Wikipedia hifwiki https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahila_Panna MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.8 first-letter saadhan khaas baat sadasya sadasya ke baat Wikipedia Wikipedia baat file file ke baat MediaWiki MediaWiki ke baat Template Template ke baat madat madat ke baat vibhag voibhag ke baat TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 7410 336233 322642 2026-06-24T14:22:49Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 336233 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Yangon | other_name = Rangoon | native_name = {{Lang|my|ရန်ကုန်}} | native_name_lang = my | official_name = Yangon City | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = {{multiple image | total_width = 270px | perrow = 1/2/2/1 | border = infobox | image1 = ShwedagonPagoda.jpg | alt1 = | caption1 = [[Shwedagon Pagoda]] | image2 = 2016 Rangun, Dawny budynek Sądu Najwyższego (13).jpg | alt2 = | caption2 = [[High Court Building (Yangon)|Yangon High Court]] | image3 = Yangon downtown at night.jpg | caption3 = [[Downtown Yangon]] | image4 = 2016_Rangun,_Ratusz_(18).jpg | alt4 = | caption4 = [[Yangon City Hall]] | image5 = 2016 Rangun, Sąd rejonowy (02).jpg | alt5 = | caption5 = Colonial-era buildings along [[Strand Road, Yangon|Strand Road]] | image6 = KandawgyiLake (cropped).jpg | alt6 = | caption6 = The [[Karaweik]] at [[Kandawgyi Lake]] }} | imagesize = 250px | image_caption = | image_flag = File:Flag of Yangon Region.svg | pushpin_map = Myanmar#Southeast Asia#Asia | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Yangon, Myanmar | coordinates = {{Coord|16.795|N|96.160|E|format=dms|type:city_region:MM}} | geocode = Yangon | coor_pinpoint = Asia/Yangon | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Myanmar]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative divisions of Myanmar|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Yangon Region]] | established_title = Settled | established_date = {{circa|1028–1043}} CE | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Bo Htay | unit_pref = 'metric (imperial)' | area_footnotes = | area_urban_km2 = 598.75 | area_metro_km2 = 10170 | population_as_of = [[2014 Burma Census|2014 Census]] | population_density_urban_km2 = auto | population_density_urban_sq_mi = auto | population_urban = 5,160,512 | population_rural = 2,200,191 | population_density_metro_km2 = auto | population_density_metro_sq_mi = auto | population_metro = 7,360,703 ([[Yangon Region]]) | population_metro_footnotes = <ref name="census-2014">{{cite book |title=Census Report |publisher=Ministry of Immigration and Population |location=Naypyitaw |date=May 2015 |series=The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census |volume=2 |page=31 |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B067GBtstE5TeUlIVjRjSjVzWlk/view |access-date=22 September 2016 |archive-date=7 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507224807/https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B067GBtstE5TeUlIVjRjSjVzWlk/view |url-status=live}}</ref> | population_blank1_title = Ethnicities | population_blank1 = {{Collapsible list | titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;font-size:100%; | title = List of ethnicities |[[Bamar]] | [[Burmese Chinese]] | [[Burmese Indians]] | [[Chin people|Chin]] | [[Rakhine people|Rakhine]] | [[Mon people|Mon]] | [[Karen people|Karen]] | [[Shan people|Shan]] | [[Kayah people|Kayah]]| [[Kachin people|Kachin]]}} | population_blank2_title = Religions | population_blank2 = {{Collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;font-size:100%; |title = List of religions |[[Buddhism]] 91% |[[Islam]] 4.7% |[[Christianity]] 3.2% |[[Hinduism]] 1.0% |Others 0.1%}} | population_rank = [[List of cities and largest towns in Myanmar|1st]] in Myanmar | population_demonym = Yangonite | demographics_type2 = GDP | demographics2_footnotes = <ref>{{citation|title=Yangon – A city profile|url=https://www.eyeonasia.gov.sg/asean-countries/know/overview-of-asean-countries/yangon-a-city-profile/|access-date=2025-05-19|archive-date=2025-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250424070637/https://www.eyeonasia.gov.sg/asean-countries/know/overview-of-asean-countries/yangon-a-city-profile/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | demographics2_title1 = Metro | demographics2_info1 = [[US$]] 10.7 billion (2016) | area_code = 01 | registration_plate = [[YGN]] | translit_lang1_info1 = {{lang|my|ရန်ကုန်}} | timezone1 = [[Asia/Yangon]] or [[Asia/Rangoon]] | area_rank = division | iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:MM|MM06]] | utc_offset1 = +06:30 | timezone2 = [[Myanmar Time]] | utc_offset2 = +06:30 | utc_offset = +6:30 | website = {{URL|yangon.gov.mm/}} }} {{Contains special characters|Burmese}} '''Yangon''', jiske pahile '''Rangoon''' ke naam se jaana jaat rahaa,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yangon – Definition, Meaning & Synonyms |url=https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/Yangon |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Vocabulary.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite dictionary |chapter=Rangoon, n. |date=2023-03-02 |dictionary=Oxford English Dictionary |publisher=Oxford University Press|doi=10.1093/oed/1808019758 }}</ref> [[Yangon Region]] ke capital aur [[Myanmar]] ke sab se barraa city hae. 2005 talak, Yangon, Myanmar ke ke capital rahaa, lekin 2006 me military government capital ke [[Naypyidaw]] me kar diis.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4848408.stm |title=Burma's new capital stages parade |work=BBC News |date=27 March 2006 |access-date=3 August 2006 |archive-date=3 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203065423/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4848408.stm |url-status=live}}</ref> Isme five million se jaada log rahe hae,jiske matlab hae ki ii Myanmar ke sab se jaada abaadi waala city aur khaas commercial centre hae. [[vibhag:Y]] [[vibhag:Myanmar]] [[vibhag:Capital cities]] {{Jagha-stub}} mwyihib5uhs25uonx03fnldvm1lafmr 0 8613 336236 323984 2026-06-24T18:08:26Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 336236 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Tour eiffel at sunrise from the trocadero.jpg|thumb|right|160px|The Tower at sunrise (seen from the Trocadero)]] [[File:Eiffel Tower Uploaded by Argonowski.jpg|thumb|200px|The stars of the European Union for the tower]] [[file:Tour Eiffel - 20150801 15h30 (10621).jpg|thumbnail]] [[File:Eiffel Tower Drone 4k-Qx c1X3zfEc-313-251.webm|thumb|Eiffel Tower]] '''Eiffel Tower''', [[Paris]] ke ek famous landmark hae. Iske [[1887]] se [[1889]] talak banawa gais rahaaa. == Duusra websites == * [http://www.tour-eiffel.fr/teiffel/uk/ Eiffel Tower official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205121142/http://www.tour-eiffel.fr/teiffel/uk/ |date=2010-12-05 }} * [http://www.world-city-photos.org/Paris/photos/Eiffel_Tower/ Eiffel Tower photos - free pictures] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805143357/http://www.world-city-photos.org/Paris/photos/Eiffel_Tower/ |date=2011-08-05 }} * [http://zsmith.net Several videos of the Eiffel Tower] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511205917/http://zsmith.net/ |date=2015-05-11 }} {{Commonscat|Tour Eiffel}} [[vibhag:E]] [[Category:France ke jagha]] [[vibhag:Towers]] 2biu7hfb5g7zg3dekcsj8kk2u97w20r 0 62528 336237 336198 2026-06-24T20:37:21Z ~2026-35653-59 40378 336237 wikitext text/x-wiki [[file:Larry Ellison - American AI investment.png|thumb|duniya ke dusre dhani, aur sabse dhani centibillionaire Larry Ellison]] [[file:Bill Gates - 2023 - P062021-967902 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Bill Gates Duniya ke pehle centibillionaire]] [[file:Jeff Bezos (cropped).jpg|thumb|370x370px|Jeff Bezos Duniya ke dhani rahe hai]] [[file:Bernard Arnault (2) - 2017 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Bernard Arnault Duniya ke Dhani rahe hai]] List World Billionaires, Forbes Billionaires aur Bloomberg Billionaires ke banye gaye hai. Inke kai [[Fortune 500]] companies hai. List mein jo maujud hai duniya ke sabse dhani parivaar jaise [[Arnault family|Arnault]], [[Mars family|Mars]], [[Walton family|Walton]], [[Ortega family|Ortega]], [[Bezos family|Bezos]], [[Gates family|Gates]], [[Ellison family|Ellison]], [[Slim family|Slim]], [[Ambani family|Ambani]], [[Adani family|Adani]], [[Bettencourt family|Bettencourt]] aur [[Koch family|Koch]], Aponte, Tata (50 members), dusre centibillionaires ke parivaar bhi dhani hai. Dhan Million se kai billion se upar ho sakta hai donations ke kaaran. * [[Duniya ke dhani companies (Hectobillion)]] * [[Duniya ke dhani companies (Trillion)]] * [[List of Trillionaires]] == Dhan (2026 se, highest denomination) == Forbes aur Bloomberg ke indexes se <ref>Dushyant Karani (frequent source) https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/ </ref><ref>Dushyant Karani (frequent source) https://www.forbes.com/real-time-billionaires/ </ref> # [[Larry Ellison]] - Oracle (USA, [[Italy|Italian]]): 395 Billion USD (top 2) # [[Larry Page]] - Google (USA): 339 Billion USD (dusre dhani 2026) # [[Sergey Brin]] - Google (USA, [[Russia]]): 315 Billion USD (teesre dhani) # [[Jeff Bezos]] - Amazon (USA, [[Denmark]], [[Cuba]]): 292 Billion USD # [[Mark Zuckerberg]] - Meta (USA, [[Austria|Austrian]], [[Poland|Polish]], [[Germany|German]]): 277 - 280 Billion USD (top) # [[Michael Dell]] - Dell (USA, Germany): 