Wikipedia hifwiki https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahila_Panna MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.20 first-letter saadhan khaas baat sadasya sadasya ke baat Wikipedia Wikipedia baat file file ke baat MediaWiki MediaWiki ke baat Template Template ke baat madat madat ke baat vibhag voibhag ke baat TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 6351 338323 338047 2026-09-19T17:07:20Z InternetArchiveBot 26740 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260919sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 338323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox military conflict | conflict = Vietnam War | part_of = the [[Indochina wars|Indochina Wars]] and the [[Cold War]] | image = {{Multiple image | image1 = U.S. Army UH-1H Hueys insert ARVN troops at Khâm Đức, Vietnam, 12 July 1970 (79431435).jpg | caption1 = American [[Bell UH-1 Iroquois|Huey]] helicopters inserting South Vietnamese [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam|ARVN]] troops, 1970 | image2 = Pavnbattle.jpg | caption2 = North Vietnamese [[People's Army of Vietnam|PAVN]] troops in action, {{circa|1966}} | image3 = Hue Massacre Interment.jpg | caption3 = Burial of civilians killed in the [[Massacre at Huế|Huế massacre]], 1968 | image4 = Flame Thrower. Operation New Castle. - NARA - 532488.tif | caption4 = [[United States Marine Corps|American marines]] using a [[flamethrower]], 1967 | image5 = Bombing in Vietnam (rotated).jpg | caption5 = Aerial bombing in [[Operation Rolling Thunder]] | image6 = Saigon Execution.jpg | caption6 = ''[[Saigon Execution]]'': South Vietnamese general [[Nguyễn Ngọc Loan]] summarily executes [[Viet Cong]] captain Lê Công Nà during the [[Tet Offensive]], 1968 | width = 180 | perrow = 1/2/2/1 | border = infobox | total_width = 300 }} | date = circa 1955<ref group=A name="start date" />{{snd}}30 April 1975 | location = {{flatlist| * [[South Vietnam]] * [[North Vietnam]] * [[Kingdom of Laos|Laos]] * [[Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–1970)|Cambodia]] * [[South China Sea]] * [[Gulf of Thailand]] }} | territory = {{bulleted list | Reunification of [[North Vietnam]] and [[Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam|South Vietnam]] into the [[Vietnam|Socialist Republic of Vietnam]] in 1976 |Chinese control of the [[Paracel Islands]] }} | result = [[North Vietnam]]ese victory | combatant2 = {{Plainlist| * {{Flag|South Vietnam}} * {{Flag|United States|1960}} * {{Flagcountry|Third Republic of Korea}} * {{Flag|Australia}} * {{Flag|New Zealand}} * {{Flagcountry|Kingdom of Laos}} (from 1959) * {{Flagcountry|Khmer Republic}} * {{Flag|Thailand|1932}} * {{Flagcountry|Fourth Philippine Republic}} * {{Flag|Taiwan}} }} | combatant1 = {{Plainlist| * {{Flag|North Vietnam}} * {{Flagcountry|Viet Cong}} and [[Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam|PRG]] * {{Flagdeco|Laos}} [[Pathet Lao]] * {{Flagdeco|Cambodia|1975}} [[Khmer Rouge]] * {{Flagdeco|Cambodia|1973}} [[GRUNK]] * {{Flag|China}} * {{Flag|Soviet Union|1955}} * {{Flag|North Korea|1948}} }} | strength1 = '''≈860,000''' (1967) {{Plainlist| * {{Flagdeco|North Vietnam}} North Vietnam:<br>690,000 (1966, including [[People's Army of Vietnam|PAVN]] and Viet Cong){{Refn|group="A"|According to Hanoi's official history, the Viet Cong was a branch of the People's Army of Vietnam.<ref>{{Harvnb|Military History Institute of Vietnam|2002|p=182}}. "By the end of 1966 the total strength of our armed forces was 690,000 soldiers."