafai guda uku (Shomaki, Chumaki, Gemaki) da kuma rubutun (Okusho). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ron |first=Roy |title=Shōninki |url=http://www.ninpo.org/historicalrecords/shnnkmkrk.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130506124542/http://www.ninpo.org/historicalrecords/shnnkmkrk.htm |archive-date=6 May 2013 |access-date=7 May 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin gabatarwar, marubucin ya tattauna nau'ikan 'yan leƙen asiri daban-daban da ka'idodin leken asiri.

Littafin farko yana magana ne game da ƙwarewar asali, kamar ɓoyewa da ɓoyewa, gyaran gida da tattara bayanai. Sashe na biyu yana magana ne game da karewa daga 'yan leƙen asirin abokan gaba, Yanayin ɗan adam, bayyanar mutum, ganewa da kuma haifar da ainihin niyyar mutane da kuma sanya hanyoyin ƙarya da alamomi. Littafin karshe ya shafi yanayin motsin zuciyar mutum da na wasu mutane (ciki har da godai).

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Shōninki''' (Japanese 正 忍 記) takarda ce ta ninja ta zamani daga lardin Kishū . 

Natori Masatake ne ya rubuta shi a cikin 1681 ya bayyana dabarun leken asiri na shinobi daga Kishū. Tare da Bansenshukai da Ninpiden yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan rubuce-rubuce uku na ninja. Wani kwafin asali na Shōninki yana cikin ɗakin karatu na Jihar [[Tokyo]].

== Abinda ke ciki ==
Shōninki ya kasu kashi biyu (Jo), naɗaɗɗun littattafai guda uku (Shomaki, Chumaki, Gemaki) da kuma rubutun (Okusho). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ron |first=Roy |title=Shōninki |url=http://www.ninpo.org/historicalrecords/shnnkmkrk.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130506124542/http://www.ninpo.org/historicalrecords/shnnkmkrk.htm |archive-date=6 May 2013 |access-date=7 May 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin gabatarwar, marubucin ya tattauna nau'ikan 'yan leƙen asiri daban-daban da ka'idodin leken asiri.

Littafin farko yana magana ne game da ƙwarewar asali, kamar ɓoyewa da ɓoyewa, gyaran gida da tattara bayanai. Sashe na biyu yana magana ne game da karewa daga 'yan leƙen asirin abokan gaba, Yanayin ɗan adam, bayyanar mutum, ganewa da kuma haifar da ainihin niyyar mutane da kuma sanya hanyoyin ƙarya da alamomi. Littafin karshe ya shafi yanayin motsin zuciyar mutum da na wasu mutane (ciki har da godai).

== Manazarta ==</text>
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'''Shōninki''' (Japanese 正 忍 記) takarda ce ta ninja ta zamani daga lardin Kishū . 

Natori Masatake ne ya rubuta shi a cikin shekarar alif 1681 ya bayyana dabarun leken asiri na shinobi daga Kishū. Tare da Bansenshukai da Ninpiden yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan rubuce-rubuce uku na ninja. Wani kwafin asali na Shōninki yana cikin ɗakin karatu na Jihar [[Tokyo]].

== Abinda ke ciki ==
Shōninki ya kasu kashi biyu (Jo), naɗaɗɗun littattafai guda uku (Shomaki, Chumaki, Gemaki) da kuma rubutun (Okusho). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ron |first=Roy |title=Shōninki |url=http://www.ninpo.org/historicalrecords/shnnkmkrk.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130506124542/http://www.ninpo.org/historicalrecords/shnnkmkrk.htm |archive-date=6 May 2013 |access-date=7 May 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin gabatarwar, marubucin ya tattauna nau'ikan 'yan leƙen asiri daban-daban da ka'idodin leken asiri.

Littafin farko yana magana ne game da ƙwarewar asali, kamar ɓoyewa da ɓoyewa, gyaran gida da tattara bayanai. Sashe na biyu yana magana ne game da karewa daga 'yan leƙen asirin abokan gaba, Yanayin ɗan adam, bayyanar mutum, ganewa da kuma haifar da ainihin niyyar mutane da kuma sanya hanyoyin ƙarya da alamomi. Littafin karshe ya shafi yanayin motsin zuciyar mutum da na wasu mutane (ciki har da godai).

== Manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Esther Mwikali</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353500262|Esther Mwikali]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Esther Mwikali''' ((ta rasu a watan Agusta na shekarar 2019) mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mallakar filaye ce daga ƙasar Kenya.

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Mwikali dan gwagwarmayar kare hakkin ƙasa ne na Kenya, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Esther Mwikali Wambua |url=https://hrdmemorial.org/hrdrecord/esther-mwikali-wambua/ |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Human Rights Defenders (HRDs) Memorial |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; wanda ya yi kamfen tare da kungiyoyin farar hula don kare hakkin mutanen da ake kira squatters bayan kasuwancin sun sami ƙasar da suka mamaye. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Women’s land rights activists' footprints: fighting erasure, defending communal land rights. |url=https://www.awid.org/news-and-analysis/womens-land-rights-activists-footprints-fighting-erasure-defending-communal-land |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Association for Women's Rights in Development (AWID)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mwikali ta ɓace a ranar 25 ga watan Agusta 2019, wanda aka lura lokacin da ta kasa halartar taron ƙauyen.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; A ranar 27 ga watan Agustan 2019, an gano gawar Mwikali a wani gona kusa da gidanta a Mithini, Murang'a County, Kenya, tana nuna alamun azabtarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gikandi |first=Boniface |title=Probe on after land activist is found dead |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/central/article/2001340038/land-rights-activist-found-dead |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=The Standard |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Esther Mwikali |url=https://www.awid.org/whrd/esther-mwikali |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Association for Women's Rights in Development (AWID)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Defending the defenders of land rights and ecosystems |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/realtime/2021-11-30-defending-the-defenders-of-land-rights-and-ecosystems |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=The Star |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2019]]</text>
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'''Esther Mwikali''' (ta rasu a watan Agusta na shekarar 2019) mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mallakar filaye ce daga ƙasar Kenya.

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Mwikali dan gwagwarmayar kare hakkin ƙasa ne na Kenya, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Esther Mwikali Wambua |url=https://hrdmemorial.org/hrdrecord/esther-mwikali-wambua/ |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Human Rights Defenders (HRDs) Memorial |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; wanda ya yi kamfen tare da kungiyoyin farar hula don kare hakkin mutanen da ake kira squatters bayan kasuwancin sun sami ƙasar da suka mamaye. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Women’s land rights activists' footprints: fighting erasure, defending communal land rights. |url=https://www.awid.org/news-and-analysis/womens-land-rights-activists-footprints-fighting-erasure-defending-communal-land |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Association for Women's Rights in Development (AWID)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mwikali ta ɓace a ranar 25 ga watan Agusta 2019, wanda aka lura lokacin da ta kasa halartar taron ƙauyen.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; A ranar 27 ga watan Agustan 2019, an gano gawar Mwikali a wani gona kusa da gidanta a Mithini, Murang'a County, Kenya, tana nuna alamun azabtarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gikandi |first=Boniface |title=Probe on after land activist is found dead |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/central/article/2001340038/land-rights-activist-found-dead |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=The Standard |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Esther Mwikali |url=https://www.awid.org/whrd/esther-mwikali |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Association for Women's Rights in Development (AWID)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Defending the defenders of land rights and ecosystems |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/realtime/2021-11-30-defending-the-defenders-of-land-rights-and-ecosystems |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=The Star |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2019]]</text>
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'''Esther Mwikali''' (ta rasu a watan Agusta na shekarar 2019) mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mallakar filaye ce daga ƙasar Kenya.

== Tarihin rayuwa ==
Mwikali dan gwagwarmayar kare hakkin ƙasa ne na Kenya, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Esther Mwikali Wambua |url=https://hrdmemorial.org/hrdrecord/esther-mwikali-wambua/ |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Human Rights Defenders (HRDs) Memorial |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; wanda ya yi kamfen tare da kungiyoyin farar hula don kare hakkin mutanen da ake kira squatters bayan kasuwancin sun sami ƙasar da suka mamaye. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Women’s land rights activists' footprints: fighting erasure, defending communal land rights. |url=https://www.awid.org/news-and-analysis/womens-land-rights-activists-footprints-fighting-erasure-defending-communal-land |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Association for Women's Rights in Development (AWID)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mwikali ta ɓace a ranar 25 ga watan Agusta a shekara ta 2019, wanda aka lura lokacin da ta kasa halartar taron ƙauyen.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; A ranar 27 ga watan Agustan 2019, an gano gawar Mwikali a wani gona kusa da gidanta a Mithini, Murang'a County, Kenya, tana nuna alamun azabtarwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gikandi |first=Boniface |title=Probe on after land activist is found dead |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/central/article/2001340038/land-rights-activist-found-dead |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=The Standard |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Esther Mwikali |url=https://www.awid.org/whrd/esther-mwikali |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Association for Women's Rights in Development (AWID)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Defending the defenders of land rights and ecosystems |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/realtime/2021-11-30-defending-the-defenders-of-land-rights-and-ecosystems |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=The Star |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2019]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wollaston, Shropshire</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359023719|Wollaston, Shropshire]]&quot;</comment>
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{| class=&quot;infobox ib-uk-place vcard&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above fn org nowrap&quot; |Wollaston
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |[[File:St._John_the_Baptist_at_Wollaston_-_geograph.org.uk_-_537639.jpg|240x240px]]&lt;div&gt;Cocin St. John the Baptist a Wollaston&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Location map/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:240px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:240px&quot;&gt;[[File:Shropshire_UK_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|261x261px|Wollaston is located in Shropshire]]&lt;div class=&quot;od notheme&quot; style=&quot;top:42.895%;left:22.261%;font-size:91%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;id&quot; style=&quot;left:-3px;top:-3px&quot;&gt;[[File:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Wollaston]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pr&quot; style=&quot;width:6em;left:4px&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Wollaston&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;Yanayi a cikin Shropshire&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yawan jama'a
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |202 (ƙidayar jama'a ta 2011) &amp;nbsp;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Bayanan grid na OS&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;span class=&quot;nourlexpansion&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap&quot;&gt;[http://streetmap.co.uk/grid/332800_312300_120 SJ328123]&lt;/span&gt;
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ikilisiyar jama'a
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Alberbury tare da Cardeston
* Yammacin Yamma
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ikon hadin kai&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar bikin&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yankin
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Yammacin Midlands
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow adr&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kasar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;span class=&quot;country-name&quot;&gt;[[Ingila]]&lt;/span&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[Jerin kasashen|Kasar da ke da iko&amp;nbsp;]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Ƙasar Ingila
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Garin gidan waya
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |SHREWSBURY
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar Postcode&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |SY5
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Lambar kira&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |01743
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow infobox-hiddenrow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |'Yan sanda
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Yammacin Mercia
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Wutar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Shropshire
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ambulance
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Yammacin Midlands
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Majalisar dokokin Burtaniya&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* [[Shrewsbury (mazabar majalisar dokokin Burtaniya)|Shrewsbury da Atcham]]
&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-below noprint nowrap&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Hlist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot;&gt;
; &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Nobold/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nobold&quot;&gt;Jerin wurare&lt;/span&gt;
: Burtaniya
: Ingila
: Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-inline&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wollaston,_Shropshire&amp;params=52.704_N_2.994_W_region:GB_type:city(202) &lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;52°42′14′′N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;2°59′38′′W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;/&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;52.704°N 2.994°W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;﻿ / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;52.704; -2.994&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;indicator name=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: {{#parsoid�fragment:15}}&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wollaston,_Shropshire&amp;params=52.704_N_2.994_W_region:GB_type:city(202) &lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;52°42′14″N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;2°59′38″W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &amp;#xfeff;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;52.704°N 2.994°W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;52.704; -2.994&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/indicator&gt;
|}
'''Wollaston''' ƙaramin ƙauye ne kuma tsohuwar Ikklisiya ce, yanzu a cikin Ikklisiya ta Alberbury tare da Cardeston, a cikin gundumar Shropshire, a cikin bikin na Shropshire , Ingila, kawai kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na mil daga iyakar Welsh. A shekara ta 2001 Ikklisiya tana da yawan mutane 202.

Wollaston ta kasance a cikin Ikklisiya na Alberbury, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History of Wollaston, in Shrewsbury and Atcham and Shropshire |url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/place/10533 |access-date=9 June 2023 |publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time}}&lt;/ref&gt; daga 1866 Wollaston Ikklisiya ce ta farar hula a cikin haƙƙinta, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Relationships and changes Wollaston Ch/CP through time |url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10367724 |access-date=9 June 2023 |publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time}}&lt;/ref&gt; a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2005 an soke Ikklisiya. Yankin arewacin layin jirgin kasa na Cambrian, gami da ƙauyen Wollaston, an haɗa shi da Alberbury tare da Cardeston; Winnington, yankin kudu da layin, an haɗa su da Westbury.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shrewsbury Registration District |url=https://www.ukbmd.org.uk/reg/districts/shrewsbury.html |access-date=9 June 2023 |publisher=UKBMD}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An yi imanin cewa an haifi Tsohon Tom Parr a cikin, ko kusa, zuwa ƙauyen Winnington a The Glyn, bisa ga rubutun a kan takardar tagulla a cikin coci.

Akwai wata fitila ta musamman (beacon) a nan, kusa da cocin, wadda ake kunna ta idan aka samu mamayar ƙasar daga Wales. (Ba a bayar da hujjar da ta tabbatar da wannan bayani ba.)

A yammacin cocin kai tsaye, akwai ragowar katangar Wollaston Castle da aka gina da ƙasa. 

Rabin mil kudu maso gabas kusa da Bretchel shine shafin yanar gizon ƙaramin gidan Norman da aka sani da The Beacon .

A baya Tashar jirgin kasa ta Plas-y-Court Halt a kan Cambrian Line ta yi aiki.

== Dubi kuma ==

* Gine-gine da aka jera a Alberbury tare da Cardeston

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
      <sha1>8es8dqmfc91cvz75wt9a4jqyupqznvs</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969830</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:50:29Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
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{| class=&quot;infobox ib-uk-place vcard&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above fn org nowrap&quot; |Wollaston
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |[[File:St._John_the_Baptist_at_Wollaston_-_geograph.org.uk_-_537639.jpg|240x240px]]&lt;div&gt;Cocin St. John the Baptist a Wollaston&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Location map/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:240px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:240px&quot;&gt;[[File:Shropshire_UK_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|261x261px|Wollaston is located in Shropshire]]&lt;div class=&quot;od notheme&quot; style=&quot;top:42.895%;left:22.261%;font-size:91%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;id&quot; style=&quot;left:-3px;top:-3px&quot;&gt;[[File:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Wollaston]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pr&quot; style=&quot;width:6em;left:4px&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Wollaston&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;Yanayi a cikin Shropshire&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yawan jama'a
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |202 (ƙidayar jama'a ta 2011) &amp;nbsp;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Bayanan grid na OS&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;span class=&quot;nourlexpansion&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap&quot;&gt;[http://streetmap.co.uk/grid/332800_312300_120 SJ328123]&lt;/span&gt;
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ikilisiyar jama'a
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Alberbury tare da Cardeston
* Yammacin Yamma
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ikon hadin kai&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar bikin&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Yankin
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* Yammacin Midlands
&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow adr&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Kasar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;span class=&quot;country-name&quot;&gt;[[Ingila]]&lt;/span&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[Jerin kasashen|Kasar da ke da iko&amp;nbsp;]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Ƙasar Ingila
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Garin gidan waya
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |SHREWSBURY
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Gundumar Postcode&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |SY5
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Lambar kira&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |01743
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow infobox-hiddenrow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |'Yan sanda
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Yammacin Mercia
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Wutar
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Shropshire
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ambulance
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Yammacin Midlands
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Majalisar dokokin Burtaniya&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
* [[Shrewsbury (mazabar majalisar dokokin Burtaniya)|Shrewsbury da Atcham]]
&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-below noprint nowrap&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Hlist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;hlist&quot;&gt;
; &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Nobold/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nobold&quot;&gt;Jerin wurare&lt;/span&gt;
: Burtaniya
: Ingila
: Shropshire
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-inline&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wollaston,_Shropshire&amp;params=52.704_N_2.994_W_region:GB_type:city(202) &lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;52°42′14′′N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;2°59′38′′W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;/&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x68;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x75;&amp;#x5F;&amp;#x5F;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;52.704°N 2.994°W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;﻿ / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;52.704; -2.994&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;indicator name=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: {{#parsoid�fragment:15}}&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wollaston,_Shropshire&amp;params=52.704_N_2.994_W_region:GB_type:city(202) &lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;52°42′14″N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;2°59′38″W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &amp;#xfeff;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;52.704°N 2.994°W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;52.704; -2.994&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/indicator&gt;
|}
'''Wollaston''' ƙaramin ƙauye ne kuma tsohuwar Ikklisiya ce, yanzu a cikin Ikklisiya ta Alberbury tare da Cardeston, a cikin gundumar Shropshire, a cikin bikin na Shropshire , Ingila, kawai kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na mil daga iyakar Welsh. A shekara ta 2001 Ikklisiya tana da yawan mutane (202).

Wollaston ta kasance a cikin Ikklisiya na Alberbury, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=History of Wollaston, in Shrewsbury and Atcham and Shropshire |url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/place/10533 |access-date=9 June 2023 |publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time}}&lt;/ref&gt; daga 1866 Wollaston Ikklisiya ce ta farar hula a cikin haƙƙinta, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Relationships and changes Wollaston Ch/CP through time |url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10367724 |access-date=9 June 2023 |publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time}}&lt;/ref&gt; a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2005 an soke Ikklisiya. Yankin arewacin layin jirgin kasa na Cambrian, gami da ƙauyen Wollaston, an haɗa shi da Alberbury tare da Cardeston; Winnington, yankin kudu da layin, an haɗa su da Westbury.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shrewsbury Registration District |url=https://www.ukbmd.org.uk/reg/districts/shrewsbury.html |access-date=9 June 2023 |publisher=UKBMD}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An yi imanin cewa an haifi Tsohon Tom Parr a cikin, ko kusa, zuwa ƙauyen Winnington a The Glyn, bisa ga rubutun a kan takardar tagulla a cikin coci.

Akwai wata fitila ta musamman (beacon) a nan, kusa da cocin, wadda ake kunna ta idan aka samu mamayar ƙasar daga Wales. (Ba a bayar da hujjar da ta tabbatar da wannan bayani ba.)

A yammacin cocin kai tsaye, akwai ragowar katangar Wollaston Castle da aka gina da ƙasa. 

Rabin mil kudu maso gabas kusa da Bretchel shine shafin yanar gizon ƙaramin gidan Norman da aka sani da The Beacon .

A baya Tashar jirgin kasa ta Plas-y-Court Halt a kan Cambrian Line ta yi aiki.

== Dubi kuma ==

* Gine-gine da aka jera a Alberbury tare da Cardeston

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
      <sha1>ablh6g6sao895v7s5x98e0931pundj3</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Diocese na Suffragan</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-19T19:45:12Z</timestamp>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369479716|Suffragan diocese]]&quot;</comment>
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'''diocese na sufragán''' yana daya daga cikin dioceses ban da babban diocese wanda ya zama lardin coci. Ya wanzu a wasu addinan Kirista, musamman [[Cocin katolika|Cocin Katolika]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Payne |first=Daniel |date=2026-01-12 |title=How the Catholic Church Creates Dioceses and Archdioceses |url=https://ewtnvatican.com/articles/how-catholic-church-creates-dioceses-archdioceses |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=EWTN Vatican |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ikilisiyar Episcopal, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Boston Globe: Right Rev. Bud Cederholm, &quot;Green Bishop&quot; of Episcopal Diocese, dies at 79 {{!}} Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts |url=https://diomass.org/news/news/boston-globe-right-rev-bud-cederholm-green-bishop-episcopal-diocese-dies-79 |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=diomass.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ikilisiyar Orthodox ta Coptic ta Alexandria, da Ikilisiyar Ortodokse ta Romania. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Boboc |first=Alexandru |date=2025-01-11 |title=First Romanian Orthodox Bishop of Ireland and Iceland enthroned in Dublin: Patriarch Daniel’s official message |url=https://basilica.ro/en/first-romanian-orthodox-bishop-of-ireland-and-iceland-enthroned-in-dublin-patriarch-daniels-official-message/ |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=Basilica.ro |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin Cocin Katolika, duk da cewa ana gudanar da irin wannan diocese (yankin da ke ƙarƙashin ikon coci) ne ta hannun bishop ɗinta ko wani babban jami’in addini da ake kira ordinary, wanda shi ne bishop mai ƙarƙashin ikon babban bishop na yankin (suffragan bishop), babban bishop na yankin (metropolitan archbishop) yana da wasu haƙƙoƙi da wajibai na sa ido a kan wannan diocese.

Ba shi da ikon gudanar da harkokin mulki kai tsaye a cikin diocese ɗin da ke ƙarƙashinsa, amma yana da wasu ƙayyadaddun haƙƙoƙi da wajibai na shiga tsakani a wasu lokuta, musamman idan hukumomin diocese ɗin suka yi sakaci wajen gudanar da ayyukansu.

== Dubi kuma ==
 

* Bishop mai suna Suffragan
* Bishop na Suffragan a Turai (wani lakabi a cikin Cocin Ingila) 
* Jerin manyan cocin Katolika (bisa ga ƙasa da nahiyar) 
* Jerin diocese na Katolika (haruffa) (ciki har da archdioceses) 
* Jerin diocese na Katolika (bayani mai tsari)  (ciki har da archdioceses) 

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>969827</id>
      <parentid>969669</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:46:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
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'''diocese na sufragán''' yana daya daga cikin dioceses ban da babban diocese wanda ya zama lardin coci. Ya wanzu a wasu addinan Kirista, musamman [[Cocin katolika|Cocin Katolika]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Payne |first=Daniel |date=2026-01-12 |title=How the Catholic Church Creates Dioceses and Archdioceses |url=https://ewtnvatican.com/articles/how-catholic-church-creates-dioceses-archdioceses |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=EWTN Vatican |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ikilisiyar Episcopal, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Boston Globe: Right Rev. Bud Cederholm, &quot;Green Bishop&quot; of Episcopal Diocese, dies at 79 {{!}} Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts |url=https://diomass.org/news/news/boston-globe-right-rev-bud-cederholm-green-bishop-episcopal-diocese-dies-79 |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=diomass.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ikilisiyar Orthodox ta Coptic ta Alexandria, da Ikilisiyar Ortodokse ta Romania. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Boboc |first=Alexandru |date=2025-01-11 |title=First Romanian Orthodox Bishop of Ireland and Iceland enthroned in Dublin: Patriarch Daniel’s official message |url=https://basilica.ro/en/first-romanian-orthodox-bishop-of-ireland-and-iceland-enthroned-in-dublin-patriarch-daniels-official-message/ |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=Basilica.ro |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin Cocin Katolika, duk da cewa ana gudanar da irin wannan {{diocese}} (yankin da ke ƙarƙashin ikon coci) ne ta hannun bishop ɗinta ko wani babban jami’in addini da ake kira ordinary, wanda shi ne bishop mai ƙarƙashin ikon babban bishop na yankin (suffragan bishop), babban bishop na yankin (metropolitan archbishop) yana da wasu haƙƙoƙi da wajibai na sa ido a kan wannan diocese.

Ba shi da ikon gudanar da harkokin mulki kai tsaye a cikin diocese ɗin da ke ƙarƙashinsa, amma yana da wasu ƙayyadaddun haƙƙoƙi da wajibai na shiga tsakani a wasu lokuta, musamman idan hukumomin diocese ɗin suka yi sakaci wajen gudanar da ayyukansu.

== Dubi kuma ==
 

* Bishop mai suna Suffragan
* Bishop na Suffragan a Turai (wani lakabi a cikin Cocin Ingila) 
* Jerin manyan cocin Katolika (bisa ga ƙasa da nahiyar) 
* Jerin diocese na Katolika (haruffa) (ciki har da archdioceses) 
* Jerin diocese na Katolika (bayani mai tsari)  (ciki har da archdioceses) 

== Bayanan da aka ambata ==</text>
      <sha1>2zaoltvwbs8mwuo1zsp2ice90fkyb36</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Alpha Beta Delta Lambda</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179646</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969676</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:23:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969676</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1219" sha1="aiu6hn2pnkqh5yzv89gu12lcbaiuu4w" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Alpha Beta Delta Lambda! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Alpha Beta Delta Lambda|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>aiu6hn2pnkqh5yzv89gu12lcbaiuu4w</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Julitte daisy</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179647</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969677</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:23:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969677</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1199" sha1="b0f7t16cthvm3d5h1x46b94mvy82ms2" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Julitte daisy! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Julitte daisy|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>b0f7t16cthvm3d5h1x46b94mvy82ms2</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Jishara</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179648</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969678</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:23:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969678</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1187" sha1="qnm21fmme69jg2i1rswju9owaz6l9m4" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Jishara! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Jishara|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>qnm21fmme69jg2i1rswju9owaz6l9m4</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:خالد وليد محمد</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179649</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969679</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:23:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969679</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1225" sha1="glz5xv9uvseiewrq91yr55sgyez0n7n" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, خالد وليد محمد! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/خالد وليد محمد|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>glz5xv9uvseiewrq91yr55sgyez0n7n</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Emzed002</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179650</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969680</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:24:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969680</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1189" sha1="9es109eens159cnr8mfw8uzx9m053vc" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Emzed002! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Emzed002|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>9es109eens159cnr8mfw8uzx9m053vc</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Paul Badman</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179651</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969681</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:24:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969681</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1195" sha1="j9pdm32xqqnw7rvifeenijmdhc4frq9" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Paul Badman! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Paul Badman|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>j9pdm32xqqnw7rvifeenijmdhc4frq9</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Sona Saribekian</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179652</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969682</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:24:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969682</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1203" sha1="dz3nbpm1cp55078y9idgn34oza6y5gx" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Sona Saribekian! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Sona Saribekian|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>dz3nbpm1cp55078y9idgn34oza6y5gx</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:KirillPakhomov</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179653</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969683</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:24:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969683</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1201" sha1="9czobtfgp0fic7whied3esuk8ouf732" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, KirillPakhomov! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/KirillPakhomov|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>9czobtfgp0fic7whied3esuk8ouf732</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Lemakjei</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179654</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969684</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:24:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969684</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1189" sha1="sum9jceecmoqwu722ijmufs8pzawxjm" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Lemakjei! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Lemakjei|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>sum9jceecmoqwu722ijmufs8pzawxjm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Ibrahim saminu abdullahi</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179655</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969685</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:24:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969685</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1221" sha1="d1jf3y7nrr5758afokhm49ninbwo7hi" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Ibrahim saminu abdullahi! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Ibrahim saminu abdullahi|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>d1jf3y7nrr5758afokhm49ninbwo7hi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:ThomasYehYeh</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179656</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969686</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:25:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969686</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1197" sha1="j2tuslxh2p0gmvsh9zvfd5u8lqz9kua" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, ThomasYehYeh! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/ThomasYehYeh|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>j2tuslxh2p0gmvsh9zvfd5u8lqz9kua</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Editorailshob</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179657</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969687</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:25:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969687</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1199" sha1="hbqa65ta78oqwpd77gayr3bc2ir46wt" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Editorailshob! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Editorailshob|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>hbqa65ta78oqwpd77gayr3bc2ir46wt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:QuickIan</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179658</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969688</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:25:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969688</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1189" sha1="4p342g3h7q84ifbcub74cvbl13fjnwr" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, QuickIan! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/QuickIan|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>4p342g3h7q84ifbcub74cvbl13fjnwr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Apcbg</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179659</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969689</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:25:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969689</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1183" sha1="97y3m9gaq2opuh8jtqs70urgskhhog2" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Apcbg! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Apcbg|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>97y3m9gaq2opuh8jtqs70urgskhhog2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Julia - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179660</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969690</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:25:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969690</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1261" sha1="itvsz671nbpik8v21nrjisfgw332fgh" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Julia - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Julia - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>itvsz671nbpik8v21nrjisfgw332fgh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Almustafa Ahmad</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179661</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969691</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:25:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969691</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1203" sha1="7pqs68eahkbz8675wpti924xucu9txy" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Almustafa Ahmad! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Almustafa Ahmad|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>7pqs68eahkbz8675wpti924xucu9txy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Momo.blhj2010</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179662</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969692</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:26:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969692</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1199" sha1="lkqj7ki0elx1ps3pjjy8usu0sc2t8b7" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Momo.blhj2010! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Momo.blhj2010|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>lkqj7ki0elx1ps3pjjy8usu0sc2t8b7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:King4852</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179663</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969693</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:26:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969693</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1189" sha1="emqgyngzgau6hyz84bj3hfvbkxbrrus" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, King4852! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/King4852|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>emqgyngzgau6hyz84bj3hfvbkxbrrus</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Hi, Ahmad</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179664</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969694</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:26:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969694</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
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== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Hi, Ahmad! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Hi, Ahmad|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>p8t2wlgzsm4uiyww1qg4ovf01u73o2w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Aisha Bature Gusau</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179665</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969695</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:26:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969695</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1209" sha1="g4l6m18i9t8dheci55u7sdk9n2cunao" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Aisha Bature Gusau! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Aisha Bature Gusau|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>g4l6m18i9t8dheci55u7sdk9n2cunao</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Lrangara</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179666</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969696</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:26:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969696</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1189" sha1="gtslz15t2dolun0sr0v6r551zv9tcpe" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Lrangara! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Lrangara|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>gtslz15t2dolun0sr0v6r551zv9tcpe</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Averherbs</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179667</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969697</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:26:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969697</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1191" sha1="6ct4ppsxuzm6ydfptva5gn33c1ebzam" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Averherbs! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Averherbs|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>6ct4ppsxuzm6ydfptva5gn33c1ebzam</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Abbabullet</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179668</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969698</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:27:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969698</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1193" sha1="ltbavsmzxhpenutxlmxbm9qzfkgz5ep" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Abbabullet! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Abbabullet|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>ltbavsmzxhpenutxlmxbm9qzfkgz5ep</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tattaunawar user:Psi-Lord</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>179669</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969699</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:27:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AmmarBot</username>
        <id>13973</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Barka da zuwa!</comment>
      <origin>969699</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1189" sha1="mruarovkkdcv5v8z061hatkqybg5zdy" xml:space="preserve">
== Barka da zuwa! ==
Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba.
[[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]]
Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Psi-Lord! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Psi-Lord|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta:
* [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]]
* [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]]
* [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]]
* [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]]

Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (&lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 19 Oktoba 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>mruarovkkdcv5v8z061hatkqybg5zdy</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hanga Abbey</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179670</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969704</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:38:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Najaatuhd</username>
        <id>25547</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kirkira shafi</comment>
      <origin>969704</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="610" sha1="agbixn21bazbgfuu307gc03wnztbud3" xml:space="preserve">Gidan sufi na St. Maurus da St. Placidus, wanda ke yankin Hanga a lardin Ruvuma, gida ne na mabiya tsarin rayuwar sufi na Benedictine a ƙasar Tanzaniya, kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar 'Missionary Benedictines' ta Saint Ottilien. An kafa gidan sufin a shekarar 1956 ta hannun Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess, a matsayin cibiyar horar da 'yan Afirka da ke son shiga rayuwar sufi; a halin yanzu, gidan yana da maza sufi guda 122. Gidan sufin yana gudanar da makarantu da kuma cibiyar bayar da magani ga mazauna ƙauyen da ke kusa, sannan yana da makarantar horar da limaman cocin Katolika na Archdiocese na Songea.</text>
      <sha1>agbixn21bazbgfuu307gc03wnztbud3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969705</id>
      <parentid>969704</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:39:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Najaatuhd</username>
        <id>25547</id>
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      <origin>969705</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="624" sha1="nxy2snndbol3oyoyb2llqqdgjrbk1ye" xml:space="preserve">Gidan sufi na St. Maurus da St. Placidus, wanda ke yankin Hanga a lardin Ruvuma, gida ne na mabiya tsarin rayuwar sufi na Benedictine a ƙasar Tanzaniya, kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar 'Missionary Benedictines' ta Saint Ottilien. An kafa gidan sufin a shekarar 1956 ta hannun Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess, a matsayin cibiyar horar da 'yan Afirka da ke son shiga rayuwar sufi; a halin yanzu, gidan yana da maza sufi guda 122. Gidan sufin yana gudanar da makarantu da kuma cibiyar bayar da magani ga mazauna ƙauyen da ke kusa, sannan yana da makarantar horar da limaman cocin Katolika na Archdiocese na Songea.


