Wikipedia hifwiki https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahila_Panna MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.16 first-letter saadhan khaas baat sadasya sadasya ke baat Wikipedia Wikipedia baat file file ke baat MediaWiki MediaWiki ke baat Template Template ke baat madat madat ke baat vibhag voibhag ke baat TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 6749 337518 323849 2026-08-23T09:59:11Z Hanga1966 35932 337518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | native_name = {{langn|zh|漢}} | conventional_long_name = Han | common_name = Han | era = [[History of China|Imperial]] | status = Empire | government_type = [[Monarchy]] | year_start = 202 BC | year_end = 220 AD | event_start = [[Battle of Gaixia]]; Liu Bang proclaimed [[Emperor of China|emperor]] | event_end = Abdication to [[Cao Wei]] | life_span = {{plainlist| * 202 BC – 9 AD; 25–220 AD * {{nwr|{{nobold|(9–23 AD: [[Xin dynasty|Xin]])}}}} }} | p1 = Qin dynasty | p2 = Eighteen Kingdoms | p3 = Ailao Kingdom | p4 = Dian kingdom | s1 = Cao Wei | s2 = Shu Han | s3 = Eastern Wu | event_pre = [[Xiang Yu]] appointed [[Liu Bang]] as King of Han | date_pre = 206 BC | event1 = [[Xin dynasty]] | date_event1 = 9–23 AD | stat_year1 = 50 BC ({{est.}} Western Han peak){{sfnp|Taagepera|1979|p=128}} | stat_area1 = 6000000 | stat_year2 = 2 AD{{sfnmp|Nishijima|1986|1pp=595–596|Bielenstein|1987|2p=14}} | stat_pop2 = 57,671,400 | stat_year3 = 100 AD ({{est.}} Eastern Han peak){{sfnp|Taagepera|1979|p=128}} | stat_area3 = 6500000 | image_map = Han Dynasty 2 BC (cropped).svg | image_map_caption = The Western Han dynasty in 2&nbsp;AD{{sfnp|Barnes|2007|p=63}} {{plainlist| * {{color box|#0000ff}} Principalities and centrally-administered [[Commandery (China)|commanderies]] * {{color box|#0080ff}} [[Protectorate of the Western Regions]] ([[Tarim Basin]]) }} | capital = {{ubli|[[Chang'an]] (206 BC – 9 AD, 190–195 AD)|[[Luoyang]] (23–190 AD, 196 AD)|[[Xuchang]] (196–220 AD)}} | common_languages = [[Old Chinese]] | religion = {{hlist|[[Chinese folk religion]]|[[Taoism]]|[[Buddhism in China|Buddhism]]}} | currency = {{ubl|[[Ban Liang coin]]s|[[Wu Zhu coin]]s}} | leader1 = [[Emperor Gaozu of Han|Emperor Gaozu]] | leader2 = [[Emperor Wu of Han|Emperor Wu]] | leader3 = [[Emperor Xuan of Han|Emperor Xuan]] | leader4 = [[Emperor Guangwu]] | leader5 = [[Emperor Xian]] | year_leader1 = 202–195 BC (first) | year_leader2 = 141–87 BC | year_leader3 = 74–48 BC | year_leader4 = 25–57 AD | year_leader5 = 189–220 AD (last) | title_leader = [[List of emperors of the Han dynasty|Emperor]] <!-- Please do not alter any information below this line --> | deputy1 = [[Xiao He]] | deputy2 = [[Cao Shen]] | deputy3 = [[Dong Zhuo]] | deputy4 = [[Cao Cao]] | deputy5 = [[Cao Pi]] | year_deputy1 = 206–193 BC | year_deputy2 = 193–190 BC | year_deputy3 = 189–192 AD | year_deputy4 = 208–220 AD | year_deputy5 = 220 AD | title_deputy = [[Grand chancellor (China)|Chancellor]] <!-- Please do not alter any information above this line --> | }} '''Han Samrajya''' [[202 BC]] me taagat me aais. Ii logan [[Confucianism]] aur Legalism ke maanat rahin. Iske Han Sythesis bola jaawat rahaa. Ii dynasty ke niche, [[China]] arts aur science me tarakki karis. Ii [[samrajya]] barraa hote gais. [[China]] duusra des se trade kare lagaa. Merchant log [[Silk Road]] le ke [[China]] pahunchin. Ii dynasty ke time China me [[Buddhism]] aais. == Duusra websites == * [http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/early_imperial_china/han.html Han Dynasty by Minnesota State University] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710041505/http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/early_imperial_china/han.html |date=2009-07-10 }} * [http://uberaccidentlawyer.xyz/uber-accident-lawyer/ uber accident lawyer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703072353/https://uberaccidentlawyer.xyz/uber-accident-lawyer/ |date=2022-07-03 }} Minnesota State University * [https://azdekorasyon.com Dekorasyon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801095340/https://azdekorasyon.com/ |date=2022-08-01 }} * [http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-han.cfm Han Dynasty art with video commentary, Minneapolis Institute of Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194901/http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-han.cfm |date=2007-09-27 }} [[Category:H]] [[Category:China ke itihaas]] [[Category:Purana itihaas]] lited2rpn0g3qs8o7ohsl1840g4tqtb 337521 337518 2026-08-23T10:06:39Z Hanga1966 35932 337521 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | native_name = 漢 | conventional_long_name = Han | common_name = Han | era = [[History of China|Imperial]] | status = Empire | government_type = [[Monarchy]] | year_start = 202 BC | year_end = 220 AD | event_start = [[Battle of Gaixia]]; Liu Bang proclaimed [[Emperor of China|emperor]] | event_end = Abdication to [[Cao Wei]] | life_span = {{plainlist| * 202 BC – 9 AD; 25–220 AD * }} | p1 = Qin dynasty | p2 = Eighteen Kingdoms | p3 = Ailao Kingdom | p4 = Dian kingdom | s1 = Cao Wei | s2 = Shu Han | s3 = Eastern Wu | event_pre = [[Xiang Yu]] appointed [[Liu Bang]] as King of Han | date_pre = 206 BC | event1 = [[Xin dynasty]] | date_event1 = 9–23 AD | stat_year1 = 50 BC ({{est.}} Western Han peak){{sfnp|Taagepera|1979|p=128}} | stat_area1 = 6000000 | stat_year2 = 2 AD{{sfnmp|Nishijima|1986|1pp=595–596|Bielenstein|1987|2p=14}} | stat_pop2 = 57,671,400 | stat_year3 = 100 AD ({{est.}} Eastern Han peak){{sfnp|Taagepera|1979|p=128}} | stat_area3 = 6500000 | image_map = Han Dynasty 2 BC (cropped).svg | image_map_caption = The Western Han dynasty in 2&nbsp;AD{{sfnp|Barnes|2007|p=63}} {{plainlist| * {{color box|#0000ff}} Principalities and centrally-administered [[Commandery (China)|commanderies]] * {{color box|#0080ff}} [[Protectorate of the Western Regions]] ([[Tarim Basin]]) }} | capital = {{ubli|[[Chang'an]] (206 BC – 9 AD, 190–195 AD)|[[Luoyang]] (23–190 AD, 196 AD)|[[Xuchang]] (196–220 AD)}} | common_languages = [[Old Chinese]] | religion = {{hlist|[[Chinese folk religion]]|[[Taoism]]|[[Buddhism in China|Buddhism]]}} | currency = {{ubl|[[Ban Liang coin]]s|[[Wu Zhu coin]]s}} | leader1 = [[Emperor Gaozu of Han|Emperor Gaozu]] | leader2 = [[Emperor Wu of Han|Emperor Wu]] | leader3 = [[Emperor Xuan of Han|Emperor Xuan]] | leader4 = [[Emperor Guangwu]] | leader5 = [[Emperor Xian]] | year_leader1 = 202–195 BC (first) | year_leader2 = 141–87 BC | year_leader3 = 74–48 BC | year_leader4 = 25–57 AD | year_leader5 = 189–220 AD (last) | title_leader = [[List of emperors of the Han dynasty|Emperor]] <!-- Please do not alter any information below this line --> | deputy1 = [[Xiao He]] | deputy2 = [[Cao Shen]] | deputy3 = [[Dong Zhuo]] | deputy4 = [[Cao Cao]] | deputy5 = [[Cao Pi]] | year_deputy1 = 206–193 BC | year_deputy2 = 193–190 BC | year_deputy3 = 189–192 AD | year_deputy4 = 208–220 AD | year_deputy5 = 220 AD | title_deputy = [[Grand chancellor (China)|Chancellor]] <!-- Please do not alter any information above this line --> | }} '''Han Samrajya''' [[202 BC]] me taagat me aais. Ii logan [[Confucianism]] aur Legalism ke maanat rahin. Iske Han Sythesis bola jaawat rahaa. Ii dynasty ke niche, [[China]] arts aur science me tarakki karis. Ii [[samrajya]] barraa hote gais. [[China]] duusra des se trade kare lagaa. Merchant log [[Silk Road]] le ke [[China]] pahunchin. Ii dynasty ke time China me [[Buddhism]] aais. == Duusra websites == * [http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/early_imperial_china/han.html Han Dynasty by Minnesota State University] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710041505/http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/early_imperial_china/han.html |date=2009-07-10 }} * [http://uberaccidentlawyer.xyz/uber-accident-lawyer/ uber accident lawyer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703072353/https://uberaccidentlawyer.xyz/uber-accident-lawyer/ |date=2022-07-03 }} Minnesota State University * [https://azdekorasyon.com Dekorasyon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801095340/https://azdekorasyon.com/ |date=2022-08-01 }} * [http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-han.cfm Han Dynasty art with video commentary, Minneapolis Institute of Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194901/http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-han.cfm |date=2007-09-27 }} [[Category:H]] [[Category:China ke itihaas]] [[Category:Purana itihaas]] hv3rmae0fh5x9raqzds118ilu95ze7r 337524 337521 2026-08-23T10:11:08Z Hanga1966 35932 337524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | native_name = 漢 | conventional_long_name = Han | common_name = Han | era = [[History of China|Imperial]] | status = Empire | government_type = [[Monarchy]] | year_start = 202 BC | year_end = 220 AD | event_start = [[Battle of Gaixia]]; Liu Bang proclaimed [[Emperor of China|emperor]] | event_end = Abdication to [[Cao Wei]] | life_span = {{plainlist| * 202 BC – 9 AD; 25–220 AD * }} | p1 = Qin dynasty | p2 = Eighteen Kingdoms | p3 = Ailao Kingdom | p4 = Dian kingdom | s1 = Cao Wei | s2 = Shu Han | s3 = Eastern Wu | event_pre = [[Xiang Yu]] appointed [[Liu Bang]] as King of Han | date_pre = 206 BC | event1 = [[Xin dynasty]] | date_event1 = 9–23 AD | stat_year1 = 50 BC ({{est.}} Western Han peak){{sfnp|Taagepera|1979|p=128}} | stat_area1 = 6000000 | stat_year2 = 2 AD | stat_pop2 = 57,671,400 | stat_year3 = 100 AD ({{est.}} Eastern Han peak) | stat_area3 = 6500000 | image_map = Han Dynasty 2 BC (cropped).svg | image_map_caption = The Western Han dynasty in 2&nbsp;AD{{sfnp|Barnes|2007|p=63}} {{plainlist| * {{color box|#0000ff}} Principalities and centrally-administered [[Commandery (China)|commanderies]] * {{color box|#0080ff}} [[Protectorate of the Western Regions]] ([[Tarim Basin]]) }} | capital = {{ubli|[[Chang'an]] (206 BC – 9 AD, 190–195 AD)|[[Luoyang]] (23–190 AD, 196 AD)|[[Xuchang]] (196–220 AD)}} | common_languages = [[Old Chinese]] | religion = {{hlist|[[Chinese folk religion]]|[[Taoism]]|[[Buddhism in China|Buddhism]]}} | currency = {{ubl|[[Ban Liang coin]]s|[[Wu Zhu coin]]s}} | leader1 = [[Emperor Gaozu of Han|Emperor Gaozu]] | leader2 = [[Emperor Wu of Han|Emperor Wu]] | leader3 = [[Emperor Xuan of Han|Emperor Xuan]] | leader4 = [[Emperor Guangwu]] | leader5 = [[Emperor Xian]] | year_leader1 = 202–195 BC (first) | year_leader2 = 141–87 BC | year_leader3 = 74–48 BC | year_leader4 = 25–57 AD | year_leader5 = 189–220 AD (last) | title_leader = [[List of emperors of the Han dynasty|Emperor]] <!-- Please do not alter any information below this line --> | deputy1 = [[Xiao He]] | deputy2 = [[Cao Shen]] | deputy3 = [[Dong Zhuo]] | deputy4 = [[Cao Cao]] | deputy5 = [[Cao Pi]] | year_deputy1 = 206–193 BC | year_deputy2 = 193–190 BC | year_deputy3 = 189–192 AD | year_deputy4 = 208–220 AD | year_deputy5 = 220 AD | title_deputy = [[Grand chancellor (China)|Chancellor]] <!-- Please do not alter any information above this line --> | }} '''Han Samrajya''' [[202 BC]] me taagat me aais. Ii logan [[Confucianism]] aur Legalism ke maanat rahin. Iske Han Sythesis bola jaawat rahaa. Ii dynasty ke niche, [[China]] arts aur science me tarakki karis. Ii [[samrajya]] barraa hote gais. [[China]] duusra des se trade kare lagaa. Merchant log [[Silk Road]] le ke [[China]] pahunchin. Ii dynasty ke time China me [[Buddhism]] aais. == Duusra websites == * [http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/early_imperial_china/han.html Han Dynasty by Minnesota State University] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710041505/http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/early_imperial_china/han.html |date=2009-07-10 }} * [http://uberaccidentlawyer.xyz/uber-accident-lawyer/ uber accident lawyer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703072353/https://uberaccidentlawyer.xyz/uber-accident-lawyer/ |date=2022-07-03 }} Minnesota State University * [https://azdekorasyon.com Dekorasyon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801095340/https://azdekorasyon.com/ |date=2022-08-01 }} * [http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-han.cfm Han Dynasty art with video commentary, Minneapolis Institute of Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194901/http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-han.cfm |date=2007-09-27 }} [[Category:H]] [[Category:China ke itihaas]] [[Category:Purana itihaas]] o0p02ct4rxk7a694px7ajo8s6diihk9 337525 337524 2026-08-23T10:42:36Z Hanga1966 35932 337525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | native_name = 漢 | conventional_long_name = Han | common_name = Han | era = [[History of China|Imperial]] | status = Empire | government_type = [[Monarchy]] | year_start = 202 BC | year_end = 220 AD | event_start = [[Battle of Gaixia]]; Liu Bang proclaimed [[Emperor of China|emperor]] | event_end = Abdication to [[Cao Wei]] | life_span = {{plainlist| * 202 BC – 9 AD; 25–220 AD * }} | p1 = Qin dynasty | p2 = Eighteen Kingdoms | p3 = Ailao Kingdom | p4 = Dian kingdom | s1 = Cao Wei | s2 = Shu Han | s3 = Eastern Wu | event_pre = [[Xiang Yu]] appointed [[Liu Bang]] as King of Han | date_pre = 206 BC | event1 = [[Xin dynasty]] | date_event1 = 9–23 AD | stat_year1 = 50 BC ({{est.