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'''1860''' ek leap saal rahaa jon ki etwaar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.
== Ghatna ==
* [[Jamaica]] me fir se Hindustani majdur ke bheja jaae laga.
[[File:Abraham_Lincoln_by_Alexander_Hesler,_1860-restored_(cropped).png|right|100px|thumb|Abraham Lincoln]]
* [[6 November]] - [[America]] ke 19th Presidential election me [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] ke [[Abraham Lincoln]], Southern Democrats ke John C. Brekinridge ke 180 electoral college votes to 72 se harais. Dui aur candidate ke kamtii electoral vote milaa. Ii election me Lincoln ke khaali 39.8% popular vote milaa rahaa. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1860|website=Britannica|title=United States Presidential election of 1860}}</ref>
* [[16 November]] – ''Lala Rookh'' pahila jahaaj rahaa jon ki 342 majdur logan ke lae ke, [[India]] se [[South Africa]] laais rahaa. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indiandiaspora.nic.in/diasporapdf/chapter7.pdf |title=South Africa |access-date=2009-05-24 |archive-date=2009-06-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619062814/http://www.indiandiaspora.nic.in/diasporapdf/chapter7.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
== Janam ==
[[file:Gustav_Mahler_1909_2.jpg|left|thumb|80px|Mahler]]
* [[7 July]] - '''[[Gustav Mahler]]''', [[Austria]] ke sangeetkaar, ke janam Bohemia me bhais rahaa.
== Maut ==
== References ==
<references/>
<br/>
{{Template:YEARS}}
[[Category:1860| ]]
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1868
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'''1868''' ke saal budh ke roj suruu bhae rahaa.
== Ghatna ==
[[File:Ulysses_S._Grant_1870-1880.jpg|right|100px|thumb|Ulysses S. Grant]]
* [[3 November]] - [[America]] ke 21st Presidential election me, [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] ke '''[[Ulysses S. Grant]]''', [[Democratic Party]] ke Horatio Seymour ke 214 electoral votes to 80 se harais. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1868 | website=Britannica | title= United States Presidential election of 1868 | access-date = 19 April 2024}}</ref>
== Janam ==
* [[Badri Maharaj]], jon ki [[Fiji]] ke Legislative Council ke pahila Hindustani member rahaa, ke janam Badrinath ke nangich Bamoli gaon, Uttarakhand, India me bhais rahaa.
== Maut ==
[[File:Rossini_young-circa-1815.jpg|thumb|Rossini|80px|left]]
* [[13 November]] - '''[[Gioachino Rossini]]''', [[Italy]] ke [[sangeetkaar]] ke maut bhais rahaa.
== References ==
* K.L. Gillion, ''Fiji’s Indian Migrants, A History to the end of the Indenture in 1920'', Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1962
{{Template:YEARS}}
[[Category:1868| ]]
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1911
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'''1911''' ke saal etwaar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.
== Ghatna ==
* Fiji ke sarkar ii faisla karis ki '''Hindustani basti''' ke khaali Fiji ke ''settled districts'' me banawa jaae. [[Tavua district, Fiji|Tavua]] ke Koro No. 1 me ek 588 bigha ke Hindustani basti ke banawa gais.
* '''British Indian Association of Fiji''' ke banawa gais jisme khaas haanth J. P. Maharaj, [[Totaram Sanadhya]], Ram Singh aur Ram Rup ke rahaa.
* Fiji ke Hindustani log ke uppar 10 shilling ke '''Hut Tax''' lagawa gais.
* [[18 February]] - India me pahila dafe chitthi aeroplane se deliver karaa gais.
* [[2 April]] - Fiji me 4th census lia gais jiske anusaar 139,541 ke population me se 40,286 Hindustani rahin. <ref> Brij V. Lal, ''Broken Waves: A history of the Fiji Islands in the twentieth century'', pp. 336-7, University of Hawaii Press, USA, 1992, ISBN 0-8248-1418-5 </ref>
[[File:Mutlah.gif|right|160px|thumb|Mutlah Jahaaj]]
* [[22 May]] - '''[[S.S. Mutlah I|Mutlah Jahaaj]]''', 834 girmitya logan ke lae ke pahila dafe Fiji aais. <ref> K. L. Gillion, ''Fiji's Indian Migrants'', p. 213, Oxford University Press, London, 1962, ISBN 0-19-550452-6
</ref>
* [[18 August]] - '''[[S.S. Mutlah II|Mutlah Jahaaj]]''', 863 girmitya logan ke lae ke duusra dafe Fiji aais. <ref> K. L. Gillion, ''Fiji's Indian Migrants'', p. 213, Oxford University Press, London, 1962, ISBN 0-19-550452-6
</ref>
* [[12 December]] – '''[[Delhi]]''' ke, [[Calcutta]] ke jagah pe, [[India]] ke capital banawa gais.<ref>[[w:Delhi:Delhi]]</ref>
* Saal ke khalaas hoe talak, Fiji me 44,220 Hindustani rahin, jisme se 14,462 girmit ke niche rahin. Ii saal me 4,204 girmitya logan ke Fiji lawa gais rahaa, jisme se 2,233, Calcutta se, aur 1,971, Madras se aawe rahin. 708 gimitya logan India laut gae rahin.
