1875

Wikipedia hifwiki https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahila_Panna MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.14 first-letter saadhan khaas baat sadasya sadasya ke baat Wikipedia Wikipedia baat file file ke baat MediaWiki MediaWiki ke baat Template Template ke baat madat madat ke baat vibhag voibhag ke baat TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 1875 0 125 337091 333698 2026-08-09T12:21:21Z Sampaadak 1104 /* Maut */ 337091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Year nav range|{{PAGENAME}}}} '''1875''' ke saal suk ke roj suruu bhaes rahaa. == Ghatna == * [[Suva Mill|Suva ke Chini Mill]] ke profitable nai rahe ke band hoe gais rahaa. * Rewa Plantation Co Ltd ke '''[[Rewa Plantation Co Ltd (Koronivia) Mill|Koronivia Mill]]''' ganna pere ke suruu karis. * [[2 January]] - Fiji ke pahila Legislative Council ke ek ''Royal Charter'' se banawa gais rahaa, jiske niche Council ke member Governor aur kamti se kamti dui aur public officers aur log rahaa jiske Rani nominate karat rahis.<ref name="Burns">Sir Alan Burns, ''Fiji'', Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1963</ref> * [[24 March]] - Secretary of State for India, '''Lord Salisbury, ek dispatch me batais''': " The colonial laws and their administration will be such that Indian settlers... will be in all respects free men, with privileges no whit inferior to those of any other class of Her Majesty's subjects resident in the colonies." <ref>Hugh Tinker, ''Separate and Unequal: India and Indians in the British Commonwealth 1920 -1950'', University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver, 1976, ISBN 0-7748-0046-1</ref> * [[10 April]] - [[Swami Dayanand]], Bombay me Arya Samaj ke staphana karis rahaa * Measles ke kaaran 40,000 se jaada log ke maut [[Fiji]] me hoe gais. Ii bemaari Cakobau ke larrkaa logan ke Australia me pakrris aur uu logan aae ke Fiji me failae diin. * [[June]] - '''[[Rewa Planation Co Ltd (Nausori) Mill]]''' , Uli Calia (Koroqaqa), Nausori me me banawa gais rahaa. * [[1 September]] - Fiji's ke pahila Governor, [[Sir Arthur Gordon]] [[Australia]] se Fiji pahucha aur Colonists logan ke aage aapan pahila bhasan me batais: :"An ample and steady supply of labour is absolutely essential to the Colony. From whence and under what management shall we obtain it most certainly, most cheaply and with the least probability of abuse. The first question is whether the management of the introduction of immigrants should be undertaken by the Government exclusively, or, as at present, by private parties. I am of opinion that it should be undertaken by the Government. But the question is one on which I should wish to have your opinion, and I will ask you to write aye or no before you leave the room to the following question, which you will find written on a sheet of paper near the door: "Is it in your opinion desirable that the Government should undertake the conduct and management of the immigration of labour?" Now as to the source from which labour is to be obtained. Shall we attempt not to supplant but to supplement Polynesian labour by that of Indian coolies? I think that we shall do well to do so. I have nothing to urge against Polynesian labour, but I think we must admit that the supply of it is decreasing and the cost of it increasing. All the evidence I have been able to obtain tends to show that this state of things will continue. :The supply of labour which is to be obtained from India is practically boundless. The amount of wages ordinarily given to Indian coolies is well known. I hold in my hand some statistics as to the probable expense of their introduction here. My calculations are 3pounds/18/-, the expense for recruiting; 10/- a head, per man, for the agent; passage money, 12pounds; cost of returning same, 3pounds; in all 19pounds/8/-; deducting from this amount of one third, as paid by the Government, we arrive at the fact that for 12pounds/18/8 we obtain a coolie servant for five years with his wages of 5d per day additional with rations." :From the Fiji Times, 8 September, 1875 <ref>[http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?id=129999 Celebrating 140 Years: Call for labour]</ref> * [[29 September]] - [[Taveuni]] ke [[Selia Levu (Taveuni) Mill|Selia Levu Estate me Chini ke ek mill]] ganna ke pere ke suru karis == Janam == * [[31 October]] - '''Sardar Vallabhbhae Patel''', Indian political leader, Iron Man of India ke janam, Nadiad, Gujarat, India me bhaes rahaa. (maut: [[15 December]] [[1950]])<ref>[[w:Sardar Vallabhbhae Patel|Sardar Vallabhbhae Patel]]</ref> == Maut == [[file:Hans Christian Andersen.jpg|left|80px|thumb|Andersen]] * [[4 April]] – '''[[Hans Christian Andersen]]''' ek [[Denmark|Danish]] lekhak aur kavi rahaa, jiske maut [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]] me bhaes rahaa. (janam: [[2 April]] [[1805]]) [[File:Georges_bizet.jpg|right|thumb|80px|thumb|Bizet]] * [[3 June]] - '''[[Georges Bizet]]''', [[France]] ke sangeetkaar, ke maut bhais rahaa. == References == <references/> * [http://www.indianetzone.com/3/arya_samaj.htm Indianetzone - Arya Samaj] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328234014/http://www.indianetzone.com/3/arya_samaj.htm |date=2008-03-28 }} * [http://www.fiji.gov.fj/publish/historical_timeline.shtml Fiji Government Online Portal - Historical Timeline] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090913082754/http://www.fiji.gov.fj/publish/historical_timeline.shtml |date=2009-09-13 }} {{YEARS}} [[vibhag:1875| ]] p1evpzabrtgyfdle2pw9oon0h0xwdcg 1896 0 146 337137 312199 2026-08-10T10:19:22Z Sampaadak 1104 /* Maut */ 337137 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Year nav range|{{PAGENAME}}}} '''1896''' ke saal budh ke suruu bhae rahaa. == Ghatna == [[File:ElbeShip.jpg|right|133px|thumb|Elbe jahaaj]] * '''Penang Sugar Mill''' ke Melbourne Trust Company ke bech dewa gae. * '''Ordinance XIV''' (of 1896) ke pass karaa gae jisme girmitya logan ke tiin shilling fine nai to tiin mahina ke jail mili agar jo uu logan ke "''unlawful absence, lack of ordinary diligence, absence''" khatir convict karaa gais, aur girmitya logan ke aapan boss ke kghare yah office, magistrate ke lage aur public office me jae ke complain kare ke illegal kar dewa gae with afine of one pound or on month's imprisonment, aur agar jo koi girmitya ke aapan ghar ke baahar tamaakuu piite pakrra gais tab uske 10 shilling fine parri. <ref> B.V. Lal, ''Chalo Jahaaji'', p. 173, Australian National University, Canberra, 2000, ISBN 909524394 </ref> * [[24 April]] - '''[[Erne (jahaaj)|Erne jahaaj]]''', 557 girmitya logan ke lae ke Calcutta se Fiji pahunchaa. <ref name="Gillion"> K. L. Gillion, ''Fiji's Indian Migrants'', p. 212, Oxford University Press, London, 1962, ISBN 0-19-550452-6 </ref> * [[13 June]] - '''[[Elbe I (jahaaj)|Elbe jahaaj]]''', 615 girmitya logan ke lae ke Calcutta se Fiji pahuchis.<ref name="Gillion"/> * CSR Company ke '''[[CSR (Viria) Mill|Viria Mill]]''' ke band kar dewa gais. == Janam == [[File:Morarji Desai 1978.jpg|right|100 px|thumb|Morarji Desai 1978 me]] * [[29 February]] - '''Morarji Desai''', jon ki India ke se pivhipaanchwa Prime Minister (1977 -1979) rahaa, ke janam Bhadeli, Valsad, Gujarat, India me bhais rahaa. (maut: 10 April 1995)<ref>[[w:Morarji Desai|Morarji Desai]] </ref> [[File:Swami Prabhupada.jpg|right|100px|thumb|Swami Prabupada]] * [[1 September]] - '''[[A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada]]''' (Bengali: অভয়চরণারবিন্দ ভক্তিবেদান্ত স্বামীপ্রভুপাদ, Sanskrit: अभयचरणारविन्दभक्तिवेदान्तस्वामीप्रभुपादः, abhaya-caraṇāravinda bhakti-vedānta svāmī prabhupāda) (1 September 1896 – 14 November 1977), jon ki International Society for Krishna Consciousness ke suru karis rahaa, ke janam Calcutta me bhaes rahaa. == Maut == [[File:Anton_Bruckner.jpg|left|80px|thumb|Bruckner]] * [[11 October]] - '''[[Anton Bruckner]]''', [[Austria]] ke sangeetkaar, ke janam [[Vienna]] me bhais rahaa. == References == <references/> {{Template:YEARS}} [[Category:1896| ]] oehv3j5xnmnwstp0la6cskofzy521jx 1897 0 147 337097 310697 2026-08-09T12:55:23Z Sampaadak 1104 /* Maut */ 337097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Year nav range|{{PAGENAME}}}} '''1897''' ke saal bif ke din suruu bhae rahaa. == Ghatna == * '''[[Penang (Rakiraki) Mill|Penang Mill]]''' ke Melbourne Trust Company Limited chalae lagaa. * Rewa Plantation Co Ltd ke '''[[Rewa Plantation Co Ltd (Koronivia) Mill|Koronivia Mill]]''' ke band kar dewa gais * [[11 May]] - [[Rhone II|Rhone jahaaj]] 653 girmitya logan ke lae ke Calcutta se Fiji pahuchis. * [[1 June]] - [[Clyde|Clyde jahaaj]] 670 girmitya logan ke lae ke Calcutta se Fiji pahuchis. * [[16 June]] - Ek sandhi pe sign karaa gais jisme [[Republic of Hawaii]], [[United States of America]] ke niche aae gais. == Janam == [[File:Netaji_Subhas_Chandra_Bose.jpg|right|100 px|Subhas Chandrs Bose]] * [[23 January]] - [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] jiske Netaji ke naam se bhi jaana jaat rahaa aur jon India ke ajaadi khatir Germany aur Japan ke side laeke England se larris, ke janam bhais rahaa. (maut: [[18 August]] [[1945]]) == Maut == [[File:JohannesBrahms_(cropped).jpg|left|80px|thumb|Brahms]] * [[3 April]] - '''[[Johannes Brahms]]''', [[Germany]] ke sangeetkaar, ke maut bhais rahaa. == References == * [[w:Subhas Chandra Bose|Subhas Chandra Bose]] {{Template:YEARS}} [[Category:1897| ]] 4ttcmrak9w1mlhvmt2x2xrof94r0594 1907 0 158 337146 325055 2026-08-10T11:09:22Z Sampaadak 1104 /* Maut */ 337146 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Year nav range|{{PAGENAME}}}} '''1907''' ke saal mangar ke roj suruu bhaes rahaa. == Ghatna == [[file:FazilkaShip.jpg‎|150px|right|thumb|Girmit waala jahaaj, Fazilka]] * [[28 January]] - '''[[S.S. Fazilka V|Fazilka jahaaj]]''', 875 girmitya logan ke lae ke 5th dafe [[Fiji]] aais rahaa.