Wikipedya htwiki https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paj_Prensipal MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.12 first-letter Medya Espesyal Diskite Itilizatè Diskisyon Itilizatè Wikipedya Diskisyon Wikipedya Fichye Diskisyon Fichye MedyaWiki Diskisyon MedyaWiki Modèl Diskisyon Modèl Èd Diskisyon Èd Kategori Diskisyon Kategori TimedText TimedText talk Module Discussion module Event Event talk 0 14362 883228 107696 2026-07-26T15:07:46Z PAUL FILS 29055 ajoute foto 883228 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ebòch}} {{definisyon |fanmi=non komen |objè= |imaj= |referans= }} Kaskad, Eta dlo, tankou dlo yon ravin, ki ap glise desann soti sou yon do mòn. Jan yon moun ranje plizyè dokiman ki ouvri sou ekran yon òdinatè tankou dlo yon ravin ki ap desann soti sou do yon mòn. [[Fichye:Kaskad layay nan hinche, sant, Ayiti.jpg|vignette|Men yon ti kaskad]] == Tradiksyon == *[[Lòt kreyòl]]: *[[franse|Franse]]: *[[angle|Angle]]: *[[alman|Alman]]: *[[panyòl|Panyòl]]: == Istwa == Istwa mo sa == referans == == Kèk lyen == 1m4bayteuw47kvp48kyfhdmqc0vyj7f 0 60167 883251 863709 2026-07-26T19:44:31Z Ferrovit 39921 883251 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] ds2tg131agxnue352ublu7amiwpto15 883252 883251 2026-07-26T19:46:09Z Ferrovit 39921 883252 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] 3vv04hben6a1sqnbg1xas0b6hm8bur1 883253 883252 2026-07-26T19:47:34Z Ferrovit 39921 883253 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . == Etimoloji == Mo ''matyè'' a soti nan mo laten " ''materia'' " a. bwa, materyèl konstriksyon " ki koresponn ak ''hyle'' grèk la (" materyèl, forè, jèg, bwa, konstriksyon ". Nan lang franse a, nou jwenn listwa depi XII syèk la jiska XX lan syèk konsèp sibstans materyèl [[Tangible|tanjib la]] <ref name="cnrtl2">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] 6bmdunguzy0srmlacnfd04xh2398ui6 883254 883253 2026-07-26T19:48:11Z Ferrovit 39921 883254 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . == Etimoloji == Mo ''matyè'' a soti nan mo laten " ''materia'' " a. bwa, materyèl konstriksyon " ki koresponn ak ''hyle'' grèk la (" materyèl, forè, jèg, bwa, konstriksyon ". Nan lang franse a, nou jwenn listwa depi XII syèk la jiska XX lan syèk konsèp sibstans materyèl [[Tangible|tanjib la]] <ref name="cnrtl2">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . An jeneral, tèm nan " matyè "nan filozòf yo refere a reyalite [[Sensible (philosophie)|sansib]], tout sa ki ka yon objè eksperyans <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webdianoia.com/glosario/display.php?action=view&id=203&from=action=search%257Cby=M|title=Materia - Glosario de filosofía|website=webdianoia.com|language=es|access-date=2016-09-12}}.</ref> . ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] 3cb93lv9h9pvecridyxuv5hh327hjqv 883255 883254 2026-07-26T19:51:30Z Ferrovit 39921 883255 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . == Etimoloji == Mo ''matyè'' a soti nan mo laten " ''materia'' " a. bwa, materyèl konstriksyon " ki koresponn ak ''hyle'' grèk la (" materyèl, forè, jèg, bwa, konstriksyon ". Nan lang franse a, nou jwenn listwa depi XII syèk la jiska XX lan syèk konsèp sibstans materyèl [[Tangible|tanjib la]] <ref name="cnrtl2">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . An jeneral, tèm nan " matyè "nan filozòf yo refere a reyalite [[Sensible (philosophie)|sansib]], tout sa ki ka yon objè eksperyans <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webdianoia.com/glosario/display.php?action=view&id=203&from=action=search%257Cby=M|title=Materia - Glosario de filosofía|website=webdianoia.com|language=es|access-date=2016-09-12}}.</ref> . == Fizik == === Etat matyè yo === Matyè ka egziste nan plizyè [[Eta matyè|eta]] oswa [[Phase (thermodynamique)|faz]] . Kat eta ki pi byen koni yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[gaz]], ak [[Physique des plasmas|plasma]] . Genyen tou lòt eta, yon ti jan pi ekzotik, tankou [[Cristal liquide|kristal likid]], [[Condensat de Bose-Einstein|kondansasyon Bose-Einstein]], [[Superfluide|superfluid]] ak [[Fluide supercritique|likid superkritik]] . Lè matyè chanje soti nan yon eta pou ale nan yon lòt, li sibi yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] . Yon chanjman eta se pa yon transfòmasyon chimik. Yo etidye fenomèn sa a nan [[tèmodinamik]] atravè [[Diagramme de phase|dyagram faz]] . Yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] rive lè sèten karakteristik matyè chanje : [[presyon]], [[tanperati]], [[volim]], [[Densité|dansite]], [[enèji]] ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] eouyehhielvrj8s1su01v4rd4ryp0yu 883256 883255 2026-07-26T19:53:18Z Ferrovit 39921 /* Fizik */ 883256 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . == Etimoloji == Mo ''matyè'' a soti nan mo laten " ''materia'' " a. bwa, materyèl konstriksyon " ki koresponn ak ''hyle'' grèk la (" materyèl, forè, jèg, bwa, konstriksyon ". Nan lang franse a, nou jwenn listwa depi XII syèk la jiska XX lan syèk konsèp sibstans materyèl [[Tangible|tanjib la]] <ref name="cnrtl2">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . An jeneral, tèm nan " matyè "nan filozòf yo refere a reyalite [[Sensible (philosophie)|sansib]], tout sa ki ka yon objè eksperyans <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webdianoia.com/glosario/display.php?action=view&id=203&from=action=search%257Cby=M|title=Materia - Glosario de filosofía|website=webdianoia.com|language=es|access-date=2016-09-12}}.</ref> . == Fizik == === Etat matyè yo === Matyè ka egziste nan plizyè [[Eta matyè|eta]] oswa [[Phase (thermodynamique)|faz]] . Kat eta ki pi byen koni yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[gaz]], ak [[Physique des plasmas|plasma]] . Genyen tou lòt eta, yon ti jan pi ekzotik, tankou [[Cristal liquide|kristal likid]], [[Condensat de Bose-Einstein|kondansasyon Bose-Einstein]], [[Superfluide|superfluid]] ak [[Fluide supercritique|likid superkritik]] . Lè matyè chanje soti nan yon eta pou ale nan yon lòt, li sibi yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] . Yon chanjman eta se pa yon transfòmasyon chimik. Yo etidye fenomèn sa a nan [[tèmodinamik]] atravè [[Diagramme de phase|dyagram faz]] . Yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] rive lè sèten karakteristik matyè chanje : [[presyon]], [[tanperati]], [[volim]], [[Densité|dansite]], [[enèji]] === Nan fizik patikil === Matyè nan nivo fondamantal li fèt ak [[kwak]] ak [[lepton]] . Quak yo konbine pou fòme [[Hadron|adron]], prensipalman [[baryon]] ak [[Méson|mezon]] atravè [[Entèraksyon fò|fòs fò]] a, epi yo sipoze toujou [[Confinement des quarks|limite]] nan fason sa a. Pami baryon yo genyen [[pwoton]] an (ki gen yon [[Charge électrique|chaj elektrik]] pozitif) ak [[netwon]] an (ki pa gen chaj elektrik), ki konbine pou fòme [[nwayo atomik]] tout [[eleman chimik]] ki nan [[Tablo klasifikasyon peryodik eleman|tablo peryodik]] la. Nòmalman, nwayo sa yo antoure pa yon [[Nuage d'électrons|nyaj elektwon]] (ki gen yon chaj elektrik negatif epi ki egzakteman opoze ak chaj pwoton an). Konbinezon yon nwayo ak yon nyaj ki gen otan elektwon negatif ke pwoton pozitif ki prezan nan nwayo a se yon [[atòm]] . Li elektrikman net, sinon li se yon [[iyon]] <ref>Un ion chargé positivement est appelé [[cation]], tandis qu'un ion chargé négativement est appelé [[anion]].</ref> . Atòm yo ka ranje tèt yo ansanm pou fòme estrikti ki pi gwo ak pi konplèks, tankou [[molekil]] . Yon kantite siyifikatif patikil matyè yo eksprime an [[mòl]] . ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] ly6u4uh0vpqn9ha5xp74rhovmiiqwk2 883257 883256 2026-07-26T19:55:25Z Ferrovit 39921 883257 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . == Etimoloji == Mo ''matyè'' a soti nan mo laten " ''materia'' " a. bwa, materyèl konstriksyon " ki koresponn ak ''hyle'' grèk la (" materyèl, forè, jèg, bwa, konstriksyon ". Nan lang franse a, nou jwenn listwa depi XII syèk la jiska XX lan syèk konsèp sibstans materyèl [[Tangible|tanjib la]] <ref name="cnrtl2">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . An jeneral, tèm nan " matyè "nan filozòf yo refere a reyalite [[Sensible (philosophie)|sansib]], tout sa ki ka yon objè eksperyans <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webdianoia.com/glosario/display.php?action=view&id=203&from=action=search%257Cby=M|title=Materia - Glosario de filosofía|website=webdianoia.com|language=es|access-date=2016-09-12}}.</ref> . == Fizik == === Etat matyè yo === Matyè ka egziste nan plizyè [[Eta matyè|eta]] oswa [[Phase (thermodynamique)|faz]] . Kat eta ki pi byen koni yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[gaz]], ak [[Physique des plasmas|plasma]] . Genyen tou lòt eta, yon ti jan pi ekzotik, tankou [[Cristal liquide|kristal likid]], [[Condensat de Bose-Einstein|kondansasyon Bose-Einstein]], [[Superfluide|superfluid]] ak [[Fluide supercritique|likid superkritik]] . Lè matyè chanje soti nan yon eta pou ale nan yon lòt, li sibi yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] . Yon chanjman eta se pa yon transfòmasyon chimik. Yo etidye fenomèn sa a nan [[tèmodinamik]] atravè [[Diagramme de phase|dyagram faz]] . Yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] rive lè sèten karakteristik matyè chanje : [[presyon]], [[tanperati]], [[volim]], [[Densité|dansite]], [[enèji]] === Nan fizik patikil === Matyè nan nivo fondamantal li fèt ak [[kwak]] ak [[lepton]] . Quak yo konbine pou fòme [[Hadron|adron]], prensipalman [[baryon]] ak [[Méson|mezon]] atravè [[Entèraksyon fò|fòs fò]] a, epi yo sipoze toujou [[Confinement des quarks|limite]] nan fason sa a. Pami baryon yo genyen [[pwoton]] an (ki gen yon [[Charge électrique|chaj elektrik]] pozitif) ak [[netwon]] an (ki pa gen chaj elektrik), ki konbine pou fòme [[nwayo atomik]] tout [[eleman chimik]] ki nan [[Tablo klasifikasyon peryodik eleman|tablo peryodik]] la. Nòmalman, nwayo sa yo antoure pa yon [[Nuage d'électrons|nyaj elektwon]] (ki gen yon chaj elektrik negatif epi ki egzakteman opoze ak chaj pwoton an). Konbinezon yon nwayo ak yon nyaj ki gen otan elektwon negatif ke pwoton pozitif ki prezan nan nwayo a se yon [[atòm]] . Li elektrikman net, sinon li se yon [[iyon]] <ref>Un ion chargé positivement est appelé [[cation]], tandis qu'un ion chargé négativement est appelé [[anion]].</ref> . Atòm yo ka ranje tèt yo ansanm pou fòme estrikti ki pi gwo ak pi konplèks, tankou [[molekil]] . Yon kantite siyifikatif patikil matyè yo eksprime an [[mòl]] . [[Chimi]] se [[syans]] ki etidye kijan nwayo ak elektwon yo konbine pou fòme divès [[Eleman chimik|eleman]] ak molekil. ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] gy4jtzwn0oxs14j086q73wbap5agk51 883258 883257 2026-07-26T19:56:38Z Ferrovit 39921 /* Nan fizik patikil */ 883258 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . == Etimoloji == Mo ''matyè'' a soti nan mo laten " ''materia'' " a. bwa, materyèl konstriksyon " ki koresponn ak ''hyle'' grèk la (" materyèl, forè, jèg, bwa, konstriksyon ". Nan lang franse a, nou jwenn listwa depi XII syèk la jiska XX lan syèk konsèp sibstans materyèl [[Tangible|tanjib la]] <ref name="cnrtl2">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . An jeneral, tèm nan " matyè "nan filozòf yo refere a reyalite [[Sensible (philosophie)|sansib]], tout sa ki ka yon objè eksperyans <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webdianoia.com/glosario/display.php?action=view&id=203&from=action=search%257Cby=M|title=Materia - Glosario de filosofía|website=webdianoia.com|language=es|access-date=2016-09-12}}.</ref> . == Fizik == === Etat matyè yo === Matyè ka egziste nan plizyè [[Eta matyè|eta]] oswa [[Phase (thermodynamique)|faz]] . Kat eta ki pi byen koni yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[gaz]], ak [[Physique des plasmas|plasma]] . Genyen tou lòt eta, yon ti jan pi ekzotik, tankou [[Cristal liquide|kristal likid]], [[Condensat de Bose-Einstein|kondansasyon Bose-Einstein]], [[Superfluide|superfluid]] ak [[Fluide supercritique|likid superkritik]] . Lè matyè chanje soti nan yon eta pou ale nan yon lòt, li sibi yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] . Yon chanjman eta se pa yon transfòmasyon chimik. Yo etidye fenomèn sa a nan [[tèmodinamik]] atravè [[Diagramme de phase|dyagram faz]] . Yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] rive lè sèten karakteristik matyè chanje : [[presyon]], [[tanperati]], [[volim]], [[Densité|dansite]], [[enèji]] === Nan fizik patikil === Matyè nan nivo fondamantal li fèt ak [[kwak]] ak [[lepton]] . Quak yo konbine pou fòme [[Hadron|adron]], prensipalman [[baryon]] ak [[Méson|mezon]] atravè [[Entèraksyon fò|fòs fò]] a, epi yo sipoze toujou [[Confinement des quarks|limite]] nan fason sa a. Pami baryon yo genyen [[pwoton]] an (ki gen yon [[Charge électrique|chaj elektrik]] pozitif) ak [[netwon]] an (ki pa gen chaj elektrik), ki konbine pou fòme [[nwayo atomik]] tout [[eleman chimik]] ki nan [[Tablo klasifikasyon peryodik eleman|tablo peryodik]] la. Nòmalman, nwayo sa yo antoure pa yon [[Nuage d'électrons|nyaj elektwon]] (ki gen yon chaj elektrik negatif epi ki egzakteman opoze ak chaj pwoton an). Konbinezon yon nwayo ak yon nyaj ki gen otan elektwon negatif ke pwoton pozitif ki prezan nan nwayo a se yon [[atòm]] . Li elektrikman net, sinon li se yon [[iyon]] <ref>Un ion chargé positivement est appelé [[cation]], tandis qu'un ion chargé négativement est appelé [[anion]].</ref> . Atòm yo ka ranje tèt yo ansanm pou fòme estrikti ki pi gwo ak pi konplèks, tankou [[molekil]] . Yon kantite siyifikatif patikil matyè yo eksprime an [[mòl]] . [[Chimi]] se [[syans]] ki etidye kijan nwayo ak elektwon yo konbine pou fòme divès [[Eleman chimik|eleman]] ak molekil. Chak [[Particule élémentaire|patikil elementè]], e pa ekstansyon, chak patikil konpoze, asosye avèk yon (anti-)patikil [[Antimatyè|antimatè]] (pa egzanp [[elektwon]] - [[Pozitwon|pozitron]] oubyen pwoton-antipwoton). Yon patikil antimatè distenge de patnè li pa lefèt ke chaj elektrik li se opoze. Anplis de sa, nimewo [[Nombre baryonique|baryonik]] ak [[Nombre leptonique|leptonik]] yo konsève. Sepandan, patikil sa yo gen menm mas la. ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] c3s61umez1ozyiufi8jfvomgg9gr6mf 883259 883258 2026-07-26T19:58:15Z Ferrovit 39921 883259 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . == Etimoloji == Mo ''matyè'' a soti nan mo laten " ''materia'' " a. bwa, materyèl konstriksyon " ki koresponn ak ''hyle'' grèk la (" materyèl, forè, jèg, bwa, konstriksyon ". Nan lang franse a, nou jwenn listwa depi XII syèk la jiska XX lan syèk konsèp sibstans materyèl [[Tangible|tanjib la]] <ref name="cnrtl2">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . An jeneral, tèm nan " matyè "nan filozòf yo refere a reyalite [[Sensible (philosophie)|sansib]], tout sa ki ka yon objè eksperyans <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webdianoia.com/glosario/display.php?action=view&id=203&from=action=search%257Cby=M|title=Materia - Glosario de filosofía|website=webdianoia.com|language=es|access-date=2016-09-12}}.</ref> . == Fizik == === Etat matyè yo === Matyè ka egziste nan plizyè [[Eta matyè|eta]] oswa [[Phase (thermodynamique)|faz]] . Kat eta ki pi byen koni yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[gaz]], ak [[Physique des plasmas|plasma]] . Genyen tou lòt eta, yon ti jan pi ekzotik, tankou [[Cristal liquide|kristal likid]], [[Condensat de Bose-Einstein|kondansasyon Bose-Einstein]], [[Superfluide|superfluid]] ak [[Fluide supercritique|likid superkritik]] . Lè matyè chanje soti nan yon eta pou ale nan yon lòt, li sibi yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] . Yon chanjman eta se pa yon transfòmasyon chimik. Yo etidye fenomèn sa a nan [[tèmodinamik]] atravè [[Diagramme de phase|dyagram faz]] . Yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] rive lè sèten karakteristik matyè chanje : [[presyon]], [[tanperati]], [[volim]], [[Densité|dansite]], [[enèji]] === Nan fizik patikil === Matyè nan nivo fondamantal li fèt ak [[kwak]] ak [[lepton]] . Quak yo konbine pou fòme [[Hadron|adron]], prensipalman [[baryon]] ak [[Méson|mezon]] atravè [[Entèraksyon fò|fòs fò]] a, epi yo sipoze toujou [[Confinement des quarks|limite]] nan fason sa a. Pami baryon yo genyen [[pwoton]] an (ki gen yon [[Charge électrique|chaj elektrik]] pozitif) ak [[netwon]] an (ki pa gen chaj elektrik), ki konbine pou fòme [[nwayo atomik]] tout [[eleman chimik]] ki nan [[Tablo klasifikasyon peryodik eleman|tablo peryodik]] la. Nòmalman, nwayo sa yo antoure pa yon [[Nuage d'électrons|nyaj elektwon]] (ki gen yon chaj elektrik negatif epi ki egzakteman opoze ak chaj pwoton an). Konbinezon yon nwayo ak yon nyaj ki gen otan elektwon negatif ke pwoton pozitif ki prezan nan nwayo a se yon [[atòm]] . Li elektrikman net, sinon li se yon [[iyon]] <ref>Un ion chargé positivement est appelé [[cation]], tandis qu'un ion chargé négativement est appelé [[anion]].</ref> . Atòm yo ka ranje tèt yo ansanm pou fòme estrikti ki pi gwo ak pi konplèks, tankou [[molekil]] . Yon kantite siyifikatif patikil matyè yo eksprime an [[mòl]] . [[Chimi]] se [[syans]] ki etidye kijan nwayo ak elektwon yo konbine pou fòme divès [[Eleman chimik|eleman]] ak molekil. Chak [[Particule élémentaire|patikil elementè]], e pa ekstansyon, chak patikil konpoze, asosye avèk yon (anti-)patikil [[Antimatyè|antimatè]] (pa egzanp [[elektwon]] - [[Pozitwon|pozitron]] oubyen pwoton-antipwoton). Yon patikil antimatè distenge de patnè li pa lefèt ke chaj elektrik li se opoze. Anplis de sa, nimewo [[Nombre baryonique|baryonik]] ak [[Nombre leptonique|leptonik]] yo konsève. Sepandan, patikil sa yo gen menm mas la. Malgre ke lwa fondamantal fizik yo pa endike yon preferans pou matyè sou antimatyè, obsèvasyon [[Cosmologie|kozmolojik yo]] endike ke [[Linivè]] a prèske sèlman fèt ak matyè <ref>Cette dissymétrie drastique est communément attribuée à une toute petite dissymétrie originelle due aux [[Fluctuation quantique|fluctuations quantiques]] avant l'époque de l'[[Annihilation électron-positron|annihilation électrons-positrons]].</ref> {{,}} <ref>Sur ce dernier point toutefois, les observations récentes du [[fond diffus cosmologique]] effectuées par le satellite [[Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe|''WMAP'']] ont mis en évidence que la partie principale de la [[densité d'énergie]] de l'[[Univers]] n'est pas donnée par de la matière mais plutôt par l'[[énergie du vide]], appelée [[constante cosmologique]].</ref> . Remake byen ke pi gwo pati a (99.99 % nan volim) yon atòm fèt ak espas vid. Sa a se sa yo rele yon estrikti lakinè, ki te pwouve pa eksperyans [[Ernest Rutherford|Lord Ernest Rutherford]] la. Nwayo yo (sa vle di, matyè a li menm) nan de atòm ki konstitye " matyè » yo separe pa yon gwo distans espas vid <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sciencedesoi.com/metaphysique-matiere-pleine-vide/|title=Métaphysique : la réalité est pleine de vide|language=fr|access-date=2018-12-20}}.</ref> . ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] gt9qis0vkwe6882o6dxh3doc94gs8nu 883260 883259 2026-07-26T20:06:49Z Ferrovit 39921 883260 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . == Etimoloji == Mo ''matyè'' a soti nan mo laten " ''materia'' " a. bwa, materyèl konstriksyon " ki koresponn ak ''hyle'' grèk la (" materyèl, forè, jèg, bwa, konstriksyon ". Nan lang franse a, nou jwenn listwa depi XII syèk la jiska XX lan syèk konsèp sibstans materyèl [[Tangible|tanjib la]] <ref name="cnrtl2">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . An jeneral, tèm nan " matyè "nan filozòf yo refere a reyalite [[Sensible (philosophie)|sansib]], tout sa ki ka yon objè eksperyans <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webdianoia.com/glosario/display.php?action=view&id=203&from=action=search%257Cby=M|title=Materia - Glosario de filosofía|website=webdianoia.com|language=es|access-date=2016-09-12}}.</ref> . == Fizik == === Etat matyè yo === Matyè ka egziste nan plizyè [[Eta matyè|eta]] oswa [[Phase (thermodynamique)|faz]] . Kat eta ki pi byen koni yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[gaz]], ak [[Physique des plasmas|plasma]] . Genyen tou lòt eta, yon ti jan pi ekzotik, tankou [[Cristal liquide|kristal likid]], [[Condensat de Bose-Einstein|kondansasyon Bose-Einstein]], [[Superfluide|superfluid]] ak [[Fluide supercritique|likid superkritik]] . Lè matyè chanje soti nan yon eta pou ale nan yon lòt, li sibi yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] . Yon chanjman eta se pa yon transfòmasyon chimik. Yo etidye fenomèn sa a nan [[tèmodinamik]] atravè [[Diagramme de phase|dyagram faz]] . Yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] rive lè sèten karakteristik matyè chanje : [[presyon]], [[tanperati]], [[volim]], [[Densité|dansite]], [[enèji]] === Nan fizik patikil === Matyè nan nivo fondamantal li fèt ak [[kwak]] ak [[lepton]] . Quak yo konbine pou fòme [[Hadron|adron]], prensipalman [[baryon]] ak [[Méson|mezon]] atravè [[Entèraksyon fò|fòs fò]] a, epi yo sipoze toujou [[Confinement des quarks|limite]] nan fason sa a. Pami baryon yo genyen [[pwoton]] an (ki gen yon [[Charge électrique|chaj elektrik]] pozitif) ak [[netwon]] an (ki pa gen chaj elektrik), ki konbine pou fòme [[nwayo atomik]] tout [[eleman chimik]] ki nan [[Tablo klasifikasyon peryodik eleman|tablo peryodik]] la. Nòmalman, nwayo sa yo antoure pa yon [[Nuage d'électrons|nyaj elektwon]] (ki gen yon chaj elektrik negatif epi ki egzakteman opoze ak chaj pwoton an). Konbinezon yon nwayo ak yon nyaj ki gen otan elektwon negatif ke pwoton pozitif ki prezan nan nwayo a se yon [[atòm]] . Li elektrikman net, sinon li se yon [[iyon]] <ref>Un ion chargé positivement est appelé [[cation]], tandis qu'un ion chargé négativement est appelé [[anion]].</ref> . Atòm yo ka ranje tèt yo ansanm pou fòme estrikti ki pi gwo ak pi konplèks, tankou [[molekil]] . Yon kantite siyifikatif patikil matyè yo eksprime an [[mòl]] . [[Chimi]] se [[syans]] ki etidye kijan nwayo ak elektwon yo konbine pou fòme divès [[Eleman chimik|eleman]] ak molekil. Chak [[Particule élémentaire|patikil elementè]], e pa ekstansyon, chak patikil konpoze, asosye avèk yon (anti-)patikil [[Antimatyè|antimatè]] (pa egzanp [[elektwon]] - [[Pozitwon|pozitron]] oubyen pwoton-antipwoton). Yon patikil antimatè distenge de patnè li pa lefèt ke chaj elektrik li se opoze. Anplis de sa, nimewo [[Nombre baryonique|baryonik]] ak [[Nombre leptonique|leptonik]] yo konsève. Sepandan, patikil sa yo gen menm mas la. Malgre ke lwa fondamantal fizik yo pa endike yon preferans pou matyè sou antimatyè, obsèvasyon [[Cosmologie|kozmolojik yo]] endike ke [[Linivè]] a prèske sèlman fèt ak matyè <ref>Cette dissymétrie drastique est communément attribuée à une toute petite dissymétrie originelle due aux [[Fluctuation quantique|fluctuations quantiques]] avant l'époque de l'[[Annihilation électron-positron|annihilation électrons-positrons]].</ref> {{,}} <ref>Sur ce dernier point toutefois, les observations récentes du [[fond diffus cosmologique]] effectuées par le satellite [[Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe|''WMAP'']] ont mis en évidence que la partie principale de la [[densité d'énergie]] de l'[[Univers]] n'est pas donnée par de la matière mais plutôt par l'[[énergie du vide]], appelée [[constante cosmologique]].</ref> . Remake byen ke pi gwo pati a (99.99 % nan volim) yon atòm fèt ak espas vid. Sa a se sa yo rele yon estrikti lakinè, ki te pwouve pa eksperyans [[Ernest Rutherford|Lord Ernest Rutherford]] la. Nwayo yo (sa vle di, matyè a li menm) nan de atòm ki konstitye " matyè » yo separe pa yon gwo distans espas vid <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sciencedesoi.com/metaphysique-matiere-pleine-vide/|title=Métaphysique : la réalité est pleine de vide|language=fr|access-date=2018-12-20}}.</ref> . === Matyè ak teyori relativite a === Travay [[Albert Einstein]] nan [[Relativité restreinte|relativite espesyal]] la te mennen nan ekwasyon pi popilè [[E=mc2|{{Nowrap|''E'' {{=}} ''mc''{{2}}}}]] a, kote ''E'' se [[enèji]] repo yon sistèm, ''m'' se [[Mas inèsi|mas]] li, epi ''c'' se [[vitès limyè]] nan yon [[Vide (physique)|vid]] . Sa vle di ke mas ekivalan a enèji e vis vèsa. ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] 6hzlqsmjbx2c2acvl86mo8i1yppuhmt 883261 883260 2026-07-26T20:07:11Z Ferrovit 39921 /* Matyè ak teyori relativite a */ 883261 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . == Etimoloji == Mo ''matyè'' a soti nan mo laten " ''materia'' " a. bwa, materyèl konstriksyon " ki koresponn ak ''hyle'' grèk la (" materyèl, forè, jèg, bwa, konstriksyon ". Nan lang franse a, nou jwenn listwa depi XII syèk la jiska XX lan syèk konsèp sibstans materyèl [[Tangible|tanjib la]] <ref name="cnrtl2">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . An jeneral, tèm nan " matyè "nan filozòf yo refere a reyalite [[Sensible (philosophie)|sansib]], tout sa ki ka yon objè eksperyans <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webdianoia.com/glosario/display.php?action=view&id=203&from=action=search%257Cby=M|title=Materia - Glosario de filosofía|website=webdianoia.com|language=es|access-date=2016-09-12}}.</ref> . == Fizik == === Etat matyè yo === Matyè ka egziste nan plizyè [[Eta matyè|eta]] oswa [[Phase (thermodynamique)|faz]] . Kat eta ki pi byen koni yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[gaz]], ak [[Physique des plasmas|plasma]] . Genyen tou lòt eta, yon ti jan pi ekzotik, tankou [[Cristal liquide|kristal likid]], [[Condensat de Bose-Einstein|kondansasyon Bose-Einstein]], [[Superfluide|superfluid]] ak [[Fluide supercritique|likid superkritik]] . Lè matyè chanje soti nan yon eta pou ale nan yon lòt, li sibi yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] . Yon chanjman eta se pa yon transfòmasyon chimik. Yo etidye fenomèn sa a nan [[tèmodinamik]] atravè [[Diagramme de phase|dyagram faz]] . Yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] rive lè sèten karakteristik matyè chanje : [[presyon]], [[tanperati]], [[volim]], [[Densité|dansite]], [[enèji]] === Nan fizik patikil === Matyè nan nivo fondamantal li fèt ak [[kwak]] ak [[lepton]] . Quak yo konbine pou fòme [[Hadron|adron]], prensipalman [[baryon]] ak [[Méson|mezon]] atravè [[Entèraksyon fò|fòs fò]] a, epi yo sipoze toujou [[Confinement des quarks|limite]] nan fason sa a. Pami baryon yo genyen [[pwoton]] an (ki gen yon [[Charge électrique|chaj elektrik]] pozitif) ak [[netwon]] an (ki pa gen chaj elektrik), ki konbine pou fòme [[nwayo atomik]] tout [[eleman chimik]] ki nan [[Tablo klasifikasyon peryodik eleman|tablo peryodik]] la. Nòmalman, nwayo sa yo antoure pa yon [[Nuage d'électrons|nyaj elektwon]] (ki gen yon chaj elektrik negatif epi ki egzakteman opoze ak chaj pwoton an). Konbinezon yon nwayo ak yon nyaj ki gen otan elektwon negatif ke pwoton pozitif ki prezan nan nwayo a se yon [[atòm]] . Li elektrikman net, sinon li se yon [[iyon]] <ref>Un ion chargé positivement est appelé [[cation]], tandis qu'un ion chargé négativement est appelé [[anion]].</ref> . Atòm yo ka ranje tèt yo ansanm pou fòme estrikti ki pi gwo ak pi konplèks, tankou [[molekil]] . Yon kantite siyifikatif patikil matyè yo eksprime an [[mòl]] . [[Chimi]] se [[syans]] ki etidye kijan nwayo ak elektwon yo konbine pou fòme divès [[Eleman chimik|eleman]] ak molekil. Chak [[Particule élémentaire|patikil elementè]], e pa ekstansyon, chak patikil konpoze, asosye avèk yon (anti-)patikil [[Antimatyè|antimatè]] (pa egzanp [[elektwon]] - [[Pozitwon|pozitron]] oubyen pwoton-antipwoton). Yon patikil antimatè distenge de patnè li pa lefèt ke chaj elektrik li se opoze. Anplis de sa, nimewo [[Nombre baryonique|baryonik]] ak [[Nombre leptonique|leptonik]] yo konsève. Sepandan, patikil sa yo gen menm mas la. Malgre ke lwa fondamantal fizik yo pa endike yon preferans pou matyè sou antimatyè, obsèvasyon [[Cosmologie|kozmolojik yo]] endike ke [[Linivè]] a prèske sèlman fèt ak matyè <ref>Cette dissymétrie drastique est communément attribuée à une toute petite dissymétrie originelle due aux [[Fluctuation quantique|fluctuations quantiques]] avant l'époque de l'[[Annihilation électron-positron|annihilation électrons-positrons]].</ref> {{,}} <ref>Sur ce dernier point toutefois, les observations récentes du [[fond diffus cosmologique]] effectuées par le satellite [[Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe|''WMAP'']] ont mis en évidence que la partie principale de la [[densité d'énergie]] de l'[[Univers]] n'est pas donnée par de la matière mais plutôt par l'[[énergie du vide]], appelée [[constante cosmologique]].</ref> . Remake byen ke pi gwo pati a (99.99 % nan volim) yon atòm fèt ak espas vid. Sa a se sa yo rele yon estrikti lakinè, ki te pwouve pa eksperyans [[Ernest Rutherford|Lord Ernest Rutherford]] la. Nwayo yo (sa vle di, matyè a li menm) nan de atòm ki konstitye " matyè » yo separe pa yon gwo distans espas vid <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sciencedesoi.com/metaphysique-matiere-pleine-vide/|title=Métaphysique : la réalité est pleine de vide|language=fr|access-date=2018-12-20}}.</ref> . === Matyè ak teyori relativite a === Travay [[Albert Einstein]] nan [[Relativité restreinte|relativite espesyal]] la te mennen nan ekwasyon pi popilè [[E=mc2|{{Nowrap|''E'' {{=}} ''mc''{{2}}}}]] a, kote ''E'' se [[enèji]] repo yon sistèm, ''m'' se [[Mas inèsi|mas]] li, epi ''c'' se [[vitès limyè]] nan yon [[Vide (physique)|vid]] . Sa vle di ke mas ekivalan a enèji e vise vèsa. ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] jbpwnx97wk4kjh9c87yh2c8nwd4c7ss 883262 883261 2026-07-26T20:07:56Z Ferrovit 39921 /* Matyè ak teyori relativite a */ 883262 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . == Etimoloji == Mo ''matyè'' a soti nan mo laten " ''materia'' " a. bwa, materyèl konstriksyon " ki koresponn ak ''hyle'' grèk la (" materyèl, forè, jèg, bwa, konstriksyon ". Nan lang franse a, nou jwenn listwa depi XII syèk la jiska XX lan syèk konsèp sibstans materyèl [[Tangible|tanjib la]] <ref name="cnrtl2">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . An jeneral, tèm nan " matyè "nan filozòf yo refere a reyalite [[Sensible (philosophie)|sansib]], tout sa ki ka yon objè eksperyans <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webdianoia.com/glosario/display.php?action=view&id=203&from=action=search%257Cby=M|title=Materia - Glosario de filosofía|website=webdianoia.com|language=es|access-date=2016-09-12}}.</ref> . == Fizik == === Etat matyè yo === Matyè ka egziste nan plizyè [[Eta matyè|eta]] oswa [[Phase (thermodynamique)|faz]] . Kat eta ki pi byen koni yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[gaz]], ak [[Physique des plasmas|plasma]] . Genyen tou lòt eta, yon ti jan pi ekzotik, tankou [[Cristal liquide|kristal likid]], [[Condensat de Bose-Einstein|kondansasyon Bose-Einstein]], [[Superfluide|superfluid]] ak [[Fluide supercritique|likid superkritik]] . Lè matyè chanje soti nan yon eta pou ale nan yon lòt, li sibi yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] . Yon chanjman eta se pa yon transfòmasyon chimik. Yo etidye fenomèn sa a nan [[tèmodinamik]] atravè [[Diagramme de phase|dyagram faz]] . Yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] rive lè sèten karakteristik matyè chanje : [[presyon]], [[tanperati]], [[volim]], [[Densité|dansite]], [[enèji]] === Nan fizik patikil === Matyè nan nivo fondamantal li fèt ak [[kwak]] ak [[lepton]] . Quak yo konbine pou fòme [[Hadron|adron]], prensipalman [[baryon]] ak [[Méson|mezon]] atravè [[Entèraksyon fò|fòs fò]] a, epi yo sipoze toujou [[Confinement des quarks|limite]] nan fason sa a. Pami baryon yo genyen [[pwoton]] an (ki gen yon [[Charge électrique|chaj elektrik]] pozitif) ak [[netwon]] an (ki pa gen chaj elektrik), ki konbine pou fòme [[nwayo atomik]] tout [[eleman chimik]] ki nan [[Tablo klasifikasyon peryodik eleman|tablo peryodik]] la. Nòmalman, nwayo sa yo antoure pa yon [[Nuage d'électrons|nyaj elektwon]] (ki gen yon chaj elektrik negatif epi ki egzakteman opoze ak chaj pwoton an). Konbinezon yon nwayo ak yon nyaj ki gen otan elektwon negatif ke pwoton pozitif ki prezan nan nwayo a se yon [[atòm]] . Li elektrikman net, sinon li se yon [[iyon]] <ref>Un ion chargé positivement est appelé [[cation]], tandis qu'un ion chargé négativement est appelé [[anion]].</ref> . Atòm yo ka ranje tèt yo ansanm pou fòme estrikti ki pi gwo ak pi konplèks, tankou [[molekil]] . Yon kantite siyifikatif patikil matyè yo eksprime an [[mòl]] . [[Chimi]] se [[syans]] ki etidye kijan nwayo ak elektwon yo konbine pou fòme divès [[Eleman chimik|eleman]] ak molekil. Chak [[Particule élémentaire|patikil elementè]], e pa ekstansyon, chak patikil konpoze, asosye avèk yon (anti-)patikil [[Antimatyè|antimatè]] (pa egzanp [[elektwon]] - [[Pozitwon|pozitron]] oubyen pwoton-antipwoton). Yon patikil antimatè distenge de patnè li pa lefèt ke chaj elektrik li se opoze. Anplis de sa, nimewo [[Nombre baryonique|baryonik]] ak [[Nombre leptonique|leptonik]] yo konsève. Sepandan, patikil sa yo gen menm mas la. Malgre ke lwa fondamantal fizik yo pa endike yon preferans pou matyè sou antimatyè, obsèvasyon [[Cosmologie|kozmolojik yo]] endike ke [[Linivè]] a prèske sèlman fèt ak matyè <ref>Cette dissymétrie drastique est communément attribuée à une toute petite dissymétrie originelle due aux [[Fluctuation quantique|fluctuations quantiques]] avant l'époque de l'[[Annihilation électron-positron|annihilation électrons-positrons]].</ref> {{,}} <ref>Sur ce dernier point toutefois, les observations récentes du [[fond diffus cosmologique]] effectuées par le satellite [[Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe|''WMAP'']] ont mis en évidence que la partie principale de la [[densité d'énergie]] de l'[[Univers]] n'est pas donnée par de la matière mais plutôt par l'[[énergie du vide]], appelée [[constante cosmologique]].</ref> . Remake byen ke pi gwo pati a (99.99 % nan volim) yon atòm fèt ak espas vid. Sa a se sa yo rele yon estrikti lakinè, ki te pwouve pa eksperyans [[Ernest Rutherford|Lord Ernest Rutherford]] la. Nwayo yo (sa vle di, matyè a li menm) nan de atòm ki konstitye " matyè » yo separe pa yon gwo distans espas vid <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sciencedesoi.com/metaphysique-matiere-pleine-vide/|title=Métaphysique : la réalité est pleine de vide|language=fr|access-date=2018-12-20}}.</ref> . === Matyè ak teyori relativite a === Travay [[Albert Einstein]] nan [[Relativité restreinte|relativite espesyal]] la te mennen nan ekwasyon pi popilè [[E=mc2|{{Nowrap|''E'' {{=}} ''mc''{{2}}}}]] a, kote ''E'' se [[enèji]] repo yon sistèm, ''m'' se [[Mas inèsi|mas]] li, epi ''c'' se [[vitès limyè]] nan yon [[Vide (physique)|vid]] . Sa vle di ke mas ekivalan a enèji e vise vèsa. Konsa, pa egzanp, lè plizyè patikil konbine pou fòme atòm, mas total (an repo) asanblaj la mwens pase sòm mas konstitiyan yo (an repo) paske an reyalite yon pati nan mas konstitiyan yo konvèti an énergie de liaison, nesesè pou asire [[Fòs koyesif|koyezyon]] antye a. Fenomèn sa a rele [[Défaut de masse|defo mas]] . ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] e5zenlq98gp8zd4z2u6gkf9nq2qupn7 883263 883262 2026-07-26T20:08:46Z Ferrovit 39921 /* Matyè ak teyori relativite a */ 883263 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matyè''' se yon nenpòt objè ki gen mas epi ki pran espas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |title=Kopi achiv |access-date=2010-06-08 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728075049/http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/mlg/mss/HaitianCreole_ms_M.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nan fizik, '''matyè''' se sa ki konpoze tout [[Corps (entité)|kò]] (yon objè ki gen [[Reyalite|yon reyalite]] [[Espace (notion)|espasyal]] ak yon mas), sa vle di, yon sibstans materyèl « ki gen karakteristik fondamantal yo se limit ak mas » <ref name="cnrtl">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . Kat [[eta matyè]] ki pi komen yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[Gaz|gaz,]] ak [[Plasma (fizik)|plasma]] . Okontrè, nan [[fizik]], nenpòt bagay ki gen mas se matyè. Matyè òdinè ki antoure nou an fèt sitou ak [[baryon]] epi li konstitye '''[[Matière baryonique|matyè baryonik]]''' . Definisyon sa a eskli [[Boson|bozon fondamantal yo]], ki pote kat [[Entèraksyon elemantè|fòs fondamantal]] yo, byenke yo gen mas ak/oswa [[enèji]] . == Etimoloji == Mo ''matyè'' a soti nan mo laten " ''materia'' " a. bwa, materyèl konstriksyon " ki koresponn ak ''hyle'' grèk la (" materyèl, forè, jèg, bwa, konstriksyon ". Nan lang franse a, nou jwenn listwa depi XII syèk la jiska XX lan syèk konsèp sibstans materyèl [[Tangible|tanjib la]] <ref name="cnrtl2">[[Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales|CNRTL]], [https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/matière matière], {{citation|Étymol. et Hist. A. 1. Début xiies. «substance dont une chose est faite» (St Brendan, 1680 ds T.-L.); 2. ca 1256 «substance évacuée par le corps» (Aldebran de Sienne, Régime du corps, 28, 13, ibid.); spéc. 1538 matiere fecalle (Est.); 3. 1280 «substance d'une médication» (Clef d'amour, 2415 et 2442 ds T.-L.); d'où 1717 matière médecinale «ensemble des substances utilisées dans les médications» (Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, t.2, p.386); 4. 1580 matières grasses (B. Palissy, Discours admirables, p.429 ds IGLF); 5. 1681 «substance que l'industrie ou l'artisanat met en œuvre (ici, les métaux précieux pour les monnaies)» (Colbert, Lettres et Mémoires, éd. P. Clément, II, 157); 1771 matières premières (Baudeau, Philosophie Economique, D., II, p.660 ds Brunot t.6, p.381, note 2); 6. 1764 «alliage à base de plomb dans lequel sont fondus les caractères d'imprimerie» (Fournier, Manuel typographique, 109 ds IGLF); 7. 1913 matière plastique (Lar. mens., oct., p.859)}}.</ref> . An jeneral, tèm nan " matyè "nan filozòf yo refere a reyalite [[Sensible (philosophie)|sansib]], tout sa ki ka yon objè eksperyans <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webdianoia.com/glosario/display.php?action=view&id=203&from=action=search%257Cby=M|title=Materia - Glosario de filosofía|website=webdianoia.com|language=es|access-date=2016-09-12}}.</ref> . == Fizik == === Etat matyè yo === Matyè ka egziste nan plizyè [[Eta matyè|eta]] oswa [[Phase (thermodynamique)|faz]] . Kat eta ki pi byen koni yo se [[solid]], [[likid]], [[gaz]], ak [[Physique des plasmas|plasma]] . Genyen tou lòt eta, yon ti jan pi ekzotik, tankou [[Cristal liquide|kristal likid]], [[Condensat de Bose-Einstein|kondansasyon Bose-Einstein]], [[Superfluide|superfluid]] ak [[Fluide supercritique|likid superkritik]] . Lè matyè chanje soti nan yon eta pou ale nan yon lòt, li sibi yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] . Yon chanjman eta se pa yon transfòmasyon chimik. Yo etidye fenomèn sa a nan [[tèmodinamik]] atravè [[Diagramme de phase|dyagram faz]] . Yon [[Transition de phase|tranzisyon faz]] rive lè sèten karakteristik matyè chanje : [[presyon]], [[tanperati]], [[volim]], [[Densité|dansite]], [[enèji]] === Nan fizik patikil === Matyè nan nivo fondamantal li fèt ak [[kwak]] ak [[lepton]] . Quak yo konbine pou fòme [[Hadron|adron]], prensipalman [[baryon]] ak [[Méson|mezon]] atravè [[Entèraksyon fò|fòs fò]] a, epi yo sipoze toujou [[Confinement des quarks|limite]] nan fason sa a. Pami baryon yo genyen [[pwoton]] an (ki gen yon [[Charge électrique|chaj elektrik]] pozitif) ak [[netwon]] an (ki pa gen chaj elektrik), ki konbine pou fòme [[nwayo atomik]] tout [[eleman chimik]] ki nan [[Tablo klasifikasyon peryodik eleman|tablo peryodik]] la. Nòmalman, nwayo sa yo antoure pa yon [[Nuage d'électrons|nyaj elektwon]] (ki gen yon chaj elektrik negatif epi ki egzakteman opoze ak chaj pwoton an). Konbinezon yon nwayo ak yon nyaj ki gen otan elektwon negatif ke pwoton pozitif ki prezan nan nwayo a se yon [[atòm]] . Li elektrikman net, sinon li se yon [[iyon]] <ref>Un ion chargé positivement est appelé [[cation]], tandis qu'un ion chargé négativement est appelé [[anion]].</ref> . Atòm yo ka ranje tèt yo ansanm pou fòme estrikti ki pi gwo ak pi konplèks, tankou [[molekil]] . Yon kantite siyifikatif patikil matyè yo eksprime an [[mòl]] . [[Chimi]] se [[syans]] ki etidye kijan nwayo ak elektwon yo konbine pou fòme divès [[Eleman chimik|eleman]] ak molekil. Chak [[Particule élémentaire|patikil elementè]], e pa ekstansyon, chak patikil konpoze, asosye avèk yon (anti-)patikil [[Antimatyè|antimatè]] (pa egzanp [[elektwon]] - [[Pozitwon|pozitron]] oubyen pwoton-antipwoton). Yon patikil antimatè distenge de patnè li pa lefèt ke chaj elektrik li se opoze. Anplis de sa, nimewo [[Nombre baryonique|baryonik]] ak [[Nombre leptonique|leptonik]] yo konsève. Sepandan, patikil sa yo gen menm mas la. Malgre ke lwa fondamantal fizik yo pa endike yon preferans pou matyè sou antimatyè, obsèvasyon [[Cosmologie|kozmolojik yo]] endike ke [[Linivè]] a prèske sèlman fèt ak matyè <ref>Cette dissymétrie drastique est communément attribuée à une toute petite dissymétrie originelle due aux [[Fluctuation quantique|fluctuations quantiques]] avant l'époque de l'[[Annihilation électron-positron|annihilation électrons-positrons]].</ref> {{,}} <ref>Sur ce dernier point toutefois, les observations récentes du [[fond diffus cosmologique]] effectuées par le satellite [[Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe|''WMAP'']] ont mis en évidence que la partie principale de la [[densité d'énergie]] de l'[[Univers]] n'est pas donnée par de la matière mais plutôt par l'[[énergie du vide]], appelée [[constante cosmologique]].</ref> . Remake byen ke pi gwo pati a (99.99 % nan volim) yon atòm fèt ak espas vid. Sa a se sa yo rele yon estrikti lakinè, ki te pwouve pa eksperyans [[Ernest Rutherford|Lord Ernest Rutherford]] la. Nwayo yo (sa vle di, matyè a li menm) nan de atòm ki konstitye " matyè » yo separe pa yon gwo distans espas vid <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sciencedesoi.com/metaphysique-matiere-pleine-vide/|title=Métaphysique : la réalité est pleine de vide|language=fr|access-date=2018-12-20}}.</ref> . === Matyè ak teyori relativite a === Travay [[Albert Einstein]] nan [[Relativité restreinte|relativite espesyal]] la te mennen nan ekwasyon pi popilè [[E=mc2|{{Nowrap|''E'' {{=}} ''mc''{{2}}}}]] a, kote ''E'' se [[enèji]] repo yon sistèm, ''m'' se [[Mas inèsi|mas]] li, epi ''c'' se [[vitès limyè]] nan yon [[Vide (physique)|vid]] . Sa vle di ke mas ekivalan a enèji e vise vèsa. Konsa, pa egzanp, lè plizyè patikil konbine pou fòme atòm, mas total (an repo) asanblaj la mwens pase sòm mas konstitiyan yo (an repo) paske an reyalite yon pati nan mas konstitiyan yo konvèti an énergie de liaison, nesesè pou asire [[Fòs koyesif|koyezyon]] antye a. Fenomèn sa a rele [[Défaut de masse|defo mas]] . Menm fizisyen sa a te etabli lyen ki genyen ant koube [[Espace-temps|espas-tan]] ak [[Énergie de masse|mas-enèji]] atravè [[Théorie de la relativité générale|teyori relativite jeneral la.]] mas (inersi) matyè a (oswa yon ekivalan enèji) koube espas-tan note " [[Géodésique|Jeodezik]] pou swiv yo, trajektwa posib yo." Kidonk, nan [[Relativité générale|relativite jeneral]], matyè ak [[enèji]] yo gwoupe anba menm banyè a epi yon fason pou mezire [[Anpil|kantite]] yo se obsève koube espas-tan ki gen yo a. ==Referans== {{reflist}} [[kategori:syans]] bbwc6lj7dcu228lh564uwac9j3iu2o6 3 67450 883286 882996 2026-07-27T02:00:11Z MediaWiki message delivery 11567 /* Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-31 */ nouvelle section 883286 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Achiv auto | recherche = oui | âge = 90 jou }} == Modèl:Refsou == Is [[Modèl:Refsou]] the same as [[w:en:Template:Citation needed]]? [[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|diskisyon]]) 19 jiyè 2024 à 17:14 (UTC) :Hello @[[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]], Of course they are the same, and it is copied from the French version with translation into Haitian Creole [[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:Kitanago|diskisyon]]) 28 septanm 2024 à 01:37 (UTC) ::So the same as [[Modèl:Referans nesesè]]? [[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|diskisyon]]) 28 septanm 2024 à 02:56 (UTC) == Thank You for Your Contribution to Feminism and Folklore 2024! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in organizing the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeHYAhFA9Q5vUs9UA1N45TOUxUdSNO8igGTmg4oPUL_qXS1EQ/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] by August 15th, 2024. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2025. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 21 jiyè 2024 à 12:28 (UTC) </div>. <!-- Message envoyé par User:Tiven2240@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2024&oldid=26557949 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-30 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Rathaus-Glockenspiel]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:2019-11-16, Glockenspiel, Neues Münchner Rathaus, IMG 7463 edit Christoph Braun.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Rathaus-Glockenspiel''' is a large mechanical clock located in Marienplatz Square, in the heart of Munich, Germany. Famous for its life-size characters, the clock twice daily re-enacts scenes from Munich's history. First is the story of the marriage of Duke Wilhelm V to Renata of Lorraine in 1568, followed by the story of the Schäfflerstanz, also known as the coopers' dance. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 22 jiyè 2024 à 01:56 (UTC)'' </div> </div> <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27031540 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-31 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Nederlandsche Cocaïnefabriek]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Nederlandsche Cocaïnefabriek]])&#32;([[:nl:Nederlandsche Cocaïnefabriek]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Nederlandsche Cocainefabriek Schinkelstraat Amsterdam architect HH Baanders 1902.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Nederlandsche Cocaïnefabriek''' (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈneːdərlɑntsə koːkaːˈinəfaːˌbrik]; English: Dutch Cocaine Factory) or NCF was an Amsterdam-based company producing cocaine for medical purposes in the 20th century. It imported its raw materials mainly from the Dutch East Indies and sold its products across Europe, making good profits especially in the early years of World War I. The NCF produced morphine, heroin and ephedrine as well. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 29 jiyè 2024 à 01:44 (UTC)'' </div> </div> <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27150339 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-32 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Suffrage drama]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Pamphlet from NAWSA for women's suffrage plays, page 1.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Suffrage drama''' (also known as suffrage plays or suffrage theatre) is a form of dramatic literature that emerged during the British women's suffrage movement in the early twentieth century. Suffrage performances lasted approximately from 1907-1914. Many suffrage plays called for a predominant or all female cast. Suffrage plays served to reveal issues behind the suffrage movement. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 5 out 2024 à 02:13 (UTC)'' </div> </div> <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27150339 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-33 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Karatgurk]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:it:Karatgurk]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> In the Australian Aboriginal mythology of the Aboriginal people of south-eastern Australian state of Victoria, the '''Karatgurk''' were seven sisters who represented the constellation known in western astronomy as the Pleiades. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 12 out 2024 à 02:13 (UTC)'' </div> </div> <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27264174 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-34 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:B1 (classification)]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''B1''' is a medical-based Paralympic classification for blind sport. Athletes in this classification are totally or almost totally blind. It is used by a number of blind sports including blind tennis, para-alpine skiing, para-Nordic skiing, blind cricket, blind golf, five-a-side football, goalball and judo. Some other sports, including adaptive rowing, athletics and swimming, have equivalents to this class. The B1 classification was first created by the IBSA in the 1970s, and has largely remained unchanged since despite an effort by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) to move towards a more functional and evidence-based classification system. Classification is often handled on the international level by the International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) but it sometimes handled by national sport federations. There are exceptions for sports like athletics and cycling, where classification is handled by their own governing bodies. Equipment utilized by competitors in this class may differ from sport to sport, and may include sighted guides, guide rails, beeping balls and clapsticks. There may be some modifications related to equipment and rules to specifically address needs of competitors in this class to allow them to compete in specific sports. Some sports specifically do not allow a guide, whereas cycling and skiing require one. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 19 out 2024 à 01:56 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27278917 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-35 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Erzi (village)]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Caucasus, Ingushetia, Ингушские боевые и смотровые башни, горы Кавказа.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Erzi''' (Russian: Эрзи; Ingush: Аьрзи, romanized: Ärzi, lit. 'Eagle') is a medieval village (aul) in the Dzheyrakhsky District of Ingushetia. It is part of the rural settlement (administrative center) of Olgeti. The entire territory of the settlement is included in the Dzheyrakh-Assa State Historical-Architectural and Natural Museum-Reserve and is under state protection. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 26 out 2024 à 03:19 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27345183 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-37 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Cappadocian calendar]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Cappadocian calendar''' was a solar calendar that was derived from the Persian Zoroastrian calendar. It is named after the historic region Cappadocia in present-day Turkey, where it was used. The calendar, which had 12 months of 30 days each and five epagomenal days, originated between 550 and 330 BC, when Cappadocia was part of the Persian Achaemenid Empire. The Cappadocian calendar was identical to the Zoroastrian calendar; this can be seen in its structure, in the Avestan names and in the order of the months. The Cappadocian calendar reflects the Iranian cultural influence in the region. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 9 septanm 2024 à 01:42 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27357319 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-39 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Independence Day (Albania)]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Independence Day''' (Albanian: Dita e Pavarësisë) is a public holiday in Albania observed on 28 November. It commemorates the Albanian Declaration of Independence (from the Ottoman Empire), which was ratified by the All-Albanian Congress on 28 November 1912, establishing the state of Albania. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 23 septanm 2024 à 00:29 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27456350 --> == Voters == Have you invited eligible voters to [[Wikipedya:Administratè#Kitanago 2024-2025]], or would you like me to? [[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|diskisyon]]) 27 septanm 2024 à 01:56 (UTC) :Hello @[[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]], no I don't do it yet. Thanks for helping me! [[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:Kitanago|diskisyon]]) 28 septanm 2024 à 01:32 (UTC) ::I'll post messages to the more active editors in [[Espesyal:ItilizatèAktif]]. (I have done this for admin elections here for years now.) [[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|diskisyon]]) 28 septanm 2024 à 02:59 (UTC) == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-40 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Wildlife of Bahrain]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Birds in Al-Areen Wildlife Park.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The wildlife of the archipelago of Bahrain, is more varied than might be expected of this small group of islands in the Persian Gulf. Apart from a strip of the north and west of the main island, where crops are grown with irrigation, the land is arid. With a very hot dry summer, a mild winter, and brackish groundwater, the plants need adaptations in order to survive. Nevertheless, 196 species of higher plant have been recorded here, as well as about seventeen species of terrestrial mammals, many birds and reptiles, and many migratory birds visit the islands in autumn and spring. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 30 septanm 2024 à 01:57 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27456350 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-42 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Little Danes experiment]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:fa:آزمایش دانمارکی‌های کوچک]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Children play at a Danish Red Cross-run orphanage in Greenland.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''little Danes experiment''' was a 1951 Danish operation where 22 Greenlandic Inuit children were sent to Danish foster families in an attempt to re-educate them as "little Danes". While the children were all supposed to be orphans, most were not. Six children were adopted while in Denmark, and sixteen returned to Greenland, only to be placed in Danish-speaking orphanages and never live with their families again. Half of the children experienced mental health disturbances, and half of them died in young adulthood. The government of Denmark officially apologised in 2020, after several years of demands from Greenlandic officials. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 14 oktòb 2024 à 03:16 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27572997 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-43 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Kharayeb]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Muharram 1Oth-Ashouraa 2007 in Kharayeb - panoramio.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Kharayeb''' (Arabic: الخرايب) is a historic town in the Sidon District in the South Governorate, Lebanon. The town is 77 km (48 mi) south of Beirut, and stands at an average altitude of 190 m (620 ft) above sea level. The town boasts a rich historical legacy, with archaeological excavations revealing a complex settlement history spanning from Prehistory to the Ottoman period. Notably, Kharayeb's origins can be traced back to the Persian period (539–330 BC), when it played a pivotal role in the region's agricultural and economic landscape, culminating in the construction of its Phoenician temple around the 6th century BC. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 21 oktòb 2024 à 02:38 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27572997 --> == Request == Hi! Can you please take a look at [[:Kategori:Pou efase]]? Thanks, [[Itilizatè:TenWhile6|TenWhile6]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:TenWhile6|diskisyon]]) 25 oktòb 2024 à 09:36 (UTC) :Okay [[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:Kitanago|diskisyon]]) 25 oktòb 2024 à 16:59 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklores 2024 Organizers Feedback == Dear Organizer, [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | right | frameless]] We extend our heartfelt gratitude for your invaluable contributions to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2024 Feminism and Folklore 2024]. Your dedication to promoting feminist perspectives on Wikimedia platforms has been instrumental in the campaign's success. To better understand your initiatives and impact, we invite you to participate in a short survey (5-7 minutes). Your feedback will help us document your achievements in our report and showcase your story in our upcoming blog, highlighting the diversity of [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore] initiatives. Click to participate in the [https://forms.gle/dSeoDP1r7S4KCrVZ6 survey]. By participating in the By participating in the survey, you help us share your efforts in reports and upcoming blogs. This will help showcase and amplify your work, inspiring others to join the movement. The survey covers: #Community engagement and participation #Challenges and successes #Partnership Thank you again for your tireless efforts in promoting [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore]. Best regards,<br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 14:23, 26 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-44 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Christmas horror]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Terror navideño]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Christmascarol1843 -- 169.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Christmas horror''' is a fiction genre and film genre that incorporates horror elements into a seasonal setting. It is popular in multiple countries. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 28 oktòb 2024 à 02:05 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27647428 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-45 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Placenta cake]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:simple:Placenta cake]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Bucharest, Greek pie-maker, 1880.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Placenta cake''' is a dish from ancient Greece and Rome consisting of many dough layers interspersed with a mixture of cheese and honey and flavored with bay leaves, baked and then covered in honey. The dessert is mentioned in classical texts such as the Greek poems of Archestratos and Antiphanes, as well as the De agri cultura of Cato the Elder. It is often seen as the predecessor of baklava and börek. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 4 novanm 2024 à 02:17 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27647428 --> == [Reminder] Apply for Cycle 3 Grants by December 1st! == Dear Feminism and Folklore Organizers, We hope this message finds you well. We are excited to inform you that the application window for Wikimedia Foundation's Cycle 3 of our grants is now open. Please ensure to submit your applications by December 1st. For a comprehensive guide on how to apply, please refer to the Wiki Loves Folklore Grant Toolkit: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_Grant_Toolkit Additionally, you can find detailed information on the Rapid Grant timeline here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid#Timeline We appreciate your continuous efforts and contributions to our campaigns. Should you have any questions or need further assistance, please do not hesitate to reach out: '''support@wikilovesfolkore.org''' Kind regards, <br> On behalf of the Wiki Loves Folklore International Team. <br> [[User:Joris Darlington Quarshie | Joris Darlington Quarshie]] ([[User talk:Joris Darlington Quarshie|talk]]) 08:39, 9 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-46 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Trisomy 16]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Chromosome 16.svg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Trisomy 16''' is a chromosomal abnormality in which there are 3 copies of chromosome 16 rather than two. It is the most common trisomy leading to miscarriage and the second most common chromosomal cause of it, closely following X-chromosome monosomy. About 6% of miscarriages have trisomy 16. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 11 novanm 2024 à 02:09 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27708700 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-47 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Boana platanera]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Rana platanera - Boana platanera.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''Boana platanera''''', commonly known as the banana tree dwelling frog, is a species of tree frog in the family Hylidae. It is distributed within Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, and Trinidad and Tobago. Boana platanera was described in 2021, and individuals of the species were previously classified as Boana crepitans or Boana xerophylla. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 18 novanm 2024 à 02:53 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27735014 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-48 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Wang Su-bok]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:fa:وانگ سو بوک]])&#32;([[:ko:왕수복]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Wang Su-bok''' was a singer from North Korea, who was the most popular singer in Japanese-occupied Korea in 1935. She was credited as a ground-breaking female artist, whose work led the way for the modern K-pop phenomenon. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 25 novanm 2024 à 01:57 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27846897 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-49 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Storm Filomena]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Spain’s chilly blanket ESA22415247.jpeg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Storm Filomena''' was an extratropical cyclone in early January 2021 that was most notable for bringing unusually heavy snowfall to parts of Spain, with Madrid recording its heaviest snowfall in over a century, and with Portugal being hit less severely. The eighth named storm of the 2020–21 European windstorm season, Filomena formed over the Atlantic Ocean close to the Canary Islands on 7 January, subsequently taking a slow track north-eastwards towards the Iberian Peninsula and then eastwards across the Mediterranean Sea. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 2 desanm 2024 à 02:48 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27846897 --> == [Workshop] Identifying Win-Win Relationships with Partners for Wikimedia == Dear Recipient,<br> We are excited to invite you to the third workshop in our Advocacy series, part of the Feminism and Folklore International Campaign. This highly anticipated workshop, titled <b>"Identifying Win-Win Relationships with Partners for Wikimedia,"</b> will be led by the esteemed Alex Stinson, Lead Program Strategist at the Wikimedia Foundation. Don't miss this opportunity to gain valuable insights into forging effective partnerships. ===Workshop Objectives=== * <b>Introduction to Partnerships: </b>Understand the importance of building win-win relationships within the Wikimedia movement. * <b>Strategies for Collaboration: </b>Learn practical strategies for identifying and fostering effective partnerships. * <b>Case Studies:</b> Explore real-world examples of successful partnerships in the Wikimedia community. * <b>Interactive Discussions: </b>Engage in discussions to share experiences and insights on collaboration and advocacy. ===Workshop Details=== 📅 Date: 7th December 2024<br> ⏰ Time: 4:30 PM UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1733589000 Check your local time zone])<br> 📍 Venue: Zoom Meeting ===How to Join:=== Registration Link: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Event:Identifying_Win-Win_Relationships_with_Partners_for_Wikimedia <br> Meeting ID: 860 4444 3016 <br> Passcode: 834088 We welcome participants to bring their diverse perspectives and stories as we drive into the collaborative opportunities within the Wikimedia movement. Together, we’ll explore how these partnerships can enhance our advocacy and community efforts. Thank you, Wiki Loves Folklore International Team [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 07:34, 03 December 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == Evènman nan Nouyòk == Bonjou ! Demen, dimanch 8 desanm, pral gen yon ti evènman nan Nouyòk, kote mwen pral montre kèk moun ki pale kreyòl ayisyen ki jan yo edite Wikipedia. Nou pral petèt kreye ak modifye kèk atik. Ou se administratè a, donk mwen te vle fè w konnen sa. Mwen pa pale kreyòl ayisyen byen, men mwen ka li ak ekri kreyòl yon ti, ak mwen pral fè tout sa mwen kapab pou gade ki moun sa a edite byen. Mèsi ! [[Itilizatè:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:Amire80|diskisyon]]) 7 desanm 2024 à 21:02 (UTC) :Bonjou @[[Itilizatè:Amire80|Amire80]] ! Pa gen pwoblèm, si ou ta bezwen sipò mwen, pa neglije kontakte m. [[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:Kitanago|diskisyon]]) 7 desanm 2024 à 22:43 (UTC) == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-50 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Syrian literature]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Poem about Baybars page 1 from Hakawati book.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Syrian literature''' is modern fiction written or orally performed in Arabic by writers from Syria since the independence of the Syrian Arab Republic in 1946. It is part of the historically and geographically wider Arabic literature. The modern states of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel as well as the Palestinian autonomous areas only came into being in the mid-20th century. Therefore, Syrian literature has since been referred to by literary scholarship as the national literature of the Syrian Arab Republic, as well as the works created in Arabic by Syrian writers in the diaspora. This literature has been influenced by the country's political history, the literature of other Arabic-speaking countries and, especially in its early days, by French literature. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 9 desanm 2024 à 01:59 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27846897 --> == Lang template == In [https://ht.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doctor_Who&oldid=856014 this]: The {{tl|lang}} template here is meant to put a small (80%) language code in the article, like this: {{lang|en|Something}}. It has mostly been used in the ==External links== section. [[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|diskisyon]]) 12 desanm 2024 à 17:36 (UTC) :Hello @[[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]], Likewise in wp fr this model is used to indicate the language of a text, of any word. I don't know yet, does it have another role? [[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:Kitanago|diskisyon]]) 14 desanm 2024 à 20:20 (UTC) ::I think that [[Template:Lang]] on this wiki might have been intended, when it was originally created, to correspond to [[w:en:Template:In lang]] and not [[w:en:Template:Lang]]. See [[Lis endikatif telefòn entènasyonal pa kòd zòn#Lyen ekstèn]] for one that uses both {{tl|en}} and also {{tl|lang|en||}}. ::80% font size is okay for a note that says <small>(In English)</small>. It's not okay for text in the middle of an article, or in its title: "{{lang|en|Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone}} is the first Harry Potter book." Also, I don't really want to see "(en)" in ordinary sentences. ::For pure markup purposes, then the visual editor adds the codes (same menu as other character formatting): <span lang="en" dir="ltr">This is English</span>. [[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|diskisyon]]) 14 desanm 2024 à 21:57 (UTC) :::The majority of articles using this template are directly translated from French, mainly using machine translation. Therefore, it is used in the same way as in the French version. If this template were to be changed now, wouldn't it require increased monitoring of translations coming from French? [[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:Kitanago|diskisyon]]) 14 desanm 2024 à 22:32 (UTC) ::::Well... that depends on whether the translation method is "Paste raw wikitext into Google Translate and hope that what comes out isn't too broken" or "Use the [[mw:Content translation]] tools, which are designed to map templates to their matching pairs via Wikidata". Google Translate screws up all kinds of things (e.g., turning <code><nowiki>[[Link]]</nowiki></code> into <code>[Link ] ]</code>) so this would be just one more among hundreds of problems it creates. ::::If we want to turn it into a way of wrapping some text in <code><nowiki><span lang="en" dir="ltr"></nowiki></code> tags, then we need to change the template. [[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|diskisyon]]) 15 desanm 2024 à 02:11 (UTC) :::::I understand, maybe it's a copy of the English or French version? [[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:Kitanago|diskisyon]]) 16 desanm 2024 à 03:28 (UTC) ::::::The creator here spoke French, but the creation of this template predates the creation of [[w:fr:Modèle:Lang]] (which has since been renamed "Langue"). Meta-Wiki's and the English Wikipedia's are a couple of months older, but they don't match the formatting. [[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|diskisyon]]) 16 desanm 2024 à 20:07 (UTC) :::::::In this sense what do you think is the best solution according to you? We must correct it immediately and avoid the same thing in future articles. [[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:Kitanago|diskisyon]]) 16 desanm 2024 à 21:38 (UTC) ::::::::I replaced the template with the one from the English version ([[:en:template:Lang]]) although it will have an effect on the articles that use it, but I think it is better to use it instead ([[:fr:Modèle:en langue]]) <==> ht :([[modèl:Nan lang]]) to better respond. Here you have to scrupulously monitor the articles automatically translated from the French version. [[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:Kitanago|diskisyon]]) 17 desanm 2024 à 14:41 (UTC) :::::::::That sounds good. [[Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|WhatamIdoing]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:WhatamIdoing|diskisyon]]) 19 desanm 2024 à 21:21 (UTC) ::::::::::Great [[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:Kitanago|diskisyon]]) 20 desanm 2024 à 18:47 (UTC) == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-51 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Mars ocean theory]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:AncientMars.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Mars ocean theory''' states that nearly a third of the surface of Mars was covered by an ocean of liquid water early in the planet's geologic history. This primordial ocean, dubbed Paleo-Ocean or Oceanus Borealis (/oʊˈsiːənəs ˌbɒriˈælɪs/ oh-SEE-ə-nəs BORR-ee-AL-iss), would have filled the basin Vastitas Borealis in the northern hemisphere, a region that lies 4–5 km (2.5–3 miles) below the mean planetary elevation, at a time period of approximately 4.1–3.8 billion years ago. Evidence for this ocean includes geographic features resembling ancient shorelines, and the chemical properties of the Martian soil and atmosphere <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 16 desanm 2024 à 01:45 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27933909 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-52 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:2023 Slovenia floods]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Sava v Tacnu 4. avgusta ob 16h.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> In August 2023, major floods occurred in large part of Slovenia and neighbouring areas of Austria and Croatia due to heavy rain. Amongst others, the level of rivers Sava, Mur and Drava was exceptionally high. Several settlements and transport links in Slovene Littoral, Upper Carniola and Slovenian Carinthia were flooded. Due to the amount of rain, the streams in Idrija, Cerkno and Škofja Loka Hills overflowed. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> [[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 23 desanm 2024 à 02:55 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=27933909 --> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 in Your Country == [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless]] Dear Team, My name is Joris Darlington Quarshie (user: Joris Darlington Quarshie), and I am the Event Coordinator for the Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 (WLF) International campaign. Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 is a photographic competition aimed at highlighting folk culture worldwide. The annual international photography competition is held on Wikimedia Commons between the 1st of February and the 31st of March. This campaign invites photographers and enthusiasts of folk culture globally to showcase their local traditions, festivals, cultural practices, and other folk events by uploading photographs to Wikimedia Commons. As we celebrate the seventh anniversary of Wiki Loves Folklore, the international team is thrilled to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and organizations worldwide to host a local edition in their respective countries. This is an opportunity to bring more visibility to the folk culture of your region and contribute valuable content to the internet. * Please find the project page for this year’s edition at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2025 * To sign up and organize the event in your country, visit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2025/Organize If you wish to organize your local edition in either February or March instead of both months, feel free to let us know. In addition to the photographic competition, there will also be a Wikipedia writing competition called Feminism and Folklore, which focuses on topics related to feminism, women's issues, gender gaps, and folk culture on Wikipedia. We welcome your team to organize both the photo and writing campaigns or either one of them in your local Wiki edition. If you are unable to organize both campaigns, feel free to share this opportunity with other groups or organizations in your region that may be interested. * You can find the Feminism and Folklore project page here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025 * The page to sign up is: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025/Project_Page For any questions or to discuss further collaboration, feel free to contact us via the Talk page or email at support@wikilovesfolklore.org. If your team wishes to connect via a meeting to discuss this further, please let us know. We look forward to your participation in Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 and to seeing the incredible folk culture of your region represented on Wikimedia Commons. Sincerely, The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 08:50, 27 December 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-01 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Uganda Railways Corporation]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:de:Schienenverkehr in Uganda]])&#32;([[:no:Uganda Railways Corporation]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:9620 mit Güterzug.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Uganda Railways Corporation''' (URC) is the parastatal railway of Uganda. It was formed after the breakup of the East African Railways Corporation (EARC) in 1977 when it took over the Ugandan part of the East African railways. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> [[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 30 desanm 2024 à 02:37 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28019313 --> == Invitation to Organise Feminism and Folklore 2025 == == Invitation to Organise Feminism and Folklore 2025 == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"><em>{{int:please-translate}}</em></div> Dear {{PAGENAME}}, My name is [[User:SAgbley|Stella Agbley]], and I am the Event Coordinator for the Feminism and Folklore 2025 (FnF) International campaign. We're thrilled to announce the Feminism and Folklore 2025 writing competition, held in conjunction with Wiki Loves Folklore 2025! This initiative focuses on enriching Wikipedia with content related to feminism, women's issues, gender gaps, and folk culture. === Why Host the Competition? === * Empower voices: Provide a platform for discussions on feminism and its intersection with folk culture. * Enrich Wikipedia: Contribute valuable content to Wikipedia on underrepresented topics. * Raise awareness: Increase global understanding of these important issues. === Exciting Prizes Await! === We're delighted to acknowledge outstanding contributions with a range of prizes: **International Recognition:** * 1st Prize: $300 USD * 2nd Prize: $200 USD * 3rd Prize: $100 USD * Consolation Prizes (Top 10): $50 USD each **Local Recognition (Details Coming Soon!):** Each participating Wikipedia edition (out of 40+) will offer local prizes. Stay tuned for announcements! All prizes will be distributed in a convenient and accessible manner. Winners will receive major brand gift cards or vouchers equivalent to the prize value in their local currency. === Ready to Get Involved? === Learn more about Feminism and Folklore 2025: [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025 Feminism and Folklore 2025] Sign Up to Organize a Campaign: [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025/Project_Page Campaign Sign-Up Page] === Collaboration is Key! === Whether you choose to organize both photo and writing competitions (Wiki Loves Folklore and Feminism and Folklore) or just one, we encourage your participation. If hosting isn't feasible, please share this opportunity with interested groups in your region. === Let's Collaborate! === For questions or to discuss further collaboration, please contact us via the Talk page or email at support@wikilovesfolklore.org. We're happy to schedule a meeting to discuss details further. Together, let's celebrate women's voices and enrich Wikipedia with valuable content! Thank you, **Wiki Loves Folklore International Team** </div> </div> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) 23:02, 05 January 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> <!-- Message envoyé par User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-02 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Internment of Japanese Canadians]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Japanese road camp.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> From 1942 to 1949, Canada forcibly relocated and incarcerated over 22,000 Japanese Canadians—comprising over 90% of the total Japanese Canadian population—from British Columbia in the name of "national security". The majority were Canadian citizens by birth and were targeted based on their ancestry. This decision followed the events of the Japanese Empire's war in the Pacific against the Western Allies, such as the invasion of Hong Kong, the attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, and the Fall of Singapore which led to the Canadian declaration of war on Japan during World War II. Similar to the actions taken against Japanese Americans in neighbouring United States, this forced relocation subjected many Japanese Canadians to government-enforced curfews and interrogations, job and property losses, and forced repatriation to Japan <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 6 janvye 2025 à 03:56 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28070038 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-03 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Christmas seals]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:no:Julemerke]])&#32;([[:ru:Рождественская виньетка]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:1915 US Christmas Seal.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Christmas seals''' are adhesive labels that are similar in appearance to postage stamps that are sold then affixed to mail during the Christmas season to raise funds and awareness for charitable programs. Christmas seals have become particularly associated with lung diseases such as tuberculosis, and with child welfare in general. They were first issued in Denmark beginning in 1904, with Sweden and Iceland following with issues that same year. Thereafter the use of Christmas seals proved to be popular and spread quickly around the world, with 130 countries producing their own issues. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 13 janvye 2025 à 02:24 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28086717 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-04 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:2010 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:it:Scontri del Nagorno Karabakh del 2010]])&#32;([[:tr:2010 Dağlık Karabağ çatışmaları]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''2010 Nahorno karabakh war''' were a series of exchanges of gunfire that took place on February 18 on the line of contact dividing Azerbaijani and the Karabakh Armenian military forces. Azerbaijan accused the Armenian forces of firing on the Azerbaijani positions near Tap Qaraqoyunlu, Qızıloba, Qapanlı, Yusifcanlı and Cavahirli villages, as well as in uplands of Agdam Rayon with small arms fire including snipers. As a result, three Azerbaijani soldiers were killed and one wounded. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 20 janvye 2025 à 01:20 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28099770 --> == Thank you for being a medical contributors! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;" |rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|130px]] |style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" |'''The 2024 Cure Award''' |- | style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" |In 2024 you '''[[mdwiki:WikiProjectMed:WikiProject_Medicine/Stats/Top_medical_editors_2024_(all)|were one of the top medical editors in your language]]'''. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We really appreciate you and the vital work you do! Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|Consider joining for 2025]]''', there are no associated costs. Additionally one of our primary efforts revolves around translating health content. We invite you to '''[https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php try our new workflow]''' if you have not already. Our dashboard automatically [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php collects statistics] of your efforts and we are working on [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/fixwikirefs.php tools to automatically improve formating]. |} Thanks again :-) -- [[mdwiki:User:Doc_James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 26 janvye 2025 à 06:24 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message envoyé par User:Doc James@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Top_Other_Language_Editors_2024&oldid=28172893 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-05 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Jinnah's birthday]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Yorkstatue.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Jinnah's Birthday''', officially Quaid-e-Azam Day and sometimes known as Quaid Day, is a public holiday in Pakistan observed annually on 25 December to celebrate the birthday of the founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, known as Quaid-i-Azam ("Great Leader"). A major holiday, commemorations for Jinnah began during his lifetime in 1942, and have continued ever since. The event is primarily observed by the government and the citizens of the country where the national flag is hoisted at major architectural structures such as private and public buildings, particularly at the top of Quaid-e-Azam House in Karachi. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 27 janvye 2025 à 01:30 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28156501 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-06 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:French conquest of Corsica]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Bataille de Ponte Novu.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''French conquest of Corsica''' was a successful expedition by French forces of the Kingdom of France under Comte de Vaux, against Corsican forces under Pasquale Paoli of the Corsican Republic. The expedition was launched in May 1768, in the aftermath of the Seven Years' War. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 3 fevriye 2025 à 12:21 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28200320 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-07 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Assassination of Spencer Perceval]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:PercevalShooting.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> On 11 May 1812, at about 5:15 pm, Spencer Perceval, the prime minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, was shot dead in the lobby of the House of Commons by John Bellingham, a Liverpool merchant with a grievance against the government. Bellingham was detained; four days after the murder, he was tried, convicted and sentenced to death. He was hanged at Newgate Prison on 18 May, one week after the assassination and one month before the start of the War of 1812. Perceval remains the sole British prime minister to have been assassinated. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 10 fevriye 2025 à 02:18 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28200320 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-08 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:2010 Malagasy constitutional referendum]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A constitutional referendum was held in Madagascar on 17 November 2010, in which voters approved a proposal for the state's fourth Constitution. The Malagasy people were asked to answer "Yes" or "No" to the proposed new constitution, which was considered to help consolidate Andry Rajoelina's grip on power. At the time of the referendum, Rajoelina headed the governing Highest Transitional Authority (HAT), an interim junta established following the military-backed coup d'état against then President Marc Ravalomanana in March 2009. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 17 fevriye 2025 à 01:21 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28245290 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-09 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Cooler Heads Coalition]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:de:Cooler Heads Coalition]])&#32;([[:fr:Cooler Heads Coalition]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Cooler Heads Coalition''' is a politically conservative "informal and ad-hoc group" in the United States, financed and operated by the Competitive Enterprise Institute. The group, which rejects the scientific consensus on climate change, made efforts to stop the government from addressing climate change. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 24 fevriye 2025 à 02:23 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28300238 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-10 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:pt:Transmissor de Ondas]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:en:Wave Transmitter]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Esq eletr transm ondas color.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Transmissor de Ondas''' é um equipamento precursor do rádio, desenvolvido por Roberto Landell de Moura na década de 1890, capaz de transmitir áudio via ondas eletromagnéticas, com sua primeira demonstração pública documentada tendo ocorrido no dia 16 de julho de 1899. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 3 mas 2025 à 01:50 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28317097 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-11 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Smoky (mascotte olimpica)]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:en:Smoky (Olympic mascot)]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Smoky 1932 Olympic Village Mascot.webp|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Smoky''' (Los Angeles, 1931 o 1932 - Los Angeles, aprile 1934), occasionalmente scritto Smokey, è stato un cane che divenne la mascotte del villaggio olimpico estivo del 1932 e, successivamente, dell'evento generale. Pur non essendo oggi riconosciuto dal CIO, è stato, seppur non in modo ufficiale, la prima mascotte olimpica dei Giochi, oltre che a essere attualmente l'unica a essere stata un animale vero. Le successive edizioni non ebbero mascotte, dovendo aspettare i X Giochi olimpici invernali di Grenoble nel 1968 per ritrovarne una ufficialmente riconosciuta, lo sciatore stilizzato Schuss, allora non considerato ufficiale ma successivamente riconosciuto come tale. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 10 mas 2025 à 02:50 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28317097 --> == Join Us Today: Amplify Women’s Stories on Wikipedia! == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{center|''{{int:please-translate}}''}} Dear {{PAGENAME}}, {{quote|Join us this International Women’s Month to uncover hidden stories and reshape cultural narratives! Dive into an interactive workshop where we’ll illuminate gaps in folklore and women’s history on Wikipedia—and take action to ensure their legacies are written into history.}} Facilitated by '''Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight''', this workshop will explore how to identify and curate missing stories about women’s contributions to culture and heritage. Let’s work together to amplify voices that have been overlooked for far too long! == Event Details == * '''📅 Date''': Today (15 March 2025) * '''⏰ Time''': 4:00 PM UTC ([https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/converter.html Convert to your time zone]) * '''📍 Platform''': [https://us06web.zoom.us/j/87522074523?pwd=0EEz1jfr4i9d9Nvdm3ioTaFdRGZojJ.1 Zoom Link] * '''🔗 Session''': [[meta:Event:Feminism and Folklore International Campaign: Finding and Curating the Missing Gaps on Gender Disparities|Feminism and Folklore International Campaign: Finding and Curating the Missing Gaps on Gender Disparities]] * '''🆔 Meeting ID''': 860 8747 3266 * '''🔑 Passcode''': FNF@2025 == Participation == Whether you’re a seasoned editor or new to Wikipedia, this is your chance to contribute to a more inclusive historical record. ''Bring your curiosity and passion—we’ll provide the tools and guidance!'' '''Let’s make history ''her'' story too.''' See you there! Best regards,<br> '''Joris Quarshie'''<br> [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025 International Team]] <div style="margin-top:1em; text-align:center;"> Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]] [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|msg]]) 07:15, 24 March 2025 (UTC) </div> </div> <!-- Message envoyé par User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-12 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Amazonas, o maior rio do mundo]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:pt:Amazonas, o maior rio do mundo]])&#32;([[:es:Amazonas, o maior rio do mundo]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Frame A from Amazonas, o maior rio do mundo.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''Amazonas, o maior rio do mundo''''' (lit. 'Amazon: The Greatest River in the World') is a 1922 Brazilian silent documentary film produced in 1918 by Silvino Santos. It is a black-and-white film that portrays life in the Amazon rainforest. Completed in 1920, it is considered one of the oldest cinematic records of the Amazon. It was presumed lost in 1931 and only rediscovered in 2023 at the Czech Film Archive. Silvino Santos produced the work over three years using sophisticated cinematic techniques, which led it to be deemed of "immense artistic value" by Le Monde. It has also been described as the "Holy Grail of Brazilian silent cinema" by The Guardian. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 17 mas 2025 à 01:57 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28392163 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-13 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Ali of the Eretnids]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:tr:Alaaddin Ali Bey]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Ala al-Din Ali''' (January 1353 – August 1380) was the third Sultan of the Eretnids ruling from 1366 until his death. He inherited the throne at a very early age and was removed from administrative matters. He was characterized as particularly keen on personal pleasures, which later discredited his authority. During his rule, emirs under the Eretnids enjoyed considerable autonomy, and the state continued to shrink as neighboring powers captured several towns. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 24 mas 2025 à 01:59 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28433698 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-14 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Chilembwe uprising]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Chilembwe supporters being led to be executed (cropped).jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Chilembwe uprising''' was a rebellion against British colonial rule in Nyasaland (modern-day Malawi) which took place in January 1915. It was led by John Chilembwe, an American-educated Baptist minister. Based around his church in the village of Mbombwe in the south-east of the colony, the leaders of the revolt were mainly from an emerging black middle class. They were motivated by grievances against the British colonial system, which included forced labour, racial discrimination and new demands imposed on the African population following the outbreak of World War I. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 31 mas 2025 à 03:52 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28454663 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-15 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:1930 Bago earthquake]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:my:၁၉၃၀ ပဲခူးငလျင်]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Thiao Mueang Phama (1955, p. 165).jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> An earthquake affected Myanmar on 5 May 1930 with a moment magnitude (Mw ) 7.4. The shock occurred 35 km (22 mi) beneath the surface with a maximum Rossi–Forel intensity of IX (Devastating tremor). The earthquake was the result of rupture along a 131 km (81 mi) segment of the Sagaing Fault—a major strike-slip fault that runs through the country. Extensive damage was reported in the southern part of the country, particularly in Bago and Yangon, where buildings collapsed and fires erupted. At least 550, and possibly up to 7,000 people were killed. A moderate tsunami struck the Burmese coast which caused minor damage to ships and a port. It was felt for over 570,000 km2 (220,000 sq mi) and as far as Shan State and Thailand. The mainshock was followed by many aftershocks; several were damaging. The December earthquake was similarly sized which also occurred along the Sagaing Fault. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 7 avril 2025 à 01:54 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28454663 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-16 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Museum of Zoology of the University of São Paulo]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:pt:Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Museu de Zoologia da USP 02.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Museum of Zoology of the University of São Paulo''' (Portuguese: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, abbreviated MZUSP) is a public natural history museum located in the historic Ipiranga district of São Paulo, Brazil. The MZUSP is an educational and research institution that is part of the University of São Paulo. The museum began at the end of the 19th century as part of the Museu Paulista; in 1941, it moved into a dedicated building. In 1969 the museum became a part of the University of São Paulo, receiving its current name. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 14 avril 2025 à 02:27 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28454663 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-17 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Fear of crime]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:ar:الخوف من الجريمة]])&#32;([[:it:Criminofobia]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Fear of crime''' refers to the fear of being a victim of crime, which is not necessarily reflective of the actual probability of being such a victim. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 21 avril 2025 à 02:24 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28559524 --> == Invitation: Gendering the Archive - Building Inclusive Folklore Repositories (April 30th) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{center|''{{int:please-translate}}''}} Dear {{PAGENAME}}, You are invited to a hands-on session focused on [[meta:Gendering the Archive: Building Inclusive Repositories for Folklore Documentation|Gendering the Archive: Building Inclusive Repositories for Folklore Documentation]]. This online workshop will guide participants on how to create, edit, and expand gender-inclusive folklore articles and multimedia archives on Wikipedia and Wikidata. The session will be led by Rebecca Jeannette Nyinawumuntu. === Objectives === * '''Design Inclusive Repositories:''' Learn best practices for structuring folklore archives that foreground gender perspectives. * '''Hands-On Editing:''' Practice creating and improving articles and items on Wikipedia and Wikidata with a gender-inclusive lens. * '''Collaborative Mapping:''' Work in small groups to plan new entries and multimedia uploads that document underrepresented voices. * '''Advocacy & Outreach:''' Discuss strategies to promote and sustain these repositories within your local and online communities. === Details === * '''Date:''' 30th April 2025 * '''Day:''' Wednesday * '''Time:''' 16:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746028800 Check your local time zone]) * '''Venue:''' Online (Zoom) * '''Speaker:''' Rebecca Jeannette Nyinawumuntu (Co-founder, Wikimedia Rwanda & Community Engagement Director) === How to Join === * '''Zoom Link:''' [https://us06web.zoom.us/j/89158738825?pwd=ezEgXbAqwq9KEr499DvJxSzZyXSVQX Join here] * '''Meeting ID:''' 891 5873 8825 * '''Passcode:''' FNF@2025 * '''Add to Calendar:''' [https://zoom.us/meeting/tZ0scuGvrTMiGNH4I3T7EEQmhuFJkuCHL7Ci/ics?meetingMasterEventId=Xv247OBKRMWeJJ9LSbX2hA Add to your calendar] '''' === Agenda === # Welcome & Introductions: Opening remarks and participant roll-call. # Presentation: Overview of gender-inclusive principles and examples of folklore archives. # Hands-On Workshop: Step-by-step editing on Wikipedia and Wikidata—create or expand entries. # Group Brainstorm: Plan future repository items in breakout groups. # Q&A & Discussion: Share challenges, solutions, and next steps. # Closing Remarks: Summarise key takeaways and outline follow-up actions. We look forward to seeing you there! Best regards,<br> Stella<br> Feminism and Folklore Organiser -[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 10:28, 24 April 2025 (UTC) </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message envoyé par User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=28399508 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-18 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Heritage preservation in South Korea]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Korean.Dance-03.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The heritage preservation system of South Korea is a multi-level program aiming to preserve and cultivate Korean cultural heritage. The program is administered by the Cultural Heritage Administration (CHA), and the legal framework is provided by the Cultural Heritage Protection Act of 1962, last updated in 2012. The program started in 1962 and has gradually been extended and upgraded since then. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 28 avril 2025 à 00:57 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28583422 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-19 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Lhamana]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:We-Wa, a Zuni berdache, weaving - NARA - 523796 (cropped).jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Lhamana''', in traditional Zuni culture, are biologically male people who take on the social and ceremonial roles usually performed by women in their culture, at least some of the time. They wear a mixture of women's and men's clothing and much of their work is in the areas usually occupied by Zuni women. Some contemporary lhamana participate in the pan-Indian two-spirit community. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 5 me 2025 à 07:29 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28583422 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-20 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Gruppo del Sileno]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Parco3.JPG|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Sileno ed Egle con Mnasilo e Cromi''', meglio noto come Gruppo del Sileno, è un monumento in marmo di Carrara, realizzato da Jean-Baptiste Boudard nel 1765 per il Giardino Ducale di Parma; sostituito nel 1991 con una copia in polvere di marmo e resina, l'originale si trova provvisoriamente nel chiostro della Fontana del monastero di San Paolo, in attesa della definitiva collocazione prevista all'interno del palazzetto Eucherio Sanvitale nel parco Ducale. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 12 me 2025 à 02:28 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28709947 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-21 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Lorrin A. Thurston]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:fi:Lorrin Thurston]])&#32;([[:ko:로린 A. 서스턴]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Lorrinandrewsthurston1892.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Lorrin Andrews Thurston''' (July 31, 1858 – May 11, 1931) was a Hawaiian citizen lawyer, politician, and businessman. Thurston played a prominent role in the revolution that overthrew the Hawaiian Kingdom to replace Queen Liliʻuokalani with the Republic of Hawaii, with discreet US support for which Congress much later apologized. He published the Pacific Commercial Advertiser (a forerunner of the present-day Honolulu Star-Advertiser), and owned other enterprises. From 1906 to 1916, he and his network lobbied with national politicians to create a national park to preserve the Hawaiian volcanoes. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 19 me 2025 à 02:33 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28731710 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-22 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Lamiera bugnata]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:en:Tread plate]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Diamond Plate.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> Una '''lamiera bugnata''' o mandorlata è una lamiera di metallo ottenuta dalla laminazione di una bramma attraverso rulli che, tramite punzonatura o goffratura, imprimono sulla lamina rilievi a forma di rombo o ellisse, detti bugne. Nel caso questi rilievi siano alternati singolarmente nei due assi, si parla di lamiera diamantata, mentre se le forme sono predisposte in maniera parallela per formare piccoli quadranti tra di loro tangenti, questo pattern viene identificato con il nome di mandorlato. We tend to ignore the fact that this type of plate is the only reason we don't slip when we walk on steel and wet or frozen surfaces. The Italian article it's short but quite complete, and has just the right amount of citations, unlike other poor languages' versions. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 26 me 2025 à 06:04 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28751788 --> == Kanada == Bonjou, Nan paj [[Kanada]], mwen te wè ou te modifye infobox la avèk youn Wikipedya fransè. Tradiksyon an infobox sa a pa komplete, ou vle tradui li oubyen mwen ka fè sa mwen mèm ? (Petèt fen semèn sa a) [[Itilizatè:HalikhSovar78|HalikhSovar78]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:HalikhSovar78|diskisyon]]) 1 jen 2025 à 16:15 (UTC) == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-23 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Angelo azzurro (cocktail)]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Ángel azul (cóctel)]])&#32;([[:fr:Ange bleu (cocktail)]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Angelo Azzurro Cocktail.png|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> L''''angelo azzurro''' è un cocktail alcolico italiano. È considerato uno dei cocktail più popolari in Italia negli anni novanta, insieme al B-52 e all'Invisibile. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 2 jen 2025 à 05:39 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-24 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:fi:Kotiryssä]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:en:Kotiryssä]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''kotiryssä''' (jocular Finnish: one’s home Russky or home Russian) was a Soviet or Russian contact person of a Finnish politician, bureaucrat, businessman or other important person. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 9 jen 2025 à 02:33 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-25 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Future self]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:pl:Przyszła jaźń]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> In the psychology of self, the '''future self''' concerns the processes and consequences associated with thinking about oneself in the future. People think about their future selves similarly to how they think about other people. The extent to which people feel psychologically connected (e.g., similarity, closeness) to their future self influences how well they treat their future self. When people feel connected to their future self, they are more likely to save for retirement, make healthy decisions, and avoid ethical transgressions. Interventions that increase feelings of connectedness with future selves can improve future-oriented decision making across these domains. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 16 jen 2025 à 02:18 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == You're invited: Feminism and Folklore Advocacy Session – June 20! == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> Hello {{PAGENAME}} [[File:Feminism and Folklore logo.svg | right | frameless]] We are pleased to invite you to an inspiring session in the Feminism and Folklore International Campaign Advocacy Series titled: 🎙️ Documenting Indigenous Women’s Wisdom: The Role of Grandmothers and Elders<br> 🗓 Friday, June 20, 2025<br> ⏰ 4:00 PM UTC<br> 🌍 Online – [https://us06web.zoom.us/j/86470824823?pwd=s7ruwuxrradtJNcZLVT9EyClb8g7ho.1 Zoom link]<br> 👤 Facilitator: Obiageli Ezeilo (Wiki for Senior Citizens Network)<br> Join us as we explore how the oral teachings of grandmothers and elders preserve cultural heritage and influence today’s feminist movements. Learn how to document these narratives using Wikimedia platforms! 🔗 Event Page & Details: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Event:Documenting_Indigenous_Women%E2%80%99s_Wisdom:_The_Role_of_Grandmothers_and_Elders This session includes:<br> ✔️ A keynote presentation<br> ✔️ Story-sharing interactive segment<br> ✔️ Q&A + tools for documenting women’s wisdom on Wikimedia<br> We hope to see you there! Warm regards,<br> Stella<br> On behalf of Feminism and Folklore Team<br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 23:49, 17 June 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message envoyé par User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=28399508 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-26 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Pictorial map]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:fa:نقشه تصویری]])&#32;([[:ja:絵地図]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Blake Britain Spearhead of Attack.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Pictorial maps''' (also known as illustrated maps, panoramic maps, perspective maps, bird's-eye view maps, and geopictorial maps) depict a given territory with a more artistic rather than technical style. It is a type of map in contrast to road map, atlas, or topographic map. The cartography can be a sophisticated 3-D perspective landscape or a simple map graphic enlivened with illustrations of buildings, people and animals. They can feature all sorts of varied topics like historical events, legendary figures or local agricultural products and cover anything from an entire continent to a college campus. Drawn by specialized artists and illustrators, pictorial maps are a rich, centuries-old tradition and a diverse art form that ranges from cartoon maps on restaurant placemats to treasured art prints in museums. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 23 jen 2025 à 01:18 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-27 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Queen Elizabeth University Hospital]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:QEUH.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Queen Elizabeth University Hospital''' (QEUH) is a 1,677-bed acute hospital located in Govan, in the south-west of Glasgow, Scotland. The hospital is built on the site of the former Southern General Hospital and opened at the end of April 2015. The hospital comprises a 1,109-bed adult hospital, a 256-bed children's hospital and two major Emergency Departments; one for adults and one for children. There is also an Immediate Assessment Unit for local GPs and out-of-hours services, to send patients directly, without having to be processed through the Emergency Department. The retained buildings from the former Southern General Hospital include the Maternity Unit, the Institute of Neurological Sciences, the Langlands Unit for medicine of the elderly and the laboratory. The whole facility is operated by NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, and is one of the largest acute hospital campuses in Europe. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 30 jen 2025 à 02:05 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-28 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Non-constituency Member of Parliament]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''Non-constituency Member of Parliament''' (NCMP) is a member of an opposition political party in Singapore who, as stipulated in Article 39 of the Constitution and the Parliamentary Elections Act, is declared to have been elected a Member of Parliament (MP) without constituency representation, despite having lost in a general election, by virtue of having been one of the opposition candidates with the highest vote shares among the unelected. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 7 jiyè 2025 à 02:10 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-29 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Immunolabeling]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Immunolabeling process image.png|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Immunolabeling''' is a biochemical process that enables the detection and localization of an antigen to a particular site within a cell, tissue, or organ. Antigens are organic molecules, usually proteins, capable of binding to an antibody. These antigens can be visualized using a combination of antigen-specific antibody as well as a means of detection, called a tag, that is covalently linked to the antibody <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> ---[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 14 jiyè 2025 à 13:44 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28945528 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-30 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Vespa analis]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Plumpy hornet on the ground - 1.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''Vespa analis''''', the yellow-vented hornet, is a species of common hornet found in Southeast Asia <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 21 jiyè 2025 à 01:28 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28984647 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-31 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:pt:Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Baía dos Porcos - Fernando de Noronha (32811749914).jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park''' (Portuguese: Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha) is a national park in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 28 jiyè 2025 à 01:40 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29047614 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-32 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Xie Zhiliu]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Xie Zhiliu''' (Chinese: 谢稚柳; 1910–1997) was a leading traditional painter, calligrapher, and art connoisseur of modern China. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 4 out 2025 à 01:21 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29077280 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-33 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Lethocerus patruelis]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Lethocerus patruelis.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''Lethocerus patruelis''''' is a giant water bug in the family Belostomatidae. It is native to southeastern Europe, through Southwest Asia, to Pakistan, India and Burma. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 11 out 2025 à 02:20 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29085671 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-34 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Ikiza]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:CIA map of Burundi and surrounding countries during 1972 killings.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Ikiza''' (variously translated from Kirundi as the Catastrophe, the Great Calamity, and the Scourge), or the Ubwicanyi (Killings), was a series of mass killings—often characterised as a genocide—which were committed in Burundi in 1972 by the Tutsi-dominated army and government, primarily against educated and elite Hutus who lived in the country. Conservative estimates place the death toll of the event between 100,000 and 150,000 killed, while some estimates of the death toll go as high as 300,000. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 18 out 2025 à 02:43 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29115447 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-35 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Corallite]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Recent azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) - ZooKeys-227-001-g004.jpeg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''corallite''' is the skeletal cup, formed by an individual stony coral polyp, in which the polyp sits and into which it can retract. The cup is composed of aragonite, a crystalline form of calcium carbonate, and is secreted by the polyp. Corallites vary in size, but in most colonial corals they are less than 3 mm (0.12 in) in diameter. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 25 out 2025 à 02:18 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29115447 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-36 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Diksam Plateau]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Dixam plateau (6407168437).jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Diksam Plateau''' or Dixam Plateau (Arabic: دكسم) is a limestone plateau in Socotra, Yemen. The Firmihin forest, located east of the Dirhur canyon within the plateau, has the highest concentration of Dragon's Blood Trees on the entire island. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 1 septanm 2025 à 02:40 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29195081 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-37 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Ttongsul]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:ja:トンスル]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Ttongsul (imitation).jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> Il '''ttongsul''' (똥술), o vino di feci, è una tradizionale preparazione medicinale coreana con gradazione alcolica al 9% a base di feci, solitamente umane e preferibilmente di bambino. Nato probabilmente traendo spunto dalla medicina tradizionale cinese, nelle credenze popolari il vino di feci avrebbe proprietà benefiche per molti tipi di malesseri: sarebbe un rimedio per dolori muscolari, ustioni, infiammazioni, epilessia e fratture ossee. Sebbene alcuni media occidentali abbiano in passato riportato che questa bevanda sia diffusa tra la popolazione coreana, al giorno d'oggi un numero molto limitato di persone ne fa uso, dopo aver subito un declino di popolarità nei secoli scorsi, tanto che la maggioranza dei giovani coreani non ne ha mai sentito parlare. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 8 septanm 2025 à 02:28 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29195081 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-38 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Pak Kum-chol]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Pak Kum-chol in 1961 (cropped).jpg|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Pak Kum-chol''' was a North Korean politician. Having been a guerrilla during the anti-Japanese struggle, he became a high-ranking politician after the liberation of Korea. Pak aligned himself with his former guerrilla brothers in arms from the Kapsan Operation Committee to form a faction within the ruling Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) called the "Kapsan faction". This faction sought to replace Kim Il Sung with Pak. Kim retaliated by purging the faction in 1967 in what is known as the Kapsan faction incident. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 15 septanm 2025 à 02:18 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29249252 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-39 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Federation of Central America (1921–1922)]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Federación de Centro América (1921-1922)]])&#32;([[:ar:اتحاد أمريكا الوسطى (1921-1922)]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Central America's Northern Triangle (orthographic projection).png|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Federation of Central America''' (Spanish: Federación de Centro América)[1] was a short-lived federal republic that existed in Central America between 1921 and 1922. The federation consisted of the Central American nations of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 22 septanm 2025 à 02:45 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29311347 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-40 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Palazzo delle Poste (Latina)]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Postelittoria2.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> Il '''Palazzo delle Poste''', fino al 1945 Ricevitoria Postelegrafonica di Littoria, è un edificio postale di Latina, situato in piazzale dei Bonificatori. Costruito nel 1932 in stile razionalista con influenze futuriste, riscontrabili nell'utilizzo di ampie superfici vetrate e di volumi verticali, oltre che per la presenza di l’utilizzo di materiali e scelte di design molto in voga all'epoca come, come i mattoni a vista, il travertino di Tivoli e l'Anticorodal (una lega di alluminio), ospita l'ufficio postale Latina Centro. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 29 septanm 2025 à 00:58 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29341788 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-41 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Majed Abu Maraheel]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Majed Abu Maraheel''' was a Palestinian long-distance runner, football player, security officer, and athletics coach, who was the first Palestinian to compete at the Olympic Games. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 6 oktòb 2025 à 12:48 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29341788 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-42 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Abortion in Eritrea]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> In Eritrea, abortion is banned except on the grounds of pregnancy from rape or incest, pregnancy of a minor, or risk to physical or mental health. Legal abortions require medical or judicial approval. Prior to Eritrea's independence, it applied Ethiopia's abortion law of the 1950s, which banned abortion unless life-saving. After independence, the 1991 penal code adapted this law to lift punishments on abortions on the grounds of rape, incest, or risk to life or health, but legal abortions did not exist in effect. The penal codes of 2001 and 2015 required physicians to prove health grounds for abortion. Unsafe abortion is common and contributes to maternal mortality in Eritrea. Post-abortion care is unavailable in some regions. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 13 oktòb 2025 à 01:06 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29341788 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-43 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Liberation of Auschwitz concentration camp]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Auschwitz Liberated January 1945.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> On 27 January 1945, Auschwitz—a Nazi concentration camp and extermination camp in occupied Poland where more than a million people were murdered as part of the Nazis' "Final Solution" to the Jewish question—was liberated by the Soviet Red Army during the Vistula–Oder Offensive. Although most of the prisoners had been forced onto a death march, about 7,000 had been left behind. The Soviet soldiers attempted to help the survivors and were shocked at the scale of Nazi crimes. The date is recognized as International Holocaust Remembrance Day. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 20 oktòb 2025 à 02:04 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29452019 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-44 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Black Diaries]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Black Diaries''' are diaries purported to have been written by the Irish revolutionary Roger Casement, which contained accounts of homosexual liaisons with young men. They cover the years 1903, 1910 and 1911 (two) and were handed in to Scotland Yard after his capture in April 1916. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 27 oktòb 2025 à 02:51 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29487357 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-45 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Consolations (Liszt)]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Franz Liszt - Consolation No. 3, Lento placido.ogg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Consolations''', S. 171a/172 (German: Tröstungen) are a set of six solo piano works by Franz Liszt. The compositions take the musical style of nocturnes with each having its own distinctive style. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 3 novanm 2025 à 01:52 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29558323 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-46 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Marine coastal ecosystem]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Vegetation and fauna processes controlling benthic biogeochemical fluxes.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''marine coastal ecosystem''' is a marine ecosystem which occurs where the land meets the ocean. Worldwide there is about 620,000 kilometres (390,000 mi) of coastline. Coastal habitats extend to the margins of the continental shelves, occupying about 7 percent of the ocean surface area. Marine coastal ecosystems include many very different types of marine habitats, each with their own characteristics and species composition. They are characterized by high levels of biodiversity and productivity. For example, estuaries are areas where freshwater rivers meet the saltwater of the ocean, creating an environment that is home to a wide variety of species, including fish, shellfish, and birds. Salt marshes are coastal wetlands which thrive on low-energy shorelines in temperate and high-latitude areas, populated with salt-tolerant plants such as cordgrass and marsh elder that provide important nursery areas for many species of fish and shellfish. Mangrove forests survive in the intertidal zones of tropical or subtropical coasts, populated by salt-tolerant trees that protect habitat for many marine species, including crabs, shrimp, and fish. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 10 novanm 2025 à 01:54 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29584005 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-47 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Elephant communication]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Three elephant's curly kisses.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Elephants communicate''' via touching, visual displays, vocalisations, seismic vibrations, and semiochemicals. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 17 novanm 2025 à 02:24 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29627457 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-48 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Animal-made art]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Painting Queen 1024x768.png|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Animal-made art''' consists of works by non-human animals, that have been considered by humans to be artistic, including visual works, music, photography, and videography. Some of these are created naturally by animals, often as courtship displays, while others are created with human involvement. There have been debates about the copyright status of these works, with the United States Copyright Office stating in 2014 that works that lack human authorship cannot have their copyright registered at the US Copyright Office. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 24 novanm 2025 à 02:13 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29627457 --> Bonjou Kitanago Mwen ekri w jis pou w sa banm yon ti limyè Pou kisa apre konkou wiki kreyolo yo, pa g on kote Ki montre ganyan yo ak prim ke yo resevwa an? == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-49 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Halachic state]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The term "'''halachic state'''" (Hebrew: מְדִינַת הֲלָכָה‎ Medīnat Hălāḵā) refers to a sovereign state that endorses Judaism in an official capacity and governs by Jewish religious law. It has been a subject of discussion among Orthodox Jews, particularly with regard to modern Israel, which, although a Jewish state, is not classified as a theocracy. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 1 desanm 2025 à 08:01 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29719355 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-50 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:ru:Сто лошадей]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:en:One Hundred Horses]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:A_Hundred_Steeds.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''One Hundred Horses''''' (Chinese: 百駿圖) is a Qing dynasty silk and ink painting by Giuseppe Castiglione. It was painted in 1728 for the Yongzheng emperor. The painting depicts a hundred horses in a variety of poses and activities, combining Western realism with traditional Chinese composition and brushwork. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 8 desanm 2025 à 02:29 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29719355 --> == Invitation to Organise Feminism and Folklore 2026 == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"><em>{{int:please-translate}}</em></div> Dear {{PAGENAME}}, Hope you’re doing well. I’m reaching out with some exciting updates about '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]'''. Thanks to the amazing support from organizers like you, the campaign has grown into one of the biggest and most collaborative initiatives in the entire Wikimedia movement. Your efforts have played a huge part in that, and we’re truly grateful. We’re hoping to make the 2026 edition even larger and even more community-driven. We’d be very happy to have you join again as an organizer. The sign-up process is simple this year: #Create your local event page (you can copy from the [[:m:Feminism_and_Folklore/Sample|sample]]) #Set up your Fountain or [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/campwiz/ CampWiz] campaign. #Add your campaign link to the 2026 '''[[:m:Feminism_and_Folklore_2026/Project_Page|registration list]]''' The focus of the campaign remains the same - creating or expanding Wikipedia content on feminism, women’s issues, gender topics, and diverse folk traditions from around the world. International and local prizes will continue as before. '''Special Prize for 2026:''' Every participant will receive a Wikipedia 25 digital postcard as a token of appreciation for contributing to the global movement during Wikipedia’s 25th anniversary year. This will be sent to all contributors who take part in the campaign. We’re also adding an optional one-time internet and childcare support for organizers who may need extra assistance to carry out their local campaign. This is entirely optional and meant to help those who might otherwise face challenges in organizing. More details will be shared soon. If you’re unable to organize this year, no worries at all - please feel free to share the invitation with others in your community who might be interested. If you have any questions or would like to discuss plans, you can reach us on the [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026|talk page]] or by email. Looking forward to collaborating again, '''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 12 desanm 2025 à 18:18 (UTC) </div></div> <!-- Message envoyé par User:Tiven2240@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf25&oldid=29792058 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-51 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:First Universal Races Congress]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:fr:Premier Congrès universel des races]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Universal Races Congress seated outside the entrance to the Imperial Institute, London, 1911.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''First Universal Races Congress''' met in 1911 for four days at the University of London as an early effort at anti-racism. Speakers from a number of countries discussed race relations and how to improve them. The congress, with 2,100 attendees, was organised by prominent humanists of that era. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 15 desanm 2025 à 01:56 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29779168 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-52 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Pin Malakul]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Pin Malakul, January 1922.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Pin Malakul''' (24 October 1903 – 5 October 1995) was a Thai professor, educator and writer. His contributions to education in Thailand include the establishment of various institutions of higher education, the introduction of fixed class schedules, and the implementation of teacher-training programmes. In his career he served as Director-General of the Department of General Education, later becoming Permanent Secretary, and Minister, of Education. He was also a member of the executive board of UNESCO. His writings earned him the title of National Artist in 1987, and the 100th anniversary of his birth was celebrated by the UNESCO in 2003 as recognition of his contribution to the advancement of education in Thailand and Southeast Asia. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> -[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 22 desanm 2025 à 02:26 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29802495 --> == Atik == Men mwen pral montre w atik sa a: <nowiki>https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZephyrMusic</nowiki> Sa a se yon mizisyen franse ki pa byen koni, li pa gen notoryete pou l gen yon atik sou Wikipedya. Li kreye plizyè kont pou l pale de tèt li. Atik sa a li menm te kreye l epi li gen anpil enfòmasyon trivial sou li, sa ki fè l fè pwomosyon pou tèt li isit la. Pèsonn pa konnen enfòmasyon sa yo sou li eksepte tèt li. Li se yon sockpuppet ki te deja pini anvan e menm yo te bloke kont li, men li kreye plizyè kont kòmsi li te yon sockpuppet pou l evite pinisyon. [[Espesyal:Kontribisyon/&#126;2025-42618-52|&#126;2025-42618-52]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:&#126;2025-42618-52|discussion]]) 23 desanm 2025 à 13:23 (UTC) :The user of the request above is using one of Amy Ivy's temporary accounts. This user is blocked on most other versions of Wikipedia for vandalism and spam, and they're doing it again; it's all they do all day. They enjoy destroying articles with small accounts and a large number of temporary ones. Look at Amy Ivy's main account to see for yourself. [[Espesyal:Kontribisyon/&#126;2025-42722-69|&#126;2025-42722-69]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:&#126;2025-42722-69|discussion]]) 24 desanm 2025 à 14:14 (UTC) ::Hello @[[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]], this article has now been improved and sources have been added. [[Espesyal:Kontribisyon/&#126;2025-43035-10|&#126;2025-43035-10]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:&#126;2025-43035-10|discussion]]) 26 desanm 2025 à 03:55 (UTC) == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-01 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:The Morning of the Magicians]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Le Matin des magiciens, couverture.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''The Morning of the Magicians: Introduction to Fantastic Realism''''' (French: Le Matin des magiciens: Introduction au réalisme fantastique) is a 1960 book by the journalists Louis Pauwels and Jacques Bergier. It covers topics like cryptohistory, ufology, occultism in Nazism, alchemy, spiritual philosophy. The second half of the book is entirely dedicated to the Nazi-Occult connections; the book is widely credited with the proliferation of numerous myths related to occultism in Nazism. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 29 desanm 2025 à 02:20 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29802495 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-02 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Somaliland War of Independence]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Somaliland, fighters of the Somali National Movement (SNM), 1980s.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Somaliland War of Independence''' was a rebellion waged by the Somali National Movement (SNM) against the ruling military junta in Somalia led by General Siad Barre lasting from its founding on 6 April 1981 and ended on 18 May 1991 when the SNM declared what was then northern Somalia independent as the Republic of Somaliland. The conflict served as the main theater of the larger Somali Rebellion that started in 1978. The conflict was in response to the harsh policies enacted by the Barre regime against the main clan family in Somaliland, the Isaaq, including a declaration of economic warfare on the clan-family. These harsh policies were put into effect shortly after the conclusion of the disastrous Ogaden War in 1978. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 5 janvye 2026 à 03:00 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29871911 --> == Atik == Gade atik nèg sa a; li pa satisfè kondisyon notoryete yo. Mizisyen sa a pa popilè, men l ap eseye ak tout pri pou l jwenn yon atik Wikipedya. Li deja kreye plizyè kont pou l pale de tèt li isit la. Se yon moun sòt; li ekri atik yo sou tèt li. Donk m ap mande w, kijan yon nèg konsa moun pa konnen ka gen tout enfòmasyon sa yo isit la? Menm bagay pèsonèl li yo nan atik sa a; li menm li ekri l, pa vre? San mansyone nouvèl sa yo, ki te piblikasyon peye oswa ki te ekri sou lòd li pou fè pwomosyon pou tèt li. Se yon moun ki anvi atansyon ak validasyon, men Wikipedya gen kritè pa l, epi li pa satisfè yo. Analize l epi efase l. →<nowiki>[https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZephyrMusic]</nowiki> [[Espesyal:Kontribisyon/&#126;2026-11261-6|&#126;2026-11261-6]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:&#126;2026-11261-6|discussion]]) 6 janvye 2026 à 14:07 (UTC) :Bypassing [[metawiki:Special:CentralAuth/AmyIvy|AmyIvy]]<nowiki> user block through multiple temporary accounts + continuous spam and vandalism despite the warnings and blockages ~~~~</nowiki> [[Espesyal:Kontribisyon/&#126;2026-11577-7|&#126;2026-11577-7]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:&#126;2026-11577-7|discussion]]) 6 janvye 2026 à 14:28 (UTC) == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-03 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Pietro Lauro]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:en:Pietro Lauro]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Master I.A.V.F., Pietro Lauro, born 1508, Modenese Poet and Scholar (obverse), 1555, NGA 45072.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Pietro Lauro''', conosciuto anche come Pietro Lauro Modonese o Pietro Lauro da Modona (Modena o dintorni, 1510 circa – Venezia, 1568 circa) è stato un traduttore, scrittore e divulgatore scientifico italiano. Nonostante non si conosca gran parte della sua biografia, fu uno dei poligrafi italiani più conosciuti del Cinquecento. La sua produzione raccoglie traduzioni dal latino, dal greco e dallo spagnolo e riguardano opere di autori classici, stranieri e protestanti. Lauro si dimostrò abile nel trattare testi con temi molto diversi, come la filosofia, l'architettura, la medicina, il giardinaggio, l'agronomia, le scienze biologiche, la storia, la teologia e l'astronomia. Si cimentò anche nella scrittura di un poema cavalleresco sullo stile di quelli spagnoli, il Polendo, sua magnum opus in questo senso. Aderente alla Riforma protestante, sebbene le sue trasposizioni siano state oggetto di critiche già degli autori a lui contemporanei, che le giudicarono troppo letterali, rozze e imparziali, a Lauro si deve il merito di aver ultimato la traduzione in lingua volgare di numerosi testi sia classici, sia scientifici, sia epistolari. I suoi lavori ebbero una notevole diffusione, non solo tra i letterati veneziani della sua epoca, ma in tutta Italia, tanto che alcune sue traduzioni vengono ancora oggi ristampate in nuove edizioni. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 12 janvye 2026 à 01:45 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29894468 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge; padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="padding: 1em 2em;"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear {{BASEPAGENAME}}, We are pleased to invite you to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and women. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support *For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. * Join the office hours on 23 January 2026 and connect with the international Team. ([[:m:Event:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 Office Hours|sign up now]]) If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp;[[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 18 janvye 2026 à 16:31 (UTC) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Tiven2240@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf25&oldid=29949330 --> == Vandalis twòp sou yon peryòd tan ki long == Bonjou @[[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]], yon itilizatè ki bloke pou abi kont ak vandalis ap itilize plizyè kont tanporè pou kontourne bloke a epi vandalize ansiklopedi a. Yo regilyèman vize menm atik la, retire paragraf ak sous nan medya serye menm apre yo fin etabli lejitimite atik la. Li ta pi bon pou pran aksyon kont plizyè kont tanporè pwoblèmatik sa yo oswa pou pwoteje paj la. Mèsi. [[Espesyal:Kontribisyon/&#126;2026-38626-5|&#126;2026-38626-5]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:&#126;2026-38626-5|discussion]]) 18 janvye 2026 à 22:51 (UTC) :Bonjou @[[Itilizatè:Kitanago|Kitanago]], moun ki kache dèyè kont tanporè yo pou vandalize a frape ankò. Piske yo pa gen anyen pi bon pou yo fè ak lavi yo, ou ta dwe pran mezi pou anpeche yo kontinye deranje Wikipedya. [[Espesyal:Kontribisyon/&#126;2026-51934-9|&#126;2026-51934-9]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:&#126;2026-51934-9|discussion]]) 24 janvye 2026 à 11:30 (UTC) == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-04 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Volto di Palazzo Vecchio]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Piazza della signoria angolo via della ninna, palazzo vecchio, cantonata con testa scolpita 02.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> Il '''volto di Palazzo Vecchio''' (conosciuto anche come L'importuno o L'inopportuno) è un incisione su pietraforte attibuita a Michelangelo Buonarroti, scolpita in una delle pietre di Palazzo Vecchio a Firenze. Secondo le varie leggende, il profilo sarebbe stato realizzato come graffito dall'artista toscano, con soggetto un suo importunatore, un debitore, un condannato a morte o se stesso. Nel 2020, gli studiosi hanno ipotizzato possa invece trattarsi di un ritratto di Francesco Granacci, pittore amico di Michelangelo. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 19 janvye 2026 à 02:14 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29945240 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-05 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Raffaello Kobayashi]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:en:Raffaello Kobayashi]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Raffaello Kobayashi''', nato Raffaele Sanzio (Bari, 14 gennaio 1917 – Yokohama, 1 aprile 2011), è stato un militare italiano naturalizzato giapponese. Sommergibilista durante la Seconda guerra mondiale, prestò servizio per tutte e tre le principali Potenze dell'Asse: Regno d'Italia, Germania nazista e Impero giapponese. Alla fine della guerra si nascose in Giappone per evitare di subire l'internamento in un campo di prigionia, divenendo poi cittadino nipponico e cambiando il proprio nome. Prese parte all'affondamento della HMS Calypso nel 1940, primo successo italiano in campo navale nel corso del conflitto mondiale. Con l'abbattimento di un bombardiere statunitense il 22 agosto 1945, otto giorni dopo il discorso di resa del Giappone alle potenze alleate della seconda guerra mondiale, a bordo del Comandante Cappellini, sarebbe stata l'ultima persona in assoluto a mettere fuori combattimento un velivolo degli Alleati nella stessa guerra. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 26 janvye 2026 à 02:05 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29945240 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-06 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Censorship in the Czech Republic]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:cs:Cenzura v Česku]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Censorship in the Czech Republic''' had been highly active until 17 November 1989 and the fall of Communism in the former Czechoslovakia. Czech Republic was ranked as the 13th most free country in the World Press Freedom Index in 2014. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 2 fevriye 2026 à 02:32 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!--Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29945240--> == Atik == Gade atik nèg sa a; li pa satisfè kondisyon notoryete yo. Mizisyen sa a pa popilè, men l ap eseye ak tout pri pou l jwenn yon atik Wikipedya. Li deja kreye plizyè kont pou l pale de tèt li isit la. Se yon moun sòt; li ekri atik yo sou tèt li. Donk m ap mande w, kijan yon nèg konsa moun pa konnen ka gen tout enfòmasyon sa yo isit la? Menm bagay pèsonèl li yo nan atik sa a; li menm li ekri l, pa vre? San mansyone nouvèl sa yo, ki te piblikasyon peye oswa ki te ekri sou lòd li pou fè pwomosyon pou tèt li. Se yon moun ki anvi atansyon ak validasyon, men Wikipedya gen kritè pa l, epi li pa satisfè yo. Analize l epi efase l. →<nowiki>https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZephyrMusic</nowiki> [[Espesyal:Kontribisyon/&#126;2026-72028-6|&#126;2026-72028-6]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:&#126;2026-72028-6|discussion]]) 2 fevriye 2026 à 13:44 (UTC) == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-07 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Petites Heures of Jean de France, Duc de Berry]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Jacquemart de Hesdin 002.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Petites Heures of Jean de France, Duc de Berry''' is an illuminated book of hours commissioned by John, Duke of Berry between 1375 and 1385–90. It is known for its ornate miniature leaves and border decorations. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 9 fevriye 2026 à 03:59 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29945240 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-08 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Lysmata grabhami]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Lysmata grabhami1.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''Lysmata grabhami''''' is a species of saltwater shrimp in the family Hippolytidae. It was first described by Gordon in 1935. It occurs in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean and is a cleaner shrimp, operating a cleaning station to which fish come to have parasites removed. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 16 fevriye 2026 à 13:45 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29945240 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-09 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Elefante di Cremona]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:de:Elefant von Cremona]])&#32;([[:eo:Elefanto de Cremona]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Matthew Paris Elephant from Parker MS 16 fol 151v.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> L''''elefante di Cremona''' (Asia, prima del 1228 - Parma, gennaio 1248) fu un esemplare di elefante donato nel 1228 a Federico II di Svevia da parte del sultano ayyubide al-Malik al-Kamil durante gli incontri che porteranno alla Pace di Giaffa. Usato principalmente per le manifestazioni trionfali del sovrano, l'elefante è citato da numerosi cronachisti e testimoni dell'epoca ed è noto per aver trainato il Carroccio dopo la grande vittoria delle armate di Federico II nella battaglia di Cortenuova del 1237. Rimasto a lungo nell'immaginario popolare collettivo, l'animale venne ucciso durante alcuni scontri occorsi nelle settimane immediatamente precedenti alla battaglia di Parma. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 23 fevriye 2026 à 11:43 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30097839 --> == Atik == Gade atik nèg sa a; li pa satisfè kondisyon notoryete yo. Mizisyen sa a pa popilè, men l ap eseye ak tout pri pou l jwenn yon atik Wikipedya. Li deja kreye plizyè kont pou l pale de tèt li isit la. Se yon moun sòt; li ekri atik yo sou tèt li. Donk m ap mande w, kijan yon nèg konsa moun pa konnen ka gen tout enfòmasyon sa yo isit la? Menm bagay pèsonèl li yo nan atik sa a; li menm li ekri l, pa vre? San mansyone nouvèl sa yo, ki te piblikasyon peye oswa ki te ekri sou lòd li pou fè pwomosyon pou tèt li. Se yon moun ki anvi atansyon ak validasyon, men Wikipedya gen kritè pa l, epi li pa satisfè yo. Analize l epi efase l. →<nowiki>https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZephyrMusic</nowiki> [[Espesyal:Kontribisyon/&#126;2026-12378-61|&#126;2026-12378-61]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:&#126;2026-12378-61|discussion]]) 25 fevriye 2026 à 18:44 (UTC) == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-10 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Treaty of the Danish West Indies]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:The Virgin islands of the United States of America; historical and descriptive, commercial and industrial facts, figures, and resources (1918) (14596880870).jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Treaty of the Danish West Indies''' (Danish: Vestindiens traktat), officially the Convention between the United States and Denmark for cession of the Danish West Indies (Danish: Konventionen mellem USA og Danmark), was a 1916 treaty transferring sovereignty of the Danish West Indies from Denmark to the United States in exchange for a sum of US$25,000,000 in gold ($722 million in 2024) and a declaration from the United States that it would "not object to the Danish Government extending their political and economic interests to the whole of Greenland". It is one of the most recent permanent expansions of United States territory. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 2 mas 2026 à 02:43 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30097839 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-11 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Steens Mountain]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Steens Mountain near Andrews, Oregon.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Steens Mountain''' is a large fault-block mountain in the northwest United States, located in Harney County, Oregon. Stretching some fifty miles (80 km) north to south, on its east side it rises from the Alvord Desert at an elevation of about 4,200 feet (1,280 m) to 9,738 feet (2,968 m) at the summit. Steens Mountain is not part of a mountain range but is properly a single mountain, the largest of Oregon's fault-block mountains. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 9 mas 2026 à 07:31 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30097839 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-12 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Casque (anatomy)]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Great hornbill (Buceros bicornis) Photograph by Shantanu Kuveskar.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''casque''' is an anatomical feature found in some species of birds, reptiles, and amphibians. In birds, it is an enlargement of the bones of the upper mandible or the skull, either on the front of the face, the top of the head, or both. The casque has been hypothesized to serve as a visual cue to a bird's sex, state of maturity, or social status; as reinforcement to the beak's structure; or as a resonance chamber, enhancing calls. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 16 mas 2026 à 02:43 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30245038 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-13 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Etruscan sculpture]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Frontone A del grande tempio di luni con concilio degli dei, 175-150 ac. ca. 01.JPG|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Etruscan sculpture''' was one of the most important artistic expressions of the Etruscan people, who inhabited the regions of Northern Italy and Central Italy between about the 9th century BC and the 1st century BC. Etruscan art was largely a derivation of Greek art, although developed with many characteristics of its own. Given the almost total lack of Etruscan written documents, a problem compounded by the paucity of information on their language—still largely undeciphered—it is in their art that the keys to the reconstruction of their history are to be found, although Greek and Roman chronicles are also of great help. Like its culture in general, Etruscan sculpture has many obscure aspects for scholars, being the subject of controversy and forcing them to propose their interpretations always tentatively, but the consensus is that it was part of the most important and original legacy of Italian art and even contributed significantly to the initial formation of the artistic traditions of ancient Rome. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 23 mas 2026 à 02:07 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30245038 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-14 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Pulse (nightclub)]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Orlando FL Pulse Nightclub01.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Pulse''' was a gay bar, dance club, and nightclub in Orlando, Florida, founded in 2004 by Barbara Poma and Ron Legler. On June 12, 2016, the club was the scene of the second-deadliest mass shooting by a single gunman in U.S. history, and the second-deadliest terrorist attack on U.S. soil since the September 11 attacks. Forty-nine people were killed and 58 other people were injured. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 30 mas 2026 à 02:37 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30306870 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-15 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Tofana di Rozes]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Tofana di Rozes 04.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Tofana di Rozes''' (3,225 metres (10,581 ft)) is a mountain of the Dolomites in the Province of Belluno, Veneto, Italy. Located west of the resort of Cortina d'Ampezzo, the mountain's giant three-edged pyramid shape and its vertical south face, above the Falzarego Pass, makes it the most popular peak in the Tofane group, and one of the most popular in the Dolomites. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 6 avril 2026 à 12:27 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30306870 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-16 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Very-low-calorie diet]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Green smoothie (8222465502).jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''very-low-calorie diet''' (VLCD), also known as semistarvation diet and crash diet, is a type of diet with very or extremely low daily food energy consumption. VLCDs are defined as a diet of 800 kilocalories (3,300 kJ) per day or less. Modern medically supervised VLCDs use total meal replacements, with regulated formulations in Europe and Canada which contain the recommended daily requirements for vitamins, minerals, trace elements, fatty acids, protein and electrolyte balance. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 13 avril 2026 à 02:56 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30306870 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-17 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Chromodoris willani]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Babosa de mar (Chromodoris willani), Anilao, Filipinas, 2023-08-24, DD 34.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''Chromodoris willani''''', commonly known as Willan's chromodoris, is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chromodorididae. The species is named for the renowned nudibranch taxonomist Dr. Richard C. Willan. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 20 avril 2026 à 02:34 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30430366 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-18 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Platypus venom]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Platypus spur.JPG|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The platypus is one of the few living mammals to produce venom. The venom is made in venom glands that are connected to hollow spurs on their hind legs; it is primarily made during the mating season.[1] While the venom's effects are described as extremely painful, it is not lethal to humans. Many archaic mammal groups possess similar tarsal spurs, so it is thought that, rather than having developed this characteristic uniquely, the platypus simply inherited this characteristic from its ancestors. Rather than being a unique outlier, the platypus is the last demonstration of what was once a common mammalian characteristic, and it can be used as a model for non-therian mammals and their venom delivery and properties. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 27 avril 2026 à 02:04 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30449041 --> == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will week between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 28 avril 2026 à 18:33 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message envoyé par User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30471754 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-19 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Kuwait National Assembly Building]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Kuwait City Arabian Gulf Street 10.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Kuwait National Assembly Building''' is the building that housed the National Assembly of Kuwait. Designed by Danish architect Jørn Utzon in 1972, it was completed in 1982 under the direction of his son Jan. The structural design was by Max Walt. The building was seriously damaged in February 1991 when retreating Iraqi troops set it on fire but has since been restored. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 4 me 2026 à 12:16 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30464799 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-20 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Macau National Security Law]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Lei relative à defesa da segurança do Estado projecto.JPG|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Macau National Security Law''' is a law in Macau which prohibits and punishes acts of treason, secession, and subversion against the Central government, as well as preparative acts leading to any of the three acts. Taken into effect on 3 March 2009, the purpose of the law is to fulfil Article 23 of the Macau Basic Law, the de facto constitution of the Macau Special Administration Region. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 11 me 2026 à 02:53 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30513945 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-21 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Stela of the cactus bearer]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Estela del portador del cactus]])&#32;([[:ca:Estela del portador del cactus]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Estela Wachumero en Chavin.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''stela of the cactus bearer''' is a monolith or stele of a single piece of granite, belonging to the Chavín culture of ancient Peru, which remains in its original location on the northwest side of the circular plaza at the archaeological site known as the ceremonial center of Chavín de Huántar in the Ancash region of Peru. It was discovered during the 1972 excavation season by Peruvian archaeologist Luis Guillermo Lumbreras. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 21 me 2026 à 04:05 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30529698 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-22 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Griffith Hughes]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The Reverend '''Griffith Hughes''' (1707 – c.1758), FRS, was a Welsh naturalist, clergyman, and author. Hughes wrote The Natural History of Barbados, which included the first description of the grapefruit (also known as "The Forbidden Fruit"). His work was praised by Linnaeus, but it has also been considered a "scientific fraud". <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 25 me 2026 à 02:32 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30529698 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-23 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Umuganda]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Umuganda"Rwandan community work".jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Umuganda''' is a national holiday in Rwanda taking place on the last Saturday of every month for mandatory nationwide community service from 08:00 to 11:00. Participation in Umuganda is required by law; failure to participate can result in a fine. The program was most recently re-established under President Paul Kagame in 2009, having resulted in a notable improvement in the cleanliness of Rwanda. Also, there are other informal Umuganda day activities that occur in the middle of the month. These activities are initiated by either society or the government. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 1 jen 2026 à 01:55 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30529698 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-24 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Juryeonggu]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:kr:주령구]])&#32;([[:ja:酒令具]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:주령구의 발굴 당시 사진.png|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> Il '''Juryeonggu''' (주령구?, 酒令具?, JuryeongguLR, ChuryŏngguMR) è un dado a 14 facce, risalente al periodo del Silla unificato (668-935 d.C.), ritrovato nel 1975 dopo alcuni scavi occorsi presso il Donggung e lo stagno Wolji di Gyeongju, in Corea del Sud. Le facce del dado mostravano inscrizioni recanti varie penalità o sfide, legate ad un gioco di bevute, dimostrando l'importanza dell'alcool e la raffinatezza con cui la sua assunzione veniva celebrata. L'artefatto originale è andato perduto, incendiato in un maldestro tentativo di preservazione: oggi ne esistono delle repliche, disponibili anche commercialmente. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 8 jen 2026 à 01:20 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30622359 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-25 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Cape Fiolent]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Beach of Cape Fiolent, Crimea.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Cape Fiolent''' (Crimean Tatar: Felenk Burun; Ukrainian: Фіолент; Russian: Фиолент; Latin: Parthenium), also historically called Cape Fiolente, is a cape and nature reserve (zakaznik) located in southern Sevastopol, a city within Crimea that is internationally recognised as part of Ukraine but currently occupied by Russia since 2014. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 15 jen 2026 à 02:24 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30662919 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-26 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Renovating Action Party]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Partido de Acción Renovadora]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Flag of the Renovating Action Party.svg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Renovating Action Party''' was a left-wing Salvadoran political party that existed from 1944 to 1967. The party had three distinct phases of its existence under the leaderships of Colonel José Asencio Menéndez (1944–1950), the old line (1950–1964), and the new line (1964–1967). <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 22 jen 2026 à 01:52 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30717601 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-27 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Facial age estimation]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Facial age estimation''' is the use of artificial intelligence to estimate the age of a person based on their facial features. Computer vision techniques are used to analyse the facial features in the images of millions of people whose age is known and then deep learning is used to create an algorithm that tries to predict the age of an unknown person. The key use of the technology is to prevent access to age-restricted goods and services. Examples include restricting children from accessing internet pornography, checking that they meet a mandatory minimum age when registering for an account on social media, or preventing adults from accessing websites, online chat or games designed only for use by children. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div>--[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 29 jen 2026 à 00:44 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30717601 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-28 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Paulo César Vinha State Park]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Capim dourado.jpg|300px|center|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Paulo César Vinha State Park''' (Portuguese: Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha) is a state park in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. It protects an area of dunes, lagoons and marshes along the Atlantic shore. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 6 jiyè 2026 à 01:35 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30717601 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-29 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Caledonian MacBrayne]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Cal-Mac HQ2005.jpg|300px|center|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Caledonian MacBrayne''', in short form CalMac, is the trade name of CalMac Ferries Ltd, the major operator of passenger and vehicle ferries to the west coast of Scotland, serving ports on the mainland and 22 of the major islands. It is a subsidiary of holding company David MacBrayne, which is owned by the Scottish Government. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> -[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 13 jiyè 2026 à 01:20 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30717601 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-30 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Immigration to Switzerland]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> In 2023, resident foreigners made up 26.3% of Switzerland's population. Most of these (83%) were from European countries. Italy provided the largest single group of foreigners, accounting for 14.7% of total foreign population, followed closely by Germany (14.0%), Portugal (11.7%), France (6.6%), Kosovo (5.1%), Spain (3.9%), Turkey (3.1%), North Macedonia (3.1%), Serbia (2.8%), Austria (2.0%), United Kingdom (1.9%), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1.3%) and Croatia (1.3%). Immigrants from Sri Lanka (1.3%), most of them former Tamil refugees, were the largest group of Asian origin (7.9%). <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 20 jiyè 2026 à 02:18 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30717601 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-31 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:fr:Study of Man's Impact on Climate]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> La '''Study of Man's Impact on Climate''' (traduisible en français par « Étude de l'impact de l'homme sur le climat ») est une conférence scientifique internationale consacrée à l'influence humaine sur le climat qui s'est tenue à Stockholm, en Suède, du 28 juin au 16 juillet 1971. Elle aborde diverses hypothèses parmi lesquelles la destruction de la couche d'ozone et le réchauffement (ou refroidissement) climatique, établit l'état du savoir à leur sujet et, soulignant les nombreuses inconnues qui demeurent, appelle à consacrer davantage de fonds à la recherche scientifique sur le climat. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskisyon Itilizatè:MediaWiki message delivery|diskisyon]]) 27 jiyè 2026 à 02:00 (UTC) (Ce message a été envoyé à [[:Itilizatè:Kitanago]] et est publié ici en raison d’une redirection.) <!-- Message envoyé par User:Shizhao@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30849684 --> fs6ylxav5e2p6wugg3be740lwnqqg00 0 73494 883244 841773 2026-07-26T18:53:21Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 883244 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bertrand Laverdure''', ki fèt nan [[Monreyal]] an [[1967]], se yon [[powèt]] ak yon [[Woman (literati)|womansye]] [[Kebèk|kebekwa]]. == Biyografi == == Zèv li yo == * 2019 : ''Lettres en forêt urbaine - Le Projet Xanadu'' (avèk ilistrasyon Catherine Filteau), edisyon Mémoire d'encrier * 2017 : ''Un herbier de Montréal des poètes et des bédéistes'' (pilot kolektif), La Pastèque * 2016 : ''[http://lapeuplade.com/livres/la-chambre-neptune/ La chambre Neptune, roman, La Peuplade]'' * 2015 : ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200112033712/http://memoiredencrier.com/enseigner-mort-robot-bertrand-laverdure/ Comment enseigner la mort à un robot ?, coll. Cadastres, Mémoire d'encrier]'' * 2014 : ''[http://www.triptyque.qc.ca/argu/arguRapport.html Rapport de stage en milieu humain]''[http://www.triptyque.qc.ca/argu/arguRapport.html , (pwezi), edisyon Triptyque] * 2013 : ''[http://www.leslibraires.ca/livres/cascadeuse-bertrand-laverdure-9782896517312.html Cascadeuse]''[http://www.leslibraires.ca/livres/cascadeuse-bertrand-laverdure-9782896517312.html , (pwezi), La courte échelle] * 2012 : ''[http://editionslameche.blogspot.ca/2012/08/lettres-crues.html Lettres crues]'' [http://editionslameche.blogspot.ca/2012/08/lettres-crues.html (Théâtre de l'épistolaire à l'époque des réseaux sociaux)(correspondance avec Pierre Samson avril-novembre 2011), La Mèche, Montréal] * 2011 : ''100 % Ergonomique'' (ekri avèk Ariane Bart) (woman trash), [[Maelstrom]], Bèljik * 2011 : ''[http://lapeuplade.com/livres/bureau-universel-des-copyrights/ Bureau universel des copyrights]'' [http://lapeuplade.com/livres/bureau-universel-des-copyrights/ (roman), La Peuplade] * 2010 : ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20180825073814/http://revue.leslibraires.ca/nos-libraires-craquent/litterature-quebecoise/j-invente-la-piscine J'invente la piscine]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825073814/http://revue.leslibraires.ca/nos-libraires-craquent/litterature-quebecoise/j-invente-la-piscine (woman), coll. Hors Collection, Série hors série, La courte échelle] * 2008 : ''[https://voir.ca/livres/2008/12/04/bertrand-laverdure-cocktail-litteraire/ Lectodôme]'' [https://voir.ca/livres/2008/12/04/bertrand-laverdure-cocktail-litteraire/ (roman), Le Quartanier] * 2008 : ''La plaquette cubaine'' (collectif de poésie avec José Acquelin et Yannick Renaud), Le Lézard amoureux * 2007 : ''[https://www.ledevoir.com/culture/livres/55179/l-industrie-de-la-poesie Les petits villages]'' [https://www.ledevoir.com/culture/livres/55179/l-industrie-de-la-poesie (collectif de poésie avec Élise Turcotte, Corinne Larochelle, Jean-Éric Riopel, Thierry Dimanche et André Roy), Le Lézard amoureux] * 2007 : ''Sept et demi'' (pwezi), [[Le Quartanier]] * ''Gomme de xanthane'' (woman), [[Les Éditions Triptyque|Triptyque]], 2006 * 2004 : ''Rires'' (pwezi), [[Éditions du Noroît]] * 2002 : ''Audioguide'' (pwezi), [[Éditions du Noroît]] * 2000 : ''Les forêts'' (pwezi), [[Éditions du Noroît]] * 1998 : ''La maison'' epi ''Les portraits'' (pwezi), [[Éditions du Noroît]] * 1996 : ''Fruits'' (pwezi), [[Éditions du Noroît]] * 1994 : ''L'oraison cassée'' (pwezi), [[Éditions du Noroît]] ;Lòt piblikasyon * 2014 : ''Bienvenue aux dames'', (nouvèl), [[VLB éditeur|Vlb éditeur]], (L'année des punaises de lit) * 2011 : ''Être un héros'', (nouvèl), Hors Collection, [[La courte échelle]], (Scrap it !) * 2009 : ''Le livre de chevet'', coll. La table des matières, Le Quartanier, * 2005 : ''Les parcs publics'', [[Mœbius (revue)|Mœbius]], n° 107, p. 61-63 * 2006 : ''Cité selon'', coll. La table des matières, [[Le Quartanier]], * 2000 : ''Jacques Ferron, citoyen de Ville Jacques-Cartier'', Société d'histoire de Longueuil, cahier 29 * 2005 : ''L'engagement de la parole: politique du poème'', coll. Le soi et l'autre, [[VLB éditeur|Vlb éditeur]] == Referans == {{referans}} == Lyen deyò == {{DEFAULTSORT:Laverdure, Bertrand}} [[Kategori:Moun]] [[Kategori:Literati]] [[Kategori:Ekriven]] [[Kategori:Ekriven ameriken]] [[Kategori:Nesans nan lane 1967]] r2xzpnyshfjgf5rj616gldc7poidq06 0 85551 883235 855013 2026-07-26T17:56:40Z 2600 etc 34425 /* Jeyografi sou entènèt Kominote kontribitè volontè yo */ 883235 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Enstitisyon |non=Mouvman Wikimedya |foto=Wikimedia Community Logo.svg |tèks=Logo Mouvman Wikimedya [[Meta-Wiki]] itlize l |Domèn= [[Mouvman sosyal]] |Dat Fondasyon= 2001 ak kreyasyon [[Wikipedya]] |Zòn Fonksyònman= Anliy }} '''Mouvman''' '''Wikimedya''' se yon [[mouvman sosyal]], entènasyonal ak entè-kominote, ki gen pou misyon pote kontni edikasyon gratis nan lemond antye e pwojè yo plis konnen an lse [[Wikipedya]] . Mo “Wikimedya se non mak ''[[Fondasyon Wikimedya|Wikimedia Fondasyon an]]'', ki enstitisyonèlman sipèvize mouvman an. Misyon fondasyon sa a se pou enspire moun atravè mond lan kolekte epi devlope kontni edikasyon anba lisans gratis oswa nan domèn piblik, epi distribye li efektivman ak globalman. An jeneral, mouvman Wikimedya a pataje vizyon yon monn kote chak moun ka trase ak pataje libe libè tout konesans alawonnbadè. Istwa mouvman Wikimedya la byen lye ak istwa Wikipedya ak pa [[Fondasyon Wikimedya|Fondasyon Wikimedia]] an e li chaje ak anpil epizòd enpòtan, kèk ladan yo nan polemik. Jewografi li yo vire toutotou yon anbyans biznis sou entènèt ak yon anbyans biznis san entènèt . Anbyans sou entènèt la gen ladanl plis pase mil sit entènèt, lis adrès ak chanèl IRC . Kèk nan sit entènèt yo, tankou Wikipedya, gen entansyon pou difizyon konesans, yon lòt pati dedye a jesyon anndan mouvman an, ak yon twazyèm, finalman, esansyèlman dedye a devlopman teknik nan enfrastrikti IT. Esfè san entènèt a, pou pati li, gen ladan plizyè douzèn asosyasyon lokal yo, plizyè santèn gwoup itilizatè yo ak, nan mwa janvye 2020 , de òganizasyon tematik . [[Mouvement Wikimédia|Kominote Wikimedya]] rekonèt tèt li gras a aktè volontè yo ki legalman separe ak anplwaye aktif nan mouvman an. Li byen tache ak prensip [[Etiik|etik]] ak ideyolojik espesifik libète dijital yo epi li genyen plis gason ki te konplete edikasyon siperyè epi ki gen laj mwayèn varye selon aktivite ak orijin jewografik. Mouvman an antye finanse sèlman pa dè milyon donasyon nan men moun, ki monte an mwayèn nan anviwon kenz ero. Siksè kanpay don yo ak desantralizasyon ekstrèm li yo ofri mouvman an gwo endepandans enstitisyonèl ansanm ak yon maj opere trè an sante. == Istwa mouvman an == === Orijin tèm Wikimedya a === Tèm nan "''Wikimedya''» prezante tèt li kòm yon mo pòtay ki gen eleman « [https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/wiki wiki] » se enspire pa mo Awayi « wikiwiki » ki ka tradui an franse pa « rapid rapid » <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/wiki|title=wiki|last=Wiktionnaire|date=|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2019-11-29|archive-date=2020-09-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200905104709/https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/wiki|dead-url=unfit}}.