}} Western Han peak){{sfnp|Taagepera|1979|p=128}} | stat_area1 = 6000000 | stat_year2 = 2 AD | stat_pop2 = 57,671,400 | stat_year3 = 100 AD ({{est.}} Eastern Han peak) | stat_area3 = 6500000 | image_map = Han Dynasty 2 BC (cropped).svg | image_map_caption = The Western Han dynasty in 2&nbsp;AD{{sfnp|Barnes|2007|p=63}} {{plainlist| * {{color box|#0000ff}} Principalities and centrally-administered [[Commandery (China)|commanderies]] * {{color box|#0080ff}} [[Protectorate of the Western Regions]] ([[Tarim Basin]]) }} | capital = {{ubli|[[Chang'an]] (206 BC – 9 AD, 190–195 AD)|[[Luoyang]] (23–190 AD, 196 AD)|[[Xuchang]] (196–220 AD)}} | common_languages = [[Old Chinese]] | religion = {{hlist|[[Chinese folk religion]]|[[Taoism]]|[[Buddhism in China|Buddhism]]}} | currency = {{ubl|[[Ban Liang coin]]s|[[Wu Zhu coin]]s}} | leader1 = [[Emperor Gaozu of Han|Emperor Gaozu]] | leader2 = [[Emperor Wu of Han|Emperor Wu]] | leader3 = [[Emperor Xuan of Han|Emperor Xuan]] | leader4 = [[Emperor Guangwu]] | leader5 = [[Emperor Xian]] | year_leader1 = 202–195 BC (first) | year_leader2 = 141–87 BC | year_leader3 = 74–48 BC | year_leader4 = 25–57 AD | year_leader5 = 189–220 AD (last) | title_leader = [[List of emperors of the Han dynasty|Emperor]] <!-- Please do not alter any information below this line --> | deputy1 = [[Xiao He]] | deputy2 = [[Cao Shen]] | deputy3 = [[Dong Zhuo]] | deputy4 = [[Cao Cao]] | deputy5 = [[Cao Pi]] | year_deputy1 = 206–193 BC | year_deputy2 = 193–190 BC | year_deputy3 = 189–192 AD | year_deputy4 = 208–220 AD | year_deputy5 = 220 AD | title_deputy = [[Grand chancellor (China)|Chancellor]] <!-- Please do not alter any information above this line --> | }} '''Han Samrajya''' [[202 BC]] me taagat me aais. Ii logan [[Confucianism]] aur Legalism ke maanat rahin. Iske Han Sythesis bola jaawat rahaa. Ii dynasty ke niche, [[China]] arts aur science me tarakki karis. Ii [[samrajya]] barraa hote gais. [[China]] duusra des se trade kare lagaa. Merchant log [[Silk Road]] le ke [[China]] pahunchin. Ii dynasty ke time China me [[Buddhism]] aais. ==Itihaas== ===Western Han (202 BC – 9 AD)<!--'Western Han' and 'Former Han' redirect here-->=== China ke pahila [[Dynasties in Chinese history|imperial dynasty]] [[Qin dynasty]] (221–206&nbsp;BC) rahaa. Qin China ke [[Warring States]] ke conquer kar ke ek des banae rahin, lekin ii sarkar dagmaae lagaa, pahila emperor [[Qin Shi Huang]] ke maut ke baad. Chaar saal ke biich me, ii samrajya ke authority khalaas hoe gais ek rebellion ke baad.{{sfnp|Ebrey|1999|pp=60–61}} Dui pahile ke virodhi neta, [[Xiang Yu]] [[Kingdom of Chu|Chu]] ke aur [[Liu Bang]] [[Hanzhong|Han]] ke, ek larrai me takkar kare rahin ii determine kare ke khaatir ki China ke uppar kon raaj kari, jon vibhajit hoe ke 18 rajya me hoe gay rahin, jisme se sab chaahe Xiang Yu nai to Liu Bang ke samarthan karat rahaa.{{sfnp|Loewe|1986|pp=116–122}} Jab ki Xiang Yu ek effective commander rahaa, Liu Bang uske [[Battle of Gaixia]] (202&nbsp;BC) me, aaj ke [[Anhui]] me bhais rahaa. Liu Bang [[Emperor of China|the title of Emperor]] liis rahaa uske chela loh ke maang pe aur uske mare ke baad uske [[Emperor Gaozu of Han|Emperor Gaozu]] ke naam se jaana jaawe hae ({{reign|202|195&nbsp;BC}}).{{sfnp|Davis|2001|pp=44–46}} [[Chang'an]] (abhi ke Xi'an) ke [[History of the Han dynasty|reunified empire under Han]] ke nawaa capital chuna gais rahaa.{{sfnp|Loewe|1986|p=122}} [[File:Han dynasty Kingdoms 195 BC.png|thumb|left|upright=1.4|Thirteen direct-controlled [[commandery (China)|commanderies]] including the capital region (yellow) and ten semi-autonomous kingdoms, 195&nbsp;BC]] '''Western Han''' ke suruuwaat me<!--boldface per WP:R#PLA--> ({{zh|t=西漢|s=西汉|p=Xīhàn|first=t}}), jiske '''Former Han'''<!--boldface per WP:R#PLA--> ({{zhi|t=前漢|s=前汉|p=Qiánhàn|first=t}}) ke naam se bhi jaana jaawe hae, terah centrally controlled [[Commandery (China)|commanderies]]—jisme capital region bhi rahaa— western third of the empire me rahaa, jab eastern two-thirds das [[Kings of the Han dynasty|semi-autonomous kingdoms]] me divided rahin.{{sfnp|Loewe|1986|pp=122–125}} Aapan commanders ke manae ke khaatir Chu, Emperor Gaozu ke saathe, jisme se kuchh raja bhi rahin. == Duusra websites == * [http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/early_imperial_china/han.html Han Dynasty by Minnesota State University] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710041505/http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/early_imperial_china/han.html |date=2009-07-10 }} * [http://uberaccidentlawyer.xyz/uber-accident-lawyer/ uber accident lawyer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703072353/https://uberaccidentlawyer.xyz/uber-accident-lawyer/ |date=2022-07-03 }} Minnesota State University * [https://azdekorasyon.com Dekorasyon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801095340/https://azdekorasyon.com/ |date=2022-08-01 }} * [http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-han.cfm Han Dynasty art with video commentary, Minneapolis Institute of Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194901/http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-han.cfm |date=2007-09-27 }} [[Category:H]] [[Category:China ke itihaas]] [[Category:Purana itihaas]] qir1pqltg75uhp3lhnngbrhh00lt0rd 337526 337525 2026-08-23T11:41:29Z Hanga1966 35932 337526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | native_name = 漢 | conventional_long_name = Han | common_name = Han | era = [[History of China|Imperial]] | status = Empire | government_type = [[Monarchy]] | year_start = 202 BC | year_end = 220 AD | event_start = [[Battle of Gaixia]]; Liu Bang proclaimed [[Emperor of China|emperor]] | event_end = Abdication to [[Cao Wei]] | life_span = {{plainlist| * 202 BC – 9 AD; 25–220 AD * }} | p1 = Qin dynasty | p2 = Eighteen Kingdoms | p3 = Ailao Kingdom | p4 = Dian kingdom | s1 = Cao Wei | s2 = Shu Han | s3 = Eastern Wu | event_pre = [[Xiang Yu]] appointed [[Liu Bang]] as King of Han | date_pre = 206 BC | event1 = [[Xin dynasty]] | date_event1 = 9–23 AD | stat_year1 = 50 BC ({{est.}} Western Han peak){{sfnp|Taagepera|1979|p=128}} | stat_area1 = 6000000 | stat_year2 = 2 AD | stat_pop2 = 57,671,400 | stat_year3 = 100 AD ({{est.}} Eastern Han peak) | stat_area3 = 6500000 | image_map = Han Dynasty 2 BC (cropped).svg | image_map_caption = The Western Han dynasty in 2&nbsp;AD{{sfnp|Barnes|2007|p=63}} {{plainlist| * {{color box|#0000ff}} Principalities and centrally-administered [[Commandery (China)|commanderies]] * {{color box|#0080ff}} [[Protectorate of the Western Regions]] ([[Tarim Basin]]) }} | capital = {{ubli|[[Chang'an]] (206 BC – 9 AD, 190–195 AD)|[[Luoyang]] (23–190 AD, 196 AD)|[[Xuchang]] (196–220 AD)}} | common_languages = [[Old Chinese]] | religion = {{hlist|[[Chinese folk religion]]|[[Taoism]]|[[Buddhism in China|Buddhism]]}} | currency = {{ubl|[[Ban Liang coin]]s|[[Wu Zhu coin]]s}} | leader1 = [[Emperor Gaozu of Han|Emperor Gaozu]] | leader2 = [[Emperor Wu of Han|Emperor Wu]] | leader3 = [[Emperor Xuan of Han|Emperor Xuan]] | leader4 = [[Emperor Guangwu]] | leader5 = [[Emperor Xian]] | year_leader1 = 202–195 BC (first) | year_leader2 = 141–87 BC | year_leader3 = 74–48 BC | year_leader4 = 25–57 AD | year_leader5 = 189–220 AD (last) | title_leader = [[List of emperors of the Han dynasty|Emperor]] <!-- Please do not alter any information below this line --> | deputy1 = [[Xiao He]] | deputy2 = [[Cao Shen]] | deputy3 = [[Dong Zhuo]] | deputy4 = [[Cao Cao]] | deputy5 = [[Cao Pi]] | year_deputy1 = 206–193 BC | year_deputy2 = 193–190 BC | year_deputy3 = 189–192 AD | year_deputy4 = 208–220 AD | year_deputy5 = 220 AD | title_deputy = [[Grand chancellor (China)|Chancellor]] <!-- Please do not alter any information above this line --> | }} '''Han Samrajya''' [[202 BC]] me taagat me aais. Ii logan [[Confucianism]] aur Legalism ke maanat rahin. Iske Han Sythesis bola jaawat rahaa. Ii dynasty ke niche, [[China]] arts aur science me tarakki karis. Ii [[samrajya]] barraa hote gais. [[China]] duusra des se trade kare lagaa. Merchant log [[Silk Road]] le ke [[China]] pahunchin. Ii dynasty ke time China me [[Buddhism]] aais. ==Itihaas== ===Western Han (202 BC – 9 AD)<!--'Western Han' and 'Former Han' redirect here-->=== China ke pahila [[Dynasties in Chinese history|imperial dynasty]] [[Qin dynasty]] (221–206&nbsp;BC) rahaa. Qin China ke [[Warring States]] ke conquer kar ke ek des banae rahin, lekin ii sarkar dagmaae lagaa, pahila emperor [[Qin Shi Huang]] ke maut ke baad. Chaar saal ke biich me, ii samrajya ke authority khalaas hoe gais ek rebellion ke baad.{{sfnp|Ebrey|1999|pp=60–61}} Dui pahile ke virodhi neta, [[Xiang Yu]] [[Kingdom of Chu|Chu]] ke aur [[Liu Bang]] [[Hanzhong|Han]] ke, ek larrai me takkar kare rahin ii determine kare ke khaatir ki China ke uppar kon raaj kari, jon vibhajit hoe ke 18 rajya me hoe gay rahin, jisme se sab chaahe Xiang Yu nai to Liu Bang ke samarthan karat rahaa.{{sfnp|Loewe|1986|pp=116–122}} Jab ki Xiang Yu ek effective commander rahaa, Liu Bang uske [[Battle of Gaixia]] (202&nbsp;BC) me, aaj ke [[Anhui]] me bhais rahaa. Liu Bang [[Emperor of China|the title of Emperor]] liis rahaa uske chela loh ke maang pe aur uske mare ke baad uske [[Emperor Gaozu of Han|Emperor Gaozu]] ke naam se jaana jaawe hae ({{reign|202|195&nbsp;BC}}).{{sfnp|Davis|2001|pp=44–46}} [[Chang'an]] (abhi ke Xi'an) ke [[History of the Han dynasty|reunified empire under Han]] ke nawaa capital chuna gais rahaa.{{sfnp|Loewe|1986|p=122}} [[File:Han dynasty Kingdoms 195 BC.png|thumb|left|upright=1.4|Thirteen direct-controlled [[commandery (China)|commanderies]] including the capital region (yellow) and ten semi-autonomous kingdoms, 195&nbsp;BC]] '''Western Han''' ke suruuwaat me<!--boldface per WP:R#PLA--> ({{zh|t=西漢|s=西汉|p=Xīhàn|first=t}}), jiske '''Former Han'''<!--boldface per WP:R#PLA--> ({{zhi|t=前漢|s=前汉|p=Qiánhàn|first=t}}) ke naam se bhi jaana jaawe hae, terah centrally controlled [[Commandery (China)|commanderies]]—jisme capital region bhi rahaa— western third of the empire me rahaa, jab eastern two-thirds das [[Kings of the Han dynasty|semi-autonomous kingdoms]] me divided rahin.{{sfnp|Loewe|1986|pp=122–125}} Aapan commanders ke manae ke khaatir Chu, Emperor Gaozu ke saathe, jisme se kuchh raja bhi rahin. 196 AD talak, Han court ii aur sab raja ke royal [[Liu]] palwaar ke log se fill kar de rahin, [[Changsha Kingdom|Changsha]] ke chhorr ke. Jon log palwaar ke nai rahin, ke samraath ke khaatir wafaadaari ke uppar sawaal karaa gais rahaa,{{sfnp|Loewe|1986|pp=122–125}} aur kuchh vidroh Han ke raja log se—jisme se sab se barra [[Rebellion of the Seven States]] 154 me rahaa—imperial court suruu karis kuchh reforms jisse ii kingdoms ke taagat ke 145 AD me kamtii karaa gais rahaa, aur uu log ke territories ke nawaa commanderies ke baata gais rahaa, jon central control ke niche rahaa.{{sfnp|Loewe|1986|pp=139–144}} Raja logan aapan staff ke apne nai appoint kare sakat rahin , ii duty ke imperial court le liss rahaa.