'''Asali'''</text>
      <sha1>nxy2snndbol3oyoyb2llqqdgjrbk1ye</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969706</id>
      <parentid>969705</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:40:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Najaatuhd</username>
        <id>25547</id>
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      <origin>969706</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1549" sha1="i3pak7o6d7p244itq1htwb4n744tjlt" xml:space="preserve">Gidan sufi na St. Maurus da St. Placidus, wanda ke yankin Hanga a lardin Ruvuma, gida ne na mabiya tsarin rayuwar sufi na Benedictine a ƙasar Tanzaniya, kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar 'Missionary Benedictines' ta Saint Ottilien. An kafa gidan sufin a shekarar 1956 ta hannun Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess, a matsayin cibiyar horar da 'yan Afirka da ke son shiga rayuwar sufi; a halin yanzu, gidan yana da maza sufi guda 122. Gidan sufin yana gudanar da makarantu da kuma cibiyar bayar da magani ga mazauna ƙauyen da ke kusa, sannan yana da makarantar horar da limaman cocin Katolika na Archdiocese na Songea.


'''Asali'''


Tun farkon lokacin da suka fara aiki a Gabashin Afirka ta Jamus, Benedictines na Mishan sun mayar da hankali ne kawai kan kafa Katolika na Roman a tsakanin al'ummomin Afirka. Aikin malaman addinin Kirista, waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙirƙirar cocin Katolika, makarantu, da asibitoci, bai ba da damar yin aiki tare wajen ɗaukar malaman addinin Kirista na Afirka ba. Duk da haka, wasu 'yan addinin Kirista na Mishan sun ɗauki matakin. Fr Severin Hofbauer, wanda ya ƙirƙiri ƙaramin makarantar sakandare a 1926, ya yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar waɗannan malaman addinin Kirista waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar rayuwar addinin Kirista. A shekarar 1948, magajin Hofbauer, Fr Otmar Morger, ya san samari da yawa da ke sha'awar shiga al'ummar addinin Kirista a Peramiho. Duk da haka, Archabbot Chrysostomus Schmid na Ikilisiya ya ƙi su wannan buƙatar, yana son 'yan Afirka su kafa nasu majami'u maimakon su zama Benedictines na Mishan.[1]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>969707</id>
      <parentid>969706</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:41:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Najaatuhd</username>
        <id>25547</id>
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      <origin>969707</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2700" sha1="tn59k2n0u7qeurqgc4im2ymml3h0vpu" xml:space="preserve">Gidan sufi na St. Maurus da St. Placidus, wanda ke yankin Hanga a lardin Ruvuma, gida ne na mabiya tsarin rayuwar sufi na Benedictine a ƙasar Tanzaniya, kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar 'Missionary Benedictines' ta Saint Ottilien. An kafa gidan sufin a shekarar 1956 ta hannun Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess, a matsayin cibiyar horar da 'yan Afirka da ke son shiga rayuwar sufi; a halin yanzu, gidan yana da maza sufi guda 122. Gidan sufin yana gudanar da makarantu da kuma cibiyar bayar da magani ga mazauna ƙauyen da ke kusa, sannan yana da makarantar horar da limaman cocin Katolika na Archdiocese na Songea.


'''Asali'''


Tun farkon lokacin da suka fara aiki a Gabashin Afirka ta Jamus, Benedictines na Mishan sun mayar da hankali ne kawai kan kafa Katolika na Roman a tsakanin al'ummomin Afirka. Aikin malaman addinin Kirista, waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙirƙirar cocin Katolika, makarantu, da asibitoci, bai ba da damar yin aiki tare wajen ɗaukar malaman addinin Kirista na Afirka ba. Duk da haka, wasu 'yan addinin Kirista na Mishan sun ɗauki matakin. Fr Severin Hofbauer, wanda ya ƙirƙiri ƙaramin makarantar sakandare a 1926, ya yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar waɗannan malaman addinin Kirista waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar rayuwar addinin Kirista. A shekarar 1948, magajin Hofbauer, Fr Otmar Morger, ya san samari da yawa da ke sha'awar shiga al'ummar addinin Kirista a Peramiho. Duk da haka, Archabbot Chrysostomus Schmid na Ikilisiya ya ƙi su wannan buƙatar, yana son 'yan Afirka su kafa nasu majami'u maimakon su zama Benedictines na Mishan.[1]

Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess ya nuna karɓuwa sosai ga sha'awar 'yan Afirka na son shiga Ƙungiyar Ottilien (Ottilien Congregation). Sai dai, ya fahimci cewa al'ummomin da ke wanzuwa a Tanzania, wato Ndanda Abbey da Peramiho Abbey—waɗanda suka ƙunshi Turawa kawai, musamman ma 'yan asalin Jamus—ba za su zama wurare mafi dacewa ba don horar da 'yan zuhudu na Afirka. Saboda haka, Spiess ya yanke shawarar kafa wata cibiya ta daban, wato gidan zuhudu da zai bai wa 'yan zuhudu na Afirka damar daidaita Dokokin St. Benedict (Rule of Benedict) don su dace da yanayin al'adunsu. Bisa la'akari da hakan, a shekarar 1956, ya kafa ƙungiyar mishaneri na tsarin Benedictine waɗanda za su zama masu horar da 'yan Afirka masu sha'awar shiga rayuwar zuhudu. A shekara ta gaba, an buɗe wani &quot;gidan zuhudu na Afirka&quot; a Liganga, Tanzania. Wannan sabuwar cibiya ta samu karɓuwa sosai har ta cika da mutane da yawa da ke son shiga, wanda hakan ya sa ba da daɗewa ba aka ƙaura da ita zuwa ƙauyen Hanga, a cikin Archdiocese na Katolika na Songea—wuri mai nisan kilomita 80 zuwa gabashin Peramiho Abbey, da kuma kilomita 70 zuwa arewacin garin Songea.[2]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>969708</id>
      <parentid>969707</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:42:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Najaatuhd</username>
        <id>25547</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>969708</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="3339" sha1="eliygauvunj81fpu2734ayym9kpk3kt" xml:space="preserve">Gidan sufi na St. Maurus da St. Placidus, wanda ke yankin Hanga a lardin Ruvuma, gida ne na mabiya tsarin rayuwar sufi na Benedictine a ƙasar Tanzaniya, kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar 'Missionary Benedictines' ta Saint Ottilien. An kafa gidan sufin a shekarar 1956 ta hannun Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess, a matsayin cibiyar horar da 'yan Afirka da ke son shiga rayuwar sufi; a halin yanzu, gidan yana da maza sufi guda 122. Gidan sufin yana gudanar da makarantu da kuma cibiyar bayar da magani ga mazauna ƙauyen da ke kusa, sannan yana da makarantar horar da limaman cocin Katolika na Archdiocese na Songea.


'''Asali'''


Tun farkon lokacin da suka fara aiki a Gabashin Afirka ta Jamus, Benedictines na Mishan sun mayar da hankali ne kawai kan kafa Katolika na Roman a tsakanin al'ummomin Afirka. Aikin malaman addinin Kirista, waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙirƙirar cocin Katolika, makarantu, da asibitoci, bai ba da damar yin aiki tare wajen ɗaukar malaman addinin Kirista na Afirka ba. Duk da haka, wasu 'yan addinin Kirista na Mishan sun ɗauki matakin. Fr Severin Hofbauer, wanda ya ƙirƙiri ƙaramin makarantar sakandare a 1926, ya yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar waɗannan malaman addinin Kirista waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar rayuwar addinin Kirista. A shekarar 1948, magajin Hofbauer, Fr Otmar Morger, ya san samari da yawa da ke sha'awar shiga al'ummar addinin Kirista a Peramiho. Duk da haka, Archabbot Chrysostomus Schmid na Ikilisiya ya ƙi su wannan buƙatar, yana son 'yan Afirka su kafa nasu majami'u maimakon su zama Benedictines na Mishan.[1]

Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess ya nuna karɓuwa sosai ga sha'awar 'yan Afirka na son shiga Ƙungiyar Ottilien (Ottilien Congregation). Sai dai, ya fahimci cewa al'ummomin da ke wanzuwa a Tanzania, wato Ndanda Abbey da Peramiho Abbey—waɗanda suka ƙunshi Turawa kawai, musamman ma 'yan asalin Jamus—ba za su zama wurare mafi dacewa ba don horar da 'yan zuhudu na Afirka. Saboda haka, Spiess ya yanke shawarar kafa wata cibiya ta daban, wato gidan zuhudu da zai bai wa 'yan zuhudu na Afirka damar daidaita Dokokin St. Benedict (Rule of Benedict) don su dace da yanayin al'adunsu. Bisa la'akari da hakan, a shekarar 1956, ya kafa ƙungiyar mishaneri na tsarin Benedictine waɗanda za su zama masu horar da 'yan Afirka masu sha'awar shiga rayuwar zuhudu. A shekara ta gaba, an buɗe wani &quot;gidan zuhudu na Afirka&quot; a Liganga, Tanzania. Wannan sabuwar cibiya ta samu karɓuwa sosai har ta cika da mutane da yawa da ke son shiga, wanda hakan ya sa ba da daɗewa ba aka ƙaura da ita zuwa ƙauyen Hanga, a cikin Archdiocese na Katolika na Songea—wuri mai nisan kilomita 80 zuwa gabashin Peramiho Abbey, da kuma kilomita 70 zuwa arewacin garin Songea.[2]

Yayin da yake bayyana wannan al'ummar sufi ta farko a Afirka, Spiess ya rubuta cewa, &quot;Babban manufar da ke tattare da daidaita tsarin rayuwar sufi a nan, shi ne ƙoƙarin tsara gidan sufin da kuma tsarin rayuwar sufan (masu ibada) ta yadda za a kiyaye muhimman abubuwan ruhaniya na tsarin 'Benedictine', tare da nuna irin tunani da ji na mutanen Afirka a lokaci guda.&quot;[3] Bugu da ƙari, Spiess ya yi fatan cewa yawan mutanen da ke cikin wannan al'umma ta sufi ya kasance kaɗan, domin a guji wasu matsalolin da ya yi imanin cewa suna iya tasowa a manyan gidajen sufi—kamar rashin sassauci da kuma rashin ikon dacewa da sababbin yanayi.</text>
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      <text bytes="3913" sha1="cy8p1ilxza0k4tnwvwf9gt03dsr1y3x" xml:space="preserve">Gidan sufi na St. Maurus da St. Placidus, wanda ke yankin Hanga a lardin Ruvuma, gida ne na mabiya tsarin rayuwar sufi na Benedictine a ƙasar Tanzaniya, kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar 'Missionary Benedictines' ta Saint Ottilien. An kafa gidan sufin a shekarar 1956 ta hannun Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess, a matsayin cibiyar horar da 'yan Afirka da ke son shiga rayuwar sufi; a halin yanzu, gidan yana da maza sufi guda 122. Gidan sufin yana gudanar da makarantu da kuma cibiyar bayar da magani ga mazauna ƙauyen da ke kusa, sannan yana da makarantar horar da limaman cocin Katolika na Archdiocese na Songea.


'''Asali'''


Tun farkon lokacin da suka fara aiki a Gabashin Afirka ta Jamus, Benedictines na Mishan sun mayar da hankali ne kawai kan kafa Katolika na Roman a tsakanin al'ummomin Afirka. Aikin malaman addinin Kirista, waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙirƙirar cocin Katolika, makarantu, da asibitoci, bai ba da damar yin aiki tare wajen ɗaukar malaman addinin Kirista na Afirka ba. Duk da haka, wasu 'yan addinin Kirista na Mishan sun ɗauki matakin. Fr Severin Hofbauer, wanda ya ƙirƙiri ƙaramin makarantar sakandare a 1926, ya yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar waɗannan malaman addinin Kirista waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar rayuwar addinin Kirista. A shekarar 1948, magajin Hofbauer, Fr Otmar Morger, ya san samari da yawa da ke sha'awar shiga al'ummar addinin Kirista a Peramiho. Duk da haka, Archabbot Chrysostomus Schmid na Ikilisiya ya ƙi su wannan buƙatar, yana son 'yan Afirka su kafa nasu majami'u maimakon su zama Benedictines na Mishan.[1]

Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess ya nuna karɓuwa sosai ga sha'awar 'yan Afirka na son shiga Ƙungiyar Ottilien (Ottilien Congregation). Sai dai, ya fahimci cewa al'ummomin da ke wanzuwa a Tanzania, wato Ndanda Abbey da Peramiho Abbey—waɗanda suka ƙunshi Turawa kawai, musamman ma 'yan asalin Jamus—ba za su zama wurare mafi dacewa ba don horar da 'yan zuhudu na Afirka. Saboda haka, Spiess ya yanke shawarar kafa wata cibiya ta daban, wato gidan zuhudu da zai bai wa 'yan zuhudu na Afirka damar daidaita Dokokin St. Benedict (Rule of Benedict) don su dace da yanayin al'adunsu. Bisa la'akari da hakan, a shekarar 1956, ya kafa ƙungiyar mishaneri na tsarin Benedictine waɗanda za su zama masu horar da 'yan Afirka masu sha'awar shiga rayuwar zuhudu. A shekara ta gaba, an buɗe wani &quot;gidan zuhudu na Afirka&quot; a Liganga, Tanzania. Wannan sabuwar cibiya ta samu karɓuwa sosai har ta cika da mutane da yawa da ke son shiga, wanda hakan ya sa ba da daɗewa ba aka ƙaura da ita zuwa ƙauyen Hanga, a cikin Archdiocese na Katolika na Songea—wuri mai nisan kilomita 80 zuwa gabashin Peramiho Abbey, da kuma kilomita 70 zuwa arewacin garin Songea.[2]

Yayin da yake bayyana wannan al'ummar sufi ta farko a Afirka, Spiess ya rubuta cewa, &quot;Babban manufar da ke tattare da daidaita tsarin rayuwar sufi a nan, shi ne ƙoƙarin tsara gidan sufin da kuma tsarin rayuwar sufan (masu ibada) ta yadda za a kiyaye muhimman abubuwan ruhaniya na tsarin 'Benedictine', tare da nuna irin tunani da ji na mutanen Afirka a lokaci guda.&quot;[3] Bugu da ƙari, Spiess ya yi fatan cewa yawan mutanen da ke cikin wannan al'umma ta sufi ya kasance kaɗan, domin a guji wasu matsalolin da ya yi imanin cewa suna iya tasowa a manyan gidajen sufi—kamar rashin sassauci da kuma rashin ikon dacewa da sababbin yanayi.

An bai wa cibiyar Hanga wa'adin shekaru goma domin daidaita tsarin rayuwar mabiya darikar Benedictine da al'adun Afirka. A wannan lokaci na farko, wanda ya dore har zuwa shekarar 1965, wasu mishioneriyoyi 'yan kasar Jamus mabiya darikar Benedictine sun zauna a gidan sufi na wurin. A cikin wadannan akwai kwararre kan aikin gona, mai kula da horar da mambobi, da kuma kwararren gwanin gine-gine; har ila yau akwai Padre Chrysostomus (wanda bai kamata a rude shi da Archabbot Chrysostomus Schimd ba), wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban farko na wannan al'umma ta sufi.[4]</text>
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      <text bytes="4299" sha1="0e31h19oyyx4h26ih0e8r89o9k9ue2m" xml:space="preserve">Gidan sufi na St. Maurus da St. Placidus, wanda ke yankin Hanga a lardin Ruvuma, gida ne na mabiya tsarin rayuwar sufi na Benedictine a ƙasar Tanzaniya, kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar 'Missionary Benedictines' ta Saint Ottilien. An kafa gidan sufin a shekarar 1956 ta hannun Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess, a matsayin cibiyar horar da 'yan Afirka da ke son shiga rayuwar sufi; a halin yanzu, gidan yana da maza sufi guda 122. Gidan sufin yana gudanar da makarantu da kuma cibiyar bayar da magani ga mazauna ƙauyen da ke kusa, sannan yana da makarantar horar da limaman cocin Katolika na Archdiocese na Songea.


'''Asali'''


Tun farkon lokacin da suka fara aiki a Gabashin Afirka ta Jamus, Benedictines na Mishan sun mayar da hankali ne kawai kan kafa Katolika na Roman a tsakanin al'ummomin Afirka. Aikin malaman addinin Kirista, waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙirƙirar cocin Katolika, makarantu, da asibitoci, bai ba da damar yin aiki tare wajen ɗaukar malaman addinin Kirista na Afirka ba. Duk da haka, wasu 'yan addinin Kirista na Mishan sun ɗauki matakin. Fr Severin Hofbauer, wanda ya ƙirƙiri ƙaramin makarantar sakandare a 1926, ya yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar waɗannan malaman addinin Kirista waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar rayuwar addinin Kirista. A shekarar 1948, magajin Hofbauer, Fr Otmar Morger, ya san samari da yawa da ke sha'awar shiga al'ummar addinin Kirista a Peramiho. Duk da haka, Archabbot Chrysostomus Schmid na Ikilisiya ya ƙi su wannan buƙatar, yana son 'yan Afirka su kafa nasu majami'u maimakon su zama Benedictines na Mishan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|first=Godfrey|title=The Benedictine Congregation of St. Ottilien|year=1992|publisher=EOS Verlag|location=St Ottilien|isbn=3-88096-645-1|pages=91}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess ya nuna karɓuwa sosai ga sha'awar 'yan Afirka na son shiga Ƙungiyar Ottilien (Ottilien Congregation). Sai dai, ya fahimci cewa al'ummomin da ke wanzuwa a Tanzania, wato Ndanda Abbey da Peramiho Abbey—waɗanda suka ƙunshi Turawa kawai, musamman ma 'yan asalin Jamus—ba za su zama wurare mafi dacewa ba don horar da 'yan zuhudu na Afirka. Saboda haka, Spiess ya yanke shawarar kafa wata cibiya ta daban, wato gidan zuhudu da zai bai wa 'yan zuhudu na Afirka damar daidaita Dokokin St. Benedict (Rule of Benedict) don su dace da yanayin al'adunsu. Bisa la'akari da hakan, a shekarar 1956, ya kafa ƙungiyar mishaneri na tsarin Benedictine waɗanda za su zama masu horar da 'yan Afirka masu sha'awar shiga rayuwar zuhudu. A shekara ta gaba, an buɗe wani &quot;gidan zuhudu na Afirka&quot; a Liganga, Tanzania. Wannan sabuwar cibiya ta samu karɓuwa sosai har ta cika da mutane da yawa da ke son shiga, wanda hakan ya sa ba da daɗewa ba aka ƙaura da ita zuwa ƙauyen Hanga, a cikin Archdiocese na Katolika na Songea—wuri mai nisan kilomita 80 zuwa gabashin Peramiho Abbey, da kuma kilomita 70 zuwa arewacin garin Songea.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|title=The Benedictine Congregation|year=1992|pages=91–92}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yayin da yake bayyana wannan al'ummar sufi ta farko a Afirka, Spiess ya rubuta cewa, &quot;Babban manufar da ke tattare da daidaita tsarin rayuwar sufi a nan, shi ne ƙoƙarin tsara gidan sufin da kuma tsarin rayuwar sufan (masu ibada) ta yadda za a kiyaye muhimman abubuwan ruhaniya na tsarin 'Benedictine', tare da nuna irin tunani da ji na mutanen Afirka a lokaci guda.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|title=The Benedictine Congregation|year=1992|pages=92}}&lt;/ref&gt;Bugu da ƙari, Spiess ya yi fatan cewa yawan mutanen da ke cikin wannan al'umma ta sufi ya kasance kaɗan, domin a guji wasu matsalolin da ya yi imanin cewa suna iya tasowa a manyan gidajen sufi—kamar rashin sassauci da kuma rashin ikon dacewa da sababbin yanayi.

An bai wa cibiyar Hanga wa'adin shekaru goma domin daidaita tsarin rayuwar mabiya darikar Benedictine da al'adun Afirka. A wannan lokaci na farko, wanda ya dore har zuwa shekarar 1965, wasu mishioneriyoyi 'yan kasar Jamus mabiya darikar Benedictine sun zauna a gidan sufi na wurin. A cikin wadannan akwai kwararre kan aikin gona, mai kula da horar da mambobi, da kuma kwararren gwanin gine-gine; har ila yau akwai Padre Chrysostomus (wanda bai kamata a rude shi da Archabbot Chrysostomus Schimd ba), wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban farko na wannan al'umma ta sufi.

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Gidan sufi na St. Maurus da St. Placidus, wanda ke yankin Hanga a lardin Ruvuma, gida ne na mabiya tsarin rayuwar sufi na Benedictine a ƙasar Tanzaniya, kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar 'Missionary Benedictines' ta Saint Ottilien. An kafa gidan sufin a shekarar 1956 ta hannun Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess, a matsayin cibiyar horar da 'yan Afirka da ke son shiga rayuwar sufi; a halin yanzu, gidan yana da maza sufi guda 122. Gidan sufin yana gudanar da makarantu da kuma cibiyar bayar da magani ga mazauna ƙauyen da ke kusa, sannan yana da makarantar horar da limaman cocin Katolika na Archdiocese na Songea.


'''Asali'''


Tun farkon lokacin da suka fara aiki a Gabashin Afirka ta Jamus, Benedictines na Mishan sun mayar da hankali ne kawai kan kafa Katolika na Roman a tsakanin al'ummomin Afirka. Aikin malaman addinin Kirista, waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙirƙirar cocin Katolika, makarantu, da asibitoci, bai ba da damar yin aiki tare wajen ɗaukar malaman addinin Kirista na Afirka ba. Duk da haka, wasu 'yan addinin Kirista na Mishan sun ɗauki matakin. Fr Severin Hofbauer, wanda ya ƙirƙiri ƙaramin makarantar sakandare a 1926, ya yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar waɗannan malaman addinin Kirista waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar rayuwar addinin Kirista. A shekarar 1948, magajin Hofbauer, Fr Otmar Morger, ya san samari da yawa da ke sha'awar shiga al'ummar addinin Kirista a Peramiho. Duk da haka, Archabbot Chrysostomus Schmid na Ikilisiya ya ƙi su wannan buƙatar, yana son 'yan Afirka su kafa nasu majami'u maimakon su zama Benedictines na Mishan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|first=Godfrey|title=The Benedictine Congregation of St. Ottilien|year=1992|publisher=EOS Verlag|location=St Ottilien|isbn=3-88096-645-1|pages=91}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess ya nuna karɓuwa sosai ga sha'awar 'yan Afirka na son shiga Ƙungiyar Ottilien (Ottilien Congregation). Sai dai, ya fahimci cewa al'ummomin da ke wanzuwa a Tanzania, wato Ndanda Abbey da Peramiho Abbey—waɗanda suka ƙunshi Turawa kawai, musamman ma 'yan asalin Jamus—ba za su zama wurare mafi dacewa ba don horar da 'yan zuhudu na Afirka. Saboda haka, Spiess ya yanke shawarar kafa wata cibiya ta daban, wato gidan zuhudu da zai bai wa 'yan zuhudu na Afirka damar daidaita Dokokin St. Benedict (Rule of Benedict) don su dace da yanayin al'adunsu. Bisa la'akari da hakan, a shekarar 1956, ya kafa ƙungiyar mishaneri na tsarin Benedictine waɗanda za su zama masu horar da 'yan Afirka masu sha'awar shiga rayuwar zuhudu. A shekara ta gaba, an buɗe wani &quot;gidan zuhudu na Afirka&quot; a Liganga, Tanzania. Wannan sabuwar cibiya ta samu karɓuwa sosai har ta cika da mutane da yawa da ke son shiga, wanda hakan ya sa ba da daɗewa ba aka ƙaura da ita zuwa ƙauyen Hanga, a cikin Archdiocese na Katolika na Songea—wuri mai nisan kilomita 80 zuwa gabashin Peramiho Abbey, da kuma kilomita 70 zuwa arewacin garin Songea.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|title=The Benedictine Congregation|year=1992|pages=91–92}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yayin da yake bayyana wannan al'ummar sufi ta farko a Afirka, Spiess ya rubuta cewa, &quot;Babban manufar da ke tattare da daidaita tsarin rayuwar sufi a nan, shi ne ƙoƙarin tsara gidan sufin da kuma tsarin rayuwar sufan (masu ibada) ta yadda za a kiyaye muhimman abubuwan ruhaniya na tsarin 'Benedictine', tare da nuna irin tunani da ji na mutanen Afirka a lokaci guda.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|title=The Benedictine Congregation|year=1992|pages=92}}&lt;/ref&gt;Bugu da ƙari, Spiess ya yi fatan cewa yawan mutanen da ke cikin wannan al'umma ta sufi ya kasance kaɗan, domin a guji wasu matsalolin da ya yi imanin cewa suna iya tasowa a manyan gidajen sufi—kamar rashin sassauci da kuma rashin ikon dacewa da sababbin yanayi.

An bai wa cibiyar Hanga wa'adin shekaru goma domin daidaita tsarin rayuwar mabiya darikar Benedictine da al'adun Afirka. A wannan lokaci na farko, wanda ya dore har zuwa shekarar 1965, wasu mishioneriyoyi 'yan kasar Jamus mabiya darikar Benedictine sun zauna a gidan sufi na wurin. A cikin wadannan akwai kwararre kan aikin gona, mai kula da horar da mambobi, da kuma kwararren gwanin gine-gine; har ila yau akwai Padre Chrysostomus (wanda bai kamata a rude shi da Archabbot Chrysostomus Schimd ba), wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban farko na wannan al'umma ta sufi.

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Gidan sufi na St. Maurus da St. Placidus, wanda ke yankin Hanga a lardin Ruvuma, gida ne na mabiya tsarin rayuwar sufi na Benedictine a ƙasar Tanzaniya, kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar 'Missionary Benedictines' ta Saint Ottilien. An kafa gidan sufin a shekarar 1956 ta hannun Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess, a matsayin cibiyar horar da 'yan Afirka da ke son shiga rayuwar sufi; a halin yanzu, gidan yana da maza sufi guda 122. Gidan sufin yana gudanar da makarantu da kuma cibiyar bayar da magani ga mazauna ƙauyen da ke kusa, sannan yana da makarantar horar da limaman cocin Katolika na Archdiocese na Songea.


