Wikipedia iawiki https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagina_principal MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.23 first-letter Multimedia Special Discussion Usator Discussion Usator Wikipedia Discussion Wikipedia File Discussion File MediaWiki Discussion MediaWiki Patrono Discussion Patrono Adjuta Discussion Adjuta Categoria Discussion Categoria Portal Discussion Portal Appendice Discussion Appendice TimedText TimedText talk Modulo Discussion Modulo Evento Discussion Evento 4 36806 704178 697151 2026-10-12T20:30:07Z Nimmzo 56738 /* Invocation de un modulo Lua */ You can run the function named `[[Modulo:Exemplo#L-10|salute]]` in lowercase in [[Modulo:Exemplo]]. 704178 wikitext text/x-wiki Un '''modulo Lua''' es un programma scribite in le linguage de programmation [[Lua]].<br> Il es collocate in iste wiki sub le [[Wikipedia:Spatio de nomines|spatio de nomines]] <code>{{ns:828}}:nomineDeModulo</code>.<br> Un tal programma servi de extender le functionalitate de paginas wiki. == Invocation de un modulo Lua == Effectivemente se tracta de un forma avantiate e extendite de [[Wikipedia:Patrono|patrono]].<br> Le forma de appellar un modulo es un poco differente.<br> In loco de scriber: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{NomineDePatrono|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> In pagina de Usator, on debe scriber le nomine sin le prefixo <code>{{ns:828}}:</code> <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{#invoke:NomineDeModulo|function|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> Tu pote executar le function denominate '''<code>[[Modulo:Exemplo#L-10|salute]]</code>''' in minusculas in [[Modulo:Exemplo]]. == Info == * Le documentation pro le [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto|extension Scribunto]], que permitte tote isto. * [{{fullurl:Special:Tote le paginas|namespace=828}} Discoperi tote le modulos Lua installate sur iste servitor wiki] {{Pecietta|Wikipedia}} [[Categoria:Wikipedia:Mantenentia]] 353i5hqvoxr99g75uni83pqem3raz36 704179 704178 2026-10-12T20:40:08Z Nimmzo 56738 /* Invocation de un modulo Lua */ You do not need to install or save anything. This is the guiding principle of this wiki page: there is no need to `Publish changes` of your user page or any modifications to a Lua module. 704179 wikitext text/x-wiki Un '''modulo Lua''' es un programma scribite in le linguage de programmation [[Lua]].<br> Il es collocate in iste wiki sub le [[Wikipedia:Spatio de nomines|spatio de nomines]] <code>{{ns:828}}:nomineDeModulo</code>.<br> Un tal programma servi de extender le functionalitate de paginas wiki. == Invocation de un modulo Lua == Effectivemente se tracta de un forma avantiate e extendite de [[Wikipedia:Patrono|patrono]].<br> Le forma de appellar un modulo es un poco differente.<br> In loco de scriber: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{NomineDePatrono|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> In pagina de Usator, on debe scriber le nomine sin le prefixo <code>{{ns:828}}:</code> <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{#invoke:NomineDeModulo|function|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> Tu pote executar le function denominate '''<code>[[Modulo:Exemplo#L-10|salute]]</code>''' in minusculas in [[Modulo:Exemplo]].<br /> Il non es necessari installar o salvar alcun cosa. == Info == * Le documentation pro le [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto|extension Scribunto]], que permitte tote isto. * [{{fullurl:Special:Tote le paginas|namespace=828}} Discoperi tote le modulos Lua installate sur iste servitor wiki] {{Pecietta|Wikipedia}} [[Categoria:Wikipedia:Mantenentia]] 9qwo1wo1vjy575smr2u1vq3s2f2xtsp 704180 704179 2026-10-12T20:50:06Z Nimmzo 56738 /* Invocation de un modulo Lua */ 1. Edit your user page. 2. Paste the following call at the beginning of a new line on your user page 704180 wikitext text/x-wiki Un '''modulo Lua''' es un programma scribite in le linguage de programmation [[Lua]].<br> Il es collocate in iste wiki sub le [[Wikipedia:Spatio de nomines|spatio de nomines]] <code>{{ns:828}}:nomineDeModulo</code>.<br> Un tal programma servi de extender le functionalitate de paginas wiki. == Invocation de un modulo Lua == Effectivemente se tracta de un forma avantiate e extendite de [[Wikipedia:Patrono|patrono]].<br> Le forma de appellar un modulo es un poco differente.<br> In loco de scriber: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{NomineDePatrono|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> In pagina de Usator, on debe scriber le nomine sin le prefixo <code>{{ns:828}}:</code> <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{#invoke:NomineDeModulo|function|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> Tu pote executar le function denominate '''<code>[[Modulo:Exemplo#L-10|salute]]</code>''' in minusculas in [[Modulo:Exemplo]].<br /> Il non es necessari installar o salvar alcun cosa. # Modifica tu pagina de usator. # Colla le sequente appello al initio de un nove linea in tu pagina de usator: == Info == * Le documentation pro le [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto|extension Scribunto]], que permitte tote isto. * [{{fullurl:Special:Tote le paginas|namespace=828}} Discoperi tote le modulos Lua installate sur iste servitor wiki] {{Pecietta|Wikipedia}} [[Categoria:Wikipedia:Mantenentia]] ep2cy7bsimzj0f8semho055j6j6rjqu 704181 704180 2026-10-12T21:00:04Z Nimmzo 56738 /* Invocation de un modulo Lua */ Click "Copy" to copy the Lua code in the clipboard 704181 wikitext text/x-wiki Un '''modulo Lua''' es un programma scribite in le linguage de programmation [[Lua]].<br> Il es collocate in iste wiki sub le [[Wikipedia:Spatio de nomines|spatio de nomines]] <code>{{ns:828}}:nomineDeModulo</code>.<br> Un tal programma servi de extender le functionalitate de paginas wiki. == Invocation de un modulo Lua == Effectivemente se tracta de un forma avantiate e extendite de [[Wikipedia:Patrono|patrono]].<br> Le forma de appellar un modulo es un poco differente.<br> In loco de scriber: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{NomineDePatrono|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> In pagina de Usator, on debe scriber le nomine sin le prefixo <code>{{ns:828}}:</code> <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{#invoke:NomineDeModulo|function|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> Tu pote executar le function denominate '''<code>[[Modulo:Exemplo#L-10|salute]]</code>''' in minusculas in [[Modulo:Exemplo]].<br /> Il non es necessari installar o salvar alcun cosa. # Modifica tu pagina de usator. # Colla le sequente appello al initio de un nove linea in tu pagina de usator: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line highlight=1 copy> {{#invoke:Exemplo|salute}} </syntaxhighlight></blockquote> == Info == * Le documentation pro le [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto|extension Scribunto]], que permitte tote isto. * [{{fullurl:Special:Tote le paginas|namespace=828}} Discoperi tote le modulos Lua installate sur iste servitor wiki] {{Pecietta|Wikipedia}} [[Categoria:Wikipedia:Mantenentia]] 583y1nk02xkc31efvntbnjhsfr422wf 704182 704181 2026-10-12T21:10:12Z Nimmzo 56738 /* Invocation de un modulo Lua */ Click "Show preview". The call of the function `salute` in the [[Modulo:Exemplo]] is replaced with the following: 704182 wikitext text/x-wiki Un '''modulo Lua''' es un programma scribite in le linguage de programmation [[Lua]].<br> Il es collocate in iste wiki sub le [[Wikipedia:Spatio de nomines|spatio de nomines]] <code>{{ns:828}}:nomineDeModulo</code>.<br> Un tal programma servi de extender le functionalitate de paginas wiki. == Invocation de un modulo Lua == Effectivemente se tracta de un forma avantiate e extendite de [[Wikipedia:Patrono|patrono]].<br /> Le forma de appellar un modulo es un poco differente.<br> In loco de scriber: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{NomineDePatrono|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> In pagina de Usator, on debe scriber le nomine sin le prefixo <code>{{ns:828}}:</code> <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{#invoke:NomineDeModulo|function|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> Tu pote executar le function denominate '''<code>[[Modulo:Exemplo#L-10|salute]]</code>''' in minusculas in [[Modulo:Exemplo]].<br /> Il non es necessari installar o salvar alcun cosa. # Modifica tu pagina de usator. # Colla le sequente appello al initio de un nove linea in tu pagina de usator: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line highlight=1 copy> {{#invoke:Exemplo|salute}} </syntaxhighlight></blockquote> <ol start="3"> <li>Clicca <code>Monstrar </code>'''<code>previsualisation</code>'''.<br />Le appello del function <syntaxhighlight lang="lua" inline>salute</syntaxhighlight> in <code>Modulo:</code><code>Examplo</code> es reimplaciate per le sequente:</li> </ol> == Info == * Le documentation pro le [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto|extension Scribunto]], que permitte tote isto. * [{{fullurl:Special:Tote le paginas|namespace=828}} Discoperi tote le modulos Lua installate sur iste servitor wiki] {{Pecietta|Wikipedia}} [[Categoria:Wikipedia:Mantenentia]] tfy8euo7irh9sfwsm0lnde8h8fbjcok 704183 704182 2026-10-12T21:20:05Z Nimmzo 56738 /* Salute Mundo! in Lua */ The expected result in your user page becomes the shorter title of this chapter (one line in the left margin of menus) 704183 wikitext text/x-wiki Un '''modulo Lua''' es un programma scribite in le linguage de programmation [[Lua]].<br> Il es collocate in iste wiki sub le [[Wikipedia:Spatio de nomines|spatio de nomines]] <code>{{ns:828}}:nomineDeModulo</code>.<br> Un tal programma servi de extender le functionalitate de paginas wiki. == Salute Mundo! in Lua == Effectivemente se tracta de un forma avantiate e extendite de [[Wikipedia:Patrono|patrono]].<br /> Le forma de appellar un modulo es un poco differente.<br> In loco de scriber: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{NomineDePatrono|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> In pagina de Usator, on debe scriber le nomine sin le prefixo <code>{{ns:828}}:</code> <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{#invoke:NomineDeModulo|function|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> Tu pote executar le function denominate '''<code>[[Modulo:Exemplo#L-10|salute]]</code>''' in minusculas in [[Modulo:Exemplo]].<br /> Il non es necessari installar o salvar alcun cosa. # Modifica tu pagina de usator. # Colla le sequente appello al initio de un nove linea in tu pagina de usator: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line highlight=1 copy> {{#invoke:Exemplo|salute}} </syntaxhighlight></blockquote> <ol start="3"> <li>Clicca <code>Monstrar </code>'''<code>previsualisation</code>'''.<br />Le appello del function <syntaxhighlight lang="lua" inline>salute</syntaxhighlight> in <code>Modulo:</code><code>Examplo</code> es reimplaciate per le sequente:</li> </ol> <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line> Salute Mundo! </syntaxhighlight></blockquote> == Info == * Le documentation pro le [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto|extension Scribunto]], que permitte tote isto. * [{{fullurl:Special:Tote le paginas|namespace=828}} Discoperi tote le modulos Lua installate sur iste servitor wiki] {{Pecietta|Wikipedia}} [[Categoria:Wikipedia:Mantenentia]] 8mmhtbfkir5fadazaim1lsffg3dxfv5 704184 704183 2026-10-12T21:30:08Z Nimmzo 56738 /* Salute Mundo! in Lua */ Click "Cancel". When prompted, click "Leave". Your user page remains unchanged 704184 wikitext text/x-wiki Un '''modulo Lua''' es un programma scribite in le linguage de programmation [[Lua]].<br> Il es collocate in iste wiki sub le [[Wikipedia:Spatio de nomines|spatio de nomines]] <code>{{ns:828}}:nomineDeModulo</code>.<br> Un tal programma servi de extender le functionalitate de paginas wiki. == Salute Mundo! in Lua == Effectivemente se tracta de un forma avantiate e extendite de [[Wikipedia:Patrono|patrono]].<br /> Le forma de appellar un modulo es un poco differente.<br> In loco de scriber: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{NomineDePatrono|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> In pagina de Usator, on debe scriber le nomine sin le prefixo <code>{{ns:828}}:</code> <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{#invoke:NomineDeModulo|function|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> Tu pote executar le function denominate '''<code>[[Modulo:Exemplo#L-10|salute]]</code>''' in minusculas in [[Modulo:Exemplo]].<br /> Il non es necessari installar o salvar alcun cosa. # Modifica tu pagina de usator. # Colla le sequente appello al initio de un nove linea in tu pagina de usator: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line highlight=1 copy> {{#invoke:Exemplo|salute}} </syntaxhighlight></blockquote> <ol start="3"> <li>Clicca <code>Monstrar </code>'''<code>previsualisation</code>'''.<br />Le appello del function <syntaxhighlight lang="lua" inline>salute</syntaxhighlight> in <code>Modulo:</code><code>Examplo</code> es reimplaciate per le sequente:</li> </ol> <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line> Salute Mundo! </syntaxhighlight></blockquote> <ol start="4"> <li>Clicca <code style="color:#bf3c2c;>Cancellar</code>. Quando demandate, clicca <code>Abandonar</code>.</li> <li>Tu pagina de usator remane '''in'''changiate.</li> </ol> == Info == * Le documentation pro le [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto|extension Scribunto]], que permitte tote isto. * [{{fullurl:Special:Tote le paginas|namespace=828}} Discoperi tote le modulos Lua installate sur iste servitor wiki] {{Pecietta|Wikipedia}} [[Categoria:Wikipedia:Mantenentia]] r4i24wg13xkapdacy3r2p9qfzqagkoa 704185 704184 2026-10-12T21:40:30Z Nimmzo 56738 /* lead section */ -red wikilink. This is the Lua wikipage. /* Salute Mundo! in Lua */ -typo. /* Info */ Shorten wikilink to highligh the list of Lua modules 704185 wikitext text/x-wiki Un '''modulo Lua''' es un programma scribite in le linguage de programmation Lua.<br> Il es collocate in iste wiki sub le [[Wikipedia:Spatio de nomines|spatio de nomines]] <code>{{ns:828}}:NomineDeModulo</code>.<br> Un tal programma servi de extender le functionalitate de paginas wiki. == Salute Mundo! in Lua == Effectivemente se tracta de un forma avantiate e extendite de [[Wikipedia:Patrono|patrono]].<br /> Le forma de appellar un modulo es un poco differente.<br> In loco de scriber: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{NomineDePatrono|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> In pagina de Usator, on debe scriber le nomine sin le prefixo <code>{{ns:828}}:</code> <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>{{#invoke:NomineDeModulo|function|parametro}}</syntaxhighlight></blockquote> Tu pote executar le function denominate '''<code>[[Modulo:Exemplo#L-10|salute]]</code>''' in minusculas in [[Modulo:Exemplo]].<br /> Il non es necessari installar o salvar alcun cosa. # Modifica tu pagina de usator. # Colla le sequente appello al initio de un nove linea in tu pagina de usator: <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line highlight=1 copy> {{#invoke:Exemplo|salute}} </syntaxhighlight></blockquote> <ol start="3"> <li>Clicca <code>Monstrar </code>'''<code>previsualisation</code>'''.<br />Le appello del function <syntaxhighlight lang="lua" inline>salute</syntaxhighlight> in <code>Modulo:</code><code>Exemplo</code> es reimplaciate per le sequente:</li> </ol> <blockquote><syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line> Salute Mundo! </syntaxhighlight></blockquote> <ol start="4"> <li>Clicca <code style="color:#bf3c2c;>Cancellar</code>. Quando demandate, clicca <code>Abandonar</code>.</li> <li>Tu pagina de usator remane '''in'''changiate.</li> </ol> == Info == * Discoperi [{{fullurl:Special:Tote le paginas|namespace=828}} tote le modulos Lua] * Le documentation pro le [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto|extension Scribunto]], que permitte tote isto. {{Pecietta|Wikipedia}} [[Categoria:Wikipedia:Mantenentia]] 0o6abq72dr01ig8g36qjrb3ibetcfba 102 39155 704197 702745 2026-10-13T05:55:59Z ListeriaBot 24326 Wikidata list updated [V2] 704197 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} Lista de [[inventor]]es. * [[Robert Moog]] * [[Juan de la Cierva y Codorníu]] * [[Leonardo Torres Quevedo]] * [[Isaac Peral]] * [[Alexander Fleming]] * [[Alexander Graham Bell]] * [[Thomas Alva Edison]] ("le mago de Melon Park") * [[Benjamin Franklin]] * [[Ferdinand von Zeppelin]] * [[Samuel Colt]] * [[Humberto Fernández Morán]] {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q5 . ?item wdt:P106 wd:Q205375 } |columns=item,label,P18,P569,P570,P21,P106 |sort=P569 |thumb=48 |links=local |references=all |summary=itemnumber }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! label ! imagine ! data de nascentia ! data de morte ! sexo ! occupation |- | [[:d:Q8739|Q8739]] | [[Archimedes]] | [[File:Retrato de un erudito (¿Arquímedes?), por Domenico Fetti.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="-287" | -287<ref name="ref_cd64887fccb6c3d67a440b2eb704f12678eedb20d9c4cfdbed6ad5f1b42a17a2">''[[:d:Q18785969|British Museum person-institution thesaurus]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_c00a3a4635bce5c2e24e0ffae89793e627b74609eb7afbaec3f498b9cfbff233">''[[:d:Q55402145|Encyclopaedia Herder]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b6af51143f97de689c0d23d7b87d3cd2d282f8f7ac7b09168e80d6a2c4a53884">''[[:d:Q1768199|Большая российская энциклопедия]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8d5bc70998a03e4a1be5d58f28d1a82850e155813ea86c8aa781c84ac02745f7">''[[:d:Q1165538|Nationalencyklopedin]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="-212" | -212<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd64887fccb6c3d67a440b2eb704f12678eedb20d9c4cfdbed6ad5f1b42a17a2">''[[:d:Q18785969|British Museum person-institution thesaurus]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b6af51143f97de689c0d23d7b87d3cd2d282f8f7ac7b09168e80d6a2c4a53884">''[[:d:Q1768199|Большая российская энциклопедия]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8d5bc70998a03e4a1be5d58f28d1a82850e155813ea86c8aa781c84ac02745f7">''[[:d:Q1165538|Nationalencyklopedin]]''</ref><ref name="ref_9f05129a6b40d3b2d9a276b7f3fe447d6f262ce11dec0010b465be96f285d415">''[[:d:Q65921422|Treccani Enciclopedia on line]]''</ref><ref name="ref_f7b61f08dc834f202e166592d35ef7e01e2d572be9fb7d00c0901dcede1e848f">''[[:d:Q105263158|Archivio di Autorità del Museo Galileo]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_fb1f64d34c5132f5694317071ca178ed1972feacbb7953a7f9690398b08c1731">''[[:d:Q13219454|Library of Congress Authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_e586a64216d7aa40d967d1394ae3bcdb15d1021969be992fbab669928b5996cc">''[[:d:Q193563|Bibliotheca National de Francia]]''</ref> | [[mathematico]]<ref 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name="ref_93ff7d0cb3c031470881a8a2a9305f9521463b6d4697a5976f242ebe76058948">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/celsius-anders</ref> | data-sort-value="1744" | 1744-04-25<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_58783a16501a17524f43b546042f692cd594a59d2842380a7cd451d8c54bc8c5">''[[:d:Q379406|Dictionary of Swedish National Biography]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8d5bc70998a03e4a1be5d58f28d1a82850e155813ea86c8aa781c84ac02745f7">''[[:d:Q1165538|Nationalencyklopedin]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_42d05e09802b415c7bf06a74ec1394586eca346117fda09fdd5e05d7fe922348">https://sok.riksarkivet.se/bildvisning/C0004348_00022#?c=&m=&s=&cv=21&xywh=878%2C3475%2C2347%2C1395</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | [[astronomo]]<ref name="ref_58783a16501a17524f43b546042f692cd594a59d2842380a7cd451d8c54bc8c5">''[[:d:Q379406|Dictionary of Swedish National Biography]]''</ref><br/>[[physico]]<ref name="ref_58783a16501a17524f43b546042f692cd594a59d2842380a7cd451d8c54bc8c5">''[[:d:Q379406|Dictionary of Swedish National Biography]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[mathematico]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|professor universitari]]''<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>[[chimico]]<br/>''[[:d:Q2310145|meteorologist]]'' |- | [[:d:Q7604|Q7604]] | [[Leonhard Euler]] | [[File:Leonhard Euler.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1707" | 1707-04-15<ref 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of the World]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1783" | 1783-09-18<ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8d5bc70998a03e4a1be5d58f28d1a82850e155813ea86c8aa781c84ac02745f7">''[[:d:Q1165538|Nationalencyklopedin]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ff32cb157f332cb4cddd38b09ecd8e975656883a79871be675e2e30b504babe5">''[[:d:Q746368|Great Norwegian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_beb08c37302db59faae18def7df503aa49faa56692d5237f49cc8cdcaf6046c9">''[[:d:Q83365652|Roglo]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0b6394c9b71b4096d2093e1c96ed71f61a31b392bc22d3542305c22bb29142a2">''[[:d:Q2877812|Babelio]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0cea21303047f48b5431165959194e6d99dc9b3afe17a9264a3a4f9612c9c52f">''[[:d:Q107212659|www.accademiadellescienze.it]]''</ref><ref name="ref_91def873cdbde77d744f48f86aa46016c6e6b9c226e31c32c3c11c543a173556">''[[:d:Q55740543|La France savante]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_57d5bcef5fa4efd272d40cdfbd726919e1ce8378c00da635f32423e0ffc8e31d">''[[:d:Q24694883|ECARTICO]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | [[mathematico]]<ref name="ref_fe9bd444a8216f450faf1a9a81c86d6de1662309b0f44f74ecc19a73dc86a6e0">http://www.nndb.com/cemetery/803/000208179/</ref><ref name="ref_57d5bcef5fa4efd272d40cdfbd726919e1ce8378c00da635f32423e0ffc8e31d">''[[:d:Q24694883|ECARTICO]]''</ref><ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref><br/>[[physico]]<ref name="ref_0185241bc0cdd25bcf6b3d91218b9f8bb46c3f84e878140892f618427f60e0c2">http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/switzerland/chfamous.htm</ref><ref name="ref_57d5bcef5fa4efd272d40cdfbd726919e1ce8378c00da635f32423e0ffc8e31d">''[[:d:Q24694883|ECARTICO]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|professor universitari]]''<br/>[[scriptor]]<ref name="ref_412e1c26f353d15f69222a038c65bf89a11aeb38970c7585b213377c5917927c">http://blogcritics.org/culture/article/a-nasty-mathematical-myth/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q16031530|music theorist]]''<br/>[[astronomo]]<ref name="ref_b3cb19ef03c9a53cfda8056a0db373691a35d361dfe158a9835a39452269f507">''[[:d:Q96189706|Euler: Genius Blind Astronomer Mathematician]]''</ref><ref name="ref_2dbef0cfd5b9bd6da695088fa2d5437f95af1f6bf37d63344cff5ffa53f5fe7f">https://www.famousscientists.org/leonhard-euler/</ref><ref name="ref_57d5bcef5fa4efd272d40cdfbd726919e1ce8378c00da635f32423e0ffc8e31d">''[[:d:Q24694883|ECARTICO]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q901|scientista]]''<ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref><br/>[[inventor]]<ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q978044|executive]]''<ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q901402|geographo]]''<ref name="ref_57d5bcef5fa4efd272d40cdfbd726919e1ce8378c00da635f32423e0ffc8e31d">''[[:d:Q24694883|ECARTICO]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q9041|Q9041]] | [[James Watt]] | [[File:James Watt by Henry Howard.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1736" | 1736-01-19<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_36ce4de930bbffc9723de7712c1f4f17b6f1e9025becd52a21d3099f10950735">''[[:d:Q19062388|Watt, James (1736-1819) (DNB00)]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1819" | 1819-08-25<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_47984cd472c330f9ded38c20ef895bdfa7fcf972d038158ec6f3777edbee4973">''[[:d:Q21401824|The Peerage]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]''<ref name="ref_36ce4de930bbffc9723de7712c1f4f17b6f1e9025becd52a21d3099f10950735">''[[:d:Q19062388|Watt, James (1736-1819) (DNB00)]]''</ref><br/>[[chimico]]<ref name="ref_d7b7d7658a2871775cfc117ae07bc94c16b0d28f9cd826287ea2b43348c5afb3">http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/v052/52.3.miller.pdf</ref><ref name="ref_e2c1ae921669836e710d2e7b23b0ba31c9ea7699bcd1d628d844c552a313344b">https://muse.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/v052/52.3.miller.html</ref><br/>[[physico]]<ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><br/>[[inventor]]<ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q131524|interprenditor]]''<br/>[[mathematico]]<br/>''[[:d:Q5352191|technician]]''<ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q11812|Q11812]] | [[Thomas Jefferson]] | [[File:Official Presidential portrait of Thomas Jefferson (by Rembrandt Peale, 1800)(cropped).jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1743" | 1743-04-02<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1826" | 1826-07-04<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_75f410066e7f65c92af7e5e0cb4798bd37f034883b838792a166eee2264e9e11">''[[:d:Q17299517|RKDartists]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_47984cd472c330f9ded38c20ef895bdfa7fcf972d038158ec6f3777edbee4973">''[[:d:Q21401824|The Peerage]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cb7e3691f7e193dcee107c8f43e696dbf8e7ab31ee607bd50e722e0bab724f03">''[[:d:Q523660|International Music Score Library Project]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0b6394c9b71b4096d2093e1c96ed71f61a31b392bc22d3542305c22bb29142a2">''[[:d:Q2877812|Babelio]]''</ref><ref name="ref_809bfc42b0331ca57d8bfb459567d8a5c7896619bfbd4d734e58da3bcfe648f9">''[[:d:Q21491701|KNAW Past Members]]''</ref><ref name="ref_1b1be539a4dd280fc69294e971af2196dba0a74c48f48a27adc03b5af959a638">''[[:d:Q6023365|Internet Philosophy Ontology project]]''</ref><ref name="ref_39693e519a3b4bd531145c748da5e69c7198327e7f598d4477bf605c4c01d83f">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/jefferson-thomas</ref><ref name="ref_931851ab1666964918600e8fa1634af8ac7a2b90a6cf86b2910b446e3d4af03f">''[[:d:Q103937665|Jefferson, Thomas]]''</ref><ref 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name="ref_48e9963ee25a3b63b0dbdd0640e770365429e4dfe801c4537c6b710062e0e063">''[[:d:Q56024286|Archives Directory for the History of Collecting in America]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | [[inseniante]]<br/>''[[:d:Q15442776|cryptographer]]''<br/>[[architecto]]<ref name="ref_34a8d05cd161c94c3f52a81fe94b9e2e94eaa7666f12232a2bf408070bc0312c">''[[:d:Q2494649|Union List of Artist Names]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><ref name="ref_2713c3c88e6911ebb1875b2c052ec308eb21c80420740ac74c381cc159c2fffc">http://arch-pavouk.cz/index.php/architekti/1636-jefferson-thomas</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q40348|advocato]]''<br/>[[scriptor]]<ref name="ref_ca80f6a31529e570100ce9f874f67a3f7af9b9f4a4a9e02fae9ff49b3b6d5963">''[[:d:Q19098835|Library of the World's Best Literature]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q193391|diplomate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q82955|politico]]''<ref name="ref_abf715812c4bc330da063858ebd72145b80d162325b75883e420751af8ea80f9">https://history.house.virginia.gov/search</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopho]]''<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q55630100|planter class]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q372436|homine de stato]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3621491|archeologo]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q185351|jurista]]''<ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref><ref 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name="ref_5f90aada25764a622cd97e34b60bd65a044050ba73f182ed0f679c8611e6bf62">http://amperemusee.fr</ref><ref name="ref_a000f0dfebc191c3c7086d5fc3e6ac1fb04ec7836f1b655a4cd43e9ad8df34cb">http://www.ras.ru/win/db/show_per.asp?P=.id-49535.ln-ru.dl-.pr-inf.uk-12</ref><ref name="ref_a2970288df4c6974c3c3d45d8067ec6e541bbfcda51fdd09a69467d982bd3409">''[[:d:Q28924058|Nouveau Dictionnaire des auteurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7f2ec2e17898e6ea3f91cc2e3a705b7ddd66aa6eb4c3b569d3c87105507c421b">https://www.leonore.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/archives-images/LH003/FRDAFAN83_OL0032001v005_L.jpg</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_60eff1d8010e228bb535322c7a52150c730b2ac70a31ea8c43ee4796853fed0b">''[[:d:Q19847326|Genealogics]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_91def873cdbde77d744f48f86aa46016c6e6b9c226e31c32c3c11c543a173556">''[[:d:Q55740543|La France savante]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cf3c313e4a6b6669fd0eb4e4aa0cb9c18dca4bce8b2f48740eb356be3a924fde">''[[:d:Q105958830|Base biographique]]''</ref><ref name="ref_a0225532ce55578e1c4bec0c56d3bb163e7acceace9ed246cd446190c42768d0">http://www.fondsenligne.archives-lyon.fr/v2/ark:/18811/8bmfsfm6gr468h4m</ref> | data-sort-value="1836" | 1836-06-10<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_a2970288df4c6974c3c3d45d8067ec6e541bbfcda51fdd09a69467d982bd3409">''[[:d:Q28924058|Nouveau Dictionnaire des auteurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_beb08c37302db59faae18def7df503aa49faa56692d5237f49cc8cdcaf6046c9">''[[:d:Q83365652|Roglo]]''</ref><ref name="ref_60eff1d8010e228bb535322c7a52150c730b2ac70a31ea8c43ee4796853fed0b">''[[:d:Q19847326|Genealogics]]''</ref><ref name="ref_91def873cdbde77d744f48f86aa46016c6e6b9c226e31c32c3c11c543a173556">''[[:d:Q55740543|La France savante]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cf3c313e4a6b6669fd0eb4e4aa0cb9c18dca4bce8b2f48740eb356be3a924fde">''[[:d:Q105958830|Base biographique]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_a2970288df4c6974c3c3d45d8067ec6e541bbfcda51fdd09a69467d982bd3409">''[[:d:Q28924058|Nouveau Dictionnaire des auteurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | [[physico]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_a2970288df4c6974c3c3d45d8067ec6e541bbfcda51fdd09a69467d982bd3409">''[[:d:Q28924058|Nouveau Dictionnaire des auteurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[mathematico]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_a2970288df4c6974c3c3d45d8067ec6e541bbfcda51fdd09a69467d982bd3409">''[[:d:Q28924058|Nouveau Dictionnaire des auteurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopho]]''<ref name="ref_a2970288df4c6974c3c3d45d8067ec6e541bbfcda51fdd09a69467d982bd3409">''[[:d:Q28924058|Nouveau Dictionnaire des auteurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays]]''</ref><br/>[[chimico]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|professor universitari]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q44412|Q44412]] | [[Hans Christian Ørsted]] | [[File:Ørsted, Hans Christian (av Christian Albrecht Jensen 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name="ref_cb5d088d079a5ea35da38538d6644d0b78b5005fd2c1ff895ad21b4a6ec45b96">''[[:d:Q602358|Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_c451fcca4f04c07b6010792517083f4f75f4bc86ac87ffa01d3b6eef71a162ab">''[[:d:Q6703301|Luminous-Lint]]''</ref><ref name="ref_9d77e9c209ffea9be9eed34899846b8e16b559ec7836e5c1edb36a2db2ef2df5">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/maxwell-james-clerk</ref><ref name="ref_47984cd472c330f9ded38c20ef895bdfa7fcf972d038158ec6f3777edbee4973">''[[:d:Q21401824|The Peerage]]''</ref><ref 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name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q901|scientista]]''<ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q40224|Q40224]] | [[Carl Benz]] | [[File:Carl Benz c. 1889.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1844" | 1844-11-25<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_604c52988f1cd62da3cd3359919f4dcf6b39cd703c748f7cd4ea681e1709b508">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/benz-carl-friedrich</ref><ref name="ref_ff32cb157f332cb4cddd38b09ecd8e975656883a79871be675e2e30b504babe5">''[[:d:Q746368|Great Norwegian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1929" | 1929-04-04<ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_604c52988f1cd62da3cd3359919f4dcf6b39cd703c748f7cd4ea681e1709b508">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/benz-carl-friedrich</ref><ref name="ref_ff32cb157f332cb4cddd38b09ecd8e975656883a79871be675e2e30b504babe5">''[[:d:Q746368|Great Norwegian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]''<br/>[[inventor]] |- | [[:d:Q8743|Q8743]] | [[Thomas Edison]] | [[File:Thomas Edison2.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1847" | 1847-02-11<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8281a8144a7f9896829b9934f7bdbb10157c1b2c1978fe441986b385b54a1b6b">''[[:d:Q2629164|ISFDB]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d0efb20bbdf9fd17093fcc9b48fc7a250ac0c1235c35e08af02175dafd07fa65">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/edison-thomas-alva</ref><ref name="ref_d3601acb0434d7bb9599a6c271d4ad199400d13b829bd6a1e731a29a326addc0">''[[:d:Q104010085|Edison, Thomas]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_beb08c37302db59faae18def7df503aa49faa56692d5237f49cc8cdcaf6046c9">''[[:d:Q83365652|Roglo]]''</ref><ref name="ref_5c00d955d8a15f2c3a0c92d28633d35d2fb95e6671944f0ddc26cd7688130e89">''[[:d:Q138307249|Archivio Storico Ricordi - digital collection]]''</ref><ref name="ref_34e46dbfa37bac3c07eedb582f5b0c7a2996302c003e5f19915712beae24475a">''[[:d:Q10855166|The Fine Art Archive]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1931" | 1931-10-18<ref name="ref_7ca4fc94fb0ac2743da55f8ece3ef96cd3ac76a7e28836b162749c62e2da5a96">''[[:d:Q17378135|Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1969–1978)]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8281a8144a7f9896829b9934f7bdbb10157c1b2c1978fe441986b385b54a1b6b">''[[:d:Q2629164|ISFDB]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d0efb20bbdf9fd17093fcc9b48fc7a250ac0c1235c35e08af02175dafd07fa65">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/edison-thomas-alva</ref><ref name="ref_d3601acb0434d7bb9599a6c271d4ad199400d13b829bd6a1e731a29a326addc0">''[[:d:Q104010085|Edison, Thomas]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_beb08c37302db59faae18def7df503aa49faa56692d5237f49cc8cdcaf6046c9">''[[:d:Q83365652|Roglo]]''</ref><ref name="ref_34e46dbfa37bac3c07eedb582f5b0c7a2996302c003e5f19915712beae24475a">''[[:d:Q10855166|The Fine Art Archive]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[inventor]]<ref name="ref_5c00d955d8a15f2c3a0c92d28633d35d2fb95e6671944f0ddc26cd7688130e89">''[[:d:Q138307249|Archivio Storico Ricordi - digital collection]]''</ref><ref name="ref_34e46dbfa37bac3c07eedb582f5b0c7a2996302c003e5f19915712beae24475a">''[[:d:Q10855166|The Fine Art Archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q131524|interprenditor]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[physico]]<ref name="ref_34e46dbfa37bac3c07eedb582f5b0c7a2996302c003e5f19915712beae24475a">''[[:d:Q10855166|The Fine Art Archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[mathematico]]<br/>''[[:d:Q28389|scenarista]]''<ref name="ref_f8a8b4f1fde1952ffa25ec8a5e1315e1b0b325a226a5abc38939df1f010ff071">''[[:d:Q18709181|Letterboxd]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q2526255|director de cinema]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3282637|productor de cinema]]''<ref name="ref_dc94c0369b0c0704b1297c5e5d6c30196103b012e010ca8d43a5cc6a1cbde10b">''[[:d:Q37312|Internet Movie Database]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q57162|Q57162]] | [[Otto Lilienthal]] | [[File:Otto-lilienthal.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1848" | 1848-05-23<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_82c08241e74b88cf8f435b477b582c92af906ecc414dc7301b3ecf3be12c7159">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/lilienthal-otto</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1896" | 1896-08-10<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_82c08241e74b88cf8f435b477b582c92af906ecc414dc7301b3ecf3be12c7159">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/lilienthal-otto</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q10497074|military flight engineer]]''<br/>[[Pilota]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1776724|theatre manager]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[dramaturgo]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[actor]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q12658|Q12658]] | [[Wilhelm Ostwald]] | [[File:Ostwald.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1853" | 1853-09-02<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ae5e84219ee5b1de9684e0c1cad6ca41001dadff841f0e89a806c6c436dd09fc">''[[:d:Q1868372|Biografisch Portaal]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_809bfc42b0331ca57d8bfb459567d8a5c7896619bfbd4d734e58da3bcfe648f9">''[[:d:Q21491701|KNAW Past Members]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1932" | 1932-04-04<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ca4fc94fb0ac2743da55f8ece3ef96cd3ac76a7e28836b162749c62e2da5a96">''[[:d:Q17378135|Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1969–1978)]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_809bfc42b0331ca57d8bfb459567d8a5c7896619bfbd4d734e58da3bcfe648f9">''[[:d:Q21491701|KNAW Past Members]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | [[chimico]]<ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q860918|esperantista]]''<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|professor universitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q27496075|idista]]''<br/>[[scriptor]]<ref name="ref_ca80f6a31529e570100ce9f874f67a3f7af9b9f4a4a9e02fae9ff49b3b6d5963">''[[:d:Q19098835|Library of the World's Best Literature]]''</ref><br/>[[physico]]<br/>''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopho]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[inseniante]]<ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1028181|pictor]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q18805|naturalista]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologo]]''<ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q62891|Q62891]] | [[Heike Kamerlingh Onnes]] | [[File:Kamerlingh portret.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1853" | 1853-09-21<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ae5e84219ee5b1de9684e0c1cad6ca41001dadff841f0e89a806c6c436dd09fc">''[[:d:Q1868372|Biografisch Portaal]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_809bfc42b0331ca57d8bfb459567d8a5c7896619bfbd4d734e58da3bcfe648f9">''[[:d:Q21491701|KNAW Past Members]]''</ref><ref name="ref_1cf2ecbc0df5cd7afb033b3a7f7e5a23838cc5de4cbc4cbe813ee8117e62b1de">''[[:d:Q23667505|Leidse Hoogleraren]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_52725ca89ffba6372c025246048281420bd704c6991b830d8549cda6d0d60f08">''[[:d:Q71545423|Onze Hoogleeraren]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref 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name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_1cf2ecbc0df5cd7afb033b3a7f7e5a23838cc5de4cbc4cbe813ee8117e62b1de">''[[:d:Q23667505|Leidse Hoogleraren]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | [[physico]]<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|professor universitari]]''<ref name="ref_1cf2ecbc0df5cd7afb033b3a7f7e5a23838cc5de4cbc4cbe813ee8117e62b1de">''[[:d:Q23667505|Leidse Hoogleraren]]''</ref><ref name="ref_52725ca89ffba6372c025246048281420bd704c6991b830d8549cda6d0d60f08">''[[:d:Q71545423|Onze Hoogleeraren]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q901|scientista]]''<ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q9036|Q9036]] | [[Nikola Tesla]] | [[File:Tesla circa 1890.jpeg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_7fab8393aed7b338df81280ffb065864997d4eda9e8ad578c2bfb2d17d6cc0b5">https://www.biography.com/people/nikola-tesla-9504443</ref> | data-sort-value="1856" | 1856-07-10<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7fab8393aed7b338df81280ffb065864997d4eda9e8ad578c2bfb2d17d6cc0b5">https://www.biography.com/people/nikola-tesla-9504443</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_18368819c27e9efa3b59f731c95314b9aec681df7474ddcf0a13e15db701ac61">''[[:d:Q1563573|Croatian Biographical Lexicon]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1943" | 1943-01-07<ref name="ref_7ca4fc94fb0ac2743da55f8ece3ef96cd3ac76a7e28836b162749c62e2da5a96">''[[:d:Q17378135|Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1969–1978)]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_76481d355d9650ae7297f7feb0685c1fac86d14890ded6508eb9f5fe9f15b05e">''[[:d:Q103882021|Tesla, Nikola (9/10 July 1856–07 January 1943), electrical inventor]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7fab8393aed7b338df81280ffb065864997d4eda9e8ad578c2bfb2d17d6cc0b5">https://www.biography.com/people/nikola-tesla-9504443</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_18368819c27e9efa3b59f731c95314b9aec681df7474ddcf0a13e15db701ac61">''[[:d:Q1563573|Croatian Biographical Lexicon]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7fab8393aed7b338df81280ffb065864997d4eda9e8ad578c2bfb2d17d6cc0b5">https://www.biography.com/people/nikola-tesla-9504443</ref> | [[inventor]]<ref name="ref_7fab8393aed7b338df81280ffb065864997d4eda9e8ad578c2bfb2d17d6cc0b5">https://www.biography.com/people/nikola-tesla-9504443</ref><ref name="ref_a038a894def0a35a72086159eeda90d36c532b4bb42b75f239e3225dd3a2f9ed">''[[:d:Q23833686|Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1326886|electrical engineer]]''<ref name="ref_7fab8393aed7b338df81280ffb065864997d4eda9e8ad578c2bfb2d17d6cc0b5">https://www.biography.com/people/nikola-tesla-9504443</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[physico]]<ref name="ref_7fab8393aed7b338df81280ffb065864997d4eda9e8ad578c2bfb2d17d6cc0b5">https://www.biography.com/people/nikola-tesla-9504443</ref><ref name="ref_a038a894def0a35a72086159eeda90d36c532b4bb42b75f239e3225dd3a2f9ed">''[[:d:Q23833686|Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q165029|electricista]]''<ref name="ref_a038a894def0a35a72086159eeda90d36c532b4bb42b75f239e3225dd3a2f9ed">''[[:d:Q23833686|Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1906857|mechanical engineer]]''<ref name="ref_7fab8393aed7b338df81280ffb065864997d4eda9e8ad578c2bfb2d17d6cc0b5">https://www.biography.com/people/nikola-tesla-9504443</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q846430|futurist]]'' |- | [[:d:Q552053|Q552053]] | [[Paul von Jankó]] | [[File:Das Fotoalbum für Weierstraß 2 34 (Paul von Jankó).jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1856" | 1856-06-02<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1919" | 1919-03-17<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q639669|musico]]''<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q860918|esperantista]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q14915627|musicologo]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[pianista]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q27496075|idista]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]''<br/>[[mathematico]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q41257|Q41257]] | [[Heinrich Rudolf Hertz]] | [[File:HEINRICH HERTZ.JPG|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1857" | 1857-02-22<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_c97ff1c50a9048ab8a011104eb2bfe669852672a47b69a69eb73232f57a35a2e">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/hertz-heinrich-rudolf</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0cea21303047f48b5431165959194e6d99dc9b3afe17a9264a3a4f9612c9c52f">''[[:d:Q107212659|www.accademiadellescienze.it]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1894" | 1894-01-01<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_c97ff1c50a9048ab8a011104eb2bfe669852672a47b69a69eb73232f57a35a2e">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/hertz-heinrich-rudolf</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref 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name="ref_a038a894def0a35a72086159eeda90d36c532b4bb42b75f239e3225dd3a2f9ed">''[[:d:Q23833686|Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q37064|Q37064]] | [[Alexander Fleming]] | [[File:Synthetic Production of Penicillin TR1468.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1881" | 1881-08-06<ref name="ref_ae5e84219ee5b1de9684e0c1cad6ca41001dadff841f0e89a806c6c436dd09fc">''[[:d:Q1868372|Biografisch Portaal]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_809bfc42b0331ca57d8bfb459567d8a5c7896619bfbd4d734e58da3bcfe648f9">''[[:d:Q21491701|KNAW Past Members]]''</ref><ref 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database]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q6625963|romancero]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4853732|scriptor pro infantes]]''<br/>[[scriptor]]<ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1930187|jornalista]]''<ref name="ref_830e96b7f6b0434034e3f0ecf565e1cc3b868d0f65cbb4545401d7a0216cbaad">''[[:d:Q2886420|Léonore database]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q644687|illustrator]]''<ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><ref name="ref_75f410066e7f65c92af7e5e0cb4798bd37f034883b838792a166eee2264e9e11">''[[:d:Q17299517|RKDartists]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopho]]''<ref 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name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-02-08<ref name="ref_02183298a19954965159df80b576b14cfe294156830e2943c01361652d3e5415">http://data.nobelprize.org/page/laureate/93</ref><ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | [[physico]]<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|professor universitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q108897110|holographer]]''<ref name="ref_770d6c8053b8df706d00e8946777efa7ac736db00ea9d4fe2356252502b50e82">https://www.holographyforum.org/wiki/Biographies_of_Holographers</ref> |- | [[:d:Q8704|Q8704]] | [[Walt Disney]] | [[File:Walt Disney 1946.JPG|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1901" | 1901-12-05<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d546391a7e44b42fc9077fd26022cda56db201b25ef5e3c53ad78eca6b02fbca">''[[:d:Q36463449|Who's Who in Animated Cartoon]]''</ref><ref name="ref_75f410066e7f65c92af7e5e0cb4798bd37f034883b838792a166eee2264e9e11">''[[:d:Q17299517|RKDartists]]''</ref><ref name="ref_362e8e207d7b021b6f215e0338864fde1b2a1e51a3712c51e72d3c7e86616b21">''[[:d:Q24255573|Benezit Dictionary of Artists]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_f2c80df09e95b58628606a2c8a10b00cd8a6048c2ebdae04cf3f20d42f6c2393">''[[:d:Q31964|Internet Broadway Database]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bc70e62042975513edab3ab7adcd50272b88fdc649d65c77fb4788df92180369">''[[:d:Q41599984|Enciclopédia Itaú Cultural]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8d5bc70998a03e4a1be5d58f28d1a82850e155813ea86c8aa781c84ac02745f7">''[[:d:Q1165538|Nationalencyklopedin]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6a2de5dba0ceb74e5ca82d9f5042cdf8a49df169c53444522e3a1e9799f8e86a">''[[:d:Q51343652|Lambiek Comiclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_2682dc33e3142f8152e8185add840e8532bb60d12e2baaf57420542ee04a4a11">''[[:d:Q103854838|Disney, Walt (05 December 1901–15 December 1966), animator and motion picture producer]]''</ref><ref name="ref_c540ddd32b3a1f16a66cde0de9a095da57a40f0b0e5d190db15973cb966aa813">''[[:d:Q2876969|BD Gest’]]''</ref><ref name="ref_329e33b0b1b714d18f05404f1241a23dc62576709cdd20b4011b4e76d83e3739">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/disney-walt</ref><ref name="ref_49144b9c75ee6ab9a8ac496217ceb9b3a57a336a62f6c8e29b7a9ab9ac18f2fa">''[[:d:Q103905586|Disney, Walt(er Elias)]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_beb08c37302db59faae18def7df503aa49faa56692d5237f49cc8cdcaf6046c9">''[[:d:Q83365652|Roglo]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0b6394c9b71b4096d2093e1c96ed71f61a31b392bc22d3542305c22bb29142a2">''[[:d:Q2877812|Babelio]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref><ref name="ref_619ad8d627a641ee6d50841bc6cc063806bfc4d7446314bb2cc962a8421d8ee8">''[[:d:Q2451336|Digitale Bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse Letteren]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1966" | 1966-12-15<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ca4fc94fb0ac2743da55f8ece3ef96cd3ac76a7e28836b162749c62e2da5a96">''[[:d:Q17378135|Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1969–1978)]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d546391a7e44b42fc9077fd26022cda56db201b25ef5e3c53ad78eca6b02fbca">''[[:d:Q36463449|Who's Who in Animated Cartoon]]''</ref><ref name="ref_75f410066e7f65c92af7e5e0cb4798bd37f034883b838792a166eee2264e9e11">''[[:d:Q17299517|RKDartists]]''</ref><ref name="ref_362e8e207d7b021b6f215e0338864fde1b2a1e51a3712c51e72d3c7e86616b21">''[[:d:Q24255573|Benezit Dictionary of Artists]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_f2c80df09e95b58628606a2c8a10b00cd8a6048c2ebdae04cf3f20d42f6c2393">''[[:d:Q31964|Internet Broadway Database]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bc70e62042975513edab3ab7adcd50272b88fdc649d65c77fb4788df92180369">''[[:d:Q41599984|Enciclopédia Itaú Cultural]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8d5bc70998a03e4a1be5d58f28d1a82850e155813ea86c8aa781c84ac02745f7">''[[:d:Q1165538|Nationalencyklopedin]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6a2de5dba0ceb74e5ca82d9f5042cdf8a49df169c53444522e3a1e9799f8e86a">''[[:d:Q51343652|Lambiek Comiclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_2682dc33e3142f8152e8185add840e8532bb60d12e2baaf57420542ee04a4a11">''[[:d:Q103854838|Disney, Walt (05 December 1901–15 December 1966), animator and motion picture producer]]''</ref><ref name="ref_c540ddd32b3a1f16a66cde0de9a095da57a40f0b0e5d190db15973cb966aa813">''[[:d:Q2876969|BD Gest’]]''</ref><ref name="ref_329e33b0b1b714d18f05404f1241a23dc62576709cdd20b4011b4e76d83e3739">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/disney-walt</ref><ref name="ref_49144b9c75ee6ab9a8ac496217ceb9b3a57a336a62f6c8e29b7a9ab9ac18f2fa">''[[:d:Q103905586|Disney, Walt(er Elias)]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_beb08c37302db59faae18def7df503aa49faa56692d5237f49cc8cdcaf6046c9">''[[:d:Q83365652|Roglo]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0b6394c9b71b4096d2093e1c96ed71f61a31b392bc22d3542305c22bb29142a2">''[[:d:Q2877812|Babelio]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref><ref name="ref_619ad8d627a641ee6d50841bc6cc063806bfc4d7446314bb2cc962a8421d8ee8">''[[:d:Q2451336|Digitale Bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse Letteren]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_75f410066e7f65c92af7e5e0cb4798bd37f034883b838792a166eee2264e9e11">''[[:d:Q17299517|RKDartists]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q2526255|director de cinema]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3282637|productor de cinema]]''<ref name="ref_e25085169d2de3145b7522f45e56e77c7850b1a2eea2aa4ebf5739b282736bcf">https://id.lib.harvard.edu/alma/99157880266903941/catalog</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q266569|animator]]''<ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><ref 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name="ref_ff32cb157f332cb4cddd38b09ecd8e975656883a79871be675e2e30b504babe5">''[[:d:Q746368|Great Norwegian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93525d597abfc11843208a057ab6a3214e596cb962c394ca2d936705dc4845c">''[[:d:Q3621644|Archivio Storico Ricordi]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1954" | 1954-11-28<ref name="ref_7ca4fc94fb0ac2743da55f8ece3ef96cd3ac76a7e28836b162749c62e2da5a96">''[[:d:Q17378135|Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1969–1978)]]''</ref><ref name="ref_dc94c0369b0c0704b1297c5e5d6c30196103b012e010ca8d43a5cc6a1cbde10b">''[[:d:Q37312|Internet Movie Database]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8d5bc70998a03e4a1be5d58f28d1a82850e155813ea86c8aa781c84ac02745f7">''[[:d:Q1165538|Nationalencyklopedin]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_29ba93b1ca93d8c64dde85704540208bb3edaaa2db10ff864ffae98e001dd774">https://www.biography.com/people/enrico-fermi-9293405</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ff32cb157f332cb4cddd38b09ecd8e975656883a79871be675e2e30b504babe5">''[[:d:Q746368|Great Norwegian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93525d597abfc11843208a057ab6a3214e596cb962c394ca2d936705dc4845c">''[[:d:Q3621644|Archivio Storico Ricordi]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_29ba93b1ca93d8c64dde85704540208bb3edaaa2db10ff864ffae98e001dd774">https://www.biography.com/people/enrico-fermi-9293405</ref><ref name="ref_70c3bb41c04c4e74e29f145065397a2885b8cb7fefd98c8d87964095ff3cbd94">''[[:d:Q13550863|Národní autority České republiky]]''</ref> | [[physico]]<ref name="ref_b06ed730acad4a7eca00b87d239560af3a784c55907e909314f773e0ffed991c">http://www.nndb.com/honors/032/000111696/</ref><ref name="ref_4e1a7213ac22daaa9a82214ba98de6ff0ba7463795acaadfdbe12e9fd351c38a">http://www.nndb.com/org/107/000099807/</ref><ref name="ref_f280b6e1da14c35859fa574423e958fc5d281eb893696426cc5c0a56aee3fa76">''[[:d:Q1373513|Notable Names Database]]''</ref><ref 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name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_f2c80df09e95b58628606a2c8a10b00cd8a6048c2ebdae04cf3f20d42f6c2393">''[[:d:Q31964|Internet Broadway Database]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_beb08c37302db59faae18def7df503aa49faa56692d5237f49cc8cdcaf6046c9">''[[:d:Q83365652|Roglo]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1979" | 1979-11-30<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_beb08c37302db59faae18def7df503aa49faa56692d5237f49cc8cdcaf6046c9">''[[:d:Q83365652|Roglo]]''</ref><br/>1979-11-29<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref> | [[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q10800557|actor de film]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2259451|actor de theatro]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43845|homine de affaires]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q245068|comico]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[actor]]<ref 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Guggenheim Museum]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_1b1be539a4dd280fc69294e971af2196dba0a74c48f48a27adc03b5af959a638">''[[:d:Q6023365|Internet Philosophy Ontology project]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0b6394c9b71b4096d2093e1c96ed71f61a31b392bc22d3542305c22bb29142a2">''[[:d:Q2877812|Babelio]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref><ref name="ref_3af208141b863901feb8656072d4b709a0553a072437135dcee56bf291d3568c">''[[:d:Q126722605|Pedagogues and Psychologists of the World]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1990" | 1990-08-18<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8281a8144a7f9896829b9934f7bdbb10157c1b2c1978fe441986b385b54a1b6b">''[[:d:Q2629164|ISFDB]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ae14802de020b504b1d9f863cc15934f0614e296be8d86b5ce28f04ad6154ced">''[[:d:Q201469|Solomon R. 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''[[:d:Q212980|psychologo]]''<ref name="ref_a038a894def0a35a72086159eeda90d36c532b4bb42b75f239e3225dd3a2f9ed">''[[:d:Q23833686|Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopho]]''<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q16831721|ethologist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q18814623|autobiographo]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|professor universitari]]''<ref name="ref_a038a894def0a35a72086159eeda90d36c532b4bb42b75f239e3225dd3a2f9ed">''[[:d:Q23833686|Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[scriptor]] |- | [[:d:Q160411|Q160411]] | [[Marian Rejewski]] | [[File:Marian Rejewski 1932 small.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1905" | 1905-08-16<ref name="ref_3554fee03f5b110da82eb9cdef0edd4d159fd41871eb27c994c6cddde8304453">http://marianrejewski.pl/wp/biografia/</ref><ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1980" | 1980-02-13<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_063dc5f047f2d151d10e713a0a1965557c94b20cf737675e31ede4e1f25efcb3">''[[:d:Q96022943|Internetowy Polski Słownik Biograficzny]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | [[mathematico]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q16390131|cryptologist]]''<br/>[[inventor]] |- | [[:d:Q949|Q949]] | [[John Bardeen]] | [[File:Bardeen.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1908" | 1908-05-23<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_94d53549e05e7f815e26538f212459faf55086f5155b4ef918d9fa03687b3f3f">''[[:d:Q103845857|Bardeen, John (23 May 1908–30 January 1991), physicist]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1991" | 1991-01-30<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_94d53549e05e7f815e26538f212459faf55086f5155b4ef918d9fa03687b3f3f">''[[:d:Q103845857|Bardeen, John (23 May 1908–30 January 1991), physicist]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref> | [[physico]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[inventor]]<ref name="ref_29c46a0e8a483c1ac225360d082932b7eb4af3016d91201c3fd19a81924ac3f4">''[[:d:Q106928293|John Bardeen: 23 May 1908 · 30 January 1991]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|professor universitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1326886|electrical engineer]]'' |- | [[:d:Q60093|Q60093]] | [[Konrad Zuse]] | [[File:Konrad Zuse (1992).jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1910" | 1910-06-22<ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cdef21979db91033a066302059358f4e4b21f930674db43f61ff78468b210334">''[[:d:Q15706812|filmportal.de]]''</ref><ref name="ref_74a186e50455df0a0b37510f4bf95fa24d3bfad5648cd49752736821b23964ed">''[[:d:Q1061861|Structurae]]''</ref><ref name="ref_893254bd92808099cc27f2d4b50a50f86aacd9c461c10efb58d43960928bd76f">''[[:d:Q47092600|compArt database Digital Art]]''</ref><ref name="ref_11859b6ed9e861184985bc1f4656b69b5b639ad54d9a1378bf4ebd59755eb7d0">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/zuse-konrad-ernst-otto</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1995" | 1995-12-18<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cdef21979db91033a066302059358f4e4b21f930674db43f61ff78468b210334">''[[:d:Q15706812|filmportal.de]]''</ref><ref name="ref_74a186e50455df0a0b37510f4bf95fa24d3bfad5648cd49752736821b23964ed">''[[:d:Q1061861|Structurae]]''</ref><ref name="ref_11859b6ed9e861184985bc1f4656b69b5b639ad54d9a1378bf4ebd59755eb7d0">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/zuse-konrad-ernst-otto</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]'' | [[inventor]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q131524|interprenditor]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q13582652|ingeniero civil]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1028181|pictor]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q104668|Q104668]] | [[Vitaly L. Ginzburg]] | [[File:Виталий Лазаревич Гинзбург.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1916" | 1916-10-04<ref name="ref_b6af51143f97de689c0d23d7b87d3cd2d282f8f7ac7b09168e80d6a2c4a53884">''[[:d:Q1768199|Большая российская энциклопедия]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="2009" | 2009-11-08<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_03c566869e019b3282273f2c4ba2c180404bf2ddcd5b715bb5c6eb4a7b3612a4">http://lifeinlegacy.com/Display.aspx?weekof=2009-11-14</ref><ref name="ref_f44325b5c9e330c204af43e76518fff23875fe8374a892af33677c7c3820226d">http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/233993/Vitaly-Lazarevich-Ginzburg</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b6af51143f97de689c0d23d7b87d3cd2d282f8f7ac7b09168e80d6a2c4a53884">''[[:d:Q1768199|Большая российская энциклопедия]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | [[physico]]<ref name="ref_ce56fc6ffa6e8b7b013afdd1e2b41266e6db8d831da047a47bcfc6766b2b2b07">http://www.nndb.com/org/616/000067415/</ref><ref name="ref_f562308c65620ed8b0ee410b040c385874fb8b72c869af4cd0cb72446eb51c20">http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00107510210122495</ref><ref name="ref_13af4330cc93e33f2f902f8cb7d496178d2defe606b32f27c5d5eb293cb7141b">http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00150190701455005</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysico]]''<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|professor universitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q901|scientista]]''<ref name="ref_8d8dc8f36ad27eda86fbef36bfa2999043aa90e60357da1e5d41e52fc1d4f190">http://www.haaretz.com/jewish-world/2.209/scientist-vitaly-ginzburg-who-helped-make-soviet-h-bomb-dies-at-93-1.4494</ref><ref name="ref_270f54a92f6b64c4478a55bcb04b6474e5f62a0b4981cd2ec6e0c1fb2e66eec7">http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20091110/world/nobel-winner-soviet-h-bomb-scientist-vitaly-ginzburg-dies.281122</ref><ref name="ref_12ed35a2d2ef9eff1266874dd71648471802b63bf1569331180a7865e666b933">http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/11/09/us-russia-physicist-idUSTRE5A813520091109</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q19350898|physico theoretic]]'' |- | [[:d:Q39246|Q39246]] | [[Richard Feynman]] | [[File:RichardFeynman-PaineMansionWoods1984 copyrightTamikoThiel bw.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1918" | 1918-05-11<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ca4fc94fb0ac2743da55f8ece3ef96cd3ac76a7e28836b162749c62e2da5a96">''[[:d:Q17378135|Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1969–1978)]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_f2c80df09e95b58628606a2c8a10b00cd8a6048c2ebdae04cf3f20d42f6c2393">''[[:d:Q31964|Internet Broadway Database]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8281a8144a7f9896829b9934f7bdbb10157c1b2c1978fe441986b385b54a1b6b">''[[:d:Q2629164|ISFDB]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0b6394c9b71b4096d2093e1c96ed71f61a31b392bc22d3542305c22bb29142a2">''[[:d:Q2877812|Babelio]]''</ref><ref name="ref_db3d99a1e40222a7836ff836e6dfdb5b473e884559e7f11b491d3144e21f587b">''[[:d:Q3407324|Proleksis Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1988" | 1988-02-15<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b8e02536ce47e5feb558b98f426388a2d0110578f45693e3976faa86f1584d9b">''[[:d:Q547473|MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_f2c80df09e95b58628606a2c8a10b00cd8a6048c2ebdae04cf3f20d42f6c2393">''[[:d:Q31964|Internet Broadway Database]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref 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name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q16745601|quantum physicist]]''<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>[[scriptor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|professor universitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4351403|percussionista]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19350898|physico theoretic]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15143191|science communicator]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q82955|politico]]'' |- | [[:d:Q215574|Q215574]] | [[Mario R Capecchi]] | [[File:MarioCapecchiFotoThalerTamas2.JPG|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1937" | 1937-10-06<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref 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name="ref_62eea75b888ac0921f7b330df1c7bd3b7ff45d81efaf968fc7603412d176e110">https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/sep/16/home-computing-pioneer-sir-clive-sinclair-dies-aged-81</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]'' | ''[[:d:Q131524|interprenditor]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]''<br/>[[inventor]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]'' |- | [[:d:Q7439|Q7439]] | [[Richard Matthew Stallman]] | [[File:Richard Stallman Bologna 2024 abc1.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1953" | 1953-03-16<ref name="ref_dc94c0369b0c0704b1297c5e5d6c30196103b012e010ca8d43a5cc6a1cbde10b">''[[:d:Q37312|Internet Movie Database]]''</ref><ref name="ref_34e46dbfa37bac3c07eedb582f5b0c7a2996302c003e5f19915712beae24475a">''[[:d:Q10855166|The Fine Art Archive]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref> | | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q5482740|programmator]]''<ref name="ref_6f91f239bf608caac333415f54e2c4a6a52535385b3ee0f511a3c8aad9f39105">''[[:d:Q107456632|abART]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q8246794|blogger]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]''<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q15253558|activista]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''<ref name="ref_a038a894def0a35a72086159eeda90d36c532b4bb42b75f239e3225dd3a2f9ed">''[[:d:Q23833686|Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q80|Q80]] | [[Tim Berners-Lee]] | [[File:LS3 4919 (cropped).jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1955" | 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name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_8b0a327cfc00f7c0d07d4d61a30e67b8df5171572af575b03421261860e5f2fa">''[[:d:Q29861311|SNAC]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fded7aef1d55ee02519f9762a808b0bc88fa657da1816a59e0144c549e9a8ace">''[[:d:Q63056|Find a Grave]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_cd05ff4b2e7c80737dcfea926f6951432d0720738c84d35ef2684788cb398210">''[[:d:Q98769076|GeneaStar]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0b6394c9b71b4096d2093e1c96ed71f61a31b392bc22d3542305c22bb29142a2">''[[:d:Q2877812|Babelio]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec875aeb59436376ae3bca9b22aab5b87c90d11190c1703734a35406a107becf">''[[:d:Q1789619|Croatian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref><ref name="ref_004c53a89f58b6ee97f0991d4388ebd8a9144bdfb5e02f23765cc150fcd484df">https://it.wikinews.org/wiki/%C3%88_morto_Steve_Jobs</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_8023c974aba1e9f2ff175b48ef1111017a582ed846e23b218cfdf99f7d99fe40">''[[:d:Q19938912|BnF authorities]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q131524|interprenditor]]''<ref name="ref_34a8d05cd161c94c3f52a81fe94b9e2e94eaa7666f12232a2bf408070bc0312c">''[[:d:Q2494649|Union List of Artist Names]]''</ref><ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[inventor]]<ref name="ref_d40158da4c9ae8346325b8aa977616fff40ae1180590a7603dee20f05c00e262">http://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/steve-jobs-dead-apple-confirms-former-ceo-loses-cancer-fight-20111006-1lag8.html</ref><ref name="ref_8d0df4043168bee7e1d596ec80433d51b90b9988691f70e1c30d2500b178cadf">http://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/steve-jobs-quits-as-apple-ceo-20110825-1jat8.html</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q5322166|designator]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1053574|executive producer]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3282637|productor de cinema]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1979607|financier]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q133253419|technology entrepreneur]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1210069|general manager]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q4479442|founder]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> |- | [[:d:Q4273363|Q4273363]] | [[Frances H. Arnold]] | [[File:Frances Arnold in 2021 at Caltech 01 (cropped).jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1956" | 1956-07-25<ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref> | | ''[[:d:Q6581072|feminin]]'' | [[Biochimico|biochimista]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1622272|professor universitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]'' |- | [[:d:Q34253|Q34253]] | [[Linus Torvalds]] | [[File:Lc3 2018 (263682303) (cropped).jpeg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1969" | 1969-12-28<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0b6394c9b71b4096d2093e1c96ed71f61a31b392bc22d3542305c22bb29142a2">''[[:d:Q2877812|Babelio]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d93dab851f5a062783f73c103680ec63bc8865c6c5d40177ae8b6d19640a9a63">''[[:d:Q107343683|Munzinger Personen]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d4563e1be35c46281b54ba4b5f9989f8c0ccfed11c64615c0422b3b6e91ea930">''[[:d:Q10429758|Biografiskt lexikon för Finland]]''</ref> | | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]''<ref name="ref_ae252dccea5cdaaa1379456832ceda432881776d03b668cf65e400a170467893">''[[:d:Q105657727|BiographySampo]]''</ref><ref name="ref_aba585e7bcff5bc07e83f12a27e02523501f205c0eb0b67a27da135bf81e06cd">''[[:d:Q4349956|The National Biography of Finland]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q5482740|programmator]]''<ref name="ref_47f84843ae86d521d35c11af16576d7860f416fb810e9c7a49d46e2f2a5ed470">http://www.nndb.com/lists/880/000106562/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q183888|software developer]]''<br/>[[scriptor]]<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q8246794|blogger]]''<ref name="ref_f7c7d212f1d0db7d7fcbeb0af37b8464700245bb36e784dde610d22cb05b17a6">http://torvalds-family.blogspot.com/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43845|homine de affaires]]'' |- | [[:d:Q227030|Q227030]] | [[Mark Shuttleworth]] | [[File:Markshuttleworth-dublin-20101116.jpg|center|48px]] | data-sort-value="1973" | 1973-09-18 | | ''[[:d:Q6581097|mascule]]'' | ''[[:d:Q131524|interprenditor]]''<br/>[[astronauta]]<br/>''[[:d:Q81096|ingeniero]]''<br/>[[inventor]]<br/>''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q8246794|blogger]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43845|homine de affaires]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q183888|software developer]]''<ref name="ref_046b87b212b11beda13eee5625fdac94fcc45d6cb3d39e1a337eb63e2ecd7574">https://code.launchpad.net/~sabdfl</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q20623701|space tourist]]'' |} ---- &sum; 58 items. {{Wikidata list end}} d47eu2tf1v6btsmakjybj6ruzyz59qm 102 39529 704209 702778 2026-10-13T09:59:48Z ListeriaBot 24326 Wikidata list updated [V2] 704209 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q509686 } |wdq= |columns=item,P41,P94,label,P242,P300,P36,description |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! imagine del bandiera ! imagine del scuto ! label ! position geographic ! ISO 3166-2 ! capital ! description |- | [[:d:Q9063361|Q9063361]] | | | ''[[:d:Q9063361|Iquique]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q23011145|Iquique]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16622605|Q16622605]] | | | ''[[:d:Q16622605|Chancay Province]]'' | | | | |- | [[:d:Q16942171|Q16942171]] | | | ''[[:d:Q16942171|Putumayo Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Putumayo in Loreto.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q19799162|San Antonio del Estrecho]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q84575363|Q84575363]] | | | ''[[:d:Q84575363|Tinta province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de tinta.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2435935|Tinta]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q116693755|Q116693755]] | | | ''[[:d:Q116693755|Callao]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q105037|Callao]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q166706|Q166706]] | | | ''[[:d:Q166706|San Pablo Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province San Pablo in Cajamarca.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1134076|San Pablo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q188098|Q188098]] | [[File:Bandera de la provincia de Lauricocha.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q188098|Lauricocha Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Huánuco - Provincia de Lauricocha.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q125646|Jesús]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q268277|Q268277]] | [[File:Bandera de Luya.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q268277|Luya Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Luya.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2475775|Lámud]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q384980|Q384980]] | | | ''[[:d:Q384980|Morropón Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Morropón in Piura.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1089449|Chulucanas]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q514494|Q514494]] | | | ''[[:d:Q514494|La Mar Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q2726675|San Miguel, La Mar Province]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q537708|Q537708]] | | | ''[[:d:Q537708|Vilcas Huamán Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q2475760|Vilcashuamán]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q546559|Q546559]] | | | ''[[:d:Q546559|Chiclayo province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q260911|Chiclayo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q548556|Q548556]] | | | ''[[:d:Q548556|Padre Abad Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q2723604|Aguaytía]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q549969|Q549969]] | | [[File:Escudo de Parinacochas - Coracora.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q549969|Parinacochas Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q763662|Coracora]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q578912|Q578912]] | | | ''[[:d:Q578912|Chincheros Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q878820|Chincheros]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q579240|Q579240]] | [[File:Flag of Lima.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Lima.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q579240|Lima]]'' | [[File:Location of Lima Province in Peru.svg|center|48px]] | PE-LMA | [[Lima]] | |- | [[:d:Q579906|Q579906]] | [[File:Bandera de Pucallpa.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Pucallpa.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q579906|Coronel Portillo Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Atalaya in Ucayali.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Pucallpa]] | |- | [[:d:Q583300|Q583300]] | | | ''[[:d:Q583300|Otuzco Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3056421|Otuzco]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q584864|Q584864]] | | | ''[[:d:Q584864|Chumbivilcas Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Chumbivilcas in Cusco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1974445|Santo Tomás]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q588491|Q588491]] | | | ''[[:d:Q588491|San Martín Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q927933|Tarapoto]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q589047|Q589047]] | | | ''[[:d:Q589047|Jorge Basadre Province]]'' | [[File:Location of Tacna region.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2989650|Locumba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q590394|Q590394]] | | | ''[[:d:Q590394|Picota Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344087|Picota]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q601118|Q601118]] | [[File:Flag of Arequipa.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Armas de Arequipa.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q601118|Arequipa Province]]'' | | | [[Arequipa]] | |- | [[:d:Q612923|Q612923]] | [[File:Bandera de Sullana 2010.PNG|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q612923|Sullana Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q510413|Sullana]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q614628|Q614628]] | | [[File:Escudo Municipalidad de Castilla.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q614628|Castilla Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Castilla in Arequipa.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2423691|Aplao]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q615891|Q615891]] | [[File:Bandera de Aija.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Aija.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q615891|Aija Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Aija.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3317408|Aija]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q629428|Q629428]] | | | ''[[:d:Q629428|San Marcos Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3348299|San Marcos]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q629736|Q629736]] | | | ''[[:d:Q629736|Huaytará Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344099|Huaytará]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q632826|Q632826]] | [[File:..Lambayeque Flag(PERU).png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q632826|Lambayeque Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q768086|Lambayeque]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q633478|Q633478]] | [[File:Bandera Fitzcarrald.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo Fitzcarrald.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q633478|Carlos Fermín Fitzcarrald Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de San Luis.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3322620|San Luis]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q639598|Q639598]] | | | ''[[:d:Q639598|Churcampa Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3348281|Churcampa]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q644721|Q644721]] | | [[File:Escudo regional Junín.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q644721|Junín Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Junín.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2640092|Junín]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q672921|Q672921]] | | | ''[[:d:Q672921|Purús Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344870|Esperanza]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q676572|Q676572]] | [[File:Bandera de Piura.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo ciudad de Piura.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q676572|Piura Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Piura in Piura.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q223966|Piura]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q683949|Q683949]] | [[File:Bandera de Jaen (Peru).png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo Provincial de Jaén en Perú.jpg|center|48px]] | [[Provincia Jaen (Peru)|Provincia Jaen]] | [[File:Location of the province Jaén in Cajamarca.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1229885|Jaén]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q731515|Q731515]] | [[File:Bandera de Saposoa.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Saposoa.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q731515|Huallaga Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344065|Saposoa]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q746434|Q746434]] | [[File:Bandera paucartambo.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q746434|Paucartambo Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Paucartambo in Cusco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2989631|Paucartambo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q747503|Q747503]] | [[File:Bandera de Casma.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Casma.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q747503|Casma Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Casma.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3236687|Casma]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q751373|Q751373]] | [[File:Bandera de Cajabamba.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Cajabamba.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q751373|Cajabamba Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344351|Cajabamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q764487|Q764487]] | | | ''[[:d:Q764487|Marañón Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Huánuco - Provincia de Marañón.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344853|Huacrachuco]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q765311|Q765311]] | [[File:Flag of Chanchamayo.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q765311|Chanchamayo Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Chanchamayo.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1014543|La Merced]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q783136|Q783136]] | | | ''[[:d:Q783136|Palpa Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Palpa in Ica.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2640020|Palpa]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q922867|Q922867]] | | [[File:Escudo de Jauja.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q922867|Jauja Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q917434|Jauja]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q927324|Q927324]] | [[File:Bandera ascope.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo ascope.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q927324|Ascope Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344017|Ascope]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q930214|Q930214]] | [[File:Banderahuanta.jpg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Huanta.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q930214|Huanta Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q2158344|Huanta]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q938322|Q938322]] | | | ''[[:d:Q938322|Nasca Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Nasca in Ica.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1711521|Nazca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q941183|Q941183]] | [[File:Flag of Utcubamba.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Utcubamba.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q941183|Utcubamba Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Utcubamba.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q793765|Bagua Grande]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q945636|Q945636]] | | | ''[[:d:Q945636|Tahuamanu Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q1899785|Iñapari]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q946269|Q946269]] | [[File:Bandera tarma.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo De Tarma.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q946269|Tarma Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Tarma.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1759366|Tarma]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q951287|Q951287]] | [[File:Bandera Canchis.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q951287|Canchis Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Canchis in Cusco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q4419079|Sicuani]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q951816|Q951816]] | | | ''[[:d:Q951816|Bolívar Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344072|Bolívar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q960169|Q960169]] | [[File:Flag of Oxapampa.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Oxapampa.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q960169|Oxapampa Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Oxapampa in Pasco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1014523|Oxapampa]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q976034|Q976034]] | [[File:Bandera de Cerro de Pasco.JPG|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo regional Pasco.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q976034|Pasco Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Pasco in Pasco.PNG|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q674320|Cerro de Pasco]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q980098|Q980098]] | | | ''[[:d:Q980098|Ambo Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3317423|Ambo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q997406|Q997406]] | [[File:Flag of Chachapoyas.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Chachapoyas.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q997406|Chachapoyas Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Chachapoyas.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q757133|Chachapoyas]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1132101|Q1132101]] | [[File:Flag of Cusco (2021).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Cusco Emblem.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1132101|Cusco Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Cusco in Cusco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q5582862|Cusco]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1140995|Q1140995]] | [[File:Bandera de Huaraz.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Huaraz.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1140995|Huaraz province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Huaraz.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q793809|Huaraz]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1166113|Q1166113]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1166113|Bolognesi Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Bolognesi.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1074644|Chiquián]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1166116|Q1166116]] | | [[File:Chacas-escudo.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1166116|Asunción Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Asunción.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2423013|Chacas]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1166121|Q1166121]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1166121|Antonio Raymondi Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Antonio Raimondi.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3317415|Llamellín]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1166124|Q1166124]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1166124|Corongo Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Corongo.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3318939|Corongo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1166126|Q1166126]] | [[File:Bandera de Carhuaz.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Carhuaz.