{{sfnp|Bielenstein|1980|p=106}}{{sfnp|Ch'ü|1972|p=76}} Raaja logan khaali naam ke aapan [[fief]] ke aguwaa rahin aur tax tax revenue ke ek hissa ke aapan personal income khaatir rakh lewat rahin.{{sfnp|Bielenstein|1980|p=106}}{{sfnp|Ch'ü|1972|p=76}} Kingdoms ke kabhi puuraa abolish nai karaa gais rahaa aur Western aur Eastern Han ke time talak bhi rahin.{{sfnp|Bielenstein|1980|p=105}} China ke north me, nomadic [[Xiongnu]] chief [[Modu Chanyu]] ({{reign|209|174&nbsp;BC}}) dher tribes jon eastern portion of the [[Eurasian Steppe]] me rahat rahin, ke conquer kar liis rahaa. Uske raaj ke ant talak uu [[Inner Asia]] regions [[Manchuria]], [[Mongolia]], and the [[Tarim Basin]] ke control karat rahaa, jisme uu twenty states east of [[Samarkand]] ke aapan niche kar liis rahaa.{{sfnp|Di Cosmo|2002|pp=175–189, 196–198}}{{sfnp|Torday|1997|pp=80–81}}{{sfnp|Yü|1986|pp=387–388}} Emperor Gaozu dher Han-manufactured iron weapons traded to the Xiongnu along the northern borders ke baare me worried rahaa, aur uu ek trade [[embargo]] ii group ke against karis rahaa.{{sfnp|Torday|1997|pp=75–77}} Iske badle me, Xiongnu invade karis uu jagha jon abhi [[Shanxi]] hae, jahaan pe uu [[Battle of Baideng|defeated the Han forces at Baideng]] 200&nbsp;BC me.{{sfnp|Torday|1997|pp=75–77}}{{sfnp|Di Cosmo|2002|pp=190–192}} Negotiations ke baad, ''[[heqin]]'' agreement 198&nbsp;BC me, duuno Xiongnu aur Han ke neta ke baraabar partners ek royal marriage alliance batais rahaa, lekin Han ke force karaa gais rahaa ki uu dher tribute waala chij, jaisesilk clothes, khaana, aur wine ke Xiongnu bheje.{{sfnp|Yü|1967|pp=9–10}}{{sfnp|Morton|Lewis|2005|p=52}}{{sfnp|Di Cosmo|2002|pp=192–195}} == Duusra websites == * [http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/early_imperial_china/han.html Han Dynasty by Minnesota State University] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710041505/http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/early_imperial_china/han.html |date=2009-07-10 }} * [http://uberaccidentlawyer.xyz/uber-accident-lawyer/ uber accident lawyer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703072353/https://uberaccidentlawyer.xyz/uber-accident-lawyer/ |date=2022-07-03 }} Minnesota State University * [https://azdekorasyon.com Dekorasyon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801095340/https://azdekorasyon.com/ |date=2022-08-01 }} * [http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-han.cfm Han Dynasty art with video commentary, Minneapolis Institute of Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194901/http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-han.cfm |date=2007-09-27 }} [[Category:H]] [[Category:China ke itihaas]] [[Category:Purana itihaas]] dlbhh0c8s3b6odo497tx2ti9pmf1t1w 0 6757 337516 330194 2026-08-23T09:08:45Z Hanga1966 35932 337516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Gupta Empire | common_name = | native_name = | era = Classical India | year_start = {{Circa|240}} | event1 = Coronation of Chandragupta I | date_event1 = 26 February 320<ref name="a006">{{cite web | last=Smith | first=Vincent A | title=Chapter 11 – The Gupta Empire and the Western Satraps: Chandragupta I to Kumaragupta I | website=The Public's Library and Digital Archive | url=https://www.ibiblio.org/britishraj/Jackson2/chapter11.html | access-date=14 July 2024}}</ref> | event2 = Gupta-Saka Wars | date_event2 = {{Circa|375–385}} <ref name="goyal1967">{{cite book|last=Goyal|first=SR|title=History of the Imperial Guptas|year=1967|page=367|url=https://archive.org/details/goyal-1967/page/367/mode/1up}}</ref> | event3 = Gupta-Kidarite Conflicts | date_event3 = {{Circa|390–450}}<ref name="dani1996">{{cite book|last1=Dani|first1=Ahmad Hasan|last2=Litvinsky|first2=BA|title=History of Civilizations of Central Asia: The Crossroads of Civilizations, A.D. 250 to 750|year=1996|publisher=UNESCO|pages=151–152}}</ref> | event4 = Gupta-Hunnic Wars | date_event4 = {{Circa|460–500}}<ref name="majumdar1981">{{cite book|last=Majumdar|first=R.C.|title=A Comprehensive History of India: Pt. 1. A.D. 300–985|year=1981|publisher=Indian History Congress/People's Publishing House|page=64}}</ref><ref name="dani1999">{{cite book|last=Dani|first=Ahmad Hasan|title=History of Civilizations of Central Asia|year=1999|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|page=221}}</ref> | year_end = {{Circa|579}}<ref name="goyal1967" /> | status = [[Empire]] | p1 = Western Satraps | p2 = Nagas of Padmavati | p3 = Pañcāla | p4 = Arjunayanas | p5 = Yaudheya | p6 = Mahameghavahana dynasty | p7 = Murunda dynasty | p8 = Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom | s1 = Later Guptas | s2 = Kingdom of Valabhi | s3 = Vardhana dynasty{{!}}Kingdom of Thanesar | s4 = Gurjaradesa{{!}}Gurjara kingdoms | s5 = Aulikaras | s6 = Maukhari Dynasty | today = <!-- This field should not be used if there are more than four entries --> | image_map = Map of the Gupta Empire.png | image_map_caption = Gupta Empire {{circa|420 CE}} | capital = {{ubl | [[Pataliputra]] | [[Ayodhya]] (after 455) }} | common_languages = [[Sanskrit]] (literary and academic)<br />[[Prakrit]] (vernacular) | religion = {{unbulleted list|[[Vaishnavism|Vaishnava Hinduism]] (official)<ref name="GuptaReligion">'''Gupta's patronized sects''' *Hinduism [Vaishnavism] : **{{Cite book |last=Sharma |first=Tej Ram |url=https://archive.org/details/personalgeograph00sharuoft/page/112/mode/1up |title=Personal and geographical names in the Gupta inscriptions |date=1978 |location=Delhi |publisher=Concept |page=112 |quote=An indication of the leaning of the Gupta kings towards Vaisnavism is clear from the Garuda emblem of the Guptas. The Gupta monarchs also used the title 'Paramabhāgavata' i.e.; the devout devotee of Visnu, in their imperial records.}} **{{Cite book |last=Bakker |first=Hans T. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uDxTzQEACAAJ |title=The Alkhan: A Hunnic People in South Asia |date=12 March 2020 |publisher=Barkhuis |isbn=978-94-93194-00-7 |page=73 |language=en |quote=On the south banks of the Bina, the building of a religious complex dedicated to Vishnu, the Empire’s tutelary deity, had expanded under Budhagupta.}} *Buddhism [Mahayana] : **{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/buddhism0000gane_e7c3 |title=Buddhism |page=17 |last=Ganeri |first=Anita |date=2007 |publisher=Franklin Watts |isbn=978-0-7496-6979-9 |quote=Gupta Empire at its height (5th-6th centuries) connected with the development of Mahayana Buddhism with the development of Tantric Buddhism.}} **{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Upinder |title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century |year=2008 |publisher=Pearson Education India |page=521 |isbn=978-81-317-1677-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA521 |quote=While the Gupta kings are generally linked with the promotion of Brahmanical cults, some of them extended patronage to Buddhism as well. Paramartha, a Buddhist scholar of the period, states that king Vikramaditya sent his queen and prince Baladitya to study under the tutelage of the famous Buddhist monk and scholar Vasubandhu.[...] Narasimhagupta became a Buddhist monk and gave up his life through dhyana (meditation). Kumaragupta I and Budhagupta may have built monasteries at Nalanda. }} *Jainism **{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} </ref>|[[Buddhism]]<ref name="GuptaReligion"/>|[[Jainism]]<ref name="GuptaReligion"/> }} | demonym = | government_type = [[Monarchy]] | area_km2 = | area_rank = | currency = [[Dinar]]a (gold coins)<br/>[[Rupee|Rupaka]] (silver coins)<br/>[[Karshapana]] (copper coins)<br/>[[Cowries]] | title_leader = [[List of Gupta emperors|Maharajadhiraja]]{{efn|The first two kings were titled ''[[Maharaja]]'', all others were titled ''[[Maharajadhiraja]]''.}} | leader1 = [[Gupta (king)|Gupta]] (first) | year_leader1 = {{Circa|240|280}} | year_leader2 = {{Circa|540|550}} | leader2 = [[Vishnugupta (Gupta Empire)|Vishnugupta]] (last) | stat_year1 = 400 est. | stat_area1 = 3500000 | ref_area1 = <ref name="Turchin223">{{Cite journal |last1=Turchin |first1=Peter |last2=Adams |first2=Jonathan M. |last3=Hall |first3=Thomas D |date=December 2006 |title=East-West Orientation of Historical Empires |journal=Journal of World-Systems Research |volume=12 |issue=2 |page=223 |issn=1076-156X |doi=10.5195/JWSR.2006.369|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="OxfordArea">{{Cite book|last1=Bang|first1=Peter Fibiger|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9mkLEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA92|title=The Oxford World History of Empire: Volume One: The Imperial Experience|last2=Bayly|first2=C. A.|last3=Scheidel|first3=Walter|year=2020|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-977311-4|pages=92–94|language=en}}</ref> {{break}}(high-end estimate of peak area) | stat_year2 = 440 est. | stat_area2 = 1700000 | ref_area2 = <ref name="Taagepera">{{Cite journal |last=Taagepera |first=Rein |year=1979 |title=Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D |journal=Social Science History |volume=3 |issue=3/4 |page=121 |doi=10.2307/1170959 |jstor=1170959}}</ref>{{break}}(low-end estimate of peak area) | stat_pop3 = 75,000,000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/38602317|title=Growth of World Population, GDP and GDP Per Capita before 1820|author=Angus Maddison|date=2001|page=238}}</ref> | stat_year3 = 5th century }} '''Gupta Samrajya''' pe Gupta dynasty 320 se lae ke 550 AD talak raj karis. Ii samrajya North-central India ke jaada hissa me rahaa, (lekin jon jagha pe abhi [[Pakistan]] hae iske niche kabhi nai rahaa); aur western [[India]] aurabhi ke [[Bangladesh]]. Gupta Samrajya ke time ke [[Golden Age of India]], [[science]], [[mathematics]], [[astronomy]], [[religion]] aur [[philosophy]] me batawa jaawe hae. Itihaas ke parrhe waala log Gupta dynasty ke [[Han Dynasty]], [[Tang Dynasty]] aur [[Roman Empire]] ke baraa bar ke batae hae. Gupt log Brahmin Varna ke the. Kuchh Gupta Raja rahin: * [[Samudragupta]] * [[Ramagupta]] * [[Chandragupta II]] * [[Kumara Gupta I|Kumaragupta I]] * [[Skandagupta]] * [[Narasimhagupta]] * Buddhagupta * [[Purugupta]] * [[Vishnugupta]] * Pushpak Gupta == Duusra websites == * [http://www.flonnet.com/fl2422/stories/20071116504306400.htm Frontline Article on Gupta Period Art] +Golden Coins THe Guptas were the first to introduce a coinage across their empire.This showed both their wealth-as some coins were trying to unify the empire by using the same coins over the empire. ==References== {{reflist}} [[vibhag:G]] [[vibhag:India ke samrajya]] [[vibhag:320 establishments]] [[vibhag:550 disestablishments]] {{stub}} g2vyl3xte2yoemx5ayo0p0h5j4rjh5q 337517 337516 2026-08-23T09:49:03Z Hanga1966 35932 337517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Gupta Empire | common_name = | native_name = | era = Classical India | year_start = {{Circa|240}} | event1 = Coronation of Chandragupta I | date_event1 = 26 February 320<ref name="a006">{{cite web | last=Smith | first=Vincent A | title=Chapter 11 – The Gupta Empire and the Western Satraps: Chandragupta I to Kumaragupta I | website=The Public's Library and Digital Archive | url=https://www.ibiblio.org/britishraj/Jackson2/chapter11.html | access-date=14 July 2024}}</ref> | event2 = Gupta-Saka Wars | date_event2 = {{Circa|375–385}} <ref name="goyal1967">{{cite book|last=Goyal|first=SR|title=History of the Imperial Guptas|year=1967|page=367|url=https://archive.org/details/goyal-1967/page/367/mode/1up}}</ref> | event3 = Gupta-Kidarite Conflicts | date_event3 = {{Circa|390–450}}<ref name="dani1996">{{cite book|last1=Dani|first1=Ahmad Hasan|last2=Litvinsky|first2=BA|title=History of Civilizations of Central Asia: The Crossroads of Civilizations, A.D. 250 to 750|year=1996|publisher=UNESCO|pages=151–152}}</ref> | event4 = Gupta-Hunnic Wars | date_event4 = {{Circa|460–500}}<ref name="majumdar1981">{{cite book|last=Majumdar|first=R.C.