== Janam ==
* [[13 October]] - '''[[Ashok Kumar]]''', [[India]] ke film actor ke janam, [[Bhagalpur]], [[Bihar]] me bhais rahaa.
== Maut ==
[[file:Gustav_Mahler_1909_2.jpg|left|thumb|80px|Mahler]]
* [[18 May]] - '''[[Gustav Mahler]]''', [[Austria]] ke sangeetkaar, ke maut [[Vienna]] me bhais rahaa.
== References ==
<references/>
<br />
{{Template:YEARS}}
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[[Category:1911| ]]
{{Film stub}}
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Antonín Dvořák
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{{Infobox musical artist <!-- For individuals; see Wikipedia:WikiProject_Musicians -->
| Name =Antonín Dvořák
| Img =dvorak.jpg
| Img_alt =
| Img_capt =Dvořák ke chapa 1882 me
| Img_size =
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| Background = ** Mandatory ** Use one of solo_singer, non_vocal_instrumentalist, non_performing_personnel, temporary
| Birth_name =
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| Born = <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> [[8 September]] [[1841]], Bohemian gaon, Nelahozeves, Prague ke lage
| Died = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth) --> [[1 May]] [[1904]], Prague, Czechia
| Origin = Czech
| Instrument =
| Genre =
| Occupation =
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}}
'''Antonín Dvořák''' (janam: [[8 September]] [[1841]]; maut: [[Prague]] [[1 May]] [[1904]]) ek [[Czechia|Czech]] sangeetkaar rahaa. Dvořák, [[Bedřich Smetana|Smetana]] aur Janáček tiin mashuur sangeetkaar rahin jon ki Czech nationalist music likhe rahin. Dvořák chamber music likis rahaa, jisme string quartet, piano music, gaana, opera aur nau symphony rahaa. Uske aakhri symphony jiske namm ''New World'' rahaa , kahe ki iske [[United States]] (the “New World”) me likha gais rahaa, bahut famous bhais rahaa.
== Ii bhi dekho ==
*[[Anna Chromy]]
{{BD|1841|1904|Dvořák,Antonín}}
[[vibhag:Czechia ke sangeetkaar]]
[[vibhag:D]]
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Gustav Mahler
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{{Infobox musical artist <!-- For individuals; see Wikipedia:WikiProject_Musicians -->
| Name =Gustav Mahler
| Img =Gustav Mahler 1909 2.jpg
| Img_alt =
| Img_capt =Mahler ke chapa 1909 me
| Img_size =
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| Born = <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> [[7 July]] [[1860]],Bohemia
| Died = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth) --> [[18 May]] [[1911]], [[Vienna]]
| Origin = German
| Instrument =
| Genre = Romantic
| Occupation =
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'''Gustav Mahler''' (janam ke naam: Kalischt (abhi ke naam: Kalište), Bohemia, [[7 July]] [[1860]]; maut [[Vienna]], [[18 May]] [[1911]]) ek [[Austria|Czech-Austrian]] sangeetkaar aur conductor rahaa. Uu Romantic period ke time ke sab se barraa composer rahaa. Uu nau [symphony likhis rahaa (daswa ke khalaa nai karaa gais rahaa. Uu [[German bhasa|German]] ke folk song ke bahut like karat rahaa. Uske work ''Das Lied von der Erde'' (English:''The Song of the Earth'') uske sab se achchhaa kaam hae. Uu ek bahut achchhaa conductor rahaa aur Vienna Opera ke banais rahaa.
{{BD|1860|1911|Mahler, Gustav}}
[[Category:Austria ke sangeetkaar]]
[[Category:M]]
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Franz Schubert
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{{Infobox musical artist <!-- For individuals; see Wikipedia:WikiProject_Musicians -->
| Name =Franz Schubert
| Img =Franz Schubert.jpg
| Img_alt =
| Img_capt =Schubert ke chapa 1846 me
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| Born = <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> [[31 January]] [[1797]], Vienna, Austria
| Died = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth) --> [[19 November]] [[1828]],Vienna, Austria
| Origin = Austrian
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'''Franz "Peter" Schubert''' (janam: [[Vienna]], [[31 January]] [[1797]]; maut: Vienna [[19 November]] [[1828]]), ek [[Austria]]n [[sangeetkaar]] rahaa. Jab ki uu 31 saal ke umar me mar gais rahaa, uu lagbhag 1000 music ke compose karis rahaa. Isme se kuchh abhi talak compose karaa gais music me se sab se achchhaa hae. Vienna ke aur jaana maana composer, jaise ki [[Joseph Haydn|Haydn]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Mozart]] aur [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]] rahin, lekin Schubert khaali ek rahaa jon ki Vienna me paida bhais rahaa. Schubert Classical music period ke aakhri aur Romantic period ke pahila composer rahaa.