'''Asali'''
Tun farkon lokacin da suka fara aiki a Gabashin Afirka ta Jamus, Benedictines na Mishan sun mayar da hankali ne kawai kan kafa Katolika na Roman a tsakanin al'ummomin Afirka. Aikin malaman addinin Kirista, waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙirƙirar cocin Katolika, makarantu, da asibitoci, bai ba da damar yin aiki tare wajen ɗaukar malaman addinin Kirista na Afirka ba. Duk da haka, wasu 'yan addinin Kirista na Mishan sun ɗauki matakin. Fr Severin Hofbauer, wanda ya ƙirƙiri ƙaramin makarantar sakandare a 1926, ya yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar waɗannan malaman addinin Kirista waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar rayuwar addinin Kirista. A shekarar 1948, magajin Hofbauer, Fr Otmar Morger, ya san samari da yawa da ke sha'awar shiga al'ummar addinin Kirista a Peramiho. Duk da haka, Archabbot Chrysostomus Schmid na Ikilisiya ya ƙi su wannan buƙatar, yana son 'yan Afirka su kafa nasu majami'u maimakon su zama Benedictines na Mishan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|first=Godfrey|title=The Benedictine Congregation of St. Ottilien|year=1992|publisher=EOS Verlag|location=St Ottilien|isbn=3-88096-645-1|pages=91}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess ya nuna karɓuwa sosai ga sha'awar 'yan Afirka na son shiga Ƙungiyar Ottilien (Ottilien Congregation). Sai dai, ya fahimci cewa al'ummomin da ke wanzuwa a Tanzania, wato Ndanda Abbey da Peramiho Abbey—waɗanda suka ƙunshi Turawa kawai, musamman ma 'yan asalin Jamus—ba za su zama wurare mafi dacewa ba don horar da 'yan zuhudu na Afirka. Saboda haka, Spiess ya yanke shawarar kafa wata cibiya ta daban, wato gidan zuhudu da zai bai wa 'yan zuhudu na Afirka damar daidaita Dokokin St. Benedict (Rule of Benedict) don su dace da yanayin al'adunsu. Bisa la'akari da hakan, a shekarar 1956, ya kafa ƙungiyar mishaneri na tsarin Benedictine waɗanda za su zama masu horar da 'yan Afirka masu sha'awar shiga rayuwar zuhudu. A shekara ta gaba, an buɗe wani &quot;gidan zuhudu na Afirka&quot; a Liganga, Tanzania. Wannan sabuwar cibiya ta samu karɓuwa sosai har ta cika da mutane da yawa da ke son shiga, wanda hakan ya sa ba da daɗewa ba aka ƙaura da ita zuwa ƙauyen Hanga, a cikin Archdiocese na Katolika na Songea—wuri mai nisan kilomita 80 zuwa gabashin Peramiho Abbey, da kuma kilomita 70 zuwa arewacin garin Songea.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|title=The Benedictine Congregation|year=1992|pages=91–92}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yayin da yake bayyana wannan al'ummar sufi ta farko a Afirka, Spiess ya rubuta cewa, &quot;Babban manufar da ke tattare da daidaita tsarin rayuwar sufi a nan, shi ne ƙoƙarin tsara gidan sufin da kuma tsarin rayuwar sufan (masu ibada) ta yadda za a kiyaye muhimman abubuwan ruhaniya na tsarin 'Benedictine', tare da nuna irin tunani da ji na mutanen Afirka a lokaci guda.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|title=The Benedictine Congregation|year=1992|pages=92}}&lt;/ref&gt;Bugu da ƙari, Spiess ya yi fatan cewa yawan mutanen da ke cikin wannan al'umma ta sufi ya kasance kaɗan, domin a guji wasu matsalolin da ya yi imanin cewa suna iya tasowa a manyan gidajen sufi—kamar rashin sassauci da kuma rashin ikon dacewa da sababbin yanayi.

An bai wa cibiyar Hanga wa'adin shekaru goma domin daidaita tsarin rayuwar mabiya darikar Benedictine da al'adun Afirka. A wannan lokaci na farko, wanda ya dore har zuwa shekarar 1965, wasu mishioneriyoyi 'yan kasar Jamus mabiya darikar Benedictine sun zauna a gidan sufi na wurin. A cikin wadannan akwai kwararre kan aikin gona, mai kula da horar da mambobi, da kuma kwararren gwanin gine-gine; har ila yau akwai Padre Chrysostomus (wanda bai kamata a rude shi da Archabbot Chrysostomus Schimd ba), wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban farko na wannan al'umma ta sufi.

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Gidan sufi na St. Maurus da St. Placidus, wanda ke yankin Hanga a lardin Ruvuma, gida ne na mabiya tsarin rayuwar sufi na Benedictine a ƙasar Tanzaniya, kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar 'Missionary Benedictines' ta Saint Ottilien. An kafa gidan sufin a shekarar 1956 ta hannun Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess, a matsayin cibiyar horar da 'yan Afirka da ke son shiga rayuwar sufi; a halin yanzu, gidan yana da maza sufi guda 122. Gidan sufin yana gudanar da makarantu da kuma cibiyar bayar da magani ga mazauna ƙauyen da ke kusa, sannan yana da makarantar horar da limaman cocin Katolika na Archdiocese na Songea..


'''Asali'''
Tun farkon lokacin da suka fara aiki a Gabashin Afirka ta Jamus, Benedictines na Mishan sun mayar da hankali ne kawai kan kafa Katolika na Roman a tsakanin al'ummomin Afirka. Aikin malaman addinin Kirista, waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙirƙirar cocin Katolika, makarantu, da asibitoci, bai ba da damar yin aiki tare wajen ɗaukar malaman addinin Kirista na Afirka ba. Duk da haka, wasu 'yan addinin Kirista na Mishan sun ɗauki matakin. Fr Severin Hofbauer, wanda ya ƙirƙiri ƙaramin makarantar sakandare a 1926, ya yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar waɗannan malaman addinin Kirista waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar rayuwar addinin Kirista. A shekarar 1948, magajin Hofbauer, Fr Otmar Morger, ya san samari da yawa da ke sha'awar shiga al'ummar addinin Kirista a Peramiho. Duk da haka, Archabbot Chrysostomus Schmid na Ikilisiya ya ƙi su wannan buƙatar, yana son 'yan Afirka su kafa nasu majami'u maimakon su zama Benedictines na Mishan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|first=Godfrey|title=The Benedictine Congregation of St. Ottilien|year=1992|publisher=EOS Verlag|location=St Ottilien|isbn=3-88096-645-1|pages=91}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess ya nuna karɓuwa sosai ga sha'awar 'yan Afirka na son shiga Ƙungiyar Ottilien (Ottilien Congregation). Sai dai, ya fahimci cewa al'ummomin da ke wanzuwa a Tanzania, wato Ndanda Abbey da Peramiho Abbey—waɗanda suka ƙunshi Turawa kawai, musamman ma 'yan asalin Jamus—ba za su zama wurare mafi dacewa ba don horar da 'yan zuhudu na Afirka. Saboda haka, Spiess ya yanke shawarar kafa wata cibiya ta daban, wato gidan zuhudu da zai bai wa 'yan zuhudu na Afirka damar daidaita Dokokin St. Benedict (Rule of Benedict) don su dace da yanayin al'adunsu. Bisa la'akari da hakan, a shekarar 1956, ya kafa ƙungiyar mishaneri na tsarin Benedictine waɗanda za su zama masu horar da 'yan Afirka masu sha'awar shiga rayuwar zuhudu. A shekara ta gaba, an buɗe wani &quot;gidan zuhudu na Afirka&quot; a Liganga, Tanzania. Wannan sabuwar cibiya ta samu karɓuwa sosai har ta cika da mutane da yawa da ke son shiga, wanda hakan ya sa ba da daɗewa ba aka ƙaura da ita zuwa ƙauyen Hanga, a cikin Archdiocese na Katolika na Songea—wuri mai nisan kilomita 80 zuwa gabashin Peramiho Abbey, da kuma kilomita 70 zuwa arewacin garin Songea.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|title=The Benedictine Congregation|year=1992|pages=91–92}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yayin da yake bayyana wannan al'ummar sufi ta farko a Afirka, Spiess ya rubuta cewa, &quot;Babban manufar da ke tattare da daidaita tsarin rayuwar sufi a nan, shi ne ƙoƙarin tsara gidan sufin da kuma tsarin rayuwar sufan (masu ibada) ta yadda za a kiyaye muhimman abubuwan ruhaniya na tsarin 'Benedictine', tare da nuna irin tunani da ji na mutanen Afirka a lokaci guda.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|title=The Benedictine Congregation|year=1992|pages=92}}&lt;/ref&gt;Bugu da ƙari, Spiess ya yi fatan cewa yawan mutanen da ke cikin wannan al'umma ta sufi ya kasance kaɗan, domin a guji wasu matsalolin da ya yi imanin cewa suna iya tasowa a manyan gidajen sufi—kamar rashin sassauci da kuma rashin ikon dacewa da sababbin yanayi.

An bai wa cibiyar Hanga wa'adin shekaru goma domin daidaita tsarin rayuwar mabiya darikar Benedictine da al'adun Afirka. A wannan lokaci na farko, wanda ya dore har zuwa shekarar 1965, wasu mishioneriyoyi 'yan kasar Jamus mabiya darikar Benedictine sun zauna a gidan sufi na wurin. A cikin wadannan akwai kwararre kan aikin gona, mai kula da horar da mambobi, da kuma kwararren gwanin gine-gine; har ila yau akwai Padre Chrysostomus (wanda bai kamata a rude shi da Archabbot Chrysostomus Schimd ba), wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban farko na wannan al'umma ta sufi.

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Gidan sufi na St. Maurus da St. Placidus, wanda ke yankin Hanga a lardin Ruvuma, gida ne na mabiya tsarin rayuwar sufi na Benedictine a ƙasar Tanzaniya, kuma yana ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar 'Missionary Benedictines' ta Saint Ottilien. An kafa gidan sufin a shekarar 1956 ta hannun Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess, a matsayin cibiyar horar da 'yan Afirka da ke son shiga rayuwar sufi; a halin yanzu, gidan yana da maza sufi guda 122. Gidan sufin yana gudanar da makarantu da kuma cibiyar bayar da magani ga mazauna ƙauyen da ke kusa, sannan yana da makarantar horar da limaman cocin Katolika na Archdiocese na Songea.


'''Asali'''
Tun farkon lokacin da suka fara aiki a Gabashin Afirka ta Jamus, Benedictines na Mishan sun mayar da hankali ne kawai kan kafa Katolika na Roman a tsakanin al'ummomin Afirka. Aikin malaman addinin Kirista, waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙirƙirar cocin Katolika, makarantu, da asibitoci, bai ba da damar yin aiki tare wajen ɗaukar malaman addinin Kirista na Afirka ba. Duk da haka, wasu 'yan addinin Kirista na Mishan sun ɗauki matakin. Fr Severin Hofbauer, wanda ya ƙirƙiri ƙaramin makarantar sakandare a 1926, ya yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar waɗannan malaman addinin Kirista waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar rayuwar addinin Kirista. A shekarar 1948, magajin Hofbauer, Fr Otmar Morger, ya san samari da yawa da ke sha'awar shiga al'ummar addinin Kirista a Peramiho. Duk da haka, Archabbot Chrysostomus Schmid na Ikilisiya ya ƙi su wannan buƙatar, yana son 'yan Afirka su kafa nasu majami'u maimakon su zama Benedictines na Mishan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|first=Godfrey|title=The Benedictine Congregation of St. Ottilien|year=1992|publisher=EOS Verlag|location=St Ottilien|isbn=3-88096-645-1|pages=91}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Abbot-Bishop Eberhard Spiess ya nuna karɓuwa sosai ga sha'awar 'yan Afirka na son shiga Ƙungiyar Ottilien (Ottilien Congregation). Sai dai, ya fahimci cewa al'ummomin da ke wanzuwa a Tanzania, wato Ndanda Abbey da Peramiho Abbey—waɗanda suka ƙunshi Turawa kawai, musamman ma 'yan asalin Jamus—ba za su zama wurare mafi dacewa ba don horar da 'yan zuhudu na Afirka. Saboda haka, Spiess ya yanke shawarar kafa wata cibiya ta daban, wato gidan zuhudu da zai bai wa 'yan zuhudu na Afirka damar daidaita Dokokin St. Benedict (Rule of Benedict) don su dace da yanayin al'adunsu. Bisa la'akari da hakan, a shekarar 1956, ya kafa ƙungiyar mishaneri na tsarin Benedictine waɗanda za su zama masu horar da 'yan Afirka masu sha'awar shiga rayuwar zuhudu. A shekara ta gaba, an buɗe wani &quot;gidan zuhudu na Afirka&quot; a Liganga, Tanzania. Wannan sabuwar cibiya ta samu karɓuwa sosai har ta cika da mutane da yawa da ke son shiga, wanda hakan ya sa ba da daɗewa ba aka ƙaura da ita zuwa ƙauyen Hanga, a cikin Archdiocese na Katolika na Songea—wuri mai nisan kilomita 80 zuwa gabashin Peramiho Abbey, da kuma kilomita 70 zuwa arewacin garin Songea.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|title=The Benedictine Congregation|year=1992|pages=91–92}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yayin da yake bayyana wannan al'ummar sufi ta farko a Afirka, Spiess ya rubuta cewa, &quot;Babban manufar da ke tattare da daidaita tsarin rayuwar sufi a nan, shi ne ƙoƙarin tsara gidan sufin da kuma tsarin rayuwar sufan (masu ibada) ta yadda za a kiyaye muhimman abubuwan ruhaniya na tsarin 'Benedictine', tare da nuna irin tunani da ji na mutanen Afirka a lokaci guda.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sieber, OSB|title=The Benedictine Congregation|year=1992|pages=92}}&lt;/ref&gt;Bugu da ƙari, Spiess ya yi fatan cewa yawan mutanen da ke cikin wannan al'umma ta sufi ya kasance kaɗan, domin a guji wasu matsalolin da ya yi imanin cewa suna iya tasowa a manyan gidajen sufi—kamar rashin sassauci da kuma rashin ikon dacewa da sababbin yanayi.

An bai wa cibiyar Hanga wa'adin shekaru goma domin daidaita tsarin rayuwar mabiya darikar Benedictine da al'adun Afirka. A wannan lokaci na farko, wanda ya dore har zuwa shekarar 1965, wasu mishioneriyoyi 'yan kasar Jamus mabiya darikar Benedictine sun zauna a gidan sufi na wurin. A cikin wadannan akwai kwararre kan aikin gona, mai kula da horar da mambobi, da kuma kwararren gwanin gine-gine; har ila yau akwai Padre Chrysostomus (wanda bai kamata a rude shi da Archabbot Chrysostomus Schimd ba), wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban farko na wannan al'umma ta sufi.

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    <title>James Hannington</title>
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      <comment>Sabon shafi: {{databox}}  James Hannington (3 ga Satumba, 1847 – 29 ga Oktoba, 1885) ya kasance mishaneri na Anglican ɗan ƙasar Ingila kuma shahidi. Shi ne bishop na Anglican na farko a Gabashin Afirka.</comment>
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James Hannington (3 ga Satumba, 1847 – 29 ga Oktoba, 1885) ya kasance mishaneri na Anglican ɗan ƙasar Ingila kuma shahidi. Shi ne bishop na Anglican na farko a Gabashin Afirka.</text>
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James Hannington (3 ga Satumba, 1847 – 29 ga Oktoba, 1885) ya kasance mishaneri na Anglican ɗan ƙasar Ingila kuma shahidi. Shi ne bishop na Anglican na farko a Gabashin Afirka.


'''Rayuwar farko'''

An haifi Hannington a ranar 3 ga watan Satumba, 1847, a Hurstpierpoint da ke Sussex, Ingila—kimanin mil takwas daga Brighton—inda mahaifinsa ke gudanar da wani babban sito,[1] kuma ya kasance daga cikin iyalin da ke tafiyar da shagunan sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri na Hanningtons.[2] Mahaifinsa, Charles Smith Hannington, ya sayi wani gida da ake kira St George's ba da dadewa ba kafin lokacin. A lokacin yarintarsa, Hannington ya kasance mai sha'awar tara abubuwa daban-daban,[3] kuma ya yi sanadiyyar busar da babban yatsan hannunsa ta hanyar amfani da sinadarin 'black powder' (wani nau'in sinadarin fashewa).[4]</text>
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James Hannington (3 ga Satumba, 1847 – 29 ga Oktoba, 1885) ya kasance mishaneri na Anglican ɗan ƙasar Ingila kuma shahidi. Shi ne bishop na Anglican na farko a Gabashin Afirka.


'''Rayuwar farko'''

An haifi Hannington a ranar 3 ga watan Satumba, 1847, a Hurstpierpoint da ke Sussex, Ingila—kimanin mil takwas daga Brighton—inda mahaifinsa ke gudanar da wani babban sito,[1] kuma ya kasance daga cikin iyalin da ke tafiyar da shagunan sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri na Hanningtons.[2] Mahaifinsa, Charles Smith Hannington, ya sayi wani gida da ake kira St George's ba da dadewa ba kafin lokacin. A lokacin yarintarsa, Hannington ya kasance mai sha'awar tara abubuwa daban-daban,[3] kuma ya yi sanadiyyar busar da babban yatsan hannunsa ta hanyar amfani da sinadarin 'black powder' (wani nau'in sinadarin fashewa).[4]

Don ilimin farko na Hannington, an dauki malami na musamman, amma yana da shekaru goma sha uku aka tura shi zuwa Makarantar Temple da ke Brighton, inda ya yi shekaru biyu da rabi, duk da cewa bai kasance dalibi mai kwazo sosai ba.[3]</text>
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James Hannington (3 ga Satumba, 1847 – 29 ga Oktoba, 1885) ya kasance mishaneri na Anglican ɗan ƙasar Ingila kuma shahidi. Shi ne bishop na Anglican na farko a Gabashin Afirka.


'''Rayuwar farko'''

An haifi Hannington a ranar 3 ga watan Satumba, 1847, a Hurstpierpoint da ke Sussex, Ingila—kimanin mil takwas daga Brighton—inda mahaifinsa ke gudanar da wani babban sito,[1] kuma ya kasance daga cikin iyalin da ke tafiyar da shagunan sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri na Hanningtons.[2] Mahaifinsa, Charles Smith Hannington, ya sayi wani gida da ake kira St George's ba da dadewa ba kafin lokacin. A lokacin yarintarsa, Hannington ya kasance mai sha'awar tara abubuwa daban-daban,[3] kuma ya yi sanadiyyar busar da babban yatsan hannunsa ta hanyar amfani da sinadarin 'black powder' (wani nau'in sinadarin fashewa).

Don ilimin farko na Hannington, an dauki malami na musamman, amma yana da shekaru goma sha uku aka tura shi zuwa Makarantar Temple da ke Brighton, inda ya yi shekaru biyu da rabi, duk da cewa bai kasance dalibi mai kwazo sosai ba.


Hannington ya bar makaranta yana da shekaru goma sha biyar domin yin aiki a ofishin lissafi na mahaifinsa da ke Brighton. A shekarar 1864, ya samu mukamin hafsan soja a rundunar '1st Sussex Artillery Volunteer Corps', daga baya kuma ya kai matsayin 'major'. A karkashin horo da kulawarsa, rukunin sojojin da ke karkashinsa sun lashe kyaututtuka a gasar da aka gudanar yayin sansanin horo na shekara-shekara.</text>
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James Hannington (3 ga Satumba, 1847 – 29 ga Oktoba, 1885) ya kasance mishaneri na Anglican ɗan ƙasar Ingila kuma shahidi. Shi ne bishop na Anglican na farko a Gabashin Afirka.


'''Rayuwar farko'''

An haifi Hannington a ranar 3 ga watan Satumba, 1847, a Hurstpierpoint da ke Sussex, Ingila—kimanin mil takwas daga Brighton—inda mahaifinsa ke gudanar da wani babban sito,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Verdcourt |first=Bernard |date=June 1981 |title=James Hannington - 1847-1885 - Collectors in East Africa - 3 |url=http://www.conchsoc.org/collectors_east_africa/Hannington-J.php |journal=The Conchologists' Newsletter |issue=77 |pages=317–318 |access-date=16 May 2019 |via=The Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya kasance daga cikin iyalin da ke tafiyar da shagunan sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri na Hanningtons.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 July 2013 |title=Looking back: A store with a special place in Brighton and Hove's history |url=https://www.theargus.co.uk/news/10533668.looking-back-a-store-with-a-special-place-in-brighton-and-hoves-history/ |access-date=16 May 2019 |work=The Argus}}&lt;/ref&gt;Mahaifinsa, Charles Smith Hannington, ya sayi wani gida da ake kira St George's ba da dadewa ba kafin lokacin. A lokacin yarintarsa, Hannington ya kasance mai sha'awar tara abubuwa daban-daban,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hansford |first=F. E. |date=n.d. |title=James Hannington (1847-1885) |url=http://www.churchsociety.org/issues_new/history/hannington/iss_history_hannington_Hansford-intro.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042003/http://www.churchsociety.org/issues_new/history/hannington/iss_history_hannington_Hansford-intro.asp |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 May 2019 |series=Great Churchmen No. 22 |publisher=Church Book Room Press |via=Church Society}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya yi sanadiyyar busar da babban yatsan hannunsa ta hanyar amfani da sinadarin 'black powder' (wani nau'in sinadarin fashewa).

Don ilimin farko na Hannington, an dauki malami na musamman, amma yana da shekaru goma sha uku aka tura shi zuwa Makarantar Temple da ke Brighton, inda ya yi shekaru biyu da rabi, duk da cewa bai kasance dalibi mai kwazo sosai ba.


Hannington ya bar makaranta yana da shekaru goma sha biyar domin yin aiki a ofishin lissafi na mahaifinsa da ke Brighton. A shekarar 1864, ya samu mukamin hafsan soja a rundunar '1st Sussex Artillery Volunteer Corps', daga baya kuma ya kai matsayin 'major'. A karkashin horo da kulawarsa, rukunin sojojin da ke karkashinsa sun lashe kyaututtuka a gasar da aka gudanar yayin sansanin horo na shekara-shekara.

== manazarta ==</text>
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        <username>Baby juuu</username>
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James Hannington (3 ga watan Satumba, a shekara ta alif 1847 – 29 ga Oktoba, 1885) ya kasance mishaneri na Anglican ɗan ƙasar Ingila kuma shahidi. Shi ne bishop na Anglican na farko a Gabashin Afirka.


'''Rayuwar farko'''

An haifi Hannington a ranar 3 ga watan Satumba, 1847, a Hurstpierpoint da ke Sussex, Ingila—kimanin mil takwas daga Brighton—inda mahaifinsa ke gudanar da wani babban sito,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Verdcourt |first=Bernard |date=June 1981 |title=James Hannington - 1847-1885 - Collectors in East Africa - 3 |url=http://www.conchsoc.org/collectors_east_africa/Hannington-J.php |journal=The Conchologists' Newsletter |issue=77 |pages=317–318 |access-date=16 May 2019 |via=The Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya kasance daga cikin iyalin da ke tafiyar da shagunan sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri na Hanningtons.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 July 2013 |title=Looking back: A store with a special place in Brighton and Hove's history |url=https://www.theargus.co.uk/news/10533668.looking-back-a-store-with-a-special-place-in-brighton-and-hoves-history/ |access-date=16 May 2019 |work=The Argus}}&lt;/ref&gt;Mahaifinsa, Charles Smith Hannington, ya sayi wani gida da ake kira St George's ba da dadewa ba kafin lokacin. A lokacin yarintarsa, Hannington ya kasance mai sha'awar tara abubuwa daban-daban,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hansford |first=F. E. |date=n.d. |title=James Hannington (1847-1885) |url=http://www.churchsociety.org/issues_new/history/hannington/iss_history_hannington_Hansford-intro.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042003/http://www.churchsociety.org/issues_new/history/hannington/iss_history_hannington_Hansford-intro.asp |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 May 2019 |series=Great Churchmen No. 22 |publisher=Church Book Room Press |via=Church Society}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya yi sanadiyyar busar da babban yatsan hannunsa ta hanyar amfani da sinadarin 'black powder' (wani nau'in sinadarin fashewa).

Don ilimin farko na Hannington, an dauki malami na musamman, amma yana da shekaru goma sha uku aka tura shi zuwa Makarantar Temple da ke Brighton, inda ya yi shekaru biyu da rabi, duk da cewa bai kasance dalibi mai kwazo sosai ba.


Hannington ya bar makaranta yana da shekaru goma sha biyar domin yin aiki a ofishin lissafi na mahaifinsa da ke Brighton. A shekarar 1864, ya samu mukamin hafsan soja a rundunar '1st Sussex Artillery Volunteer Corps', daga baya kuma ya kai matsayin 'major'. A karkashin horo da kulawarsa, rukunin sojojin da ke karkashinsa sun lashe kyaututtuka a gasar da aka gudanar yayin sansanin horo na shekara-shekara.

== manazarta ==</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>969817</id>
      <parentid>969816</parentid>
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James Hannington (3 ga watan Satumba, a shekara ta alif 1847 – 29 ga watan Oktoba, 1885) ya kasance mishaneri na Anglican ɗan ƙasar Ingila kuma shahidi. Shi ne bishop na Anglican na farko a Gabashin Afirka.


'''Rayuwar farko'''

An haifi Hannington a ranar 3 ga watan Satumba, 1847, a Hurstpierpoint da ke Sussex, Ingila—kimanin mil takwas daga Brighton—inda mahaifinsa ke gudanar da wani babban sito,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Verdcourt |first=Bernard |date=June 1981 |title=James Hannington - 1847-1885 - Collectors in East Africa - 3 |url=http://www.conchsoc.org/collectors_east_africa/Hannington-J.php |journal=The Conchologists' Newsletter |issue=77 |pages=317–318 |access-date=16 May 2019 |via=The Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland}}&lt;/ref&gt; kuma ya kasance daga cikin iyalin da ke tafiyar da shagunan sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri na Hanningtons.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 July 2013 |title=Looking back: A store with a special place in Brighton and Hove's history |url=https://www.theargus.co.uk/news/10533668.looking-back-a-store-with-a-special-place-in-brighton-and-hoves-history/ |access-date=16 May 2019 |work=The Argus}}&lt;/ref&gt;Mahaifinsa, Charles Smith Hannington, ya sayi wani gida da ake kira St George's ba da dadewa ba kafin lokacin. A lokacin yarintarsa, Hannington ya kasance mai sha'awar tara abubuwa daban-daban,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hansford |first=F. E. |date=n.d. |title=James Hannington (1847-1885) |url=http://www.churchsociety.org/issues_new/history/hannington/iss_history_hannington_Hansford-intro.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042003/http://www.churchsociety.org/issues_new/history/hannington/iss_history_hannington_Hansford-intro.asp |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=16 May 2019 |series=Great Churchmen No. 22 |publisher=Church Book Room Press |via=Church Society}}&lt;/ref&gt; ya yi sanadiyyar busar da babban yatsan hannunsa ta hanyar amfani da sinadarin 'black powder' (wani nau'in sinadarin fashewa).

Don ilimin farko na Hannington, an dauki malami na musamman, amma yana da shekaru goma sha uku aka tura shi zuwa Makarantar Temple da ke Brighton, inda ya yi shekaru biyu da rabi, duk da cewa bai kasance dalibi mai kwazo sosai ba.


Hannington ya bar makaranta yana da shekaru goma sha biyar domin yin aiki a ofishin lissafi na mahaifinsa da ke Brighton. A shekarar 1864, ya samu mukamin hafsan soja a rundunar '1st Sussex Artillery Volunteer Corps', daga baya kuma ya kai matsayin 'major'. A karkashin horo da kulawarsa, rukunin sojojin da ke karkashinsa sun lashe kyaututtuka a gasar da aka gudanar yayin sansanin horo na shekara-shekara.

== manazarta ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Theophilus Nii Anum Sowah</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>969719</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T21:56:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Halima Waziri</username>
        <id>29451</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355930634|Theophilus Nii Anum Sowah]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>969719</origin>
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      <text bytes="1510" sha1="6ijh4del9dj6bba25c5fzx5qohy7ulc" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; 

'''Theophilus Nii Anum Sowah''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1968) wani mutum ne mai zane-zanen akwatin gawa na almara [[Ghana|na ƙasar Ghana]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ross |first=Doran H. |date=2011 |title=From the Black Stars to BaGhana BaGhana and Beyond |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41330684 |journal=African Arts |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=1–7 |doi=10.1162/afar.2011.44.2.1 |issn=0001-9933 |jstor=41330684 |s2cid=57571118 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nii Anum shine babban mai koyon aikin gyaran katako na Kane Kwei Carpentry inda ya yi aiki a gaban sauran masu fasaha kamar Paa Joe . 

Kasar hausa da nunu da Hausawa da sauransu da yadda kowa yake a arewavda arewacin najeriya baki daya in FY 2022-23 and its ready 

Tun bayan mutuwar Kane Kwei a shekarar 1992, Nii Anum yana gudanar da nasa bitar a [[Accra]] . Ayyukansa sun haɗa da nau'ikan da suka fi shahara, kamar motoci, kifi, da kayan lambu zuwa ƙarin siffofi masu ƙirƙira, gami da saƙonnin siyasa, zane-zanen al'adun pop, da halittun Littafi Mai Tsarki na ƙarshen zamani . An nuna ayyukansa a gidajen tarihi da gidajen tarihi a faɗin duniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Theophilus Nii Anum Sowah |url=https://www.erniewolfegallery.com/theophilus-nii-anum-sowah |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=Ernie Wolfe Gallery |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1968]]</text>
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        <username>Halima Waziri</username>
        <id>29451</id>
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      <comment>Saka databox</comment>
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'''Theophilus Nii Anum Sowah''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1968) wani mutum ne mai zane-zanen akwatin gawa na almara [[Ghana|na ƙasar Ghana]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ross |first=Doran H. |date=2011 |title=From the Black Stars to BaGhana BaGhana and Beyond |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41330684 |journal=African Arts |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=1–7 |doi=10.1162/afar.2011.44.2.1 |issn=0001-9933 |jstor=41330684 |s2cid=57571118 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nii Anum shine babban mai koyon aikin gyaran katako na Kane Kwei Carpentry inda ya yi aiki a gaban sauran masu fasaha kamar Paa Joe . 