|title=A Comprehensive History of India: Pt. 1. A.D. 300–985|year=1981|publisher=Indian History Congress/People's Publishing House|page=64}}</ref><ref name="dani1999">{{cite book|last=Dani|first=Ahmad Hasan|title=History of Civilizations of Central Asia|year=1999|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|page=221}}</ref> | year_end = {{Circa|579}}<ref name="goyal1967" /> | status = [[Empire]] | p1 = Western Satraps | p2 = Nagas of Padmavati | p3 = Pañcāla | p4 = Arjunayanas | p5 = Yaudheya | p6 = Mahameghavahana dynasty | p7 = Murunda dynasty | p8 = Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom | s1 = Later Guptas | s2 = Kingdom of Valabhi | s3 = Vardhana dynasty{{!}}Kingdom of Thanesar | s4 = Gurjaradesa{{!}}Gurjara kingdoms | s5 = Aulikaras | s6 = Maukhari Dynasty | today = <!-- This field should not be used if there are more than four entries --> | image_map = Map of the Gupta Empire.png | image_map_caption = Gupta Empire {{circa|420 CE}} | capital = {{ubl | [[Pataliputra]] | [[Ayodhya]] (after 455) }} | common_languages = [[Sanskrit]] (literary and academic)<br />[[Prakrit]] (vernacular) | religion = {{unbulleted list|[[Vaishnavism|Vaishnava Hinduism]] (official)<ref name="GuptaReligion">'''Gupta's patronized sects''' *Hinduism [Vaishnavism] : **{{Cite book |last=Sharma |first=Tej Ram |url=https://archive.org/details/personalgeograph00sharuoft/page/112/mode/1up |title=Personal and geographical names in the Gupta inscriptions |date=1978 |location=Delhi |publisher=Concept |page=112 |quote=An indication of the leaning of the Gupta kings towards Vaisnavism is clear from the Garuda emblem of the Guptas. The Gupta monarchs also used the title 'Paramabhāgavata' i.e.; the devout devotee of Visnu, in their imperial records.}} **{{Cite book |last=Bakker |first=Hans T. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uDxTzQEACAAJ |title=The Alkhan: A Hunnic People in South Asia |date=12 March 2020 |publisher=Barkhuis |isbn=978-94-93194-00-7 |page=73 |language=en |quote=On the south banks of the Bina, the building of a religious complex dedicated to Vishnu, the Empire’s tutelary deity, had expanded under Budhagupta.}} *Buddhism [Mahayana] : **{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/buddhism0000gane_e7c3 |title=Buddhism |page=17 |last=Ganeri |first=Anita |date=2007 |publisher=Franklin Watts |isbn=978-0-7496-6979-9 |quote=Gupta Empire at its height (5th-6th centuries) connected with the development of Mahayana Buddhism with the development of Tantric Buddhism.}} **{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Upinder |title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century |year=2008 |publisher=Pearson Education India |page=521 |isbn=978-81-317-1677-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA521 |quote=While the Gupta kings are generally linked with the promotion of Brahmanical cults, some of them extended patronage to Buddhism as well. Paramartha, a Buddhist scholar of the period, states that king Vikramaditya sent his queen and prince Baladitya to study under the tutelage of the famous Buddhist monk and scholar Vasubandhu.[...] Narasimhagupta became a Buddhist monk and gave up his life through dhyana (meditation). Kumaragupta I and Budhagupta may have built monasteries at Nalanda. }} *Jainism **{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} </ref>|[[Buddhism]]<ref name="GuptaReligion"/>|[[Jainism]]<ref name="GuptaReligion"/> }} | demonym = | government_type = [[Monarchy]] | area_km2 = | area_rank = | currency = [[Dinar]]a (gold coins)<br/>[[Rupee|Rupaka]] (silver coins)<br/>[[Karshapana]] (copper coins)<br/>[[Cowries]] | title_leader = [[List of Gupta emperors|Maharajadhiraja]]{{efn|The first two kings were titled ''[[Maharaja]]'', all others were titled ''[[Maharajadhiraja]]''.}} | leader1 = [[Gupta (king)|Gupta]] (first) | year_leader1 = {{Circa|240|280}} | year_leader2 = {{Circa|540|550}} | leader2 = [[Vishnugupta (Gupta Empire)|Vishnugupta]] (last) | stat_year1 = 400 est. | stat_area1 = 3500000 | ref_area1 = <ref name="Turchin223">{{Cite journal |last1=Turchin |first1=Peter |last2=Adams |first2=Jonathan M. |last3=Hall |first3=Thomas D |date=December 2006 |title=East-West Orientation of Historical Empires |journal=Journal of World-Systems Research |volume=12 |issue=2 |page=223 |issn=1076-156X |doi=10.5195/JWSR.2006.369|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="OxfordArea">{{Cite book|last1=Bang|first1=Peter Fibiger|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9mkLEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA92|title=The Oxford World History of Empire: Volume One: The Imperial Experience|last2=Bayly|first2=C. A.|last3=Scheidel|first3=Walter|year=2020|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-977311-4|pages=92–94|language=en}}</ref> {{break}}(high-end estimate of peak area) | stat_year2 = 440 est. | stat_area2 = 1700000 | ref_area2 = <ref name="Taagepera">{{Cite journal |last=Taagepera |first=Rein |year=1979 |title=Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D |journal=Social Science History |volume=3 |issue=3/4 |page=121 |doi=10.2307/1170959 |jstor=1170959}}</ref>{{break}}(low-end estimate of peak area) | stat_pop3 = 75,000,000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/38602317|title=Growth of World Population, GDP and GDP Per Capita before 1820|author=Angus Maddison|date=2001|page=238}}</ref> | stat_year3 = 5th century }} '''Gupta Samrajya''' pe Gupta dynasty 320 se lae ke 550 AD talak raj karis. Ii samrajya North-central India ke jaada hissa me rahaa, (lekin jon jagha pe abhi [[Pakistan]] hae iske niche kabhi nai rahaa); aur western [[India]] aurabhi ke [[Bangladesh]]. Gupta Samrajya ke time ke [[Golden Age of India]], [[science]], [[mathematics]], [[astronomy]], [[religion]] aur [[philosophy]] me batawa jaawe hae. Itihaas ke parrhe waala log Gupta dynasty ke [[Han Dynasty]], [[Tang Dynasty]] aur [[Roman Empire]] ke baraa bar ke batae hae. Gupt log Brahmin Varna ke the. Kuchh Gupta Raja rahin: * [[Samudragupta]] * [[Ramagupta]] * [[Chandragupta II]] * [[Kumara Gupta I|Kumaragupta I]] * [[Skandagupta]] * [[Narasimhagupta]] * Buddhagupta * [[Purugupta]] * [[Vishnugupta]] * Pushpak Gupta ==Suruwaat== Guptas suruu me [[Magadha]] ke rahin.<ref>{{Citation |last=Mackay |first=James |title=The Complete Illustrated Guide to Coins & Coin Collecting |date=2006 |publisher=Hermes House |isbn=978-0-681-45952-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780681459526/page/29/mode/1up |quote=A Magadha (Bihar) kingdom, with its capital at Patna, emerged in the late 3rd century AD under Srigupta founder of a dynasty that lasted for 300 years. His grandson, Chandragupta 1 (305-25), created the splendid Gupta Empire.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Brown |first=C. J. |title=Coins of India |date=1999 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=978-81-206-0345-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O-d497CKID0C |quote=The territory which the Guptas are first found ruling lay near Pāțaliputra, the modern Patna; it was much enlarged by one Gupta, on the decline of the Kushāņa power in its eastern territories}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Gupta |first=L.C. |title=Silver coins of Sri Gupta |date=1994 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sTVmAAAAMAAJ |quote=...the historicity of Sri Gupta's political career around Magadha}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Higham |first=Charles |title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Asian Civilizations |date=2014 |publisher=Infobase |isbn=978-1-4381-0996-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H1c1UIEVH9gC |quote=The Gupta empire had its genesis under King Srigupta (270-290 C.E.), who ruled one of the many small kingdoms in the Ganga (Ganges) Valley in India from his capital at Pataliputra}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Ishikawa |first=Ken |title=The Global Connections of Gandhāran Art |date=2020 |publisher=Classical Art Research Centre |isbn=978-1-78969-696-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JZf6DwAAQBAJ |quote=Ruling from the Magadha Kingdom in the lower Gangetic Valley, the imperial Guptas were the second pan-Indian state in history}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Thapar |first=Romila |title=The Past Before Us |date=2013 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-72652-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ScYJAQAAQBAJ |quote=There is some evidence of interest during the Gupta period in forms created during Mauryan times. This may have arisen from a curiosity about antecedent dynasties and their artifacts, originating in approximately the same area in which the beginnings of Gupta power were located. For both the Mauryas and the Guptas, Pāțaliputra was an important city.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Hart-Davis |first=Adam |title=History |date=2010 |publisher=DK |isbn=978-0-7566-6596-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UZo0AwEACAAJ |quote=the region of Magadha gave birth to another great dynasty and empire, the Guptas }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Kumar Maity |first=Sachindra |title=The Imperial Guptas and Their Times |date=1975 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1XI_AAAAMAAJ |quote=the founder of this dynasty was Mahārāja Sri Gupta who was apparently a subordinate ruler and ruling somewhere near Magadha.}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Keay|2000|p=[https://archive.org/details/indiahistory00keay/page/134/mode/1up 134]|ps=: "Sri Gupta was probably not a Buddhist but was raja of some minor polity near or within erstwhile Magadha."}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Jha |first=D. N. |title=Ancient India: In Historical Outline |date=1998 |publisher=Manohar Publishers & Distributors |isbn=978-81-7304-266-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tUluAAAAMAAJ |quote=Guptas... political control in the region of Magadha.}}</ref> Pahila saabuut ki Gupta log Magadha se aae rahin ke bides ke source se mile hae. China ke raahi, [[Yijing (monk)|I-tsing]], jon India A.D. 672 me aais rahaa, Mahārāja Śrī-Gupta (Che-li-ki-to) ke baare me sunis rahaa, jon ek mandir ke [[Mṛgaśikhāvana|Mrigaśikhāvana]] ke lage, China ke pilgrims ke khaatir banais rahaa aur isse 24 gaon ke joris rahaa.<ref>{{cite book |author=Radhakumud Mookerji |author-link=Radhakumud Mookerji |title=The Gupta Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uYXDB2gIYbwC |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publ. |year=1989 |isbn=81-208-0089-3 |page=11}}</ref>{{sfn|H.C. Raychaudhuri|1923|p=271}} Abhi jaldi ke adhyan ii suggest kare hae ki [[Sri Gupta]], jiske Gupta raajya-vansh ke suruu kare waala maana jaawe hae, ek ajaad raja ke ruup me [[Magadha]] region me raaj karat rahaa, [[3rd century]] CE ke ant me. Ek sau se jaada [[chaandi]] ke paisa jisme "Śrī Gupta" in Brahmi script me likha hae, aur iske saathe ek murti, ke [[Bihar]] me paawa gais hae, khaas kar ke [[Hajipur]]–[[Muzaffarpur district|Muzaffarpur]] ilaaka me, jon puraana [[Magadha]] ke khaas jagha rahaa. Ii paisa, jon sab me ekke rakam ke likhai aur chaandi, ii dekhae hae ki iske sarkar nukalis rahaa aur i koi rkam ke hera-feri waala chij nai rahaa. Gyaani log ii batae hae ki ii paisa Sri Gupta ke raaj kare ke taagat dekhae hae, jiske nikaala gais rahaa leen-deen me kaam me laawe ka khaatir [[Kushan Empire|Kushans]] ke niche gire ke baad aur aapan raajnaetik ekta ke dekhae ke khaatir. [[Maharaja]] title ke kaam me laana — jon uu samay ke aur ajaad tribal des me commin rahaa — ajaad samjajya ke aur support kare hae. Iske alaawa, baad ke saadi, [[Chandra Gupta I]] aur [[Licchavis of Vaishali|Lichchhavi]] princess [[Kumaradevi]] ke saathe dekhaawe hae ki Gupta palwaar mashuur rahaa, jiske [[Sri Gupta]] aaur uske larrka, [[Ghatotkacha]] ke time suruu karaa gais rahaa.