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1166126|Carhuaz Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Carhuaz.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1036082|Carhuaz]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1288434|Q1288434]] | [[File:Flag of Condorcanqui.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Nieva.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1288434|Condorcanqui Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3347407|Santa María de Nieva]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1325771|Q1325771]] | [[File:Bandera de Chincha alta.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Chincha alta.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1325771|Chincha Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Chincha in Ica.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q990685|Chincha Alta]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1335384|Q1335384]] | | [[File:Satipo.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1335384|Satipo Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Satipo.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3057885|Satipo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1342814|Q1342814]] | [[File:BanderaBongará.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1342814|Bongará Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Bongará.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344197|Jumbilla]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1342828|Q1342828]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1342828|Yauli Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Yauli.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1759360|La Oroya]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1343276|Q1343276]] | [[File:Bandera La Convención-Quillabamba.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1343276|La Convención Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province La Convención in Cusco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2534936|Quillabamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1355960|Q1355960]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1355960|Tacna]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Tacna in Tacna.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q272795|Tacna]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1366038|Q1366038]] | [[File:Bandera de Rodríguez de Mendoza.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1366038|Rodríguez de Mendoza Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Rodríguez de Mendoza.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3305659|Mendoza]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1366050|Q1366050]] | [[File:Bandera de Pisco.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Pisco.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1366050|Pisco Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Pisco in Ica.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q290504|Pisco]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1366082|Q1366082]] | [[File:Bandera Provincial de Bagua.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo Provincial de Bagua.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1366082|Bagua Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Bagua.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q800155|Bagua]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1367672|Q1367672]] | [[File:Flag of Ayabaca.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1367672|Ayabaca Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Ayabaca in Piura.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q792713|Ayabaca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1367991|Q1367991]] | | [[File:Escudo de Provincia Huarochirí.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1367991|Huarochirí Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Huarochirí in Lima.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q580017|Matucana]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1410654|Q1410654]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1410654|Tarata]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Tarata in Tacna.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2588449|Tarata]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1422587|Q1422587]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1422587|Cajatambo Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Cajatambo in Lima.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2638247|Cajatambo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1422590|Q1422590]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1422590|Contralmirante Villar Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Contralmirante Villar in Tumbes.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3317432|Zorritos]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1422596|Q1422596]] | [[File:Bandera de Barranca.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Barranca.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1422596|Barranca Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Barranca in Lima.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2582671|Barranca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1422601|Q1422601]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1422601|Yauyos Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Yauyos in Lima.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1812040|Yauyos]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1422606|Q1422606]] | [[File:Bandera Huaral.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo Huaral.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1422606|Huaral Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Huaral in Lima.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q723677|Huaral]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1422611|Q1422611]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1422611|Canta Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Canta in Lima.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3322638|Canta]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1422619|Q1422619]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1422619|Huancabamba Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Huancabamba in Piura.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2307821|Huancabamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1422624|Q1422624]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1422624|Oyón province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Oyón in Lima.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344010|Oyón]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1431135|Q1431135]] | [[File:Bandera de Cajamarca.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Cajamarca.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1431135|Cajamarca Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Cajamarca in Cajamarca.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q205119|Cajamarca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1431140|Q1431140]] | | [[File:Escudo de chota.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1431140|Chota Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Chota in Cajamarca.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2964558|Chota]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1431153|Q1431153]] | [[File:Bandera de Celendín.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Celendín.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1431153|Celendín Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Celendín in Cajamarca.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344002|Celendín]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1431156|Q1431156]] | [[File:Bandera de San vicente.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de San vicente.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1431156|Cañete Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Cañete in Lima.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1853969|San Vicente de Cañete]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1433001|Q1433001]] | [[File:Bandera de Huacho.jpg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Huacho.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1433001|Huaura province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Huaura in Lima.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1002052|Huacho]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1468138|Q1468138]] | [[File:Bandera de tingo maria.jpg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Tingo María.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1468138|Leoncio Prado Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Huánuco - Provincia de Leoncio Prado.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1974467|Tingo María]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1477797|Q1477797]] | [[File:Bandera de Zarumilla.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1477797|Zarumilla Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Zarumilla in Tumbes.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2877763|Zarumilla]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1479348|Q1479348]] | [[File:Bandera de Tumbes.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Tumbes.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1479348|Tumbes]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Tumbes in Tumbes.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q827640|Tumbes]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1771870|Q1771870]] | | [[File:Escudo de Abancay.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1771870|Abancay Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q215238|Abancay]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1771879|Q1771879]] | [[File:Bandera urubamba.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1771879|Urubamba Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Urubamba in Cusco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2304483|Urubamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1777621|Q1777621]] | [[File:Flag of Huancayo.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Pe ehuan.gif|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1777621|Huancayo Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Huancayo.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q468782|Huancayo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1777631|Q1777631]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1777631|Chupaca Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Chupaca.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344173|Chupaca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779624|Q1779624]] | [[File:Bandera de Huarmey.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo Huarmey Perú.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1779624|Huarmey Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Huarmey.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q430862|Huarmey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779635|Q1779635]] | [[File:Bandera de Ocros.jpg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Ocros.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1779635|Ocros Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Ocros.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3317427|Ocros]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779643|Q1779643]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1779643|Pomabamba Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Pomabamba.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3322611|Pomabamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779654|Q1779654]] | [[File:Bandera de Cabana (Ancash).png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1779654|Pallasca Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Pallasca.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3305646|Cabana]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779663|Q1779663]] | [[File:Bandera de Mariscal Luzuriaga.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Logo de la Municipalidad Provincial de Mariscal Luzuriaga.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1779663|Mariscal Luzuriaga Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Mariscal Luzuriaga.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3319310|Piscobamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779670|Q1779670]] | [[File:Flag of Caraz.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Caras escudo.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1779670|Huaylas Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Huaylas.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1035471|Caraz]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779677|Q1779677]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1779677|Maynas Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Maynas in Loreto.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q193289|Iquitos]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779688|Q1779688]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1779688|Islay Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Islay.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2351948|Mollendo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779698|Q1779698]] | [[File:Bandera La Union.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1779698|La Unión Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province La Unión in Arequipa.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2638258|Cotahuasi]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779705|Q1779705]] | [[File:Bandera de Huari.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Huari.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1779705|Huari Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Huari.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3322143|Huari]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779714|Q1779714]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1779714|Sihuas Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Sihuas.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3055947|Sihuas]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779720|Q1779720]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1779720|Recuay Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Recuay.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1701738|Recuay]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779727|Q1779727]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1779727|Caravelí Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Caravelí in Arequipa.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q968765|Caravelí]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1779734|Q1779734]] | [[File:Bandera de Chimbote.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Chimbote.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1779734|Santa Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Santa.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q518431|Chimbote]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1784851|Q1784851]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1784851|Camaná Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Camaná in Arequipa.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1028011|Camaná]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1784857|Q1784857]] | [[File:Flag of Ayacucho.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Ayacucho.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1784857|Huamanga Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q504215|Ayacucho]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1798739|Q1798739]] | [[File:Bandera de Yungay.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo Yungay.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1798739|Yungay Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Ancash - Provincia de Yungay.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q919678|Yungay]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1798747|Q1798747]] | [[File:Bandera Andahuaylas.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Andahuaylas.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1798747|Andahuaylas Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q489660|Andahuaylas]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1806435|Q1806435]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1806435|Caylloma Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q2351933|Chivay]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1806437|Q1806437]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1806437|Paucar del Sara Sara Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q2726628|Pausa]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1808513|Q1808513]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1808513|Huanca Sancos Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344909|Sancos]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1814172|Q1814172]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1814172|Grau Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Grau in Apurímac.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q879071|Chuquibambilla]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1814180|Q1814180]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1814180|Sucre Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q2918849|Querobamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1814190|Q1814190]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1814190|Cangallo Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344124|Cangallo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1814197|Q1814197]] | [[File:Flag of San Ignacio.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1814197|San Ignacio Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q11011907|San Ignacio de la Frontera]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1814203|Q1814203]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1814203|Lucanas Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q2726653|Puquio]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1814228|Q1814228]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1814228|Antabamba Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q879057|Antabamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1814234|Q1814234]] | [[File:Bandera Aymaraes-Chalhuanca.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1814234|Aymaraes Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q879065|Chalhuanca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1814244|Q1814244]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1814244|Cotabambas Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q879051|Tambobamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1814253|Q1814253]] | [[File:Bandera de Condesuyos - Chuquibamba.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Condesuyos - Chuquibamba.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1814253|Condesuyos Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Condesuyos in Arequipa.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3305671|Chuquibamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1819840|Q1819840]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1819840|Huamalíes Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Huánuco - Provincia de Huamalíes.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344864|Llata]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1920482|Q1920482]] | [[File:Bandera anta.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1920482|Anta Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Anta in Cusco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3348268|Anta]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1920491|Q1920491]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1920491|Julcán Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344059|Julcán]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1920500|Q1920500]] | [[File:Bandera canas.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1920500|Canas Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Canas in Cusco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2989624|Yanaoca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1920509|Q1920509]] | | [[File:Escudo Atalaya.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1920509|Atalaya Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Atalaya in Ucayali.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3322627|Atalaya]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1920520|Q1920520]] | [[File:Bandera quispicanchi.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1920520|Quispicanchi Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Quispicanchi in Cusco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2989619|Urcos]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1920564|Q1920564]] | | [[File:Escudo de Cascas.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1920564|Gran Chimú Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344040|Cascas]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1920572|Q1920572]] | [[File:Bandera de Yurimaguas-Alto Amazonas.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1920572|Alto Amazonas Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Alto Amazonas in Loreto.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q117625|Yurimaguas]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1920599|Q1920599]] | [[File:Banderachepen.jpg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Chepen.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1920599|Chepén Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Chepén in La Libertad.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2962698|Chepén]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1920602|Q1920602]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1920602|Acomayo Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Acomayo in Cusco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2582682|Acomayo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1920613|Q1920613]] | [[File:Bandera paruro.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1920613|Paruro Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Paruro in Cusco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2989645|Paruro]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1920922|Q1920922]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1920922|Mariscal Ramón Castilla Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Mariscal Ramón Castilla in Loreto.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3317724|Caballococha]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1935565|Q1935565]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1935565|San Antonio de Putina Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province San Antonio de Putina in Puno.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344150|Putina]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944216|Q1944216]] | [[File:Bandera de Macusani.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Macusani.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1944216|Carabaya Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Carabaya in Puno.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3348229|Macusani]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944227|Q1944227]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1944227|Huancané Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Huancane in Puno.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2638267|Huancané]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944238|Q1944238]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1944238|Santiago de Chuco Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344084|Santiago de Chuco]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944245|Q1944245]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1944245|Sánchez Carrión Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q1632770|Huamachuco]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944257|Q1944257]] | [[File:Bandera de Ilo.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the province of Ilo, Peru.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1944257|Ilo Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q1000341|Ilo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944266|Q1944266]] | [[File:Bandera de San Pedro de Lloc.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Guadalupe Pacasmayo.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1944266|Pacasmayo Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q1014474|San Pedro de Lloc]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944276|Q1944276]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1944276|Puerto Inca Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Huánuco - Provincia de Puerto Inca.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3348305|Puerto Inca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944288|Q1944288]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1944288|Daniel Alcides Carrión Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344095|Yanahuanca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944299|Q1944299]] | [[File:BanderaCandarave.png|center|48px]] | [[File:EscudoCandarave.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1944299|Candarave Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Candarave in Tacna.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344236|Candarave]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944312|Q1944312]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1944312|Castrovirreyna Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Castrovirreyna in Huancavelica.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3348254|Castrovirreyna]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944325|Q1944325]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1944325|Requena Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Requena in Loreto.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344103|Requena]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944337|Q1944337]] | [[File:Bandera de San Román.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1944337|San Román Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province San Román in Puno.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q696074|Juliaca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944347|Q1944347]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1944347|Lampa Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Lampa in Puno.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2638295|Lampa]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944356|Q1944356]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1944356|Melgar Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Melgar in Puno.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344141|Ayaviri]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1944431|Q1944431]] | [[File:Bandera de Moquegua.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo Moquegua Perú.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1944431|Mariscal Nieto Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q1000346|Moquegua]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1947116|Q1947116]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1947116|Víctor Fajardo Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q950080|Huancapi]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1947893|Q1947893]] | [[File:Bandera de Omate.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1947893|General Sánchez Cerro Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3322634|Omate]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1947910|Q1947910]] | [[File:Cutervo flag.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1947910|Cutervo Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3348263|Cutervo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1947926|Q1947926]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1947926|Hualgayoc Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3348274|Bambamarca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1947944|Q1947944]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1947944|Mariscal Cáceres Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Mariscal Caceres in San Martín.PNG|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2671983|Juanjuí]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1947960|Q1947960]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1947960|San Miguel Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q11002429|San Miguel de Pallaques]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1947973|Q1947973]] | [[File:Bandera espinar.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1947973|Espinar Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3345555|Yauri]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1948003|Q1948003]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1948003|Contumazá Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344032|Contumazá]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1948019|Q1948019]] | [[File:Bandera calca.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1948019|Calca Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344215|Calca]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1948039|Q1948039]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1948039|Acobamba Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Acobamba in Huancavelica.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344877|Acobamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1948051|Q1948051]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1948051|Virú Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344843|Virú]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1948067|Q1948067]] | | [[File:ESCUDO FERREÑAFE.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1948067|Ferreñafe Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q2143690|Ferreñafe]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1948135|Q1948135]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1948135|Sandia Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Sandia in Puno.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344209|Sandia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1948150|Q1948150]] | | [[File:Escudo de la ciudad de Moyobamba.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1948150|Moyobamba Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Moyobamba in San Martín.PNG|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q285672|Moyobamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1948180|Q1948180]] | [[File:Bandera de Pataz.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Pataz.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1948180|Pataz Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Pataz in La Libertad.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344090|Tayabamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1948195|Q1948195]] | [[File:Bandera Tayacaja.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Tayacaja.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1948195|Tayacaja Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Tayacaja in Huancavelica.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2725364|Pampas]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1991124|Q1991124]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1991124|Concepción Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Concepción.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q43418|Concepción]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1995145|Q1995145]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1995145|Loreto Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Loreto in Loreto.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3309417|Nauta]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1999122|Q1999122]] | | | ''[[:d:Q1999122|Tambopata Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q541435|Puerto Maldonado]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2013418|Q2013418]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2013418|Ucayali Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Ucayali in Loreto.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3317773|Contamana]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2013427|Q2013427]] | [[File:Flag of Trujillo (Peru).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Trujillo (Perú).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2013427|Trujillo province]]'' | | | [[Trujillo (Peru)|Trujillo]] | |- | [[:d:Q2017690|Q2017690]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2017690|Datem del Marañón Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Datem del Marañón in Loreto.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3317765|San Lorenzo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2084618|Q2084618]] | [[File:Flag of Paita.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Paita.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2084618|Paita Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q1026270|Paita]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2084630|Q2084630]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2084630|Santa Cruz Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q11043230|Santa Cruz de Succhubamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2084641|Q2084641]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2084641|Pachitea Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Huánuco - Provincia de Pachitea.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344024|Panao]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2084648|Q2084648]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2084648|Rioja Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344069|Rioja]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2084659|Q2084659]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2084659|Tocache Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344048|Tocache]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2084668|Q2084668]] | [[File:Bandera huacaybamba.jpg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2084668|Huacaybamba Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Huánuco - Provincia de Huacaybamba.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344109|Huacaybamba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2084675|Q2084675]] | | [[File:Escudo-dorado.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2084675|El Dorado Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q11034041|San José de Sisa]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2084681|Q2084681]] | [[File:Flag of Puno.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Puno.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2084681|Puno Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Puno in Puno.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q232842|Puno]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2084689|Q2084689]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2084689|Bellavista Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344055|Bellavista]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2084696|Q2084696]] | [[File:Flag of Ica.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of Ica.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2084696|Ica Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q840712|Ica]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2084862|Q2084862]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2084862|Angaraes Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3344061|Lircay]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2088810|Q2088810]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2088810|Dos de Mayo Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Huánuco - Provincia de Dos de Mayo.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q595441|La Unión]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2088824|Q2088824]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2088824|Azángaro Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Azángaro in Puno.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2638284|Azángaro]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2088833|Q2088833]] | [[File:Bandera El Collao-Ilave.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de El Collao-Ilave.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2088833|El Collao Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3348236|Ilave]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2088849|Q2088849]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2088849|Yarowilca Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Huánuco - Provincia de Yarowilca.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3344081|Chavinillo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2088859|Q2088859]] | [[File:Bandera de Huancavelica.png|center|48px]] | [[File:08hvescudo.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2088859|Huancavelica Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q1000333|Huancavelica]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2088871|Q2088871]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2088871|Chucuito Province]]'' | [[File:Location of the province Chucuito in Puno.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2588438|Juli]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2088882|Q2088882]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2088882|Yunguyo Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q2306609|Yunguyo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2089123|Q2089123]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2089123|Moho Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q934450|Moho]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2100624|Q2100624]] | [[File:Flag of Huánuco.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo De Huanuco.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2100624|Huánuco Province]]'' | [[File:Dep. Huánuco - Provincia de Huánuco.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q504394|Huánuco]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2281473|Q2281473]] | [[File:Bandera de Lamas.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Lamas.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2281473|Lamas Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3139869|Lamas]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2287233|Q2287233]] | [[File:Flag of Sechura.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo Sechura.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2287233|Sechura Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3236446|Sechura]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2287241|Q2287241]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2287241|Talara Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q723584|Talara]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2320717|Q2320717]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2320717|Manú Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3348291|Villa Salvación]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2634400|Q2634400]] | [[File:Bandera del Callao.png|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo del Callao.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2634400|Constitutional Province of Callao]]'' | [[File:Peru - Callao, Constitutional Province of (locator map).svg|center|48px]] | PE-CAL | ''[[:d:Q105037|Callao]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4790285|Q4790285]] | | [[File:Coat of Arms of Arica.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q4790285|Arica]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q2203|Arica]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5240570|Q5240570]] | | | ''[[:d:Q5240570|Tarapacá]]'' | [[File:Mapa comercial del Peru - por Gabriel Cueto, 1874 - btv1b84411262.jpg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q14440|Iquique]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q6088838|Q6088838]] | | | ''[[:d:Q6088838|Moquegua Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q1000346|Moquegua]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7685484|Q7685484]] | | | ''[[:d:Q7685484|Tarapacá]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q3471546|San Lorenzo de Tarapacá]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q9063356|Q9063356]] | | | ''[[:d:Q9063356|Conchucos Province]]'' | [[File:Provincia de Conchucos (1820-1839).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3319310|Piscobamba]]'' | |} {{Wikidata list end}} 9sqg53xgmzubw1kbj3bbw7gpdnbe3dp 102 39799 704172 695258 2026-10-12T16:18:12Z ListeriaBot 24326 Wikidata list updated [V2] 704172 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q15149663 } |wdq= |columns=item,P41,P94,label,P242,P300,P36,description |thumb=36 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! imagine del bandiera ! imagine del scuto ! label ! position geographic ! ISO 3166-2 ! capital ! description |- | [[:d:Q655|Q655]] | [[File:Flag of Chihuahua.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Chihuahua.svg|center|36px]] | [[Stato de Chihuahua|Stato Chihuahua]] | [[File:Chihuahua in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-CHH<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q61302|Chihuahua City]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q13160|Q13160]] | [[File:Flag of Jalisco.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Jalisco.svg|center|36px]] | [[Jalisco]] | [[File:Jalisco in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-JAL<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | [[Guadalajara (Mexico)|Guadalajara]]<ref name="ref_4aac17fe3b630d0b91bbe85265716159a30ee17c0fd4c6785dc5bd936b5e32f3">''[[:d:Q795074|Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía]]''</ref> | stato mexican |- | [[:d:Q15282|Q15282]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Nuevo Leon.svg|center|36px]] | [[Nuevo Leon|Stato Nuevo Leon]] | [[File:Nuevo Leon in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-NLE<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q81033|Monterrey]]'' | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q34110|Q34110]] | [[File:Flag of Oaxaca.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Oaxaca.svg|center|36px]] | [[Oaxaca|Stato Oaxaca]] | [[File:Oaxaca in Mexico.svg|center|36px]] | MX-OAX<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q131429|Oaxaca de Juárez]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q46422|Q46422]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Sonora.svg|center|36px]] | [[Sonora|Stato Sonora]] | [[File:Sonora in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-SON<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q189138|Hermosillo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q46475|Q46475]] | [[File:Flag of Guanajuato.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Escudo de armas de la Ciudad y Estado de Guanajuato.svg|center|36px]] | [[Guanajuato]] | [[File:Guanajuato in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-GUA<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q61306|Guanajuato]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q46508|Q46508]] | [[File:Flag of Baja California Sur.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Baja California Sur.svg|center|36px]] | [[Baja California Sur]] | [[File:Baja California Sur in Mexico.svg|center|36px]] | MX-BCS<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q214215|La Paz]]'' | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q53079|Q53079]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Coahuila.svg|center|36px]] | [[Coahuila]] | [[File:Coahuila in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-COA<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q53077|Saltillo]]'' | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q58731|Q58731]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Baja California.svg|center|36px]] | [[Baja California]] | [[File:Baja California in Mexico.svg|center|36px]] | MX-BCN<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | [[Mexicali]] | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q60123|Q60123]] | | [[File:Coat of Arms of Chiapas (2026).svg|center|36px]] | [[Chiapas]] | [[File:Chiapas in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-CHP<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q207429|Tuxtla Gutiérrez]]'' | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q60130|Q60130]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Veracruz.svg|center|36px]] | [[Veracruz]] | [[File:Veracruz in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-VER<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q221051|Xalapa]]'' | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q60158|Q60158]] | [[File:Flag of Guerrero.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Guerrero.svg|center|36px]] | [[Guerrero (stato)|Guerrero]] | [[File:Guerrero in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-GRO<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q207935|Chilpancingo de los Bravo]]'' | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q60176|Q60176]] | [[File:Flag of Yucatan.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Yucatan.svg|center|36px]] | [[Yucatán]] | [[File:Yucatan in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-YUC<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q165204|Mérida]]'' | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q61309|Q61309]] | [[File:Flag of Colima.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Colima.svg|center|36px]] | [[Colima]] | [[File:Colima in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-COL<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q61320|Colima]]''<ref name="ref_4aac17fe3b630d0b91bbe85265716159a30ee17c0fd4c6785dc5bd936b5e32f3">''[[:d:Q795074|Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q66117|Q66117]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Morelos.svg|center|36px]] | [[Morelos]] | [[File:Morelos in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-MOR<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q204245|Cuernavaca]]'' | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q78980|Q78980]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of San Luis Potosi.svg|center|36px]] | [[San Luis Potosi]] | [[File:San Luis Potosi in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-SLP<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q204271|San Luis Potosí]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79754|Q79754]] | [[File:Flag of Queretaro.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Queretaro.svg|center|36px]] | [[Queretaro]] | [[File:Queretaro in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-QUE<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q173121|Santiago de Querétaro]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79861|Q79861]] | | [[File:Escudo del Estado de Michoacán.svg|center|36px]] | [[Michoacan]] | [[File:Michoacan in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-MIC<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q200252|Morelia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79918|Q79918]] | [[File:Flag of Durango.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Durango.svg|center|36px]] | [[Durango]] | [[File:Durango in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-DUR<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q112813|Victoria de Durango]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79920|Q79920]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Nayarit.svg|center|36px]] | [[Nayarit]] | [[File:Nayarit en México.svg|center|36px]] | MX-NAY<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q207972|Tepic]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79923|Q79923]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Puebla.svg|center|36px]] | [[Puebla]] | [[File:Puebla in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-PUE<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q125293|Heroica Puebla de Zaragoza]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79952|Q79952]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Aguascalientes.svg|center|36px]] | [[Aguascalientes]] | [[File:Aguascalientes in Mexico (zoom).svg|center|36px]] | MX-AGU<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | [[Aguascalientes (citate)|Aguascalientes]]<ref name="ref_f9f7643ae322db2d18291af590c26da374c314baf37d9c9791973ec8d2ffbb68">https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Aguascalientes;3866433.html</ref> | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q80007|Q80007]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Tamaulipas.svg|center|36px]] | [[Tamaulipas]] | [[File:Tamaulipas in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-TAM<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q331661|Ciudad Victoria]]'' | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q80245|Q80245]] | [[File:Flag of Quintana Roo.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Quintana Roo.svg|center|36px]] | [[Quintana Roo]] | [[File:Quintana Roo in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-ROO<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q459553|Chetumal]]'' | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q80252|Q80252]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Sinaloa.svg|center|36px]] | [[Sinaloa]] | [[File:Sinaloa in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-SIN<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q211760|Culiacán]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q80269|Q80269]] | | [[File:Escudo de armas de la Ciudad y Estado de Zacatecas.svg|center|36px]] | [[Zacatecas]] | [[File:Zacatecas in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-ZAC<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q139242|Zacatecas]]'' | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q80903|Q80903]] | | [[File:Escudo del Estado Libre y Soberano de Hidalgo.png|center|36px]] | [[Hidalgo (stato)|Hidalgo]] | [[File:Hidalgo in Mexico (zoom).svg|center|36px]] | MX-HID<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | [[Pachuca de Soto]] | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q80908|Q80908]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Campeche.svg|center|36px]] | [[Campeche]] | [[File:Campeche in Mexico.svg|center|36px]] | MX-CAM<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q61301|San Francisco de Campeche]]''<ref name="ref_4aac17fe3b630d0b91bbe85265716159a30ee17c0fd4c6785dc5bd936b5e32f3">''[[:d:Q795074|Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q80914|Q80914]] | [[File:Flag of Tabasco.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Tabasco.svg|center|36px]] | [[Tabasco]] | [[File:Tabasco in Mexico (location map scheme).svg|center|36px]] | MX-TAB<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q210886|Villahermosa]]''<ref name="ref_4aac17fe3b630d0b91bbe85265716159a30ee17c0fd4c6785dc5bd936b5e32f3">''[[:d:Q795074|Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía]]''</ref> | stato de Mexico |- | [[:d:Q82112|Q82112]] | | [[File:Coat of arms of Mexico State.svg|center|36px]] | [[Stato de Mexico|Stato Mexico]] | [[File:Mexico (state) in Mexico (zoom).svg|center|36px]] | MX-MEX<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q209034|Toluca de Lerdo]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q82681|Q82681]] | [[File:Flag of Tlaxcala.svg|center|36px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Tlaxcala.svg|center|36px]] | [[Tlaxcala]] | [[File:Tlaxcala in Mexico (zoom).svg|center|36px]] | MX-TLA<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q689987|Tlaxcala de Xicoténcatl]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q949898|Q949898]] | | | ''[[:d:Q949898|Coahuila y Tejas]]'' | [[File:Coahuila y Texas in Mexico (1824).svg|center|36px]] | | ''[[:d:Q53077|Saltillo]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q990007|Monclova]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2389503|Q2389503]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2389503|Estado de Occidente]]'' | | | | |- | [[:d:Q2628583|Q2628583]] | | | ''[[:d:Q2628583|Nuevo León-Coahuila]]'' | [[File:Map of Nuevo Leon-Coahuila.PNG|center|36px]] | | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} ez5rkcabz7h9152p1hvt67gunaagfcv 102 39840 704194 702738 2026-10-13T04:54:48Z ListeriaBot 24326 Wikidata list updated [V2] 704194 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q15617994 } |wdq= |columns=item,label,P279,P31,description |thumb=32 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! label ! subclasse de ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q5473816|Q5473816]] | ''[[:d:Q5473816|Crown land]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19832712|historical administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5571369|Q5571369]] | ''[[:d:Q5571369|quarter of a city in Italy]]'' | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2824645|divisiones administrative de Italia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5639312|Q5639312]] | [[voivodato]] | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5811429|Q5811429]] | ''[[:d:Q5811429|districto de Managua]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15633191|distrito]]''<ref name="ref_c5c18d02d2456633a865aa182f508540bb9b7fd9b79faec5410bcc187a564713">https://legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni/normaweb.nsf/3133c0d121ea3897062568a1005e0f89/3eeff3b3d65b7dca062570a100578775?OpenDocument=</ref><ref name="ref_2140b8da7d48a7bcf9ae7ac2fa244fac2a7e7090ffd0d9dc0eae783758b76f89">https://legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni/Normaweb.nsf/%28%24All%29/CB601E7A823CA0F2062576C600548A12?OpenDocument</ref><ref name="ref_c1ecf794bf294dbadc7b7cd4a918fce24e3a2a7c515bb0f5aa4e78d3265d6202">https://legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni/Normaweb.nsf/b34f77cd9d23625e06257265005d21fa/09721a4025c41318062570a1005830de</ref> | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<ref name="ref_c5c18d02d2456633a865aa182f508540bb9b7fd9b79faec5410bcc187a564713">https://legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni/normaweb.nsf/3133c0d121ea3897062568a1005e0f89/3eeff3b3d65b7dca062570a100578775?OpenDocument=</ref><ref name="ref_c1ecf794bf294dbadc7b7cd4a918fce24e3a2a7c515bb0f5aa4e78d3265d6202">https://legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni/Normaweb.nsf/b34f77cd9d23625e06257265005d21fa/09721a4025c41318062570a1005830de</ref><ref name="ref_2140b8da7d48a7bcf9ae7ac2fa244fac2a7e7090ffd0d9dc0eae783758b76f89">https://legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni/Normaweb.nsf/%28%24All%29/CB601E7A823CA0F2062576C600548A12?OpenDocument</ref> | typo de unitate territorial de Managua, Nicaragua; septe districtos create per Decreto Executive 421 (1989), reducite a cinque post Lege 329 e le creation de Ciudad Sandino e El Crucero (1999), e reorganisate in septe per Ordination Municipal 03-2009 |- | [[:d:Q5942455|Q5942455]] | ''[[:d:Q5942455|keverang]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19832712|historical administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q6014817|Q6014817]] | ''[[:d:Q6014817|karye]]'' | | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q6024226|Q6024226]] | ''[[:d:Q6024226|metropolitan municipality]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q200250|metropole]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1907114|area metropolitan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q6026936|Q6026936]] | ''[[:d:Q6026936|liva]]'' | | [[Unitate militar]]<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q6063891|Q6063891]] | ''[[:d:Q6063891|partido]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q6100739|Q6100739]] | ''[[:d:Q6100739|administrative territorial entity of Istanbul]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q6104039|Q6104039]] | ''[[:d:Q6104039|región socioeconómica de Costa Rica]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q6106059|Q6106059]] | ''[[:d:Q6106059|Indian republics]]'' | ''[[:d:Q25380035|ethnic community]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1839674|lands inhabited by indigenous peoples]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q6972919|Q6972919]] | ''[[:d:Q6972919|National Government Park]]'' | ''[[:d:Q22746|urban park]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q137393561|type of park]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7194321|Q7194321]] | ''[[:d:Q7194321|has]]'' | ''[[:d:Q975783|estate in land]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q5473816|Crown land]]''<ref name="ref_268b7068665b16c80a5ae4117de3e05654b47632163243a2af084b0f27b515d0">https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/has--arazi</ref> | ''[[:d:Q19832712|historical administrative division]]''<ref name="ref_268b7068665b16c80a5ae4117de3e05654b47632163243a2af084b0f27b515d0">https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/has--arazi</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7251287|Q7251287]] | ''[[:d:Q7251287|protected area of Wales]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7251293|protected area of the United Kingdom]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7251291|Q7251291]] | ''[[:d:Q7251291|protected area of the Northern Territory]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q13406463|lista de Wikimedia]]'' | lista de un projecto de Wikimedia |- | [[:d:Q7375078|Q7375078]] | ''[[:d:Q7375078|royal manor]]'' | ''[[:d:Q196068|lordship]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1550557|manorialism]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q188063|fiefdom]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7380054|Q7380054]] | ''[[:d:Q7380054|Luak Tanah Mengandung]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q118594136|luak]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7425963|Q7425963]] | ''[[:d:Q7425963|Satavado]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7432341|Q7432341]] | ''[[:d:Q7432341|school division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q398141|school district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7444705|Q7444705]] | ''[[:d:Q7444705|sector]]'' | ''[[:d:Q219858|zone]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7495728|Q7495728]] | ''[[:d:Q7495728|shiyakha]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15044339|administrative territorial entity of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7551933|Q7551933]] | ''[[:d:Q7551933|mahalla]]'' | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q5084|hamlet]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q4286337|city district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7631923|Q7631923]] | ''[[:d:Q7631923|subregion]]'' | [[region]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7703797|Q7703797]] | ''[[:d:Q7703797|Territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3253485|administrative territorial entity of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q141463208|Q141463208]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7886462|Q7886462]] | ''[[:d:Q7886462|moshav shitufi]]'' | ''[[:d:Q917146|moshav]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161387|kibbutz]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7887960|Q7887960]] | ''[[:d:Q7887960|United Kingdom aircraft registration]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2438179|civil aircraft]]'' | ''[[:d:Q838849|aircraft registration]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7888177|Q7888177]] | ''[[:d:Q7888177|United Kingdom military aircraft registration mark]]'' | ''[[:d:Q838849|aircraft registration]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q216916|military aircraft]]'' | ''[[:d:Q140396411|military aircraft registration mark]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q8071905|Q8071905]] | ''[[:d:Q8071905|Zillah]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q8242634|Q8242634]] | ''[[:d:Q8242634|Baronía de Cárcer]]'' | | [[Territorio]]<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q8501237|Q8501237]] | ''[[:d:Q8501237|large city]]'' | ''[[:d:Q50231|administrative territorial entity of the People's Republic of China]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q9367715|Q9367715]] | ''[[:d:Q9367715|ulus]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q10139375|Q10139375]] | ''[[:d:Q10139375|Eastern Catholic ecclesiastical province]]'' | ''[[:d:Q111737478|Catholic ecclesiastical district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q625160|ecclesiastical province]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q427961|metropolis]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q118905629|type of Roman Catholic institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q10296503|Q10296503]] | ''[[:d:Q10296503|župa]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q10433151|Q10433151]] | ''[[:d:Q10433151|civic municipality]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1969448|term]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q10466601|Q10466601]] | ''[[:d:Q10466601|Danske grevskaber og baronier]]'' | ''[[:d:Q353344|countship]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q10545864|Q10545864]] | ''[[:d:Q10545864|kism]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15044339|administrative territorial entity of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q10551473|Q10551473]] | ''[[:d:Q10551473|parish union]]'' | ''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q10666776|Q10666776]] | ''[[:d:Q10666776|setting]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q10861243|Q10861243]] | ''[[:d:Q10861243|stamp territory]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q10910840|Q10910840]] | ''[[:d:Q10910840|Ting]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11183787|Q11183787]] | ''[[:d:Q11183787|Ortschaft]]'' | ''[[:d:Q253019|Ortsteil]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11385643|Q11385643]] | ''[[:d:Q11385643|ho]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q29428403|pentad]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11396088|Q11396088]] | ''[[:d:Q11396088|bunkoku]]'' | ''[[:d:Q860290|province of Japan]]''<br/>[[Territorio]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11414697|Q11414697]] | ''[[:d:Q11414697|myō]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11424278|Q11424278]] | ''[[:d:Q11424278|autonomous ward (Japan)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1850442|administrative territorial entity of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11479488|Q11479488]] | ''[[:d:Q11479488|Industrial District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1662024|industrial district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11479490|Q11479490]] | ''[[:d:Q11479490|Exclusive Industrial District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11480694|Q11480694]] | ''[[:d:Q11480694|urbanization promotion area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11643682|city planning area of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q16142566|city planning (Japan)]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q116691874|area classification (Japan)]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11480695|Q11480695]] | ''[[:d:Q11480695|urbanization control area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11643682|city planning area of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q116691874|area classification (Japan)]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q16142566|city planning (Japan)]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11488831|Q11488831]] | ''[[:d:Q11488831|mikuriya]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1887569|shōen]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11564383|Q11564383]] | ''[[:d:Q11564383|Quasi-residential District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11564397|Q11564397]] | ''[[:d:Q11564397|Quasi-industrial District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11564414|Q11564414]] | ''[[:d:Q11564414|quasi-city planning area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q28692710|state territory]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11564415|Q11564415]] | ''[[:d:Q11564415|Quasi-fire Prevention District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11570788|Q11570788]] | ''[[:d:Q11570788|special use district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q473972|protected area]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11570918|Q11570918]] | ''[[:d:Q11570918|Specified Block]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11602099|Q11602099]] | ''[[:d:Q11602099|Category 1 Medium-to-high-rise Exclusive Residential District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11602100|Q11602100]] | ''[[:d:Q11602100|Category 1 Residential District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11602101|Q11602101]] | ''[[:d:Q11602101|Category 1 Low-rise Exclusive Residential District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11602320|Q11602320]] | ''[[:d:Q11602320|Category 2 Medium-to-high-rise Exclusive Residential District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11602321|Q11602321]] | ''[[:d:Q11602321|Category 2 Low-rise Exclusive Residential District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11602322|Q11602322]] | ''[[:d:Q11602322|Category 2 Residential District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11602738|Q11602738]] | ''[[:d:Q11602738|suji]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11607807|Q11607807]] | ''[[:d:Q11607807|Ryokuchi hozen chiiki]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q5162954|conservation designation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11631303|Q11631303]] | ''[[:d:Q11631303|hyō]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11639125|Q11639125]] | ''[[:d:Q11639125|Neighborhood Commercial District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11643597|Q11643597]] | ''[[:d:Q11643597|Special Districts for Urban Renaissance]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11643682|Q11643682]] | ''[[:d:Q11643682|city planning area of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q28692710|state territory]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11649786|Q11649786]] | ''[[:d:Q11649786|railway zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1192403|concession]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11657023|Q11657023]] | ''[[:d:Q11657023|Fire Prevention District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11664885|Q11664885]] | ''[[:d:Q11664885|ryō]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11665558|Q11665558]] | ''[[:d:Q11665558|Scenic districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q759882|protected landscape area]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q858308|Cultural Property of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11668267|Q11668267]] | ''[[:d:Q11668267|駐車場整備地区]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11669892|Q11669892]] | ''[[:d:Q11669892|High-level Use District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11669894|Q11669894]] | ''[[:d:Q11669894|Height Control District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11916810|Q11916810]] | ''[[:d:Q11916810|Deli en Serdang]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11970574|Q11970574]] | ''[[:d:Q11970574|Country (Norwegian history)]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12033861|Q12033861]] | ''[[:d:Q12033861|Lokalie]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121144515|type of religious institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12039398|Q12039398]] | ''[[:d:Q12039398|městská část]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4286337|city district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12132320|Q12132320]] | ''[[:d:Q12132320|Енпуç ен]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12409827|Q12409827]] | ''[[:d:Q12409827|Territory of the Tribe of Manasseh]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q104442652|territory of a tribe]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12479773|Q12479773]] | ''[[:d:Q12479773|first-level administrative country subdivision in Indonesia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1434505|administrative territorial entity of Indonesia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12479774|Q12479774]] | ''[[:d:Q12479774|second-level administrative country subdivision in Indonesia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1434505|administrative territorial entity of Indonesia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3299260|local government area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12724246|Q12724246]] | ''[[:d:Q12724246|cnezat]]'' | [[Principato]] | ''[[:d:Q1307214|forma de governamento]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12778511|Q12778511]] | ''[[:d:Q12778511|vicariate]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1492823|ecclesiastical district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12910663|Q12910663]] | ''[[:d:Q12910663|srez]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12978349|Q12978349]] | ''[[:d:Q12978349|Special Grade Municipalities]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q13058507|Q13058507]] | ''[[:d:Q13058507|subdivision of West Bengal]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q13358528|Q13358528]] | ''[[:d:Q13358528|fiscal district]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q10947702|administrative territorial entity of Song dynasty]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q16077826|administrative territorial entity of Jin dynasty]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11387891|administrative territorial entity of the Yuan Empire]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q718570|circuit]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q13526752|Q13526752]] | ''[[:d:Q13526752|lugar]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11939023|populated place nucleus]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3257686|localitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3055118|single entity of population]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q98966309|classification of human settlements]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q13646349|Q13646349]] | ''[[:d:Q13646349|Government (Dutch East Indies)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q14777355|Q14777355]] | ''[[:d:Q14777355|mahalla of Bangladesh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2271985|administrative territorial entity of Bangladesh]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q7551933|mahalla]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q14916058|Q14916058]] | ''[[:d:Q14916058|territory]]'' | [[Territorio]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15253706|Q15253706]] | ''[[:d:Q15253706|city]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q7930989|city or town]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15630906|Q15630906]] | ''[[:d:Q15630906|rural district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q149621|district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15637757|Q15637757]] | ''[[:d:Q15637757|mahakuma]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15649504|Q15649504]] | ''[[:d:Q15649504|satrapy]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1371288|vassal state]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15725677|Q15725677]] | ''[[:d:Q15725677|pedanía]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q98966309|classification of human settlements]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15727673|Q15727673]] | ''[[:d:Q15727673|city district of Hanover]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2740635|Stadtbezirk]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15728204|Q15728204]] | ''[[:d:Q15728204|province of Saudi Arabia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15623255|administrative territorial entity of Saudi Arabia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1771656|mintaqa]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15894786|Q15894786]] | ''[[:d:Q15894786|United States administrative division type]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15901936|Q15901936]] | ''[[:d:Q15901936|district of South Korea (autonomous)]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q149621|district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q41156|administrative territorial entity of South Korea]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15903862|Q15903862]] | ''[[:d:Q15903862|縣轄區]]'' | ''[[:d:Q149621|district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q28872924|designation for an administrative territorial entity of a single country]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16118675|Q16118675]] | ''[[:d:Q16118675|حي شعبي]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15642541|human-geographic territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16142566|Q16142566]] | ''[[:d:Q16142566|city planning (Japan)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q69883|urbanistica]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q69883|urbanistica]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16181672|Q16181672]] | ''[[:d:Q16181672|special autonomous city in South Korea]]'' | ''[[:d:Q41156|administrative territorial entity of South Korea]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<br/>[[citate]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16638537|Q16638537]] | ''[[:d:Q16638537|мястэчка]]'' | ''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16646034|Q16646034]] | ''[[:d:Q16646034|episcopal vicariate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12778511|vicariate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121144515|type of religious institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16652878|Q16652878]] | ''[[:d:Q16652878|zaimka]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3257686|localitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16915726|Q16915726]] | ''[[:d:Q16915726|mesoregion]]'' | [[region]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17051044|Q17051044]] | ''[[:d:Q17051044|mahalle]]'' | ''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2916486|administrative territorial entity type of Turkey]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17130641|Q17130641]] | ''[[:d:Q17130641|syssel]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17143723|Q17143723]] | ''[[:d:Q17143723|Catholic parish]]'' | ''[[:d:Q102496|parish]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<ref name="ref_077f98c9b6834479313df83a5999c3486ebb74fd613105ca4b4d0d994ab4f2d8">''[[:d:Q7005198|New Advent]]''</ref><ref name="ref_077f98c9b6834479313df83a5999c3486ebb74fd613105ca4b4d0d994ab4f2d8">''[[:d:Q7005198|New Advent]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q13358519|parish]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q23955632|Catholic organization]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43229|organisation]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q118905629|type of Roman Catholic institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17147958|Q17147958]] | ''[[:d:Q17147958|intendency]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17208868|Q17208868]] | ''[[:d:Q17208868|都市再生緊急整備地域]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17217734|Q17217734]] | ''[[:d:Q17217734|tenaga]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17299748|Q17299748]] | ''[[:d:Q17299748|Vulka]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17319258|Q17319258]] | ''[[:d:Q17319258|presidency of British India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2385925|presidencies and provinces in British India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3558349|presidency]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17361443|Q17361443]] | ''[[:d:Q17361443|administrative territorial entity of a state of the United States]]'' | [[divisiones politic del Statos Unite]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17990737|Q17990737]] | ''[[:d:Q17990737|Landscape Districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q759882|protected landscape area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q18199255|Q18199255]] | ''[[:d:Q18199255|Amtskommune]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q18658990|Q18658990]] | ''[[:d:Q18658990|Ke-tsng-siā-hiunn]]'' | ''[[:d:Q18652293|Pó-lí-hiong-ò]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3268571|administrative territorial entity of a single country]]'' | ''[[:d:Q18658211|administrative territorial entity of Taiwan under Qing rule]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10915529|administrative division of Taiwan under Japanese rule]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q18729324|Q18729324]] | ''[[:d:Q18729324|razyezd]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q19563262|Q19563262]] | ''[[:d:Q19563262|county of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q64606162|administrative territorial entity of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q26654367|former county]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q19610511|Q19610511]] | ''[[:d:Q19610511|township]]'' | ''[[:d:Q141104744|geopolitical region]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q19703730|Q19703730]] | ''[[:d:Q19703730|district-notary office]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q19832689|Q19832689]] | ''[[:d:Q19832689|îlot]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15642541|human-geographic territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q19868905|Q19868905]] | ''[[:d:Q19868905|administrative territorial entity of Minas Gerais]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10374536|administrative territorial entity of Brazil]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q19905455|Q19905455]] | ''[[:d:Q19905455|borough]]'' | ''[[:d:Q688718|administrative territorial entity of Quebec]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q14757767|fourth-level administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q5195043|borough]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q30059|arrondissement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q19939940|Q19939940]] | ''[[:d:Q19939940|ban]]'' | ''[[:d:Q41156|administrative territorial entity of South Korea]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15640612|fifth-level administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q5084|hamlet]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q19941361|Q19941361]] | ''[[:d:Q19941361|tong]]'' | ''[[:d:Q41156|administrative territorial entity of South Korea]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q14757767|fourth-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q20113851|Q20113851]] | ''[[:d:Q20113851|gun]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q20180964|Q20180964]] | ''[[:d:Q20180964|franciscan custody]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q20203616|Q20203616]] | ''[[:d:Q20203616|Indian reservation]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1839674|lands inhabited by indigenous peoples]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q57237926|reservation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q25380035|ethnic community]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q20541692|Q20541692]] | ''[[:d:Q20541692|settlement in Galicia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3257686|localitate]]''<br/>[[village]]<br/>[[Organisation territorial de Espania|entitate territorial administrative de Espania]]<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]]<ref name="ref_1fbd72c043ce0480eaea53a397388f5226d3cd78ac056c09e7b89586971eb320">''[[:d:Q3306957|Galician Statute of Autonomy of 1981]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<ref name="ref_1fbd72c043ce0480eaea53a397388f5226d3cd78ac056c09e7b89586971eb320">''[[:d:Q3306957|Galician Statute of Autonomy of 1981]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q20826981|Q20826981]] | ''[[:d:Q20826981|Rural community (local government)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q387917|administrative divisions of Germany]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q175185|rural area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q20986707|Q20986707]] | ''[[:d:Q20986707|cantred]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q21039427|Q21039427]] | ''[[:d:Q21039427|boma]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15623929|administrative territorial entity of South Sudan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q21619677|Q21619677]] | ''[[:d:Q21619677|amanate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q6501447|local government]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q21824758|Q21824758]] | ''[[:d:Q21824758|ga]]'' | ''[[:d:Q41156|administrative territorial entity of South Korea]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q21824871|Q21824871]] | ''[[:d:Q21824871|ro]]'' | ''[[:d:Q41156|administrative territorial entity of South Korea]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q22085013|Q22085013]] | ''[[:d:Q22085013|eparchy]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q22693483|Q22693483]] | ''[[:d:Q22693483|Pflegamt]]'' | ''[[:d:Q643589|departimento]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q23827464|Q23827464]] | ''[[:d:Q23827464|centre of Saudi Arabia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15623255|administrative territorial entity of Saudi Arabia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q24024848|Q24024848]] | ''[[:d:Q24024848|eup of South Korea]]'' | ''[[:d:Q42132|eup]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q41156|administrative territorial entity of South Korea]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q24026248|Q24026248]] | ''[[:d:Q24026248|участок]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q24859699|Q24859699]] | ''[[:d:Q24859699|総合区]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1850442|administrative territorial entity of Japan]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q29925520|borough of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q24949989|Q24949989]] | ''[[:d:Q24949989|Zonal Council]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q24953176|Q24953176]] | ''[[:d:Q24953176|special administrative region]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q25377531|Q25377531]] | ''[[:d:Q25377531|Territorial Authority]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q25532202|Q25532202]] | ''[[:d:Q25532202|amlak]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q25537045|Q25537045]] | ''[[:d:Q25537045|khaganate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q417175|regno]]'' | ''[[:d:Q17362920|Wikimedia duplicated page]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q26262476|Q26262476]] | ''[[:d:Q26262476|third-level administrative country subdivision in Indonesia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1434505|administrative territorial entity of Indonesia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q26912005|Q26912005]] | ''[[:d:Q26912005|regio]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15642541|human-geographic territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27254663|Q27254663]] | ''[[:d:Q27254663|Station village]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27254666|Q27254666]] | ''[[:d:Q27254666|urban-type settlement by the railway station]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27295972|Q27295972]] | ''[[:d:Q27295972|посёлок железнодорожной платформы]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27517998|Q27517998]] | ''[[:d:Q27517998|маяк]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27518087|Q27518087]] | ''[[:d:Q27518087|казарма]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27518260|Q27518260]] | ''[[:d:Q27518260|монтёрский пункт]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27518266|Q27518266]] | ''[[:d:Q27518266|метеостанция]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27518282|Q27518282]] | ''[[:d:Q27518282|гидрологический пост]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27518287|Q27518287]] | ''[[:d:Q27518287|контрольный пункт связи]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27518793|Q27518793]] | ''[[:d:Q27518793|железнодорожный блокпост]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27526294|Q27526294]] | ''[[:d:Q27526294|железнодорожный пост]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27526303|Q27526303]] | ''[[:d:Q27526303|лесной посёлок]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27531730|Q27531730]] | ''[[:d:Q27531730|kordon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27532791|Q27532791]] | ''[[:d:Q27532791|railway booth]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27532818|Q27532818]] | ''[[:d:Q27532818|railway barracks]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27537456|Q27537456]] | ''[[:d:Q27537456|железнодорожный дом]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27537502|Q27537502]] | ''[[:d:Q27537502|посёлок лесоучастка]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27566198|Q27566198]] | ''[[:d:Q27566198|остановочная платформа]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27577201|Q27577201]] | ''[[:d:Q27577201|железнодорожная платформа]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27587207|Q27587207]] | ''[[:d:Q27587207|city municipality]]'' | ''[[:d:Q192287|administrative divisions of Russia]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27587491|Q27587491]] | ''[[:d:Q27587491|urban-type settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15078955|urban-type settlement in Russia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27588300|Q27588300]] | ''[[:d:Q27588300|железнодорожная площадка]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27588331|Q27588331]] | ''[[:d:Q27588331|state farm settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q28081313|Q28081313]] | ''[[:d:Q28081313|municipality section]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q28517354|Q28517354]] | ''[[:d:Q28517354|sesma]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19832712|historical