<ref name="Gillion">K. L. Gillion, ''Fiji's Indian Migrants'', p. 213, Oxford University Press, London, 1962, ISBN 0-19-550452-6</ref> * [[23 March]] - '''[[S.S. Virawa IV|Virawa jahaaj]]''', 759 girmitya logan ke lae ke chautha dafe Fiji aais.<ref name="Gillion"/> * [[6 April]] - [[Labasa]] me 56 Punjabi girmitya logan kamti talab aur sarkari aur police naukri nai mile ke kaaran strike kar din. Uu log ke akhri me convict kar ke alge alge estate me bhej dewa gae.<ref>B.V. Lal, ''Chalo Jahaaji'', pp. 349-362, Australian National University, Canberra, 2000, ISBN 909524394</ref> * [[25 April]] - '''[[S.S. Fazilka VI|Fazilka jahaaj]]''', 796 girmitya logan ke lae ke 6th dafe Fiji aais rahaa.<ref name = "Gillion"/> == Janam == [[file:Katharine_Hepburn_publicity_photograph.jpg|left|80px|thumb|Hepburn]] * [[12 May]] - '''[[Katharine Hepburn]]''', [[America]]n actress ke janam Hartford, [[Connecticut]] me bhais rahaa. [[file:Lord_Olivier_6_Allan_Warren.jpg|right|80 px|thumb|Olivier]] * [[22 May]] - '''[[Laurence Olivier]]''', [[Great Britain]] ke actor ke janam Dorking, Surrey, England me bhais rahaa. [[Image:Frida Kahlo Diego Rivera 1932.jpg|right|80px|thumb|Frida Kahlo aur Diego Rivera]] [[file:John_Wayne_-_still_portrait.jpg|left|80px|thumb|Wayne]] * [[26 May]]- '''[[John Wayne]]''', [[America]]n actor, producer, director ke janam [[Winterset]], [[Iowa]] me bhais rahaa. * [[6 July]] - '''Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón ''', jiske jaada kar ke '''Frida Kahlo''' ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa aur jon ki ek [[Mexico|Mexican]] [[painter]] rahaa ke janam Mexico City me bhaes rahaa. (maut: [[13 July]] [[1954]]) [[file:BarbaraS39.jpg|right|80px|thumb|Stanwyck]] * [[16 July]] - '''[[Barbara Stanwyck]]''', [[America]]n actress aur dancer ke janam [[New York]] me bhais rahaa. == Maut == [[File:Edvard_Grieg_portrait_(cropped).jpg|left|80px|thumb|Grieg]] * [[4 September]] - '''[[Edvard Grieg]]''', [[Norway]] ke sangeetkaar, ke maut Bergen me bhais rahaa. == References == <references/> {{YEARS}} [[vibhag:1907| ]] n5so5t6hj7tynu3oru3gidtrndmie8e Colombia 0 3174 337098 336721 2026-08-09T13:33:38Z Martin Macha 2111 26255 /* */ 337098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | coordinates = {{Coord|4|35|N|74|4|W|type:city}} | conventional_long_name = Republic of Colombia | native_name = {{lang|es|República de Colombia}} ([[Spanish bhasa|Spanish]]) | image_flag = Flag of Colombia.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Colombia.svg | common_name = Colombia | national_motto = | englishmotto = "Freedom and Order" | national_anthem = | image_map = COL orthographic (San Andrés and Providencia special).svg | map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=dark green }} | capital = [[Bogotá]] | religion = {{unbulleted list | 70.2% [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]] | 16.8% other [[Christian]] | 11.1% [[Irreligion|no religion]] | 1.9% other }} | religion_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://es.statista.com/grafico/28553/las-religiones-mas-comunes-en-latinoamerica/ |title=Catholicism and evangelism: the two most common religions in Latin America |website=Statista |date=26 October 2022 |access-date=18 November 2022 |archive-date=19 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221119004809/https://es.statista.com/grafico/28553/las-religiones-mas-comunes-en-latinoamerica/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | religion_year = 2022 | largest_city = capital | official_languages = [[Spanish bhasa|Spanish]] | recognized_regional_languages = [[San Andrés–Providencia Creole|Creole English]] (in [[San Andrés and Providencia]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Por la cual se dictan normas especiales para la organización y el funcionamiento del Departamento Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina. |url=http://www.secretariasenado.gov.co/senado/basedoc/ley_0047_1993.html |access-date=18 October 2023 |quote=ARTÍCULO 42. IDIOMA Y LENGUA OFICIAL EN EL DEPARTAMENTO ARCHIPIELAGO. Son oficiales en el Departamento Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina el castellano y el inglés comunmente hablado por las comunidades nativas del Archipiélago. |archive-date=5 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105153804/http://www.secretariasenado.gov.co/senado/basedoc/ley_0047_1993.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Languages of Colombia|64 aur bhasa]]{{ref label|iboxa|a|}} | ethnic_groups = {{Unbulleted list | {{nowrap|87.58% [[Mestizo Colombians|Mestizo]]-[[White Colombians|White]]{{efn|incl. [[Spanish Colombian|Spaniards]], [[Basque Colombians|Basque]], [[Italian Colombian|Italians]], [[German Colombian|Germans]], [[French Colombian|French]], [[Immigration to Colombia|other Europeans]], [[Arab Colombians|Arabs]] and [[History of the Jews in Colombia|Jews]]}}}} | 6.84% [[Afro-Colombians]] | 4.31% [[Indigenous peoples in Colombia|Indigenous]] | 0.05% [[Raizal]] | 0.01% [[Palenquero]] | 0.01% [[Romani people in Colombia|Romani]] | 1.35% not stated }} | ethnic_groups_year = 2018 census<ref name="ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">{{cite journal| title=Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America |year=2015 |pmc=4670080 |last1=Homburger |first1=J. R. |last2=Moreno-Estrada |first2=A. |last3=Gignoux |first3=C. R. |last4=Nelson |first4=D. |last5=Sanchez |first5=E. |last6=Ortiz-Tello |first6=P. |last7=Pons-Estel |first7=B. A. |last8=Acevedo-Vasquez |first8=E. |last9=Miranda |first9=P. |last10=Langefeld |first10=C. D. |last11=Gravel |first11=S. |last12=Alarcón-Riquelme |first12=M. E. |last13=Bustamante |first13=C. D. |journal=PLOS Genetics |volume=11 |issue=12 |pages=e1005602 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602 |pmid=26636962 |doi-access=free |issn = 1553-7390}}</ref> | demonym = [[Colombia]]n | government_type = Unitary [[Presidential system|presidential republic]] | leader_title1 = [[President of Colombia|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Abelardo de la Espriella]] | leader_title2 = [[Vice President of Colombia|Vice President]] | leader_name2 = [[José Manuel Restrepo]] | legislature = [[Congress of Colombia|Congress]] | upper_house = [[Senate of Colombia|Senate]] | lower_house = [[Chamber of Representatives of Colombia|Chamber of Representatives]] | sovereignty_type = [[Independence]] {{nobold|from Spain}} | established_event1 = [[Colombian War of Independence|Declared]] | established_date1 = 20 July 1810 | established_event2 = [[Gran Colombia|Recognized]] | established_date2 = 7 August 1819 | established_event3 = Last unitisation | established_date3 = 5 August 1886 | established_event4 = Secession of [[Panama]] | established_date4 = 6 November 1903 | established_event5 = {{nowrap|[[Colombian Constitution of 1991|Current Constitution]]}} | established_date5 = 4 July 1991 | area_km2 = 1,141,748 | area_rank = 25th | area_sq_mi = 440,831  | percent_water = 2.1 (as of 2015)<ref>{{cite web|title=Surface water and surface water change|access-date=11 October 2020|publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]] (OECD)|url=https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER|archive-date=24 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324133453/https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER|url-status=live}}</ref> | population_estimate = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 52,695,952<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dane.gov.co/files/censo2018/proyecciones-de-poblacion/Nacional/DCD-area-proypoblacion-Nac-2020-2070.xlsx|title=Proyecciones