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Gupta | first1 = L.C. | last2 = Mangalam | first2 = S.J. | title = Silver Coins of Sri Gupta | publisher = Numismatic Society of Hyderabad | year = 1994 | location = Hyderabad | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=sTVmAAAAMAAJ | access-date = 20 June 2025 }}</ref> == Duusra websites == * [http://www.flonnet.com/fl2422/stories/20071116504306400.htm Frontline Article on Gupta Period Art] +Golden Coins THe Guptas were the first to introduce a coinage across their empire.This showed both their wealth-as some coins were trying to unify the empire by using the same coins over the empire. ==References== {{reflist}} [[vibhag:G]] [[vibhag:India ke samrajya]] [[vibhag:320 establishments]] [[vibhag:550 disestablishments]] {{stub}} 5e7knayrw416jbn3vj5bf2c4fytmx48 0 12349 337514 190541 2026-08-23T08:26:03Z Falwaria 41079 /* */ 337514 wikitext text/x-wiki [[file:BiharDistricts.svg|thumb|200px|right|[[Bihar]] ke districts]] '''Phulwaria''' [[India]] ke state [[Bihar]] ke [[Gaya]] division ke [[Aurangabad, Bihar|Aurangabad]] district ka ek gaon hae.Falwaria surname comes under Rajput community == References == <references /> [[vibhag:Gaon]] [[vibhag:India ke Gaon]] [[vibhag:Bihar ke Gaon]] [[vibhag:Aurangabad (Bihar) ke Gaon]] {{Jagha stub}} nc64a0cwnel3xkjp3zfircochm39jal 0 54220 337509 333390 2026-08-22T13:58:59Z ~2026-45867-81 41066 /* Purane Rashtrapati */ 337509 wikitext text/x-wiki [[file:Flag of the President of Pakistan.svg|thumb|Rashtrapita ka jhanda]] == Abhi ke Rashtrapati == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" !Tasveer !Rashtrapati !Elected !Pehla term !Akhri Term |- |Muslim League (N) |[[Mamnoon Hussein]] | [[India|Indian]] Mention | 9 September 2013 | 19 September 2018 |- | colspan="5" |[[Nawaz sharif|Nawaz Sharif]] |- |[[File:2018-11-07_Parlamentarier_bei_Versammlung_des_Asiatischen_Parlaments_(APA)_in_Gwadar_Pakistan_2.jpg|100px]] |[[Sadiq Sanjrani]] |Balochistan Awami Party |June 2023 |July 2023 |- | colspan="5" |[[Imran Khan Niazi]] |- | [[File:President of Pakistan Dr Arif Alvi.jpg|100px]] |[[Arif Alvi]] |<nowiki> </nowiki>[[Pakistan Tehreek-E-Insaf]] | 9 September 2018 | 10 March 2024 |- | colspan="5" |[[Shehbaz Sharif]] - present [Pradhan Mantri] |- |[[file:Asif Ali Zardari with Obamas (cropped).jpg|frameless|133x133px]] |[[Asif Ali Zardari]] |Pakistan's People Party |10 March 2024 |present |} == List == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! !{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! style="width:100px;" |Portrait ! style="width:18%;" |Name {{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! style="width:20%;" |Took office ! style="width:20%;" |Left office ! style="width:22%;" |Elected ! style="width:22%;" |Political party |- | | style="background-color: DarkGreen" | | ![[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] <small>(1876–1948)</small> |15 August 1947 |11 September 1948 (died in office) | |[[Muslim League (Pakistan)|Pakistan Muslim League]] |- | | style="background-color: DarkGreen" | |[[파일:Khawaja_Nazimuddin_of_Pakistan.JPG|alt=|129x129px]] ![[Khawaja Nazimuddin|Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin]] <small>(1894–1964)</small> |14 September 1948 |17 October 1951 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League]] |- | | |[[파일:Malik_Muhammad.jpg|alt=|150x150px]] ![[Malik Ghulam Muhammad|Sir Ghulam Muhammad]] <small>(1895–1956 )</small> |17 October 1951 |7 August 1955 (dismissed) | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | style="background-color: #6495ED" | |[[파일:Iskander_Mirza.jpg|alt=|154x154px]] ![[Iskander Mirza]] (1899–1969) |7 August 1955 |23 March 1956 (became president) | |[[Republican Party (Pakistan)]] |- ! ! | !Sir Mian Abdul Rashid |29 June 1954 |29 June 1954 | | |- ! ! | ![[Muhammad Munir]] |23 March 1956 |23 March 1956 | | |- ! ! style="background-color:#6495ED; color:white;" |1 |[[파일:Iskander_Mirza.jpg|154x154픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Iskander Mirza]] {{small|(1899–1969)}} |23 March 1956 |27 October 1958 |1956 |[[Republican Party (Pakistan)|Republican Party]] |- | | style="background-color:#6495ED" | | align="center" |[[파일:Iskander_Mirza.jpg|alt=A black and white portrait of Iskander Mirza|154x154px]] ! scope="row" align="center" |[[Iskander Mirza]] (1899–1969) | align="center" |23 March 1956 | align="center" |7 October 1958 | align="center" |&nbsp;[[1958 Pakistani coup d'état]] | align="center" |[[Republican Party (Pakistan)|Republican Party]] |- | | | ![[Abdul Wahab Khan (politician)|Abdul Wahab Khan]] (1898–1972) |7 October 1958 |7 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | | ![[Feroz Khan Noon]] (1898–1970) |7 October 1958 |8 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | | ![[Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani]] (1898–1976) |8 October 1958 |8 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | | ![[Abdul Qayyum Khan]] (1901–1981) |8 October 1958 |8 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | | ![[Asghar Khan]] (1921–2018) |8 October 1958 |15 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | |[[파일:Iskander_Mirza.jpg|alt=|154x154px]] ![[Iskander Mirza]] (1899–1969) |27 October 1958 |27 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! ! style="background-color:#808000; color:white;" |2 | rowspan="2" |[[파일:Muhammed_Ayub_Khan.JPG|137x137픽셀]] ! rowspan="2" scope="row" |[[Ayub Khan (general)|Ayub Khan]] {{small|(1907–1974)}} |27 October 1958 |8 June 1962 | align="center" |&nbsp;— |&nbsp;— |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Muslim League}}; color:white;" |{{small|(2)}} |8 June 1962 |12 June 1965 |[[1965 Pakistani presidential election|1965]] |[[Convention Muslim League|Pakistan Muslim League PML (C)]] |- ! ! | !Muhammad Shahabuddin |3 May 1960 |13 May 1960 | | |- ! ! | ![[A.R. Cornelius]] |13 May 1960 |20 May 1960 | | |- | | | ![[Mohammad Afzal Cheema]] <small>(1913–2008)</small> |9 September 1962 |29 November 1963 |— |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | align="center" style="background-color: #808000" | | align="center" | ! scope="row" align="center" |[[Fazlul Qadir Chaudhry]] ( 1919–1973) | align="center" |29 November 1963 | align="center" |1 January 1965 | align="center" |&nbsp;— | align="center" |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]]&nbsp; |- ! !— | ![[Fatima Jinnah]] (1893 —1967) |1 January 1965 |31 January 1965 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Muslim League}}; color:white;" |— | ! scope="row" |[[Mohammad Afzal Cheema]] {{small|(1913–2008)<br>''Acting''}} |8 June 1962 |29 November 1963 |&nbsp;— |&nbsp;— |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Muslim League}}; color:white;" |— | ! scope="row" |[[Fazlul Qadir Chaudhry]] {{small|(1919–1973)<br>''Acting''}} |29 November 1963 |12 June 1965 |&nbsp;— |[[Convention Muslim League|Pakistan Muslim League (C)]] |- | | align="center" style="background-color: #808000" | | ![[Fazlul Qadir Chaudhry]] ( 1919–1973) |30 January 1965 |12 June 1965 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | | ![[Musa Khan]] ( 1908–1991) |12 June 1965 |12 June 1965 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Muslim League}}; color:white;" |{{small|(2)}} | rowspan="2" |[[파일:Muhammed_Ayub_Khan.JPG|137x137픽셀]] ! rowspan="2" scope="row" |[[Ayub Khan (general)|Ayub Khan]] (1907 —1974) |12 June 1965 |1 July 1967 | rowspan="2" |[[1965 Pakistani presidential election|1965]] | rowspan="2" |[[Convention Muslim League|Pakistan Muslim League (C)]] |- ! !— |1 July 1967 |25 March 1969 |- ! ! rowspan="2" |— | rowspan="2" |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Fatima Jinnah]] (1893 —1967) |1 July 1967 |25 March 1969 | rowspan="2" |— | rowspan="2" |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | |25 March 1969 |1 July 1969 |- ! ! | !S.A. Rahman |3 June 1968 |3 June 1968 | | |- ! ! | ![[Fazal Akbar]] |17 November 1968 |17 November 1968 | | |- ! ! | ![[Hamoodur Rahman]] |25 March 1969 |25 March 1969 | | |- ! ! rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" |[[Yahya Khan]] {{small|(1917–1980)}} |25 March 1969 |1 July 1969 | rowspan="2" |&nbsp;— | rowspan="2" |&nbsp;— |- | |1 July 1969 |20 December 1971 |- | | align="center" style="background-color: #808000" | | align="center" |[[파일:Yahya_Khan_(cropped_version).jpg|alt=A portrait of Yahya Khan|112x112px]] ! scope="row" align="center" |[[Yahya Khan]]<small>(1917–1980)</small> | align="center" |31 March 1969 | align="center" |2 December 1971 | align="center" |&nbsp;— | align="center" |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]]&nbsp; |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | | ![[Gul Hassan Khan]] <small>(1921–1999)</small> |2 December 1971 |5 December 1971 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | | ![[Abdul Hamid Khan (general)|Abdul Hamid Khan]] (1917—1999) |5 December 1971 |5 December 1971 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | | align="center" |[[파일:Yahya_Khan_(cropped_version).jpg|alt=A portrait of Yahya Khan|112x112px]] ![[Yahya Khan]] <small>(1917–1980)</small> |5 December 1971 |20 December 1971 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |4 |[[파일:Z_A_Bhutto_(President_of_Pakistan).jpg|144x144픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto|Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto]] (1928 —1979) |20 December 1971 |14 August 1973 |1971 |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! ! rowspan="2" |— | rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" |[[Nurul Amin]] (1893 –1974) |20 January 1972 |28 January 1972 | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |[[Pakistan Muslim League]] |- | |1 April 1972 |21 April 1972 |- ! !(4) |[[파일:Z_A_Bhutto_(President_of_Pakistan).jpg|144x144픽셀]] ![[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto|Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto]] (1928 —1979) |21 April 1972 |6 August 1973 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Habibullah Khan Marwat]](1901 —1978 |6 August 1973 |6 August 1973 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! !(4) |[[파일:Z_A_Bhutto_(President_of_Pakistan).jpg|144x144픽셀]] ![[Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto]] (1928 —1979) |6 August 1973 |14 August 1973 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |5 |[[파일:Fazal_E_Ch.jpg|125x125픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry]] {{small|(1904–1982)}} |14 August 1973 |20 April 1978 |1973 |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | | | !Yaqub Ali |1 November 1975 |1 November 1975 | | |- | | | ![[Tikka Khan]] <small>(1904–1982)</small> |1976 |1976 | | |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Habibullah Khan Marwat]] (1901—1978) |14 August 1977 |14 August 1978 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Sheikh Anwarul Haq]] {{small|(1917–1995)<br>''Acting''}} |20 April 1978 |7 May 1978 |&nbsp;— |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |{{small|(5)}} |[[파일:Fazal_E_Ch.jpg|125x125픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry]] {{small|(1904–1982)}} |7 May 1978 |16 September 1978 |1973 |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Sahibzada Farooq Ali]](1931—2020) |19 August 1973 |16 September 1978 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! ! style="background-color:#808000; color:white;" |6 | ! scope="row" |[[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]] (1924 —1988) |16 September 1978 |25 March 1986 |&nbsp;— |&nbsp;— |- ! ! | !Sheikh Anwarul Haq |25 March 1981 |25 March 1981 | | |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Syed Fakhar Imam]](1942—) |25 March 1986 |25 March 1986 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! !(6) | ![[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]] (1924 —1988) |25 March 1986 |17 August 1988 | |– |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Hamid Nasir Chattha]](1944—) |17 August 1988 |17 August 1988 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | | ![[Ghulam Ishaq Khan]] <small>(1915–2006)</small> |17 August 1988 |17 August 1988 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | | ![[Mirza Aslam Beg]] (1931—) |17 August 1988 |19 August 1988 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | | ![[Asif Nawaz Janjua]] <small>(1937– 1933)</small> |19 August 1988 |22 August 1988 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | | align="center" | ! scope="row" align="center" |[[Ghulam Ishaq Khan]]<small>(1915–2006)</small> | align="center" |22 August 1988 | align="center" |18 July 1993 | align="center" |13 December 1988 | align="center" |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! !7 |[[파일:Ghulam_Ishaq_Khan_(cropped).JPG|100x100픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Ghulam Ishaq Khan]] {{small|(1915–2006)}} |18 July 1993 |1990 |1988 |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! ! | !Mohammad Haleem |31 December 1989 |31 December 1989 | | |- ! ! | !Afzal Zullah |1990 |1990 | | |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Gohar Ayub Khan]](1937—) |1990 |1990 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! !