Medsin

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  <page>
    <title>Medsin</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>881604</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-01T15:38:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yelnats98</username>
        <id>19721</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>retire yon teks ki an anglè</comment>
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      <text bytes="162" sha1="jza0267af9ge7la86s09nklcsr8l8of" xml:space="preserve">'''Medsin''' se yon syans ak yon teknik ki etidye :
* fonksyònman kò moun
* konsèvasyon ak retablisman [[lasante]]


[[Kategori:Non komen]]
[[Kategori:Medsin]]</text>
      <sha1>jza0267af9ge7la86s09nklcsr8l8of</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Lasante</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yelnats98</username>
        <id>19721</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>reekri paj la konplè</comment>
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      <text bytes="999" sha1="nysn2i9ur6lhy21oxfudca1zty3nrul" xml:space="preserve">Òganizasyon Mondyal Lasante (OMS) defini sante kòm &quot;yon eta byennèt fizik, mantal ak sosyal konplè.&quot; Konsèp sa a ale pi lwen pase senp absans maladi oswa enfimite, li anglobe balans jeneral yon moun nan anviwònman li. 

Twa dimansyon fondamantal sante yo baze sou yon apwòch holistic: 
Fizik: Bon fonksyònman kò a, ògàn li yo ak kapasite motè li yo. 
Mantal: Ekilib sikolojik, devlopman entelektyèl ak jesyon estrès. 
Sosyal: Kapasite pou entegre nan anviwònman yon moun, pou kenbe relasyon amonye epi pou jwe yon wòl itil nan sosyete a. 

Evolisyon Vizyon Sante a: 
Definisyon Klasik: Depi lontan, an tèm byomedikal, yo te wè sa kòm senp absans sentòm oswa patoloji.
Apwòch aktyèl: OMS la pwopoze yon vizyon dinamik. Konstitisyon Ottawa a (1986) presize ke sante se yon resous pou lavi chak jou, ki pèmèt moun reyalize anbisyon yo, satisfè bezwen yo, epi adapte yo ak anviwònman yo.

== Referans ==
{{referans}}
== Lyen deyò ==

[[Kategori:Non komen]]
[[Kategori:Medsin]]</text>
      <sha1>nysn2i9ur6lhy21oxfudca1zty3nrul</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>881606</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-01T15:53:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yelnats98</username>
        <id>19721</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Added links</comment>
      <origin>881606</origin>
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      <text bytes="1066" sha1="nbwjdm8tj0qjuui5maiy6b9wrf003w1" xml:space="preserve">[[Òganizasyon Mondyal Lasante]] (OMS) defini sante kòm &quot;yon eta byennèt fizik, mantal ak sosyal konplè.&quot; Konsèp sa a ale pi lwen pase senp absans maladi oswa enfimite, li anglobe balans jeneral yon moun nan anviwònman li. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.who.int/fr/about/governance/constitution&lt;/ref&gt;

Twa dimansyon fondamantal sante yo baze sou yon apwòch holistic: 
Fizik: Bon fonksyònman kò a, ògàn li yo ak kapasite motè li yo. 
Mantal: Ekilib sikolojik, devlopman entelektyèl ak jesyon estrès. 
Sosyal: Kapasite pou entegre nan anviwònman yon moun, pou kenbe relasyon amonye epi pou jwe yon wòl itil nan sosyete a. 

Evolisyon Vizyon Sante a: 
Definisyon Klasik: Depi lontan, an tèm byomedikal, yo te wè sa kòm senp absans sentòm oswa patoloji.
Apwòch aktyèl: OMS la pwopoze yon vizyon dinamik. Konstitisyon Ottawa a (1986) presize ke sante se yon resous pou lavi chak jou, ki pèmèt moun reyalize anbisyon yo, satisfè bezwen yo, epi adapte yo ak anviwònman yo.

== Referans ==
{{referans}}
== Lyen deyò ==

[[Kategori:Non komen]]
[[Kategori:Medsin]]</text>
      <sha1>nbwjdm8tj0qjuui5maiy6b9wrf003w1</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>881607</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:12:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yelnats98</username>
        <id>19721</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>mizanfòm</comment>
      <origin>881607</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1130" sha1="0c11wjvtbv2wzd4lclas9256z7k1fse" xml:space="preserve">[[Òganizasyon Mondyal Lasante]] (OMS) defini sante kòm &quot;yon eta byennèt fizik, mantal ak sosyal konplè.&quot; Konsèp sa a ale pi lwen pase senp absans maladi oswa enfimite, li anglobe balans jeneral yon moun nan anviwònman li. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.who.int/fr/about/governance/constitution&lt;/ref&gt;

==Dimansyon fondamantal sante yo==
Twa dimansyon fondamantal sante yo baze sou yon apwòch holistic: 
===Fizik=== 
Bon fonksyònman kò a, ògàn li yo ak kapasite motè li yo. 
===Mantal===
Ekilib sikolojik, devlopman entelektyèl ak jesyon estrès. 
===Sosyal===
Kapasite pou entegre nan anviwònman yon moun, pou kenbe relasyon amonye epi pou jwe yon wòl itil nan sosyete a. 

==Evolisyon Vizyon Sante a==
===Definisyon Klasik=== 
Depi lontan, an tèm byomedikal, yo te wè sa kòm senp absans sentòm oswa patoloji.
===Apwòch aktyèl===
OMS la pwopoze yon vizyon dinamik. Konstitisyon Ottawa a (1986) presize ke sante se yon resous pou lavi chak jou, ki pèmèt moun reyalize anbisyon yo, satisfè bezwen yo, epi adapte yo ak anviwònman yo.

== Referans ==
{{referans}}
== Lyen deyò ==

[[Kategori:Non komen]]
[[Kategori:Medsin]]</text>
      <sha1>0c11wjvtbv2wzd4lclas9256z7k1fse</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:13:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yelnats98</username>
        <id>19721</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Added links</comment>
      <origin>881608</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1134" sha1="3ay2bcq05e2wus42hdeis02qxhfnusp" xml:space="preserve">[[Òganizasyon Mondyal Lasante]] (OMS) defini sante kòm &quot;yon eta byennèt fizik, mantal ak sosyal konplè.&quot; Konsèp sa a ale pi lwen pase senp absans [[maladi]] oswa enfimite, li anglobe balans jeneral yon moun nan anviwònman li. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.who.int/fr/about/governance/constitution&lt;/ref&gt;

==Dimansyon fondamantal sante yo==
Twa dimansyon fondamantal sante yo baze sou yon apwòch holistic: 
===Fizik=== 
Bon fonksyònman kò a, ògàn li yo ak kapasite motè li yo. 
===Mantal===
Ekilib sikolojik, devlopman entelektyèl ak jesyon estrès. 
===Sosyal===
Kapasite pou entegre nan anviwònman yon moun, pou kenbe relasyon amonye epi pou jwe yon wòl itil nan sosyete a. 

==Evolisyon Vizyon Sante a==
===Definisyon Klasik=== 
Depi lontan, an tèm byomedikal, yo te wè sa kòm senp absans sentòm oswa patoloji.
===Apwòch aktyèl===
OMS la pwopoze yon vizyon dinamik. Konstitisyon Ottawa a (1986) presize ke sante se yon resous pou lavi chak jou, ki pèmèt moun reyalize anbisyon yo, satisfè bezwen yo, epi adapte yo ak anviwònman yo.

== Referans ==
{{referans}}
== Lyen deyò ==

[[Kategori:Non komen]]
[[Kategori:Medsin]]</text>
      <sha1>3ay2bcq05e2wus42hdeis02qxhfnusp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>881609</id>
      <parentid>881608</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:17:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yelnats98</username>
        <id>19721</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>add images</comment>
      <origin>881609</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1222" sha1="9cq0euunvhgaqi3y58la2ynw9vuted5" xml:space="preserve">[[Òganizasyon Mondyal Lasante]] (OMS) defini sante kòm &quot;yon eta byennèt fizik, mantal ak sosyal konplè.&quot; Konsèp sa a ale pi lwen pase senp absans [[maladi]] oswa enfimite, li anglobe balans jeneral yon moun nan anviwònman li. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.who.int/fr/about/governance/constitution&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fichye:Star_of_life2.svg|vignette|Zetwal lavi a : li reprezante la sante an jeneral]]

==Dimansyon fondamantal sante yo==
Twa dimansyon fondamantal sante yo baze sou yon apwòch holistic: 
===Fizik=== 
Bon fonksyònman kò a, ògàn li yo ak kapasite motè li yo. 
===Mantal===
Ekilib sikolojik, devlopman entelektyèl ak jesyon estrès. 
===Sosyal===
Kapasite pou entegre nan anviwònman yon moun, pou kenbe relasyon amonye epi pou jwe yon wòl itil nan sosyete a. 

==Evolisyon Vizyon Sante a==
===Definisyon Klasik=== 
Depi lontan, an tèm byomedikal, yo te wè sa kòm senp absans sentòm oswa patoloji.
===Apwòch aktyèl===
OMS la pwopoze yon vizyon dinamik. Konstitisyon Ottawa a (1986) presize ke sante se yon resous pou lavi chak jou, ki pèmèt moun reyalize anbisyon yo, satisfè bezwen yo, epi adapte yo ak anviwònman yo.

== Referans ==
{{referans}}
== Lyen deyò ==

[[Kategori:Non komen]]
[[Kategori:Medsin]]</text>
      <sha1>9cq0euunvhgaqi3y58la2ynw9vuted5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>881610</id>
      <parentid>881609</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:19:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yelnats98</username>
        <id>19721</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Dimansyon fondamantal sante yo */ Added links</comment>
      <origin>881610</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1224" sha1="33epwwl5qvnbe4rm2ewc4e1zbexzn45" xml:space="preserve">[[Òganizasyon Mondyal Lasante]] (OMS) defini sante kòm &quot;yon eta byennèt fizik, mantal ak sosyal konplè.&quot; Konsèp sa a ale pi lwen pase senp absans [[maladi]] oswa enfimite, li anglobe balans jeneral yon moun nan anviwònman li. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.who.int/fr/about/governance/constitution&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fichye:Star_of_life2.svg|vignette|Zetwal lavi a : li reprezante la sante an jeneral]]

==Dimansyon fondamantal sante yo==
Twa dimansyon fondamantal sante yo baze sou yon apwòch olistik: 
===Fizik=== 
Bon fonksyònman kò a, [[ògàn]] li yo ak kapasite motè li yo. 
===Mantal===
Ekilib sikolojik, devlopman entelektyèl ak jesyon estrès. 
===Sosyal===
Kapasite pou entegre nan anviwònman yon moun, pou kenbe relasyon amonye epi pou jwe yon wòl itil nan sosyete a.

==Evolisyon Vizyon Sante a==
===Definisyon Klasik=== 
Depi lontan, an tèm byomedikal, yo te wè sa kòm senp absans sentòm oswa patoloji.
===Apwòch aktyèl===
OMS la pwopoze yon vizyon dinamik. Konstitisyon Ottawa a (1986) presize ke sante se yon resous pou lavi chak jou, ki pèmèt moun reyalize anbisyon yo, satisfè bezwen yo, epi adapte yo ak anviwònman yo.

== Referans ==
{{referans}}
== Lyen deyò ==

[[Kategori:Non komen]]
[[Kategori:Medsin]]</text>
      <sha1>33epwwl5qvnbe4rm2ewc4e1zbexzn45</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>881611</id>
      <parentid>881610</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:23:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yelnats98</username>
        <id>19721</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>881611</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1295" sha1="nhahfu2yju3zvkuyuw2fny45cnzf6u3" xml:space="preserve">[[Òganizasyon Mondyal Lasante]] (OMS) defini sante kòm &quot;yon eta byennèt fizik, mantal ak sosyal konplè.&quot; Konsèp sa a ale pi lwen pase senp absans [[maladi]] oswa enfimite, li anglobe balans jeneral yon moun nan anviwònman li. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/fr/about/governance/constitution|title=Constitution|language=fr|access-date=2026-06-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fichye:Star_of_life2.svg|vignette|Zetwal lavi a : li reprezante la sante an jeneral]]

==Dimansyon fondamantal sante yo==
Twa dimansyon fondamantal sante yo baze sou yon apwòch olistik: 
===Fizik=== 
Bon fonksyònman kò a, [[ògàn]] li yo ak kapasite motè li yo. 
===Mantal===
Ekilib sikolojik, devlopman entelektyèl ak jesyon estrès. 
===Sosyal===
Kapasite pou entegre nan anviwònman yon moun, pou kenbe relasyon amonye epi pou jwe yon wòl itil nan sosyete a.

==Evolisyon Vizyon Sante a==
===Definisyon Klasik=== 
Depi lontan, an tèm byomedikal, yo te wè sa kòm senp absans sentòm oswa patoloji.
===Apwòch aktyèl===
OMS la pwopoze yon vizyon dinamik. Konstitisyon Ottawa a (1986) presize ke sante se yon resous pou lavi chak jou, ki pèmèt moun reyalize anbisyon yo, satisfè bezwen yo, epi adapte yo ak anviwònman yo.