</ref>}} * {{Flagdeco|Republic of South Vietnam}} Viet Cong:<br>~200,000 (estimated, 1968)<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Doyle |first1=Edward |title=The Vietnam Experience The North |last2=Lipsman |first2=Samuel |last3=Maitland |first3=Terence |publisher=Time Life Education |year=1986 |isbn=978-0-939526-21-5 |pages=45–49}}</ref> * {{Flagdeco|China|1949}} China:<br>170,000 (1968)<br>320,000 total<ref name="Toledo Blade 320,000 Chinese troops">{{Cite news |date=16 May 1989 |title=China admits 320,000 troops fought in Vietnam |work=Toledo Blade |agency=Reuters |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&dat=19890516&id=HkRPAAAAIBAJ&pg=3769,1925460 |access-date=24 December 2013 |archive-date=2 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702034430/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&dat=19890516&id=HkRPAAAAIBAJ&pg=3769,1925460 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Roy">{{Cite book |last=Roy |first=Denny |url=https://archive.org/details/chinasforeignrel0000royd/page/27 |title=China's Foreign Relations |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-8476-9013-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/chinasforeignrel0000royd/page/27 27]}}</ref><ref name="Womack">{{Cite book |last=Womack |first=Brantly |title=China and Vietnam |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-521-61834-2 |page=[{{GBurl|id=GaZvX2BzeegC|p=176}} 179]|publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> * {{Flagdeco|Cambodia|1975}} Khmer Rouge:<br>70,000 (1972)<ref name="Tucker">{{Cite book |last=Tucker |first=Spencer C |title=The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-85109-960-3}}</ref>{{Rp|376}} * {{Flagdeco|Laos}} Pathet Lao:<br>48,000 (1970)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Area Handbook Series Laos |url=http://www.country-data.com/frd/cs/laos/la_glos.html#Lao |access-date=1 November 2019 |archive-date=7 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307033933/http://www.country-data.com/frd/cs/laos/la_glos.html#Lao |url-status=live }}</ref> * {{Flagdeco|USSR}} Soviet Union: 10,359+<ref name="LMN">{{Cite web |last=Lê Minh Nam |date=2025 |title=Chuyên gia quân sự Liên Xô và hành trình 10 năm hỗ trợ Việt Nam chống Mỹ, cứu nước |url=https://vietnamnet.vn/chuyen-gia-quan-su-lien-xo-va-10-nam-ho-tro-viet-nam-chong-my-cuu-nuoc-2389949.html |website=VietnamNet |quote=Theo thống kê của Tổng cục Tác chiến Bộ Tổng Tham mưu Các lực lượng vũ trang Liên Xô, từ ngày 11/7/1965 đến ngày 31/12/1974, có 6.359 sĩ quan, tướng lĩnh và hơn 4.500 binh sĩ, hạ sĩ quan Liên Xô đã tham gia chiến đấu, trong đó, có 13 chuyên gia đã hy sinh do bom đạn Mỹ, 3 chuyên gia mất tại Việt Nam vì bệnh tật |trans-quote=According to statistics from the [[Main Operational Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces|Main Operational Directorate of the General Staff]] of the Soviet Armed Forces, between 11 July 1965 and 31 December 1974, 6,359 Soviet officers and generals and over 4,500 Soviet soldiers and non-commissioned officers took part in combat activities, including 13 specialists who died due to US bombs and 3 specialists who died in Vietnam from illness.}}</ref> * {{Flagdeco|North Korea|1948}} North Korea: 200<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pham Thi Thu Thuy |date=1 August 2013 |title=The colorful history of North Korea-Vietnam relations |work=[[NK News]] |url=https://www.nknews.org/2013/08/the-colorful-history-of-north-korea-vietnam-relations/ |access-date=3 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150424055821/http://www.nknews.org/2013/08/the-colorful-history-of-north-korea-vietnam-relations/|archive-date=24 April 2015}}</ref> }} | strength2 = '''≈1,420,000''' (1968) {{Plainlist| * {{Flagdeco|South Vietnam}} South Vietnam:<br>850,000 (1968)<br>1,500,000 (1974–1975)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Le Gro |first=William |url=https://history.army.mil/html/books/090/90-29/CMH_Pub_90-29.pdf |title=Vietnam from ceasefire to capitulation |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |year=1985 |isbn=978-1-4102-2542-9 |page=28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202012033/https://history.army.mil/html/books/090/90-29/CMH_Pub_90-29.pdf|archive-date=2 February 2023}}</ref> * {{Flagdeco|US|1960}} United States:<br>2,709,918 serving in Vietnam total<br>Peak: 543,400 (April 1969)<ref name=Tucker/>{{Rp|xlv}} * {{Flagdeco|Cambodia|1970}} Khmer Republic:<br>200,000{{Citation needed|date=November 2022}} * {{Flagdeco|Laos|1952}} Laos:<br>72,000 (Royal Army and [[Hmong people|Hmong]] militia)<ref>{{Cite web |title=The rise of Communism |url=http://www.footprinttravelguides.com/c/4999/the-rise-of-communism |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101117114707/http://footprinttravelguides.com/c/4999/the-rise-of-communism/ |archive-date=17 November 2010 |access-date=31 May 2018 |website=www.footprinttravelguides.