== References ==
* New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians; ed Stanley Sadie; 1980; ISBN1-56159-174-2
{{BD|1797|1828|Schubert,Franz}}
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[[vibhag:Austria ke sangeetkaar]]
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Bedřich Smetana
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[[File:Smetana.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Smetana ke chapa 1878 me]]
'''Bedřich Smetana''' (janam: Litomyšl, Bohemia, [[2 March]] [[1824]]; maut: [[Prague]] [[12 May]] [[1884]]) ek [[Czechia|Czech]] [[sangeetkaar]] rahaa. Uu ek Romantic composer rahaa. Smetana, [[Antonín Dvořák|Dvořák]] aur [[Leoš Janáček]]tiin famous composer hae jon ki Czech nationalist music likhe rahin. Uske music, typical Czech music rahaa. Uske aath opera nationalistic kahani ke baare me hae. Uu chhe tone poems orchestra khatir likis rahaa jiske ''Ma Vlast'' bola jaawe hae aur iske matlab “My Home Country” hae.
{{BD|1824|1884|Smetana,Bedřich}}
[[Category:Czechia ke sangeetkaar]]
[[Category:S]]
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Robert Schumann
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[[File: Robert_Schumann.jpg|frame|Schumann ke chapa 1850 me]]
'''Robert Schumann''' (janam: Zwickau, Saxony, [[8 June]] [[1810]]; maut: [[29 July]] [[1856]]) ek famous [[Germany|German]] [[sangeetkaar]] rahaa. Uu Romantic period ke rahaa. Uske aapan concert pianist bane ke sapna ke badle ke parraa jab uu aapan hanth me chot lagae diis. Uu ek music magazine ke chapis aur dher article likhis music ke aare me likhis. Uske music uu chij se bharaa rahaa jon ki Romantic music ke typical rahaa: ii emotion sr bharaa rahat rahaa, ek ek hissa ke title rahat rahaa jon ki koi chij ke describe karat rahaa aur ii literature se inspired rahaa. Uu dher piano music likhis rahaa.
== References ==
* New Groves Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie (1980)
== Recording ==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B_pgp8Rfnxo Allegro op 8 of Schumann]
{{BD|1810|1856|Schumann, Robert}}
[[Vibhag:Germany ke sangeetkaar]]
[[Vibhag:S]]
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1856
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'''1856''' ek leap saal rahaa jon ki mangar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.
== Ghatna ==
[[File:James_Buchanan_(cropped).jpg|100px|right|thumb|James Buchanan]]
* [[4 November]] - [[America]] ke 18 Presidential election me [[Democratic Party]] ke [[James Buchanan]] ke 174 electoral college votes milaa, [[Whig Party]] ke John C. Fremont ke 144 votes aur pahile ke President, [[Millard Fillmore]] ke 8 votes.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1856 | website=Britannica |title=United States Presidential election of 1856 | access-date=20 March 2014}}</ref>
== Janam ==
[[file:Bal Gangadhar Tilak.jpg|right|160px|thumb|Tilak]]
* [[23 July]] - India ke ajaadi khatir larre waala, '''[[w:Bal Gangadhar Tilak|Bal Gangadhar Tilak]]''', ke janam Maharashtra, [[India]] me bhais rahaa. (maut: [[1 August]] [[1920]])
[[file:Sigmund Freud LIFE.jpg|right|160px|thumb|Sigmund Freud]]
* [[6 May]] - '''[[Sigmund Freud]]''', Austrian neurologist aur jaana maana psychologist, ke janam Czech Republic me bhais rahaa. (maut: [[23 September]] [[1939]])
== Maut ==
[[File:Robert_Schumann_1839.jpg|right|80px|thumb|Schumann]]
* [[29 July]] - '''[[Robert Schumann]]''', [[Germany]] ke [[sangeetkaar]] ke maut [[Bonn]] me bhais rahaa.
== References ==
<references/>
{{YEARS}}
[[vibhag:1856| ]]
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Internet
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[[Special:Contributions/Jgkzkyz|Jgkzkyz]] ([[User talk:Jgkzkyz|Talk]]) ke badlao ke [[User:Suyash.dwivedi|Suyash.dwivedi]] ke aakhri badlao ke jaise kar dewa gais hai.
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[[File:Internet map 1024.jpg|thumb|190px|Internet ke [[chhapa]]]]
'''Internet''' dher [[computer network|jon ki ek dusre se jurra hae, ke bola jaawe hae. Internet ke kaam me laae ke jaankari haali se duniya ke koi des ke computer me bheja jaawe sake hae.