administrative division]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q28683636|Q28683636]] | ''[[:d:Q28683636|High-rise residential Attraction District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q28754498|Q28754498]] | ''[[:d:Q28754498|chōme]]'' | ''[[:d:Q5327369|chōchō]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q29925520|Q29925520]] | ''[[:d:Q29925520|borough of Japan]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q29946056|Q29946056]] | ''[[:d:Q29946056|highly urbanized city]]'' | ''[[:d:Q104157|city of the Philippines]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30674761|Q30674761]] | ''[[:d:Q30674761|Australian marine park]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2616170|marine reserve]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30749622|Q30749622]] | ''[[:d:Q30749622|archpriesthood]]'' | ''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q385337|deanery]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30928563|Q30928563]] | ''[[:d:Q30928563|邑]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q7884789|toponym]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30943418|Q30943418]] | ''[[:d:Q30943418|城]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q31835971|Q31835971]] | ''[[:d:Q31835971|Munizipalität]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q31883575|Q31883575]] | ''[[:d:Q31883575|amt]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q33146843|Q33146843]] | ''[[:d:Q33146843|municipality of Catalonia]]'' | [[municipalitates de Espania]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11917457|subdivisions of Catalonia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q42692874|Q42692874]] | ''[[:d:Q42692874|Verwaltungsbezirk]]'' | ''[[:d:Q264441|Bezirk]]''<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q47795905|Q47795905]] | ''[[:d:Q47795905|Piarist province]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2029182|province of a religious order]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q109612062|territorial demarcation of the Pious Schools]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q48760287|Q48760287]] | ''[[:d:Q48760287|Countryside Residential District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q48784221|Q48784221]] | ''[[:d:Q48784221|collación]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1761572|barrio]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1626455|parroquia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q48816145|Q48816145]] | ''[[:d:Q48816145|sector of Islamabad]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7444705|sector]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q51041800|Q51041800]] | ''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1530022|organisation religiose]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121144515|type of religious institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q52063214|Q52063214]] | ''[[:d:Q52063214|provincial park]]'' | ''[[:d:Q473972|protected area]]''<br/>[[parco]]<br/>''[[:d:Q728904|nature park]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q137393561|type of park]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q52226526|Q52226526]] | ''[[:d:Q52226526|Roede van Harelbeke]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>[[canton]] | |- | [[:d:Q55237813|Q55237813]] | ''[[:d:Q55237813|village of New York]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q751708|village in the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q47682|administrative territorial entity of New York]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1683373|Q1683373]] | ''[[:d:Q1683373|Edo-period village]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4174776|village of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1761072|Q1761072]] | ''[[:d:Q1761072|state park]]'' | ''[[:d:Q473972|protected area]]''<br/>[[parco]]<ref name="ref_420055a4825d3d507a1b1bab63ea8356b7d9c4b38be8887d8bcf27ff32cf86f6">''[[:d:Q52441805|Thesaurus for Graphic Materials]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q137393561|type of park]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1761350|Q1761350]] | ''[[:d:Q1761350|sum]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1761572|Q1761572]] | ''[[:d:Q1761572|barrio]]'' | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1764608|Q1764608]] | ''[[:d:Q1764608|muhafazah]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1798622|governorate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1771656|Q1771656]] | ''[[:d:Q1771656|mintaqa]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1780506|Q1780506]] | ''[[:d:Q1780506|commune of Benin]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3502443|administrative territorial entity of Benin]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1782540|Q1782540]] | ''[[:d:Q1782540|railway town]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1787683|Q1787683]] | ''[[:d:Q1787683|Kreishauptmannschaft]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1790016|Q1790016]] | ''[[:d:Q1790016|protected area of Colombia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q473972|protected area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1798622|Q1798622]] | ''[[:d:Q1798622|governorate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1839674|Q1839674]] | ''[[:d:Q1839674|lands inhabited by indigenous peoples]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1887569|Q1887569]] | ''[[:d:Q1887569|shōen]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2478141|aristocrate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q178706|institution]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2116450|manor estate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1850442|administrative territorial entity of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1990968|Q1990968]] | ''[[:d:Q1990968|Divisional Secretariat of Sri Lanka]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15313532|administrative territorial entity of Sri Lanka]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q859482|secretariat]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2023000|Q2023000]] | ''[[:d:Q2023000|khutor]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q72030539|farmstead]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2029182|Q2029182]] | ''[[:d:Q2029182|province of a religious order]]'' | ''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q111737478|Catholic ecclesiastical district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1435020|General Curia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q124098638|Roman Catholic ecclesiastical province]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121144515|type of religious institution]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q104098715|territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2029618|Q2029618]] | ''[[:d:Q2029618|markaz]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1306755|centro administrative]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2034632|Q2034632]] | ''[[:d:Q2034632|starostwo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q64606162|administrative territorial entity of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2083380|Q2083380]] | ''[[:d:Q2083380|parish union]]'' | ''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q111737478|Catholic ecclesiastical district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q124964|coalition]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2113743|Q2113743]] | ''[[:d:Q2113743|magiri]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q75020334|administrative division of the Ryukyu Kingdom]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1850442|administrative territorial entity of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2139516|Q2139516]] | ''[[:d:Q2139516|riksintresse (Sweden)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q96211395|heritage site in Sweden]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q473972|protected area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2177636|Q2177636]] | ''[[:d:Q2177636|municipality of Denmark]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11618279|LAU 1]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3976655|administrative territorial entity of Denmark]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3266850|commune]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43229|organisation]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10541491|legal form]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2225692|Q2225692]] | ''[[:d:Q2225692|fourth-level administrative division in Indonesia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1434505|administrative territorial entity of Indonesia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q14757767|fourth-level administrative division]]''<br/>[[village]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2246189|Q2246189]] | ''[[:d:Q2246189|justiciarate]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2298529|Q2298529]] | ''[[:d:Q2298529|corregimiento]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q17147964|administrative territorial entity of the Spanish Empire]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19832712|historical administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2311958|Q2311958]] | [[canton]] | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | unitate administrative in varie paises |- | [[:d:Q2330190|Q2330190]] | ''[[:d:Q2330190|subprefecture in Hokkaidō]]'' | ''[[:d:Q850450|subprefecture of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2349866|Q2349866]] | ''[[:d:Q2349866|Stimmkreis]]'' | ''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2385925|Q2385925]] | ''[[:d:Q2385925|presidencies and provinces in British India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15646492|administrative territorial entity of British India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2401504|Q2401504]] | ''[[:d:Q2401504|darugha]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2460358|Q2460358]] | ''[[:d:Q2460358|municipality of Turkey]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2916486|administrative territorial entity type of Turkey]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2500304|Q2500304]] | ''[[:d:Q2500304|electoral division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3356092|administrative territorial entity of Ireland]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2513212|Q2513212]] | ''[[:d:Q2513212|županija]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2514025|Q2514025]] | ''[[:d:Q2514025|posyolok]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2543447|Q2543447]] | ''[[:d:Q2543447|region of Nunavut]]'' | ''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1414991|area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | lista de un projecto de Wikimedia |- | [[:d:Q2576151|Q2576151]] | ''[[:d:Q2576151|daïra]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2577883|Q2577883]] | ''[[:d:Q2577883|occupied territory]]'' | ''[[:d:Q123614767|occupied location]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2615343|Q2615343]] | ''[[:d:Q2615343|region]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3455524|region administrative]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2631496|Q2631496]] | ''[[:d:Q2631496|constituency of the European Parliament]]'' | ''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2695008|Q2695008]] | ''[[:d:Q2695008|administrative territorial entity of Luxembourg]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3268571|administrative territorial entity of a single country]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2706826|Q2706826]] | ''[[:d:Q2706826|sheikhdom]]'' | [[Principato]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1307214|forma de governamento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2738486|Q2738486]] | ''[[:d:Q2738486|krai]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2880091|Q2880091]] | ''[[:d:Q2880091|bayrak]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2135465|legal term or legal concept]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2885819|Q2885819]] | ''[[:d:Q2885819|ledanía]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2944629|Q2944629]] | ''[[:d:Q2944629|Arrotxapea]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2944644|Q2944644]] | ''[[:d:Q2944644|Ezcaba]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2944651|Q2944651]] | ''[[:d:Q2944651|Buztintxuri]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2944737|Q2944737]] | ''[[:d:Q2944737|Iturrama]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2991489|Q2991489]] | ''[[:d:Q2991489|County palatine]]'' | ''[[:d:Q28575|county]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q353344|countship]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3012073|Q3012073]] | ''[[:d:Q3012073|daikansho]]'' | ''[[:d:Q481289|residentia official]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3015636|Q3015636]] | ''[[:d:Q3015636|Txantrea]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3025553|Q3025553]] | ''[[:d:Q3025553|Diputación Foral de Navarra]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q3044930|provincial deputation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3183364|Q3183364]] | [[Organisation territorial de Espania|entitate territorial administrative de Espania]] | ''[[:d:Q3268571|administrative territorial entity of a single country]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3187075|Q3187075]] | ''[[:d:Q3187075|aimag]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3252884|Q3252884]] | ''[[:d:Q3252884|Gau]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4835091|territory]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3266850|Q3266850]] | ''[[:d:Q3266850|commune]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2221906|geographic location]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3268571|Q3268571]] | ''[[:d:Q3268571|administrative territorial entity of a single country]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3327874|Q3327874]] | ''[[:d:Q3327874|rural municipality of Canada]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3788231|municipal government in Canada]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3750285|administrative territorial entity of Canada]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q17457753|census subdivision in Canada]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3333989|Q3333989]] | ''[[:d:Q3333989|minor local entity of Spain]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10854310|administrative territorial entity below municipality in Spain]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q14757767|fourth-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3360771|Q3360771]] | ''[[:d:Q3360771|administrative territorial entity of Cameroon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3268571|administrative territorial entity of a single country]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3373237|Q3373237]] | ''[[:d:Q3373237|payam]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15623929|administrative territorial entity of South Sudan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3434769|Q3434769]] | ''[[:d:Q3434769|macroregion]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q137022846|type of region]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3455524|Q3455524]] | ''[[:d:Q3455524|region administrative]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q18810687|political institution]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q137022846|type of region]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1969448|term]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3477348|Q3477348]] | ''[[:d:Q3477348|urban area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15642541|human-geographic territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3491994|Q3491994]] | ''[[:d:Q3491994|subdistrict]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3518810|Q3518810]] | ''[[:d:Q3518810|unorganized area of Canada]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3750285|administrative territorial entity of Canada]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q17457753|census subdivision in Canada]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q269528|unincorporated area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3532042|Q3532042]] | ''[[:d:Q3532042|block]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3642453|Q3642453]] | ''[[:d:Q3642453|Borgate officielles de Rome]]'' | ''[[:d:Q702492|area urban]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3677901|Q3677901]] | ''[[:d:Q3677901|circunscripción]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q21286738|Wikimedia permanent duplicate item]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3689003|Q3689003]] | ''[[:d:Q3689003|contrada]]'' | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3772949|Q3772949]] | ''[[:d:Q3772949|subah]]'' | [[provincia]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3818638|Q3818638]] | ''[[:d:Q3818638|mudiriyah]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3826458|Q3826458]] | ''[[:d:Q3826458|lamidat]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43229|organisation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4008486|Q4008486]] | ''[[:d:Q4008486|Borgo Vanchiglia]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4024737|Q4024737]] | ''[[:d:Q4024737|pastoral zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4129217|Q4129217]] | ''[[:d:Q4129217|vyselok]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4165160|Q4165160]] | ''[[:d:Q4165160|ドーリャ]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4208486|Q4208486]] | ''[[:d:Q4208486|qadiyat]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4313916|Q4313916]] | ''[[:d:Q4313916|Nasleg]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4204491|administrative territorial entity of the Soviet Union]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1192440|history of the administrative division of Russia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1376945|Administrative divisions of the Sakha Republic]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4315043|Q4315043]] | ''[[:d:Q4315043|district national]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3268571|administrative territorial entity of a single country]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1427085|okrug]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4332636|Q4332636]] | ''[[:d:Q4332636|Кас]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4377540|Q4377540]] | ''[[:d:Q4377540|praetorian prefecture]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15644911|administrative territorial entity of the Roman Empire]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4388751|Q4388751]] | ''[[:d:Q4388751|razryad]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19832712|historical administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4393587|Q4393587]] | ''[[:d:Q4393587|republic]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4425709|Q4425709]] | ''[[:d:Q4425709|sō]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4174776|village of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4456179|Q4456179]] | ''[[:d:Q4456179|territorial unit with special status of Moscow]]'' | ''[[:d:Q462667|administrative territorial entity of Moscow]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4535144|Q4535144]] | ''[[:d:Q4535144|yurt]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4691989|Q4691989]] | ''[[:d:Q4691989|agency]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4856913|Q4856913]] | ''[[:d:Q4856913|banner]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4897108|Q4897108]] | ''[[:d:Q4897108|partida]]'' | ''[[:d:Q175185|rural area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4899885|Q4899885]] | ''[[:d:Q4899885|beylerbeylik]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1993723|administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | |- | [[:d:Q4976993|Q4976993]] | ''[[:d:Q4976993|parish]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5121385|Q5121385]] | ''[[:d:Q5121385|circle]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5144960|Q5144960]] | ''[[:d:Q5144960|microregion]]'' | [[region]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5148433|Q5148433]] | ''[[:d:Q5148433|Mexico City colonia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q5148198|colonia of Mexico]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5154611|Q5154611]] | ''[[:d:Q5154611|community]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5195043|Q5195043]] | ''[[:d:Q5195043|borough]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5284423|Q5284423]] | ''[[:d:Q5284423|division]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5284624|Q5284624]] | ''[[:d:Q5284624|division of West Bengal]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5434436|Q5434436]] | ''[[:d:Q5434436|fanzhen]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10922837|administrative territorial entity of the Tang dynasty]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1197588|military government]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5084|Q5084]] | ''[[:d:Q5084|hamlet]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3055118|single entity of population]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11939023|populated place nucleus]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1497375|architectural ensemble]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4632675|dwelling place]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q98966309|classification of human settlements]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q6256|Q6256]] | [[pais]] | ''[[:d:Q4835091|territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7275|Q7275]] | [[stato]] | ''[[:d:Q155076|juridical person]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1896989|subject of international law]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q96196009|former or current state]]'' | ''[[:d:Q211606|social structure]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | organisation politic e juridic de un territorio delimitate |- | [[:d:Q7688|Q7688]] | ''[[:d:Q7688|raion]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12829|Q12829]] | ''[[:d:Q12829|comarca]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<ref name="ref_fb1f64d34c5132f5694317071ca178ed1972feacbb7953a7f9690398b08c1731">''[[:d:Q13219454|Library of Congress Authorities]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15284|Q15284]] | ''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2659904|government organization]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | division administrative |- | [[:d:Q19576|Q19576]] | ''[[:d:Q19576|wilaya]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q23058|Q23058]] | [[cantones de Switza]] | ''[[:d:Q7631075|entitate territorial administrative de Switza]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q107390|stato federate]]''<br/>[[canton]]<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | entitates administrative constituente de Switza |- | [[:d:Q24764|Q24764]] | ''[[:d:Q24764|municipality of the Philippines]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1350310|administrative territorial entity of the Philippines]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3957|burgo]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43229|organisation]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27002|Q27002]] | ''[[:d:Q27002|selsoviet]]'' | ''[[:d:Q211201|soviet]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4204491|administrative territorial entity of the Soviet Union]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q31749783|selsoviet]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q14757767|fourth-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q28575|Q28575]] | ''[[:d:Q28575|county]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>[[region]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30059|Q30059]] | ''[[:d:Q30059|arrondissement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4835091|territory]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q34876|Q34876]] | [[provincia]] | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q42132|Q42132]] | ''[[:d:Q42132|eup]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q44753|Q44753]] | ''[[:d:Q44753|province of Argentina]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3042547|administrative territorial entity of Argentina]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q46169|Q46169]] | [[parco national]] | [[parco]]<ref name="ref_420055a4825d3d507a1b1bab63ea8356b7d9c4b38be8887d8bcf27ff32cf86f6">''[[:d:Q52441805|Thesaurus for Graphic Materials]]''</ref><ref name="ref_fb1f64d34c5132f5694317071ca178ed1972feacbb7953a7f9690398b08c1731">''[[:d:Q13219454|Library of Congress Authorities]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q473972|protected area]]''<ref name="ref_fb1f64d34c5132f5694317071ca178ed1972feacbb7953a7f9690398b08c1731">''[[:d:Q13219454|Library of Congress Authorities]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q62059246|public reserve]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q386426|natural heritage]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q137393561|type of park]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q108028209|designation type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q57318|Q57318]] | ''[[:d:Q57318|free imperial city]]'' | [[citate]]<br/>''[[:d:Q26830017|state in the Holy Roman Empire]]''<br/>[[Citate-stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q13218276|free city]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q61878|Q61878]] | [[barangay]] | ''[[:d:Q1350310|administrative territorial entity of the Philippines]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1761572|barrio]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q86622|Q86622]] | ''[[:d:Q86622|governorate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q17310396|administrative territorial entity of the Russian Empire]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1798622|governorate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4204491|administrative territorial entity of the Soviet Union]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q102496|Q102496]] | ''[[:d:Q102496|parish]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121144515|type of religious institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q112099|Q112099]] | [[stato insular]] | [[stato]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q111018943|habited island]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q127448|Q127448]] | ''[[:d:Q127448|communa svedese]]'' | ''[[:d:Q914262|administrative territorial entity of Sweden]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10541491|legal form]]''<ref name="ref_5b5ad8eccbd23d32f8151624d3a14f5e5e47154a2fa1fe282807b0648f6c1a3e">https://www.skatteverket.se/foretag/drivaforetag/startaochregistrera/organisationsnummer.4.361dc8c15312eff6fd235d1.html</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | municipalitate in Svedia |- | [[:d:Q131401|Q131401]] | ''[[:d:Q131401|califato]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4204060|stato islamic]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1250464|realm]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1307214|forma de governamento]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q148837|Q148837]] | ''[[:d:Q148837|polis]]'' | [[Citate-stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q15661340|ancient city]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q149621|Q149621]] | ''[[:d:Q149621|district]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q154547|Q154547]] | [[ducato]] | [[stato]]<br/>[[monarchia]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q161243|Q161243]] | ''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q618123|geographical feature]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q165116|Q165116]] | ''[[:d:Q165116|grand duchy]]'' | [[ducato]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q171308|Q171308]] | [[oblast]] | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q182547|Q182547]] | [[provincia del Imperio Roman]] | ''[[:d:Q100205512|administrative territorial entity of ancient Rome]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q183366|Q183366]] | [[Territorio]] | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>[[region]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q191093|Q191093]] | ''[[:d:Q191093|province of South Africa]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4683555|administrative territorial entity of South Africa]]''<br/>[[provincia]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q196068|Q196068]] | ''[[:d:Q196068|lordship]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188063|fiefdom]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1550557|manorialism]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19944802|government structure]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q208500|Q208500]] | [[Principato]] | [[stato]]<br/>[[monarchia]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1550557|manorialism]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q188063|fiefdom]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1307214|forma de governamento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q223573|Q223573]] | ''[[:d:Q223573|barony]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q264441|Q264441]] | ''[[:d:Q264441|Bezirk]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q285181|Q285181]] | ''[[:d:Q285181|eparchy]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1492823|ecclesiastical district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q94670589|Christian organization]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q22085013|eparchy]]'' | ''[[:d:Q121144515|type of religious institution]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q104098715|territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q313354|Q313354]] | ''[[:d:Q313354|hundred]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q353344|Q353344]] | ''[[:d:Q353344|countship]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q43229|organisation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q373074|Q373074]] | ''[[:d:Q373074|suffragan diocese]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q665487|diocese]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q374614|Q374614]] | ''[[:d:Q374614|urban district of Great Britain and Ireland]]'' | ''[[:d:Q717478|administrative territorial entity of the United Kingdom]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q398141|Q398141]] | ''[[:d:Q398141|school district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q149621|district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2385804|educational institution]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q6663997|local education agency]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q399445|Q399445]] | ''[[:d:Q399445|amt]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q451019|Q451019]] | ''[[:d:Q451019|gutsbezirk]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q837766|local authority]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q475050|Q475050]] | [[Districto federal]] | ''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q5214867|federal territory]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q482810|Q482810]] | ''[[:d:Q482810|Special City of Korea]]'' | [[citate]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q483515|Q483515]] | ''[[:d:Q483515|myeon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q41156|administrative territorial entity of South Korea]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q483519|Q483519]] | ''[[:d:Q483519|ri]]'' | ''[[:d:Q41156|administrative territorial entity of South Korea]]''<br/>[[village]]<br/>''[[:d:Q14757767|fourth-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q485258|Q485258]] | ''[[:d:Q485258|Statos de Brasil]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10374536|administrative territorial entity of Brazil]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | entitates federative de Brasil |- | [[:d:Q490933|Q490933]] | ''[[:d:Q490933|local community]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q177634|community]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q137018865|type of place]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q499073|Q499073]] | ''[[:d:Q499073|direct-controlled municipality]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15092400|independent city]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q515483|Q515483]] | ''[[:d:Q515483|baladiyya]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q515716|Q515716]] | ''[[:d:Q515716|prefecture]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q517267|Q517267]] | ''[[:d:Q517267|commandery]]'' | ''[[:d:Q41761295|administrative territorial entity of China]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q518343|Q518343]] | ''[[:d:Q518343|municipal borough]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1006876|borough in the United Kingdom]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q562061|Q562061]] | ''[[:d:Q562061|market municipality]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q18511725|urbe de mercato]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q609042|Q609042]] | ''[[:d:Q609042|shtetl]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3374262|miasteczko]]''<br/>[[village]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q620225|Q620225]] | ''[[:d:Q620225|apostolic vicariate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q12778511|vicariate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1492823|ecclesiastical district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43229|organisation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q111737478|Catholic ecclesiastical district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q118905629|type of Roman Catholic institution]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q17197366|type of organization]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q625160|Q625160]] | ''[[:d:Q625160|ecclesiastical province]]'' | ''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4835091|territory]]''<br/>[[provincia]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121144515|type of religious institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q643589|Q643589]] | ''[[:d:Q643589|departimento]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q687121|Q687121]] | ''[[:d:Q687121|volost]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q688385|Q688385]] | ''[[:d:Q688385|Talschaft]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q718570|Q718570]] | ''[[:d:Q718570|circuit]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q770948|Q770948]] | ''[[:d:Q770948|okres]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q771444|Q771444]] | ''[[:d:Q771444|aul]]'' | ''[[:d:Q136678713|fortified village]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q98966309|classification of human settlements]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q782614|Q782614]] | ''[[:d:Q782614|autonomous region]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q788176|autonomous administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q788176|Q788176]] | ''[[:d:Q788176|autonomous administrative territorial entity]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q817477|Q817477]] | ''[[:d:Q817477|tehsil]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q839328|Q839328]] | ''[[:d:Q839328|fu]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q905280|Q905280]] | ''[[:d:Q905280|pyatina]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q914262|Q914262]] | ''[[:d:Q914262|administrative territorial entity of Sweden]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3268571|administrative territorial entity of a single country]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q923805|Q923805]] | ''[[:d:Q923805|trittys]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q935921|Q935921]] | ''[[:d:Q935921|kaza]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1993723|administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1006876|Q1006876]] | ''[[:d:Q1006876|borough in the United Kingdom]]'' | ''[[:d:Q5195043|borough]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q717478|administrative territorial entity of the United Kingdom]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1070912|Q1070912]] | ''[[:d:Q1070912|zhou]]'' | ''[[:d:Q515716|prefecture]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q41761295|administrative territorial entity of China]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19832712|historical administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1087624|Q1087624]] | ''[[:d:Q1087624|nahiyah]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1093829|Q1093829]] | ''[[:d:Q1093829|citate del Statos Unite de America]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3327870|municipality in the United States]]''<br/>[[citate]]<br/>''[[:d:Q5951278|urban area of the United States]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1122846|Q1122846]] | ''[[:d:Q1122846|district of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1850442|administrative territorial entity of Japan]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q149621|district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q517267|commandery]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1137272|Q1137272]] | ''[[:d:Q1137272|county borough]]'' | ''[[:d:Q717478|administrative territorial entity of the United Kingdom]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1138414|Q1138414]] | ''[[:d:Q1138414|isolated settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4632675|dwelling place]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2887356|farmyard]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1497364|building complex]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1141653|Q1141653]] | ''[[:d:Q1141653|prowincja]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>[[provincia]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1205915|Q1205915]] | ''[[:d:Q1205915|German Reich within the borders of 31 December 1937]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q17524420|aspect of history]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1209783|Q1209783]] | ''[[:d:Q1209783|shukuba]]'' | ''[[:d:Q786014|rest area]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q63987304|stage station]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1850442|administrative territorial entity of Japan]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q120922181|postal station]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1210300|Q1210300]] | ''[[:d:Q1210300|Mkhare]]'' | ''[[:d:Q244339|administrative territorial entity of Georgia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1273945|Q1273945]] | ''[[:d:Q1273945|pashalik]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1993723|administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1288520|Q1288520]] | ''[[:d:Q1288520|local council in Israel]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2762194|local government in Israel]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q98966309|classification of human settlements]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1336152|Q1336152]] | ''[[:d:Q1336152|princely state]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15646492|administrative territorial entity of British India]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1371288|vassal state]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1345234|Q1345234]] | ''[[:d:Q1345234|comarca of Spain]]'' | [[Organisation territorial de Espania|entitate territorial administrative de Espania]]<br/>''[[:d:Q12829|comarca]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]''<br/>[[Territorio]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1350181|Q1350181]] | ''[[:d:Q1350181|shire of Scotland]]'' | ''[[:d:Q461231|administrative territorial entity of Scotland]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19832712|historical administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q67376938|historic county of the United Kingdom]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1364324|Q1364324]] | ''[[:d:Q1364324|uezd]]'' | ''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1367821|Q1367821]] | ''[[:d:Q1367821|subprefecture]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1427085|Q1427085]] | ''[[:d:Q1427085|okrug]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1462047|Q1462047]] | ''[[:d:Q1462047|vilayet]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1993723|administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19576|wilaya]]'' | ''[[:d:Q28872924|designation for an administrative territorial entity of a single country]]''<ref name="ref_91c7c23bff8c4dcbdbe5d51fa021788763682add9ec85294b192cf219b99e5bb">https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/vilayet</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1503467|Q1503467]] | ''[[:d:Q1503467|Unrechtsstaat]]'' | [[stato]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1506541|Q1506541]] | ''[[:d:Q1506541|Roman Catholic ecclesiastical region]]'' | ''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q111737478|Catholic ecclesiastical district]]''<br/>[[region]]<br/>''[[:d:Q23955632|Catholic organization]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q118905629|type of Roman Catholic institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1541735|Q1541735]] | ''[[:d:Q1541735|former province of Hokkaidō]]'' | ''[[:d:Q860290|province of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1564271|Q1564271]] | ''[[:d:Q1564271|nahiye]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1993723|administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q14757767|fourth-level administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1087624|nahiyah]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1584957|Q1584957]] | ''[[:d:Q1584957|district of Palermo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3976662|subdivision of Palermo]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q13582281|circoscrizione di decentramento comunale in Italy]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1631226|Q1631226]] | ''[[:d:Q1631226|settlement council]]'' | ''[[:d:Q948571|organ of state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q211201|soviet]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1633408|Q1633408]] | ''[[:d:Q1633408|concelho]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15284|municipalitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q124098638|Q124098638]] | ''[[:d:Q124098638|Roman Catholic ecclesiastical province]]'' | ''[[:d:Q111737478|Catholic ecclesiastical district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q625160|ecclesiastical province]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q23955632|Catholic organization]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q118905629|type of Roman Catholic institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q124466626|Q124466626]] | ''[[:d:Q124466626|Gokusho Urban Landscape Formation District]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q676050|old town]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2221906|geographic location]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q473972|protected area]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q124474738|Q124474738]] | ''[[:d:Q124474738|Jōtenji-dōri Urban Landscape Formation District]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2221906|geographic location]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q473972|protected area]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q124669069|Q124669069]] | ''[[:d:Q124669069|division of Madhya Pradesh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q124958590|Q124958590]] | ''[[:d:Q124958590|arrondissement de Brazzaville]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30059|arrondissement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125352368|Q125352368]] | ''[[:d:Q125352368|村镇]]'' | ''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125626392|Q125626392]] | ''[[:d:Q125626392|revenue division in Tamil Nadu]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125626445|Q125626445]] | ''[[:d:Q125626445|revenue division in Andhra Pradesh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125626476|Q125626476]] | ''[[:d:Q125626476|revenue division in Telangana]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125627541|Q125627541]] | ''[[:d:Q125627541|revenue division in Kerala]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125631936|Q125631936]] | ''[[:d:Q125631936|subdivision of Bihar]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125631953|Q125631953]] | ''[[:d:Q125631953|subdivision of Uttar Pradesh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907346|Q125907346]] | ''[[:d:Q125907346|division of Uttar Pradesh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907347|Q125907347]] | ''[[:d:Q125907347|division of Jharkhand]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907349|Q125907349]] | ''[[:d:Q125907349|division of Chhattisgarh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907350|Q125907350]] | ''[[:d:Q125907350|division of Rajasthan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907351|Q125907351]] | ''[[:d:Q125907351|division of Haryana]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907352|Q125907352]] | ''[[:d:Q125907352|division of Jammu And Kashmir]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907353|Q125907353]] | ''[[:d:Q125907353|division of Bihar]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907354|Q125907354]] | ''[[:d:Q125907354|division of Assam]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907355|Q125907355]] | ''[[:d:Q125907355|division of Odisha]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907356|Q125907356]] | ''[[:d:Q125907356|division of Delhi]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907357|Q125907357]] | ''[[:d:Q125907357|division of Maharashtra]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907359|Q125907359]] | ''[[:d:Q125907359|division of Himachal Pradesh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907360|Q125907360]] | ''[[:d:Q125907360|division of Karnataka]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907362|Q125907362]] | ''[[:d:Q125907362|division of Meghalaya]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907363|Q125907363]] | ''[[:d:Q125907363|division of Arunachal Pradesh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907364|Q125907364]] | ''[[:d:Q125907364|division of Ladakh]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907365|Q125907365]] | ''[[:d:Q125907365|division of Punjab]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907368|Q125907368]] | ''[[:d:Q125907368|division of Uttarakhand]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125907369|Q125907369]] | ''[[:d:Q125907369|division of Nagaland]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1230708|division in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125918906|Q125918906]] | ''[[:d:Q125918906|subdivision of Maharashtra]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125919325|Q125919325]] | ''[[:d:Q125919325|subdivision of Uttarakhand]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125919353|Q125919353]] | ''[[:d:Q125919353|subdivision of Jharkhand]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q125923559|Q125923559]] | ''[[:d:Q125923559|subdivsion of Gujarat]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126896673|Q126896673]] | ''[[:d:Q126896673|district of South Korea (non-autonomous)]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q149621|district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q41156|administrative territorial entity of South Korea]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q127229284|Q127229284]] | ''[[:d:Q127229284|Ammany of Brussels]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q127378230|Q127378230]] | ''[[:d:Q127378230|isolated dwelling in Latvia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q109779065|human settlement in Latvia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q128477938|Q128477938]] | ''[[:d:Q128477938|haengjeongmyeon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q483515|myeon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q128807925|Q128807925]] | ''[[:d:Q128807925|arban]]'' | [[village]]<br/>''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q98966309|classification of human settlements]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q130241638|Q130241638]] | ''[[:d:Q130241638|каймаканство]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q130376174|Q130376174]] | ''[[:d:Q130376174|ri (administrative)]]'' | [[village]]<br/>''[[:d:Q41156|administrative territorial entity of South Korea]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q130458414|Q130458414]] | ''[[:d:Q130458414|郷]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q130616842|Q130616842]] | ''[[:d:Q130616842|circoscrizione di Ravenna]]'' | ''[[:d:Q13582281|circoscrizione di decentramento comunale in Italy]]''<ref name="ref_dd65dee6a537ba0e05d1f1ed5316bd12d7968992a988c0fc93b55df5d013f4e0">https://www.comune.ra.it/il-comune/decentramento/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q132730984|Q132730984]] | ''[[:d:Q132730984|commune of Burundi]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3266850|commune]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q132732881|Q132732881]] | ''[[:d:Q132732881|administrative territorial entity of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3268571|administrative territorial entity of a single country]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q133800978|Q133800978]] | ''[[:d:Q133800978|praefectura]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15644911|administrative territorial entity of the Roman Empire]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q134552029|Q134552029]] | ''[[:d:Q134552029|Pana (Meitei culture)]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q135009855|Q135009855]] | ''[[:d:Q135009855|sub-tehsil]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q135111350|Q135111350]] | ''[[:d:Q135111350|district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q135112192|Q135112192]] | ''[[:d:Q135112192|parish annex]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q135299026|Q135299026]] | ''[[:d:Q135299026|territorial unit (uban) of a Tbilisi district]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<ref name="ref_71c6998a0c78646412338731cf5df74a1762d1601988206b4d7e04c6c89b3f5f">https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/2602734</ref> | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<ref name="ref_71c6998a0c78646412338731cf5df74a1762d1601988206b4d7e04c6c89b3f5f">https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/2602734</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q135415335|Q135415335]] | ''[[:d:Q135415335|Hêm]]'' | ''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q135437929|Q135437929]] | ''[[:d:Q135437929|hetmanate]]'' | [[stato]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q135447139|Q135447139]] | ''[[:d:Q135447139|Verbrecherstaat]]'' | [[stato]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q135451523|Q135451523]] | ''[[:d:Q135451523|mezraa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q135455595|Q135455595]] | ''[[:d:Q135455595|kasaba]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3957|burgo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q135512166|Q135512166]] | ''[[:d:Q135512166|gospodarlık]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q136098733|Q136098733]] | ''[[:d:Q136098733|paşa livası]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q136431832|Q136431832]] | ''[[:d:Q136431832|Ortschaft (Niedersachsen)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11183787|Ortschaft]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q136442176|Q136442176]] | ''[[:d:Q136442176|Zone police]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q136442212|Q136442212]] | ''[[:d:Q136442212|Zone gendarmerie]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q136534136|Q136534136]] | ''[[:d:Q136534136|поссовет в СССР]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1631226|settlement council]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q211201|soviet]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4204491|administrative territorial entity of the Soviet Union]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q136534923|Q136534923]] | ''[[:d:Q136534923|горсовет в СССР]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3154693|city council]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q211201|soviet]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4204491|administrative territorial entity of the Soviet Union]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q136935588|Q136935588]] | ''[[:d:Q136935588|Guinean neighborhood]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q137211599|Q137211599]] | ''[[:d:Q137211599|aksakal]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q137211677|Q137211677]] | ''[[:d:Q137211677|tuman (Bukhara Emirate)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q137211923|Q137211923]] | ''[[:d:Q137211923|qūrğancha]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q137260405|Q137260405]] | ''[[:d:Q137260405|SS-Abschnitt XXXIX]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q18332808|SS-Abschnitt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43229|organisation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q207320|paramilitary organization]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q153936|militia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q138388710|Q138388710]] | ''[[:d:Q138388710|consiglio di zona of Livorno]]'' | ''[[:d:Q13582281|circoscrizione di decentramento comunale in Italy]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q138823494|Q138823494]] | ''[[:d:Q138823494|federated region]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3455524|region administrative]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q138823699|Q138823699]] | ''[[:d:Q138823699|federated community]]'' | ''[[:d:Q138823755|administrative community]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q138823755|Q138823755]] | ''[[:d:Q138823755|administrative community]]'' | ''[[:d:Q177634|community]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q140039150|Q140039150]] | ''[[:d:Q140039150|presbytery]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121144515|type of religious institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q140835258|Q140835258]] | ''[[:d:Q140835258|arrondissement municipal du Gabon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q837766|local authority]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q140835651|Q140835651]] | ''[[:d:Q140835651|commune gabonaise]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3266850|commune]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q141164518|Q141164518]] | ''[[:d:Q141164518|fifth-level administrative division in Indonesia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15640612|fifth-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q141164534|Q141164534]] | ''[[:d:Q141164534|sixth-level administrative division in Indonesia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q22927291|sixth-level administrative division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q141164550|Q141164550]] | ''[[:d:Q141164550|seventh-level administrative division in Indonesia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1799794|administrative territorial entity of a specific level]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q141715243|Q141715243]] | ''[[:d:Q141715243|indigenous region]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q788176|autonomous administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q55998242|Q55998242]] | ''[[:d:Q55998242|administrative region of Quebec]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3455524|region administrative]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q56205755|Q56205755]] | ''[[:d:Q56205755|district of Rotuma]]'' | ''[[:d:Q149621|district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q56271507|Q56271507]] | ''[[:d:Q56271507|鎮]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q58446572|Q58446572]] | ''[[:d:Q58446572|electoral division of County Galway]]'' | ''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q58872171|Q58872171]] | ''[[:d:Q58872171|baronía]]'' | ''[[:d:Q9008644|Ancient Regime of Spain]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43229|organisation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q188063|fiefdom]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q223573|barony]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q61478101|administrative territorial entity of the Crown of Castile]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q60843390|Q60843390]] | ''[[:d:Q60843390|subdivision of Odisha]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q61089180|Q61089180]] | ''[[:d:Q61089180|municipal part of the Czech Republic]]'' | ''[[:d:Q115252541|part of a municipality in Czech Republic and Slovakia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3507889|administrative territorial entity of the Czech Republic]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q61763780|Q61763780]] | ''[[:d:Q61763780|administrative territorial entity of Aragon]]'' | [[Organisation territorial de Espania|entitate territorial administrative de Espania]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q63645004|Q63645004]] | ''[[:d:Q63645004|territorial autonomy]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1307214|forma de governamento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q65251207|Q65251207]] | ''[[:d:Q65251207|Territory of the Tribe of Benjamin]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q104442652|territory of a tribe]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q65281628|Q65281628]] | ''[[:d:Q65281628|行政区]]'' | ''[[:d:Q137773|ward of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q65522058|Q65522058]] | ''[[:d:Q65522058|府藩県]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1850442|administrative territorial entity of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q66661665|Q66661665]] | ''[[:d:Q66661665|governorate of Saudi Arabia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15623255|administrative territorial entity of Saudi Arabia]]''<ref name="ref_80b3aaf6e6432e022cda75644619f938b777b2cf758fa0e768d75257f71be855">''[[:d:Q105518758|Law of Provinces]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1798622|governorate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1764608|muhafazah]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q28872924|designation for an administrative territorial entity of a single country]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q66980180|Q66980180]] | ''[[:d:Q66980180|macrohood]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q66980952|Q66980952]] | ''[[:d:Q66980952|microhood]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15642541|human-geographic territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q69935452|Q69935452]] | ''[[:d:Q69935452|town of Taiwan under Japanese rule]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10915529|administrative division of Taiwan under Japanese rule]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q69936911|county of Taiwan under Japanese rule]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10910840|Ting]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q69935538|Q69935538]] | ''[[:d:Q69935538|village of Taiwan under Japanese rule]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10915529|administrative division of Taiwan under Japanese rule]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q69936911|county of Taiwan under Japanese rule]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10910840|Ting]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q85882297|Q85882297]] | ''[[:d:Q85882297|Exceptional Floor Area Ratio District]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q86725643|Q86725643]] | ''[[:d:Q86725643|fumoto]]'' | ''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q86726256|Q86726256]] | ''[[:d:Q86726256|province cartusienne]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2029182|province of a religious order]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q90511324|Q90511324]] | ''[[:d:Q90511324|Franciscan province (O.F.M.)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2029182|province of a religious order]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q92157630|Q92157630]] | ''[[:d:Q92157630|school sector]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q93389881|Q93389881]] | ''[[:d:Q93389881|región sanitaria de Cataluña]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q96196009|Q96196009]] | ''[[:d:Q96196009|former or current state]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1063239|polity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q97344267|Q97344267]] | ''[[:d:Q97344267|Поселение]]'' | ''[[:d:Q192287|administrative divisions of Russia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q102104752|Q102104752]] | ''[[:d:Q102104752|city of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]'' | ''[[:d:Q843752|political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15042037|statistical territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q102131920|Q102131920]] | ''[[:d:Q102131920|thikana]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1336152|princely state]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104442652|Q104442652]] | ''[[:d:Q104442652|territory of a tribe]]'' | [[region]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104530683|Q104530683]] | ''[[:d:Q104530683|Pusta]]'' | ''[[:d:Q175185|rural area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104711456|Q104711456]] | ''[[:d:Q104711456|Трудовая коммуна (РСФСР)]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q105063846|Q105063846]] | ''[[:d:Q105063846|part of the municipality part]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3507889|administrative territorial entity of the Czech Republic]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q105985227|Q105985227]] | ''[[:d:Q105985227|省]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106078286|Q106078286]] | ''[[:d:Q106078286|component city]]'' | ''[[:d:Q104157|city of the Philippines]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106079704|Q106079704]] | ''[[:d:Q106079704|independent component city]]'' | ''[[:d:Q104157|city of the Philippines]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106458883|Q106458883]] | ''[[:d:Q106458883|state]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q107390|stato federate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106458918|Q106458918]] | ''[[:d:Q106458918|parish]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106531650|Q106531650]] | ''[[:d:Q106531650|province]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<br/>[[provincia]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106532582|Q106532582]] | ''[[:d:Q106532582|territory]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106533981|Q106533981]] | ''[[:d:Q106533981|district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106534046|Q106534046]] | ''[[:d:Q106534046|dependency]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106592151|Q106592151]] | ''[[:d:Q106592151|national nature park]]'' | [[parco national]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106698210|Q106698210]] | ''[[:d:Q106698210|arrondissement of Cameroon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3360771|administrative territorial entity of Cameroon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106889447|Q106889447]] | ''[[:d:Q106889447|ardiaconate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q19832712|historical administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q107484850|Q107484850]] | ''[[:d:Q107484850|alcaldía mayor]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q19953632|former administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q107759421|Q107759421]] | ''[[:d:Q107759421|mountain hamlet]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q5084|hamlet]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q107918234|Q107918234]] | ''[[:d:Q107918234|městský obvod]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4286337|city district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q108000498|Q108000498]] | ''[[:d:Q108000498|part of municipality in Czechoslovakia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q20724760|administrative territorial entity of Czechoslovakia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q108379543|Q108379543]] | ''[[:d:Q108379543|Fauna and Flora Sanctuary]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1790016|protected area of Colombia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179049|nature reserve]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q108494671|Q108494671]] | ''[[:d:Q108494671|Greek catholic parish]]'' | ''[[:d:Q102496|parish]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q163740|nonprofit organization]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1530022|organisation religiose]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q109562558|Q109562558]] | ''[[:d:Q109562558|salesian province]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2029182|province of a religious order]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q109586943|Q109586943]] | ''[[:d:Q109586943|Capuchin province]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2029182|province of a religious order]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q109587150|Q109587150]] | ''[[:d:Q109587150|Conventual Franciscan province]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2029182|province of a religious order]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q109593182|Q109593182]] | ''[[:d:Q109593182|province of the Order of Preachers]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2029182|province of a religious order]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<ref name="ref_11f0eddf37fa068d6459534293196ef29db5f4ec33a8062b36139827c576f973">https://www.op.org/provincias/?lang=es#1559123084713-8a1110dd-2fca</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q109612062|Q109612062]] | ''[[:d:Q109612062|territorial demarcation of the Pious Schools]]'' | ''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1492823|ecclesiastical district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q109612325|Q109612325]] | ''[[:d:Q109612325|vice-province]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110158634|Q110158634]] | ''[[:d:Q110158634|Сєлѥниѥ градьска тѷпа]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2989457|urban-type settlement]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110256042|Q110256042]] | ''[[:d:Q110256042|police-administered area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15044339|administrative territorial entity of Egypt]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q114839325|police administrative territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110256333|Q110256333]] | ''[[:d:Q110256333|new city of Egypt]]'' | ''[[:d:Q12357832|division administrative del secunde nivello]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1074523|planned community]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15044339|administrative territorial entity of Egypt]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110390579|Q110390579]] | ''[[:d:Q110390579|city of United Kingdom]]'' | [[citate]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110946229|Q110946229]] | ''[[:d:Q110946229|dong]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q111081341|Q111081341]] | ''[[:d:Q111081341|waterfront district (Japan)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q111264878|Q111264878]] | ''[[:d:Q111264878|demarcación paisajística]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15642541|human-geographic territorial entity]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q111737478|Q111737478]] | ''[[:d:Q111737478|Catholic ecclesiastical district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1492823|ecclesiastical district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51041800|religious administrative entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q20926517|religious administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q23955632|Catholic organization]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4835091|territory]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q118905629|type of Roman Catholic institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q112245920|Q112245920]] | ''[[:d:Q112245920|полицейская часть]]'' | ''[[:d:Q17310396|administrative territorial entity of the Russian Empire]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q112945489|Q112945489]] | ''[[:d:Q112945489|circaria]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q113386230|Q113386230]] | ''[[:d:Q113386230|independent subprovince]]'' | ''[[:d:Q330425|sanjak]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1993723|administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q113388921|Q113388921]] | ''[[:d:Q113388921|privileged Ottoman province]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1993723|administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q113389351|Q113389351]] | ''[[:d:Q113389351|mutasarrifate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1993723|administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q113389576|Q113389576]] | ''[[:d:Q113389576|nahiye seat]]'' | ''[[:d:Q470540|seat]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q113390156|Q113390156]] | ''[[:d:Q113390156|kaza seat]]'' | ''[[:d:Q470540|seat]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q113390205|Q113390205]] | ''[[:d:Q113390205|sanjak seat]]'' | ''[[:d:Q470540|seat]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1306755|centro administrative]]''<ref name="ref_8f744e3de8e53df3722302465cf1f48e542fd72eabe15b2c2796f7dfba6618c6">''[[:d:Q61720929|Encyclopaedia of Islam, 3rd edition]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q113390253|Q113390253]] | ''[[:d:Q113390253|vilayet seat]]'' | ''[[:d:Q470540|seat]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q113660981|Q113660981]] | ''[[:d:Q113660981|Otok (administrative unit)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q946868|Tumen]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q115252541|Q115252541]] | ''[[:d:Q115252541|part of a municipality in Czech Republic and Slovakia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q123705|vicinitate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q115916908|Q115916908]] | ''[[:d:Q115916908|electoral area of British Columbia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q175185|rural area]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q17457753|census subdivision in Canada]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q115943990|Q115943990]] | ''[[:d:Q115943990|Colonias of Cuautitlan Izcalli]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q5148198|colonia of Mexico]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q116007761|Q116007761]] | ''[[:d:Q116007761|land district of British Columbia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3750285|administrative territorial entity of Canada]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q18346622|cadastral division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q116215373|Q116215373]] | ''[[:d:Q116215373|imperial city]]'' | ''[[:d:Q57318|free imperial city]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q116215378|Q116215378]] | ''[[:d:Q116215378|free city]]'' | ''[[:d:Q57318|free imperial city]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q13218276|free city]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q116691874|Q116691874]] | ''[[:d:Q116691874|area classification (Japan)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11643682|city planning area of Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q117209621|Q117209621]] | ''[[:d:Q117209621|commune of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3253485|administrative territorial entity of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12357920|third-level administrative division]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q117350247|Q117350247]] | ''[[:d:Q117350247|Commercial District in Japan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q30921518|use districts]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q5152545|commercial area]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1133961|commercial district]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q117351014|Q117351014]] | ''[[:d:Q117351014|災害危険区域]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q117351402|Q117351402]] | ''[[:d:Q117351402|歴史的風土特別保存地区]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q117351444|Q117351444]] | ''[[:d:Q117351444|第一種歴史的風土保存地区]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q118593746|Q118593746]] | ''[[:d:Q118593746|Luak Berundang]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q118594136|Q118594136]] | ''[[:d:Q118594136|luak]]'' | [[entitate territorial administrative]] | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q118601355|Q118601355]] | ''[[:d:Q118601355|Luak Beradat]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q119146498|Q119146498]] | ''[[:d:Q119146498|Colonias of State of Mexico]]'' | ''[[:d:Q5148198|colonia of Mexico]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q120410026|Q120410026]] | ''[[:d:Q120410026|Local Educational Management Unit]]'' | ''[[:d:Q149621|district]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2385804|educational institution]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q6663997|local education agency]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q122146132|Q122146132]] | ''[[:d:Q122146132|special green space conservation districts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11424233|district and zone]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q23790|natural monument]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179049|nature reserve]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q5162954|conservation designation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q122911647|Q122911647]] | ''[[:d:Q122911647|territorial episcopal vicariate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q16646034|episcopal vicariate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q12778511|vicariate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4835091|territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q111737478|Catholic ecclesiastical district]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q121144515|type of religious institution]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q118905629|type of Roman Catholic institution]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q122955538|Q122955538]] | ''[[:d:Q122955538|treding]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q122956696|Q122956696]] | ''[[:d:Q122956696|subdivision of Sikkim]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q105626471|subdistrict of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q122987727|Q122987727]] | ''[[:d:Q122987727|subdivision of Lakshadweep]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q105626471|subdistrict of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q122987729|Q122987729]] | ''[[:d:Q122987729|subdivision of Manipur]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7631016|subdivision of India]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q105626471|subdistrict of India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q123009250|Q123009250]] | ''[[:d:Q123009250|community development block of Tamil Nadu]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2775236|community development block in India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q123340192|Q123340192]] | ''[[:d:Q123340192|pobláu]]'' | ''[[:d:Q10354598|rural settlement]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3257686|localitate]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q123553915|Q123553915]] | ''[[:d:Q123553915|part of National Government Park]]'' | ''[[:d:Q6972919|National Government Park]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q124022543|Q124022543]] | ''[[:d:Q124022543|Kotar]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q15617994|administrative territorial entity type]]'' | |} {{Wikidata list end}} sx90ola0lxgftnp2yf4cn7rgo64gtb3 102 40007 704205 702766 2026-10-13T07:59:58Z ListeriaBot 24326 Wikidata list updated [V2] 704205 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} Vide etiam: [[Appendice:Lista de territorios dependente o disputate]] {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P298 ?iso3 } |columns=item,P298,P984,P41,P94,label,P242,P300,P36,P2046,P31,description |sort=P298 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 ! codigo de pais per IOC ! imagine del bandiera ! imagine del scuto ! label ! position geographic ! ISO 3166-2 ! capital ! area ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q21203|Q21203]] | ABW | ARU | [[File:Flag of Aruba.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Aruba wapen.svg|center|48px]] | [[Aruba]] | [[File:Aruba in its region.svg|center|48px]] | NL-AW | ''[[:d:Q131243|Oranjestad]]'' | 178.916378 km² | ''[[:d:Q15304003|pais del Regno del Paises Basse]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q107390|stato federate]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q889|Q889]] | AFG | AFG | [[File:Flag of the Taliban.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Arms of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Afghanistan]] | [[File:Afghanistan (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kabul]] | 652230 km²<ref name="ref_1dce4a8b917510d678fa50fb5300544652cf231b551806ae27c17c359782f237">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q1450765|Q1450765]] | AFI | | | | ''[[:d:Q1450765|French Territory of the Afars and the Issas]]'' | | | [[Djibuti (citate)|Djibuti]] | 23200 km² | ''[[:d:Q133156|colonia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1620908|historical region]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q916|Q916]] | AGO | ANG | [[File:Flag of Angola.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Angola.svg|center|48px]] | [[Angola]] | [[File:Angola (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Luanda]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 1246700 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q25228|Q25228]] | AIA | | [[File:Flag of Anguilla.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Anguilla.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q25228|Anguilla]]'' | [[File:Anguilla on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30994|The Valley]]'' | 91 km² | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]''<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q5689|Q5689]] | ALA | | [[File:Flag of Åland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Åland.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q5689|Åland]]'' | [[File:Ahvenanmaa sijainti Suomi.svg|center|48px]] | FI-01 | ''[[:d:Q48329|Mariehamn]]'' | 1582.93 km²<ref name="ref_1030d7f1d0e4082c9f02436085355d23f9cf62a32d4b87afc2ea8274a0862a71">https://www.maanmittauslaitos.fi/sites/maanmittauslaitos.fi/files/attachments/2021/01/Vuoden_2021_pinta-alatilasto_kunnat_maakunnat.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q193512|region of Finland]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q782614|autonomous region]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q222|Q222]] | ALB | ALB | [[File:Flag of Albania.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Albania.svg|center|48px]] | [[Albania]] | [[File:Albania (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tirana]] | 28748 km²<ref name="ref_1dce4a8b917510d678fa50fb5300544652cf231b551806ae27c17c359782f237">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q228|Q228]] | AND | AND | [[File:Flag of Andorra.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of Andorra.svg|center|48px]] | [[Andorra]] | [[File:Andorra on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Andorra la Vella]] | 468 km²<ref name="ref_1dce4a8b917510d678fa50fb5300544652cf231b551806ae27c17c359782f237">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html</ref><ref name="ref_d356c59461c87c3d826cb972c8d71bc2087bff160c84a815a39a320a22612605">https://sig.govern.ad/SIGDDE.Public/Files/Documents/Publicacions/Andorra%20en%20xifres.%20Any%202024.pdf</ref> | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q25227|Q25227]] | ANT<ref name="ref_bf25a9001b8462c071bbee32380ffaa44c643c8b3b5593348fbfcea6e912638a">https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-3_newsletter_i-6.pdf</ref> | AHO | [[File:Flag of the Netherlands Antilles (1986–2010).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Netherlands Antilles (1986-2010).svg|center|48px]] | [[Antillas Nederlandese]] | [[File:Kingdom of the Netherlands in its region (Caribbean special).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q132679|Willemstad]]'' | 800 km² | ''[[:d:Q15304003|pais del Regno del Paises Basse]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q878|Q878]] | ARE | UAE | [[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of the United Arab Emirates.svg|center|48px]] | [[Emiratos Arabe Unite]] | [[File:United Arab Emirates (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1519|Abu Dhabi]]'' | 83600 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q414|Q414]] | ARG | ARG | [[File:Flag of Argentina.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Argentina.svg|center|48px]] | [[Argentina]] | [[File:ARG orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Buenos Aires]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 2780400 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[nation]]<br/>''[[:d:Q10551526|confessional state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q140892892|country sometimes considered transcontinental]]'' | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q399|Q399]] | ARM | ARM | [[File:Flag of Armenia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Armenia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Armenia]] | [[File:Armenia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Yerevan]] | 29743.423459 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais eurasian del Caucaso Sud |- | [[:d:Q31890709|Q31890709]] | ASC | | [[File:Flag of Ascension Island.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of Ascension Island.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q31890709|Ascension]]'' | | SH-AC<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q695774|Georgetown]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<ref name="ref_28e067ba6d443e585cc6bae200ecabedea38d4555441bfa6e50598093c75548b">''[[:d:Q1194038|Geographic Names Server]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q16641|Q16641]] | ASM | ASA | [[File:Flag of American Samoa.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of American Samoa.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q16641|American Samoa]]'' | [[File:American Samoa on the globe (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | US-AS | ''[[:d:Q51678|Pago Pago]]'' | 199 km² | ''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1352230|territory of the United States]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q51|Q51]] | ATA | | | | [[Antarctica]] | [[File:Antarctica (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | | 13720000 km²<ref name="ref_a3dae1785f071eaf619b80b4e4878aeb35d9305e5edb62e39b883bcd2e73d1b8">https://www.worldometers.info/geography/7-continents/</ref> | [[continente]]<ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_683b2661c49be29f69007bda6012994faeb7dbcefb33fdba8ec0685c5503f9be">''[[:d:Q43400782|БСЭ1 / Антарктида]]''</ref><br/>[[region]]<br/>''[[:d:Q312461|terra nullius]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2418896|part of the world]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2221906|geographic location]]'' | continente |- | [[:d:Q10372207|Q10372207]] | ATA | | [[File:Flag of the Antarctic Treaty.svg|center|48px]] | No/unknown value | ''[[:d:Q10372207|Antarctic Treaty area]]'' | [[File:Mapa Polo Sur.png|center|48px]] | | No/unknown value | 14000000 km² | ''[[:d:Q734818|condominium]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15239622|disputed territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q312461|terra nullius]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q165783|Q165783]] | ATB | | [[File:Flag of the British Antarctic Territory.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the British Antarctic Territory.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q165783|British Antarctic Territory]]'' | [[File:BritishAntarcticTerritory.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1635867|Rothera Research Station]]'' | 1709400 km² | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q783953|territorial claims in Antarctica]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q129003|Q129003]] | ATF | | [[File:Flag of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Armoiries Terres australes et antarctiques françaises.svg|center|48px]] | [[Terras Austral Francese]] | [[File:French Southern and Antarctic Lands in France (zoomed).svg|center|48px]] | FR-TF<ref name="ref_b358201b6f12d036d1d725230e7d6741d07c711fce3b940b1cb25462f96118c0">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:FR</ref> | ''[[:d:Q839559|Port-aux-Français]]'' | 7829 km² | ''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q781|Q781]] | ATG | ANT | [[File:Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Antigua and Barbuda.svg|center|48px]] | [[Antigua e Barbuda]] | [[File:ATG orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q36262|St. John's]]'' | 440.29 km² | [[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3244203|monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q189999|Q189999]] | ATN | | [[File:Flag of Norway, state.