de Población DANE|access-date=10 April 2023|archive-date=10 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410005852/https://www.dane.gov.co/files/censo2018/proyecciones-de-poblacion/Nacional/DCD-area-proypoblacion-Nac-2020-2070.xlsx|url-status=live}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2024 | population_estimate_rank = 27th | population_density_km2 = 46.15 | population_density_rank = 174th | population_density_sq_mi = 119.54  | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $1.042 trillion<ref name="IMFWEO.CO">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/April/weo-report?c=233,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2029&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Colombia) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=www.imf.org |date=16 April 2024 |access-date=17 April 2024 |archive-date=16 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416235246/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/April/weo-report?c=233,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2029&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2024 | GDP_PPP_rank = 32nd | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $19,770<ref name="IMFWEO.CO" /> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 82nd | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $386.076 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.CO" /> | GDP_nominal_year = 2024 | GDP_nominal_rank = 46th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $7,327<ref name="IMFWEO.CO" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 97th | Gini = 54.8  | Gini_year = 2022 | Gini_change = increase  | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/colombia/#economy|title=Colombia - The World Factbook|access-date=September 23, 2024|archive-date=June 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618105825/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/colombia/#economy|url-status=dead}}</ref> | HDI = 0.758 | HDI_year = 2022 | HDI_change = increase | HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2023/24|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=13 March 2024|access-date=13 March 2024|archive-date=13 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313164319/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 91st | currency = [[Colombian peso]] | currency_code = COP | time_zone = [[Time in Colombia|COT]] | utc_offset = −5{{ref label|iboxb|b|}} | date_format = DMY | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Colombia|+57]] | cctld = [[.co]] | footnote_a = | footnote_b = }} '''Colombia''', [[South America]] ke ek [[des]] hae. Ii South America ke North-West me hae aur iske area 1,141,748 km² (440,839 sq mi) hae. Ii khaali ek South American des hae jiske coast duuno [[Pacific Ocean]] aur [[Atlantic Ocean]] pe hae. Iske puura naam [[Spanish bhasa|Spanish]] me ''República de Colombia'' hae (English: "''Republic of Colombia''"). [[file:Flag of Colombia.svg|thumb|Flag]] [[file:Coat of arms of Colombia.svg|thumb| Coat of arms ]] Colombia ke east me [[Venezuela]], south-east me [[Brazil]], south me [[Peru]], south-west me [[Ecuador]] aur west me [[Panama]] hae. == Naam == "Colombia" naam, Italian navigator [[Christopher Columbus]] ke aakhri naam se aais hae. Ii naam ke puura ""New World ke dewa gais rahaa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.banrepcultural.org/|title=La Red Cultural del Banco de la República|first=Subgerencia Cultural del Banco de la|last=República|website=banrepcultural.org|access-date=20 October 2020|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501114213/https://www.banrepcultural.org/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ii naam ke [[1819]] me [[Gran Colombia|Republic of Colombia]] apnais rahaa, jon banaa rahaa puraana [[Viceroyalty of New Granada]] (modern-day Colombia, Panama, Venezuela, Ecuador, and northwest Brazil) territories se.<ref name="LABLAA5">{{cite web |author=Carlos Restrepo Piedrahita |url=http://www.lablaa.org/blaavirtual/revistas/credencial/febrero1992/febrero2.htm |title=El nombre "Colombia", El único país que lleva el nombre del Descubrimiento |work=Revista Credencial |date=February 1992 |access-date=29 February 2008 |language=es |archive-date=5 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080105031144/http://www.lablaa.org/blaavirtual/revistas/credencial/febrero1992/febrero2.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jab [[Venezuela]], [[Ecuador]], aur [[Cundinamarca Department (1820)|Cundinamarca]] ajaad bhais rahaa, tab pahile waala [[Provinces of the Republic of New Granada|Department of Cundinamarca]], "[[Republic of New Granada]]" ke naam ke adopt karis rahaa. 1858 me New Granada officially aapan naam ke badal ke [[Granadine Confederation]] karis. 1863 me ii naam ke fir se badal ke [[United States of Colombia]] kar dewa gais rahaa, aur aakhri me, 1886 me abhi ke naam – the Republic of Colombia – dewa gais rahaa.<ref name="LABLAA5" /> Columbia ke sarkar ii des ke {{lang|es|Colombia}} and {{lang|es|República de Colombia}} bole hae.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Helena Guedes|first=Maria|title=A Grande Colômbia!|publisher=Clube de Autores|pages=141}}</ref> == References == {{reflist}} == Bibliography == * RODAS, Albeiro, [http://colombiapassport.blogspot.com/2007/07/bogot-gate-and-hall-of-south-america.html Bogotá, the Gate and Hall of South America] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080520074406/http://colombiapassport.blogspot.com/2007/07/bogot-gate-and-hall-of-south-america.html |date=2008-05-20 }}, Colombia Passport: Economics, Society and Culture in Colombia, Sihanoukville, Cambodia, 2007. [[Category:Colombia| ]] [[Category:Latin America]] [[Category:OAS ke member]] [[Category:Spanish bhasa waala des]] iozgc7a2yzxp45uj9j622e3h87xs6kt 1838 0 3752 337090 257335 2026-08-09T12:20:18Z Sampaadak 1104 /* Janam */ 337090 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Year nav range|{{PAGENAME}}}} '''1838''' ke saal sombaar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa. == Ghatna == * [[5 May]] – Pahila jahaaj rahaa, jisme Hindustani majuur logan ke [[Guyana]] laawa gais rahaa. == Janam == [[File:Georges_bizet.jpg|left|thumb|80px|thumb|Bizet]] * [[25 October]] - '''[[Georges Bizet]]''', [[France]] ke sangeetkaar, ke janam bhais rahaa. == Maut == == References == <references/> {{Template:YEARS}} [[Category:1838]] 6xxfq1z2bpz1ti6z89gan94zzx27n66 337092 337090 2026-08-09T12:29:18Z Sampaadak 1104 337092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Year nav range|{{PAGENAME}}}} '''{{PAGENAME}} (MDCCCXXXVIII)''' ek sadhaaran saal rahaa jon [[:wikt:sombaar|sombaar]] ke din suruu bhais rahaa. Ii 2nd millennium ke 838th saal rahaa, [[19th century]] ke 38th saal rahaa aur [[1830s]] dassak ke 9th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1894-1895, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1759-1760, Kali Yuga ke 4938-4939, Islamic calendar ke 1253-1254, Buddhist calendar ke 2382 aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 370 saal rahaa. == Ghatna == * [[5 May]] – Pahila jahaaj rahaa, jisme Hindustani majuur logan ke [[Guyana]] laawa gais rahaa. == Janam == [[File:Georges_bizet.jpg|left|thumb|80px|thumb|Bizet]] * [[25 October]] - '''[[Georges Bizet]]''', [[France]] ke sangeetkaar, ke janam bhais rahaa. == Maut == == References == <references/> [[Vibhag:1]] [[Category:1838| ]] nvtgu06raugmsmhbiw1ita1f690e4hq Anton Bruckner 0 4536 337135 304011 2026-08-10T09:47:26Z Sampaadak 1104 337135 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:AntonBruckner.jpeg|250px|right|thumb|Bruckner ke chapa 1854 me]] '''Anton Bruckner''' (janam '''Ansfelden''', [[Austria]] me [[4 September]] [[1824]] ke aur maut [[Vienna]] me [[11 October]] [[1896]] ke, ek [[Austria]]n sangeetkaar rahaa. Uu aapan symphony dher jaana maana rahaa. Ii sab bahut lamba rahaa aur Romantic style me barraa orchestra khatir likha gais rahaa. Uu ek organist aur teacher bhi rahaa. {{BD|1824|1896|Bruckner, Anton}} [[Category:Austria ke sangeetkaar]] [[Category:B]] 9f5rfw0rmt29w0a26xiq99jneu3d0ae Johannes Brahms 0 4539 337095 304010 2026-08-09T12:49:50Z Sampaadak 1104 337095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist  | Name =Johannes Brahms | Img =Johannes Brahms 1853.jpg | Img_alt = | Img_capt =Brahms ke chapa 1853 me | Img_size = | Landscape = | Background = ** Mandatory ** Use one of solo_singer, non_vocal_instrumentalist, non_performing_personnel, temporary | Birth_name = | Alias = | Born =  7 May 1833, Hamburg, Germany | Died =  3 April 1897, [[Vienna]], Austria | Origin = Austia | Instrument = Piano | Genre = Classical | Occupation = | Years_active = | Label = | Associated_acts = | URL = | Notable_instruments = }} '''Johannes Brahms''' (Janam: Hamburg, [[7 May]] [[1833]]; maut: Vienna [[3 April]] [[1897]]) ek [[Germany|German]] sangeetkaar rahaa. Uu aapan kaam ek piano ke bajaae waala se suruu karis rahaa. Uu self-critical rahaa aur koi nhi kharaab composition ke bhig dewat rahaa. Uu sochat rahaa ki aur log uske “next Beethoven” maanat rahin aur uu dher saal aapan pahila symphony me lagais uske perform kare se pahile. Uu chaar concerto, ek requiem, piano music, chamber music aur gaana likhis rahaa. Uske sab se jaada famous tune ''Wiegenlied'' ("cradle song") rahaa, jiske jaada kar ke "Brahms' [[Lullaby]]," bola jaawe hae jiske musical box me kaam me lawa jaawe hae. {{BD|1833|1897|Brahms,Johannes}} [[vibhag:Germany ke sangeetkaar]] [[vibhag:B]] ldnvh0lm8gd2wrb987gbvwllzqpul1s Frédéric Chopin 0 4542 337138 304012 2026-08-10T10:23:06Z Sampaadak 1104 337138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist  | Name =Frédéric Chopin | Img =Eugène Ferdinand Victor Delacroix 043.jpg | Img_alt = | Img_capt =Chopin ke chapa 1838 me | Img_size = | Landscape = | Background = ** Mandatory ** Use one of solo_singer, non_vocal_instrumentalist, non_performing_personnel, temporary | Birth_name = | Alias = | Born =  1 March 1810 – 17 October 1849, Żelazowa Wola, Duchy of Warsaw ke ek gaon | Died =  17 October 1849, Paris, France | Origin = French-Polish | Instrument = Piano | Genre = Clementi' | Occupation = | Years_active = | Label = | Associated_acts = | URL = | Notable_instruments = }} '''Frédéric Chopin''' (22 February nai to [[1 March]] [[1810]] - [[17 October]] [[1849]]) ek [[Poland|Polish]] virtuoso pianist rahaa jon ki kuchh bahut achchhaa piano music ke compose karis rahaa. Uu Poland ke sab se jaada famous composer rahaa. {{BD|1810|1849|Chopin, Frederic}} [[vibhag:Poland ke sangeetkaar]] [[vibhag:C]] avty4ujj9dmru2rlqt0yxct97ufis9a Antonín Dvořák 0 4548 337142 334109 2026-08-10T10:45:02Z Sampaadak 1104 337142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist  | Name =Antonín Dvořák | Img =dvorak.jpg | Img_alt = | Img_capt =Dvořák ke chapa 1882 me | Img_size = | Landscape = | Background = ** Mandatory ** Use one of solo_singer, non_vocal_instrumentalist, non_performing_personnel, temporary | Birth_name = | Alias = | Born =  [[8 September]] [[1841]], Bohemian gaon, Nelahozeves, Prague ke lage | Died =  [[1 May]] [[1904]], Prague, Czechia | Origin = Czech | Instrument = | Genre = | Occupation = | Years_active = | Label = | Associated_acts = | URL = | Notable_instruments = }} '''Antonín Dvořák''' (janam: [[8 September]] [[1841]]; maut: [[Prague]] [[1 May]] [[1904]]) ek [[Czechia|Czech]] sangeetkaar rahaa. Dvořák, [[Bedřich Smetana|Smetana]] aur Janáček tiin famous composer hae jon ki Czech nationalist music likhe rahin. Dvořák chamber music likis rahaa, jisme string quartet, piano music, gaana, opera aur nau symphony rahaa. Uske aakhri symphony jiske namm ''New World'' rahaa , kahe ki iske [[United States]] (the “New World”) me likha gais rahaa, bahut famous bhais rahaa. == Ii bhi dekho == *[[Anna Chromy]] {{BD|1841|1904|Dvořák,Antonín}} [[vibhag:Czechia ke sangeetkaar]] [[vibhag:D]] 059myu18z2trzsmhcyvwbt3dnh0ljn4 1843 0 5032 337145 322279 2026-08-10T11:08:26Z Sampaadak 1104 /* Janam */ 337145 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Year nav range|{{PAGENAME}}}} '''1843''' ke saal etwar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa. == Ghatna == * [[7 April]] – [[Indian Slavery Act, 1843]] East India Company ke territory me se [[gulaami]] ke support khalaa kar diis. * [[4 May]] – [[Colony of Natal|Natal]] ke British colony banaawa gais rahaa. == Janam == [[File:Edvard_Grieg_portrait_(cropped).jpg|left|80px|thumb|Grieg]] * [[15 June]] - '''[[Edvard Grieg]]''', [[Norway]] ke sangeetkaar, ke janam Bergen me bhais rahaa. == Maut == == References == <references/> {{Template:YEARS}} [[Category:1843| ]] 61guk8ee17wp3a465xet749vbq78d2a Capital punishment 0 8373 337113 309506 2026-08-10T00:06:19Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 337113 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Death Penalty World Map.svg|thumb|right|Distribution of the death penalty. Blue: No death penalty, Green: No death penalty, except in wartime, Orange: death penalty, but no people executed in the last 10 years, Red:Death penalty for certain crimes]] '''Death penalty''' uu rakam ke saja hae jisme guilty pawa gais jan ke jaan le lewa jae hae. <gallery> File:Beheadingchina2.jpg|Beheading: Japanese behead a Chinese (Photo from 1901) File:Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn 150.jpg|The Lapidation (Stoning) of St. Stephen is a painting by [[Rembrandt]](1625) File:Goya-Guerra (15).jpg|''And It can't be helped'' is a painting by [[Goya]], showing a firing squad. (around 1810) File:Execution Lincoln assassins.jpg|Execution of the four people condemned for murdering [[Abraham Lincoln]] (1865) File:Singchair.jpg|An old electric chair </gallery> == Other websites == * [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_n17_v47/ai_17374449/ Nitrogen Asphyxiation Death Penalty] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080927193002/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_n17_v47/ai_17374449/print |date=2008-09-27 }} [[Category:Sajaa]] [[vibhag:Samaajik samasya]] enr2i4tw94npl2zu7hsymg1ic2z75lf 1824 0 9118 337136 324424 2026-08-10T10:17:50Z Sampaadak 1104 337136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Year nav range|{{PAGENAME}}}} '''{{PAGENAME}} (MDCCCXXIV)''' ek leap saal rahaa jon [[:wikt:bif|bif]] ke din suruu bhais rahaa. Ii 2nd millennium ke 824th saal rahaa, [[19th century]] ke 24th saal rahaa aur [[1820s]] dassak ke 5th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1880-1881, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1745-1746, Kali Yuga ke 4924-4925, Islamic calendar ke 1239-1240, Buddhist calendar ke 2368 aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 356 saal rahaa. == Ghatna == [[File:JQA_Photo_Crop.jpg|left|80px|thumb|Adams]] * '''[[United States|America]] ke 10th Presidential election''' me chaar khaas candidate [[Democratic-Republican Party]] ke rahin. [[John Quincy Adams]] ke 84 electoral college votes, [[Andrew Jackson]] ke 99, William H. Crawford ke 41 aur Henry Clay ke 37 votes mila. Ii rakam se House of Representatives vote kar ke , John Quincy Adams ke President chunis. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1824|title=Britannica: United States Presidential election of 1824}}</ref> == Janam == [[File:Anton_Bruckner.jpg|left|80px|thumb|Bruckner]] * [[4 September]] - '''[[Anton Bruckner]]''', [[Austria]] ke sangeetkaar, ke janam Ansfelden me bhais rahaa. == Maut == [[File:George Gordon Byron2.jpg|right|80px|thumb|Byron]] * [[19 April]] - '''[[George Byron]]''', jon ki ek English poet rahaa, ke maut, Acarnania, [[Greece]] me bhais rahaa. (janam: [[22 January]] [[1788]]) == References == <references/> [[Vibhag:1]] [[Category:1824| ]] ce2x6gl9k7nft6ivc0lh9kenmcjs52f 1833 0 19301 337096 311765 2026-08-09T12:54:30Z Sampaadak 1104 /* Janam */ 337096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Year nav range|{{PAGENAME}}}} '''1833''' ek sadharan saal rahaa jon ki mangar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa. == Ghatna == == Janam == [[File:JohannesBrahms_(cropped).jpg|left|80px|thumb|Brahms]] * [[7 May]] - '''[[Johannes Brahms]]''', [[Germany]] ke sangeetkaar, ke janam [[Hamburg]] me bhais rahaa. == Maut == [[File:Kean_(Giles_Overreach).jpg|100px|right|thumb|Edmund Kean]] *[[15 May]] - '''[[Edmund Kean]]''', [[England]] ke Shakespearean actor, ke maut [[London]] me bhais rahaa. * [[27 September]] - '''Ram Mohun Roy''', jon ki ek Hindu sudharak rahaa, ke maut Bristol, [[England]] me bhais rahaa. (janam:[[22 May]] [[1772]]) == References == <references/> {{Template:YEARS}} [[Category:1833| ]] e5xvisv5mdcnjgsdsfnqvm6nipl7qr4 Internet 0 21782 337111 293372 2026-08-09T18:12:15Z Jgkzkyz 40932 337111 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Internet map 1024.jpg|thumb|190px|Internet ke [[chhapa]]]] '''Internet''' dher [[computer network|jon ki ek dusre se jurra hae, ke bola jaawe hae. Internet ke kaam me laae ke jaankari haali se duniya ke koi des ke computer me bheja jaawe sake hae. [[InfinityFree Hosting]] is a Hosting company. == References == {{reflist}} [[Category:Internet| ]] mp7adsxijror2mbsvobr04i4klx38h9 sadasya ke baat:ExtrapolatingVanquisher 3 43136 337099 251350 2026-08-09T17:37:13Z Deepfriedokra 26536 Deepfriedokra moved panna [[sadasya ke baat:SilentSpike]] se [[sadasya ke baat:ExtrapolatingVanquisher]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/SilentSpike|SilentSpike]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/ExtrapolatingVanquisher|ExtrapolatingVanquisher]]" 251350 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=SilentSpike}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 15:44, 8 August 2019 (UTC) t83xt8p4ayo0dghft0bi0n6148xygpq Patricia M. Derian 0 52092 337116 277632 2026-08-10T01:46:31Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 337116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Non-hif language}} '''Patricia M. Derian''' (nee marphee; 12 agast, 1929 - 20 maee, 2016) ek Amerikee naagarik adhikaar aur maanavaadhikaar kaaryakarta the, jinhonne misisipee mein naslavaad se ladaee ladee aur maanavaadhikaar aur maanaveey maamalon ke sahaayak raajy sachiv ke roop mein kaam kiya. 1977 se 1981 tak. unhen da taims oph landan yaad kiya gaya, "naagarik adhikaaron kee ek saahasee chaimpiyan jinhonne ek varishth amerikee raajanayik ke roop mein apanee bhoomika mein duniya ke kuchh sabase kroor taanaashaahon ko liya." petreesiya marphee ka janm nyooyork shahar mein hua tha aur ve varjeeniya ke dainavil mein palee-badhee theen. 