== Referans ==
{{referans}}
== Lyen deyò ==

[[Kategori:Non komen]]
[[Kategori:Medsin]]</text>
      <sha1>nhahfu2yju3zvkuyuw2fny45cnzf6u3</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Taptap</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:50:34Z</timestamp>
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        <id>25431</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="1061" sha1="e7lbgpn2xmjcv9bswds82dumtna0wv1" xml:space="preserve">{{eboch}}
[[File:Tap_tap_public_transportation_Haiti.jpg|lien=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tap_tap_public_transportation_Haiti.jpg|droite|vignette|Yon bis tap tap yo itilize pou vwayaj ki pi long.]]
'''Taptap''' se yon vwati ki ap woule [[Ayiti]], li ap transpòte moun, li genyen anpil [[koulè]].&lt;ref name=&quot;pbs&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20100402004812/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/weather/jan-june10/haiti_03-30.html Haiti's 'Tap Tap' Bus Art Flourishes After Quake] PBS Newshour, March 30, 2010&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;tt&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130204231641/http://www.traveladventures.org/continents/southamerica/tap-tap.shtml Haiti: Tap-taps] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204231641/http://www.traveladventures.org/continents/southamerica/tap-tap.shtml|date=2013-02-04}} traveladventures.org&lt;/ref&gt;

== Referans ==
{{referans}}
== Lyen deyò ==

{{definisyon
|fanmi=non komen
|sans=*'''Taptap''' se yon vwati ki ap woule Ayiti, li ap transpòte moun, li genyen anpil koulè.
|imaj=Taptap-jacmel.jpg
}}

[[kategori:transpò]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Itilizatè:PK2/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-02T00:05:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>PK2</username>
        <id>3523</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>add sandbox pages for new Wikipedia editions</comment>
      <origin>881617</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38857" sha1="lih4vdthrwxgkdg36intuck0f778qwi" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%&quot;
|+ Pages I have in my sandbox
|-
| [[User:PK2/Modèl:Peyi|/Modèl:Peyi]]
|}

;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; font-size:85%&quot;&gt;My sandbox pages in different languages by language code&lt;/div&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ A
|-
| [[:ab:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ab&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ace:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Acehnese language|Acehnese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ace&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ady:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Adyghe language|Adyghe]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ady&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:af:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Afrikaans|Afrikaans]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;af&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:als:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Alemannic German|Alemannic German]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;als&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:alt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Southern Altai language|Southern Altai]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;alt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:am:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Amharic|Amharic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;am&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ami:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Amis language|Amis]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ami&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:an:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aragonese language|Aragonese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;an&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ang:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Old English|Old English]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ang&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:ann:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Obolo language|Obolo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ann&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:anp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Angika|Angika]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;anp&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ar:User:PK2/ملعب|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Arabic|Arabic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ar&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:arc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aramaic|Aramaic]] ([[:en:Syriac language|Syriac]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;arc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ary:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Moroccan Arabic|Moroccan Arabic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ary&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:arz:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Egyptian Arabic|Egyptian Arabic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;arz&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:as:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Assamese language|Assamese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;as&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ast:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Asturleonese language|Asturleonese]] ([[:en:Asturian language|Asturian]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ast&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:atj:User:PK2/Kokwetcitasinahikan|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Atikamekw language|Atikamekw]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;atj&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:av:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Avar language|Avar]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;av&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:avk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kotava|Kotava]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;avk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:awa:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Awadhi language|Awadhi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;awa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ay:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aymara language|Aymara]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ay&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:az:User:PK2/Qaralama|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;az&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:azb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Azerbaijani language#South Azerbaijani|South Azerbaijani]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;azb&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ B
|-
| [[:ba:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bashkir language|Bashkir]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ba&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ban:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Balinese language|Balinese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ban&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bar:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bavarian language|Bavarian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bar&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bat-smg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Samogitian language|Samogitian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bat-smg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bbc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Toba Batak language|Toba Batak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bbc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bcl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Central Bikol|Central Bikol]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bcl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bdr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sama–Bajaw languages|West Coast Bajau]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bdr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:be:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Belarusian language|Belarusian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;be&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:be-tarask:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Belarusian language|Belarusian]] ([[:en:Taraškievica|Taraškievica]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;be-tarask&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bew:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Betawi language|Betawi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bew&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:bg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bihari languages|Bihari]] ([[:en:Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bislama|Bislama]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bjn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Banjarese language|Banjarese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bjn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:blk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pa'O language|Pa'O]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;blk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bambara language|Bambara]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bn:User:PK2/খেলাঘর|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bengali language|Bengali]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Central Tibetan|Central Tibetan]] ([[:en:Lhasa Tibetan|Lhasa Tibetan]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bpy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bishnupriya Manipuri|Bishnupriya Manipuri]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bpy&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:br:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Breton language|Breton]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;br&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:bs:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bosnian language|Bosnian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bs&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:btm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mandailing Batak language|Mandailing Batak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;btm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bug:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Buginese language|Buginese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bug&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:bxr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Buryat language|Buryat]] (Russia Buriat)&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;bxr&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ C
|-
| [[:ca:User:PK2/proves|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Catalan language|Catalan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ca&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cbk-zam:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chavacano|Chavacano]] (Zamboanga)&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cbk-zam&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cdo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Eastern Min|Eastern Min]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cdo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ce:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chechen language|Chechen]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ce&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ceb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cebuano language|Cebuano]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ceb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ch:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chamorro language|Chamorro]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ch&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:chr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cherokee language|Cherokee]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;chr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:chy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cheyenne language|Cheyenne]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;chy&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:ckb:User:PK2/خۆڵەپەتانێ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kurdish language|Kurdish]] ([[:en:Sorani|Sorani]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ckb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:co:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Corsican language|Corsican]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;co&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:crh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;crh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cs:User:PK2/Pískoviště|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Czech language|Czech]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cs&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:csb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kashubian language|Kashubian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;csb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Old Church Slavonic|Old Church Slavonic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cu&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chuvash language|Chuvash]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:cy:User:PK2/Pwll Tywod|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Welsh language|Welsh]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;cy&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ D
|-
| [[:da:User:PK2/sandkasse|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Danish language|Danish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;da&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dag:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dagbani language|Dagbani]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dag&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:de:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:German language|German]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;de&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dga:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dagaare language|Dagaare]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dga&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:din:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dinka language|Dinka]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;din&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:diq:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zaza language|Zaza]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;diq&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dsb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lower Sorbian language|Lower Sorbian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dsb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dtp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dusun language|Dusun]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dtp&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dty:User:PK2/प्रयोगस्थल|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Doteli|Doteli]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dty&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Maldivian language|Maldivian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:dz:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dzongkha|Dzongkha]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;dz&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ E
|-
| [[:ee:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ewe language|Ewe]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ee&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:el:User:PK2/πρόχειρο|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Greek language|Greek]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;el&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:eml:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Emilian–Romagnol|Emilian–Romagnol]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;eml&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:en:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:English language|English]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;en&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:eo:User:PK2/provejo|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Esperanto|Esperanto]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;eo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:es:User:PK2/Taller|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Spanish language|Spanish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;es&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:et:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Estonian language|Estonian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;et&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:eu:User:PK2/Proba orria|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Basque language|Basque]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;eu&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ext:User:PK2/obraol|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Extremaduran language|Extremaduran]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ext&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ F
|-
| [[:fa:User:PK2/صفحه تمرین|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Persian language|Persian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fat:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Akan language|Akan]] ([[:en:Fante dialect|Fante]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fat&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ff:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fula language|Fula]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ff&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Finnish language|Finnish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fiu-vro:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Võro language|Võro]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fiu-vro&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fj:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fijian language|Fijian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fj&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Faroese language|Faroese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fon:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fon language|Fon]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fon&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fr:User:PK2/Brouillon|/sandbox]] in [[:en:French language|French]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:frp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Franco-Provençal|Franco-Provençal]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;frp&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:frr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:North Frisian language|North Frisian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;frr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fur:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Friulian language|Friulian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fur&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:fy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:West Frisian language|West Frisian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;fy&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ G
|-
| [[:ga:User:PK2/Clár Dubh|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Irish language|Irish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ga&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gag:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gagauz language|Gagauz]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gag&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gan:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gan Chinese|Gan Chinese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gan&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gcr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:French Guianese Creole|French Guianese Creole]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gcr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Scottish Gaelic|Scottish Gaelic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gd&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Galician language|Galician]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:glk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gilaki language|Gilaki]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;glk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Guarani language|Guarani]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gom:User:PK2/proiogpan|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Konkani language|Konkani]] (Goan Konkani)&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gom&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:gor:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gorontalo language|Gorontalo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gor&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:got:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gothic language|Gothic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;got&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gpe:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ghanaian Pidgin English|Ghanaian Pidgin English]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gpe&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gujarati language|Gujarati]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gu&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:guc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Wayuu language|Wayuu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;guc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gur:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Farefare language|Farefare]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gur&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:guw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gun language|Gun]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;guw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:gv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Manx language|Manx]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;gv&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ H
|-
| [[:ha:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hausa language|Hausa]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ha&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hak:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hakka Chinese|Hakka Chinese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hak&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:haw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;haw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:he:User:PK2/טיוטה|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hebrew language|Hebrew]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;he&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hi:User:PK2/प्रयोगपृष्ठ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hindi|Hindi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hif:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fiji Hindi|Fiji Hindi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hif&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Croatian language|Croatian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hsb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Upper Sorbian language|Upper Sorbian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hsb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ht:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Haitian Creole|Haitian Creole]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ht&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hu:User:PK2/próbalap|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hungarian language|Hungarian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hu&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hy:User:PK2/Ավազարկղ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Armenian language|Armenian]] ([[:en:Eastern Armenian|Eastern Armenian]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hy&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:hyw:User:PK2/Սեւագրութիւն|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Western Armenian|Western Armenian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;hyw&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ I
|-
| [[:ia:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Interlingua|Interlingua]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ia&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:iba:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Iban language|Iban]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;iba&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:id:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Indonesian language|Indonesian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ie:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Interlingue|Interlingue]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ie&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ig:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Igbo language|Igbo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ig&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:igl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Igala language|Igala]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;igl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ik:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Iñupiaq language|Iñupiaq]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ik&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ilo:User:PK2/pagipadasan|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ilocano language|Ilocano]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ilo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:inh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ingush language|Ingush]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;inh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:io:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ido|Ido]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;io&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:is:User:PK2/sandkassi|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Icelandic language|Icelandic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;is&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:it:User:PK2/Sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Italian language|Italian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;it&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:iu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Inuktitut|Inuktitut]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;iu&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ J
|-
| [[:ja:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Japanese language|Japanese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ja&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:jam:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Jamaican Patois|Jamaican Patois]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;jam&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:jbo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lojban|Lojban]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;jbo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:jv:User:PK2/bak wedhi|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Javanese language|Javanese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;jv&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ K
|-
| [[:ka:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Georgian language|Georgian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ka&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kaa:User:PK2/qaralama|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Karakalpak language|Karakalpak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kaa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kab:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kabyle language|Kabyle]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kab&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kai:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Karai-karai|Karai-karai]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kai&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kaj:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Jju language|Jju]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kaj&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kbd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kabardian language|Kabardian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kbd&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kbp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kabiye language|Kabiye]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kbp&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kcg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tyap|Tyap]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kcg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kongo language|Kongo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kge:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Komering language|Komering]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kge&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ki:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kikuyu language|Kikuyu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ki&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kk:User:PK2/зертхана|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kazakh language|Kazakh]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:km:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Khmer language|Khmer]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;km&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:kn:User:PK2/ಪ್ರಯೋಗಪುಟ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kannada|Kannada]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:knc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Central Kanuri|Central Kanuri]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;knc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ko:User:PK2/연습장|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Korean language|Korean]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ko&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:koi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Komi-Permyak language|Komi-Permyak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;koi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:krc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Karachay-Balkar|Karachay-Balkar]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;krc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ks:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ks&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ksh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ksh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ku:User:PK2/ceribandin|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kurdish language|Kurdish]] ([[:en:Kurmanji|Kurmanji]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ku&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kus:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kusaal language|Kusaal]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kus&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Komi language|Komi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:kw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cornish language|Cornish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;kw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ky:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kyrgyz language|Kyrgyz]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ky&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ L
|-
| [[:la:User:PK2/Harenarium|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Latin|Latin]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;la&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lad:User:PK2/Kutí de prova|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Judaeo-Spanish|Judaeo-Spanish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lad&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Luxembourgish|Luxembourgish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lbe:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lak language|Lak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lbe&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lez:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lezgian language|Lezgian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lez&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lfn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lingua Franca Nova|Lingua Franca Nova]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lfn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Luganda|Luganda]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:li:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Limburgish|Limburgish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;li&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:lij:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ligurian language|Ligurian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lij&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lld:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ladin language|Ladin]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lld&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lmo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lombard language|Lombard]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lmo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ln:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lingala|Lingala]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ln&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lao language|Lao]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lt:User:PK2/juodraštis|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ltg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Latgalian language|Latgalian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ltg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:lv:User:PK2/Smilšu kaste|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Latvian language|Latvian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;lv&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ M
|-
| [[:mad:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Madurese language|Madurese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mad&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mai:User:PK2/प्रयोगपृष्ठ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Maithili language|Maithili]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mai&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:map-bms:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Javanese language|Javanese]] ([[:en:Banyumasan dialect|Banyumasan]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;map-bms&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mdf:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Moksha language|Moksha]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mdf&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Malagasy language|Malagasy]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mhr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Meadow Mari language|Meadow Mari]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mhr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Māori language|Māori]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:min:User:PK2/bak kasiak|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;min&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Macedonian language|Macedonian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ml:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Malayalam|Malayalam]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ml&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mongolian language|Mongolian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mn&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:mni:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Meitei language|Meitei]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mni&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mnw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mon language|Mon]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mnw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:m:mos:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mooré|Mooré]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mos&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Marathi language|Marathi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mrj:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hill Mari language|Hill Mari]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mrj&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ms:User:PK2/Kotak pasir|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Malay language|Malay]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ms&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Maltese language|Maltese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mwl:User:PK2/Testes|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mirandese language|Mirandese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mwl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:my:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Burmese language|Burmese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;my&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:myv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Erzya language|Erzya]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;myv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:mzn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mazanderani language|Mazanderani]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;mzn&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ N
|-
| [[:nah:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nah&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nap:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nap&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nds:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Low German|Low German]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nds&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nds-nl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dutch Low Saxon|Dutch Low Saxon]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nds-nl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ne:User:PK2/प्रयोगस्थल|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nepali language|Nepali]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ne&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:new:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Newar language|Newar]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;new&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nia:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nias language|Nias]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nia&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nl:User:PK2/Kladblok|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dutch language|Dutch]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nn:User:PK2/sandkasse|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Norwegian language|Norwegian]] ([[:en:Nynorsk|Nynorsk]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nn&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:no:User:PK2/sandkasse|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Norwegian language|Norwegian]] ([[:en:Bokmål|Bokmål]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;no&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nov:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Novial|Novial]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nov&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nqo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:N'Ko language|N'Ko]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nqo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Southern Ndebele language|Southern Ndebele]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nrm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Norman language|Norman]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nrm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nso:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Northern Sotho|Northern Sotho]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nso&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nup:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nupe language|Nupe]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nup&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:nv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Navajo language|Navajo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;nv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ny:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chewa language|Chewa]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ny&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ O
|-
| [[:oc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Occitan language|Occitan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;oc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:olo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Livvi-Karelian language|Livvi-Karelian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;olo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:om:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Oromo language|Oromo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;om&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:or:User:PK2/ପରଖଘର|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Odia language|Odia]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;or&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:os:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ossetian language|Ossetian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;os&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ P
|-
| [[:pa:User:PK2/ਕੱਚਾ ਖ਼ਾਕਾ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Punjabi language|Punjabi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pag:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pangasinan language|Pangasinan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pag&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pam:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kapampangan language|Kapampangan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pam&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pap:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Papiamento|Papiamento]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pap&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pcd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Picard language|Picard]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pcd&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pcm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nigerian Pidgin|Nigerian Pidgin]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pcm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pdc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pennsylvania Dutch language|Pennsylvania Dutch]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pdc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pfl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Palatine German dialects|Palatine German]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pfl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pali|Pali]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pi&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:pl:User:PK2/brudnopis|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Polish language|Polish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pms:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Piedmontese language|Piedmontese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pms&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pnb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (Western Punjabi)&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pnb&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pnt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pontic Greek|Pontic Greek]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pnt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ppl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nawat language|Nawat]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ppl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ps:User:PK2/ازمون‌مخ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pashto|Pashto]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ps&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pt:User:PK2/Testes|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Portuguese language|Portuguese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:pwn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Paiwan language|Paiwan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;pwn&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ Q
|-
| [[:qu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Quechuan languages|Quechua]] ([[:en:Southern Quechua|Southern Quechua]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;qu&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ R
|-
| [[:rki:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Rakhine language|Rakhine]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rki&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Romansh language|Romansh]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rmy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Romani language|Romani]] ([[:en:Vlax Romani language|Vlax Romani]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rmy&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kirundi|Kirundi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ro:User:PK2/teste|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Romanian language|Romanian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ro&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:roa-rup:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aromanian language|Aromanian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;roa-rup&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:roa-tara:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]] ([[:en:Tarantino dialect|Tarantino]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;roa-tara&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rsk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pannonian Rusyn|Pannonian Rusyn]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rsk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ru:User:PK2/Черновик|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Russian language|Russian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ru&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rue:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Rusyn language|Rusyn]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rue&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:rw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;rw&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ S
|-
| [[:sa:User:PK2/प्रयोगपृष्ठम्|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sanskrit|Sanskrit]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sah:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Yakut language|Yakut]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sah&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sat:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Santali language|Santali]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sat&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sardinian language|Sardinian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sc&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:scn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sicilian language|Sicilian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;scn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sco:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Scots language|Scots]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sco&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sd:User:PK2/مشق پٽي|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sindhi language|Sindhi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sd&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:se:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Northern Sámi|Northern Sámi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;se&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sango language|Sango]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sh:User:PK2/igralište|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Serbo-Croatian|Serbo-Croatian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:shi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Shilha language|Shilha]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;shi&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:shn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Shan language|Shan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;shn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:si:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sinhala language|Sinhala]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;si&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:simple:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Basic English|Basic English]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;simple&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sk:User:PK2/pieskovisko|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Slovak language|Slovak]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:skr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Saraiki language|Saraiki]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;skr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Slovene language|Slovene]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Samoan language|Samoan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:smn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Inari Sámi language|Inari Sámi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;smn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Shona language|Shona]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:so:User:PK2/Bacaadka|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Somali language|Somali]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;so&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sq:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Albanian language|Albanian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sq&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:sr:User:PK2/песак|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Serbian language|Serbian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:srn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sranan Tongo|Sranan Tongo]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;srn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ss:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Swazi language|Swazi]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ss&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:st:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sotho language|Sotho]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;st&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:stq:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Saterland Frisian language|Saterland Frisian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;stq&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:su:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sundanese language|Sundanese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;su&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sv:User:PK2/sandlåda|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Swedish language|Swedish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:sw:User:PK2/ukurasa wa majaribio|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Swahili language|Swahili]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;sw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:syl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sylheti language|Sylheti]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;syl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:szl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Silesian language|Silesian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;szl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:szy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sakizaya language|Sakizaya]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;szy&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ T
|-
| [[:ta:User:PK2/மணல்தொட்டி|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tamil language|Tamil]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ta&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tay:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Atayal language|Atayal]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tay&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tcy:User:PK2/ಕಲ್ಪುನ ಕಳ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tulu language|Tulu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tcy&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tdd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tai Nuea language|Tai Nuea]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tdd&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:te:User:PK2/ప్రయోగశాల|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Telugu language|Telugu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;te&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tet:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tetum language|Tetum]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tet&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tg:User:PK2/Сиёҳнавис|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tajik language|Tajik]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tg&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:th:User:PK2/ทดลองเขียน|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Thai language|Thai]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;th&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ti:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tigrinya language|Tigrinya]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ti&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tig:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tigre language|Tigre]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tig&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Turkmen language|Turkmen]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tl:User:PK2/burador|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tagalog language|Tagalog]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tl&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tly:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Talysh language|Talysh]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tly&lt;/code&gt;)
|-
| [[:tn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tswana language|Tswana]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tn&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:to:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tongan language|Tongan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;to&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tok:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Toki Pona|Toki Pona]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tok&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tpi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tok Pisin|Tok Pisin]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tpi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tr:User:PK2/deneme tahtası|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Turkish language|Turkish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tr&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:trv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Seediq language|Seediq]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;trv&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ts:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tsonga language|Tsonga]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ts&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tatar language|Tatar]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tt&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tum:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tumbuka language|Tumbuka]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tum&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Akan language|Akan]] (Twi)&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tw&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ty:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tahitian language|Tahitian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ty&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:tyv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tuvan language|Tuvan]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;tyv&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ U
|-
| [[:udm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Udmurt language|Udmurt]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;udm&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ug:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Uyghur language|Uyghur]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ug&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:uk:User:PK2/Чернетка|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;uk&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:ur:User:PK2/تختۂ مشق|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Urdu|Urdu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ur&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:uz:User:PK2/qumloq|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Uzbek language|Uzbek]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;uz&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ V
|-
| [[:ve:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Venda language|Venda]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;ve&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:vec:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Venetian language|Venetian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;vec&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:vep:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Veps language|Veps]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;vep&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:vi:User:PK2/nháp|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;vi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:vls:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:West Flemish|West Flemish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;vls&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:vo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;vo&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ W
|-
| [[:wa:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Walloon language|Walloon]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;wa&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:war:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Waray language|Waray]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;war&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:wo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Wolof language|Wolof]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;wo&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:wuu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Wu Chinese|Wu Chinese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;wuu&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ X
|-
| [[:xal:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Oirat language|Oirat]] ([[:en:Kalmyk Oirat|Kalmyk Oirat]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;xal&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:xh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Xhosa language|Xhosa]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;xh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:xmf:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mingrelian language|Mingrelian]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;xmf&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ Y
|-
| [[:yi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Yiddish|Yiddish]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;yi&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:yo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Yoruba language|Yoruba]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;yo&lt;/code&gt;)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; font-size:85%&quot;
|+ Z
|-
| [[:za:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zhuang languages|Zhuang]] ([[:en:Standard Zhuang|Standard Zhuang]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;za&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zea:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zeelandic|Zeelandic]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zea&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zgh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Standard Moroccan Amazigh|Standard Moroccan Amazigh]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zgh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zh:User:PK2/沙盒|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chinese language|Chinese]] ([[:en:Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin Chinese]])&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zh&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zh-classical:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Classical Chinese|Classical Chinese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zh-classical&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zh-min-nan:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Southern Min|Southern Min]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zh-min-nan&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zh-yue:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cantonese|Cantonese]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zh-yue&lt;/code&gt;)
| [[:zu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zulu language|Zulu]]&lt;br /&gt;(code: &lt;code&gt;zu&lt;/code&gt;)
|}</text>
      <sha1>lih4vdthrwxgkdg36intuck0f778qwi</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ògàn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>60256</id>
    <revision>
      <id>881613</id>
      <parentid>868924</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:30:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yelnats98</username>
        <id>19721</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>881613</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="536" sha1="knnpcdgqprt9zgv33jflf6bdnoqbjvh" xml:space="preserve">{{eboch}}
[[Imaj:Leber Schaf.jpg|250px|right|thumb|Fwa]]
'''Ògàn''' se yon gwoup oswa plizyè [[tisi]] ki òganize pou fè aktivite konplèks nan yon [[òganis]], pa egzanp [[kè]] a.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/hss/Creole_hs_O.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-08-02 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728065254/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/hss/Creole_hs_O.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Referans ==
{{referans}}
== Lyen deyò ==