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Norway.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q189999|Queen Maud Land]]'' | [[File:Antarctica, Norway territorial claim.svg|center|48px]] | | | 2500000 km² | ''[[:d:Q5260616|dependency of Norway]]''<ref name="ref_7db06d5476b3f5c24f5ebb17af080c176272f9c7a4682401c5d83cbd2bb2d168">https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1930-02-27-3</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q783953|territorial claims in Antarctica]]''<ref name="ref_7db06d5476b3f5c24f5ebb17af080c176272f9c7a4682401c5d83cbd2bb2d168">https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1930-02-27-3</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q15239622|disputed territory]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q408|Q408]] | AUS<ref name="ref_63f5ca7a183963ae457d8f89197c39e30c3e1963bcf902fb3e780d1dbf4e9c8a">''[[:d:Q25275|ISO 3166-1]]''</ref> | AUS | [[File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_81c89a07f6d8245f3f610a5338eb4d06b8867ad0833011281075a438da9ceee8">https://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/symbols/flag.cfm</ref> | [[File:Coat of arms of the Commonwealth of Australia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Australia]] | [[File:AUS orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3114|Canberra]]''<ref name="ref_2c266568d394409c43364c2f4d8b8ea09162a2269fee0e814197c113c625b70a">http://www.australia.gov.au/about-government/states-territories-and-local-government/capital-cities</ref> | 7692024 km²<ref name="ref_e5de0557d829b6203125373010912e5dbe4da19b4ef922649c7cca8b61d30a07">http://www.ga.gov.au/scientific-topics/national-location-information/dimensions/australias-size-compared</ref><ref name="ref_2400624184620dd514bed85b0ebd035541fc426839c786569d93496fbe599d16">http://www.ga.gov.au/scientific-topics/national-location-information/dimensions/area-of-australia-states-and-territories</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43702|federation]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q40|Q40]] | AUT | AUT | [[File:Flag of Austria.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Austria.svg|center|48px]] | [[Austria]] | [[File:EU-Austria.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Vienna]]<ref name="ref_8c9140023642283c5ce8f0054419301e4e661b4d544d74f911a04dbe4e1b2919">''[[:d:Q1005391|Federal Constitutional Law]]''</ref> | 83878.99 km²<ref name="ref_337104bf542d61ec28a5b64ad960c201fe14eae452e70f309dab87be0ecfd867">http://www.statistik.at/web_de/static/k37_054436.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_8c9140023642283c5ce8f0054419301e4e661b4d544d74f911a04dbe4e1b2919">''[[:d:Q1005391|Federal Constitutional Law]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q4209223|stato de derecto]]''<ref name="ref_8c9140023642283c5ce8f0054419301e4e661b4d544d74f911a04dbe4e1b2919">''[[:d:Q1005391|Federal Constitutional Law]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_e33536185a3a577767c4df8815505e3839cdb3ac340226ff3e9f0263fb53a77a">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/austria</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q227|Q227]] | AZE | AZE | [[File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Azerbaijan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Azerbaijan]] | [[File:Azerbaijan orthographic projection.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Baku]] | 86600 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q967|Q967]] | BDI | BDI | [[File:Flag of Burundi.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Burundi.svg|center|48px]] | [[Burundi]] | [[File:Burundi (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Gitega]] | 27834 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_6cac7bdde4be279b526ef08604ad918b112e3faa287696c1b915fbb81f2f4f0b">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/by.html</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q31|Q31]] | BEL | BEL | [[File:Flag of Belgium.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Great coat of arms of Belgium.svg|center|48px]] | [[Belgica]] | [[File:EU-Belgium.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Brussel]]<ref name="ref_effb07acb78b00e96857dd630ea9dbef3dfa2b85064c06fc36d489bac27ac036">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/be.html</ref><ref name="ref_cf8ffd9fa05b0d7e236b0e111cb1395c12ffa35206a807cfeae261a0752a11b4">http://www.traveldir.org/belgium/</ref> | 30688 km²<ref name="ref_b6045ba397001d57a685257fa78ba294520cf6abae5c822cb219ab67a689bfa0">''[[:d:Q12480|Statbel]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q962|Q962]] | BEN | BEN | [[File:Flag of Benin.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Benin.svg|center|48px]] | [[Benin]] | [[File:Benin (orthographic projection with inset).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Porto-Novo]] | 114763 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q27561|Q27561]] | BES<ref name="ref_b487e18951526d42430f1cf1c21ee328d29004b78388d2bd2e82fab9d7187199">https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_newsletter_vi-8_split_of_the_dutch_antilles_final-en.pdf</ref> | | | | ''[[:d:Q27561|Caribbean Netherlands]]'' | [[File:BES islands location map.svg|center|48px]] | | No/unknown value | 322 km² | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1402592|island group]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q965|Q965]] | BFA | BUR | [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Burkina Faso (1984-2025).svg|center|48px]] | [[Burkina Faso]] | [[File:BFA orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ouagadougou]] | 274200 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q902|Q902]] | BGD | BAN | [[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National emblem of Bangladesh.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bangladesh]] | [[File:Bangladesh (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Dacca]] | 147570 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q219|Q219]] | BGR | BUL | [[File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Bulgaria.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bulgaria]] | [[File:Bulgaria (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Sofia]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 110993.6 km²<ref name="ref_b935a0a66833771bd7ab112d9853ebe1a287cd8e9aac1b6386fa9e1016b57022">http://www.government.bg/cgi-bin/e-cms/vis/vis.pl?s=001&p=0159&g=</ref> | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q398|Q398]] | BHR | BRN | [[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of The Kingdom of Bahrain.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bahrain]] | [[File:Map of Bahrain.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Manama]] | 786.5 km²<ref name="ref_f1109f3b1be2275f826e9cf52b9203b986059b8d23dd4954bbc9089530b2748f">https://www.bahrain.bh/wps/wcm/connect/bnp_en/about%20the%20kingdom/about%20bahrain/related%20topics/facts%20and%20figures</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[archipelago]] | |- | [[:d:Q778|Q778]] | BHS | BAH | [[File:Flag of the Bahamas.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Bahamas.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bahamas]] | [[File:Bahamas in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2467|Nassau]]'' | 13878 km² | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q225|Q225]] | BIH | BIH | [[File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_91d8dae1fb677ac9bde8fc11b256aefd8ba4f1c12509013b20d34becf66815ad">https://www.ohr.int/decision-imposing-the-law-on-the-flag-of-bih-2/?print=print</ref> | [[File:Coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_fe44227e43c41dc1c415654f064dd2f0737e321840ea890a854a5f4b7aafbbb6">https://www.ohr.int/decision-on-the-shape-and-design-of-the-coat-of-arms-of-bih-2/</ref> | [[Bosnia e Herzegovina]] | [[File:Bosnia and Herzegovina (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Sarajevo]]<ref name="ref_89df3b94d52c8738ece185eb01339a0a2d91531ffc57b210a7e9f6875e0aee0b">https://www.ustavnisud.ba/public/down/USTAV_BOSNE_I_HERCEGOVINE_bos.pdf</ref> | 51209.2 km²<ref name="ref_f56cf0ad5b27857477d6c3573838e46f714d73fb0c96f73cfe60aba0bf2bda63">https://bhas.gov.ba/data/Publikacije/Bilteni/2025/NUM_00_2024_TB_1_EN.pdf</ref><br/>51187 km²<br/>10 km²<ref name="ref_1bc87d147b4cccc8e02d7f46a22731a967f5b8156bb308af2c36ba85e3487d86">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bosnia-and-herzegovina/summaries</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_b8423ba8340e8b33fb505561ed0125432eb23a2565c8790412ae86b19bd45f82">https://www.ustavnisud.ba/public/down/USTAV_BOSNE_I_HERCEGOVINE_engl.pdf</ref><ref name="ref_1265034880a3fb39e9f370775e304074872aa7a725d583ce48de56740d8b8e81">https://treaties.un.org/pages/HistoricalInfo.aspx</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q25362|Q25362]] | BLM | | [[File:Flag of Saint Barthélemy (local).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Blason St Barthélémy TOM entire.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q25362|Saint Barthélemy]]'' | [[File:Saint Barthelemy in France.svg|center|48px]] | FR-BL | ''[[:d:Q34112|Gustavia]]'' | 24 km²<ref name="ref_6fc27494e6c7926015d9eb27d4f5924ae1abcba3d5e6e02ad3d8258d77f9d34c">https://www.touteleurope.eu/fonctionnement-de-l-ue/la-superficie-des-pays-de-l-union-europeenne/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]''<ref name="ref_acb678d6cb9dd51a3fd3981405e68362fe227c398b2f88f9205d3f195172710d">''[[:d:Q47486150|loi organique n° 2007-223 du 21 février 2007 portant dispositions statutaires et institutionnelles relatives à l'outre-mer]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q184|Q184]] | BLR | BLR | [[File:Flag of Belarus.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Belarus (2020–present).svg|center|48px]] | [[Bielorussia]] | [[File:Belarus on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Minsk]]<ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref> | 207596.76 km²<ref name="ref_19a0807314a71637fb0d564051152981a05e56273c4261bd3fdcb5e073d74eae">http://www.gki.gov.by/docs/gzk_2010.doc</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q619610|social state]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q242|Q242]] | BLZ | BIZ | [[File:Flag of Belize.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Belize.svg|center|48px]] | [[Belize]] | [[File:BLZ orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3043|Belmopan]]'' | 22966 km² | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q23635|Q23635]] | BMU | BER | [[File:Flag of Bermuda.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Bermuda.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bermuda]] | [[File:United Kingdom on the globe (Bermuda special) (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30985|Hamilton]]'' | 53 km² | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]''<ref name="ref_062d6a907457c2cd5018246f8dbe44927859fc0e258af56b43a0695d3e0dfd2d">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bermuda/</ref><br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | |- | [[:d:Q750|Q750]] | BOL | BOL | [[File:Flag of Bolivia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Bolivia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bolivia]] | [[File:BOL orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Sucre]]<br/>[[La Paz]] | 1098581 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q155|Q155]] | BRA | BRA | [[File:Flag of Brazil.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Brazil.svg|center|48px]] | [[Brasil]] | [[File:BRA orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Brasilia]] | 8515767 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><ref name="ref_5c82beb1fb4dd02d663f37b907e0cca990987aef221d1fbf12883eefd4a2f8b1">https://www.un.org/en/about-us/member-states</ref><br/>[[stato secular]]<ref name="ref_02c70ce7e82c7b584465384c48cfa48df62e8157043980dd85c87ac7ede9f667">https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/constituicao/constituicao.htm?lang=pt</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q244|Q244]] | BRB | BAR | [[File:Flag of Barbados.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Barbados (2).svg|center|48px]] | [[Barbados]] | [[File:BRB orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q36168|Bridgetown]]'' | 439 km² | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q921|Q921]] | BRN<ref name="ref_85f197c05a3a50ab610b9354a76864571e64192440bbfe1f06301e0f182262ec">https://www.ISO.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:BN</ref> | BRU | [[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Brunei.svg|center|48px]] | [[Brunei]] | [[File:Brunei on the globe (Southeast Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q9279|Bandar Seri Begawan]]'' | 5765.313533 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[Sultanato]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_85f197c05a3a50ab610b9354a76864571e64192440bbfe1f06301e0f182262ec">https://www.ISO.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:BN</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q140892892|country sometimes considered transcontinental]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q917|Q917]] | BTN | BHU | [[File:Flag of Bhutan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Bhutan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bhutan]] | [[File:Bhutan (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Thimphu]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 38394 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q417175|regno]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1309121|hermit kingdom]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q23408|Q23408]] | BVT | | [[File:Flag of Norway.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Insula de Bouvet]] | [[File:PAT - Bouvet.gif|center|48px]] | | | 49 km² | [[insula]]<br/>''[[:d:Q5260616|dependency of Norway]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q963|Q963]] | BWA | BOT | [[File:Flag of Botswana.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Botswana.svg|center|48px]] | [[Botswana]] | [[File:Botswana (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Gaborone]] | 581737 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q2895|Q2895]] | BYS | | [[File:Flag of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1951–1991).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1981–1991).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2895|Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]'' | [[File:Byelorussian SSR in the Soviet Union.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Minsk]] | 207600 km² | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q929|Q929]] | CAF | CAF | [[File:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Central African Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica Centroafrican]] | [[File:CAF orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bangui]] | 622984 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[republica]] | |- | [[:d:Q16|Q16]] | CAN | CAN | [[File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Royal Coat of arms of Canada.svg|center|48px]] | [[Canada]] | [[File:CAN orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ottawa]]<ref name="ref_a9d7cc87fad739a186c62b47b38ed774fc3b97ecdaced733b52b08043d1b30e9">''[[:d:Q868884|Constitution Act, 1867]]''</ref> | 9984670 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q36004|Q36004]] | CCK | | [[File:Flag of the Cocos (Keeling) Island.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Clunies-Ross family arms.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q36004|Cocos (Keeling) Islands]]'' | [[File:Cocos (Keeling) Islands on the globe (Southeast Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q48675|West Island]]'' | 14 km² | ''[[:d:Q1402592|island group]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11687019|external territory of Australia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q39|Q39]] | CHE | SUI | [[File:Flag of Switzerland.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_ab7fc05533a6a1045f2ce8ad338b0792ed51296f1397b7e775499d19e43c8e57">https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20091656/index.html#app1ahref0</ref> | [[File:Coat of arms of Switzerland.svg|center|48px]] | [[Switza]] | [[File:Switzerland on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Berna]]<ref name="ref_0080a764532c5d04f2a034ba39e581993e729ab6db18d709944b4f8bbb323f6a">https://www.bk.admin.ch/bk/de/home/dokumentation/gesetzgebung/rechtsbereiche-der-bk/abgeschlossene-gesetzgebungsprojekte/bundesstadtstatus-stadt-bern.html</ref> | 41291 km²<ref name="ref_5e2ad7e643fbd628f1fdbcaf44a25a09db7c28f256dd1b609e662806fb674840">https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/fr/home/statistiques/espace-environnement.html</ref> | [[stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43702|federation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | republica federal in Europa occidental |- | [[:d:Q298|Q298]] | CHL | CHI | [[File:Flag of Chile.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Chile (c).svg|center|48px]] | [[Chile]] | [[File:CHL orthographic (+all claims).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Santiago de Chile]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 756102 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[nation]]<br/>''[[:d:Q5255892|republica democratic]]''<br/>[[pais transcontinental]] | |- | [[:d:Q148|Q148]] | CHN | CHN | [[File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:中華人民共和國國徽.svg|center|48px]] | [[China]] | [[File:CHN orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Beijing]] | 9596961 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1008|Q1008]] | CIV | CIV | [[File:Flag of Côte d'Ivoire.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Ivory Coast (2).svg|center|48px]] | [[Costa de Ebore]] | [[File:CIV orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Yamoussoukro]] | 322463 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<ref name="ref_ca070e9a5eb15c3dccfde88694c68f2863907488ea9e5eec31ad0622694ece24">https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/cote-d-ivoire/presentation-de-la-cote-d-ivoire/</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_0dad73dd85c33cae8349a2e2ca72f0917d0ffc3785f00eede7e40d57c79381da">https://www.presidence.ci/presentation-ci/</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q1009|Q1009]] | CMR | CMR | [[File:Flag of Cameroon.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Cameroon.svg|center|48px]] | [[Camerun]] | [[File:CMR orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Yaoundé]] | 475442 km² | [[pais]]<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q974|Q974]] | COD | COD | [[File:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (black spear).svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica Democratic del Congo]] | [[File:COD orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kinshasa]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 2344858 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_ed806c47cd810026be18b273086c4a0bce497d753577b6badca4efc5741bf580">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/dem-rep-congo</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q971|Q971]] | COG | CGO | [[File:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Republic of the Congo.svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica del Congo]] | [[File:LocationRepublicoftheCongo.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Brazzaville]] | 342000 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q26988|Q26988]] | COK | COK | [[File:Flag of the Cook Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Cook Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q26988|Cook Islands]]'' | [[File:Cook Islands on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q170482|Avarua]]'' | 240 km² | ''[[:d:Q1138279|associated state]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q739|Q739]] | COL | COL | [[File:Flag of Colombia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Colombia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Colombia]] | [[File:COL orthographic (San Andrés and Providencia special).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bogotá]]<ref name="ref_5e9c5041ff4318d908f65eec8765863728691254e0e8d2a8ef3c727c831f4362">https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Kolumbia;4169072.html</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 1141748 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[stato secular]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q140892892|country sometimes considered transcontinental]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q970|Q970]] | COM | COM | [[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the Comoros.svg|center|48px]] | [[Comores]] | [[File:Comoros (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Moroni]] | 2034 km² | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1011|Q1011]] | CPV | CPV | [[File:Flag of Cape Verde (10-17).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Cape Verde.svg|center|48px]] | [[Capo Verde]] | [[File:CPV orthographic NaturalEarth.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Praia]] | 4033 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q800|Q800]] | CRI | CRC | [[File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Costa Rica.svg|center|48px]] | [[Costa Rica]] | [[File:Costa Rica (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3070|San José]]''<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 51179.92 km²<ref name="ref_285fd8606b2550d805b3727c2d7de01b8b2d241b09c78d835b52e9c55cb22733">https://files.snitcr.go.cr/boletines/ACTUALIZACION_DE_LAS_AREAS_CONTINENTAL_E_INSULAR_DE_COSTA_RICA_02_07_2021.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_ddab406ed76bc355fe46531eaf50bcae55bbbe305380b0bc0306ebb912b36599">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/costa-rica</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q3405693|Q3405693]] | CRQ | | [[File:Flag of Sark.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Sark.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q3405693|Sark]]'' | [[File:Guernsey-Sark.png|center|48px]] | | | 5.5 km² | [[insula]]<br/>''[[:d:Q185086|Crown Dependencies]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q64953083|car-free place]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q33946|Q33946]] | CSK | TCH | [[File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Czechoslovakia (1960–1990).svg|center|48px]] | [[Checoslovachia]] | [[File:Czechoslovakia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Praga]] | 127900 km² | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2618621|Q2618621]] | CTE | | | | ''[[:d:Q2618621|Canton and Enderbury Islands]]'' | | | | | ''[[:d:Q734818|condominium]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q241|Q241]] | CUB | CUB | [[File:Flag of Cuba.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Cuba.svg|center|48px]] | [[Cuba]] | [[File:Cuba (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Havana]] | 109884 km² | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q849866|communist state]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q25279|Q25279]] | CUW | | [[File:Flag of Curaçao.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Curaçao.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q25279|Curaçao]]'' | [[File:Curacao in its region.svg|center|48px]] | NL-CW<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q132679|Willemstad]]'' | 444 km² | ''[[:d:Q15304003|pais del Regno del Paises Basse]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q31063|Q31063]] | CXR | | [[File:Flag of Christmas Island.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Insula de Natal]] | [[File:Christmas Island on globe (Southeast Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30980|Flying Fish Cove]]'' | 135 km² | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>[[insula]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11687019|external territory of Australia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5785|Q5785]] | CYM | CAY | [[File:Flag of the Cayman Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Cayman Islands Coat of Arms.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q5785|Cayman Islands]]'' | [[File:Cayman Islands in United Kingdom.svg|center|48px]] | KY | ''[[:d:Q172996|George Town]]'' | 264 km² | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1402592|island group]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q229|Q229]] | CYP | CYP | [[File:Flag of Cyprus.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Cyprus (2006).svg|center|48px]] | [[Cypro]] | [[File:EU-Cyprus highlighted.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Nicosia]] | 9242.45 km²<ref name="ref_d9beda03a013a6c352d53ac5fb5688fc429b1fc4804c0e241d33df84f1b3b758">http://www.mof.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/F2876E52BD240C56C2257EB4003C3ED4/$file/DEGREE_URBANISATION-2016.xls?OpenElement</ref><ref name="ref_d9beda03a013a6c352d53ac5fb5688fc429b1fc4804c0e241d33df84f1b3b758">http://www.mof.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/F2876E52BD240C56C2257EB4003C3ED4/$file/DEGREE_URBANISATION-2016.xls?OpenElement</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q213|Q213]] | CZE | CZE | [[File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Czech Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica Chec]] | [[File:EU-Czech Republic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Praga]]<ref name="ref_3e5b9bab813465412853331eda013f076fbcdd7ad1a4220fc096b9ec9c3819bf">''[[:d:Q2948382|Constitution of the Czech Republic]]''</ref> | 78871 km²<ref name="ref_9ee41a8991616554164e89056c906d4d44818b64305baad938165ac299409ac2">https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-vyhledavani&vyhltext=plochy&bkvt=cGxvY2h5&katalog=all&pvo=ZPR15</ref> | [[pais]]<ref name="ref_8645e6affd6454487e5530ed31ed7a90de88f9b018af1bac5423f56ba4bfad7f">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/czech-republic</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_3e5b9bab813465412853331eda013f076fbcdd7ad1a4220fc096b9ec9c3819bf">''[[:d:Q2948382|Constitution of the Czech Republic]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | pais de Europa |- | [[:d:Q16957|Q16957]] | DDR | GDR | [[File:Flag of the German Democratic Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:State arms of the German Democratic Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[Germania Oriental]] | [[File:East Germany 1956-1990.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q56037|East Berlin]]'' | 108179 km² | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q183|Q183]] | DEU | GER<ref name="ref_7051b4fa8b9e1fd011a3751668a1a7d17dace442ab69f795ae7cd785f21ca7e6">https://www.laenderdaten.de/kuerzel/olympia.aspx</ref><ref name="ref_14f12b58ecf7e955915f42a62d53c127443a3805dc49bc5b11cfcbf6a89c6802">''[[:d:Q28796597|Olympic.org athletes database]]''</ref><ref name="ref_79e4d44474c511272c7ee74bc50614da858523aec6ef10464aea6ef133b76b29">https://www.worlddata.info/countrycodes.php</ref> | [[File:Flag of Germany.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_1d422822f174182146a3ebf7ed95f411618ba7c64ac7d21c1e4fe9147edeb999">''[[:d:Q56045|Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany]]''</ref> | [[File:Coat of arms of Germany.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_7b1be4b5c5406071713a14f29b675da8b4bf2fcf605c1e15c08f26ab8844ae1f">''[[:d:Q836156|Bundesgesetzblatt]]''</ref> | [[Germania]] | [[File:Germany (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Berlin]]<ref name="ref_1d422822f174182146a3ebf7ed95f411618ba7c64ac7d21c1e4fe9147edeb999">''[[:d:Q56045|Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany]]''</ref><ref name="ref_22390ecfe75e90e8a84d49610b605c042f29948974bc2059607ac63abe076a08">https://www.bmi.bund.de/DE/themen/verfassung/staatliche-symbole/hauptstadt/hauptstadt-artikel.html</ref><ref name="ref_28b4a876afe5bc29aa93ea5e1d077508e10499391b0dca5ba9a493d360bd35a8">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/germany</ref><br/>[[Berlin]] | 357587.77 km²<ref name="ref_c30c744cc8d1683921d063fbb9edf67b0445ec100626745fbcbc647782c7bed5">https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/bitstream/handle/document/85921/ssoar-2023-seeger_et_al-Kritische_Flachenfragen_-_Flachenveranderungen_und.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y&lnkname=ssoar-2023-seeger_et_al-Kritische_Flachenfragen_-_Flachenveranderungen_und.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_0e8d288976e5fc82ece1969aac468ee1b37e61ce5becb93cfcc5ed975493294e">''[[:d:Q1206379|General Treaty]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0aaaa5a7a82b0a7c136905d5fdcea358424e8a04be48b9d47cb8e8cd8be10345">https://www.ndr.de/geschichte/chronologie/Deutschlandvertrag-Wie-die-Bundesrepublik-souveraen-wurde,deutschlandvertrag100.html</ref><ref name="ref_2ebe9814d2917c7003bf83a374e6ebc357663e1b2a5ad7faa6d40ad2e07afc3d">https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/579364/034b11190e6f59ada9686600ee020f37/wd-3-119-09-pdf-data.pdf</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q798431|Q798431]] | DHY | | [[File:Flag of Benin.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Dahomey (1958–1964).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q798431|Republic of Dahomey]]'' | [[File:Benin in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Porto-Novo]] | | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1138279|associated state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q977|Q977]] | DJI | DJI | [[File:Flag of Djibouti.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Djibouti.svg|center|48px]] | [[Djibuti]] | [[File:Djibouti (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Djibuti (citate)|Djibuti]] | 23200 km² | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | pais de Africa |- | [[:d:Q784|Q784]] | DMA | DMA | [[File:Flag of Dominica.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Dominica.svg|center|48px]] | [[Dominica (pais)|Dominica]] | [[File:Dominica on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q36281|Roseau]]'' | 751.096551 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q35|Q35]] | DNK | DEN | [[File:Flag of Denmark.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National coat of arms of Denmark.svg|center|48px]] | [[Danmark]] | [[File:Denmark (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Copenhagen]]<ref name="ref_2ab2d3efd2b6883b381ce9a652bd0a5322344d6df7b3edab85734fc96927cc79">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/denmark</ref> | 42925.46 km² | [[stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q20181813|colonial power]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q63791824|country bordering the Baltic Sea]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q66724388|autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q786|Q786]] | DOM | DOM | [[File:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Dominican Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica Dominican]] | [[File:Dominican Republic (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Santo Domingo]] | 48670.82 km²<ref name="ref_4abceb84df88466e423d116c50d9971c4498b76c685f15eaca23a783c8e7515f">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/dominican-republic/summaries/#geography</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q262|Q262]] | DZA | ALG | [[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National Emblem of Algeria (bronze effect).svg|center|48px]] | [[Algeria]] | [[File:Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Alger]] | 2381741 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<ref name="ref_0d68ad2342f20c5aedf1007877b78f219bf3c78c3bafc42a9ec6a9bf41b84f47">''[[:d:Q111513095|Algérie, la tierce rive en Méditerranée]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q736|Q736]] | ECU | ECU | [[File:Flag of Ecuador.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Ecuador.svg|center|48px]] | [[Ecuador]] | [[File:ECU orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Quito]] | 257204.27 km²<ref name="ref_41cd80a6a4bbc555bafe2260afacfcf284688b2bea0c2739219b918d0f0e36bc">https://www.censoecuador.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01_2022_CPV_Estructura_poblacional.xlsx</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q79|Q79]] | EGY | EGY | [[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Egypt (Official).svg|center|48px]] | [[Egypto]] | [[File:EGY orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Cairo]] | 1010407.87 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais transcontinental]]<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q986|Q986]] | ERI | ERI | [[File:Flag of Eritrea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Eritrea (or argent azur).svg|center|48px]] | [[Eritrea]] | [[File:Eritrea (Africa orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Asmara]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 117600 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q6250|Q6250]] | ESH | | | | [[Sahara Occidental]] | [[File:Location Western Sahara AU Africa.svg|center|48px]] | | | 266000 km²<ref name="ref_f226f10d202b7e4f0418bdff05b1a1f1b29872374382df6b8b7442b6cb1ec5b5">https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2016/Table03.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q15239622|disputed territory]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q29|Q29]] | ESP | ESP<br/>SPA<ref name="ref_441ce199c513a152aef7457e8d9baa34eaaafd6b369d45f9de3c14d47f6defc1">''[[:d:Q180672|list of IOC country codes]]''</ref> | [[File:Flag of Spain.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de España (variant).svg|center|48px]] | [[Espania]] | [[File:Spain on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Madrid]]<ref name="ref_77c96e96d96874077b44b4776f0dceeac4b616df12aecefa0d61c49397a313e8">''[[:d:Q847664|Constitution espaniol de 1978]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref> | 505990 km²<ref name="ref_71259f2df20025f4f6ebfbd2cea3654df36bc05b2af744c8bb54649653486875">http://www.ine.es/prodyser/pubweb/anuario08/anu08_01entor.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_c0734c4a4c9f9a09f2283bfb005697cd4dea47545ed0aea5eb3d79a7b3dc6766">https://books.google.es/books?id=dciHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA14&dq=espa%C3%B1a+estado+soberano&hl=es&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZvb7YgdqKAxW9TaQEHYi1L-AQ6AF6BAgGEAI#v=onepage&q=espa%C3%B1a%20estado%20soberano&f=false</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1250464|realm]]''<ref name="ref_c0734c4a4c9f9a09f2283bfb005697cd4dea47545ed0aea5eb3d79a7b3dc6766">https://books.google.es/books?id=dciHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA14&dq=espa%C3%B1a+estado+soberano&hl=es&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZvb7YgdqKAxW9TaQEHYi1L-AQ6AF6BAgGEAI#v=onepage&q=espa%C3%B1a%20estado%20soberano&f=false</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_816656db543d7f192ac0f5eedc1b0406efcaf2501630b58d76d99c4105e7ce6b">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/spain</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<ref name="ref_f6e643aeb8317c43addd1338add17398b2150b82005b8eb7fe9f4a62db4f1a20">https://www.miteco.gob.es/content/dam/miteco/es/biodiversidad/temas/espacios-protegidos/pbl_rn_region_mediterranea_tcm30-197189.pdf</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q179671|nation state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q191|Q191]] | EST | EST | [[File:Flag of Estonia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Estonia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Estonia]] | [[File:EU-Estonia.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tallinn]] | 45335 km²<ref name="ref_4653dfca016f1bd2f5883046c58081f4802a23cbdfacca99b1a6483a87daac2b">https://maaamet.ee/uudised/kingitus-eesti-sunnipaevaks-eesti-sai-95-saare-vorra-rikkamaks</ref> | [[pais]]<ref name="ref_89858635d1d4e1e5cf622dbd9ab76a49f5468813d004350e3380e228dd35b83d">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/estonia</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_54e342fdf5e3df1445603c89567af796e487dcfef339f4a0ae5ed1b3fe9ffe09">https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/ee/521052015001/consolide/current</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q63791824|country bordering the Baltic Sea]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q115|Q115]] | ETH | ETH | [[File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Ethiopia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Ethiopia]] | [[File:Ethiopia (Africa orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Addis Abeba]] | 1104300 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_edc2fab86e50cec4422ea17373796e8bf33c96df1568995feb78f6aff375f401">''[[:d:Q87326639|МСЭ2/Эфиопия]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q33|Q33]] | FIN | FIN | [[File:Flag of Finland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Finland.svg|center|48px]] | [[Finlandia]] | [[File:Finland on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Helsinki]]<ref name="ref_318da0135bfb25d1f42d651688f070b4056ca932b27cf562763c8b665a912c1c">''[[:d:Q14334357|Suomen historian pikkujättiläinen]]''</ref> | 338478.34 km²<ref name="ref_45fa35ad65f8e138eaadf805bf5345a74d1792fe016fc52eff727dd0c68b6042">''[[:d:Q117800624|Area of Finland's municipalities 2023-01-01]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_318da0135bfb25d1f42d651688f070b4056ca932b27cf562763c8b665a912c1c">''[[:d:Q14334357|Suomen historian pikkujättiläinen]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q63791824|country bordering the Baltic Sea]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q712|Q712]] | FJI | FIJ | [[File:Flag of Fiji.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Fiji.svg|center|48px]] | [[Fiji]] | [[File:Fiji (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Suva]]<ref name="ref_202d137c6425b2a43a20e310db64cbd63e6934c5462ed66403c3e1a2d82eeab6">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fj.html</ref> | 18274 km²<ref name="ref_202d137c6425b2a43a20e310db64cbd63e6934c5462ed66403c3e1a2d82eeab6">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fj.html</ref> | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q9648|Q9648]] | FLK | FLK | [[File:Flag of the Falkland Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of the Falkland Islands (relief).svg|center|48px]] | [[Insulas Falkland]] | [[File:Location map of the Falklands – Alternative version 4.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q12245|Stanley]]'' | 12200 km² | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]'' | archipelago in le Atlantico meridional, e un territorio britannic de ultramar, disputate per Argentina |- | [[:d:Q142|Q142]] | FRA | FRA | [[File:Flag of France.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_24586f4cbffe0665081df82c9c5e73f79348356487223b2dc34f514cfc958a02">https://www.europe1.fr/politique/info-e1-le-drapeau-francais-a-change-de-couleur-4076943</ref> | [[File:Arms of the French Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[Francia]] | [[File:EU-France (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Paris]] | 643801 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_a92d077c5f3818620affb2a5d7c48fa8255ac5b86d0bca5eb9961dbcf2aaf058">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/france</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q4628|Q4628]] | FRO | FRO | [[File:Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Faroe Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[Insulas Feroe]] | [[File:Europe-Faroe Islands.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tórshavn]] | 1399 km² | ''[[:d:Q66724388|autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]'' | pais constitutive del Regno de Danmark |- | [[:d:Q702|Q702]] | FSM | FSM | [[File:Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Statos Federate de Micronesia|Micronesia]] | [[File:Micronesia on the globe (Micronesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q42751|Palikir]]'' | 702 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q212429|Q212429]] | FXX | | | | ''[[:d:Q212429|metropolitan France]]'' | | | [[Paris]] | 543940 km² | ''[[:d:Q192498|administrative territorial entity of France]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1000|Q1000]] | GAB | GAB | [[File:Flag of Gabon.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Gabon.svg|center|48px]] | [[Gabon]] | [[File:Gabon (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Libreville]] | 267667 km² | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q145|Q145]] | GBR | GBR | [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_2e1423dcb8b790e2e90a3897a27b6871f1f66485f3fef42b8884658e2a229779">https://www.college-of-arms.gov.uk/resources/union-flag-approved-designs</ref> | [[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom (2022, variant 2).svg|center|48px]] | [[Regno Unite]] | [[File:Europe-UK.svg|center|48px]] | GB-UKM | [[London]] | 242495 km²<ref name="ref_0d356e1a2755f6d5be930f6bc59055a2c20ee6f0f75bdfd374f011057ad93137">https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q20181813|colonial power]]''<br/>[[stato insular]] | |- | [[:d:Q1050859|Q1050859]] | GEL | | [[File:Flag of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands (1937–1976).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands (1937-1979).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1050859|Gilbert and Ellice Islands]]'' | [[File:LocationGilbertandEllice.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q131233|South Tarawa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q133156|colonia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q230|Q230]] | GEO | GEO | [[File:Flag of Georgia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Greater coat of arms of Georgia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Georgia (pais)|Georgia]] | [[File:Europe-Georgia.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tbilisi]] | 69700 km² | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q4209223|stato de derecto]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q236036|republic of the Soviet Union]]''<ref name="ref_5c230e70bc98bbb5feb57eebe6a26f1f466f19895c08275dad9169e8102d4f75">https://iverieli.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/274221/1/Komunisti_1921_N1.pdf</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q140892892|country sometimes considered transcontinental]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q25230|Q25230]] | GGY | | [[File:Flag of Guernsey.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Guernsey.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q25230|Guernsey]]'' | [[File:Europe-Guernsey.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q174262|Saint Peter Port]]''<ref name="ref_d7f3fbf911ccc5e0cabba1efbe3a7d2fe53e36a359a9eb710109378e62030924">''[[:d:Q4041526|Internetowa encyklopedia PWN]]''</ref> | 78 km² | ''[[:d:Q185086|Crown Dependencies]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4996207|bailiwick]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q117|Q117]] | GHA | GHA | [[File:Flag of Ghana.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Ghana.svg|center|48px]] | [[Ghana]] | [[File:Ghana (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Accra]] | 238535 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1410|Q1410]] | GIB | | [[File:Flag of Gibraltar.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Gibraltar1.svg|center|48px]] | [[Gibraltar]] | [[File:Gibraltar location in Europe.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Gibraltar]] | 6.843 km² | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]''<ref name="ref_3d29c82e3baa841b09d9b9b3d90dfa52de4372e39fcb0938708203ec1cab03f2">https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/press/gibraltar-fact-sheets</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q2264924|port city]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q900119|United Nations list of non-self-governing territories]]''<ref name="ref_48b69b1d187d696733b5fe4c026ed451633a131e2317cfa1a73d9d01cc933ea8">http://www.un.org/en/decolonization/nonselfgovterritories.shtml</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q15239622|disputed territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q902814|border city]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<ref name="ref_3d29c82e3baa841b09d9b9b3d90dfa52de4372e39fcb0938708203ec1cab03f2">https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/press/gibraltar-fact-sheets</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1200957|tourist destination]]''<br/>[[citate]]<ref name="ref_90fc85d406f4fa37137ab499b9cce2bfdb857196e9342ab74d8f58415463d6c8">https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-62710553</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q1006|Q1006]] | GIN | GUI | [[File:Flag of Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guinea]] | [[File:Guinea (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Conakry]] | 245857 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q17012|Q17012]] | GLP | | [[File:Flag of France.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Guadeloupe.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guadalupe|Guadeloupe]] | [[File:Guadeloupe in France 2016.svg|center|48px]] | FR-971 | ''[[:d:Q167024|Basse-Terre]]'' | 1628 km² | [[Regiones de Francia|region de Francia]]<br/>''[[:d:Q202216|departimento de ultramar de Francia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1005|Q1005]] | GMB | GAM | [[File:Flag of The Gambia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of The Gambia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Gambia]] | [[File:Gambia (orthographic projection with inset).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Banjul]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 11300 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1007|Q1007]] | GNB | GBS | [[File:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Guinea-Bissau.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guinea-Bissau]] | [[File:Guinea-Bissau on the globe (Africa centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bissau]] | 36125 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q983|Q983]] | GNQ | GEQ | [[File:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Equatorial Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guinea Equatorial]] | [[File:GNQ orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1140136|Ciudad de la Paz]]''<ref name="ref_4670f62228431d43ad88bf0ad1dfba386f3c50cacf86ad612695c2d620a35424">https://realequatorialguinea.com/destacado/politica/plazo-de-un-ano-para-el-traslado-de-entes-publicos-a-la-nueva-capital-politica-de-guinea-ecuatorial/</ref><ref name="ref_b2231c6e6b12db62e5fd5a94e0bca5fb0d0dafc6ac483b371b6791c858bab698">https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2026/01/04/en-guinee-equatoriale-ciudad-de-la-paz-devient-officiellement-la-nouvelle-capitale_6660479_3212.html</ref> | 28051 km² | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q41|Q41]] | GRC | GRE | [[File:Flag of Greece.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Greece.svg|center|48px]] | [[Grecia]] | [[File:Greece on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Athenas]]<ref name="ref_7f80c57339dd698c07901fec3c81610dd872f97c45364d2194c244d9e12c1466">http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/member-countries/greece/index_en.htm</ref><ref name="ref_bbccf96b5d48698decad5413c8b90dacd924a8ba54e80d8c7e2a8f52fe06c774">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gr.html</ref> | 131957 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_c2d67b9e3a07d872ee28f66d2f0e22aa78db5c8eb2e9b18c4acd26b41f3eea1f">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/greece</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q769|Q769]] | GRD | GRN | [[File:Flag of Grenada.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Grenada.svg|center|48px]] | [[Grenada]] | [[File:Grenada in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q41547|St. George's]]'' | 348.5 km² | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q223|Q223]] | GRL | | [[File:Flag of Greenland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Greenland.svg|center|48px]] | [[Groenlandia]] | [[File:Greenland (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | DK-GL | [[Nuuk]] | 2166086 km² | ''[[:d:Q66724388|autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q788176|autonomous administrative territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q140892892|country sometimes considered transcontinental]]'' | Pais autonome intra le Regno de Danmark |- | [[:d:Q774|Q774]] | GTM | GUA | [[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Guatemala.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guatemala]] | [[File:Guatemala on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Citate de Guatemala]] | 108889 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q171751|banana republic]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3769|Q3769]] | GUF | | [[File:Flag of France.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of French Guiana, according to the original displayed at the Museum Franconie, at Cayenne.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q3769|French Guiana]]'' | [[File:French Guiana (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | FR-973 | ''[[:d:Q44401|Cayenne]]''<ref name="ref_4058423f56ad42a5dad3cf811c43b58f4b2eac00baa2606d64175bb0c28dc229">https://www.ctguyane.fr/lassemblee/</ref> | 83534 km² | ''[[:d:Q202216|departimento de ultramar de Francia]]''<br/>[[Regiones de Francia|region de Francia]] | |- | [[:d:Q16635|Q16635]] | GUM | GUM | [[File:Flag of Guam.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of Guam.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guam]] | [[File:Guam on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | US-GU | ''[[:d:Q30988|Hagåtña]]'' | 544 km² | ''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_e2f611e48ca35a2ee76d828427ab1313b3e8e3f9874fc92a31963fc7fd56005b">https://www.doi.gov/oia/budget/authorities-public-law</ref><br/>[[insula]]<br/>''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_d0f09ed15666b50e8d9a68ba9dbc619bb6d784d90a7618c64f8a2f648668f919">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/gq.html</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1352230|territory of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3337001|nationality for sports]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q734|Q734]] | GUY | GUY | [[File:Flag of Guyana.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Guyana.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guyana]] | [[File:GUY orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Georgetown (Guyana)|Georgetown]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 214970 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q8646|Q8646]] | HKG | HKG | [[File:Flag of Hong Kong.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Regional Emblem of Hong Kong.svg|center|48px]] | [[Hong Kong]] | [[File:Hong Kong in China (zoomed) (+all claims hatched).svg|center|48px]] | CN-HK | | 1105.69 km²<ref name="ref_23f31d605c239779ad76199ec0d06a084629017fe5bc72344b1c5ae5ba458222">http://www.landsd.gov.hk/mapping/en/publications/hk_geographic_data_sheet.pdf</ref><br/>1649.34 km²<ref name="ref_23f31d605c239779ad76199ec0d06a084629017fe5bc72344b1c5ae5ba458222">http://www.landsd.gov.hk/mapping/en/publications/hk_geographic_data_sheet.pdf</ref><br/>2755.03 km²<ref name="ref_23f31d605c239779ad76199ec0d06a084629017fe5bc72344b1c5ae5ba458222">http://www.landsd.gov.hk/mapping/en/publications/hk_geographic_data_sheet.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q779415|region administrative special]]''<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[citate]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1549591|citate grande]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q200250|metropole]]''<br/>[[Citate global]]<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>[[Citate-stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q125470455|customs territory of China]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3337001|nationality for sports]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q131198|Q131198]] | HMD | | [[File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Insula de Heard e Insulas de McDonald]] | [[File:Heard Island and McDonald Islands on the globe (Antarctica centered).svg|center|48px]] | | No/unknown value | 368 km² | ''[[:d:Q11687019|external territory of Australia]]''<br/>[[archipelago]]<br/>''[[:d:Q38048753|natural cultural heritage site]]''<ref name="ref_61c66ae5b30ad6078e22b9f22c9b9b78d9794dff664cca19b7133532d8da93fd">http://data.gov.au/dataset/2016-soe-her-aus-national-heritage</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q783|Q783]] | HND | HON | [[File:Flag of Honduras (1949–2022, 2026–present).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Honduras.svg|center|48px]] | [[Honduras]] | [[File:Honduras (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tegucigalpa]] | 112492 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q224|Q224]] | HRV | CRO | [[File:Flag of Croatia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Croatia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Croatia]] | [[File:EU-Croatia (orthographic projection).png|center|48px]] | | [[Zagreb]] | 56594 km²<ref name="ref_bd55e0d1c81d14774f58559de438e4defda1e12d62864cdaa1d947db0f41b791">http://www.dzs.hr/Hrv_Eng/ljetopis/2011/SLJH2011.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q790|Q790]] | HTI | HAI | [[File:Flag of Haiti.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Haiti.svg|center|48px]] | [[Haiti]] | [[File:Haiti (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q34261|Port-au-Prince]]'' | 27750 km²<ref name="ref_a91f5a5fe89915b02835d39667e7f996de05f72841798895019b9b8e3c417445">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/haiti/summaries/#geography</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q28|Q28]] | HUN | HUN | [[File:Flag of Hungary.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Hungary.svg|center|48px]] | [[Hungaria]] | [[File:EU-Hungary.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Budapest]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 93011.4 km²<ref name="ref_0e8a04ccdbb38c486094c3321971af7815300f2cf7c847a315389a4c541782fc">http://www.ksh.hu/apps/shop.kiadvany?p_kiadvany_id=81322</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_4483f66877946ec33f67c3904523e9d019870bd6fd337507938223bc808df79f">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/hu.html</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q797422|Q797422]] | HVO | VOL | [[File:Flag of Upper Volta.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Upper Volta.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q797422|Republic of Upper Volta]]'' | [[File:LocationBurkinaFaso.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ouagadougou]] | | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q252|Q252]] | IDN | INA | [[File:Flag of Indonesia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National emblem of Indonesia Garuda Pancasila.svg|center|48px]] | [[Indonesia]] | [[File:Indonesia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Jakarta]] | 1904570 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1520223|republica constitutional]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q9676|Q9676]] | IMN | | [[File:Flag of the Isle of Man.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Isle of Man.svg|center|48px]] | [[Insula de Man]] | [[File:Europe-Isle of Man.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q18569|Douglas]]''<ref name="ref_ac35a63fc8a562a4bbb9c89da46194321cf422408939313f1721fe7a3d50f4f7">https://www.gov.im/about-the-government/departments/cabinet-office/media-centre/isle-of-man-an-overview/</ref> | 572 km² | ''[[:d:Q185086|Crown Dependencies]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q668|Q668]] | IND | IND | [[File:Flag of India.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of India.svg|center|48px]] | [[India]] | [[File:India (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Nove Delhi]] | 3287263 km² | [[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q43448|Q43448]] | IOT | | [[File:Flag of the Commissioner of the British Indian Ocean Territory.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the British Indian Ocean Territory.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q43448|British Indian Ocean Territory]]'' | [[File:British Indian Ocean Territory on the globe (Afro-Eurasia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | No/unknown value<br/>''[[:d:Q184851|Diego Garcia]]'' | 60 km² | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27|Q27]] | IRL | IRL | [[File:Flag of Ireland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Ireland.svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica de Irlanda]] | [[File:EU-Ireland.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Dublin]] | 69797 km²<ref name="ref_1aca3d43d4cf0ba69f864fd92459be3c7e5347af31cbe9d7c89d86c03c615ca5">https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/key-facts-and-figures/life-eu_en</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q794|Q794]] | IRN | IRI | [[File:Flag of Iran.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Iran.svg|center|48px]] | [[Iran]] | [[File:Iran (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Teheran|Tehran]] | 1648195 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_706c979762a1bfe0bb4d75a7fa59245b9273be5b15e78cd69c3f108939e0d350">''[[:d:Q3462918|Mo'in Encyclopedic Dictionary]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q796|Q796]] | IRQ | IRQ | [[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Iraq.svg|center|48px]] | [[Irak]] | [[File:Iraq (orthographic-projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bagdad]] | 437072 km²<ref name="ref_027eec560c36675d7dfcf0ec6ab1730925cc74a759fe419ef4a03c5e837afe70">https://www.iraqiembassy.us/page/geography</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q189|Q189]] | ISL | ISL | [[File:Flag of Iceland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Iceland.svg|center|48px]] | [[Islanda]] | [[File:Iceland (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Reykjavík|Reykjavik]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 103004 km² | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q140892892|country sometimes considered transcontinental]]''<ref name="ref_98d1b23b41cd51e23b3bfe865c80c37dbf722f949048af4d2eb8b52b7047cc9a">https://whc.unesco.org/en/activities/504/</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q801|Q801]] | ISR | ISR | [[File:Flag of Israel.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Israel.svg|center|48px]] | [[Israel]] | [[File:Israel (orthographic projection) with disputed territories.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Jerusalem]]<ref name="ref_fe66d79305fe05e6daf671f160ea52ec9cc53ddcccc361d96fbbed21b69e9cfd">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/is.html</ref><ref name="ref_bed08e9baec502181b115c0518a39e715e7ea32434d2b2f8c7240f1f4d9329d1">''[[:d:Q1634035|Jerusalem Law]]''</ref> | 20770 km² | ''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[region]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10711424|stato non recognoscite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q38|Q38]] | ITA | ITA | [[File:Flag of Italy.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Italy.svg|center|48px]] | [[Italia]] | [[File:Italy on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Roma]]<ref name="ref_bc3d19d9b31811e635d1687f26f2bde9f4c377e9839a06c8c97a2e653aa9a4f3">http://www.governo.it/costituzione-italiana/parte-seconda-ordinamento-della-repubblica/titolo-v-le-regionile-province-e-i</ref> | 302068 km²<ref name="ref_8f75b8c83fc8103d6bd5bf19dd786289cda0d0b87d5a016400665bd155f6e6a5">https://www.tuttitalia.it/italia/</ref> | [[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref> | Italia es un pais del sud de Europa, membro del Union Europee |- | [[:d:Q766|Q766]] | JAM | JAM | [[File:Flag of Jamaica.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Jamaica.svg|center|48px]] | [[Jamaica]] | [[File:Jamaica (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kingston]] | 10991.90954 km² | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q918240|territorial evolution of the British Empire]]''<ref name="ref_7fd3330f2d80033c175da2dfd52ded267e02db5ca01cb0080f78f14d38bee1ac">''[[:d:Q87326082|МСЭ2/Ямайка]]''</ref><br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q785|Q785]] | JEY<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ca652d7e17bcaf3c9763053fbd648993f635d0474f5bfa63eea979be1687f653">''[[:d:Q1520117|Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names]]''</ref> | | [[File:Flag of Jersey.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of Jersey.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q785|Jersey]]'' | [[File:Europe-Jersey.svg|center|48px]] | GB-JSY | ''[[:d:Q147738|Saint Helier]]'' | 118.2 km² | ''[[:d:Q185086|Crown Dependencies]]''<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q810|Q810]] | JOR | JOR | [[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Jordan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Jordania]] | [[File:Jordan on the globe (Afro-Eurasia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Amman]] | 89341 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[Monarchia constitutional]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q17|Q17]] | JPN | JPN | [[File:Flag of Japan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Kamon of the Imperial House of Japan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Japon]] | [[File:Japan on the globe (de-facto) (Japan centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tokyo]] | 377973.68 km²<ref name="ref_9f7698a5e1d71a57016439cfb2d5f8619663ce0a6a04cb705dcbd42f4b79aaff">http://www.gsi.go.jp/KOKUJYOHO/MENCHO/backnumber/GSI-menseki20260701.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[stato insular]]<ref name="ref_abc3a7b6a82b0e7dce0ee5331c624e8c53edf38da63fef7cf24d52e956bcedd7">''[[:d:Q66481470|МСЭ2 / Япония]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_abc3a7b6a82b0e7dce0ee5331c624e8c53edf38da63fef7cf24d52e956bcedd7">''[[:d:Q66481470|МСЭ2 / Япония]]''</ref> | pais de Asia |- | [[:d:Q131008|Q131008]] | JTN | | [[File:Flag of the United States.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q131008|Johnston Atoll]]'' | [[File:LocationJohnstonAtoll.png|center|48px]] | UM-67 | | 2.67 km² | ''[[:d:Q473972|protected area]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<br/>[[Atollo]]<br/>''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q139595919|reef island]]''<ref name="ref_ecbd17383f1f46dc7954797b33cfc4f55f90a08051dd0f28e2baa19799e70c36">''[[:d:Q57859044|Classifying Pacific islands]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q232|Q232]] | KAZ | KAZ | [[File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Kazakhstan latin.svg|center|48px]] | [[Qazaqstan|Kazakhstan]] | [[File:Kazakhstan (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Astana]] | 2724900 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q140892892|country sometimes considered transcontinental]]''<br/>[[pais]] | stato euroasiatic |- | [[:d:Q114|Q114]] | KEN | KEN | [[File:Flag of Kenya.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Kenya (Official).svg|center|48px]] | [[Kenya]] | [[File:Kenya (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Nairobi]] | 581309 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q813|Q813]] | KGZ | KGZ | [[File:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Kyrgyzstan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Kirghizistan]] | [[File:Kyrgyzstan on the globe (Eurasia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bishkek]] | 199951 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]] | stato soveran in Asia central |- | [[:d:Q424|Q424]] | KHM | CAM | [[File:Flag of Cambodia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Royal arms of Cambodia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Cambodja|Cambodgia]] | [[File:Cambodia on the globe (Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Phnom Penh]] | 181035 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1250464|realm]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q710|Q710]] | KIR | KIR | [[File:Flag of Kiribati.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Kiribati.svg|center|48px]] | [[Kiribati]] | [[File:Kiribati on the globe (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q131233|South Tarawa]]'' | 811 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q763|Q763]] | KNA | SKN | [[File:Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sancte Kitts e Nevis]] | [[File:KNA orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q41295|Basseterre]]'' | 269.358763 km² | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais insular caribe |- | [[:d:Q884|Q884]] | KOR | KOR | [[File:Flag of South Korea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of South Korea.svg|center|48px]] | [[Corea del Sud]] | [[File:South Korea (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Seoul]] | 100295 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1520223|republica constitutional]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_b56d7a5874cc979de67507be4b9d0ec0309a3055065d3b2c94872cb63e655bc8">https://www.britannica.com/place/South-Korea</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q817|Q817]] | KWT | KUW | [[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of the State of Kuwait.svg|center|48px]] | [[Kuwait]] | [[File:KWT orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q35178|Kuwait City]]'' | 17818 km² | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q819|Q819]] | LAO | LAO | [[File:Flag of Laos.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Laos (1991-2025).svg|center|48px]] | [[Laos]] | [[File:Laos on the globe (Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q9326|Vientiane]]'' | 236800 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q849866|communist state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q465613|republica popular]]''<br/>[[pais]] | stato soveran in Asia del sud-est |- | [[:d:Q822|Q822]] | LBN | LBN | [[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Lebanon.svg|center|48px]] | [[Libano]] | [[File:Lebanon (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Beirut]] | 10452 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1014|Q1014]] | LBR | LBR | [[File:Flag of Liberia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Liberia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Liberia]] | [[File:Liberia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Monrovia]] | 111369 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1016|Q1016]] | LBY | LBA | [[File:Flag of Libya.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the Government of National Unity (Libya).svg|center|48px]] | [[Libya]] | [[File:Libya (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tripoli]] | 1759541 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q760|Q760]] | LCA | LCA | [[File:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Saint Lucia.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q760|Saint Lucia]]'' | [[File:Saint Lucia on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q41699|Castries]]'' | 617.012867 km² | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q347|Q347]] | LIE | LIE | [[File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Staatswappen-Liechtensteins.svg|center|48px]] | [[Liechtenstein]] | [[File:Liechtenstein on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Vaduz]] | 160 km²<ref name="ref_dc0531c9baebf3ff52b09c3ffe8a977fc1fb9512131cb80fc2011b77431c4b64">https://www.liechtenstein.li/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q854|Q854]] | LKA | SRI | [[File:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Sri Lanka.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sri Lanka]] | [[File:Sri Lanka (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q41963|Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte]]''<br/>[[Colombo]] | 65610 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1013|Q1013]] | LSO | LES | [[File:Flag of Lesotho.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Lesotho.svg|center|48px]] | [[Lesotho]] | [[File:Lesotho (orthographic projection with inset).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Maseru]] | 30355 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q171441|enclave]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q417175|regno]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q37|Q37]] | LTU | LTU | [[File:Flag of Lithuania.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Lithuania.svg|center|48px]] | [[Lituania]] | [[File:Lithuania on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Vilnius]]<ref name="ref_8733203edf880b0fdce16649f429617b8e0121a1c001d8d42e043cd1c7c14f6e">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/lh.html</ref> | 65300 km²<ref name="ref_c92956357b061d1115c1d301b7b0e504d7c6d4547d6a61d3e759d4d2924cd32c">https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17536867</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q63791824|country bordering the Baltic Sea]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q32|Q32]] | LUX | LUX | [[File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Greater coat of arms of the grand-duchy of Luxembourg.svg|center|48px]] | [[Luxemburg]] | [[File:EU-Luxembourg.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Luxemburg (citate)|Luxemburg]]<ref name="ref_31ff9a393dcba335ef95ebe7ec7b7cfaf816029e0c224a93b1ff9dea7ef2ae2b">https://luxembourg.public.lu/dam-assets/publications/tout-savoir-sur-le-grand-duche-de-luxembourg/tout-savoir-sur-le-grand-duche-de-luxembourg-en.pdf</ref> | 2593.05 km²<ref name="ref_6052f11f70412f14b73f6ac107232bd631ec4d2207b1adbb4384ff5759b73e2e">https://data.public.lu/fr/datasets/r/3931f0cf-ebf9-4050-b71c-e1b61b1bfa2c</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q165116|grand duchy]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q211|Q211]] | LVA | LAT | [[File:Flag of Latvia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Latvia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Lettonia]] | [[File:Latvia on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Riga]] | 64593.77 km²<ref name="ref_f15e7acdd449cf8bf828be04e7822998114a796fa4237c50bafc336afeb1a48b">https://data.stat.gov.lv/pxweb/lv/OSP_PUB/START__ENV__DR__DRT/DRT011/</ref><br/>61760.39 km²<ref name="ref_f15e7acdd449cf8bf828be04e7822998114a796fa4237c50bafc336afeb1a48b">https://data.stat.gov.lv/pxweb/lv/OSP_PUB/START__ENV__DR__DRT/DRT011/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q63791824|country bordering the Baltic Sea]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | republica in le nord de Europa |- | [[:d:Q14773|Q14773]] | MAC | MAC | [[File:Flag of Macau.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Regional Emblem of Macau.svg|center|48px]] | [[Macao]] | [[File:Macau locator map.svg|center|48px]] | CN-MO | | 115.3 km² | ''[[:d:Q779415|region administrative special]]''<br/>[[Citate-stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1549591|citate grande]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1200957|tourist destination]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q125470455|customs territory of China]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126125|Q126125]] | MAF | | [[File:Flag of France.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:St Martin Coat.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q126125|Saint-Martin]]'' | [[File:Saint Martin in its region (zoom).svg|center|48px]] | FR-MF | ''[[:d:Q200605|Marigot]]'' | 53.2 km² | ''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1028|Q1028]] | MAR | MAR | [[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Morocco.svg|center|48px]] | [[Marocco]] | [[File:Morocco WS-excluded (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Rabat]] | 446550 km²<ref name="ref_037244fce3bd4d7c276a4ba8396763fa4c76da984a2768bdcf981b8032ed4a83">https://databank.worldbank.org/views/reports/reportwidget.aspx?Report_Name=CountryProfile&Id=b450fd57&tbar=y&dd=y&inf=n&zm=n&country=MAR</ref> | [[Monarchia constitutional]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q235|Q235]] | MCO | MON | [[File:Flag of Monaco.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Monaco.svg|center|48px]] | [[Monaco (principato)|Monaco]] | [[File:Monaco on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Monaco (principato)|Monaco]] | 2.08 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[Principato]]<br/>[[Citate-stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q902814|border city]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q217|Q217]] | MDA | MDA | [[File:Flag of Moldova.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Moldova.svg|center|48px]] | [[Moldavia]] | [[File:Location Moldova Europe.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Chișinău]] | 33843.5 km²<ref name="ref_320523ebb83cf98848ef4bc8a90a8d71e83172da42f7fd7a46d9be6dab1189f1">https://moldova.md/en/content/geography</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais de Europa |- | [[:d:Q1019|Q1019]] | MDG | MAD | [[File:Flag of Madagascar.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of Madagascar.svg|center|48px]] | [[Madagascar]] | [[File:MDG orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Antananarivo]] | 587295 km²<ref name="ref_6f98b31dc213340ed7ea368ae286648c54dc0e5d0a6293f8f0fc74f87d768c99">https://www.instat.mg/accueil/madagascar-en-chiffre/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q826|Q826]] | MDV | MDV | [[File:Flag of Maldives.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Maldives.svg|center|48px]] | [[Maldivas]] | [[File:Maldives (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Malé]] | 298 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | pais archipelagic de Asia |- | [[:d:Q96|Q96]] | MEX<ref name="ref_48d0ce6be950795de8ca7fff8e44dbc620d6e5a7b241a75d037258726867406a">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:MX</ref> | MEX | [[File:Flag of Mexico.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Mexico.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref> | [[Mexico]] | [[File:MEX orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Citate de Mexico]]<ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 1972550 km²<br/>1964375 km²<ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q709|Q709]] | MHL | MHL | [[File:Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the Marshall Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q709|Marshall Islands]]'' | [[File:Marshall Islands on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q12919|Majuro]]'' | 181.43 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q47863|Q47863]] | MID | | | | ''[[:d:Q47863|Midway Atoll]]'' | [[File:Midway Atoll in United States.svg|center|48px]] | UM-71 | | 2.4 mi² | ''[[:d:Q1550680|unorganized territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q221|Q221]] | MKD | MKD | [[File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of North Macedonia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Macedonia del Nord|Republica del Macedonia del Nord]] | [[File:North Macedonia on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Skopje]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 25713 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q912|Q912]] | MLI | MLI | [[File:Flag of Mali.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Mali.svg|center|48px]] | [[Mali]] | [[File:Mali (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bamako]] | 1240192 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q233|Q233]] | MLT | MLT | [[File:Flag of Malta.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Malta.svg|center|48px]] | [[Malta]] | [[File:EU-Malta.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Valletta]] | 316 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_b7d4225b765f9a3f3a6ee09618f7d4756f4eeed6e4278db7bd84c056a17e386e">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/malta</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q836|Q836]] | MMR | MYA | [[File:Flag of Myanmar.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:State Seal of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.svg|center|48px]] | [[Birmania]] | [[File:Myanmar on the globe (Myanmar centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q37400|Naypyidaw]]'' | 676577.2 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[republica]] | |- | [[:d:Q236|Q236]] | MNE | MNE | [[File:Flag of Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | [[Montenegro]] | [[File:LocationMontenegro.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Podgorica]]<ref name="ref_658e89be6b3befa7046c7406ff2da56adc938521f3ffca5509407b379c856cbc">https://codices.coe.int/codices/documents/constitution/5375375a-83ed-4e8a-8e0a-1bba2aa41f27</ref> | 13883 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q711|Q711]] | MNG | MGL | [[File:Flag of Mongolia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:State emblem of Mongolia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Mongolia]] | [[File:Mongolia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ulan Bator]]<ref name="ref_7d1c754bbb9c79f4e261ec07b06c3412be495db3ef2a3f0b65778cafa7f09ce7">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mongolia/</ref> | 1564116 km²<ref name="ref_7d1c754bbb9c79f4e261ec07b06c3412be495db3ef2a3f0b65778cafa7f09ce7">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mongolia/</ref><ref name="ref_de0990d91ded6a2587b53be8f3625ce4ff409b396e08794112a494368df2f7f7">https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-documents/52240/52240-001-iee-en.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q16644|Q16644]] | MNP<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ab6934192ea8c6c60b949cb7f56be9c127a7421c2660ed39599b39c49ad0119c">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui#iso:code:3166:MP</ref> | | [[File:Flag of the Northern Mariana Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the Northern Mariana Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q16644|Northern Mariana Islands]]'' | [[File:Northern Mariana Islands in Oceania (small islands magnified).svg|center|48px]] | US-MP<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q49755159|Saipan]]'' | 464 km²<ref name="ref_ff32cb157f332cb4cddd38b09ecd8e975656883a79871be675e2e30b504babe5">''[[:d:Q746368|Great Norwegian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_e2f611e48ca35a2ee76d828427ab1313b3e8e3f9874fc92a31963fc7fd56005b">https://www.doi.gov/oia/budget/authorities-public-law</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_e2f611e48ca35a2ee76d828427ab1313b3e8e3f9874fc92a31963fc7fd56005b">https://www.doi.gov/oia/budget/authorities-public-law</ref><ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1352230|territory of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ff32cb157f332cb4cddd38b09ecd8e975656883a79871be675e2e30b504babe5">''[[:d:Q746368|Great Norwegian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q609591|commonwealth]]''<ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q1029|Q1029]] | MOZ | MOZ | [[File:Flag of Mozambique.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Mozambique.svg|center|48px]] | [[Mozambique]] | [[File:Mozambique (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Maputo]] | 801590 km² | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1025|Q1025]] | MRT | MTN | [[File:Flag of Mauritania.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National Seal of Mauritania.svg|center|48px]] | [[Mauritania]] | [[File:LocationMauritania.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Nouakchott]] | 1030700 km² | [[Republica islamic]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q13353|Q13353]] | MSR | | [[File:Flag of Montserrat.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Montserrat.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q13353|Montserrat]]'' | [[File:Montserrat in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30990|Plymouth]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q31006|Brades]]'' | 102 km² | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]''<br/>[[insula]] | |- | [[:d:Q17054|Q17054]] | MTQ | | [[File:Flag-of-Martinique.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Martinica]] | [[File:Martinique-CIA WFB Map.png|center|48px]] | FR-972 | ''[[:d:Q81621|Fort-de-France]]'' | 1128 km² | [[Regiones de Francia|region de Francia]]<br/>''[[:d:Q202216|departimento de ultramar de Francia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1027|Q1027]] | MUS | MRI | [[File:Flag of Mauritius.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Mauritius.svg|center|48px]] | [[Mauritio]] | [[File:Mauritius (orthographic projection with inset).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Port Louis]] | 2040 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_cd7c9c5c115de492113d029f3708fa8b03faa30e67fd271d607256934089be12">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/mauritius</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q1020|Q1020]] | MWI | MAW | [[File:Flag of Malawi.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Malawi.svg|center|48px]] | [[Malawi]] | [[File:LocationMalawi.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Lilongwe]]<ref name="ref_e9d47c1ac01ff1fcbece0251f7a08c769ebd792ca695bd3a26bf7610666ff868">http://www.statoids.com/umw.html</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 118484 km²<ref name="ref_023fd9e86284bb6bb15e473196c9098e8a841169db7a8bd108cfe86db9ec643f">https://dbpedia.org/page/Malawi</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref> | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q833|Q833]] | MYS<ref name="ref_91ced5a92c53470c76e4c318a3e14e7348c772d5741a91228cccdd5a43e6e26a">''[[:d:Q292649|AGROVOC]]''</ref> | MAS | [[File:Flag of Malaysia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Malaysia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Malaysia]] | [[File:Malaysia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kuala Lumpur]] | 330803 km²<ref name="ref_0d356e1a2755f6d5be930f6bc59055a2c20ee6f0f75bdfd374f011057ad93137">https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q140892892|country sometimes considered transcontinental]]''<ref name="ref_87e6c82e5f9b0556ae953ae2489ab52303f0d0299fb57a9cf6edfcb59ff06036">https://web.archive.org/web/20230703175319/https://books.google.com/books?id=hmIDAAAAQAAJ&dq=%22Norfolk+Island+,+New+Zealand+,+and+some+smaller%22&pg=PA458</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q17063|Q17063]] | MYT | | [[File:Flag of Mayotte (Local).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of Mayotte.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q17063|Mayotte]]'' | [[File:Mayotte (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | FR-976 | ''[[:d:Q132676|Mamoudzou]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q846048|Dzaoudzi]]'' | 374 km² | ''[[:d:Q202216|departimento de ultramar de Francia]]''<br/>[[Regiones de Francia|region de Francia]] | |- | [[:d:Q1030|Q1030]] | NAM | NAM | [[File:Flag of Namibia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Namibia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Namibia]] | [[File:LocationNamibia.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Windhoek]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 825615 km² | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q33788|Q33788]] | NCL | | [[File:Flag of FLNKS.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of New Caledonia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Nove Caledonia]] | [[File:New Caledonia in France (zoomed).svg|center|48px]] | FR-NC | ''[[:d:Q9733|Nouméa]]'' | 18576 km² | ''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1032|Q1032]] | NER | NIG | [[File:Flag of Niger.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Niger.svg|center|48px]] | [[Niger]] | [[File:LocationNiger.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Niamey]] | 1267000 km²<ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref> | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q31057|Q31057]] | NFK | | [[File:Flag of Norfolk Island.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Norfolk Island.svg|center|48px]] | [[Norfuk Ailen]] | [[File:Australia in its region (Norfolk Island special).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30963|Kingston]]'' | 34.6 km² | ''[[:d:Q11687019|external territory of Australia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q14192199|territory of Australia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1033|Q1033]] | NGA | NGR | [[File:Flag of Nigeria.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|center|48px]] | [[Nigeria]] | [[File:LocationNigeria.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Abuja]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 923768 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q512187|republica federal]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_b8c50fa2d8e3156c148a83db2383a7989df01611ed6cdf3e2f2974120c846783">https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/nigeria</ref><ref name="ref_7c16b139c1c51716df89b9fa1b129d4c530567a8ed5b275075fd91aaa2b1a2f9">https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/nigeria.htm</ref><ref name="ref_85f1e39a5788c1aa07c69ec708f789307f51c414537a388e555de05af05c6fc5">https://photos.state.gov/libraries/nigeria/487468/pdfs/Nigeria%20overview%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf</ref><ref name="ref_76c1c3d9335871d3018c93daa405050159f0c30ae60630766a04d7d5a9c48396">https://www.forbes.com/places/nigeria/?sh=171606ed4b80</ref><ref name="ref_20e6f4914c5b7943b46d51c4f77d5302928b5e184ea5d6fa9bb5b6d4bc73b833">https://www.lonelyplanet.com/nigeria</ref><ref name="ref_ac96336048c4cbe3228acfb72a8083a12fdf9afbfeb00ef881255ae3f37b5dd7">https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/nigeria/</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q752431|Q752431]] | NHB | | [[File:Flag of New Hebrides (1969).