Tun bayan mutuwar Kane Kwei a shekarar 1992, Nii Anum yana gudanar da nasa bitar a [[Accra]] . Ayyukansa sun haɗa da nau'ikan da suka fi shahara, kamar motoci, kifi, da kayan lambu zuwa ƙarin siffofi masu ƙirƙira, gami da saƙonnin siyasa, zane-zanen al'adun pop, da halittun Littafi Mai Tsarki na ƙarshen zamani . An nuna ayyukansa a gidajen tarihi da gidajen tarihi a faɗin duniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Theophilus Nii Anum Sowah |url=https://www.erniewolfegallery.com/theophilus-nii-anum-sowah |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=Ernie Wolfe Gallery |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1968]]</text>
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&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; 

'''Theophilus Nii Anum Sowah''' (an haife shi a shekara ta alif 1968) wani mutum ne mai zane-zanen akwatin gawa na almara [[Ghana|na ƙasar Ghana]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ross |first=Doran H. |date=2011 |title=From the Black Stars to BaGhana BaGhana and Beyond |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41330684 |journal=African Arts |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=1–7 |doi=10.1162/afar.2011.44.2.1 |issn=0001-9933 |jstor=41330684 |s2cid=57571118 |url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nii Anum shine babban mai koyon aikin gyaran katako na Kane Kwei Carpentry inda ya yi aiki a gaban sauran masu fasaha kamar Paa Joe . 

Tun bayan mutuwar Kane Kwei a shekarar 1992, Nii Anum yana gudanar da nasa bitar a [[Accra]] . Ayyukansa sun haɗa da nau'ikan da suka fi shahara, kamar motoci, kifi, da kayan lambu zuwa ƙarin siffofi masu ƙirƙira, gami da saƙonnin siyasa, zane-zanen al'adun pop, da halittun Littafi Mai Tsarki na ƙarshen zamani . An nuna ayyukansa a gidajen tarihi da gidajen tarihi a faɗin duniya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Theophilus Nii Anum Sowah |url=https://www.erniewolfegallery.com/theophilus-nii-anum-sowah |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=Ernie Wolfe Gallery |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1968]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Isaac Chukwu Udeh</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>969721</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-19T22:04:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Halima Waziri</username>
        <id>29451</id>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346975770|Isaac Chukwu Udeh]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>969721</origin>
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'''Isaac Chukwu Udeh''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Satumba 1997), wanda aka fi sani da '''Chukwu mai zane''', ƙwararren mai zane ne na ƙasar Ghana, mai zane kai tsaye, kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-04-19 |title=Video : Young artist causes stir; paints beautiful Shatta Wale portrait using storm energy drink |url=https://www.atinkanews.net/2019/04/19/nigerian-artist-paints-beautiful-shatta-wale-portrait-using-storm-energy-drink-bottle/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604181228/https://www.atinkanews.net/2019/04/19/nigerian-artist-paints-beautiful-shatta-wale-portrait-using-storm-energy-drink-bottle/ |archive-date=2022-06-04 |access-date=2019-09-08 |website=Atinkanews. |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mensah |first=Jeffrey |date=2019-04-19 |title=Meet the artist who just made a beautiful Shatta Wale painting without a brush |url=https://yen.com.gh/126466-artist-chukwu-painter-paint-shatta-wale-storm-energy-bottle-video.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918141952/https://yen.com.gh/126466-artist-chukwu-painter-paint-shatta-wale-storm-energy-bottle-video.html |archive-date=2020-09-18 |access-date=2019-09-08 |website=Yen- Ghana news. |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chukwu Udeh: Why I Became A Painter Against My Parent's Wish |url=https://lushonlineng.com/chukwu-udeh-why-i-became-a-painter-against-my-parents-wish/ |access-date=2020-02-19 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;   An san shi da zanensa na baya, kuma ya yi baje kolin a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Ghana Banking Awards a 2016 da 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; An gabatar da baje kolin zane-zanensa a bikin baje kolin jaruman canji na MTN na shekarar 2019.  An san shi da zane-zanen girmamawa da ya yi wa marigayi Sakataren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya [[Kofi Annan]], Kobe Bryant da Gianna Bryant. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tetteh |first=Nii Okai |title=Ghanaian Artist Chukwu The Painter's Kobe Bryant Tribute Featured On A Major US News Network - Kuulpeeps - Ghana Campus News and Lifestyle Site by Students |url=https://kuulpeeps.com/2020/02/ghanaian-artist-chukwu-the-painters-kobe-bryant-tribute-featured-on-a-major-us-news-network/ |access-date=2020-02-08 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Quaye |first=Jacqueline Johnson |date=2020-02-07 |title=Ghanaian artist Chukwu The Painter's Kobe Bryant tribute featured on ABC News |url=https://ameyawdebrah.com/ghanaian-artist-chukwu-the-painters-kobe-bryant-tribute-featured-on-abc-news/ |access-date=2020-02-08 |website=AmeyawDebrah. |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kasar hausa da nunu da Hausawa da sauransu da yadda kowa yake a arewavda arewacin najeriya baki daya in FY 2022-23 and its ready for committee 

== Ilimi ==
Ya yi karatun sakandare a Makarantar Wesley Grammar da ke Accra, sannan ya yi karatunsa na asali a Cibiyar Ilimi ta Alpha Beta. Don karatunsa na jami'a, ya kammala karatunsa daga [[Jami'ar Fasaha ta Takoradi]] inda ya karanci zane-zanen kasuwanci.

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
An karrama shi a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na EMY Awards Africa, Ghana Edition.  An zaɓe shi a matsayin Mai Zane Mai Tasiri a Gasar GUBA Awards ta 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=INFLUENTIAL ARTIST AWARD – GUBA Voting |url=http://gubavoting.com/services/influential-artist-award/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820032320/http://gubavoting.com/services/influential-artist-award/ |archive-date=2019-08-20 |access-date=2019-09-08 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami kyautar yabo da kuma kyautar kuɗi daga MTN Heroes of Change 2019 bayan ya bayyana wanda ya lashe gasar. 

== Manazarta ==
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[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]]</text>
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      <comment>Karamin gyera</comment>
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'''Isaac Chukwu Udeh''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Satumba 1997), wanda aka fi sani da '''Chukwu mai zane''', ƙwararren mai zane ne na ƙasar Ghana, mai zane kai tsaye, kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-04-19 |title=Video : Young artist causes stir; paints beautiful Shatta Wale portrait using storm energy drink |url=https://www.atinkanews.net/2019/04/19/nigerian-artist-paints-beautiful-shatta-wale-portrait-using-storm-energy-drink-bottle/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604181228/https://www.atinkanews.net/2019/04/19/nigerian-artist-paints-beautiful-shatta-wale-portrait-using-storm-energy-drink-bottle/ |archive-date=2022-06-04 |access-date=2019-09-08 |website=Atinkanews. |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mensah |first=Jeffrey |date=2019-04-19 |title=Meet the artist who just made a beautiful Shatta Wale painting without a brush |url=https://yen.com.gh/126466-artist-chukwu-painter-paint-shatta-wale-storm-energy-bottle-video.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918141952/https://yen.com.gh/126466-artist-chukwu-painter-paint-shatta-wale-storm-energy-bottle-video.html |archive-date=2020-09-18 |access-date=2019-09-08 |website=Yen- Ghana news. |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chukwu Udeh: Why I Became A Painter Against My Parent's Wish |url=https://lushonlineng.com/chukwu-udeh-why-i-became-a-painter-against-my-parents-wish/ |access-date=2020-02-19 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;   An san shi da zanensa na baya, kuma ya yi baje kolin a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Ghana Banking Awards a 2016 da 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; An gabatar da baje kolin zane-zanensa a bikin baje kolin jaruman canji na MTN na shekarar 2019.  An san shi da zane-zanen girmamawa da ya yi wa marigayi Sakataren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya [[Kofi Annan]], Kobe Bryant da Gianna Bryant. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tetteh |first=Nii Okai |title=Ghanaian Artist Chukwu The Painter's Kobe Bryant Tribute Featured On A Major US News Network - Kuulpeeps - Ghana Campus News and Lifestyle Site by Students |url=https://kuulpeeps.com/2020/02/ghanaian-artist-chukwu-the-painters-kobe-bryant-tribute-featured-on-a-major-us-news-network/ |access-date=2020-02-08 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Quaye |first=Jacqueline Johnson |date=2020-02-07 |title=Ghanaian artist Chukwu The Painter's Kobe Bryant tribute featured on ABC News |url=https://ameyawdebrah.com/ghanaian-artist-chukwu-the-painters-kobe-bryant-tribute-featured-on-abc-news/ |access-date=2020-02-08 |website=AmeyawDebrah. |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kasar hausa da nunu da Hausawa da sauransu da yadda kowa yake a arewavda arewacin najeriya baki daya in FY 2022-23 and its ready for committee 

== Ilimi ==
Ya yi karatun sakandare a Makarantar Wesley Grammar da ke Accra, sannan ya yi karatunsa na asali a Cibiyar Ilimi ta Alpha Beta. Don karatunsa na jami'a, ya kammala karatunsa daga [[Jami'ar Fasaha ta Takoradi]] inda ya karanci zane-zanen kasuwanci.

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
An karrama shi a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na EMY Awards Africa, Ghana Edition.  An zaɓe shi a matsayin Mai Zane Mai Tasiri a Gasar GUBA Awards ta 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=INFLUENTIAL ARTIST AWARD – GUBA Voting |url=http://gubavoting.com/services/influential-artist-award/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820032320/http://gubavoting.com/services/influential-artist-award/ |archive-date=2019-08-20 |access-date=2019-09-08 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami kyautar yabo da kuma kyautar kuɗi daga MTN Heroes of Change 2019 bayan ya bayyana wanda ya lashe gasar. 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]]</text>
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        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
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'''Isaac Chukwu Udeh''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Satumba 1997), wanda aka fi sani da '''Chukwu mai zane''', ƙwararren mai zane ne na ƙasar Ghana, mai zane kai tsaye, kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-04-19 |title=Video : Young artist causes stir; paints beautiful Shatta Wale portrait using storm energy drink |url=https://www.atinkanews.net/2019/04/19/nigerian-artist-paints-beautiful-shatta-wale-portrait-using-storm-energy-drink-bottle/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604181228/https://www.atinkanews.net/2019/04/19/nigerian-artist-paints-beautiful-shatta-wale-portrait-using-storm-energy-drink-bottle/ |archive-date=2022-06-04 |access-date=2019-09-08 |website=Atinkanews. |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mensah |first=Jeffrey |date=2019-04-19 |title=Meet the artist who just made a beautiful Shatta Wale painting without a brush |url=https://yen.com.gh/126466-artist-chukwu-painter-paint-shatta-wale-storm-energy-bottle-video.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918141952/https://yen.com.gh/126466-artist-chukwu-painter-paint-shatta-wale-storm-energy-bottle-video.html |archive-date=2020-09-18 |access-date=2019-09-08 |website=Yen- Ghana news. |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chukwu Udeh: Why I Became A Painter Against My Parent's Wish |url=https://lushonlineng.com/chukwu-udeh-why-i-became-a-painter-against-my-parents-wish/ |access-date=2020-02-19 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;   An san shi da zanensa na baya, kuma ya yi baje kolin a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Ghana Banking Awards a 2016 da 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; An gabatar da baje kolin zane-zanensa a bikin baje kolin jaruman canji na MTN na shekarar 2019.  An san shi da zane-zanen girmamawa da ya yi wa marigayi Sakataren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya [[Kofi Annan]], Kobe Bryant da Gianna Bryant. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tetteh |first=Nii Okai |title=Ghanaian Artist Chukwu The Painter's Kobe Bryant Tribute Featured On A Major US News Network - Kuulpeeps - Ghana Campus News and Lifestyle Site by Students |url=https://kuulpeeps.com/2020/02/ghanaian-artist-chukwu-the-painters-kobe-bryant-tribute-featured-on-a-major-us-news-network/ |access-date=2020-02-08 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Quaye |first=Jacqueline Johnson |date=2020-02-07 |title=Ghanaian artist Chukwu The Painter's Kobe Bryant tribute featured on ABC News |url=https://ameyawdebrah.com/ghanaian-artist-chukwu-the-painters-kobe-bryant-tribute-featured-on-abc-news/ |access-date=2020-02-08 |website=AmeyawDebrah. |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kasar hausa da nunu da Hausawa da sauransu da yadda kowa yake a arewavda arewacin najeriya baki daya in FY 2022-23 and its ready for committee 

== Ilimi ==
Ya yi karatun sakandare a Makarantar Wesley Grammar da ke Accra, sannan ya yi karatunsa na asali a Cibiyar Ilimi ta Alpha Beta. Don karatunsa na jami'a, ya kammala karatunsa daga [[Jami'ar Fasaha ta Takoradi]] inda ya karanci zane-zanen kasuwanci.

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
An karrama shi a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na EMY Awards Africa, Ghana Edition.  An zaɓe shi a matsayin Mai Zane Mai Tasiri a Gasar GUBA Awards ta 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=INFLUENTIAL ARTIST AWARD – GUBA Voting |url=http://gubavoting.com/services/influential-artist-award/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820032320/http://gubavoting.com/services/influential-artist-award/ |archive-date=2019-08-20 |access-date=2019-09-08 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami kyautar yabo da kuma kyautar kuɗi daga MTN Heroes of Change 2019 bayan ya bayyana wanda ya lashe gasar. 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]]</text>
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'''Isaac Chukwu Udeh''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Satumba a shekara ta 1997), wanda aka fi sani da '''Chukwu mai zane''', ƙwararren mai zane ne na ƙasar Ghana, mai zane kai tsaye, kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-04-19 |title=Video : Young artist causes stir; paints beautiful Shatta Wale portrait using storm energy drink |url=https://www.atinkanews.net/2019/04/19/nigerian-artist-paints-beautiful-shatta-wale-portrait-using-storm-energy-drink-bottle/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604181228/https://www.atinkanews.net/2019/04/19/nigerian-artist-paints-beautiful-shatta-wale-portrait-using-storm-energy-drink-bottle/ |archive-date=2022-06-04 |access-date=2019-09-08 |website=Atinkanews. |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mensah |first=Jeffrey |date=2019-04-19 |title=Meet the artist who just made a beautiful Shatta Wale painting without a brush |url=https://yen.com.gh/126466-artist-chukwu-painter-paint-shatta-wale-storm-energy-bottle-video.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918141952/https://yen.com.gh/126466-artist-chukwu-painter-paint-shatta-wale-storm-energy-bottle-video.html |archive-date=2020-09-18 |access-date=2019-09-08 |website=Yen- Ghana news. |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chukwu Udeh: Why I Became A Painter Against My Parent's Wish |url=https://lushonlineng.com/chukwu-udeh-why-i-became-a-painter-against-my-parents-wish/ |access-date=2020-02-19 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;   An san shi da zanensa na baya, kuma ya yi baje kolin a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na Ghana Banking Awards a 2016 da 2017. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; An gabatar da baje kolin zane-zanensa a bikin baje kolin jaruman canji na MTN na shekarar 2019.  An san shi da zane-zanen girmamawa da ya yi wa marigayi Sakataren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya [[Kofi Annan]], Kobe Bryant da Gianna Bryant. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tetteh |first=Nii Okai |title=Ghanaian Artist Chukwu The Painter's Kobe Bryant Tribute Featured On A Major US News Network - Kuulpeeps - Ghana Campus News and Lifestyle Site by Students |url=https://kuulpeeps.com/2020/02/ghanaian-artist-chukwu-the-painters-kobe-bryant-tribute-featured-on-a-major-us-news-network/ |access-date=2020-02-08 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Quaye |first=Jacqueline Johnson |date=2020-02-07 |title=Ghanaian artist Chukwu The Painter's Kobe Bryant tribute featured on ABC News |url=https://ameyawdebrah.com/ghanaian-artist-chukwu-the-painters-kobe-bryant-tribute-featured-on-abc-news/ |access-date=2020-02-08 |website=AmeyawDebrah. |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kasar hausa da nunu da Hausawa da sauransu da yadda kowa yake a arewavda arewacin najeriya baki daya in FY 2022-23 and its ready for committee 

== Ilimi ==
Ya yi karatun sakandare a Makarantar Wesley Grammar da ke Accra, sannan ya yi karatunsa na asali a Cibiyar Ilimi ta Alpha Beta. Don karatunsa na jami'a, ya kammala karatunsa daga [[Jami'ar Fasaha ta Takoradi]] inda ya karanci zane-zanen kasuwanci.

== Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai ==
An karrama shi a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na EMY Awards Africa, Ghana Edition.  An zaɓe shi a matsayin Mai Zane Mai Tasiri a Gasar GUBA Awards ta 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=INFLUENTIAL ARTIST AWARD – GUBA Voting |url=http://gubavoting.com/services/influential-artist-award/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820032320/http://gubavoting.com/services/influential-artist-award/ |archive-date=2019-08-20 |access-date=2019-09-08 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami kyautar yabo da kuma kyautar kuɗi daga MTN Heroes of Change 2019 bayan ya bayyana wanda ya lashe gasar. 

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]]</text>
      <sha1>k0wy4ffu9ne38q1salb4e337r7r5qj3</sha1>
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      <comment>Dr-Taher moved page [[Tattaunawar user:Doaa970]] to [[Tattaunawar user:دعاء]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Doaa970|Doaa970]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/دعاء|دعاء]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="39" sha1="di7gub4un7dsyw59r7hrlm26xra7v8g" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Tattaunawar user:دعاء]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Gidan Tarihi na Mobile</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
        <id>22698</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363490755|Mobile Museum of Art]]&quot;</comment>
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Mobile Museum of Art (MMoA) gidan kayan gargajiya ne na fasaha wanda ke Mobile, [[Alabama]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mobile Museum Of Art : City of Mobile |url=https://www.cityofmobile.org/departments/mobile-museum-of-art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.cityofmobile.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya ƙunshi tarin fasaha masu yawa daga [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], [[Turai]], da kuma fasahar da ba ta yamma ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=Mobile Museum of Art}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan kayan gargajiya yana karbar bakuncin nune-nunen, shirye-shiryen fannoni da yawa (ciki har da fim, shayari, da rawa), da kuma ɗakunan zane-zane na kowane zamani.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-05 |title=Art - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-05 |title=Programs - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/programs/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-06 |title=Learn - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/learn/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gidajen ==
An kafa gidan kayan gargajiya a 1963 a matsayin ƙungiya mai zaman kanta. Gidan kayan gargajiya na fasaha ya samo asali ne kawai a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya na zane-zane a kudancin [[Alabama]], tare da tarin ayyukan fasaha sama da 6,400, kamar zane-zane, sassaka, kayan ado, ayyuka akan takarda, da sana'o'i. Gidan tarihin yana cikin Langan Park mallakar birnin, kuma a cikin 2002, an faɗaɗa shi dalar Amurka miliyan 15, wanda The Architects Group of Mobile ta tsara, don ninka girmansa zuwa murabba'in ƙafa 86,444 (m2 8,030.91) akan kadada 9.3.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-09 |title=History - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/about/history/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan kayan gargajiya memba ne na shirin Gidajen Tarihi na Arewacin Amurka  da kuma shirin membobin Kudu maso Gabas. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mobile Museum of Art – North American Reciprocal Museum (NARM) Association® |url=https://narmassociation.org/members/mobile-museum-of-art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Southeastern Museums Conference - SERM Participants |url=https://www.semcdirect.net/SERM-Participants#Alabama |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.semcdirect.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarin abubuwa ==
[[File:Mobile_Museum_of_Art_02.JPG|left|thumb|Ra'ayi daga Museum Drive a Langan Park]]
Gidan kayan gargajiya yana karɓar bakuncin tarin kayayyaki da nune-nunen aro.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Tarin ya kunshi Mary da Charles Rodning Gallery of Asian Art,  Katharine C. Cochrane Gallery of American Art Collection, &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-11-13 |title=Asian Art – Mary and Charles Rodning Gallery |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/mary-charles-rodning-gallery/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Maisel Gallery of European Art. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-12-11 |title=ALL AMERICAN from the Collection |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/all-american-from-the-collection/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-23 |title=European Art: 17th – 19th Centuries |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/european-art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tarin [[Asiya]] ya ƙunshi zaɓin ayyukan da suka fara daga tagulla da yumbu na zamanin d ̄ a na kasar Sin zuwa ayyukan farkon karni na 20.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Gidan baje kolin Amurka yana da kayan daki, zane-zane da zane-zane wanda ya fara daga 1770 zuwa gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Gidan Tarihin Turai ya ƙunshi bayyani mai zurfi na zane-zanen Turai, bugawa, zane-zane, da zane-zane.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Har ila yau, gidan kayan gargajiya yana nuna tarin a kai a kai a cikin sababbin nune-nunen da aka sake tunanin su kamar su Alabama Print Portfolio,  Native American Art from the Collection,  Passion for Collecting,  da sauransu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-04-25 |title=Alabama Print Portfolio |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/alabama-print-portfolio/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-07-27 |title=NATIVE AMERICAN ART: From the Collection |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/native-american-art-collection/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-08-12 |title=PASSION FOR COLLECTING: The Schoenknecht – Paul Collection |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/passion-for-collecting/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gidan kayan gargajiya na fasaha kuma yana kula da jadawalin juyawa, nune-nunen na musamman wanda ya haɗa da aikin masu zane-zane na yanki da nune-nun da ke nuna aikin masu zane na ƙasa da na duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-13 |title=Special Exhibitions - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/art/special-exhibitions/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-13 |title=Past Exhibitions - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/art/past-exhibitions/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tun daga farko, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Mobile da Ƙungiyar Masu Taimakon Fasaha sun haɗu suka ɗauki nauyin bikin baje kolin fasaha da sana'o'in hannu na shekara-shekara, wanda ya tara kuɗi don yawancin manyan abubuwan da gidan tarihi ya mallaka. A shekara ta 2001 yayin da ake gina sabon wurin, Elise Haverty da Dr. J. Rhodes Haverty na Atlanta sun yi kyautar gilashin zamani ta farko. A fannin duniya, kyautarsu yanzu ta ƙunshi abubuwa sama da 183.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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{{Databox}}

Mobile Museum of Art (MMoA) gidan kayan gargajiya ne na fasaha wanda ke Mobile, [[Alabama]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mobile Museum Of Art : City of Mobile |url=https://www.cityofmobile.org/departments/mobile-museum-of-art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.cityofmobile.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya ƙunshi tarin fasaha masu yawa daga [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], [[Turai]], da kuma fasahar da ba ta yamma ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=Mobile Museum of Art}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan kayan gargajiya yana karbar bakuncin nune-nunen, shirye-shiryen fannoni da yawa (ciki har da fim, shayari, da rawa), da kuma ɗakunan zane-zane na kowane zamani.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-05 |title=Art - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-05 |title=Programs - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/programs/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-06 |title=Learn - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/learn/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gidajen ==
An kafa gidan kayan gargajiya a 1963 a matsayin ƙungiya mai zaman kanta. Gidan kayan gargajiya na fasaha ya samo asali ne kawai a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya na zane-zane a kudancin [[Alabama]], tare da tarin ayyukan fasaha sama da 6,400, kamar zane-zane, sassaka, kayan ado, ayyuka akan takarda, da sana'o'i. Gidan tarihin yana cikin Langan Park mallakar birnin, kuma a cikin 2002, an faɗaɗa shi dalar Amurka miliyan 15, wanda The Architects Group of Mobile ta tsara, don ninka girmansa zuwa murabba'in ƙafa 86,444 (m2 8,030.91) akan kadada 9.3.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-09 |title=History - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/about/history/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan kayan gargajiya memba ne na shirin Gidajen Tarihi na Arewacin Amurka  da kuma shirin membobin Kudu maso Gabas. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mobile Museum of Art – North American Reciprocal Museum (NARM) Association® |url=https://narmassociation.org/members/mobile-museum-of-art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Southeastern Museums Conference - SERM Participants |url=https://www.semcdirect.net/SERM-Participants#Alabama |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.semcdirect.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarin abubuwa ==
[[File:Mobile_Museum_of_Art_02.JPG|left|thumb|Ra'ayi daga Museum Drive a Langan Park]]
Gidan kayan gargajiya yana karɓar bakuncin tarin kayayyaki da nune-nunen aro.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Tarin ya kunshi Mary da Charles Rodning Gallery of Asian Art,  Katharine C. Cochrane Gallery of American Art Collection, &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-11-13 |title=Asian Art – Mary and Charles Rodning Gallery |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/mary-charles-rodning-gallery/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Maisel Gallery of European Art. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-12-11 |title=ALL AMERICAN from the Collection |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/all-american-from-the-collection/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-23 |title=European Art: 17th – 19th Centuries |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/european-art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tarin [[Asiya]] ya ƙunshi zaɓin ayyukan da suka fara daga tagulla da yumbu na zamanin d ̄ a na kasar Sin zuwa ayyukan farkon karni na 20.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Gidan baje kolin Amurka yana da kayan daki, zane-zane da zane-zane wanda ya fara daga 1770 zuwa gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Gidan Tarihin Turai ya ƙunshi bayyani mai zurfi na zane-zanen Turai, bugawa, zane-zane, da zane-zane.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Har ila yau, gidan kayan gargajiya yana nuna tarin a kai a kai a cikin sababbin nune-nunen da aka sake tunanin su kamar su Alabama Print Portfolio,  Native American Art from the Collection,  Passion for Collecting,  da sauransu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-04-25 |title=Alabama Print Portfolio |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/alabama-print-portfolio/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-07-27 |title=NATIVE AMERICAN ART: From the Collection |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/native-american-art-collection/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-08-12 |title=PASSION FOR COLLECTING: The Schoenknecht – Paul Collection |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/passion-for-collecting/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gidan kayan gargajiya na fasaha kuma yana kula da jadawalin juyawa, nune-nunen na musamman wanda ya haɗa da aikin masu zane-zane na yanki da nune-nun da ke nuna aikin masu zane na ƙasa da na duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-13 |title=Special Exhibitions - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/art/special-exhibitions/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-13 |title=Past Exhibitions - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/art/past-exhibitions/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tun daga farko, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Mobile da Ƙungiyar Masu Taimakon Fasaha sun haɗu suka ɗauki nauyin bikin baje kolin fasaha da sana'o'in hannu na shekara-shekara, wanda ya tara kuɗi don yawancin manyan abubuwan da gidan tarihi ya mallaka. A shekara ta 2001 yayin da ake gina sabon wurin, Elise Haverty da Dr. J. Rhodes Haverty na Atlanta sun yi kyautar gilashin zamani ta farko. A fannin duniya, kyautarsu yanzu ta ƙunshi abubuwa sama da 183.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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{{Databox}}

Mobile Museum of Art (MMoA) gidan kayan gargajiya ne na fasaha wanda ke Mobile, [[Alabama]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mobile Museum Of Art : City of Mobile |url=https://www.cityofmobile.org/departments/mobile-museum-of-art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.cityofmobile.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya ƙunshi tarin fasaha masu yawa daga [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], [[Turai]], da kuma fasahar da ba ta yamma ba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=Mobile Museum of Art}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan kayan gargajiya yana karbar bakuncin nune-nunen, shirye-shiryen fannoni da yawa (ciki har da fim, shayari, da rawa), da kuma ɗakunan zane-zane na kowane zamani.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-05 |title=Art - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-05 |title=Programs - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/programs/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-06 |title=Learn - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/learn/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gidajen ==
An kafa gidan kayan gargajiya a shekara ta alif 1963 a matsayin ƙungiya mai zaman kanta. Gidan kayan gargajiya na fasaha ya samo asali ne kawai a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya na zane-zane a kudancin [[Alabama]], tare da tarin ayyukan fasaha sama da 6,400, kamar zane-zane, sassaka, kayan ado, ayyuka akan takarda, da sana'o'i. Gidan tarihin yana cikin Langan Park mallakar birnin, kuma a cikin 2002, an faɗaɗa shi dalar Amurka miliyan 15, wanda The Architects Group of Mobile ta tsara, don ninka girmansa zuwa murabba'in ƙafa 86,444 (m2 8,030.91) akan kadada 9.3.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-09 |title=History - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/about/history/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gidan kayan gargajiya memba ne na shirin Gidajen Tarihi na Arewacin Amurka  da kuma shirin membobin Kudu maso Gabas. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mobile Museum of Art – North American Reciprocal Museum (NARM) Association® |url=https://narmassociation.org/members/mobile-museum-of-art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Southeastern Museums Conference - SERM Participants |url=https://www.semcdirect.net/SERM-Participants#Alabama |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.semcdirect.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tarin abubuwa ==
[[File:Mobile_Museum_of_Art_02.JPG|left|thumb|Ra'ayi daga Museum Drive a Langan Park]]
Gidan kayan gargajiya yana karɓar bakuncin tarin kayayyaki da nune-nunen aro.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Tarin ya kunshi Mary da Charles Rodning Gallery of Asian Art,  Katharine C. Cochrane Gallery of American Art Collection, &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-11-13 |title=Asian Art – Mary and Charles Rodning Gallery |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/mary-charles-rodning-gallery/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; da Maisel Gallery of European Art. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-12-11 |title=ALL AMERICAN from the Collection |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/all-american-from-the-collection/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-23 |title=European Art: 17th – 19th Centuries |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/european-art/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tarin [[Asiya]] ya ƙunshi zaɓin ayyukan da suka fara daga tagulla da yumbu na zamanin d ̄ a na kasar Sin zuwa ayyukan farkon karni na 20.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Gidan baje kolin Amurka yana da kayan daki, zane-zane da zane-zane wanda ya fara daga 1770 zuwa gaba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Gidan Tarihin Turai ya ƙunshi bayyani mai zurfi na zane-zanen Turai, bugawa, zane-zane, da zane-zane.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Har ila yau, gidan kayan gargajiya yana nuna tarin a kai a kai a cikin sababbin nune-nunen da aka sake tunanin su kamar su Alabama Print Portfolio,  Native American Art from the Collection,  Passion for Collecting,  da sauransu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-04-25 |title=Alabama Print Portfolio |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/alabama-print-portfolio/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-07-27 |title=NATIVE AMERICAN ART: From the Collection |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/native-american-art-collection/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-08-12 |title=PASSION FOR COLLECTING: The Schoenknecht – Paul Collection |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/exhibitions/passion-for-collecting/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gidan kayan gargajiya na fasaha kuma yana kula da jadawalin juyawa, nune-nunen na musamman wanda ya haɗa da aikin masu zane-zane na yanki da nune-nun da ke nuna aikin masu zane na ƙasa da na duniya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-13 |title=Special Exhibitions - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/art/special-exhibitions/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-09-13 |title=Past Exhibitions - Mobile Museum of Art |url=https://www.mobilemuseumofart.com/art/past-exhibitions/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.mobilemuseumofart.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tun daga farko, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Mobile da Ƙungiyar Masu Taimakon Fasaha sun haɗu suka ɗauki nauyin bikin baje kolin fasaha da sana'o'in hannu na shekara-shekara, wanda ya tara kuɗi don yawancin manyan abubuwan da gidan tarihi ya mallaka. A shekara ta 2001 yayin da ake gina sabon wurin, Elise Haverty da Dr. J. Rhodes Haverty na Atlanta sun yi kyautar gilashin zamani ta farko. A fannin duniya, kyautarsu yanzu ta ƙunshi abubuwa sama da 183.