[[Kategori:Syans]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Itilizatè:Yelnats98</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>67565</id>
    <revision>
      <id>881612</id>
      <parentid>712086</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-01T16:29:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yelnats98</username>
        <id>19721</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>881612</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="391" sha1="5viejsqbu7rytxkpn6cn2vxe5ks98as" xml:space="preserve">Je suis Haïtien.

En naviguant sur Wikipedia,  j'ai remarqué comment les pages dédiées à des sujets typiquement haïtiens sont pauvres en informations, et que le wikipedia haitien est quasiment vide.  Alors, j'ai décidé de mettre mes connaissances au profit de la communauté haïtienne en aidant à améliorer le Wikipedia haïtien et en améliorant certaines pages liées à Haïti.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Patikil sibatomik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>89214</id>
    <revision>
      <id>881618</id>
      <parentid>836923</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-02T00:59:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>161</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Replacing Atom.svg with [[File:Helium_atom_(not_to_scale).svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]] (meaningless or ambiguous name) · Naming according meaning.).</comment>
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      <text bytes="3227" sha1="s9ounfuz1ml4otna43ick3bpz7pxzpr" xml:space="preserve">{{Gade omonim|patikil}}
[[Image:Helium atom (not to scale).svg|vignette|Dygram yon atòm [[elyòm]] ki konpoze de de [[proton]]s, de [[netwon]]s ak de [[elektron]]s.]]

Yon '''patikil sibatomik''' se yon eleman nan [[matyè]]. Li pi piti pase yon [[atòm]]. Nou distenge [[patikil elemantè|patikil elemantè]] ak [[patikil konpoze|patikil konpoze]]. Branch fizik ki etidye yo rele fizik patikil.

== Nati ==
{{Atik detaye|Modèl estanda (fizik patikil)}}
Rechèch sou patikil sibatomik revele:
* sou yon bò, konstitiyan [[atomik|atomik]] yo tankou [[pwoton]] yo, [[neutwon]] yo ak [[elektwon]] yo, ansanm ak konstitiyan yo (an patikilye yo [[ quark]]);
* yon lòt bò, patikil ki pwodui nan fenomèn [[radyasyon]] ak [[dispèsyon]], tankou [[foton]], [[nettrino]], ak [[muon]].

Kèk patikil sibatomik yo rele ''[[elemantè|patikil elemantè]]'' lè nan etap aktyèl la nan rechèch nou pa te kapab idantifye estrikti entèn yo. Kontrèman, [[patikil konpoze]] [[Eta mare|konbine]] kèk patikil elemantè ki lye. Pa egzanp, pwoton ak netwon yo fèt ak [[quark]]s. Yo te dekouvri dè santèn de patikil konpoze depi ane 1960 yo.

Tout patikil yo obsève jiskaprezan te katalòg nan yon [[teyori jaden pwopòtik]] ki rele ''[[modèl estanda (fizik patikil)|modèl estanda]] (nan fizik patikil)'', yon reyalizasyon pati enpòtan nan fizik patikil. Modèl sa a klase 47 espès [[patikil elemantè|patikil elemantè]].
[[Image:Classement particules.jpg|vignette|upright=2.8|center|Òganizasyon [[patikil elemantè|patikil elemantè]].]]