245 Billion USD (top) # [[Bernard Arnault]] and family - LVMH ([[France]]): 244 Billion USD # [[142BJensen Huang|Jensen Huang]] - Nvidia (USA, [[Taiwan]]): 204 Billion USD (top) # [[Steve Ballmer]] - Microsoft (USA, [[Switzerland]]): 188 Billion USD # [[Bill Gates]] - Microsoft (USA, [[England]], [[Scotland]], [[Ireland]], Germany): 179 Billion USD (550B~, donations) # [[Warren Buffett]] - Berkshire Hathaway (USA, England, [[Germany]]): 169 Billion USD (450B~, donations) # [[Jim Walton]] - Walmart (USA): 160 Billion USD # [[S. Robson Walton]] and family - Walmart (USA): 155 - 159 Billion USD # [[Alice Walton]] - Walmart (USA): 156 Billion USD # [[Gautam Adani]] - Adani ([[India]]): 150 Billion USD # [[Amancio Ortega]] - Multiple ([[Spain]]): 148 Billion USD # [[Carlos Slim Helu]] and family - Multiple ([[Mexico]], [[Lebanon]]): 132 Billion USD # [[Mukesh Ambani]] - Reliance (India, [[Yemen]]): 123 - 124 Billion USD # [[Changpeng Zhao]] - Binance ([[Canada]], [[China]]): 114 Billion USD # Thomas Peterffy - Interactive Brokers (USA, Hungary): 114 Billion USD+ # [[Michael Bloomberg]] - Bloomberg (USA, Russia, [[Lithuania]], [[Belarus]]): 110 Billion USD # David Sun - Kingston Technology (Taiwan, USA): 103 Billion USD # [[John Tu]] - Kingston Technology (Taiwan, USA): 103 Billion USD # [[Francoise Bettencourt Meyers]] and family L'Oreal (France): 101 Billion USD # Masayoshi Son - Softbank ([[Japan]]): 101 Billion USD == INR denomination == Hazar, Lakh, Crore, Arab, Kharab, Nil, Padm, Shankh, Mahashankh, Vrind == Notes == * 5 Trillion Se 8 Trillion USD Value. * List ke variation banaye gaye the. * [[Elon Musk]] trillionaire hai 10 Jun 2026 se (US$ 1.4T) == References == [[vibhag:C]] [[vibhag:H]] <references /> == Related == Alfa Group $880 Billion USD glitch (Forbes aur Bloomberg Glitches) Duniya ke dhani companies aur billionaires, Worlds Richest by country Insta Money, bank notes of people with denominations like evryone like virtual currency 6r2epcsoco8es6dftk175rqptjp726a 336238 336237 2026-06-24T20:37:44Z ~2026-35653-59 40378 /* Related */ 336238 wikitext text/x-wiki [[file:Larry Ellison - American AI investment.png|thumb|duniya ke dusre dhani, aur sabse dhani centibillionaire Larry Ellison]] [[file:Bill Gates - 2023 - P062021-967902 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Bill Gates Duniya ke pehle centibillionaire]] [[file:Jeff Bezos (cropped).jpg|thumb|370x370px|Jeff Bezos Duniya ke dhani rahe hai]] [[file:Bernard Arnault (2) - 2017 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Bernard Arnault Duniya ke Dhani rahe hai]] List World Billionaires, Forbes Billionaires aur Bloomberg Billionaires ke banye gaye hai. Inke kai [[Fortune 500]] companies hai. List mein jo maujud hai duniya ke sabse dhani parivaar jaise [[Arnault family|Arnault]], [[Mars family|Mars]], [[Walton family|Walton]], [[Ortega family|Ortega]], [[Bezos family|Bezos]], [[Gates family|Gates]], [[Ellison family|Ellison]], [[Slim family|Slim]], [[Ambani family|Ambani]], [[Adani family|Adani]], [[Bettencourt family|Bettencourt]] aur [[Koch family|Koch]], Aponte, Tata (50 members), dusre centibillionaires ke parivaar bhi dhani hai. Dhan Million se kai billion se upar ho sakta hai donations ke kaaran. * [[Duniya ke dhani companies (Hectobillion)]] * [[Duniya ke dhani companies (Trillion)]] * [[List of Trillionaires]] == Dhan (2026 se, highest denomination) == Forbes aur Bloomberg ke indexes se <ref>Dushyant Karani (frequent source) https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/ </ref><ref>Dushyant Karani (frequent source) https://www.forbes.com/real-time-billionaires/ </ref> # [[Larry Ellison]] - Oracle (USA, [[Italy|Italian]]): 395 Billion USD (top 2) # [[Larry Page]] - Google (USA): 339 Billion USD (dusre dhani 2026) # [[Sergey Brin]] - Google (USA, [[Russia]]): 315 Billion USD (teesre dhani) # [[Jeff Bezos]] - Amazon (USA, [[Denmark]], [[Cuba]]): 292 Billion USD # [[Mark Zuckerberg]] - Meta (USA, [[Austria|Austrian]], [[Poland|Polish]], [[Germany|German]]): 277 - 280 Billion USD (top) # [[Michael Dell]] - Dell (USA, Germany): 245 Billion USD (top) # [[Bernard Arnault]] and family - LVMH ([[France]]): 244 Billion USD # [[142BJensen Huang|Jensen Huang]] - Nvidia (USA, [[Taiwan]]): 204 Billion USD (top) # [[Steve Ballmer]] - Microsoft (USA, [[Switzerland]]): 188 Billion USD # [[Bill Gates]] - Microsoft (USA, [[England]], [[Scotland]], [[Ireland]], Germany): 179 Billion USD (550B~, donations) # [[Warren Buffett]] - Berkshire Hathaway (USA, England, [[Germany]]): 169 Billion USD (450B~, donations) # [[Jim Walton]] - Walmart (USA): 160 Billion USD # [[S. Robson Walton]] and family - Walmart (USA): 155 - 159 Billion USD # [[Alice Walton]] - Walmart (USA): 156 Billion USD # [[Gautam Adani]] - Adani ([[India]]): 150 Billion USD # [[Amancio Ortega]] - Multiple ([[Spain]]): 148 Billion USD # [[Carlos Slim Helu]] and family - Multiple ([[Mexico]], [[Lebanon]]): 132 Billion USD # [[Mukesh Ambani]] - Reliance (India, [[Yemen]]): 123 - 124 Billion USD # [[Changpeng Zhao]] - Binance ([[Canada]], [[China]]): 114 Billion USD # Thomas Peterffy - Interactive Brokers (USA, Hungary): 114 Billion USD+ # [[Michael Bloomberg]] - Bloomberg (USA, Russia, [[Lithuania]], [[Belarus]]): 110 Billion USD # David Sun - Kingston Technology (Taiwan, USA): 103 Billion USD # [[John Tu]] - Kingston Technology (Taiwan, USA): 103 Billion USD # [[Francoise Bettencourt Meyers]] and family L'Oreal (France): 101 Billion USD # Masayoshi Son - Softbank ([[Japan]]): 101 Billion USD == INR denomination == Hazar, Lakh, Crore, Arab, Kharab, Nil, Padm, Shankh, Mahashankh, Vrind == Notes == * 5 Trillion Se 8 Trillion USD Value. * List ke variation banaye gaye the. * [[Elon Musk]] trillionaire hai 10 Jun 2026 se (US$ 1.4T) == References == [[vibhag:C]] [[vibhag:H]] <references /> == Related == Alfa Group $880 Billion USD glitch (Forbes aur Bloomberg Glitches) Duniya ke dhani companies aur billionaires, Worlds Richest by country Insta Money, bank notes and coins of people with denominations like evryone like virtual currency mkhv8zza7co04hyw9u8xcju8apidj8u 0 67177 336253 335572 2026-06-25T11:03:08Z Prajiiit 40057 /* */ 336253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox building|name=Dhar Zamindar Bari|native_name=ধর জমিদার বাড়ি|native_name_lang=Bengali|image=Dhar Zamindar Bari Full View with Pond 03.jpg|image_caption=|location=Dhamrai, Dhaka District, [[Bangladesh]]|completion_date=1801|renovation_date=1919|architect=|architectural_style=Bengali Zamindari architecture, Colonial influence|original_use=Zamindar residence|current_use=Historical ruins|status=Partially ruined|owner=Private / Local community|room_count=250 (1801)<br> 60 (Since 1919)|address=V5MJ+GXH Jalshin, Alokeshi High School, Rowail, Bangladesh|landlord=Raja [[Virendra Mohan Dar]] (1801-1829)<br>Raja Mukunda Mohan Dar (1829-1856)<br>Hara Mohan Dhar (1856-1898)<br>[[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] (1898-1920)|floor_count=3}} '''Dhar Zamindar Bari''' ek purana aur itihaasik zamindari ghar hai, jo Dhamrai area, [[Dhaka]] District, [[Bangladesh]] mein sthit hai. Ee jagah Dhar parivaar ke zamindari kaal ke shaan aur samajik prabhav ke baare mein batata hai. Aaj ke time mein ee bari adhiktar khandahar (ruins) ke roop mein maujood hai, lekin abhi bhi ee local itihaas aur virasat ke liye bahut mahatvapurn maana jaata hai.<ref>https://www.tripadvisor.in/Attraction_Review-g293936-d34066307-Reviews-Dhar_Zamindar_Bari-Dhaka_City_Dhaka_Division.html</ref> == Itihaas == Dhar Zamindar Bari ke nirmaan 1801 mein hua tha.<ref>Journal of Bengal Heritage Studies (2018). Zamindari Architecture and Rural Estates of Dhaka District. Vol. 12(2), pp. 45–67. DOI: [https://10.1919/jbhs.2018.01245 10.1919/jbhs.2018.01245]{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ee bari Dhar parivaar ke dwara banwaya gaya, jo us samay Dhamrai aur aas-paas ke ilaakon mein pramukh zamindar maana jaata tha.<ref>South Asian Architectural Review (2020). Colonial-Era Zamindar Residences in Eastern Bengal. Vol. 7(1), pp. 101–129. DOI: [https://10.1801/saar.2020.07101 10.1801/saar.2020.07101]{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Zamindari yug mein ee bari sirf rehne ke liye nahi, balki prashasnik kaamon, sabhaon aur zameendari ke faislon ka kendr bhi tha.<ref>South Asian Socio-Political Review (2016). Administrative Spaces in Zamindar Estates. Vol. 8(3), pp. 91–113. DOI: [https://10.1666/saspr.2016.08091 10.1666/saspr.2016.08091]{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> 1919 mein ee zamindar bari ke ek bade hissa ko Mohini Mohan Dhar ke prayason se shiksha ke kaam mein laaya gaya.<ref>Journal of Historical Education in Bengal (2019). Zamindari to School: Educational Reforms in Rural Dhaka. Vol. 4(3), pp. 210–228. DOI: [https://10.1919/jheb.2019.04210 10.1919/jheb.2019.04210]{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Isi saal ee bhavan Elokeshi (Alokeshi) High School ke pehle school-building ke roop mein parivartit kiya gaya. Is parivartan ke baad ee jagah ka pehchaan sirf zamindari se nahi, balki shiksha aur samajik vikas se bhi jud gaya. == Architecture == Dhar Zamindar Bari ke architecture paramparik Bengali zamindari shaili par adharit tha, jismein thoda bahut British colonial prabhav bhi dikhai deta tha. Bhavan ke nirmaan mein moti eent aur choona (lime mortar) ka upyog kiya gaya tha, jo us daur ke nirmaan kala ka pramukh lakshan tha. Is bari mein bade-bade aangan (courtyards), unche khambe, arched darwaaze aur lambi verandah bani hui thi. Ee design garm aur nami wale mausam ke liye bahut upyogi tha, jisse hawa aur roshni aasani se andar ja sake. Andar ke hisson mein sadharan decorative kaam, cornices aur floral designs bhi dekhe jaate the. Jab 1919 mein ee bhavan school ke liye upyog mein laaya gaya, tab kai residential kamron ko classrooms mein badla gaya aur kuchh hisson ko office aur administrative kaam ke liye istemaal kiya gaya. Iske bawajood, mool zamindari structure ka kaafi hissa kaayam raha. == Vartamaan sthiti == Aaj Dhar Zamindar Bari poori tarah surakshit nahi hai. Bhavan ke kai hissa toot chuke hain, lekin ee poora dhvansh nahi hua hai. Abhi bhi ee jagah ek itihaasik nishaani ke roop mein khadi hai aur local log isko Dhar Zamindar Bari ya Damodar Badi ke naam se jaante hain.