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hmong rebellion in Laos |url=http://members.ozemail.com.au/~yeulee/Topical/Hmong%20rebellion%20in%20Laos.html |access-date=11 April 2021 |website=Members.ozemail.com.au|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404230156/http://members.ozemail.com.au/~yeulee/Topical/Hmong%20rebellion%20in%20Laos.html|archive-date=4 April 2023}}</ref> * {{Flagdeco|Third Republic of Korea}} South Korea:<br>48,000 per year (1965–1973, 320,000 total) * {{Flagdeco|Thailand|1939}} Thailand: Peak: 11,570 (1969)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vietnam War Allied Troop Levels 1960–73 |url=http://www.americanwarlibrary.com/vietnam/vwatl.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160802134052/http://www.americanwarlibrary.com/vietnam/vwatl.htm |archive-date=2 August 2016 |access-date=2 August 2016}}, accessed 7 November 2017</ref> * {{Flagdeco|Australia}} Australia: 50,190 total (Peak: 8,300 combat troops)<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Doyle |first1=Jeff |last2=Grey |first2=Jeffrey |last3=Pierce |first3=Peter |date=2002 |title=Australia's Vietnam War – A Select Chronology of Australian Involvement in the Vietnam War |url=https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/14206/3/14206_Doyle_et_al_2002_Back_Pages.pdf |publisher=[[Texas A&M University Press]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221110165929/https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/14206/3/14206_Doyle_et_al_2002_Back_Pages.pdf|archive-date=10 November 2022}}</ref> * {{Flagdeco|New Zealand}} New Zealand: Peak: 552 in 1968<ref name=Blackburn>{{cite book|last=Blackburn|first=Robert M.|title=Mercenaries and Lyndon Johnson's "More Flage": The Hiring of Korean, Filipino, and Thai Soldiers in the Vietnam War|publisher=McFarland|year=1994|isbn=0-89950-931-2}}</ref>{{rp|158}} * {{Flagdeco|Fourth Philippine Republic}} Philippines: 2,061 }} | commander1 = {{Plainlist| * {{Flagicon|North Vietnam}} [[Ho Chi Minh|Hồ Chí Minh]]{{Natural Causes}} * {{Flagicon|North Vietnam}} [[Lê Duẩn]] * {{Flagicon|North Vietnam}} [[Lê Đức Thọ]] * {{Flagicon|North Vietnam}} [[Phạm Văn Đồng]] * {{Flagdeco|South Vietnam|1975}} [[Nguyễn Chí Thanh]]{{Natural Causes}} * {{Flagdeco|South Vietnam|1975}} [[Trần Văn Trà]] * ''...{{Nbsp}}[[Leaders of the Vietnam War#Communist forces|and others]]'' }} | commander2 = {{Plainlist| * {{Flagicon|South Vietnam}} [[Ngo Dinh Diem|Ngô Đình Diệm]]{{Assassinated|Arrest and assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem}} * {{Flagicon|South Vietnam}} [[Nguyễn Văn Thiệu]] * {{Flagicon|South Vietnam}} [[Nguyễn Cao Kỳ]] * {{Flagicon|US|1960}} [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Dwight Eisenhower]] * {{Flagicon|US|1960}} [[John F. Kennedy]]{{Assassinated|Assassination of John F. Kennedy}} * {{Flagicon|US|1960}} [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] * {{Flagicon|US|1960}} [[Richard Nixon]] * {{Flagicon|US|1960}} [[Robert McNamara]] * {{Flagicon|US|1960}} [[Melvin Laird]] * {{Flagicon|US|1960}} [[William Westmoreland|W. C. Westmoreland]] * {{Flagicon|US|1960}} [[Creighton Abrams]] * ''...