(7) |[[파일:Ghulam_Ishaq_Khan_(cropped).JPG|100x100픽셀]] ![[Ghulam Ishaq Khan]] {{small|(1915–2006)}} |1990 |18 July 1993 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! ! | !Nasim Hasan Shah |18 July 1993 |18 July 1993 | | |- | | | align="center" |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115px]] ! scope="row" align="center" |[[Wasim Sajjad]]<small>(1941– )</small> | align="center" |18 July 1993 | align="center" |1 November 1993 | align="center" | | align="center" |Pakistan Muslim League (N) |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | | ![[Abdul Waheed Kakar]] (1937—) |1 November 1993 |12 November 1993 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | | ![[Wasim Sajjad]] <small>(1941– )</small> |12 November 1993 |14 November 1993 | |Pakistan Muslim League (N) |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |8 |[[파일:Farooq_Leghari_(cropped).jpg|127x127픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Farooq Leghari]] {{small|(1940–2010)}} |14 November 1993 |2 December 1997 |1993 |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | | | !Syed Sajjad Ali Shah |1994 |1994 | | |- | | | !Ajmal Mian |2 December 1997 |2 December 1997 | | |- | | | ![[Benazir Bhutto]] (1953 – 2007) |1 July 1995 |10 July 1995 |[[1995 Pakistani coup d'état attempt|1995]] |Pakistan Peoples Party |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | | ![[Zahirul Islam Abbasi]] (1943—2009) |10 July 1995 |10 July 1995 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | | ![[Abdul Waheed Kakar]] (1937—) |10 July 1995 |11 July 1995 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | | ![[Ali Kuli Khan Khattak]] (1942 —) |11 July 1995 |13 July 1995 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | | ![[Jehangir Karamat]] (1941—) |13 July 1995 |14 July 1995 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | | ![[Farooq Leghari]] <small>(1940–2010)</small> |14 July 1995 |2 December 1997 | |Pakistan Peoples Party |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Muslim League (N)}}; color:white;" |— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Wasim Sajjad]] {{small|(born 1941)<br>''Acting''}} |2 December 1997 |1 January 1998 |&nbsp;— |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Muslim League (N)}}; color:white;" |9 |[[파일:Pride_of_Performance_Award_by_President_of_Pakistan_(cropped_head).jpg|106x106픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Muhammad Rafiq Tarar]] {{small|(1929–2022)}} |1 January 1998 |1999 |1997 |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)|Pakistan Muslim League]] |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Elahi Bux Soomro]](1962—) |1999 |1999 | |Independent |- ! ! | !Saeeduzzaman Siddiqui |1999 |1999 | | |- ! !(9) |[[파일:Pride_of_Performance_Award_by_President_of_Pakistan_(cropped_head).jpg|106x106픽셀]] ![[Muhammad Rafiq Tarar]](1929 –2022) |1999 |20 June 2001 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)|Pakistan Muslim League]] |- ! ! style="background-color:#808000; color:white;" |10 |[[파일:Pervez_Musharraf_2004.jpg|153x153픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Pervez Musharraf]] {{small|(1943—2023)}} |20 June 2001 |9 March 2007 |[[2004 Pakistani presidential election|2004]]{{efn|Musharraf took vote of confidence from the electoral college of Pakistan and elected himself as a President of Pakistan.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/02/international/asia/02STAN.html?ex=1388379600&en=a5ffeee2a4e1367a&ei=5007&partner=USERLAND|title=Pakistan gives Musharraf confidence vote as president|work=The New York Times|first=Amy |last=Waldman|date=2 January 2004|access-date=20 January 2013}}</ref>}} |&nbsp;— |- ! ! | ![[Muzaffar Hussain Usmani]] |20 June 2001 |20 June 2001 | | |- ! ! | !'''Yusaf Khan''' (1948) |2001 |2001 | | |- ! ! | !Irshad Hasan Khan |6 January 2002 |6 January 2002 | | |- ! ! | !Bashir Jehangiri |7 January 2002 |7 January 2002 | | |- ! ! | !Sheikh Riaz Ahmad |1 February 2002 |1 February 2002 | | |- ! ! | !Nazim Hussain Siddiqui |31 December 2003 |31 December 2003 | | |- ! ! | ![[Ahsan Saleem Hayat]] |31 December 2004 |31 December 2004 | | |- ! ! | ![[Javed Iqbal]] |9 March 2007 |9 March 2007 | | |- ! ! | ![[Rana Bhagwandas]] |9 March 2007 |9 March 2007 | | |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Chaudhry Amir Hussain]](1942 —) |9 March 2007 |9 September 2007 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (Q)]] |- ! ! | ![[Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry]] |9 September 2007 |9 September 2007 | | |- ! ! | !'''[[Ashfaq Parvez Kayani]]''' |9 September 2007 |9 September 2007 | | |- ! ! style="background-color:lime; color:white;" |{{small|(10)}} |[[파일:Pervez_Musharraf_2004.jpg|153x153픽셀]] ![[Pervez Musharraf]] {{small|(1943—2023)}} |9 September 2007 |18 August 2008 |[[2007 Pakistani presidential election|2007]] |[[Pakistan Muslim League (Q)]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Muslim League (N)}}; color:white;" |— |[[파일:Muhammad_Mian_Soomro.jpg|100x100픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Muhammad Mian Soomro]] {{small|(born 1950)<br>''Acting''}} |18 August 2008 |9 September 2008 |&nbsp;— |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |11 |[[파일:Asif_Ali_Zardari_-_2009.jpg|134x134픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Asif Ali Zardari]] {{small|(born 1955)}} |9 September 2008 |9 September 2013 |[[2008 Pakistani presidential election|2008]] |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Farooq Naek]](born 1947) |11 March 2009 |25 March 2009 | |Independent |- ! !(11) |[[파일:Asif_Ali_Zardari_-_2009.jpg|134x134픽셀]] ![[Asif Ali Zardari]] {{small|(born 1955)}} |25 March 2009 |9 September 2009 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Fahmida Mirza]] (1951 —) |9 September 2009 |9 September 2010 | |Independent |- ! ! | ![[Abdul Hameed Dogar]] |9 September 2010 |9 September 2010 | | |- ! !(11) |[[파일:Asif_Ali_Zardari_-_2009.jpg|134x134픽셀]] !Asif Ali Zardari {{small|(born 1955)}} |9 September 2010 |9 September 2013 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Muslim League (N)}}; color:white;" |12 |[[파일:President_Mamnoon_Hussain.jpg|112x112픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Mamnoon Hussain]] {{small|(1941–2021)}} |9 September 2013 |19 September 2018 |[[2013 Pakistani presidential election|2013]] |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Nayyar Hussain Bukhari]](born 1952) |19 September 2013 |20 September 2013 | |Independent |- ! !— | ![[Tassaduq Hussain Jillani]] |20 September 2013 |20 September 2013 | |Independent |- ! !(12) |[[파일:President_Mamnoon_Hussain.jpg|112x112픽셀]] ![[Mamnoon Hussain]] {{small|(1941–2021)}} |20 September 2013 |9 February 2014 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Ayaz Sadiq]] (born 1954) |9 February 2014 |28 February 2014 | |Independent |- ! ! | ![[Nasirul Mulk]] |2014 |2014 | | |- ! !(12) |[[파일:President_Mamnoon_Hussain.jpg|112x112픽셀]] ![[Mamnoon Hussain]] {{small|(1941–2021)}} |28 February 2014 |12 March 2015 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Raza Rabbani]] (1953 —) |12 March 2015 |26 March 2015 | |Independent |- ! ! | ![[Anwar Zaheer Jamali]] |26 March 2015 |26 March 2015 | | |- ! !(12) |[[파일:President_Mamnoon_Hussain.jpg|112x112픽셀]] ![[Mamnoon Hussain]] {{small|(1941–2021)}} |26 March 2015 |26 March 2018 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- ! ! | ![[Jawwad S. Khawaja]] |2015 |2015 | | |- ! ! | ![[Saqib Nisar]] |26 March 2018 |26 March 2018 | | |- ! !— |[[파일:2018-11-07_Parlamentarier_bei_Versammlung_des_Asiatischen_Parlaments_(APA)_in_Gwadar_Pakistan_2.jpg|114x114픽셀]] ![[Sadiq Sanjrani]] (born 1978) |26 March 2018 |1 September 2018 | |Independent |- ! !— |[[파일:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg|115x115픽셀]] ![[Asad Qaiser]](1969) |1 September 2018 |1 September 2018 | |[[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] |- ! !(12) |[[파일:President_Mamnoon_Hussain.jpg|112x112픽셀]] ![[Mamnoon Hussain]] {{small|(1941–2021)}} |1 September 2018 |9 September 2018 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf}}; color:white;" |13 |[[파일:President_of_Pakistan_Dr_Arif_Alvi.jpg|150x150픽셀]] ! scope="row" |[[Arif Alvi]] (born 1949) |9 September 2018 |10 April 2022 |[[2018 Pakistani presidential election|2018]] |[[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] |- | | | ![[Asif Saeed Khosa]] |9 September 2018 |9 September 2018 | | |- ! ! rowspan="2" |— | rowspan="2" |[[파일:2018-11-07_Parlamentarier_bei_Versammlung_des_Asiatischen_Parlaments_(APA)_in_Gwadar_Pakistan_2.jpg|114x114픽셀]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Sadiq Sanjrani]] (born 1978) |9 September 2018 |9 September 2022 | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |Independent |- | |10 April 2022 |12 April 2022 |- ! ! | ![[Gulzar Ahmed]] |12 April 2022 |12 April 2022 | | |- ! !(13) |[[파일:President_of_Pakistan_Dr_Arif_Alvi.jpg|150x150픽셀]] ![[Arif Alvi]] (born 1949) |12 April 2022 |9 September 2023 | |[[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] |- ! !— | ![[Raja Pervaiz Ashraf]] (born 1950) |9 September 2023 |9 September 2023 | |Independent |- ! !— |[[파일:2018-11-07_Parlamentarier_bei_Versammlung_des_Asiatischen_Parlaments_(APA)_in_Gwadar_Pakistan_2.jpg|114x114픽셀]] ![[Sadiq Sanjrani]] (born 1978) |9 September 2023 |9 September 2023 | |Independent |- ! ! | ![[Umar Ata Bandial]] |9 September 2023 |9 September 2023 | | |- ! ! | ![[Qazi Faez Isa]] |9 September 2023 |9 September 2023 | | |- ! !(11) |[[파일:Asif_Ali_Zardari_-_2009.jpg|134x134픽셀]] !Asif Ali Zardari {{small|(born 1955)}} |9 September 2023 |9 April 2024 | |Independent |- ! !— | ![[Yusuf Raza Gilani]] (1952-) |9 April 2024 |28 April 2024 | |Independent |- ! !— | !Ayaz Sadiq (born 1954) |28 April 2024 |28 April 2024 | |Independent |- ! !(11) |[[파일:Asif_Ali_Zardari_-_2009.jpg|134x134픽셀]] !Asif Ali Zardari {{small|(born 1955)}} |28 April 2024 |Incumbent | |Independent |- ! !— | ![[Asim Munir]] |2024 |2024 | | |- ! !— | ![[Sahir Shamshad Mirza]] |2024 |2024 | | |- ! !— | ![[Naveed Ashraf]] |2024 |2024 | | |- ! !— | ![[Asim Malik]] |2024 |2024 | | |- ! !— | ![[Zaheer Ahmad Babar]] |2024 |2024 | | |- ! !— | ![[Yahya Afridi]] |2024 |2024 | | |} == Li bhi dekho == Fatima Jinnah [[vibhag:P]] [[vibhag:Pakistan]] 87uc1845fyuhkbqo7sc8aya1pmo2emb 337510 337509 2026-08-22T14:01:56Z ~2026-45867-81 41066 /* List */ 337510 wikitext text/x-wiki [[file:Flag of the President of Pakistan.svg|thumb|Rashtrapita ka jhanda]] == Abhi ke Rashtrapati == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" !Tasveer !Rashtrapati !Elected !Pehla term !Akhri Term |- |Muslim League (N) |[[Mamnoon Hussein]] | [[India|Indian]] Mention | 9 September 2013 | 19 September 2018 |- | colspan="5" |[[Nawaz sharif|Nawaz Sharif]] |- |[[File:2018-11-07_Parlamentarier_bei_Versammlung_des_Asiatischen_Parlaments_(APA)_in_Gwadar_Pakistan_2.jpg|100px]] |[[Sadiq Sanjrani]] |Balochistan Awami Party |June 2023 |July 2023 |- | colspan="5" |[[Imran Khan Niazi]] |- | [[File:President of Pakistan Dr Arif Alvi.jpg|100px]] |[[Arif Alvi]] |<nowiki> </nowiki>[[Pakistan Tehreek-E-Insaf]] | 9 September 2018 | 10 March 2024 |- | colspan="5" |[[Shehbaz Sharif]] - present [Pradhan Mantri] |- |[[file:Asif Ali Zardari with Obamas (cropped).jpg|frameless|133x133px]] |[[Asif Ali Zardari]] |Pakistan's People Party |10 March 2024 |present |} == List == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! !