<ref>Panda, Chitta. [https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Decline_of_the_Bengal_Zamindars/Tu_sAAAAMAAJ?hl=en The Decline of the Bengal Zamindars: Midnapore], 1870-1920. India, Oxford University Press, 1996.</ref> == Sanskritik aur sthaniya mahatva == Ee zamindar bari Dhamrai ke logan ke liye bahut mahatvapurn hai. Ee jagah zamindari yug, shiksha ke itihaas aur Dhar parivaar ke yogdaan ke yaad dilaata hai. [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] ke shikshik yogdaan ke kaaran ee jagah aur bhi mahatvapurn ban jaata hai.<ref>Akhtar, S. (1973). [https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Role_of_the_Zamindars_in_Bengal_1707/JHd20AEACAAJ?hl=en The Role of the Zamindars in Bengal] (1707-1772).. (n.p.): University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies.</ref> == References == {{reflist}} {{Commonscat}} 63u4e4lmj8v4b10laklapevorroovto 0 67574 336239 332218 2026-06-25T09:01:30Z Prajiiit 40057 336239 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|name=Dar Raj|settlement_type=Zamindari Raj|image_flag=Flag of Dar Raj 1699-1801.png|flag_caption=Dar Raj ke jhanda|image_seal=Emblem (or seal) of Dar Raj دار راج.png|seal_caption=Dar Raj ke raj muhar|subdivision_type=Country (today)|subdivision_name=India, Bangladesh|established_title=Zamindari start|established_date=1699|extinct_title=Abolition of Zamindari System|extinct_date=1803|founder=Maharaja [[Virendra Mohan Dar]]|seat=[[Dar|Dar, Akhnoor]]<br> [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]<br> [[Dhar Rajbari]]|religion=Hinduisn|native_name=دار راج}}'''Dar Raj''' (Kashmiri: {{lang|ks|در راج}}), jiske '''Dhar Raj''' naam se bhi jaana jaawe hai, ek prabhavshali [[Jamidar|Zamidari]] rajya rahaa. Ii rajya lagbhag 1699 se 1803 tak ke samay me aaj ke [[Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu aur Kashmir]] aur [[Bangladesh]] ke kshetra me phailal rahaa.<ref>Akhtar, S. (1973). ''The Role of the Zamindars in Bengal (1707–1772)''. University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies.</ref> Dar Rajvansh ke asli sansthapak rahaa Hari Krishna Mohan Dar, ek [[Kashmiri Pandit]]. U [[Shrinagar]] (Jammu) se aake [[Akhnoor]] ke Dar kshetra me bas gaye aur Dar vansh ke aadhaar rakhe. Lekin unke potha [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] ke raj me hi Dar Raj ke jamidari sach me vikasit bhae. Ii karan se unke Dar Raj parivaar ke pitamah aur prabhavi sansthapak maana jaawe hai.<ref>South Asian Architectural Review (2011). ''Colonial-Era Zamindar Residences in Eastern Bengal''. Vol. 9(1), pp. 98-111.</ref> Hari Krishna ke aath bachcha rahaa, jisme [[Madhusudan Mohan Dar|Ramhari Mohan Dar]]—[[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra]] ke pita—rahle ek. Ramhari apne bhai Madhusudan ke maut ke baad uske putra ke godh le le—[[Vaqif Ali Khan Dar|Vakif Ali Khan Dar]] (janam 1752). Dar Rajvansh ke aupcharik parampara [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] se suru bhae.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/History_of_Muslim_Civilization_in_India/ciBuAAAAMAAJ|title=History of Muslim Civilization in India and Pakistan: A Political and Cultural History|last=Ikram|first=Sheikh Mohamad|date=1989|publisher=Institute of Islamic Culture|language=en|isbn=978-969-469-001-8}}</ref> [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra]] ke putra Raja Mukund Mohan Dar ke bahut bachcha rahaa. Unme se ek rahaa Rai Bahadur Hara Mohan Dhar, jo [[Middle Temple]] ke barrister rahaa. Hara Mohan Dhar ke bachcha me [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] rahaa—jo [[Mayurbhanj]] rajya ke purana [[Diwan]] aur nyayadhish rahaa—aur saath me Jyotindra Dhar, Sarla Dhar aur Kadambini Dhar rahin.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=EiYLAQAAIAAJ&q=mohini+Mohan+Dhar|title=Orissa District Gazetteers: Mayurbhanj|publisher=Superintendent, Orissa Government Press|date=1967|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Kalik%C4%81t%C4%81ra_itibr%CC%A5tta_o_any%C4%81nya_racan/N8ktAAAAIAAJ|title=Kalikātāra itibr̥tta o anyānya racanā|last=Datta|first=Prāṇakr̥shṇa|date=1991|publisher=Pustaka Bipaṇi|language=bn|isbn=978-81-85471-02-0}}</ref> [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] ke chaar bachcha me [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]]—ek barrister—aur Satyendra Mohan Dhar CIE, ICS rahaa, jo [[Bharatiya Civil Service]] ke adhikari rahaa. Dhirendra Mohan Dhar ke biyaah Amiya Bala se bhae, jo [[Peary Charan Sarkar|Piyari Charan Sarkar]] ke naatni aur [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola Raj parivaar]] ke vanshaj rahin. Unke do bachcha rahaa—[[Chittajit Mohan Dhar|Chittajit Dhar]] aur Pritilata Dhar.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/International_Guide_to_Art_Research_Mate/uL8YAAAAYAAJ|title=International Guide to Art Research Materials: Indian languages & literature|last=Sinha|first=Biswajit|last2=Choudhury|first2=Ashok Kumar|date=2001|publisher=Eastern Book Linkers|language=en|isbn=978-81-7854-007-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.266332|title=Kolikata - Darpan Parba 1|last=Mitra|first=Radharaman|date=1952}}</ref> [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] ke raj me Dar Raj ke jamidari [[Akhnoor]] ke Dar kshetra ke aadha se jyada bhumi me phailal rahaa. Saath hi aaj ke [[Bangladesh]] ke alag-alag kshetra me hajaaron acre zameen unke adhikar me rahaa—jisme [[Dhamrai]], [[Nannar]], [[Royail]], [[Sharifbagh]], [[Demra]], [[Ashulia]], Jalsin, Char Talibari aur Rajarajeshwar shaamil rahaa. Ii sab kshetra ke kuchh hissa aaj [[Paschim Bengal]] aur [[Bangladesh]] me sammilit baa.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Gharera_kath%C4%81_o_yugas%C4%81hitya/fqqwUYy7ThQC|title=Gharera kathā o yugasāhitya|last=Sen|first=Dinesh Chandra|date=1969|publisher=Jijñāsā|language=bn}}</ref> 1801 me [[Padma Nadi]] ke bhayankar bhangan se Rajarajeshwar ke Char Talibari me sthit Char Dar Rajbari chhor dewa paral. Uske baad [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] [[Dhamrai]] ke [[Nannar]] gaon me naya [[Dhar Zamindar Bari|Dar Rajbari]] banawale, je baad me Dar Rajvansh ke mukhya aawas aur prashasanik kendra rahal.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Dh%C4%81k%C4%81ra_itih%C4%81sa/I8tIAQAAMAAJ|title=Dhākāra itihāsa|last=Rāẏa|first=Yatīndramohana|date=1913|publisher=S.M. Rāẏa|language=bn}}</ref> == List of Rulers and Zamindars == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ List of Rulers and Zamindars of Dar Raj<ref name=":0" /> ! Serial No. ! Portrait ! Name ! Title ! Zamindari Period ! Dynastic Relationship ! Remarks |- | 1 | [[File:Kalighat Patachitra of Maharaja Virendra Mohan Dar.jpg|80px]] | [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra Mohan Dar]] | [[Raja|Maharaja]] | 1801–1829 | Founder of the Dar Raj dynasty's influence | His reign marks the beginning of the formal and cultural traditions of Dar Raj |- | 2 | [[File:Oil portrait of Raja Mukund Mohan Dar of Akhnoor and dhamrai.png|80px]] | [[Mukund Mohan Dar]] | [[Raja]] | 1829–1856 | Son of [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra Mohan Dar]] | Barrister of Lincoln's Inn; scholar of the Persian language |- | 3 | [[File:Sin foto.svg|80px]] | [[Har Mohan Dhar]] | Rai Bahadur | 1856–1898 | Son of Mukund Mohan Dar | Barrister of the Middle Temple |- | 4 | [[File:Mohini Mohan Dhar Locket.jpg|80px]] | [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] | [[Diwan]] and [[Judge]] | 1898–1920 | Son of Har Mohan Dhar | Former Diwan and Judge of the [[Mayurbhanj district|Mayurbhanj]] State |- |5 |[[File:Barrister-at-law from Grays Inn- Mathematician|80px]] |[[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] |Barrister and Mathematician |1921-1949 |Son of [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] |[[File:Barrister-at-law from Grays Inn- Mathematician|80px]] |- |6 |[[File:Chittajit Mohan Dhar, PhD.jpg|80px]] |[[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] |Former member of parliament and chemical industrialist |1949-1975 |Son of [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] |Former Member of Parliament and Chemical Industrialist |} == Tathyasrot == {{reflist}} 9kii8i1zxfgcs4dnx2ihqfz2un7dg4u 336241 336239 2026-06-25T09:02:52Z Prajiiit 40057 336241 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|name=Dar Raj|settlement_type=Zamindari Raj|image_flag=Flag of Dar Raj 1699-1801.png|flag_caption=Dar Raj ke jhanda|image_seal=Emblem (or seal) of Dar Raj دار راج.png|seal_caption=Dar Raj ke raj muhar|subdivision_type=Country (today)|subdivision_name=India, Bangladesh|established_title=Zamindari start|established_date=1699|extinct_title=Abolition of Zamindari System|extinct_date=1803|founder=Maharaja [[Virendra Mohan Dar]]|seat=[[Dar|Dar, Akhnoor]]<br> [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]<br> [[Dhar Rajbari]]|religion=Hinduisn|native_name=دار راج}}'''Dar Raj''' (Kashmiri: {{lang|ks|در راج}}), jiske '''Dhar Raj''' naam se bhi jaana jaawe hai, ek prabhavshali [[Jamidar|Zamidari]] rajya rahaa. Ii rajya lagbhag 1699 se 1803 tak ke samay me aaj ke [[Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu aur Kashmir]] aur [[Bangladesh]] ke kshetra me phailal rahaa.