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Internet| ]]
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1792
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'''1792''' ek leap saal rahaa jon ki [[:wikt:etwaar|etwaar]] ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.
== Ghatna ==
* [[United States|America]] ke duusra Presidential election me [[George Washington]] ke fir se President chuna gais.
[[Image:Federalist Cockade.svg|right|100px|thumb|Federalist Party]]
* [[United States]] ke pahila political party, [[Federalist Party]] ke suruu karaa gais rahaa.
*[[Thomas Jefferson]] aur [[James Madison]], [[America]] ke duusra political party, [[Democratic-Republican Party]] ke banain.
[[Image:Tricolour Cockade.svg|right|100px|thumb|Democratic-Republican Party]]
== Janam ==
[[File:Rossini_young-circa-1815.jpg|thumb|Rossini|80px|left]]
* [[29 February]] - '''[[Gioachino Rossini]]''', [[Italy]] ke [[sangeetkaar]] ke janam bhais rahaa.
== Maut ==
== References ==
<references/>
{{Template:YEARS}}
[[Category:Chronology|1792]]
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1810
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'''1810''' (MDCCCX) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa jon [[:wikt:sombaar|sombaar]] ke din suruu bhais rahaa. Ii 2nd millennium ke 810th saal rahaa, [[19th century]] ke 10th saal rahaa aur [[1810s]] dassak ke 1st saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1866-1867, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1731-1732, Kali Yuga ke 4910-4911, Islamic calendar ke 1224-1225, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 342 saal rahaa.
== Ghatna ==
== Janam ==
[[File:Robert_Schumann_1839.jpg|right|80px|thumb|Schumann]]
* [[8 June]] - '''[[Robert Schumann]]''', [[Germany]] ke [[sangeetkaar]] ke janam Saxony me bhais rahaa.
[[file:Fanny_Elssler.jpg|left|80px|thumb|Elssler]]
* [[23 June]] - '''[[Fanny Elssler]]''', [[Austria]]n ballerina ke janam [[Vienna]] me bhais rahaa.
== Maut ==
* [[5 December]] - '''[[Kumara Swamy Desikar]]''', [[India ]] ke philosopher ke maut [[Kanchipuram]] me bhais rahaa. (janam ([[8 October]] [[1711]])
== References ==
<references/>
<br />
{{YEARS}}
[[Vibhag:1]]
[[Vibhag:1810| ]]
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sadasya ke baat:Bhupen76
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New user message
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Adding [[Template:Welcome|welcome message]] to new user's talk page
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{{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=Bhupen76}}
-- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 15:27, 10 August 2026 (UTC)
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vibhag:Czechia ke sangeetkaar
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Panna jisme "[[Vibhag:Czechia ke log]] [[Vibhag:Sangeetkaar]]" hae ke banae dewa gais hae.
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[[Vibhag:Czechia ke log]]
[[Vibhag:Sangeetkaar]]
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Felix Mendelssohn
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Panna jisme "{{Infobox classical composer | name = Felix Mendelssohn | image = Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy by Eduard Magnus (1833).jpg | alt = | birth_date = {{birth date|1809|02|03|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Hamburg]] | death_date = {{death date and age|1847|11|04|1809|02|03|df=y}} | death_place = [[Leipzig]] | occupation = {{hlist|Composer|pianist|organist|conductor}} | works..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae.
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{{Infobox classical composer
| name = Felix Mendelssohn
| image = Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy by Eduard Magnus (1833).jpg
| alt =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1809|02|03|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Hamburg]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1847|11|04|1809|02|03|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Leipzig]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Composer|pianist|organist|conductor}}
| works = [[List of compositions by Felix Mendelssohn|List of compositions]]
| signature = Felix Mendelssohn Signature.png
}}
'''Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy'''{{refn|{{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɛ|n|d|əl|s|ən|,_|-|z|oʊ|n}} {{respell|MEN|dəl|sən|,_-|zohn}};<ref>{{Cite Dictionary.com|Mendelssohn}}</ref> {{IPA|de|ˈjaːkɔp ˈluːtvɪç ˈfeːlɪks ˈmɛndl̩szoːn baʁˈtɔldi|lang}}|group=n}} ([[3 February]] [[1809]]{{spaced ndash}}[[4 November]] [[1847]]), jiske jaada kar ke '''Felix Mendelssohn''' ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa,{{refn|The overwhelming majority of printed sources in English (e.g. see sources in references, and listings of recordings), use the form "Mendelssohn" and not "Mendelssohn Bartholdy". ''The [[Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians]]'' gives {{nowrap|"(Jakob}} Ludwig) Felix Mendelssohn{{nowrap|(-Bartholdy)"}} as the entry title, with "Mendelssohn" used in the body text. In German and some other languages the surname "Mendelssohn Bartholdy" (sometimes hyphenated) is generally used.|group=n}} [[Germany]] ke ek sangeetkaar, pianist, organist aur conductor of the early [[Romantic music|Romantic era]] rahaa. Mendelssohn ke sangeet me [[symphony|symphonies]], concertos, piano music, organ music aur [[chamber music]] rahaa. Uske sabse jaada jaana jaawe waala kaam me hae [[Octet (Mendelssohn)|String Octet]], [[A Midsummer Night's Dream (Mendelssohn)|overture and incidental music]] ''[[A Midsummer Night's Dream]]'' ke khaatir (which includes his "[[Wedding March (Mendelssohn)|Wedding March]]"), ''[[Symphony No. 4 (Mendelssohn)|Italian]]'' aur ''[[Symphony No. 3 (Mendelssohn)|Scottish]]'' Symphonies, [[oratorio]]s ''[[St. Paul (oratorio)|St. Paul]]'' aur ''[[Elijah (oratorio)|Elijah]]'', ''[[The Hebrides (overture)|Hebrides]]'' Overture, the mature [[Violin Concerto (Mendelssohn)|Violin Concerto]], aur jiske [[Christmas carol]] "[[Hark! The Herald Angels Sing]]" me kaam me laawa gais hae. Mendelssohn ke ''[[Songs Without Words]]'', uske sab se famous solo piano compositions hae.