</ref> . Tèm wiki te eritye nan premye lojisyèl koreksyon paj wèb la ki rele WikiWikiWeb . Li te transmèt atravè lojisyèl menm jan an ki rele UseModWiki ki te enstale 10 janvye 2001 sou serveurs konpayi Bomis nan objektif pou pwodwi yon pwojè kolaborasyon ki rele [[Wikipedya|Wikipedia]], objektif prensipal ki se te anrichi Nupedia, yon ansiklopedi komèsyal devlope pa la ak menm konpayi . Ansuit, pwojè Wikipedya a te grandi kòm pwojè Nupedia te abandone, UseModWiki te ranplase pa lojisyèl MediaWiki a, ak tout pwojè kolaborasyon ki pral fèt alantou Wikipedia pral nan vire adopte ekspresyon wiki nan non yo. Nan dat 16 mas 2003, pandan yon diskisyon konsènan posib deklinasyon ansiklopedi a nan lòt kalite pwojè editoryal patisipatif, ekriven Ameriken Sheldon Rampton, te gen lide ajoute nan tèm wiki, ki itilize pa Wikipedia ak sè li pwojè yo. sifiks " [https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/média medya] », nan lide pou make varyete medya ki pwodui ak mobilize sou platfòm wiki ( [[ansiklopedi]], sit nouvèl, [[mizik]], videyo, elatriye. ) <ref name=":42" group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-March/001887.html|title=Re: Current events|last=Rampton|first=Sheldon|date=16 mas 2003|website=web.archive.org|location=Wikipedia English mailing list|archive-date=29 oktòb 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029044620/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-March/001887.html|dead-url=unfit}}.</ref> . Tèm Wikimedya nan lang angle a te fè premye aparisyon li epi pita yo pral itilize pou nonmen fondasyon ki responsab pou sipòte Wikipedya. Ansuit, Florence Devouard te itilize li ankò pou deziyen mouvman sosyal li te wè k ap parèt alantou pwojè fondasyon an sipòte. === Nesans mouvman an === Istwa mouvman Wikimedya la byen lye ak istwa Wikipedya, ki te bay li. An reyalite, nou kapab donk rezime ke nesans mouvman an ka kowenside swa ak lansman pwojè ansiklopedi a 15 janvye 2001, swa ak nesans [[Fondasyon Wikimedya]] 20 jen 2003 . Òganizasyon sa a te fèt pou pote non mouvman an ki li pral asime jesyon administratif Entènasyonal la. Li te parèt apre desizyon [[Jimmy Wales]] te abandone pwojè ansiklopedi komèsyal li a, Nupédia, ki te lanse pa konpayi li a Bomis, epi li te lage reyalizasyon li yo nan yon òganizasyon ki pa pou pwofi. Se poutèt sa Fondasyon Wikimedya a eritye non domèn Wikipedya ak yon konvèsyon copyleft nan copyright konpayi komèsyal Bomis la. Chwa sa a te sètènman motive pa kreyasyon ''Enciclopedia Libre Universal en Español'' ' yon fouchèt vèsyon an lang Panyòl nan Wikipedya 26 fevriye 2002 sitou konteste entèdisyon an, egzistans \ yon liy editoryal <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%C3%A9_estamos_aqu%C3%AD_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org|title=Enciclopedia:Por qué estamos aquí y no en es.wikipedia.org. Artículo de la Enciclopedia.|date=|website=enciclopedia.us.es|language=es|access-date=2019-11-29|archive-date=2010-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412094242/http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%C3%A9_estamos_aqu%C3%AD_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org|dead-url=yes}}.</ref> ak sitou lide pou mete piblisite sou sit Wikipedya a <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Tkacz|first=Nathaniel|date=2011-01-20|title=The Spanish Fork: Wikipedia's ad-fuelled mutiny|url=https://www.wired.co.uk/article/wikipedia-spanish-fork|journal=Wired UK|language=en|page=|issn=1357-0978|access-date=2019-12-23}}.</ref> . Men fraz " Mouvman Wikimedya" a te kapab osi byen make nesans mouvman an nan nivo konsyans fwa sa a. Sa a pa t parèt lè fondasyon an te kreye, men senk ane pita apre yon pwopozisyon Florence Devouard te fè, nan mwa jen 2008 , yon ti tan anvan li kite pozisyon li kòm prezidan fondasyon an <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2008-May/043117.html|title=Candidacy to the board of WMF|last=Florence Devouard|date=19 me 2008|website=lists.wikimedia.org|language=en}}.</ref> . Nan pwopozisyon sa a te gen lide pou modifye sit Wikimedia.org pou fè li yon vitrin pou " Mouvman Wikimedya » dapre prensip sa yo :"Mouvman Wikimedya a, jan m konprann li, se * yon koleksyon valè moun pataje (libète ekspresyon, konesans pou tout moun, pataje kominote, elatriye) * yon seri aktivite (konferans, atelye, wikiacademi elatriye...) * yon koleksyon òganizasyon (Wikimedya Fondasyon, Wikimedya Almay, Wikimedya Taiwan elatriye), osi byen ke kèk espri lib (moun ki san chapit) ak òganizasyon ki gen menm lide”. Nan lane 2020, douz ane apre, sit entènèt Wikimedia.org pral montre mesaj sa a :“Wikimedya se yon mouvman mondyal ki gen misyon pou pote kontni edikasyon gratis nan mond lan. Atravè plizyè pwojè, chapit, ak estrikti sipò Fondasyon Wikimedya, yon òganizasyon ki pa pou pwofi, Wikimedya fè efò pou kreye yon mond kote chak moun ka pataje tout konesans yo libe libè." === Epizòd enpòtan ak anekdòt nan istwa mouvman Wikimedya === [[Fichye:Enseigner_Wikipedia_Par_Les_Anecdotes.ogv|vignette|Videyo 1 : ''Enseigner Wikipédia'' avèk anekdòt se yon seri istwa ki rakonte sou videyo pou konprann ki jan Wikipedya fonksyone. (Alexandre Hocquet, 2017).]] === Plan estratejik, vizyon ak misyon mouvman an === [[Fichye:WMF_StrategicPlan2011_spreads.pdf|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/WMF_StrategicPlan2011_spreads.pdf/page1-220px-WMF_StrategicPlan2011_spreads.pdf.jpg|alt=Plan stratégique du Mouvement Wikimedia, format imprimable.|vignette| Fig 2 : Plan Estratejik 2015 Mouvman Wikimedya a, fòma pdf ( [[Fondasyon Wikimedya|Wikimedia Foundation]], 2011).]] Depi 2004 e apre kreyasyon ''[[Fondasyon Wikimedya|Fondasyon Wikimedia]]'', mouvman Wikimedya a te sibi plizyè plan estratejik . Plan sa yo premye devlope nan nivo premye konsèy direktè yo epi answit konstwi atravè pwosesis kolaborasyon an.Premye nan pwosesis konplèks sa yo te lanse an 2011, lè l sèvi avèk patisipasyon plizyè milye volontè ki gaye atravè mond lan <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Dobusch|first=Leonhard|last2=Mueller-Seitz|first2=Gordon|date=2012-07-01|title=Strategy as a Practice of Thousands: The Case of Wikimedia|url=https://journals.aom.org/doi/abs/10.5465/ambpp.2012.43|journal=Academy of Management Proceedings|language=en|volume=2012|issue=1|page=15572|doi=10.5465/AMBPP.2012.43|issn=0065-0668|access-date=2019-12-23}}.</ref> . Li mennen nan yon plan ki kouvri peryòd 2010 rive 2015 (gade fig. 2. anba a). Pwosesis sa a sèvi ak entèlijans kolektif ak sipò pèsonèl Wikimedya pou idantifye, rafine, ak adrese defi estratejik fondamantal yo pandan y ap fonde yon prensip transparans, kolaborasyon, ak patisipasyon ki satisfè atant moun ki konsène yo <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Heracleous|first=Loizos|last2=Gößwein|first2=Julia|last3=Beaudette|first3=Philippe|date=2018-03-01|title=Open Strategy-Making at the Wikimedia Foundation: A Dialogic Perspective|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886317712665|journal=The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science|language=en|volume=54|issue=1|page=5–35|doi=10.1177/0021886317712665|issn=0021-8863|access-date=2019-12-23}}.</ref> . Yon nouvo plan estratejik ap devlope pou 2030 ak vizyon sa a pou lavni : " Wikimedia pral tounen enfrastrikti prensipal nan [[ekosistèm]] konesans gratis la, epi nenpòt moun ki pataje vizyon nou an ap gen opòtinite pou yo rejwenn nou. » <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2018-20/fr|title=Stratégie/Mouvement Wikimedia/2018-20 - Meta|website=meta.wikimedia.org|language=en|access-date=2019-12-23}}.</ref> . == Jeyografi sou entènèt Kominote kontribitè volontè yo == Nan kòmansman ane 2020, anplis pwojè [[Wikipedya]] ki disponib nan plis pase 300 vèsyon lang <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias/Table#Grand_Total|title=List of Wikipedias/Table - Meta|website=meta.wikimedia.org|access-date=2020-01-22}}.</ref>, Fondasyon Wikimedia gen ladan tou plizyè santèn pwojè sè nan ansiklopedi gratis <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Complete_list_of_Wikimedia_projects|title=Complete list of Wikimedia projects - Meta|date=|website=meta.wikimedia.org|language=en|access-date=2020-01-24}}.</ref> ki gen kantite itilizatè yo ka varye ant 148 pou diksyonè Chaoui a 38 205 495 pou pwojè Wikipedya angle <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=http://wikistats.wmflabs.org/wikimedias_html.php|title=WikiStats - All Wikimedia Projects by Size|website=wikistats.wmflabs.org|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . An total, prèske 900 sit entènèt òganize nan mouvman pou distribye yon total de 364 millions paj wèb <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://wikiscan.org/|title=Wikiscan statistics|website=wikiscan.org|access-date=2020-01-22|archive-date=2021-12-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222233409/http://wikiscan.org/|dead-url=yes}}.</ref> . Chak sit sa yo fonksyone sou yon sistèm jesyon kontni diferan epi ak règleman itilizasyon ki kapab diferan pou kominote kontribitè otonòm yo te pwodwi pou finalman pwodui atik ki gen ladan 74. % ap egziste sèlman nan youn nan 74 versions ki egziste an 2010 <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Hecht B|last2=Gergle D|last3=28th Annual CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems|first3=CHI 2010|date=2010|title=The tower of Babel meets web 2.0: User-generated content and its applications in a multilingual context|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/the-tower-of-babel-meets-web-20-user-generated-content-and-its-applications-in-a-multilingual-context/oclc/646091789&referer=brief_results|journal=Conf Hum Fact Comput Syst Proc Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings|language=English|volume=1|page=291–300|access-date=2020-02-05}}.</ref> . An tèm de règ, pwojè Wikipedya ki pale Alman an sitou gen règ pi sevè pase pwojè ki pale franse a. : ''itilizasyon jis'' pa aplikab, bouyon atik yo pa kenbe, entèdiksyon itilizatè mande pou yon vòt piblik majorite de tyè, elatriye <ref group="N">Voir à ce sujet la [[Wikipédia en allemand#Caractéristiques|section « caractéristique » de l'article consacré à Wikipédia en allemand]].</ref> . Pami tout pwojè sa yo, li posib pou distenge pwojè kontni, pwojè konsyantizasyon ak administrasyon epi finalman pwojè devlopman teknik <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_projects/fr&uselang=fr|title=Wikimedia projects/fr — Meta|website=meta.wikimedia.org|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . === Pwojè kontni ki konsantre sou pataje konesans === Se poutèt sa, ansanm ak Wikipedya, gen tout yon seri pwojè ki vize pataje konesans. Pami sa yo genyen kèk pwojè plizyè lang tankou pwojè ''[[Wikispecies]]'' . Lòt pwojè anplis ke yo pale plizyè lang pral santralize kontni tou ak entansyon pou entegre yo nan lòt pwojè san se pa kopi yo, nan nivo lòt pwojè Wikimedya. Nan dènye ka sa a, nou jwenn pwojè <nowiki><i id="mwAew">Wikimedia commons</i></nowiki> ki responsab santralize fichye imaj, odyo, videyo, elatriye <ref group="V">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDNpUPofYXw|title=Les projets frères de Wikipédia|last=David Crochet|date=12 me 2012|website=Youtube|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> ansanm ak pwojè Wikidata ki konsantre sou tretman enfòmasyon reyalite yo kolekte epi redistribiye sou fòm yon Wikimedia. baz done nivo pwojè <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Vrandečić|first=Denny|last2=Krötzsch|first2=Markus|date=23 septanm 2014|title=Wikidata|url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/fullHtml/10.1145/2629489|journal=Communications of the ACM|language=en|volume=57|issue=10|page=78–85|doi=10.1145/2629489|issn=0001-0782|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . Pwojè ''Wikimedia Incubator'' ak Wikiversity Beta, ki se plizyè lang tou, gen entansyon pou kreye, teste ak lanse nouvo vèsyon lengwistik pwojè editoryal ki deja egziste <ref group="B">{{Cite web|url=https://globalvoices.org/2016/08/28/meet-the-newly-born-tulu-wikipedia-the-23rd-in-a-south-asian-language/|title=Meet the Newly Born Tulu Wikipedia, the 23rd in a South Asian Language!|last=Subhashish Panigrahi|date=2016-08-28|website=Global Voices|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . Apa de nouvo vèsyon lang yo, nouvo pwojè editoryal yo gen chans pou yo pran nesans. Pwojè WikiJournal sou Wikiversity, ki te genyen yon prim piblikasyon 2019 nan kategori piblikasyon ouvè <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://openpublishingawards.org/|title=https://openpublishingawards.org/|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-19|archive-date=2020-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728135235/https://openpublishingawards.org/index.php/wikidata/|dead-url=yes}}.</ref>, se kounye a (fevriye 2020 ) ap tann yon repons nan men Komisyon Konsèy Wikimedya konsènan yon demann pou kreye yon nouvo platfòm entènèt endepandan <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Sister_Project_application_for_Wikimedia_Journals_%28combined_%2B_addendum_1%29.pdf|title=Sister Project application for Wikimedia Journals|last=WikiJournal User Group|date=25 septanm 2019|language=en|access-date=2020-02-19}}.</ref> . Tout pwojè pataje kontni sa yo ki nan lis nan tablo ki anba a <ref name=":0" group="N">Ce tableau est susceptible d'évoluer avec le temps et son contenu actuel est donc sujet à vérification. Les mises à jour de son contenu peuvent être faites notamment au départ de [[Spécial:Matrice des sites|ce tableau officiel automatiquement mis à jour]].</ref> yo gratis, kolaborasyon, endepandan nan jesyon yo, sitou sijè a lisans CC. BY. SA epi toujou konte sou lojisyèl separe MediaWiki nan nivo enfrastrikti IT <ref group="B" name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Fontanills|first=David Gómez|date=2012-05-31|title=Panoràmica de la wikimediasfera|url=https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Digit/article/view/254239|journal=Digithum|language=ca|page=|issn=1575-2275|access-date=2020-02-11}}.</ref> . {| width="100%" | width="5%" |[[Fichye:Commons-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/35px-Commons-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Commons|centré|47x47px| Commons Kay]] | width="45%" | Wikimedia Commons se yon bibliyotèk medya ki santralize dosye yo itilize nan pwojè Wikimedya. | width="5%" |[[Fichye:Wikidata-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/50px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikidata|centré|50x50px| Wikidata Kay]] | width="45%" | Wikidata se yon baz konesans ki gen lisans CC0.<br /> |- valign="top" |[[Fichye:Wikisource-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/48px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikisource|centré|50x50px| Wikisource Kay]] | Pwojè Wikisource yo se bibliyotèk dijital liv nan domèn piblik. |[[Fichye:Wikispecies-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/43px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikispecies|centré|50x50px| Kay nan Wikiespès]] | [[Wikispecies]] se yon anyè espès vivan. |- |[[Fichye:Wiktprintable_without_text.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/50px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wiktionnaire|centré|50x50px| Kay nan Wiktionary]] | Viksyonè yo se [[diksyonè]] deskriptif ak ilistre. |[[Fichye:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/50px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikivoyage|centré|50x50px| Kay nan Wikivoyage]] | Pwojè Wikivoyage se gid touris . |- valign="top" |[[Fichye:Wikiquote-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/42px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikiquote|centré|50x50px| Wikiquote Kay]] | Pwojè Wikiquote yo se koleksyon sitasyon yo. |[[Fichye:Wikibooks-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/50px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png|alt=largeAccueil de Wikilivres|centré|50x50px| largeWikibooks lakay ou]] | Pwojè Wikibooks yo se bibliyotèk liv edikatif ak gid pratik.<br /> |- valign="top" |[[Fichye:Wikinews-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png|alt=|centré|60x60px| Wikinews Kay]] | Pwojè Wikinouvèl yo se sit nouvèl |[[Fichye:Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/50px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikiversité|centré|50x50px| Kay Wikiversity]] | Pwojè Wikiversity yo se kominote edikasyon ak laboratwa syans patisipatif . |- | {| |[[Fichye:Incubator-notext.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/50px-Incubator-logo.svg.png|alt=|centré|63x63px| Wikimedia Incubator Kay]] |} | Wikimedia Incubator se kote pou teste ak lanse nouvo pwojè langaj Wikimedia, eksepte Wikiversity. |[[Fichye:Wikiversity-logo-beta.png|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Wikiversity-logo-beta.png/50px-Wikiversity-logo-beta.png|alt=|centré|sans_cadre|58x58px]] | Wikiversity Beta se platfòm lansman pou nouvo vèsyon lang pwojè Wikiversity. |} === Pwojè èd, kowòdinasyon, jesyon ak pwojè enfòmasyon entèn pou mouvman an === Anplis pwojè pataje kontni, gen tou yon seri espas dijital ki gen entansyon òganize aktivite nan mouvman Wikimedya a. Platfòm Meta-Wiki reprezante, pami lòt bagay, espas pou jere tout sa ki komen nan tout pwojè editoryal, men tou yon kote pou trete kesyon administratif ak politik ki gen rapò ak tout mouvman Wikimedia . Sit sa a se souvan espas kote lòt pwojè dijital entèn mouvman an pral fèt <ref name=":5" group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Fontanills|first=David Gómez|date=2012-05-31|title=Panoràmica de la wikimediasfera|url=https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Digit/article/view/254239|journal=Digithum|language=ca|page=|issn=1575-2275|access-date=2020-02-11}}.</ref> . Genyen tou divès pwojè nan espas dijital Wikimedya a ki pa benefisye yon sit ak non domèn espesifik pou aktivite yo, men ki devlope ak kowòdone nan nivo lòt pwojè pi gwo tankou [[Wikipedya]] . Nan nivo esfè ki pale franse a, kalite pwojè entèn sa a gen ladann Wikimag ak bilten Regard sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia (RAW), de peryodik ki pibliye pa kominote Wikimedia ak pou kominote Wikimedia nan pwojè Wikimedya., pwojè WikiMooc la, yon kou gratis sou entènèt ouvè a tout moun pou aprann kijan pou kontribiye nan Wikipedya, men tou, yon seri pwojè tematik ki souvan patisipe nan antretyen nan pòtay Wikipedya . Finalman, mouvman Wikimedia genyen plizyè santèn lis adrès prive oswa piblik ak plizyè santèn sal chat (IRC) <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/IRC/fr|title=IRC - Meta|website=meta.wikimedia.org|access-date=2020-01-24}}.</ref> ki pèmèt chak gwoup ki kreye nan mouvman an kominike sou sijè ki konsène li. {| |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/50px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Meta-Wiki|centré|50x50px| Meta-Wiki Kay]] | Meta-Wiki se yon sit pou jesyon ak kowòdinasyon jeneral mouvman Wikimedya. |[[Fichye:Wikimania.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Wikimania.svg/50px-Wikimania.svg.png|alt=|centré|61x61px| Wikimania Kay]] | Sit entènèt Wikimania. Wikimedia.org dedye a preparasyon sik konferans anyèl Wikimania ki dedye a mouvman Wikimedia. |- valign="top" |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Outreach.png|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Wikimedia_Outreach.png/70px-Wikimedia_Outreach.png|alt=|centré|70x70px| Kay nan " Sensibilisation »]] | ''Wikimedia Outreach'' se yon sit entènèt ki fèt pou kowòdone pwomosyon pwojè Wikimedya ak patenarya nan mouvman an. |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Space_Hexagon_Sticker.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Wikimedia_Space_Hexagon_Sticker.svg/60px-Wikimedia_Space_Hexagon_Sticker.svg.png|alt=|centré|60x60px| Kay nan " Espas Wikimedia »]] | ''Wikimedia Espas'' se te yon platfòm enfòmasyon, kolaborasyon ak sipò ki gen ladann yon blog ak yon fowòm, ki te fèt pou aktè nan mouvman Wikimedia. |- |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Community_Logo-Mailservices_2.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Wikimedia_Community_Logo-Mailservices_2.svg/50px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo-Mailservices_2.svg.png|centré|sans_cadre|50x50px]] | ''Wikimedia Mailservices'' se paj dakèy pou tout lis adrès Fondasyon Wikimedya kenbe. |[[Fichye:Nuvola_mimetypes_log.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Nuvola_mimetypes_log.svg/50px-Nuvola_mimetypes_log.svg.png|centré|sans_cadre|50x50px]] | ''Wikimedia Statistik'' yo se platfòm enfòmasyon estatistik sou tout pwojè Wikimedia Fondasyon Wikimedia dirije. |- |[[Fichye:Wikipedia_Usability_Initiative_Logo.png|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wikipedia_Usability_Initiative_Logo.png/70px-Wikipedia_Usability_Initiative_Logo.png|centré|sans_cadre|70x70px]] | ''Wikimedia Itilizasyon'' (achiv) se yon espas travay ki dedye a amelyore itilizasyon Wikipedya pou nouvo kontribitè yo. . |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Strategic_Planning_logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Wikimedia_Strategic_Planning_logo.svg/70px-Wikimedia_Strategic_Planning_logo.svg.png|alt=Logo du site Wikimédia strategy|centré|sans_cadre|70x70px]] | Planifikasyon estratejik Wikimedia (achiv) se sit ki te itilize depi 2009 pou rive 2010 pou devlopman plan estratejik 2010-2015 la. . |} === Pwojè jesyon teknik === Pou jere aspè teknik ak IT li yo, mouvman Wikimedya gen yon seri sit dedye tou. Sit Phabricator Wikimedia, te lanse nan mwa septanm 2014 epi ki baze sou lojisyèl gratis pa menm non an, yo itilize pou fè fas ak pinèz ak lòt travay nan mouvman Wikimedya ki pa nesesèman dwe teknik <ref group="B">{{Cite web|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2014/11/24/welcome-to-phabricator-wikimedias-new-collaboration-platform/|title=Welcome to Phabricator, Wikimedia’s new collaboration platform|last=Quim Gil|date=24 novanm 2014|website=''Wikimedia Foundation News''|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . Sit MediaWiki a se yon lòt platfòm plizyè lang ki dedye a devlopman kolaborasyon ak dokiman ki konsène lojisyèl MediaWiki a, ki itilize nan tout pwojè editoryal Wikimedya, men tou pa anpil lòt moun ki gen enterè, ki rankontre regilyèman nan konferans espesyalman dedye a lojisyèl an <ref group="B">{{Cite web|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2019/05/01/mediawiki-is-the-software-that-underpins-wikipedia-this-conference-shows-all-the-other-ways-it-can-be-used/|title=MediaWiki is the software that underpins Wikipedia. This conference shows all the other ways it can be used.|last=David Stine|date=1 janvye 2019|website=Wikimedia Foundation News|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . Sit Wikitech la, pandan se tan, se yon platfòm pou enfòmasyon ak konsèy teknik sou ''Wikimedia Cloud Services (WMCS)'' <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Cloud_Services_Introduction|title=Help:Cloud Services Introduction - Wikitech|date=|website=wikitech.wikimedia.org|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> yo itilize nan mwa janvye 2020 pa plis pase 16 000 personnes <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://tools.wmflabs.org/openstack-browser/|title=OpenStack browser|date=|website=tools.wmflabs.org|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref>, bay aksè nan dumps ak sistèm jesyon baz done nan pwojè Wikimedya <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page|title=Wikitech|date=|website=wikitech.wikimedia.org|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . Pwojè Kiwix la, finalman, ofri lojisyèl ki pèmèt aksè nan Wikipedya, pwojè sè li yo ak anpil lòt resous edikatif san yo pa gen koneksyon Entènèt nan tout peyi nan mond lan <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Ulmi|first=Nic|date=2015-11-27|title=Une Wikipédia pour les lieux à l’écart du Web|url=https://www.letemps.ch/societe/une-wikipedia-lieux-lecart-web|journal=Le Temps|language=fr|issn=1423-3967|access-date=2020-02-05}}.</ref> e menm nan prizon <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Koch|first=Simon|date=2013-06-18|title=Wikipédia fait de la prison en Suisse|url=https://www.lematin.ch/high-tech/wikipedia-prison-suisse/story/11492555|journal=Le Matin|language=fr|issn=1018-3736|access-date=2020-02-05|archive-date=2020-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205135524/https://www.lematin.ch/high-tech/wikipedia-prison-suisse/story/11492555|dead-url=yes}}.</ref> . Pwojè jesyon teknik yo rezime nan tablo ki anba a <ref name=":1" group="N">Ce tableau est susceptible d'évoluer avec le temps et son contenu actuel est donc sujet à vérification. Une mises à jour est possible au départ des sources précitées.</ref> . {| |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Phabricator_logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Wikimedia_Phabricator_logo.svg/50px-Wikimedia_Phabricator_logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Phabricator|centré|50x50px| Phabricator Kay]] | Wikimedia Phabricator se yon platfòm kolaborasyon ki louvri pou tout kontribitè Wikimedya yo itilize pou jere travay ki gen rapò ak lojisyèl, men inisyativ ki pa teknik yo akeyi. |[[Fichye:MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg/60px-MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg.png|alt=Accueil de MediaWiki|centré|60x60px|MediaWiki Kay]] | Sit MediaWiki se yon platfòm devlopman ak dokimantasyon pou lojisyèl MediaWiki, tout pwojè editoryal Wikimedia yo itilize. |- |[[Fichye:Wikitech-2021-blue-icon.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Wikitech-2021-blue-icon.svg/60px-Wikitech-2021-blue-icon.svg.png|centré|sans_cadre|60x60px]] | Wikitech se yon platfòm ki gen entansyon dokimante pwojè IT ak enfrastrikti pou ede mouvman Wikimedya, ki te òganize sou nwaj la pa Fondasyon Wikimedya. |[[Fichye:Test_wiki_logo_notext.png|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Test_wiki_logo_notext.png/50px-Test_wiki_logo_notext.png|alt=Accueil de « Test Wiki »|centré|50x50px| Kay nan " Tès Wiki »]] | Tès Wiki se yon sit Wikimedia devlopè lojisyèl yo itilize pou teste kòd yo anvan yo aplike yo sou lòt sit. |- |[[Fichye:Toolforge_logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Toolforge_logo.svg/50px-Toolforge_logo.svg.png|centré|sans_cadre|50x50px]] | Toolforge (ansyen toolserver), se ''Wikimedia jesyon cloud computing'' kote ki dedye pou òganize pwojè kominotè yo ( [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|aksè nan paj pwojè a]] ). |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Cloud_Services_logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Wikimedia_Cloud_Services_logo.svg/50px-Wikimedia_Cloud_Services_logo.svg.png|centré|sans_cadre|50x50px]] | Wikimedia Cloud VPS se espas jesyon ''enfòmatik Wikimedia'' ki gen entansyon pou òganize pwojè otonòm ( [[wikitech:Portal:Cloud_VPS|aksè nan paj pwojè a]] ). |- |[[Fichye:KiwixLogo_with_site.png|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/KiwixLogo_with_site.png/90px-KiwixLogo_with_site.png|alt=Logo de Kiwix|centré|sans_cadre|90x90px]] | Kiwix, se lojisyèl òdinatè pou li pwojè Wikimedia offline. | | |} ===Espas enfòmasyon piblik=== Pou kominike ak piblik la an jeneral, Fondasyon Wikimedia gen yon sit enfòmasyon sou gouvènans li<ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=en|titre=Wikimedia Foundation Governance Wiki|url=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Home|site=foundation.wikimedia.org|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref>. E se yon [[sit vitrin]] <ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=en|titre=Wikimedia Foundation|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/|site=Wikimedia Foundation|date=|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref> ki entegre nan yon espas blòg <ref group="N">Depi 2019 [[foundationsite:news|yon nouvo blòg]] fondasyon an pibliye nan sit vitrin li yo epi li kontinye ak [[wmfblog:|ansyen blòg ki toujou aksesib]].</ref>. Menm jan an tou, Asosyasyon Wikimedya Frans <ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=Wikimédia France – Asasosyasyon pou pataj konesans libebè|url=https://www.wikimedia.fr/|site=Wikimédia France|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref> ak Suisse<ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=Accueil|url=https://wikimedia.ch/fr/|site=Wikimedia|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref> tou genyen pwòp sit entènèt yo menm jan ak lòt chapit tankou asosyasyon an Bèlj.<ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=en|titre=Wikimedia België − Belgique − Belgien − Belgium|url=https://be.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Belgium|site=be.wikimedia.org|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref> ak kanadyèn <ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=en|titre=Wikimedia Canada|url=https://ca.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page|site=ca.wikimedia.org|consulté le=2020-01-31}}</ref> sèvi ak yon wiki ke fondasyon an jere. Pafwa li gen ladan l sit li tankou asosyasyon fransèz la <ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=Blog|url=https://www.wikimedia.fr/actualites/|site=Wikimédia France|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref>, anpil blòg prezan tou sou entènèt la tankou sa yo ki nan Wikimedya Bèljik <ref group="W">{{Lien web|titre=Wikimedia Belgique {{!}} Impliquer tout un chacun dans la connaissance libre|url=https://wikimedia.be/|site=wikimedia.be|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref> oswa tou sa ki nan espas "Wikimedia Space"<ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=en|titre=Blog – Wikimedia Space|url=https://space.wmflabs.org/blog/|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref>. Toujou lòt blog yo ka kenbe pa kontribitè oswa lòt oswa ansyen kontribitè. Finalman, sou [[Rezo Sosyal|rezo sosyal]], gen yon pakèt kont ki jere pa asosyasyon, gwoup itilizatè, ak itilizatè aktif nan mouvman Wikimedya. == Kominote Wikimedya a == Fraz la " Kominote Wikimedya » se konplemantè ak sa ki nan « [[Mouvman sosyal|Mouvman]] Wikimedya » <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Konieczny|first=Piotr|date= janvye 2009|title=Wikipedia: Community or social movement?|url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01580966|journal=Interface: a journal for and about social movements|language=en|page=|access-date=2020-01-18}}.</ref> . An pratik, li jeneralman itilize pou defini tout moun ki aktif nan mouvman Wikimedya. Nou pale de kominote editè yo, kominote itilizatè yo, menm kominote volontè nan mitan pwojè yo, alòske ekspresyon "Kominote Wikimedya" yo pral souvan rezève an pratik pou deziyasyon kontribitè aktif nan tout pwojè Wikimedya. Deziyen kòm sa yo, li ka kidonk dekri kòm yon gwoup moun ki souvan pa trè enterese nan patisipe nan aktivite offline, men ki devlope yon sans fò nan an komen ak pouvwa pou pran desizyon nan mouvman an <ref name=":0" group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Jemielniak|first=Dariusz|date=2016|title=Wikimedia movement governance: the limits of a-hierarchical organization|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301663933_Wikimedia_movement_governance_the_limits_of_a-hierarchical_organization|journal=Journal of OrgChange Mgmt Journal of Organizational Change Management|language=en|volume=29|issue=3|page=361–378|issn=0953-4814|access-date=2020-02-01}}.</ref> .<gallery mode="packed"> WMFstratplanSurvey1.png|alt=Graph distribisyon editè Wikipedya pa kategori|viyèt|Fig. 5 : Grafik distribisyon editè Wikipedya pa kategori ( [[UNU-MERIT]], 2009). ED20 - Education level of contributors.png|alt=Grafik distribisyon nivo edikasyon nan kominote Wikimedia a|tihumbnail|Fig. 6 : Grafik distribisyon nivo edikasyon nan kominote Wikimedia (EGalvez (WMF), 2018). ED15 Gender by language project.png|alt=Tablo distribisyon sèks manm kominote Wikimedia selon orijin yo|viyèt|Fig. 7 : Grafik distribisyon sèks manm kominote Wikimedia selon orijin yo (EGalvez (WMF), 2018). ED16 Regional locations for contributors.png|thumbnail|fig. 8.1 : Grafik distribisyon kontribitè yo nan kominote Wikimedia selon orijin yo (EGalvez (WMF), 2018). Geography of Community Audiences for 2018.png|alt=Grafik distribisyon kontribitè yo nan kominote Wikimedia a selon orijin yo|viyèt|Fig. 8.2 : Grafik distribisyon kontribitè yo nan kominote Wikimedia selon orijin yo (EGalvez (WMF), 2018). Age of Community Audiences for 2018.png|alt=Tablo distribisyon laj manm kominote Wikimedia yo selon aktivite yo ak orijin yo|viyèt|Fig. 9 : Grafik distribisyon laj manm kominote Wikimedia selon aktivite yo ak orijin yo (EGalvez (WMF), 2018). </gallery> == Jesyon finansye mouvman == Pi lwen pase sous finansman sa a, mouvman Wikimedya kapab tou resevwa don nan men enstitisyon lokal yo tankou chapit, pwojè tematik, gwoup itilizatè, elatriye. Gen kèk revni finansye ki ka soti nan kanpay sipò yo òganize lokalman <ref group="V">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fApPUJ1Edn4|title=Soutenons la connaissance libre|last=Wikimédia France|date=20 novanm 2018|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-02-04}}.</ref>, kèk ladan yo ka bay aksè a yon dediksyon taks <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://www.wikimedia.fr/soutenir-wikimedia/foire-aux-questions/|title=Foire aux questions|date=|website=Wikimédia France|language=fr|access-date=2020-02-04}}.</ref> . Gen kèk asosyasyon lokal tankou Wikimedia Itali <ref group="W" name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://wiki.wikimedia.it/wiki/Cinque_per_mille|title=Cinque per mille|date=|website=wiki.wikimedia.it|language=it|access-date=2020-02-04}}.</ref> ak Wikimedia Polòy <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://pl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Organizacja_po%C5%BCytku_publicznego|title=Organizacja pożytku publicznego|date=|website=pl.wikimedia.org|language=pl|access-date=2020-02-04}}.</ref> tou benefisye de sipò finansye leta ki soti dirèkteman nan yon pati nan taks kominotè ke sitwayen yo gratis asiyen nan òganizasyon enterè odyans lan. Yon fon dotasyon ki rasanble sòm 43 milyon dola ameriken an Jiyè 2019 se kreye an Me 2016 nan bi pou jenere revni pou sipòte operasyon yo ak aktivite nan pwojè Wikimedia nan tout tan <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Endowment/fr|title=Fonds de dotation Wikimedia - Meta|website=meta.wikimedia.org|access-date=2020-02-02}}.</ref> . Yon pati nan bidjè Fondasyon Wikimedia yo pase tou bay [[Mouvman Wikimedya|asosyasyon lokal yo]] atravè yon [[Mouvman Wikimedya|komite lajan]] <ref name=":4" group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Michaël Szadkowski|date=2014-11-06|title=A quoi sert l'argent donné à Wikipédia ?|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2014/11/06/a-quoi-sert-l-argent-donne-a-wikipedia_4518012_4408996.html|journal=Le Monde.fr|language=fr|page=|access-date=2020-02-03}}.</ref> . Nan ane 2013-2014, komite sa a, avèk èd nan lojisyèl sipò desizyon, te akòde finansman bay moun, gwoup ak asosyasyon nan plis pase 60 pays atravè mond lan, ak 30 communautés . Sepandan, yo kritike sistèm distribisyon sibvansyon an paske li difisil pou moun ki pa gen eksperyans espesifik nan kalite demann sa a, sa ki fè sitiyasyon an pwofitab pou òganizasyon espesyalize deyò mouvman an .<gallery mode="packed"> Fichye:Donations by Continent From FY1819 Wikimedia Fundraising Report.png|alt=Orijin jewografik donasyon yo bay mouvman Wikimedia pa kontinan pou kanpay 2018-2019 la|Fig. 10 : Orijin jewografik donasyon yo bay mouvman Wikimedia pa kontinan pou kanpay 2018-2019 la ( [[Utilisateur:TSkaff (WMF)|TSkaff]], 2019). Fichye:Donation Totals by Sources from FY1819 Wikimedia Fundraising Report.png|alt=Orijin donasyon pou mouvman Wikimedia (TSkaff, 2019).|Fig. 11 : Orijin donasyon pou mouvman Wikimedia ( [[Utilisateur:TSkaff (WMF)|TSkaff]], 2019). Fichye:Évolution des dépenses de la fondation Wikimédia.png|alt=Distribisyon ak evolisyon depans Fondasyon Wikimedia soti 2004 rive 2018|Fig. 12 : Dekonpozisyon ak evolisyon nan depans yo nan Wikimedia Fondasyon an soti nan 2004 a 2018 (Scheepmans, 2019). Fichye:Wikimedia Foundation financial development.svg|alt=Devlopman finansye Fondasyon Wikimedia depi 2003|Fig. 13 : Devlopman finansye Fondasyon Wikimedia depi 2003 ( [[Utilisateur:Sameboat|Sameboat]] et al., 2021).</gallery> == Reprezantasyon grafik == [[Fichye:Mindmap-wikimedia-movement-june-2023.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Mindmap-wikimedia-movement-june-2023.svg/650px-Mindmap-wikimedia-movement-june-2023.svg.png|alt=Carte mentale du mouvement Wikimédia en anglais|droite|vignette|650x650px| Kat mantal mouvman Wikimedia an angle.]] == Nòt ak referans == <references /> ===Nòt=== <references group="N"/> ===Webografi=== <references group="W" /> ===Bibliyografi === <references group="B" /> ===Videyografi=== <references group="V" /> === lyen deyo === * Sit ofisyèl de la fondation Wikimedia. * [[c:TimedText:Knowledge_belongs_to_all_of_us_-_2030.wikimedia.org.webm.en.srt|Videyo ak soutit franse fondasyon Wikimedya k ap prezante mouvman an]]. * [https://wikimediaendowment.org/ Sit pou dotasyon ''Wikimedia Endowment''] * {{En}} [[metawiki:Wikimedia chapters| Wikimedia chapters]] sur [[metawiki:Main Page|MetaWiki]]. Lis chapit ki etabli ak asosyasyon ki vle vin sa. [[Kategori:Wikimedya]] j3xtx8t1lrwxsqk5tjwt31lx33145sn 883237 883235 2026-07-26T18:03:15Z 2600 etc 34425 /* Jeyografi sou entènèt Kominote kontribitè volontè yo */ 883237 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Enstitisyon |non=Mouvman Wikimedya |foto=Wikimedia Community Logo.svg |tèks=Logo Mouvman Wikimedya [[Meta-Wiki]] itlize l |Domèn= [[Mouvman sosyal]] |Dat Fondasyon= 2001 ak kreyasyon [[Wikipedya]] |Zòn Fonksyònman= Anliy }} '''Mouvman''' '''Wikimedya''' se yon [[mouvman sosyal]], entènasyonal ak entè-kominote, ki gen pou misyon pote kontni edikasyon gratis nan lemond antye e pwojè yo plis konnen an lse [[Wikipedya]] . Mo “Wikimedya se non mak ''[[Fondasyon Wikimedya|Wikimedia Fondasyon an]]'', ki enstitisyonèlman sipèvize mouvman an. Misyon fondasyon sa a se pou enspire moun atravè mond lan kolekte epi devlope kontni edikasyon anba lisans gratis oswa nan domèn piblik, epi distribye li efektivman ak globalman. An jeneral, mouvman Wikimedya a pataje vizyon yon monn kote chak moun ka trase ak pataje libe libè tout konesans alawonnbadè. Istwa mouvman Wikimedya la byen lye ak istwa Wikipedya ak pa [[Fondasyon Wikimedya|Fondasyon Wikimedia]] an e li chaje ak anpil epizòd enpòtan, kèk ladan yo nan polemik. Jewografi li yo vire toutotou yon anbyans biznis sou entènèt ak yon anbyans biznis san entènèt . Anbyans sou entènèt la gen ladanl plis pase mil sit entènèt, lis adrès ak chanèl IRC . Kèk nan sit entènèt yo, tankou Wikipedya, gen entansyon pou difizyon konesans, yon lòt pati dedye a jesyon anndan mouvman an, ak yon twazyèm, finalman, esansyèlman dedye a devlopman teknik nan enfrastrikti IT. Esfè san entènèt a, pou pati li, gen ladan plizyè douzèn asosyasyon lokal yo, plizyè santèn gwoup itilizatè yo ak, nan mwa janvye 2020 , de òganizasyon tematik . [[Mouvement Wikimédia|Kominote Wikimedya]] rekonèt tèt li gras a aktè volontè yo ki legalman separe ak anplwaye aktif nan mouvman an. Li byen tache ak prensip [[Etiik|etik]] ak ideyolojik espesifik libète dijital yo epi li genyen plis gason ki te konplete edikasyon siperyè epi ki gen laj mwayèn varye selon aktivite ak orijin jewografik. Mouvman an antye finanse sèlman pa dè milyon donasyon nan men moun, ki monte an mwayèn nan anviwon kenz ero. Siksè kanpay don yo ak desantralizasyon ekstrèm li yo ofri mouvman an gwo endepandans enstitisyonèl ansanm ak yon maj opere trè an sante. == Istwa mouvman an == === Orijin tèm Wikimedya a === Tèm nan "''Wikimedya''» prezante tèt li kòm yon mo pòtay ki gen eleman « [https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/wiki wiki] » se enspire pa mo Awayi « wikiwiki » ki ka tradui an franse pa « rapid rapid » <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/wiki|title=wiki|last=Wiktionnaire|date=|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2019-11-29|archive-date=2020-09-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200905104709/https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/wiki|dead-url=unfit}}.