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of New Hebrides.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q752431|New Hebrides]]'' | [[File:LocationVanuatu.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q37806|Port Vila]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q734818|condominium]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q811|Q811]] | NIC | NCA | [[File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Nicaragua.svg|center|48px]] | [[Nicaragua]] | [[File:Nicaragua (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q131546626|Managua]]''<ref name="ref_cdb3523bd99b5a89f1295c831e1439516020c144166629c444614983905bc131">https://www.asamblea.gob.ni/assets/constitucion.pdf</ref> | 120340 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q34020|Q34020]] | NIU | | [[File:Flag of Niue.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Niue.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q34020|Niue]]'' | [[File:Niue on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30966|Alofi]]'' | 260 km² | ''[[:d:Q1138279|associated state]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q29999|Q29999]] | NLD | | [[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Royal coat of arms of the Netherlands.svg|center|48px]] | [[Regno del Paises Basse]] | [[File:Kingdom of the Netherlands in its region (special marker).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Amsterdam]] | 42201 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q417175|regno]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q20181813|colonial power]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1250464|realm]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q20|Q20]] | NOR | NOR | [[File:Flag of Norway.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Norway.svg|center|48px]] | [[Norvegia|Norvega]] | [[File:Europe-Norway.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Oslo]]<ref name="ref_238811c00bbde06ebcef712fe55f6c4e005d6573d58ef9fc61e20136bd11c169">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/no.html</ref> | 385207 km²<ref name="ref_f075e29ba400602608c9d0f2742b56de53a853804ebebcbdaa889a2bc9ca10eb">https://www.kartverket.no/kunnskap/Fakta-om-Norge/Arealstatistikk/Arealstatistikk-Norge/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_238811c00bbde06ebcef712fe55f6c4e005d6573d58ef9fc61e20136bd11c169">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/no.html</ref> | pais in Europa |- | [[:d:Q837|Q837]] | NPL | NEP | [[File:Flag of Nepal.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Nepal.svg|center|48px]] | [[Nepal]] | [[File:Nepal (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kathmandu]] | 147181.254346 km² | ''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[region]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q842112|staato socialista]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q697|Q697]] | NRU | NRU | [[File:Flag of Nauru.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Nauru (2020).svg|center|48px]] | [[Nauru]] | [[File:Nauru on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q31026|Yaren District]]'' | 21 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q664|Q664]] | NZL | NZL | [[File:Flag of New Zealand.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of New Zealand.svg|center|48px]] | [[Nove Zelanda]] | [[File:NZL orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q23661|Wellington]]'' | 268021 km² | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_c6871316bdeb1556c2cb74d8cc18cbb2d6fdef879d68bebda378e8b70461e1f2">https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/research-papers/document/00PLLawRP07041/new-zealand-sovereignty-1857-1907-1947-or-1987</ref><br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[stato insular]] | |- | [[:d:Q842|Q842]] | OMN | OMA | [[File:Flag of Oman.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National emblem of Oman.svg|center|48px]] | [[Oman]] | [[File:Oman (better) (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3826|Muscat]]'' | 309500 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[Sultanato]] | |- | [[:d:Q843|Q843]] | PAK | PAK | [[File:Flag of Pakistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:State emblem of Pakistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Pakistan]] | [[File:Pakistan on the globe (de-facto and claimed hatched) (Afro-Eurasia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Islamabad]] | 881913 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q804|Q804]] | PAN | PAN | [[File:Flag of Panama.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Panama.svg|center|48px]] | [[Panama]] | [[File:PAN orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3306|Panama City]]''<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 74177.3 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q129237|Q129237]] | PCI | | [[File:Flag of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands seal.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q129237|Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands]]'' | [[File:TTPI-locatormap.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q51679|Saipan]]'' | 1779 km² | ''[[:d:Q985073|United Nations trust territory]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q35672|Q35672]] | PCN | | [[File:Flag of the Pitcairn Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Pitcairn Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[Insulas Pitcairn]] | [[File:Pitcairn Islands on the globe (French Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q48273|Adamstown]]'' | 47 km² | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]''<br/>[[archipelago]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q419|Q419]] | PER | PER | [[File:Flag of Peru.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo nacional del Perú.svg|center|48px]] | [[Peru]] | [[File:Peru (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Lima]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 1285216 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q928|Q928]] | PHL | PHI | [[File:Flag of the Philippines.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Philippines.svg|center|48px]] | [[Philippinas]] | [[File:Philippines on the globe (Philippines centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Manila]]<ref name="ref_01aac3c759e861d6e11985d3182736b2bd46d01347aaabb615453532a383935e">https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1976/05/29/presidential-decree-no-940-s-1976/</ref> | 343448 km²<ref name="ref_da04ee1e5298ffc3f89a617aab5529b595ed35254e4b9b068dd84e3e3bd705d7">https://www.gov.ph/about-the-philippines</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_81ccc0a78ceeb0d2999af5af7bc2806ac346781fcd398871eaf267afc8de71d0">http://www.gov.ph/constitutions/1987-constitution/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[stato insular]] | |- | [[:d:Q695|Q695]] | PLW | PLW | [[File:Flag of Palau.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of Palau.svg|center|48px]] | [[Palau]] | [[File:Palau on the globe (Southeast Asia centered) (small islands magnified).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q515229|Ngerulmud]]'' | 465.550362 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q691|Q691]] | PNG | PNG | [[File:Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National emblem of Papua New Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[Papua Nove Guinea]] | [[File:Papua New Guinea (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Port Moresby]] | 462840 km² | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[Monarchia constitutional]] | |- | [[:d:Q36|Q36]] | POL | POL | [[File:Flag of Poland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Herb Polski.svg|center|48px]] | [[Polonia]] | [[File:Poland on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Varsovia]] | 312683 km²<ref name="ref_befea119af7b88a867f718383855db6d3f58746b050d5fd52e4d98760829a83e">''[[:d:Q9311474|Statistical Yearbook of Poland]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1183|Q1183]] | PRI | PUR | [[File:Flag of Puerto Rico.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.svg|center|48px]] | [[Porto Rico]] | [[File:LocationPuertoRico.svg|center|48px]] | US-PR | ''[[:d:Q41211|San Juan]]'' | 9104 km² | ''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_dfc403209caf0578c8559357b9205638ab0e828262f336253dc24a8fdeb22bd0">https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6444&context=faculty_scholarship</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q7252696|Provincial deputation in Spanish America]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3502482|region cultural]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1352230|territory of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q609591|commonwealth]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q423|Q423]] | PRK | PRK | [[File:Flag of North Korea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of North Korea.svg|center|48px]] | [[Corea del Nord]] | [[File:LocationNorthKorea.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Pyongyang]] | 120540 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q465613|republica popular]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1309121|hermit kingdom]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3303230|pariah state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q45|Q45]] | PRT | POR | [[File:Flag of Portugal (official).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal.svg|center|48px]] | [[Portugal]] | [[File:Portugal on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Lisbona]]<ref name="ref_2274eec7680da6de2af360ad52dc0dcb205135a73c09adf2640233a86ab74895">https://lisbonne.net/lisbonne-pas-capitale-du-portugal</ref> | 92225 km²<ref name="ref_75175874fc4cffd6c95463ffa3b26c832005e827e7b1a3e1d02a14147ea413cd">https://www.pordata.pt/Municipios/Superf%C3%ADcie-57</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_7dd3b4f770cc92367bf28c3810ee5f21e0cc00e546274fe622cc301b1595ad35">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/portugal</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q733|Q733]] | PRY | PAR | [[File:Flag of Paraguay.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Paraguay.svg|center|48px]] | [[Paraguay]] | [[File:PRY orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Asunción]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 406756 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q219060|Q219060]] | PSE<ref name="ref_3f75e303bf4853c467c06725a05dba6eeb7112ce137fb140bdc7a80e567b6d9a">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search</ref> | PLE | [[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Palestine.svg|center|48px]] | [[Stato de Palestina]] | [[File:State of Palestine (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q212938|East Jerusalem]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q158119|Ramallah]]''<ref name="ref_e373230b332bc8177b0098f33774f1a4492a79d7d62597005d44a4128be938d0">https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna40431737</ref> | 6020 km²<ref name="ref_266d0550f01fca36f989386d46dce4355da2265e8abd09025eb4f991b43ef0f0">https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/occupied-palestinian-territory-humanitarian-atlas-2019</ref> | [[pais]]<br/>[[region]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_61cb9542cfec0192ac28895ad39604419ece3afcc2d24629fa49d44e66ca8713">https://www.reuters.com/article/us-palestinians-statehood-idUSBRE8AR0EG20121129</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q10711424|stato non recognoscite]]''<ref name="ref_1aa0d02a4d329d277dd84e6b641dfc97d3cea6ca9ee7087854a9c8096d827e5d">https://www.visualcapitalist.com/recognition-of-israel-and-palestine-map/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]'' | stato partialmente recognoscite in Asia |- | [[:d:Q407199|Q407199]] | PSE | | [[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q407199|Occupied Palestinian territory]]'' | [[File:Palestinian territories (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | | 8220 km² | ''[[:d:Q2577883|occupied territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30971|Q30971]] | PYF | | [[File:Flag of French Polynesia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of French Polynesia.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q30971|French Polynesia]]'' | [[File:French Polynesia on the globe (French Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | FR-PF | ''[[:d:Q130800|Papeete]]'' | 4167 km² | ''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q846|Q846]] | QAT | QAT | [[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Qatar-2022.svg|center|48px]] | [[Qatar]] | [[File:QAT orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Doha]] | 11437 km² | ''[[:d:Q189898|emirato]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q17070|Q17070]] | REU | | [[File:Flag of France.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Armoiries Réunion.svg|center|48px]] | [[Reunion]] | [[File:Département 974 in France.svg|center|48px]] | FR-974 | ''[[:d:Q47045|Saint-Denis]]'' | 2512 km² | [[Regiones de Francia|region de Francia]]<br/>''[[:d:Q202216|departimento de ultramar de Francia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>[[insula]] | |- | [[:d:Q218|Q218]] | ROU | ROU | [[File:Flag of Romania.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Romania.svg|center|48px]] | [[Romania]] | [[File:Romania on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bucarest]] | 238397 km²<ref name="ref_540e176c09c27df8a6aaad20084302c1382c7ec4e715c970e1db69993d860bbc">http://www.ziare.com/stiri/eveniment/romania-si-a-marit-suprafata-la-238-397-kilometri-patrati-1470103</ref><ref name="ref_7470a15f5c308b39110d7bcaa354d77ec90926aff1f81c8c3758c255095f32e4">http://www.gandul.info/stiri/acesta-este-noul-teritoriu-al-romaniei-16481528</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q179671|nation state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q159|Q159]] | RUS | RUS | [[File:Flag of Russia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation.svg|center|48px]] | [[Russia]] | [[File:LocationRussia.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Moscova]] | 17075400 km²<ref name="ref_37732cd1eab02c3a98ee9629d52854ad13f32935f90a43c8dbbe19b35ecdca91">https://www.britannica.com/facts/Russia</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_51cfe82ebe6b6b1410c83f0e5d300685a554345e61cbb37d2ecf3e5be2d6b1ad">''[[:d:Q11836865|Declaration of the Council of Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR No. 142-N of 26 December 1991]]''</ref><ref name="ref_f61b0d5d011a8872156b5d698bf39e3bbdc7397313a70de6d7d097c7048b5b4c">''[[:d:Q652062|Constitution of Russia]]''</ref><br/>[[stato secular]]<ref name="ref_f61b0d5d011a8872156b5d698bf39e3bbdc7397313a70de6d7d097c7048b5b4c">''[[:d:Q652062|Constitution of Russia]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[pais transcontinental]]<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1037|Q1037]] | RWA | RWA | [[File:Flag of Rwanda.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Rwanda.svg|center|48px]] | [[Ruanda]] | [[File:LocationRwanda.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kigali]] | 26338 km²<ref name="ref_4490b87ae43e626fbfebfb40d49f2ef4e5297fad132ef9987ac30b16e91eeaaf">https://www.gov.rw/about</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[republica]] | |- | [[:d:Q851|Q851]] | SAU | KSA | [[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Saudi Arabia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Arabia Saudita]] | [[File:Saudi Arabia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3692|Riyadh]]'' | 2250000 km²<ref name="ref_1df0e6a4bf2bcc4f5e58f2cb0a2d79b91b81a809eaf31edb3dab9fad198c6fa0">http://embassies.mofa.gov.sa/sites/China/AR/Guango/AboutKingdom/Pages/default.aspx</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q417175|regno]]''<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q37024|Q37024]] | SCG<ref name="ref_a998332fc626f8b32ec1bc2e0ca26894f577cc645a6f823d717ad80c0c92bc11">https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-3_newsletter_i-4.pdf</ref> | SCG | [[File:Flag of Serbia and Montenegro (1992–2006).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Serbia and Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q37024|Serbia and Montenegro]]'' | [[File:Serbia and Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Belgrad]]<ref name="ref_c6a3b452b72da2c9479e14253e301b88f2b18801653f0d5b28202a5163640194">''[[:d:Q200386|sr.wikipedia.org]]''</ref> | 102350 km² | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1049|Q1049]] | SDN | SUD | [[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Sudan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sudan]] | [[File:Sudan (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Khartum]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 1886068 km²<br/>1840687 km²<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1088391|rump state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1041|Q1041]] | SEN | SEN | [[File:Flag of Senegal.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Senegal (official version).svg|center|48px]] | [[Senegal]] | [[File:LocationSenegal.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Dakar]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 196722 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q4209223|stato de derecto]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q334|Q334]] | SGP | SGP | [[File:Flag of Singapore.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Singapore.svg|center|48px]] | [[Singapur]] | [[File:Singapore on the globe (Southeast Asia centered) zoom.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Singapur]] | 719.1 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[Citate-stato]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>[[stato insular]]<ref name="ref_6736ab989f2d8e2cd451d0d2b4069c27c6ecdc3b67423cd2d1d5f73148e6cd3f">''[[:d:Q36578|Gemeinsame Normdatei]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q2264924|port city]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1549591|citate grande]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q902814|border city]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[Citate global]]<br/>''[[:d:Q108178728|national capital]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q35086|Q35086]] | SGS | | [[File:Flag of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q35086|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]]'' | [[File:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands in United Kingdom.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q393878|King Edward Point]]'' | 4066 km²<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15239622|disputed territory]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q192184|Q192184]] | SHN | | [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q192184|Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]]'' | [[File:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30970|Jamestown]]'' | 394 km² | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q842829|Q842829]] | SJM | | No/unknown value<br/>[[File:Flag of Norway.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q842829|Svalbard and Jan Mayen]]'' | [[File:Svalbard and Jan Mayen in the world (W3).svg|center|48px]] | | | 61399 km² | ''[[:d:Q15042037|statistical territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q685|Q685]] | SLB | SOL | [[File:Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Solomon Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[Insulas Salomon]] | [[File:Solomon Islands on the globe (Oceania centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q40921|Honiara]]'' | 28400 km² | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1044|Q1044]] | SLE | SLE | [[File:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Sierra Leone.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sierra Leone]] | [[File:Sierra Leone (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Freetown]] | 71740 km² | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q792|Q792]] | SLV | ESA | [[File:Flag of El Salvador.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of El Salvador.svg|center|48px]] | [[El Salvador]] | [[File:Orthographic Map of El Salvador.svg|center|48px]] | | [[San Salvador]] | 21041 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q238|Q238]] | SMR | SMR | [[File:Flag of San Marino.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of San Marino.svg|center|48px]] | [[San Marino]] | [[File:Location San Marino Europe.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1848|San Marino]]'' | 61.2 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q171441|enclave]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q244381|microstate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1045|Q1045]] | SOM | SOM | [[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Somalia]] | [[File:Somalia (orthographic projection)2.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Mogadiscio|Mogadishu]]<ref name="ref_e00d7da220a8570d8c21f3e5ecb549474fb0d3ca5dfb3b5481417e5a9a7fc2d0">https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Somalia;4169147.html</ref> | 637657 km² | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q512187|republica federal]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q34617|Q34617]] | SPM | | [[File:Flag of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Armoiries SaintPierreetMiquelon.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q34617|Saint Pierre and Miquelon]]'' | [[File:Saint Pierre and Miquelon in France.svg|center|48px]] | FR-PM | ''[[:d:Q185678|Saint-Pierre]]'' | 242 km² | ''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q403|Q403]] | SRB | SRB | [[File:Flag of Serbia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Serbia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Serbia]] | [[File:Europe-Serbia (2006–2008).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Belgrad]]<ref name="ref_c45902245eea33e4f11d3bf6ef345c5456cb8bec6ea3278dc70af18b81bc8d86">''[[:d:Q1287641|Constitution of Serbia]]''</ref> | 88499 km²<ref name="ref_5dc6c90aa11e33f2f250e2ba6c7c763c70b43d6fc03e0cab6516dfeefe6d4081">https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/Pdf/G20212054.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q958|Q958]] | SSD | SSD | [[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of South Sudan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sudan del Sud]] | [[File:LocationSouthSudan.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Juba]] | 644329 km²<ref name="ref_cc69373e9bad07d4f004a5f5aab7fe52f23ef8e4664c985f68ec563caa50d0ea">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/south-sudan/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1039|Q1039]] | STP | STP | [[File:Flag of São Tomé and Príncipe.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of São Tomé and Príncipe.svg|center|48px]] | [[São Tomé e Príncipe]] | [[File:Sao Tome and Principe on the globe (Africa centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[São Tomé]] | 1001 km² | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4198907|parliamentary republic]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q158454|biosphere reserve]]''<ref name="ref_f15cce0aaf4bcc7168adeb395beefca9131e69ae44ffbb3ed154c895c8968bd8">https://www.rfi.fr/fr/environnement/20250927-l-unesco-d%C3%A9signe-26-nouvelles-r%C3%A9serves-de-biosph%C3%A8re-dont-l-%C3%AEle-de-s%C3%A3o-tom%C3%A9-et-principe</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q15180|Q15180]] | SUN | URS | [[File:Flag of the Soviet Union (1922–1923).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union (1923–1936).svg|center|48px]] | [[Union Sovietic]] | [[File:Soviet Union on the globe (Soviet Union centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Moscova]] | 22402200 km² | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q730|Q730]] | SUR | SUR | [[File:Flag of Suriname.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Suriname.svg|center|48px]] | [[Suriname]] | [[File:SURINAME orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Paramaribo]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 163270 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q116052725|national geopolitical entity]]''<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q214|Q214]] | SVK | SVK | [[File:Flag of Slovakia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Slovakia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Slovachia]] | [[File:EU-Slovakia.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bratislava]]<ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref> | 49033.720839 km²<ref name="ref_a7a4342b94af32933ebcce2cf712c39f8a59d3736f14ec754d7242dfd4f00729">''[[:d:Q125653046|Population density of Slovakia – SR-area-region-district, cities-rural [om7015rr] : Area (square meter)]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q215|Q215]] | SVN | SLO | [[File:Flag of Slovenia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Slovenia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Slovenia]] | [[File:EU-Slovenia.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ljubljana]] | 20271 km²<ref name="ref_492e1685a33864a8ecd1ef9ca439efcffe18d8ae23067530c37b93bde4e62e2f">https://www.stat.si/StatWeb/File/DocSysFile/10033/Spremembe_povrsine_Slovenije.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q22909549|unitary parliamentary republic]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q34|Q34]] | SWE | SWE | [[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Great coat of arms of Sweden.svg|center|48px]] | [[Svedia]] | [[File:Sweden on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Stockholm]] | 447425.16 km²<ref name="ref_1124edc9963ca21ee5771ef0570e8118e27324d5bc4bc05d7f79c63b1f77925f">https://www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se/pxweb/sv/ssd/START__MI__MI0802/Areal2012N/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q63791824|country bordering the Baltic Sea]]''<br/>[[Monarchia constitutional]] | |- | [[:d:Q1050|Q1050]] | SWZ | SWZ | [[File:Flag of Eswatini.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg|center|48px]] | [[Eswatini]] | [[File:Location Eswatini.png|center|48px]] | | [[Lobamba]]<br/>[[Mbabane]] | 17364 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q417175|regno]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais in Africa |- | [[:d:Q26273|Q26273]] | SXM | | [[File:Flag of Sint Maarten.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Wapen van Sint Maarten.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sint Maarten]] | [[File:Sint Maarten on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | NL-SX<br/>SX | ''[[:d:Q30958|Philipsburg]]'' | 34 km² | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q15304003|pais del Regno del Paises Basse]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1042|Q1042]] | SYC | SEY | [[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Seychelles.svg|center|48px]] | [[Seychelles]] | [[File:SYC orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Victoria (Seychelles)|Victoria]] | 459 km² | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q858|Q858]] | SYR | SYR | [[File:Flag of Syria (2025-).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Syria (2025–present).svg|center|48px]] | [[Syria]] | [[File:Syria (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Damasco]] | 185180 km² | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q18221|Q18221]] | TCA | | [[File:Flag of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q18221|Turks and Caicos Islands]]'' | [[File:Turks and Caicos Islands in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q34205|Cockburn Town]]'' | 417 km² | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | |- | [[:d:Q657|Q657]] | TCD | CHA | [[File:Flag of Chad.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Chad.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tchad]] | [[File:TCD orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[N'Djamena]] | 1284000 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q945|Q945]] | TGO | TOG | [[File:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Armoiries du Togo.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_fffc7b435c279fc8e3b1f7f88e349523ca571e2226ff624cc2995bee274222ae">https://novissi.gouv.tg/en/home-new-en/</ref> | [[Togo]] | [[File:Togo on the globe (Africa centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Lomé]] | 56785 km² | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q869|Q869]] | THA | THA | [[File:Flag of Thailand.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Thailand.svg|center|48px]] | [[Thailanda]] | [[File:Thailand (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bangkok]] | 513119.5 km²<ref name="ref_1b8baf50a56047936437bf57fa007e9f7a73385d6a7341a3edadc4bec269e1a6">http://web.nso.go.th/en/census/poph/data/090913_MajorFindings_10.pdf</ref> | [[Monarchia constitutional]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q863|Q863]] | TJK | TJK | [[File:Flag of Tajikistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Tajikistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tajikistan]] | [[File:Tajikistan (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Dushanbe]] | 143100 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q36823|Q36823]] | TKL | | [[File:Flag of Tokelau.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Badge of Tokelau.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q36823|Tokelau]]'' | [[File:LocationTokelau.png|center|48px]] | | No/unknown value | 10 km² | ''[[:d:Q1402592|island group]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q874|Q874]] | TKM | TKM | [[File:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Turkmenistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Turkmenistan]] | [[File:Turkmenistan on the globe (Turkmenistan centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ashgabat]] | 491210 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q574|Q574]] | TLS | TLS | [[File:Flag of East Timor.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of East Timor.svg|center|48px]] | [[Timor Oriental]] | [[File:Timor Leste (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q9310|Dili]]'' | 14918.72 km² | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q678|Q678]] | TON | TGA | [[File:Flag of Tonga.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Tonga.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tonga]] | [[File:Tonga on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q38834|Nukuʻalofa]]'' | 748.506563 km² | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q918240|territorial evolution of the British Empire]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q754|Q754]] | TTO | TTO | [[File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Trinidad and Tobago (2025).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q754|Trinidad e Tobago]]'' | [[File:Trinidad and Tobago (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q39178|Port of Spain]]'' | 5128 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q948|Q948]] | TUN | TUN | [[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Tunisia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tunisia]] | [[File:Tunisia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tunis]]<ref name="ref_88ce9717ec72824287896e8dec4b5443f0fc722f6fbb7ede486346a09909b211">https://www.britannica.com/place/Tunisia</ref> | 163610 km²<ref name="ref_f2a564e8bc55a0e6132abb0644692ca17f2c61a6cfb59027e3d0a8b03e3a1c9b">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ts.html</ref> | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q43|Q43]] | TUR | TUR | [[File:Flag of Turkey.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Turchia]] | [[File:Turkey (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ankara]]<ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 783562 km²<ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais transcontinental]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_9e59fb0cade2e24af05b8139af1c56c8541241a8b9a620ca0b1c15c7c4c3fc35">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q619610|social state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q339834|regional power]]''<br/>[[stato secular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q672|Q672]] | TUV | TUV | [[File:Flag of Tuvalu.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tuvalu]] | [[File:Tuvalu in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Funafuti]] | 25.14 km² | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q865|Q865]] | TWN | TPE<ref name="ref_57a0ad33f5b6f27f02f92a9efa64f01b99937ab26de151c23288f5b72c3c0fb2">https://olympics.com/en/news/paris-2024-olympics-full-list-ioc-national-olympic-committee-codes</ref> | [[File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National Emblem of the Republic of China.svg|center|48px]] | [[Taiwan|Republica de China]] | [[File:Locator map of the ROC Taiwan.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Taipei]] | 36193 km² | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q6501447|local government]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10711424|stato non recognoscite]]''<ref name="ref_c905fbbcd72d58c0d5b3cbabd51cf692c8b26048dc5f0e526c86e110f12e8bc0">https://docs.un.org/en/A/RES/2758(XXVI)</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q16562419|political entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q25449457|continental country]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q924|Q924]] | TZA | TAN | [[File:Flag of Tanzania.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Tanzania.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tanzania]] | [[File:Tanzania (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Dodoma]] | 947303 km² | [[republica]]<ref name="ref_66afe8a0af55b4c72538a606d569b267b8291b8e859cb3431b45dfa5e7e740d0">https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1036|Q1036]] | UGA | UGA | [[File:Flag of Uganda.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Uganda.svg|center|48px]] | [[Uganda]] | [[File:Uganda (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kampala]] | 241038 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_96c78443365f47d6b9190ab9c0a9f169f7cc2ed3f7942acfef00afdbabc34b44">https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/special-reports/what-uganda-has-gone-through-since-1962--4787868#story</ref><br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q212|Q212]] | UKR | UKR | [[File:Flag of Ukraine.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_5ed3251867e0b91b05961b69a825c79af31d20592aa1b6c6c02c084f36419866">''[[:d:Q127974|flag of Ukraine]]''</ref> | [[File:Coat of Arms of Ukraine (Pantone).svg|center|48px]] | [[Ukraina]] | [[File:Ukraine (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kiovia|Kiev]]<ref name="ref_d7f3fbf911ccc5e0cabba1efbe3a7d2fe53e36a359a9eb710109378e62030924">''[[:d:Q4041526|Internetowa encyklopedia PWN]]''</ref> | 603550 km²<ref name="ref_639b4cacb792146ec143caffa6445dcd00277784997c2ed13ebef532a6ddd8c4">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ukraine/#geography</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_d04d8d7f5731ee4d65658b5b251738e4774f75263e16fe3f0e76820ea3f141d2">''[[:d:Q1549039|Constitution of Ukraine]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_6ffc63bfb6be52fa62e52df154cb155bb3608a135ef80e4f6f72beb583682da2">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/up.html</ref><ref name="ref_7f356e30362b34841f34d2d2aa38ba88bf15d98584825e43e49f099d271bd872">http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-30096/Ukraine</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<ref name="ref_d04d8d7f5731ee4d65658b5b251738e4774f75263e16fe3f0e76820ea3f141d2">''[[:d:Q1549039|Constitution of Ukraine]]''</ref><br/>[[republica]]<ref name="ref_d04d8d7f5731ee4d65658b5b251738e4774f75263e16fe3f0e76820ea3f141d2">''[[:d:Q1549039|Constitution of Ukraine]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q619610|social state]]''<ref name="ref_d04d8d7f5731ee4d65658b5b251738e4774f75263e16fe3f0e76820ea3f141d2">''[[:d:Q1549039|Constitution of Ukraine]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q4209223|stato de derecto]]''<ref name="ref_d04d8d7f5731ee4d65658b5b251738e4774f75263e16fe3f0e76820ea3f141d2">''[[:d:Q1549039|Constitution of Ukraine]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q4835091|territory]]''<ref name="ref_26acfc01b6c3b5a18a274ccd29ed3d723b814fc3cbec9643244ef3238ffb54cf">''[[:d:Q1048515|political world map]]''</ref> | pais de Europa oriental |- | [[:d:Q16645|Q16645]] | UMI | | [[File:Flag of the United States.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Insulas minor peripheric del Statos Unite]] | [[File:United States Minor Outlying Island in Oceania (small islands magnified).svg|center|48px]] | US-UM | | 34.2 km² | ''[[:d:Q1402592|island group]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15042037|statistical territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_4d80a9e7ddc84c2bda41cb23318f27faf6fe7628d4c9954662c5c77f43af71a8">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:US</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q77|Q77]] | URY | URU | [[File:Flag of Uruguay.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Uruguay.svg|center|48px]] | [[Uruguay]] | [[File:URY orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Montevideo]]<ref name="ref_3fc46b9f24a8ea483e8de2a69e4e9850b7ca55f5a20994df6ed612892cc8a304">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/uruguay</ref><ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 176215 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[stato secular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1520223|republica constitutional]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30|Q30]] | USA<ref name="ref_4d80a9e7ddc84c2bda41cb23318f27faf6fe7628d4c9954662c5c77f43af71a8">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:US</ref> | USA | [[File:Flag of the United States (DDD-F-416E specifications).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Greater coat of arms of the United States.svg|center|48px]] | [[Statos Unite de America]] | [[File:United States - Location Map (2013) - USA - UNOCHA.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] | 9826675 km²<ref name="ref_158b76717a8d3648e58dc700a173d3d72f9618fe9f4fc4c9da55926b3b0d968a">https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-constitutes-united-states-what-are-official-definitions?qt-news_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_fb44dbd8e36ba0b1337ed6b2078b4ca9e01a621aeb978bf3115574eb73965cec">https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States</ref><ref name="ref_c1dc48b76c664759133329f1e6125b7e8b014aa98e54ea77b635f7141d81ac32">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/</ref><ref name="ref_ec56b845d70b983ce9320cbf0ed603da1d146d7a3f4277abc7d8a633a8c69bed">''[[:d:Q113012671|NCI Thesaurus OBO Edition]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b6dead0d44acfe6a7b1c36ae1c0f2eb8a2a5fab45c851d9436c852977010ee7e">''[[:d:Q199897|Medical Subject Headings]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q265|Q265]] | UZB | UZB | [[File:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Uzbekistan]] | [[File:UZB orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tashkent]] | 448978 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q136361597|doubly landlocked country]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q237|Q237]] | VAT | | [[File:Flag of Vatican City (2023–present).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Vatican City (2023–present).svg|center|48px]] | [[Citate Vatican]] | [[File:Location of the Vatican City in Europe.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Citate Vatican]] | 0.49 km² | [[Citate-stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q171441|enclave]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q98116669|religious complex]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19691007|institutional complex]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q702492|area urban]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1200957|tourist destination]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10551526|confessional state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q7396640|sacerdotal state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_4946826ee9ce2d52acabe7edc229e145f75a6a1b7f524761b7b4efcba9af1c75">https://www.britannica.com/place/Vatican-City</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q757|Q757]] | VCT | VIN | [[File:Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sancte Vincente e le Grenadinas]] | [[File:VCT orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q41474|Kingstown]]'' | 389 km² | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q717|Q717]] | VEN | VEN | [[File:Flag of Venezuela.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Venezuela.svg|center|48px]] | [[Venezuela]] | [[File:VEN orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Caracas]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 912050 km²<ref name="ref_90f6a005933e51fbb611f3aa52ceea99d3816700979d4b354ae5b28dd7e68559">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/venezuela/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q25305|Q25305]] | VGB | IVB | [[File:Flag of the British Virgin Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the British Virgin Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q25305|British Virgin Islands]]'' | [[File:British Virgin Islands on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | VG | ''[[:d:Q179431|Road Town]]'' | 151 km²<ref name="ref_e77c3143946f97a1b9395ae27045f559aea6cabe773e7a9b5bc9a76e45f785d3">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/british-virgin-islands/summaries/#geography</ref> | ''[[:d:Q46395|British Overseas Territories]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11703|Q11703]] | VIR | ISV | [[File:Flag of the United States Virgin Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the United States Virgin Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q11703|United States Virgin Islands]]'' | [[File:United States Virgin Islands on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | VI | ''[[:d:Q51681|Charlotte Amalie]]'' | 346.36 km² | ''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1352230|territory of the United States]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q881|Q881]] | VNM | VIE | [[File:Flag of Vietnam.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Vietnam.svg|center|48px]] | [[Vietnam]] | [[File:Vietnam on the globe (Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Hanoi]]<ref name="ref_3aed807b6075b8ef155bd1119cddbbd8e302626d754fc0a3982652f6327246b2">''[[:d:Q16481310|2013 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam]]''</ref> | 331690 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q849866|communist state]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q686|Q686]] | VUT | VAN | [[File:Flag of Vanuatu.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Vanuatu.svg|center|48px]] | [[Vanuatu]] | [[File:Vanuatu on the globe (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q37806|Port Vila]]'' | 12190 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q35555|Q35555]] | WLF | | [[File:Flag of Wallis and Futuna.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:BlasonWallisetFutuna.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q35555|Wallis and Futuna]]'' | [[File:Wallis and Futuna in France (zoomed).svg|center|48px]] | FR-WF | ''[[:d:Q31002|Mata-Utu]]'' | 274 km² | ''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q683|Q683]] | WSM | SAM | [[File:Flag of Samoa.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Public Seal of Samoa.svg|center|48px]] | [[Samoa]] | [[File:Samoa on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q36260|Apia]]'' | 2842 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1246|Q1246]] | XKS | KOS | [[File:Flag of Kosovo.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of the Republic of Kosovo.svg|center|48px]] | [[Kosovo]] | [[File:Europe-Republic of Kosovo.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Pristina]] | 10909 km² | ''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10711424|stato non recognoscite]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_aa458e28623f0fe17ade40df0205fb0b44f4aea39e935882d7bc0ce285236eb7">https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/kosovo/2013-04-24/kosovo-and-serbia-make-deal</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q805|Q805]] | YEM | YEM | [[File:Flag of Yemen.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Yemen (2).svg|center|48px]] | [[Yemen]] | [[File:Yemen orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2471|Sanaa]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q131694|Aden]]'' | 455503 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q83286|Q83286]] | YUG | | [[File:Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Yugoslavia (1963–1992).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q83286|Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]'' | [[File:Yugoslavia 1956-1990.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Belgrad]] | 255804 km² | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q838261|Q838261]] | YUG | | [[File:Flag of Serbia and Montenegro (1992–2006).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Serbia and Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q838261|Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]'' | [[File:Serbia and Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Belgrad]] | 102350 km² | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q258|Q258]] | ZAF | RSA | [[File:Flag of South Africa.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg|center|48px]] | [[Africa del Sud]] | [[File:LocationSouthAfrica.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Pretoria]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[Bloemfontein]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref><br/>[[Citate del Capo]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | 1221037 km² | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_bb991413d2b16365ef1e33cbdd744e118fec80f994ba6c186f0e51ff57c84df3">''[[:d:Q5375741|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q953|Q953]] | ZMB | ZAM | [[File:Flag of Zambia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Zambia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Zambia]] | [[File:Zambia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Lusaka]] | 752618 km²<ref name="ref_c11b0824a3f2a6707a8190c5588e3333b8214717ff23a600d9ae0410d02ff42f">http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYB2004/Table03.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q954|Q954]] | ZWE | ZIM | [[File:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Zimbabwe.svg|center|48px]] | [[Zimbabwe]] | [[File:Zimbabwe (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Harare]] | 390757 km²<ref name="ref_1dce4a8b917510d678fa50fb5300544652cf231b551806ae27c17c359782f237">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html</ref> | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |} {{Wikidata list end}} efegjsmvbs2zstmv112sx7ejyvsv1i6 0 40568 704186 700603 2026-10-12T23:57:46Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704186 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P580 ?dtstart . ?item wdt:P582 ?dtend . FILTER (?dtstart < "1942-02-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) FILTER (?dtstart > "1942-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) } |wdq= |columns=item,P580,P582,label,P31,description |sort=P580 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! data de initio ! data de fin ! label ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q161033|Q161033]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-07 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-05-25 | ''[[:d:Q161033|Demyansk Pocket]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1569578|encirclement]]''<br/>[[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q261776|Q261776]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-05 | data-sort-value="1943" | 1943-03-21 | ''[[:d:Q261776|Battles of Rzhev]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q305133|Q305133]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-23 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-05-05 | ''[[:d:Q305133|Kholm Pocket]]'' | [[Battalia]]<br/>''[[:d:Q188055|siege]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q478315|Q478315]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-07 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-04-30 | ''[[:d:Q478315|Battle of Lyuban]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]''<br/>[[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q558137|Q558137]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-15<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-23<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q558137|Operation Southeast Croatia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q582956|punitive expedition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q569454|Q569454]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-14 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-08-31 | ''[[:d:Q569454|Second Happy Time]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q610048|Q610048]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-23<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-24<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q610048|Battle of Balikpapan]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q651977|Q651977]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-18 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-06-14 | ''[[:d:Q651977|1941–42 Primeira Divisão]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q703482|Q703482]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-07 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-04-09 | ''[[:d:Q703482|Battle of Bataan]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q907163|Q907163]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-10 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942 | ''[[:d:Q907163|1942 South American Championship]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1572785|Q1572785]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-23<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1572785|Battle of Rabaul]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q1759161|Q1759161]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-21<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1945" | 1945-08-21<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1759161|Solomon Islands Campaign]]'' | ''[[:d:Q831663|military campaign]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2034438|Q2034438]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-08 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-04-20 | ''[[:d:Q2034438|Rzhev-Vyazma offensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2165376|Q2165376]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-11<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-12<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q2165376|Battle of Tarakan]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q2276692|Q2276692]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-23 | data-sort-value="1945" | 1945-08 | ''[[:d:Q2276692|New Guinea campaign]]'' | ''[[:d:Q831663|military campaign]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2369529|Q2369529]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-07 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-10-03 | ''[[:d:Q2369529|Jewish Labour Camp]]'' | | |- | [[:d:Q2392991|Q2392991]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-30<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-03<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q2392991|Battle of Ambon]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q2398940|Q2398940]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-08<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0"/> | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948-08-01<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0"/> | ''[[:d:Q2398940|Technician Fifth Grade]]'' | ''[[:d:Q5379090|enlisted rank]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2587905|Q2587905]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-11<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-12<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q2587905|Battle of Manado]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q2889419|Q2889419]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-14 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-22 | ''[[:d:Q2889419|Battle of Muar]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q4287557|Q4287557]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-03 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-10 | ''[[:d:Q4287557|Медвежьегорская наступательная операция]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4870916|Q4870916]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-09 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-11 | ''[[:d:Q4870916|Battle of Dražgoše]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q4872395|Q4872395]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-06 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-08 | ''[[:d:Q4872395|Battle of Slim River]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q4873065|Q4873065]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-26 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-27 | ''[[:d:Q4873065|Battle off Endau]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1261499|naval battle]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5656259|Q5656259]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-10 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-21 | ''[[:d:Q5656259|Lake Ilmen action]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q6018281|Q6018281]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_44cf491846e72826565dd5f5ed6c48f8ff6bc517888bb83043e62218b829ff6b">''[[:d:Q124566507|Taqwīm al-qurūn (Dhāt al-Salāsil, 1405h)]]''</ref><br/>1942-01-17 | data-sort-value="1943" | 1943-01-07<ref name="ref_44cf491846e72826565dd5f5ed6c48f8ff6bc517888bb83043e62218b829ff6b">''[[:d:Q124566507|Taqwīm al-qurūn (Dhāt al-Salāsil, 1405h)]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6018281|1361 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4146861|Hijri year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7692371|Q7692371]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-08<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0"/> | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948-08-01<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0"/> | ''[[:d:Q7692371|Technician Fourth Grade]]'' | ''[[:d:Q5379090|enlisted rank]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7692374|Q7692374]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-08<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0">https://tioh.army.mil/Catalog/HeraldryMulti.aspx?CategoryId=9168&grp=2&menu=Uniformed%20Services</ref> | data-sort-value="1948" | 1948-08-01<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0"/> | ''[[:d:Q7692374|Technician Third Grade]]'' | ''[[:d:Q5379090|enlisted rank]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q9367361|Q9367361]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-24 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-03-06 | ''[[:d:Q9367361|Ust-Usa uprising]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2920604|prison riot]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q124734|rebellion]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15805395|Q15805395]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-29 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-01 | ''[[:d:Q15805395|Deutsche Dreiband-Meisterschaft 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15805414|German three-cushion championship]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q114609228|recurring sporting event edition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17017712|Q17017712]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-30 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-15 | ''[[:d:Q17017712|Convoy SC 67]]'' | ''[[:d:Q131656428|military convoy]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q18332219|Q18332219]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-10 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-12-30 | ''[[:d:Q18332219|Riksdagen 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q85680242|Riksdag]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q21636225|Q21636225]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-14 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-04-12 | ''[[:d:Q21636225|Боевые действия на Керченском полуострове]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q65241261|Q65241261]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-25<ref name="ref_2150759e0e0d4e073f27b23334b9a5b01a0960b419ffa0b927bba832e19902a3">{{Cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019094925/http://ibtracs.unca.edu/index.php?name=YearBasin-1942 |archivedate=2021-10-19 |title=Archive copy |url=http://ibtracs.unca.edu/index.php?name=YearBasin-1942 |accessdate=2020-11-15}}</ref> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-12-17<ref name="ref_2150759e0e0d4e073f27b23334b9a5b01a0960b419ffa0b927bba832e19902a3"/> | ''[[:d:Q65241261|1942 Pacific typhoon season]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27491613|Pacific typhoon season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356407|Q76356407]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-09<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_f6f9068b9ee774619c1ad6596ed2df4039beae49b819774990b1750dd875195c">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-transportu-z-terezina-razeno-podle-data-odjezdu/</ref> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-12<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356407|Transport von Ghetto Theresienstadt nach Ghetto Riga am 09.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356410|Q76356410]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-11<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-15<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356410|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Riga am 11.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356414|Q76356414]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-13<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-16<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356414|Transport von Berlin nach Ghetto Riga am 13.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356419|Q76356419]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-15<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_f6f9068b9ee774619c1ad6596ed2df4039beae49b819774990b1750dd875195c"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-19<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356419|Transport von Ghetto Theresienstadt nach Ghetto Riga am 15.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356422|Q76356422]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-19<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-23<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356422|Transport von Berlin nach Ghetto Riga am 19.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356429|Q76356429]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-25<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-30<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356429|Transport from Berlin to the Riga Ghetto on January 25, 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356432|Q76356432]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-26<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-31<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356432|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Riga am 26.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478844|Q79478844]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-02<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478844|Chicago Council of Camera Clubs]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478845|Q79478845]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478845|History of the Modern Poster]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478849|Q79478849]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478849|The Artist Uses His Skill in War: Posters Designed by a Group of Bay Region Artists]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478851|Q79478851]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478851|The Artist Uses His Skill In War: Models: Art in Camouflage]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478854|Q79478854]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-09<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-25<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478854|William Gropper]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478858|Q79478858]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-12<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-25<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478858|Oils by William Gerstle]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478861|Q79478861]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-13<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478861|Exhibitions for Art Understanding]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478864|Q79478864]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478864|Art of Latin American Countries: Contemporary Art of the Argentine Republic]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478867|Q79478867]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-01<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478867|Art of Latin American Countries: Contemporary Prints of Latin America, Section I]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478872|Q79478872]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-19<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-01<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478872|Photographs of Mexico by Maude Martin]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478877|Q79478877]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-20<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478877|Emmy Lou Packard]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478882|Q79478882]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-21<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-01<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478882|The Artist Uses His Skill In War: Posters from U.S.S.R.]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478884|Q79478884]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-26<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267">https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf</ref> | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478884|Oils by Werner Philipp]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q87406449|Q87406449]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-25 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-09-02 | ''[[:d:Q87406449|Jonge Sierkunstenaars]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q99885166|Q99885166]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-18 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q99885166|transport from Pilsen to Ghetto Theresienstadt on January 18th 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q99889221|Q99889221]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-21 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-24 | ''[[:d:Q99889221|Transport von Leipzig in das Ghetto Riga am 21.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q99889236|Q99889236]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-22 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-22<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q99889236|Transport von Pilsen nach Ghetto Theresienstadt am 22.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q99889257|Q99889257]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-26 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-26<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q99889257|Transport von Pilsen in das Ghetto Theresienstadt am 26.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q99889382|Q99889382]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-27 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-01 | ''[[:d:Q99889382|Transport von Gelsenkirchen in das Ghetto Riga am 27.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16">https://www.bundesarchiv.de/gedenkbuch/chronicles.html.de?page=1</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q100526795|Q100526795]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-28 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-28<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q100526795|Transport von Brünn in das Ghetto Theresienstadt am 28.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q100526955|Q100526955]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-30 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-30<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-vsech-transportu-do-terezina-razeno-podle-data-odjezdu/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q100526955|Transport von Prag in das Ghetto Theresienstadt am 30.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106104733|Q106104733]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-11 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-03-27 | ''[[:d:Q106104733|Japanische Invasion von Celebes]]'' | ''[[:d:Q467011|invasion]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106450243|Q106450243]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-21 | data-sort-value="1945" | 1945-02-25 | ''[[:d:Q106450243|Deportations from Brunswick]]'' | ''[[:d:Q379693|deportation]]''<ref name="ref_a21cd404e6d137d131e449ddf463b6aca031da9062ba1f72fc70eb4f1ab790f3">http://www.vernetztes-gedaechtnis.de/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q6983405|Nazi crime]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106619215|Q106619215]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-24 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-29 | ''[[:d:Q106619215|Japanese invasion of West Borneo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q467011|invasion]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890677|Q110890677]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-13 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-15 | ''[[:d:Q110890677|New Acquisitions: Latin-American Art]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890678|Q110890678]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-13 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-25 | ''[[:d:Q110890678|New Acquisitions: Photographs]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890679|Q110890679]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-13 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-04-09 | ''[[:d:Q110890679|Dancers in Movement: Photographs by Gjon Mili]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890681|Q110890681]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-21 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-03-08 | ''[[:d:Q110890681|Americans 1942: 18 Artists from 9 States]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890682|Q110890682]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-28 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-03-02 | ''[[:d:Q110890682|The Artists' New York]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q113573421|Q113573421]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-22 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-25 | ''[[:d:Q113573421|1942 German Balkline-45/2 Championship]]'' | ''[[:d:Q114609228|recurring sporting event edition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126046678|Q126046678]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-18<br/>1942-01-17 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-02-17<br/>1942-02-16 | ''[[:d:Q126046678|Muharram 1361 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q125390868|hijri month of a given year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q129076438|Q129076438]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-20 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-05-10 | ''[[:d:Q129076438|Republic of Foča]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4345889|partisan region]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11192275|Liberated territories of Yugoslavia in World War II]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q138747844|Q138747844]] | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-01-18 | data-sort-value="1942" | 1942-04-17 | ''[[:d:Q138747844|Campionat de Catalunya d'hoquei sobre patins 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |} {{Wikidata list end}} nunv5uvs0hm9i663qrdi89a9lxlcznp 102 40603 704176 701935 2026-10-12T17:04:49Z ListeriaBot 24326 Wikidata list updated [V2] 704176 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q240601 } |columns=item,P41,P94,label,P242,P300,P36,description |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! imagine del bandiera ! imagine del scuto ! label ! position geographic ! ISO 3166-2 ! capital ! description |- | [[:d:Q17601|Q17601]] | | | ''[[:d:Q17601|Ghardaïa Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-47 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-47<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q622841|Ghardaia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q141026|Q141026]] | | | ''[[:d:Q141026|Algiers Province]]'' | [[File:Alger in Algeria 2019.svg|center|48px]] | DZ-16<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | [[Alger]] | |- | [[:d:Q168953|Q168953]] | | | ''[[:d:Q168953|Aïn Defla Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-44 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-44<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q168846|Aïn Deflaa]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q188166|Q188166]] | | | [[Provincia de Adrar]] | [[File:DZ-01 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-01<ref name="ref_7b33ae2ef5d41298f49516b578aa2a23fc2e4a948a59de7907dc752e678c0569">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DZ</ref> | ''[[:d:Q251181|Adrar]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q213944|Q213944]] | | | ''[[:d:Q213944|Annaba Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-23 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-23<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q45942|Annaba]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q213950|Q213950]] | | | ''[[:d:Q213950|Khenchela Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-40 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-40<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1649570|Khenchela]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q215452|Q215452]] | | | [[Provincia de Batna]] | [[File:05 Batna Map 2026.png|center|48px]] | DZ-05<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q338844|Batna]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q215467|Q215467]] | | | [[Provincia de Bechar]] | [[File:DZ-08 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-08<ref name="ref_7b33ae2ef5d41298f49516b578aa2a23fc2e4a948a59de7907dc752e678c0569">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DZ</ref> | ''[[:d:Q638704|Béchar]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q221445|Q221445]] | | | ''[[:d:Q221445|Mostaganem Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-27 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-27<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q849524|Mostaganem]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q229467|Q229467]] | | | ''[[:d:Q229467|Tamanrasset Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-11 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-11<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q205792|Tamanrasset]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q231151|Q231151]] | | | ''[[:d:Q231151|Tindouf Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-37 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-37<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q328510|Tindouf]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q231331|Q231331]] | | | [[Provincia de Oran]] | [[File:DZ-31 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-31<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q131818|Oran]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q231748|Q231748]] | | | [[Provincia de Laghouat]] | [[File:03 Laghouat Map 2026.png|center|48px]] | DZ-03<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q402733|Laghouat]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q231752|Q231752]] | | | [[Provincia de Chlef]] | [[File:DZ-02 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-02<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q849561|Chlef]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q232043|Q232043]] | | | ''[[:d:Q232043|Constantine Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-25 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-25<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q187346|Constantine]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q233233|Q233233]] | | | [[Provincia de Djelfa]] | [[File:DZ-17 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-17<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q2794758|Djelfa]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q233258|Q233258]] | | | ''[[:d:Q233258|Tiaret Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-14 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-14<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q565568|Tiaret]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q233632|Q233632]] | | | ''[[:d:Q233632|Tlemcen Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-13 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-13<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q185134|Tlemcen]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q233637|Q233637]] | | | [[Provincia de Blida]] | [[File:DZ-09 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-09<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q216990|Blida]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q233640|Q233640]] | | | [[Provincia de Saïda]] | [[File:DZ-20 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-20<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q401452|Saida]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q233645|Q233645]] | | | ''[[:d:Q233645|Tizi Ouzou Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-15 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-15<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q277201|Tizi-Ouzou]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q233651|Q233651]] | | | ''[[:d:Q233651|El Oued Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-39 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-39<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1642636|El Oued]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q233655|Q233655]] | | | [[Provincia de Bouira]] | [[File:DZ-10 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-10<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q722522|Bouïra]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q233659|Q233659]] | | | ''[[:d:Q233659|Illizi Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-33 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-33<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q640740|Illizi]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q233665|Q233665]] | | | ''[[:d:Q233665|Béjaïa Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-06 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-06<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q59975|Béjaïa]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q233670|Q233670]] | | | ''[[:d:Q233670|Aïn Témouchent Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-46 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-46<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q770504|Aïn Témouchent]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q233675|Q233675]] | | | [[Provincia de Naâma]] | [[File:DZ-45 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-45<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q798212|Naâma]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q234227|Q234227]] | | | ''[[:d:Q234227|Skikda Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-21 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-21<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q2292517|Skikda]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q235703|Q235703]] | | | ''[[:d:Q235703|El Bayadh Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-32 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-32<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q648784|El Bayadh]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q235705|Q235705]] | | | ''[[:d:Q235705|Oum El Bouaghi Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-04 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-04<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q5478122|Oum El Bouaghi]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q235709|Q235709]] | | | ''[[:d:Q235709|Ouargla Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-30 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-30<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q852469|Ouargla]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q235714|Q235714]] | | | ''[[:d:Q235714|Sidi Bel Abbès Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-22 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-22<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q852276|Sidi Bel Abbès]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q235718|Q235718]] | | | [[Provincia de Jijel]] | [[File:DZ-18 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-18<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q402726|Jijel]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q235723|Q235723]] | | | [[Provincia de Mila]] | [[File:DZ-43 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-43<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q335676|Mila]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q235727|Q235727]] | | | [[Provincia de Guelma]] | [[File:DZ-24 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-24<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q609871|Guelma]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q235805|Q235805]] | | | ''[[:d:Q235805|Tissemsilt Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-38 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-38<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q770447|Tissemsilt]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q235810|Q235810]] | | | ''[[:d:Q235810|Médéa Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-26 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-26<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1982137|Médéa]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q235814|Q235814]] | | | [[Provincia de Tipaza|Provincia Tipaza]] | [[File:DZ-42 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-42<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q214843|Tipaza]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q236752|Q236752]] | | | ''[[:d:Q236752|Boumerdès Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-35 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-35<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q770518|Boumerdès]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q236758|Q236758]] | | | [[Provincia de Relizane]] | [[File:DZ-48 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-48<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q402738|Relizane]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q236772|Q236772]] | | | ''[[:d:Q236772|Souk Ahras Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-41 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-41<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q402992|Souk Ahras]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q236776|Q236776]] | | | ''[[:d:Q236776|Mascara Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-29 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-29<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q545707|Mascara]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q236788|Q236788]] | | | ''[[:d:Q236788|El Tarf Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-36 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-36<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q770653|El Taref]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q237164|Q237164]] | | | [[Provincia de Sétif]] | [[File:DZ-19 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-19<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q244004|Sétif]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q240870|Q240870]] | | | ''[[:d:Q240870|M'Sila Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-28 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-28<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q402825|M'Sila]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q266411|Q266411]] | | | ''[[:d:Q266411|Bordj Bou Arréridj Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-34 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-34<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q544733|Algiers]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q267224|Q267224]] | | | ''[[:d:Q267224|Tébessa Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-12 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-12<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q984575|Tébessa]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q458402|Q458402]] | | | [[Provincia de Biskra]] | [[File:DZ-07 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-07<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q312759|Biskra]]'' | provincia de Algeria |- | [[:d:Q21606902|Q21606902]] | | | ''[[:d:Q21606902|Beni Abbes Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-52 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-52<ref name="ref_7b33ae2ef5d41298f49516b578aa2a23fc2e4a948a59de7907dc752e678c0569">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DZ</ref> | ''[[:d:Q130246|Béni Abbès]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q21606903|Q21606903]] | | | ''[[:d:Q21606903|Timimoun Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-49 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-49<ref name="ref_7b33ae2ef5d41298f49516b578aa2a23fc2e4a948a59de7907dc752e678c0569">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DZ</ref> | ''[[:d:Q131696790|Timimoun]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76520264|Q76520264]] | | | ''[[:d:Q76520264|El Meniaa Province]]'' | | DZ-58<ref name="ref_7b33ae2ef5d41298f49516b578aa2a23fc2e4a948a59de7907dc752e678c0569">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DZ</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1324185|El Menia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76592938|Q76592938]] | | | ''[[:d:Q76592938|Bordj Baji Mokhtar Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-50 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-50<ref name="ref_7b33ae2ef5d41298f49516b578aa2a23fc2e4a948a59de7907dc752e678c0569">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DZ</ref> | ''[[:d:Q131674985|Bordj Badji Mokhtar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76593022|Q76593022]] | | | ''[[:d:Q76593022|In Salah Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-53 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-53<ref name="ref_7b33ae2ef5d41298f49516b578aa2a23fc2e4a948a59de7907dc752e678c0569">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DZ</ref> | ''[[:d:Q255251|In Salah]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q77101547|Q77101547]] | | | ''[[:d:Q77101547|Djanet Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-56 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-56 | ''[[:d:Q1014380|Djanet]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q77102475|Q77102475]] | | | ''[[:d:Q77102475|In Guezzam Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-54 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-54<ref name="ref_7b33ae2ef5d41298f49516b578aa2a23fc2e4a948a59de7907dc752e678c0569">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DZ</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1655182|In Guezzam]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q77103173|Q77103173]] | | | ''[[:d:Q77103173|El M'Ghair Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-57 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-57<ref name="ref_7b33ae2ef5d41298f49516b578aa2a23fc2e4a948a59de7907dc752e678c0569">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:DZ</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3050032|El M'Ghair]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q77103880|Q77103880]] | | | ''[[:d:Q77103880|Touggourt Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-55 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-55 | ''[[:d:Q852515|Touggourt]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q77105251|Q77105251]] | | | ''[[:d:Q77105251|Ouled Djellal Province]]'' | [[File:DZ-51 (2019).svg|center|48px]] | DZ-51 | ''[[:d:Q4118338|Ouled Djellal]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q131588587|Q131588587]] | | | ''[[:d:Q131588587|Barika Province]]'' | | | ''[[:d:Q648253|Barika]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q131588980|Q131588980]] | | | ''[[:d:Q131588980|Messaad Province]]'' | [[File:66 Messaad Map 2026.