1952 mein unhonne yoonivarsitee oph varjeeniya skool oph narsing mein snaatak kee shiksha praapt kee. unhonne snaatak star kee padhaee ke baad pol deriyan se shaadee kee, aur ek nars ke roop mein kaam kiya. vah naagarik adhikaar aandolan kee samarthak theen. 1959 mein, vah jaiksan, misisippee chalee gaeen. vahaan, unhonne hed staart mein svechchha se kaam kiya aur pablik skool ke alagaav ka samarthan kiya. deriyan ne loyalist demokrets (misisipee phreedam demokretik paartee ke saath bhramit nahin hona) ko raajy ke sabhee shvet aadhikaarik pratinidhimandal ke lie ek chunautee ke roop mein vyavasthit karane mein madad kee aur 1968 ke demokretik neshanal kanvenshan mein misisipee ke pratinidhiyon mein se ek ke roop mein chune gae. vah 1970 ke dashak mein naagarik adhikaaron mein sakriy raheen, dakshinee kshetreey parishad ke adhyaksh ke roop mein seva kee aur amerikan sivil libarteej yooniyan kee kaaryakaaree samiti kee sadasy theen. 1976 ke amerikee raashtrapati chunaav ke dauraan, deriyan kaartar-mondel abhiyaan ke up nideshak the. us chunaav mein jimee kaartar ke jeetane ke baad, unhonne deriyan ko maanavaadhikaar aur maanaveey maamalon ke samanvayak ke roop mein naamit kiya. raashtrapati kaartar, haalaanki, 17 agast, 1977 se prabhaavee maanavaadhikaar aur maanaveey maamalon ke lie sahaayak raajy sachiv ke pad par padonnat hue the, aur deriyan ne kaartar prashaasan ke shesh ke lie us kshamata mein seva kee. is pad par aur sanyukt raajy amerika ke raajy vibhaag mein maanavaadhikaar aur maanaveey maamalon ke nae byooro ke pramukh ke roop mein, unhonne maanavaadhikaaron, sharanaarthiyon aur yuddh ke kaidiyon jaise maanaveey muddon par neeti samanvay mein sudhaar karane ke lie kaam kiya. 1978 mein, deriyan ne hoding kaartar iii se shaadee kee, jo us samay saarvajanik maamalon ke sahaayak raajy sachiv the.<ref>https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/patricia-derian-svbdmdrwq</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=7121 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-08 |archive-date=2016-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803162459/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=7121 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/21/us/patricia-derian-diplomat-who-made-human-rights-a-priority-dies-at-86.html</ref><ref>https://2009-2017.state.gov/s/d/rm/rls/perfrpt/2005/html/56380.htm</ref><ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/02/us/washington-talk-presidential-politics-why-kirkpatrick-says-other-women-should.html</ref> == Sandarbh == {{Reflist}} gchdq638q197yw2cny30krksjbedeg4 Mohini Mohan Dhar 0 63574 337115 336845 2026-08-10T01:31:40Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 337115 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Mohini Mohan Dhar | honorific_prefix = Justice Raja | honorific_suffix = [[Esquire|Esq.]] | image = মোহিনী মোহন ধর বিচারক ও ময়ূরভঞ্জের প্রাক্তন দেওয়ান দার রাজ্যের চতুর্থ উপাধিধারী রাজা.jpg | caption = Mohini Mohan Dhar Portrait {{circa|1913}} | office = 2nd [[Dewan]] of [[Mayurbhanj State]] | term_start = 20 June 1905 | term_end = 21 April 1912 | monarch = [[Sriram Chandra Bhanj Deo]] | office1 = Vice-President of the Mayurbhanj State Council | term_start1 = 25 June 1905 | term_end1 = 21 April 1912 | office2 = Judge of the Mayurbhanj State Chief Court | term_start2 = 20 June 1905 | term_end2 = 21 April 1912 | office3 = Chief Judicial Officer of Mayurbhanj | term_start3 = 1905 | term_end3 = 1912 | office4 = | office5 = Sheristedar at Netrokona Munsiff's Court | office6 = 4rth Titular Raja of [[Dar Raj|Dar Raj]] | office7 = | birth_date = {{birth date|1866|9|21}} | birth_place = [[Dhaka]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]] | death_date = {{death date and age|1947|0|0|1866|9|21}} | death_place = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], India | death_cause = [[Cancer]] | nationality = [[Indians|Indian]] | occupation = [[Nyayadhish]], Administrator, Educator | employer = | known_for = Negotiation of land lease for [[Tata Steel]] at [[Gorumahisani]] | parents = Hara Mohan Dhar (father) Elokeshi Devi (mother) | spouse = Saudamini Dhar | children = [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] [[Satyendra Mohan Dhar]] {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CIE}} [[Indian Civil Service (British India)|ICS]] | family = [[House of Dar|Dar Raj]] | relatives = [[Chittajit Mohan Dhar]] (grandchild) [[Manojit Mohan Dhar]] (grandchild) | institutions = [[Gidhni Elokeshi High School]] (Founder) [[Dhaka Elokeshi High School]] (Founder) | honorific-suffix = Esq | succeeded = Hari Das Bose Esq. | preceded = Prasanna Coomar Ghosal | succeeded1 = Hari Das Bose | preceded1 = Prasanna Coomar Ghosal | succeeded2 = Hari Das Bose Esq. | term_start6 = 12 May 1899 | term_end6 = 15 October 1947 | succeeded6 = Raja [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]] | term_start5 = 1920 | term_end5 = 1935 | preceded6 = Raja Hara Mohan Dhar | honorific-prefix = Raja }} '''Mohini Mohan Dhar''' Esq. M.A.B.L. ([[21 September]] [[1866]] - [[1947]]) ek Judge<ref>''[https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2025/2/41148.pdf Bhanja Dynasty of Mayurbhanj: Exploring the Contribution of Maharaja Sri Ram Chandra Bhanj Deo]'' (1890-1912) Ghanashyam Giri, Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2025 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR) pp. 8</ref>, Bharatiya vakeel, Diwan, aur 19th shatabdi ke ant aur 20th shatabdi ke prarambh me Odisha ke Mayurbhanj Rajya ke rajya nyayadhish rahis.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebetterindia.com/141716/indias-iron-man-pramatha-nath-bose-unsung-pioneer/|title=India's Iron Man: The Unsung Pioneer Who Made JN Tata's Industrial Dream A Reality!|author=Ahmed Sherrif|date=2018-05-16|website=The Better India|accessdate=2025-02-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://magazines.odisha.gov.in/orissareview/2015/Apr/engpdf/34-37.pdf|title=Mayurbhanj History|accessdate=2025-02-05|archive-date=2025-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250226091304/https://magazines.odisha.gov.in/orissareview/2015/Apr/engpdf/34-37.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Career== Dhar ko Maharaja Shriram Chandra Bhanj Deo ke adheen rajya parishad ke upadeshak, rajya nyayadhish aur sah-sachiv banaaya gaya tha. Gorumahisani me khaiyon ko Tata Steel ko lease diya gaya tha, jisme Dhar Diwan ke roop me mukhya bhoomika nibhaye.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.getbengal.com/details/p-n-bose-was-first-indian-geologist-who-found-indias-vast-iron-ore-deposits-getbengal-story |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-12-03 |archive-date=2025-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251206220338/https://www.getbengal.com/details/p-n-bose-was-first-indian-geologist-who-found-indias-vast-iron-ore-deposits-getbengal-story |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>INDIAN SCIENCE CRUISER (ISSN : 0970-4256) Volume 38 No 1 January 2024 [https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/123100367/Malini_Ghosh_and_Samir_Kumar_Saha_1_-libre.pdf?1748947680=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DPramatha_Nath_Bose_and_Technical_Educati.pdf&Expires=1764748466&Signature=ID9At7og9ItV2B8VAZ2t64TTlqPl5ijEut1p2gIYXQWykiP14j32eaFBW8mu1w7YW9yMccFQ9x2CHTBg7Kkm~hKNXevywWAtSQi-aUhOOBvSAIGsb8E58lIBVnvS-OmSdynCQMey2enF5u1dqE5iJBIEzfoS0XHhkKYBRFVVdBeMvwZj~3H9JdMQONEBC-e2B6cCWPwK0v5JpOaGD-7X~rjN6VgbpKVeOA3oLk8h3-AKnITcBV2fgs~TahbyJbD5iwr1cfflzm3qUqoF~FJstGlORa5OaAJS6V0fu4lYk8dF7e9RoeB0Sq4TlkMHsF5Zvj9JN8MyYd6pahLYxzwowg__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA DOI: 10.24906/isc/2024/v38/i1/47349] pp.44 Pramatha Nath Bose and Technical Education </ref><ref>https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=mohini+Mohan+Dhar+&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t=1764745206027&u=%23p%3DCK81F-CU1kIJ pp. 60-61</ref> Unhone Kidley ke saath milke Cuttack ke Ravenshaw College me Maharaja Shriram Chandra Bhanj Deo ke vyaktigat shikshak ke taur par bhi kaam kiya tha.