== Manazarta ==</text>
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    <title>Zakhari Franklin</title>
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      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363429560|Zakhari Franklin]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Zakhari Franklin''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 2000) ɗan wasan kwallon kafa ne na ƙwallon ƙwallon . Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga UTSA Roadrunners, Ole Miss Rebels, da Illinois Fighting Illini .

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Franklin ya girma a Cedar Hill, Texas kuma ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Cedar Hill . ya kama 23 passes don 687 yadudduka da tara touchdowns.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 28, 2021 |title=Roland Parrish's Student Athlete of the Week: Zakhari Franklin |url=https://dallasweekly.com/2021/10/roland-parrishs-student-athlete-of-the-week-zakhari-franklin/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=Dallas Weekly}}&lt;/ref&gt; Franklin ya himmatu ga buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Texas a San Antonio (UTSA). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 5, 2019 |title=Cedar Hill WR Zakhari Franklin commits to UTSA |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/high-school-sports/2019/02/05/cedar-hill-wr-zakhari-franklin-commits-to-utsa/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[The Dallas Morning News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Franklin ya fara aikinsa na kwaleji yana wasa ga UTSA Roadrunners &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 12, 2019 |title=Freshman receiver Zakhari Franklin emerging for UTSA Roadrunners |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/college_sports/utsa/article/Freshman-receiver-Zakhari-Franklin-emerging-for-14830178.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami 38 kama don yadudduka 491 da kuma touchdowns uku a lokacin kakar wasa ta farko. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2022 |title=The Lone Star 50: No. 35 Zakhari Franklin ready to step into spotlight at UTSA |url=https://www.texasfootball.com/article/2022/07/23/the-lone-star-50-no-35-zakhari-franklin-ready-to-step-into-the-spotlight-at-utsa?ref=related_thumb |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[Dave Campbell's Texas Football]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba Franklin suna mai daraja All-Conference USA bayan ya kama 49 passes don 694 yadudduka da bakwai touchdowns a matsayin sophomore.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 5, 2021 |title=Takeaways: WR Franklin shines in UTSA's upset of Illinois |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/Takeaways-Receiver-Zakhari-Franklin-shines-in-16436730.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kira shi tawagar farko ta All-Conference USA a ƙarshen ƙaramin lokacinsa bayan ya kafa tarihin makaranta tare da kama 81, 1,027 karɓar yadudduka, da kuma 12 touchdown receptions.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2022 |title=UTSA's potent wideout trio aiming for explosive 2022 season |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/UTSA-s-potent-wideout-trio-aiming-for-explosive-17352933.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na babban jami'i, Franklin ya sake saita shirye-shiryensa tare da karɓar bakuncin 94 don yadudduka 1,136 da kuma touchdowns 15.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2023 |title=UTSA transfer Zakhari Franklin lands at Ole Miss |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/utsa-transfer-zakhari-franklin-lands-ole-miss-18134089.php |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan kakar, ya shiga tashar canja wurin NCAA kuma ya yi amfani da karin shekara ta cancanta da aka ba 'yan wasan koleji da suka taka leda a kakar 2020 saboda cutar coronavirus.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 28, 2023 |title=UTSA receiver Zakhari Franklin enters transfer portal |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/reports-utsa-receiver-zakhari-franklin-enters-17925998.php |access-date=May 10, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Franklin daga ƙarshe ya koma Ole Miss . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Backus |first=Will |date=June 3, 2023 |title=Ole Miss lands UTSA WR Zakhari Franklin, the top player available in transfer portal |url=https://www.cbssports.com/college-football/news/ole-miss-lands-utsa-wr-zakhari-franklin-the-top-player-available-in-transfer-portal/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[CBS Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kididdiga ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Karɓar
|-
!GP
!GS
!Rec
!Yards
!Avg
!TD
|-
!2019
!UTSA
|9
|4
|38
|491
|12.9
|3
|-
!2020
!UTSA
|10
|9
|49
|694
|'''14.2'''
|7
|-
!2021
!UTSA
|13
|13
|81
|1,027
|12.7
|12
|-
!2022
!UTSA
|'''14'''
|'''14'''
|'''94'''
|'''1,136'''
|12.1
|'''15'''
|-
!2023
!Ole Miss
|4
|2
|4
|38
|9.5
|1
|-
!2024
!Illinois
|13
|13
|55
|652
|11.9
|4
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/players/zakhari-franklin-1.html Ayyuka]
!63
!55
!321
!4,038
!12.6
!42
|}

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=1 1/8|weight=204|dash=4.64|ten split=1.66|twenty split=2.69|shuttle=4.38|cone drill=7.12|vertical=30.5|broad ft=9|broad in=9|arm span=33 5/8|hand span=10 1/2|note=All values from [[Pro Day]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://draftscout.com/dsprofile.php?PlayerId=1047421&amp;DraftYear=2025 |title=Zakhari Franklin College Football Profile |website=DraftScout.com |access-date=March 25, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

=== Masu Rawanni na Las Vegas ===
A ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2025, Franklin ya sanya hannu tare da Las Vegas Raiders a matsayin mai ba da kyauta bayan ya tafi ba tare da an zaba shi ba a cikin shirin NFL na 2025. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Raiders sign 15 undrafted free agents |url=https://www.raiders.com/news/raiders-sign-15-undrafted-free-agents-nfl-2025-transactions |access-date=10 May 2025 |website=Raiders.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An dakatar da shi a ranar 22 ga watan Yuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 22, 2025 |title=Raiders sign 5 free agents, waive 4 players |url=https://www.raiders.com/news/raiders-sign-jamal-adams-phillip-dorsett-nfl-players-transactions-2025-training-camp |access-date=23 July 2025 |website=Raiders.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Montreal Alouettes ===
A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2026, Franklin ya sanya hannu tare da Montreal Alouettes na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kanada (CFL). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dupont |first=Francis |date=February 25, 2026 |title=Alouettes sign American receiver Zakhari Franklin |url=https://en.montrealalouettes.com/2026/02/25/alouettes-sign-american-receiver-zakhari-franklin/ |access-date=March 27, 2026 |website=Montreal Alouettes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [https://goutsa.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari--franklin/7219 UTSA Roadrunners bio] An adana shi a ranar 5 ga Disamba, 2022, a 
* [https://olemisssports.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari-franklin/4898 Ole Miss Rebels bio]
* [https://fightingillini.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari-franklin/14532 Illinois Yaki da Illini bio]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969750</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-20T05:14:13Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Aluja</username>
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'''Zakhari Franklin''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 2000) ɗan wasan kwallon kafa ne na ƙwallon ƙwallon . Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga UTSA Roadrunners, Ole Miss Rebels, da Illinois Fighting Illini .

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Franklin ya girma a Cedar Hill, Texas kuma ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Cedar Hill . ya kama 23 passes don 687 yadudduka da tara touchdowns.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 28, 2021 |title=Roland Parrish's Student Athlete of the Week: Zakhari Franklin |url=https://dallasweekly.com/2021/10/roland-parrishs-student-athlete-of-the-week-zakhari-franklin/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=Dallas Weekly}}&lt;/ref&gt; Franklin ya himmatu ga buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Texas a San Antonio (UTSA). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 5, 2019 |title=Cedar Hill WR Zakhari Franklin commits to UTSA |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/high-school-sports/2019/02/05/cedar-hill-wr-zakhari-franklin-commits-to-utsa/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[The Dallas Morning News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Franklin ya fara aikinsa na kwaleji yana wasa ga UTSA Roadrunners &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 12, 2019 |title=Freshman receiver Zakhari Franklin emerging for UTSA Roadrunners |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/college_sports/utsa/article/Freshman-receiver-Zakhari-Franklin-emerging-for-14830178.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami 38 kama don yadudduka 491 da kuma touchdowns uku a lokacin kakar wasa ta farko. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2022 |title=The Lone Star 50: No. 35 Zakhari Franklin ready to step into spotlight at UTSA |url=https://www.texasfootball.com/article/2022/07/23/the-lone-star-50-no-35-zakhari-franklin-ready-to-step-into-the-spotlight-at-utsa?ref=related_thumb |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[Dave Campbell's Texas Football]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba Franklin suna mai daraja All-Conference USA bayan ya kama 49 passes don 694 yadudduka da bakwai touchdowns a matsayin sophomore.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 5, 2021 |title=Takeaways: WR Franklin shines in UTSA's upset of Illinois |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/Takeaways-Receiver-Zakhari-Franklin-shines-in-16436730.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kira shi tawagar farko ta All-Conference USA a ƙarshen ƙaramin lokacinsa bayan ya kafa tarihin makaranta tare da kama 81, 1,027 karɓar yadudduka, da kuma 12 touchdown receptions.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2022 |title=UTSA's potent wideout trio aiming for explosive 2022 season |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/UTSA-s-potent-wideout-trio-aiming-for-explosive-17352933.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na babban jami'i, Franklin ya sake saita shirye-shiryensa tare da karɓar bakuncin 94 don yadudduka 1,136 da kuma touchdowns 15.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2023 |title=UTSA transfer Zakhari Franklin lands at Ole Miss |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/utsa-transfer-zakhari-franklin-lands-ole-miss-18134089.php |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan kakar, ya shiga tashar canja wurin NCAA kuma ya yi amfani da karin shekara ta cancanta da aka ba 'yan wasan koleji da suka taka leda a kakar 2020 saboda cutar coronavirus.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 28, 2023 |title=UTSA receiver Zakhari Franklin enters transfer portal |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/reports-utsa-receiver-zakhari-franklin-enters-17925998.php |access-date=May 10, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Franklin daga ƙarshe ya koma Ole Miss . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Backus |first=Will |date=June 3, 2023 |title=Ole Miss lands UTSA WR Zakhari Franklin, the top player available in transfer portal |url=https://www.cbssports.com/college-football/news/ole-miss-lands-utsa-wr-zakhari-franklin-the-top-player-available-in-transfer-portal/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[CBS Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kididdiga ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Karɓar
|-
!GP
!GS
!Rec
!Yards
!Avg
!TD
|-
!2019
!UTSA
|9
|4
|38
|491
|12.9
|3
|-
!2020
!UTSA
|10
|9
|49
|694
|'''14.2'''
|7
|-
!2021
!UTSA
|13
|13
|81
|1,027
|12.7
|12
|-
!2022
!UTSA
|'''14'''
|'''14'''
|'''94'''
|'''1,136'''
|12.1
|'''15'''
|-
!2023
!Ole Miss
|4
|2
|4
|38
|9.5
|1
|-
!2024
!Illinois
|13
|13
|55
|652
|11.9
|4
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/players/zakhari-franklin-1.html Ayyuka]
!63
!55
!321
!4,038
!12.6
!42
|}

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=1 1/8|weight=204|dash=4.64|ten split=1.66|twenty split=2.69|shuttle=4.38|cone drill=7.12|vertical=30.5|broad ft=9|broad in=9|arm span=33 5/8|hand span=10 1/2|note=All values from [[Pro Day]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://draftscout.com/dsprofile.php?PlayerId=1047421&amp;DraftYear=2025 |title=Zakhari Franklin College Football Profile |website=DraftScout.com |access-date=March 25, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

=== Masu Rawanni na Las Vegas ===
A ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2025, Franklin ya sanya hannu tare da Las Vegas Raiders a matsayin mai ba da kyauta bayan ya tafi ba tare da an zaba shi ba a cikin shirin NFL na 2025. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Raiders sign 15 undrafted free agents |url=https://www.raiders.com/news/raiders-sign-15-undrafted-free-agents-nfl-2025-transactions |access-date=10 May 2025 |website=Raiders.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An dakatar da shi a ranar 22 ga watan Yuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 22, 2025 |title=Raiders sign 5 free agents, waive 4 players |url=https://www.raiders.com/news/raiders-sign-jamal-adams-phillip-dorsett-nfl-players-transactions-2025-training-camp |access-date=23 July 2025 |website=Raiders.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Montreal Alouettes ===
A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2026, Franklin ya sanya hannu tare da Montreal Alouettes na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kanada (CFL). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dupont |first=Francis |date=February 25, 2026 |title=Alouettes sign American receiver Zakhari Franklin |url=https://en.montrealalouettes.com/2026/02/25/alouettes-sign-american-receiver-zakhari-franklin/ |access-date=March 27, 2026 |website=Montreal Alouettes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [https://goutsa.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari--franklin/7219 UTSA Roadrunners bio] An adana shi a ranar 5 ga Disamba, 2022, a 
* [https://olemisssports.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari-franklin/4898 Ole Miss Rebels bio]
* [https://fightingillini.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari-franklin/14532 Illinois Yaki da Illini bio]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>969751</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-20T05:14:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
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      <text bytes="6741" sha1="7hgw1bivva5g9r5v820upmfbo5bk3sg" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Zakhari Franklin''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 2000) ɗan wasan kwallon kafa ne na ƙwallon ƙwallon . Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga UTSA Roadrunners, Ole Miss Rebels, da Illinois Fighting Illini .

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Franklin ya girma a Cedar Hill, Texas kuma ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Cedar Hill . ya kama 23 passes don 687 yadudduka da tara touchdowns.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 28, 2021 |title=Roland Parrish's Student Athlete of the Week: Zakhari Franklin |url=https://dallasweekly.com/2021/10/roland-parrishs-student-athlete-of-the-week-zakhari-franklin/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=Dallas Weekly}}&lt;/ref&gt; Franklin ya himmatu ga buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Texas a San Antonio (UTSA). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 5, 2019 |title=Cedar Hill WR Zakhari Franklin commits to UTSA |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/high-school-sports/2019/02/05/cedar-hill-wr-zakhari-franklin-commits-to-utsa/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[The Dallas Morning News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Franklin ya fara aikinsa na kwaleji yana wasa ga UTSA Roadrunners &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 12, 2019 |title=Freshman receiver Zakhari Franklin emerging for UTSA Roadrunners |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/college_sports/utsa/article/Freshman-receiver-Zakhari-Franklin-emerging-for-14830178.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami 38 kama don yadudduka 491 da kuma touchdowns uku a lokacin kakar wasa ta farko. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2022 |title=The Lone Star 50: No. 35 Zakhari Franklin ready to step into spotlight at UTSA |url=https://www.texasfootball.com/article/2022/07/23/the-lone-star-50-no-35-zakhari-franklin-ready-to-step-into-the-spotlight-at-utsa?ref=related_thumb |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[Dave Campbell's Texas Football]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba Franklin suna mai daraja All-Conference USA bayan ya kama 49 passes don 694 yadudduka da bakwai touchdowns a matsayin sophomore.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 5, 2021 |title=Takeaways: WR Franklin shines in UTSA's upset of Illinois |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/Takeaways-Receiver-Zakhari-Franklin-shines-in-16436730.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kira shi tawagar farko ta All-Conference USA a ƙarshen ƙaramin lokacinsa bayan ya kafa tarihin makaranta tare da kama 81, 1,027 karɓar yadudduka, da kuma 12 touchdown receptions.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2022 |title=UTSA's potent wideout trio aiming for explosive 2022 season |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/UTSA-s-potent-wideout-trio-aiming-for-explosive-17352933.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na babban jami'i, Franklin ya sake saita shirye-shiryensa tare da karɓar bakuncin 94 don yadudduka 1,136 da kuma touchdowns 15.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2023 |title=UTSA transfer Zakhari Franklin lands at Ole Miss |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/utsa-transfer-zakhari-franklin-lands-ole-miss-18134089.php |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan kakar, ya shiga tashar canja wurin NCAA kuma ya yi amfani da karin shekara ta cancanta da aka ba 'yan wasan koleji da suka taka leda a kakar 2020 saboda cutar coronavirus.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 28, 2023 |title=UTSA receiver Zakhari Franklin enters transfer portal |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/reports-utsa-receiver-zakhari-franklin-enters-17925998.php |access-date=May 10, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Franklin daga ƙarshe ya koma Ole Miss . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Backus |first=Will |date=June 3, 2023 |title=Ole Miss lands UTSA WR Zakhari Franklin, the top player available in transfer portal |url=https://www.cbssports.com/college-football/news/ole-miss-lands-utsa-wr-zakhari-franklin-the-top-player-available-in-transfer-portal/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[CBS Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kididdiga ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Karɓar
|-
!GP
!GS
!Rec
!Yards
!Avg
!TD
|-
!2019
!UTSA
|9
|4
|38
|491
|12.9
|3
|-
!2020
!UTSA
|10
|9
|49
|694
|'''14.2'''
|7
|-
!2021
!UTSA
|13
|13
|81
|1,027
|12.7
|12
|-
!2022
!UTSA
|'''14'''
|'''14'''
|'''94'''
|'''1,136'''
|12.1
|'''15'''
|-
!2023
!Ole Miss
|4
|2
|4
|38
|9.5
|1
|-
!2024
!Illinois
|13
|13
|55
|652
|11.9
|4
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/players/zakhari-franklin-1.html Ayyuka]
!63
!55
!321
!4,038
!12.6
!42
|}

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=1 1/8|weight=204|dash=4.64|ten split=1.66|twenty split=2.69|shuttle=4.38|cone drill=7.12|vertical=30.5|broad ft=9|broad in=9|arm span=33 5/8|hand span=10 1/2|note=All values from [[Pro Day]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://draftscout.com/dsprofile.php?PlayerId=1047421&amp;DraftYear=2025 |title=Zakhari Franklin College Football Profile |website=DraftScout.com |access-date=March 25, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

=== Masu Rawanni na Las Vegas ===
A ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2025, Franklin ya sanya hannu tare da Las Vegas Raiders a matsayin mai ba da kyauta bayan ya tafi ba tare da an zaba shi ba a cikin shirin NFL na 2025. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Raiders sign 15 undrafted free agents |url=https://www.raiders.com/news/raiders-sign-15-undrafted-free-agents-nfl-2025-transactions |access-date=10 May 2025 |website=Raiders.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An dakatar da shi a ranar 22 ga watan Yuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 22, 2025 |title=Raiders sign 5 free agents, waive 4 players |url=https://www.raiders.com/news/raiders-sign-jamal-adams-phillip-dorsett-nfl-players-transactions-2025-training-camp |access-date=23 July 2025 |website=Raiders.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Montreal Alouettes ===
A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2026, Franklin ya sanya hannu tare da Montreal Alouettes na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kanada (CFL). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dupont |first=Francis |date=February 25, 2026 |title=Alouettes sign American receiver Zakhari Franklin |url=https://en.montrealalouettes.com/2026/02/25/alouettes-sign-american-receiver-zakhari-franklin/ |access-date=March 27, 2026 |website=Montreal Alouettes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [https://goutsa.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari--franklin/7219 UTSA Roadrunners bio] An adana shi a ranar 5 ga Disamba, 2022, a 
* [https://olemisssports.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari-franklin/4898 Ole Miss Rebels bio]
* [https://fightingillini.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari-franklin/14532 Illinois Yaki da Illini bio]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]]</text>
      <sha1>7hgw1bivva5g9r5v820upmfbo5bk3sg</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969810</id>
      <parentid>969751</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:38:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>969810</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6747" sha1="lbjgfggagv05n3hdwy5zebtfp94x39i" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Zakhari Franklin''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga watan Oktoba, 2000) ɗan wasan kwallon kafa ne na ƙwallon ƙwallon . Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga UTSA Roadrunners, Ole Miss Rebels, da Illinois Fighting Illini .

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Franklin ya girma a Cedar Hill, Texas kuma ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Cedar Hill . ya kama 23 passes don 687 yadudduka da tara touchdowns.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 28, 2021 |title=Roland Parrish's Student Athlete of the Week: Zakhari Franklin |url=https://dallasweekly.com/2021/10/roland-parrishs-student-athlete-of-the-week-zakhari-franklin/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=Dallas Weekly}}&lt;/ref&gt; Franklin ya himmatu ga buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Texas a San Antonio (UTSA). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 5, 2019 |title=Cedar Hill WR Zakhari Franklin commits to UTSA |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/high-school-sports/2019/02/05/cedar-hill-wr-zakhari-franklin-commits-to-utsa/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[The Dallas Morning News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Franklin ya fara aikinsa na kwaleji yana wasa ga UTSA Roadrunners &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 12, 2019 |title=Freshman receiver Zakhari Franklin emerging for UTSA Roadrunners |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/college_sports/utsa/article/Freshman-receiver-Zakhari-Franklin-emerging-for-14830178.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami 38 kama don yadudduka 491 da kuma touchdowns uku a lokacin kakar wasa ta farko. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2022 |title=The Lone Star 50: No. 35 Zakhari Franklin ready to step into spotlight at UTSA |url=https://www.texasfootball.com/article/2022/07/23/the-lone-star-50-no-35-zakhari-franklin-ready-to-step-into-the-spotlight-at-utsa?ref=related_thumb |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[Dave Campbell's Texas Football]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba Franklin suna mai daraja All-Conference USA bayan ya kama 49 passes don 694 yadudduka da bakwai touchdowns a matsayin sophomore.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 5, 2021 |title=Takeaways: WR Franklin shines in UTSA's upset of Illinois |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/Takeaways-Receiver-Zakhari-Franklin-shines-in-16436730.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kira shi tawagar farko ta All-Conference USA a ƙarshen ƙaramin lokacinsa bayan ya kafa tarihin makaranta tare da kama 81, 1,027 karɓar yadudduka, da kuma 12 touchdown receptions.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2022 |title=UTSA's potent wideout trio aiming for explosive 2022 season |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/UTSA-s-potent-wideout-trio-aiming-for-explosive-17352933.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na babban jami'i, Franklin ya sake saita shirye-shiryensa tare da karɓar bakuncin 94 don yadudduka 1,136 da kuma touchdowns 15.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2023 |title=UTSA transfer Zakhari Franklin lands at Ole Miss |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/utsa-transfer-zakhari-franklin-lands-ole-miss-18134089.php |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan kakar, ya shiga tashar canja wurin NCAA kuma ya yi amfani da karin shekara ta cancanta da aka ba 'yan wasan koleji da suka taka leda a kakar 2020 saboda cutar coronavirus.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 28, 2023 |title=UTSA receiver Zakhari Franklin enters transfer portal |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/reports-utsa-receiver-zakhari-franklin-enters-17925998.php |access-date=May 10, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Franklin daga ƙarshe ya koma Ole Miss . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Backus |first=Will |date=June 3, 2023 |title=Ole Miss lands UTSA WR Zakhari Franklin, the top player available in transfer portal |url=https://www.cbssports.com/college-football/news/ole-miss-lands-utsa-wr-zakhari-franklin-the-top-player-available-in-transfer-portal/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[CBS Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kididdiga ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Karɓar
|-
!GP
!GS
!Rec
!Yards
!Avg
!TD
|-
!2019
!UTSA
|9
|4
|38
|491
|12.9
|3
|-
!2020
!UTSA
|10
|9
|49
|694
|'''14.2'''
|7
|-
!2021
!UTSA
|13
|13
|81
|1,027
|12.7
|12
|-
!2022
!UTSA
|'''14'''
|'''14'''
|'''94'''
|'''1,136'''
|12.1
|'''15'''
|-
!2023
!Ole Miss
|4
|2
|4
|38
|9.5
|1
|-
!2024
!Illinois
|13
|13
|55
|652
|11.9
|4
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/players/zakhari-franklin-1.html Ayyuka]
!63
!55
!321
!4,038
!12.6
!42
|}

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=1 1/8|weight=204|dash=4.64|ten split=1.66|twenty split=2.69|shuttle=4.38|cone drill=7.12|vertical=30.5|broad ft=9|broad in=9|arm span=33 5/8|hand span=10 1/2|note=All values from [[Pro Day]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://draftscout.com/dsprofile.php?PlayerId=1047421&amp;DraftYear=2025 |title=Zakhari Franklin College Football Profile |website=DraftScout.com |access-date=March 25, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

=== Masu Rawanni na Las Vegas ===
A ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2025, Franklin ya sanya hannu tare da Las Vegas Raiders a matsayin mai ba da kyauta bayan ya tafi ba tare da an zaba shi ba a cikin shirin NFL na 2025. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Raiders sign 15 undrafted free agents |url=https://www.raiders.com/news/raiders-sign-15-undrafted-free-agents-nfl-2025-transactions |access-date=10 May 2025 |website=Raiders.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An dakatar da shi a ranar 22 ga watan Yuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 22, 2025 |title=Raiders sign 5 free agents, waive 4 players |url=https://www.raiders.com/news/raiders-sign-jamal-adams-phillip-dorsett-nfl-players-transactions-2025-training-camp |access-date=23 July 2025 |website=Raiders.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Montreal Alouettes ===
A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2026, Franklin ya sanya hannu tare da Montreal Alouettes na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kanada (CFL). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dupont |first=Francis |date=February 25, 2026 |title=Alouettes sign American receiver Zakhari Franklin |url=https://en.montrealalouettes.com/2026/02/25/alouettes-sign-american-receiver-zakhari-franklin/ |access-date=March 27, 2026 |website=Montreal Alouettes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [https://goutsa.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari--franklin/7219 UTSA Roadrunners bio] An adana shi a ranar 5 ga Disamba, 2022, a 
* [https://olemisssports.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari-franklin/4898 Ole Miss Rebels bio]
* [https://fightingillini.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari-franklin/14532 Illinois Yaki da Illini bio]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]]</text>
      <sha1>lbjgfggagv05n3hdwy5zebtfp94x39i</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969811</id>
      <parentid>969810</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:38:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Masu Rawanni na Las Vegas */</comment>
      <origin>969811</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6753" sha1="c01sgremi5ll8btbeu9p9yi824k3d7s" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Zakhari Franklin''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga watan Oktoba, 2000) ɗan wasan kwallon kafa ne na ƙwallon ƙwallon . Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga UTSA Roadrunners, Ole Miss Rebels, da Illinois Fighting Illini .