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q609487|Messaâd]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q131925452|Q131925452]] | | | ''[[:d:Q131925452|Bou Saâda Province]]'' | [[File:68 Bou Saâda Map 2026.png|center|48px]] | | | |- | [[:d:Q136806466|Q136806466]] | | | ''[[:d:Q136806466|Aïn Oussera Province]]'' | [[File:65 Aïn Ouessara Map 2026.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q651497|Aïn Oussera]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q136956694|Q136956694]] | | | ''[[:d:Q136956694|Aflou Province]]'' | [[File:59 Aflou Map 2026.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q500560|Aflou]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q136956695|Q136956695]] | | | ''[[:d:Q136956695|Ksar Chellala Province]]'' | | | | |- | [[:d:Q136956696|Q136956696]] | | | ''[[:d:Q136956696|Ksar El Boukhari Province]]'' | [[File:67 Ksar El Boukhari Map 2026.png|center|48px]] | | | |- | [[:d:Q136956697|Q136956697]] | | | ''[[:d:Q136956697|El Kantara Province]]'' | [[File:61 El Kantara Map 2026.png|center|48px]] | | | |- | [[:d:Q136956698|Q136956698]] | | | ''[[:d:Q136956698|Bir El Ater Province]]'' | [[File:62 Bir El Ater Map 2026.png|center|48px]] | | | |- | [[:d:Q136956700|Q136956700]] | | | ''[[:d:Q136956700|El Abiodh Sidi Cheikh Province]]'' | [[File:69 El Abiodh Sidi Cheikh Map 2026.png|center|48px]] | | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} [[Categoria:Algeria]] 7l454rqy5oyjs1ptpts9wmg573chw5m 0 59690 704195 699148 2026-10-13T05:18:27Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704195 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Clôture de la salle des Jacobins 1794.jpg|thumb|Clausura del [[Jacobins|Club del Jacobinos]] per [[Louis Legendre]], in le prime horas del 28 de julio 1794. Quatro dies plus tarde illo esseva reaperte per ille.<ref>[https://thecharnelhouse.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/pages-from-mat.pdf Post Robespierre, Le Reaction Thermidorian, per Albert Mathiez, p. 23 Traducite ex le francese per Catherine Alison Phillips]</ref>]] In le [[historiographia]] del [[Revolution Francese]], le '''Reaction Thermidorian''' (''Réaction thermidorienne'' o ''Convention thermidorienne'', "Convention Thermidorian") es le termino commun pro le periodo inter le [[cadita de Maximilien Robespierre]] le 9 [[Thermidor]] II, o 27 de julio 1794, e le inauguration del [[Directorio Francese]] le 2 de novembre 1795. Le Reaction Thermidorian esseva nominate secundo le mense in le qual le colpo de stato occurreva e esseva le parte final del governamento del [[Convention National]] in Francia. Illo esseva marcate per le fin del [[Regno del Terror]], le decentralisation del poteres executive del [[Committee de Salute Public]], e un cambio del politicas radical [[Jacobin]] del [[Le Montania|Convention Montagnard]] verso positiones plus moderate. Le populismo economic e general, le [[Dechristianisation de Francia durante le Revolution Francese|dechristianisation]], e le dur mesuras de guerra esseva largemente abandonate, proque le membros del convention, disillusionate e terrificate per le governamento centralisate del Terror, preferiva un ordine politic plus stabile que haberea le approbation del pluralitate. Le reaction includeva le [[Prime Terror Blanc]], in le qual le sinistra esseva violentemente supprimite; le dissolution del Club del Jacobinos; le dispersion del ''[[sans-culottes]]''; e le renunciation del ideologia montagnard. == Etymologia e definitiones == Le nomine ''Thermidorian'' originava con le 9 de Thermidor Anno II (27 de julio 1794), le data secundo le [[Calendario republican francese]] quando [[Maximilien Robespierre]] e altere revolutionarios radical esseva attaccate concertatemente in le Convention National.<ref>{{cite book |last=Abbott |first=John Stevens Cabot |title=The French Revolution of 1789 As Viewed in the Light of Republican Institutions |volume=II |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HJZBAAAAYAAJ |year=1887 |publisher=[[Harper & Brothers]] |location=New York |page=379}}</ref> ''Reaction Thermidorian'' se refere al periodo restante usque le Convention National esseva substituite per le [[Directorio Francese|Directorio]]; isto es anque a vices appellate le era del Convention Thermidorian.<ref>Pro le definition del '''Reaction Thermidorian''' como le periodo de 15 menses '''sequente''' le decesso de Robespierre, vide: {{cite book |last=Mason |first=Laura |chapter=The Thermidorian Reaction <!--|pp=311-327--> |doi=10.1002/9781118316399.ch19 |editor-last=McPhee |editor-first=Peter |editor-link=Peter McPhee (academic) |title=A Companion to the French Revolution |date=2012 |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |location=Oxford |isbn=9781118316399 |page=311}}; {{cite book |editor-first=David |editor-last=Andress |title=The Oxford Handbook of the French Revolution |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |date=2015 |pages=522–523}}; [[Mona Ozouf]], [[François Furet]] (ed.), ''A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution''. [[Harvard University Press]] (1989). p. 400.</ref> Figuras prominente de Thermidor include [[Paul François Jean Nicolas, vicomte de Barras|Paul Barras]], [[Jean-Lambert Tallien]], e [[Joseph Fouché]]. == Antecedentes == {{AP|Cadita de Maximilien Robespierre}} [[File:Shot.jpg|thumb|[[Charles-André Merda|Gendarme Charles-André Merda]] tirante contra Maximilien Robespierre]] Conspirationes contra Robespierre, qui habeva dominate le Committee de Salute Public, se univa le 9 de Thermidor (27 de julio) 1794. Tallien, un membro e ancian presidente del Convention National, impugnava [[Louis Antoine de Saint-Just]] e postea procedeva a denunciar le tyrannia de Robespierre. Le attacco esseva continuate per [[Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne]]. Critos de "A basso le tyranno! Arresta le!"<ref>{{cite book |last1=de Maillane |first1=Durand |last2=Lanjuinais |first2=Jean-Denis |title=Histoire de la Convention Nationale |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Rb0NAAAAIAAJ |year=1825 |publisher=Baudouin Freres |publication-place=Paris|page=200 |language=fr}}</ref> Robespierre alora faceva su appello al deputatos del dextera, sed falliva. Un ordine esseva emittite pro arrestar Robespierre e su sequaces. [[File:Execution robespierre, saint just....jpg|thumb|Le execution de Robespierre le 28 de julio 1794 marcava le fin del Regno del Terror]] Truppas del [[Communa de Paris (1789–1795)|Communa de Paris]], qui esseva loyal a Robespierre, arrivava pro liberar le e le altere prisioneros. Le Convention respondeva ordinante truppas proprie sub Barras pro contra-attaccar. Le robespierristas se barricadava al [[Hôtel de Ville, Paris|Hôtel de Ville]].<ref name="Merriman, John 2004 p 507">{{cite book |last=Merriman |first=John |date=2004 |chapter=Thermidor |edition=2nd |title=A history of modern Europe: from the Renaissance to the present |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmodern000merr |page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofmodern000merr/page/507 507] |publisher=W.W. Norton & Company |isbn=0-393-92495-5}}</ref> Le Convention los declarava foras del lege, lo que significava que illes poteva esser executate intra 24 horas sin un judicio. Le fortias del Communa al Hôtel de Ville desertava. Le truppas del Convention sub Barras se approchava al Hôtel circa le 2 a.m. del 28 de julio.<ref name="Merriman, John 2004 p 507" /> Robespierre, con su maxilla fracturate per un tiro possibilemente auto-inflicte, esseva prendite con le majoritate de su supportores. Robespierre esseva executate le mesme die con 21 de su associatos, includente<ref>{{cite book |last1=Beauchesne |first1=Alcide |last2=Dupanloup |first2=Félix |title=Louis XVII, sa vie, son agonie, sa mort: captivité de la famille royale au Temple |publisher=H. Plon |url=https://archive.org/details/louisxviisavies02beaugoog |year=1868 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/louisxviisavies02beaugoog/page/n231 218]–219}}</ref> [[François Hanriot]], ex-commandante del Garda National de Paris; [[Jean-Baptiste Fleuriot-Lescot]], burgomastro de Paris; [[Georges Couthon]], Saint-Just e [[René-François Dumas]], ex-presidente del Tribunal Revolutionari. Le ration pro le qual Robespierre falliva in ordinar su supportores a attaccar le convention como ille habeva facite in le passato, e postea tentava occider se mesme, es un thema de speculation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305114877 |title=Robespierre's suicide and Gorbachev's fall: Wilfred Bion's theories help us answer some historical puzzles |first=Wayne |last=Blackmon |via=[[ResearchGate]] |date=January 2012 |access-date=27 July 2025 }}</ref> == Reaction == Le eventos del 9 de Thermidor se revelava un puncto de inflexion in le processo revolutionari. Le regimine thermidorian que sequeva se revelava impopular, affrontante multe rebelliones post su execution de Robespierre e su alliados, insimul con 70 membros del Communa de Paris, le plus grande execution de massa que jam occurreva in Paris.{{sfn|Durant|Durant|1975|p=83}} Isto duceva a un situation multo fragile in Francia.<ref name="clay"/> Le hostilitate verso Robespierre non dispariva con su execution. In loco de illo, le populo decideva culpar a illes qui esseva implicate con Robespierre in qualcunque modo, a saber le multe membros del Club del Jacobinos, lor supportores, e individuos suspecte de haber essite revolutionarios in le passato. Le massacro de iste gruppos deveniva cognoscite como le Terror Blanc, e esseva partialmente executate per le [[Muscadin]], un gruppo de combattores de strata dandyish organisate per le nove governamento.<ref name="clay">{{cite book |last=Clay |first=Stephen |date=2012 |chapter=The White Terror: Factions, Reactions, and the Politics of Vengeance |pages=359–377 |doi=10.1002/9781118316399.ch22 |editor-last=McPhee |editor-first=Peter |editor-link=Peter McPhee (academic) |title=A Companion to the French Revolution |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |location=Oxford |isbn=9781118316399}}</ref> Frequentemente, membros de iste gruppos visate esseva victimas de massacros in prisiones o ponite in judicio sin le debite processo, lo que esseva in general conditiones simile a illos fornite al contra-revolutionarios durante le Regno del Terror. Al mesme tempore, su politicas economic preparava le via pro un inflation galopante. Finalmente, le poter passava al manos del Directorio, un executivo de cinque homines qui assumeva le poter in Francia in novembre 1795, in le anno III del calendario revolutionari francese.{{sfn|Sutherland|2003|loc=ch. 8}} Le regimine thermidorian excludeva le [[Le Montania|Montagnards]] restante del poter, mesmo illes qui se habeva jungite al conspiration contra Robespierre e Saint-Just. Le Terror Blanc de 1795 resultava in numerose prisionamentos e plure centos de executiones, quasi exclusivemente de personas del sinistra politic. Iste numeros, ben que significante, esseva considerabilemente minor que illos associate con le previe Regno del Terror, que occideva plus de 40.000. Multe executiones occurreva sin un judicio.{{sfn|Brown|2010}}{{page needed|date=July 2020}} Le 29 de julio le victores del 9 de Thermidor condemnava septanta membros del Communa de Paris al morte; postea le Communa esseva subjecte al convention.{{sfn|Durant|Durant|1975|p=83}} Como parte del reorganisation del politica francese, practicantes del terror esseva appellate a defender lor actos; alcunos como Tallien, Barras, Fouché e [[Louis-Marie Stanislas Fréron]] se re-jungite al direction. Alteres como Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne, [[Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois|Collot d'Herbois]], [[Barère]] e [[Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier|Vadier]] esseva sententiate al exilio in America del Sud, ben que le ultime duo succedeva a evitar le arresto. Multe clubes jacobin esseva claudite. Le libertate de culto esseva extendite primo al [[Vendée]] e plus tarde a tote Francia. Le 24 de decembre 1794, le [[Maximum general]] (controles de precios e salarios) esseva abolite. Le governamento exacerbava iste movimento inflationari emittente plus [[assignats]]. In april e maio 1795, protestos e tumultos in supporto del radicales erumpeva, culminante in un invasion del convention per un turba insurrectionista le 20 de maio. Le 22 de maio le Convention colpa retro, habente truppas sub [[Pichegru]] cercante le [[Faubourg St-Antoine]] e fortiava le capitulation del rebelles armate. In maio e junio 1795, un "Terror Blanc" fureva in le qual le jacobinos esseva victimas e le judices esseva "moderatos" burgese.{{sfn|Durant|Durant|1975|p=84}} In tote Francia le eventos del [[Massacros de Septembre]] se repeteva; totevia iste vice le victimas esseva officiales prisionate del Terror. In Paris, sentimentos royalista esseva tolerate apertemente. Intertanto, le armeas francese invadeva le [[Republica de Hollanda]] e stabiliva le [[Republica Batave]], occupava le ripa leve del [[Rheno]] e fortiava [[Espania del Illustration|Espania]], le [[Regno de Prussia]] e plure [[Sacre Imperio Roman|Statos german]] a peter le pace, augmentante le prestigio del convention. Un nove constitution appellate le [[Constitution del Anno III]] esseva redigite le 22 de augusto 1795, lo que relaxava alcun del elementos democratic del [[constitution de 1793]], stabiliente un [[collegio electoral]] pro le election de officiales, un [[legislatura bicameral]] e altere provisiones designate pro proteger le detentores actual del poter. Le 5 de octobre ([[13 Vendémiaire]]), un revolta ducite per royalistas defiava le convention. Illo esseva reprimite per truppas ducite per le general [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] con "un buffo de mitralia". Le 25 de octobre le Convention se declarava dissolvite e esseva substituite per le Directorio le 2 de novembre 1795. == Altere usos del termino == Pro historiographos de movimentos revolutionari, le termino ''Thermidor'' ha venite a significar le phase in alcun revolutiones quando le poter glissa ex le manos del direction revolutionari original e un regimine radical es substituite per un regimine plus conservator, a vices usque al puncto ubi le pendulo politic pote retornar verso alique que resimila un stato pre-revolutionari.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Thermidor|title=Definition of THERMIDOR|author=|date=|website=www.merriam-webster.com|accessdate=1 May 2021}}</ref> [[Leon Trotsky]] in su libro ''[[Le Revolution Tradite]]'', allegava que le ascension de [[Joseph Stalin]] al poter esseva un Thermidor sovietic pro 'non restaurar le capitalismo', sed totevia esser un 'regression contra-revolutionari' intra le regimine del [[Union Sovietic|URSS]], proque Thermidor non restaurava un monarchia, etc. [[Marxismo–Leninismo|Marxista-leninistas]] e [[Stalinismo|stalinistas]] ha periodicamente arguite que le ascension de [[Nikita Khrushchev|Nikita Khrushchev]] al poter e le implementation del [[De-Stalinisation]] esseva le Thermidor del Union Sovietic.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Buttafava |first=Ubaldo |url=https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/italy/thermidor.pdf |title=Khrushchev's Thermidor – A contribution to the critical analysis concerning the USSR's return to capitalism |year=1997}}</ref> Un documento del [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] considerava que "[[Super le Culto del Personalitate e su Consequentias]]" de Khrushchev pote haber 'marcate le "Thermidor" del [[Revolution Russe]]'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anonymous CIA agent |title=Latest developments of the 'anti-Stalin' trend in international Communism, interpretation and possible exploitation |publisher=CIA |url=https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP80-01446R000100060019-1.pdf}}</ref> {{Referentias}} == Bibliographia == * {{cite journal |last=Brown |first=Howard G. |title=Robespierre's Tail: The Possibilities of Justice after the Terror |journal=Canadian Journal of History |date=2010 |volume=45 |number=3 |pages=503–536 |doi=10.3138/cjh.45.3.503 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200825093154/https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-253535156/robespierre-s-tail-the-possibilities-of-justice-after |url-access=subscription }} * {{cite book |last1=Durant |first1=Will |last2=Durant |first2=Ariel |title=The Age of Napoleon |url=https://archive.org/details/ageofnapoleonh00dura |publication-place=New York |publisher=Simon & Schuster |date=1975}} * {{Cite book |last=Sutherland |first=D.M.G. |date=2003 |title=The French Revolution and Empire: The Quest for a Civic Order|url=https://archive.org/details/frenchrevolution0000suth }} == Lectura ulterior == * Baczko, Bronislaw (1989), ''Comment sortir de la Terreur'' {{In lang|fr}}, Gallimard * Barthou, Louis (1926), ''Le neuf Thermidor'' {{In lang|fr}}, Hachette * {{cite book |last=Brunel |first=Françoise |title=Thermidor, la chute de Robespierre |publisher=Ed. Complexe |date=1989 |language=fr}} * Héricault, C. d' (1876) {{In lang|fr}}, ''La Révolution de Thermidor'', Didier * {{Cite book |last=Lefebvre |first=Georges |author-link=Georges Lefebvre |date=1937 |title=Les Thermidoriens |publisher=Armand Collin |lang=fr}} * {{cite book |last=Madelin |first=Louis |title=Fouché, de la Révolution à l'Empire |volume=1 |publisher=Nouveau Monde Editions |edition=Reedition |date=2002 |language=fr}} * {{cite journal |last=Linton |first=Marisa |title=Robespierre and the Terror |journal=History Today |date=August 2006 |volume=56 |issue=8 |pages=23–29 |url=http://www.historytoday.com/dt_main_allatonce.asp?gid=31771&aid=&tgid=&amid=30232604&g31771=x&g31763=x&g30026=x&g20991=x&g21010=x&g19965=x&g19963=x |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313181009/http://www.historytoday.com/dt_main_allatonce.asp?gid=31771&aid=&tgid=&amid=30232604&g31771=x&g31763=x&g30026=x&g20991=x&g21010=x&g19965=x&g19963=x |archive-date=2007-03-13 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313181009/http://www.historytoday.com/dt_main_allatonce.asp?gid=31771&aid=&tgid=&amid=30232604&g31771=x&g31763=x&g30026=x&g20991=x&g21010=x&g19965=x&g19963=x |date=2007-03-13 }} * {{cite book |date=1965 |orig-year=1931 |url=https://thecharnelhouse.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/pages-from-mat.pdf |title=After Robespierre: The Thermidorian Reaction |first=Albert |last=Mathiez |translator-first=Catherine Alison |translator-last=Phillips |publisher=Grosset & Dunlap |lccn=65-14385 |url-status=dead }} Traduction de {{cite book |first=Albert |last=Mathiez |date=1929 |title=La Reaction Thermidorienne |language=fr}} * {{cite book |last=Madelin |first=Louis |title=Fouché, de la Révolution à l'Empire |volume=1 |publisher=Nouveau Monde Editions |edition=Reedition |date=2002 |language=fr}} * {{cite book |url=https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/37837/9789004416451_webready_content_text.pdf |last=Koekkoek |first=René |date=2020 |title=The Citizenship Experiment Contesting the Limits of Civic Equality and Participation in the Age of Revolutions |series=Studies in the History of Political Thought |volume=15 |publication-place=Leiden |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-22570-1 |issn=1873-6548 |lccn=2019038014}} * {{cite book |last=Neely |first=Sylvia |title=A Concise History of the French Revolution |url=https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00neel |date=2008}} * {{cite book|last=Palmer |first=Robert Roswell |title=Twelve Who Ruled: The Year of Terror in the French Revolution |url=https://archive.org/details/twelvewhoruled0000unse |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |year=1941 |isbn=978-0-691-05119-2 |author-link=R.R. Palmer}} Un studio del [[Committee de Salute Public]]. * Saurel, Louis (1962), ''Le Jour où finit la Terreur''{{In lang|fr}} , Robert Laffont * {{cite book|author-link=Simon Schama|last=Schama|first=Simon|title=Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution|location=New York|publisher=Alfred A. Knopf|year=1989|isbn=978-0-394-55948-3|title-link=Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution}} Un conto revisionista. [[Category:Prime Republica Francese]] [[Category:Eventos de 1794 del Revolution Francese]] [[Category:Eventos de 1795 del Revolution Francese]] [[Category:Terminologia de revolution]] [[Category:Historiographia del Revolution Francese]] [[Category:Reactionari]] apxw259srh67d8d5jqs53hsdlvj82ee 0 59840 704192 699194 2026-10-13T02:46:31Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704192 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Revision}} {{Historia de India}} Le humanos anatomicamente moderne arrivava pro le prime vice al subcontinente indian inter 73.000 e 55.000 annos retro. Le plus ancian restos human cognoscite in Asia del Sud data a circa 30.000 annos retro. Le vita sedentari comenciava in Asia del Sud circa 7000 a.Chr.; per 4500 a.Chr., le vita fixate se habeva expandite, e gradualmente evolveva in le Civilisation del Valle del Indo, un del tres cuna de civilisation del Mundo Antique, que prosperava inter 2500 e 1900 a.Chr. in le hodierne Pakistan e nord-occidente de India. Al comenciamento del secunde millennio a.Chr., siccitate persistente causava le dispersion del population del Valle del Indo ab le grande centros urban verso villages. Tribus indo-aryan migrava ab Asia Central al Punjab in plure ondas. Le Periodo Vedic (1500–500 a.Chr.) esseva marcate per le composition de lor collectiones de hymnos (Vedas). Le structura social esseva stratificate in maniera flexibile per le systema de varna, que plus tarde se incorporava al systema actual de jāti. Le indo-aryanos, pastoral e nomade, se expandeva ab le Punjab verso le plano gangetic. Circa 600 a.Chr., un nove cultura interregional emergeva; parve principatos (janapadas) se consolidava in plus grande statos (mahajanapadas). Le secunde urbanisation occurreva, accompaniate per le ascesa de nove movimentos ascetic e conceptos religiose, includente Jainismo e Buddhismo. Le ultime se syncretisava con culturas religiose pre-existente, dando origine a Hinduismo. Chandragupta Maurya abatteva le Imperio Nanda e instaurava le prime grande imperio del India antique, le Imperio Maurya. Le rege Ashoka del Mauryas es ben recognoscite pro le violente Guerra de Kalinga, su acceptation historic de Buddhismo, e su effortios pro diffunder non-violentia e pace. Le Imperio Maurya collabava in 185 a.Chr., quando le imperator Brihadratha esseva assassinate per su general Pushyamitra Shunga, qui fundava le Imperio Shunga in le nord e nord-oriente del subcontinente. Simultanemente, le Regno Greco-Bactrian occupava le nord-occidente e creava le Regno Indo-Greco. Plure partes de India esseva regite per dynastias varie, inter illos le Imperio Gupta (seculos IV–VI EC). Iste periodo, marcate per un resurgentia religiose e intellectual hindu, es cognoscite como le Etate Classic o Etate Auree de India. Aspectos de civilisation, administration, cultura e religione indian se diffundeva a multo de Asia, producendo regnos indianisate e formante le notion de Grande India. Le evento plus significative inter le seculos VII e XI esseva le lucta tripartite pro Kannauj. In le sud de India, plure potentias imperial emergite ab le medio del quinto seculo; le dynastia Chola conquireva le sud de India in le seculo XI. Durante le periodo medieval precoce, le mathematica indian — includente le numeros hindu — influentiava le mathematica e astronomia del mundo arabic, e con illo nasceva le systema numeric hindu-arabic. Le conquestas islamic attingeva partes limitate de Afghanistan moderne e Sindh ja in le seculo VIII, sequite per le invasiones de Mahmud de Ghazni. Le Sultanato de Delhi, fundate in 1206 per turcos de Asia Central, regiva grande partes del nord de India in le seculo XIV, governate per dynastias turcic e afghan, inter illos le Tughlaq. Le imperio declinava verso le fin del seculo XIV post le invasiones de Timur, e emergeva nove sultanatos — Malwa, Gujarat, e Bahmani (iste ultime se divideva in 1518 in le cinque sultanatos del Deccan). Le ric Sultanato de Bengal emergeva etiam como un major potentia, durante plus que tres seculos. In le mesme periodo, forte regnos hindu como le Imperio Vijayanagara e le statos Rajput sub le Regno de Mewar exerceva rolos significative in le scena cultural e politic de India. Le periodo moderne precoce comenciava in le seculo XVI, quando le Imperio Mughal conquireva le major parte del subcontinente, initiate le proto-industrialisation e deveniente le plus grande potentia economic e manufacturari del mundo. Le Mughals declinava gradualmente in le seculo XVIII, principalmente a causa del crescentia potentia del Marathas e de numerose invasiones afghan. Le Compania del Indie Oriental Britannic, agente como un potentia quasi-soveran pro le governamento britannic, acquireva controlo de vaste territorios inter le medio del seculo XVIII e le medio del XIX. Su politicas portava al Rebellion Indian de 1857. Postea, India esseva regite directemente per le Corona Britannic como le Raj Britannic. Post le Prime Guerra Mundial, un lucta national pro independentia esseva lanceate per le Congresso National Indian sub Mahatma Gandhi. Plus tarde, le Liga Islamic Pan-Indian advocava pro un stato separate a majoritate musulman. In augusto 1947, le Imperio Britannic Indian esseva partitionate in le Dominio de India e le Dominio de Pakistan, ambes obtenente lor independentia. == Era prehistorical (ante circa 3300 a.Chr.) == === Paleolithic === Le expansion del hominides ab Africa es estimate haber attingite le subcontinente indian circa duo milliones de annos retro, e possibilemente ja usque a 2,2 milliones de annos retro.[26][27][28] Iste datation es basate super le presentia cognoscite de Homo erectus in Indonesia per 1,8 milliones de annos retro e in Asia Oriental per 1,36 milliones de annos retro, assi como le discoperta de instrumentos de petra a Riwat in Pakistan.[27][29] Ben que certe discopertas plus ancian ha essite clamate, le datas proponite, basate super le datation de sedimentos fluvial, non ha essite verificate independentemente.[28][30] Le plus ancian fossiles hominides del subcontinente indian es illos de Homo erectus o Homo heidelbergensis, del Valle de Narmada in India central, e es datate a circa medie million de annos retro.[27][30] Fossiles plus ancian ha essite clamate, ma es considerate non digne de fide.[30] Revisiones del evidentia archeologic ha suggerite que le occupation del subcontinente per homininos esseva sporadic usque a circa 700.000 annos retro, e esseva largemente diffundite geographicamente per circa 250.000 annos retro.[30][28] Secundo un demographo historic de Asia del Sud, Tim Dyson: {{Citation|Le humanos moderne—Homo sapiens—originava in Africa. Postea, intermittentemente, a un momento inter 60.000 e 80.000 annos retro, parve gruppos de illes comenciava entrar in le nord-occidente del subcontinente indian. Il pare probabile que initialmente illes veniva per le costa. Il es virtualmente certe que Homo sapiens esseva presente in le subcontinente 55.000 annos retro, mesmo si le plus ancian fossiles trovate de illes data solmente a circa 30.000 annos retro.[31]}} Secundo Michael D. Petraglia e Bridget Allchin: {{Citation|Datos del chromosoma-Y e del mtDNA supporta le colonisation de Asia del Sud per humanos moderne originante ab Africa. ... Le datas de coalescentia pro le majoritate del populationes non-europee varia inter circa 73–55 millennios retro.[32]}} Le historico de Asia del Sud, Michael H. Fisher, declara: {{Citation|Studios estima que le prime expansion succedose del extension de Homo sapiens foras de Africa e trans le Peninsula Arabic occurreva ab tanto tosto como 80.000 annos retro usque tanto tarde como 40.000 annos retro, ben que pote haber essite emigrationes non successful anterioremente. Alcunos de lor descendentes extendeva le extension human semper plus longe in cata generation, diffundente se in cata terra habitabile que illes incontrava. Un canal human esseva le terras costal calide e productive del Golfo Persic e del Oceano Indian septentrional. Eventualmente, varie bandos entrava in India inter 75.000 e 35.000 annos retro.[33]}} Evidentia archeologic ha essite interpretate como suggestion del presentia de humanos anatomicamente moderne in le subcontinente indian inter 78.000–74.000 annos retro,[34] ben que iste interpretation es disputate.[35][36] Le occupation de Asia del Sud per humanos moderne, initialmente in formas variate de isolation como cacciatores-collectores, lo ha convertite in un region de grande diversitate, secundari solmente a Africa in diversitate genetic human.[37] Secundo Tim Dyson: {{Citation|Le recerca genetic ha contribuite al cognoscentia del prehistoria del populos del subcontinente in altere respectos. In particular, le nivello de diversitate genetic in le region es extrememente elevate. De facto, solmente le population de Africa es geneticamente plus diverse. Relate a isto, il ha forte evidentia de eventos de “fundatores” in le subcontinente. Isto significa circumstantias ubi un subgruppo—tal como un tribo—deriva de un numero minime de individuos “original”. In plus, comparate con le majoritate del regiones mundial, le populos del subcontinente es relativemente distincte per haber practicate nivellos comparativemente elevate de endogamia.[37]}} === Neolithic === Le vita sedentari emergite in le subcontinente sur le margines occidental del alluvion del Fluvio Indo circa 9.000 annos retro, evolvente gradualmente in le Civilisation del Valle del Indo del tertie millennio a.Chr..[2][39] Secundo Tim Dyson: {{Citation|“Per 7.000 annos retro, le agricultura esseva firmemente establite in Baluchistan... [e] se diffundeva lentemente verso oriente in le valle del Indo.”}} Michael Fisher adde:[40] {{Citation|Le plus ancian exemplo discoperite ... de un societate agricole ben establite e sedentari es a Mehrgarh in le colles inter le Passo Bolan e le planicie del Indo (hodie in Pakistan) (vide Mappa 3.1). Ab tanto tosto como 7000 a.Chr., communitates ibi comenciava investir labor crescite in preparar le terra e in eliger, plantar, curar e recoltar particular plantas producente cereales. Illes etiam domesticava animales, includente ove, capras, porcos e boves (tanto zebu gibbone [Bos indicus] como non gibbone [Bos taurus]). Castrar boves, per exemplo, les transformava de fontes principalmente de carne a animales domestic de trahimento.[40]}} == Etate del Bronzo (circa 3300 – 1800 a.Chr.) == === Civilisation del Valle del Indo === Le Etate del Bronzo in le subcontinente indian comenciava circa 3300 a.Chr.. Le region del Valle del Indo esseva un del tres prime berços de civilisation in le Mundo Antique; le Civilisation del Valle del Indo esseva le plus expansive,[3] e a su apice poteva haber habite plus de cinque milliones de personas.[4] Le civilisation esseva primarimente centrate in le Pakistan moderne, in le basin del fluvio Indo, e secundarimente in le basin del fluvio Ghaggar-Hakra. Le civilisation matur del Indo prosperava ab circa 2600 usque a 1900 a.Chr., marcante le initio del civilisation urban in le subcontinente indian. Illo includeva citates tal como Harappa, Ganweriwal e Mohenjo-daro in le Pakistan moderne, e Dholavira, Kalibangan, Rakhigarhi e Lothal in le India moderne. [[File:Mohenjo-daro.jpg|thumb|Mohenjo-daro (un del plus grande citates del Indo). Vista del Grande Bano del sito, monstrante le disposition urban circumjacente.]] [[File:DHOLAVIRA SITE (24).jpg|thumb|right|Dholavira, un citate del Civilisation del Valle del Indo, con scalas a gradines pro attinger le nivello de aqua in reservatorios construite artificialmente.[41] <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Shuichi Takezawa|journal=Journal of Architecture and Building Science|volume=117|issue=1492|date=August 2002|page=24|url=http://news-sv.aij.or.jp/jabs/s1/jabs0208-019.pdf|title=Stepwells – Cosmology of Subterranean Architecture As Seen in Adalaj|access-date=18 November 2009}}</ref>]] [[File:The drainage system at Lothal 2.JPG|thumb|right|Restos archeologic de un sistema de escolamento del un lavatorio in Lothal.]] Le habitantes del ancian valle del fluvio Indo, le Harappanos, disveloppava nove technicas in metallurgia e artefactos manual, e produceva cupro, bronze, plumbum e stannio.[42] Le civilisation es notate pro su citates construite in ladrillos, e su systemas de evacuation al long de stratas, e on pensa que illo habeva alcun forma de organisation municipal. Le civilisation disveloppava etiam un scriptura del Indo, le plus ancian del scripturas indian antique, que es actualmente non decipherate.[43] Isto es le motivo proque le lingua harappana non es attestate directemente, e su affiliation resta incert.[44] [[File:Indus script.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Tres sigillos con su impressiones monstrante characteres del scriptura del Indo insimul con animales: unicornio (a sinistra), tauro (al centro) e elephante (a dextra); al Museo Guimet.]] Post le collapso del Civilisation del Valle del Indo, le habitantes emigrava ab le valles fluvial del Indo e del Ghaggar-Hakra verso le pede-montanias himalaian del basin del Ganga-Yamuna.[45] === Cultura de ceramica colorate de ocre === Durante le secunde millennio aEC, le Cultura del Ceramica colorate de ocre esseva presente in le region Doab inter le Ganga e le Yamuna. Illes esseva asentamentos rural con agricultura e chasse. Illes usava instrumentos de cupro, tal como hachas, hastas, flechas e spadas, e habeva animales domestic.[47] == Etate del Ferro (circa 1800 – 200 aEC) == === Periodo vedic (circa 1500 – 600 aEC) === Comenciante circa 1900 aEC, tribos indo-aryan se moveva in le Punjab ab Asia Central in plure ondas de migration.[48][49] Le periodo vedic es le tempore quando le Vedas esseva componite, collectiones de hymnos liturgic del populo indo-aryan. Le cultura vedic esseva localisate in un parte del nord-occidente de India, durante que altere partes de India habeva identitates cultural distincte. Plure regiones del subcontinente indian transiva ab le Chalcolithico al Etate del Ferro in iste periodo.[50] Le cultura vedic es describite in le textos del Vedas, ancora sacre pro le hindus, que esseva componite oralmente e transmittite in sanscrito vedic. Le Vedas es inter le plus ancian textos existente in India.[51] Le periodo vedic, que durava ab circa 1500 usque a 500 aEC,[52][53] contribuiva al fundation de plure aspectos cultural del subcontinente indian. ==== Societate vedic ==== Historicos ha analysate le Vedas pro postular un cultura vedic in le Punjab e in le alte Planicie Gangetic.[50] Le arbore Peepal e le vacca ja esseva sanctificate al tempore del Atharva Veda.[55] Multe del conceptos del philosophia indian elaborate plus tarde, como dharma, tracia lor radices a antecedentes vedic.[56] Le societate vedic primeve es describite in le Rigveda, le plus ancian texto vedic, que se crede haber essite compilate durante le secunde millennio aEC,[57][58] in le region nord-occidental del subcontinente indian.[59] A iste tempore, le societate aryan consisteva majormente de gruppos tribal e pastoral, distincte del civilisation urban harappan que habeva essite abandonate.[60] Le presentia indo-aryan primeve probabilemente corresponde, in parte, al Cultura del Ceramica colorate de ocre in contextos archaeologic.[61][62] Al fin del periodo rigvedic, le societate aryan se expandiva ab le region nord-occidental del subcontinente indian verso le planicie occidental del Ganges. Illo deveniva sempre plus agricole e esseva socialmente organisate circa le hierarchia del quatro varnas, o classes social.[63] Iste structura social se characterisava per le exclusion de alcunes del populos indigene per marcar lor occupationes como impure.[64] Durante iste periodo, multe del previe parve unitates tribal e principatos comenciava coalescer in Janapadas (politias monarchic de nivello estatal).[65] ==== Epicas sanskrit ==== Le epopeas sanscrit Ramayana e Mahabharata esseva componite durante iste periodo.[66] Le Mahabharata remane le plus longe poema unic in le mundo.[67] Historicos postulava anteriormente un “etate epic” como le ambiente de iste duo epopeas, ma hodie illes recognosce que le textos passava per multiple stadios de developpamento durante seculos.[68] Le textos existente de iste epopeas se crede pertiner al etate post-vedic, inter circa 400 aEC e 400 EC.[68][69] ==== Janapadas ==== Le Etate del Ferro in le subcontinente indian, ab circa 1200 aEC usque al 6te seculo aEC, es definite per le ascension del Janapadas, que esseva regiones, republicas e regnos—notabilmente le regnos del ferro de Kuru, Panchala, Kosala e Videha.[70][71] Le Regno de Kuru (circa 1200–450 aEC) esseva le prime societate de nivello estatal del periodo vedic, correspondente al initio del Etate del Ferro in India nord-occidental, circa 1200–800 aEC,[72] assi como al composition del Atharvaveda.[73] Le stato de Kuru organisava le hymnos vedic in collectiones e disveloppava le ritual śrauta pro mantener le ordine social.[73] Duo figuras clave del stato de Kuru esseva le rege Parikshit e su successore Janamejaya, qui transformava iste regno in le potentia politic, social e cultural dominante de India septentrional.[73] Quando le regno de Kuru declinava, le centro del cultura vedic se transferiva a lor vicinos oriental, le regno de Panchala.[73] Le cultura archaeologic PGW (Painted Grey Ware), que prosperava in le regiones de Haryana e Uttar Pradesh occidental in India nord-oriental ab circa 1100 aEC usque a 600 aEC,[61] se crede corresponder al regnos de Kuru e Panchala.[73][74] Durante le Periodo Vedic Tardive, le regno de Videha emergeva como un nove centro de cultura vedic, situate ancora plus a oriente (in lo que hodie es Nepal e le stato de Bihar);[62] illo attingeva su prominentia sub le rege Janaka, cuje corteva dava patronato a sages e philosophos brahmin como Yajnavalkya, Aruni e Gārgī Vāchaknavī.[75] Le parte posterior de iste periodo correspondeva al consolidation de statos e regnos sempre plus grande, appellate Mahajanapadas, trans India septentrional. === Secunde urbanisation (circa 600 – 200 aEC) === Le periodo inter 800 e 200 aEC vide le formation del movimento Śramaṇa, del qual le jainismo e le buddhismo originava. Le prime Upanishads esseva scribite durante iste periodo. Post 500 aEC, le assi-dicite "secunde urbanisation"[nota 1] comenciava, con nove installationes urban emergente in le planitie del Gange. Le fundationes pro iste "secunde urbanisation" esseva ponite ante 600 aEC, in le cultura del Ceramica Gris Picturate (PGW) del Ghaggar-Hakra e del alte planitie del Gange; ben que le major parte del sitos PGW esseva parve villages agricole, "alcun dezenas" de sitos PGW finalmente emergeva como installationes relativemente grande que pote esser characterisate como citates, le plus grande del qual esseva fortificate per fossatos o fossas e terraplenos facite de terra amassate con palissadas de ligno. Le planitie central del Gange, ubi Magadha ganiava prominentia, formante le base del Imperio Maurya, esseva un area cultural distincte, con nove statos emergente post 500 aEC. Illo esseva influentiate per le cultura vedic, ma differeva marcatemente del region Kuru-Panchala. Illo "esseva le area del prime cultivation cognoscite de riz in le Asia del Sud, e per 1800 aEC esseva le loco de un population neolitic avantiate associate con le sitos de Chirand e Chechar". In iste region, le movimentos Śramaṇic floresceva, e le jainismo e le buddhismo originava. ==== Buddhismo e jainismo ==== Le periodo inter 800 a.C. e 400 a.C. vide le composition del plus ancian Upanishads, que forma le base theoretic del hinduismo classic, e que es etiam cognoscite como le Vedanta (conclusion del Vedas). Le crescenti urbanisation de India in le septime e sexte seculos a.C. portava al apparition de nove movimentos ascetic o "Śramaṇa", que contestava le orthodoxia del rituales. Mahavira (ca. 599–527 a.C.), propugnator del jainismo, e Gautama Buddha (ca. 563–483 a.C.), fundator del buddhismo, esseva le plus eminente figuras de iste movimento. Le Śramaṇa generava le concepto del ciclo de nascentia e morte, le concepto de samsara, e le concepto de liberation. Buddha trovava un Via Medie que mitigava le ascetismo extrem trovate in le religiones Śramaṇa. Circa le mesme tempore, Mahavira (le 24e Tirthankara in jainismo) propagava un theologia que postea deveniva jainismo. Totevia, le orthodoxia jainista crede que le doctrinas del Tirthankaras precedeva omne tempore cognoscite, e studiosos crede que Parshvanatha (ca. 872–772 a.C.), considerate como le 23e Tirthankara, esseva un figura historic. On crede que le Vedas documentava alcun Tirthankaras e un ordine ascetic simile al movimento Śramaṇa. ==== Mahajanapadas ==== Le periodo ab circa 600 a.C. usque circa 300 a.C. esseva marcate per le ascension del Mahajanapadas, dece-sex regnos potente e republicas oligarchic in un banda que se extendeva ab Gandhara in le nord-occidente usque a Bengal in le parte oriental del subcontinente indian — includente partes del region trans-Vindhya. Textos buddhista ancian, como le Aṅguttara Nikāya, face frequente referentia a iste dece-sex grande regnos e republicas — Anga, Assaka, Avanti, Chedi, Gandhara, Kashi, Kamboja, Kosala, Kuru, Magadha, Malla, Matsya (o Machcha), Panchala, Surasena, Vṛji, e Vatsa. Iste periodo videva le secunde major ascension de urbanismo in India post le civilisation del Valle de Indo. Le prime “republicas” o gaṇasaṅgha, como le Shakyas, Koliyas, Mallakas, e Licchavis, habeva governamentos republican. Le gaṇasaṅghas, como le Mallakas, con centro in le citate de Kusinagara, e le Liga Vajji, con centro in le citate de Vaishali, existeva ja in le sexte seculo a.C. e persisteva in alcun areas usque al quarte seculo p.C. Le plus famose clan inter le clans confederate dominante del Vajji Mahajanapada esseva le Licchavis. Iste periodo corresponde, in un contexto archaeologic, al cultura del Northern Black Polished Ware. Focalisate specialmente in le plano del Ganges Central ma etiam expandente se trans vaste areas del subcontinente indian septentrional e central, iste cultura se characterisava per le emergentia de grande citates con fortificationes massives, un augmento significative del population, major stratification social, rete de commercio extensive, construction de architectura public e canales de aqua, industrias de artesanato specialisate, un systema de pesos, monetas signate per punctos, e le introduction del scriptura in forma del alphabeto Brahmi e Kharosthi. Le lingua del nobilitate in ille tempore esseva le sanscrito, durante que le linguas del population general del India septentrional es referite como Prakritos. Multes del dece-sex regnos habeva se fusionate in quatro majorios al tempore de Gautama Buddha. Iste quatro esseva Vatsa, Avanti, Kosala, e Magadha. ==== Dynastias Maghada temporan ==== Magadha formava un del dece-sex Mahajanapadas (sanskrito: “Grande Regnos”) in India ancian. Le nucleo del regno esseva le region de Bihar al sud del Ganges; su prime capital esseva Rajagriha (moderne Rajgir) e postea Pataliputra (moderne Patna). Magadha se expandava a includer la major parte de Bihar e Bengal con le conquista de Licchavi e Anga respectivemente, sequite per grande partes de Uttar Pradesh oriental e Orissa. Le regno ancian de Magadha es frequentemente mentionate in textos jainista e buddhista. Illo es etiam mentionate in le Ramayana, le Mahabharata e le Puranas. Le plus ancian referentia al populos de Magadha appare in le Atharva-Veda, ubi illes es listate insimul con le Angas, Gandharis, e Mujavats. Magadha habeva un rolo importante in le disveloppamento del jainismo e del buddhismo. Communitates republican (como le communitate de Rajakumara) esseva integrate in le regno de Magadha. Le villages habeva lor proprie assemblate sub lor chefes local, appellate Gramakas. Lor administrationes esseva dividite in functiones executive, judicial, e militar. Fontes ancian, del Canon Pāli buddhista, del Agamas jainista e del Puranas hindu, mentiona que Magadha esseva regite per le dynastia Pradyota e le dynastia Haryanka (ca. 544–413 a.C.) durante circa 200 annos, ca. 600–413 a.C. Rege Bimbisara del dynastia Haryanka conduceva un politica active e expansionista, conquistante Anga in lo que hodie es Bihar oriental e Bengal Occidental. Rege Bimbisara esseva depellite e occidite per su filio, Principe Ajatashatru, qui continuava le politica expansionista de Magadha. Durante iste periodo, Gautama Buddha, le fundator del buddhismo, viveva grande parte de su vita in le regno de Magadha. Ille attingeva illumination in Bodh Gaya, dava su prime sermone in Sarnath e le prime concilio buddhista esseva tenite in Rajagriha. Le dynastia Haryanka esseva depellite per le dynastia Shaishunaga (ca. 413–345 a.C.). Le ultime rege Shishunaga, Kalasoka, esseva assassinate per Mahapadma Nanda in 345 a.C., le prime del assi appellate Novem Nandas (Mahapadma Nanda e su octo filios). ==== Imperio Nanda e campania de Alexandro Magne ==== Le Imperio Nanda (ca. 345–322 a.C.), a su apice, se extendeva ab Bengal in le oriente usque al Punjab in le occidente e tanto sud como le catena Vindhya. Le dynastia Nanda se basava super le fundationes ponite per lor predecessores Haryanka e Shishunaga. Le imperio Nanda habeva construite un exercito immense, consistente de 200.000 infanteros, 20.000 cavalleros, 2.000 carros de guerra e 3.000 elephantes de guerra (secundo le estimationes plus basse). ==== Imperio Maurya ==== Le Imperio Maurya (322–185 a.C.) unificava le major parte del subcontinente indian in un sol stato, e esseva le plus grande imperio que jam existiva in le subcontinente. Al sue extension maxime, le Imperio Maurya se extendeva al nord usque al limites natural del Himalayas e al oriente in lo que hodie es Assam. Al occidente, illo attingeva ultra le Pakistan moderne, usque al montes Hindu Kush in lo que hodie es Afghanistan. Le imperio esseva establite per Chandragupta Maurya con le assistentia de Chanakya (Kautilya) in Magadha (in le moderne Bihar), quando ille depellite le Imperio Nanda. Chandragupta rapidemente expandiva su poter verso le occidente trans India central e occidental, e per 317 a.C. le imperio habeva jam completemente occupate le India nord-occidental. Le Imperio Maurya batteva Seleucus I, fundator del Imperio Seleucida, durante le guerra Seleucida–Maurya, e assi ganava territorio additional a occidente del Fluvio Indo. Le filio de Chandragupta, Bindusara, succedeva al throno circa 297 a.C. Al tempore de su morte circa 272 a.C., un grande parte del subcontinente esseva sub la suzeranitate Maurya. Totevia, le region de Kalinga (circa le moderne Odisha) remaneva foras del controlo Maurya, forsan interferente con le commercio verso le sud. Porta sculptate Maurya de Lomas Rishi, un del Grottas Barabar, circa 250 a.C. Bindusara esseva succedite per Ashoka, cujo regno durava usque a su morte circa 232 a.C. Su campania contra le Kalingas circa 260 a.C., ben que victoriose, causava immense perdas de vita e miseria. Isto induceva Ashoka a repudiar le violentia e subsequente a adopter le buddhismo. Post su morte, le imperio comenciava declinar, e le ultime regnator Maurya, Brihadratha, esseva assassinate per Pushyamitra Shunga pro establir le Imperio Shunga. Sub Chandragupta Maurya e su successores, commercio interne e externe, agricultura, e activitates economic prosperava e se expandava trans India gratias al creation de un systema unic e efficiente de finantias, administration e securitate. Le Mauryas construiva le Grande Strata Troncal, un del plus ancian e longe vias major de Asia, que connecteva le subcontinente indian con Asia Central. Post le Guerra de Kalinga, le Imperio experimentava quasi medie seculo de pace e securitate sub Ashoka. India Maurya etiam frueva un era de harmonia social, transformation religiose, e expansion del cognoscentia scientific. Le adoption del jainismo per Chandragupta favoriva renovation e reformation social e religiose, durante que le adoption del buddhismo per Ashoka es considerate como le fundamento de un regno de pace social e politic e de non-violentia in India. Ashoka patrocinava missiones buddhista trans le Indo-Mediterraneo, in Sri Lanka, Asia del Sud-Est, Asia Occidental, Africa del Nord, e Europa Mediterranee. Le Arthashastra, scribite per Chanakya, e le Edictos de Ashoka es le principal fontes scribite del epocha Maurya. Archaeologicamente, iste periodo pertine al era del Northern Black Polished Ware. Le Imperio Maurya esseva fundate super un economia e societate moderne e efficiente, in le qual le vendita de mercantias esseva strictemente regulata per le governamento. Ben que bancas non existeva in le societate Maurya, le usura esseva costume. Un numero significative de documentos referente al sclavitude es trovate, suggerente su prevalentia. Durante iste periodo, un acier de alte qualitate, appellate acier Wootz, esseva disveloppate in India meridional e postea exportate a China e Arabia. ==== Periodo Sangam ==== Durante le periodo Sangam, le litteratura tamil floriva ab le 3e seculo a.C. usque al 4e seculo p.C. Tres dynastias tamil, cognoscite collectivemente como le Tres Reges Coronate de Tamilakam: le dynastia Chera, le dynastia Chola e le dynastia Pandya, regnava partes del India meridional. Le litteratura Sangam tracta del historia, politica, guerras e cultura del populo tamil de iste periodo. Divergente del scriptores sanskritic, qui esseva majormente brahmines, le autores del Sangam proveniva de classes e fundos social varie e esseva in le major parte non-brahmines. Circa 300 a.C. – 200 p.C., le Pathupattu, un anthologia de dece collectiones de libros de medio extension, considerate como parte del litteratura Sangam, esseva componite; equalmente le composition del octo anthologias poetic Ettuthogai, como etiam le composition del dece-octo obras poetic minor Patiṉeṇkīḻkaṇakku; durante que le Tolkāppiyam, le plus ancian obra grammatical in lingua tamil, esseva elaborate. Etiam durante le periodo Sangam, duo del Cinquante Grande Epicos del Litteratura Tamil esseva componite. Ilango Adigal componeva le Silappatikaram, un obra non-religiose que revolve circa Kannagi; e le Manimekalai, componite per Chithalai Chathanar, es un sequela del Silappatikaram e narra le historia del filia de Kovalan e Madhavi, qui deveniva un bhikkhuni buddhista. == Periodo classic (circa 200 aEC – 650 EC) == Le tempore inter le Imperio Maurya in le 3e seculo a.C. e le fin del Imperio Gupta in le 6e seculo p.C. es referite como le periodo “Classic” de India. Le Imperio Gupta (4e–6e seculo) es considerate como le Etate Auree de India, ben que multe regnos diverse regnava super India in iste seculos. Equalmente, le litteratura Sangam floriva ab le 3e seculo a.C. usque al 3e seculo p.C. in India meridional. Durante iste periodo, on estima que le economia de India esseva le plus grande del mundo, representate inter un tertio e un quarto del ricchessa mundial, ab 1 p.C. usque 1000 p.C. === Prime periodo classic (circa 200 aEC – 320 EC) === ==== Imperio Shunga ==== Le Shungas originava de Magadha e controlava grande areas del subcontinente indian central e oriental ab circa 187 usque 78 a.C. Le dynastia esseva establite per Pushyamitra Shunga, qui depellite le ultime imperator Maurya. Su capital esseva Pataliputra, ma posteriores imperatores, como Bhagabhadra, habeva etiam corte in Vidisha (hodie Besnagar). Pushyamitra Shunga regnava per 36 annos e esseva succedite per su filio Agnimitra. Il habeva dece regnatores Shunga. Totevia, post le morte de Agnimitra, le imperio rapidemente se disintegrava; inscriptiones e monetas indica que grande partes del India septentrional e central consisteva de parve regnos e citates-statos que esseva independente de omne hegemonia Shunga. Le imperio es notate pro su numerose guerras con poteres tanto estrange como indigene. Illes combatteva contra le dynastia Mahameghavahana de Kalinga, le dynastia Satavahana del Deccan, le Indo-Grecos, e forsan le Panchalas e Mitras de Mathura. Artes, education, philosophia, e altere formas de erudition floriva durante iste periodo, includente monumentos architectonic como le Stupa de Bharhut e le renominate Grande Stupa de Sanchi. Le regnatores Shunga adjuvava a establir le tradition del patrocinio regal del erudition e del arte. Le scriptura usate per le imperio esseva un variante del Brahmi e esseva usate pro scriber le lingua sanskrit. Le Imperio Shunga habeva un rolo imperative in le patronato del cultura indian in un periodo quando alcun del plus importante disveloppamentos del pensamento hindu habeva loco. ==== Imperio Satavahana ==== Le Śātavāhanas habeva su base in Amaravati in Andhra Pradesh, assi ben como in Junnar (Pune) e Prathisthan (Paithan) in Maharashtra. Le territorio del imperio comprendeva grande partes del India a partir del prime seculo a.C. Le Sātavāhanas comenciava como vassallos del dynastia Maurya, ma declarava independentia con su declino. Le Sātavāhanas es cognoscite pro lor patronato del hinduismo e del buddhismo, lo que resultava in monumentos buddhista ab Ellora (un sito de patrimonio mundial de UNESCO) usque a Amaravati. Illes esseva inter le prime estados indian que emetteva monetas con le effigie de lor reges. Illes formava un ponte cultural e exerceva un rolo vital in le commercio, assi como in le transferentia de ideas e cultura inter le planitia indo-gangetic e le extremo meridional del India. Illes debeva rivalisar con le Imperio Shunga e postea con le dynastia Kanva de Magadha pro establir lor dominio. Plus tarde, illes habeva un rolo crucial in proteger grande partes del India contra invasores estrange, como le Sakas, Yavanas e Pahlavas. In particular, lor luctas con le Kshatrapas Occidental durava multe tempore. Le reges notabile del dynastia Satavahana, Gautamiputra Satakarni e Sri Yajna Sātakarni, poteva vincer le invasores estrange como le Kshatrapas Occidental e impedir lor expansion. In le tertie seculo d.C., le imperio se divideva in estados plus micre. ==== Comercio e viages a India ==== Le commercio de species in Kerala attirava negotiatores de tote le Mundo Antique a India. Le porto sud-occidental de Muziris in India habeva establite se como un centro major del commercio de species jam desde circa 3000 aEC, secundo documentos sumeric. Negotiatores judaic arrivava a Kochi, Kerala, India jam circa 562 aEC. Le mundo greco-roman se implicava in commercio per le ruta del incenso e le itinerarios inter Roma e India. Durante le 2e seculo aEC, naves grec e indian se incontrava pro commerciare in portos arabic como Aden. Durante le prime millennio, le rutas maritime a India esseva controlate per le indianos e le aethiopes, que deveniva le potentia commercial maritime del Mar Rubie. Negotiatores indianos implicate in le commercio de species portava le cuisine indian a Asia del Sud-Est, ubi mixturas de species e currys deveniva popular inter le habitantes indigene. Le buddhismo entrava in China per le Ruta del Seta durante le 1e o 2e seculo EC. Le institutiones religiose hindu e buddhista de Asia del Sud e Sud-Est deveniva centros de production e commercio, pois que illos accumulava capitale donate per patronos. Illos se dedicava al administration de terras, al artesania, e al commercio. In particular, le buddhismo viagiava insimul con le commercio maritime, promovente le litteratura, le arte, e le uso de moneta. ==== Imperio Kushan ==== Le Imperio Kushan se expandiva desde lo que hodie es Afghanistan verso le nord-occidente del subcontinente indian sub le direction de lor prime imperator, Kujula Kadphises, circa le medietate del 1e seculo EC. Le Kushans esseva possibilemente un tribo parlante tocharic, un del cinque ramos del confederation Yuezhi. Al tempore de su nepote, Kanishka le Grande, le imperio se extendeva pro includer grande partes de Afghanistan, e postea le regiones septentrional del subcontinente indian. Imperator Kanishka esseva un grande patrono del buddhismo; tamen, quando le Kushans se expandiva verso le sud, le deitates de lor monetage posterior reflecteva le nove majoritate hindu. Le historico Vincent Smith diceva re Kanishka: {{Citation|Ille jocava le rolo de un secunde Ashoka in le historia del buddhismo.}} Le imperio connecteva le commercio maritime del Oceano Indian con le commercio del Ruta del Seta trans le valle del Indo, incoragiante commercio a longe distantia, in particular inter China e Roma. Le Kushans portava nove tendentias al arte emergente e florente de Gandhara e Mathura, que attingeva su apice durante le regno kushan. Le periodo de pace sub regno kushan es cognoscite como Pax Kushana. Per le 3e seculo, lor imperio in India se disintegrava, e lor ultime grande imperator cognoscite esseva Vasudeva I. === Periodo classic (circa 320 – 650 EC) === ==== Imperio Gupta ==== Le periodo Gupta esseva notate pro su creativitate cultural, specialmente in litteratura, architectura, sculptura, e pictura. Le era Gupta produceva eruditos como Kalidasa, Aryabhata, Varahamihira, Vishnu Sharma, e Vatsyayana. Iste periodo marcava un puncto de inflexion in le cultura indian: le Guptas executava sacrificios vedic pro legitimar lor regno, ma illos etiam patronava le buddhismo, un alternative al orthodoxia brahmanic. Le expeditiones militar del prime tres reges – Chandragupta I, Samudragupta, e Chandragupta II – portava grande partes de India sub lor dominio. Scientia e administration politic attingeva nove altitudes durante le era Gupta. Forte ligamines commercial etiam faceva del region un centro cultural importante e lo establiva como un base que influentiava regnos e regiones vicin. Le periodo de pace sub regno Gupta es cognoscite como Pax Gupta. Le Guptas posterior resisteva con successo al regnos nord-occidental usque al arrivata del Hunos Alchon, que se establiva in Afghanistan in le prime medietate del 5e seculo EC, con lor capital a Bamiyan. Tamen, grande partes del sud de India, includente Deccan, remaneva in grande parte intacte per iste eventos. ==== Imperio Vākāṭaka ==== Le Imperio Vākāṭaka originava del Deccan in le medio del 3e seculo EC. On crede que lor stato se extendeva ab le marges meridional de Malwa e Gujarat in le nord usque al fluvio Tungabhadra in le sud, e ab le Mar Arabic in le occidente usque al limites de Chhattisgarh in le oriente. Illes esseva le plus importante successores del Satavahanas in le Deccan, contemporaneos del Guptas in le nord de India, e succedite per le dynastia Vishnukundina. Le Vakatakas es notate como patronos del artes, architectura e litteratura. Le viharas e chaityas buddhista excidite in roca del Grottas de Ajanta (Patrimonio del Humanitate UNESCO) esseva construite sub le patronato del imperator Vakataka, Harishena. ==== Regno de Kamarupa ==== Le inscription del columna de Allahabad de Samudragupta (4e seculo) mentiona Kamarupa (Assam Occidental) e Davaka (Assam Central) como regnos de fronteira del Imperio Gupta. Davaka esseva plus tarde absorbite per Kamarupa, que cresceva in un grande regno que se extendeva ab le fluvio Karatoya usque al vicinitates de Sadiya hodierne, e cobria tote le valle del Brahmaputra, Nord Bengal, partes de Bangladesh e, a vices, Purnea e partes de Bengal Occidental. Illo esseva regite per tres dynastias – Varmanas (c. 350–650 EC), dynastia Mlechchha (c. 655–900 EC) e Kamarupa-Palas (c. 900–1100 EC) – ab lor capitales in le moderne Guwahati (Pragjyotishpura), Tezpur (Haruppeswara) e Nord Guwahati (Durjaya). Tote tres dynastias clamava descender de Narakasura. Durante le regno del rege Varman Bhaskar Varman (c. 600–650 EC), le viagiator chinese Xuanzang visitava le region e registrava su viages. Plus tarde, post le debilitamento e disintegration (post le Kamarupa-Palas), le tradition Kamarupa esseva prolongate usque circa 1255 EC per le dynastias Lunar I (c. 1120–1185 EC) e Lunar II (c. 1155–1255 EC). Le regno de Kamarupa finiva in le medio del 13e seculo quando le dynastia Khen sub Sandhya de Kamarupanagara (Nord Guwahati) transferiva su capital a Kamatapur (Nord Bengal) post le invasion del Turcos musulman, e establiva le regno de Kamata. ==== Imperio Pallava ==== Le Pallavas, inter le 4e e le 9e seculos, esseva, insimul con le Guptas del nord, grande patronos del developpamento del sanscrito in le sud del subcontinente indian. Le regno Pallava videva le prime inscriptiones sanscrit in un scriptura appellate Grantha. Le Pallavas precoce habeva differentes connexiones con le paises de Asia del Sud-Est. Illes usava architectura dravidian pro construir importante templos e academias hindu in Mamallapuram, Kanchipuram e altere locos; lor regno videva le emergentia de grande poetas. Le practica de dedicar templos a differente deitates deveniva commun, sequite per un stilo artistic fine de architectura e sculptura de templos secundo le Vastu Shastra. Le Pallavas attingeva le apice de lor potentia durante le regno de Mahendravarman I (571–630 EC) e Narasimhavarman I (630–668 EC) e dominava le regiones telugu e septentrional del region tamil usque al fin del 9e seculo. ==== Imperio Kadamba ==== Le Kadambas originava de Karnataka e esseva fundate per Mayurasharma in 345 EC, que plus tarde monstrava potential de devenir un imperio. Rege Mayurasharma deligeva le exercitos del Pallavas de Kanchi, probabilemente con adjuta de alcun tribos indigene. Le fama Kadamba attingeva su apice durante le regno de Kakusthavarma, un rege notabile con le quales le reges del Dynastia Gupta del nord de India cultivava alliantias matrimonial. Le Kadambas esseva contemporaneos del Dynastia Ganga Occidental, e insimul illes formava le prime regnos indigene que regnava le terra con autonomia absolute. Le dynastia plus tarde continuava regnar como feudatorios de plus grande imperios kannada, le Chalukyas e le Rashtrakutas, durante plus de cinquecentos annos, durante le qual illes se ramificava in minor dynastias (Kadambas de Goa, Kadambas de Halasi e Kadambas de Hangal). ==== Imperio de Harsha ==== Harsha regnava le nord de India inter 606 e 647 EC. Ille esseva filio de Prabhakarvardhana e fratre juvene de Rajyavardhana, membros del dynastia Vardhana que regnava Thanesar (in Haryana hodierne). Post le crollo del Imperio Gupta in le medio del 6e seculo, le nord de India retornava a plus parve republicas e statos monarchic. Le vacuo de potentia resultava in le ascension del Vardhanas de Thanesar, que comenciava unificar le republicas e monarchias ab Punjab usque al India central. Post le morte del patre e fratre de Harsha, representantes del imperio coronava Harsha como imperator in april 606 EC, dando le titulo Maharaja. Al apice, su Imperio cobria grande partes del nord e nord-occidente de India, se extendeva al oriente usque a Kamarupa, e al sud usque al fluvio Narmada; finalmente ille faceva Kannauj (in Uttar Pradesh hodierne) su capital, e regnava usque 647 EC. Le pace e prosperitate que prevaleva rendeva su corte un centro de cosmopolitanismo, attirante eruditos, artistas e visitantes religiose. Durante iste tempore, Harsha se convertiva al buddhismo ab le culto de Surya. Le viagiator chinese Xuanzang visitava le corte de Harsha e scribeva un relato multo favorabile de ille, laudante su justitia e generositate. Su biographia Harshacharita (“Factos de Harsha”), scribite per le poeta sanscrit Banabhatta, describe su association con Thanesar e le palatio con un Dhavalagriha (Mansion Blanc) a duo etages. == Periodo medieval primeve (circa 650 – 1200) == Le India medieval precoce comenciava post le fin del Imperio Gupta in le 6e seculo EC. Iste periodo etiam include le “Etate Classic Tardive” del hinduismo, que initiava post le crollo del Imperio de Harsha in le 7e seculo e terminava in le 13e seculo con le ascension del Sultanato de Delhi in le nord de India; le comenciamento del Kannauj Imperial, que conduceva al lucta tripartite; e le fin del Cholas Posterior con le morte de Rajendra Chola III in 1279 in le sud de India; tamen, certe aspectos del periodo classic continuava usque al cadita del Imperio Vijayanagara in le sud circa le 17e seculo. Del 5e usque al 13e seculo, le sacrificios Śrauta declinava, e le supporto pro Shaivismo, Vaishnavismo e Shaktismo se expandiva in le cortes regal, durante que le supporto pro buddhismo declinava. Le manco de attraction inter le massas rural, que in vice adoptava le hinduismo brahmanic formate in le synthese hindu, e le reduction del supporto economic ab le communitates commercial e le elites regal, esseva factores major in le declino del buddhismo. In le 7e seculo, Kumārila Bhaṭṭa formulava su schola del philosophia Mīmāṃsā e defendeva le position del rituales vedic. Del 8e al 10e seculo, tres dynastias se disputava le controlo del nord de India: le Gurjara-Pratiharas de Malwa, le Palas de Bengal, e le Rashtrakutas del Deccan. Plus tarde, le dynastia Sena assumeva le controlo del Imperio Pala; le Gurjara-Pratiharas se fragmentava in varie statos, notabilemente le Regno de Malwa, le Regno de Bundelkhand, le Regno de Dahala, le Tomaras de Haryana, e le Regno de Sambhar – statos que esseva inter le prime regnos Rajput – durante que le Rashtrakutas esseva annexate per le Chalukyas Occidental. In iste periodo emergeva le dynastia Chaulukya; le Chaulukyas construiva le Templos de Dilwara, le Templo del Sol de Modhera, e Rani ki vav in le stilo de architectura Māru-Gurjara, e lor capital Anhilwara (hodie Patan, Gujarat) esseva una del plus grande citates del subcontinente indian, con un population estimate a circa 100.000 circa le anno 1000. Le Imperio Chola emergeva como un potentia major durante le regnos de Raja Raja Chola I e Rajendra Chola I, que con successo invadeva partes de Asia del Sud-Est e Sri Lanka in le 11e seculo. Lalitaditya Muktapida (r. 724–760) esseva un imperator del dynastia Karkoṭa de Kashmir, que exerceva influentia in le nord-occidente de India ab 625 usque 1003, e que esseva sequite per le dynastia Lohara. Kalhana, in su Rajatarangini, attribueva al rege Lalitaditya un campania militar aggressive in India Septentrional e Asia Central. Le dynastia Hindu Shahi regnava partes de Afghanistan oriental, Pakistan septentrional, e Kashmir ab le medio del 7e seculo usque al initio del 11e seculo. In Odisha, le Imperio Ganga Oriental ascendeva al potentia; illo esseva notate pro le progressos in architectura hindu – specialmente le Templo de Jagannath e le Templo del Sol de Konark – e etiam como patrono del arte e litteratura. === Dynastia Gupta tardive === Le dynastia del Guptas Posterior regnava le region de Magadha in India oriental inter le 6e e 7e seculos EC. Le Guptas Posterior succedeva al Guptas imperial como regentes de Magadha, ma il non ha evidentia que connecte le duo dynastias; illos pare esser duo familias distincte. Illes es appellate Guptas Posterior proque le nomines de lor reges terminava con le suffixo “-gupta”, que illes poterea haber adoptate pro presentar se como le legitime successores del Guptas imperial. === Imperio Chalukya === Le Imperio Chalukya regnava grande partes del India meridional e central inter le 6e e le 12e seculos, como tres dynastias interrelatate ma distincte. Le prime dynastia, cognoscite como le Chalukyas de Badami, regnava ab Vatapi (hodie Badami) desde le medio del 6e seculo. Le Chalukyas de Badami comenciava affirmar lor independentia durante le declino del regno Kadamba de Banavasi, e rapidemente ascendeva al prominentia durante le regno de Pulakeshin II. Le regno del Chalukyas marca un momento fundamental in le historia del India meridional e un etate auree in le historia de Karnataka. Le atmosfera politic in le sud de India cambiava de plus parve regnos a grande imperios con le ascension del Chalukyas de Badami. Un regno basate in India meridional prendeva controlo e consolidava le integre region inter le fluvios Kaveri e Narmada. Le ascension de iste imperio videva le nascentia de un administration efficiente, commercio transmarin e mercatura, e le disveloppamento de un nove stilo de architectura appellate architectura Chalukya. Le dynastia Chalukya regnava partes de India meridional e central ab Badami in Karnataka inter 550 e 750, e de novo ab Kalyani inter 970 e 1190. === Imperio Rashtrakuta === Fundate per Dantidurga circa 753, le Imperio Rashtrakuta regnava ab su capital a Manyakheta durante quasi duo seculos. Al apice, le Rashtrakutas regnava ab le Doab del Gange-Yamuna in le nord usque a Capo Comorin in le sud, un periodo fructuose de realisationes architectonic e litterari. Le prime regentes de iste dynastia esseva hindus, ma le regentes posterior esseva fortemente influentiate per le jainismo. Govinda III e Amoghavarsha esseva le plus famose inter le longe linea de administratores capace producite per iste dynastia. Amoghavarsha esseva etiam un autor e scribiva Kavirajamarga, le prime obra cognoscite in kannada super poetic. Architectura attingeva un puncto culminante in le stilo dravidian, del qual le exemplo le plus excellente se vide in le Templo Kailasanath a Ellora. Alteres contributiones importante es le templo Kashivishvanatha e le templo jain Narayana a Pattadakal in Karnataka. Le viagiator arab Suleiman describeva le Imperio Rashtrakuta como un del quatro grande Imperios del mundo. Le periodo Rashtrakuta marcava le initio del etate auree del mathematica in India meridional. Le grande mathematiciano Mahāvīra del sud de India habeva un enorme influentia super le mathematicianos medieval del sud. Le reges Rashtrakuta etiam patrocinava litteratos in un varietate de linguas. === Imperio Gurjara-Pratihara === Le Gurjara-Pratiharas esseva instrumental in limitar le exercitos arabe que moveva a oriente del fluvio Indo. Nagabhata I superava le exercito arabe sub Junaid e Tamin durante le campanias Umayyad in India. Sub Nagabhata II, le Gurjara-Pratiharas deveniva le dynastia le plus potente in India septentrional. Ille esseva succedite per su filio Ramabhadra, qui regnava brevemente ante esser succedite per su filio, Mihira Bhoja. Sub Bhoja e su successor Mahendrapala I, le Imperio Pratihara attingeva su apice de prosperitate e potentia. Al tempore de Mahendrapala, su territorio se extendeva ab le frontiera de Sindh in le occidente usque a Bihar in le oriente, e ab le Himalayas in le nord usque circa le fluvio Narmada in le sud. Le expansion suscitava un lucta tripartite pro le controlo del subcontinente indian inter le imperios Rashtrakuta e Pala. Al fin del decime seculo, plure vassallos del imperio profitava del debilitate temporari del Gurjara-Pratiharas pro declarar lor independentia — in particular le Regno de Malwa, le Regno de Bundelkhand, le Tomaras de Haryana, le Regno de Sambhar, e le Regno de Dahala. === Dynastia Gahadavala === Le dynastia Gahadavala regnava super partes del estados hodierne de Uttar Pradesh e Bihar durante le seculos XI e XII. Lor capital esseva situate in Varanasi. === Dynastia Karnat === In 1097 d.C., le dynastia Karnat de Mithila emergeva in le region de fronteira inter Bihar e Nepal, e manteneva capitales in Darbhanga e Simraongadh. Le dynastia esseva fundate per Nanyadeva, un comandante militar de origine Karnataka. Sub iste dynastia, le lingua Maithili comenciava a sviluppar se, con le prime obra litterari in Maithili, le Varna Ratnakara, producite in le seculo XIV per Jyotirishwar Thakur. Le Karnats anque faceva incursiones in Nepal. Illes cadeva in 1324 a sequela del invasion de Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq. === Imperio Pala === Le Imperio Pala esseva fundate per Gopala I. Illo esseva regite per un dynastia buddhista ab Bengal. Le Palas reunificava Bengal post le cadita del Regno de Gauda de Shashanka. Le Palas esseva sequitores del escolas Mahayana e Tantric de buddhismo; illes anque patrocinava le Shaivismo e le Vaishnavismo. Le imperio attingeva su apice sub Dharmapala e Devapala. On crede que Dharmapala conquireva Kanauj e extendeva su influentia usque al limites le plus lontan del India in le nord-occidente. Le Imperio Pala pote esser considerate como le etate auree de Bengal. Dharmapala fundava le Vikramashila e reviveva Nalanda, considerate como un del prime grande universitates in le historia registrate. Nalanda attingeva su apice sub le patronato del Imperio Pala. Le Palas anque construiva multe viharas. Illes manteneva proxime ligamines cultural e commercial con le paises del Asia Sud-Oriental e con Tibet. Le commercio maritim addeva grandemente al prosperitate del Imperio Pala. === Cholas === Le Cholas medieval emergite al prominentia durante le medio del nono seculo e establiva le plus grande imperio que le India meridional habeva vidite. Illes unificava con successo le India meridional sub lor dominio e, per lor fortia naval, extendeva lor influentia in le paises del Asia Sud-Oriental, como Srivijaya. Sub Rajaraja Chola I e su successores — Rajendra Chola I, Rajadhiraja Chola, Virarajendra Chola e Kulothunga Chola I — le dynastia deveniva un potentia militar, economic e cultural in Asia del Sud e Asia Sud-Oriental. Le flotta de Rajendra Chola I occupava le costas maritim ab Burma usque a Vietnam, le insulas Andaman e Nicobar, le insulas Lakshadweep (Laccadive), Sumatra, e le Peninsula Malese. Le potentia del nove imperio esseva proclamate al mundo oriental per le expedition al Ganges que Rajendra Chola I emprendite, per le occupation del citates del imperio maritim de Srivijaya in Asia Sud-Oriental, e per le repetite embassadas al China. Illes dominava le affairas politic de Sri Lanka durante plus de duo seculos per repetite invasiones e occupation. Illes habeva etiam contactos commercial continuate con le Arabes e le imperio chinese. Rajaraja Chola I e su filio Rajendra Chola I dava unitate politic a tote le India meridional e establiva le Imperio Chola como un potente maritim respectate. Sub le Cholas, le India meridional attingeva nove apices de excellentia in arte, religion e litteratura. In tote iste sphaeras, le periodo Chola signava le culmination de movimentos que habeva comenciate in un etate anterior sub le Pallavas. Le architectura monumental in forma de majestose templos e le sculptura in petra e bronzo attingeva un subtilitate jammais attingite antea in India. === Imperio Chalukya occidental === Le Imperio Chalukya Occidental regnava super le major parte del Deccan occidental, in India meridional, inter le seculos X e XII. Vast areas inter le fluvio Narmada in le nord e le fluvio Kaveri in le sud cadeva sub le controlo Chalukya. Durante iste periodo, le altere familias dominante del Deccan — le Hoysalas, le Seuna Yadavas de Devagiri, le dynastia Kakatiya e le Kalachuris meridional — esseva subordinates al Chalukyas Occidental e solmente ganiava lor independentia quando le potentia del Chalukya declinava durante le secunde medietate del seculo XII. Le Chalukyas Occidental disveloppava un stilo architectural cognoscite hodie como un stilo transitional, un ligamine inter le stilo del prime dynastia Chalukya e illo del posterior imperio Hoysala. Le major parte de su monumentos se trova in le districtos adjacente al fluvio Tungabhadra in le centro de Karnataka. Exemplos ben cognoscite es le Templo Kasivisvesvara a Lakkundi, le Templo Mallikarjuna a Kuruvatti, le Templo Kallesvara a Bagali, le Templo Siddhesvara a Haveri, e le Templo Mahadeva a Itagi. Isto esseva un periodo importante in le disveloppamento del bellas artes in India meridional, specialmente in litteratura, pois que le reges del Chalukyas Occidental incoragiava scriptores in le lingua native Kannada, e in Sanskrit, como le philosophico e statista Basava e le grande mathematiciano Bhāskara II. == Periodo medieval tardive (circa 1200 – 1526) == Le periodo medieval tardive es characterisate per repetite invasiones per tribos nomadic musulman de Asia Central, per le regno del Sultanato de Delhi, e per le crescentia de altere statos, edificate super le technologia militar del sultanato. === Sultanato de Delhi === Le Sultanato de Delhi esseva un serie de statos islamic successive basate in Delhi, regite per plure dynastias de varie origines. Iste stato dominava grande partes del subcontinente indian ab le seculo XIII usque al initio del seculo XVI. Le sultanato esseva fundate in le seculos XII e XIII per Turcos centro-asiatic, qui invadeva partes del India septentrional e establiva le stato super le possessiones hindu precedente. Le subsequente dynastia Mamluk de Delhi succedite a conquirer vaste areas del India septentrional. Le dynastia Khalji conquireva grande partes del India central, forciava le principal regnos hindu del India meridional a devenir statos vassal. Le sultanato inaugurava un periodo de renascentia cultural in India. Le resultante fusion indo-musulman de culturas lassava monumentos syncretic durabile in architectura, musica, litteratura, religion e vestimento. On pensa que le lingua urdu nasceva durante le periodo del Sultanato de Delhi. Le sultanato esseva le sol stato indo-islamic que enthronisava un del pauc reginas in India: Razia Sultana (r. 1236–1240). Ben que initialmente disruptive proque le potentia passava del elites native indian al elites musulman turc, le Sultanato de Delhi esseva responsabile pro integrar le subcontinente indian in un systema mundial crescente, traheva India in un rete international plus ample, lo que habeva un impacto significative super su cultura e societate. Totevia, le Sultanato de Delhi causava etiam destruction e profanation su larga scala de templos in le subcontinente indian. Le invasion mongol in India esseva repellite con successo per le Sultanato de Delhi durante le regno de Alauddin Khalji. Un factor major in lor successo esseva lor exercito de sclavos turc-mamluk, experte in le mesme stilo de guerra de cavalleria nomadic como le Mongoles. Es possibile que le Imperio Mongol haberea expandite in India si non esseva pro le rolo del Sultanato de Delhi in repeller los. Per repulsar repetitemente le incursiones mongol, le sultanato salvava India del devastation que colpiva Asia occidental e central. Soldatos de ille region e studiosos e administratores fugiente le invasion mongol de Iran immigrava in le subcontinente, creando assi un cultura indo-islamic syncretic in le nord. Un conquistator turco-mongol ab Asia Central, Timur (Tamerlane), attaccava le sultan reinante Nasir-ud-Din Mehmud del dynastia Tughlaq in Delhi. Le exercito del sultan esseva superate le 17 decembre 1398. Timur entrava in Delhi e le citate esseva saccheate, destruite e lassate in ruinas post que le exercito de Timur habeva occidite e pillate durante tres dies e noctes. Ille ordinava que le citate integre sia saccheate excepte le sayyids, le eruditos e le altere musulmanes (como artistas). Es dicite que 100,000 prisioneros de guerra esseva execute in un sol die. Le sultanato suffreva grandemente del saccheamento de Delhi. Ben que reviveva brevemente sub le dynastias Sayyid e Lodi, illo non esseva plus que un ombra de lo que habeva essite. Le regno Lodi in Delhi durava usque al derrota del ultime sultan, Ibrahim Khan Lodi, in 1526 per le forzas de Babur. === Imperio Vijayanagara === Le Imperio de Vijayanagara esseva fundate in 1336 per Harihara I e su fratre Bukka Raya I del dynastia Sangama, que habeva su origine como herede politic del Imperio Hoysala, del Imperio Kakatiya, e del Imperio Pandya. Le imperio se elevava a prominentia como un culmination del tentativas del potentes del India meridional de resister le invasion islamic al fin del 13e seculo. Illo durava usque al anno 1646, ben que su potentia declinava post un major disfacta militar in 1565 per le exercitos combinate del Sultanatos del Deccan. Le imperio prendeva su nomine de su capital, Vijayanagara, cuje ruinas circumfere le moderne Hampi, hodie un Sito de Patrimonio Mundial in Karnataka, India. In le prime duo decennios post le fundation del imperio, Harihara I obteneva controlo super le major parte del territorio al sud del fluvio Tungabhadra e recipiva le titulo de Purvapaschima Samudradhishavara (“dominator del mares oriental e occidental”). Per 1374, Bukka Raya I, successore de Harihara I, habeva vincite le chefato de Arcot, le Reddys de Kondavidu, e le Sultan de Madurai, e habeva obtenite controlo de Goa in le west e del doab Tungabhadra-Krishna in le nord. Harihara II, le secunde filio de Bukka Raya I, consolidava ulteriormente le regno ultra le fluvio Krishna e portava tote le India meridional sub le tutela de Vijayanagara. Le proxime rege, Deva Raya I, emergeva como victoriose contra le Gajapatis de Odisha e initiava importantes obras de fortification e irrigation. Le viagiator italian Niccolò de Conti le describiva como le plus potente regente de India. Deva Raya II succedeva al throno in 1424 e esseva probabilemente le plus capace inter le regentes del dynastia Sangama. Ille reprimeva seniores feudal rebelliose, assi como le Zamorin de Calicut e Quilon in le sud. Ille invadeva le insula de Sri Lanka e deveniva senior super le reges de Birmania in Pegu e Tanasserim. Le Imperatores de Vijayanagara esseva tolerantia de tote religiones e sectas, como monstra le scripturas de visitatores estrange. Le reges usava titulos tal como Gobrahmana Pratipalanacharya (“protector de vaccas e Brahmines”) e Hindurayasuratrana (“defensor del fide hindu”), que testificava lor intention de proteger le hinduismo, e tamen al mesme tempore esseva fortemente islamicate in lor ceremoniales de corte e vestimentos. Le fundatores del imperio, Harihara I e Bukka Raya I, esseva devote Shaivas (adoratores de Shiva), ma faceva donationes al ordine Vaishnava de Sringeri con Vidyaranya como lor sancto patrono, e designava Varaha (un avatar de Vishnu) como lor emblema. Nobiles del regnos timurida del Asia Central veniva etiam a Vijayanagara. Le reges posterior del dynastias Saluva e Tuluva esseva Vaishnava per fide, ma adorava al pede del Senior Virupaksha (Shiva) in Hampi assi como del Senior Venkateshwara (Vishnu) in Tirupati. Un obra sanscrite, Jambavati Kalyanam per Rege Krishnadevaraya, appellava le Senior Virupaksha Karnata Rajya Raksha Mani (“jewel protector del Imperio de Karnata”). Le reges patrocinava le sanctos del ordine dvaita (philosophia del dualismo) de Madhvacharya a Udupi. Le hereditage del imperio include multe monumentos disparse per tote le India meridional, le plus cognoscite del qual es le gruppo a Hampi. Le traditiones anterior de construction de templos in India del Sud se univa in le stilo de architectura Vijayanagara. Le mesclage de omne fides e linguas vernacular inspirava innovation architectonic in le construction de templos hindú. Le mathematica del India meridional prosperava sub le protection del Imperio de Vijayanagara in Kerala. Le mathematician meridional Madhava de Sangamagrama fundava in le 14e seculo le famose Schola Kerala de Astronomia e Mathematica, que produceva multe eminente mathematicos del sud de India, como Parameshvara, Nilakantha Somayaji e Jyeṣṭhadeva. Un administration efficace e un commercio maritim vigorose apportava nove technologias, tal como systemas de gestion de aqua pro irrigation. Le patronato del imperio permitteva que le artes belle e le litteratura attingeva nove apices in Kannada, Telugu, Tamil e Sanscrito, durante que le musica Carnatic evolveva in su forma actual. Vijayanagara entrava in declino post le disfacta in le Battalia de Talikota (1565). Post le morte de Aliya Rama Raya in iste battalia, Tirumala Deva Raya initiava le dynastia Aravidu, transferiva e fundava un nove capital a Penukonda pro replaciar le destruite Hampi, e tentava reconstituir le restos del Imperio de Vijayanagara. Tirumala abdicava in 1572, dividiva le restos de su regno inter su tres filios, e se dedicava a un vita religiose usque a su morte in 1578. Le successores del dynastia Aravidu regnava le region, ma le imperio collabava in 1614, e su ultime restos terminava in 1646, a causa del guerras continuate con le sultanato de Bijapur e alteres. Durante iste periodo, plure regnos in India meridional deveniva independente e se separava de Vijayanagara. Iste includeva le Regno de Mysore, Keladi Nayaka, Nayaks de Madurai, Nayaks de Tanjore, Nayakas de Chitradurga e le Regno Nayak de Gingee – tote illos declarava independentia e exerceva un influentia significative super le historia del India meridional in le seculos sequente. === Altere regnos === Durante duo e medie seculos, ab le medietate del 13e seculo, le politica in India septentrional esseva dominate per le Sultanato de Delhi, e in India meridional per le Imperio de Vijayanagara. Totevia, altere potentes regional etiam esseva presente. Post le cadita del Imperio Pala, le dynastia Chero regnava super grande partes de Uttar Pradesh oriental, Bihar e Jharkhand ab le 12e usque al 18e seculos. Le dynastia Reddy con successo defendeva contra le Sultanato de Delhi e extendeva su regno ab Cuttack in le nord usque a Kanchi in le sud, ante esser eventualmentemente integrate in le imperio expandente de Vijayanagara. In le nord, le regnos Rajput remaneva le potentia dominante in India occidental e central. Le dynastia de Mewar sub Maharana Hammir vincite e capturava Muhammad Tughlaq, con le Bargujars como su principales alliatos. Tughlaq esseva obligate a pagar un enorme ransom e a ceder tote le terras de Mewar. Post iste evento, le Sultanato de Delhi non attaccava Chittor durante plure centos de annos. Le Rajputs re-establiva lor independentia, e statos Rajput esseva create usque in Bengal al est e in Punjab al nord. Le Tomaras se establiva a Gwalior, e Man Singh Tomar reconstruiva le fortification de Gwalior. Durante iste periodo, Mewar emergeva como le principal stato Rajput; Rana Kumbha expandeva su regno al detrimento del Sultanatos de Malwa e Gujarat. Le proxime grande regente Rajput, Rana Sanga de Mewar, deveniva le actor principal in India septentrional. Su objectivos cresceva in extension – ille planeava conquistar Delhi. Ma su disfacta in le Battalia de Khanwa consolidava le nove dynastia Mughal in India. Le dynastia de Mewar sub Maharana Udai Singh II suffereva ulteriore disfactas per le imperator Mughal Akbar, con lor capital Chittor capturate. A causa de isto, Udai Singh II fundava Udaipur, que deveniva le nove capital del regno de Mewar. Su filio, Maharana Pratap de Mewar, resisteva firmemente contra le Mughals. Akbar mandava plure campanias contra ille. Finalmente, ille sobreviveva pro reciper controlo de tote Mewar, excludente solmente le Fortification de Chittor. In le sud, le Sultanato Bahmani in le Deccan, nascite in 1347 de un rebellion contra le dynastia Tughlaq, esseva le principal rival de Vijayanagara, e frequentemente causava difficultates pro illes. A partir de 1490, le governatores del Sultanato Bahmani se revolta, e lor statos independente formava le cinque Sultanatos del Deccan; Ahmadnagar declarava independentia, sequite per Bijapur e Berar in le mesme anno; Golkonda deveniva independente in 1518 e Bidar in 1528. Ben que generalmente rivales, illes se alliava contra le Imperio de Vijayanagara in 1565, debilitante permanentemente Vijayanagara in le Battalia de Talikota. In le est, le Regno Gajapati remaneva un forte potentia regional, associate con un apice in le crescentia del cultura e architectura