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Subhayu Chattopadhyay|year=2005|title=Science, Steel and 'Swadeshi': P.N. Bose and the Tatas|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44145932|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=66|pages=1202–1208|issn=2249-1937}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thebizdom.in/steelmint-desi-data-masters/|title=SteelMint: Desi Data Masters|date=2021-05-27|website=TheBizdom|accessdate=2025-02-05}}</ref> Mohini Mohan Dhar Dhar Mayurbhanj ke dusra Dewan rahin (20 June 1905 se 21 April 1912 tak). Unka pad aur zimmedariyan rahin: * Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanj Deo ke Chief Advisor * Superintendent of Education, Mayurbhanj * Judicial Secretary, Mayurbhanj * State Judge, Mayurbhanj * Judicial Magistrate, Mayurbhanj * Vice-President, State Council, Mayurbhanj * Revenue Department ke Head, Mayurbhanj * Agriculture Department ke Head, Mayurbhanj * Settlement Department ke Head, Mayurbhanj * Zamindar ke Head, Mayurbhanj * Registration Department ke Head, Mayurbhanj Baad me, Mayurbhanj ke Dewan ke pad se retire karne ke baad, Mohini Mohan Dhar Dhar [[Bangladesh]] me Sub Munsiffs Court ke Judge ban gail rahin.<ref>https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.22010/page/n525/mode/2up?q=Mohini The Asiatic Review Vol.15, January-october 1919</ref> ===Assassination Attempt=== 1909 me, jab Mohini Mohan Dhar Mayurbhanj ke Dewan rahin, unke khilaaf ek hatya ke kosis bhail. Ek purana adhikari, jo Dhar ke administrative reforms aur sakht kanoon ke kaaran naraaz rahin, unka subah ke carriage ride ke dauran court jaate samay attack kare ke kosis kail. Assailant ek sandesh dene ke bahane carriage ke paas gail aur chhupa hua chhuri se Dhar ke ghaayal kare ke kosis kail. Lekin, Dhar ke guards suspicious harkat dekh ke turant us assailant ke rok lein. Dhar surakshit rahin, lekin dekhnewale log me thoda hungama bhail. Assailant turant pakad le gail aur local authorities dwara poora case investigate kail gail.<ref>Local News, Bhadmapada, Odiya news</ref> Mohini Mohan Dhar, Theosophical itihaas ke ek aur kam padhle gaye pehlu rahaa. Dhar, Odisha ke Cuttack mein Ravenshaw College mein rajkumar Sri Ram Chandra Bhanj Deo (1870–1912) ke niji shikshak rahin. Jab Bhanj Deo, Odisha ke Mayurbhanj rajya ke shasak bane, tab Dhar ke wahan kai mahatvapurn pad par niyukti hui aur aakhirkaar u log Dewan, yaani Pradhan Mantri, bane.<ref>Ghadei, “Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanj Deo,” 60-61; Rout, “Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanj Deo of Mayurbhanj,” 33-34.</ref> Apne jeevan kaal mein Dhar vakeel, shikshak aur baad mein British kaal ke ek princely state ke adhikari ke roop mein kaam kiye. Rajkumar Bhanj Deo ke dehant ke baad, Dhar Theosophical Society (TS) mein shamil ho gaye aur England gaye, shayad aage ki padhai ke liye. Dhar ke TS sadasyata ka diploma December 1913 mein Benares mein Annie Besant se mila. Iske baad, England pahunchne par u London ke Westminster Lodge se jude. 1914 se 1920 tak, England mein rehne ke dauran, u lagataar TS se sambandhit rahin. Yeh maana jaa sakta hai ki London ke Theosophical samuday ne unke wahan rehne ke dauran samajik sambandh banane mein madad ki. Is dauran, Dhar ne kuch bhashan diye aur 1919 mein do kitab likhi—''Gauranga and his Gospel'' aur ''Krishna the Charioteer''.<ref>Dhar, Gauranga and his Gospel; Dhar, Krishna the Charioteer.</ref> Dhar ke likhe kaam ek aur udaharan dikhate hain jahan ek Bengali Theosophist, Vaishnav dharm ke prati apni bhakti prakat karta hai. 1920 mein Dhar wapas India laut aaye aur Adyar ke General Secretary ko ek patra likh ke anurodh kiye ki unhe Calcutta ke Bhowanipur Lodge se joda jaaye. Yeh patra, jo aaj Adyar Archives mein surakshit hai, usmein Dhar ne England mein TS ke saath apne pehle ke sambandh ke baare mein jankari di.<ref>Mohini Mohan Dhar, Letter to the Recording Secretary, Theosophical Society, Adyar, 1 March 1920, in TS Adyar Archives File C2/TS: Federation-Correspondence/Bengal Federation.</ref> Yeh baat bhi dhyaan dene laayak hai ki Rajkumar Bhanj Deo ki shaadi Brahmo neta Keshab Chandra Sen ki badi beti Sucharu Devi se hui thi. Sucharu Devi, mahila adhikaar ki ek sakriya netri thi aur All India Women’s League ke netaon se judi hui thi—yeh ek aisa aandolan tha jismein Theosophists ka kaafi yogdan raha. Aise sambandh yeh dikhate hain ki Mohini Mohan Dhar, Calcutta aur desh ke anya hisson ke bauddhik varg se achhi tarah jude hue rahin. Unke dwara banaye gaye yeh network, Theosophy, Vaishnavism aur Bharat ke princely states ke beech ke gehre sambandhon ko samajhne mein madad karte hain.<ref>Mukhopadhyay, M. (2025). [https://dare.uva.nl/search?identifier=ef319652-a4ce-44c7-9c56-844d646b6882 The occult world of Bengalis: The Theosophical movement in colonial South Asia and its global entanglements] 1882-1942. [Thesis, fully internal, Universiteit van Amsterdam].</ref> ==Public Image== 1909 me, Mohini Mohan Dhar, ek darawna Dewan, courtroom proceeding ke dauran dekha gail. Dhar ek aadmi ke saza sunate aur unke authority dikhate dikhat rahin, taaki log unke dar aur shakti se darein. Courtroom me officials aur dekhnewale log tension me rahin, jo unke hukumat ke dauran ke dar ke mahal ke darshawe hai. Yeh aadmi is faisla ke 7 din baad public hanging se phansi de di gail.<ref>The Baripada Gazette ''June 15, 1909''</ref> === Public Image === Local log ke prati unka sympathy kam rahin aur unke khushi un power me rahin, jo Maharaja unko de rahin. East Bengal se aane ke kaaran, unhone apne region ke log ke state ke kai pad me rakhal, jaise ki apne bhai ke Sub-Registrar bana dena. Eh faisla se Uriya aur local Bengali log marginalized feel kail aur unme disappointment aur naraazgi bhail.<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.33177162</ref> Dhar ke upar Maharaja ke bharosa rahin, lekin local public opinion unke khilaaf rahin. ''"Dhar is bringing a colony of men from East Bengal to Mayurbhanj and employing them in various state departments."'' — Star of Utkal, Cuttack, 23 September 1905, Page 19, JSTOR<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.33176888</ref> ''"One of the cruelest yet most efficient Dewan of Mayurbhanj. Both horror and business is skyrocketing in Mayurbhanj."'' — Abhinandita Newspaper, 1906 ''"Mayurbhanj could not reach the position, where it is now, if Dhar Babu was not the Dewan."'' — Jitendra Kumar Pakrasi, Sanjivami, July 4th, 1912<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/saoa.crl.33176802.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3Afb8183768f93c30dc358e4eb2614f53d&ab_segments=0%2Fbasic_search_gsv2%2Fcontrol&initiator=&acceptTC=1</ref> == Family == Mohini Mohan Dhar Dhar ke janam 21 September 1866 ke bhail rahaa, [[Dar|Dar ke royal parivar]] me, gaon Jalsean, Dacca, East Bengal (ab [[Bangladesh]]) me. Unke pita Hara Mohan Dhar Esq. M.A.B.L. aur mata Elokeshi Dhar (''née'' Choudhari) rahin. Unka dusra bhai-behan rahin—Jyotindra Mohan Dhar (b. 1863), Biraj Mohan Dhar (b. 1868), Sarala Dhar (b. 1870), aur Kadambini Dhar (b. 1872). Unke pita, Hara Mohan Dhar, M.A.B.L. (b. 1839), ek Zamindar rahin, profession se barrister (Middle Temple), aur Raja Mukunda Mohan Dar (b. 1802), jo Dar area of Kashmir ke former Zamindar royal rahin, ke beta rahin. Dhar hai [[Virendra Mohan Dar|Maharaja Virendra V.M. Dar]] ke great grandson rahaa. Unke mata, Elokeshi Dhar (''née'' Choudhari), Raja Gurnindra Choudhari ke teesra beti rahin, jo Bhagalpur ke ameer Zamindar rahin. Mohini Mohan Dhar Dhar ke vivaah Saudamini Dhar se bhail, je Jogesh Chandra Ghosh ke bahin rahin. Unke bahut bachche rahin, jin me se kuchh prasiddh rahin—[[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]], jo Grey’s Inn se barrister rahin, aur Satyendra Mohan Dhar (b. 1897), C.I.E., I.C.S. Unka beta, [[Dhirendra Mohan Dhar]], Hatkhola ke [[Hatkhola royal family|royal parivar]] se Amiyabala of Hatkhola se vivaah karke, [[Sailendra Sircar|Sailendranath Sircar]] ke beti aur [[Peary Charan Sarkar]] ke poti, saath hi Kailashkamini of [[Hatkhola royal family|Hatkhola]] ke poti rahin.<ref>{{cite book|title=Sailendra Sircar Centenary|publisher=BeeZone|year=2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Sekālora śikshāguru|author=Dutt, Haradhan|year=1978|publisher=Tuli-Kalama}}</ref> == Business == Unhone Gidhni me apne mata ke naam par, [[Gidhni Elokeshi High School]] (also Elokeshi Balika Vidyalaya) aur Jaslin, Dhaka mein [[Dhaka Elokeshi High School]] ki sthaapna ki.