== Deskripsyon kantik ==
{{Atik detaye|Teyori chan kwantik}}
Fè egzateman, tèm &quot;patikil&quot; la pa apwopriye paske objè yo etidye nan fizik patikil obeyi prensip [[mekanik pwopòsyon]]: patikil yo sijè a [[duality vag-patikil]], ki montre konpòtman patikil yo nan sèten kondisyon eksperimantal. ak sa ki nan [[vag]] nan lòt moun.

Teyorikman, patikil yo pa dekri ni kòm patikil ni kòm vag, men kòm [[vektè eta|vektè eta]] nan yon [[espas Hilbert]]. Dapre konvansyon fizisyen patikil yo itilize, tèm ''[[patikil elemantè|patikil elemantè]]'' yo itilize pou fè referans ak objè tankou [[elektron]] ak [[foton]]s, lè yo konnen ke sa yo '' patikil yo tou gen pwopriyete vag.

== Pi lwen pase modèl estanda a ==
Yo te jwenn modèl estanda a konfòme yo ak prèske tout tès eksperimantal ki fèt jiska dat, sepandan, pifò fizisyen patikil yo kwè ke li se yon deskripsyon enkonplè nan Lanati e ke yon teyori pi fondamantal ap tann. An patikilye, nou toujou ap tann pou yon modèl enkòpore tou de, san kontradiksyon, gravite sou yon echèl mikwoskopik ak modèl la estanda.

An 2008, komisyonin gwo kolizyon [[pwoton]]: [[Large Hadron Collider|LHC]], nan [[CERN]], ta dwe pèmèt nou apwofondi konesans nou sou [[modèl estanda (fizik)| modèl estanda]] nan fizik patikil e petèt revele ekstansyon pou li, men li pral san dout byen lwen pou rive nan ase enèji pou klarifye pwoblèm ki lye ak [[gravitasyon]].

== Patikil sibatomik ak filozofi ==

Fizik patikil te gen yon gwo enfliyans sou [[filozofi syans]]. Lide rediksyonis yo ki te motive anpil nan travay la nan zòn sa a te kritike pa divès filozòf ak syantis.

== Gade tou ==


[[Kategori:Patikil|*]]
[[Kategori:fizik]]</text>
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    <title>Telefòn mobil</title>
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      <text bytes="41072" sha1="bnt2tor0nhqegsz3v2k3dav8tecy69e" xml:space="preserve">{{Lòt|fim 2003 ki te dirije pa Feng Xiaogang|Telefòn mobil (fim)}}
{{Gade omonim|GSM}}
{{Konfizyon|Esmatfòn}}
[[File:Mobile phone PHS Japan 1997-2003.jpg|thumb|Divès telefòn mobil ki soti nan plizyè jenerasyon, ak de [[PCMCIA|PCMCIA kat]] kat telefòn mobil pou [[laptop|òdinatè laptop]] konpatib.]]
[[Image:Sagem My700xd.png|thumb|upright|Yon telefòn mobil nan ane 2000 yo: Sagem my700Xi, 2006. Klavye fizik, ti ​​ekran, kamera 1.3 megapiksèl.]]
[[Image:Galaxy Z Fold &amp; Galaxy Z Flip.jpg|thumb|dwat|[[Samsung Galaxy Z|Samsung Galaxy Z Flip3 ak Z Fold3]]. Manyen ekran ki kouvri tout kote aparèy la. ]]
Yon '''telefòn mobil'''&lt;ref group=&quot;note&quot;&gt;Tèm ki pi jenerik ak entènasyonal; [[Office québécois de la langue française]] rekomande (anbyen ke &quot;telefòn selilè&quot;) nan Quebec. Pa gen okenn rekòmandasyon ankò an Frans.&lt;/ref&gt;, '''telefòn mobil'''&lt;ref group=note&gt;Nan vokabilè aktyèl la, nan sèten peyi, sitou Lafrans, nou souvan itilize tèm &quot;pòtab&quot;, ki kapab tou al gade nan yon òdinatè pòtab. &quot;Mobil&quot; se mwens konfizyon.&lt;/ref&gt; oswa '''telefòn selilè'''&lt;ref group=note&gt;Tèm sa a, ki souvan itilize nan Quebec ak Aosta Valley, se vokabilè teknik nan lòt rejyon ki pale fransè nan mond lan. . Yon telefòn selilè se yon kalite espesyal telefòn mobil. Sepandan, a vas majorite nan telefòn mobil yo te itilize yo se telefòn selilè, de mo yo te pran menm siyifikasyon an nan vokabilè aktyèl la.&lt;/ref&gt; se yon [[aparèy elektwonik]] nan telekominikasyon, nòmalman pòtab, ki ofri fonksyon nan [[mobil. telefòn]] epi yo ka itilize sou gwo distans sijè a pwoteksyon rezo a.

Nan [[Bèljik]], nan [[Nouvo Caledonia]] ak nan [[Reunion Island]], tèm &quot;'''GSM'''' (pou [[Global System for Mobile Communications]], yon estanda nan mobil kominikasyon. kominikasyon telefòn) souvan itilize pou refere a yon telefòn mobil. Nan [[Swis]], nou konn pale de '''Natel''' (National Telefon, mak [[Swisscom]], non ansyen rezo telefòn mobil [[Natel]] pou machin yo). Nan [[Kanada]] ki pale franse ak nan [[Aosta Valley]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.regione.vda.it/servsociali/famiglia/servizi/assistenti_sociali/area_anziani_f.asp Sèvis asistans sosyal teritwa pou granmoun aje - Sit entènèt ofisyèl nan rejyon otonòm Valle d'Aosta]&lt;/ref&gt;, tèm '''selilè''' se souvan itilize.

Etid ki gen rapò ak ekipman telefòn mobil, kit entènasyonal&lt;ref name=&quot;Pew 2016-02&quot;&gt;[http://www.pewglobal.org/2016/02/22/smartphone-ownership-rates-skyrocket-in-many-emerging-economies-but-digital-divide-remains/ Pew Research Center Global divide on smartphone ownership Fevriye 2016]&lt;/ref&gt; oswa nasyonal&lt;ref name=&quot;Forgue&quot;&gt;{{Lyen entènèt | lang = | otè =Daniel Forgues et al. | tit = Konstriksyon 2..0 - Gid teknoloji mobil Quebec | dat = 2015 | passage=13|url = http://ceracq.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Guide-de-Tech.-Mobiles.pdf }}.&lt;/ref&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.economie.gouv.fr/files/files/directions_services/cge/Actualites/2015_11_27_barometre-numerique-2015.pdf digital barometer 2015 France]&lt;/ref&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.pewinternet.org/2012/09/11/smartphone-ownership-update-september-2012/ Pew Research Center Smartphone Ownership Update: Septanm 2012 USA]&lt;/ref&gt;, distenge de kategori prensipal telefòn mobil yo:

* [[telefòn mobil debaz|telefòn mobil debaz]] konsantre esansyèlman sou fonksyon telefòn;
* [[smartphone]], oswa telefòn multifonksyon, ki pi elabore, ki ofri anpil lòt posiblite.

Etid sa yo tout mete aksan sou ogmantasyon kontinye nan pwopòsyon de smartphones nan detriman nan telefòn mobil debaz yo. Itilizasyon yo kapab [[depandans|depandans]], an patikilye [[Depandans Smartphone|pou smartphone la]], se poutèt sa te gen yon [[Jounen Mondyal gratis telefòn mobil]] depi 2001.

== Istwa ==
{{Atik detaye|Istwa telefòn mobil|Istwa telekominikasyon}}
=== Envansyon ===
[[File:Festival des Vieilles Charrues 2014 - Indochine - 075.jpg|vignette|Yon telefòn selilè ki filme.]]
[[Telefòn]] mobil lan se rezilta diferan [[Teknoloji|teknoloji]] ki te deja egziste, sitou, nan ane 1970 yo]]. Se, pami lòt bagay, gras a envansyon &quot;selil Gamma elektrik&quot; pa [[Henry Sampson]] ak George H. Miley, ke &quot;telefòn mobil&quot; la te kapab parèt&lt;ref&gt;{{en} } [https://greaterdiversity.com/meet-henry-t-sampson-man-created-first-cell-phone-back-1971/ Henry T. Sampson te kreye premye telefòn selilè an 1971] greatdiversity.com, la 6 oktòb 2016&lt;/ref&gt;. Selil Gamma Elektrik la pèmèt siyal odyo yo voye ak resevwa lè l sèvi avèk onn radyo san fil (patant te depoze 6 jiyè 1971 anba {{n°|3591860}}).

Se Doktè [[Martin Cooper]], direktè rechèch ak devlopman nan [[Motorola]], ki te demontre li nan lari [[New York]] envansyon aparèy pòtab selilè a nan {{Dat|3 |avril |1973}}&lt;ref&gt;{{en}} ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=htV7fBG_fd0C&amp;lpg=PA355&amp;dq=inventeur%20mobile%20%22Martin%20Cooper%22&amp;pg=PA355#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=fo Envantè ak Envansyon, Volim 2]'', Marshall Cavendish, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;. Premye telefòn mobil komèsyal ki fèt pa Motorola te lanse nan {{Dat|6|Mas|1983}} nan [[Etazini]]: Motorola [[DynaTac 8000]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Toms_1&quot;&gt;{{ lien web|url=https://www.tomsguide.fr/article/histoire-telephone-portable,2-565-3.html|editor=[[Tom's Guide]]|title=Yon fwa, selil la telefòn |otè= Nicolas Aguila|date=2008-05-07|accessed on=2017-10-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Estanda Global ===
Premye aparèy [[Analòg|analòg]] yo te, nan ane 1980 yo, nan [[Advanced Mobile Phone System|AMPS]] estanda ([[DynaTac 8000]]&lt;ref&gt;{{en}} [http://www.mobilecollectors.net/phone/3575/Motorola+DynaTAC+8000M Motorola DynaTAC 8000M, standard: AMPS 800] mobilecollectors.net, consulté en mars 2017&lt;/ref&gt;),  [[Telefòn mobil nòdik|NMT]] oswa [[Radiocom 2000]]. Yo te ranplase yo pita pa aparèy ki itilize swa [[Etazini|Ameriken]] estanda dijital [[Advanced Mobile Phone System|D-AMPS]] oswa [[Code division multiple access|CDMA]], oswa sa yo ki gen orijin [[Ewòp| Ewopeyen]] [[Global System for Mobile Communications|GSM ak EDGE]], oswa menm pi resamman sa yo ki reyisi GSM (2G) ak defini pa gwoupman entènasyonal la [[3rd Generation Partnership Project|3GPP]]: [[Universal Mobile Telecommunications la. Sistèm|UMTS]] (3G), answit [[LTE (rezo mobil)|LTE]] (4G). Estanda GSM la te fèt nan kòmansman ane 1980 yo, nan yon dezi Ewopeyen yo genyen yon sistèm telefòn mobil pan-Ewopeyen komen, ki pèmèt [[Roaming (telephony)|roaming]] ant peyi yo, yo nan lòd yo mete fen nan konpetisyon ak. sistèm enkonpatib kanpe nan fwontyè yo. Lafrans ak Almay premye, Lè sa a, ansanm ak Itali ak Grann Bretay, te fè tès teknik posibilite nan yon sistèm dijital soti nan 1985 ivè, ak defini prensip debaz yo. Estanda GSM (2G) se baz pou 3G, 4G e kounye a [[5G]]. Yo aksepte ke envantè GSM yo, nan sans teknik ak politik, se mesye {{Lien|trad=Thomas_Haug|fr=Thomas Haug|texte=Thomas Haug}} ak [[Philippe Dupuis (enjenyè)|Philippe Dupuis]] , respektivman {{1st}} ak {{2nd}} prezidan komite GSM la. Pou sa, yo te resevwa 2018 IEEE/RSE James Clerk Maxwell Meday&lt;ref&gt;{{Web link|language=en-GB|name1=webmaster|firstname1=Ieee|title=Duke of Cambridge prezante meday Maxwell bay devlopè GSM|url = https://www.ieee-ukandireland.org/duke-of-cambridge-presents-maxwell-medals-to-gsm-developers/|site=IEEE - Seksyon UK and Ireland|accessed on=2020-02-16}} &lt;/ref&gt; nan men [[William of Cambridge|Prince William]], Duke of Cambridge. Konsènan estanda pwoteksyon sante an fas a kwasans eksponansyèl nan ekspoze a [[Radyasyon ki pa iyonize|radyasyon ki pa ionize]] ki soti nan antèn, mobil, elatriye}}, yo fikse sou baz pwopozisyon yon ONG: la. [[komisyon entènasyonal pou pwoteksyon kont radyasyon ki pa ionize]].

Dapre asosyasyon operatè GSM yo, [[GSM Association|GSMA]], estanda GSM, UMTS ak LTE yo te itilize an 2018 pa {{nobr|5.1|milya}} moun&lt;ref&gt;{{Lien web|lang = en-US|title=The Mobile Economy 2019|url=https://www.gsma.com/r/mobileeconomy/|site=The Mobile Economy|accessed=2020-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Kwonoloji an Frans ===
{{Loup|Téléphonie mobil an Frans}}

Nan {{dat-|Jiyè 1992}}, France Telecom te lanse premye [[rezo telefòn mobil]] 2G nan [[Global System for Mobile Communications|GSM]] estanda: [[itineris]].