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Vibhag:M]]
[[Vibhag:Germany ke sangeetkaar]]
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{{Infobox classical composer
| name = Felix Mendelssohn
| image = Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy by Eduard Magnus (1833).jpg
| alt =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1809|02|03|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Hamburg]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1847|11|04|1809|02|03|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Leipzig]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Composer|pianist|organist|conductor}}
| works = [[List of compositions by Felix Mendelssohn|List of compositions]]
| signature = Felix Mendelssohn Signature.png
}}
'''Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy'''{{refn|{{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɛ|n|d|əl|s|ən|,_|-|z|oʊ|n}} {{respell|MEN|dəl|sən|,_-|zohn}};{{IPA|de|ˈjaːkɔp ˈluːtvɪç ˈfeːlɪks ˈmɛndl̩szoːn baʁˈtɔldi|lang}}}} ([[3 February]] [[1809]]{{spaced ndash}}[[4 November]] [[1847]]), jiske jaada kar ke '''Felix Mendelssohn''' ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa,{{refn|The overwhelming majority of printed sources in English (e.g. see sources in references, and listings of recordings), use the form "Mendelssohn" and not "Mendelssohn Bartholdy". ''The [[Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians]]'' gives {{nowrap|"(Jakob}} Ludwig) Felix Mendelssohn{{nowrap|(-Bartholdy)"}} as the entry title, with "Mendelssohn" used in the body text. In German and some other languages the surname "Mendelssohn Bartholdy" (sometimes hyphenated) is generally used.}} [[Germany]] ke ek sangeetkaar, pianist, organist aur conductor of the early [[Romantic music|Romantic era]] rahaa. Mendelssohn ke sangeet me [[symphony|symphonies]], concertos, piano music, organ music aur [[chamber music]] rahaa. Uske sabse jaada jaana jaawe waala kaam me hae [[Octet (Mendelssohn)|String Octet]], [[A Midsummer Night's Dream (Mendelssohn)|overture and incidental music]] ''[[A Midsummer Night's Dream]]'' ke khaatir (which includes his "[[Wedding March (Mendelssohn)|Wedding March]]"), ''[[Symphony No. 4 (Mendelssohn)|Italian]]'' aur ''[[Symphony No. 3 (Mendelssohn)|Scottish]]'' Symphonies, [[oratorio]]s ''[[St. Paul (oratorio)|St. Paul]]'' aur ''[[Elijah (oratorio)|Elijah]]'', ''[[The Hebrides (overture)|Hebrides]]'' Overture, the mature [[Violin Concerto (Mendelssohn)|Violin Concerto]], aur jiske [[Christmas carol]] "[[Hark! The Herald Angels Sing]]" me kaam me laawa gais hae. Mendelssohn ke ''[[Songs Without Words]]'', uske sab se famous solo piano compositions hae.
==References==
{{reflist}}
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Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky
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Panna jisme "[[File:Modest Musorgskiy, 1870.jpg|thumb|upright|{{center|Mussorgsky, {{c.|1870}}<br /> [[File:MussorgskySignature.png|frameless]]}}|alt=]] '''Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky'''{{family name footnote|Petrovich|Mussorgsky|lang=Eastern Slavic}} ({{IPAc-en|m|ʊ|ˈ|s|ɔr|g|s|k|i|,_|-|ˈ|z|ɔr|g|-}}; {{IPA|ru|mɐˈdɛst pʲɪˈtrovʲɪtɕ ˈmusərkskʲɪj|IPA|Ru-Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky version.ogg}}; {{OldStyleDate|21 March|1839|9 March}} – {{OldStyle..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae.