<ref>Akhtar, S. (1973). ''The Role of the Zamindars in Bengal (1707–1772)''. University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies.</ref> Dar Rajvansh ke asli sansthapak rahaa Hari Krishna Mohan Dar, ek [[Kashmiri Pandit]]. U [[Shrinagar]] (Jammu) se aake [[Akhnoor]] ke Dar kshetra me bas gaye aur Dar vansh ke aadhaar rakhe. Lekin unke potha [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] ke raj me hi Dar Raj ke jamidari sach me vikasit bhae. Ii karan se unke Dar Raj parivaar ke pitamah aur prabhavi sansthapak maana jaawe hai.<ref>South Asian Architectural Review (2011). ''Colonial-Era Zamindar Residences in Eastern Bengal''. Vol. 9(1), pp. 98-111.</ref> Hari Krishna ke aath bachcha rahaa, jisme [[Madhusudan Mohan Dar|Ramhari Mohan Dar]]—[[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra]] ke pita—rahle ek. Ramhari apne bhai Madhusudan ke maut ke baad uske putra ke godh le le—[[Vaqif Ali Khan Dar|Vakif Ali Khan Dar]] (janam 1752). Dar Rajvansh ke aupcharik parampara [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] se suru bhae.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/History_of_Muslim_Civilization_in_India/ciBuAAAAMAAJ|title=History of Muslim Civilization in India and Pakistan: A Political and Cultural History|last=Ikram|first=Sheikh Mohamad|date=1989|publisher=Institute of Islamic Culture|language=en|isbn=978-969-469-001-8}}</ref> [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra]] ke putra Raja Mukund Mohan Dar ke bahut bachcha rahaa. Unme se ek rahaa Rai Bahadur Hara Mohan Dhar, jo [[Middle Temple]] ke barrister rahaa. Hara Mohan Dhar ke bachcha me [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] rahaa—jo [[Mayurbhanj]] rajya ke purana [[Diwan]] aur nyayadhish rahaa—aur saath me Jyotindra Dhar, Sarla Dhar aur Kadambini Dhar rahin.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=EiYLAQAAIAAJ&q=mohini+Mohan+Dhar|title=Orissa District Gazetteers: Mayurbhanj|publisher=Superintendent, Orissa Government Press|date=1967|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Kalik%C4%81t%C4%81ra_itibr%CC%A5tta_o_any%C4%81nya_racan/N8ktAAAAIAAJ|title=Kalikātāra itibr̥tta o anyānya racanā|last=Datta|first=Prāṇakr̥shṇa|date=1991|publisher=Pustaka Bipaṇi|language=bn|isbn=978-81-85471-02-0}}</ref> [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] ke chaar bachcha me [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]]—ek barrister—aur Satyendra Mohan Dhar CIE, ICS rahaa, jo [[Bharatiya Civil Service]] ke adhikari rahaa. Dhirendra Mohan Dhar ke biyaah Amiya Bala se bhae, jo [[Peary Charan Sarkar|Piyari Charan Sarkar]] ke naatni aur [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola Raj parivaar]] ke vanshaj rahin. Unke do bachcha rahaa—[[Chittajit Mohan Dhar|Chittajit Dhar]] aur Pritilata Dhar.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/International_Guide_to_Art_Research_Mate/uL8YAAAAYAAJ|title=International Guide to Art Research Materials: Indian languages & literature|last=Sinha|first=Biswajit|last2=Choudhury|first2=Ashok Kumar|date=2001|publisher=Eastern Book Linkers|language=en|isbn=978-81-7854-007-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.266332|title=Kolikata - Darpan Parba 1|last=Mitra|first=Radharaman|date=1952}}</ref> [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] ke raj me Dar Raj ke jamidari [[Akhnoor]] ke Dar kshetra ke aadha se jyada bhumi me phailal rahaa. Saath hi aaj ke [[Bangladesh]] ke alag-alag kshetra me hajaaron acre zameen unke adhikar me rahaa—jisme [[Dhamrai]], [[Nannar]], [[Royail]], [[Sharifbagh]], [[Demra]], [[Ashulia]], Jalsin, Char Talibari aur Rajarajeshwar shaamil rahaa. Ii sab kshetra ke kuchh hissa aaj [[Paschim Bengal]] aur [[Bangladesh]] me sammilit baa.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Gharera_kath%C4%81_o_yugas%C4%81hitya/fqqwUYy7ThQC|title=Gharera kathā o yugasāhitya|last=Sen|first=Dinesh Chandra|date=1969|publisher=Jijñāsā|language=bn}}</ref> 1801 me [[Padma Nadi]] ke bhayankar bhangan se Rajarajeshwar ke Char Talibari me sthit Char Dar Rajbari chhor dewa paral. Uske baad [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] [[Dhamrai]] ke [[Nannar]] gaon me naya [[Dhar Zamindar Bari|Dar Rajbari]] banawale, je baad me Dar Rajvansh ke mukhya aawas aur prashasanik kendra rahal.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Dh%C4%81k%C4%81ra_itih%C4%81sa/I8tIAQAAMAAJ|title=Dhākāra itihāsa|last=Rāẏa|first=Yatīndramohana|date=1913|publisher=S.M. Rāẏa|language=bn}}</ref> == List of Rulers and Zamindars == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ List of Rulers and Zamindars of Dar Raj<ref name=":0" /> ! Serial No. ! Portrait ! Name ! Title ! Zamindari Period ! Dynastic Relationship ! Remarks |- | 1 | [[File:Kalighat Patachitra of Maharaja Virendra Mohan Dar.jpg|80px]] | [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra Mohan Dar]] | [[Raja|Maharaja]] | 1801–1829 | Founder of the Dar Raj dynasty's influence | His reign marks the beginning of the formal and cultural traditions of Dar Raj |- | 2 | [[File:Oil portrait of Raja Mukund Mohan Dar of Akhnoor and dhamrai.png|80px]] | [[Mukund Mohan Dar]] | [[Raja]] | 1829–1856 | Son of [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra Mohan Dar]] | Barrister of Lincoln's Inn; scholar of the Persian language |- | 3 | [[File:Sin foto.svg|80px]] | [[Har Mohan Dhar]] | Rai Bahadur | 1856–1898 | Son of Mukund Mohan Dar | Barrister of the Middle Temple |- | 4 | [[File:Mohini Mohan Dhar Locket.jpg|80px]] | [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] | [[Diwan]] and [[Judge]] | 1898–1920 | Son of Har Mohan Dhar | Former Diwan and Judge of the [[Mayurbhanj district|Mayurbhanj]] State |- |5 |[[Barrister Dhirendra Mohan Dhar.jpg|80px]] |[[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] |Barrister and Mathematician |1921-1949 |Son of [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] |Barrister-at-law from Grays Inn- Mathematician |- |6 |[[File:Chittajit Mohan Dhar, PhD.jpg|80px]] |[[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] |Former member of parliament and chemical industrialist |1949-1975 |Son of [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] |Former Member of Parliament and Chemical Industrialist |} == Tathyasrot == {{reflist}} jbgm9ainy6xbobcdv582bg27gub0711 336245 336241 2026-06-25T10:35:41Z ~2026-36663-84 40458 /* List of Rulers and Zamindars */ 336245 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|name=Dar Raj|settlement_type=Zamindari Raj|image_flag=Flag of Dar Raj 1699-1801.png|flag_caption=Dar Raj ke jhanda|image_seal=Emblem (or seal) of Dar Raj دار راج.png|seal_caption=Dar Raj ke raj muhar|subdivision_type=Country (today)|subdivision_name=India, Bangladesh|established_title=Zamindari start|established_date=1699|extinct_title=Abolition of Zamindari System|extinct_date=1803|founder=Maharaja [[Virendra Mohan Dar]]|seat=[[Dar|Dar, Akhnoor]]<br> [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]<br> [[Dhar Rajbari]]|religion=Hinduisn|native_name=دار راج}}'''Dar Raj''' (Kashmiri: {{lang|ks|در راج}}), jiske '''Dhar Raj''' naam se bhi jaana jaawe hai, ek prabhavshali [[Jamidar|Zamidari]] rajya rahaa. Ii rajya lagbhag 1699 se 1803 tak ke samay me aaj ke [[Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu aur Kashmir]] aur [[Bangladesh]] ke kshetra me phailal rahaa.<ref>Akhtar, S. (1973). ''The Role of the Zamindars in Bengal (1707–1772)''. University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies.</ref> Dar Rajvansh ke asli sansthapak rahaa Hari Krishna Mohan Dar, ek [[Kashmiri Pandit]]. U [[Shrinagar]] (Jammu) se aake [[Akhnoor]] ke Dar kshetra me bas gaye aur Dar vansh ke aadhaar rakhe. Lekin unke potha [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] ke raj me hi Dar Raj ke jamidari sach me vikasit bhae. Ii karan se unke Dar Raj parivaar ke pitamah aur prabhavi sansthapak maana jaawe hai.<ref>South Asian Architectural Review (2011). ''Colonial-Era Zamindar Residences in Eastern Bengal''. Vol. 9(1), pp. 98-111.</ref> Hari Krishna ke aath bachcha rahaa, jisme [[Madhusudan Mohan Dar|Ramhari Mohan Dar]]—[[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra]] ke pita—rahle ek. Ramhari apne bhai Madhusudan ke maut ke baad uske putra ke godh le le—[[Vaqif Ali Khan Dar|Vakif Ali Khan Dar]] (janam 1752). Dar Rajvansh ke aupcharik parampara [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] se suru bhae.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/History_of_Muslim_Civilization_in_India/ciBuAAAAMAAJ|title=History of Muslim Civilization in India and Pakistan: A Political and Cultural History|last=Ikram|first=Sheikh Mohamad|date=1989|publisher=Institute of Islamic Culture|language=en|isbn=978-969-469-001-8}}</ref> [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra]] ke putra Raja Mukund Mohan Dar ke bahut bachcha rahaa. Unme se ek rahaa Rai Bahadur Hara Mohan Dhar, jo [[Middle Temple]] ke barrister rahaa. Hara Mohan Dhar ke bachcha me [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] rahaa—jo [[Mayurbhanj]] rajya ke purana [[Diwan]] aur nyayadhish rahaa—aur saath me Jyotindra Dhar, Sarla Dhar aur Kadambini Dhar rahin.