{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! style="width:18%;" |Name {{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! style="width:20%;" |Took office ! style="width:20%;" |Left office ! style="width:22%;" |Elected ! style="width:22%;" |Political party |- | | style="background-color: DarkGreen" | ![[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] <small>(1876–1948)</small> |15 August 1947 |11 September 1948 (died in office) | |[[Muslim League (Pakistan)|Pakistan Muslim League]] |- | | style="background-color: DarkGreen" | ![[Khawaja Nazimuddin|Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin]] <small>(1894–1964)</small> |14 September 1948 |17 October 1951 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League]] |- | | ![[Malik Ghulam Muhammad|Sir Ghulam Muhammad]] <small>(1895–1956 )</small> |17 October 1951 |7 August 1955 (dismissed) | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | style="background-color: #6495ED" | ![[Iskander Mirza]] (1899–1969) |7 August 1955 |23 March 1956 (became president) | |[[Republican Party (Pakistan)]] |- ! ! !Sir Mian Abdul Rashid |29 June 1954 |29 June 1954 | | |- ! ! ![[Muhammad Munir]] |23 March 1956 |23 March 1956 | | |- ! ! style="background-color:#6495ED; color:white;" |1 ! scope="row" |[[Iskander Mirza]] {{small|(1899–1969)}} |23 March 1956 |27 October 1958 |1956 |[[Republican Party (Pakistan)|Republican Party]] |- | | style="background-color:#6495ED" | ! scope="row" align="center" |[[Iskander Mirza]] (1899–1969) | align="center" |23 March 1956 | align="center" |7 October 1958 | align="center" |&nbsp;[[1958 Pakistani coup d'état]] | align="center" |[[Republican Party (Pakistan)|Republican Party]] |- | | ![[Abdul Wahab Khan (politician)|Abdul Wahab Khan]] (1898–1972) |7 October 1958 |7 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | ![[Feroz Khan Noon]] (1898–1970) |7 October 1958 |8 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | ![[Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani]] (1898–1976) |8 October 1958 |8 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | ![[Abdul Qayyum Khan]] (1901–1981) |8 October 1958 |8 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | ![[Asghar Khan]] (1921–2018) |8 October 1958 |15 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | ![[Iskander Mirza]] (1899–1969) |27 October 1958 |27 October 1958 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! ! style="background-color:#808000; color:white;" |2 ! rowspan="2" scope="row" |[[Ayub Khan (general)|Ayub Khan]] {{small|(1907–1974)}} |27 October 1958 |8 June 1962 | align="center" |&nbsp;— |&nbsp;— |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Muslim League}}; color:white;" |{{small|(2)}} |8 June 1962 |12 June 1965 |[[1965 Pakistani presidential election|1965]] |[[Convention Muslim League|Pakistan Muslim League PML (C)]] |- ! ! !Muhammad Shahabuddin |3 May 1960 |13 May 1960 | | |- ! ! ![[A.R. Cornelius]] |13 May 1960 |20 May 1960 | | |- | | ![[Mohammad Afzal Cheema]] <small>(1913–2008)</small> |9 September 1962 |29 November 1963 |— |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | align="center" style="background-color: #808000" | ! scope="row" align="center" |[[Fazlul Qadir Chaudhry]] ( 1919–1973) | align="center" |29 November 1963 | align="center" |1 January 1965 | align="center" |&nbsp;— | align="center" |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]]&nbsp; |- ! !— ![[Fatima Jinnah]] (1893 —1967) |1 January 1965 |31 January 1965 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Muslim League}}; color:white;" |— ! scope="row" |[[Mohammad Afzal Cheema]] {{small|(1913–2008)<br>''Acting''}} |8 June 1962 |29 November 1963 |&nbsp;— |&nbsp;— |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Muslim League}}; color:white;" |— ! scope="row" |[[Fazlul Qadir Chaudhry]] {{small|(1919–1973)<br>''Acting''}} |29 November 1963 |12 June 1965 |&nbsp;— |[[Convention Muslim League|Pakistan Muslim League (C)]] |- | | align="center" style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Fazlul Qadir Chaudhry]] ( 1919–1973) |30 January 1965 |12 June 1965 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Musa Khan]] ( 1908–1991) |12 June 1965 |12 June 1965 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Muslim League}}; color:white;" |{{small|(2)}} ! rowspan="2" scope="row" |[[Ayub Khan (general)|Ayub Khan]] (1907 —1974) |12 June 1965 |1 July 1967 | rowspan="2" |[[1965 Pakistani presidential election|1965]] | rowspan="2" |[[Convention Muslim League|Pakistan Muslim League (C)]] |- ! !— |1 July 1967 |25 March 1969 |- ! ! rowspan="2" |— ! rowspan="2" |[[Fatima Jinnah]] (1893 —1967) |1 July 1967 |25 March 1969 | rowspan="2" |— | rowspan="2" |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | |25 March 1969 |1 July 1969 |- ! ! !S.A. Rahman |3 June 1968 |3 June 1968 | | |- ! ! ![[Fazal Akbar]] |17 November 1968 |17 November 1968 | | |- ! ! ![[Hamoodur Rahman]] |25 March 1969 |25 March 1969 | | |- ! ! rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" |[[Yahya Khan]] {{small|(1917–1980)}} |25 March 1969 |1 July 1969 | rowspan="2" |&nbsp;— | rowspan="2" |&nbsp;— |- | |1 July 1969 |20 December 1971 |- | | align="center" style="background-color: #808000" | ! scope="row" align="center" |[[Yahya Khan]]<small>(1917–1980)</small> | align="center" |31 March 1969 | align="center" |2 December 1971 | align="center" |&nbsp;— | align="center" |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]]&nbsp; |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Gul Hassan Khan]] <small>(1921–1999)</small> |2 December 1971 |5 December 1971 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Abdul Hamid Khan (general)|Abdul Hamid Khan]] (1917—1999) |5 December 1971 |5 December 1971 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Yahya Khan]] <small>(1917–1980)</small> |5 December 1971 |20 December 1971 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |4 ! scope="row" |[[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto|Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto]] (1928 —1979) |20 December 1971 |14 August 1973 |1971 |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! ! rowspan="2" |— ! rowspan="2" |[[Nurul Amin]] (1893 –1974) |20 January 1972 |28 January 1972 | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |[[Pakistan Muslim League]] |- | |1 April 1972 |21 April 1972 |- ! !(4) ![[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto|Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto]] (1928 —1979) |21 April 1972 |6 August 1973 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! !— ![[Habibullah Khan Marwat]](1901 —1978 |6 August 1973 |6 August 1973 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! !(4) ![[Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto]] (1928 —1979) |6 August 1973 |14 August 1973 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |5 ! scope="row" |[[Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry]] {{small|(1904–1982)}} |14 August 1973 |20 April 1978 |1973 |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | | !Yaqub Ali |1 November 1975 |1 November 1975 | | |- | | ![[Tikka Khan]] <small>(1904–1982)</small> |1976 |1976 | | |- ! !— ![[Habibullah Khan Marwat]] (1901—1978) |14 August 1977 |14 August 1978 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |— ! scope="row" |[[Sheikh Anwarul Haq]] {{small|(1917–1995)<br>''Acting''}} |20 April 1978 |7 May 1978 |&nbsp;— |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |{{small|(5)}} ! scope="row" |[[Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry]] {{small|(1904–1982)}} |7 May 1978 |16 September 1978 |1973 |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! !— ![[Sahibzada Farooq Ali]](1931—2020) |19 August 1973 |16 September 1978 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! ! style="background-color:#808000; color:white;" |6 ! scope="row" |[[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]] (1924 —1988) |16 September 1978 |25 March 1986 |&nbsp;— |&nbsp;— |- ! ! !Sheikh Anwarul Haq |25 March 1981 |25 March 1981 | | |- ! !— ![[Syed Fakhar Imam]](1942—) |25 March 1986 |25 March 1986 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! !(6) ![[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]] (1924 —1988) |25 March 1986 |17 August 1988 | |– |- ! !— ![[Hamid Nasir Chattha]](1944—) |17 August 1988 |17 August 1988 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | ![[Ghulam Ishaq Khan]] <small>(1915–2006)</small> |17 August 1988 |17 August 1988 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Mirza Aslam Beg]] (1931—) |17 August 1988 |19 August 1988 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Asif Nawaz Janjua]] <small>(1937– 1933)</small> |19 August 1988 |22 August 1988 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | ! scope="row" align="center" |[[Ghulam Ishaq Khan]]<small>(1915–2006)</small> | align="center" |22 August 1988 | align="center" |18 July 1993 | align="center" |13 December 1988 | align="center" |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! !7 ! scope="row" |[[Ghulam Ishaq Khan]] {{small|(1915–2006)}} |18 July 1993 |1990 |1988 |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! ! !Mohammad Haleem |31 December 1989 |31 December 1989 | | |- ! ! !Afzal Zullah |1990 |1990 | | |- ! !— ![[Gohar Ayub Khan]](1937—) |1990 |1990 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! !(7) ![[Ghulam Ishaq Khan]] {{small|(1915–2006)}} |1990 |18 July 1993 | |[[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! ! !Nasim Hasan Shah |18 July 1993 |18 July 1993 | | |- | | ! scope="row" align="center" |[[Wasim Sajjad]]<small>(1941– )</small> | align="center" |18 July 1993 | align="center" |1 November 1993 | align="center" | | align="center" |Pakistan Muslim League (N) |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Abdul Waheed Kakar]] (1937—) |1 November 1993 |12 November 1993 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | ![[Wasim Sajjad]] <small>(1941– )</small> |12 November 1993 |14 November 1993 | |Pakistan Muslim League (N) |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |8 ! scope="row" |[[Farooq Leghari]] {{small|(1940–2010)}} |14 November 1993 |2 December 1997 |1993 |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | | !Syed Sajjad Ali Shah |1994 |1994 | | |- | | !Ajmal Mian |2 December 1997 |2 December 1997 | | |- | | ![[Benazir Bhutto]] (1953 – 2007) |1 July 1995 |10 July 1995 |[[1995 Pakistani coup d'état attempt|1995]] |Pakistan Peoples Party |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Zahirul Islam Abbasi]] (1943—2009) |10 July 1995 |10 July 1995 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Abdul Waheed Kakar]] (1937—) |10 July 1995 |11 July 1995 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Ali Kuli Khan Khattak]] (1942 —) |11 July 1995 |13 July 1995 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | style="background-color: #808000" | ![[Jehangir Karamat]] (1941—) |13 July 1995 |14 July 1995 | |[[Pakistan Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] |- | | ![[Farooq Leghari]] <small>(1940–2010)</small> |14 July 1995 |2 December 1997 | |Pakistan Peoples Party |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Muslim League (N)}}; color:white;" |— ! scope="row" |[[Wasim Sajjad]] {{small|(born 1941)<br>''Acting''}} |2 December 1997 |1 January 1998 |&nbsp;— |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Muslim League (N)}}; color:white;" |9 ! scope="row" |[[Muhammad Rafiq Tarar]] {{small|(1929–2022)}} |1 January 1998 |1999 |1997 |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)|Pakistan Muslim League]] |- ! !— ![[Elahi Bux Soomro]](1962—) |1999 |1999 | |Independent |- ! ! !Saeeduzzaman Siddiqui |1999 |1999 | | |- ! !(9) ![[Muhammad Rafiq Tarar]](1929 –2022) |1999 |20 June 2001 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)|Pakistan Muslim League]] |- ! ! style="background-color:#808000; color:white;" |10 ! scope="row" |[[Pervez Musharraf]] {{small|(1943—2023)}} |20 June 2001 |9 March 2007 |[[2004 Pakistani presidential election|2004]]{{efn|Musharraf took vote of confidence from the electoral college of Pakistan and elected himself as a President of Pakistan.