Premye pakè yo te gen entansyon pou piblik la an 1996, epi an 1997 [[Kat Prepeye|Kat Prepeye]] te vin disponib. Dezyèm opsyon sa a te fè li posib pou demokratize telefòn mobil lan menm pou moun ki gen yon revni iregilye. Operatè yo te eseye vize jèn popilasyon an, moun ki fasil pou chanje abitid vi yo.

An 2001, [[Orange (konpayi)|Orange]] ([[France Télécom]]) ak [[SFR]] te jwenn yon lisans [[UMTS]] epi yo te devlope rezo [[GPRS]] yo, apre sa [[Enhanced Data Tarif pou GSM Evolution|EDGE]] ak UMTS. [[Bouygues Telecom]] te fè menm bagay la epi li te jwenn, an 2002, yon lisans UMTS pou rezo 3G li.

An 2009, [[Free mobil]] te jwenn bann frekans 3G; sa a pèmèt li pozisyone tèt li kòm katriyèm operatè mobil franse a ak objektif la nan bese pri yo nan òf aktyèl yo. Nan 2012, Free Mobile mete kanpe katriyèm rezo mobil an Frans ak de pou enfòmasyon mobil san angajman: youn nan {{unit|2|€}} ak dezyèm lan nan {{unit|19.99|€}} pou reyalize objektif li.

Ane 2012 la te make pa lansman katriyèm jenerasyon rezo telefòn mobil yo ([[4G]]). 4G pèmèt ou browse pi vit pase 3G ak vitès siyifikativman pi wo ak tan telechaje redwi. Kòm videyo ak pataje fichye mande pou pousantaj done siyifikativman pi wo, 4G ede satisfè bezwen k ap grandi.

=== Demokratizasyon ===
[[Fichier:Johannesburg - Wikipedia Zero - 258A9009.jpg|thumb|Jèn fi k ap itilize yon telefòn mobil nan yon lari nan [[Johannesburg]] an 2013.]]
Itilizasyon telefòn mobil yo piti piti vin pi gaye, sitou nan fen ane 1990 yo. An 1991, France Télécom te mache [[Bi-Bop]], premye telefòn mobil an Frans ki te fèt pou yon piblik nan [[mobilite vil la]]. Pousantaj pénétration mache a|pousantaj pénétration]] mobil nan mond lan nan moman sa a se {{inite|0.6|abònman}} pou chak {{inite|100|popilasyon}}. Kantite abònman mobil ({{inite|18|abònman}} pou chak {{inite|100|rezidan}}) te depase sa ki nan telefòn fiks an 2002. Lè Apple te lanse [[iPhone]] li an 2007, to sa a te ogmante a {{ {inite|51|abònman}} pou {{inite|100|rezidan}}&lt;ref&gt;''Istwa, ekonomi ak sosyete'', Volim 27, Edisyon C.D.U. ak S.E.D.E.S., 2008, {{p.|92}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Depi ane [[2010 yo]], pifò telefòn mobil yo te gen anpil fonksyon adisyonèl, ki te posib grasa entegrasyon yon [[sistèm opere]] avanse nan telefòn nan: sa yo se [[smartphone] ]s. Kantite itilizatè telefòn mobil yo nan Repiblik Pèp la Lachin te rive, an 2011, {{nimewo|929,85|milyon}} ki gen ladan {{nimewo|87,2|milyon}} itilizatè 3G nan fen {{dat-|jiyè 2011} }, 4G ([[LTE (rezo mobil)|LTE]]) te kòmanse la nan 2013&lt;ref&gt;{{Liv |tit=Lachin gen 929.85 milyon itilizatè telefòn mobil |editè=sou entènèt chak jou pèp la |ane=29.08.2011 | isbn= |li sou entènèt=http://french.peopledaily.com.cn/VieSociale/7583043.html |konsilte nan=29 out 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;. An 2013, lavant mondyal anyèl [[smartphone]]s ({{unit|940|milyon}}) te depase sa nan telefòn debaz yo ({{unit|860|milyon}})&lt;ref&gt;[[Jean-Christophe Victor ] ], “Mobile phone: the dark faces”, pwogram ''[[Le Dessous des Cartes]]'' sou Arte, 28 mas 2015, 2 min 50 s.&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Pousantaj pénétration atravè lemond ===
An 2014, an tèm de [[telefonia mobil]], te gen {{unit|7.175|milya}} moun ak {{unit|6.915|milya}} [[Telephone Subscription|Telephone Subscription] nan mond lan ]]&lt;ref group=note&gt;konpare ak {{unit|960|milyon}} abònman an 2001, {{nimewo|2.2|milya}} an 2005.&lt;/ref&gt; ak mobil dapre [[Inyon Entènasyonal telekominikasyon]], ki koresponn ak yon [[Tous pénétration mache|pous pénétration]] mobil an jeneral 96%&lt;ref&gt;{{en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20141014210352/http://www.itu.int/en/ITU -D/Statistics/Documents/publications/ mis2014/MIS2014_without_Annex_4.pdf Measuring the Information Society Report 2014], International Telecommunications Union Statistics 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref&gt;{{ pdf}}Bank Mondyal (2012), Enfòmasyon ak Kominikasyon pou Devlopman, 2012, [http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INFORMATIONANDCOMMUNICATIONANDTECHNOLOGIES/Resources/2013000181FREfre001_Low.pdf Pwofite pi bon nan telefòn mobil]&lt;/ref&gt;. Chif sa yo revele diferans enpòtan yo depann de rejyon yo nan mond lan ak etap devlopman yo ({{unit|3.5|milya dola}} abonnés nan rejyon Azi-Pasifik la ak yon pousantaj pénétration de 89%, {{unit |1|milya dola} } nan Amerik yo ak yon pousantaj de 109%, {{unit|750|milyon}} an Ewòp ak yon pousantaj de 126%, {{unit|550|milyon}} nan Lafrik ak yon pousantaj de 63%…). Pandan ke kèk yo souvan &quot;ekipe twòp&quot; ak an mwayèn plizyè abònman pou chak moun, sèten lòt rejyon an Afrik ak Azi ak Ewòp yo pa kouvri ak moun ki rete yo pa gen mwayen pou peye yon abònman pou chak moun epi pataje yon abònman ak plizyè moun. .

Dapre Bank Mondyal, peyi ki gen plis abònman an 2019 yo se: [[Makaw]] (345%), [[Hong Kong]] (289%), [[Emira Arab Ini]] (201%). Lòt peyi ki gen yon pousantaj ki pi wo pase 160% se: [[British Virgin Islands]], [[Seychelles]], pati Olandè [[Saint-Martin (Wayòm Netherlands)|Saint-Martin]] , [[Antigwa ak Barbuda]], [[Thailand]], [[Montenegro]], [[Kowet]], [[Botswana]], [[Lityani]], [[Lafrik di sid]], [[Larisi]], [[Turkmenistan]] ak [[Kosta Rika]]&lt;ref&gt;{{web link |title=World Bank Open Data |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.CEL.SETS.P2?end=2019&amp;most_recent_value_desc= vre&amp;start=2006 |sit=World Bank Open Data |accessed=11-11-2023}}.&lt;/ref&gt;.
Kontrèman, teritwa ak Pousantaj abònman ki pi ba yo se [[Samoa]] (4% an 2009), [[Kore di Nò]] (15%), [[Eritrea]] (20%), [[Eta Federasyon Mikwonezi|Mikwonezi]] (21 %), [[Marshall Islands]] (28%), [[Repiblik Afrik Santral]] (32%), [[Kosovo]] (32%), [[Sid Soudan]] (32%), [[Nò Mariana Islands]] (36% an 2009) ak [[Etiopi]] (36%)&lt;ref name=&quot;worldbank.org&quot;&gt;{{ web link |title=World Bank Open Data |url=https://data. worldbank.org/indicator/IT.CEL.SETS.P2?end=2019&amp;most_recent_value_desc=false&amp;start=2006 |site=World Bank Open Data |accessed= 11-11-2023}}.&lt;/ref&gt;.

Nan gwo mache yo, pousantaj yo wo nan 2019: Etazini (124%), Inyon Ewopeyen an (123%) ak Lachin (120%)&lt;ref name=&quot;worldbank.org&quot; /&gt;.

Pousantaj pénétration mobil lan parèt tankou yon konsekans devlopman yon peyi, men tou kòm yon akseleratè nan menm devlopman sa a. Kidonk, dapre yon etid [[Bank Mondyal la]] an 2008 nan plis pase {{inite|100|peyi}}, yon ogmantasyon 10% nan pousantaj pénétration mobil nan yon peyi akonpaye pa yon ogmantasyon nan [[Brit li. pwodwi domestik|GDP]] de 0.8%&lt;ref&gt;[[Jean-Christophe Victor]], &quot;''Telefòn mobil: zouti devlopman? '', pwogram ''[[Le Dessous des Cartes]]'' sou Arte, 21 mas 2015, 3 min 20 s.&lt;/ref&gt;.

An 2018, evolisyon an remakab nan diferan rejyon yo nan mond lan: {{unit|4.31|milya}} abonnés nan rejyon Azi-Pasifik la ak yon pousantaj pénétration de 102%, {{unit|1, 07|milya}} nan Amerik yo ak yon pousantaj de 106%, {{unit|1.106|milya dola}} an Ewòp ak yon pousantaj de 131% ak {{unit|1.04|milya dola}} nan Lafrik ak yon pousantaj de 82%&lt;ref&gt;{{ Web link|language=fr|style1=Inc|premye1=Hootsuite Media|title=Digital an 2018 - Social Media Marketing &amp; Management Dashboard|url=https://hootsuite.com/fr/pages/ digital-in-2018 |sit=Hootsuite|accessed on=2019-01-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Jèn ===
Dapre antwopològ [[Mizuko Itō|Mizuko Ito]], telefòn mobil se te yon revolisyon pou lavi prive jèn yo: “Avan mobil lan rive, lè w te rele yon moun, te gen yon bon chans kit se yon paran, frè oswa sè ki reponn. (…) Telefòn mobil lan chanje sitiyasyon an e jèn yo te renmen l paske se te premye fwa yo te benefisye aksè prive enkondisyonèl ak kamarad yo&lt;ref&gt;{{Book|language=fr|original language= en|nom1=Jenkins, Henry.|nom2=Boyd, Danah (1977-....).|nom3=Barrière, Bruno (1971-).|nom4=Le Crosnier, Hervé.|title=Kilti patisipatif|sub-title=yon konvèsasyon sou jèn. , edikasyon ak aksyon nan yon mond konekte|location=Caen|editor=C&amp;F éditions|year=2017|total pages=317|passage=96|isbn=978-2-915825- 73-2|isbn2=2-915825-73 -4|oclc=1011684907|li sou entènèt=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1011684907|accessed=2020-03-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;.

== Itilize an Frans ==
An [[2016]], 77% fransè yo gen yon smartphone, 58% pafwa itilize li pandan y ap kondui, 41% konsilte li nan mitan lannwit e 7% reponn mesaj yo menm lè sa a, 84% itilize li pandan y ap gade. televizyon, 66% sèvi ak li pandan y ap travèse lari a, ak 81% admèt yo sèvi ak li sou tab la ak fanmi oswa zanmi&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;Done pou Lafrans (ki baze sou yon echantiyon nan {{units|2003|franse} } nan &lt;/nowiki&gt;{{inite.|18|to=75|ane}}) nan sondaj entènasyonal [[Deloitte]] (&quot;[https://www2.deloitte.com/global/en/pages/technology-media-and-telecommunications/articles/ global-mobile-consumer-survey.html Global Mobile Consumer Survey 2016]&quot;) ki fèt nan {{unit|30|peyi}}, ak {{unit|49000|repondan}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{,}}&lt;ref &gt; [http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/114509/article/2017-02-05/journee-mondiale-sans-telephone-portable-5-chiffres-qui-montrent-que-ce -n-es ''World jou san telefòn mobil : 5 chif ki montre ke li pa genyen''], La Voix du Nord 5 fevriye 2017&lt;/ref&gt;. An 2015, yon franse mwayèn te deja pase plis tan sou smartphone yo pase devan televizyon ak ''Flurry Analytics'' te montre yon ogmantasyon klè nan dejwe mobil (kantite moun ki itilize mobil yo plis pase {{unit| 60| fwa}} pa jou ogmante pa 59% nan yon ane (soti nan 2014 a 2015)&lt;ref name=Flurry&gt;[http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/54103/article/2016-10-04/les- Franse moun depanse plis tan sou yon smartphone pase devan televizyon an ''Fwansè yo pase plis tan sou yon smartphone pase devan televizyon an''], La Voix du Nord nan 4 oktòb 2016 &lt;/ref&gt;ak nan nivo mondyal la. kantite moun ki adikte mobil ogmante soti nan {{unit|176|milyon}} an 2014 pou rive nan {{unit|280|milyon}} nan 2015&lt;ref name=Flurry/&gt;.