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Franklin ya girma a Cedar Hill, Texas kuma ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Cedar Hill . ya kama 23 passes don 687 yadudduka da tara touchdowns.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 28, 2021 |title=Roland Parrish's Student Athlete of the Week: Zakhari Franklin |url=https://dallasweekly.com/2021/10/roland-parrishs-student-athlete-of-the-week-zakhari-franklin/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=Dallas Weekly}}&lt;/ref&gt; Franklin ya himmatu ga buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Texas a San Antonio (UTSA). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=February 5, 2019 |title=Cedar Hill WR Zakhari Franklin commits to UTSA |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/high-school-sports/2019/02/05/cedar-hill-wr-zakhari-franklin-commits-to-utsa/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[The Dallas Morning News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Franklin ya fara aikinsa na kwaleji yana wasa ga UTSA Roadrunners &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=November 12, 2019 |title=Freshman receiver Zakhari Franklin emerging for UTSA Roadrunners |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/college_sports/utsa/article/Freshman-receiver-Zakhari-Franklin-emerging-for-14830178.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya sami 38 kama don yadudduka 491 da kuma touchdowns uku a lokacin kakar wasa ta farko. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2022 |title=The Lone Star 50: No. 35 Zakhari Franklin ready to step into spotlight at UTSA |url=https://www.texasfootball.com/article/2022/07/23/the-lone-star-50-no-35-zakhari-franklin-ready-to-step-into-the-spotlight-at-utsa?ref=related_thumb |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[Dave Campbell's Texas Football]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An ba Franklin suna mai daraja All-Conference USA bayan ya kama 49 passes don 694 yadudduka da bakwai touchdowns a matsayin sophomore.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 5, 2021 |title=Takeaways: WR Franklin shines in UTSA's upset of Illinois |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/Takeaways-Receiver-Zakhari-Franklin-shines-in-16436730.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; An kira shi tawagar farko ta All-Conference USA a ƙarshen ƙaramin lokacinsa bayan ya kafa tarihin makaranta tare da kama 81, 1,027 karɓar yadudduka, da kuma 12 touchdown receptions.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2022 |title=UTSA's potent wideout trio aiming for explosive 2022 season |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/UTSA-s-potent-wideout-trio-aiming-for-explosive-17352933.php |access-date=July 25, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na babban jami'i, Franklin ya sake saita shirye-shiryensa tare da karɓar bakuncin 94 don yadudduka 1,136 da kuma touchdowns 15.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2023 |title=UTSA transfer Zakhari Franklin lands at Ole Miss |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/utsa-transfer-zakhari-franklin-lands-ole-miss-18134089.php |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bayan kakar, ya shiga tashar canja wurin NCAA kuma ya yi amfani da karin shekara ta cancanta da aka ba 'yan wasan koleji da suka taka leda a kakar 2020 saboda cutar coronavirus.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=April 28, 2023 |title=UTSA receiver Zakhari Franklin enters transfer portal |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/colleges/utsa/article/reports-utsa-receiver-zakhari-franklin-enters-17925998.php |access-date=May 10, 2023 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Franklin daga ƙarshe ya koma Ole Miss . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Backus |first=Will |date=June 3, 2023 |title=Ole Miss lands UTSA WR Zakhari Franklin, the top player available in transfer portal |url=https://www.cbssports.com/college-football/news/ole-miss-lands-utsa-wr-zakhari-franklin-the-top-player-available-in-transfer-portal/ |access-date=June 22, 2023 |website=[[CBS Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kididdiga ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Karɓar
|-
!GP
!GS
!Rec
!Yards
!Avg
!TD
|-
!2019
!UTSA
|9
|4
|38
|491
|12.9
|3
|-
!2020
!UTSA
|10
|9
|49
|694
|'''14.2'''
|7
|-
!2021
!UTSA
|13
|13
|81
|1,027
|12.7
|12
|-
!2022
!UTSA
|'''14'''
|'''14'''
|'''94'''
|'''1,136'''
|12.1
|'''15'''
|-
!2023
!Ole Miss
|4
|2
|4
|38
|9.5
|1
|-
!2024
!Illinois
|13
|13
|55
|652
|11.9
|4
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/players/zakhari-franklin-1.html Ayyuka]
!63
!55
!321
!4,038
!12.6
!42
|}

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft|height ft=6|height in=1 1/8|weight=204|dash=4.64|ten split=1.66|twenty split=2.69|shuttle=4.38|cone drill=7.12|vertical=30.5|broad ft=9|broad in=9|arm span=33 5/8|hand span=10 1/2|note=All values from [[Pro Day]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://draftscout.com/dsprofile.php?PlayerId=1047421&amp;DraftYear=2025 |title=Zakhari Franklin College Football Profile |website=DraftScout.com |access-date=March 25, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

=== Masu Rawanni na Las Vegas ===
A ranar 9 ga watan Mayu, 2025, Franklin ya sanya hannu tare da Las Vegas Raiders a matsayin mai ba da kyauta bayan ya tafi ba tare da an zaba shi ba a cikin shirin NFL na 2025. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Raiders sign 15 undrafted free agents |url=https://www.raiders.com/news/raiders-sign-15-undrafted-free-agents-nfl-2025-transactions |access-date=10 May 2025 |website=Raiders.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; An dakatar da shi a ranar 22 ga watan Yuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 22, 2025 |title=Raiders sign 5 free agents, waive 4 players |url=https://www.raiders.com/news/raiders-sign-jamal-adams-phillip-dorsett-nfl-players-transactions-2025-training-camp |access-date=23 July 2025 |website=Raiders.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Montreal Alouettes ===
A ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2026, Franklin ya sanya hannu tare da Montreal Alouettes na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kanada (CFL). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dupont |first=Francis |date=February 25, 2026 |title=Alouettes sign American receiver Zakhari Franklin |url=https://en.montrealalouettes.com/2026/02/25/alouettes-sign-american-receiver-zakhari-franklin/ |access-date=March 27, 2026 |website=Montreal Alouettes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}

== Haɗin waje ==

* [https://goutsa.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari--franklin/7219 UTSA Roadrunners bio] An adana shi a ranar 5 ga Disamba, 2022, a 
* [https://olemisssports.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari-franklin/4898 Ole Miss Rebels bio]
* [https://fightingillini.com/sports/football/roster/zakhari-franklin/14532 Illinois Yaki da Illini bio]
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 2000]]</text>
      <sha1>c01sgremi5ll8btbeu9p9yi824k3d7s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chris Kelsay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179677</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969752</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T05:20:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1370117371|Chris Kelsay]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>969752</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6838" sha1="9896jwnjnv61m5dkowwh89w49xdb6gb" xml:space="preserve">
'''Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Christopher Kelsay''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 1979) tsohon dan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ya buga dukkan aikinsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Buffalo Bills na National Football League (NFL). Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Nebraska Cornhuskers . Bills ne suka zaba Kelsay a zagaye na biyu (48th overall) na Shirin NFL na 2003 kuma shine na shida da aka zaba a cikin shirin.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Auburn a Auburn, Nebraska Ya kasance mai tsaron gida a matsayin babban jami'in bayan ya yi rikodin 142 tackles (69 solos), 14 sacks, 3 fumbles tilasta, da kuma sauye-sauye biyu. A shekara ta 1996, ya kasance dan wasan layi na jihar, wanda ya jagoranci Auburn zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na jihar. Ya kuma taka leda sosai a kan laifi. A wasan kwando, ya kasance sau biyu All-Class C-1 basketball selection, matsakaicin maki 16 da 8.4 rebounds a wasa, a taimaka wa Auburn zuwa rikodin 17-3 a 1997-98. A cikin waƙa, ya gama na biyar a cikin Class B harbi kuma yana da mafi kyawun jefawa na   11 + 1⁄2 in (17.361 .{{Cvt|56|ft|11+1/2|in}}

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Daga nan sai ya ci gaba da buga wa Nebraska Cornhuskers wasa don kwallon kafa na kwaleji. An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na masanin NCAA a shekara ta 2002. A cikin wasanni 43 a Nebraska, ya rubuta 135 tackles (61 solos) tare da 13 sacks, 33 stops for loss, 43 quarterback matsa lamba, 9 pass deflections da 2 tilasta fumbles Ya sami Verizon / CoSIDA Academic All-District VII girmamawa a cikin kowane yanayi uku da ya gabata kuma a 2002 ya kasance National Football Foundation / College Hall of Fame Scholar-Athlete ($18,000 postgraduate scholarship scholarship recei) A matsayin babban wasa na farko da na karshe na karshe na farko da kuma rikodin 18 QB stocks na biyu (17 da kuma rikitarwa) All-Sets)  Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya kasance na ƙungiyar ta biyu ta All-America ta hanyar Football News da kuma ƙungiyar ta biyu da aka zaɓa ta All-Big 12 Conference bayan fara kowane wasa a ƙarshen tsaron dama da yin rikodin 52 tackles (27 solos) tare da sacks biyar da 17 stops don asarar. Ya kammala karatu a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002 tare da 3.6 GPA da digiri a fannin kudi.

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft}}An zaba shi a zagaye na biyu na 2003 NFL Draft (48th overall) ta Buffalo Bills kuma shi ne na shida na tsaron da aka zaba a cikin shirin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2003 NFL Draft Listing |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/2003/draft.htm |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na rookie Kelsay ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 19 tackles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chris Kelsay 2003 Game Log |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/K/KelsCh21/gamelog/2003/ |access-date=2025-05-10 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2004, ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya fara tara kuma ya rubuta 40 tackles da 4.5 sacks tare da 14 QB matsa lamba. A shekara ta 2005, ya fara dukkan wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 41 tackles da 2.5 sacks. Kelsay ya samar da kakar wasa a shekara ta 2006 inda ya ga manyan ayyukan aiki a cikin tackles tare da 88 da sacks da ke buga 5.5. Yana gab da shiga kasuwar wakilin kyauta a shekara ta 2007 amma an sake sanya hannu kafin hukumar kyauta ta fara yarjejeniyar shekaru 4, dala miliyan 23. Ya taka leda a kowane wasa tun shekara ta 2003. A shekara ta 2007, an zabe shi a matsayin kyaftin din tsaro kuma ya fara wasanni 11 na farko na kakar kuma ya rasa sauran saboda raunin da ya samu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#90 Chris Kelsay - Buffalo Bills |url=http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080123192813/http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |archive-date=2008-01-23 |access-date=2008-02-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya sanar da ritayar sa a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2013, bayan shekaru 10 a NFL, duk tare da Buffalo Bills . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bills DE Chris Kelsay announces plans to retire after 10 seasons in Buffalo - the Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301192022/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |archive-date=2013-03-01 |access-date=2017-08-25 |website=[[The Globe and Mail]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kididdigar aikin NFL ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Labari
|-
|'''Ƙarfin zuciya'''
|Babban aikinsa
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Takalma
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Tsayarwa
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Rashin hankali
|-
!GP
!GS
!Cmb
!Kawai
!Ast
!Sck
!TFL
!Intane-tashen hankula
!Yds
!TD
!Lng
!PD
!FF
!FR
!Yds
!TD
|-
!2003
!BUF
|'''16'''
|0
|19
|12
|7
|0.0
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2004
!BUF
|'''16'''
|10
|38
|23
|15
|4.5
|8
|'''1'''
|3
|0
|3
|2
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|-
!2005
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|45
|26
|19
|2.5
|3
|'''1'''
|'''17'''
|0
|'''17'''
|4
|1
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|-
!2006
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|'''5.5'''
|7
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2007
!BUF
|14
|14
|43
|34
|9
|2.5
|'''9'''
|'''1'''
|0
|'''1'''
|0
|3
|0
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2008
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|47
|33
|14
|2.0
|'''9'''
|0
|0
|0
|0
|'''5'''
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2009
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|5.0
|6
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2010
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|'''72'''
|'''46'''
|'''26'''
|3.5
|5
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2011
!BUF
|12
|12
|41
|25
|16
|5.0
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2012
!BUF
|9
|4
|14
|12
|2
|2.0
|4
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
!147
!120
!443
!293
!150
!32.5
!56
!3
!20
!1
!17
!21
!8
!6
!2
!0
|}

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Ɗan'uwansa, Chadi Kelsay, shi ma ya taka leda a NFL.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#57 Chris Kelsay |url=https://huskers.com/sports/football/roster/season/1998/player/chris-kelsay |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080137/http://www.huskers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=4299 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=10 August 2014 |publisher=huskers.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya yi aure a ranar 13 ga Maris, 2004; sunan matarsa shine Natalie kuma suna da 'yar, Harper, a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 2006. Kelsay ɗan Steve ne da Jackie Kelsay .

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]]</text>
      <sha1>9896jwnjnv61m5dkowwh89w49xdb6gb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969753</id>
      <parentid>969752</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T05:21:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>969753</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6595" sha1="20eip4rwijq8ijajpuni84n3zw5or7p" xml:space="preserve">
'''Christopher Kelsay''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 1979) tsohon dan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ya buga dukkan aikinsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Buffalo Bills na National Football League (NFL). Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Nebraska Cornhuskers . Bills ne suka zaba Kelsay a zagaye na biyu (48th overall) na Shirin NFL na 2003 kuma shine na shida da aka zaba a cikin shirin.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Auburn a Auburn, Nebraska Ya kasance mai tsaron gida a matsayin babban jami'in bayan ya yi rikodin 142 tackles (69 solos), 14 sacks, 3 fumbles tilasta, da kuma sauye-sauye biyu. A shekara ta 1996, ya kasance dan wasan layi na jihar, wanda ya jagoranci Auburn zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na jihar. Ya kuma taka leda sosai a kan laifi. A wasan kwando, ya kasance sau biyu All-Class C-1 basketball selection, matsakaicin maki 16 da 8.4 rebounds a wasa, a taimaka wa Auburn zuwa rikodin 17-3 a 1997-98. A cikin waƙa, ya gama na biyar a cikin Class B harbi kuma yana da mafi kyawun jefawa na   11 + 1⁄2 in (17.361 .{{Cvt|56|ft|11+1/2|in}}

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Daga nan sai ya ci gaba da buga wa Nebraska Cornhuskers wasa don kwallon kafa na kwaleji. An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na masanin NCAA a shekara ta 2002. A cikin wasanni 43 a Nebraska, ya rubuta 135 tackles (61 solos) tare da 13 sacks, 33 stops for loss, 43 quarterback matsa lamba, 9 pass deflections da 2 tilasta fumbles Ya sami Verizon / CoSIDA Academic All-District VII girmamawa a cikin kowane yanayi uku da ya gabata kuma a 2002 ya kasance National Football Foundation / College Hall of Fame Scholar-Athlete ($18,000 postgraduate scholarship scholarship recei) A matsayin babban wasa na farko da na karshe na karshe na farko da kuma rikodin 18 QB stocks na biyu (17 da kuma rikitarwa) All-Sets)  Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya kasance na ƙungiyar ta biyu ta All-America ta hanyar Football News da kuma ƙungiyar ta biyu da aka zaɓa ta All-Big 12 Conference bayan fara kowane wasa a ƙarshen tsaron dama da yin rikodin 52 tackles (27 solos) tare da sacks biyar da 17 stops don asarar. Ya kammala karatu a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002 tare da 3.6 GPA da digiri a fannin kudi.

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft}}An zaba shi a zagaye na biyu na 2003 NFL Draft (48th overall) ta Buffalo Bills kuma shi ne na shida na tsaron da aka zaba a cikin shirin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2003 NFL Draft Listing |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/2003/draft.htm |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na rookie Kelsay ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 19 tackles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chris Kelsay 2003 Game Log |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/K/KelsCh21/gamelog/2003/ |access-date=2025-05-10 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2004, ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya fara tara kuma ya rubuta 40 tackles da 4.5 sacks tare da 14 QB matsa lamba. A shekara ta 2005, ya fara dukkan wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 41 tackles da 2.5 sacks. Kelsay ya samar da kakar wasa a shekara ta 2006 inda ya ga manyan ayyukan aiki a cikin tackles tare da 88 da sacks da ke buga 5.5. Yana gab da shiga kasuwar wakilin kyauta a shekara ta 2007 amma an sake sanya hannu kafin hukumar kyauta ta fara yarjejeniyar shekaru 4, dala miliyan 23. Ya taka leda a kowane wasa tun shekara ta 2003. A shekara ta 2007, an zabe shi a matsayin kyaftin din tsaro kuma ya fara wasanni 11 na farko na kakar kuma ya rasa sauran saboda raunin da ya samu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#90 Chris Kelsay - Buffalo Bills |url=http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080123192813/http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |archive-date=2008-01-23 |access-date=2008-02-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya sanar da ritayar sa a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2013, bayan shekaru 10 a NFL, duk tare da Buffalo Bills . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bills DE Chris Kelsay announces plans to retire after 10 seasons in Buffalo - the Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301192022/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |archive-date=2013-03-01 |access-date=2017-08-25 |website=[[The Globe and Mail]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kididdigar aikin NFL ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Labari
|-
|'''Ƙarfin zuciya'''
|Babban aikinsa
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Takalma
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Tsayarwa
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Rashin hankali
|-
!GP
!GS
!Cmb
!Kawai
!Ast
!Sck
!TFL
!Intane-tashen hankula
!Yds
!TD
!Lng
!PD
!FF
!FR
!Yds
!TD
|-
!2003
!BUF
|'''16'''
|0
|19
|12
|7
|0.0
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2004
!BUF
|'''16'''
|10
|38
|23
|15
|4.5
|8
|'''1'''
|3
|0
|3
|2
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|-
!2005
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|45
|26
|19
|2.5
|3
|'''1'''
|'''17'''
|0
|'''17'''
|4
|1
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|-
!2006
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|'''5.5'''
|7
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2007
!BUF
|14
|14
|43
|34
|9
|2.5
|'''9'''
|'''1'''
|0
|'''1'''
|0
|3
|0
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2008
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|47
|33
|14
|2.0
|'''9'''
|0
|0
|0
|0
|'''5'''
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2009
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|5.0
|6
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2010
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|'''72'''
|'''46'''
|'''26'''
|3.5
|5
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2011
!BUF
|12
|12
|41
|25
|16
|5.0
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2012
!BUF
|9
|4
|14
|12
|2
|2.0
|4
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
!147
!120
!443
!293
!150
!32.5
!56
!3
!20
!1
!17
!21
!8
!6
!2
!0
|}

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Ɗan'uwansa, Chadi Kelsay, shi ma ya taka leda a NFL.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#57 Chris Kelsay |url=https://huskers.com/sports/football/roster/season/1998/player/chris-kelsay |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080137/http://www.huskers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=4299 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=10 August 2014 |publisher=huskers.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya yi aure a ranar 13 ga Maris, 2004; sunan matarsa shine Natalie kuma suna da 'yar, Harper, a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 2006. Kelsay ɗan Steve ne da Jackie Kelsay .

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]]</text>
      <sha1>20eip4rwijq8ijajpuni84n3zw5or7p</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969754</id>
      <parentid>969753</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T05:24:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ayyukan sana'a */</comment>
      <origin>969754</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7156" sha1="rdfzw1o4nifd9p094uahctymen5r0ez" xml:space="preserve">
'''Christopher Kelsay''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 1979) tsohon dan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ya buga dukkan aikinsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Buffalo Bills na National Football League (NFL). Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Nebraska Cornhuskers . Bills ne suka zaba Kelsay a zagaye na biyu (48th overall) na Shirin NFL na 2003 kuma shine na shida da aka zaba a cikin shirin.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Auburn a Auburn, Nebraska Ya kasance mai tsaron gida a matsayin babban jami'in bayan ya yi rikodin 142 tackles (69 solos), 14 sacks, 3 fumbles tilasta, da kuma sauye-sauye biyu. A shekara ta 1996, ya kasance dan wasan layi na jihar, wanda ya jagoranci Auburn zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na jihar. Ya kuma taka leda sosai a kan laifi. A wasan kwando, ya kasance sau biyu All-Class C-1 basketball selection, matsakaicin maki 16 da 8.4 rebounds a wasa, a taimaka wa Auburn zuwa rikodin 17-3 a 1997-98. A cikin waƙa, ya gama na biyar a cikin Class B harbi kuma yana da mafi kyawun jefawa na   11 + 1⁄2 in (17.361 .{{Cvt|56|ft|11+1/2|in}}

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Daga nan sai ya ci gaba da buga wa Nebraska Cornhuskers wasa don kwallon kafa na kwaleji. An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na masanin NCAA a shekara ta 2002. A cikin wasanni 43 a Nebraska, ya rubuta 135 tackles (61 solos) tare da 13 sacks, 33 stops for loss, 43 quarterback matsa lamba, 9 pass deflections da 2 tilasta fumbles Ya sami Verizon / CoSIDA Academic All-District VII girmamawa a cikin kowane yanayi uku da ya gabata kuma a 2002 ya kasance National Football Foundation / College Hall of Fame Scholar-Athlete ($18,000 postgraduate scholarship scholarship recei) A matsayin babban wasa na farko da na karshe na karshe na farko da kuma rikodin 18 QB stocks na biyu (17 da kuma rikitarwa) All-Sets)  Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya kasance na ƙungiyar ta biyu ta All-America ta hanyar Football News da kuma ƙungiyar ta biyu da aka zaɓa ta All-Big 12 Conference bayan fara kowane wasa a ƙarshen tsaron dama da yin rikodin 52 tackles (27 solos) tare da sacks biyar da 17 stops don asarar. Ya kammala karatu a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002 tare da 3.6 GPA da digiri a fannin kudi.

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft
| height ft    = 6
| height in    = 4 3/8
| weight       = 273
| arm span     = 32 1/2
| hand span    = 9 7/8
| dash         = 4.78
| ten split    = 1.63
| twenty split = 2.76
| vertical     = 36.5
| broad ft     = 10
| broad in     = 1
| bench        = 23
| wonderlic    = 
| note         = All values from [[NFL Scouting Combine|NFL Combine]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://draftscout.com/dsprofile.php?PlayerId=1018&amp;DraftYear=2003 |title=Chris Kelsay, Nebraska, DE, 2003 NFL Draft Scout, NCAA College Football |website=DraftScout.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

{{NFL predraft}}An zaba shi a zagaye na biyu na 2003 NFL Draft (48th overall) ta Buffalo Bills kuma shi ne na shida na tsaron da aka zaba a cikin shirin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2003 NFL Draft Listing |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/2003/draft.htm |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na rookie Kelsay ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 19 tackles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chris Kelsay 2003 Game Log |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/K/KelsCh21/gamelog/2003/ |access-date=2025-05-10 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2004, ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya fara tara kuma ya rubuta 40 tackles da 4.5 sacks tare da 14 QB matsa lamba. A shekara ta 2005, ya fara dukkan wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 41 tackles da 2.5 sacks. Kelsay ya samar da kakar wasa a shekara ta 2006 inda ya ga manyan ayyukan aiki a cikin tackles tare da 88 da sacks da ke buga 5.5. Yana gab da shiga kasuwar wakilin kyauta a shekara ta 2007 amma an sake sanya hannu kafin hukumar kyauta ta fara yarjejeniyar shekaru 4, dala miliyan 23. Ya taka leda a kowane wasa tun shekara ta 2003. A shekara ta 2007, an zabe shi a matsayin kyaftin din tsaro kuma ya fara wasanni 11 na farko na kakar kuma ya rasa sauran saboda raunin da ya samu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#90 Chris Kelsay - Buffalo Bills |url=http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080123192813/http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |archive-date=2008-01-23 |access-date=2008-02-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya sanar da ritayar sa a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2013, bayan shekaru 10 a NFL, duk tare da Buffalo Bills . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bills DE Chris Kelsay announces plans to retire after 10 seasons in Buffalo - the Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301192022/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |archive-date=2013-03-01 |access-date=2017-08-25 |website=[[The Globe and Mail]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kididdigar aikin NFL ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Labari
|-
|'''Ƙarfin zuciya'''
|Babban aikinsa
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Takalma
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Tsayarwa
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Rashin hankali
|-
!GP
!GS
!Cmb
!Kawai
!Ast
!Sck
!TFL
!Intane-tashen hankula
!Yds
!TD
!Lng
!PD
!FF
!FR
!Yds
!TD
|-
!2003
!BUF
|'''16'''
|0
|19
|12
|7
|0.0
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2004
!BUF
|'''16'''
|10
|38
|23
|15
|4.5
|8
|'''1'''
|3
|0
|3
|2
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|-
!2005
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|45
|26
|19
|2.5
|3
|'''1'''
|'''17'''
|0
|'''17'''
|4
|1
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|-
!2006
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|'''5.5'''
|7
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2007
!BUF
|14
|14
|43
|34
|9
|2.5
|'''9'''
|'''1'''
|0
|'''1'''
|0
|3
|0
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2008
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|47
|33
|14
|2.0
|'''9'''
|0
|0
|0
|0
|'''5'''
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2009
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|5.0
|6
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2010
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|'''72'''
|'''46'''
|'''26'''
|3.5
|5
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2011
!BUF
|12
|12
|41
|25
|16
|5.0
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2012
!BUF
|9
|4
|14
|12
|2
|2.0
|4
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
!147
!120
!443
!293
!150
!32.5
!56
!3
!20
!1
!17
!21
!8
!6
!2
!0
|}

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Ɗan'uwansa, Chadi Kelsay, shi ma ya taka leda a NFL.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#57 Chris Kelsay |url=https://huskers.com/sports/football/roster/season/1998/player/chris-kelsay |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080137/http://www.huskers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=4299 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=10 August 2014 |publisher=huskers.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya yi aure a ranar 13 ga Maris, 2004; sunan matarsa shine Natalie kuma suna da 'yar, Harper, a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 2006. Kelsay ɗan Steve ne da Jackie Kelsay .

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]]</text>
      <sha1>rdfzw1o4nifd9p094uahctymen5r0ez</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969755</id>
      <parentid>969754</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T05:24:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ayyukan sana'a */</comment>
      <origin>969755</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7140" sha1="rforcaru2g7w26g1vtvsttthu5c0md4" xml:space="preserve">
'''Christopher Kelsay''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 1979) tsohon dan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ya buga dukkan aikinsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Buffalo Bills na National Football League (NFL). Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Nebraska Cornhuskers . Bills ne suka zaba Kelsay a zagaye na biyu (48th overall) na Shirin NFL na 2003 kuma shine na shida da aka zaba a cikin shirin.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Auburn a Auburn, Nebraska Ya kasance mai tsaron gida a matsayin babban jami'in bayan ya yi rikodin 142 tackles (69 solos), 14 sacks, 3 fumbles tilasta, da kuma sauye-sauye biyu. A shekara ta 1996, ya kasance dan wasan layi na jihar, wanda ya jagoranci Auburn zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na jihar. Ya kuma taka leda sosai a kan laifi. A wasan kwando, ya kasance sau biyu All-Class C-1 basketball selection, matsakaicin maki 16 da 8.4 rebounds a wasa, a taimaka wa Auburn zuwa rikodin 17-3 a 1997-98. A cikin waƙa, ya gama na biyar a cikin Class B harbi kuma yana da mafi kyawun jefawa na   11 + 1⁄2 in (17.361 .{{Cvt|56|ft|11+1/2|in}}

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Daga nan sai ya ci gaba da buga wa Nebraska Cornhuskers wasa don kwallon kafa na kwaleji. An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na masanin NCAA a shekara ta 2002. A cikin wasanni 43 a Nebraska, ya rubuta 135 tackles (61 solos) tare da 13 sacks, 33 stops for loss, 43 quarterback matsa lamba, 9 pass deflections da 2 tilasta fumbles Ya sami Verizon / CoSIDA Academic All-District VII girmamawa a cikin kowane yanayi uku da ya gabata kuma a 2002 ya kasance National Football Foundation / College Hall of Fame Scholar-Athlete ($18,000 postgraduate scholarship scholarship recei) A matsayin babban wasa na farko da na karshe na karshe na farko da kuma rikodin 18 QB stocks na biyu (17 da kuma rikitarwa) All-Sets)  Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya kasance na ƙungiyar ta biyu ta All-America ta hanyar Football News da kuma ƙungiyar ta biyu da aka zaɓa ta All-Big 12 Conference bayan fara kowane wasa a ƙarshen tsaron dama da yin rikodin 52 tackles (27 solos) tare da sacks biyar da 17 stops don asarar. Ya kammala karatu a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002 tare da 3.6 GPA da digiri a fannin kudi.

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft
| height ft    = 6
| height in    = 4 3/8
| weight       = 273
| arm span     = 32 1/2
| hand span    = 9 7/8
| dash         = 4.78
| ten split    = 1.63
| twenty split = 2.76
| vertical     = 36.5
| broad ft     = 10
| broad in     = 1
| bench        = 23
| wonderlic    = 
| note         = All values from [[NFL Scouting Combine|NFL Combine]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://draftscout.com/dsprofile.php?PlayerId=1018&amp;DraftYear=2003 |title=Chris Kelsay, Nebraska, DE, 2003 NFL Draft Scout, NCAA College Football |website=DraftScout.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

An zaba shi a zagaye na biyu na 2003 NFL Draft (48th overall) ta Buffalo Bills kuma shi ne na shida na tsaron da aka zaba a cikin shirin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2003 NFL Draft Listing |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/2003/draft.htm |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na rookie Kelsay ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 19 tackles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chris Kelsay 2003 Game Log |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/K/KelsCh21/gamelog/2003/ |access-date=2025-05-10 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2004, ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya fara tara kuma ya rubuta 40 tackles da 4.5 sacks tare da 14 QB matsa lamba. A shekara ta 2005, ya fara dukkan wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 41 tackles da 2.5 sacks. Kelsay ya samar da kakar wasa a shekara ta 2006 inda ya ga manyan ayyukan aiki a cikin tackles tare da 88 da sacks da ke buga 5.5. Yana gab da shiga kasuwar wakilin kyauta a shekara ta 2007 amma an sake sanya hannu kafin hukumar kyauta ta fara yarjejeniyar shekaru 4, dala miliyan 23. Ya taka leda a kowane wasa tun shekara ta 2003. A shekara ta 2007, an zabe shi a matsayin kyaftin din tsaro kuma ya fara wasanni 11 na farko na kakar kuma ya rasa sauran saboda raunin da ya samu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#90 Chris Kelsay - Buffalo Bills |url=http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080123192813/http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |archive-date=2008-01-23 |access-date=2008-02-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya sanar da ritayar sa a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2013, bayan shekaru 10 a NFL, duk tare da Buffalo Bills . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bills DE Chris Kelsay announces plans to retire after 10 seasons in Buffalo - the Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301192022/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |archive-date=2013-03-01 |access-date=2017-08-25 |website=[[The Globe and Mail]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kididdigar aikin NFL ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Labari
|-
|'''Ƙarfin zuciya'''
|Babban aikinsa
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Takalma
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Tsayarwa
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Rashin hankali
|-
!GP
!GS
!Cmb
!Kawai
!Ast
!Sck
!TFL
!Intane-tashen hankula
!Yds
!TD
!Lng
!PD
!FF
!FR
!Yds
!TD
|-
!2003
!BUF
|'''16'''
|0
|19
|12
|7
|0.0
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2004
!BUF
|'''16'''
|10
|38
|23
|15
|4.5
|8
|'''1'''
|3
|0
|3
|2
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|-
!2005
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|45
|26
|19
|2.5
|3
|'''1'''
|'''17'''
|0
|'''17'''
|4
|1
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|-
!2006
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|'''5.5'''
|7
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2007
!BUF
|14
|14
|43
|34
|9
|2.5
|'''9'''
|'''1'''
|0
|'''1'''
|0
|3
|0
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2008
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|47
|33
|14
|2.0
|'''9'''
|0
|0
|0
|0
|'''5'''
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2009
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|5.0
|6
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2010
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|'''72'''
|'''46'''
|'''26'''
|3.5
|5
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2011
!BUF
|12
|12
|41
|25
|16
|5.0
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2012
!BUF
|9
|4
|14
|12
|2
|2.0
|4
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
!147
!120
!443
!293
!150
!32.5
!56
!3
!20
!1
!17
!21
!8
!6
!2
!0
|}

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Ɗan'uwansa, Chadi Kelsay, shi ma ya taka leda a NFL.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#57 Chris Kelsay |url=https://huskers.com/sports/football/roster/season/1998/player/chris-kelsay |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080137/http://www.huskers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=4299 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=10 August 2014 |publisher=huskers.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya yi aure a ranar 13 ga Maris, 2004; sunan matarsa shine Natalie kuma suna da 'yar, Harper, a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 2006. Kelsay ɗan Steve ne da Jackie Kelsay .