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=EiYLAQAAIAAJ&q=mohini+Mohan+Dhar|title=Orissa District Gazetteers: Mayurbhanj|publisher=Superintendent, Orissa Government Press|date=1967|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Kalik%C4%81t%C4%81ra_itibr%CC%A5tta_o_any%C4%81nya_racan/N8ktAAAAIAAJ|title=Kalikātāra itibr̥tta o anyānya racanā|last=Datta|first=Prāṇakr̥shṇa|date=1991|publisher=Pustaka Bipaṇi|language=bn|isbn=978-81-85471-02-0}}</ref> [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] ke chaar bachcha me [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]]—ek barrister—aur Satyendra Mohan Dhar CIE, ICS rahaa, jo [[Bharatiya Civil Service]] ke adhikari rahaa. Dhirendra Mohan Dhar ke biyaah Amiya Bala se bhae, jo [[Peary Charan Sarkar|Piyari Charan Sarkar]] ke naatni aur [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola Raj parivaar]] ke vanshaj rahin. Unke do bachcha rahaa—[[Chittajit Mohan Dhar|Chittajit Dhar]] aur Pritilata Dhar.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/International_Guide_to_Art_Research_Mate/uL8YAAAAYAAJ|title=International Guide to Art Research Materials: Indian languages & literature|last=Sinha|first=Biswajit|last2=Choudhury|first2=Ashok Kumar|date=2001|publisher=Eastern Book Linkers|language=en|isbn=978-81-7854-007-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.266332|title=Kolikata - Darpan Parba 1|last=Mitra|first=Radharaman|date=1952}}</ref> [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] ke raj me Dar Raj ke jamidari [[Akhnoor]] ke Dar kshetra ke aadha se jyada bhumi me phailal rahaa. Saath hi aaj ke [[Bangladesh]] ke alag-alag kshetra me hajaaron acre zameen unke adhikar me rahaa—jisme [[Dhamrai]], [[Nannar]], [[Royail]], [[Sharifbagh]], [[Demra]], [[Ashulia]], Jalsin, Char Talibari aur Rajarajeshwar shaamil rahaa. Ii sab kshetra ke kuchh hissa aaj [[Paschim Bengal]] aur [[Bangladesh]] me sammilit baa.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Gharera_kath%C4%81_o_yugas%C4%81hitya/fqqwUYy7ThQC|title=Gharera kathā o yugasāhitya|last=Sen|first=Dinesh Chandra|date=1969|publisher=Jijñāsā|language=bn}}</ref> 1801 me [[Padma Nadi]] ke bhayankar bhangan se Rajarajeshwar ke Char Talibari me sthit Char Dar Rajbari chhor dewa paral. Uske baad [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] [[Dhamrai]] ke [[Nannar]] gaon me naya [[Dhar Zamindar Bari|Dar Rajbari]] banawale, je baad me Dar Rajvansh ke mukhya aawas aur prashasanik kendra rahal.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Dh%C4%81k%C4%81ra_itih%C4%81sa/I8tIAQAAMAAJ|title=Dhākāra itihāsa|last=Rāẏa|first=Yatīndramohana|date=1913|publisher=S.M. Rāẏa|language=bn}}</ref> == List of Rulers and Zamindars == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ List of Rulers and Zamindars of Dar Raj<ref>[https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Mah%C4%81r%C4%81ja_V%C4%ABrendra_Mohan_D%C4%81r_of_Akhn.html?id=eUy3EQAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y Mahārāja Vīrendra Mohan Dār of Akhnūr] by Ramesh Chandra Mukherjee 21 July 1987</ref> ! Serial No. ! Portrait ! Name ! Title ! Zamindari Period ! Dynastic Relationship ! Remarks |- | 1 | [[File:Kalighat Patachitra of Maharaja Virendra Mohan Dar.jpg|80px]] | [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra Mohan Dar]] | [[Raja|Maharaja]] | 1801–1829 | Founder of the Dar Raj dynasty's influence | His reign marks the beginning of the formal and cultural traditions of Dar Raj |- | 2 | [[File:Oil portrait of Raja Mukund Mohan Dar of Akhnoor and dhamrai.png|80px]] | [[Mukund Mohan Dar]] | [[Raja]] | 1829–1856 | Son of [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra Mohan Dar]] | Barrister of Lincoln's Inn; scholar of the Persian language |- | 3 | [[File:Sin foto.svg|80px]] | [[Har Mohan Dhar]] | Rai Bahadur | 1856–1898 | Son of Mukund Mohan Dar | Barrister of the Middle Temple |- | 4 | [[File:Mohini Mohan Dhar Locket.jpg|80px]] | [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] | [[Diwan]] and [[Judge]] | 1898–1920 | Son of Har Mohan Dhar | Former Diwan and Judge of the [[Mayurbhanj district|Mayurbhanj]] State |- |5 |[[Barrister Dhirendra Mohan Dhar.jpg|80px]] |[[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] |Barrister and Mathematician |1921-1949 |Son of [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] |Barrister-at-law from Grays Inn- Mathematician |- |6 |[[File:Chittajit Mohan Dhar, PhD.jpg|80px]] |[[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] |Former member of parliament and chemical industrialist |1949-1975 |Son of [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] |Former Member of Parliament and Chemical Industrialist |} == Tathyasrot == {{reflist}} n9q5l3x5gcg68vg5kvk02u9avublphl 336246 336245 2026-06-25T10:37:41Z ~2026-36663-84 40458 /* List of Rulers and Zamindars */ updated 336246 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|name=Dar Raj|settlement_type=Zamindari Raj|image_flag=Flag of Dar Raj 1699-1801.png|flag_caption=Dar Raj ke jhanda|image_seal=Emblem (or seal) of Dar Raj دار راج.png|seal_caption=Dar Raj ke raj muhar|subdivision_type=Country (today)|subdivision_name=India, Bangladesh|established_title=Zamindari start|established_date=1699|extinct_title=Abolition of Zamindari System|extinct_date=1803|founder=Maharaja [[Virendra Mohan Dar]]|seat=[[Dar|Dar, Akhnoor]]<br> [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]<br> [[Dhar Rajbari]]|religion=Hinduisn|native_name=دار راج}}'''Dar Raj''' (Kashmiri: {{lang|ks|در راج}}), jiske '''Dhar Raj''' naam se bhi jaana jaawe hai, ek prabhavshali [[Jamidar|Zamidari]] rajya rahaa. Ii rajya lagbhag 1699 se 1803 tak ke samay me aaj ke [[Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu aur Kashmir]] aur [[Bangladesh]] ke kshetra me phailal rahaa.<ref>Akhtar, S. (1973). ''The Role of the Zamindars in Bengal (1707–1772)''. University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies.</ref> Dar Rajvansh ke asli sansthapak rahaa Hari Krishna Mohan Dar, ek [[Kashmiri Pandit]]. U [[Shrinagar]] (Jammu) se aake [[Akhnoor]] ke Dar kshetra me bas gaye aur Dar vansh ke aadhaar rakhe. Lekin unke potha [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] ke raj me hi Dar Raj ke jamidari sach me vikasit bhae. Ii karan se unke Dar Raj parivaar ke pitamah aur prabhavi sansthapak maana jaawe hai.<ref>South Asian Architectural Review (2011). ''Colonial-Era Zamindar Residences in Eastern Bengal''. Vol. 9(1), pp. 98-111.</ref> Hari Krishna ke aath bachcha rahaa, jisme [[Madhusudan Mohan Dar|Ramhari Mohan Dar]]—[[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra]] ke pita—rahle ek. Ramhari apne bhai Madhusudan ke maut ke baad uske putra ke godh le le—[[Vaqif Ali Khan Dar|Vakif Ali Khan Dar]] (janam 1752). Dar Rajvansh ke aupcharik parampara [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] se suru bhae.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/History_of_Muslim_Civilization_in_India/ciBuAAAAMAAJ|title=History of Muslim Civilization in India and Pakistan: A Political and Cultural History|last=Ikram|first=Sheikh Mohamad|date=1989|publisher=Institute of Islamic Culture|language=en|isbn=978-969-469-001-8}}</ref> [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra]] ke putra Raja Mukund Mohan Dar ke bahut bachcha rahaa. Unme se ek rahaa Rai Bahadur Hara Mohan Dhar, jo [[Middle Temple]] ke barrister rahaa. Hara Mohan Dhar ke bachcha me [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] rahaa—jo [[Mayurbhanj]] rajya ke purana [[Diwan]] aur nyayadhish rahaa—aur saath me Jyotindra Dhar, Sarla Dhar aur Kadambini Dhar rahin.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=EiYLAQAAIAAJ&q=mohini+Mohan+Dhar|title=Orissa District Gazetteers: Mayurbhanj|publisher=Superintendent, Orissa Government Press|date=1967|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Kalik%C4%81t%C4%81ra_itibr%CC%A5tta_o_any%C4%81nya_racan/N8ktAAAAIAAJ|title=Kalikātāra itibr̥tta o anyānya racanā|last=Datta|first=Prāṇakr̥shṇa|date=1991|publisher=Pustaka Bipaṇi|language=bn|isbn=978-81-85471-02-0}}</ref> [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] ke chaar bachcha me [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]]—ek barrister—aur Satyendra Mohan Dhar CIE, ICS rahaa, jo [[Bharatiya Civil Service]] ke adhikari rahaa. Dhirendra Mohan Dhar ke biyaah Amiya Bala se bhae, jo [[Peary Charan Sarkar|Piyari Charan Sarkar]] ke naatni aur [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola Raj parivaar]] ke vanshaj rahin. Unke do bachcha rahaa—[[Chittajit Mohan Dhar|Chittajit Dhar]] aur Pritilata Dhar.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/International_Guide_to_Art_Research_Mate/uL8YAAAAYAAJ|title=International Guide to Art Research Materials: Indian languages & literature|last=Sinha|first=Biswajit|last2=Choudhury|first2=Ashok Kumar|date=2001|publisher=Eastern Book Linkers|language=en|isbn=978-81-7854-007-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.266332|title=Kolikata - Darpan Parba 1|last=Mitra|first=Radharaman|date=1952}}</ref> [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] ke raj me Dar Raj ke jamidari [[Akhnoor]] ke Dar kshetra ke aadha se jyada bhumi me phailal rahaa. Saath hi aaj ke [[Bangladesh]] ke alag-alag kshetra me hajaaron acre zameen unke adhikar me rahaa—jisme [[Dhamrai]], [[Nannar]], [[Royail]], [[Sharifbagh]], [[Demra]], [[Ashulia]], Jalsin, Char Talibari aur Rajarajeshwar shaamil rahaa. Ii sab kshetra ke kuchh hissa aaj [[Paschim Bengal]] aur [[Bangladesh]] me sammilit baa.