Franse yo te an mwayèn sou telefòn yo 2 èdtan ak 12 minit pa jou pandan 2019. Nan prizon, fwa sa a ogmante a 2.9 èdtan.An 2020, pa san dout kenbe ajou ak evènman aktyèl yo, franse yo itilize smartphones yo pi plis pase nan tan nòmal, epi itilizasyon smartphone ogmante 25%&lt;ref&gt;{{Lyen Entènèt |language=Fransè |tit=Fwansè yo kole sou smartphone yo pandan prizon.ent |url=https://www.lepoint.fr/high-tech-internet/les-francais-scotches-a-leur-smartphone-pendant-le-confinement-28-05-2020-2377292_47.php |site= Le Point |dat=28 me 2020 |konsilte le=23 out 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Ane 2020 la, ki te make pa restriksyon akòz Covid-19, te wè òdinatè a ale yon ti kras pi lwen, ak 43% nan moun ki prefere li. Nivo ekipman sa a reflete an patikilye nan yon ogmantasyon nan itilizasyon komès sou entènèt depi kriz sante a: 76% nan moun di yo te fè omwen yon achte machandiz sou entènèt, ak 63% li jounal sou papye konpare ak 56% sou medya dijital. . Yon lòt bò, de medya yo souvan kimilatif, ak 56% nan lektè jounalis asosye li ak jounalis enprime ak jounalis dijital&lt;ref name=&quot;Parisien RHJK4I&quot;&gt;{{Lyen entènèt |language=Fransè |title=Entènèt: 84% nan franse yo itilize yon smartphone chak jou |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/high-tech/internet-84-des-francais-emploi-au-quotidien-un-smartphone-01-07-2021 -MXMVNU7HRNCGBE4UQPRQRHJK4I.php |sit=Le Parisien |dat=1 jiyè 2021 |konsilte nan=23 out 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

An 2020, 84% nan franse itilize yon smartphone chak jou pou navige sou Entènèt la oswa gade videyo sou entènèt. 41% nan tifi konpare ak 30% nan ti gason ki poko gen 25 te gen premye telefòn mobil yo anvan laj 12 an. Okontrè, telefòn mobil tradisyonèl yo sèlman reprezante 10% ekipman telefòn mobil an Frans&lt;ref name=&quot;Parisien RHJK4I&quot; /&gt;.

=== Itilize nan etablisman edikasyon ===
An Frans, se entèdi pou yon elèv itilize yon telefòn mobil - oswa nenpòt lòt ekipman tèminal kominikasyon elektwonik - &lt;ref&gt;{{Atik|language=|author1=Violaine Morin|title=Asanble a vote sou entèdiksyon telefòn mobil nan lekòl yo. ak kolèj|peryodik=Le Monde|dat=7 jen 2018|issn=|li sou entènèt=|paj=}}&lt;/ref&gt; nan lekòl matènèl, lekòl primè ak kolèj ak pandan nenpòt aktivite ki gen rapò ak ansèyman ki fèt andeyò yo. patiraj. Nan lekòl segondè, règleman entèn yo ka entèdi tou pou yon elèv sèvi ak li&lt;ref&gt;{{Web link|language=|title=LWA n° 2018-698 3 out 2018 ki gen rapò ak sipèvizyon itilizasyon telefòn mobil lan. nan établissements edikasyon lekòl yo|url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/loi/2018/8/3/MENX1813519L/jo/texte|site=legifrance.gouv.fr|date= |accessed on=}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Sèvi ak pandan w ap kondwi ===

Pou evite [[aksidan wout|aksidan wout]] ak [[aksidan tren|aksidan tren]], yo dekouraje, reglemante oswa entèdi itilizasyon telefòn tou lè w ap kondui yon machin oswa yon machin tren.

An 2015, 174 moun te pèdi lavi yo sou otowout an Frans akòz itilizasyon telefòn pandan y ap kondui&lt;ref&gt;{{Web link |language=French |title=Itilizasyon telefòn pandan y ap kondwi, yon fleo ki devlope |url=https ://www.la-croix.com/France/Le-telephone-volant-fleau-bien-ancre-2016-11-22-1200804963 |sit=La Croix |dat=22 novanm 2016 |accessed on=23 jiyè , 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Kondwi ki pa atantif, ansanm ak itilizasyon telefòn, se twazyèm kòz prensipal lanmò nan wout. Itilizasyon SMS te ogmante anpil an 2019. Yon SMS pran anviwon 15 segonn, 15 segonn se yon vwayaj 500 mèt sou gran wout la&lt;ref&gt;{{Lyen web |language=franse |title=nouvèl 8am - Sekirite sou wout: inatansyon pandan w ap kondwi, 3yèm kòz lanmò |url=https://www.rtl.fr/actu/debats-societe/les-infos-de-8h-securite-routiere-l-inattention-au- flying-3rd-cause-of-mortality -7800687632 |sit=RTL |dat=24 jiyè 2020 |konsilte nan=23 out 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Manifakti Global ==
{{Seksyon pou mete ajou|dat=Out 2023|kòmantè=Plizyè nan mak sa yo swa retire nan mache a, oswa fèmen.}}
An 2016, pi gwo manifaktirè telefòn mobil yo ak mak&lt;ref&gt;{{en}} [https://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3609817 Gartner di ke lavant Smartphone atravè lemond te ogmante 7 pousan nan katriyèm trimès 2016 la] Gartner, 5 fevriye 2017&lt;/ref&gt; opere atravè lemond yo se:
{{kolòn|taille=15|nombre=4|
* [[Acer (company)|Acer]]
* [[Apple]]
* [[Archos]]
* [[BlackBerry]]
* [[Doro (konpayi)|Doro]]
* [[Fairphone (biznis)|Fairphone]]
* [[Huawei Technologies|Huawei]]
* [[Honor]]
* [[HTC]]
* [[LG Group|LG]]
* [[Meizu]]
* [[Micromax]]
* [[Motorola Mobility|Motorola]]
* [[Nokia]]
* [[OnePlus]]
* [[Oppo]]
* [[Samsung Electronics|Samsung]]
* [[Sony Mobile]]
* [[Tinno]]
* [[Vivo (smartphone)|Vivo]]
* [[Wiko]]
* [[Xiaomi]]
* [[ZTE]]
}}

== SIM ak kat USIM ==
[[Image:Sim card.png|thumb|alt=Kat SIM|Yon kat SIM.]]
{{atik detaye|Kat SIM}}
Ou dwe mete yon kat entelijan, ki rele [[SIM kat]] (ki soti nan angle {{lang|en|''Subscriber Identity Module''}}), nan yon telefòn mobil [[Global System for Mobile Communications|GSM ]] , oswa yon USIM nan tèminal UMTS ak LTE, pou kapab itilize fonksyon [[telefoni mobil]] li yo (pa aplike pou telefòn Ameriken ki nan kalite [[Code Division Multiple Access|CDMA]]).

Kat SIM (oswa USIM) genyen idantifikasyon abònen an ([[International Mobile Subscriber Identity|IMSI]] nimewo) ak [[operatè mobil]] ki te bay kat la ([[Kod peyi mobil|MCC]] + [[Mobile Network Code|MNC]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://french.bt-wiki.net/Le_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9phone_portatif |title=BT Wiki - telefòn pòtab la |access-date=2024-02-16 |archive-date=2014-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725182516/http://french.bt-wiki.net/Le_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9phone_portatif |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Fonksyon ki kapab entegre ==
=== Kamera ===
Anpil modèl telefòn entegre yon aparèy fotografi oswa yon kamera dijital, oswa menm plizyè kamera. Tèm [[Fotofòn (aparèy)|fotofòn]] pafwa itilize pou deziyen yon telefòn mobil ki kapab pran foto dijital. Gen kèk moun ki sèvi ak tèm [[fonografi]] pou fè referans ak pran foto lè l sèvi avèk yon telefòn mobil.
=== NFC ===
Depi 2010, sèten telefòn mobil fè peman san kontak posib, gras a [[Near Field Communication|Near Field Communication]] estanda (NFC, ki rele tou &quot;near field communication&quot;)&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130712111529/http://01net/ com/editorial/516923/nice-premiere-ville-a-passer-au-paiement-sans-contact/ Nice, premye vil ki chanje nan peman san kontak] Sou sit entènèt 01net.com&lt;/ref&gt;. Estanda sa a pèmèt lòt aplikasyon pase peman kontak, tankou voye enfòmasyon nan telefòn mobil lan sou kote li yo atravè yon tèminal fiks&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cityzi.fr/vie- daily-simplified lavi chak jou senplifye], sou la. sit cityzi.fr&lt;/ref&gt;.
=== Sonnerie personnalisable ===
Arive de telefòn mobil yo ki te pèmèt yo pou personnaliser sonneries yo te mennen a kreyasyon yon mache kliyan ki pou vann sonnerie. An 2007, kantite lavant sonri yo te kòmanse diminye nan plizyè peyi nan [[Ewòp]], men li kontinye ap grandi globalman&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.generation-nt.com/marche-sonneries -mobiles-declin-actualite -65777.html Mache a pou sonri mobil an bès] Sou sit la generation-nt.com&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Mòd avyon ===
[[Mòd Avyon]] pèmèt ou dezaktive tout koneksyon san ou pa fèmen mobil ou. Li te parèt ak smartphones.

=== Vibre mòd ===
Mòd vibre a pèmèt ou ranplase oswa konplete sonri a ak yon [[vibration (jwèt videyo)|vibration]]. Li se itilize pou pi gwo diskresyon.

=== SMS ak MMS ===
Yon telefòn pèmèt ou voye ak resevwa [[Sèvis Mesaj Kout|SMS]] ak [[Sèvis Mesaj Miltimedya|MMS]]. Yon SMS se yon tèks, sa vle di yon mesaj tèks, ke yo voye bay moun k ap resevwa yo. Yon MMS se yon imaj, yon foto ki ka voye pa mesaj bay moun k ap resevwa a.

=== Imèl ===
Ou ka itilize yon telefòn ki konekte ak [[Entènèt]] pou voye ak resevwa [[imel]] lè l sèvi avèk yon [[Aplikasyon (òdinatè)|aplikasyon]] espesifik.
=== Aplikasyon ===
Premye smartphone [[wo fen]] ki gen yon OS pwopriyetè yo te itilize langaj [[Java Platform, Micro Edition|Java ME]] pou ajoute jwèt oswa aplikasyon paske fòm pwogramasyon trè stab sa a mande kèk resous. Smartphones aktyèl yo pafwa sipòte lang sa a pou elaji opsyon yo. Kontrèman ak telefòn tradisyonèl yo, [[smartphones]] yo ak sistèm operasyon yo (egzanp: [[Android]], [[iOS (Apple)|iOS]], [[Windows Phone]], [[Firefox OS]], [[ Symbian OS]]{{etc.}}) pèmèt ou enstale [[Aplikasyon mobil|aplikasyon]], ki bay anpil karakteristik ki pa prezan nan moman acha a.

=== Geolokalizasyon ===
Yon telefòn mobil ka entegre yon chip {{language|en|[[Global Positioning System|GPS]]}} ki pèmèt pi bon pozisyon pase sa ki pèmèt [[triyangilasyon]] [[antèn relè telefòn mobil|antèn relè]].

== Mache kontrefè ==
Nan paralèl ak mache ofisyèl la, yon òf ap devlope nan anpil peyi, patikilyèman nan Lachin. Li posib pou jwenn fo telefòn mobil la. Sa yo, anplis ke yo te ilegal, yo potansyèlman danjere pou itilizatè a paske nan pil defo ki ka eksploze&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110530072606/http://chineconquerante.com/2011/03/19/164/ Chinwa kontrefè nan telefòn mobil se yon siksè reyèl. ], sou sit la chineconquerante.com&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Sante ak ekspoze a vag ==
Telefòn mobil yo, akòz operasyon yo, emèt [[ond elektwomayetik]] ki transpòte [[enèji]]. Enèji sa a mezire pa [[To Absòbsyon Espesifik la]] abreje kòm ''DAS''. Ajans Entènasyonal pou Rechèch sou Kansè klase vag sa yo kòm kanserojèn posib.

=== Estanda ak kontwòl an Frans ===
An Frans, ki baze sou [[ICNIRP]] direktiv, maksimòm [[Specific Absorption rate|SAR]] pou yon telefòn mobil pou vann se {{unit|2|[[watt|W]]/[[kilogram|kg]]}}. Eta a regilyèman fè chèk pou asire ke to koule manifakti yo montre yo kòrèk. An 2013, dapre yon sondaj [[Direksyon Jeneral Konpetisyon, Konsomasyon ak Represyon Fwòd|DGCCRF]] te fè sou 379 konpayi yo, 55% nan chèk yo te revele anomali konsènan absans ekspozisyon [[Tos Absòbsyon Espesifik| DAS]] nan pwen lavant&lt;ref&gt;https://www.economie.gouv.fr/dgccrf/annonce-das-pour-telephones-portables-dgccrf-releve-des- infractions &lt;/ref&gt;. Plis jisteman, anomali yo te akòz non-konfòmite ak obligasyon enfòmasyon konsomatè yo ak enfòmasyon jeneral sou pri ak kondisyon nan vant. Sepandan, dapre tès ki fèt ansanm ak [[Ajans Nasyonal Frekans|ANFR]], okenn nan 2729 telefòn mobil yo teste yo pa depase papòt maksimòm [[Specific Absorption To|SAR]] otorize pa lalwa. Ankèt la te mennen senk amann ak 210 avètisman pou konpayi konsène yo.

=== Rekòmandasyon pandan kominikasyon kalite GSM/GPRS/UMTS ===
{{...}}

== Ekoloji ==
=== Sik lavi ===

[[Enpak anviwonmantal]] telefòn mobil ak/oswa smartphone yo pwolonje pandan tout sik lavi yo.