</ref> . Tèm wiki te eritye nan premye lojisyèl koreksyon paj wèb la ki rele WikiWikiWeb . Li te transmèt atravè lojisyèl menm jan an ki rele UseModWiki ki te enstale 10 janvye 2001 sou serveurs konpayi Bomis nan objektif pou pwodwi yon pwojè kolaborasyon ki rele [[Wikipedya|Wikipedia]], objektif prensipal ki se te anrichi Nupedia, yon ansiklopedi komèsyal devlope pa la ak menm konpayi . Ansuit, pwojè Wikipedya a te grandi kòm pwojè Nupedia te abandone, UseModWiki te ranplase pa lojisyèl MediaWiki a, ak tout pwojè kolaborasyon ki pral fèt alantou Wikipedia pral nan vire adopte ekspresyon wiki nan non yo. Nan dat 16 mas 2003, pandan yon diskisyon konsènan posib deklinasyon ansiklopedi a nan lòt kalite pwojè editoryal patisipatif, ekriven Ameriken Sheldon Rampton, te gen lide ajoute nan tèm wiki, ki itilize pa Wikipedia ak sè li pwojè yo. sifiks " [https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/média medya] », nan lide pou make varyete medya ki pwodui ak mobilize sou platfòm wiki ( [[ansiklopedi]], sit nouvèl, [[mizik]], videyo, elatriye. ) <ref name=":42" group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-March/001887.html|title=Re: Current events|last=Rampton|first=Sheldon|date=16 mas 2003|website=web.archive.org|location=Wikipedia English mailing list|archive-date=29 oktòb 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029044620/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-March/001887.html|dead-url=unfit}}.</ref> . Tèm Wikimedya nan lang angle a te fè premye aparisyon li epi pita yo pral itilize pou nonmen fondasyon ki responsab pou sipòte Wikipedya. Ansuit, Florence Devouard te itilize li ankò pou deziyen mouvman sosyal li te wè k ap parèt alantou pwojè fondasyon an sipòte. === Nesans mouvman an === Istwa mouvman Wikimedya la byen lye ak istwa Wikipedya, ki te bay li. An reyalite, nou kapab donk rezime ke nesans mouvman an ka kowenside swa ak lansman pwojè ansiklopedi a 15 janvye 2001, swa ak nesans [[Fondasyon Wikimedya]] 20 jen 2003 . Òganizasyon sa a te fèt pou pote non mouvman an ki li pral asime jesyon administratif Entènasyonal la. Li te parèt apre desizyon [[Jimmy Wales]] te abandone pwojè ansiklopedi komèsyal li a, Nupédia, ki te lanse pa konpayi li a Bomis, epi li te lage reyalizasyon li yo nan yon òganizasyon ki pa pou pwofi. Se poutèt sa Fondasyon Wikimedya a eritye non domèn Wikipedya ak yon konvèsyon copyleft nan copyright konpayi komèsyal Bomis la. Chwa sa a te sètènman motive pa kreyasyon ''Enciclopedia Libre Universal en Español'' ' yon fouchèt vèsyon an lang Panyòl nan Wikipedya 26 fevriye 2002 sitou konteste entèdisyon an, egzistans \ yon liy editoryal <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%C3%A9_estamos_aqu%C3%AD_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org|title=Enciclopedia:Por qué estamos aquí y no en es.wikipedia.org. Artículo de la Enciclopedia.|date=|website=enciclopedia.us.es|language=es|access-date=2019-11-29|archive-date=2010-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412094242/http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%C3%A9_estamos_aqu%C3%AD_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org|dead-url=yes}}.</ref> ak sitou lide pou mete piblisite sou sit Wikipedya a <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Tkacz|first=Nathaniel|date=2011-01-20|title=The Spanish Fork: Wikipedia's ad-fuelled mutiny|url=https://www.wired.co.uk/article/wikipedia-spanish-fork|journal=Wired UK|language=en|page=|issn=1357-0978|access-date=2019-12-23}}.</ref> . Men fraz " Mouvman Wikimedya" a te kapab osi byen make nesans mouvman an nan nivo konsyans fwa sa a. Sa a pa t parèt lè fondasyon an te kreye, men senk ane pita apre yon pwopozisyon Florence Devouard te fè, nan mwa jen 2008 , yon ti tan anvan li kite pozisyon li kòm prezidan fondasyon an <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2008-May/043117.html|title=Candidacy to the board of WMF|last=Florence Devouard|date=19 me 2008|website=lists.wikimedia.org|language=en}}.</ref> . Nan pwopozisyon sa a te gen lide pou modifye sit Wikimedia.org pou fè li yon vitrin pou " Mouvman Wikimedya » dapre prensip sa yo :"Mouvman Wikimedya a, jan m konprann li, se * yon koleksyon valè moun pataje (libète ekspresyon, konesans pou tout moun, pataje kominote, elatriye) * yon seri aktivite (konferans, atelye, wikiacademi elatriye...) * yon koleksyon òganizasyon (Wikimedya Fondasyon, Wikimedya Almay, Wikimedya Taiwan elatriye), osi byen ke kèk espri lib (moun ki san chapit) ak òganizasyon ki gen menm lide”. Nan lane 2020, douz ane apre, sit entènèt Wikimedia.org pral montre mesaj sa a :“Wikimedya se yon mouvman mondyal ki gen misyon pou pote kontni edikasyon gratis nan mond lan. Atravè plizyè pwojè, chapit, ak estrikti sipò Fondasyon Wikimedya, yon òganizasyon ki pa pou pwofi, Wikimedya fè efò pou kreye yon mond kote chak moun ka pataje tout konesans yo libe libè." === Epizòd enpòtan ak anekdòt nan istwa mouvman Wikimedya === [[Fichye:Enseigner_Wikipedia_Par_Les_Anecdotes.ogv|vignette|Videyo 1 : ''Enseigner Wikipédia'' avèk anekdòt se yon seri istwa ki rakonte sou videyo pou konprann ki jan Wikipedya fonksyone. (Alexandre Hocquet, 2017).]] === Plan estratejik, vizyon ak misyon mouvman an === [[Fichye:WMF_StrategicPlan2011_spreads.pdf|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/WMF_StrategicPlan2011_spreads.pdf/page1-220px-WMF_StrategicPlan2011_spreads.pdf.jpg|alt=Plan stratégique du Mouvement Wikimedia, format imprimable.|vignette| Fig 2 : Plan Estratejik 2015 Mouvman Wikimedya a, fòma pdf ( [[Fondasyon Wikimedya|Wikimedia Foundation]], 2011).]] Depi 2004 e apre kreyasyon ''[[Fondasyon Wikimedya|Fondasyon Wikimedia]]'', mouvman Wikimedya a te sibi plizyè plan estratejik . Plan sa yo premye devlope nan nivo premye konsèy direktè yo epi answit konstwi atravè pwosesis kolaborasyon an.Premye nan pwosesis konplèks sa yo te lanse an 2011, lè l sèvi avèk patisipasyon plizyè milye volontè ki gaye atravè mond lan <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Dobusch|first=Leonhard|last2=Mueller-Seitz|first2=Gordon|date=2012-07-01|title=Strategy as a Practice of Thousands: The Case of Wikimedia|url=https://journals.aom.org/doi/abs/10.5465/ambpp.2012.43|journal=Academy of Management Proceedings|language=en|volume=2012|issue=1|page=15572|doi=10.5465/AMBPP.2012.43|issn=0065-0668|access-date=2019-12-23}}.</ref> . Li mennen nan yon plan ki kouvri peryòd 2010 rive 2015 (gade fig. 2. anba a). Pwosesis sa a sèvi ak entèlijans kolektif ak sipò pèsonèl Wikimedya pou idantifye, rafine, ak adrese defi estratejik fondamantal yo pandan y ap fonde yon prensip transparans, kolaborasyon, ak patisipasyon ki satisfè atant moun ki konsène yo <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Heracleous|first=Loizos|last2=Gößwein|first2=Julia|last3=Beaudette|first3=Philippe|date=2018-03-01|title=Open Strategy-Making at the Wikimedia Foundation: A Dialogic Perspective|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886317712665|journal=The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science|language=en|volume=54|issue=1|page=5–35|doi=10.1177/0021886317712665|issn=0021-8863|access-date=2019-12-23}}.</ref> . Yon nouvo plan estratejik ap devlope pou 2030 ak vizyon sa a pou lavni : " Wikimedia pral tounen enfrastrikti prensipal nan [[ekosistèm]] konesans gratis la, epi nenpòt moun ki pataje vizyon nou an ap gen opòtinite pou yo rejwenn nou. » <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2018-20/fr|title=Stratégie/Mouvement Wikimedia/2018-20 - Meta|website=meta.wikimedia.org|language=en|access-date=2019-12-23}}.</ref> . == Jeyografi sou entènèt Kominote kontribitè volontè yo == Nan kòmansman ane 2020, anplis pwojè [[Wikipedya]] ki disponib nan plis pase 300 vèsyon lang <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias/Table#Grand_Total|title=List of Wikipedias/Table - Meta|website=meta.wikimedia.org|access-date=2020-01-22}}.</ref>, Fondasyon Wikimedia gen ladan tou plizyè santèn pwojè sè nan ansiklopedi gratis <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Complete_list_of_Wikimedia_projects|title=Complete list of Wikimedia projects - Meta|date=|website=meta.wikimedia.org|language=en|access-date=2020-01-24}}.</ref> ki gen kantite itilizatè yo ka varye ant 148 pou diksyonè Chaoui a 38 205 495 pou pwojè Wikipedya angle <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=http://wikistats.wmflabs.org/wikimedias_html.php|title=WikiStats - All Wikimedia Projects by Size|website=wikistats.wmflabs.org|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . An total, prèske 900 sit entènèt òganize nan mouvman pou distribye yon total de 364 millions paj wèb <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://wikiscan.org/|title=Wikiscan statistics|website=wikiscan.org|access-date=2020-01-22|archive-date=2021-12-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222233409/http://wikiscan.org/|dead-url=yes}}.</ref> . Chak sit sa yo fonksyone sou yon sistèm jesyon kontni diferan epi ak règleman itilizasyon ki kapab diferan pou kominote kontribitè otonòm yo te pwodwi pou finalman pwodui atik ki gen ladan 74. % ap egziste sèlman nan youn nan 74 versions ki egziste an 2010 <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Hecht B|last2=Gergle D|last3=28th Annual CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems|first3=CHI 2010|date=2010|title=The tower of Babel meets web 2.0: User-generated content and its applications in a multilingual context|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/the-tower-of-babel-meets-web-20-user-generated-content-and-its-applications-in-a-multilingual-context/oclc/646091789&referer=brief_results|journal=Conf Hum Fact Comput Syst Proc Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings|language=English|volume=1|page=291–300|access-date=2020-02-05}}.</ref> . An tèm de règ, pwojè Wikipedya ki pale Alman an sitou gen règ pi sevè pase pwojè ki pale franse a. : ''itilizasyon jis'' pa aplikab, bouyon atik yo pa kenbe, entèdiksyon itilizatè mande pou yon vòt piblik majorite de tyè, elatriye <ref group="N">Voir à ce sujet la [[Wikipédia en allemand#Caractéristiques|section « caractéristique » de l'article consacré à Wikipédia en allemand]].</ref> . Pami tout pwojè sa yo, li posib pou distenge pwojè kontni, pwojè konsyantizasyon ak administrasyon epi finalman pwojè devlopman teknik <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_projects/fr&uselang=fr|title=Wikimedia projects/fr — Meta|website=meta.wikimedia.org|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . === Pwojè kontni ki konsantre sou pataje konesans === Se poutèt sa, ansanm ak Wikipedya, gen tout yon seri pwojè ki vize pataje konesans. Pami sa yo genyen kèk pwojè plizyè lang tankou pwojè ''[[Wikispecies]]'' . Lòt pwojè anplis ke yo pale plizyè lang pral santralize kontni tou ak entansyon pou entegre yo nan lòt pwojè san se pa kopi yo, nan nivo lòt pwojè Wikimedya. Nan dènye ka sa a, nou jwenn pwojè <nowiki><i id="mwAew">Wikimedia commons</i></nowiki> ki responsab santralize fichye imaj, odyo, videyo, elatriye <ref group="V">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDNpUPofYXw|title=Les projets frères de Wikipédia|last=David Crochet|date=12 me 2012|website=Youtube|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> ansanm ak pwojè Wikidata ki konsantre sou tretman enfòmasyon reyalite yo kolekte epi redistribiye sou fòm yon Wikimedia. baz done nivo pwojè <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Vrandečić|first=Denny|last2=Krötzsch|first2=Markus|date=23 septanm 2014|title=Wikidata|url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/fullHtml/10.1145/2629489|journal=Communications of the ACM|language=en|volume=57|issue=10|page=78–85|doi=10.1145/2629489|issn=0001-0782|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . Pwojè ''Wikimedia Incubator'' ak Wikiversity Beta, ki se plizyè lang tou, gen entansyon pou kreye, teste ak lanse nouvo vèsyon lengwistik pwojè editoryal ki deja egziste <ref group="B">{{Cite web|url=https://globalvoices.org/2016/08/28/meet-the-newly-born-tulu-wikipedia-the-23rd-in-a-south-asian-language/|title=Meet the Newly Born Tulu Wikipedia, the 23rd in a South Asian Language!|last=Subhashish Panigrahi|date=2016-08-28|website=Global Voices|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . Apa de nouvo vèsyon lang yo, nouvo pwojè editoryal yo gen chans pou yo pran nesans. Pwojè WikiJournal sou Wikiversity, ki te genyen yon prim piblikasyon 2019 nan kategori piblikasyon ouvè <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://openpublishingawards.org/|title=https://openpublishingawards.org/|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-19|archive-date=2020-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728135235/https://openpublishingawards.org/index.php/wikidata/|dead-url=yes}}.</ref>, se kounye a (fevriye 2020 ) ap tann yon repons nan men Komisyon Konsèy Wikimedya konsènan yon demann pou kreye yon nouvo platfòm entènèt endepandan <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Sister_Project_application_for_Wikimedia_Journals_%28combined_%2B_addendum_1%29.pdf|title=Sister Project application for Wikimedia Journals|last=WikiJournal User Group|date=25 septanm 2019|language=en|access-date=2020-02-19}}.</ref> . Tout pwojè pataje kontni sa yo ki nan lis nan tablo ki anba a <ref name=":0" group="N">Ce tableau est susceptible d'évoluer avec le temps et son contenu actuel est donc sujet à vérification. Les mises à jour de son contenu peuvent être faites notamment au départ de [[Spécial:Matrice des sites|ce tableau officiel automatiquement mis à jour]].</ref> yo gratis, kolaborasyon, endepandan nan jesyon yo, sitou sijè a lisans CC. BY. SA epi toujou konte sou lojisyèl separe MediaWiki nan nivo enfrastrikti IT <ref group="B" name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Fontanills|first=David Gómez|date=2012-05-31|title=Panoràmica de la wikimediasfera|url=https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Digit/article/view/254239|journal=Digithum|language=ca|page=|issn=1575-2275|access-date=2020-02-11}}.</ref> . {| width="100%" | width="5%" |[[Fichye:Commons-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/35px-Commons-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Commons|centré|47x47px| Commons Kay]] | width="45%" | Wikimedia Commons se yon bibliyotèk medya ki santralize dosye yo itilize nan pwojè Wikimedya. | width="5%" |[[Fichye:Wikidata-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/50px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikidata|centré|50x50px| Wikidata Kay]] | width="45%" | Wikidata se yon baz konesans ki gen lisans CC0.<br /> |- valign="top" |[[Fichye:Wikisource-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/48px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikisource|centré|50x50px| Wikisource Kay]] | Pwojè Wikisource yo se bibliyotèk dijital liv nan domèn piblik. |[[Fichye:Wikispecies-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/43px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikispecies|centré|50x50px| Kay nan Wikiespès]] | [[Wikispecies]] se yon anyè espès vivan. |- |[[Fichye:Wiktprintable_without_text.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/50px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wiktionnaire|centré|50x50px| Kay nan Wiktionary]] | Viksyonè yo se [[diksyonè]] deskriptif ak ilistre. |[[Fichye:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/50px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikivoyage|centré|50x50px| Kay nan Wikivoyage]] | Pwojè Wikivoyage se gid touris . |- valign="top" |[[Fichye:Wikiquote-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/42px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikiquote|centré|50x50px| Wikiquote Kay]] | Pwojè Wikiquote yo se koleksyon sitasyon yo. |[[Fichye:Wikibooks-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/50px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png|alt=largeAccueil de Wikilivres|centré|50x50px| largeWikibooks lakay ou]] | Pwojè Wikibooks yo se bibliyotèk liv edikatif ak gid pratik.<br /> |- valign="top" |[[Fichye:Wikinews-logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png|alt=|centré|60x60px| Wikinews Kay]] | Pwojè Wikinouvèl yo se sit nouvèl |[[Fichye:Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/50px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Wikiversité|centré|50x50px| Kay Wikiversity]] | Pwojè Wikiversity yo se kominote edikasyon ak laboratwa syans patisipatif . |- | {| |[[Fichye:Incubator-notext.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/50px-Incubator-logo.svg.png|alt=|centré|63x63px| Wikimedia Incubator Kay]] |} | Wikimedia Incubator se kote pou teste ak lanse nouvo pwojè langaj Wikimedia, eksepte Wikiversity. |[[Fichye:Wikiversity-logo-beta.png|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Wikiversity-logo-beta.png/50px-Wikiversity-logo-beta.png|alt=|centré|sans_cadre|58x58px]] | Wikiversity Beta se platfòm lansman pou nouvo vèsyon lang pwojè Wikiversity. |} === Pwojè èd, kowòdinasyon, jesyon ak pwojè enfòmasyon entèn pou mouvman an === Anplis pwojè pataje kontni, gen tou yon seri espas dijital ki gen entansyon òganize aktivite nan mouvman Wikimedya a. Platfòm Meta-Wiki reprezante, pami lòt bagay, espas pou jere tout sa ki komen nan tout pwojè editoryal, men tou yon kote pou trete kesyon administratif ak politik ki gen rapò ak tout mouvman Wikimedia . Sit sa a se souvan espas kote lòt pwojè dijital entèn mouvman an pral fèt <ref name=":5" group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Fontanills|first=David Gómez|date=2012-05-31|title=Panoràmica de la wikimediasfera|url=https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Digit/article/view/254239|journal=Digithum|language=ca|page=|issn=1575-2275|access-date=2020-02-11}}.</ref> . Genyen tou divès pwojè nan espas dijital Wikimedya a ki pa benefisye yon sit ak non domèn espesifik pou aktivite yo, men ki devlope ak kowòdone nan nivo lòt pwojè pi gwo tankou [[Wikipedya]] . Nan nivo esfè ki pale franse a, kalite pwojè entèn sa a gen ladann Wikimag ak bilten Regard sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia (RAW), de peryodik ki pibliye pa kominote Wikimedia ak pou kominote Wikimedia nan pwojè Wikimedya., pwojè WikiMooc la, yon kou gratis sou entènèt ouvè a tout moun pou aprann kijan pou kontribiye nan Wikipedya, men tou, yon seri pwojè tematik ki souvan patisipe nan antretyen nan pòtay Wikipedya . Finalman, mouvman Wikimedia genyen plizyè santèn lis adrès prive oswa piblik ak plizyè santèn sal chat (IRC) <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/IRC/fr|title=IRC - Meta|website=meta.wikimedia.org|access-date=2020-01-24}}.</ref> ki pèmèt chak gwoup ki kreye nan mouvman an kominike sou sijè ki konsène li. {| |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/50px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Meta-Wiki|centré|50x50px| Meta-Wiki Kay]] | Meta-Wiki se yon sit pou jesyon ak kowòdinasyon jeneral mouvman Wikimedya. |[[Fichye:Wikimania.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Wikimania.svg/50px-Wikimania.svg.png|alt=|centré|61x61px| Wikimania Kay]] | Sit entènèt Wikimania. Wikimedia.org dedye a preparasyon sik konferans anyèl Wikimania ki dedye a mouvman Wikimedia. |- valign="top" |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Outreach.png|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Wikimedia_Outreach.png/70px-Wikimedia_Outreach.png|alt=|centré|70x70px| Kay nan " Sensibilisation »]] | ''Wikimedia Outreach'' se yon sit entènèt ki fèt pou kowòdone pwomosyon pwojè Wikimedya ak patenarya nan mouvman an. |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Space_Hexagon_Sticker.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Wikimedia_Space_Hexagon_Sticker.svg/60px-Wikimedia_Space_Hexagon_Sticker.svg.png|alt=|centré|60x60px| Kay nan " Espas Wikimedia »]] | ''Wikimedia Espas'' se te yon platfòm enfòmasyon, kolaborasyon ak sipò ki gen ladann yon blog ak yon fowòm, ki te fèt pou aktè nan mouvman Wikimedia. |- |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Community_Logo-Mailservices_2.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Wikimedia_Community_Logo-Mailservices_2.svg/50px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo-Mailservices_2.svg.png|centré|sans_cadre|50x50px]] | ''Wikimedia Mailservices'' se paj dakèy pou tout lis adrès Fondasyon Wikimedya kenbe. |[[Fichye:Nuvola_mimetypes_log.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Nuvola_mimetypes_log.svg/50px-Nuvola_mimetypes_log.svg.png|centré|sans_cadre|50x50px]] | ''Wikimedia Statistik'' yo se platfòm enfòmasyon estatistik sou tout pwojè Wikimedia Fondasyon Wikimedia dirije. |- |[[Fichye:Wikipedia_Usability_Initiative_Logo.png|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wikipedia_Usability_Initiative_Logo.png/70px-Wikipedia_Usability_Initiative_Logo.png|centré|sans_cadre|70x70px]] | ''Wikimedia Itilizasyon'' (achiv) se yon espas travay ki dedye a amelyore itilizasyon Wikipedya pou nouvo kontribitè yo. . |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Strategic_Planning_logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Wikimedia_Strategic_Planning_logo.svg/70px-Wikimedia_Strategic_Planning_logo.svg.png|alt=Logo du site Wikimédia strategy|centré|sans_cadre|70x70px]] | Planifikasyon estratejik Wikimedia (achiv) se sit ki te itilize depi 2009 pou rive 2010 pou devlopman plan estratejik 2010-2015 la. . |} === Pwojè jesyon teknik === Pou jere aspè teknik ak IT li yo, mouvman Wikimedya gen yon seri sit dedye tou. Sit Phabricator Wikimedia, te lanse nan mwa septanm 2014 epi ki baze sou lojisyèl gratis pa menm non an, yo itilize pou fè fas ak pinèz ak lòt travay nan mouvman Wikimedya ki pa nesesèman dwe teknik <ref group="B">{{Cite web|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2014/11/24/welcome-to-phabricator-wikimedias-new-collaboration-platform/|title=Welcome to Phabricator, Wikimedia’s new collaboration platform|last=Quim Gil|date=24 novanm 2014|website=''Wikimedia Foundation News''|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . Sit MediaWiki a se yon lòt platfòm plizyè lang ki dedye a devlopman kolaborasyon ak dokiman ki konsène lojisyèl MediaWiki a, ki itilize nan tout pwojè editoryal Wikimedya, men tou pa anpil lòt moun ki gen enterè, ki rankontre regilyèman nan konferans espesyalman dedye a lojisyèl an <ref group="B">{{Cite web|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2019/05/01/mediawiki-is-the-software-that-underpins-wikipedia-this-conference-shows-all-the-other-ways-it-can-be-used/|title=MediaWiki is the software that underpins Wikipedia. This conference shows all the other ways it can be used.|last=David Stine|date=1 janvye 2019|website=Wikimedia Foundation News|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . Sit Wikitech la, pandan se tan, se yon platfòm pou enfòmasyon ak konsèy teknik sou ''Wikimedia Cloud Services (WMCS)'' <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Cloud_Services_Introduction|title=Help:Cloud Services Introduction - Wikitech|date=|website=wikitech.wikimedia.org|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> yo itilize nan mwa janvye 2020 pa plis pase 16 000 personnes <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://tools.wmflabs.org/openstack-browser/|title=OpenStack browser|date=|website=tools.wmflabs.org|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref>, bay aksè nan dumps ak sistèm jesyon baz done nan pwojè Wikimedya <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page|title=Wikitech|date=|website=wikitech.wikimedia.org|language=en|access-date=2020-01-31}}.</ref> . Pwojè Kiwix la, finalman, ofri lojisyèl ki pèmèt aksè nan Wikipedya, pwojè sè li yo ak anpil lòt resous edikatif san yo pa gen koneksyon Entènèt nan tout peyi nan mond lan <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Ulmi|first=Nic|date=2015-11-27|title=Une Wikipédia pour les lieux à l’écart du Web|url=https://www.letemps.ch/societe/une-wikipedia-lieux-lecart-web|journal=Le Temps|language=fr|issn=1423-3967|access-date=2020-02-05}}.</ref> e menm nan prizon <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Koch|first=Simon|date=2013-06-18|title=Wikipédia fait de la prison en Suisse|url=https://www.lematin.ch/high-tech/wikipedia-prison-suisse/story/11492555|journal=Le Matin|language=fr|issn=1018-3736|access-date=2020-02-05|archive-date=2020-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205135524/https://www.lematin.ch/high-tech/wikipedia-prison-suisse/story/11492555|dead-url=yes}}.</ref> . Pwojè jesyon teknik yo rezime nan tablo ki anba a <ref name=":1" group="N">Ce tableau est susceptible d'évoluer avec le temps et son contenu actuel est donc sujet à vérification. Une mises à jour est possible au départ des sources précitées.</ref> . {| |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Phabricator_logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Wikimedia_Phabricator_logo.svg/50px-Wikimedia_Phabricator_logo.svg.png|alt=Accueil de Phabricator|centré|50x50px| Phabricator Kay]] | Wikimedia Phabricator se yon platfòm kolaborasyon ki louvri pou tout kontribitè Wikimedya yo itilize pou jere travay ki gen rapò ak lojisyèl, men inisyativ ki pa teknik yo akeyi. |[[Fichye:MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg/60px-MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg.png|alt=Accueil de MediaWiki|centré|60x60px|MediaWiki Kay]] | Sit MediaWiki se yon platfòm devlopman ak dokimantasyon pou lojisyèl MediaWiki, tout pwojè editoryal Wikimedia yo itilize. |- |[[Fichye:Wikitech-2021-blue-icon.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Wikitech-2021-blue-icon.svg/60px-Wikitech-2021-blue-icon.svg.png|centré|sans_cadre|60x60px]] | Wikitech se yon platfòm ki gen entansyon dokimante pwojè IT ak enfrastrikti pou ede mouvman Wikimedya, ki te òganize sou nwaj la pa Fondasyon Wikimedya. |[[Fichye:Test_wiki_logo_notext.png|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Test_wiki_logo_notext.png/50px-Test_wiki_logo_notext.png|alt=Accueil de « Test Wiki »|centré|50x50px| Kay nan " Tès Wiki »]] | Tès Wiki se yon sit Wikimedia devlopè lojisyèl yo itilize pou teste kòd yo anvan yo aplike yo sou lòt sit. |- |[[Fichye:Toolforge_logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Toolforge_logo.svg/50px-Toolforge_logo.svg.png|centré|sans_cadre|50x50px]] | Toolforge (ansyen toolserver), se ''Wikimedia jesyon cloud computing'' kote ki dedye pou òganize pwojè kominotè yo ( [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|aksè nan paj pwojè a]] ). |[[Fichye:Wikimedia_Cloud_Services_logo.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Wikimedia_Cloud_Services_logo.svg/50px-Wikimedia_Cloud_Services_logo.svg.png|centré|sans_cadre|50x50px]] | Wikimedia Cloud VPS se espas jesyon ''enfòmatik Wikimedia'' ki gen entansyon pou òganize pwojè otonòm ( [[wikitech:Portal:Cloud_VPS|aksè nan paj pwojè a]] ). |- |[[Fichye:KiwixLogo_with_site.png|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/KiwixLogo_with_site.png/90px-KiwixLogo_with_site.png|alt=Logo de Kiwix|centré|sans_cadre|90x90px]] | Kiwix, se lojisyèl òdinatè pou li pwojè Wikimedia offline. | | |} ===Espas enfòmasyon piblik=== Pou kominike ak piblik la an jeneral, Fondasyon Wikimedia gen yon sit enfòmasyon sou gouvènans li<ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=en|titre=Wikimedia Foundation Governance Wiki|url=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Home|site=foundation.wikimedia.org|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref>. E se yon [[sit vitrin]] <ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=en|titre=Wikimedia Foundation|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/|site=Wikimedia Foundation|date=|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref> ki entegre nan yon espas blòg <ref group="N">Depi 2019 [[foundationsite:news|yon nouvo blòg]] fondasyon an pibliye nan sit vitrin li yo epi li kontinye ak [[wmfblog:|ansyen blòg ki toujou aksesib]].</ref>. Menm jan an tou, Asosyasyon Wikimedya Frans <ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=Wikimédia France – Asasosyasyon pou pataj konesans libebè|url=https://www.wikimedia.fr/|site=Wikimédia France|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref> ak Suisse<ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=Accueil|url=https://wikimedia.ch/fr/|site=Wikimedia|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref> tou genyen pwòp sit entènèt yo menm jan ak lòt chapit tankou asosyasyon an Bèlj.<ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=en|titre=Wikimedia België − Belgique − Belgien − Belgium|url=https://be.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Belgium|site=be.wikimedia.org|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref> ak kanadyèn <ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=en|titre=Wikimedia Canada|url=https://ca.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page|site=ca.wikimedia.org|consulté le=2020-01-31}}</ref> sèvi ak yon wiki ke fondasyon an jere. Pafwa li gen ladan l sit li tankou asosyasyon fransèz la <ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=Blog|url=https://www.wikimedia.fr/actualites/|site=Wikimédia France|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref>, anpil blòg prezan tou sou entènèt la tankou sa yo ki nan Wikimedya Bèljik <ref group="W">{{Lien web|titre=Wikimedia Belgique {{!}} Impliquer tout un chacun dans la connaissance libre|url=https://wikimedia.be/|site=wikimedia.be|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref> oswa tou sa ki nan espas "Wikimedia Space"<ref group="W">{{Lien web|langue=en|titre=Blog – Wikimedia Space|url=https://space.wmflabs.org/blog/|consulté le=2020-01-31}}.</ref>. Toujou lòt blog yo ka kenbe pa kontribitè oswa lòt oswa ansyen kontribitè. Finalman, sou [[Rezo Sosyal|rezo sosyal]], gen yon pakèt kont ki jere pa asosyasyon, gwoup itilizatè, ak itilizatè aktif nan mouvman Wikimedya. == Kominote Wikimedya a == Fraz la " Kominote Wikimedya » se konplemantè ak sa ki nan « [[Mouvman sosyal|Mouvman]] Wikimedya » <ref group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Konieczny|first=Piotr|date= janvye 2009|title=Wikipedia: Community or social movement?|url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01580966|journal=Interface: a journal for and about social movements|language=en|page=|access-date=2020-01-18}}.</ref> . An pratik, li jeneralman itilize pou defini tout moun ki aktif nan mouvman Wikimedya. Nou pale de kominote editè yo, kominote itilizatè yo, menm kominote volontè nan mitan pwojè yo, alòske ekspresyon "Kominote Wikimedya" yo pral souvan rezève an pratik pou deziyasyon kontribitè aktif nan tout pwojè Wikimedya. Deziyen kòm sa yo, li ka kidonk dekri kòm yon gwoup moun ki souvan pa trè enterese nan patisipe nan aktivite offline, men ki devlope yon sans fò nan an komen ak pouvwa pou pran desizyon nan mouvman an <ref name=":0" group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Jemielniak|first=Dariusz|date=2016|title=Wikimedia movement governance: the limits of a-hierarchical organization|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301663933_Wikimedia_movement_governance_the_limits_of_a-hierarchical_organization|journal=Journal of OrgChange Mgmt Journal of Organizational Change Management|language=en|volume=29|issue=3|page=361–378|issn=0953-4814|access-date=2020-02-01}}.</ref> .<gallery mode="packed"> WMFstratplanSurvey1.png|alt=Graph distribisyon editè Wikipedya pa kategori|viyèt|Fig. 5 : Grafik distribisyon editè Wikipedya pa kategori ( [[UNU-MERIT]], 2009). ED20 - Education level of contributors.png|alt=Grafik distribisyon nivo edikasyon nan kominote Wikimedia a|tihumbnail|Fig. 6 : Grafik distribisyon nivo edikasyon nan kominote Wikimedia (EGalvez (WMF), 2018). ED15 Gender by language project.png|alt=Tablo distribisyon sèks manm kominote Wikimedia selon orijin yo|viyèt|Fig. 7 : Grafik distribisyon sèks manm kominote Wikimedia selon orijin yo (EGalvez (WMF), 2018). ED16 Regional locations for contributors.png|thumbnail|fig. 8.1 : Grafik distribisyon kontribitè yo nan kominote Wikimedia selon orijin yo (EGalvez (WMF), 2018). Geography of Community Audiences for 2018.png|alt=Grafik distribisyon kontribitè yo nan kominote Wikimedia a selon orijin yo|viyèt|Fig. 8.2 : Grafik distribisyon kontribitè yo nan kominote Wikimedia selon orijin yo (EGalvez (WMF), 2018). Age of Community Audiences for 2018.png|alt=Tablo distribisyon laj manm kominote Wikimedia yo selon aktivite yo ak orijin yo|viyèt|Fig. 9 : Grafik distribisyon laj manm kominote Wikimedia selon aktivite yo ak orijin yo (EGalvez (WMF), 2018). </gallery> == Jesyon finansye mouvman == Pi lwen pase sous finansman sa a, mouvman Wikimedya kapab tou resevwa don nan men enstitisyon lokal yo tankou chapit, pwojè tematik, gwoup itilizatè, elatriye. Gen kèk revni finansye ki ka soti nan kanpay sipò yo òganize lokalman <ref group="V">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fApPUJ1Edn4|title=Soutenons la connaissance libre|last=Wikimédia France|date=20 novanm 2018|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-02-04}}.</ref>, kèk ladan yo ka bay aksè a yon dediksyon taks <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://www.wikimedia.fr/soutenir-wikimedia/foire-aux-questions/|title=Foire aux questions|date=|website=Wikimédia France|language=fr|access-date=2020-02-04}}.</ref> . Gen kèk asosyasyon lokal tankou Wikimedia Itali <ref group="W" name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://wiki.wikimedia.it/wiki/Cinque_per_mille|title=Cinque per mille|date=|website=wiki.wikimedia.it|language=it|access-date=2020-02-04}}.</ref> ak Wikimedia Polòy <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://pl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Organizacja_po%C5%BCytku_publicznego|title=Organizacja pożytku publicznego|date=|website=pl.wikimedia.org|language=pl|access-date=2020-02-04}}.</ref> tou benefisye de sipò finansye leta ki soti dirèkteman nan yon pati nan taks kominotè ke sitwayen yo gratis asiyen nan òganizasyon enterè odyans lan. Yon fon dotasyon ki rasanble sòm 43 milyon dola ameriken an Jiyè 2019 se kreye an Me 2016 nan bi pou jenere revni pou sipòte operasyon yo ak aktivite nan pwojè Wikimedia nan tout tan <ref group="W">{{Cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Endowment/fr|title=Fonds de dotation Wikimedia - Meta|website=meta.wikimedia.org|access-date=2020-02-02}}.</ref> . Yon pati nan bidjè Fondasyon Wikimedia yo pase tou bay [[Mouvman Wikimedya|asosyasyon lokal yo]] atravè yon [[Mouvman Wikimedya|komite lajan]] <ref name=":4" group="B">{{Cite journal|last=Michaël Szadkowski|date=2014-11-06|title=A quoi sert l'argent donné à Wikipédia ?|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2014/11/06/a-quoi-sert-l-argent-donne-a-wikipedia_4518012_4408996.html|journal=Le Monde.fr|language=fr|page=|access-date=2020-02-03}}.</ref> . Nan ane 2013-2014, komite sa a, avèk èd nan lojisyèl sipò desizyon, te akòde finansman bay moun, gwoup ak asosyasyon nan plis pase 60 pays atravè mond lan, ak 30 communautés . Sepandan, yo kritike sistèm distribisyon sibvansyon an paske li difisil pou moun ki pa gen eksperyans espesifik nan kalite demann sa a, sa ki fè sitiyasyon an pwofitab pou òganizasyon espesyalize deyò mouvman an .<gallery mode="packed"> Fichye:Donations by Continent From FY1819 Wikimedia Fundraising Report.png|alt=Orijin jewografik donasyon yo bay mouvman Wikimedia pa kontinan pou kanpay 2018-2019 la|Fig. 10 : Orijin jewografik donasyon yo bay mouvman Wikimedia pa kontinan pou kanpay 2018-2019 la ( [[Utilisateur:TSkaff (WMF)|TSkaff]], 2019). Fichye:Donation Totals by Sources from FY1819 Wikimedia Fundraising Report.png|alt=Orijin donasyon pou mouvman Wikimedia (TSkaff, 2019).|Fig. 11 : Orijin donasyon pou mouvman Wikimedia ( [[Utilisateur:TSkaff (WMF)|TSkaff]], 2019). Fichye:Évolution des dépenses de la fondation Wikimédia.png|alt=Distribisyon ak evolisyon depans Fondasyon Wikimedia soti 2004 rive 2018|Fig. 12 : Dekonpozisyon ak evolisyon nan depans yo nan Wikimedia Fondasyon an soti nan 2004 a 2018 (Scheepmans, 2019). Fichye:Wikimedia Foundation financial development.svg|alt=Devlopman finansye Fondasyon Wikimedia depi 2003|Fig. 13 : Devlopman finansye Fondasyon Wikimedia depi 2003 ( [[Utilisateur:Sameboat|Sameboat]] et al., 2021).</gallery> == Reprezantasyon grafik == [[Fichye:Mindmap-wikimedia-movement-june-2023.svg|lien=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Mindmap-wikimedia-movement-june-2023.svg/650px-Mindmap-wikimedia-movement-june-2023.svg.png|alt=Carte mentale du mouvement Wikimédia en anglais|droite|vignette|650x650px| Kat mantal mouvman Wikimedia an angle.]] == Nòt ak referans == <references /> ===Nòt=== <references group="N"/> ===Webografi=== <references group="W" /> ===Bibliyografi === <references group="B" /> ===Videyografi=== <references group="V" /> === lyen deyo === * Sit ofisyèl de la fondation Wikimedia. * [[c:TimedText:Knowledge_belongs_to_all_of_us_-_2030.wikimedia.org.webm.en.srt|Videyo ak soutit franse fondasyon Wikimedya k ap prezante mouvman an]]. * [https://wikimediaendowment.org/ Sit pou dotasyon ''Wikimedia Endowment''] * {{En}} [[metawiki:Wikimedia chapters| Wikimedia chapters]] sur [[metawiki:Main Page|MetaWiki]]. Lis chapit ki etabli ak asosyasyon ki vle vin sa. [[Kategori:Wikimedya]] 75getxgv4u8ex8jmitwgym3gbtg9ebw 0 88075 883287 826963 2026-07-27T08:22:51Z Sàádî 39436 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:US Navy CW4 insignia.svg]] → [[File:US Navy W4 insignia.svg]] [[c:COM:FR#FR4|Criterion 4]] (harmonizing names of file set) 883287 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kòd OTAN pou grad ofisyèl marin militè yo''' defini ekivalans ran ant ran ofisye manm fòs naval nasyonal yo nan [[Òganizasyon Trete Atlantik Nò]]. Kòd OTAN sa yo ki gen rapò ak ran ofisye yo konpoze de de lèt majiskil ('''OF''' pour '''''OF'''ficer'' et '''WO''' pour '''''W'''arrant '''O'''fficer'') ki te swiv pa yon endèks nimerik ant 1 ak 10 pou OF ak 1 ak 5 pou WOà. == Kòd pou ofisye yo (OF 1-10) == == Kòd pou Ofisye Ajan (OW1-5) == {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" !NATO Kòd||WO-5||WO-4||WO-3||WO-2||WO-1 |- ! rowspan=2| {{flagicon|Etazini}} [[Lamarin Etazini|Etazini]] | [[File:US Navy CW5 insignia.svg|50px]] | [[File:US Navy W4 insignia.svg|50px]] | [[File:US Navy CW3 insignia.svg|50px]] | [[File:US Navy CW2 insignia.svg|50px]] | [[File:US Navy WO1 insignia.svg|50px]] |- | ''Ofisye anchèf 5'' | ''Ofisye anchèf 4'' | ''Ofisye anchèf 3'' | ''Ofisye anchèf 2'' | ''Ajan ofisye 1'' |- !NATO Kòd||WO-5||WO-4||WO-3||WO-2||WO-1 |} Warrant Officers (WO) se yon klasifikasyon ki itilize sèlman nan Etazini<ref>[http://www.tradoc.mil.al/Standartizimi/Downloads/2116E%20ed6.pdf NATO STANAG 2116 Edisyon 6 Nòt 6]</ref>. ==Referans== {{Références}} i4u90v1cu6dwelbucjpbz5tqs3u7ptv 0 95521 883227 881664 2026-07-26T12:03:19Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 883227 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anzata Ouattara''' se yon [[jounalis]] ak [[ekriven]] ki soti nan peyi [[Kòt divwa|kotdivwa]] ki fèt yon 12 janvye nan lane 1974 nan vilBondoukou, nan nòdès [[kòt divwa]] . Anzata Ouattara se youn nan ekriven yo pi li nan [[Afrik lwès|Lafrik di Lwès]], li genyen plizyè prim nan palmares .zev li yo e pami pi bon yo e yo pami sa ki vann plis yo nan rezo gwoup Libreri peyi lafrans, patikilyèman volim 1, 4 ak 5 nan " Kou lavi yo » ki te pi bon vann nan 2009, 2011 ak 2013 respektivman <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/articles/627293/la-journaliste-ecrivaine-anzata-ouattara-presente-ses-oeuvres-a-bondoukou|title=La journaliste-écrivaine Anzata Ouattara présente ses œuvres à Bondoukou - Abidjan.net News|website=news.abidjan.net|language=fr|access-date=2024-03-30|archive-date=2024-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330100116/https://news.abidjan.net/articles/627293/la-journaliste-ecrivaine-anzata-ouattara-presente-ses-oeuvres-a-bondoukou|dead-url=yes}}.</ref> . Kounye a li se patwon Trophée des Plumes 2021 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://orangemoney.fr/anzata-ouattara/|title=Anzata Ouattara|date=15-05-2021|website=Orange Money Europe transfert d'argent|access-date=13-11-2023}}.</ref>, konpetisyon ekriti ki te òganize pa Orange Money ak YouScribe . Li te tou dekore nan dènye Fespaco, festival fim ak [[televizyon]] [[Ouagadougou]] . Kòm yon prelid pou ouvèti ofisyèl 12 edisyon Fwa Entènasyonal Liv [[Abidjan]] (Sila), pri piblikasyon Sila te ale nan edisyon Mouna gras ak travay Anzata Ouattara ki rele [https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/agba Agba] le [[Manyòk dous|manioc]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fratmat.info/article/220696/culture/litteacuterature/sila-2022-les-resultats-de-plusieurs-prix-litteraires-et-dedition-proclames|title=You are being redirected...|website=fratmat.info|access-date=2022-07-16}}.</ref> . * Oska pou Kominikasyon Zanzan <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ladiplomatiquedabidjan.com/index.php/international/item/355-oscars-de-la-communication-du-zanzan-anzata-ouattara-la-consecration-par-son-unique-peche|title=Oscars de la communication du Zanzan : Anzata Ouattara, la consécration par son "Unique péché"|access-date=2016-09-24|archive-date=2016-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927000527/http://ladiplomatiquedabidjan.com/index.php/international/item/355-oscars-de-la-communication-du-zanzan-anzata-ouattara-la-consecration-par-son-unique-peche|dead-url=yes}}.</ref> . * Pri libreri Lafransnan lane 2013 pou moun ki vann plis liv <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.abidjan.net/h/561813.html|title=Chronique : Altiné… mon unique péché de Anzata Ouattara : La guerre du cœur contre les règles !|access-date=2016-09-24|archive-date=2017-02-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217022911/http://news.abidjan.net/h/561813.html|dead-url=yes}}.</ref> . * Pri Michel Kouamé Super Prize poupi bon jounalis lane 2017 la <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/articles/624956/anzata-ouattara-sacree-meilleure-journaliste-de-la-region-du-gontougo|title=Anzata Ouattara sacrée meilleure journaliste de la région du Gontougo - Abidjan.net News|website=news.abidjan.net|language=fr|access-date=2024-03-30|archive-date=2024-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330120819/https://news.abidjan.net/articles/624956/anzata-ouattara-sacree-meilleure-journaliste-de-la-region-du-gontougo|dead-url=yes}}.</ref> . * 3yèm plas pou Pri pou Ekselans nan Literati nan lane 2022 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://djasso.com/cote-drivoire-litterature-anzata-ouattara-decroche-un-autre-prix-apres-celui-du-sila-a16541353371.html|title=Côte d’Ivoire/ Littérature: Anzata Ouattara décroche un autre prix après celui du SILA. - Arts & Cultures|website=DJASSO.COM|language=fr|access-date=2024-03-30}}.</ref> . == Nòt ak referans yo == a6s5drcdw1zx15wowa56gsynts4fvbn 0 97548 883229 881648 2026-07-26T16:00:25Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 883229 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bactrocera apicofuscans''' se yon [[espès]] [[ensèk]] ''[[Bactrocera]]'', [[Fanmi (biyoloji)|fanmi]] [[Tephritidae]], [[Òd (biyoloji)|òd]] [[mouch]]. Li te dekri syantifikman pa Tsuruta & White, 2001.