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sohopathi.com/elokeshi-high-school-jasmin/|title=Elokeshi High School Jasmin|accessdate=2025-04-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dorpatra.com/eed-department-otm-20|title=Currently Active OTM tenders of Education Engineering Department|accessdate=2025-04-10}}</ref> == Sandarbh == {{reflist}} d9kbqyoisdp796wqhd4a1dvxjh4x91j Imhotep 0 66706 337114 329196 2026-08-10T00:52:52Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 337114 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Imhotep | image = Imhotep, donated by Padisu MET DP164134.jpg | caption = Statuette of Imhotep, 664–30 BC | native_name = | other_names = Asclepius (name in Greek) Imouthes (also name in Greek) | burial_place = [[Saqqara]] (probable) | occupation = chancellor to the [[King]] [[Djoser]] and [[High Priest of Ra]] | years_active = {{circa|[[27th century BC]]}} | known_for = Being the architect of [[Pyramid of Djoser|Djoser's step pyramid]] | relatives = [[Djoser]] (possible brother; disputed) }} {{Infobox hieroglyphs |name = <hiero>M18-G17-R4:X1*Q3</hiero> |name transcription = Imhotep ''Jj m ḥtp'' |name explanation = ''He who comes in peace'' |name2 = <hiero>M18-G17-R4</hiero> |name2 transcription = ''Jj m ḥtp'' |name3 = <hiero>M17-M17-G17-R4</hiero> |name3 transcription = ''Jj m ḥtp'' |Greek expanded title = [[Manetho]] variants: |Greek = {{ubl|[[Sextus Julius Africanus|Africanus]]: Imouthes|[[Eusebius of Caesarea|Eusebius]]: missing|Eusebius,  AV:  missing}} |}} '''Imhotep''' ({{IPAc-en|ɪ|m|ˈ|h|əʊ|t|ɛ|p}};<ref name="Collins">{{cite web |url=http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/imhotep?showCookiePolicy=true |title=Imhotep |access-date=September 25, 2014 |work=Collins Dictionary}}</ref> "jon santi se aawe hae";<ref name="Ranke 1935 9">{{cite book |last1=Ranke |first1=Hermann |year=1935 |title=Die Ägyptischen Personennamen |trans-title=Egyptian Personal Names |volume=1: Verzeichnis der Namen |page=9 |language=de |publisher=J. J. Augustin |place=Glückstadt |url=http://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/images/MFA-images/Giza/GizaImage/full/library/ranke_personennamen_1.pdf |access-date=24 July 2020 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317212335/http://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/images/MFA-images/Giza/GizaImage/full/library/ranke_personennamen_1.pdf |date=17 March 2022 }}</ref> {{Floruit|late 27th century BC}}) ek [[Ancient Egyptians|Egyptian]] chancellor rahaa, King [[Djoser]] ke niche, jon saait [[Pyramid of Djoser|Djoser's step pyramid]] ke architect rahaa, aur [[Clergy_of_ancient_Egypt#Hierarchy |high priest]] sun god [[Ra]] ke [[Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)|Heliopolis]] me rahaa. Imhotep ke baare me bahut kamtii jaana jaawe hae, lekin3,000 years uske maut ke baad, uske dhire-dhire uske glorify aur [[Deifying|deified]] karaa gais hae. [[vibhag:I]] [[vibhag:Egypt ke architect]] cczdu9953ah0cwqj1lo7boo5fog62du sadasya ke baat:Renamed user 888a311f0fccfbfeae3b7f0aa70f1354 3 68805 337105 334417 2026-08-09T17:54:21Z Deepfriedokra 26536 Deepfriedokra moved panna [[sadasya ke baat:Nathan Veritas]] se [[sadasya ke baat:Renamed user 888a311f0fccfbfeae3b7f0aa70f1354]] without leaving a redirect: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Nathan Veritas|Nathan Veritas]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Renamed user 888a311f0fccfbfeae3b7f0aa70f1354|Renamed user 888a311f0fccfbfeae3b7f0aa70f1354]]" 334417 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=Nathan Veritas}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 19:47, 20 Aprel 2026 (UTC) 9vosxtdvw09fosstodl8k4huh801byr Georges Bizet 0 69422 337087 2026-08-09T12:10:28Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "[[File:Georges bizet.jpg|thumb|Bizet photographed by [[Étienne Carjat]] (1875)]]  '''Georges Bizet'''{{refn|group=n|1=Pronunciation: {{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|b|iː|z|eɪ}} {{respell|BEE|zay}}, {{IPAc-en|US|b|iː|ˈ|z|eɪ}} {{respell|bee|ZAY}};<ref>{{cite EPD|18}}</ref> {{IPA|fr|ʒɔʁʒ(ə) bizɛ|lang}}}} ({{né|'''Alexandre César Léop..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337087 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Georges bizet.jpg|thumb|Bizet photographed by [[Étienne Carjat]] (1875)]]  '''Georges Bizet'''{{refn|group=n|1=Pronunciation: {{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|b|iː|z|eɪ}} {{respell|BEE|zay}}, {{IPAc-en|US|b|iː|ˈ|z|eɪ}} {{respell|bee|ZAY}};<ref>{{cite EPD|18}}</ref> {{IPA|fr|ʒɔʁʒ(ə) bizɛ|lang}}}} ({{né|'''Alexandre César Léopold Bizet'''}}; [[25 October]] [[1838]]{{spaced ndash}}[[3 June]] [[1875]]) [[France]] ke ek sangeetkaar, [[Romantic music|Romantic era]] ke rahaa. Uske jaada kar ke uske operas ke khaatir jaana jaawe hae, ek career me jiske uske haali ke maut chhotaa kar diis rahaa. Bizet ke kamti successes rahaa uske aakhri kaam, ''[[Carmen]]'' se pahile, jon sab se jaada jaane waala aur frequently performed kaam uske puura opera repertoire. ==References== {{reflist}} {{BD|1838|1975|Bizet, Georges}} [[Vibhag:B]] [[Vibhag:France ke sangeetkaar]] i1oqnsnahia1mu7ag5gyd6106j6smhz Template:Né 10 69423 337088 2026-08-09T12:11:20Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "[[Birth name#Maiden and married names|né]]{{#if:{{{1|}}}| {{trim|{{{1|}}}}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude>" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337088 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Birth name#Maiden and married names|né]]{{#if:{{{1|}}}| {{trim|{{{1|}}}}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 463p44ycpikxsc4nkarjhsqtkgmasln vibhag:1838 janam 14 69424 337089 2026-08-09T12:12:22Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "[[Vibhag:1838]] [[Vibhag:Janam]]" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337089 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Vibhag:1838]] [[Vibhag:Janam]] efrfkqpbmh7c0rrayj4rqzu5z0bhocb Alexander Borodin 0 69425 337093 2026-08-09T12:44:33Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "{{Infobox scientist | native_name = {{nobold|Александр Бородин}} | native_name_lang = ru | image = Borodin.jpg | birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1833|11|12}} | birth_place = St. Petersburg, Russia | death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1887|2|27|1833|11|12}} | death_place = St. Petersburg, Russia | burial_place = [[Tikhvin Cemetery]], St. Petersburg | works..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox scientist | native_name = {{nobold|Александр Бородин}} | native_name_lang = ru | image = Borodin.jpg | birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1833|11|12}} | birth_place = St. Petersburg, Russia | death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1887|2|27|1833|11|12}} | death_place = St. Petersburg, Russia | burial_place = [[Tikhvin Cemetery]], St. Petersburg | works = [[List of compositions by Alexander Borodin|List of compositions]] | fields = [[Chemistry]] | work_institutions = {{ubl|[[Heidelberg University]]|[[Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy]]}} }} '''Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin''' ([[12 November]] [[1833]]{{snd}}[[27 February]] [[1887]]) [[Russia]] ke ek [[Romantic music|Romantic]] sangeetkaar aur [[chemist]] rahaa, jiske mai-baap Georgian–Russian rahin.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aleksandr Borodin |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aleksandr-Borodin |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Kennedy |first1=Michael |last2=Kennedy |first2=Joyce |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Music |date=15 August 2013 |publisher=OUP Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-957854-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XX2sAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA103 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Everett |first1=Nicholas |title=The Cambridge Companion to the Musical |date=9 December 2002 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-79639-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0dkmJazu298C&pg=PA150 |language=en}}</ref> Uu [[19th century]] ke ek jaana-maana sangeetkaar rahaa jon "[[The Five (composers)|The Five]]", a group dedicated to producing a "uniquely Russian" kind of [[Russian classical music|classical music]], me se ek rahaa.<ref name=Abraham>[[Gerald Abraham|Abraham, Gerald]]. ''Borodin: the Composer and his Music''. London, 1927.