Sik lavi aparèy la pwolonje soti nan ekstraksyon materyèl yo ki konpoze li, nan pwodiksyon aparèy la li menm, nan dire a nan itilize nan telefòn mobil lan, nan resiklaj ... oswa nan chèn ekipman pou yo. ak fatra elektwonik&lt;ref&gt;
{{Lyen web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2016/10/01/le-sulfureux-parcours-du-telephone-portable-des-mines-aux-filieres-clandestines-de -waste_5006655_3244.html | title= Vwayaj souf telefòn mobil lan, soti nan min rive nan rezo fatra klandesten | site= lemonde.fr }}&lt;/ref&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Lyen entènèt |url=http://www.senat.fr/rap/r15-850/r15-8501.html
  |tit=100 milyon telefòn selilè itilize: ijans yon estrateji |site=senat.fr |dat=}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Faz fabrikasyon ===

Enpak anviwònman an nan smartphones pwolonje pandan tout sik lavi yo. Sepandan, twa ka nan anprint anviwònman aparèy sa yo konsantre nan faz fabrikasyon yo&lt;ref&gt;{{Lyen entènèt |url=https://presse.ademe.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/ 09/CP- ADEME-FNE-enpak-smartphones-septanm-2017-1.pdf
  |title=Metòd fabrikasyon ki gen anpil enpak sou anviwònman an |site=presse.ademe.fr |date=12 septanm 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Li se ekstraksyon nan mineral, ke nou jwenn nan fòm lan nan metal nan smartphones, ki poze yon pwoblèm patikilye jodi a. Li mennen nan destriksyon nan ekosistèm ak polisyon miltip, tankou sou dlo akòz itilizasyon entansif nan pwosesis ekstraksyon chimik.

=== Dire itilizasyon ===
Dire itilizasyon an se yon kesyon esansyèl si nou vle limite [[enpak anviwònman]] telefòn mobil yo. Nan 2012, pa gen okenn etikèt ki te pran an kont dimansyon dire itilizasyon an. Nan pratik, dire a nan itilizasyon kondisyone pa òf komèsyal manifaktirè yo ak distribitè yo. Sistèm nan &quot;sibvansyone&quot; achte nan aparèy la pa operatè a konsiste de chaje konsomatè a yon pri fiks (abònman) ki gen ladan pri a nan aparèy la. Metòd sa a Se poutèt sa pa reflete pri reyèl la nan aparèy la, ki ankouraje renouvèlman an nan telefòn&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.amisdelaterre.org/IMG/pdf/rapport_obsolescence_des_produits_high-tech.pdf |title=''Obsolesans nan pwodwi segondè -tech : ki jan mak limite lavi machandiz nou yo'', Zanmi Latè, Desanm 2012, p. 16 |access-date=2024-02-16 |archive-date=2018-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806133012/http://www.amisdelaterre.org/IMG/pdf/rapport_obsolescence_des_produits_high-tech.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Emisyon gaz efè tèmik ===
Yon rapò ki te pibliye pa [[Friends of the Earth]] nan {{dat-|Desanm 2012}} revele ke emisyon [[Gaz lakòz efè tèmik]] ki soti nan telefòn mobil yo pandan tout [[Sik lavi (komès)|sik lavi]] yo. jeneralman ogmante, paske nan ogmantasyon entansite a nan itilize, men tou, paske nan maketing nan nouvo modèl. Pa egzanp, emisyon yo soti nan {{unit|55|kg}} pou Apple iPhone 4S rive nan {{unit|75|kg}} pou [[iPhone 5]] nan menm manifakti a, yon ogmantasyon de 36%. Menm jan an tou, emisyon ogmante ant Galaksi S2 a ak Galaksi S3 a soti nan Samsung&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.amisdelaterre.org/IMG/pdf/rapport_obsolescence_des_produits_high-tech.pdf |title=&quot;Obsolesans nan pwodwi gwo teknoloji: ki jan mak yo limite la lifespan of our goods”, Zanmi Latè, Desanm 2012, p. 8 |access-date=2024-02-16 |archive-date=2018-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806133012/http://www.amisdelaterre.org/IMG/pdf/rapport_obsolescence_des_produits_high-tech.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;.

=== Fen lavi, defisi resiklaj ===
{{Atik ki gen rapò|Dechè ekipman elektrik ak elektwonik}}
Dapre yon etid Intel, nan kòmansman {{lnobr|ane 2010}} [[kat elektwonik]] yo te genyen plis pase {{unit|45|[[metal]]}}, metaloid oswa tè ra konpare ak anviwon dis. nan {{lnobr|ane 1980}} yo &lt;ref&gt;Fabrice Flipo, Marion Deltour, Michelle Dobré, Marion Michot, ''Èske nou ka kwè nan TIC vèt?'', Presses des Mines, Paris, 2012, {{p.|44}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. Pami materyèl estratejik sa yo genyen [[ityòm]], [[lò]], [[ajan]], [[Tant ra|tè ra]], [[koltan]], [[Tantal (chimi)|tantal]], [[platinum]], [[nyobyòm]], [[kadmyòm]], [[plon]], [[Mèki (chimi)|mèki]]. Rare jeneral metal yo montre nesesite pou [[resiklaj]] ak ekstansyon lavi a nan pwodwi an jeneral, nan telefòn mobil an patikilye&lt;ref&gt;[[Philippe Bihouix]] ak Benoit de Guillebon, '' Ki avni pou metal yo. ? Rarefaksyon metal yo: yon nouvo defi pou sosyete a'', [[EDP Sciences]], {{dat-|Oktòb 2010}}, {{p.|34}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. Yon etid 2008 te fè [[Nokia]] nan {{nombre|13|peyi}} te revele ke 97% nan telefòn mobil yo pa te resikle&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-97-des-telephones-mobiles-ne-sont-pas-recycles-26541.html 97% telefòn mobil yo pa resikle], sou sit [[Le Mondeinformatique|lemondeinformatique.fr]].&lt;/ref&gt; .

Depi 2008, Bouygues Telecom te ofri yon avantaj finansye de {{unit|10|ewo}} bay konsomatè ki te retounen ansyen telefòn mobil yo, men pousantaj rekiperasyon an pa t depase 5%&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180806133012/http://www.amisdelaterre.org/IMG/pdf/rapport_obsolescence_des_produits_high-tech.pdf “Obsolesans nan pwodwi gwo teknoloji: ki jan mak limite lavi a nan machandiz nou yo”, Zanmi Latè, {{date-|Desanm 2012}}, {{p.|11}}{{pdf}}], [[Zanmi Latè - Lafrans|amisdelaterre.org]].&lt;/ref&gt;. An Frans, depi 2010, operatè yo te lanse pwogram rekiperasyon ak/oswa racha telefòn mobil yo&lt;ref&gt;{{lyen brize|url=http://www.zigonet.com/ev%E9nements/ orange-incite-a-recycler- son-vieux-telephone-mobile_mrm39377.html |title=Orange ankouraje w resikle ansyen telefòn mobil ou |site=zigonet.com}}.&lt;/ref&gt;, ankouraje pa kwasans komès [[Bon (ekonomi) sa yo. | byen]] (apre [[resiklaj]])&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bestofmicro.com/actualite/test/1000-1-recyclage-mobile-telephone.html &lt;!- - redireksyon nan https://www.tomsguide.fr/le-recyclage-de-mobile-ca-rapporte-combien/ --&gt; Resiklaj mobil: konbyen lajan li pote?], {{date-|4 septanm 2012}} , [[Bestofmedia Group|bestofmicro.com]].&lt;/ref&gt;{{,}}&lt;ref&gt;{{web link|url=http://www.economiesolidaire.com/2011/04/07/le-rachat -de- mobiles-et-de-telephones-portables/ |title=Rachte mobil ak telefòn pòtab |site=economiesolidaire.com |date=2011/04/07}}.&lt;/ref&gt;, ki te sitou remarketing sou yon echèl ki pi piti atravè magazen ki espesyalize nan ekipman itilize. Kòm yon pati nan yon konstitisyon angajman volontè sou devlopman dirab te siyen nan {{date-|jiyè 2010}}&lt;ref&gt;{{ lyen brize|url=http://www.fftelecoms.org/articles/signature-nan charter la. angajman volontè sektè telecom pou devlopman dirab |title=Siyen yon charter angajman volontè sektè telecom pou devlopman dirab |sit=[[French Federation of telecoms|fftelecoms.org]]}}.&lt;/ref&gt;, franse operatè yo te angaje tou pou ogmante koleksyon mobil lè yo ofri konsomatè ankourajman nan diferan fòm (finansye, sosyal, ekolojik). Dapre rapò [[Fédération Française des Télécoms]], {{nobr|835202|tèminal}} aparèy mobil yo te ranmase an Frans pa twa operatè yo [[Bouygues Telecom]], [[Orange (konpayi)| Orange]] ak [[SFR]] an 2010, sa vle di 50% plis pase an 2009&lt;ref&gt;{{lyen brize|url=http://www.fftelecoms.org/articles/premier-bilan-charte-DD |title =Premye evalyasyon charter angajman sektè telekominikasyon an pou devlopman dirab |sit=[[French Telecoms Federation|fftelecoms.org]]}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. An 2012, chif sa a te kanpe nan {{Unit|1016622|inite}}&lt;ref&gt;{{lyen brize|url=http://www.fftelecoms.org/articles/plus-d1-million-de-mobiles- collections- en-2011-launch-dun-awareness-site-and |title=Lanse yon sit konsyantizasyon ak enfòmasyon sou koleksyon telefòn mobil |site=[[French Telecoms Federation|fftelecoms.org]]}}.&lt;/ref&gt;. Pou sansibilize itilizatè mobil yo sou pwoblèm pou retounen mobil ou bay operatè w la, [[Fédération Française des Télécoms]] te lanse yon sit enfòmasyon pratik nan {{date-|Me 2012}}&lt;ref&gt; [http://www.rapportsonmobile.fr RapporterSonMobile.fr].&lt;/ref&gt;.

Plizyè òganizasyon asosyativ yo te resikle ekipman sa a pou plizyè ane. [[Emmaüs France]] menm ofri pwen koleksyon nan tout peyi Lafrans e depi 2005, eksplike kijan resiklaj telefòn mobil yo travay nan pwosesis yo nan estrikti pilòt li yo Ateliers du Bocage&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.workshops-du- bocage.com Les Ateliers du Bocage].&lt;/ref&gt;. Konpayi yo tou rapidman fè resiklaj mobil biznis yo: CompaRecycle, {{lang|en|[[Back Market]]}}, {{lang|en|Magic Recycle}} ak {{lang|en|Rebuy}} ofri re-achte ak rekondisyone ansyen mobil yo.

Apati 2011, ta dwe gen yon amelyorasyon nan [[ekodesign]] materyèl sa yo, [[Komisyon Ewopeyen]] an te enpoze an 2009&lt;ref&gt;{{lyen brize|url=http://www.lepoint.fr/actualites-technologie-internet/2009-06-29/un-chargeur-unique-pour-le-marche-europeen-a-l-horizon-2010/1387/0/356772 |title=Yon chajè inik pou mache Ewopeyen an pa 2010 |sit=[[Le Point|lepoint.fr]] |dat=2009-06-29}}.&lt;/ref&gt; bay manifaktirè yo ke yo dakò sou yon [[Chajè (elektrisite )|chajè]] inivèsèl&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.quechoisir.org/telecom-multimedia/telephonie/actualite-telephone-mobile-un-chargeur-universel-en-2011 Yon plato inivèsèl an 2011].&lt;/ref&gt;. Yo asire konpatibilite atravè yon konektè [[USB|mikro-USB]] oswa [[USB Tip-C]]. Nan dat 7 jen 2022, Inyon Ewopeyen an ak deputy yo te dakò pou yo enpoze nan Inyon an yon plato inivèsèl branche pou smartphones, tablèt, konsole ak kamera dijital pa otòn 2024. Aparèy sa yo dwe ekipe ak yon pò [[USB Type-C]], kèlkeswa manifakti yo, malgre opozisyon [[Apple]] ki sèvi ak konektè [[Lightning (konektè)|zèklè]] pou aparèy li yo&lt;ref&gt;{{web link |url= https://www.20min.ch /fr/story/lue-va-imposition-un-chargeur-unique-pour-smartphones-270262422665 |title=Inyon Ewopeyen an pral enpoze yon sèl chajè pou smartphones |sit= [[20 minit (Swis)]] |dat= jen 7, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

An [[2016]], an Frans, yon rapò palmantè ki gen tit {{Sitasyon|{{nobr|100|milyon}} telefòn mobil yo itilize: ijans yon estrateji}}, ki te pwodwi pa yon {{Sitasyon|Misyon enfòmasyon. sou envantè a ak avni nan materyèl ak konpozan nan telefòn mobil yo}} (etabli sou {{dat-|29 jen 2016}}, ak adopte inanim) konfime ke sektè tretman an WEEE an Frans depase pa devlopman nan dezyèm- mache men pou telefòn mobil yo ak pa vòl la nan depo a deyò fwontyè peyi a. Se sèlman 15% nan koule a ta dwe refè (anviwon {{unit|100|milyon}} nan aparèy itilize yo ta toujou kenbe pa moun)&lt;ref name=&quot;Senat2016&quot;&gt;[http://www.senat.fr/rap/r15-850/r15-850.html Rapò {{n°|850}} (2015-2016) ''sou envantè ak avni materyèl ak konpozan telefòn mobil yo''] ak [http://www.senat.fr/fileadmin/Fichiers/Images/commission/missions/telephones_mobiles/4_pages_Telephones_portables.pdf rezime {{nombre|4|paj}}{{pdf}}], ak [http://www.senat.fr/rap la /r15-850/r15-8501.pdf vèsyon {{pdf}}], ak [http://www.senat.fr/commission/missions/materiaux_et_compeuts_des_telephones_mobiles/#c627629 infographie].&lt;/ref&gt; konfime ke {{ Quote |konsepsyon telefòn yo fè espre defavorab pou reitilize ak resiklaj}} akòz [[obsolesans planifikasyon yo]] e ke {{Sitasyon|evalyasyon sistèm modulasyon anviwònman an pou kontribisyon ekolojik}} {{Sitasyon| trè ba}}, envite manifakti yo pou [[Ekodesign|ekodesign]] ekipman yo. Li genyen senk oryantasyon divize an {{inite|27|pwopozisyon}} ki konsène [[Life cycle (komès)|sik lavi]] laptops (fabrikasyon, itilizasyon, koleksyon ekipman itilize ak rekiperasyon)&lt;ref name=&quot;Senat2016&quot; /&gt;.