{{Nbsp}}[[Leaders of the Vietnam War#Anti-communist forces|and others]]'' }} | casualties1 = {{Plainlist| * {{Flagdeco|North Vietnam}}{{Flagdeco|Republic of South Vietnam}} North Vietnam and Viet Cong: * 30,000–182,000 civilian dead<ref name=Tucker/>{{Rp|176}}<ref name="Hirschman">{{cite journal |last1=Hirschman |first1=Charles |last2=Preston |first2=Samuel |last3=Loi |first3=Vu Manh |title=Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_population-and-development-review_1995-12_21_4/page/783 |journal=Population and Development Review |date=1995 |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=783–812 |doi=10.2307/2137774 |jstor=2137774 }}</ref><ref name=Lewy/>{{Rp|450–453}}<ref name=bfvietnam>{{Cite web |title=Battlefield:Vietnam – Timeline |url=http://www.pbs.org/battlefieldvietnam/timeline/index2.html |publisher=[[PBS]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604101618/http://www.pbs.org/battlefieldvietnam/timeline/index2.html|archive-date=4 June 2023}}</ref> * 849,018 military dead (per Vietnam; 1/3 non-combat deaths)<ref name="Moyar, Mark" /><ref name="Chuyen">{{Cite web |year=2015 |orig-year=2013 |title=Chuyên đề 4 CÔNG TÁC TÌM KIẾM, QUY TẬP HÀI CỐT LIỆT SĨ TỪ NAY ĐẾN NĂM 2020 VÀ NHỮNG NĂM TIẾP THEO |trans-title=Special Subject 4: The Work of Locating and Recovering the Remains of Martyrs From Now Until 2020 and Later Years |url=http://datafile.chinhsachquandoi.gov.vn/Qu%E1%BA%A3n%20l%C3%BD%20ch%E1%BB%89%20%C4%91%E1%BA%A1o/Chuy%C3%AAn%20%C4%91%E1%BB%81%204.doc |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404230151/http://datafile.chinhsachquandoi.gov.vn/Qu%E1%BA%A3n%20l%C3%BD%20ch%E1%BB%89%20%C4%91%E1%BA%A1o/Chuy%C3%AAn%20%C4%91%E1%BB%81%204.doc |archive-date=4 April 2023}}<br /> In {{Cite web |year=2015 |orig-year=2013 |title=Tập huấn công tác chính sách |trans-title=Training on Policy Affairs |url=http://chinhsachquandoi.gov.vn/tinbai/309/Tap-huan-cong-tac-chinh-sach |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217065036/http://chinhsachquandoi.gov.vn/tinbai/309/Tap-huan-cong-tac-chinh-sach |archive-date=17 December 2018 |access-date=11 June 2018 |publisher=[[Ministry of Defence (Vietnam)|Ministry of Defence]], Government of Vietnam |language=vi}}</ref> * 666,000–950,765 dead (US estimated 1964–1974){{Refn|Upper figure initial estimate, later thought to be inflated by at least 30% (lower figure)<ref name=Hirschman/><ref name=Lewy/>{{Rp|450–453}}|name=USclaim|group=A}}<ref name=Hirschman/><ref name=Lewy/>{{Rp|450–451}} * 232,000+ military missing (per Vietnam)<ref name="Moyar, Mark">Moyar, Mark. "Triumph Regained: The Vietnam War, 1965–1968". Encounter Books, December 2022. Chapter 17 index: "Communists provided further corroboration of the proximity of their casualty figures to American figures in a postwar disclosure of total losses from 1960 to 1975. During that period, they stated, they lost 849,018 killed plus approximately 232,000 missing and 463,000 wounded. Casualties fluctuated considerably from year to year, but a degree of accuracy can be inferred from the fact that 500,000 was 59% of the 849,018 total and that 59% of the war's days had passed by the time of Fallaci's conversation with Giap. The killed in action figure comes from "Special Subject 4: The Work of Locating and Recovering the Remains of Martyrs From Now Until 2020 And Later Years," downloaded from the Vietnamese government website datafile on 1 December 2017. The above figures on missing and wounded were calculated using Hanoi's declared casualty ratios for the period of 1945 to 1979, during which time the Communists incurred 1.1 million killed, 300,000 missing, and 600,000 wounded. Ho Khang, ed, ''Lich Su Khang Chien Chong My, Cuu Nuoc 1954–1975, Tap VIII: Toan Thang'' (Hanoi: Nha Xuat Ban Chinh Tri Quoc Gia, 2008), 463."</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Joseph Babcock |date=29 April 2019 |title=Lost Souls: The Search for Vietnam's 300,000 or More MIAs |url=https://pulitzercenter.org/stories/lost-souls-search-vietnams-300000-or-more-mias |access-date=28 June 2021 |website=Pulitzer Centre|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221110165934/https://pulitzercenter.org/stories/lost-souls-search-vietnams-300000-or-more-mias|archive-date=10 November 2022}}</ref> * 600,000+ military wounded{{sfn|Hastings|2018|p=739}} *{{Flagdeco|Cambodia|1975}} Khmer Rouge: unknown *{{Flagicon|Laos}} Pathet Lao: unknown *{{Flagu|China|1949}}: ~1,100 dead and 4,200 wounded<ref