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[[File:Modest Musorgskiy, 1870.jpg|thumb|upright|{{center|Mussorgsky, {{c.|1870}}<br />
[[File:MussorgskySignature.png|frameless]]}}|alt=]]
'''Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky'''{{family name footnote|Petrovich|Mussorgsky|lang=Eastern Slavic}} ({{IPAc-en|m|ʊ|ˈ|s|ɔr|g|s|k|i|,_|-|ˈ|z|ɔr|g|-}}; {{IPA|ru|mɐˈdɛst pʲɪˈtrovʲɪtɕ ˈmusərkskʲɪj|IPA|Ru-Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky version.ogg}}; {{OldStyleDate|21 March|1839|9 March}} – {{OldStyleDate|28 March|1881|16 March}}) [[Russia]] ke ek sangeetkaar rahaa, jon uu group ke rahaa jiske "[[The Five (composers)|The Five]]" ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa. Uu Russian sangeet ke ek innovator [[Romantic music|Romantic period]] me rahaa aur kosis karis rahaa ek uniquely Russian musical identity banae ke, jon jaada kar ke in deliberate defiance of the established conventions of Western music rahaa.
{{BD|1839|1881|Mussorgsky, Modest Petrovich}}
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[[File:Modest Musorgskiy, 1870.jpg|thumb|upright|{{center|Mussorgsky, {{c.|1870}}<br />
[[File:MussorgskySignature.png|frameless]]}}|alt=]]
'''Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky''' ({{IPAc-en|m|ʊ|ˈ|s|ɔr|g|s|k|i|,_|-|ˈ|z|ɔr|g|-}}; {{IPA|ru|mɐˈdɛst pʲɪˈtrovʲɪtɕ ˈmusərkskʲɪj|IPA|Ru-Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky version.ogg}}; {{OldStyleDate|21 March|1839|9 March}} – {{OldStyleDate|28 March|1881|16 March}}) [[Russia]] ke ek sangeetkaar rahaa, jon uu group ke rahaa jiske "[[The Five (composers)|The Five]]" ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa. Uu Russian sangeet ke ek innovator [[Romantic music|Romantic period]] me rahaa aur kosis karis rahaa ek uniquely Russian musical identity banae ke, jon jaada kar ke in deliberate defiance of the established conventions of Western music rahaa.
{{BD|1839|1881|Mussorgsky, Modest Petrovich}}
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[[File:Modest Musorgskiy, 1870.jpg|thumb|upright|{{center|Mussorgsky, {{c.|1870}}<br />
[[File:MussorgskySignature.png|frameless]]}}|alt=]]
'''Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky''' ({{IPAc-en|m|ʊ|ˈ|s|ɔr|g|s|k|i|,_|-|ˈ|z|ɔr|g|-}}; {{IPA|ru|mɐˈdɛst pʲɪˈtrovʲɪtɕ ˈmusərkskʲɪj|IPA|Ru-Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky version.ogg}}; {{OldStyleDate|21 March|1839|9 March}} – {{OldStyleDate|28 March|1881|16 March}}) [[Russia]] ke ek [[sangeetkaar]] rahaa, jon uu group ke rahaa jiske "[[The Five (composers)|The Five]]" ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa. Uu Russian sangeet ke ek innovator [[Romantic music|Romantic period]] me rahaa aur kosis karis rahaa ek uniquely Russian musical identity banae ke, jon jaada kar ke in deliberate defiance of the established conventions of Western music rahaa.
{{BD|1839|1881|Mussorgsky, Modest Petrovich}}
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Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
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{{Infobox classical composer
| name = Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
| image = Rimsky-Korsakov Serow crop.png
| alt = Head of a man with dark greying hair, glasses and a long beard
| caption = 1898 portrait
| signature = Rimsky-Korsakov Signature.png
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1844|03|18}}
| birth_place = [[Tikhvin]], Russia
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1908|06|21|1844|03|18}}
| death_place = [[Luga, Leningrad Oblast|Luga]], Russia
| list_of_works = [[List of compositions by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov|List of compositions]]
| spouse = [[Nadezhda Rimskaya-Korsakova]]
| children = 3, including [[Andrey Rimsky-Korsakov|Andrey]]
| relatives = [[Voin Rimsky-Korsakov]] (brother)
}}
'''Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov''' ([[18 March]] [[1844]] – [[21 June]] [[1908]]) [[Russia]] ke ek sangeetkaar rahaa, jon ek group of composers jiske [[The Five (composers)|The Five]] ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa, ke member rahaa. Uske sab se jaada jaana-maana orchestral compositions—''[[Capriccio Espagnol]]'', ''[[Russian Easter Festival Overture]]'', aur symphonic [[suite (music)|suite]] ''[[Scheherazade (Rimsky-Korsakov)|Scheherazade]]''—restaples of the classical music repertoire, along with suites and excerpts from some of his fifteen operas hae. ''Scheherazade'' is an example of his frequent use of [[fairy tale|fairy-tale]] and [[folklore|folk subjects]]. Uu sangeetkaar, [[Nadezhda Rimskaya-Korsakova]] ke admii rahaa.