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]]</text>
      <sha1>rforcaru2g7w26g1vtvsttthu5c0md4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969756</id>
      <parentid>969755</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T05:25:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>969756</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7151" sha1="ct9ujmir7vb9hmxae2kmeu73cpl72q1" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Christopher Kelsay''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 1979) tsohon dan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ya buga dukkan aikinsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Buffalo Bills na National Football League (NFL). Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Nebraska Cornhuskers . Bills ne suka zaba Kelsay a zagaye na biyu (48th overall) na Shirin NFL na 2003 kuma shine na shida da aka zaba a cikin shirin.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Auburn a Auburn, Nebraska Ya kasance mai tsaron gida a matsayin babban jami'in bayan ya yi rikodin 142 tackles (69 solos), 14 sacks, 3 fumbles tilasta, da kuma sauye-sauye biyu. A shekara ta 1996, ya kasance dan wasan layi na jihar, wanda ya jagoranci Auburn zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na jihar. Ya kuma taka leda sosai a kan laifi. A wasan kwando, ya kasance sau biyu All-Class C-1 basketball selection, matsakaicin maki 16 da 8.4 rebounds a wasa, a taimaka wa Auburn zuwa rikodin 17-3 a 1997-98. A cikin waƙa, ya gama na biyar a cikin Class B harbi kuma yana da mafi kyawun jefawa na   11 + 1⁄2 in (17.361 .{{Cvt|56|ft|11+1/2|in}}

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Daga nan sai ya ci gaba da buga wa Nebraska Cornhuskers wasa don kwallon kafa na kwaleji. An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na masanin NCAA a shekara ta 2002. A cikin wasanni 43 a Nebraska, ya rubuta 135 tackles (61 solos) tare da 13 sacks, 33 stops for loss, 43 quarterback matsa lamba, 9 pass deflections da 2 tilasta fumbles Ya sami Verizon / CoSIDA Academic All-District VII girmamawa a cikin kowane yanayi uku da ya gabata kuma a 2002 ya kasance National Football Foundation / College Hall of Fame Scholar-Athlete ($18,000 postgraduate scholarship scholarship recei) A matsayin babban wasa na farko da na karshe na karshe na farko da kuma rikodin 18 QB stocks na biyu (17 da kuma rikitarwa) All-Sets)  Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya kasance na ƙungiyar ta biyu ta All-America ta hanyar Football News da kuma ƙungiyar ta biyu da aka zaɓa ta All-Big 12 Conference bayan fara kowane wasa a ƙarshen tsaron dama da yin rikodin 52 tackles (27 solos) tare da sacks biyar da 17 stops don asarar. Ya kammala karatu a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002 tare da 3.6 GPA da digiri a fannin kudi.

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft
| height ft    = 6
| height in    = 4 3/8
| weight       = 273
| arm span     = 32 1/2
| hand span    = 9 7/8
| dash         = 4.78
| ten split    = 1.63
| twenty split = 2.76
| vertical     = 36.5
| broad ft     = 10
| broad in     = 1
| bench        = 23
| wonderlic    = 
| note         = All values from [[NFL Scouting Combine|NFL Combine]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://draftscout.com/dsprofile.php?PlayerId=1018&amp;DraftYear=2003 |title=Chris Kelsay, Nebraska, DE, 2003 NFL Draft Scout, NCAA College Football |website=DraftScout.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

An zaba shi a zagaye na biyu na 2003 NFL Draft (48th overall) ta Buffalo Bills kuma shi ne na shida na tsaron da aka zaba a cikin shirin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2003 NFL Draft Listing |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/2003/draft.htm |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na rookie Kelsay ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 19 tackles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chris Kelsay 2003 Game Log |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/K/KelsCh21/gamelog/2003/ |access-date=2025-05-10 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2004, ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya fara tara kuma ya rubuta 40 tackles da 4.5 sacks tare da 14 QB matsa lamba. A shekara ta 2005, ya fara dukkan wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 41 tackles da 2.5 sacks. Kelsay ya samar da kakar wasa a shekara ta 2006 inda ya ga manyan ayyukan aiki a cikin tackles tare da 88 da sacks da ke buga 5.5. Yana gab da shiga kasuwar wakilin kyauta a shekara ta 2007 amma an sake sanya hannu kafin hukumar kyauta ta fara yarjejeniyar shekaru 4, dala miliyan 23. Ya taka leda a kowane wasa tun shekara ta 2003. A shekara ta 2007, an zabe shi a matsayin kyaftin din tsaro kuma ya fara wasanni 11 na farko na kakar kuma ya rasa sauran saboda raunin da ya samu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#90 Chris Kelsay - Buffalo Bills |url=http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080123192813/http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |archive-date=2008-01-23 |access-date=2008-02-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya sanar da ritayar sa a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2013, bayan shekaru 10 a NFL, duk tare da Buffalo Bills . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bills DE Chris Kelsay announces plans to retire after 10 seasons in Buffalo - the Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301192022/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |archive-date=2013-03-01 |access-date=2017-08-25 |website=[[The Globe and Mail]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kididdigar aikin NFL ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Labari
|-
|'''Ƙarfin zuciya'''
|Babban aikinsa
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Takalma
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Tsayarwa
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Rashin hankali
|-
!GP
!GS
!Cmb
!Kawai
!Ast
!Sck
!TFL
!Intane-tashen hankula
!Yds
!TD
!Lng
!PD
!FF
!FR
!Yds
!TD
|-
!2003
!BUF
|'''16'''
|0
|19
|12
|7
|0.0
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2004
!BUF
|'''16'''
|10
|38
|23
|15
|4.5
|8
|'''1'''
|3
|0
|3
|2
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|-
!2005
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|45
|26
|19
|2.5
|3
|'''1'''
|'''17'''
|0
|'''17'''
|4
|1
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|-
!2006
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|'''5.5'''
|7
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2007
!BUF
|14
|14
|43
|34
|9
|2.5
|'''9'''
|'''1'''
|0
|'''1'''
|0
|3
|0
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2008
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|47
|33
|14
|2.0
|'''9'''
|0
|0
|0
|0
|'''5'''
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2009
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|5.0
|6
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2010
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|'''72'''
|'''46'''
|'''26'''
|3.5
|5
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2011
!BUF
|12
|12
|41
|25
|16
|5.0
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2012
!BUF
|9
|4
|14
|12
|2
|2.0
|4
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
!147
!120
!443
!293
!150
!32.5
!56
!3
!20
!1
!17
!21
!8
!6
!2
!0
|}

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Ɗan'uwansa, Chadi Kelsay, shi ma ya taka leda a NFL.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#57 Chris Kelsay |url=https://huskers.com/sports/football/roster/season/1998/player/chris-kelsay |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080137/http://www.huskers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=4299 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=10 August 2014 |publisher=huskers.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya yi aure a ranar 13 ga Maris, 2004; sunan matarsa shine Natalie kuma suna da 'yar, Harper, a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 2006. Kelsay ɗan Steve ne da Jackie Kelsay .

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]]</text>
      <sha1>ct9ujmir7vb9hmxae2kmeu73cpl72q1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969795</id>
      <parentid>969756</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:23:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>969795</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7157" sha1="p0r6acueav8e0263t5pghfdj0l19voy" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Christopher Kelsay''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba, 1979) tsohon dan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ya buga dukkan aikinsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Buffalo Bills na National Football League (NFL). Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Nebraska Cornhuskers . Bills ne suka zaba Kelsay a zagaye na biyu (48th overall) na Shirin NFL na 2003 kuma shine na shida da aka zaba a cikin shirin.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Auburn a Auburn, Nebraska Ya kasance mai tsaron gida a matsayin babban jami'in bayan ya yi rikodin 142 tackles (69 solos), 14 sacks, 3 fumbles tilasta, da kuma sauye-sauye biyu. A shekara ta 1996, ya kasance dan wasan layi na jihar, wanda ya jagoranci Auburn zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na jihar. Ya kuma taka leda sosai a kan laifi. A wasan kwando, ya kasance sau biyu All-Class C-1 basketball selection, matsakaicin maki 16 da 8.4 rebounds a wasa, a taimaka wa Auburn zuwa rikodin 17-3 a 1997-98. A cikin waƙa, ya gama na biyar a cikin Class B harbi kuma yana da mafi kyawun jefawa na   11 + 1⁄2 in (17.361 .{{Cvt|56|ft|11+1/2|in}}

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Daga nan sai ya ci gaba da buga wa Nebraska Cornhuskers wasa don kwallon kafa na kwaleji. An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na masanin NCAA a shekara ta 2002. A cikin wasanni 43 a Nebraska, ya rubuta 135 tackles (61 solos) tare da 13 sacks, 33 stops for loss, 43 quarterback matsa lamba, 9 pass deflections da 2 tilasta fumbles Ya sami Verizon / CoSIDA Academic All-District VII girmamawa a cikin kowane yanayi uku da ya gabata kuma a 2002 ya kasance National Football Foundation / College Hall of Fame Scholar-Athlete ($18,000 postgraduate scholarship scholarship recei) A matsayin babban wasa na farko da na karshe na karshe na farko da kuma rikodin 18 QB stocks na biyu (17 da kuma rikitarwa) All-Sets)  Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya kasance na ƙungiyar ta biyu ta All-America ta hanyar Football News da kuma ƙungiyar ta biyu da aka zaɓa ta All-Big 12 Conference bayan fara kowane wasa a ƙarshen tsaron dama da yin rikodin 52 tackles (27 solos) tare da sacks biyar da 17 stops don asarar. Ya kammala karatu a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002 tare da 3.6 GPA da digiri a fannin kudi.

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft
| height ft    = 6
| height in    = 4 3/8
| weight       = 273
| arm span     = 32 1/2
| hand span    = 9 7/8
| dash         = 4.78
| ten split    = 1.63
| twenty split = 2.76
| vertical     = 36.5
| broad ft     = 10
| broad in     = 1
| bench        = 23
| wonderlic    = 
| note         = All values from [[NFL Scouting Combine|NFL Combine]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://draftscout.com/dsprofile.php?PlayerId=1018&amp;DraftYear=2003 |title=Chris Kelsay, Nebraska, DE, 2003 NFL Draft Scout, NCAA College Football |website=DraftScout.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

An zaba shi a zagaye na biyu na 2003 NFL Draft (48th overall) ta Buffalo Bills kuma shi ne na shida na tsaron da aka zaba a cikin shirin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2003 NFL Draft Listing |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/2003/draft.htm |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na rookie Kelsay ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 19 tackles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chris Kelsay 2003 Game Log |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/K/KelsCh21/gamelog/2003/ |access-date=2025-05-10 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2004, ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya fara tara kuma ya rubuta 40 tackles da 4.5 sacks tare da 14 QB matsa lamba. A shekara ta 2005, ya fara dukkan wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 41 tackles da 2.5 sacks. Kelsay ya samar da kakar wasa a shekara ta 2006 inda ya ga manyan ayyukan aiki a cikin tackles tare da 88 da sacks da ke buga 5.5. Yana gab da shiga kasuwar wakilin kyauta a shekara ta 2007 amma an sake sanya hannu kafin hukumar kyauta ta fara yarjejeniyar shekaru 4, dala miliyan 23. Ya taka leda a kowane wasa tun shekara ta 2003. A shekara ta 2007, an zabe shi a matsayin kyaftin din tsaro kuma ya fara wasanni 11 na farko na kakar kuma ya rasa sauran saboda raunin da ya samu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#90 Chris Kelsay - Buffalo Bills |url=http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080123192813/http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |archive-date=2008-01-23 |access-date=2008-02-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya sanar da ritayar sa a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2013, bayan shekaru 10 a NFL, duk tare da Buffalo Bills . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bills DE Chris Kelsay announces plans to retire after 10 seasons in Buffalo - the Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301192022/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |archive-date=2013-03-01 |access-date=2017-08-25 |website=[[The Globe and Mail]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kididdigar aikin NFL ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Labari
|-
|'''Ƙarfin zuciya'''
|Babban aikinsa
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Takalma
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Tsayarwa
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Rashin hankali
|-
!GP
!GS
!Cmb
!Kawai
!Ast
!Sck
!TFL
!Intane-tashen hankula
!Yds
!TD
!Lng
!PD
!FF
!FR
!Yds
!TD
|-
!2003
!BUF
|'''16'''
|0
|19
|12
|7
|0.0
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2004
!BUF
|'''16'''
|10
|38
|23
|15
|4.5
|8
|'''1'''
|3
|0
|3
|2
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|-
!2005
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|45
|26
|19
|2.5
|3
|'''1'''
|'''17'''
|0
|'''17'''
|4
|1
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|-
!2006
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|'''5.5'''
|7
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2007
!BUF
|14
|14
|43
|34
|9
|2.5
|'''9'''
|'''1'''
|0
|'''1'''
|0
|3
|0
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2008
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|47
|33
|14
|2.0
|'''9'''
|0
|0
|0
|0
|'''5'''
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2009
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|5.0
|6
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2010
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|'''72'''
|'''46'''
|'''26'''
|3.5
|5
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2011
!BUF
|12
|12
|41
|25
|16
|5.0
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2012
!BUF
|9
|4
|14
|12
|2
|2.0
|4
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
!147
!120
!443
!293
!150
!32.5
!56
!3
!20
!1
!17
!21
!8
!6
!2
!0
|}

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Ɗan'uwansa, Chadi Kelsay, shi ma ya taka leda a NFL.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#57 Chris Kelsay |url=https://huskers.com/sports/football/roster/season/1998/player/chris-kelsay |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080137/http://www.huskers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=4299 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=10 August 2014 |publisher=huskers.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya yi aure a ranar 13 ga Maris, 2004; sunan matarsa shine Natalie kuma suna da 'yar, Harper, a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 2006. Kelsay ɗan Steve ne da Jackie Kelsay .

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]]</text>
      <sha1>p0r6acueav8e0263t5pghfdj0l19voy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969797</id>
      <parentid>969795</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:24:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>969797</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7175" sha1="8hdcmhw67k0e02zn00fvei5ik6uvxtv" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''Christopher Kelsay''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba, a shekara ta alif 1979) tsohon dan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka wanda ya buga dukkan aikinsa a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Buffalo Bills na National Football League (NFL). Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Nebraska Cornhuskers . Bills ne suka zaba Kelsay a zagaye na biyu (48th overall) na Shirin NFL na 2003 kuma shine na shida da aka zaba a cikin shirin.

== Rayuwa ta farko ==
Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Auburn a Auburn, Nebraska Ya kasance mai tsaron gida a matsayin babban jami'in bayan ya yi rikodin 142 tackles (69 solos), 14 sacks, 3 fumbles tilasta, da kuma sauye-sauye biyu. A shekara ta 1996, ya kasance dan wasan layi na jihar, wanda ya jagoranci Auburn zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na jihar. Ya kuma taka leda sosai a kan laifi. A wasan kwando, ya kasance sau biyu All-Class C-1 basketball selection, matsakaicin maki 16 da 8.4 rebounds a wasa, a taimaka wa Auburn zuwa rikodin 17-3 a 1997-98. A cikin waƙa, ya gama na biyar a cikin Class B harbi kuma yana da mafi kyawun jefawa na   11 + 1⁄2 in (17.361 .{{Cvt|56|ft|11+1/2|in}}

== Ayyukan kwaleji ==
Daga nan sai ya ci gaba da buga wa Nebraska Cornhuskers wasa don kwallon kafa na kwaleji. An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na masanin NCAA a shekara ta 2002. A cikin wasanni 43 a Nebraska, ya rubuta 135 tackles (61 solos) tare da 13 sacks, 33 stops for loss, 43 quarterback matsa lamba, 9 pass deflections da 2 tilasta fumbles Ya sami Verizon / CoSIDA Academic All-District VII girmamawa a cikin kowane yanayi uku da ya gabata kuma a 2002 ya kasance National Football Foundation / College Hall of Fame Scholar-Athlete ($18,000 postgraduate scholarship scholarship recei) A matsayin babban wasa na farko da na karshe na karshe na farko da kuma rikodin 18 QB stocks na biyu (17 da kuma rikitarwa) All-Sets)  Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya kasance na ƙungiyar ta biyu ta All-America ta hanyar Football News da kuma ƙungiyar ta biyu da aka zaɓa ta All-Big 12 Conference bayan fara kowane wasa a ƙarshen tsaron dama da yin rikodin 52 tackles (27 solos) tare da sacks biyar da 17 stops don asarar. Ya kammala karatu a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002 tare da 3.6 GPA da digiri a fannin kudi.

== Ayyukan sana'a ==
{{NFL predraft
| height ft    = 6
| height in    = 4 3/8
| weight       = 273
| arm span     = 32 1/2
| hand span    = 9 7/8
| dash         = 4.78
| ten split    = 1.63
| twenty split = 2.76
| vertical     = 36.5
| broad ft     = 10
| broad in     = 1
| bench        = 23
| wonderlic    = 
| note         = All values from [[NFL Scouting Combine|NFL Combine]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://draftscout.com/dsprofile.php?PlayerId=1018&amp;DraftYear=2003 |title=Chris Kelsay, Nebraska, DE, 2003 NFL Draft Scout, NCAA College Football |website=DraftScout.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

An zaba shi a zagaye na biyu na 2003 NFL Draft (48th overall) ta Buffalo Bills kuma shi ne na shida na tsaron da aka zaba a cikin shirin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2003 NFL Draft Listing |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/2003/draft.htm |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A matsayinsa na rookie Kelsay ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 19 tackles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chris Kelsay 2003 Game Log |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/K/KelsCh21/gamelog/2003/ |access-date=2025-05-10 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A shekara ta 2004, ya buga wasanni 16 kuma ya fara tara kuma ya rubuta 40 tackles da 4.5 sacks tare da 14 QB matsa lamba. A shekara ta 2005, ya fara dukkan wasanni 16 kuma ya yi 41 tackles da 2.5 sacks. Kelsay ya samar da kakar wasa a shekara ta 2006 inda ya ga manyan ayyukan aiki a cikin tackles tare da 88 da sacks da ke buga 5.5. Yana gab da shiga kasuwar wakilin kyauta a shekara ta 2007 amma an sake sanya hannu kafin hukumar kyauta ta fara yarjejeniyar shekaru 4, dala miliyan 23. Ya taka leda a kowane wasa tun shekara ta 2003. A shekara ta 2007, an zabe shi a matsayin kyaftin din tsaro kuma ya fara wasanni 11 na farko na kakar kuma ya rasa sauran saboda raunin da ya samu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#90 Chris Kelsay - Buffalo Bills |url=http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080123192813/http://www.buffalobills.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=81565 |archive-date=2008-01-23 |access-date=2008-02-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya sanar da ritayar sa a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2013, bayan shekaru 10 a NFL, duk tare da Buffalo Bills . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bills DE Chris Kelsay announces plans to retire after 10 seasons in Buffalo - the Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301192022/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/football/bills-de-chris-kelsay-announces-plans-to-retire-after-10-seasons-in-buffalo/article9133436/ |archive-date=2013-03-01 |access-date=2017-08-25 |website=[[The Globe and Mail]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kididdigar aikin NFL ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Labari
|-
|'''Ƙarfin zuciya'''
|Babban aikinsa
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Shekara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kungiyar
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Wasanni
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Takalma
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Tsayarwa
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Rashin hankali
|-
!GP
!GS
!Cmb
!Kawai
!Ast
!Sck
!TFL
!Intane-tashen hankula
!Yds
!TD
!Lng
!PD
!FF
!FR
!Yds
!TD
|-
!2003
!BUF
|'''16'''
|0
|19
|12
|7
|0.0
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2004
!BUF
|'''16'''
|10
|38
|23
|15
|4.5
|8
|'''1'''
|3
|0
|3
|2
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|-
!2005
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|45
|26
|19
|2.5
|3
|'''1'''
|'''17'''
|0
|'''17'''
|4
|1
|1
|'''2'''
|0
|-
!2006
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|'''5.5'''
|7
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2007
!BUF
|14
|14
|43
|34
|9
|2.5
|'''9'''
|'''1'''
|0
|'''1'''
|0
|3
|0
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2008
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|47
|33
|14
|2.0
|'''9'''
|0
|0
|0
|0
|'''5'''
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2009
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|62
|41
|21
|5.0
|6
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
!2010
!BUF
|'''16'''
|'''16'''
|'''72'''
|'''46'''
|'''26'''
|3.5
|5
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2011
!BUF
|12
|12
|41
|25
|16
|5.0
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|'''2'''
|0
|0
|0
|-
!2012
!BUF
|9
|4
|14
|12
|2
|2.0
|4
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
!147
!120
!443
!293
!150
!32.5
!56
!3
!20
!1
!17
!21
!8
!6
!2
!0
|}

== Rayuwa ta mutum ==
Ɗan'uwansa, Chadi Kelsay, shi ma ya taka leda a NFL.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=#57 Chris Kelsay |url=https://huskers.com/sports/football/roster/season/1998/player/chris-kelsay |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080137/http://www.huskers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=4299 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=10 August 2014 |publisher=huskers.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kelsay ya yi aure a ranar 13 ga Maris, 2004; sunan matarsa shine Natalie kuma suna da 'yar, Harper, a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 2006. Kelsay ɗan Steve ne da Jackie Kelsay .

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]]</text>
      <sha1>8hdcmhw67k0e02zn00fvei5ik6uvxtv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hoppin' John</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179678</id>
    <revision>
      <id>969769</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T07:28:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
        <id>22698</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373808652|Hoppin' John]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>969769</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5851" sha1="3joy56eytzsfzy4324g8adm4m916vu1" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox food|name=Hoppin' John|image=Hoppin-john-bowl.JPG|caption=}}Hoppin 'John, wanda aka fi sani da wake da shinkafa na Carolina, shinkafa ne da wake na asali na almara da ke da alaƙa da abincin Kudancin Amurka. Ana samun irin wannan jita-jita a yankunan da ke da ƙididdigar asalin Afirka kamar su Louisiana red beans da shinkafa. An san sigar Carolina da ƙara naman alade da sauran nau'ikan naman alade.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Historic Problem With Hoppin' John |url=https://www.seriouseats.com/southern-hoppin-john-new-years-tradition |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=Serious Eats}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shinkafa mai tsayi mai tsayi na Carolina da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan abincin dole ne a wanke shi da kyau kuma a dafa shi a cikin kitsen naman alade tare da albasa har sai hatsi ya kasance mai haske kafin a dafa shi da wake mai baƙar fata ko red peas na tsibirin Sea da wasu yankan ham, ham hock ko sausage na alade. Don kammala abincin tukunya ɗaya, shinkafa, bayan sun sha dukkan ruwan dafa abinci, ana barin ta ta tururi ta amfani da hanyar tawul na takarda na kimanin minti 10 kuma ana shafa shi kafin a ba da shi. Wasu girke-girke suna amfani da ham hock, fatback, Sausage na ƙasa, ko sassan turkey da aka sha maimakon naman alade. Wasu kalilan suna amfani da albasa mai laushi ko [[Ruwan Kal|ruwan inabi]] da kayan yaji. Ƙananan wake masu baƙar fata, ana amfani da wake na filin a Kudancin Carolina Lowcountry da Georgia na bakin teku. Peas masu baƙar fata sune al'ada a wasu wurare.

A kudancin Amurka, cin Hoppin 'John tare da kayan lambu a Ranar Sabuwar Shekara ana zaton zai kawo shekara mai wadata cike da sa'a. Peas alama ce ta dinari ko tsabar kudi, kuma wani lokacin ana ƙara tsabar kudi a cikin tukunya ko barin ta a ƙarƙashin kwanon abincin dare. Collard greens, mustard greens, turnip green, chard, kale, kabewa da irin wannan kayan lambu mai laushi da aka yi amfani da shi tare da wannan tasa ya kamata su kara da wadata, tunda su ne launi na kuɗin Amurka.

Wani abinci na gargajiya, gurasar masara, ana iya ba da shi don wakiltar wadata, kasancewar launi ne na zinariya. A ranar da ta biyo bayan Ranar Sabuwar Shekara, ana kiran ragowar &quot;Hoppin' John&quot; &quot;Skippin' Jenny&quot; kuma yana ci gaba da nuna rashin daidaituwa, yana kawo bege ga mafi kyawun damar wadata a Sabuwar Shekarar.

== Magana ==

=== Bayanan farko da aka buga ===
Magana ta farko ta ''Oxford English Dictionary''' game da abincin ta fito ne daga littafin tafiye-tafiye na Frederick Law Olmsted na karni na 19, A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States (1861). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Frederick Law Olmsted}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani girke-girke na &quot;Hopping John&quot; a cikin The Carolina Housewife by Sarah Rutledge,  wanda aka buga a 1847, an kuma ambaci shi a matsayin farkon bayani. &lt;ref name=&quot;World of a Slave&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Michael W. Twitty|edition=Kym S.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ma da wani tushe na baya shine Recollections of a Southern Matron, wanda ya ambaci &quot;Hopping John&quot;, wanda aka bayyana, a cikin bayanin kula, a matsayin &quot;bacon da shinkafa&quot;, tun farkon 1838 .  

=== Tushen kalmomi ===
Asalin sunan ba shi da tabbas. Ɗaya daga cikin yiwuwar shi ne cewa sunan cin hanci da rashawa ne na kalmar Haitian Creole don wake mai baƙar fata: ''Po pijon'' (mai suna []) lit. 'Pigeon peas' ma'ana black-eyed peas. {{IPA|ht|pwapiʒɔ̃|pron}}''Pwa pijon'' aro ne daga ''kurciya mai guba'' ta Faransa.

== Tarihi ==
[[File:Hoppin'_John_peas&amp;rice.JPG|thumb|Hoppin' John - wake mai baƙar fata da shinkafa]]
Hoppin 'John ya samo asali ne daga mutanen Gullah kuma asalinsa abinci ne na Lowcountry guda ɗaya kafin ya bazu ga dukan jama'ar Kudu. Hoppin 'John na iya samo asali ne daga shinkafa da cakuda wake waɗanda suka kasance abincin bayi na Afirka ta Yamma a kan hanyar zuwa Amurka. An ci gaba da gano Hoppin 'John zuwa irin wannan abinci a Yammacin Afirka,  musamman abincin Senegalese thiebou niebe. &lt;ref name=&quot;World of a Slave&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|edition=Livia}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, yayi kama da [[Waakye]], abincin shinkafa da wake daga Ghana.

Wata al'ada da aka saba gani a Amurka ita ce kowane mutum a wurin cin abinci ya kamata ya bar wake uku a kan farantinsa don tabbatar da cewa Sabuwar Shekara za ta cika da sa'a, arziki da soyayya.  Wata al'ada kuma ta nuna cewa ƙidaya adadin wake a cikin hidima yana nuna adadin sa'a, ko wadata, da mai cin abinci zai samu a shekara mai zuwa. A Tsibirin Sapelo a cikin al'ummar Hog Hammock, ana amfani da wake ja na Geechee maimakon wake mai baƙi. Wake ja na Tsibirin Sea suna kama da juna.

Mai dafa abinci na Amurka Sean Brock ya yi iƙirarin cewa an yi amfani da shinkafa na gargajiya na Hoppin 'John tare da shinkafar Carolina Gold, wanda aka yi la'akari da shi ya ƙare, da kuma Red Peas na Tsibirin Sea. Ya yi aiki tare da manoma don sake gabatar da wannan nau'in shinkafa. Ya zuwa 2017, masu shinkafa da yawa suna ba da shinkafa Carolina Gold.

== Bambance-bambance ==
tare da tarin ayyukan fasaha sama da 6,400, kamar zane-zane, sassaka, kayan ado, ayyuka akan takarda, da sana'o'i. Gidan tarihin yana cikin Langan Park mallakar birnin, kuma a cikin 2002, an faɗaɗa shi dalar Amurka miliyan 15, wanda The Architects Group of Mobile ta tsara, don ninka girmansa zuwa murabba'in ƙafa 86,444 (m2 8,030.91) akan kadada 9.3

.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2020}}

== Dubi kuma ==
 

* Arroz de fríjol cabecita negra - kwatankwacin Colombian.
* Arroz con gandules - daidai da Puerto Rican
* Galle pinto - kwatankwacin abincin Nicaragua da Costa Rica
* Pabellón criollo - Irin wannan abincin a Venezuela ciki har da naman sa da aka yanka kuma inda ake ba da sinadaran daban
* Platillo Moros y Cristianos - daidai da Cuban
* Ranar Saint Sylvester - ana cin irin wannan abincin a Italiya don bikin Sabuwar Shekara.
* Jerin abincin yanki na Amurka

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>3joy56eytzsfzy4324g8adm4m916vu1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969770</id>
      <parentid>969769</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T07:28:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Umar A Muhammad</username>
        <id>22698</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>969770</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5862" sha1="ey7tgpd4u6mqrtqsbls12hljsmrnce0" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
{{Infobox food|name=Hoppin' John|image=Hoppin-john-bowl.JPG|caption=}}Hoppin 'John, wanda aka fi sani da wake da shinkafa na Carolina, shinkafa ne da wake na asali na almara da ke da alaƙa da abincin Kudancin Amurka. Ana samun irin wannan jita-jita a yankunan da ke da ƙididdigar asalin Afirka kamar su Louisiana red beans da shinkafa. An san sigar Carolina da ƙara naman alade da sauran nau'ikan naman alade.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Historic Problem With Hoppin' John |url=https://www.seriouseats.com/southern-hoppin-john-new-years-tradition |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=Serious Eats}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shinkafa mai tsayi mai tsayi na Carolina da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan abincin dole ne a wanke shi da kyau kuma a dafa shi a cikin kitsen naman alade tare da albasa har sai hatsi ya kasance mai haske kafin a dafa shi da wake mai baƙar fata ko red peas na tsibirin Sea da wasu yankan ham, ham hock ko sausage na alade. Don kammala abincin tukunya ɗaya, shinkafa, bayan sun sha dukkan ruwan dafa abinci, ana barin ta ta tururi ta amfani da hanyar tawul na takarda na kimanin minti 10 kuma ana shafa shi kafin a ba da shi. Wasu girke-girke suna amfani da ham hock, fatback, Sausage na ƙasa, ko sassan turkey da aka sha maimakon naman alade. Wasu kalilan suna amfani da albasa mai laushi ko [[Ruwan Kal|ruwan inabi]] da kayan yaji. Ƙananan wake masu baƙar fata, ana amfani da wake na filin a Kudancin Carolina Lowcountry da Georgia na bakin teku. Peas masu baƙar fata sune al'ada a wasu wurare.