<ref name=GBIF>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera apicofuscans''| url=https://www.gbif.org/search?q=Bactrocera%20apicofuscans| website=GBIF |access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=BioLib>{{en}} {{cite web|title=''Bactrocera apicofuscans''|url=https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+apicofuscans|website=BioLib|access-date=5 jen 2026|archive-date=2025-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250926215217/https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+apicofuscans|dead-url=yes}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=COL>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera apicofuscans'' |url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/all/key/Bactrocera+apicofuscans |website=Catalogue of Life|access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref> == Referans == {{referans}} == Lyen deyò == [[Kategori:Bactrocera|apicofuscans]] fdidk2m176n9bj4op98jfio4lscdhjd 0 97549 883230 881649 2026-07-26T16:01:02Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 883230 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bactrocera apiconigroscutella''' se yon [[espès]] [[ensèk]] ''[[Bactrocera]]'', [[Fanmi (biyoloji)|fanmi]] [[Tephritidae]], [[Òd (biyoloji)|òd]] [[mouch]]. Li te dekri syantifikman pa Drew & Raghu, 2002.<ref name=GBIF>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera apiconigroscutella''| url=https://www.gbif.org/search?q=Bactrocera%20apiconigroscutella| website=GBIF |access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=BioLib>{{en}} {{cite web|title=''Bactrocera apiconigroscutella''|url=https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+apiconigroscutella|website=BioLib|access-date=5 jen 2026|archive-date=2025-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250926202416/https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+apiconigroscutella|dead-url=yes}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=COL>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera apiconigroscutella'' |url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/all/key/Bactrocera+apiconigroscutella |website=Catalogue of Life|access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref> == Referans == {{referans}} == Lyen deyò == [[Kategori:Bactrocera|apiconigroscutella]] 4eitrb406cg8zn7fdk67vzs1imxje1y 0 97550 883231 881650 2026-07-26T16:01:44Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 883231 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bactrocera aquila''' se yon [[espès]] [[ensèk]] ''[[Bactrocera]]'', [[Fanmi (biyoloji)|fanmi]] [[Tephritidae]], [[Òd (biyoloji)|òd]] [[mouch]]. Li te dekri syantifikman pa Drew, 1989.<ref name=GBIF>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera aquila''| url=https://www.gbif.org/search?q=Bactrocera%20aquila| website=GBIF |access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=BioLib>{{en}} {{cite web|title=''Bactrocera aquila''|url=https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+aquila|website=BioLib|access-date=5 jen 2026|archive-date=2025-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250928210206/https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+aquila|dead-url=yes}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=COL>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera aquila'' |url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/all/key/Bactrocera+aquila |website=Catalogue of Life|access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref> == Referans == {{referans}} == Lyen deyò == [[Kategori:Bactrocera|aquila]] 5zhvexqocdlimthhs8lbk9w2mql55ih 0 97551 883232 881651 2026-07-26T16:02:30Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 883232 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bactrocera aquilonis''' se yon [[espès]] [[ensèk]] ''[[Bactrocera]]'', [[Fanmi (biyoloji)|fanmi]] [[Tephritidae]], [[Òd (biyoloji)|òd]] [[mouch]]. Li te dekri syantifikman pa May, 1965.<ref name=GBIF>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera aquilonis''| url=https://www.gbif.org/search?q=Bactrocera%20aquilonis| website=GBIF |access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=BioLib>{{en}} {{cite web|title=''Bactrocera aquilonis''|url=https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+aquilonis|website=BioLib|access-date=5 jen 2026|archive-date=2025-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250929013930/https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+aquilonis|dead-url=yes}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=COL>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera aquilonis'' |url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/all/key/Bactrocera+aquilonis |website=Catalogue of Life|access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref> == Referans == {{referans}} == Lyen deyò == [[Kategori:Bactrocera|aquilonis]] 6uilbxoi4xdnk7gil87cim4tqpjf8rw 0 97552 883233 881652 2026-07-26T16:03:15Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 883233 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bactrocera arecae''' se yon [[espès]] [[ensèk]] ''[[Bactrocera]]'', [[Fanmi (biyoloji)|fanmi]] [[Tephritidae]], [[Òd (biyoloji)|òd]] [[mouch]]. Li te dekri syantifikman pa Hardy & Adachi, 1954.<ref name=GBIF>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera arecae''| url=https://www.gbif.org/search?q=Bactrocera%20arecae| website=GBIF |access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=BioLib>{{en}} {{cite web|title=''Bactrocera arecae''|url=https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+arecae|website=BioLib|access-date=5 jen 2026|archive-date=2025-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250926100212/https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+arecae|dead-url=yes}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=COL>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera arecae'' |url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/all/key/Bactrocera+arecae |website=Catalogue of Life|access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref> == Referans == {{referans}} == Lyen deyò == [[Kategori:Bactrocera|arecae]] bmsjk9fjjyaux2f2sjavsg00ddtwqj8 0 97553 883234 881653 2026-07-26T16:03:55Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 883234 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bactrocera areolata''' se yon [[espès]] [[ensèk]] ''[[Bactrocera]]'', [[Fanmi (biyoloji)|fanmi]] [[Tephritidae]], [[Òd (biyoloji)|òd]] [[mouch]]. Li te dekri syantifikman pa Walker, 1861.<ref name=GBIF>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera areolata''| url=https://www.gbif.org/search?q=Bactrocera%20areolata| website=GBIF |access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=BioLib>{{en}} {{cite web|title=''Bactrocera areolata''|url=https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+areolata|website=BioLib|access-date=5 jen 2026|archive-date=2025-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250928213753/https://www.biolib.cz/en/formsearch/?action=execute&searcharea=1&string=bactrocera+areolata|dead-url=yes}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name=COL>{{en}} {{cite web| title=''Bactrocera areolata'' |url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/all/key/Bactrocera+areolata |website=Catalogue of Life|access-date=5 jen 2026}}</ref> == Referans == {{referans}} == Lyen deyò == [[Kategori:Bactrocera|areolata]] hgg6lfn8yo67ermt8mw19fv3jbd9cau 0 97741 883226 883130 2026-07-26T12:00:56Z InternetArchiveBot 25431 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 883226 wikitext text/x-wiki Anviwònman an (ansanm eleman vivan ak eleman ki pa vivan ki antoure yon moun oswa yon espès) jwe yon wòl enpòtan nan bay kondisyon nesesè pou lavi ak siviv li nan Repiblik Demokratik Kongo (RDK). Akòz gwo sifas teritwa li, pozisyon estratejik li nan sant Afrik la, richès resous natirèl li yo ak gwo popilasyon li, Repiblik Demokratik Kongo (RDK) se youn nan « gwo jeyan » kontinan afriken an. Konplèks forè Basen Kongo a, ki kouvri RDK a ansanm ak senk lòt peyi, se dezyèm pi gwo poumon vèt sou planèt la. Li fòme sitou ak forè twopikal dans ki gen yon gwo divèsite biyolojik. Pak Nasyonal Virunga a, ki te kreye an 1925, se pi ansyen rezèv natirèl ann Afrik. An 2019, yo te konsidere nivo destriksyon forè primè yo nan RDK a kòm yon sitiyasyon ki te vin patikilyèman enkyetan. == Biodivèsite nan Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a == [[Fichye:La_rivière_Lulilaka,_parc_national_de_Salonga,_2005.jpg|vignette|Rivyè Lwilaka a, nan Pak Nasyonal Salonga .]] [[Fichye:Okapi2.jpg|vignette|Okapi ki soti nan Animal Kingdom Disney a]] [[Fichye:B103_pondi700.jpg|vignette|''Nymphaea lotus'']] [[Fichye:Cyperus.papyrus(01).jpg|vignette|papiris]] [[Fichye:DRC_Relief.jpg|vignette|Chèn mòn nan Lès la.]] Repiblik Demokratik Kongo (RDK) etann soti nan Oseyan Atlantik rive nan plato lès yo, epi li anglobe pi gwo pati nan basen Rivyè Kongo a, ki se dezyèm pi gwo basen rivyè nan mond lan apre Amazon an. Gen twa kalite klima prensipal nan peyi a: klima ekwatoryal la, klima twopikal la ak klima montay la. Tè a, relèf la ak kondisyon klimatik RDK a detèmine prensipal zòn vejetasyon peyi a, tankou forè, savann, zòn ak ti pyebwa, ak vejetasyon montay. Konplèks forè Basen Kongo a, ki kouvri [[Kongo (Kinchasa)|Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a]] ak senk lòt peyi, se dezyèm pi gwo poumon vèt sou planèt la. Li konsiste de forè twopikal . Nan sid ak nan sant peyi a, zòn savann ki gen pye bwa yo fòme yon plato ki wo. Lès peyi a gen fontyè ak Gran Vale Rift la, yon rejyon ki gen [[mòn]], ti mòn, Gran Lak, epi tou [[vòlkan]] .<center> '''Kat jeyografik karakteristik jewografik RDC a :'''<gallery> Fichye:Congo-Kinshasa_-_Relief.png|lien=Fichier:Congo-Kinshasa_-_Relief.png|alt=Le relief de la RDC| Topografi RDC a Fichye:Fleuve_rdc.svg|lien=Fichier:Fleuve_rdc.svg|alt=Le fleuve Congo et ses affluents| Rivyè Kongo a ak afliyan li yo Fichye:Vegetation_rdc.svg|lien=Fichier:Vegetation_rdc.svg|alt=La végétation de la RDC| Vejetasyon nan RDC a Fichye:Pluie_rdc.svg|lien=Fichier:Pluie_rdc.svg|alt=Les précipitations en RDC| Lapli nan RDC a </gallery></center>Anpil rivyè irige tout teritwa a. Lak prensipal Repiblik Demokratik Kongo yo jeneralman divize an twa gwoup. : * Lak plato yo ( Moero, Tshangalele ak Delcommune ) ; * Lak rezidyèl yo ( Tumba, Mai-Ndombe ) ; * Lak mòn yo ( Tanganyika, Kivu ak Albert ). Pi gwo tourbyè twopikal la, ki gen 11 000 ane, sitiye nan basen santral Basen Kongo a, ki ant Kongo-Brazzaville ak RDC. Sifas li se apeprè {{Unité|145000|km|2}} , epi pwofondè li se 2 a 6 mèt . ==== Fauna ak flora ==== [[Kongo (Kinchasa)|Repiblik Demokratik Kongo]] a gen yon divèsite floral ak faun enpòtan. Gen plis pase 4 000 espès plant natif natal. Li se lakay anpil espès [[mamifè]], tankou espès ki gen teritwa limite tankou goril mòn lan, goril plenn lan, bonobo a oswa chimpanz pigme a, okapi a, rinoseròs blan nò a, paon Kongo a . Te gen 1 107 espès [[zwazo]] yo te konnen an 2019 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.arte.tv/fr/videos/083964-012-A/le-dessous-des-cartes/|title=Demain, un monde sans oiseaux ?|date=avril 2019|website=arte.tv|language=fr|dead-url=yes|access-date=11 mai 2019|archive-date=2019-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512202128/https://www.arte.tv/fr/videos/083964-012-A/le-dessous-des-cartes/}}.</ref> . Peyi a gen anpil espès anfibyen ak [[Rèptil|reptil]] tou. [[Faune ichtyologique|Fawna pwason]] li reprezante pa anviwon karant fanmi pwason, ki gen ladan apeprè 1 000 espès, pami yo anviwon 80 % ap viv nan sistèm rivyè a epi rès la nan lak lès yo . === Zòn pwoteje yo === [[Fichye:Parcs_rdc.svg|vignette|Pak nan RDC yo]] Pak Nasyonal Virunga (PNVi), ki sitiye nan lès Repiblik Demokratik Kongo (RDK), sou fwontyè ak Rwanda ak Ouganda, kouvri yon zòn 7 800 km² nan pwovens Nò Kivu. Li se pi ansyen pak nasyonal ann Afrik, paske yo te etabli li an 1925. Virunga se yon refij enpòtan pou goril mòn yo, yon espès ki ra anpil, ak yon popilasyon yo estime anviwon 350 endividi ki ap viv nan pak la. An 2020, pak la te gen anviwon 700 gad ki t ap travay pou pwoteje zòn nan<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/animaux/primates/rdc-nouvelle-naissance-de-gorille-de-montagne-au-parc-des-virunga_157126#Echobox=1630330457|title=RDC : nouvelle naissance de gorille de montagne au parc des Virunga|date=27 août 2021|website=sciencesetavenir.fr|language=fr|access-date=31 août 2021}}.</ref>. Nan rejyon Kivu a, ki sibi plizyè ane enstabilite ak vyolans gwoup ame, 176 goril te pèdi lavi yo pandan 20 dènye ane yo. Nan mwa avril 2020, yon anbiskad te lakòz lanmò 17 moun, pami yo 12 gad pak la <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/fr/20200424-rd-congo-une-embuscade-dans-le-parc-des-virunga-fait-17-morts|title=RD Congo : une embuscade dans le parc des Virunga fait 17 morts|date=25 avril 2020|website=france24.com|language=fr|access-date=25 avril 2022}}.</ref> .<center> '''Kèk imaj sou fon ak flò Kongolè nan Pak Nasyonal yo :'''<gallery> Fichye:Rhinoceros_blanc_450.jpg|lien=Fichier:Rhinoceros_blanc_450.jpg|alt=Parc national de la Garamba| Pak Nasyonal Garamba Fichye:Bonobo.jpg|lien=Fichier:Bonobo.jpg|alt=Parc national de la Salonga| Pak Nasyonal Salonga Fichye:Colubusmonkey.JPG|lien=Fichier:Colubusmonkey.JPG|alt=Parc national de Kahuzi-Biega| Pak Nasyonal Kahuzi-Biega </gallery></center> == Enpak sou anviwònman natirèl yo == === Aktivite imen yo === ==== Deforestasyon ==== [[Fichye:Manono,_Katanga,_RD_Congo_Une_Congolaise_porte_une_bassine_de_charbon.jpg|vignette|Yon fanm k ap pote chabon nan Manono, Katanga.]] Ekstraksyon [[kwiv]], kobalt ak dyaman menase forè a. Forè twopikal la menase pa pwojè idwoelektrik . Selon yon rapò ONG Global Witness te pibliye an 2015, konpayi eksplwatasyon bwa nan Kongo yo pa respekte lwa entènasyonal sou komès bwa ditou <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://reporterre.net/La-foret-en-Republique-democratique-du-Congo-est-pillee-par-les-grandes|title=La forêt en République démocratique du Congo est pillée par les grandes compagnies, selon une étude|date=4 juin 2015|website=Reporterre|language=fr}}.</ref> . Yo te konsidere vitès destriksyon forè primè yo nan Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a kòm patikilyèman enkyete an 2019 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europe1.fr/international/environnement-12-millions-dhectares-de-forets-tropicales-detruites-en-2018-3894960|title=Environnement : 12 millions d'hectares de forêts tropicales détruites en 2018|website=Europe 1|access-date=2019-04-26}}.</ref> . An 2022, deforestasyon an te kontinye, Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a pami peyi ki gen pi gwo zòn deforestasyon an tèm absoli - ansanm ak Endonezi, Bolivi ak Brezil . Pa gen okenn done ofisyèl presi ak resan ki egziste pou endike volim egzak bwa Repiblik Demokratik Kongo (RDK) ekspòte ilegalman. Sepandan, plizyè rapò ki soti nan ONG ak òganizasyon entènasyonal pèmèt nou estime anplitid fenomèn nan epi bay kèk lòd mayitid. * Selon yon rapò Global Witnessjuin 2015 Konpayi etranje k ap eksplwate bwa endistriyèl yo rekòlte apeprè {{Unité|113000|tonnes métriques}} bwa chak ane nan RDC a, ak yon valè estime a 95 milyon dola ameriken. Chif sa a kouvri tout eksplwatasyon endistriyèl, ke ekspè yo di ki lajman kontamine pa ilegalite <ref name="GW">{{Cite web|url=https://agriculture.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/gw_rapport_rdc_mai2015.pdf|title=L'impunité exportée, Comment les forêts du Congo sont exploitées illégalement pour le marché international|website=agriculture.gouv.fr|page=7|access-date=26 juin 2025}}</ref> . * Yon lòt rapò Global Witness ki soti nan lane 2023 revele ke yon sèl konpayi Chinwa, Congo King Baisheng Forestry Development (CKBFD), te ekspòte bwa ilegal ki vo plis pase 5 milyon dola an Lachin nan jis sis mwa (jen pou rive...).décembre 2022 ) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://afrique.le360.ma/economie/global-witness-pointe-lexportation-illegale-de-bois-de-la-rdc-vers-la-chine_6EWSPTFB5BDIVM3ALOFWZJKI7A/|title=Global Witness pointe l’exportation illégale de bois de la RDC vers la Chine|date=25 octobre 2023|website=afrique.le360.ma|access-date=26 juin 2025}}</ref> . * Ekspòtasyon ilegal yo konsène tou de bwa (kòf bwa kri) ak bwa syaj, epi destinasyon prensipal yo se Lachin <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adf-magazine.com/fr/2023/11/selon-un-rapport-une-entreprise-chinoise-a-exporte-illegalement-du-bois-de-la-rdc-dune-valeur-de-5-millions-de-dollars-en-6-mois|title=Selon un rapport, une entreprise chinoise a exporté illégalement du bois de la RDC d’une valeur de 5 millions de dollars en 6 mois|date=21 novembre 2023|website=adf-magazine.com/fr|access-date=26 juin 2025}}</ref>, Ewòp ak peyi vwazen tankou Ouganda <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mines.cd/rdc-alerte-sur-lexportation-illegale-du-bois-scie-vers-louganda/|title=RDC : alerte sur l’exportation illégale du bois scié vers l’Ougand|date=16 octobre 2024|website=mines.cd|access-date=26 juin 2025}}</ref> . * Ekspòtasyon bwa ilegal nan RDC a masif, sa afekte tou de koupe bwa atizanal ak endistriyèl <ref name="GW" /> . ==== Lagè ak touris ==== Batay ak ekspilsyon Dezyèm Gè Kongo a te gen konsekans sou nati ak okipasyon tè peyi a. ==== Agrikilti ==== [[Agrikilti]] rete prensipal sektè ekonomi an. Prensipal resous agrikòl yo se [[kafe]], [[bwa]] ( [[afromosia]], [[Bwa debèn|ebèn]], wenge, iroko, sapelli, [[sipro]], tiama, tola, kambala, [[lifaki]] ...) ak kawoutchou . Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a se pami peyi Afriken yo ki gen pi gwo akaparasyon tè <ref>{{En}} [http://atlantablackstar.com/2014/10/21/15-african-nations-that-are-the-most-land-grabbed-by-foreign-interests/ 15 African Nations That Are The Most Land-Grabbed By Foreign Interests]</ref> . Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a se pami peyi nan mond lan ki gen plis itilizasyon dlo <ref>{{En}} [http://journalistsresource.org/studies/environment/food-agriculture/global-land-water-grabbing Global land and water grabbing]</ref> . Pifò kominote Kongolè yo pratike kiltivasyon itineran lè l sèvi avèk teknik koupe-epi-boule . ==== Lachas ak lapèch ==== 60 % elefan nan basen Kongo a te mouri nan 10 dènye ane yo (ane 2000 / 2010 yo). ==== Endistri yo ==== Gwo vil yo gen endistri alimantè, twal, pwodui chimik, asanblaj ak konstriksyon bato. ==== Transpò ==== Transpò nan Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a pa nan bon eta, ak mwens pase 20 Se sèlman yon sèten pousantaj nan gran wout nasyonal la (N1) ki konekte de bout peyi a ki pave. Vwayaj sou wout prèske swisid sou kèk wout, sa ki ralanti devlopman sektè ekonomik tankou agrikilti, lapèch ak touris. === Presyon sou resous yo === ==== Enèji renouvlab ==== Gouvènman an ak Kòporasyon Finansye Entènasyonal la siyen yon akò pou etablisman mikwo santral solè . Yo te chwazi RDC a kòm " peyi pilòt "nan yon pwogram sou sijè a. Prèske $400 milyon dola pral libere pa Gwoup Bank Mondyal la. Vil Mbuji-Mayi ak Kananga nan rejyon Kasai a pral premye antite ki pral benefisye de enèji solè fotovoltaik pwojè sa a nan peyi a <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20211112-%C3%A9nergies-renouvelables-la-rdc-pays-pilote-d-un-programme-de-micro-centrales-solaires|title=Énergies renouvelables: la RDC, «pays pilote» d'un programme de micro centrales solaires|last=Pascal Mulegwa|date=12 novembre 2021|website=rfi.fr|language=fr|access-date=2 novembre 2022}}.</ref> . ==== Presyon sou resous ki pa renouvlab yo ==== ===== Minrè ===== [[Fichye:Shinkolobwe.jpg|vignette|Min Shinkolobwe la]] Eksplwatasyon resous natirèl enpòtan yo ( dyaman, [[kwiv]], [[zenk]], koltan, elatriye) gen yon enpak sou anviwònman an, men li afekte tou estabilite ekonomik ak jeopolitik peyi a. An 2022, Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a te pwodui prèske 70 % nan demann mondyal pou kobalt, yon mineral yo itilize pou ogmante kapasite depo pil elektrik yo <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediapart.fr/studio/portfolios/dans-l-enfer-des-mines-de-cobalt-du-congo-rdc|title=Dans l’enfer des mines de cobalt du Congo-RDC|last=Théophile Simon|date=19 octobre 2022|website=[[Mediapart]]|language=fr|access-date=23 octobre 2022}}.</ref> . Anplis, anviwon 40 000 timoun ap travay san pwoteksyon e nan kondisyon ki trè difisil nan sektè min enfòmèl kwiv ak kobalt la ki devlope yon fason kaotik depi ane 1990 yo, pou benefis revandeur ak konpayi prive, san respè pou kòd min lan oswa dwa travay entènasyonal la . Yo kwè Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a gen 10 % nan rezèv [[lò]] li te ye nan mond lan. Yo mine minrè a nan min ouvè tankou sa ki toupre Mongbwalu a, li se sib tout kalite trafik. Randgold Resources, yon konpayi Sid Afriken,  konstriksyon youn nan pi gwo min lò Afrik yo nan menm rejyon an . Men yon lis resous mineral pa pwovens : * dyaman : Kasai Oriental, Kasai Occidental, Bandundu, Equateur, Province Orientale. * [[lò]] : Pwovens Lès, Maniema, Katanga, Bas-Kongo, Nò Kivu, Sid Kivu, Ekwatè. * [[kwiv]] Katanga. * [[Eten|Fèblan]] Katanga, Nò Kivu, Sid Kivu, Maniema. * Tantalit Kolonbo ( koltan ) Nò Kivu, Sid Kivu, Katanga, Maniema. * Boksit Bas-Kongo. * [[Fè (non)|Fè]] : Banalia, Katanga, Luebo, Kasaï-Oriental. * [[Manganèz]] Katanga, Bas-Kongo. * kobalt Katanga. Yo estime ke soutè rejyon Katanga a, nan sid RDC a, gen ladan l 3.4 milyon tòn minrè, sa reprezante prèske mwatye rezèv mondyal yo, ak 70 % nan pwodiksyon mondyal la. Pandan yon deseni, Lachin te achte prèske tout min kobalt peyi a. ===== Konbistib fosil ===== Ekstraksyon resous [[Konbistib fosil|fosil]] sa yo kontribye nan chanjman klimatik. Yo nan lis la a pa pwovens. : * Chabon Katanga. * [[Petwòl|Lwil]] Basen kotyè Moanda (an fonksyonman), Basen Santral la, Ituri, Bandundu (endikasyon) * Gaz metàn Lak Kivu * Schiste bitumineux Mvuzi (nan Bas-Kongo) === Polisyon === ==== Emisyon gaz ki lakòz efè tèmik (GES) ==== Tourbyè twopikal nan basen Kongo a estoke apeprè 30 milya tòn kabòn, ki ekivalan a ventan emisyon konbistib fosil [[Etazini]] oswa otan ke tout forè nan basen Kongo a. [[Fichye:Débouchage_du_caniveau_de_la_localite_de_Paka-Djuma,_Commune_de_LIMETE.jpg|vignette|Debouche yon goutyè nan Limete .]] Kalite lè a nan [[Kongo (Kinchasa)|RDC a]] soufri akòz min, sitou nan sid la. Nan gwo vil yo, polisyon an vin pi mal ak sikilasyon machin ki fin vye granmoun (souvan plis pase dizan) ki pa bon pou anviwònman an. Enpòtasyon yo, ki te entèdi depi 2012, te otorize ankò depi 2017 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://photo.geo.fr/pollution-de-l-air-la-ou-il-y-a-urgence-30370#republique-democratique-du-congo-524017|title=Pollution de l’air : là où il y a urgence|date=mars 2018|website=photo.geo.fr|language=fr|access-date=2 novembre 2022}}.</ref> . ==== Polisyon dlo ==== Nanaoût 2021 Yo obsève yon gwo debòdman sibstans toksik ki soti nan min dyaman Angola yo nan afliyan rivyè nan RDC. Yo kwè ke debòdman sa yo, ki te fè afliyan Rivyè Kongo yo vin wouj sou plizyè santèn kilomèt, te touye omwen 12 moun nan RDC. Analiz imaj satelit yo endike ke debòdman yo soti nan min dyaman Catoca nan pwovens Lunda Sul, Angola <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fr.mongabay.com/2021/10/une-catastrophe-environnementale-seternise-en-afrique-australe-en-laissant-de-nombreuses-questions-en-suspens/|title=Une « catastrophe » environnementale s’éternise en Afrique australe en laissant de nombreuses questions en suspens|last=Ashoka Mukpo|date=13 octobre 2021|website=fr.mongabay.com|language=fr|access-date=20 octobre 2021}}.</ref> . ==== Jesyon dechè ==== Yon abitan nan [[Afrik]] subsaharyèn pwodui an mwayèn 165 kg fatra pa ane pou chak abitan an 2023 (anpil mwens pase nan peyi ki pi rich yo) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.arte.tv/fr/videos/108458-022-A/le-dessous-des-cartes/|title=Le dessous des cartes - Un monde de déchets|last=Émilie Aubry|date=18 mars 2023|website=arte.tv|language=fr|access-date=26 mars 2023}}.</ref> . [[Kinchasa|Kinshasa]] gen anviwon 10 milyon moun ki pwodui 7,000 tòn fatra chak jou, oubyen prèske 260 kilo pa moun chak ane. Kapital la, avèk èd [[Inyon Ewopeyèn|Inyon Ewopeyen an]], te lanse yon pwogram pou konbat [[Insalubrité|kondisyon sanitè ki pa bon]], tankou inogirasyon yon izin tretman dechè plastik (konpaksyon) an 2015 ak enstalasyon 61 pwen koleksyon fatra <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.radiookapi.net/2015/11/18/actualite/societe/kinshasa-inaugure-une-usine-de-traitement-des-dechets-plastiques|title=Kinshasa inaugure une usine de traitement des déchets plastiques|date=18 novembre 2015|website=radiookapi.net|language=fr|access-date=11 mai 2017}}/</ref> . Yo antere kèk nan fatra yo nan depotwa Mpasa a, deyò vil la <ref name="france24">{{Cite web|url=http://observers.france24.com/fr/20170509-une-banquise-bouteilles-plastique-recouvre-fleuve-congo-kinshasa?ref=fb|title=Une « banquise » de bouteilles en plastique recouvre le fleuve Congo à Kinshasa|last=Fédorah Bikay|date=9 mai 2017|website=observers.france24.com|language=fr|access-date=11 mai 2017}}.</ref> . Nan lane 2017, prensipal atè rivyè [[Kinchasa|Kinshasa]] a te kouvri ak yon kouch epè [[Fatra|dechè]], ki te konpoze sitou de boutèy plastik. Dechè yo te soti nan espas piblik epi gwo lapli te lave yo ale <ref name="france24"/> . [[Fichye:Boulevard_du_30_juin,_Kinshasa.jpg|vignette|''Boulevard 30 jen, '''[[Kinchasa|Kinshasa]]''' ,'' [[kapital]] la Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a]] Avèk 105 milyon abitan li yo, [[Kongo (Kinchasa)|Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a]] se kounye a – an 2023 – katriyèm peyi ki gen plis popilasyon ann Afrik. Epi kwasans li trè rapid. Kapital la, [[Kinchasa|Kinshasa]], te gen plis pase 12 milyon moun an 2016. Li ta ka vin pi gwo vil imen nan mond lan pandan XXI syèk la. syèk . Apa de 26 kapital pwovens yo, [[Kongo (Kinchasa)|Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a]] gen 9 vil sosyo-ekonomik <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://congojob.cd/les-26-provinces-de-la-rdc-et-leurs-villes-guide-complet/|title=Les 26 provinces de la RDC et leurs villes|last=CongoJob|date=23 novembre 2024|website=congojob.cd|language=fr|access-date=20 décembre 2025|Guide complet}}.</ref> : Baraka, Bandundu, Beni, Boma, Butembo, Likasi, Mwene-Ditu, Uvira and Zongo . == Ekspozisyon a risk == === Inondasyon === [[Fichye:2010_flooding_Kinshasa_4581137584.jpg|vignette|Inondasyon apre lapli a nan Kinshasa]] [[Kinchasa|Kinshasa]], ak rezo idrografik dans li a, fè eksperyans plizyè inondasyon pandan peryòd gwo lapli. Dènye [[Inondasyon|inondasyon ki]] te fèt nan [[Kongo (Kinchasa)|Repiblik Demokratik Kongo]] a afekte plis pase 2 milyon moun epi domaje plizyè milye enfrastrikti, sa ki montre vilnerabilite anviwònman peyi a <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unicef.fr/article/la-rdc-connait-les-pires-inondations-de-ces-60-dernieres-annees/|title=La RDC connaît les pires inondations de ces 60 dernières années|last=UNICEF|date=2024|website=UNICEF France|access-date=22 avril 2026}}</ref> . === Dife === Agrikilti koupe-epi-boule, ansanm ak lachas nan savann yo lè l sèvi avèk teknik tradisyonèl pou kenbe jibye, epi neglije dife kan, lakòz dife forè oswa savann. === Chanjman klimatik === Yon chalè grav, opresan ak yon sèten iregilarite nan chanjman sezon yo deja ap parèt. === Tranblemanntè === An jeneral, Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a pa an danje pou [[tranblemanntè]], eksepte nan lès la kote tranblemanntè yo pafwa frape. Risk la la trè modere. Dènye [[tranblemanntè]] a se te sa ki te5 novembre 2005 ki te fèt nan Lak Tanganyika ak yon mayitid 6.8. == Politik anviwònman an nan Repiblik Demokratik Kongo a == === Evalyasyon anviwònman mondyal la === == Kòz yo == == Konsekans yo == == Nòt ak referans == === Nòt === == Referans == {{Referans}} === Lyen ekstèn === [[Kategori:Pages avec des traductions non relues]] ij0ok1vyig93cj48e68ektih2whepkp 0 97752 883236 2026-07-26T17:59:05Z Masstic 32151 /* */ 883236 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fichye: Tapiwouj Magazine.jpg|thumb|right|Tapiwouj Magazine]] '''''Tapiwouj Magazine''''' se yon medya [[Ayiti|ayisyen]] ki dedye a pwomosyon kilti, mizik ak talan k ap emèje ann [[Ayiti]] yo. Platfòm nan prezante atis, antreprenè, kreyatè ak pèsonalite atravè pwofil, entèvyou ak atik.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://buzzthemagazine.com/tapiwouj-magazine-le-media-haitien-qui-valorise-les-talents-et-initiatives-positives/ |title=Tapiwouj Magazine : Le Média Haïtien Qui Valorise Les Talents Et Initiatives Positives |date=2026-07-15 |website=buzzthemagazine.com |language=fr|access-date=2026-07-26}}</ref> == Fich == * Tit : ''Tapiwouj Magazine'' * Jan : Jeneralis * Dat fondasyon : 12 novanm 2024 * Fondatè : Marco Frantz Junior Pierre * Pwopryetè : Marco Frantz Junior Pierre * Lang : [[lang franse|Franse]], [[Kreyòl ayisyen]] * Sitwèb : {{URL|tapiwoujmagazine.com}} == Deskripsyon == Fonde nan dat 12 novanm 2024 pa Marco Frantz Junior Pierre, ke yo konnen sou non sèn li [[O-Mark|O-Mark Fruit De Mer]], ''Tapiwouj Magazine'' kreye pou mete aksan sou moun ki gen yon enpak pozitif an [[Ayiti]], patikilyèman jèn yo ki kontribye nan devlopman kiltirèl, sosyal ak antreprenarya peyi a.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://ayitiselakayy.com/tapiwouj-magazine-un-media-haitien-qui-donne-de-la-valeur-aux-talents-et-aux-initiatives-positives/ |title=Tapiwouj Magazine : un média haïtien qui donne de la valeur aux talents et aux initiatives positives |date=2026-07-15 |website=ayitiselakayy.com |language=fr|access-date=2026-07-26}}</ref> Atravè piblikasyon li yo, medya a selebre vwayaj, inisyativ ak reyalizasyon moun ki kontribye nan kwasans ak enfliyans sosyete Ayisyen an. == Referans == {{referans}} == Lyen deyò == * [https://tapiwoujmagazine.com/ Sitwèb ofisyèl ''Tapiwouj Magazine''] [[Kategori:Jounal ayisyen]] cyi2u1b4kr00ri6d07vh4ifeuggpvnk 0 97753 883238 2026-07-26T18:03:15Z Ferrovit 39921 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/233595623|Lagon aux Bœufs]] » 883238 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lagon aux Bœufs''' se yon [[lak]] dlo sale ki sitiye nan depatman lès nan vil [[Fòlibète (komin)|Fòlibète]] nan depatman [[Nòdès (depatman)|Nòdès]] [[Ayiti|an Ayiti]] . 7o0zsbva2uw3djmjsgddxi8g9ga8256 0 97754 883239 2026-07-26T18:06:36Z Ferrovit 39921 Paj ki kreye ak " <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Andropov|first=Y.V.|date=1983|title=Allocution prononcée au meeting de deuil sur la Place Rouge, le 15 novembre 1982|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-028184-1.50011-3|journal=Sur le Chemin du Socialisme|publisher=Elsevier|pages=29–30|isbn=978-0-08-028184-1}}</ref>'''Lagon aux Bœufs''' se yon [[lak]] dlo sale ki sitiye nan lès nan vil [[Fòlibète (komin)|Fòlibète]] nan depatman [[Nòdès (depatman)|Nòdès]] [[Ayiti|an Ayiti]] " 883239 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Andropov|first=Y.V.|date=1983|title=Allocution prononcée au meeting de deuil sur la Place Rouge, le 15 novembre 1982|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-028184-1.50011-3|journal=Sur le Chemin du Socialisme|publisher=Elsevier|pages=29–30|isbn=978-0-08-028184-1}}</ref>'''Lagon aux Bœufs''' se yon [[lak]] dlo sale ki sitiye nan lès nan vil [[Fòlibète (komin)|Fòlibète]] nan depatman [[Nòdès (depatman)|Nòdès]] [[Ayiti|an Ayiti]] eys9d6n93zdjc2rdlksasx42q09qnvx 883240 883239 2026-07-26T18:07:39Z Ferrovit 39921 883240 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Andropov|first=Y.V.|date=1983|title=Allocution prononcée au meeting de deuil sur la Place Rouge, le 15 novembre 1982|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-028184-1.50011-3|journal=Sur le Chemin du Socialisme|publisher=Elsevier|pages=29–30|isbn=978-0-08-028184-1}}</ref>'''Lagobe''' se yon [[lak]] dlo sale ki sitiye nan lès nan vil [[Fòlibète (komin)|Fòlibète]] nan depatman [[Nòdès (depatman)|Nòdès]] [[Ayiti|an Ayiti]] lc1ydh1l7qafuuu02uha2b8daz8jda1 883241 883240 2026-07-26T18:13:19Z Ferrovit 39921 883241 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Andropov|first=Y.V.|date=1983|title=Allocution prononcée au meeting de deuil sur la Place Rouge, le 15 novembre 1982|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-028184-1.50011-3|journal=Sur le Chemin du Socialisme|publisher=Elsevier|pages=29–30|isbn=978-0-08-028184-1}}</ref>'''Lagobe''' se yon [[lak]] dlo sale ki sitiye nan lès nan vil [[Fòlibète (komin)|Fòlibète]] nan depatman [[Nòdès (depatman)|Nòdès]] [[Ayiti|an Ayiti]]. Lagon aux Bœufs la se yon lak dlo sale ak yon pwofondè mwayèn apeprè 13 ppt, ki sitiye nan Depatman [[Nòdès (depatman)|Nòdès]] [[Ayiti]] ''(Tablo 2).'' '')'' nan lès [[Fòlibète (komin)|Fò Libète]] ak nan lwès Ferrier. Sifas li se apeprè {{Unité|5 km2}} (ant 500 ak 600 ekta pafwa). Kowòdone jewografik li yo se 19 Nò ak 71 Lwès. Pwofondè maksimòm li se apeprè 20 m, epi pwofondè ki mwens pase 10 m yo reprezante anviwon 40 m. % nan sifas total li. Tanperati li varye ant 27.5 ak 32.5 °C epi pH a ant 6.2 ak 8.0. Dlo letan an rich an elektwolit epi li gen yon konduktivite segondè apeprè {{Unité|15500 μΩ/cm}} . Nivo salinite a varye ant 7.2 ak 20.0 ppt. Nivo salinite ki pi ba a rive pandan sezon lapli a. Transparans dlo a varye ant 0.5 a 1.4 m nan kèk kote nan disk Secchi a. Se yon ansyen bra lanmè ki te separe ak kòt la pa depo alivyon. Plizyè rivyè ak ravin nouri li pasyèlman, sitou [[Rivyè Lamatri|rivyè Lamatry]] ki soti nan [[Masif dinò|masif nò]] a ''.''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tornos|first=Jérémy|title=Approches intégrées en écologie de la conservation des oiseaux marins : cas de l’utilisation d'autovaccins pour la conservation des albatros sur l'île d'Amsterdam|url=https://doi.org/10.70675/f47c31f0z9280z4dd5za175z30b1413ec672|publisher=Agence Bibliographique de l'Enseignement Supérieur}}</ref> 2k6dt4jgmddvn64b2dutyjqqinp2atr 883242 883241 2026-07-26T18:34:08Z Ferrovit 39921 883242 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Andropov|first=Y.V.|date=1983|title=Allocution prononcée au meeting de deuil sur la Place Rouge, le 15 novembre 1982|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-028184-1.50011-3|journal=Sur le Chemin du Socialisme|publisher=Elsevier|pages=29–30|isbn=978-0-08-028184-1}}</ref>'''Lagobe''' se yon [[lak]] dlo sale ki sitiye nan lès nan vil [[Fòlibète (komin)|Fòlibète]] nan depatman [[Nòdès (depatman)|Nòdès]] [[Ayiti|an Ayiti]]. Lagobe la se yon lak dlo sale ak yon pwofondè mwayèn apeprè 13 ppt, ki sitiye nan Depatman [[Nòdès (depatman)|Nòdès]] [[Ayiti]] ''(Tablo 2).'' '')'' nan lès [[Fòlibète (komin)|Fò Libète]] ak nan lwès Ferrier. Sifas li se apeprè {{Unité|5 km2}} (ant 500 ak 600 ekta pafwa). Kowòdone jewografik li yo se 19 Nò ak 71 Lwès. Pwofondè maksimòm li se apeprè 20 m, epi pwofondè ki mwens pase 10 m yo reprezante anviwon 40 m. % nan sifas total li. Tanperati li varye ant 27.5 ak 32.5 °C epi pH a ant 6.2 ak 8.0. Dlo letan an rich an elektwolit epi li gen yon konduktivite segondè apeprè {{Unité|15500 μΩ/cm}} . Nivo salinite a varye ant 7.2 ak 20.0 ppt. Nivo salinite ki pi ba a rive pandan sezon lapli a. Transparans dlo a varye ant 0.5 a 1.4 m nan kèk kote nan disk Secchi a. Se yon ansyen bra lanmè ki te separe ak kòt la pa depo alivyon. Plizyè rivyè ak ravin nouri li pasyèlman, sitou [[Rivyè Lamatri|rivyè Lamatry]] ki soti nan [[Masif dinò|masif nò]] a ''.''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tornos|first=Jérémy|title=Approches intégrées en écologie de la conservation des oiseaux marins : cas de l’utilisation d'autovaccins pour la conservation des albatros sur l'île d'Amsterdam|url=https://doi.org/10.70675/f47c31f0z9280z4dd5za175z30b1413ec672|publisher=Agence Bibliographique de l'Enseignement Supérieur}}</ref> r31w25jlq7m5bpcp9ymv2uz6mav6g4m 883243 883242 2026-07-26T18:36:03Z Ferrovit 39921 883243 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Andropov|first=Y.V.|date=1983|title=Allocution prononcée au meeting de deuil sur la Place Rouge, le 15 novembre 1982|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-028184-1.50011-3|journal=Sur le Chemin du Socialisme|publisher=Elsevier|pages=29–30|isbn=978-0-08-028184-1}}</ref>'''Lagobe''' se yon [[lak]] dlo sale ki sitiye nan lès nan vil [[Fòlibète (komin)|Fòlibète]] nan depatman [[Nòdès (depatman)|Nòdès]] [[Ayiti|an Ayiti]]. == Jewografi == Lagobe la se yon lak dlo sale ak yon pwofondè mwayèn apeprè 13 ppt, ki sitiye nan Depatman [[Nòdès (depatman)|Nòdès]] [[Ayiti]] ''(Tablo 2).'' '')'' nan lès [[Fòlibète (komin)|Fò Libète]] ak nan lwès Ferrier. Sifas li se apeprè {{Unité|5 km2}} (ant 500 ak 600 ekta pafwa). Kowòdone jewografik li yo se 19 Nò ak 71 Lwès. Pwofondè maksimòm li se apeprè 20 m, epi pwofondè ki mwens pase 10 m yo reprezante anviwon 40 m. % nan sifas total li. Tanperati li varye ant 27.5 ak 32.5 °C epi pH a ant 6.2 ak 8.0. Dlo letan an rich an elektwolit epi li gen yon konduktivite segondè apeprè {{Unité|15500 μΩ/cm}} . Nivo salinite a varye ant 7.2 ak 20.0 ppt. Nivo salinite ki pi ba a rive pandan sezon lapli a. Transparans dlo a varye ant 0.5 a 1.4 m nan kèk kote nan disk Secchi a. Se yon ansyen bra lanmè ki te separe ak kòt la pa depo alivyon. Plizyè rivyè ak ravin nouri li pasyèlman, sitou [[Rivyè Lamatri|rivyè Lamatry]] ki soti nan [[Masif dinò|masif nò]] a ''.''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tornos|first=Jérémy|title=Approches intégrées en écologie de la conservation des oiseaux marins : cas de l’utilisation d'autovaccins pour la conservation des albatros sur l'île d'Amsterdam|url=https://doi.org/10.70675/f47c31f0z9280z4dd5za175z30b1413ec672|publisher=Agence Bibliographique de l'Enseignement Supérieur}}</ref> cc6fukgg5fylo8vlkw2o6twfuj7o3gx 0 97755 883245 2026-07-26T19:27:48Z Ferrovit 39921 Paj ki kreye ak " Yon '''ti mòn''' se yon [[Relièf (jewomòfoloji)|fòm tè]] jeneralman modere ak relativman piti ki monte anlè yon [[Plaine|plèn]] oubyen [[Platon (jewografi)|yon plato]] epi ki byen vizib nan [[Paysage|peyizaj]] la <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/colline|title=Colline : définition|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . Ti mòn yo ka izole oubyen gwoupe ansanm nan jaden mòn. " 883245 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''ti mòn''' se yon [[Relièf (jewomòfoloji)|fòm tè]] jeneralman modere ak relativman piti ki monte anlè yon [[Plaine|plèn]] oubyen [[Platon (jewografi)|yon plato]] epi ki byen vizib nan [[Paysage|peyizaj]] la <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/colline|title=Colline : définition|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . Ti mòn yo ka izole oubyen gwoupe ansanm nan jaden mòn. jdq46l9x01n4ugl057xrgmo4u8dbjag 883246 883245 2026-07-26T19:28:57Z Ferrovit 39921 883246 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''ti mòn''' se yon [[Relièf (jewomòfoloji)|fòm tè]] jeneralman modere ak relativman piti ki monte anlè yon [[Plaine|plèn]] oubyen [[Platon (jewografi)|yon plato]] epi ki byen vizib nan [[Paysage|peyizaj]] la <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/colline|title=Colline : définition|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . Ti mòn yo ka izole oubyen gwoupe ansanm nan jaden mòn. == Etimoloji == Mo " ''hill"'' la mansyone pou premye fwa nan lane 1555. Sa a se yon anpren pwobab nan mo Italyen ''"collina"'', ki li menm sòti nan fraz Latin " ''loca collina"'' a, tèm ''"collinus"'' la sòti nan mo Latin " ''collis'' " ki vle di "ti mòn" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/colline|title=Colline : étymologie|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . ph75ff8dwrq4e1dser96nwcdmvtstcq 883247 883246 2026-07-26T19:31:04Z Ferrovit 39921 883247 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''ti mòn''' se yon [[Relièf (jewomòfoloji)|fòm tè]] jeneralman modere ak relativman piti ki monte anlè yon [[Plaine|plèn]] oubyen [[Platon (jewografi)|yon plato]] epi ki byen vizib nan [[Paysage|peyizaj]] la <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/colline|title=Colline : définition|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . Ti mòn yo ka izole oubyen gwoupe ansanm nan jaden mòn. == Etimoloji == Mo " ''hill"'' la mansyone pou premye fwa nan lane 1555. Sa a se yon anpren pwobab nan mo Italyen ''"collina"'', ki li menm sòti nan fraz Latin " ''loca collina"'' a, tèm ''"collinus"'' la sòti nan mo Latin " ''collis'' " ki vle di "ti mòn" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/colline|title=Colline : étymologie|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . Natir resan anprè a eksplike absans mo ''kolin'' nan [[Toponymie française|toponimi tradisyonèl franse a]] (eksepte nan kreyasyon ki ra anpil ki trè resan). Se poutèt sa li jeneralman rann pa apelatif toponimik ''mont'' la, nan fòm prefiks ''Mont-'' (egzanp : [[Sainte-Foy-de-Montgommery|Montgomery]], [[Montmartre]] ) oubyen sifiks ''-mont'' ( Chaumont, Caumont, [[Bracquemont]], elatriye). Yo itilize tèm " [[Butte (topographie)|butte"]] ki pi resan an tou pou deziyen yon ti mòn ki ba altitid, souvan ak yon somè aplati. Ou ka rekonèt li nan [[Montmartre|mòn Montmartre]], [[Parc des Buttes-Chaumont|mòn Chaumont]] nan Pari, oubyen [[Butte Chaumont|mòn Chaumont]], youn nan mòn ki pi wo nan [[Normandie (région administrative)|Normandi]] . Nan ka sa a, nou ap pale de twa [[Toponyme pléonastique|non kote pleonastik]] .<ref>{{Cite journal|last=He|first=Danhua|date=2024-11-18|title=Application of CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales) in Translation Teaching|url=https://doi.org/10.26855/er.2024.10.007|journal=The Educational Review, USA|volume=8|issue=10|pages=1235–1241|doi=10.26855/er.2024.10.007|issn=2575-7938}}</ref> 9bupw167jrtmrgu14y2f7fkb10xkbe2 883248 883247 2026-07-26T19:33:09Z Ferrovit 39921 883248 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''ti mòn''' se yon [[Relièf (jewomòfoloji)|fòm tè]] jeneralman modere ak relativman piti ki monte anlè yon [[Plaine|plèn]] oubyen [[Platon (jewografi)|yon plato]] epi ki byen vizib nan [[Paysage|peyizaj]] la <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/colline|title=Colline : définition|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . Ti mòn yo ka izole oubyen gwoupe ansanm nan jaden mòn. == Etimoloji == Mo " ''hill"'' la mansyone pou premye fwa nan lane 1555. Sa a se yon anpren pwobab nan mo Italyen ''"collina"'', ki li menm sòti nan fraz Latin " ''loca collina"'' a, tèm ''"collinus"'' la sòti nan mo Latin " ''collis'' " ki vle di "ti mòn" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/colline|title=Colline : étymologie|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . Natir resan anprè a eksplike absans mo ''kolin'' nan [[Toponymie française|toponimi tradisyonèl franse a]] (eksepte nan kreyasyon ki ra anpil ki trè resan). Se poutèt sa li jeneralman rann pa apelatif toponimik ''mont'' la, nan fòm prefiks ''Mont-'' (egzanp : [[Sainte-Foy-de-Montgommery|Montgomery]], [[Montmartre]] ) oubyen sifiks ''-mont'' ( Chaumont, Caumont, [[Bracquemont]], elatriye). Yo itilize tèm " [[Butte (topographie)|butte"]] ki pi resan an tou pou deziyen yon ti mòn ki ba altitid, souvan ak yon somè aplati. Ou ka rekonèt li nan [[Montmartre|mòn Montmartre]], [[Parc des Buttes-Chaumont|mòn Chaumont]] nan Pari, oubyen [[Butte Chaumont|mòn Chaumont]], youn nan mòn ki pi wo nan [[Normandie (région administrative)|Normandi]] . Nan ka sa a, nou ap pale de twa [[Toponyme pléonastique|non kote pleonastik]] .