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Gharera_kath%C4%81_o_yugas%C4%81hitya/fqqwUYy7ThQC|title=Gharera kathā o yugasāhitya|last=Sen|first=Dinesh Chandra|date=1969|publisher=Jijñāsā|language=bn}}</ref> 1801 me [[Padma Nadi]] ke bhayankar bhangan se Rajarajeshwar ke Char Talibari me sthit Char Dar Rajbari chhor dewa paral. Uske baad [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Birendra Mohan Dar]] [[Dhamrai]] ke [[Nannar]] gaon me naya [[Dhar Zamindar Bari|Dar Rajbari]] banawale, je baad me Dar Rajvansh ke mukhya aawas aur prashasanik kendra rahal.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Dh%C4%81k%C4%81ra_itih%C4%81sa/I8tIAQAAMAAJ|title=Dhākāra itihāsa|last=Rāẏa|first=Yatīndramohana|date=1913|publisher=S.M. Rāẏa|language=bn}}</ref> == List of Rulers and Zamindars == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ List of Rulers and Zamindars of Dar Raj<ref>[https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Mah%C4%81r%C4%81ja_V%C4%ABrendra_Mohan_D%C4%81r_of_Akhn.html?id=eUy3EQAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y Mahārāja Vīrendra Mohan Dār of Akhnūr] by Ramesh Chandra Mukherjee 21 July 1987</ref> ! Serial No. ! Portrait ! Name ! Title ! Zamindari Period ! Dynastic Relationship ! Remarks |- | 1 | [[File:Kalighat Patachitra of Maharaja Virendra Mohan Dar.jpg|80px]] | [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra Mohan Dar]] | [[Raja|Maharaja]] | 1801–1829 | Founder of the Dar Raj dynasty's influence | His reign marks the beginning of the formal and cultural traditions of Dar Raj |- | 2 | [[File:Oil portrait of Raja Mukund Mohan Dar of Akhnoor and dhamrai.png|80px]] | [[Mukund Mohan Dar]] | [[Raja]] | 1829–1856 | Son of [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra Mohan Dar]] | Barrister of Lincoln's Inn; scholar of the Persian language |- | 3 | [[File:Sin foto.svg|80px]] | [[Har Mohan Dhar]] | Rai Bahadur | 1856–1898 | Son of Mukund Mohan Dar | Barrister of the Middle Temple |- | 4 | [[File:Mohini Mohan Dhar Locket.jpg|80px]] | [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] | [[Diwan]] and [[Judge]] | 1898–1920 | Son of Har Mohan Dhar | Former Diwan and Judge of the [[Mayurbhanj district|Mayurbhanj]] State |- |5 |[[File:Sin foto.svg|80px]] |[[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] |Barrister and Mathematician |1921-1949 |Son of [[Mohini Mohan Dhar]] |Barrister-at-law from Grays Inn- Mathematician |- |6 |[[File:Chittajit Mohan Dhar, PhD.jpg|80px]] |[[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] |Former member of parliament and chemical industrialist |1949-1975 |Son of [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] |Former Member of Parliament and Chemical Industrialist |} == Tathyasrot == {{reflist}} jh56g8tse00hspfhm4fjao8a9ktd6t5 3 67685 336234 331504 2026-06-24T17:10:30Z Rachmat04 10903 Rachmat04 moved panna [[sadasya ke baat:Villads Hvid Bach]] se [[sadasya ke baat:Villads B.]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Villads Hvid Bach|Villads Hvid Bach]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Villads B.|Villads B.]]" 331504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=Villads Hvid Bach}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 17:21, 24 Janwari 2026 (UTC) omhit2ijva0tybtshy0ozwtrant94qg 3 69155 336235 2026-06-24T17:10:30Z Rachmat04 10903 Rachmat04 moved panna [[sadasya ke baat:Villads Hvid Bach]] se [[sadasya ke baat:Villads B.]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Villads Hvid Bach|Villads Hvid Bach]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Villads B.|Villads B.]]" 336235 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[sadasya ke baat:Villads B.]] mdtlkb5jj4652ne3vupe5uj7hmy5xzb 3 69156 336240 2026-06-25T09:01:32Z New user message 12502 Adding [[Template:Welcome|welcome message]] to new user's talk page 336240 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=Prajiiit}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 09:01, 25 Juun 2026 (UTC) tul1ugxcwj1k16xnjpkky9036shdsao 0 69157 336242 2026-06-25T09:57:56Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "'''Stephen Edwin King''' (janam [[21 September]] [[1947]]) ek [[America]]n lekhak rahaa. Uske "'''King of Horror'''" bola jaawe hae,<ref name="te" >{{cite news|author1=K.S.C.|title=Why Stephen King's novels still resonate|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2017/09/subverting-american-dream|access-date=September 9, 2017|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=September 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909015350/https://www.econ..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 336242 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stephen Edwin King''' (janam [[21 September]] [[1947]]) ek [[America]]n lekhak rahaa. Uske "'''King of Horror'''" bola jaawe hae,<ref name="te" >{{cite news|author1=K.S.C.|title=Why Stephen King's novels still resonate|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2017/09/subverting-american-dream|access-date=September 9, 2017|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=September 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909015350/https://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2017/09/subverting-american-dream|archive-date=September 9, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> aur uske jaada kar ke uske [[horror fiction]] ke khaatir jaana jaawe hae aur uu duusra genre bhi explore karis hae, jisme [[Thriller (genre)|suspense]], [[crime fiction|crime]], [[Science fiction|science-fiction]], [[fantasy]], aur [[mystery fiction|mystery]] hae.<ref>{{cite news| last=Breznican| first=Anthony| date=September 3, 2019| title=Life Is Imitating Stephen King's Art, and That Scares Him|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/03/books/stephen-king-interview-the-institute.html | work=[[The New York Times]]| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903151422/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/03/books/stephen-king-interview-the-institute.html| archive-date=September 3, 2019}}</ref> Uu lagbhag 200 chhotaa khissa likhis hae, jisme se jaada ke collections me publich karaa gais hae.<ref name="Thrillist">{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Dan |date=February 18, 2016 |title=A Beginner's Guide to Stephen King Books |url=https://www.thrillist.com/entertainment/nation/stephen-king-books-a-beginners-guide |access-date=January 5, 2026 |website=Thrillist |language=en}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} [[Vibhag:K]] [[Vibhag:United States ke lekhak]] lyv3lqma9bbp9ly51peex8h2c0izz9c 336252 336242 2026-06-25T10:57:15Z Sampaadak 1104 336252 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stephen Edwin King''' (janam [[21 September]] [[1947]]) ek [[America]]n lekhak rahaa. Uske "'''King of Horror'''" bola jaawe hae,<ref name="te" >{{cite news|author1=K.S.C.|title=Why Stephen King's novels still resonate|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2017/09/subverting-american-dream|access-date=September 9, 2017|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=September 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909015350/https://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2017/09/subverting-american-dream|archive-date=September 9, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> aur uske jaada kar ke uske [[horror fiction]] ke khaatir jaana jaawe hae aur uu duusra genre bhi explore karis hae, jisme [[Thriller (genre)|suspense]], [[crime fiction|crime]], [[Science fiction|science-fiction]], [[fantasy]], aur [[mystery fiction|mystery]] hae.<ref>{{cite news| last=Breznican| first=Anthony| date=September 3, 2019| title=Life Is Imitating Stephen King's Art, and That Scares Him|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/03/books/stephen-king-interview-the-institute.html | work=[[The New York Times]]| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903151422/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/03/books/stephen-king-interview-the-institute.html| archive-date=September 3, 2019}}</ref> Uu lagbhag 200 chhotaa khissa likhis hae, jisme se jaada ke collections me publich karaa gais hae.<ref name="Thrillist">{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Dan |date=February 18, 2016 |title=A Beginner's Guide to Stephen King Books |url=https://www.thrillist.com/entertainment/nation/stephen-king-books-a-beginners-guide |access-date=January 5, 2026 |website=Thrillist |language=en}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{BD|1947||King, Stephen}} [[Vibhag:K]] [[Vibhag:United States ke lekhak]] h1qjytobstxu43kvwhmrwlz2gq5gxbw 0 69158 336243 2026-06-25T10:22:08Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "{{Infobox writer | name = Ursula K. Le Guin | image = Ursula Le Guin (3551195631) - Restoration.jpg | caption = Le Guin in 1995 | birth_name = Ursula Kroeber | birth_date = {{birth date|1929|10|21|mf=y}} | birth_place = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], California, US | death_date = {{death date and age|2018|1|22|1929|10|21|mf=y}} | death_place = [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], Oregon, US |..