name=Womack/> *{{Flagu|Soviet Union}}: 16 dead<ref name="LMN" /> *{{Flagu|North Korea|1948}}: 14 dead<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 March 2000 |title=North Korea fought in Vietnam War |work=[[BBC News Online]] |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/696970.stm |access-date=18 October 2015|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312063506/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/696970.stm|archive-date=12 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/publication/NKIDP_eDossier_2_North_Korean_Pilots_in_Vietnam_War.pdf|title=North Korean Pilots in the Skies over Vietnam|last=Pribbenow|first=Merle|publisher=[[Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars]]|date=November 2011|access-date=3 March 2023|page=1|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605173651/https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/publication/NKIDP_eDossier_2_North_Korean_Pilots_in_Vietnam_War.pdf|archive-date=5 June 2023}}</ref> }} {{Plainlist| * '''Total military dead:''' * ≈1,100,000 * '''Total missing:''' * ≈300,000 * '''Total military wounded:''' * ≈604,200 * (excluding [[Khmer Rouge]] and [[Pathet Lao]]) }} | casualties2 = {{Plainlist| * {{Flagu|South Vietnam}}: * 195,000–430,000 civilian dead<ref name=Hirschman/><ref name="Lewy">{{Cite book |last=Lewy |first=Guenter |title=America in Vietnam |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1978 |isbn=978-0-19-987423-1 |author-link=Guenter Lewy}}</ref>{{Rp|450–453}}{{sfn|Thayer|1985|p={{page needed|date=May 2025}}}} * Military dead: 313,000 (total)<ref name="Rummel">{{Citation |last=Rummel |first=R. J. |title=Vietnam Democide |url=http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB6.1A.GIF |work=Freedom, Democracy, Peace; Power, Democide, and War, University of Hawaii System |year=1997 |format=GIF|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313125242/http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB6.1A.GIF|archive-date=13 March 2023}}</ref> 1,170,000 military wounded<ref name=Tucker/>{{Rp|}} * ≈1,000,000 captured<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hosmer |first1=Stephen T. |last2=Jenkins |first2=Brian Michael |last3=Kellen |first3=Konrad |title=The Fall of South Vietnam: Statements by Vietnamese Military and Civilian Leaders |date=1978 |publisher=Rand |isbn=978-0-8330-0045-3 |oclc=855302546 |url=https://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R2208.html }}{{page needed|date=May 2025}}</ref> * {{Flagu|United States|1960}}: * 58,281 dead<ref name="2new">{{Cite press release |title=2021 NAME ADDITIONS AND STATUS CHANGES ON THE VIETNAM VETERANS MEMORIAL |date=4 May 2021 |url=https://www.vvmf.org/News/2021-Name-Additions-and-Status-Changes-on-the-Vietnam-Veterans-Memorial/ |author=Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230429132111/https://www.vvmf.org/News/2021-Name-Additions-and-Status-Changes-on-the-Vietnam-Veterans-Memorial/|archive-date=29 April 2023}}</ref> (47,434 from combat)<ref name="NARACasualties">{{Citation |title=National Archives–Vietnam War US Military Fatal Casualties |date=15 August 2016 |url=https://www.archives.gov/research/military/vietnam-war/casualty-statistics#hostile |access-date=29 July 2020 |archive-date=26 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526173917/https://www.archives.gov/research/military/vietnam-war/casualty-statistics#hostile |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NARACasualties"/> * 303,644 wounded<ref name="USd&w" group="A" /> * {{Flagu|Laos|1952}}: 15,000 army dead<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lomperis |first1=Timothy J. |title=From People's War to People's Rule: Insurgency, Intervention, and the Lessons of Vietnam |date=1996 |publisher=University of North Carolina Press |isbn=978-0-8078-2273-9 }}{{page needed|date=May 2025}}</ref> * {{Flagdeco|Cambodia|1970}} Khmer Republic: unknown * {{Flagdeco|Third Republic of Korea}} South Korea: 5,099 dead; 10,962 wounded; 4 missing * {{Flagu|Australia}}: 526 dead; 3,129 wounded<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dva.gov.au/news/latest-stories/remembering-those-who-served-in-the-vietnam-war |title=Remembering those who served in the Vietnam War |access-date=18 August 2025 |year=2025 |publisher=Australian Government - Department of Veterans' Affairs}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Australian casualties in the Vietnam War, 1962–72 |url=http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/vietnam/statistics |access-date=29 June 2013 |publisher=Australian War Memorial|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214111653/https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/encyclopedia/vietnam/statistics|archive-date=14 February 2023}}</ref> * {{Flagu|Thailand|1939}}: 351 dead<ref name=Tucker/>{{Rp|}} * {{Flagu|New Zealand}}: 37 dead<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 1965 |title=Overview of the war in Vietnam |url=http://vietnamwar.govt.nz/resources |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726010609/http://vietnamwar.govt.nz/resources |archive-date=26 July 2013 |access-date=29 June 2013 |publisher=New Zealand and the Vietnam War}}</ref> * {{Flagu|Taiwan}}: 25 dead;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 October 2013 |title=America Wasn't the Only Foreign Power in the Vietnam War |url=http://militaryhistorynow.com/2013/10/02/the-international-vietnam-war-the-other-world-powers-that-fought-in-south-east-asia/ |access-date=10 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418045659/http://militaryhistorynow.com/2013/10/02/the-international-vietnam-war-the-other-world-powers-that-fought-in-south-east-asia/|archive-date=18 April 2023}}</ref> * 17 captured<ref>{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|115866424}} |title=Vietnam Reds Said to Hold 17 From Taiwan as Spies |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/13/archives/vietnam-reds-said-to-hold-17-from-taiwan-as-spies.html |work=The New York Times |date=13 July 1964 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307170856/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/13/archives/vietnam-reds-said-to-hold-17-from-taiwan-as-spies.html |archive-date=7 March 2023 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live }}</ref> * {{Flagdeco|Fourth Philippine Republic}} Philippines: 9 dead;<ref>{{cite book |last1=Larsen |first1=Stanley Robert |last2=Collins, Jr. |first2=James Lawton |title=Allied Participation in Vietnam |date=2005 |url=https://history.army.mil/Portals/143/Images/Publications/Publication%20By%20Title%20Images/A%20Titles%20PDF/CMH_Pub_90-5-1.pdf?ver=kNA54nobZmjnmnuA6dNRng%3d%3d }}{{page needed|date=May 2025}}</ref> 64 wounded<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 1970 |title=Asian Allies in Vietnam |url=http://175thengineers.homestead.com/Philcav.pdf |access-date=18 October 2015 |publisher=Embassy of South Vietnam|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230521032045/http://175thengineers.homestead.com/Philcav.pdf|archive-date=21 May 2023}}</ref> }} {{Plainlist| * '''Total military dead:''' * 392,369 * '''Total military wounded:''' * ≈1,340,000<ref name=Tucker/>{{Rp|}} * (excluding [[Khmer National Armed Forces|FANK]]) * '''Total military captured:''' * ≈1,000,000 }} | casualties3 = {{Plainlist| * Vietnamese civilian dead: 405,000–2,000,000<ref name=Lewy/>{{Rp|450–453}}<ref name="Shenon">{{Cite news |last=Shenon |first=Philip |date=23 April 1995 |title=20 Years After Victory, Vietnamese Communists Ponder How to Celebrate |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/23/world/20-years-after-victory-vietnamese-communists-ponder-how-to-celebrate.html |access-date=24 February 2011 |quote=The Vietnamese government officially claimed a rough estimate of 2 million civilian deaths, but it did not divide these deaths between those of North and South Vietnam |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527230912/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/23/world/20-years-after-victory-vietnamese-communists-ponder-how-to-celebrate.html|archive-date=27 