{{page needed|date=September 2021}}</ref>{{sfn|Dianin|1963|pages=13, 329}} Borodin ke sab se achchhaa uske [[symphony|symphonies]], uske dui [[string quartet]]s, [[symphonic poem]] ''[[In the Steppes of Central Asia]]'' aur uske opera ''[[Prince Igor]]'' ke khaatir jaana jaawe hae. ==References== {{reflist}} {{BD|1833|1887|Borodin, Alexander}} [[Vibhag:B]] [[Vibhag:Russia ke sangeetkaar]] [[Vibhag:Russia ke chemist]] m6e1w8lrwtpljn26fh0bz660x6asvle vibhag:1887 maut 14 69426 337094 2026-08-09T12:45:12Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "[[Vibhag:1887]] [[Vibhag:Maut]]" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337094 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Vibhag:1887]] [[Vibhag:Maut]] n5rv562u690ynmwg8ud9u4yev53p6yx sadasya ke baat:SilentSpike 3 69427 337100 2026-08-09T17:37:13Z Deepfriedokra 26536 Deepfriedokra moved panna [[sadasya ke baat:SilentSpike]] se [[sadasya ke baat:ExtrapolatingVanquisher]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/SilentSpike|SilentSpike]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/ExtrapolatingVanquisher|ExtrapolatingVanquisher]]" 337100 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[sadasya ke baat:ExtrapolatingVanquisher]] c4bjivf76mn5z1d9a77clemx2errl6e sadasya ke baat:Jgkzkyz 3 69429 337103 2026-08-09T17:51:34Z New user message 12502 Adding [[Template:Welcome|welcome message]] to new user's talk page 337103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=Jgkzkyz}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 17:51, 9 August 2026 (UTC) be57549n03xwb24tc2ve0btni7ufykn vibhag:Poland ke sangeetkaar 14 69432 337139 2026-08-10T10:23:59Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "[[Vibhag:Poland ke log]] [[Vibhag:Sangeetkaar]]" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337139 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Vibhag:Poland ke log]] [[Vibhag:Sangeetkaar]] 4uzguf5gj42f8uh48wi5298xbyf5rqg Mikhail Glinka 0 69433 337140 2026-08-10T10:38:54Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "[[File:Michail Glinka by Brullov.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Mikhail Glinka by [[Karl Bryullov]], 1840]] '''Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka''' ({{lang-rus|links=no|Михаил Иванович Глинка {{OldStyleDate|1 June|1804|20 May}}{{spaced ndash}}{{OldStyleDate|15 February|1857|3 February}}) pahila [[Russia]]n sangeetkaar rahaa jiske aapan des me recognition mila rahaa aur jiske fountainhead of Russian [[classical music]] maana jaawe hae.<ref>..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337140 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Michail Glinka by Brullov.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Mikhail Glinka by [[Karl Bryullov]], 1840]] '''Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka''' ({{lang-rus|links=no|Михаил Иванович Глинка {{OldStyleDate|1 June|1804|20 May}}{{spaced ndash}}{{OldStyleDate|15 February|1857|3 February}}) pahila [[Russia]]n sangeetkaar rahaa jiske aapan des me recognition mila rahaa aur jiske fountainhead of Russian [[classical music]] maana jaawe hae.<ref>"...regarded by his compatriots as the source and fountainhead of Russian Music", in "Russian Symphony Orchestra", ''New York Times'', 1904-11-13, p. 10.</ref> Uske sangeet ke influence duusra Russian sangeetkaar pe bhi rahaa, khaas kar ke [[The Five (composers)|The Five]], jon ek distinctive Russian style ke sangeet ke banain rahin, ke uppar. ==References== {{reflist}} {{BD|1804|1857|Glinka, Milhail}} [[Vibhag:G]] [[Vibhag:Russia ke sangeetkaar]] 971kdfsx4nvhcq3sev9ylejis9g8p6k vibhag:1857 maut 14 69434 337141 2026-08-10T10:39:35Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "[[Vibhag:1857]] [[Vibhag:Maut]]" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337141 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Vibhag:1857]] [[Vibhag:Maut]] r7cb3wqz3e7c08p8ghbligub0gqv0b7 Edvard Grieg 0 69435 337143 2026-08-10T11:00:46Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "{{Infobox person | name = Edvard Grieg | image = File:Edvard Grieg portrait (cropped).jpg | caption = Grieg in 1888 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1843|06|15|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Bergen]], Norway | death_date = {{Death date and age|1907|09|04|1843|06|15|df=y}} | death_place = Bergen, Norway | occupation = {{hlist|Composer|pianist}} | works = List of compositi..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Edvard Grieg | image = File:Edvard Grieg portrait (cropped).jpg | caption = Grieg in 1888 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1843|06|15|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Bergen]], Norway | death_date = {{Death date and age|1907|09|04|1843|06|15|df=y}} | death_place = Bergen, Norway | occupation = {{hlist|Composer|pianist}} | works = [[List of compositions by Edvard Grieg|List of compositions]] | spouse = {{marriage|[[Nina Grieg]]|1867}} }} '''Edvard Hagerup Grieg''' ({{IPAc-en|ɡ|r|iː|ɡ}} {{respell|GREEG}}, {{IPA|no|ˈɛdvaʁd ˈhɑ̀ːɡəʁʉp ˈɡʁɪgː|lang}}; [[15 June]] [[1843]]{{spaced ndash}}[[4 September]] [[1907]]) [[Norway]] ke ek sangeetkaar aur [[pianist]] rahaa. Uske jaada kar ke ek leading [[Romantic music|Romantic era]] sangeetkaar maana jaawe hae, aur uske sangeet standard classical repertoire worldwide, ke ek hissa hae. Uske [[Music of Norway|Norwegian folk music]] ke kaam me laana, aapan sangeet me, Norway ke music ke famous karis rahaa, aur [[Norwegian romantic nationalism|national identity]] ke develop kare me madat karis rahaa, jaise [[Jean Sibelius]] [[Finland]] ke aur [[Bedřich Smetana]] [[Bohemia]] me.<ref name="isbn1-84383-210-0">{{cite book |author=Daniel M. Grimley |title=Grieg: Music, Landscape and Norwegian Identity |publisher=Boydell Press |location=Ipswich |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-84383-210-2 }}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{BD|1843|1907|Grieg, Edvard}} [[Vibhag:G]] [[Vibhag:Norway ke sangeetkaar]] bqh55eaqz4y6l6773evljcgvpud0lxu vibhag:Norway ke sangeetkaar 14 69436 337144 2026-08-10T11:01:36Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "[[Vibhag:Norway ke log]] [[Vibhag:Sangeetkaar]]" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337144 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Vibhag:Norway ke log]] [[Vibhag:Sangeetkaar]] i4qmmy4udmyqme0eic4zk9v20mh6nwx Franz Liszt 0 69437 337147 2026-08-10T11:32:07Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "{{Infobox classical composer | name = Franz Liszt | image = Franz Liszt by Herman Biow- 1843.png | caption = Liszt in 1843 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1811|10|22|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Raiding, Austria|Doborján]], Kingdom of Hungary | death_date = {{Death date and age|1886|7|31|1811|10|22|df=y}} | death_place = [[Bayreuth]], German Empire | works = List of composit..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337147 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox classical composer | name = Franz Liszt | image = Franz Liszt by Herman Biow- 1843.png | caption = Liszt in 1843 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1811|10|22|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Raiding, Austria|Doborján]], Kingdom of Hungary | death_date = {{Death date and age|1886|7|31|1811|10|22|df=y}} | death_place = [[Bayreuth]], German Empire | works = [[List of compositions by Franz Liszt|List of compositions]] | partner = {{unbulleted list|[[Marie d'Agoult]] (1833{{endash}}1839)|[[Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein]] (1847)}} | children = 3, including [[Cosima Wagner]] | signature = Liszt's signature (transparent).png }} '''Franz Liszt''' {{IPA|de|ˈlɪst|lang}}, abhi ke usage me ''Liszt Ferenc'' {{IPA|hu|ˈlist ˈfɛrɛnt͡s|}}. ([[22 October]] [[1811]] – [[31 July]] [[1886]]) [[Hungary]] ke ek sangeetkaar , [[virtuoso]] pianist, conductor aur teacher of the [[Romantic music|Romantic period]] rahaa. uSke dher rakam ke kaam rahaa jiske uu 60 saal talak karis rahaa. Uu aapan era ke ek most prolific aur influential sangeetkaar rahaa, aur uske piano ke kaam continue to be widely performed and recorded.{{sfn|Botstein|2011}}{{sfn|Eckhardt|Mueller|Walker|2001|loc=§28}}{{sfn|Deaville|2005|p=56}} ==References== {{reflist}} {{BD|1811|1886|Liszt, Franz}} [[Vibhag:L]] [[Vibhag:Hungary ke sangeetkaar]] 37i9dvaddguhv2ikkgavg0upcusyqtx vibhag:Hungary ke sangeetkaar 14 69438 337148 2026-08-10T11:32:57Z Sampaadak 1104 Panna jisme "[[Vibhag:Hungary ke log]] [[Vibhag:Sangeetkaar]]" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337148 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Vibhag:Hungary ke log]] [[Vibhag:Sangeetkaar]] o77h4gf12dal31l4k0pmiy6s17yv8l7