Nan Japon, yo te pratike resiklaj sistematik tèminal mobil yo pou plis pase {{unit|15|ane}}, revandè yo tout gen bwat ki ka akomode jiska {{unit|400|aparèy}} epi yo responsab pou anbake nan sant resiklaj.

== Gade tou ==
{{Lòt pwojè
| Commons = Kategori:Telefòn mobil
|wiktionary=telefòn mobil
|wiktionary2=mobil
}}

=== Bibliyografi ===
* ''[[Telefoni mobil, èske nou tout kochon Gine?]]'', 2005.
* ''Itilizatè telefòn mobil yo. Sosyoloji itilizasyon'', Francis Jauréguiberry, PUF, 2003.

=== Filmografi ===
* ''San nan mobil''&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130209212815/http://tv-programme.telecablesat.fr/php/detail/22594753/43891116/02/09/2011/22h40/arte/blood-in-the-mobile Blood in] [https://web.archive.org/web/20170803085828/http://shop.livesony.com/ the Mobile]&lt;/ref&gt; (literalman, ''[l] san nan mobil lan''), dokimantè Frank Piasecki Poulsen, te pwodwi an 2010.

=== Atik ki gen rapò ===
* [[Radyokominikasyon]]
* [[Telefoni mobil]]
* [[Telefòn mobil debaz]]
* [[Lis operatè rezo mobil an Frans]]
* [[Efè radyasyon elektwomayetik sou sante]] (risk pou sante telekominikasyon yo)
* [[Nomofobi]] (twòp pè pou yo separe ak telefòn mobil yon moun)
* [[To absòpsyon espesifik]]
* [[Smartphone]]

== Nòt ak referans ==
=== Nòt ===
{{Références|group=note}}

=== Referans ===
{{Références}}


[[Kategori:Telefòn mobil]]
[[Kategori:Aparèy elektwonik]]
[[Kategori:Sistèm entegre]]
[[Kategori:Gwoup IARC 2B kanserojèn]]</text>
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    <title>Camilo Sesto</title>
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      <comment>Paj ki kreye ak &quot; {{moun  |non=Camilo Sesto |foto=Camilo Sesto.jpg |tèks=2017  |fonksyon=chantè, konpozitè, pwodiktè |domèn=chanson, mizik |diplòm=  |etid= |dat nesans=[[16 septanm]] [[1946]] |lye nesans=[[Alcoy]]  |peyi nesans=[[Espay]] |dat lanmò=[[8 septanm]] [[2019]] |lye lanmò=[[Madrid]]  |peyi lanmò=[[Espay]] |nasyonalite=espanyòl |relijyon=  |rezidans= |kontak= |Biyografi=  |zèv= |omaj= |rekonpans=  |remak= |fim= }} '''Camilo Blanes Cortés''', rele '''Camilo Sesto''', k... &quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="3354" sha1="7prgxp1ase0uq00r983gythzfgzv9e6" xml:space="preserve">{{moun

|non=Camilo Sesto
|foto=Camilo Sesto.jpg
|tèks=2017

|fonksyon=chantè, konpozitè, pwodiktè
|domèn=chanson, mizik
|diplòm=

|etid=
|dat nesans=[[16 septanm]] [[1946]]
|lye nesans=[[Alcoy]]

|peyi nesans=[[Espay]]
|dat lanmò=[[8 septanm]] [[2019]]
|lye lanmò=[[Madrid]]

|peyi lanmò=[[Espay]]
|nasyonalite=espanyòl
|relijyon=

|rezidans=
|kontak=
|Biyografi=

|zèv=
|omaj=
|rekonpans=

|remak=
|fim=
}}
'''Camilo Blanes Cortés''', rele '''Camilo Sesto''', ki fèt sou [[16 septanm]] [[1946]] nan [[Alcoy]] (Espay) epi ki mouri sou [[8 septanm]] [[2019]] nan [[Madrid]] (Espay), se yon [[chantè]], [[konpozitè]] ak [[pwodiktè]] espanyòl.

== Biyografi ==
Karyè li te jwenn pwojeksyon entènasyonal nan deseni 1970 ak 1980. Li te vann plis pase 100 milyon disk e li te plasman 52 chante nan nimewo 1 nan plizyè peyi. Li te entèprete chante an panyòl, anglè, italyen, pòtigè, alman, valensyen ak japonè.&lt;ref&gt;https://galaaccionsocial.com/gloria-serra/&lt;/ref&gt;

Li te travay kòm konpozitè ak pwodiktè pou lòt atis tankou: [[Miguel Bosé]], Ángela Carrasco, Lani Hall, José José, [[Lucía Méndez]], pami lòt moun. Eritaj mizikal li te pwolonje gras ak anpil vèsyon lòt atis te entèprete nan divès lang ak jan mizik.

== Zèv li yo ==

=== Gwoup ===
* 1964: ''[[Los Dayson]]''
* 1966: ''[[Los Botines]]''

=== Albòm ===
* 1970: ''[[Llegará el verano/Sin dirección]]''
* 1971: ''[[Algo de mí]]''
* 1972: ''[[Sólo un hombre]]''
* 1973: ''[[Algo más (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Algo más]]''
* 1974: ''[[Camilo (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Camilo]]''
* 1975: ''[[Amor libre (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Amor libre]]''
* 1975: ''[[Jesucristo Superstar (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Jesucristo Superstar]]''
* 1976: ''[[Memorias (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Memorias]]''
* 1976: ''[[Look in the eye]]''
* 1977: ''[[Rasgos (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Rasgos]]''
* 1977: ''[[Entre amigos (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Entre amigos]]''
* 1978: ''[[Sentimientos (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Sentimientos]]''
* 1979: ''[[Horas de amor (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Horas de amor]]''
* 1980: ''[[Amaneciendo]]''
* 1981: ''[[Más y más (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Más y más]]''
* 1982: ''[[Camilo (Camilo Sesto albòm an anglè)|Camilo]]'' (an anglè)
* 1983: ''[[Con ganas]]''
* 1984: ''[[Amanecer/84]]''
* 1985: ''[[Tuyo (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Tuyo]]''
* 1986: ''[[Agenda de baile]]''
* 1991: ''[[A voluntad del cielo]]''
* 1992: ''[[Huracán de amor]]''
* 1994: ''[[Amor sin vértigo]]''
* 2002: ''[[Alma (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Alma]]'' (Isabel Patton)
* 2003: ''[[Alma (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Alma (Dezyèm edisyon)]]'' (Andrea Bronston)
* 2010: ''[[Todo de mí]]''

=== Konpilasyon ===
* 1982: ''[[Muy Personal (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Muy Personal]]''
* 1997: ''[[Camilo Superstar]]''
* 2004: ''[[Camilo Sesto Nº 1]]''
* 2005: ''[[Jesucristo Superstar (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Jesucristo Superstar]]'' (Edisyon 30yèm Anivèsè)
* 2016: ''[[Camilo 70]]''
* 2018: ''[[Camilo Sinfónico]]''
* 2022: ''[[Camilo Forever]]''
* 2025: ''[[Camilo Love Sound Typhoon]]'' (Osaka '85)

== Referans ==
{{referans}}
== Lyen deyò ==
* [http://imdb.com Camilo Sesto] sou IMDb

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sesto, Camilo}}
[[Kategori:Moun]]
[[Kategori:Gason]]
[[Kategori:Chantè]]
[[Kategori:Konpozitè]]
[[Kategori:Pwodiktè]]
[[Kategori:Chantè espanyòl]]
[[Kategori:Nesans nan lane 1946]]
[[Kategori:Lanmò nan lane 2019]]</text>
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|fonksyon=chantè, konpozitè, pwodiktè
|domèn=chanson, mizik
|diplòm=

|etid=
|dat nesans=[[16 septanm]] [[1946]]
|lye nesans=[[Alcoy]]

|peyi nesans=[[Espay]]
|dat lanmò=[[8 septanm]] [[2019]]
|lye lanmò=[[Madrid]]

|peyi lanmò=[[Espay]]
|nasyonalite=espanyòl
|relijyon=

|rezidans=
|kontak=
|Biyografi=

|zèv=
|omaj=
|rekonpans=

|remak=
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}}
'''Camilo Blanes Cortés''', rele '''Camilo Sesto''', ki fèt sou [[16 septanm]] [[1946]] nan [[Alcoy]] (Espay) epi ki mouri sou [[8 septanm]] [[2019]] nan [[Madrid]] (Espay), se yon [[chantè]], [[konpozitè]] ak [[pwodiktè]] espanyòl.

== Biyografi ==
Karyè li te jwenn pwojeksyon entènasyonal nan deseni 1970 ak 1980. Li te vann plis pase 100 milyon disk e li te plasman 52 chante nan nimewo 1 nan plizyè peyi. Li te entèprete chante an panyòl, anglè, italyen, pòtigè, alman, valensyen ak japonè.&lt;ref&gt;https://galaaccionsocial.com/gloria-serra/&lt;/ref&gt;

Li te travay kòm konpozitè ak pwodiktè pou lòt atis tankou: Miguel Bosé, Ángela Carrasco, Sergio Fachelli, Lani Hall, José José, [[Lucía Méndez]], pami lòt moun. Eritaj mizikal li te pwolonje gras ak anpil vèsyon lòt atis te entèprete nan divès lang ak jan mizik.

== Zèv li yo ==

=== Gwoup ===
* 1964: ''[[Los Dayson]]''
* 1966: ''[[Los Botines]]''

=== Albòm ===
* 1970: ''[[Llegará el verano/Sin dirección]]''
* 1971: ''[[Algo de mí]]''
* 1972: ''[[Sólo un hombre]]''
* 1973: ''[[Algo más (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Algo más]]''
* 1974: ''[[Camilo (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Camilo]]''
* 1975: ''[[Amor libre (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Amor libre]]''
* 1975: ''[[Jesucristo Superstar (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Jesucristo Superstar]]''
* 1976: ''[[Memorias (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Memorias]]''
* 1976: ''[[Look in the eye]]''
* 1977: ''[[Rasgos (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Rasgos]]''
* 1977: ''[[Entre amigos (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Entre amigos]]''
* 1978: ''[[Sentimientos (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Sentimientos]]''
* 1979: ''[[Horas de amor (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Horas de amor]]''
* 1980: ''[[Amaneciendo]]''
* 1981: ''[[Más y más (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Más y más]]''
* 1982: ''[[Camilo (Camilo Sesto albòm an anglè)|Camilo]]'' (an anglè)
* 1983: ''[[Con ganas]]''
* 1984: ''[[Amanecer/84]]''
* 1985: ''[[Tuyo (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Tuyo]]''
* 1986: ''[[Agenda de baile]]''
* 1991: ''[[A voluntad del cielo]]''
* 1992: ''[[Huracán de amor]]''
* 1994: ''[[Amor sin vértigo]]''
* 2002: ''[[Alma (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Alma]]'' (Isabel Patton)
* 2003: ''[[Alma (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Alma (Dezyèm edisyon)]]'' (Andrea Bronston)
* 2010: ''[[Todo de mí]]''

=== Konpilasyon ===
* 1982: ''[[Muy Personal (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Muy Personal]]''
* 1997: ''[[Camilo Superstar]]''
* 2004: ''[[Camilo Sesto Nº 1]]''
* 2005: ''[[Jesucristo Superstar (Camilo Sesto albòm)|Jesucristo Superstar]]'' (Edisyon 30yèm Anivèsè)
* 2016: ''[[Camilo 70]]''
* 2018: ''[[Camilo Sinfónico]]''
* 2022: ''[[Camilo Forever]]''
* 2025: ''[[Camilo Love Sound Typhoon]]'' (Osaka '85)

== Referans ==
{{referans}}
== Lyen deyò ==
* [https://camilosestooficial.com/ Camilo Sesto Sit entènèt ofisyèl]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Camilo Sesto}}
[[Kategori:Moun]]
[[Kategori:Gason]]
[[Kategori:Chantè]]
[[Kategori:Konpozitè]]
[[Kategori:Pwodiktè]]
[[Kategori:Chantè espanyòl]]</text>
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