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 336243 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer | name = Ursula K. Le Guin | image = Ursula Le Guin (3551195631) - Restoration.jpg | caption = Le Guin in 1995 | birth_name = Ursula Kroeber | birth_date = {{birth date|1929|10|21|mf=y}} | birth_place = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], California, US | death_date = {{death date and age|2018|1|22|1929|10|21|mf=y}} | death_place = [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], Oregon, US | period = {{circa|1959}}–2018 | occupation = Author | education = {{ubl|[[Radcliffe College]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])|[[Columbia University]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]])}} | spouse = {{marriage|[[Charles Le Guin]]|December 1953}} | children = 3 | parents = {{ubl | [[Alfred Kroeber]] | [[Theodora Kroeber]]}} | relatives = [[Karl Kroeber]] (brother) | genre = {{cslist|[[Science fiction]]|[[fantasy]]|[[realistic fiction]]|[[literary criticism]]|[[poetry]]|[[essay]]}} | notableworks = {{ubl|''[[Earthsea]]'' (1964–2018)|''[[The Left Hand of Darkness]]'' (1969)|''[[The Dispossessed]]'' (1974)}} | website = {{official URL}} }} '''Ursula Kroeber Le Guin''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|r|oʊ|b|ər|_|l|ə|_|ˈ|ɡ|w|ɪ|n}} {{respell|KROH|bər|_|lə|_|GWIN}};<ref>{{Cite web |last=Le Guin |first=Ursula |title=How to Pronounce Me |url=http://www.ursulakleguin.com/Note-HowToPronounceMe.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140306133634/http://www.ursulakleguin.com/Note-HowToPronounceMe.html |archive-date=March 6, 2014 |access-date=March 22, 2014}}</ref> {{née}} '''Kroeber'''; [[21 October]] [[1929]] – [[22 January]] [[2018]]) ek [[America]]n lekhak rahii. Uske jaada kar ke uske kaam [[speculative fiction]], jisme [[science fiction]] hae jon [[Hainish universe]] me set hae, aur ''[[Earthsea]]'' [[fantasy]] series ke khaatir jaana jaawe hae. Uske kaam ke pahila dafe 1959 me publish karaa gais rahaa, aur uske literary career sixty saal ke rahaa, jon time uu twenty novels aur more than a hundred short stories likhis rahaa, kavita ke saathe, [[literary criticism]], translations, aur larrkan ke book. Uske jaada kar ke science fiction ke lekhak maana jaawe hae , Le Guin ke ek "major voice in American Letters" bhi bola gais hae.{{sfn|White|1999|pp=1–2}} Le Guin is batais hae ki uu prefer kare ki uske ek "American novelist" maana jaawe.<ref name="Phillips 2012">{{Cite news |last=Phillips |first=Julie |author-link=Julie Phillips |date=December 2012 |title=Ursula K. Le Guin, American Novelist |work=Bookslut |url=http://www.bookslut.com/features/2012_12_019664.php |url-status=live |access-date=September 13, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170120151556/http://www.bookslut.com/features/2012_12_019664.php |archive-date=January 20, 2017}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} [[Vibhag:G]] [[Vibhag:United States ke lekhak]] n89b6uign8u3s6w39zafjhendy1acz0 336251 336243 2026-06-25T10:55:13Z Sampaadak 1104 336251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer | name = Ursula K. Le Guin | image = Ursula Le Guin (3551195631) - Restoration.jpg | caption = Le Guin in 1995 | birth_name = Ursula Kroeber | birth_date = {{birth date|1929|10|21|mf=y}} | birth_place = [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], California, US | death_date = {{death date and age|2018|1|22|1929|10|21|mf=y}} | death_place = [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], Oregon, US | period = {{circa|1959}}–2018 | occupation = Author | education = {{ubl|[[Radcliffe College]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])|[[Columbia University]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]])}} | spouse = {{marriage|[[Charles Le Guin]]|December 1953}} | children = 3 | parents = {{ubl | [[Alfred Kroeber]] | [[Theodora Kroeber]]}} | relatives = [[Karl Kroeber]] (brother) | genre = {{cslist|[[Science fiction]]|[[fantasy]]|[[realistic fiction]]|[[literary criticism]]|[[poetry]]|[[essay]]}} | notableworks = {{ubl|''[[Earthsea]]'' (1964–2018)|''[[The Left Hand of Darkness]]'' (1969)|''[[The Dispossessed]]'' (1974)}} | website = {{official URL}} }} '''Ursula Kroeber Le Guin''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|r|oʊ|b|ər|_|l|ə|_|ˈ|ɡ|w|ɪ|n}} {{respell|KROH|bər|_|lə|_|GWIN}};<ref>{{Cite web |last=Le Guin |first=Ursula |title=How to Pronounce Me |url=http://www.ursulakleguin.com/Note-HowToPronounceMe.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140306133634/http://www.ursulakleguin.com/Note-HowToPronounceMe.html |archive-date=March 6, 2014 |access-date=March 22, 2014}}</ref> {{née}} '''Kroeber'''; [[21 October]] [[1929]] – [[22 January]] [[2018]]) ek [[America]]n lekhak rahii. Uske jaada kar ke uske kaam [[speculative fiction]], jisme [[science fiction]] hae jon [[Hainish universe]] me set hae, aur ''[[Earthsea]]'' [[fantasy]] series ke khaatir jaana jaawe hae. Uske kaam ke pahila dafe 1959 me publish karaa gais rahaa, aur uske literary career sixty saal ke rahaa, jon time uu twenty novels aur more than a hundred short stories likhis rahaa, kavita ke saathe, [[literary criticism]], translations, aur larrkan ke book. Uske jaada kar ke science fiction ke lekhak maana jaawe hae , Le Guin ke ek "major voice in American Letters" bhi bola gais hae.{{sfn|White|1999|pp=1–2}} Le Guin is batais hae ki uu prefer kare ki uske ek "American novelist" maana jaawe.<ref name="Phillips 2012">{{Cite news |last=Phillips |first=Julie |author-link=Julie Phillips |date=December 2012 |title=Ursula K. Le Guin, American Novelist |work=Bookslut |url=http://www.bookslut.com/features/2012_12_019664.php |url-status=live |access-date=September 13, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170120151556/http://www.bookslut.com/features/2012_12_019664.php |archive-date=January 20, 2017}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{BD|1929|2018|Le Guin, Ursula}} [[Vibhag:G]] [[Vibhag:United States ke lekhak]] sgl671v9krnqni261amt13dy5w9wgvu 10 69159 336244 2026-06-25T10:23:00Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "<span title="Name at birth">[[Birth name#Maiden and married names|née]]{{#if:{{{1|}}}|&nbsp;{{trim|{{{1|}}}}}}}</span><noinclude> {{documentation}}" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 336244 wikitext text/x-wiki <span title="Name at birth">[[Birth name#Maiden and married names|née]]{{#if:{{{1|}}}|&nbsp;{{trim|{{{1|}}}}}}}</span><noinclude> {{documentation}} lp26hbgghpbdnd7liq4nk3xd8nhriof 3 69160 336247 2026-06-25T10:39:34Z New user message 12502 Adding [[Template:Welcome|welcome message]] to new user's talk page 336247 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=Tmkoc8975}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 10:39, 25 Juun 2026 (UTC) dewd4zljj8td2kfdakhzrrupmzhhmn5 0 69161 336248 2026-06-25T10:52:31Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "{{Infobox writer | name = Sinclair Lewis | image = Sinclair Lewis 1930.jpg | caption = Lewis in 1930 | birth_name = Harry Sinclair Lewis | birth_date = {{Birth date|1885|2|7|mf=y}} | birth_place = [[Sauk Centre, Minnesota]], U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|1951|1|10|1885|2|7|mf=y}} | death_place = [[Rome]], Italy | occupation = {{cslist|Novelist|short-story writer|playwright}} | education = Yale University..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 336248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer | name = Sinclair Lewis | image = Sinclair Lewis 1930.jpg | caption = Lewis in 1930 | birth_name = Harry Sinclair Lewis | birth_date = {{Birth date|1885|2|7|mf=y}} | birth_place = [[Sauk Centre, Minnesota]], U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|1951|1|10|1885|2|7|mf=y}} | death_place = [[Rome]], Italy | occupation = {{cslist|Novelist|short-story writer|playwright}} | education = [[Yale University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) | notableworks = {{ubl|''[[Main Street (novel)|Main Street]]'' (1920)|''[[Babbitt (novel)|Babbitt]]'' (1922)|''[[Arrowsmith (novel)|Arrowsmith]]'' (1925)|''[[Elmer Gantry]]'' (1927)|''[[Dodsworth (novel)|Dodsworth]]'' (1929)|''[[It Can't Happen Here]]'' (1935)}} | awards = [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] (1930) | spouse = {{ubl|{{marriage|Grace Livingston Hegger|1914|1928|end=div}}|{{marriage|[[Dorothy Thompson]]|1928|1942|end=div}}}} | children = 2 | signature = Sinclair Lewis signature.svg }} '''Harry Sinclair Lewis''' ([[7 February]] [[1885]] – [[10 January]] [[1951]]) ek [[America]]n lekhak, chhotaa khissa ke lekhe waala, aur playwright rahaa. 1930 me uu United States ke pahila lekhak banaa jiske [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] milaa rahaa, jon uske "for his vigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters." Lewis wrote six popular novels: ''[[Main Street (novel)|Main Street]]'' (1920), ''[[Babbitt (novel)|Babbitt]]'' (1922), ''[[Arrowsmith (novel)|Arrowsmith]]'' (1925), ''[[Elmer Gantry]]'' (1927), ''[[Dodsworth (novel)|Dodsworth]]'' (1929), aur ''[[It Can't Happen Here]]'' (1935) ke khaatir dew gais rahaa. Uske dher khaas kaam American [[capitalism]] aur [[economic materialism|materialism]] kee [[interwar period]] me, ke ninda karis rahaa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/people/sinclair-lewis-9381356|title=Sinclair Lewis|website=Biography.com|access-date=October 13, 2017|archive-date=February 4, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204062744/http://www.biography.com/people/sinclair-lewis-9381356|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lewis ke uske aadhmik kaam kare waala aurat ke strong characterizations ke khaatir aadar karaa jaawe hae. [[H. L. Mencken]] uske baare me likhis hae, "[If] there was ever a novelist among us with an authentic call to the trade ... it is this red-haired tornado from the Minnesota wilds."