<ref>{{Cite journal|last=He|first=Danhua|date=2024-11-18|title=Application of CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales) in Translation Teaching|url=https://doi.org/10.26855/er.2024.10.007|journal=The Educational Review, USA|volume=8|issue=10|pages=1235–1241|doi=10.26855/er.2024.10.007|issn=2575-7938}}</ref> Sepandan, gen yon gran varyete tèm dyalèktal, pifò ladan yo disparèt kounye a. Konsa, nan Normandi, gen anpil non medyeval pou yon ti mòn oswa yon wotè, kèk ladan yo ki siviv jouk jounen jodi a. Se konsa, yo rele yon ''ti mòn'' ''mouchel'' nan dyalèk la, se poutèt sa yo rele anpil le Mouchel. Yon lòt kote, ou ka jwenn [[Sorel-Moussel|Moussel]], alòske nan lès la fòm komen an se pito Moncel . Mo sa yo se vèsyon dyalektal oswa arkaik ekivalan ak mo [[Français standard|franse estanda]] ''monceau'' a, lèt la gen yon siyifikasyon ki pi restriksyon: " pil, pil " Yo tout finalman sòti nan mo laten an fen ''monticellus'', ki vle di jisteman "mòn". Nou jwenn tou nan Normandi ansyen tèm ''Hogue'' oubyen ''Hougue'' (Nò Cotentin), premye a refere pito a yon ti mòn ki gen pyebwa, dezyèm lan tou senpleman vle di ti mòn oubyen wotè, oubyen menm pil nan marekaj [[Dives (rivière)|Dives]] yo. Konsa, pa egzanp, nou jwenn yon vilaj [[Les Hogues|yo rele Les Hogues]] nan depatman Eure oubyen [[Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue]] nan depatman Manche. Toulede soti nan mo Old Norse ''haugr'' la. tumulus, pil, ti mòn" (akuzatif pliryèl ''hauga'' ) cf. Icelandic ''haugur'' ; Nòvejyen ''haug'' "ti mòn". sjazghw6k4xz2gjcfk37olqludi51h1 883249 883248 2026-07-26T19:35:24Z Ferrovit 39921 883249 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''ti mòn''' se yon [[Relièf (jewomòfoloji)|fòm tè]] jeneralman modere ak relativman piti ki monte anlè yon [[Plaine|plèn]] oubyen [[Platon (jewografi)|yon plato]] epi ki byen vizib nan [[Paysage|peyizaj]] la <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/colline|title=Colline : définition|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . Ti mòn yo ka izole oubyen gwoupe ansanm nan jaden mòn. == Etimoloji == Mo " ''hill"'' la mansyone pou premye fwa nan lane 1555. Sa a se yon anpren pwobab nan mo Italyen ''"collina"'', ki li menm sòti nan fraz Latin " ''loca collina"'' a, tèm ''"collinus"'' la sòti nan mo Latin " ''collis'' " ki vle di "ti mòn" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/colline|title=Colline : étymologie|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . Nati resan anprè a eksplike absans mo ''kolin'' nan [[Toponymie française|toponimi tradisyonèl franse a]] (eksepte nan kreyasyon ki ra anpil ki trè resan). Se poutèt sa li jeneralman rann pa apelatif toponimik ''mont'' la, nan fòm prefiks ''Mont-'' (egzanp : [[Sainte-Foy-de-Montgommery|Montgomery]], [[Montmartre]] ) oubyen sifiks ''-mont'' ( Chaumont, Caumont, [[Bracquemont]], elatriye). Yo itilize tèm " [[Butte (topographie)|butte"]] ki pi resan an tou pou deziyen yon ti mòn ki ba altitid, souvan ak yon somè aplati. Ou ka rekonèt li nan [[Montmartre|mòn Montmartre]], [[Parc des Buttes-Chaumont|mòn Chaumont]] nan Pari, oubyen [[Butte Chaumont|mòn Chaumont]], youn nan mòn ki pi wo nan [[Normandie (région administrative)|Normandi]] . Nan ka sa a, nou ap pale de twa [[Toponyme pléonastique|non kote pleonastik]] .<ref>{{Cite journal|last=He|first=Danhua|date=2024-11-18|title=Application of CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales) in Translation Teaching|url=https://doi.org/10.26855/er.2024.10.007|journal=The Educational Review, USA|volume=8|issue=10|pages=1235–1241|doi=10.26855/er.2024.10.007|issn=2575-7938}}</ref> Sepandan, gen yon gran varyete tèm dyalèktal, pifò ladan yo disparèt kounye a. Konsa, nan Normandi, gen anpil non medyeval pou yon ti mòn oswa yon wotè, kèk ladan yo ki siviv jouk jounen jodi a. Se konsa, yo rele yon ''ti mòn'' ''mouchel'' nan dyalèk la, se poutèt sa yo rele anpil le Mouchel. Yon lòt kote, ou ka jwenn [[Sorel-Moussel|Moussel]], alòske nan lès la fòm komen an se pito Moncel . Mo sa yo se vèsyon dyalektal oswa arkaik ekivalan ak mo [[Français standard|franse estanda]] ''monceau'' a, lèt la gen yon siyifikasyon ki pi restriksyon: " pil, pil " Yo tout finalman sòti nan mo laten an fen ''monticellus'', ki vle di jisteman "mòn". Nou jwenn tou nan Normandi ansyen tèm ''Hogue'' oubyen ''Hougue'' (Nò Cotentin), premye a refere pito a yon ti mòn ki gen pyebwa, dezyèm lan tou senpleman vle di ti mòn oubyen wotè, oubyen menm pil nan marekaj [[Dives (rivière)|Dives]] yo. Konsa, pa egzanp, nou jwenn yon vilaj [[Les Hogues|yo rele Les Hogues]] nan depatman Eure oubyen [[Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue]] nan depatman Manche. Toulede soti nan mo Old Norse ''haugr'' la. tumulus, pil, ti mòn" (akuzatif pliryèl ''hauga'' ) cf. Icelandic ''haugur'' ; Nòvejyen ''haug'' "ti mòn". ayq12lcf8lb7a2n8biiuiibk2fkc22h 883250 883249 2026-07-26T19:39:55Z Ferrovit 39921 /* Etimoloji */ 883250 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''ti mòn''' se yon [[Relièf (jewomòfoloji)|fòm tè]] jeneralman modere ak relativman piti ki monte anlè yon [[Plaine|plèn]] oubyen [[Platon (jewografi)|yon plato]] epi ki byen vizib nan [[Paysage|peyizaj]] la <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/colline|title=Colline : définition|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . Ti mòn yo ka izole oubyen gwoupe ansanm nan jaden mòn. == Etimoloji == Mo " ''hill"'' la mansyone pou premye fwa nan lane 1555. Sa a se yon anpren pwobab nan mo Italyen ''"collina"'', ki li menm sòti nan fraz Latin " ''loca collina"'' a, tèm ''"collinus"'' la sòti nan mo Latin " ''collis'' " ki vle di "ti mòn" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/colline|title=Colline : étymologie|website=cnrtl.fr|publisher=CNRTL|access-date=20 mars 2017}}.</ref> . Nati resan anprent a eksplike absans mo ''kolin'' nan [[Toponymie française|toponimi tradisyonèl franse a]] (eksepte nan kreyasyon ki ra anpil ki trè resan). Se poutèt sa li jeneralman rann pa apelatif toponimik ''mont'' la, nan fòm prefiks ''Mont-'' (egzanp : [[Sainte-Foy-de-Montgommery|Montgomery]], [[Montmartre]] ) oubyen sifiks ''-mont'' ( Chaumont, Caumont, [[Bracquemont]], elatriye). Yo itilize tèm " [[Butte (topographie)|butte"]] ki pi resan an tou pou deziyen yon ti mòn ki ba altitid, souvan ak yon somè aplati. Ou ka rekonèt li nan [[Montmartre|mòn Montmartre]], [[Parc des Buttes-Chaumont|mòn Chaumont]] nan Pari, oubyen [[Butte Chaumont|mòn Chaumont]], youn nan mòn ki pi wo nan [[Normandie (région administrative)|Normandi]] . Nan ka sa a, nou ap pale de twa [[Toponyme pléonastique|non kote pleonastik]] .<ref>{{Cite journal|last=He|first=Danhua|date=2024-11-18|title=Application of CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales) in Translation Teaching|url=https://doi.org/10.26855/er.2024.10.007|journal=The Educational Review, USA|volume=8|issue=10|pages=1235–1241|doi=10.26855/er.2024.10.007|issn=2575-7938}}</ref> Sepandan, gen yon gran varyete tèm dyalèktal, pifò ladan yo disparèt kounye a. Konsa, nan Normandi, gen anpil non medyeval pou yon ti mòn oswa yon wotè, kèk ladan yo ki siviv jouk jounen jodi a. Se konsa, yo rele yon ''ti mòn'' ''mouchel'' nan dyalèk la, se poutèt sa yo rele anpil le Mouchel. Yon lòt kote, ou ka jwenn [[Sorel-Moussel|Moussel]], alòske nan lès la fòm komen an se pito Moncel . Mo sa yo se vèsyon dyalektal oswa arkaik ekivalan ak mo [[Français standard|franse estanda]] ''monceau'' a, lèt la gen yon siyifikasyon ki pi restriksyon: " pil, pil " Yo tout finalman sòti nan mo laten an fen ''monticellus'', ki vle di jisteman "mòn". Nou jwenn tou nan Normandi ansyen tèm ''Hogue'' oubyen ''Hougue'' (Nò Cotentin), premye a refere pito a yon ti mòn ki gen pyebwa, dezyèm lan tou senpleman vle di ti mòn oubyen wotè, oubyen menm pil nan marekaj [[Dives (rivière)|Dives]] yo. Konsa, pa egzanp, nou jwenn yon vilaj [[Les Hogues|yo rele Les Hogues]] nan depatman Eure oubyen [[Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue]] nan depatman Manche. Toulede soti nan mo Old Norse ''haugr'' la. tumulus, pil, ti mòn" (akuzatif pliryèl ''hauga'' ) cf. Icelandic ''haugur'' ; Nòvejyen ''haug'' "ti mòn". klrnjam2yitigx8hvnnbsheuhbao1q2 0 97756 883264 2026-07-26T21:06:42Z Chersie06 28851 Paj ki kreye ak " Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : " 883264 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : nddkjskcc2ax4w0dck3bkoahpsy4jx4 883265 883264 2026-07-26T21:07:19Z Chersie06 28851 883265 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral "..." djx5a6im9fce7pqvgdm8qgkyok14ma3 883266 883265 2026-07-26T21:08:16Z Chersie06 28851 883266 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral "..." * p21ss5hm4pcgl1w1n12l1tac8woflpu 883267 883266 2026-07-26T21:09:41Z Chersie06 28851 883267 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral ".. * Klasifikasyon yon zòn kòm yon rezèv natirèl jeneralman gen pou objektif pwoteje anviwònman an kont enpak dirèk aktivite imen ki ta ka degrade anviwònman an oswa fè espès yo mal (polisyon entansyonèl oswa envolontè, krim ensandi, eksplwatasyon, lachas, elatriye). Pafwa, manadjè a fè rechèch tou atravè yon " plan jesyon "pou limite plis oubyen mwens fenomèn natirèl tankou dife, ranpli natirèl yon lak, fèmti natirèl yon gazon sèk, elatriye. 1nr1di5n35yvm26wety7g6icuerjx7h 883268 883267 2026-07-26T21:11:04Z Chersie06 28851 883268 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral ".. * Klasifikasyon yon zòn kòm yon rezèv natirèl jeneralman gen pou objektif pwoteje anviwònman an kont enpak dirèk aktivite imen ki ta ka degrade anviwònman an oswa fè espès yo mal (polisyon entansyonèl oswa envolontè, krim ensandi, eksplwatasyon, lachas, elatriye). Pafwa, manadjè a fè rechèch tou atravè yon " plan jesyon "pou limite plis oubyen mwens fenomèn natirèl tankou dife, ranpli natirèl yon lak, fèmti natirèl yon gazon sèk, elatriye. * Diferan lwa nasyonal, endepandan youn ak lòt, defini rezèv natirèl yo, ki gen objektif ak règleman diferan. Selon kontèks la, inisyativ pou kreye yon rezèv la ka soti nan Leta a, nan yon lòt administrasyon piblik oswa menm nan sektè prive a. Nan yon efò pou klase zòn pwoteje yo globalman, [[Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature|Inyon Entènasyonal pou Konsèvasyon Lanati]] (UICN) chwazi sèvi ak tèm sa a pou zòn ki jere prensipalman pou rechèch syantifik oswa prezèvasyon resous. Yon rezèv natirèl kapab tou rekonèt [[Réserve mondiale de biosphère|kòm yon rezèv byosfè]] pa [[INESKO|UNESCO]], tankou [[Réserve naturelle du Baïkal|Rezèv Natirèl Baikal]] nan Larisi. lt1kajxtq0dpoh4s8ac47b3qa5eeuvm 883269 883268 2026-07-26T21:12:56Z Chersie06 28851 883269 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral ".. * Klasifikasyon yon zòn kòm yon rezèv natirèl jeneralman gen pou objektif pwoteje anviwònman an kont enpak dirèk aktivite imen ki ta ka degrade anviwònman an oswa fè espès yo mal (polisyon entansyonèl oswa envolontè, krim ensandi, eksplwatasyon, lachas, elatriye). Pafwa, manadjè a fè rechèch tou atravè yon " plan jesyon "pou limite plis oubyen mwens fenomèn natirèl tankou dife, ranpli natirèl yon lak, fèmti natirèl yon gazon sèk, elatriye. * Diferan lwa nasyonal, endepandan youn ak lòt, defini rezèv natirèl yo, ki gen objektif ak règleman diferan. Selon kontèks la, inisyativ pou kreye yon rezèv la ka soti nan Leta a, nan yon lòt administrasyon piblik oswa menm nan sektè prive a. Nan yon efò pou klase zòn pwoteje yo globalman, [[Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature|Inyon Entènasyonal pou Konsèvasyon Lanati]] (UICN) chwazi sèvi ak tèm sa a pou zòn ki jere prensipalman pou rechèch syantifik oswa prezèvasyon resous. Yon rezèv natirèl kapab tou rekonèt [[Réserve mondiale de biosphère|kòm yon rezèv byosfè]] pa [[INESKO|UNESCO]], tankou [[Réserve naturelle du Baïkal|Rezèv Natirèl Baikal]] nan Larisi. bma2ei5nspptripgv2ybpwz0ndy7bkk 883270 883269 2026-07-26T21:13:48Z Chersie06 28851 883270 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral ".. * Klasifikasyon yon zòn kòm yon rezèv natirèl jeneralman gen pou objektif pwoteje anviwònman an kont enpak dirèk aktivite imen ki ta ka degrade anviwònman an oswa fè espès yo mal (polisyon entansyonèl oswa envolontè, krim ensandi, eksplwatasyon, lachas, elatriye). Pafwa, manadjè a fè rechèch tou atravè yon " plan jesyon "pou limite plis oubyen mwens fenomèn natirèl tankou dife, ranpli natirèl yon lak, fèmti natirèl yon gazon sèk, elatriye. * Diferan lwa nasyonal, endepandan youn ak lòt, defini rezèv natirèl yo, ki gen objektif ak règleman diferan. Selon kontèks la, inisyativ pou kreye yon rezèv la ka soti nan Leta a, nan yon lòt administrasyon piblik oswa menm nan sektè prive a. Nan yon efò pou klase zòn pwoteje yo globalman, [[Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature|Inyon Entènasyonal pou Konsèvasyon Lanati]] (UICN) chwazi sèvi ak tèm sa a pou zòn ki jere prensipalman pou rechèch syantifik oswa prezèvasyon resous. Yon rezèv natirèl kapab tou rekonèt [[Réserve mondiale de biosphère|kòm yon rezèv byosfè]] pa [[INESKO|UNESCO]], tankou [[Réserve naturelle du Baïkal|Rezèv Natirèl Baikal]] nan Larisi. * Gen rezèv anba dlo, rezèv riral e menm rezèv iben, ak [[Parc naturel marin|pak natirèl maren]] . 2sly6dxrj8llgrtklpjknr3shshqblm 883271 883270 2026-07-26T21:14:37Z Chersie06 28851 883271 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral ".. * Klasifikasyon yon zòn kòm yon rezèv natirèl jeneralman gen pou objektif pwoteje anviwònman an kont enpak dirèk aktivite imen ki ta ka degrade anviwònman an oswa fè espès yo mal (polisyon entansyonèl oswa envolontè, krim ensandi, eksplwatasyon, lachas, elatriye). Pafwa, manadjè a fè rechèch tou atravè yon " plan jesyon "pou limite plis oubyen mwens fenomèn natirèl tankou dife, ranpli natirèl yon lak, fèmti natirèl yon gazon sèk, elatriye. * Diferan lwa nasyonal, endepandan youn ak lòt, defini rezèv natirèl yo, ki gen objektif ak règleman diferan. Selon kontèks la, inisyativ pou kreye yon rezèv la ka soti nan Leta a, nan yon lòt administrasyon piblik oswa menm nan sektè prive a. Nan yon efò pou klase zòn pwoteje yo globalman, [[Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature|Inyon Entènasyonal pou Konsèvasyon Lanati]] (UICN) chwazi sèvi ak tèm sa a pou zòn ki jere prensipalman pou rechèch syantifik oswa prezèvasyon resous. Yon rezèv natirèl kapab tou rekonèt [[Réserve mondiale de biosphère|kòm yon rezèv byosfè]] pa [[INESKO|UNESCO]], tankou [[Réserve naturelle du Baïkal|Rezèv Natirèl Baikal]] nan Larisi. * Gen rezèv anba dlo, rezèv riral e menm rezèv iben, ak [[Parc naturel marin|pak natirèl maren]] . * Ekriven ak natiralis franse a, [[François Terrasson|François Terrasson,]] ensiste sou [[Paradoxe|paradoks]] intrinsèk konsèp " rezèv natirèl "Lanati, nan definisyon klasik li, se sa ki endepandan de aktivite ak listwa moun, alòske tèm rezèv la vle di aksyon moun (omwen esklizyon)." Dapre otè sa a, deziyasyon sa a se yon kalite " doub lyen ", yon sous [[Dissonance cognitive|disonans kognitif]] pou piblik la an jeneral epi tou yon sous malèz pou anpil natiralis ak jesyonè (ki konnen ke lanati se jisteman pou anpil moun, sa yo pa ka jere men ki soutni tèt li). San l pa nye itilite yo (kòm yon zòn konsèvasyon tanporè), li denonse lefèt ke yo pa t deziyen sa yo te ye tout bon vre epi souvan yo te sèvi kòm yon kouvèti lafimen lè yo pa t andose destriksyon jeneralize lanati ozalantou zòn pwoteje yo. * th21nt1fcxwfgg4nynlrgnsgsq38myn 883272 883271 2026-07-26T21:15:12Z Chersie06 28851 883272 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral ".. * Klasifikasyon yon zòn kòm yon rezèv natirèl jeneralman gen pou objektif pwoteje anviwònman an kont enpak dirèk aktivite imen ki ta ka degrade anviwònman an oswa fè espès yo mal (polisyon entansyonèl oswa envolontè, krim ensandi, eksplwatasyon, lachas, elatriye). Pafwa, manadjè a fè rechèch tou atravè yon " plan jesyon "pou limite plis oubyen mwens fenomèn natirèl tankou dife, ranpli natirèl yon lak, fèmti natirèl yon gazon sèk, elatriye. * Diferan lwa nasyonal, endepandan youn ak lòt, defini rezèv natirèl yo, ki gen objektif ak règleman diferan. Selon kontèks la, inisyativ pou kreye yon rezèv la ka soti nan Leta a, nan yon lòt administrasyon piblik oswa menm nan sektè prive a. Nan yon efò pou klase zòn pwoteje yo globalman, [[Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature|Inyon Entènasyonal pou Konsèvasyon Lanati]] (UICN) chwazi sèvi ak tèm sa a pou zòn ki jere prensipalman pou rechèch syantifik oswa prezèvasyon resous. Yon rezèv natirèl kapab tou rekonèt [[Réserve mondiale de biosphère|kòm yon rezèv byosfè]] pa [[INESKO|UNESCO]], tankou [[Réserve naturelle du Baïkal|Rezèv Natirèl Baikal]] nan Larisi. * Gen rezèv anba dlo, rezèv riral e menm rezèv iben, ak [[Parc naturel marin|pak natirèl maren]] . * Ekriven ak natiralis franse a, [[François Terrasson|François Terrasson,]] ensiste sou [[Paradoxe|paradoks]] intrinsèk konsèp " rezèv natirèl "Lanati, nan definisyon klasik li, se sa ki endepandan de aktivite ak listwa moun, alòske tèm rezèv la vle di aksyon moun (omwen esklizyon)." Dapre otè sa a, deziyasyon sa a se yon kalite " doub lyen ", yon sous [[Dissonance cognitive|disonans kognitif]] pou piblik la an jeneral epi tou yon sous malèz pou anpil natiralis ak jesyonè (ki konnen ke lanati se jisteman pou anpil moun, sa yo pa ka jere men ki soutni tèt li). San l pa nye itilite yo (kòm yon zòn konsèvasyon tanporè), li denonse lefèt ke yo pa t deziyen sa yo te ye tout bon vre epi souvan yo te sèvi kòm yon kouvèti lafimen lè yo pa t andose destriksyon jeneralize lanati ozalantou zòn pwoteje yo. == Referans == tdq8jtsebin0qt9i1a1ogoo02blcgis 883273 883272 2026-07-26T21:18:35Z Chersie06 28851 883273 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral ".. * Klasifikasyon yon zòn kòm yon rezèv natirèl jeneralman gen pou objektif pwoteje anviwònman an kont enpak dirèk aktivite imen ki ta ka degrade anviwònman an oswa fè espès yo mal (polisyon entansyonèl oswa envolontè, krim ensandi, eksplwatasyon, lachas, elatriye). Pafwa, manadjè a fè rechèch tou atravè yon " plan jesyon "pou limite plis oubyen mwens fenomèn natirèl tankou dife, ranpli natirèl yon lak, fèmti natirèl yon gazon sèk, elatriye. * Diferan lwa nasyonal, endepandan youn ak lòt, defini rezèv natirèl yo, ki gen objektif ak règleman diferan. Selon kontèks la, inisyativ pou kreye yon rezèv la ka soti nan Leta a, nan yon lòt administrasyon piblik oswa menm nan sektè prive a. Nan yon efò pou klase zòn pwoteje yo globalman, [[Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature|Inyon Entènasyonal pou Konsèvasyon Lanati]] (UICN) chwazi sèvi ak tèm sa a pou zòn ki jere prensipalman pou rechèch syantifik oswa prezèvasyon resous. Yon rezèv natirèl kapab tou rekonèt [[Réserve mondiale de biosphère|kòm yon rezèv byosfè]] pa [[INESKO|UNESCO]], tankou [[Réserve naturelle du Baïkal|Rezèv Natirèl Baikal]] nan Larisi. Gen rezèv anba dlo, rezèv riral e menm rezèv iben, ak [[Parc naturel marin|pak natirèl maren]] . == Istorik == Konsèp yon rezèv natirèl la soti nan [[Lantikite|antikite]] . Farawon [[Akhenaton]] te etabli premye rezèv natirèl la nan lane 1370 anvan Jezikri. C. Anperè Endyen [[Ashoka]] te dekrete nan III syèk la syèk BC -C. premye dekrè ki pwoteje diferan espès bèt sovaj, ki te kreye yon kalite {{Lien|refuge faunique|langue=en|trad=Wildlife refuge}} <ref>{{Cite book}}.</ref> {{,}} <ref>{{Cite book}}.</ref> . == Referans == 724t9783839p66w4p29m2e30j66iw1f 883275 883273 2026-07-26T21:21:46Z Chersie06 28851 /* Istorik */ 883275 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral ".. * Klasifikasyon yon zòn kòm yon rezèv natirèl jeneralman gen pou objektif pwoteje anviwònman an kont enpak dirèk aktivite imen ki ta ka degrade anviwònman an oswa fè espès yo mal (polisyon entansyonèl oswa envolontè, krim ensandi, eksplwatasyon, lachas, elatriye). Pafwa, manadjè a fè rechèch tou atravè yon " plan jesyon "pou limite plis oubyen mwens fenomèn natirèl tankou dife, ranpli natirèl yon lak, fèmti natirèl yon gazon sèk, elatriye. * Diferan lwa nasyonal, endepandan youn ak lòt, defini rezèv natirèl yo, ki gen objektif ak règleman diferan. Selon kontèks la, inisyativ pou kreye yon rezèv la ka soti nan Leta a, nan yon lòt administrasyon piblik oswa menm nan sektè prive a. Nan yon efò pou klase zòn pwoteje yo globalman, [[Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature|Inyon Entènasyonal pou Konsèvasyon Lanati]] (UICN) chwazi sèvi ak tèm sa a pou zòn ki jere prensipalman pou rechèch syantifik oswa prezèvasyon resous. Yon rezèv natirèl kapab tou rekonèt [[Réserve mondiale de biosphère|kòm yon rezèv byosfè]] pa [[INESKO|UNESCO]], tankou [[Réserve naturelle du Baïkal|Rezèv Natirèl Baikal]] nan Larisi. Gen rezèv anba dlo, rezèv riral e menm rezèv iben, ak [[Parc naturel marin|pak natirèl maren]] . == Istorik == Konsèp yon rezèv natirèl la soti nan [[Lantikite|antikite]] . Farawon [[Akhenaton]] te etabli premye rezèv natirèl la nan lane 1370 anvan Jezikri. C. Anperè Endyen [[Ashoka]] te dekrete nan III syèk la syèk BC -C. premye dekrè ki pwoteje diferan espès bèt sovaj, ki te kreye yon kalite {{Lien|refuge faunique|langue=en|trad=Wildlife refuge}} <ref>{{Cite book}}.</ref> {{,}} <ref>{{Cite book}}.</ref> . Natiralis ak eksploratè britanik Charles Waterton te rekonèt kòm fondatè premye rezèv natirèl nan mond lan nan sans modèn li lè li te transfòme pwopriyete Walton Hall li a nan West Yorkshire an 1821 an yon rezèv jibye ak bèt sovaj pwoteje pa yon miray twa kilomèt longè<ref>{{ouvrage|langue=en|auteur=Peter Marren|titre=Nature conservation: a review of the conservation of wildlife in Britain, 1950-2001|éditeur=[[HarperCollins]]|date=2002|passage=110}}.</ref> == Referans == j8gx0uhxnyrel57ptdge2d25mdp93ej 883277 883275 2026-07-26T21:23:27Z Chersie06 28851 /* Istorik */ 883277 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral ".. * Klasifikasyon yon zòn kòm yon rezèv natirèl jeneralman gen pou objektif pwoteje anviwònman an kont enpak dirèk aktivite imen ki ta ka degrade anviwònman an oswa fè espès yo mal (polisyon entansyonèl oswa envolontè, krim ensandi, eksplwatasyon, lachas, elatriye). Pafwa, manadjè a fè rechèch tou atravè yon " plan jesyon "pou limite plis oubyen mwens fenomèn natirèl tankou dife, ranpli natirèl yon lak, fèmti natirèl yon gazon sèk, elatriye. * Diferan lwa nasyonal, endepandan youn ak lòt, defini rezèv natirèl yo, ki gen objektif ak règleman diferan. Selon kontèks la, inisyativ pou kreye yon rezèv la ka soti nan Leta a, nan yon lòt administrasyon piblik oswa menm nan sektè prive a. Nan yon efò pou klase zòn pwoteje yo globalman, [[Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature|Inyon Entènasyonal pou Konsèvasyon Lanati]] (UICN) chwazi sèvi ak tèm sa a pou zòn ki jere prensipalman pou rechèch syantifik oswa prezèvasyon resous. Yon rezèv natirèl kapab tou rekonèt [[Réserve mondiale de biosphère|kòm yon rezèv byosfè]] pa [[INESKO|UNESCO]], tankou [[Réserve naturelle du Baïkal|Rezèv Natirèl Baikal]] nan Larisi. Gen rezèv anba dlo, rezèv riral e menm rezèv iben, ak [[Parc naturel marin|pak natirèl maren]] . == Istorik == Konsèp yon rezèv natirèl la soti nan [[Lantikite|antikite]] . Farawon [[Akhenaton]] te etabli premye rezèv natirèl la nan lane 1370 anvan Jezikri. C. Anperè Endyen [[Ashoka]] te dekrete nan III syèk la syèk BC -C. premye dekrè ki pwoteje diferan espès bèt sovaj, ki te kreye yon kalite {{Lien|refuge faunique|langue=en|trad=Wildlife refuge}} <ref>{{Cite book}}.</ref> {{,}} <ref>{{Cite book}}.</ref> . Natiralis ak eksploratè britanik Charles Waterton te rekonèt kòm fondatè premye rezèv natirèl nan mond lan nan sans modèn li lè li te transfòme pwopriyete Walton Hall li a nan West Yorkshire an 1821 an yon rezèv jibye ak bèt sovaj pwoteje pa yon miray twa kilomèt longè<ref>{{ouvrage|langue=en|auteur=Peter Marren|titre=Nature conservation: a review of the conservation of wildlife in Britain, 1950-2001|éditeur=[[HarperCollins]]|date=2002|passage=110}}.</ref> An Frans, atis Théodore Rousseau, ki te enkyete pou endistriyalizasyon san kontwòl, te jwenn klasifikasyon yon pati nan forè Fontainebleau a kòm yon "rezèv atistik" an 1853, rekonèt ofisyèlman an 1861, konsa pwoteje fon ak plant yo[1]. == Referans == qqu8yzy7nzmdjqkxzhq8dwualxis30h 883278 883277 2026-07-26T21:23:59Z Chersie06 28851 /* Istorik */ 883278 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''rezèv natirèl''' (oswa yon rezèv ekolojik, yon rezèv byolojik ''...'' ) se yon kalite [[Espas pwoteje|zòn pwoteje]], menm jan ak [[Parcs nationaux|pak nasyonal yo]] . Yo pwoteje plis oswa mwens nèt pa règleman ak divès pwosedi ansanm ak mwayen fizik ak siveyans. : * pou prezève ak jere resous natirèl remakab oswa menase. Li ta ka : ** espès bèt ak plant vivan, oubyen abita eritaj, ** nan yon eta potansyèl ke yon moun ap chache retabli, ** [[mineral]], [[fosil]] (pa egzanp : rezèv jewolojik yo » an Frans <ref>France. Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Billet, P., & naturelles de France, R. (2002). ''La protection du patrimoine géologique'' ; ATEN (Atelier technique des espaces naturels) et http://ct67.espaces-naturels.fr/ résumé par ENF]</ref> ), ** nan peyizaj eksepsyonèl, nan wo " natirèlite "oswa moun ki pote enfòmasyon sou listwa limanite." * ki ka gen ladan aktivite tradisyonèl popilasyon endijèn yo, si yo konpatib ak objektif ki anwo yo (epi si se pa yon " rezèv natirèl entegral ".. * Klasifikasyon yon zòn kòm yon rezèv natirèl jeneralman gen pou objektif pwoteje anviwònman an kont enpak dirèk aktivite imen ki ta ka degrade anviwònman an oswa fè espès yo mal (polisyon entansyonèl oswa envolontè, krim ensandi, eksplwatasyon, lachas, elatriye). Pafwa, manadjè a fè rechèch tou atravè yon " plan jesyon "pou limite plis oubyen mwens fenomèn natirèl tankou dife, ranpli natirèl yon lak, fèmti natirèl yon gazon sèk, elatriye. * Diferan lwa nasyonal, endepandan youn ak lòt, defini rezèv natirèl yo, ki gen objektif ak règleman diferan. Selon kontèks la, inisyativ pou kreye yon rezèv la ka soti nan Leta a, nan yon lòt administrasyon piblik oswa menm nan sektè prive a. Nan yon efò pou klase zòn pwoteje yo globalman, [[Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature|Inyon Entènasyonal pou Konsèvasyon Lanati]] (UICN) chwazi sèvi ak tèm sa a pou zòn ki jere prensipalman pou rechèch syantifik oswa prezèvasyon resous. Yon rezèv natirèl kapab tou rekonèt [[Réserve mondiale de biosphère|kòm yon rezèv byosfè]] pa [[INESKO|UNESCO]], tankou [[Réserve naturelle du Baïkal|Rezèv Natirèl Baikal]] nan Larisi. Gen rezèv anba dlo, rezèv riral e menm rezèv iben, ak [[Parc naturel marin|pak natirèl maren]] . == Istorik == Konsèp yon rezèv natirèl la soti nan [[Lantikite|antikite]] . Farawon [[Akhenaton]] te etabli premye rezèv natirèl la nan lane 1370 anvan Jezikri. C. Anperè Endyen [[Ashoka]] te dekrete nan III syèk la syèk BC -C. premye dekrè ki pwoteje diferan espès bèt sovaj, ki te kreye yon kalite {{Lien|refuge faunique|langue=en|trad=Wildlife refuge}} <ref>{{Cite book}}.</ref> {{,}} <ref>{{Cite book}}.</ref> . Natiralis ak eksploratè britanik Charles Waterton te rekonèt kòm fondatè premye rezèv natirèl nan mond lan nan sans modèn li lè li te transfòme pwopriyete Walton Hall li a nan West Yorkshire an 1821 an yon rezèv jibye ak bèt sovaj pwoteje pa yon miray twa kilomèt longè<ref>{{ouvrage|langue=en|auteur=Peter Marren|titre=Nature conservation: a review of the conservation of wildlife in Britain, 1950-2001|éditeur=[[HarperCollins]]|date=2002|passage=110}}.</ref> An Frans, atis Théodore Rousseau, ki te enkyete pou endistriyalizasyon san kontwòl, te jwenn klasifikasyon yon pati nan forè Fontainebleau a kòm yon "rezèv atistik" an 1853, rekonèt ofisyèlman an 1861, konsa pwoteje fon ak plant yo<ref>{{Article|langue=fr|titre=Les expositions à ne pas rater en 2024 : Henri Matisse, Van Eyck, Vera Molnar, Théodore Rousseau…|périodique=Le Monde.fr|date=2024-01-12|lire en ligne=https://www.lemonde.fr/culture/article/2024/01/12/les-expositions-a-ne-pas-rater-en-2024-henri-matisse-van-eyck-vera-molnar-theodore-rousseau_6210314_3246.html|consulté le=2024-01}}</ref>. == Referans == beg9c4mh56b643q1veuagx6lr6mwb5s 0 97757 883274 2026-07-26T21:20:06Z Michadel 36167 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/237761677|Mangrove]] » 883274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Biome|nom=Mangroves|image=Rhizophora-forest.jpg|légende=''[[Rhizophora mangle]]'' au [[Brésil]].|superficie=150000|pourcentage=0.1%|ref_superficie=<ref>Approximation arrondie au {{formatnum:100000}} et pour une surface terrestre totale de {{unité|146300000|km|2}}, d'après les données du WildFinder : {{Lien web|auteur=World Wildlife Fund|lien auteur=World Wildlife Fund|url=http://worldwildlife.org/science/wildfinder/|titre=WildFinder: Online database of species distributions|mois=Janvier|année=2006}}.</ref>|latitudes=[[30e parallèle sud|30°&nbsp;Sud]] à [[30e parallèle nord|30°&nbsp;Nord]]|climat=[[Climat tropical|tropical]], [[Climat subtropical|Subtropical]] et Tempéré chaud ( 35°à 40° au soleil et 30° à l'ombre)|végétation=|carte=World_map_mangrove_distribution.jpg}}'''Mangròv''' se yon [[ekosistèm]] marekaj maritim ki gen ladan yon gwoup vejetal spefik, sitou plant bwa, ki devlope sèlman nan [[Zòn entètidal|zòn entèmare]] kòt ki ba nan rejyon [[Twopik|twopikal]] yo. Ou jwenn marekaj mangròv tou nan [[Anbouchi (idwoloji)|bouch]] kèk rivyè, raman nan dlo dous . Li fè pati youn nan katòz gwo [[Biyòm|byòm]] terès ke yo WWF defini. [[Kategori:Biyòm]] kkobgkwsfz3zm0tpgspjv8h1tc5073x 883276 883274 2026-07-26T21:22:46Z Michadel 36167 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/237761677|Mangrove]] » 883276 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Biome|nom=Mangroves|image=Rhizophora-forest.jpg|légende=''[[Rhizophora mangle]]'' au [[Brésil]].|superficie=150000|pourcentage=0.1%|ref_superficie=<ref>Approximation arrondie au {{formatnum:100000}} et pour une surface terrestre totale de {{unité|146300000|km|2}}, d'après les données du WildFinder : {{Lien web|auteur=World Wildlife Fund|lien auteur=World Wildlife Fund|url=http://worldwildlife.org/science/wildfinder/|titre=WildFinder: Online database of species distributions|mois=Janvier|année=2006}}.</ref>|latitudes=[[30e parallèle sud|30°&nbsp;Sud]] à [[30e parallèle nord|30°&nbsp;Nord]]|climat=[[Climat tropical|tropical]], [[Climat subtropical|Subtropical]] et Tempéré chaud ( 35°à 40° au soleil et 30° à l'ombre)|végétation=|carte=World_map_mangrove_distribution.jpg}}'''Mangròv''' se yon [[ekosistèm]] marekaj maritim ki gen ladan yon gwoup vejetal spefik, sitou plant bwa, ki devlope sèlman nan [[Zòn entètidal|zòn entèmare]] kòt ki ba nan rejyon [[Twopik|twopikal]] yo. Ou jwenn marekaj mangròv tou nan [[Anbouchi (idwoloji)|bouch]] kèk rivyè, raman nan dlo dous . Li fè pati youn nan katòz gwo [[Biyòm|byòm]] terès ke yo WWF defini. == Repatisyon jewografik == [[Fichye:Mangrove_auf_Cayo_Levisa,_Kuba.jpg|vignette| Eleman avanse nan yon mangròv [[Kiba|Kiben]] Pafwa mangròv yo bay enpresyon y ap avanse sou rasin yo. Yo montre konpòtman tankou espès pyonye, souvan ede estabilize litoral la.]] [[Fichye:Mangroves_in_Tai_O_-_2007-05-05_15h58m58s+++.JPG|vignette| Mangròv peri-iben k ap estabilize labou epi pirifye dlo, pwoteje kont tanpèt nan Tai O, toupre [[Hong Kong]], Lachin.]] [[Kategori:Biyòm]] 1zj2nyemfe3ce4tsnz24hec771h891l 883279 883276 2026-07-26T21:27:06Z Michadel 36167 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/237761677|Mangrove]] » 883279 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Biome|nom=Mangroves|image=Rhizophora-forest.jpg|légende=''[[Rhizophora mangle]]'' au [[Brésil]].|superficie=150000|pourcentage=0.1%|ref_superficie=<ref>Approximation arrondie au {{formatnum:100000}} et pour une surface terrestre totale de {{unité|146300000|km|2}}, d'après les données du WildFinder : {{Lien web|auteur=World Wildlife Fund|lien auteur=World Wildlife Fund|url=http://worldwildlife.org/science/wildfinder/|titre=WildFinder: Online database of species distributions|mois=Janvier|année=2006}}.</ref>|latitudes=[[30e parallèle sud|30°&nbsp;Sud]] à [[30e parallèle nord|30°&nbsp;Nord]]|climat=[[Climat tropical|tropical]], [[Climat subtropical|Subtropical]] et Tempéré chaud ( 35°à 40° au soleil et 30° à l'ombre)|végétation=|carte=World_map_mangrove_distribution.jpg}}'''Mangròv''' se yon [[ekosistèm]] marekaj maritim ki gen ladan yon gwoup vejetal spefik, sitou plant bwa, ki devlope sèlman nan [[Zòn entètidal|zòn entèmare]] kòt ki ba nan rejyon [[Twopik|twopikal]] yo. Ou jwenn marekaj mangròv tou nan [[Anbouchi (idwoloji)|bouch]] kèk rivyè, raman nan dlo dous . Li fè pati youn nan katòz gwo [[Biyòm|byòm]] terès ke yo WWF defini. == Repatisyon jewografik == [[Fichye:Mangrove_auf_Cayo_Levisa,_Kuba.jpg|vignette| Eleman avanse nan yon mangròv [[Kiba|Kiben]] Pafwa mangròv yo bay enpresyon y ap avanse sou rasin yo. Yo montre konpòtman tankou espès pyonye, souvan ede estabilize litoral la.]] [[Fichye:Mangroves_in_Tai_O_-_2007-05-05_15h58m58s+++.JPG|vignette| Mangròv peri-iben k ap estabilize labou epi pirifye dlo, pwoteje kont tanpèt nan Tai O, toupre [[Hong Kong]], Lachin.]] Mangròv devlope sou lotoral yo nan zòn ki kalm e ki pa fon. Li okipe twa ka nan kòt yo ak delta rejyon twopikal yo, sa ki asire yon ekselan pwoteksyon kont [[ewozyon]] e menm [[Radmare|tsounami]] . Li kouvri yon sipèfisi apeprè {{Unité|150000|km|2}} sou planèt nou an <ref>Estimation de l'année 2000 faite par la FAO {{Cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/005/Y7581F/y7581f04.htm#P0_08|title=Conversion et conservation des mangroves|publisher=FAO|access-date=28/05/2007}}</ref> . Li sitiye sou zòn kotyè yo ant 30yèm paralèl nò a ak 30yèm paralèl sid la, sa vle di [[Twopik|zòn entètropikal]] la. Avèk rechofman planèt la, li gen tandans deplase pi lwen nan nò <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/mangrove-trees-are-on-the-move-taking-the-tropics-with-them/|title=Mangrove Trees Are on the Move, Taking the Tropics with Them|last=Adno|first=Michael|date=2024-07-01|website=Scientific American|language=en|access-date=2024-09-16}}</ref> . [[Kategori:Biyòm]] 8yn0atn0nv4ro1713fetwx052rcnl0v 883281 883279 2026-07-26T21:27:39Z Michadel 36167 Li kreye pa tradui paj « [[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/237761677|Mangrove]] » 883281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Biome|nom=Mangroves|image=Rhizophora-forest.jpg|légende=''[[Rhizophora mangle]]'' au [[Brésil]].|superficie=150000|pourcentage=0.1%|ref_superficie=<ref>Approximation arrondie au {{formatnum:100000}} et pour une surface terrestre totale de {{unité|146300000|km|2}}, d'après les données du WildFinder : {{Lien web|auteur=World Wildlife Fund|lien auteur=World Wildlife Fund|url=http://worldwildlife.org/science/wildfinder/|titre=WildFinder: Online database of species distributions|mois=Janvier|année=2006}}.</ref>|latitudes=[[30e parallèle sud|30°&nbsp;Sud]] à [[30e parallèle nord|30°&nbsp;Nord]]|climat=[[Climat tropical|tropical]], [[Climat subtropical|Subtropical]] et Tempéré chaud ( 35°à 40° au soleil et 30° à l'ombre)|végétation=|carte=World_map_mangrove_distribution.jpg}}'''Mangròv''' se yon [[ekosistèm]] marekaj maritim ki gen ladan yon gwoup vejetal spefik, sitou plant bwa, ki devlope sèlman nan [[Zòn entètidal|zòn entèmare]] kòt ki ba nan rejyon [[Twopik|twopikal]] yo. Ou jwenn marekaj mangròv tou nan [[Anbouchi (idwoloji)|bouch]] kèk rivyè, raman nan dlo dous . Li fè pati youn nan katòz gwo [[Biyòm|byòm]] terès ke yo WWF defini. == Repatisyon jewografik == [[Fichye:Mangrove_auf_Cayo_Levisa,_Kuba.jpg|vignette| Eleman avanse nan yon mangròv [[Kiba|Kiben]] Pafwa mangròv yo bay enpresyon y ap avanse sou rasin yo. Yo montre konpòtman tankou espès pyonye, souvan ede estabilize litoral la.]] [[Fichye:Mangroves_in_Tai_O_-_2007-05-05_15h58m58s+++.JPG|vignette| Mangròv peri-iben k ap estabilize labou epi pirifye dlo, pwoteje kont tanpèt nan Tai O, toupre [[Hong Kong]], Lachin.]] Mangròv devlope sou lotoral yo nan zòn ki kalm e ki pa fon. Li okipe twa ka nan kòt yo ak delta rejyon twopikal yo, sa ki asire yon ekselan pwoteksyon kont [[ewozyon]] e menm [[Radmare|tsounami]] . Li kouvri yon sipèfisi apeprè {{Unité|150000|km|2}} sou planèt nou an <ref>Estimation de l'année 2000 faite par la FAO {{Cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/005/Y7581F/y7581f04.htm#P0_08|title=Conversion et conservation des mangroves|publisher=FAO|access-date=28/05/2007}}</ref> . Li sitiye sou zòn kotyè yo ant 30yèm paralèl nò a ak 30yèm paralèl sid la, sa vle di [[Twopik|zòn entètropikal]] la. Avèk rechofman planèt la, li gen tandans deplase pi lwen nan nò <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/mangrove-trees-are-on-the-move-taking-the-tropics-with-them/|title=Mangrove Trees Are on the Move, Taking the Tropics with Them|last=Adno|first=Michael|date=2024-07-01|website=Scientific American|language=en|access-date=2024-09-16}}</ref> . == Nòt ak referans == {{Referans}} [[Kategori:Biyòm]] fqjx17l2vx2qgunsnno4pnlc1p5hai0 0 97758 883280 2026-07-26T21:27:08Z Chersie06 28851 Paj ki kreye ak " Yon '''zile koray''' se yon kalite [[Il|zile]] ki fòme ak debri [[koral|koray]] ak matyè òganik ki asosye avèk li <ref name="britannicaCoralIsland">{{Cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/137072/coral-island|title=coral island|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2012-12-26}}</ref> . Sa rive nan zòn [[Zones tropicales|twopikal]] ak [[Zone subtropicale|subtropikal]], anjeneral kòm yon pati nan yon [[resif koray]] ki devlope kouvri yon zòn... " 883280 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''zile koray''' se yon kalite [[Il|zile]] ki fòme ak debri [[koral|koray]] ak matyè òganik ki asosye avèk li <ref name="britannicaCoralIsland">{{Cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/137072/coral-island|title=coral island|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2012-12-26}}</ref> . Sa rive nan zòn [[Zones tropicales|twopikal]] ak [[Zone subtropicale|subtropikal]], anjeneral kòm yon pati nan yon [[resif koray]] ki devlope kouvri yon zòn pi gwo anba dlo. sienmhib1zr58ht3aq1kn3nxpmnhfjc 883282 883280 2026-07-26T21:28:42Z Chersie06 28851 883282 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''zile koray''' se yon kalite [[Il|zile]] ki fòme ak debri [[koral|koray]] ak matyè òganik ki asosye avèk li <ref name="britannicaCoralIsland">{{Cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/137072/coral-island|title=coral island|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2012-12-26}}</ref> . Sa rive nan zòn [[Zones tropicales|twopikal]] ak [[Zone subtropicale|subtropikal]], anjeneral kòm yon pati nan yon [[resif koray]] ki devlope kouvri yon zòn pi gwo anba dlo. == Ekosistèm == [[Resif koray]] yo se pami [[ekosistèm]] ki pi ansyen sou planèt la, yo te fòme gwo resif [[Calcaire|kalkè]] sou [[Echèl tan jeyolojik|tan jeolojik]] . Anviwònman resif la sipòte plis espès plant ak bèt pase nenpòt lòt [[Habitat (écologie)|abita]] <ref name="BarnesMann1991AquaticEcology">{{Cite book}}</ref> {{,}} <ref name="Fuchs">{{Atik}}</ref> . Resif koray yo enpòtan pou lavi nan plizyè fason, kèk nan yo gen ladan estrikti, [[ekoloji]], ak [[Cycle des nutriments|sik eleman nitritif]], tout bagay sa yo sipòte [[Biyodivèsite|divèsite byolojik]] nan resif yo. 70aax7s9htrg09c44wx67k8k4iytvso 883283 883282 2026-07-26T21:30:16Z Chersie06 28851 /* Ekosistèm */ 883283 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''zile koray''' se yon kalite [[Il|zile]] ki fòme ak debri [[koral|koray]] ak matyè òganik ki asosye avèk li <ref name="britannicaCoralIsland">{{Cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/137072/coral-island|title=coral island|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2012-12-26}}</ref> . Sa rive nan zòn [[Zones tropicales|twopikal]] ak [[Zone subtropicale|subtropikal]], anjeneral kòm yon pati nan yon [[resif koray]] ki devlope kouvri yon zòn pi gwo anba dlo. == Ekosistèm == [[Resif koray]] yo se pami [[ekosistèm]] ki pi ansyen sou planèt la, yo te fòme gwo resif [[Calcaire|kalkè]] sou [[Echèl tan jeyolojik|tan jeolojik]] . Anviwònman resif la sipòte plis espès plant ak bèt pase nenpòt lòt [[Habitat (écologie)|abita]] <ref name="BarnesMann1991AquaticEcology">{{Cite book}}</ref> {{,}} <ref name="Fuchs">{{Atik}}</ref> . Resif koray yo enpòtan pou lavi nan plizyè fason, kèk nan yo gen ladan estrikti, [[ekoloji]], ak [[Cycle des nutriments|sik eleman nitritif]], tout bagay sa yo sipòte [[Biyodivèsite|divèsite byolojik]] nan resif yo. == Referans == 1pk4x2766h8dj5sglfc2ph5tgkcmalp 883284 883283 2026-07-26T21:30:47Z Chersie06 28851 /* Ekosistèm */ 883284 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''zile koray''' se yon kalite [[Il|zile]] ki fòme ak debri [[koral|koray]] ak matyè òganik ki asosye avèk li <ref name="britannicaCoralIsland">{{Cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/137072/coral-island|title=coral island|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2012-12-26}}</ref> . Sa rive nan zòn [[Zones tropicales|twopikal]] ak [[Zone subtropicale|subtropikal]], anjeneral kòm yon pati nan yon [[resif koray]] ki devlope kouvri yon zòn pi gwo anba dlo. == Ekosistèm == [[Resif koray]] yo se pami [[ekosistèm]] ki pi ansyen sou planèt la, yo te fòme gwo resif [[Calcaire|kalkè]] sou [[Echèl tan jeyolojik|tan jeolojik]] . Anviwònman resif la sipòte plis espès plant ak bèt pase nenpòt lòt [[Habitat (écologie)|abita]] <ref name="BarnesMann1991AquaticEcology">{{Cite book}}</ref> {{,}} <ref name="Fuchs">{{Atik}}</ref> . Resif koray yo enpòtan pou lavi nan plizyè fason, kèk nan yo gen ladan estrikti, [[ekoloji]], ak [[Cycle des nutriments|sik eleman nitritif]], tout bagay sa yo sipòte [[Biyodivèsite|divèsite byolojik]] nan resif yo. Resif koray yo bati skelèt kalkè ki sèvi kòm refij pou bèt tankou [[pwason]] ki kache nan fant ak kwen resif la oswa [[Balanes|balan]] ki tache dirèkteman ak estrikti koray la. Estrikti a ede tou plant ki bezwen limyè solèy pou [[fotosentèz]] lè li leve yo nan direksyon sifas oseyan an kote limyè solèy la ka penetre dlo a. Estrikti a kreye tou zòn kalm nan oseyan an, sa ki bay yon kote pou pwason ak espès plant yo devlope. == Referans == s42ovu6x1hrixazgsbr8qp2u5peppw7 883285 883284 2026-07-26T21:31:16Z Chersie06 28851 /* Ekosistèm */ 883285 wikitext text/x-wiki Yon '''zile koray''' se yon kalite [[Il|zile]] ki fòme ak debri [[koral|koray]] ak matyè òganik ki asosye avèk li <ref name="britannicaCoralIsland">{{Cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/137072/coral-island|title=coral island|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2012-12-26}}</ref> . Sa rive nan zòn [[Zones tropicales|twopikal]] ak [[Zone subtropicale|subtropikal]], anjeneral kòm yon pati nan yon [[resif koray]] ki devlope kouvri yon zòn pi gwo anba dlo. == Ekosistèm == [[Resif koray]] yo se pami [[ekosistèm]] ki pi ansyen sou planèt la, yo te fòme gwo resif [[Calcaire|kalkè]] sou [[Echèl tan jeyolojik|tan jeolojik]] . Anviwònman resif la sipòte plis espès plant ak bèt pase nenpòt lòt [[Habitat (écologie)|abita]] <ref name="BarnesMann1991AquaticEcology">{{Cite book}}</ref> {{,}} <ref name="Fuchs">{{Atik}}</ref> . Resif koray yo enpòtan pou lavi nan plizyè fason, kèk nan yo gen ladan estrikti, [[ekoloji]], ak [[Cycle des nutriments|sik eleman nitritif]], tout bagay sa yo sipòte [[Biyodivèsite|divèsite byolojik]] nan resif yo. Resif koray yo bati skelèt kalkè ki sèvi kòm refij pou bèt tankou [[pwason]] ki kache nan fant ak kwen resif la oswa [[Balanes|balan]] ki tache dirèkteman ak estrikti koray la. Estrikti a ede tou plant ki bezwen limyè solèy pou [[fotosentèz]] lè li leve yo nan direksyon sifas oseyan an kote limyè solèy la ka penetre dlo a. Estrikti a kreye tou zòn kalm nan oseyan an, sa ki bay yon kote pou pwason ak espès plant yo devlope. Avèk tan jeolojik, yon resif ka rive sou sifas la epi vin tounen yon zile koray, kote yon nouvo ekosistèm fòme pou bèt terès yo <ref name="A Coral IslandL The story of One Tree">{{Cite book}}</ref> . == Referans == 93698jbko7j3b5lmddyp00wnoct5b93