May 2023 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref name="Obermeyer">{{Cite journal |last1=Obermeyer |first1=Ziad |last2=Murray |first2=Christopher J. L. |last3=Gakidou |first3=Emmanuela |date=23 April 2008 |title=Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_british-medical-journal_2008-06-28_336_7659/page/n43 |journal=[[British Medical Journal]] |volume=336 |issue=7659 |pages=1482–1486 |doi=10.1136/bmj.a137 |pmc=2440905 |pmid=18566045 |quote=From 1955 to 2002, data from the surveys indicated an estimated 5.4 million violent war deaths{{Nbsp}}... 3.8 million in Vietnam}}</ref> * '''Vietnamese total dead''': 966,000<ref name=Hirschman/>–3,010,000<ref name=Obermeyer/> * '''Cambodian Civil War dead''': 275,000–310,000<ref name="Heuveline">{{Cite book |last=Heuveline |first=Patrick |title=Forced Migration and Mortality |publisher=[[National Academies Press]] |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-309-07334-9 |pages=102–104, 120, 124 |chapter=The Demographic Analysis of Mortality Crises: The Case of Cambodia, 1970–1979 |quote=As best as can now be estimated, over two million Cambodians died during the 1970s because of the political events of the decade, the vast majority of them during the mere four years of the 'Khmer Rouge' regime.{{Nbsp}}... Subsequent reevaluations of the demographic data situated the death toll for the [civil war] in the order of 300,000 or less.}}</ref><ref name="Banister">{{Cite book |last1=Banister |first1=Judith |url=https://archive.org/details/genocidedemocrac00kier |title=Genocide and Democracy in Cambodia: The Khmer Rouge, the United Nations and the International Community |last2=Johnson |first2=E. Paige |publisher=Yale University Southeast Asia Studies |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-938692-49-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/genocidedemocrac00kier/page/97 97] |quote=An estimated 275,000 excess deaths. We have modeled the highest mortality that we can justify for the early 1970s. |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name="Sliwinski">{{Cite book |last=Sliwinski |first=Marek |title=Le Génocide Khmer Rouge: Une Analyse Démographique |publisher=[[L'Harmattan]] |year=1995 |isbn=978-2-7384-3525-5 |pages=42–43, 48 |trans-title=The Khmer Rouge genocide: A demographic analysis}}</ref> * '''Laotian Civil War dead''': 20,000–62,000<ref name=Obermeyer/> * '''Non-Indochinese military dead''': 65,494 * '''Total dead''': 1,326,494–3,447,494 * {{Crossreference|For more information see [[Vietnam War casualties]] and [[List of aircraft losses of the Vietnam War|Aircraft losses of the Vietnam War]]}} }} | notes = {{flagicon image|Flag of FULRO.svg}} [[FULRO]] fought an [[FULRO insurgency|insurgency]] against both [[South Vietnam]] and [[North Vietnam]] with the [[Viet Cong]], and was supported by [[Cambodia]]. | campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Indochina Wars}} {{Campaignbox Vietnam War}} {{Campaignbox Vietnam War massacres}} }} '''Vietnam ke Larrai''' [[1959]] se [[1975]] talak chalaa. Ii larrai [[North Vietnam]] aur [[South Vietnam]] ke biich me rahaa. North Vietnam ke [[Soviet Union|USSR]] aur [[China]] support karat rahaa, jab ki South Vietnam ke [[United States]], [[South Korea]], [[Thailand]], [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], aur [[Philippines]] support karat rahaa. Ii larrai jon ki communists aur pro-American des ke biich me rahaa ke [[Cold War]] ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa. == Larrai ke kaaran == [[World War II]] se pahile, Vietnam, French colony [[Indochina]] ke ek hissa rahaa. World War II ke time, Japanese Indochina ke occupy kar liis rahaa. Larrai ke baad jab French logan Vietnam ke fir se aapan niche kare ke kosis karis tab uske virod Vietminh karis. Vietminh 1941 me communist party suruu karis rahaa aur iske leader [[Ho Chi Minh|Hồ Chí Minh]] rahaa. July 1954 me France aur Vietminh [[Geneva Peace Accord]] sign karin jiske niche Vietminh North Vietnam ke sarkar banis aur anti-communist Vietnamese, jaada kar ke Catholics, "regrouped" South me, Bao Dai ke niche, jon ki pahile ke emperor rahaa ke niche sarkar banaa. == References == {{reflist}} == Duusra websites == * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/3798581.stm The herbicide Agent Orange has left a lasting legacy on Vietnam] {{commons}} [[Category:V]] [[Category:Vietnam]] p1drj5amtnv6rk9583rjtb9hmjpax4e 8 19120 338324 329255 2026-09-20T09:42:16Z NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh 27773 Remove deprecated option. See [[:phab:T298199|T298199]] for more information. ([[:m:GS|global sysop]] action) 338324 wikitext text/x-wiki == editing-gadgets == * HotCat|HotCat.js == appearance == *WikidataInfo|WikidataInfo.js 56jeto7jjd6v2gs20cg3rudmtbcl2kv 0 69680 338321 2026-09-19T14:33:11Z SDK 1252 41472 New page 338321 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arjun Panchariya Sindhu''' bhāratīya lekhako ca kavi ca samājasevako ca. So Rājasthānassa Bīkānerena sambandhito. Tassa keci kabbāni ''Amar Ujala Kavya''-ssa “Mere Alfaz” nāmake vibhāge pakāsitāni.<ref>{{cite web |title=समय का प्रबंधन |url=https://www.amarujala.com/kavya/mere-alfaz/arajana-pacaraya-poem-on-time-management-by-arjun-panchariya-2024-01-09 |website=Amar Ujala Kavya |access-date=7 June 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=अर्जुन पंचारिया सिंधू: संघर्ष ही जीवन है |url=https://www.amarujala.com/kavya/mere-alfaz/branded-marwadi-arjun-panchariya-sindhu-sangharsh-hi-jivan-hai-2025-02-16 |website=Amar Ujala Kavya |access-date=7 June 2026}}</ref> 2024-vasse ''thinQ360''-mhi pakāsitāya vattāya anussārena, so Rāṣṭrīya Paraśurāma Senā Yuvasamūhassa Bīkānera-jillādhyakkho niyutto.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bikaner: सिंधू बने राष्ट्रीय परशुराम सेना युवा मोर्चा के जिलाध्यक्ष |url=https://thinq360.com/arjun-panchariya-sindhu-president-of-parshuram-sena |website=thinQ360 |date=14 November 2024 |access-date=7 June 2026}}</ref> == Sāhaccaṃ == Tassa keci Hindi-kabbāni ''Amar Ujala Kavya''-ssa “Mere Alfaz” vibhāge pakāsitāni. “Samaya kā Prabandhana” nāmakaṃ kabbaṃ 2024-vasse pakāsitaṃ.<ref>{{cite web |title=समय का प्रबंधन |url=https://www.amarujala.com/kavya/mere-alfaz/arajana-pacaraya-poem-on-time-management-by-arjun-panchariya-2024-01-09 |website=Amar Ujala Kavya |access-date=7 June 2026}}</ref> “Saṅgharṣa hī Jīvana hai” nāmakaṃ kabbaṃ 2025-vasse pakāsitaṃ.<ref>{{cite web |title=अर्जुन पंचारिया सिंधू: संघर्ष ही जीवन है |url=https://www.amarujala.com/kavya/mere-alfaz/branded-marwadi-arjun-panchariya-sindhu-sangharsh-hi-jivan-hai-2025-02-16 |website=Amar Ujala Kavya |access-date=7 June 2026}}</ref> == Samājakiccaṃ == 2024-vasse ''thinQ360''-mhi pakāsitā vattā Arjun Panchariya Sindhuṃ Rāṣṭrīya Paraśurāma Senā Yuvasamūhassa Bīkānera-jillādhyakkhattāya niyuttaṃ ti vadati.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bikaner: सिंधू बने राष्ट्रीय परशुराम सेना युवा मोर्चा के जिलाध्यक्ष |url=https://thinq360.com/arjun-panchariya-sindhu-president-of-parshuram-sena |website=thinQ360 |date=14 November 2024 |access-date=7 June 2026}}</ref> == Ādhārā == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Panchariya Sindhu, Arjun}} [[Category:Indian writers]] [[Category:Indian poets]] j67pb1have61bz7e6f6h41drowe08nd 3 69681 338322 2026-09-19T14:33:11Z New user message 12502 Adding [[Template:Welcome|welcome message]] to new user's talk page 338322 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=SDK 1252}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 14:33, 19 Saptambar 2026 (UTC) 6q2snkyo5jddp2tzgv6v803ryj3h2nv 3 69682 338325 2026-09-20T10:08:29Z New user message 12502 Adding [[Template:Welcome|welcome message]] to new user's talk page 338325 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=Pradipmurmu01}} -- [[sadasya:New user message|New user message]] ([[sadasya ke baat:New user message|talk]]) 10:08, 20 Saptambar 2026 (UTC) pwvm0cypgwb45gu5pfvcdk34xg64bzl