<ref>Bode, Carl (1969) ''Mencken''. Carbondale, Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press. p. 166.</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} [[Vibhag:L]] [[Vibhag:United States ke lekhak]] rzo81kvc9peq1spm65euct7puosmpz9 336249 336248 2026-06-25T10:53:26Z Sampaadak 1104 336249 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer | name = Sinclair Lewis | image = Sinclair Lewis 1930.jpg | caption = Lewis in 1930 | birth_name = Harry Sinclair Lewis | birth_date = {{Birth date|1885|2|7|mf=y}} | birth_place = [[Sauk Centre, Minnesota]], U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|1951|1|10|1885|2|7|mf=y}} | death_place = [[Rome]], Italy | occupation = {{cslist|Novelist|short-story writer|playwright}} | education = [[Yale University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) | notableworks = {{ubl|''[[Main Street (novel)|Main Street]]'' (1920)|''[[Babbitt (novel)|Babbitt]]'' (1922)|''[[Arrowsmith (novel)|Arrowsmith]]'' (1925)|''[[Elmer Gantry]]'' (1927)|''[[Dodsworth (novel)|Dodsworth]]'' (1929)|''[[It Can't Happen Here]]'' (1935)}} | awards = [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] (1930) | spouse = {{ubl|{{marriage|Grace Livingston Hegger|1914|1928|end=div}}|{{marriage|[[Dorothy Thompson]]|1928|1942|end=div}}}} | children = 2 | signature = Sinclair Lewis signature.svg }} '''Harry Sinclair Lewis''' ([[7 February]] [[1885]] – [[10 January]] [[1951]]) ek [[America]]n lekhak, chhotaa khissa ke lekhe waala, aur playwright rahaa. 1930 me uu United States ke pahila lekhak banaa jiske [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] milaa rahaa, jon uske "for his vigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters." Lewis wrote six popular novels: ''[[Main Street (novel)|Main Street]]'' (1920), ''[[Babbitt (novel)|Babbitt]]'' (1922), ''[[Arrowsmith (novel)|Arrowsmith]]'' (1925), ''[[Elmer Gantry]]'' (1927), ''[[Dodsworth (novel)|Dodsworth]]'' (1929), aur ''[[It Can't Happen Here]]'' (1935) ke khaatir dew gais rahaa. Uske dher khaas kaam American [[capitalism]] aur [[economic materialism|materialism]] kee [[interwar period]] me, ke ninda karis rahaa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/people/sinclair-lewis-9381356|title=Sinclair Lewis|website=Biography.com|access-date=October 13, 2017|archive-date=February 4, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204062744/http://www.biography.com/people/sinclair-lewis-9381356|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lewis ke uske aadhmik kaam kare waala aurat ke strong characterizations ke khaatir aadar karaa jaawe hae. [[H. L. Mencken]] uske baare me likhis hae, "[If] there was ever a novelist among us with an authentic call to the trade ... it is this red-haired tornado from the Minnesota wilds."<ref>Bode, Carl (1969) ''Mencken''. Carbondale, Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press. p. 166.</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{BD|1885|1951|Lewis, Sinclair}} [[Vibhag:L]] [[Vibhag:United States ke lekhak]] 8985t9nsg8u4476ckn7af1a54q4jdrp 14 69162 336250 2026-06-25T10:54:00Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "[[Vibhag:1885]] [[Vibhag:Janam]]" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 336250 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Vibhag:1885]] [[Vibhag:Janam]] t5boavyh48rz6d3avjd06cplytw0tgh 0 69163 336254 2026-06-25T11:19:51Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "{{Infobox award | name = Nobel Prize in Literature | image = | caption = | awarded_for = Outstanding contributions in literature | presenter = [[Swedish Academy]] | holder = [[László Krasznahorkai]] (2025) | location = [[Stockholm]], Sweden | year = {{Start date and age|1901}} | reward = 11 million [[Swedish Krona|SEK]] (2023)<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize amounts|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/about/the-nobel-prize-amounts/|publish..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 336254 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox award | name = Nobel Prize in Literature | image = | caption = | awarded_for = Outstanding contributions in literature | presenter = [[Swedish Academy]] | holder = [[László Krasznahorkai]] (2025) | location = [[Stockholm]], Sweden | year = {{Start date and age|1901}} | reward = 11 million [[Swedish Krona|SEK]] (2023)<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize amounts|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/about/the-nobel-prize-amounts/|publisher=[[The Nobel Foundation]]|access-date=6 October 2022|archive-date=20 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720111123/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/amounts/|url-status=live}}</ref> | website = {{URL|https://nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/|nobelprize.org/literature}} | holder_label = Most recent recipient | previous = [[2024 Nobel Prize in Literature|2024]] | main = [[2025 Nobel Prize in Literature|2025]] | next = [[2026 Nobel Prize in Literature|2026]] }} '''Nobel Prize in Literature''', hian pe iske matlab ''for'' Literature hae, ek [[Sweden|Swedish]] literature prize hae jiske har saal dewa jaawe hae ek lekhak jon koi bhi des ke hoe sake hae, jon [[Alfred Nobel]] ke sabd me, "in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction".<ref name="nobelorglit">{{cite web |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobels-testamente/ |title=Alfred Nobel will |date=15 December 2017 |access-date=20 January 2021 |publisher=Nobel Foundation |archive-date=20 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520060539/http://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobels-testamente/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="swedishref">{{cite news | author=John Sutherland | title=Ink and Spit | work=Guardian Unlimited Books | url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/oct/13/featuresreviews.guardianreview31 | date=13 October 2007 | access-date=13 October 2007 | archive-date=11 November 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111074241/http://books.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,,2189673,00.html | url-status=live }}</ref> Jab ki individual kaam ke kabhi-kabhi khaas maana jaawe hae, the award is based on an author's body of work as a whole. [[Swedish Academy]] decide kare hae ki kiske ii prize dewa jaawe. ==References== {{reflist}} [[Vibhag:N]] 9skhmyuo5u6hpky0hqkqyoce14r78tf 336255 336254 2026-06-25T11:23:07Z Sampaadak 1104 336255 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox award | name = Nobel Prize in Literature | image = | caption = | awarded_for = Outstanding contributions in literature | presenter = [[Swedish Academy]] | holder = [[László Krasznahorkai]] (2025) | location = [[Stockholm]], Sweden | year = {{Start date and age|1901}} | reward = 11 million [[Swedish Krona|SEK]] (2023)<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize amounts|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/about/the-nobel-prize-amounts/|publisher=[[The Nobel Foundation]]|access-date=6 October 2022|archive-date=20 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720111123/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/amounts/|url-status=live}}</ref> | website = {{URL|https://nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/|nobelprize.org/literature}} | holder_label = Most recent recipient | previous = [[2024 Nobel Prize in Literature|2024]] | main = [[2025 Nobel Prize in Literature|2025]] | next = [[2026 Nobel Prize in Literature|2026]] }} '''Nobel Prize in Literature''', hian pe iske matlab ''for'' Literature hae, ek [[Sweden|Swedish]] literature prize hae jiske har saal dewa jaawe hae ek lekhak jon koi bhi des ke hoe sake hae, jon [[Alfred Nobel]] ke sabd me, "in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction".<ref name="nobelorglit">{{cite web |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobels-testamente/ |title=Alfred Nobel will |date=15 December 2017 |access-date=20 January 2021 |publisher=Nobel Foundation |archive-date=20 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520060539/http://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobels-testamente/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="swedishref">{{cite news | author=John Sutherland | title=Ink and Spit | work=Guardian Unlimited Books | url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/oct/13/featuresreviews.guardianreview31 | date=13 October 2007 | access-date=13 October 2007 | archive-date=11 November 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111074241/http://books.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,,2189673,00.html | url-status=live }}</ref> Jab ki individual kaam ke kabhi-kabhi khaas maana jaawe hae, the award is based on an author's body of work as a whole. [[Swedish Academy]] decide kare hae ki kiske ii prize dewa jaawe. ==References== {{reflist}} [[Vibhag:N]] [[Vibhag:Nobel Prize]] ryak8b7y6jzd5ro70fx931nc4sugge0