A kudancin Amurka, cin Hoppin 'John tare da kayan lambu a Ranar Sabuwar Shekara ana zaton zai kawo shekara mai wadata cike da sa'a. Peas alama ce ta dinari ko tsabar kudi, kuma wani lokacin ana ƙara tsabar kudi a cikin tukunya ko barin ta a ƙarƙashin kwanon abincin dare. Collard greens, mustard greens, turnip green, chard, kale, kabewa da irin wannan kayan lambu mai laushi da aka yi amfani da shi tare da wannan tasa ya kamata su kara da wadata, tunda su ne launi na kuɗin Amurka.

Wani abinci na gargajiya, gurasar masara, ana iya ba da shi don wakiltar wadata, kasancewar launi ne na zinariya. A ranar da ta biyo bayan Ranar Sabuwar Shekara, ana kiran ragowar &quot;Hoppin' John&quot; &quot;Skippin' Jenny&quot; kuma yana ci gaba da nuna rashin daidaituwa, yana kawo bege ga mafi kyawun damar wadata a Sabuwar Shekarar.

== Magana ==

=== Bayanan farko da aka buga ===
Magana ta farko ta ''Oxford English Dictionary''' game da abincin ta fito ne daga littafin tafiye-tafiye na Frederick Law Olmsted na karni na 19, A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States (1861). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Frederick Law Olmsted}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani girke-girke na &quot;Hopping John&quot; a cikin The Carolina Housewife by Sarah Rutledge,  wanda aka buga a 1847, an kuma ambaci shi a matsayin farkon bayani. &lt;ref name=&quot;World of a Slave&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Michael W. Twitty|edition=Kym S.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ma da wani tushe na baya shine Recollections of a Southern Matron, wanda ya ambaci &quot;Hopping John&quot;, wanda aka bayyana, a cikin bayanin kula, a matsayin &quot;bacon da shinkafa&quot;, tun farkon 1838 .  

=== Tushen kalmomi ===
Asalin sunan ba shi da tabbas. Ɗaya daga cikin yiwuwar shi ne cewa sunan cin hanci da rashawa ne na kalmar Haitian Creole don wake mai baƙar fata: ''Po pijon'' (mai suna []) lit. 'Pigeon peas' ma'ana black-eyed peas. {{IPA|ht|pwapiʒɔ̃|pron}}''Pwa pijon'' aro ne daga ''kurciya mai guba'' ta Faransa.

== Tarihi ==
[[File:Hoppin'_John_peas&amp;rice.JPG|thumb|Hoppin' John - wake mai baƙar fata da shinkafa]]
Hoppin 'John ya samo asali ne daga mutanen Gullah kuma asalinsa abinci ne na Lowcountry guda ɗaya kafin ya bazu ga dukan jama'ar Kudu. Hoppin 'John na iya samo asali ne daga shinkafa da cakuda wake waɗanda suka kasance abincin bayi na Afirka ta Yamma a kan hanyar zuwa Amurka. An ci gaba da gano Hoppin 'John zuwa irin wannan abinci a Yammacin Afirka,  musamman abincin Senegalese thiebou niebe. &lt;ref name=&quot;World of a Slave&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|edition=Livia}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, yayi kama da [[Waakye]], abincin shinkafa da wake daga Ghana.

Wata al'ada da aka saba gani a Amurka ita ce kowane mutum a wurin cin abinci ya kamata ya bar wake uku a kan farantinsa don tabbatar da cewa Sabuwar Shekara za ta cika da sa'a, arziki da soyayya.  Wata al'ada kuma ta nuna cewa ƙidaya adadin wake a cikin hidima yana nuna adadin sa'a, ko wadata, da mai cin abinci zai samu a shekara mai zuwa. A Tsibirin Sapelo a cikin al'ummar Hog Hammock, ana amfani da wake ja na Geechee maimakon wake mai baƙi. Wake ja na Tsibirin Sea suna kama da juna.

Mai dafa abinci na Amurka Sean Brock ya yi iƙirarin cewa an yi amfani da shinkafa na gargajiya na Hoppin 'John tare da shinkafar Carolina Gold, wanda aka yi la'akari da shi ya ƙare, da kuma Red Peas na Tsibirin Sea. Ya yi aiki tare da manoma don sake gabatar da wannan nau'in shinkafa. Ya zuwa 2017, masu shinkafa da yawa suna ba da shinkafa Carolina Gold.

== Bambance-bambance ==
tare da tarin ayyukan fasaha sama da 6,400, kamar zane-zane, sassaka, kayan ado, ayyuka akan takarda, da sana'o'i. Gidan tarihin yana cikin Langan Park mallakar birnin, kuma a cikin 2002, an faɗaɗa shi dalar Amurka miliyan 15, wanda The Architects Group of Mobile ta tsara, don ninka girmansa zuwa murabba'in ƙafa 86,444 (m2 8,030.91) akan kadada 9.3

.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2020}}

== Dubi kuma ==
 

* Arroz de fríjol cabecita negra - kwatankwacin Colombian.
* Arroz con gandules - daidai da Puerto Rican
* Galle pinto - kwatankwacin abincin Nicaragua da Costa Rica
* Pabellón criollo - Irin wannan abincin a Venezuela ciki har da naman sa da aka yanka kuma inda ake ba da sinadaran daban
* Platillo Moros y Cristianos - daidai da Cuban
* Ranar Saint Sylvester - ana cin irin wannan abincin a Italiya don bikin Sabuwar Shekara.
* Jerin abincin yanki na Amurka

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
      <sha1>ey7tgpd4u6mqrtqsbls12hljsmrnce0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969809</id>
      <parentid>969770</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:37:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Bayanan farko da aka buga */</comment>
      <origin>969809</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5870" sha1="n2sdvf5syj9h9o6hp2lao7vx4v56cke" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
{{Infobox food|name=Hoppin' John|image=Hoppin-john-bowl.JPG|caption=}}Hoppin 'John, wanda aka fi sani da wake da shinkafa na Carolina, shinkafa ne da wake na asali na almara da ke da alaƙa da abincin Kudancin Amurka. Ana samun irin wannan jita-jita a yankunan da ke da ƙididdigar asalin Afirka kamar su Louisiana red beans da shinkafa. An san sigar Carolina da ƙara naman alade da sauran nau'ikan naman alade.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Historic Problem With Hoppin' John |url=https://www.seriouseats.com/southern-hoppin-john-new-years-tradition |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=Serious Eats}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shinkafa mai tsayi mai tsayi na Carolina da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan abincin dole ne a wanke shi da kyau kuma a dafa shi a cikin kitsen naman alade tare da albasa har sai hatsi ya kasance mai haske kafin a dafa shi da wake mai baƙar fata ko red peas na tsibirin Sea da wasu yankan ham, ham hock ko sausage na alade. Don kammala abincin tukunya ɗaya, shinkafa, bayan sun sha dukkan ruwan dafa abinci, ana barin ta ta tururi ta amfani da hanyar tawul na takarda na kimanin minti 10 kuma ana shafa shi kafin a ba da shi. Wasu girke-girke suna amfani da ham hock, fatback, Sausage na ƙasa, ko sassan turkey da aka sha maimakon naman alade. Wasu kalilan suna amfani da albasa mai laushi ko [[Ruwan Kal|ruwan inabi]] da kayan yaji. Ƙananan wake masu baƙar fata, ana amfani da wake na filin a Kudancin Carolina Lowcountry da Georgia na bakin teku. Peas masu baƙar fata sune al'ada a wasu wurare.

A kudancin Amurka, cin Hoppin 'John tare da kayan lambu a Ranar Sabuwar Shekara ana zaton zai kawo shekara mai wadata cike da sa'a. Peas alama ce ta dinari ko tsabar kudi, kuma wani lokacin ana ƙara tsabar kudi a cikin tukunya ko barin ta a ƙarƙashin kwanon abincin dare. Collard greens, mustard greens, turnip green, chard, kale, kabewa da irin wannan kayan lambu mai laushi da aka yi amfani da shi tare da wannan tasa ya kamata su kara da wadata, tunda su ne launi na kuɗin Amurka.

Wani abinci na gargajiya, gurasar masara, ana iya ba da shi don wakiltar wadata, kasancewar launi ne na zinariya. A ranar da ta biyo bayan Ranar Sabuwar Shekara, ana kiran ragowar &quot;Hoppin' John&quot; &quot;Skippin' Jenny&quot; kuma yana ci gaba da nuna rashin daidaituwa, yana kawo bege ga mafi kyawun damar wadata a Sabuwar Shekarar.

== Magana ==

=== Bayanan farko da aka buga ===
Magana ta farko ta ''Oxford English Dictionary''' game da abincin ta fito ne daga littafin tafiye-tafiye na Frederick Law Olmsted na karni na 19, A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States (1861). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Frederick Law Olmsted}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wani girke-girke na &quot;Hopping John&quot; a cikin The Carolina Housewife by Sarah Rutledge,  wanda aka buga a 1847, an kuma ambaci shi a matsayin farkon bayani. &lt;ref name=&quot;World of a Slave&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last3=Michael W. Twitty|edition=Kym S.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ma da wani tushe na baya shine Recollections of a Southern Matron, wanda ya ambaci &quot;Hopping John&quot;, wanda aka bayyana, a cikin bayanin kula, a matsayin &quot;bacon da shinkafa&quot;, tun farkon shekarar  1838 .

=== Tushen kalmomi ===
Asalin sunan ba shi da tabbas. Ɗaya daga cikin yiwuwar shi ne cewa sunan cin hanci da rashawa ne na kalmar Haitian Creole don wake mai baƙar fata: ''Po pijon'' (mai suna []) lit. 'Pigeon peas' ma'ana black-eyed peas. {{IPA|ht|pwapiʒɔ̃|pron}}''Pwa pijon'' aro ne daga ''kurciya mai guba'' ta Faransa.

== Tarihi ==
[[File:Hoppin'_John_peas&amp;rice.JPG|thumb|Hoppin' John - wake mai baƙar fata da shinkafa]]
Hoppin 'John ya samo asali ne daga mutanen Gullah kuma asalinsa abinci ne na Lowcountry guda ɗaya kafin ya bazu ga dukan jama'ar Kudu. Hoppin 'John na iya samo asali ne daga shinkafa da cakuda wake waɗanda suka kasance abincin bayi na Afirka ta Yamma a kan hanyar zuwa Amurka. An ci gaba da gano Hoppin 'John zuwa irin wannan abinci a Yammacin Afirka,  musamman abincin Senegalese thiebou niebe. &lt;ref name=&quot;World of a Slave&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|edition=Livia}}&lt;/ref&gt; Har ila yau, yayi kama da [[Waakye]], abincin shinkafa da wake daga Ghana.

Wata al'ada da aka saba gani a Amurka ita ce kowane mutum a wurin cin abinci ya kamata ya bar wake uku a kan farantinsa don tabbatar da cewa Sabuwar Shekara za ta cika da sa'a, arziki da soyayya.  Wata al'ada kuma ta nuna cewa ƙidaya adadin wake a cikin hidima yana nuna adadin sa'a, ko wadata, da mai cin abinci zai samu a shekara mai zuwa. A Tsibirin Sapelo a cikin al'ummar Hog Hammock, ana amfani da wake ja na Geechee maimakon wake mai baƙi. Wake ja na Tsibirin Sea suna kama da juna.

Mai dafa abinci na Amurka Sean Brock ya yi iƙirarin cewa an yi amfani da shinkafa na gargajiya na Hoppin 'John tare da shinkafar Carolina Gold, wanda aka yi la'akari da shi ya ƙare, da kuma Red Peas na Tsibirin Sea. Ya yi aiki tare da manoma don sake gabatar da wannan nau'in shinkafa. Ya zuwa 2017, masu shinkafa da yawa suna ba da shinkafa Carolina Gold.

== Bambance-bambance ==
tare da tarin ayyukan fasaha sama da 6,400, kamar zane-zane, sassaka, kayan ado, ayyuka akan takarda, da sana'o'i. Gidan tarihin yana cikin Langan Park mallakar birnin, kuma a cikin 2002, an faɗaɗa shi dalar Amurka miliyan 15, wanda The Architects Group of Mobile ta tsara, don ninka girmansa zuwa murabba'in ƙafa 86,444 (m2 8,030.91) akan kadada 9.3

.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2020}}

== Dubi kuma ==
 

* Arroz de fríjol cabecita negra - kwatankwacin Colombian.
* Arroz con gandules - daidai da Puerto Rican
* Galle pinto - kwatankwacin abincin Nicaragua da Costa Rica
* Pabellón criollo - Irin wannan abincin a Venezuela ciki har da naman sa da aka yanka kuma inda ake ba da sinadaran daban
* Platillo Moros y Cristianos - daidai da Cuban
* Ranar Saint Sylvester - ana cin irin wannan abincin a Italiya don bikin Sabuwar Shekara.
* Jerin abincin yanki na Amurka

== Manazarta ==

[[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>John Arbeznik</title>
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      <id>969774</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T08:13:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377349521|John Arbeznik]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad Al Fatih Muhammad John C. Arbeznik''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1957) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka. Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Michigan daga 1976 zuwa 1979 kuma ya kasance mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.

== Jami'ar Michigan ==
Dan asalin Jami'ar Heights, Ohio, Arbeznik ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a Cleveland kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Michigan a 1975. &lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot; /&gt; Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallonallon ƙafa ta Bo Schembechler ta Michigan Wolverines daga 1976 zuwa 1979.&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Michigan Football Roster Database |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/rosters/football.php |access-date=March 10, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙafa shida, inci uku, da fam 240,  Arbeznik ya lashe wuri a cikin sahun farawa a 1977, amma ya rasa mafi yawan kakar bayan ya ci gaba da raunin gwiwa.  Ya dawo a shekara mai zuwa kuma ya fara wasanni tara a hannun hagu na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1978 wacce ta tara rikodin 10-2 kuma an sanya shi No. 5 a cikin AP Poll na karshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=1978 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1978fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kasance kyaftin din mai kai hari,  kuma mai farawa na wasanni 12 a hannun hagu, ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1979 wacce ta tara rikodin 8-4. &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=1979 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1979fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zaba shi a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.  &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot; /&gt;

== Kwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa da aikin watsa shirye-shirye ==
Arbeznik ya sanya hannu a matsayin wakilin kyauta daga New Orleans Saints a 1980 kuma ya yanke a ƙarshen watan Agusta 1980. &lt;ref name=&quot;MD&quot; /&gt; Daga nan ne New York Jets suka sanya hannu a kansa a watan Fabrairun 1981.

A cikin fall of 1981, ya zama mai sharhi a kan watsa shirye-shiryen wasannin kwallon kafa na Michigan a rediyo na WTOD a Toledo, Ohio, yayin da yake aiki a cikin shirin horar da gudanarwa don [[Procter &amp; Gamble]] . 

An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na Athletic na makarantar sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a shekarar 1997. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athletic Hall of Fame and Awards |url=http://www.ignatius.edu/athletichalloffame |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=Saint Ignatius High School}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1957]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>969775</id>
      <parentid>969774</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-20T08:14:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aluja</username>
        <id>30485</id>
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'''John C. Arbeznik''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1957) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka. Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Michigan daga 1976 zuwa 1979 kuma ya kasance mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.

== Jami'ar Michigan ==
Dan asalin Jami'ar Heights, Ohio, Arbeznik ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a Cleveland kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Michigan a 1975. &lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot; /&gt; Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallonallon ƙafa ta Bo Schembechler ta Michigan Wolverines daga 1976 zuwa 1979.&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Michigan Football Roster Database |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/rosters/football.php |access-date=March 10, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙafa shida, inci uku, da fam 240,  Arbeznik ya lashe wuri a cikin sahun farawa a 1977, amma ya rasa mafi yawan kakar bayan ya ci gaba da raunin gwiwa.  Ya dawo a shekara mai zuwa kuma ya fara wasanni tara a hannun hagu na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1978 wacce ta tara rikodin 10-2 kuma an sanya shi No. 5 a cikin AP Poll na karshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=1978 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1978fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kasance kyaftin din mai kai hari,  kuma mai farawa na wasanni 12 a hannun hagu, ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1979 wacce ta tara rikodin 8-4. &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=1979 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1979fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zaba shi a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.  &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot; /&gt;

== Kwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa da aikin watsa shirye-shirye ==
Arbeznik ya sanya hannu a matsayin wakilin kyauta daga New Orleans Saints a 1980 kuma ya yanke a ƙarshen watan Agusta 1980. &lt;ref name=&quot;MD&quot; /&gt; Daga nan ne New York Jets suka sanya hannu a kansa a watan Fabrairun 1981.

A cikin fall of 1981, ya zama mai sharhi a kan watsa shirye-shiryen wasannin kwallon kafa na Michigan a rediyo na WTOD a Toledo, Ohio, yayin da yake aiki a cikin shirin horar da gudanarwa don [[Procter &amp; Gamble]] . 

An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na Athletic na makarantar sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a shekarar 1997. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athletic Hall of Fame and Awards |url=http://www.ignatius.edu/athletichalloffame |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=Saint Ignatius High School}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1957]]</text>
      <sha1>5s94xvnmdqnv1935ht9ghy3oltq0v78</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
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'''John C. Arbeznik''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1957) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka. Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Michigan daga 1976 zuwa 1979 kuma ya kasance mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.

== Jami'ar Michigan ==
Dan asalin Jami'ar Heights, Ohio, Arbeznik ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a Cleveland kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Michigan a 1975. &lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot; /&gt; Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallonallon ƙafa ta Bo Schembechler ta Michigan Wolverines daga 1976 zuwa 1979.&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Michigan Football Roster Database |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/rosters/football.php |access-date=March 10, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙafa shida, inci uku, da fam 240,  Arbeznik ya lashe wuri a cikin sahun farawa a 1977, amma ya rasa mafi yawan kakar bayan ya ci gaba da raunin gwiwa.  Ya dawo a shekara mai zuwa kuma ya fara wasanni tara a hannun hagu na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1978 wacce ta tara rikodin 10-2 kuma an sanya shi No. 5 a cikin AP Poll na karshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=1978 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1978fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kasance kyaftin din mai kai hari,  kuma mai farawa na wasanni 12 a hannun hagu, ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1979 wacce ta tara rikodin 8-4. &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=1979 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1979fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zaba shi a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.  &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot; /&gt;

== Kwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa da aikin watsa shirye-shirye ==
Arbeznik ya sanya hannu a matsayin wakilin kyauta daga New Orleans Saints a 1980 kuma ya yanke a ƙarshen watan Agusta 1980. &lt;ref name=&quot;MD&quot; /&gt; Daga nan ne New York Jets suka sanya hannu a kansa a watan Fabrairun 1981.

A cikin fall of 1981, ya zama mai sharhi a kan watsa shirye-shiryen wasannin kwallon kafa na Michigan a rediyo na WTOD a Toledo, Ohio, yayin da yake aiki a cikin shirin horar da gudanarwa don [[Procter &amp; Gamble]] . 

An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na Athletic na makarantar sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a shekarar 1997. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athletic Hall of Fame and Awards |url=http://www.ignatius.edu/athletichalloffame |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=Saint Ignatius High School}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1957]]</text>
      <sha1>jzwg9nsybebnldlmn9s7ufi0rh5zsvg</sha1>
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        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Jami'ar Michigan */</comment>
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      <text bytes="3150" sha1="a0zsqw35ufmm7h7ujot11zkizjr2mue" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
'''John C. Arbeznik''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1957) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka. Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Michigan daga 1976 zuwa 1979 kuma ya kasance mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.

== Jami'ar Michigan ==
Dan asalin Jami'ar Heights, Ohio, Arbeznik ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a Cleveland kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Michigan a 1975. &lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot; /&gt; Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallonallon ƙafa ta Bo Schembechler ta Michigan Wolverines daga 1976 zuwa 1979.&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Michigan Football Roster Database |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/rosters/football.php |access-date=March 10, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙafa shida, inci uku, da fam 240,&lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot;&gt;{{cite news |author=Larry Paladino |date=October 4, 1978 |title=Arbeznik Can't Figure It Out |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&amp;dat=19781004&amp;id=omwiAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=o6wFAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=1217,2797388 |newspaper=The Argus-Press|via=Google News|agency=Associated Press |page=18}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Arbeznik ya lashe wuri a cikin sahun farawa a 1977, amma ya rasa mafi yawan kakar bayan ya ci gaba da raunin gwiwa.  Ya dawo a shekara mai zuwa kuma ya fara wasanni tara a hannun hagu na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1978 wacce ta tara rikodin 10-2 kuma an sanya shi No. 5 a cikin AP Poll na karshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=1978 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1978fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kasance kyaftin din mai kai hari,  kuma mai farawa na wasanni 12 a hannun hagu, ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1979 wacce ta tara rikodin 8-4. &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=1979 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1979fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zaba shi a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.  &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot; /&gt;

== Kwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa da aikin watsa shirye-shirye ==
Arbeznik ya sanya hannu a matsayin wakilin kyauta daga New Orleans Saints a 1980 kuma ya yanke a ƙarshen watan Agusta 1980. &lt;ref name=&quot;MD&quot; /&gt; Daga nan ne New York Jets suka sanya hannu a kansa a watan Fabrairun 1981.

A cikin fall of 1981, ya zama mai sharhi a kan watsa shirye-shiryen wasannin kwallon kafa na Michigan a rediyo na WTOD a Toledo, Ohio, yayin da yake aiki a cikin shirin horar da gudanarwa don [[Procter &amp; Gamble]] . 

An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na Athletic na makarantar sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a shekarar 1997. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athletic Hall of Fame and Awards |url=http://www.ignatius.edu/athletichalloffame |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=Saint Ignatius High School}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1957]]</text>
      <sha1>a0zsqw35ufmm7h7ujot11zkizjr2mue</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>969778</id>
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        <id>30485</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Kwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa da aikin watsa shirye-shirye */</comment>
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'''John C. Arbeznik''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1957) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka. Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Michigan daga 1976 zuwa 1979 kuma ya kasance mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.

== Jami'ar Michigan ==
Dan asalin Jami'ar Heights, Ohio, Arbeznik ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a Cleveland kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Michigan a 1975. &lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot; /&gt; Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallonallon ƙafa ta Bo Schembechler ta Michigan Wolverines daga 1976 zuwa 1979.&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Michigan Football Roster Database |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/rosters/football.php |access-date=March 10, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙafa shida, inci uku, da fam 240,&lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot;&gt;{{cite news |author=Larry Paladino |date=October 4, 1978 |title=Arbeznik Can't Figure It Out |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&amp;dat=19781004&amp;id=omwiAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=o6wFAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=1217,2797388 |newspaper=The Argus-Press|via=Google News|agency=Associated Press |page=18}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Arbeznik ya lashe wuri a cikin sahun farawa a 1977, amma ya rasa mafi yawan kakar bayan ya ci gaba da raunin gwiwa.  Ya dawo a shekara mai zuwa kuma ya fara wasanni tara a hannun hagu na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1978 wacce ta tara rikodin 10-2 kuma an sanya shi No. 5 a cikin AP Poll na karshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=1978 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1978fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kasance kyaftin din mai kai hari,  kuma mai farawa na wasanni 12 a hannun hagu, ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1979 wacce ta tara rikodin 8-4. &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=1979 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1979fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zaba shi a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.  &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot; /&gt;

== Kwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa da aikin watsa shirye-shirye ==
Arbeznik ya sanya hannu a matsayin wakilin kyauta daga New Orleans Saints a 1980 kuma ya yanke a ƙarshen watan Agusta 1980. &lt;ref name=&quot;MD&quot; /&gt; Daga nan ne New York Jets suka sanya hannu a kansa a watan Fabrairun 1981.&lt;ref name=MD&gt;{{cite news|title=Jets sign Arbenik|newspaper=The Michigan Daily|date=February 12, 1981|page=10|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2706&amp;dat=19810212&amp;id=cv5JAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=Sh4NAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=2046,1626428}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin fall of 1981, ya zama mai sharhi a kan watsa shirye-shiryen wasannin kwallon kafa na Michigan a rediyo na WTOD a Toledo, Ohio, yayin da yake aiki a cikin shirin horar da gudanarwa don [[Procter &amp; Gamble]] . 

An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na Athletic na makarantar sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a shekarar 1997. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athletic Hall of Fame and Awards |url=http://www.ignatius.edu/athletichalloffame |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=Saint Ignatius High School}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1957]]</text>
      <sha1>7yy3oi864hqqvmfyr1ipujcf0jwp50b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>969798</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-20T11:25:43Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Baby juuu</username>
        <id>38856</id>
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'''John C. Arbeznik''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Yuni, a shekara ta alif 1957) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka. Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Michigan daga 1976 zuwa 1979 kuma ya kasance mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.

== Jami'ar Michigan ==
Dan asalin Jami'ar Heights, Ohio, Arbeznik ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a Cleveland kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Michigan a 1975. &lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot; /&gt; Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallonallon ƙafa ta Bo Schembechler ta Michigan Wolverines daga 1976 zuwa 1979.&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Michigan Football Roster Database |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/rosters/football.php |access-date=March 10, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙafa shida, inci uku, da fam 240,&lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot;&gt;{{cite news |author=Larry Paladino |date=October 4, 1978 |title=Arbeznik Can't Figure It Out |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&amp;dat=19781004&amp;id=omwiAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=o6wFAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=1217,2797388 |newspaper=The Argus-Press|via=Google News|agency=Associated Press |page=18}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Arbeznik ya lashe wuri a cikin sahun farawa a 1977, amma ya rasa mafi yawan kakar bayan ya ci gaba da raunin gwiwa.  Ya dawo a shekara mai zuwa kuma ya fara wasanni tara a hannun hagu na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1978 wacce ta tara rikodin 10-2 kuma an sanya shi No. 5 a cikin AP Poll na karshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=1978 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1978fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kasance kyaftin din mai kai hari,  kuma mai farawa na wasanni 12 a hannun hagu, ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1979 wacce ta tara rikodin 8-4. &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=1979 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1979fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zaba shi a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.  &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot; /&gt;

== Kwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa da aikin watsa shirye-shirye ==
Arbeznik ya sanya hannu a matsayin wakilin kyauta daga New Orleans Saints a 1980 kuma ya yanke a ƙarshen watan Agusta 1980. &lt;ref name=&quot;MD&quot; /&gt; Daga nan ne New York Jets suka sanya hannu a kansa a watan Fabrairun 1981.&lt;ref name=MD&gt;{{cite news|title=Jets sign Arbenik|newspaper=The Michigan Daily|date=February 12, 1981|page=10|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2706&amp;dat=19810212&amp;id=cv5JAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=Sh4NAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=2046,1626428}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin fall of 1981, ya zama mai sharhi a kan watsa shirye-shiryen wasannin kwallon kafa na Michigan a rediyo na WTOD a Toledo, Ohio, yayin da yake aiki a cikin shirin horar da gudanarwa don [[Procter &amp; Gamble]] . 

An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na Athletic na makarantar sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a shekarar 1997. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athletic Hall of Fame and Awards |url=http://www.ignatius.edu/athletichalloffame |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=Saint Ignatius High School}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1957]]</text>
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'''John C. Arbeznik''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Yuni, a shekara ta alif 1957) tsohon ɗan wasan [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] ne na Amurka. Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Michigan daga 1976 zuwa 1979 kuma ya kasance mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.

== Jami'ar Michigan ==
Dan asalin Jami'ar Heights, Ohio, Arbeznik ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a Cleveland kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Michigan a 1975. &lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot; /&gt; Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallonallon ƙafa ta Bo Schembechler ta Michigan Wolverines daga 1976 zuwa 1979.&lt;ref name=&quot;roster&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Michigan Football Roster Database |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/rosters/football.php |access-date=March 10, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ƙafa shida, inci uku, da fam 240,&lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot;&gt;{{cite news |author=Larry Paladino |date=October 4, 1978 |title=Arbeznik Can't Figure It Out |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&amp;dat=19781004&amp;id=omwiAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=o6wFAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=1217,2797388 |newspaper=The Argus-Press|via=Google News|agency=Associated Press |page=18}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Arbeznik ya lashe wuri a cikin sahun farawa a 1977, amma ya rasa mafi yawan kakar bayan ya ci gaba da raunin gwiwa.  Ya dawo a shekara mai zuwa kuma ya fara wasanni tara a hannun hagu na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1978 wacce ta tara rikodin 10-2 kuma an sanya shi No. 5 a cikin AP Poll na karshe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=1978 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1978fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya kasance kyaftin din mai kai hari,  kuma mai farawa na wasanni 12 a hannun hagu, ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Michigan Wolverines ta 1979 wacce ta tara rikodin 8-4. &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=1979 Football Team |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1979fbt.htm |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library}}&lt;/ref&gt; An zaba shi a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko na All-Big Ten Conference a duka 1978 da 1979.  &lt;ref name=&quot;t79&quot; /&gt;

== Kwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa da aikin watsa shirye-shirye ==
Arbeznik ya sanya hannu a matsayin wakilin kyauta daga New Orleans Saints a 1980 kuma ya yanke a ƙarshen watan Agusta 1980. &lt;ref name=&quot;MD&quot; /&gt; Daga nan ne New York Jets suka sanya hannu a kansa a watan Fabrairu a shekara ta alif 1981.&lt;ref name=MD&gt;{{cite news|title=Jets sign Arbenik|newspaper=The Michigan Daily|date=February 12, 1981|page=10|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2706&amp;dat=19810212&amp;id=cv5JAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=Sh4NAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=2046,1626428}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A cikin fall of 1981, ya zama mai sharhi a kan watsa shirye-shiryen wasannin kwallon kafa na Michigan a rediyo na WTOD a Toledo, Ohio, yayin da yake aiki a cikin shirin horar da gudanarwa don [[Procter &amp; Gamble]] . 

An shigar da shi cikin Hall of Fame na Athletic na makarantar sakandare ta Saint Ignatius a shekarar 1997. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athletic Hall of Fame and Awards |url=http://www.ignatius.edu/athletichalloffame |access-date=March 12, 2015 |publisher=Saint Ignatius High School}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Manazarta ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]]
[[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1957]]</text>
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