{{BD|1844|1908|Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai}}
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{{Infobox classical composer
| name = Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
| image = Rimsky-Korsakov Serow crop.png
| alt = Head of a man with dark greying hair, glasses and a long beard
| caption = 1898 portrait
| signature = Rimsky-Korsakov Signature.png
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1844|03|18}}
| birth_place = [[Tikhvin]], Russia
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1908|06|21|1844|03|18}}
| death_place = [[Luga, Leningrad Oblast|Luga]], Russia
| list_of_works = [[List of compositions by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov|List of compositions]]
| spouse = [[Nadezhda Rimskaya-Korsakova]]
| children = 3, including [[Andrey Rimsky-Korsakov|Andrey]]
| relatives = [[Voin Rimsky-Korsakov]] (brother)
}}
'''Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov''' ([[18 March]] [[1844]] – [[21 June]] [[1908]]) [[Russia]] ke ek [[sangeetkaar]] rahaa, jon ek group of composers jiske [[The Five (composers)|The Five]] ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa, ke member rahaa. Uske sab se jaada jaana-maana orchestral compositions—''[[Capriccio Espagnol]]'', ''[[Russian Easter Festival Overture]]'', aur symphonic [[suite (music)|suite]] ''[[Scheherazade (Rimsky-Korsakov)|Scheherazade]]''—restaples of the classical music repertoire, along with suites and excerpts from some of his fifteen operas hae. ''Scheherazade'' is an example of his frequent use of [[fairy tale|fairy-tale]] and [[folklore|folk subjects]]. Uu sangeetkaar, [[Nadezhda Rimskaya-Korsakova]] ke admii rahaa.
{{BD|1844|1908|Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai}}
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[[Vibhag:Russia ke sangeetkaar]]
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vibhag:1908 maut
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Panna jisme "[[Vibhag:1908]] [[Vibhag:Maut]]" hae ke banae dewa gais hae.
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[[Vibhag:1908]]
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Gioachino Rossini
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Panna jisme "[[File:Rossini young-circa-1815.jpg|thumb|alt=Oil painting of head and torso of Rossini with medium length dark hair|Rossini as a young man, {{circa|1810–1815}}]] '''Gioachino{{refn|According to his baptismal certificate, Rossini's first name was originally ''Giovacchino'',{{sfn|Servadio|2003|p=84}} and he is so referred to in at least one later document from his early years.{{sfn|Kendall|1992|p=9}} In the ''Cambridge Companion to Rossini'', the..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae.
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[[File:Rossini young-circa-1815.jpg|thumb|alt=Oil painting of head and torso of Rossini with medium length dark hair|Rossini as a young man, {{circa|1810–1815}}]]
'''Gioachino{{refn|According to his baptismal certificate, Rossini's first name was originally ''Giovacchino'',{{sfn|Servadio|2003|p=84}} and he is so referred to in at least one later document from his early years.{{sfn|Kendall|1992|p=9}} In the ''Cambridge Companion to Rossini'', the editor, Emanuele Senici, writes that Rossini spelt the name variously as ''Gioachino'' or ''Gioacchino'' in his early years, before finally settling on the former in the 1830s. The latter spelling is now more usual among bearers of the forename, but Rossini experts generally regard ''Gioachino'' as the appropriate form so far as the composer is concerned.{{sfn|Senici|2004|p=xiv}} Among the authorities favouring that spelling are the Fondazione G. Rossini in Pisa,{{sfn|Fondazione G. Rossini}} the ''[[Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians]]'',{{sfn|Gossett|2001|loc= Introduction}} and the Centro Italo-Americano per l'Opera (CIAO).{{sfn|Centro Italo-Americano per l'Opera }} }} Antonio Rossini'''{{refn|Pronunciation: {{IPAc-en|UK|ˌ|dʒ|oʊ|ə|ˈ|k|iː|n|oʊ|_|r|ɒ|ˈ|s|iː|n|i}},<ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Rossini,+Gioacchino+Antonio |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501140226/https://www.lexico.com/definition/rossini,_gioacchino_antonio?s=t |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 May 2021 |title=Rossini, Gioacchino Antonio |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref><ref name="Collins">{{cite web|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/rossini|title=Rossini|work=[[Collins English Dictionary]]|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|access-date=17 August 2019}}</ref><ref name="Longman">{{cite web|url=https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/gioacchino-rossini|title=Rossini, Gioacchino|work=[[Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English]]|publisher=[[Longman]]|access-date=17 August 2019}}</ref> {{IPAc-en|US|-|_|r|oʊ|ˈ|-|,_|r|ə|ˈ|-|,_|r|ɔː|ˈ|-}};<ref name="Collins"/><ref name="Longman"/><ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Rossini|access-date=17 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Rossini|access-date=17 August 2019}}</ref> {{IPA|it|dʒoaˈkiːno anˈtɔːnjo rosˈsiːni|lang|It-Gioachino Rossini.oga}}.}} ([[29 February]] [[1792]] – [[13 November]] [[1868]]) [[Italy]] ke ek sangeetkaar aur conductor rahaa, late [[Classical period (music)|Classical]] aur early [[Romantic music|Romantic]] era ke. Jab uske jaada fame mila [[List of operas by Gioachino Rossini|his 39 operas]] ke khaatir, uu dher [[chamber music]] bhi likhis rahaa, piano, and kuchh [[Church music|sacred music]] bhi. Uu nawaa standard set karis rahaa, duuno comic aur serious opera me, large-scale sangeet likhe ke band kare se pahile, jab uu aapan thirties me rahaa, aapan popularity ke chotii pe.