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/02/international/asia/02STAN.html?ex=1388379600&en=a5ffeee2a4e1367a&ei=5007&partner=USERLAND|title=Pakistan gives Musharraf confidence vote as president|work=The New York Times|first=Amy |last=Waldman|date=2 January 2004|access-date=20 January 2013}}</ref>}} |&nbsp;— |- ! ! ![[Muzaffar Hussain Usmani]] |20 June 2001 |20 June 2001 | | |- ! ! !'''Yusaf Khan''' (1948) |2001 |2001 | | |- ! ! !Irshad Hasan Khan |6 January 2002 |6 January 2002 | | |- ! ! !Bashir Jehangiri |7 January 2002 |7 January 2002 | | |- ! ! !Sheikh Riaz Ahmad |1 February 2002 |1 February 2002 | | |- ! ! !Nazim Hussain Siddiqui |31 December 2003 |31 December 2003 | | |- ! ! ![[Ahsan Saleem Hayat]] |31 December 2004 |31 December 2004 | | |- ! ! ![[Javed Iqbal]] |9 March 2007 |9 March 2007 | | |- ! ! ![[Rana Bhagwandas]] |9 March 2007 |9 March 2007 | | |- ! !— ![[Chaudhry Amir Hussain]](1942 —) |9 March 2007 |9 September 2007 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (Q)]] |- ! ! ![[Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry]] |9 September 2007 |9 September 2007 | | |- ! ! !'''[[Ashfaq Parvez Kayani]]''' |9 September 2007 |9 September 2007 | | |- ! ! style="background-color:lime; color:white;" |{{small|(10)}} ![[Pervez Musharraf]] {{small|(1943—2023)}} |9 September 2007 |18 August 2008 |[[2007 Pakistani presidential election|2007]] |[[Pakistan Muslim League (Q)]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Muslim League (N)}}; color:white;" |— ! scope="row" |[[Muhammad Mian Soomro]] {{small|(born 1950)<br>''Acting''}} |18 August 2008 |9 September 2008 |&nbsp;— |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Peoples Party}}; color:white;" |11 ! scope="row" |[[Asif Ali Zardari]] {{small|(born 1955)}} |9 September 2008 |9 September 2013 |[[2008 Pakistani presidential election|2008]] |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! !— ![[Farooq Naek]](born 1947) |11 March 2009 |25 March 2009 | |Independent |- ! !(11) ![[Asif Ali Zardari]] {{small|(born 1955)}} |25 March 2009 |9 September 2009 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- ! !— ![[Fahmida Mirza]] (1951 —) |9 September 2009 |9 September 2010 | |Independent |- ! ! ![[Abdul Hameed Dogar]] |9 September 2010 |9 September 2010 | | |- ! !(11) !Asif Ali Zardari {{small|(born 1955)}} |9 September 2010 |9 September 2013 | |[[Pakistan Peoples Party]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Muslim League (N)}}; color:white;" |12 ! scope="row" |[[Mamnoon Hussain]] {{small|(1941–2021)}} |9 September 2013 |19 September 2018 |[[2013 Pakistani presidential election|2013]] |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- ! !— ![[Nayyar Hussain Bukhari]](born 1952) |19 September 2013 |20 September 2013 | |Independent |- ! !— ![[Tassaduq Hussain Jillani]] |20 September 2013 |20 September 2013 | |Independent |- ! !(12) ![[Mamnoon Hussain]] {{small|(1941–2021)}} |20 September 2013 |9 February 2014 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- ! !— ![[Ayaz Sadiq]] (born 1954) |9 February 2014 |28 February 2014 | |Independent |- ! ! ![[Nasirul Mulk]] |2014 |2014 | | |- ! !(12) ![[Mamnoon Hussain]] {{small|(1941–2021)}} |28 February 2014 |12 March 2015 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- ! !— ![[Raza Rabbani]] (1953 —) |12 March 2015 |26 March 2015 | |Independent |- ! ! ![[Anwar Zaheer Jamali]] |26 March 2015 |26 March 2015 | | |- ! !(12) ![[Mamnoon Hussain]] {{small|(1941–2021)}} |26 March 2015 |26 March 2018 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- ! ! ![[Jawwad S. Khawaja]] |2015 |2015 | | |- ! ! ![[Saqib Nisar]] |26 March 2018 |26 March 2018 | | |- ! !— ![[Sadiq Sanjrani]] (born 1978) |26 March 2018 |1 September 2018 | |Independent |- ! !— ![[Asad Qaiser]](1969) |1 September 2018 |1 September 2018 | |[[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] |- ! !(12) ![[Mamnoon Hussain]] {{small|(1941–2021)}} |1 September 2018 |9 September 2018 | |[[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] |- | ! style="background-color:{{party color|Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf}}; color:white;" |13 ! scope="row" |[[Arif Alvi]] (born 1949) |9 September 2018 |10 April 2022 |[[2018 Pakistani presidential election|2018]] |[[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] |- | | ![[Asif Saeed Khosa]] |9 September 2018 |9 September 2018 | | |- ! ! rowspan="2" |— ! rowspan="2" |[[Sadiq Sanjrani]] (born 1978) |9 September 2018 |9 September 2022 | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |Independent |- | |10 April 2022 |12 April 2022 |- ! ! ![[Gulzar Ahmed]] |12 April 2022 |12 April 2022 | | |- ! !(13) ![[Arif Alvi]] (born 1949) |12 April 2022 |9 September 2023 | |[[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] |- ! !— ![[Raja Pervaiz Ashraf]] (born 1950) |9 September 2023 |9 September 2023 | |Independent |- ! !— ![[Sadiq Sanjrani]] (born 1978) |9 September 2023 |9 September 2023 | |Independent |- ! ! ![[Umar Ata Bandial]] |9 September 2023 |9 September 2023 | | |- ! ! ![[Qazi Faez Isa]] |9 September 2023 |9 September 2023 | | |- ! !(11) !Asif Ali Zardari {{small|(born 1955)}} |9 September 2023 |9 April 2024 | |Independent |- ! !— ![[Yusuf Raza Gilani]] (1952-) |9 April 2024 |28 April 2024 | |Independent |- ! !— !Ayaz Sadiq (born 1954) |28 April 2024 |28 April 2024 | |Independent |- ! !(11) !Asif Ali Zardari {{small|(born 1955)}} |28 April 2024 |Incumbent | |Independent |- ! !— ![[Asim Munir]] |2024 |2024 | | |- ! !— ![[Sahir Shamshad Mirza]] |2024 |2024 | | |- ! !— ![[Naveed Ashraf]] |2024 |2024 | | |- ! !— ![[Asim Malik]] |2024 |2024 | | |- ! !— ![[Zaheer Ahmad Babar]] |2024 |2024 | | |- ! !— ![[Yahya Afridi]] |2024 |2024 | | |} == Li bhi dekho == Fatima Jinnah [[vibhag:P]] [[vibhag:Pakistan]] pww4hk7pff0rnqj5k87pu9j1x9apfft 0 67383 337512 336289 2026-08-23T07:43:32Z ~2026-45822-61 41077 /* Career */ the previous text was in hindi nd I just translated it into english 337512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Pooja Misrra|image=Pooja Missra at The Aap Ki Awaz Award 2012 (6).jpg|caption=|birth_name=Pooja Misrra|birth_date=22 March 1984|birth_place=Munger, Bihar, India|nationality=Indian|occupation=Model, Television personality, VJ, Social Media Influencer|years_active=2010–present}} '''Pooja Misra''' is an Indian model, television and media personality. She is known for appearing in various television shows in the 2010s such as [[:en:Bigg_Boss_(Hindi_TV_series)_season_5|''Bigg Boss 5'']] (2011). Known for her outspoken and aggressive behaviour, Misra is subject to various online controversies and her online posts and videos frequently spawn various viral memes worldwide over all social media platforms.<ref>https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/pooja-misrra-banned-from-entering-house/articleshow/50529895.cms</ref><ref>https://thecitycarnival.com/pooja-misra-global-impact-coachella/</ref> == Career == Pooja Misrra started her career with modelling. Later, she took part in several Indian television reality shows. After her appearance in Bigg Boss 5, she became quite popular on media and social media. == Controversies == ''Bigg Boss 5'' ke dauran Pooja Misrra apne fellow contestants ke saath arguments aur confrontations ke liye jaani gayin, jiske kaaran unhe show se early eviction ka samna karna pada.<ref>https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/pooja-mishra-slaps-rs-100-cr-defamation-case-against-sunny-leone/</ref> == See also == * bigg boss * bhosdaverse == References == {{reflist}}{{Authority control}} 8rfbmzx96seeyi98knz6c0ku1ji9ztg 337513 337512 2026-08-23T07:45:01Z ~2026-45822-61 41077 /* Controversies */ Translated the text from Hindi to English 337513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Pooja Misrra|image=Pooja Missra at The Aap Ki Awaz Award 2012 (6).jpg|caption=|birth_name=Pooja Misrra|birth_date=22 March 1984|birth_place=Munger, Bihar, India|nationality=Indian|occupation=Model, Television personality, VJ, Social Media Influencer|years_active=2010–present}} '''Pooja Misra''' is an Indian model, television and media personality. She is known for appearing in various television shows in the 2010s such as [[:en:Bigg_Boss_(Hindi_TV_series)_season_5|''Bigg Boss 5'']] (2011). Known for her outspoken and aggressive behaviour, Misra is subject to various online controversies and her online posts and videos frequently spawn various viral memes worldwide over all social media platforms.<ref>https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/pooja-misrra-banned-from-entering-house/articleshow/50529895.cms</ref><ref>https://thecitycarnival.com/pooja-misra-global-impact-coachella/</ref> == Career == Pooja Misrra started her career with modelling. Later, she took part in several Indian television reality shows. After her appearance in Bigg Boss 5, she became quite popular on media and social media. == Controversies == ''During Bigg Boss 5, Pooja Misrra was known for her arguments and confrontations with her fellow contestants, which led to her early eviction from the show.'' == See also == * bigg boss * bhosdaverse == References == {{reflist}}{{Authority control}} nn9hii1ypjwsbwpsxhds1trdmzbuhtc 3 69542 337511 2026-08-22T15:04:59Z New user message 12502 Adding [[Template:Welcome|welcome message]] to new user's talk page 337511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=RehanSabawat}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 15:04, 22 August 2026 (UTC) ljwp6l65cqmjiegow55pu698hvokbgx 3 69543 337515 2026-08-23T08:26:03Z New user message 12502 Adding [[Template:Welcome|welcome message]] to new user's talk page 337515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=Falwaria}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 08:26, 23 August 2026 (UTC) alsy9v7a1y57fy8u559w7htjh33ibo3 10 69544 337519 2026-08-23T10:02:32Z Hanga1966 35932 Panna jisme "<includeonly>{{normal|{{lang|{{{1|}}}|{{{2|}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude>" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337519 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{normal|{{lang|{{{1|}}}|{{{2|}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> 6rpht2nf2b3m6gjjc5nzx8tgp4k0dfn 10 69545 337520 2026-08-23T10:03:53Z Hanga1966 35932 Panna jisme "<span style{{=}}"font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude>" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337520 wikitext text/x-wiki <span style{{=}}"font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">{{{1}}}</span><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> by5g2x3z4239sbhbwj4w94fvh04nsbn 10 69546 337522 2026-08-23T10:07:32Z Hanga1966 35932 Panna jisme "<includeonly>{{#invoke:Footnotes|sfn |bracket_year_left = ( |bracket_year_right = ) |template=sfnp }}</includeonly>{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using sfn with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Sfnp]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ignore-err | at | loc | p | page | pages | postscript | pp | ps | ref | Ref | group}}<noincl..." hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337522 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Footnotes|sfn |bracket_year_left = ( |bracket_year_right = ) |template=sfnp }}</includeonly>{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using sfn with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Sfnp]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ignore-err | at | loc | p | page | pages | postscript | pp | ps | ref | Ref | group}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> gk11i81pscd7xwivs6h5yo5jb8y08cl 10 69547 337523 2026-08-23T10:08:38Z Hanga1966 35932 Panna jisme "<includeonly>{{#invoke:Footnotes|sfnm |bracket_year_left = ( |bracket_year_right = ) |template=sfnmp }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude>" hae ke banae dewa gais hae. 337523 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Footnotes|sfnm |bracket_year_left = ( |bracket_year_right = ) |template=sfnmp }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 347ginkjgekg1bavpp24f3kahhg5ern