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BD|1792|1868|Rossini, Giaochino Antonio}}
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Sangeetkaar
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Panna jisme "[[File:Copertina Compositori completa.png|thumb|479x479px|Most important composers: '''Pahila row:''' [[Guido of Arezzo]], [[Hildegard of Bingen]], [[Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina]], [[Orlando di Lasso]], [[Claudio Monteverdi|Claudio Monteverdi.]] '''Duusra row:''' [[Antonio Vivaldi]], [[Johann Sebastian Bach]], [[Domenico Scarlatti]], [[George Frideric Handel]], [[Joseph Haydn|Joseph Haydn.]] '''Tiisra row:''' [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]], Ludw..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae.
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[[File:Copertina Compositori completa.png|thumb|479x479px|Most important composers: '''Pahila row:''' [[Guido of Arezzo]], [[Hildegard of Bingen]], [[Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina]], [[Orlando di Lasso]], [[Claudio Monteverdi|Claudio Monteverdi.]] '''Duusra row:''' [[Antonio Vivaldi]], [[Johann Sebastian Bach]], [[Domenico Scarlatti]], [[George Frideric Handel]], [[Joseph Haydn|Joseph Haydn.]] '''Tiisra row:''' [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]], [[Ludwig van Beethoven]], [[Niccolò Paganini]], [[Hector Berlioz]], [[Frédéric Chopin]]. '''Chauthaa row:''' [[Franz Liszt]], [[Giuseppe Verdi]], [[Richard Wagner]], [[Claude Debussy]], [[Erik Satie|Erik Satie.]] '''Paanchwa row:''' [[Sergei Rachmaninoff]], [[Arnold Schoenberg]], [[George Gershwin]], [[Philip Glass]], [[Ludovico Einaudi]].]]
'''Sangeetkaar''', uu hae jon sangeet ke likhe hae. <ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=compose (v.) |encyclopedia=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]] |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/compose |access-date=4 April 2022 }}</ref>
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Johann Strauss II
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{{Infobox person
| name = Johann Strauss II
| image = Johann Strauss II by Fritz Luckhardt 3-4 crop.jpg
| caption = Strauss in 1876
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1825|10|25|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Vienna]], [[Austrian Empire]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1899|06|03|1825|10|25|df=y}}
| death_place = Vienna, Austria-Hungary
| resting_place = [[Vienna Central Cemetery]]
| occupation = Composer
|
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|[[Henrietta Treffz]]|1862|1878|reason=died}}
* {{marriage|Angelika Dittrich|1878|1882|reason=div}}
* {{marriage|Adele Deutsch|1887}}
}}
| father = [[Johann Strauss I]]
| relatives = {{plainlist|
* [[Josef Strauss]] (brother)
* [[Eduard Strauss]] (brother)
}}
| signature = Johann Strauss II signature.jpg
}}
'''Johann Baptist Strauss II''' ({{IPAc-en|s|t|r|aʊ|s}}; {{IPA|de|ˈjoːhan bapˈtɪst ˈʃtʁaʊs|lang}}; [[25 October]] [[1825]] – [[3 June]] [[1899]]), jiske '''Johann Strauss Jr.''', '''the Younger''' nai to '''the Son''' ke naam se jaana jaawe hae , [[Austria]] ke ek [[sangeetkaar]] [[light music]] ke, khaas kar ke [[dance music]] aur [[operetta]]s, aur ek violinist bhi rahaa. Uu 500 se jaada [[waltz]]es, [[polka]]s, [[quadrille]]s, [[March (music)|marches]] aur duusra rakam kef dance music ke likhis rahaa, aur iske saathe dher operettas aur ek ballet bhi likhis rahaa.
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BD|1825|1899|Strauss, Johann}}
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