regional. Sub Kapilendradeva, le Gajapatis deveniva un imperio que se extendeva ab le basse Ganga in le nord usque al Kaveri in le sud. In le nord-est de India, le Regno Ahom esseva un major potentia durante sex seculos; sub le direction de Lachit Borphukan, le Ahoms decisivemente vincite le exercito Mughal in le Battalia de Saraighat durante le conflictos Ahom-Mughal. Plus a oriente, in le India nord-oriental, se trovava le Regno de Manipur, que regnava ab lor sedes de poter in le Fortification de Kangla e disveloppava un cultura Hindu Vaishnavita Gaudiya raffinate. Le Sultanato de Bengal esseva le potentia dominante del delta Ganges–Brahmaputra, con un rete de citates monetari disperse per le region. Illo esseva un monarchia musulman sunnita con elites indo-turc, arabe, abyssinian e bengalese musulman. Le sultanato esseva cognoscite pro su pluralismo religiose, ubi communitates non-musulmane coexisteva pacificamente. Le Sultanato de Bengal habeva un circulo de statos vassal, includente Odisha in le sud-west, Arakan in le sud-est, e Tripura in le est. In le initio del 16e seculo, le Sultanato de Bengal attingeva le apice de su expansion territorial con controlo super Kamrup e Kamata in le nord-est e Jaunpur e Bihar in le west. Illo esseva reputate como un nation mercantile prospere e un del plus forte statos de Asia. Le Sultanato de Bengal esseva describite per visitatores contemporanee europee e chinese como un regno relativamente prospere e “le plus ric pais pro commercia”. Le Sultanato de Bengal lassava un forte hereditage architectonic. Edificios del periodo monstra influentias estrange integrate in un distincte stilo bengalese. Le Sultanato de Bengal esseva etiam le plus grande e prestigiose autoritate inter le statos medieval independente regite per musulmanos in le historia de Bengal. Su declino comenciava con un interregno sub le Imperio Suri, sequite per le conquista Mughal e su disintegration in regnos minor. === Movimento Bhakti e Sikhismo === Le movimento Bhakti se refere al tendentia devotional theistic que emergeva in le hinduismo medieval, e que plus tarde esseva revolutionate in le sikhismo. Illo habeva su origine in le sud de India del septime seculo (hodie partes de Tamil Nadu e Kerala), e se diffundeva verso le nord. A partir del 15e seculo, illo se expandiva super le India oriental e septentrional, attingente su apice inter le 15e e le 17e seculos. * Le movimento Bhakti se disveloppava regionalmente circa differente deos e deas, como in le Vaishnavismo (Vishnu), Shaivismo (Shiva), Shaktismo (deas Shakti), e Smartismo. Le movimento esseva inspirate per multe poetas-sanctos, qui defendeva un large varietate de positiones philosophic, ab le dualismo theistic del Dvaita usque al monismo absolut del Advaita Vedanta. * Le sikhismo es un religion monotheistic e panentheistic basate sur le doctrinas spiritual de Guru Nanak, le prime Guru, e le dece successiv Gurus Sikh. Post le morte del decime Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, le scriptura Sikh, Guru Granth Sahib, deveniva le incarnation literal del Guru eterne e impersonale, ubi le parola del scriptura servi como guida spiritual pro le Sikhs. * Le buddhismo in India prosperava in le regnos himalayense del Regno de Namgyal in Ladakh, le Regno de Sikkim in Sikkim, e le Regno Chutia in Arunachal Pradesh durante le periodo medieval tardive. == Periodo moderne prime (1526 – 1858) == Le periodo moderne initial del historia de India es datate ab 1526 usque a 1858, correspondente al ascension e cadita del Imperio Mughal, que habeva hereditate del Renaissance Timurid. Durante iste etate, le economia de India se expandiva, un pace relative esseva mantenite, e le artes esseva patrocinite. Iste periodo videva le ulteriore disveloppamento del architectura indo-islamic; le crescentia del Marathas e del Sikhs les permitteva regnar super partes significative de India in le dies declinante del imperio Mughal. Con le discoperta del via per le Cabo in le annos 1500, le prime europaeos a arrivar per mar e establir se esseva le portugeses in Goa e Bombay. === Imperio Mughal === In 1526, Babur transpassava le Passo de Khyber e fundava le Imperio Mughal, que a su apice comprehendite grande partes del Asia meridional. Totevia, su filio Humayun esseva battite per le guerrero afghan Sher Shah Suri in 1540, e esseva obligate a retraer se a Kabul. Post le morte de Sher Shah, su filio Islam Shah Suri e su general hindu Hemu Vikramaditya establiva un regno secular in India septentrional ab Delhi usque al anno 1556, quando Akbar (r. 1556–1605), nepote de Babur, vincite Hemu in le Secunde Battalia de Panipat le 6 de novembre 1556 post haber ganiate le Battalia de Delhi. Akbar cercava establir bon relationes con le hindus. Ille declarava Amari o le prohibition de occider animales durante le dies sancte del jainismo. Ille aboliva le taxa jizya pro non-musulmanos. Le emperatores Mughal se maritava con le regias local, se alliava con maharajas local, e tentava fusionar lor cultura turco-persian con le stilos antique de India, creando un cultura indo-persian unic e un architectura indo-saracenica. Akbar se maritava con un princessa Rajput, Mariam-uz-Zamani, e illes habeva un filio, Jahangir (r. 1605–1627). Jahangir continuava le politica de su patre. Le dynastia Mughal regnava super le major parte del subcontinente indian verso 1600. Le regno de Shah Jahan (r. 1628–1658) esseva le etate de aur del architectura Mughal. Ille erigeva numerose monumentos majuscule, le plus famose del qual es le Taj Mahal a Agra. Illo esseva un del plus grande imperios que jam existite in le subcontinente indian, e superava China pro devenir le plus grande potentia economic del mundo, con 24,4% del economia mundial, e le prime position in le industria, producente 25% del production industrial global. Le ascension economic e demographic esseva stimulate per le reformas agrarie Mughal que intensificava le production agricultural, e per un grado relativemente elevate de urbanisation. Le Imperio Mughal attingeva su zenitho de expansion territorial durante le regno de Aurangzeb (r. 1658–1707), sub cuje regno India superava le China Qing como le plus grande economia del mundo. Aurangzeb esseva minus tolerant que su predeccessores: ille reintroduceva le taxa jizya e destruiva plure templos historic, durante que al mesme tempore ille edificava plus templos hindu que ille destruiva, empleava un numero significativemente plus grande de hindus in su bureaucratia imperial que su antecessores, e promoveva administratores secundo lor capacitate plus tosto que lor religione. Totevia, ille es frequentemente culpate pro le erosion del tradition syncretic tolerant de su predeccessores, assi como pro le crescentia de controversia religiose e centralisation. Le Compania Anglese del Indie Oriental suffereva un disfacta in le Guerra Anglo-Mughal. Le Mughals suffereva plure colpos a causa del invasion del Marathas, Rajputs, Jats e Afghans. In 1737, le general Maratha Bajirao del Imperio Maratha invadeva e pillava Delhi. Sub le general Amir Khan Umrao Al Udat, le Emperador Mughal inviava 8.000 soldados pro expeller le 5.000 cavalleros Maratha. Baji Rao facilemente disfaceva le inexperte general Mughal. In 1737, in le ultime disfacta decisive del Imperio Mughal, le comandante supremo del exercito Mughal, Nizam-ul-mulk, esseva battite a Bhopal per le exercito Maratha. Isto in essentia apportava un fin al Imperio Mughal. Al mesme tempore, le Stato de Bharatpur sub le regente Jat Suraj Mal subjuga le guarnition Mughal a Agra e pillava le citate. In 1739, Nader Shah, emperador de Iran, vincite le exercito Mughal in le Battalia de Karnal. Post iste victoria, Nader capturava e saccheava Delhi, portant con se tresores includente le Throno del Pavon. Ahmad Shah Durrani initiava su proprie invasiones como regente del Imperio Durrani, e finalmente saccheava Delhi in 1757. Le regno Mughal esseva ancora plus debilitated per le resistentia constante del indianos native: Banda Singh Bahadur conduceva le Khalsa Sikh contra le oppression religiose Mughal; le Rajas hindus de Bengal, Pratapaditya e Raja Sitaram Ray, se rebellava; e Maharaja Chhatrasal del Rajputs Bundela combatteva le Mughals e fundava le Stato de Panna. Per 1757, le dynastia Mughal esseva reducite a regentes marionetta. Le Vadda Ghalughara occurreva sub le governamento provincial musulman basate in Lahore pro exterminar le Sikhs, con circa 30.000 Sikhs occidite – un offensiva que habeva comenciate sub le Mughals con le Chhota Ghalughara e que durava plure decennios sub su statos successores musulman. === Imperio Maratha === Le regno Maratha esseva fundate e consolidate per Chatrapati Shivaji. Totevia, le credito pro haber facite del Marathas un potentia national formidabile va al Peshwa (prime ministro) Bajirao I. Le historico K.K. Datta scribeva que Bajirao I “pote ben esser considerate como le secunde fundator del Imperio Maratha”. In le initio del 18e seculo, sub le Peshwas, le Marathas consolidava lor dominio e regnava super grande partes del Asia meridional. Le Marathas es in grande parte attribuite pro haber ponite fin al regno Mughal in India. In 1737, le Marathas vincite un exercito Mughal in lor capital, in le Battalia de Delhi. Illes continuava lor campanias militar contra le Mughals, le Nizam, le Nawab de Bengal e le Imperio Durrani pro extender ulteriormente lor frontieras. Al apice de su expansion, le dominio del Marathas comprendeva quasi tote le subcontinente indian. Le Marathas mesmo tentava capturar Delhi e discuteva poner Vishwasrao Peshwa sur le throno in loco del emperador Mughal. Le imperio Maratha a su apice se extendeva ab Tamil Nadu in le sud usque a Peshawar (in le actual Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan) in le nord, e Bengal in le est. Le expansion nord-occidental del Marathas esseva arrestate post le Tertie Battalia de Panipat (1761). Totevia, le autoritate maratha in le nord esseva re-stabilite intra un decennio sub Peshwa Madhavrao I. Sub Madhavrao I, le plus forte cavalleros recipeva semi-autonomia, creando un confederation de statos unite Maratha sub le Gaekwads de Baroda, le Holkars de Indore e Malwa, le Scindias de Gwalior e Ujjain, le Bhonsales de Nagpur e le Puars de Dhar e Dewas. In 1775, le Compania del Indie Oriental interveniva in un lucta de succession del familia Peshwa in Pune, lo que conduceva al Prime Guerra Anglo-Maratha, resultante in un victoria maratha. Le Marathas remaneva un major potentia in India usque a lor disfacta in le Secunde e Tertie Guerras Anglo-Maratha (1805–1818). === Imperio Sikh === Le Imperio Sikh esseva un entitate politic que governava le regiones nord-occidental del subcontinente indian, centrate circa le Punjab, ab 1799 usque a 1849. Illo esseva forjate super le fundationes del Khalsa, sub le direction de Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780–1839). Maharaja Ranjit Singh consolidava grande partes del India septentrional in un imperio per medio de su Exercito Sikh Khalsa, que esseva trainate in technicas militar europpee e equipate con technologias militar moderne. Ranjit Singh se demonstrava un maestro stratega e eligeva generales ben qualificate pro su exercito. Ille poneva fin con successo al Guerras Afghan-Sikh. Per stades, ille annexeva le Punjab central, le provincias de Multan e Kashmir, e le valle de Peshawar a su imperio. Al apice in le 19e seculo, le imperio se extendeva ab le Passo de Khyber in le west, usque a Kashmir in le nord, a Sindh in le sud, e, sequente le fluvio Sutlej, usque a Himachal in le est. Post le morte de Ranjit Singh, le imperio se debilitava, lo que duceva a conflictos con le Compania Britanni del Indie Oriental. Le Prime Guerra Anglo-Sikh e le Secunde Guerra Anglo-Sikh signava le cadita del Imperio Sikh, facente de illo un del ultime regiones del subcontinente indian a esser conquistate per le Britannicos. === Altere regnos === Le Regno de Mysore in le India meridional se expandava a su plus grande extension sub Hyder Ali e su filio Tipu Sultan in le secunda medietate del 18e seculo. Sub lor dominio, Mysore combatteva un serie de guerras contra le Marathas e le Britannicos o lor fortias combinate. Le Guerra Maratha-Mysore terminava in april 1787, post le finalisation del Tractato de Gajendragad, in le qual Tipu Sultan esseva obligate a pagar tributo al Marathas. Concurrentemente, le Guerras Anglo-Mysore habeva loco, ubi le Mysorianos usava le famose foguettas mysorian. Le Quarte Guerra Anglo-Mysore (1798–1799) videva le morte de Tipu. Le alliantia de Mysore con le Francese esseva considerate como un menacia al Compania Britanni del Indie Oriental, e Mysore esseva attaccate ab tote le quatro latos. Le Nizam de Hyderabad e le Marathas lanceava un invasion ab le nord. Le Britannicos ganiava un victoria decisive al Assedio de Seringapatam (1799). Hyderabad esseva fundate per le dynastia Qutb Shahi de Golconda in 1591. Post un breve dominio Mughal, Asif Jah, un official Mughal, prendeva controlo de Hyderabad e declarava se Nizam-al-Mulk de Hyderabad in 1724. Le Nizams perdeva considerabile territorio e pagava tributo al Imperio Maratha post esser battite in multiple battalias, como le Battalia de Palkhed. Nonobstante, le Nizams manteneva lor souveranitate ab 1724 usque a 1948, primo per pagar tributos al Marathas, e plus tarde como vassallos del Britannicos. Hyderabad deveniva un stato principesque in India Britannic in 1798. Le Nawabs de Bengal deveniva de facto regentes de Bengal post le declino del Imperio Mughal. Totevia, lor dominio esseva intermittite per le Marathas que menava sex expeditiones in Bengal inter 1741 e 1748, como resultato del qual Bengal deveniva un stato tributari del Marathas. Le 23 de junio 1757, Siraj ud-Daulah, le ultime Nawab independente de Bengal, esseva trahite in le Battalia de Plassey per Mir Jafar. Ille perdeva contra le Britannicos, qui prendeva le controlo de Bengal in 1757, installava Mir Jafar sur le masnad (throno) e se stabiliva como un potentia politic in Bengal. In 1765 le systema de "Guberno Dual" esseva establishite, in le qual le Nawabs regnava in nomine del Britannicos e esseva simple marionettas del Britannicos. In 1772 le systema esseva abolite e Bengal esseva portate sub le controlo directe del Britannicos. In 1793, quando le Nizamat (governantia) del Nawab esseva etiam removite, illes remaneva solmente como pensionarios del Compania Britanni del Indie Oriental. In le 18e seculo, tote Rajputana esseva virtualmente subjuga per le Marathas. Le Secunde Guerra Anglo-Maratha distrahiva le Marathas inter 1807 e 1809, ma postea le domination Maratha de Rajputana reprendeva. In 1817, le Britannicos entrava in guerra contra le Pindaris, banditos que se refugiava in territorio Maratha, e isto rapidemente deveniva le Tertie Guerra Anglo-Maratha. Le governamento britannic offeriva su protection al reges Rajput contra le Pindaris e le Marathas. Al fin de 1818 tractatos simile esseva signate inter le altere estados Rajput e Britannia. Le governante Sindhia de Gwalior cedeva le districtos de Ajmer-Merwara al Britannicos, e le influentia Maratha in Rajasthan terminava. Le majoritate del principes Rajput remaneva fidel al Britannicos durante le Revolta de 1857, e poc cambios politic esseva facite in Rajputana usque al independentia de India in 1947. Le Agentia de Rajputana contineva plus de 20 estados principesque, le plus notabile essente Udaipur, Jaipur, Bikaner e Jodhpur. Post le cadita del Imperio Maratha, multe dynastias e statos Maratha deveniva vassallos in alliantia subsidiari con le Britannicos. Con le declino del Imperio Sikh, post le Prime Guerra Anglo-Sikh in 1846, sub le terminos del Tractato de Amritsar, le governamento britannic vendeva Kashmir a Maharaja Gulab Singh, e le stato principesque de Jammu e Kashmir, le secunde plus grande in India Britannic, esseva create per le dynastia Dogra. In le India oriental e nord-oriental, le statos hindu e buddhista de Cooch Behar, Twipra e Sikkim esseva annexcite per le Britannicos e transformate in statos principesque vassallos. Post le cadita del Imperio Vijayanagara, le statos Polygar emergeva in India meridional; illes resisteva invasiones e prosperava usque al Guerras Polygar, ubi illes esseva finalmente battite per le fortias del Compania Britanni del Indie Oriental. Circa le 18e seculo, le Regno de Nepal esseva formate per reges Rajput. === Exploration europee === In 1498, un flotta portugese sub Vasco da Gama discoperiva un nove via maritim ab Europa a India, lo que paveava le via pro commercio directe indo-european. Le Portugeses tosto installava postos commercial in Velha Goa, Damaon, le insula de Dio e Bombay. Le Portugeses instituiva le Inquisition de Goa, ubi nove convertitos indian esseva punite pro suspecte de heresia contra christianismo, e non-christianos esseva condemnate. Goa remaneva le principal territorio portugese usque a su annexion per India in 1961. Le sequentes a arrivar esseva le Hollandeses, con lor base principal in Ceylon. Illes stabiliva portos in Malabar. Totevia, lor expansion in India esseva interrumpite post lor disfacta in le Battalia de Colachel per le Regno de Travancore durante le Guerra Travancore-Hollandese. Le Hollandeses nunquam se recuperava de iste disfacta e non plus representava un grande menacia colonial pro India. Le conflictos interne inter regnos indian dava opportunitates al commercantes europee de establir gradualmente influentia politic e appropriar terras. Post le Hollandeses, le Britannicos — qui habeva installate se in le porto de Surat in le costa occidental in 1619 — e le Francese ambes fundava postos commercial in India. Ben que potentes europee continental controlava varie regiones costal del India meridional e oriental durante le seculo sequente, illes finalmente perdeva tote lor territorios in India al Britannicos, con le exception del postos francese de Pondichéry e Chandernagore, e le colonias portugese de Goa, Daman e Diu. === Governo del Compania del India Oriental in India === Le Compania Inglese del Indie Oriental esseva fundate in 1600. Illa ganiava un prime position in India con le instauration de un fabrica in Masulipatnam sur le costa oriental de India in 1611, e per un concessione de derectos del imperator mogol Jahangir pro establir un fabrica in Surat in 1612. In 1640, post haber recipite permission simile del regente de Vijayanagara plus al sud, un secunde fabrica esseva establite in Madras sur le costa sud-oriental. Le insuleto de Bom Bahia, in le hodierne Mumbai (Bombay), esseva un posto portugese non longe de Surat. Illo esseva presentate a Carlo II de Inglaterra como parte del dotte in su matrimonio con Catarina de Bragança. Carlo, a su vice, locava Bombay al Compania in 1668. Duo decennios plus tarde, le Compania establiva un posto commercial in le delta del fluvio Ganges. Durante iste periodo altere companias fundate per le Portugeses, Hollandeses, Francese e Danese similmente se expandiva in le subcontinente. Le victoria del Compania sub Robert Clive in le Battalia de Plassey in 1757, e un altere victoria in le Battalia de Buxar (in Bihar) in 1764, consolidava le potentia del Compania e obligava le imperator Shah Alam II a nominar la como diwan, o collectore de entratas, de Bengal, Bihar e Orissa. Assi le Compania deveniva de facto le governator de grande partes del basse planitie gangetic jam in 1773. Illa procedeva etiam gradualmente a expandir su dominios circum Bombay e Madras. Le Guerres Anglo-Mysore (1766–1799) e le Guerres Anglo-Maratha (1772–1818) la lassava in controlo de vaste territorios del India sud del fluvio Sutlej. Con le disfacta del Marathas, nulle potentia native plus representava un menacia pro le Compania. Le expansion del potentia del Compania prendeva principalmente duo formas. Le prime esseva le annexion directe de estados indian e le subsequente governantia directe del regiones subjacent, que in conjunto deveniva le India Britannic. Le regiones annexionate includeva le Provincias Nord-Occidental (comprenente Rohilkhand, Gorakhpur e le Doab) (1801), Delhi (1803), Assam (Regno Ahom 1828) e Sindh (1843). Punjab, le Provincia de Frontiera Nord-Occidental e Kashmir esseva annexionate post le Guerres Anglo-Sikh in 1849–1856 (tempore del marchese de Dalhousie como Governator General). Totevia, Kashmir esseva immediatemente vendite sub le Tractato de Amritsar (1850) al dynastia Dogra de Jammu, e assi deveniva un stato principesc. In 1854, Berar esseva annexionate, e duo annos plus tarde etiam le stato de Oudh Le secunde forma de affirmar potentia involveva tractatos in que reges indianos recognosceva le hegemonia del Compania in cambio de un limitate autonomia interne. Pois que le Compania operava sub restrictiones financiarie, illa deberea establir fundamenta politic pro su dominio.[353] Le plus importante de iste sustentos veniva del alliantias subsidiary con principes indianos.[353] In le comenciamento del seculo XIX, le territorios de iste principes representava duo tertios de India.[353] Quando un regente indian, capace de assecurar su territorio, voleva entrar in tal alliantia, le Compania lo acceptava como un methodo economic de governo indirecte, que non implicava ni le custos economic del administration directe, ni le custos politic de ganiar le supporto de subjectos estranios.[354] In cambio, le Compania assumeva le “defensa de iste alliados subordinate e los tractava con traditional respecto e signos de honor.”[354] Le alliantias subsidiary creava le Statos Principesc del maharajas hindu e del nawabs musulman. Prominente inter iste statos esseva: Cochin (1791), Jaipur (1794), Travancore (1795), Hyderabad (1798), Mysore (1799), le Statos del Collinas Cis-Sutlej (1815), le Agente de India Central (1819), Cutch e territorios Gaikwad de Gujarat (1819), Rajputana (1818),[355] e Bahawalpur (1833). ==== Systema de indentura indian ==== Le systema de indentura indian esseva un systema continuate de servitude contractuale, un forma de servitude per debito, per le qual 3,5 milliones de indianos esseva transportate al colonias del potentias europee pro fornir labor in le plantationes (principalmente de canna de saccharo). Illo comenciava con le fin del sclavitude in 1833 e continuava usque a 1920. Isto resultava in le formation de un grande diaspora indian que se disveloppava ab le Caribes usque al Oceano Pacific, e in le crescimento de vaste populationes indo-caribic e indo-african. == Periodo moderne tardive e historia contemporanee (1857 – 1947) == === Rebellion de 1857 e su consequentias === Le Rebellione Indian de 1857 esseva un rebellion su scala large de soldados employate per le Compania Britannic del Indias Oriental in India septentrional e central contra le dominio del Compania. Le scintilla que causava le motin esseva le introduction de nove cartuchos pro le rifle Enfield, que esseva insensibile al prohibitiones religiose local. Le principal mutinario esseva Mangal Pandey.[356] In addition, le discontento plus profunde respecto al taxation britannic, le division ethnic inter officiales britannic e lor tropas indian, e le annexiones de terras, habeva un rolo significative in le rebellion. In poc septimanas post le motin de Pandey, decenas de unitates del armata indian se univa a exercitos paisan in un rebellion generalisate. Le soldados rebelle esseva postea accompaniate per nobilitate indian, multe del qual habeva perdite titulos e dominios sub le Doctrina de Caducitate e senti que le Compania habeva interferite con le systema traditional de hereditage. Capites del rebelles como Nana Sahib e le Rani de Jhansi pertineva a iste gruppo.[357] Post le eruption del motin in Meerut, le rebelles rapidemente attingeva Delhi. Illes habeva etiam capturate vaste territorios del Provincias Nord-Occidental e de Awadh (Oudh). In Awadh, in particular, le rebellion assumeva le characteristicas de un revolta patriotic contra le presentia britannic.[358] Totevia, le Compania Britannic del Indias Oriental se mobilisava rapidemente con le assistentia de statos principesc amic, ma le britannicos necessitava quasi tote 1858 pro supprimmer le rebellion. A causa del facto que le rebelles esseva mal equipate e non habeva supporto o financiamiento exterior, illes esseva brutalmente subjogate.[359] Post isto, tote le poter esseva transferite del Compania Britannic del Indias Oriental al Corona Britannic, que comenciava a administrar le major parte de India como provincias. Le Corona controlava directemente le terras del Compania e habeva un influentia indirecte considerabile super le resto de India, que consisteva in statos principesc regite per familias royal local. Officialmente il habeva 565 statos principesc in 1947, ma solmente 21 habeva governamentos real, e solmente tres esseva grande (Mysore, Hyderabad e Kashmir). Illos esseva integrate in le nation independente inter 1947 e 1948.[360] === Raj Britannic (1858 – 1947) === Post 1857, le governo colonial fortificava e expandiva su infrastructura per medio del systema judicial, del proceduras legal e del statutos. Le Codice Penal Indian esseva create.[361] In le campo del education, Thomas Babington Macaulay habeva facite del instruction un prioritate pro le Raj in 1835 e succediva in implementar le uso del lingua anglese pro le inseniamento. Per 1890, circa 60.000 indianos habeva matriculate.[362] Le economia indian cresceva a circa 1% per anno inter 1880 e 1920, e le population cresceva equalmente a 1%. Totevia, a partir del decennio de 1910, le industria private indian comenciava a crescer significativemente. India construiva un systema modern de ferrovias in le fin del seculo XIX, que deveniva le quarte plus grande del mundo.[363] Historiatores ha essite dividite re le historia economic, con le schola nationalista affirmante que India se habeva pauperate a causa del dominio britannic.[364] In 1905, Lord Curzon divideva le grande provincia de Bengal in un parte occidental majormente hindu e un parte oriental denominate "Bengal Oriental e Assam", majormente musulman. Le objectivo britannic esseva declarate como un administration plus efficiente, ma le populo de Bengal se indignava contra lo que pareva un strategia de “dividir e dominar”. Isto marcava etiam le comenciamento del movimento anticolonial organisate. Quando le Partito Liberal in Britannia prendeva le poter in 1906, Curzon esseva removite. Bengal esseva reunificate in 1911. Le nove viceré Gilbert Minto e le nove secretario de stato pro India John Morley consultava con le capites del Congress super reformas politic. Le reformas Morley-Minto de 1909 prevideva le admission de indianos in le consilios executive provincial e etiam in le consilio executive del viceré. Le Consilio Legislative Imperial esseva allargate de 25 a 60 membros, e representation communal separate pro musulmanes esseva establite — un passo dramatic verso un governo plus representative e responsabile.[365] In ille periodo nasceva plure organisationes socio-religiose. Le musulmanes fundava in 1906 le All India Muslim League pro proteger le interesses del musulmanes aristocratic. Le Hindu Mahasabha cercava representar le interesses hindu. Le organisation hindu nationalista Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) esseva fundate in 1925–1926.[366] Le sikhs fundava le Shiromani Akali Dal in 1920.[367] Totevia, le plus grande e ancian partito politic, le Indian National Congress, fundate in 1885, tentava mantener distantia del movimentos socio-religiose e del politica de identitate.[368] ==== Renascentia indian ==== Le Renascentia Bengali refere al movimento de reform social, dominate per le hindus bengali, in le region de Bengal del subcontinente indian durante le seculo XIX e le initio del seculo XX, un periodo de domination britannic. Le historico Nitish Sengupta describe iste renascentia como habente comenciate con le reformator e humanitario Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1775–1833), e finite con le prime laureato Nobel de Asia, Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941).[369] Iste florescentia de reformatores religiose e social, eruditos e scriptores es describite per le historico David Kopf como “un del periodos le plus creative in le historia de India.”[370] Durante iste periodo, Bengal esseva testimonio de un evigilantia intellectual que in certe maniera es comparabile al Renascentia europea. Iste movimento poneva in question le orthodoxias existente, specialmente in relation a feminas, matrimonio, le systema de dotte, le systema de castas e le religione. Un del plus ancian movimentos social que emergiva durante iste tempore esseva le Movimento del Juventute Bengali, que promoveva le rationalismo e le atheismo como denominatores commun de conducta civil inter le hindus instruite del castas superior.[371] Illo exerceva un rolo importante in reawakenar le mentos e le intellecto indiano a transverso del subcontinente. ==== Fames ==== Durante le periodo del Compania Britannic del India Oriental e del Corona Britannic, India experimentava alcun del plus mortal fames jam registrate. Iste fames, usualmente resultante de fallimentos de recolta e frequentemente exacerbate per le politicas del governamento colonial,[372] includeva: * le Grande Fame de 1876–1878, in que moriva inter 6,1 e 10,3 milliones de personas;[373] * le Grande Fame Bengali de 1770, con mortes estimate inter 1 e 10 milliones;[374][375] * le Fame Indian de 1899–1900, que causava le mortes de inter 1,25 e 10 milliones;[372] * e le Fame Bengali de 1943, que resultava in inter 2,1 e 3,8 milliones de mortes.[376] In ultra isto, le tertie pandemia de peste in le medio del seculo XIX occideva circa 10 milliones de personas in India.[377] Nonobstante le persistentia de morbos e fames, le population del subcontinente, que esseva de circa 200 milliones in 1750,[378] attingeva 389 milliones in 1941.[379] ==== Prime Guerra Mundial ==== Durante le Prime Guerra Mundial, plus que 800.000 indianos se voluntariava pro le armea, e plus que 400.000 pro rolos non-combattente, comparate con le reclutamento annual prebellic de solmente 15.000 homines.[380] Le armea indiana combatteva al Fronte Occidental in le Prime Battalia de Ypres, ma post un anno de servicio, le perdas e le maladias reduceva severemente lor fortias. Circa 700.000 indianos luctava contra le turcos in le campania de Mesopotamia. Truppe indiane esseva etiam inviate a Africa Oriental, Egypto, e Gallipoli.[381] Illos combatteva in le campania de Sinai e Palestina (Suez 1915, Romani 1916, Jerusalem 1917) e participava al Battalia de Megiddo e al avancio verso Damascus e Aleppo. In total, un million de soldados indianos serviva foras; 74.187 moriva[382] e 67.000 esseva vulnerate.[383] Le Porta de India in Delhi rememora le circa 90.000 soldados indianos cadite in le Prime Guerra Mundial e in le Guerras Afghan. ==== Secunde Guerra Mundial ==== India Britannic declarava officialmente guerra contra Germania Nazi in septembre 1939.[384] Le Raj Britannic, como parte del Nationes Alliate, inviava plus que duo e medio milliones de soldados voluntari pro combattere sub commando britannic contra le potentes del Asse. In addition, plure statos principes provideva large donationes pro supportar le campania alliate. India etiam provideva le base pro le operationes american in supporto de China in le theatro China–Burma–India. Indianos combatteva ubique in le mundo: in le theatro european contra Germania; in Africa del Nord contra Germania e Italia; contra le italianos in Africa Oriental; in le Medio Oriente contra le francese Vichy; in le region sudasiatic pro defender India contra le japoneses e pro combatter les in Burma. Illes etiam adjutava a liberar colonias britannic como Singapore e Hong Kong post le rendite del Japon in augusto 1945. Plus que 87.000 soldados del subcontinente moriva in le Secunde Guerra Mundial. Le Congresso National Indian denunciava Germania Nazi, ma non voleva combatter ni illo ni altere potentes usque a que India habeva su independentia. Le Congresso lanceava le Movimento Quit India in augusto 1942, refusante co-operar in qualcunque maniera con le governamento usque a que independentia esseva concedite. Le governamento arrestava immediatemente plus que 60.000 dirigentes national e local del Congresso. Le Liga Musulman rejectava le movimento Quit India e collaborava strictemente con le autoritates del Raj. Subhas Chandra Bose (tamben appellate Netaji) se separava del Congresso e tentava formar un alliantia militar con Germania o Japon pro obtener independentia. Le germanos assisteva Bose in le formation del Legion Indian;[385] tamen, esseva Japon que le adjutava a reorganisar le Armea National Indian (INA), post que le prime INA sub Mohan Singh esseva dissolvite. Le INA combatteva sub direction japonese, majormente in Burma.[386] Bose etiam capiteva le Governamento Provisional de India Libere (Azad Hind), un governamento in exilio basate in Singapore.[387][388] Per 1942, le vicin Burma esseva invadite per Japon, que ja habeva capturate le territorio indian del Insulas Andaman e Nicobar. Japon concedeva controlo nominal del insulas al Governamento Provisional de India Libere le 21 octobre 1943. In le mense sequente, le INA con auxilio japonese transiva in India e avantava usque a Kohima in Nagaland. Iste avancio in le continente del subcontinente indian attingeva su puncto plus lontan in territorio indian, ma retrocedeva post le Battalia de Kohima in junio e post illo de Imphal le 3 julio 1944. Le region de Bengal in India Britannic suffreva un fame devastante inter 1940–1943. Se estima que inter 2,1 e 3 milliones de personas moriva a causa del fame, frequentemente characterisate como “artificial”,[389] con le majoritate del fontes affirmante que le politicas colonial del guerra exacerbab le crisis.[390] === Movimento de independentia indian (1885 – 1947) === Le numeros de britannicos in India esseva reducite,[393] ma illes esseva capace de regir 52% del subcontinente indian directemente e de exercer un considerabile influentia super le statos principes que representava le altere 48% del area.[394] Un del eventos le plus importante del seculo XIX esseva le ascension del nationalismo indian,[395] que portava le indianos a recercar primo “autogoverno” e plus tarde “complete independentia”. Tamen, historicos es dividite super le causas de su ascension. Motivos probabile include un “conflicto de interesses inter le populo indian e le interesses britannic”,[395] “discriminationes racial”,[396] e “le revelation del passato de India”.[397] Le prime passo verso le autogoverno indian esseva le nomination de consilieros pro advisar le vice-rege britannic in 1861, e le prime indian esseva nominate in 1909. Consilios provincial con membros indian esseva etiam instaurate. Le participation del consilieros se allargava subsequente-mente in consilios legislative. Le britannicos construiva un grande Armea Indian Britannic, con tote le officiales senior britannic e multe del tropas ex minoritates como le Gurkhas de Nepal e le Sikh.[398] Le servicio civil esseva crescente-mente occupate per indigenas al nivellos inferior, con britannicos reservante le positiones superior.[399] Bal Gangadhar Tilak, un dirigente nationalista indian, declarava Swaraj (autogoverno) como le destino del nation. Su phrase populare “Swaraj es mi jure de nascentia, e io lo habera”[400] deveniva un fonte de inspiration. Tilak esseva supportate per nove dirigentes public como Bipin Chandra Pal e Lala Lajpat Rai, que habeva le mesme puncto de vista; illes advocava in particular le movimento Swadeshi, que consisteva in le boicottar de productos importate e le uso de productos fabricate in India;[401] le triumvirato esseva popularmente cognoscite como Lal Bal Pal. In 1907, le Congresso se divideva in duo factiones: le radicales, guidate per Tilak, advocava agitation civil e revolution directe pro abatter le Imperio Britannic e le abandono de tote cosas britannic. Le moderatos, guidate per dirigentes como Dadabhai Naoroji e Gopal Krishna Gokhale, in cambio voleva reformas intra le quadro del dominio britannic.[401] Le partition de Bengal in 1905 augmentava ulteriormente le movimento revolutionari pro independentia indian. Le privation de derectos electorales induceva alcunos a prender action violente. Le britannicos mesme adoptava un approcho de “carrota e baston” in responsa al demandas nationalista renovate. Le medios pro attinger iste mesuras esseva plus tarde consacrate in le Acto de Governamento de India de 1919, que introduceva le principio de un administration dual, o diarchia, in que legislatores electe indianos e officiales nominate britannicos compartiva le poter.[402] In 1919, le coronello Reginald Dyer ordinava a su tropas de aperir foco contra manifestantes pacific, includente feminas e infantes sin armas, resultante in le massacre de Jallianwala Bagh; iste evento portava al Movimento de Non-cooperation de 1920–1922. Le massacre esseva un episodio decisive verso le fin del dominio britannic in India.[403] Desde 1920, dirigentes como Mahatma Gandhi initiava movimentos de massa multo populare contra le Raj Britannic usante methodos in grande parte pacific. Le movimento de independentia guidate per Gandhi opposeva le dominio britannic per medios non-violente como non-cooperation, disobedientia civil e resistentia economic. Tamen, activitates revolutionari contra le dominio britannic occurreva per tote le subcontinente, e alcunos adoptava un approcho militante, como le Association Republican Hindustan, que tentava abatter le dominio britannic per lotta armate. Le Conferentia Muslim All India Azad se reuniva in Delhi in april 1940 pro exprimer su supporto a un India independente e unite.[404] Su membros includeva plure organisationes islamic in India, como etiam 1.400 delegatos musulman nationalista.[405][406][407] Le Liga Musulman All-India, favorabile al partition, cercava silentiar illes musulman nationalista que opposeva le division de India, sovente per “intimidation e coercition”.[406][407] Le assassinio del dirigente del Conferentia, Allah Bakhsh Soomro, facilitava ancora plus al Liga Musulman All-India le demanda pro le creation de un Pakistan.[407] ==== Post le Secunde Guerra Mundial (c. 1946–1947) ==== In januario 1946, plure mutinationes erumpeva in le servicios armate, comenciante con celle del servitores del RAF, frustrate per lor lente repatriation. Le mutinationes attingeva un puncto culminante con le mutination del Marina Indian Britannic in Bombay in februario 1946, sequite per alteres in Calcutta, Madras e Karachi. Illas esseva rapidemente supprimite. In le initio de 1946, nove electiones esseva proclamate, e candidatos del Congresso ganiava in octo del dece-un provincias. In le fin de 1946, le guberno laburista decideva terminar le dominio britannic de India, e in le initio de 1947 illes annunciava lor intention de transferer le poter non plus tarde que junio 1948 e de participar al formation de un guberno interimari. In ultra del aspiration al independentia, tensiones inter hindos e musulmanos se habeva etiam disveloppate durante annos. Le dirigente del Liga Musulman, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, proclamava le 16 augusto 1946 como le Die de Action Directe, con le objectivo declarate de demonstrar, pacificamente, le demanda pro un patria musulman in India Britannic. Isto resultava in le eruption del cyclo de violentia plus tarde appellate le Grande Massacre de Calcutta de augusto 1946. Le violentia communitari se diffundeva a Bihar, Noakhali in Bengal, Garhmukteshwar in le Provincias Unite, e plus tarde a Rawalpindi in martio 1947, ubi sikh e hindos esseva attaccate o expellite per musulmanos. == Independentia e partition (1947 – presente) == In augusto 1947, le Imperio Indian Britannic esseva dividite in le Union de India e le Dominio de Pakistan. In particular, le partition del Punjab e de Bengal conduceva a disordines inter hindos, musulmanos e sikhs in iste provincias, que se diffundeva a altere regiones vicin, lassante circa 500.000 mortos. Le policia e le unitates del armea esseva in grande parte ineffective. Le officiarios britannic habeva quitate, e le unitates comenciava tolerar, si non mesmo practicar, violentia contra lor inimicos religiose.[409][410][411] Iste periodo etiam testimoniava un del plus grande migrationes de massa in le historia moderne, con un total de circa 12 milliones de hindos, sikhs e musulmanos que se transferiva inter le nove create nationes de India e Pakistan (que ganiava independentia respectivemente le 15 e le 14 augusto 1947).[410] In 1971, Bangladesh, anteriormente Pakistan Oriental e Bengal Oriental, secedeva de Pakistan.[412] == Referentias == {{reflist}} === Fontes === * {{cite book|last1=Antonova|first1=K.A.|author-link1=Koka Antonova|first2=G.|last2=Bongard-Levin|author-link2=Grigory Bongard-Levin|first3=G.|last3=Kotovsky|title=История Индии|trans-title=History of India|year=1979|publisher=Progress|location=Moscow|language=ru}} * {{cite book|last=Arnold|first=David|year=1991|title=Famine: Social Crisis and Historical Change|url=https://archive.org/details/faminesocialcris0000arno|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-0-631-15119-7}} * {{cite book|last1=Asher|first1=C.B.|last2=Talbot|first2=C|year=2006|title=India Before Europe|edition=1st|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=978-0-521-51750-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZvaGuaJIJgoC}} * {{cite book|last=Bandyopadhyay|first=Sekhar|year=2004|title=From Plassey to Partition: A History of Modern India|publisher=Orient Longman|isbn=978-81-250-2596-2}} * {{cite book|last=Bayly|first=Christopher Alan|author-link=Christopher Bayly|year=2000|orig-year=1996|title=Empire and Information: Intelligence Gathering and Social Communication in India, 1780–1870|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-57085-5}} * {{cite book|last1=Bose|first1=Sugata|author1-link=Sugata Bose|last2=Jalal|first2=Ayesha|author2-link=Ayesha Jalal|year=2003|title=Modern South Asia: History, Culture, Political Economy|edition=2nd|publisher=Routledge|isbn=0-415-30787-2}} * {{cite book|last=Brown|first=Judith M.|author-link=Judith M. 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Wright|year=2010|title=The Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy, and Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fwgFPQAACAAJ|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|page=1|isbn=978-0-521-57652-9}} == Lectura additional == === General === * [[A. L. Basham|Basham, A.L.]], ed. ''The Illustrated Cultural History of India'' (Oxford University Press, 2007) * Buckland, C.E. ''Dictionary of Indian Biography'' (1906) 495pp [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_InFTmnS4crYC full text] * Chakrabarti D.K. 2009. India, an archaeological history : palaeolithic beginnings to early historic foundations. * {{cite book|editor-surname=Chattopadhyaya|editor-given=D. P.|editor-link=D. P. Chattopadhyaya|title=[[Project of History of Indian Science, Philosophy and Culture|History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization]]|volume=15-volum + parts Set|place=Delhi|publisher=[[Centre for Studies in Civilizations]]}} * Dharma Kumar and Meghnad Desai, eds. ''The Cambridge Economic History of India: Volume 2, c. 1751–1970'' (2nd ed. 2010), 1114pp of scholarly articles * Guha, Ramachandra. ''India After Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy'' (2007), 890pp; since 1947 * James, Lawrence. ''Raj: The Making and Unmaking of British India'' (2000) [https://archive.org/details/raj00lawr online] * Khan, Yasmin. ''The Raj At War: A People's History Of India's Second World War'' (2015); also published as ''India At War: The Subcontinent and the Second World War'' [https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0199753490/excerpt India At War: The Subcontinent and the Second World War]. * Khan, Yasmin. ''The Great Partition: The Making of India and Pakistan'' (2n d ed. Yale UP 2017) [https://www.amazon.com/Great-Partition-Making-India-Pakistan/dp/030023032X/ excerpt] * Mcleod, John. ''The History of India'' (2002) [https://books.google.com/books?id=DAwmUphO6eAC excerpt and text search] * [[R. C. Majumdar|Majumdar, R.C.]] : ''[[An Advanced History of India]]''. London, 1960. {{ISBN|0-333-90298-X}} * [[R. C. Majumdar|Majumdar, R.C.]] (ed.) : ''[[The History and Culture of the Indian People]]'', Bombay, 1977 (in eleven volumes). * Mansingh, Surjit ''The A to Z of India'' (2010), a concise historical encyclopedia * Markovits, Claude, ed. ''A History of Modern India, 1480–1950'' (2002) by a team of French scholars * Metcalf, Barbara D. and Thomas R. Metcalf. ''A Concise History of Modern India'' (2006) * Peers, Douglas M. ''India under Colonial Rule: 1700–1885'' (2006), 192pp * Riddick, John F. ''The History of British India: A Chronology'' (2006) [https://books.google.com/books?id=Es6x4u_g19UC excerpt] * Riddick, John F. ''Who Was Who in British India'' (1998); 5000 entries [https://books.google.com/books?id=LI8UAQAAIAAJ excerpt] * Rothermund, Dietmar. ''[https://archive.org/details/economichistoryo00roth An Economic History of India: From Pre-Colonial Times to 1991]'' (1993) * [[Ram Sharan Sharma|Sharma, R.S.]], ''[[India's Ancient Past]]'', (Oxford University Press, 2005) * Sarkar, Sumit. ''Modern India, 1885–1947'' (2002) * {{cite book|last=Senior|first=R.C.|title=Indo-Scythian coins and history. Volume IV.|year=2006|publisher=Classical Numismatic Group, Inc.|isbn=978-0-9709268-6-9}} * Singhal, D.P. ''A History of the Indian People'' (1983) * Smith, Vincent. ''The Oxford History of India'' (3rd ed. 1958), old-fashioned * [[Spear, Percival]]. ''A History of India''. Volume 2. Penguin Books. (1990) [First published 1965] * Stein, Burton. ''A History of India'' (1998) * Thapar, Romila. ''Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300'' (2004) [https://books.google.com/books?id=-5irrXX0apQC excerpt and text search] * Thompson, Edward, and G.T. Garratt. ''Rise and Fulfilment of British Rule in India'' (1934) 690 pages; scholarly survey, 1599–1933 [https://books.google.com/books?id=93fnssiWvjoC excerpt and text search] * Tomlinson, B.R. ''The Economy of Modern India, 1860–1970'' (The New Cambridge History of India) (1996) * Tomlinson, B.R. ''The political economy of the Raj, 1914–1947'' (1979) [https://archive.org/details/politicaleconomy0000toml online] * Wolpert, Stanley. ''A New History of India'' (8th ed. 2008) [https://archive.org/details/newhistoryofindi0000wolp online 7th edition] === Historiographia === * {{cite book|last=Bannerjee|first=Gauranganath|year=1921|title=India as known to the ancient world|url=https://archive.org/stream/indiaasknowntoan00banerich#page/n3/mode/2up|location=London|publisher=Humphrey Milford, Oxford University Press}} * {{cite journal|last1=Bayly|first1=C.A.|date=November 1985|title=State and Economy in India over Seven Hundred Years|url=https://archive.org/details/economic-history-review_1985-11_38_4/page/583|journal=The Economic History Review|volume=38|issue=4|pages=583–596|doi=10.1111/j.1468-0289.1985.tb00391.x|jstor=2597191}} * Bose, Mihir. "India's Missing Historians: Mihir Bose Discusses the Paradox That India, a Land of History, Has a Surprisingly Weak Tradition of Historiography", ''History Today'' 57#9 (2007) pp.&nbsp;34–. [https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5023376478 online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915152404/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5023376478 |date=15 September 2011 }} * {{cite book|last1=Elliot|first1=Henry Miers|first2=John|last2=Dowson|year=1867|url=http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D80201010%26ct%3D0|title=The History of India, as told by its own historians. The Muhammadan Period|publisher=London: Trübner and Co.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090825184925/http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D80201010%26ct%3D0|archive-date=25 August 2009}} * {{cite book|last=Kahn|first=Yasmin|chapter=Remembering and Forgetting: South Asia and the Second World War|editor1=Martin Gegner|editor2=Bart Ziino|title=The Heritage of War|publisher=Routledge|year=2011|pages=177–193}} * {{cite book|last=Jain|first=M.|title=The India They Saw: Foreign Accounts|chapter=4|publisher=[[Delhi]]: Ocean Books|year=2011}} * {{cite book|last=Lal|first=Vinay|title=The History of History: Politics and Scholarship in Modern India|year=2003}} * {{cite book|last=Palit|first=Chittabrata|title=Indian Historiography|year=2008}} * {{cite book|author-link=Arvind Sharma|title=Hinduism and Its Sense of History|url=https://archive.org/details/hinduismitssense0000shar|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2003|isbn=978-0-19-566531-4|last=Sharma|first=Arvind}} * {{cite book|first=E.|last=Sreedharan|title=A Textbook of Historiography, 500 B.C. to A.D. 2000|year=2004}} * {{cite book|last=Warder|first=A.K.|title=An introduction to Indian historiography|url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontoin0000ward|year=1972}} === Primari === * {{cite book|title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India|date=1908–1931|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/}} Highly detailed description of all of India in 1901. {{Historia de Asia}} {{Traduction|en|History of India|1300194630}} [[Categoria:Historia de India|*]] tl2w8y4uf3hn2iedf8tt21zq4ej2u2w 0 61021 704196 697030 2026-10-13T05:54:44Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704196 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/persona}} '''Suzanne Hubbell''' (nascite '''Gilbert'''; 28 de januario 1935 – 13 de octobre 2018) esseva un autora american. Su libros ''A Country Year'' e ''A Book of Bees'' esseva seligite per le ''Book Review'' de ''[[The New York Times]]'' como Libros Notabile del Anno. Illa scribeva tamben pro ''[[The New Yorker]]'', le [[Saint Louis Post-Dispatch|''St. Louis Post-Dispatch'']], [[Smithsonian (magazine)|''Smithsonian'']] e [[Time (magazine)|''Time'']],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070310232556/http://www.time.com/time/searchresults?query=%20SUE%20HUBBELL Archivo del magazin ''Time'' ]</ref> e esseva un collaboratrice frequente del columna "Hers" de ''The New York Times''.<ref>[http://reviews.publishersweekly.com/bd.aspx?isbn=039455146X&pub=pw ''Publishers Weekly''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310224209/http://reviews.publishersweekly.com/bd.aspx?isbn=039455146X&pub=pw |date=2007-03-10 }}, 28 de februario 1986</ref> Sue Hubbell nasceva e cresceva in [[Kalamazoo, Michigan|Kalamazoo]], [[Michigan]]. Illa studieva biologia e esseva bibliothecaria al [[Universitate Brown]] usque a 1972, quando illa e su sposo se moveva al [[Ozarks]] de [[Missouri]].<ref>[http://mdc.mo.gov/conmag/1996/01/10.html ''Missouri Conservationist Online''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051230223204/http://www.mdc.mo.gov/conmag/1996/01/10.html |date=2005-12-30 }} Vol. 57, No. 1, januario 1996</ref> Hubbell viveva tamben in [[Washington, D.C.]] e [[Milbridge, Maine]].<ref>[http://www.keywestliteraryseminar.org/science/hubbell.html Key West Literary Seminar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060207055408/http://www.keywestliteraryseminar.org/science/hubbell.html |date=2006-02-07 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.ellsworthamerican.com/living/arts-a-living/wonders-of-nature-celebrated-in-new-book/ Wonders of Nature Celebrated in New Book - The Ellsworth American] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116222407/https://www.ellsworthamerican.com/living/arts-a-living/wonders-of-nature-celebrated-in-new-book/ |date=2022-01-16 }} Recuperate le 2017-04-28.</ref> Illa esseva le soror del autor Bil Gilbert, qui tamben scribe super historia natural. Hubbell moriva le 13 de octobre 2018, al etate de 83 annos, in [[Bar Harbor, Maine]], debite a complicationes de dementia.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/18/obituaries/sue-hubbell-dead.html |title = Sue Hubbell, Who Wrote of Bees and Self-Reliance, Dies at 83 - The New York Times|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 18 October 2018|last1 = Genzlinger|first1 = Neil}}</ref> ==Publicationes== Le libros de Sue Hubbell include:<ref>[http://www.houghtonmifflinbooks.com/catalog/authordetail.cfm?authorID=660 Houghton Mifflin Books]</ref><ref>[http://catalog.loc.gov/ Library of Congress]</ref> *''A Country Year: Living the Questions.''&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Random House (1986) {{ISBN|0-394-54603-2}} *''A Book of Bees: And How to Keep Them.''&nbsp;&nbsp;Boston: Houghton Mifflin (1988) {{ISBN|0-395-88324-5}} *''On This Hilltop.''&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Ballantine Books (1991) {{ISBN|0-345-37306-5}} *''Broadsides from the Other Orders: A Book of Bugs.''&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Random House (1993) {{ISBN|0-679-40062-1}} *''Far-flung Hubbell.''&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Random House (1995) {{ISBN|0-679-42833-X}} *''Waiting for Aphrodite: Journeys into the Time Before Bones.''&nbsp;&nbsp;Boston: Houghton Mifflin (1999) {{ISBN|0-395-83703-0}} *''Shrinking the Cat: Genetic Engineering Before We Knew About Genes.'' (2001) *''From Here to There and Back Again.''&nbsp;&nbsp;Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press (2004) {{ISBN|0-472-11419-0}} {{Referentias}} ==Ligamines externe== *[http://suehubbell.com/ ''Un bibliographia de su libros, articulos, essayos, introductiones, prefacios e recensiones''] {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hubbell, Sue}} [[Categoria:Nascentias in 1935]] [[Categoria:Mortes in 2018]] [[Categoria:Scriptores feminin american]] [[Categoria:Scriptores de Missouri]] [[Categoria:Scriptores de Kalamazoo, Michigan]] [[Categoria:Personas de Milbridge, Maine]] [[Categoria:Feminas american del seculo 21]] [[Categoria:Bibliothecarias american]] nxc4r7iz62xrrn7hrbcee8negya0y3i 2 61141 704165 704159 2026-10-12T12:25:57Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Historia */ 704165 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Mando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographico National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Francia === * [[Turre Eiffel]] * [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] * [[Panthéon]] * [[Opera Garnier]] * [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] * [[Lutetia]] * [[Palatio del Louvre]] * [[Sainte-Chapelle]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] * [[Campo de Marte]] * [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] * [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] * [[Palatio Bourbon]] * [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * [[Archivos public in Francia]] * [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Chimia ==== * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] === Historia === * [[Revolution francese]] * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] *** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] tmqqc6wwjbucbx7nf0cojdj7vxgrkde 704166 704165 2026-10-12T12:26:20Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Historia */ 704166 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Mando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographico National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Francia === * [[Turre Eiffel]] * [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] * [[Panthéon]] * [[Opera Garnier]] * [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] * [[Lutetia]] * [[Palatio del Louvre]] * [[Sainte-Chapelle]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] * [[Campo de Marte]] * [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] * [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] * [[Palatio Bourbon]] * [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * [[Archivos public in Francia]] * [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Chimia ==== * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] === Historia === * [[Revolution francese]] * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] * [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] 3vfdb44mktcngwrvooc1ag70u7q1idw 704171 704166 2026-10-12T12:46:29Z Interlingvisto 60932 704171 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Mando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographico National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Francia === * [[Turre Eiffel]] * [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] * [[Panthéon]] * [[Opera Garnier]] * [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] * [[Lutetia]] * [[Palatio del Louvre]] * [[Sainte-Chapelle]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] * [[Campo de Marte]] * [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] * [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] * [[Palatio Bourbon]] * [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * [[Archivos public in Francia]] * [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Chimia ==== * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] === Historia === * [[Revolution francese]] * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] ij7g1tied7cjxibhy01t14r7jse15v6 704177 704171 2026-10-12T18:19:54Z Interlingvisto 60932 704177 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographico National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Francia === * [[Turre Eiffel]] * [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] * [[Panthéon]] * [[Opera Garnier]] * [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] * [[Lutetia]] * [[Palatio del Louvre]] * [[Sainte-Chapelle]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] * [[Campo de Marte]] * [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] * [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] * [[Palatio Bourbon]] * [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * [[Archivos public in Francia]] * [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Chimia ==== * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] === Historia === * [[Revolution francese]] * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] qneij6xy3xvt3zi02abmjjtmemom232 704199 704177 2026-10-13T06:29:07Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Historia */ 704199 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographico National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Francia === * [[Turre Eiffel]] * [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] * [[Panthéon]] * [[Opera Garnier]] * [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] * [[Lutetia]] * [[Palatio del Louvre]] * [[Sainte-Chapelle]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] * [[Campo de Marte]] * [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] * [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] * [[Palatio Bourbon]] * [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * [[Archivos public in Francia]] * [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Chimia ==== * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] === Historia === * [[Revolution francese]] * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] ** [[Attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026]] === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] hk3r4hyf689tbcoybbg4ghui95awgq9 704202 704199 2026-10-13T06:48:48Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Historia */ 704202 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographico National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Francia === * [[Turre Eiffel]] * [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] * [[Panthéon]] * [[Opera Garnier]] * [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] * [[Lutetia]] * [[Palatio del Louvre]] * [[Sainte-Chapelle]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] * [[Campo de Marte]] * [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] * [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] * [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] * [[Palatio Bourbon]] * [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * [[Archivos public in Francia]] * [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Chimia ==== * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] === Historia === * [[Revolution francese]] * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian 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** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] dsbrcb578ndfsbh5gwqee2f4j3x3ixv 0 61661 704188 703665 2026-10-13T01:57:37Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''eviction de Maricarmen Abascal''' esseva le eviction judicial executate le 23 de septembre 2026 contra un femina de 87 annos que habita desde 1956 in un domicilio del calle Alcalde Sáinz de Baranda, in le district del Retiro de [[Madrid]]. Le caso habeva su origine in un controversia juridic super le duration de un contrato de alquiler de renta antique e deveniva posteriormente un del casos plus visibile del debate super le derecto al allogiamento in Espania. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://efe.com/espana/2026-09-23/desahucio-casa-maricarmen-madrid/ |title=Ejecutado en Madrid el desahucio de Maricarmen, la anciana de 87 años |publisher=Agencia EFE |date=23 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le execution del eviction esseva sequite per manifestationes in Madrid e in altere citates, includente un campamento in le Puerta del Sol initiate le 26 de septembre. Le caso deveniva assi associate al mobilisation national super le derecto al allogiamento e le protection del personas inquilinas. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-acampada-puerta-sol-marcha-vivienda-exigir-aprobacion-decreto-maricarmen-20260926215002.html |title=Acampada en la Puerta del Sol tras la marcha por la vivienda para exigir la aprobación del 'decreto Maricarmen' |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Origine del contrato == Le domicilio esseva occupate per Maricarmen Abascal desde 1956, quando le contrato de alquiler esseva originalemente signate per un membro de su familia. Post le morte del titular initial, le contrat passava a su familia per duo subrogationes successiv. Maricarmen deveniva le titular del contrato post le morte de su matre in 2005. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/madrid/noticia-alquiler-1956-supremo-recorrido-judicial-acabo-desahucio-maricarmen-20260926075349.html |title=De un alquiler de 1956 al Supremo: el recorrido judicial que acabó con el desahucio de Maricarmen |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le controverse juridic concerneva precisamente le duration del secunde subrogation. Le proprietate sosteneva que le subrogation non poteva haber character vitalic e que le contrato habeva expirate secundo le dispositiones transitori del Lege de Arrendamentos Urban (LAU) de 1994. Le controverse dependeva inter altere elementos del interpretation del exception relative al grado de incapacitate del arrendataria. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/madrid/noticia-alquiler-1956-supremo-recorrido-judicial-acabo-desahucio-maricarmen-20260926075349.html |title=De un alquiler de 1956 al Supremo: el recorrido judicial que acabó con el desahucio de Maricarmen |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Acquisition del domicilio == Le proprietate del domicilio esseva acquirite per ''Urbagestión Desarrollo e Inversión S.L.'' in 2018. Post le acquisition, le societate communica que illo se habeva subrogate in le derectos e obligationes del proprietario precedente e continua a reciper le renta. Ulteriormente, le proprietate requireva information super le conditiones del subrogation del contrato. <ref name="efe">{{cite web |url=https://efe.com/verifica/2026-09-25/que-sabemos-desahucio-maricarmen/ |title=Qué sabemos del desahucio de Maricarmen: el contrato, la discapacidad y las alternativas ofrecidas |publisher=EFE Verifica |date=25 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Secundo le information publicate durante le processo, Urbagestión questionava le continuation del contrato de renta antique e initiava le procedimento judicial que finalmente conduceva al desahucio. Le proprietate e le representantes de Maricarmen habeva opiniones differente super le interpretation del contrato e super le solutiones que esseva possibile ante le execution del lanzamiento.<ref name="efe"/> == Procedimento judicial == Le prime decision judicial esseva favorabile a Maricarmen. Le Audiencia Provincial de Madrid revocava posteriormente iste decision e declarava extinguite le contrato per expiration del termino applicable al secunde subrogation. Le caso esseva ulteriormente portate ante le Tribunal Supreme. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/madrid/noticia-alquiler-1956-supremo-recorrido-judicial-acabo-desahucio-maricarmen-20260926075349.html |title=De un alquiler de 1956 al Supremo: el recorrido judicial que acabó con el desahucio de Maricarmen |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le Tribunal Supreme, per un auto del 13 de decembre 2023, inadmitteva le recurso de cassation e lassava ferme le decision del Audiencia Provincial. Le interpretation retenite esseva que le secunde subrogation esseva subjecte al limite temporal previde per le legislation, proque le exception concernente un incapacitate equal o superior a 65 % non esseva applicabile secundo le decision judicial. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/madrid/noticia-alquiler-1956-supremo-recorrido-judicial-acabo-desahucio-maricarmen-20260926075349.html |title=De un alquiler de 1956 al Supremo: el recorrido judicial que acabó con el desahucio de Maricarmen |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le Audiencia constatava tamen que, post le expiration del termino considerate applicabile al contrato, Maricarmen habeva continuate a pagar le renta e a habitar le domicilio. Le juridiction concludeva que un tacite reconduction habeva prolongate le occupation del allogiamento, ma finalmente declarava le contrato resolvite per expiration del termino. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/madrid/noticia-alquiler-1956-supremo-recorrido-judicial-acabo-desahucio-maricarmen-20260926075349.html |title=De un alquiler de 1956 al Supremo: el recorrido judicial que acabó con el desahucio de Maricarmen |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Tentativas de solution == Ante le execution del eviction, esseva presentate diverse propositiones pro permitter que Maricarmen remaneva in le domicilio. Le proprietate proposeva un solution de urgentia, ma le Ayuntamiento de Madrid considerava inicialmente que le proposition non esseva viable in le forma presentate e se offereva a mediar inter le partes. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20260925/urbagestion-duena-del-piso-maricarmen-envia-propuesta-ayuntamiento-para-pueda-volver-a-casa/17241114.shtml |title=El Ayuntamiento descarta la propuesta de Urbagestión para que Maricarmen vuelva a casa y se ofrece a mediar |publisher=RTVE |date=25 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le processo judicial deveniva definitive ante le execution del lanzamiento. Le 23 de septembre 2026, le commission judicial executava le desahucio. Maricarmen esseva transferite in ambulantia al Hospital Gregorio Marañón post haber sortite del domicilio in camilla. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://efe.com/espana/2026-09-23/desahucio-casa-maricarmen-madrid/ |title=Ejecutado en Madrid el desahucio de Maricarmen, la anciana de 87 años |publisher=Agencia EFE |date=23 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Manifestationes e campamento == Le eviction provocava un grande manifestation in Madrid le 26 de septembre 2026, convocate per le Sindicato de Inquilinas e Inquilinos de Madrid. Le manifestation se moveva desde le Puerta del Sol verso Cibeles e le Congresso del Deputatos. Secundo le Delegation del Governo, circa 25 000 personas participava; le organisation convocante provideva un cifra multo superior. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://efe.com/espana/2026-09-26/multitudinaria-protesta-desahucio-maricarmen-madrid/ |title=Miles de personas protestan por el desahucio de Maricarmen en Madrid |publisher=Agencia EFE |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260927073554/https://efe.com/espana/2026-09-26/multitudinaria-protesta-desahucio-maricarmen-madrid/ |archivedate=27 September 2026 |accessdate=1 October 2026}}</ref> Post le manifestation, participantes installava un campamento in le Puerta del Sol e demandava mesuras legislative super le allogiamento, le desahucios e le contratos de alquiler. Le mobilisation adopta le expression «Decreto Maricarmen» pro designar un serie de mesuras demandate per le organisationes participante. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/economia/noticia-decreto-maricarmen-piden-acampada-puerta-sol-20260929075955.html |title='Decreto Maricarmen': qué es y qué piden en la acampada de la Puerta del Sol |publisher=Europa Press |date=29 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Accordio pro le retorno == Le 28 de septembre 2026, Urbagestión e le representantes de Maricarmen attingeva un accordio mediante un negotiation facilitate per le Empresa Municipal de la Vivienda y Suelo de Madrid (EMVS). Le accordio permitteva a Maricarmen retornar al domicilio como arrendataria con un nove contrato. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://elpais.com/espana/madrid/2026-09-28/urbagestion-llega-a-un-acuerdo-con-los-representantes-de-maricarmen-para-que-vuelva-a-su-casa.html |title=Urbagestión llega a un acuerdo con los representantes de Maricarmen para que vuelva a su casa |publisher=El País |date=28 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le nove contrato ha un duration de octo annos e le renta es determinate in relation con le ingresos del arrendataria, con un limite de 30 % del su ingresos net. Le accordio es gestionate mediante le Servicio de Intermediación del Alquiler del EMVS, que include servicios de asesoramento e certe garanties pro le arrendataria e le proprietate. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://elpais.com/espana/madrid/2026-09-29/maricarmen-acepta-el-acuerdo-y-volvera-a-su-casa-cuando-le-den-de-alta-del-hospital.html |title=Maricarmen acepta el acuerdo y volverá a su casa cuando le den de alta del hospital |publisher=El País |date=29 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le 29 de septembre, Maricarmen acceptava le accordio e esseva annunciate que illa poterea retornar al domicilio post su discharge del hospital. Le nove contrato es distincte del ancian contrato de 1956 e non representa le continuation juridic de illo. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.es/politica/maricarmen-acepta-acuerdo-podra-volver-casa-reciba-alta-f202609.html |title=Maricarmen acepta el acuerdo y podrá volver a su casa cuando reciba el alta |publisher=HuffPost España |date=29 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Signification public == Le caso ha devenite un exemplo central del debate super le protection del personas inquilinas vulnerabile, le duration del contratas de renta antique e le accesso al allogiamento in Espania. Le eviction e le posterior accordio esseva etiam un del factores que contribueva al mobilisation del septembre 2026 e al campamento del Puerta del Sol. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-acampada-puerta-sol-marcha-vivienda-exigir-aprobacion-decreto-maricarmen-20260926215002.html |title=Acampada en la Puerta del Sol tras la marcha por la vivienda para exigir la aprobación del 'decreto Maricarmen' |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le caso combina assi un processo juridic de longa duration, un controverse super le interpretation de un contrato de renta antique e un mobilisation social super le derecto al allogiamento. Le retorno de Maricarmen al domicilio in un nove contrato resolveva le situation individual, durante que le debates legislative e social plus large super le allogiamento continuava. == Referentias == <references /> [[Categoria:Espania in 2026]] [[Categoria:Allogiamento in Espania]] [[Categoria:Historia de Madrid]] [[Categoria:Manifestationes e protestas in 2026]] [[Categoria:Manifestationes e protestas in Espania]] [[Categoria:XV Legislatura de Espania]] 129kvuy7a59tb0vf1k1zbais0tdz6if 0 61753 704173 701960 2026-10-12T16:22:45Z Tortoise0308 17411 es -> ia: mando -> commando, speciales -> special, personale -> personal; pat:In lingua. 704173 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Commando de Operationes Special''' ({{in lingua|es|Mando de Operationes Especial}}: MOE) es un commando del [[Armea de Terra (Espania)|Armea de Terra de Espania]] que integra unitates de [[operationes special]] e unitates de supporto, organisate e instruite pro realisar iste typo de operationes in le quadro del structura operative del [[Fortias Armate de Espania]]. Su sede se trova in le Acuartelamiento Alférez Rojas Navarrete, in Rabasa, Alicante. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le MOE ha un organisation distincte del structura conventional del Armea de Terra, adaptate al particularitates del operationes speciales. Su direction es exercite per un General de Brigada, e le organisation del unitates permitte le exercitio del commandamento desde le nivello del equipos operative usque al nivellos superior de consilio e conduccion. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Function e mission == Le mission del MOE es preparar e poner a disposition le capacitate de operationes speciales del Armea de Terra, integrate in le structura operative que corresponde al mission assignate. Le operationes speciales emplea proceduras e medios specific pro attinger objectivos strategic, operational o tactic que non pote esser executate per le mesme methodos que le fortias conventional. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le operationes special pote esser executate in differente situationes e requiri un alto nivello de preparation, specialisation, interoperabilitate e capacitate de disveloppamento in ambientes national e multinational. Le MOE prepara su unitates pro esser employate in iste quadro secundo le direction operative establite per le autoritates del Fortias Armate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organisation == Secundo le information official del Armea de Terra, le MOE comprende le sequente organos e unitates principal: * Quartel General del MOE. * Gruppo de Quartel General. * Gruppo de Operationes Special «Valencia III». * Gruppo de Operationes Special «Tercio del Ampurdán IV». * Bandiera de Operationes Special «Caballero Legionario Maderal Oleaga XIX». * Unitate Logistic del MOE. Iste organisation es destinate a reunir sub un commandamento unic le capacitate operative, le supporto e le medios necessari al preparation e execution del missiones de operationes speciales. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation interne del MOE es differente del organisation traditional del Armea de Terra. Le nivellos de commandamento es adaptate al exigentias del operationes speciales e permitte le adoption de decisiones al nivello le plus appropriate pro le execution de un mission. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Unitates de operationes special == Le unitates operative del MOE es organisate pro realisar missiones in le quadro del operationes special. Le Gruppos de Operationes Speciales (GOE) constitue le principal formationes operative del commando, mentre le Bandera de Operationes Speciales del Legion forma parte del structura del MOE. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le unitates del MOE es capabile de operar in differente ambientes e de esser integrate in formationes national o multinational. Le preparation comprende le utilisation de proceduras specialisate e le cooperation con altere componentes del Fortias Armate e con forzas de paises alleate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Preparation e instruction == Le preparation del personal del MOE include un alto nivello de instruction militar e specialisation. Le formation del personal del operationes speciales se face in collaboration con le Escuela Militar de Montaña e Operaciones Especiales (EMMOE), situate in Jaca, Huesca, que es le centro del Armea de Terra specialisate in iste campo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defensa.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa/2015/09/DGC-150917-morenes-MOE.html |titulo=El ministro de Defensa visita el Mando de Operaciones Especiales |sitioweb=Ministerio de Defensa |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le preparation es orientate al execution de missiones in ambientes complexe e al integration con formationes national e multinational. Le instruction include le preparation del personal, le adestramento del unitates e le perfectionamento del proceduras necessari pro le operationes speciales. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Operationes international == Le unitates de operationes speciales del Armea de Terra ha participate in operationes international desde le initio del annos 1990. Le Ministerio de Defensa mentiona participationes in operationes in Afghanistan, Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq, Libano, Mali, Mozambique e Republica Centroafrican. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defensa.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa/2015/09/DGC-150917-morenes-MOE.html |titulo=El ministro de Defensa visita el Mando de Operaciones Especiales |sitioweb=Ministerio de Defensa |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le participation in operationes multinational require le integration del unitates in structuras de commandamento commun e le capacitate de operar con fortias special de altere paises. Le MOE ha participation in exercitios e activitates international destinate a augmentar le interoperabilitate e le preparation del unitates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relation con le Commando de Operationes == Le Commando de Operationes (MOPS) es un organo del [[Stato Major del Defensa]] responsabile del planification operative, del conduccion e del sequimento del operationes militar. Le MOPS consilia le [[Capite del Stato Major del Defensa]] in le conduccion strategic del operationes e supervisiona le preparation e le disponibilitate operative del commandos e fortias assignate al structura operative. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/eli/es/rd/2020/05/19/521/con |titulo=Real Decreto 521/2020, de 19 de mayo, por el que se establece la organización básica de las Fuerzas Armadas |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le MOE, in contrasto, es un commando del Armea de Terra que genera e prepara le capacitate terrestre de operationes speciales. Illo non debe esser confundite con le Commando Conjuncte de Operationes Special (MCOE), que es un commando permanentemente constituite sub le Commando de Operationes pro le planification, conduccion e sequimento del operationes speciales que le sia determinate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/eli/es/rd/2020/05/19/521/con |titulo=Real Decreto 521/2020, artículo 11 |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le MCOE es un organo interforzas que integra personal proveniente del Armea de Terra, del Armada e del Armea del Aire e del Spatio. Su function es promover le doctrina conjuncte, le tacticas, technicas e proceduras commun e le interoperabilitate del unitates de operationes speciales del Fortias Armate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/reportajes/2015/02_mandoconjunto_OEs.html |titulo=Con paso firme hacia la capacidad operativa plena |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Sede == Le sede del MOE es le Acuartelamiento Alférez Rojas Navarrete, in le quartiero de Rabasa, Alicante. Le installationes del commando es dedicate al commandamento, preparation e supporto del unitates de operationes speciales. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Pro le instruction e adestramento, le MOE dispone etiam de areas e installationes de preparation proxime al sede, inter le quales le campo de tiro de Foncalent e le campo de manovras e tiro de Agost. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defensa.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa/2015/09/DGC-150917-morenes-MOE.html |titulo=El ministro de Defensa visita el Mando de Operaciones Especiales |sitioweb=Ministerio de Defensa |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Historia == Le actual MOE es le resultato del evolution del unitates de operationes speciales del Armea de Terra. Le origine del tradition moderne del operationes speciales in le Armea de Terra es associate con le creation del prime Companias de Operationes Special (COE) in le annos 1960. Le posterior creation del Gruppos de Operationes Special e lor integration in un structura de commandamento commun conduceva al creation del MOE in 1997. Le sede del Jefatura del MOE esseva inicialmente in Jaca, Huesca, ante su transferimento a Rabasa, Alicante, ubi le commando se trova actualmente. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le evolution del MOE ha correspondite al transformation del operationes speciales in le Fortias Armate moderne, con un major integration inter le unitates, le development de capacitate de commandamento e le participation in operationes multinational. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/reportajes/2015/02_mandoconjunto_OEs.html |titulo=Con paso firme hacia la capacidad operativa plena |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Referentias == <references /> [[Categoria:Institutiones e organismos con sede in Alicante]] [[Categoria:Unitates del Armea de Terra de Espania]] [[Categoria:Regnato de Juan Carlos I]] [[Categoria:Unitates militar historic de Espania]] [[Categoria:Regnato de Felipe VI de Espania]] [[Categoria:Organisationes fundate in 1961]] [[Categoria:Espania in 1961]] [[Categoria:Institutiones del Communitate Valencian]] [[Categoria:Fortias armate in le Communitate Valencian]] [[Categoria:Unitates de operationes special de Espania]] a725xq6xinstac0kf1961crkd6fss6z 704174 704173 2026-10-12T16:30:07Z Tortoise0308 17411 orthographia (es): Especiales. 704174 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Commando de Operationes Special''' ({{in lingua|es|Mando de Operationes Especiales}}: MOE) es un commando del [[Armea de Terra (Espania)|Armea de Terra de Espania]] que integra unitates de [[operationes special]] e unitates de supporto, organisate e instruite pro realisar iste typo de operationes in le quadro del structura operative del [[Fortias Armate de Espania]]. Su sede se trova in le Acuartelamiento Alférez Rojas Navarrete, in Rabasa, Alicante. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le MOE ha un organisation distincte del structura conventional del Armea de Terra, adaptate al particularitates del operationes speciales. Su direction es exercite per un General de Brigada, e le organisation del unitates permitte le exercitio del commandamento desde le nivello del equipos operative usque al nivellos superior de consilio e conduccion. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Function e mission == Le mission del MOE es preparar e poner a disposition le capacitate de operationes speciales del Armea de Terra, integrate in le structura operative que corresponde al mission assignate. Le operationes speciales emplea proceduras e medios specific pro attinger objectivos strategic, operational o tactic que non pote esser executate per le mesme methodos que le fortias conventional. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le operationes special pote esser executate in differente situationes e requiri un alto nivello de preparation, specialisation, interoperabilitate e capacitate de disveloppamento in ambientes national e multinational. Le MOE prepara su unitates pro esser employate in iste quadro secundo le direction operative establite per le autoritates del Fortias Armate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organisation == Secundo le information official del Armea de Terra, le MOE comprende le sequente organos e unitates principal: * Quartel General del MOE. * Gruppo de Quartel General. * Gruppo de Operationes Special «Valencia III». * Gruppo de Operationes Special «Tercio del Ampurdán IV». * Bandiera de Operationes Special «Caballero Legionario Maderal Oleaga XIX». * Unitate Logistic del MOE. Iste organisation es destinate a reunir sub un commandamento unic le capacitate operative, le supporto e le medios necessari al preparation e execution del missiones de operationes speciales. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation interne del MOE es differente del organisation traditional del Armea de Terra. Le nivellos de commandamento es adaptate al exigentias del operationes speciales e permitte le adoption de decisiones al nivello le plus appropriate pro le execution de un mission. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Unitates de operationes special == Le unitates operative del MOE es organisate pro realisar missiones in le quadro del operationes special. Le Gruppos de Operationes Speciales (GOE) constitue le principal formationes operative del commando, mentre le Bandera de Operationes Speciales del Legion forma parte del structura del MOE. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le unitates del MOE es capabile de operar in differente ambientes e de esser integrate in formationes national o multinational. Le preparation comprende le utilisation de proceduras specialisate e le cooperation con altere componentes del Fortias Armate e con forzas de paises alleate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Preparation e instruction == Le preparation del personal del MOE include un alto nivello de instruction militar e specialisation. Le formation del personal del operationes speciales se face in collaboration con le Escuela Militar de Montaña e Operaciones Especiales (EMMOE), situate in Jaca, Huesca, que es le centro del Armea de Terra specialisate in iste campo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defensa.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa/2015/09/DGC-150917-morenes-MOE.html |titulo=El ministro de Defensa visita el Mando de Operaciones Especiales |sitioweb=Ministerio de Defensa |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le preparation es orientate al execution de missiones in ambientes complexe e al integration con formationes national e multinational. Le instruction include le preparation del personal, le adestramento del unitates e le perfectionamento del proceduras necessari pro le operationes speciales. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Operationes international == Le unitates de operationes speciales del Armea de Terra ha participate in operationes international desde le initio del annos 1990. Le Ministerio de Defensa mentiona participationes in operationes in Afghanistan, Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq, Libano, Mali, Mozambique e Republica Centroafrican. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defensa.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa/2015/09/DGC-150917-morenes-MOE.html |titulo=El ministro de Defensa visita el Mando de Operaciones Especiales |sitioweb=Ministerio de Defensa |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le participation in operationes multinational require le integration del unitates in structuras de commandamento commun e le capacitate de operar con fortias special de altere paises. Le MOE ha participation in exercitios e activitates international destinate a augmentar le interoperabilitate e le preparation del unitates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relation con le Commando de Operationes == Le Commando de Operationes (MOPS) es un organo del [[Stato Major del Defensa]] responsabile del planification operative, del conduccion e del sequimento del operationes militar. Le MOPS consilia le [[Capite del Stato Major del Defensa]] in le conduccion strategic del operationes e supervisiona le preparation e le disponibilitate operative del commandos e fortias assignate al structura operative. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/eli/es/rd/2020/05/19/521/con |titulo=Real Decreto 521/2020, de 19 de mayo, por el que se establece la organización básica de las Fuerzas Armadas |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le MOE, in contrasto, es un commando del Armea de Terra que genera e prepara le capacitate terrestre de operationes speciales. Illo non debe esser confundite con le Commando Conjuncte de Operationes Special (MCOE), que es un commando permanentemente constituite sub le Commando de Operationes pro le planification, conduccion e sequimento del operationes speciales que le sia determinate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/eli/es/rd/2020/05/19/521/con |titulo=Real Decreto 521/2020, artículo 11 |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le MCOE es un organo interforzas que integra personal proveniente del Armea de Terra, del Armada e del Armea del Aire e del Spatio. Su function es promover le doctrina conjuncte, le tacticas, technicas e proceduras commun e le interoperabilitate del unitates de operationes speciales del Fortias Armate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/reportajes/2015/02_mandoconjunto_OEs.html |titulo=Con paso firme hacia la capacidad operativa plena |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Sede == Le sede del MOE es le Acuartelamiento Alférez Rojas Navarrete, in le quartiero de Rabasa, Alicante. Le installationes del commando es dedicate al commandamento, preparation e supporto del unitates de operationes speciales. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Pro le instruction e adestramento, le MOE dispone etiam de areas e installationes de preparation proxime al sede, inter le quales le campo de tiro de Foncalent e le campo de manovras e tiro de Agost. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defensa.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa/2015/09/DGC-150917-morenes-MOE.html |titulo=El ministro de Defensa visita el Mando de Operaciones Especiales |sitioweb=Ministerio de Defensa |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Historia == Le actual MOE es le resultato del evolution del unitates de operationes speciales del Armea de Terra. Le origine del tradition moderne del operationes speciales in le Armea de Terra es associate con le creation del prime Companias de Operationes Special (COE) in le annos 1960. Le posterior creation del Gruppos de Operationes Special e lor integration in un structura de commandamento commun conduceva al creation del MOE in 1997. Le sede del Jefatura del MOE esseva inicialmente in Jaca, Huesca, ante su transferimento a Rabasa, Alicante, ubi le commando se trova actualmente. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le evolution del MOE ha correspondite al transformation del operationes speciales in le Fortias Armate moderne, con un major integration inter le unitates, le development de capacitate de commandamento e le participation in operationes multinational. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/reportajes/2015/02_mandoconjunto_OEs.html |titulo=Con paso firme hacia la capacidad operativa plena |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Referentias == <references /> [[Categoria:Institutiones e organismos con sede in Alicante]] [[Categoria:Unitates del Armea de Terra de Espania]] [[Categoria:Regnato de Juan Carlos I]] [[Categoria:Unitates militar historic de Espania]] [[Categoria:Regnato de Felipe VI de Espania]] [[Categoria:Organisationes fundate in 1961]] [[Categoria:Espania in 1961]] [[Categoria:Institutiones del Communitate Valencian]] [[Categoria:Fortias armate in le Communitate Valencian]] [[Categoria:Unitates de operationes special de Espania]] pjum20r0bs91tu8eq4obbr8fapcey13 704175 704174 2026-10-12T16:31:34Z Tortoise0308 17411 Tortoise0308 ha renominate le pagina [[Mando de Operationes Special]] a [[Commando de Operationes Special]] sin lassar un redirection: Titulo mal orthographiate 704174 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Commando de Operationes Special''' ({{in lingua|es|Mando de Operationes Especiales}}: MOE) es un commando del [[Armea de Terra (Espania)|Armea de Terra de Espania]] que integra unitates de [[operationes special]] e unitates de supporto, organisate e instruite pro realisar iste typo de operationes in le quadro del structura operative del [[Fortias Armate de Espania]]. Su sede se trova in le Acuartelamiento Alférez Rojas Navarrete, in Rabasa, Alicante. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le MOE ha un organisation distincte del structura conventional del Armea de Terra, adaptate al particularitates del operationes speciales. Su direction es exercite per un General de Brigada, e le organisation del unitates permitte le exercitio del commandamento desde le nivello del equipos operative usque al nivellos superior de consilio e conduccion. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Function e mission == Le mission del MOE es preparar e poner a disposition le capacitate de operationes speciales del Armea de Terra, integrate in le structura operative que corresponde al mission assignate. Le operationes speciales emplea proceduras e medios specific pro attinger objectivos strategic, operational o tactic que non pote esser executate per le mesme methodos que le fortias conventional. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le operationes special pote esser executate in differente situationes e requiri un alto nivello de preparation, specialisation, interoperabilitate e capacitate de disveloppamento in ambientes national e multinational. Le MOE prepara su unitates pro esser employate in iste quadro secundo le direction operative establite per le autoritates del Fortias Armate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organisation == Secundo le information official del Armea de Terra, le MOE comprende le sequente organos e unitates principal: * Quartel General del MOE. * Gruppo de Quartel General. * Gruppo de Operationes Special «Valencia III». * Gruppo de Operationes Special «Tercio del Ampurdán IV». * Bandiera de Operationes Special «Caballero Legionario Maderal Oleaga XIX». * Unitate Logistic del MOE. Iste organisation es destinate a reunir sub un commandamento unic le capacitate operative, le supporto e le medios necessari al preparation e execution del missiones de operationes speciales. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation interne del MOE es differente del organisation traditional del Armea de Terra. Le nivellos de commandamento es adaptate al exigentias del operationes speciales e permitte le adoption de decisiones al nivello le plus appropriate pro le execution de un mission. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Unitates de operationes special == Le unitates operative del MOE es organisate pro realisar missiones in le quadro del operationes special. Le Gruppos de Operationes Speciales (GOE) constitue le principal formationes operative del commando, mentre le Bandera de Operationes Speciales del Legion forma parte del structura del MOE. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le unitates del MOE es capabile de operar in differente ambientes e de esser integrate in formationes national o multinational. Le preparation comprende le utilisation de proceduras specialisate e le cooperation con altere componentes del Fortias Armate e con forzas de paises alleate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Preparation e instruction == Le preparation del personal del MOE include un alto nivello de instruction militar e specialisation. Le formation del personal del operationes speciales se face in collaboration con le Escuela Militar de Montaña e Operaciones Especiales (EMMOE), situate in Jaca, Huesca, que es le centro del Armea de Terra specialisate in iste campo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defensa.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa/2015/09/DGC-150917-morenes-MOE.html |titulo=El ministro de Defensa visita el Mando de Operaciones Especiales |sitioweb=Ministerio de Defensa |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le preparation es orientate al execution de missiones in ambientes complexe e al integration con formationes national e multinational. Le instruction include le preparation del personal, le adestramento del unitates e le perfectionamento del proceduras necessari pro le operationes speciales. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Operationes international == Le unitates de operationes speciales del Armea de Terra ha participate in operationes international desde le initio del annos 1990. Le Ministerio de Defensa mentiona participationes in operationes in Afghanistan, Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq, Libano, Mali, Mozambique e Republica Centroafrican. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defensa.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa/2015/09/DGC-150917-morenes-MOE.html |titulo=El ministro de Defensa visita el Mando de Operaciones Especiales |sitioweb=Ministerio de Defensa |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le participation in operationes multinational require le integration del unitates in structuras de commandamento commun e le capacitate de operar con fortias special de altere paises. Le MOE ha participation in exercitios e activitates international destinate a augmentar le interoperabilitate e le preparation del unitates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Unidades/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Unidades en operaciones |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relation con le Commando de Operationes == Le Commando de Operationes (MOPS) es un organo del [[Stato Major del Defensa]] responsabile del planification operative, del conduccion e del sequimento del operationes militar. Le MOPS consilia le [[Capite del Stato Major del Defensa]] in le conduccion strategic del operationes e supervisiona le preparation e le disponibilitate operative del commandos e fortias assignate al structura operative. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/eli/es/rd/2020/05/19/521/con |titulo=Real Decreto 521/2020, de 19 de mayo, por el que se establece la organización básica de las Fuerzas Armadas |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le MOE, in contrasto, es un commando del Armea de Terra que genera e prepara le capacitate terrestre de operationes speciales. Illo non debe esser confundite con le Commando Conjuncte de Operationes Special (MCOE), que es un commando permanentemente constituite sub le Commando de Operationes pro le planification, conduccion e sequimento del operationes speciales que le sia determinate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/eli/es/rd/2020/05/19/521/con |titulo=Real Decreto 521/2020, artículo 11 |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le MCOE es un organo interforzas que integra personal proveniente del Armea de Terra, del Armada e del Armea del Aire e del Spatio. Su function es promover le doctrina conjuncte, le tacticas, technicas e proceduras commun e le interoperabilitate del unitates de operationes speciales del Fortias Armate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/reportajes/2015/02_mandoconjunto_OEs.html |titulo=Con paso firme hacia la capacidad operativa plena |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Sede == Le sede del MOE es le Acuartelamiento Alférez Rojas Navarrete, in le quartiero de Rabasa, Alicante. Le installationes del commando es dedicate al commandamento, preparation e supporto del unitates de operationes speciales. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Pro le instruction e adestramento, le MOE dispone etiam de areas e installationes de preparation proxime al sede, inter le quales le campo de tiro de Foncalent e le campo de manovras e tiro de Agost. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defensa.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa/2015/09/DGC-150917-morenes-MOE.html |titulo=El ministro de Defensa visita el Mando de Operaciones Especiales |sitioweb=Ministerio de Defensa |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Historia == Le actual MOE es le resultato del evolution del unitates de operationes speciales del Armea de Terra. Le origine del tradition moderne del operationes speciales in le Armea de Terra es associate con le creation del prime Companias de Operationes Special (COE) in le annos 1960. Le posterior creation del Gruppos de Operationes Special e lor integration in un structura de commandamento commun conduceva al creation del MOE in 1997. Le sede del Jefatura del MOE esseva inicialmente in Jaca, Huesca, ante su transferimento a Rabasa, Alicante, ubi le commando se trova actualmente. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/unidades/Alicante/cg_moe/Organizacion/index.html |titulo=Mando de Operaciones Especiales: Organización y misión |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le evolution del MOE ha correspondite al transformation del operationes speciales in le Fortias Armate moderne, con un major integration inter le unitates, le development de capacitate de commandamento e le participation in operationes multinational. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/reportajes/2015/02_mandoconjunto_OEs.html |titulo=Con paso firme hacia la capacidad operativa plena |sitioweb=Ejército de Tierra |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Referentias == <references /> [[Categoria:Institutiones e organismos con sede in Alicante]] [[Categoria:Unitates del Armea de Terra de Espania]] [[Categoria:Regnato de Juan Carlos I]] [[Categoria:Unitates militar historic de Espania]] [[Categoria:Regnato de Felipe VI de Espania]] [[Categoria:Organisationes fundate in 1961]] [[Categoria:Espania in 1961]] [[Categoria:Institutiones del Communitate Valencian]] [[Categoria:Fortias armate in le Communitate Valencian]] [[Categoria:Unitates de operationes special de Espania]] pjum20r0bs91tu8eq4obbr8fapcey13 0 61815 704187 702183 2026-10-13T01:51:24Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704187 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico''' (in [[francese]]: ''Église Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis'') es un ecclesia catholic situate al 99–101, rue Saint-Antoine, in le 4e arrondissement de [[Paris]]. Illa esseva construite inter 1627 e 1641 pro le casa professe del [[Jesuitas]] e es un del principal exemplos del architectura jesuitic del 17e seculo in Paris. Le ecclesia, originalmente appellate Saint-Louis-des-Jésuites, es hodie le ecclesia parochial Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis. Illa es proprietate del [[Paris|Citate de Paris]] e es classificate como monumento historic desde le 10 de februario 1887. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/merimee/PA00086260 |titulo=Église Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis |sitioweb=Ministère de la Culture – POP |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le ecclesia se trova in le quartier del [[Marais]], al proximitate del [[Hôtel de Sully]] e del [[Place des Vosges]]. Le Diocèse de Paris lo presenta como le ancian cappella del casa professe del Jesuitas e como un del principal exemplos parisian del stile architectonic de iste ordine. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://dioceseparis.fr/Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis-4e.html |titulo=Saint-Paul – Saint-Louis |sitioweb=Diocèse de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Historia == === Origine jesuitic === Le Jesuitas se installava in le quartier Saint-Antoine e establiva ibi un casa professe, destinate al habitation e formation de theologos e professores del Compania de Jesus. Pro iste casa esseva construite le ecclesia que prendeva le nom de Saint-Louis-des-Jésuites. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-carnavalet/oeuvres/facade-de-l-eglise-de-la-maison-professe-des-jesuites |titulo=Façade de l'église de la maison professe des Jésuites |sitioweb=Paris Musées – Musée Carnavalet |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le prime petra esseva ponite in 1627. Le prime architecto esseva le jesuita Étienne Martellange, qui se inspirava in particular del ecclesia del Gesù a Roma. Le planos esseva ulteriormente modificate per le jesuita François Derand, qui succedeva a Martellange in le direction del projecto. Le construction esseva financiate inter alteres per Louis XIII e le cardinal de Richelieu. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://cdn.paris.fr/paris/2020/02/26/ca8ea055b185b2c2098f53e5204c2eba.pdf |titulo=Paris Le Marais – PSMV, rapport de presentation |sitioweb=Ville de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-carnavalet/oeuvres/facade-de-l-eglise-de-la-maison-professe-des-jesuites |titulo=Façade de l'église de la maison professe des Jésuites |sitioweb=Paris Musées – Musée Carnavalet |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le edificio esseva substantialmente completate in 1641, e le cappella esseva consecrate le 17 de octobre 1642. Le construction representa un del prime grande expressiones in Paris del architectura religiose jesuitic inspirate del modello roman del Gesù. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-carnavalet/oeuvres/facade-de-l-eglise-de-la-maison-professe-des-jesuites |titulo=Façade de l'église de la maison professe des Jésuites |sitioweb=Paris Musées – Musée Carnavalet |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Le ecclesia del Jesuitas === Durante le periodo jesuitic, le ecclesia esseva un importante loco de predication e de vita religiose in le Marais. Le casa professe adjacente accolligeva theologos e professores del Compania de Jesus, durante que le ecclesia serviva al culto e al activitates del communitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/en/node/174563 |titulo=Façade de l'église de la maison professe des Jésuites |sitioweb=Paris Musées – Musée Carnavalet |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le ecclesia esseva intimemente ligate al historia del Jesuitas in Francia. Post le expulsion del Compania de Jesus in le 18e seculo, le edificio perdeva su function originari como ecclesia del casa professe e passava per altere usationes religiose e civil. == Le periodo revolutionari e le nove denomination == Durante le [[Revolution Francese]], le ecclesia esseva desaffectate al culto catholic e le edificio esseva integrate in le transformationes religiose del periodo revolutionari. Post le restauration del culto catholic, le ecclesia deveniva le sede del parochia de [[Saint-Paul]], post le disparition del ancian ecclesia Saint-Paul del quartier. Le ancian ecclesia Saint-Paul esseva destruite post le Revolution. Le communitate parochial se installava al ecclesia Saint-Louis-des-Jésuites, e le denomination Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis se establiva al initio del 19e seculo. Le archives de Paris confirma que le vocables Saint-Louis des Jésuites e Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis corresponde a iste evolution historic, con le nove denomination in uso desde 1804. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://archives.paris.fr/_depot_ad75/_depot_arko/ead/INV1816.pdf |titulo=Registres de catholicité de l’Archevêché de Paris |sitioweb=Archives de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221175450/https://archives.paris.fr/_depot_ad75/_depot_arko/ead/INV1816.pdf |archivedate=2024-02-21 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-04}}</ref> == Architecture == Le ecclesia presenta un architectura inspirate del Gesù de Roma, con un plan adaptate al traditiones del architectura religiose francese del 17e seculo. Le principal architects esseva Étienne Martellange e François Derand. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-carnavalet/oeuvres/facade-de-l-eglise-de-la-maison-professe-des-jesuites |titulo=Façade de l'église de la maison professe des Jésuites |sitioweb=Paris Musées – Musée Carnavalet |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le plan comprende un grande nave unic, accompagnate de cappellas lateral e culminante in un area de coro e in un grande cupola. Le Diocèse de Paris sublinea que le nave unic es surmontate per le prime grande cupola de Paris, un elemento importante del expression architectonic del edificio. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://dioceseparis.fr/Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis-4e.html |titulo=Saint-Paul – Saint-Louis |sitioweb=Diocèse de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le fachada super le rue Saint-Antoine constitue un del elementos plus distinctive del edificio. Le documentation del Ville de Paris describe le fachada como un composition monumental con portal central, sculpturas, fenestras e elementos classicizante integrate in le linguage del architectura jesuitic. Le fachada esseva restaurate per le Ville de Paris in 2011, includente le horologio historic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://cdn.paris.fr/paris/2020/02/26/ca8ea055b185b2c2098f53e5204c2eba.pdf |titulo=Paris Le Marais – PSMV, rapport de presentation |sitioweb=Ville de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/05f0eaf09c3349b196bbd92ef64637a4 |titulo=Chefs-d'œuvre des églises parisiennes : les peintures |sitioweb=Ville de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le collection de planos historic conservate per le Musée Carnavalet monstra le organization del coro, del cupola, del nave, del portale e del grande organo, e documenta le conception architectonic del edificio desde le 17e seculo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/de/node/646016 |titulo=Plan et élévation de l'église Saint-Paul |sitioweb=Paris Musées – Musée Carnavalet |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Decoration e obras de arte == Le interior del ecclesia conserva un importante collection de pinturas, sculpturas e elementos decorative proveniente de differente periodos. Le patrimonio include obras del 17e seculo e aditiones posterior, in parte proveniente de altere ecclesias parisian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://dioceseparis.fr/Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis-4e.html |titulo=Saint-Paul – Saint-Louis |sitioweb=Diocèse de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Delacroix === Un del obras plus celebre del ecclesia es Le Christ au Jardin des Oliviers de Eugène Delacroix, create in 1827. Le quadro esseva commandate per le Ville de Paris e presentate al Salon de 1827. Illo es situate in le transepte nord del ecclesia e ha essite classificate como objecto historic in 1908. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/palissy/PM75001166 |titulo=Tableau : Le Christ au Jardin des Oliviers |sitioweb=Ministère de la Culture – POP |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le obra esseva restaurate in 2017–2018 e presentate temporarimente in le Louvre e al Metropolitan Museum of Art ante su retorno al ecclesia. Le Ville de Paris indica que le restauration esseva accompaniate per un intervention de mécénat. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/05f0eaf09c3349b196bbd92ef64637a4 |titulo=Chefs-d'œuvre des églises parisiennes : les peintures |sitioweb=Ville de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Germain Pilon === Le ecclesia conserva etiam le Vierge de Dolor de Germain Pilon, un del plus importante sculptores francese del Renaissance. Le Ville de Paris indica que iste obra esseva probabilemente concepite pro le rotonda del Valois a Saint-Denis e esseva ulteriormente transferite al ecclesia Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.paris.fr/pages/les-plus-belles-sculptures-des-eglises-parisiennes-19106 |titulo=Les plus belles sculptures des églises parisiennes |sitioweb=Ville de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le collection de patrimonio protegite include etiam plure pinturas e sculpturas conservate in le ecclesia, inter illes representationes de Saint Louis e obras del periodo del 19e seculo. Le base Palissy del Ministerio del Cultura registra plure de iste obras como protegite al titulo de objecto. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/palissy/PM75001155 |titulo=Tableau : Saint Louis adorant la couronne d'épines |sitioweb=Ministère de la Culture – POP |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/palissy/PM75001147 |titulo=Bas-relief : Deux anges adorant le chiffre de Jésus |sitioweb=Ministère de la Culture – POP |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Grande organo == Le ecclesia possede un grande organo de tribuna, que face parte del patrimonio musical del edificio. Le documentation historic del Musée Carnavalet include le organo inter le elementos architectonic e decorative del ecclesia e conserva planos e representationes del organo e del tribuna. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-carnavalet/oeuvres/l-orgue-de-l-eglise-saint-paul-et-ses-ornements |titulo=L'orgue de l'église Saint-Paul et ses ornements |sitioweb=Paris Musées – Musée Carnavalet |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Personalitates e vita cultural == Le ecclesia ha essite associate a plure personalitates del vita religiose e cultural de Paris. Le predicator jesuita Louis Bourdaloue esseva associate al ecclesia e predicava ibi durante le Advento e le Quadragesima in le 17e seculo. Le casa professe e le ecclesia esseva etiam un loco importante del musica sacre parisian in le periodo baroc. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.dioceseparis.fr/Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis-4e.html |titulo=Saint-Paul – Saint-Louis |sitioweb=Diocèse de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le ecclesia ha etiam un connexion con Victor Hugo: su filia Léopoldine Hugo se marita ibi con Charles Vacquerie in 1843. Iste elemento es documentate in le historia del parochia e in le tradition documental del ecclesia. == Protection como monumento historic == Le Église Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis es classificate como monumento historic per decreto del 10 de februario 1887. Le protection concerne le edificio e es registrate in le base Mérimée del Ministerio del Cultura sub le reference PA00086260. Le notice official indica etiam que le ecclesia es proprietate del commune de Paris. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/merimee/PA00086260 |titulo=Église Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis – notice Mérimée PA00086260 |sitioweb=Ministère de la Culture – POP |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le patrimonio mobil del ecclesia comprende etiam numerosos objectos protegite individualmente como monuments historiques. Le base Palissy registra, inter alteres, le quadro de Delacroix, un quadro de Saint Louis e un bas-relief del 19e seculo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/palissy/PM75001166 |titulo=Tableau : Le Christ au Jardin des Oliviers |sitioweb=Ministère de la Culture – POP |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/palissy/PM75001155 |titulo=Tableau : Saint Louis adorant la couronne d'épines |sitioweb=Ministère de la Culture – POP |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Restauration == Le fachada e le horologio del ecclesia esseva restaurate per le Ville de Paris in 2011. Le restauration del quadro de Delacroix esseva effectuate in 2017–2018. Plus recentemente, nove campanias de restauration concernente le elementos vitrate e altere partes del edificio ha essite preparate in anticipation del 400e anniversario del pose del prime petra in 2027. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/05f0eaf09c3349b196bbd92ef64637a4 |titulo=Chefs-d'œuvre des églises parisiennes : les peintures |sitioweb=Ville de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.fondationavenirpatrimoineparis.fr/nos-chantiers/sauvegarde-eglise-saint-paul-saint-louis/ |titulo=Église Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis |sitioweb=Fondation Avenir du Patrimoine à Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Situation actual == Le ecclesia Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis remane un ecclesia catholic in function e un del edificios historic plus importante del quartier del Marais. Le Diocèse de Paris indica que illo es aperte al public regularmente e offere etiam visitas guidate secundo le agenda del parochia. Le adresse actual es 99 rue Saint-Antoine, Paris 4e. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://dioceseparis.fr/Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis-4e.html |titulo=Saint-Paul – Saint-Louis |sitioweb=Diocèse de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.paris.fr/lieux/eglise-saint-paul-saint-louis-3739 |titulo=Église Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis |sitioweb=Ville de Paris |accesso=4 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Referentias == <references /> [[Categoria:Ecclesia in Paris|Paulo-Sancte-Ludovico]] [[Categoria:Ecclesia sede de un parochia de Paris in 1790|Paulo Sancte-Ludovico]] [[Categoria:Ecclesia dedicate a sancte Ludovico|Paris]] [[Categoria:Ecclesia dedicate a sancte Paulo|Paris]] [[Categoria:Ecclesia jesuita in Francia|Paulo-Sancte-Ludovico]] [[Categoria:Edificio religiose in le 4te arrondissement de Paris]] [[Categoria:Edificio de Victor Baltard]] [[Categoria:Le Marais]] [[Categoria:Cupola (architectura) in Paris|Paulo]] [[Categoria:Monumento historic in le 4te arrondissement de Paris]] [[Categoria:Monumento historic classificate in 1887]] [[Categoria:Ecclesia baroc in Paris]] 2ot0i3bbtishox0u0vjy6fnpfxte0b9 0 61952 704193 702743 2026-10-13T02:55:57Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704193 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} '''Iberoamerica''' es un spatio geographic, historic, cultural e linguistic que comprende principalemente le paises de [[America Latin]] e le paises europee del [[Peninsula Iberic]] con linguas principalemente espaniol o portugese. In le uso institutional del [[Communitate Iberoamerican]], le termino refere al insimul de 22 paises: 19 paises latino-american e [[Andorra]], [[Espania]] e [[Portugal]]. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Qué es Iberoamérica: 22 países, historia y cooperación |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 22 paises es [[Argentina]], [[Bolivia]], [[Brasil]], [[Chile]], [[Colombia]], [[Costa Rica]], [[Cuba]], [[Ecuador]], [[El Salvador]], [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]], [[Mexico]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Panama]], [[Paraguay]], [[Peru]], [[Republica Dominican]], [[Uruguay]], [[Venezuela]], [[Andorra]], [[Espania]] e [[Portugal]]. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Qué es Iberoamérica: 22 países, historia y cooperación |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le notion de Iberoamerica se basa super ligamines historic, cultural e linguistic inter Europa e America. Le espaniol e le portugese es le principal linguas commun del spatio, ma le paises que lo compone presenta un grande diversitate de culturas, societates, sistemas politic e traditiones. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Qué es Iberoamérica: 22 países, historia y cooperación |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Geographia == Le spatio iberoamerican comprende le paises del America Latina que participa al Communitate Iberoamerican, insimul con le tres paises europee del Peninsula Iberic: Andorra, Espania e Portugal. In le classification institutional del Communitate Iberoamerican, le America Latina aporta 19 membros e Europa aporta tres. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Qué es Iberoamérica: 22 países, historia y cooperación |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In America, le paises iberoamerican se extende del Mexico e America Central al America del Sud e le Caribico. Le insimul comprende paises continental e insular con important diferencias geographic, demographic, economic e cultural. Le Peninsula Iberic es le origine geographic del prefixo «Ibero-», referite al antique [[Iberia]] e al actual Espania e Portugal. In le contexto contemporanee, le termino es usate principalmente pro describer le relationes e le spatio commun inter le paises american de lingua espaniol o portugese e le paises iberic. == Linguas == Le principal linguas del spatio iberoamerican es le espaniol e le portugese. Le Communitate Iberoamerican include paises in le qual un o le altere de iste linguas es lingua official o principal del Stato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Qué es Iberoamérica: 22 países, historia y cooperación |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le diversitate linguistic del region es tamen plus grande. In varie paises se parla linguas indigene e altere linguas historicamente presente in le societates latino-american. Le uso del espaniol e del portugese como linguas principal del Communitate Iberoamerican non elimina iste diversitate linguistic. Le relationes inter le paises iberoamerican ha favorate le cooperation in education, cultura, scientia e translation, assi como le intercambio de cognoscentias e de experientias inter le societates. == Cultura == Le cultura iberoamerican es caracterisate per un combination de elementos historic e cultural commun e un grande diversitate regional. Le relationes inter Europa e America ha producite formas cultural que include litteratura, musica, artes visual, cinema, gastronomia, religion, institutiones educational e altere formas de expression. Le fontes institutional del Communitate Iberoamerican sublinea le existentia de ligamines historic e cultural commun inter le 22 paises, ma etiam le diversitate de lor societates. Le cooperation iberoamerican es orientate al valorisar iste relationes sin eliminar le particularitates cultural de cata pais. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Qué es Iberoamérica: 22 países, historia y cooperación |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Historia del spatio iberoamerican == Le relationes historic que sta al base del concepto de Iberoamerica ha lor origine in le ligamines inter le Peninsula Iberic e le territorios american colonisate per le monarchias espaniol e portugese. Le expansion del linguas, institutiones, religiones e formas cultural europee produceva un spatio historic que, con le evolution posterior del Statos american independente, deveniva un insimul de relationes international, cultural e economic. Durante le seculo XIX, le paises latino-american obtineva lor independentia e establite nove Statos. Le relationes con Espania e Portugal continuava post le independentia, ma se transformava progressivemente in relationes inter Statos sovereign. Durante le seculos XIX e XX, le relationes inter le paises del spatio se developpava in le campos diplomatic, commercial, cultural e educational. Le migrationes, le circulation de ideas e le intercambio cultural contribuiva al creation de nove ligamines inter Europa e America. == Creation del Communitate Iberoamerican == Le actual quadro institutional del Iberoamerica ha su origine in le I Cumbre Iberoamericana de Chefes de Stato e de Governo, tenite in [[Guadalajara]], [[Mexico]], le 18 e 19 de julio 1991. Illa esseva le prime incontro del chefes de Stato e de Governo del paises que constitue le actual Communitate Iberoamerican. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/cumbre/i-cumbre-iberoamericana/ |titulo=I Cumbre Iberoamericana |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Declaration de Guadalajara establite le intention de transformar le afinidades historic e cultural del paises in un instrumento de dialogo, cooperation e solidaritate. Le Cumbre decideva constituir le Conferentia Iberoamerican de Chefes de Stato e de Governo con le participation del Statos sovereign de America e Europa de lingua espaniol e portugese. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.segib.org/wp-content/uploads/Primera-Cumbre-Iberoamericana-de-Jefes-de-Estado-y-de-Gobierno.pdf |titulo=Declaración de Guadalajara, 19 de julio de 1991 |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251005234214/https://segib.org/wp-content/uploads/Primera-Cumbre-Iberoamericana-de-Jefes-de-Estado-y-de-Gobierno.pdf |archivedate=2025-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-07}}</ref> Le secunde Cumbre esseva tenite in Madrid in 1992. Le succession de Cumbres establite un foro regular de dialogo politic al plus alte nivello e contribueva al institutionalisation del cooperation iberoamerican. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/cumbres-iberoamericanas/ |titulo=Cumbres Iberoamericanas |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Communitate Iberoamerican == Le Communitate Iberoamerican es le spatio institutional que reuni le 22 paises del Iberoamerica. Illa functiona como un quadro de dialogo politic, cooperation e concertation inter le Statos membros. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Qué es Iberoamérica: 22 países, historia y cooperación |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le cooperation es organisate principalmente per le Cumbres Iberoamerican de Chefes de Stato e de Governo, le reuniones ministerial, le [[Secretariato General Iberoamerican]] e le altere organismos del systema iberoamerican. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/organismos-iberoamericanos/ |titulo=Qué es el Sistema iberoamericano |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Communitate non es un Stato ni un organisation supranational comparable al [[Union Europee]]. Illa es un quadro de cooperation inter Statos sovereign que adopta accordos e mandatos per le Cumbres e disveloppa programas conjuncte. == Cumbres Iberoamerican == Le Cumbres Iberoamerican de Chefes de Stato e de Governo es le principal spatio politic del Communitate. Illas reuni le chefes de Stato e de Governo del 22 paises membros e tracta un agenda de interesses commun. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/cumbres-iberoamericanas/ |titulo=Cumbres Iberoamericanas |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le prime Cumbre esseva tenite in Guadalajara in 1991. Le Cumbres se celebra normalmente cata duo annos e conclude con un Declaration Final e con mandatos concernente le cooperation e le action commun del paises membros. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/cumbres-iberoamericanas/ |titulo=Cumbres Iberoamericanas |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le temas tractate ha includite le education, cultura, scientia, innovation, inclusion social, transformation digital, ambiente, administration public, mobilitate e altere materias de interesse commun. Le programas e iniciativas associate al Cumbres es empleate pro transformar le mandatos politic in proyectos de cooperation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/monografico-sobre-los-programas-iniciativas-y-proyectos-adscritos-en-somos-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Programas, Iniciativas y Proyectos Adscritos |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Secretariato General Iberoamerican == Le Secretariato General Iberoamerican (SEGIB) es le organismo international que supporta le cooperation inter le 22 paises e da sequimento al accordos adoptate in le Cumbres Iberoamerican. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/quienes-somos/|titulo=Quiénes somos |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le SEGIB esseva establite per le Convenio de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, signate in 2004. Le Convenio le constitue como un organismo international dotate de personalitate juridic proprie e con sede in Madrid. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-2005-15574 |titulo=Instrumento de Ratificación del Convenio de Santa Cruz de la Sierra constitutivo de la Secretaría General Iberoamericana |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le objectives del SEGIB include le fortification del Communitate Iberoamerican, le supporto al organisation del Cumbres, le promotion del cooperation e le impulsion del ligamines historic, cultural, social e economic inter le paises membros. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-2005-15574 |titulo=Convenio de Santa Cruz de la Sierra constitutivo de la SEGIB |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Systema iberoamerican == Le Systema Iberoamerican comprende le 22 paises membros, le SEGIB e altere organismos sectorial que opera in le quadro del cooperation iberoamerican. Inter le principal organismos se trova le [[Organisation de Statos Iberoamerican pro le Education, le Scientia e le Cultura]] (OEI), le [[Organismo International de Juventute pro Iberoamerica]] (OIJ), le [[Conferentia de Ministros de Justitia del Paises Iberoamerican]] (COMJIB) e le [[Organisation Iberoamerican de Securitate Social]] (OISS). <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/organismos-iberoamericanos/ |titulo=Qué es el Sistema iberoamericano |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organismos sectorial tracta materias como education e cultura, juventute, justitia, securitate social e altere areas de cooperation. Le coordination del systema es realisate per mecanismos de governantia conjuncte del organismos iberoamerican. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/organismos-iberoamericanos/ |titulo=Qué es el Sistema iberoamericano |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Cooperation == Le cooperation es un del principal instrumentos del Communitate Iberoamerican. Illa comprende programas, iniciativas e proyectos que tracta problemas commun e facilita le intercambio de cognoscentias e experientias inter le paises. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/monografico-sobre-los-programas-iniciativas-y-proyectos-adscritos-en-somos-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Programas, Iniciativas y Proyectos Adscritos |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le programas de cooperation ha tractate campos como cultura, cognoscentia, education, inclusion social, equalitate de genere, transformation digital, medio ambiente e initiative economic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/monografico-sobre-los-programas-iniciativas-y-proyectos-adscritos-en-somos-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Programas, Iniciativas y Proyectos Adscritos |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Un del principios del cooperation iberoamerican es le intercambio inter le paises e le circulation de cognoscentias, includente le cooperation [[Sud-Sud]] e [[Triangular]]. Le objectivo es usar le experientias del paises participantes pro supportar le disveloppamento e le politicas public. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/quienes-somos/|titulo=Quiénes somos |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relationes international == Iberoamerica es etiam un spatio de relationes international inter Europa e America Latina. Espania e Portugal participa in le Communitate como paises europee, durante que le altere membros es Statos latino-american. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Qué es Iberoamérica |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Communitate Iberoamerican non substitue le organisationes regional del America Latina ni le altere formas de cooperation international. Illa functiona como un spatio additional de dialogo e cooperation basate super le ligamines historic, cultural e linguistic inter le membros. Le Conferentia Iberoamerican ha tamben developpate relationes con altere organismos international e con Statos observator. Le Cumbres pote haber [[observator associate]] e [[observator consultive]] que participa secundo lor relationes cultural, linguistic o institutional con le spatio iberoamerican. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/cumbres-iberoamericanas/ |titulo=Cumbres Iberoamericanas |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Identitate e diversitate == Le notion de Iberoamerica combina elementos commun con un alte grado de diversitate. Le 22 paises ha differentes historias national, sistemas politic, structures economic, populationes e culturas. Le concepto institutional non implica un identitate national commun ni un uniformitate cultural. Le elementos commun include le uso principal del espaniol e portugese, ligamines historic, intercambios cultural e academic e le existentia de institutiones de cooperation commun. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/que-es-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Qué es Iberoamérica: 22 países, historia y cooperación |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Iberoamerica in le 21e seculo == In le 21e seculo, le Communitate Iberoamerican ha expandite su activitate al nove campos de cooperation. Le transformation digital, le innovation, le ambiente, le education, le cultura e le inclusion social ha devenite materias regular del agenda iberoamerican. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/monografico-sobre-los-programas-iniciativas-y-proyectos-adscritos-en-somos-iberoamerica/ |titulo=Programas, Iniciativas y Proyectos Adscritos |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In 2026 le Communitate contine 22 paises. Le agenda del anno include le preparation del XXX Cumbre Iberoamerican, programmate a Madrid le 4 e 5 de novembre 2026. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://segib.org/es/el-dia-de-iberoamerica-2026-celebra-35-anos-de-comunidad-con-la-mirada-en-la-cumbre-de-madrid/ |titulo=El Día de Iberoamérica 2026 celebra 35 años de comunidad con la mirada en la Cumbre de Madrid |sitioweb=Secretaría General Iberoamericana |accesso=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Iberoamerica| ]] [[Categoria:Regiones de America]] fpadmadfc9biw65u6dnecs6wdl8l98i 0 62068 704189 703886 2026-10-13T02:14:27Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704189 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite''' (in anglese, ''United States Air Force'', abbreviate USAF) es le ramo aeree del [[Fortias Armate del Statos Unite]]. Illo es responsabile del preparation, equipamento e employment del fortias aeree pro le defensa del Statos Unite e le execution de operationes militar. Su missiones include le acquisition del superioritate aeree, le attaccos a distantia, le transporto strategic, le reconnaissance, le intelligentia, le surveillance e le commandamento e controlo del operationes aeree. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Air-Force-History/ |titulo=About Us: Air Force History |sitioweb=United States Air Force |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USAF es un del seis ramos del Fortias Armate del Statos Unite e opera sub le autoritate del [[Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]]. Le institution es administrate per le Departimento del Fortias Aeree, dirigite per le Secretario del Fortias Aeree, durante que le principal autoritate militar es le Capite del Stato Major del Fortias Aeree. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Air-Force-Senior-Leaders/ChiefofStaffoftheAirForce/ |titulo=Air Force Senior Leaders |sitioweb=United States Air Force |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Fortias Aeree es distincte del [[Fortias Spatial del Statos Unite]], create in 2019 como ramo separate, ben que ambes appartene al mesme Departimento del Fortias Aeree. Le Fortias Aeree concentra se principalmente super le dominio aeree, durante que le Fortias Spatial es responsabile del organisation, preparation e employment del fortias spatial. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/3129814/united-states-space-force-exhibit/ |titulo=United States Space Force Exhibit |sitioweb=National Museum of the United States Air Force |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Historia == Le origines del Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite remonta al 1 de augusto 1907, quando le [[Armea del Statos Unite]] establiva un Division Aeronautic in le seno del Signal Corps. Iste parve organisation esseva incaricate del experimentation con pallones, aerostatos e apparatos volante e constitueva le prime passo verso le creation de un fortia aeree militar permanent. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/433914/the-birth-of-the-united-states-air-force/ |titulo=The Birth of the United States Air Force |sitioweb=United States Air Force |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le [[Prime Guerra Mundial]], le aviation militar del Statos Unite esseva reorganisate e disveloppate rapidemente. In 1918, le servicios aeree del Armea esseva reunite in un Air Service, que organisava unitates de reconnaissance, cacia e bombardamento. Le experientia del guerra contribueva al evolution del aviation como un instrumento militar distincte. In 1926, le Air Service esseva re-denominate United States Army Air Corps. Durante le annos sequente, le aviation militar cresceva in importantia, specialmente con le expansion del production de aeroplanos e le disveloppamento de novas doctrinas de combate. Durante le [[Secunde Guerra Mundial]], le ''Army Air Forces'' deveniva un organisation de grande dimension, con missiones de bombardamento strategic, supporto al operationes terrestre, transporto e reconnaissance. Le expansion del aviation militar durante le guerra reforçava le demanda pro un ramo independente del Armea. Le National Security Act de 1947 establiva le quadro juridic pro un fortia aeree independente. Le Departimento del Fortias Aeree esseva create in septembre 1947, e le 18 de septembre 1947 es considerate le data official del nascentia del USAF como ramo separate del Fortias Armate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.afhistory.af.mil/FAQs/Fact-Sheets/Article/458985/evolution-of-the-department-of-the-air-force/ |titulo=Evolution of the Department of the Air Force |sitioweb=Air Force Historical Research Agency |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171106034552/https://www.afhistory.af.mil/FAQs/Fact-Sheets/Article/458985/evolution-of-the-department-of-the-air-force/ |archivedate=2017-11-06 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-10}}</ref> == Missiones == Le mission del USAF es disponer de capacitate aeree pro proteger le Statos Unite e sustener lor interesses e operationes militar. Le institution resume su mission institutional con le formula anglese ''“to fly, fight, and win”'', que exprime le preparation e employment del potentia aeree. Le Fortias Aeree identifica cinque functiones fundamental del potentia aeree: * Superioritate aeree: obtener e mantener le capacitate de operar in le spatio aeree e limitar le capacitate del adversario de facer lo. * Attacco global: poter attaccar objectivos a distantia e contribuir al dissuasion e al execution de operationes militar. * Mobilitate global rapide: transportar personal, equipamento e ressources a distantia, includente le reabastecimento in volo. * Intelligentia, surveillance e reconnaissance: obtener e disseminar information super le situation e le activitate de altere actores. * Commandamento e controlo: coordinar le fortias e le operationes aeree e integrar le activitate del USAF in operationes conjuncte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Our-Values/Our-Mission/ |titulo=Our Mission |sitioweb=United States Air Force |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USAF exerce iste missiones in cooperation con le [[Armea del Statos Unite]], le [[Marina del Statos Unite]], le [[Corpo de Infanteria de Marina del Statos Unite]], le [[Fortia Spatial del Statos Unite]] e le altere elementos del systema de defensa national. Le operationes pote esser executate independentemente o in le quadro de commandamentos conjuncte. == Organisation == Le USAF es organisate in un structura hierarchic que include le quartel general, le commandamentos major, le fortias aeree numerate, le alas, le gruppos e le esquadrones. Le dimension e le composition de cata unitate depende del mission assignate. Le Quartel General del Fortias Aeree es le centro del direction e del supervision del institution. Illo coordina le strategia, le preparation del fortias, le administration del recursos e le execution del directivas del Departimento del Fortias Aeree. Le organisation comprende commandamentos operative e commandamentos de supporto. Le commandamentos operative dirige le preparation e employment del fortias aeree, durante que le commandamentos de supporto tracta materias como formation, acquisition de equipamento, logistica e mantenimento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Major-Commands/ |titulo=Major Commands |sitioweb=United States Air Force |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Commandamentos major == Le commandamentos major (''Major Commands'', MAJCOM) es grandes componentes del USAF, cata un responsabile de un parte importante del missiones del institution. Lor organisation pote esser modificate secundo le necessitates del Fortias Aeree e le reformas del Departimento de Defensa. Inter le commandamentos e structures principal del USAF se trova: * Air Combat Command (ACC), responsabile de numerose fortias de combate, reconnaissance, commandamento e controlo. * Air Mobility Command (AMC), dedicate al transporto aeree strategic e tactic e al reabastecimento in volo. * Air Force Global Strike Command (AFGSC), incaricate de fortias de attacco strategic e del missiones de dissuasion nuclear attribuite al USAF. * Air Education and Training Command (AETC), responsabile del formation initial e del adestramento del personal. * Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC), incaricate del recerca, disveloppamento, acquisition, test e supporto del material. * Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC), responsabile del capacitate aeree de operationes special. * Pacific Air Forces (PACAF), que dirige le fortias aeree del USAF assignate al area del Pacifico. * United States Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa (USAFE-AFAFRICA), responsabile del fortias aeree del USAF in le regiones europee e africane. * Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC), que organise e administra le componentes del Reserva del Fortias Aeree. Le Air National Guard es un componente del Total Force, con un rolo dual: illo servi al governatores del estados in le conditiones previde per le lege e pote esser federalisate e assignate a missiones national. Le structura e le competentias del commandamentos es definite per le normas e le decisiones del Departimento del Fortias Aeree. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Major-Commands/ |titulo=Major Commands |sitioweb=United States Air Force |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Aeronaves e equipamento == Le USAF opera un grande varietate de aeronaves destinate a missiones differente. Le flotta include cacias, bombarderos, aeronaves de transporto, aviones de reabastecimento in volo, aparatos de reconnaissance e surveillance, aviones de commandamento e controlo e systemas a pilotage remote. Inter le modelos cognoscite se trova: * F-22 Raptor e F-35A Lightning II, cacias multirolo e de furtivitate; * F-15 Eagle e F-16 Fighting Falcon, empleate in missiones de combate aeree e attacco; * B-1B Lancer, B-2 Spirit e B-52 Stratofortress, bombarderos de distantia; * C-17 Globemaster III e C-130 Hercules, aviones de transporto; * KC-135 Stratotanker e KC-46 Pegasus, empleate pro le reabastecimento in volo; * E-3 Sentry e E-7 Wedgetail, destinate al surveillance aeree e al commandamento e controlo, con le transition del flotta a sistemas plus nove; * RQ-4 Global Hawk e MQ-9 Reaper, systemas a pilotage remote empleate in missiones de reconnaissance o altere missiones assignate. Le inventario e le distribution del aeronaves cambia con le modernisation, le retirement de modelos ancian e le introduction de nove systemas. Le USAF gere etiam le armas, le sensores, le communicationes e le infrastructuras necessari pro sustener le operationes aeree. == Armas nuclear e dissuasion == Le USAF participa al mission nuclear del Statos Unite. Su competentias include le operation de bombarderos capabile de portar armas nuclear e le maintenance de componentes del dissuasion nuclear del pais. Le componente terrestre del dissuasion nuclear es administrate per le Armea per le systemas de missiles balistic intercontinental, durante que le Marina opera submergibles con missiles balistic. Le Air Force Global Strike Command coordina le principales fortias del USAF associate al dissuasion nuclear e al attacco global. Le mission nuclear es submittite al autoritate national e al proceduras de commandamento e controlo establite per le Statos Unite. == Formation e personal == Le USAF include personal militar professional e personal civil. Le formation del personal militar es organisate secundo le categoria e le specialitate, con instruction initial, formation technic e adestramento continue. Le ''Air Education and Training Command'' coordina multe del principales activitates de formation. Le systema include le instruction basic, le formation de pilotos e equipages, le preparation technic e le cursos necessari pro le exercitio de functiones de commandamento e supporto. Le institution include officieres, subofficieres e personal militar de altere categorias, assi como especialistas in ingenieria, logistica, communication, sanitate, intelligentia e administration. Le personal civil contribui al gestion del bases, al disveloppamento technologic e al supporto del operationes. Le USAF declara que su ''Total Force'' include personal del servicio active, del Reserva, del ''Air National Guard'' e del componente civil. Le cifra aggregate varia secundo le anno fiscal e le categoria de personal. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Our-Values/Our-Mission/ |titulo=Our Mission |sitioweb=United States Air Force |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Bases e presentia international == Le USAF mantene bases e installationes in le Statos Unite e in altere paises. Le bases supporta le operationes, le instruction, le mantenimento del aeronaves, le logistics e le coordination con altere componentes del Fortias Armate e con fortias alli­ate. Le presentia in Europa e in le region del Pacifico es parte del systema de cooperation e defensa del Statos Unite con su alliatos. Le fortias aeree pote esser displaciate a bases temporari o permanente secundo le missiones, le accordos international e le decisiones del autoritates national. Le USAF participa etiam in exercitios multinational e operationes conjuncte con alliatos, includente le paises membro del [[NATO]]. Le dimension e le duration de iste deploymentes depende del mission e del situation international. == Historia recente == Post le Guerra Frie, le USAF ha adaptate su organisation e su capacitate al evolution del conflictos, del technologias e del relationes international. Le institution ha participate in operationes in le Balcanes, Afghanistan, Irak e altere regiones, con missiones de superioritate aeree, attacco, transporto, reconnaissance e supporto al fortias terrestre. Le disveloppamento del aeronaves furtive, del systemas a pilotage remote, del communicationes satellitari e del armas de precision ha modificate le preparation e le employment del fortias aeree. Le USAF ha etiam investite in le modernisation de bombarderos, cacias, transportos e infrastructuras de commandamento. Le creation del Fortias Spatial del Statos Unite in 2019 constitueva un cambiamento institutional importante. Le missiones spatial que antea esseva administrate per le USAF esseva transferite al nove ramo, durante que le USAF mantene su responsabilitates principal in le dominio aeree. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/3129814/united-states-space-force-exhibit/ |titulo=United States Space Force Exhibit |sitioweb=National Museum of the United States Air Force |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Direction == Le direction civil del Departimento del Fortias Aeree es exercite per le Secretario del Fortias Aeree, qui es nominate per le Presidente e confirmate per le Senado. Le principal autoritate militar es le Capite del Stato Major del Fortias Aeree, qui dirige le Stato Major e participa al [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Statos Unite]]. Secundo le information official del USAF consultate in octobre 2026, le secretario es Troy E. Meink, le Capite del Stato Major es le general Kenneth S. Wilsbach, e le Vicecapite del Stato Major es le general John D. Lamontagne. Le principal representante del personal non-officiales es le Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force, actualmente David R. Wolfe. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Air-Force-Senior-Leaders/ChiefofStaffoftheAirForce/ |titulo=Air Force Senior Leaders |sitioweb=United States Air Force |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Tradition e symbolos == Le USAF usa como valores institutional integritate ante toto, servicio ante interesse personal e excellentia in tote le activitates. Le motto institutional anglese ''“Aim High… Fly-Fight-Win”'' es associate al preparation, al disciplina e al execution del missiones aeree. Le uniformes, le insignias, le bandieras e le ceremonias del USAF reflecte su historia e su organisation. Le institution conserva etiam su memoria per museos, archives e organismos historic, includente le National Museum of the United States Air Force e le Air Force Historical Research Agency. {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Fortia Aeree del Statos Unite| ]] [[Categoria:Unitates e formationes militar establite in 1947]] [[Categoria:Le Pentagono]] [[Categoria:Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Organisationes american establite in 1947]] [[Categoria:Recepitores del Tropheo Collier]] [[Categoria:Ramos de servicio del Fortias Armate del Statos Unite]] n48p9z6qsedbf7llg8x950654oajn9y 0 62073 704190 703885 2026-10-13T02:14:28Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704190 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Un '''fortia aeree''' es un ramo del [[fortias armate]] de un Stato incaricate principalmente del execution de operationes militar in le [[spatio aeree]]. Su functiones pote includer le defense aeree, le combate con aeronaves, le attacco contra objectivos terrestre e maritime, le transporto militar, le reconnaissance, le surveillance e le supporto logistic al altere componentes del fortias armate. Le fortias aeree constitue un elemento importante del defense national e del strategia militar contemporanee. Illas usa aeronaves, helicoptros, systemas a pilotage remote, sensores, infrastructuras e medios de communication e commandamento pro executar lor missiones. Secundo le organisation de cata Stato, un fortia aeree pote esser un ramo independente del fortias armate o un componente del exercito o de un organisation militar plus large. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/about-us/official-texts-and-resources/official-texts/2018/06/26/natos-joint-air-power-strategy |titulo=NATO’s Joint Air Power Strategy |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Historia == Le origines del aviation militar remonta al initio del [[seculo XX]], quando le prime aeroplanos comenciava a esser usate pro le reconnaissance e le observation del fortias adversari. Durante le prime annos, le aviation militar dependeva generalmente del exercitos terrestre o del marinas. Durante le [[Prime Guerra Mundial]], le aeroplanos esseva empleate pro reconnaissance, observation del artilleria, combate aeree e attaccos contra objectivos terrestre. Le developpamento del technologia e del tacticas aeree conduceva al apparition de unitates plus specialisate, includente le cacias e le bombarderos. Post le guerra, plure paises establiva organisationes aeree plus autonome. Le [[Royal Air Force]] britannic, create in 1918, deveniva un exemplo importante de un fortia aeree independente. Durante le decennios sequente, le evolution del aeronaves e del doctrinas militar reforçava le rolo del potentia aeree in le defense e in le execution de operationes militar. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.afhistory.af.mil/FAQs/Fact-Sheets/Article/458985/evolution-of-the-department-of-the-air-force/ |titulo=Evolution of the Department of the Air Force |sitioweb=Air Force Historical Support Division |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171106034552/https://www.afhistory.af.mil/FAQs/Fact-Sheets/Article/458985/evolution-of-the-department-of-the-air-force/ |archivedate=2017-11-06 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-10}}</ref> Durante le [[Secunde Guerra Mundial]], le fortias aeree assumeva un rolo central in le operationes militar. Illas executava missiones de superioritate aeree, bombardamento strategic, supporto al fortias terrestre, transporto de tropas e equipamento e reconnaissance. Le guerra accelerava le disveloppamento del motores, del radar, del communicationes e del tacticas de combate aeree. Post 1945, le introduction del [[motor a reaction]], del armas nuclear e del missiles transformava le organisation e le capacitate del fortias aeree. Durante le [[Guerra Frie]], multe paises investiva in cacias moderne, bombarderos strategic, systemas de defense aeree e medios de surveillance a longe distantia. Desde le fin del 20e seculo, le fortias aeree ha integrate progressivemente le systemas de precision, le communicationes digital, le aeronaves a pilotage remote e le cooperation inter arme. Le dominio aeree es actualmente parte de operationes militar que pote combinar medios terrestre, maritime, aeree, spatial e cibernetic. == Missiones == Le missiones de un fortia aeree varia secundo le legislation, le doctrina e le necessitates del Stato que la mantene. Inter le principal missiones se trova: * Defense aeree: proteger le territorio, le population e le infrastructuras contra menacias proveniente del spatio aeree. * Superioritate aeree: obtener e mantener un grado de controlo del spatio aeree que permitte al proprie fortias de operar e limita le capacitate del adversario. * Attacco aeree: attaccar objectivos militar terrestre o maritime, secundo le missiones assignate e le normas applicabile. * Supporto aeree: assister le fortias terrestre e maritime per medio de reconnaissance, transporto, coordination e altere missiones. * Mobilitate aeree: transportar tropas, equipamento, material e provisiones a distantia. * Reabastecimento in volo: transferer combustibile a aeronaves durante le volo pro augmentar lor autonomia. * Intelligentia, surveillance e reconnaissance: obtener, analisar e disseminar information utile pro le planification e execution del operationes. * Recuperation e salvatage: participar in missiones de recerca e recuperation de equipages o altere personas in situationes de emergentia. * Cooperation multinational: participar in exercitios e operationes conjuncte con fortias aeree de altere paises. Le NATO identifica como functiones central del potentia aeree le controlo del spatio aeree, le attacco, le mobilitate aeree e le contribution al intelligentia, surveillance e reconnaissance. Le empleo concrete de iste capacitates depende del objectivos e del circumstantias de cata operation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/about-us/official-texts-and-resources/official-texts/2018/06/26/natos-joint-air-power-strategy |titulo=NATO’s Joint Air Power Strategy |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organisation == Le organisation de un fortia aeree depende del dimension del Stato, del recursos disponibile e del missiones assignate. In multe paises, le structura include un quartel general, commandamentos operative, unitates de preparation, formation e supporto logistic. Le unitates pote esser organisate in: * Alas: formationes que reuni plure gruppos o unitates e que pote disponer de aeronaves e servicios de supporto. * Gruppos: formationes responsabile de un parte del activitate operative, technic o administrative. * Esquadrons: unitates que opera un tipo de aeronave o executa un mission specific. * Unitates de supporto: formationes que gere le mantenimento, le combustibile, le communicationes, le infrastructuras, le securitate e altere servicios necessari. Le denominationes e le nivellos hierarchic varia inter le fortias aeree. Non tote le paises usa le mesme systema de organisation, e le structura pote esser modificate durante reformas institutional o technologic. == Aeronaves e equipamento == Le fortias aeree usa diverse categorias de aeronaves e systemas, secundo lor missiones. === Aviones venatori === Le [[Avion venatori|aviones venatori]] es aeronaves destinate principalmente al combate aeree e al interception de aeronaves adversari. Multe modelos moderne pote etiam executar missiones de attacco contra objectivos terrestre, reconnaissance e supporto a operationes conjuncte. === Bombarderos === Le [[bombardero]]s es concepite pro transportar e emplear armas contra objectivos designate. Lor autonomia, capacitate de carga e configuration varia inter le modelos e le missiones. === Aeronaves de transporto === Le aeronaves de transporto militar permitte le displaciamento de tropas, material, vehiculos e provisiones. Illas pote etiam esser usate pro evacuaciones medical, assistentia humanitari e operationes de salvamento. === Aeronaves de reabastecimento === Le aeronaves de reabastecimento in volo transfer un parte de lor combustibile a altere aeronaves. Iste capacitate permitte prolongar le duration del missiones e augmentar le distantia que le aeronaves pote percorrer sin retornar a un base. === Aeronaves de recognoscentia e surveliantia === Iste aeronaves porta sensores e systemas destinate al collection de information. Illas pote observar le activitate de altere fortias, identificar cambios in un area e supportar le planification operative. === Helicoptros e systemas sin piloto === Alcunes fortias aeree opera [[helicoptro]]s pro transporto, recuperation e altere missiones specialisate. Illas pote etiam usar [[aeronave sin piloto|aeronaves sin piloto]], que es empleate pro reconnaissance, surveillance e, in certe casos, altere missiones militar. == Formation e personal == Le personal de un fortia aeree include pilotos, equipages, technicos de mantenimento, especialistas in communication e intelligentia, controllores del traffico aeree, ingenieros, personale logistic e membros del administration. Le formation del pilotos combina instruction theoretic, simulation, volo de preparation e qualificationes specific pro le aeronave e le mission. Le technicos e le altere especialistas recipe formation adaptate a lor functiones e participa in le preparation del unitates pro mantener le securitate e le disponibilitate del equipamento. Le preparation operative include exercitios, simulationes e cooperation con altere componentes del fortias armate. Le qualificationes necessari e le duration del formation varia secundo le pais, le categoria professional e le systema de armas empregate. == Relation con le altere fortias armate == Le fortia aeree opera generalmente in cooperation con le [[fortia terrestre]] e le [[fortia maritime]]. Le operationes conjuncte permitte combinar le capacitate aeree con le medios terrestre e maritime, secundo le objectivos del mission. Le fortia aeree pote fornir reconnaissance, transporto, defense contra menacias aeree e supporto al operationes terrestre. In le mesme tempore, le fortias terrestre e maritime pote contribuir con information, protection e supporto logistic al operationes aeree. In organisationes multinational como le [[NATO]], le cooperation inter fortias aeree de differente paises require communicationes compatibile, proceduras commun e capacitate de coordinar le operationes. Le strategia de potentia aeree conjuncte del NATO tracta le coordination e le emprego del capacitate aeree in le quadro del missiones del Alliance. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/about-us/official-texts-and-resources/official-texts/2018/06/26/natos-joint-air-power-strategy |titulo=NATO’s Joint Air Power Strategy |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Fortias aeree in le 21e seculo == Le fortias aeree contemporanee face a cambios technologic e operative continuante. Le disveloppamento de aeronaves de plus grande autonomia, de sensores plus precise, de systemas sin piloto e de communicationes digital modifica le preparation e le employment del potentia aeree. Le integration de information proveniente de plure sensores e le coordination con altere dominios militar es devenite un elemento importante del operationes moderne. Simultaneemente, le fortias aeree debe considerar le vulnerabilitate del infrastructuras, le guerra electronic, le riscos cibernetic, le custos de mantenimento e le necessitate de formar personal specialisate. Le organisation e le dimension del fortias aeree continua a variar inter paises. Alcunes mantene un ramo aeree independente, dum alteres integra le aviation militar in le exercito, le marina o un organisation plus large del fortias armate. {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Fortias aeree]] owau0l5jj87erqvbsb5eofhf0dxa91z 0 62074 704203 703887 2026-10-13T07:02:55Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704203 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Un '''marina militar''', etiam appellate '''fortia naval''', es le ramo del [[fortias armate]] de un Stato primarimente incaricate del execution de operationes militar in mares, oceanos, zonas costal e, in certe casos, aquas interior. Illa opera principalmente con naves de superficie, submergibles, aviation naval e altere medios destinate al combate, al reconnaissance, al transporto e al supporto de operationes maritime. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.navy.mil/about/mission/ |titulo=Mission Statement |sitioweb=United States Navy |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le marinas militar ha un rolo importante in le defense del territorio, le protection del rutas maritime, le dissuasion, le control del accesso al mares e le projection de potentia ultra le costas national. Lor organisation e capacitate varia secundo le geographia, le interesses strategic, le recursos economic e le politica de defense de cata Stato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/about-us/official-texts-and-resources/official-texts/2025/10/29/alliance-maritime-strategy |titulo=Alliance Maritime Strategy |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Missiones == Le missiones de un marina militar varia secundo le doctrina e le necessitates del Stato, ma generalmente include: * Defense maritime: proteger le costas, portos, insulas e aquas territorial contra menacias exterior. * Control del mares: garantir le capacitate de navigar e operar in areas maritime importante e, quando necessari, limitar le libertate de action del fortias adversari. * Protection del rutas maritime: contribuer al securitate del navigation commercial e del corridors usate pro le transporte de benes e ressources. * Combate naval: executar operationes contra naves, submergibles e altere objectivos militar. * Defense contra menacias aerie: proteger naves, gruppos naval e installationes maritime contra aeronaves e missiles. * Operationes amphibie: transportar e disbarcar fortias terrestre desde le mar verso costas o territorios designate. * Reconnaissance e intelligentia: obtener e analizar information super le activitate maritime e le fortias adversari. * Dissuasion: mantener capacitate militar destinate a impedir o dissuader un attacco contra le Stato. * Salvamento e assistentia: participar in operationes de recerca, recuperation, evacuation e assistentia humanitari. * Cooperation international: participar in exercitios, operationes conjuncte e missiones multinational. Le combination exacte de iste missiones depende del recursos disponibile e del objectivos strategic del Stato. Le strategia maritime del NATO tracta le contribution del fortias naval al dissuasion e defense, al prevention e gestion del crises e al securitate cooperative. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/about-us/official-texts-and-resources/official-texts/2025/10/29/alliance-maritime-strategy |titulo=Alliance Maritime Strategy |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organisation == Le organisation de un marina militar es generalmente basate super un commandamento central, formationes operative, unitates de supporto e servicios specialisate. Le denominationes e le structuras varia inter paises. Le principal componentes pote includer: * Naves de superficie: unitates que opera super le superficie del mar, includente fregatas, destroyers, corvettes, naves amphibie e portaaviones. * Submergibles: naves capabile de operar sub le superficie del aqua, empleate pro reconnaissance, attacco, protection maritime e, in certe casos, dissuasion nuclear. * Aviation naval: aeronaves e helicoptros empleate pro reconnaissance, defense aerie, attacco, transporto e supporto al operationes maritime. * Fortias amphibie: unitates e medios destinate al transporto e al disbarcamento de tropas e equipamento. * Fortias de mines: unitates destinate al detection e neutralisation de minas maritime. * Supporto logistic: naves e servicios que procura combustibile, provisiones, reparos e altere ressources necessari pro mantener le operationes. * Commandamento e communicationes: organos e systemas que coordina le missiones, le information e le action del unitates. Le organisation pote esser completate per infanteria de marina, fortias specialisate e unitates de securitate maritime, secundo le structura del fortias armate national. Le composition del flotta e le functiones attribuite a cata categoria de nave varia secundo le doctrina e le necessitates del Stato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.navy.mil/Resources/Fact-Files/ |titulo=Fact Files |sitioweb=United States Navy |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250816112949/https://www.navy.mil/Resources/Fact-Files/ |archivedate=2025-08-16 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-10}}</ref> == Naves de superficie == Le naves de superficie constitue un del componentes principal de multe marinas militar. Lor dimension, armamento e function varia secundo le mission. === Portaaviones === Un portaaviones es un nave de guerra concepite pro transportar, sustener e operar aeronaves. Illo permitte projectar potentia aerie desde le mar e extender le area geographic in le qual un fortia naval pote operar. Le portaaviones pote operar con cacias, aeronaves de reconnaissance, helicoptros e altere apparatos, secundo su conception e le aviation disponibile. Le naves de iste categoria pote functionar como centros de operationes aeronaval e sustener attaccos contra objectivos aerie, maritime e terrestre. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.navy.mil/Resources/Fact-Files/Display-FactFiles/Article/2169795/aircraft-carriers-cvn |titulo=Aircraft Carriers – CVN |sitioweb=United States Navy |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Destroyers e fregatas === Le destroyers e le fregatas es naves de guerra multirolo empleate pro le defense contra menacias aerie, maritime e subaquatic, le escorta de naves e le protection de formationes naval. Le distinction inter iste categorias varia secundo le tradition national e le periodo historic. In multe marinas contemporanee, ambe typos pote participar in operationes de defense aerie, guerra antisubmergibile e attacco contra objectivos maritime. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.navy.mil/Resources/Fact-Files/ |titulo=Fact Files: Surface Ships |sitioweb=United States Navy |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250816112949/https://www.navy.mil/Resources/Fact-Files/ |archivedate=2025-08-16 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-10}}</ref> === Corvettes e naves de patrulia === Le corvettes e le naves de patrulia es generalmente plus parve que le destroyers e le fregatas. Illas pote esser empleate pro le surveillance del aquas costal, le protection del zonas economic maritime, le combatte contra le contrabando e altere missiones de securitate maritime. === Naves amphibie e de supporto === Le naves amphibie transporta tropas, vehiculos e equipamento e facilita le disbarcamento de fortias terrestre. Le naves de supporto procura combustibile, provisiones e assistentia technic a altere unitates, permittente lor operation durante periodos plus longe sin retornar a un porto. Certe naves amphibie pote etiam sustener operationes de assistentia humanitari e de responsa a emergentias. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.navy.mil/Resources/Fact-Files/Display-FactFiles/Article/2169814/amphibious-assault-ships-lhdlhar/ |titulo=Amphibious Assault Ships – LHD/LHA(R) |sitioweb=United States Navy |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Submergibles == Le submergibles militar es naves capabile de operar sub le superficie del mar. Illos pote esser employate pro reconnaissance, observation, attacco contra naves, protection de formationes naval e altere missiones subaquatic. Le submergibles conventional usa generalmente motores diesel e systemas electric, durante que le submergibles nuclear usa un reactor nuclear pro producer energia. Le propulsion nuclear pote permitter operationes de plus longe duration sin necessitar le reabastecimento frequente de combustibile, ben que le autonomia real depende etiam del provisiones, del equipage e del conditiones del mission. Certe submergibles es equipate con missiles balistic e participa al dissuasion nuclear de un Stato. Altere es destinate al attacco, al reconnaissance o al supporto de operationes special. Le missiones e le capacitate del submergibles varia secundo lor classe e lor equipamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.navy.mil/Resources/Fact-Files/Display-FactFiles/Article/2169558/attack-submarines-ssn/ |titulo=Attack Submarines – SSN |sitioweb=United States Navy |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/ships/submarines.html |titulo=Submarines |sitioweb=Naval History and Heritage Command |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Aviation naval == Le aviation naval es le componente aerie de un marina militar. Illa pote operar desde portaaviones, naves amphibie, bases costal e altere installationes. Su missiones include le reconnaissance maritime, le defense aerie, le attacco contra naves e objectivos terrestre, le guerra antisubmergibile, le transporto e le recuperation de personas in le mar. Le aviation naval es importante proque illa combina le mobilitate del naves con le autonomia e le velocitate del aeronaves. Le composition del aviation varia inter marinas: alcunes dispone de portaaviones e aviones venatori, durante que alteres opera principalmente helicoptros e aeronaves de reconnaissance desde bases terrestre. Le historia del aviation naval include le evolution desde le prime experientias de volo a bordo de naves usque al aeronaves moderne e al systemas sin piloto. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/browse-by-topic/communities/naval-aviation.html |titulo=Naval Aviation |sitioweb=Naval History and Heritage Command |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Infanteria de marina e operationes amphibie == Le infanteria de marina es un componente militar destinate principalmente al operationes ligate al mar, includente le disbarcamento amphibie, le protection de installationes maritime e le supporto a operationes naval. In alcunes paises, le infanteria de marina forma parte del marina militar; in alteres, illa constitue un ramo distincte o es organisate como un componente special del fortias armate. Su missiones pote includer le seizure de positiones costal, le protection de portos e bases e le cooperation con fortias terrestre. Le operationes amphibie require coordination inter naves, aviation naval, infanteria de marina e altere fortias de supporto. Le naves amphibie es concepite pro transportar e disbarcar tropas e equipamento e pote sustener etiam operationes de responsa a emergentias. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.navy.mil/Resources/Fact-Files/Display-FactFiles/Article/2169814/amphibious-assault-ships-lhdlhar/ |titulo=Amphibious Assault Ships – LHD/LHA(R) |sitioweb=United States Navy |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Formation e personal == Le personal de un marina militar include marineros, officieres, subofficieres, especialistas technic e personale de supporto. Le formation comprende navigation, operation del naves, communicationes, armamentos, manutention, securitate maritime e coordination de operationes. Le officieres pote esser specialisate in navigation, operationes, ingenieria naval, armas, intelligentia, logistics o altere campos. Le equipages recipe instruction pro operar le systemas del nave e mantener le securitate durante le navigation e le missiones. Le preparation militar include etiam exercitios con altere naves e fortias aerie e terrestre. Le cooperation international es importante pro le operationes multinational, proque le unitates debe poter communicar e operar con proceduras compatibile. Le NATO considera le preparation conjuncte e le interoperabilitate como elementos del cooperation maritime inter su membros. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/70759.htm |titulo=NATO’s maritime activities |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Commandamento e coordination == Le marina militar es generalmente sub le autoritate del Ministerio de Defense o de un institution equivalente. Su chef militar dirige le preparation del fortias naval e le administration del recursos que le es attribuite. Durante operationes conjuncte, le marina pote operar con le exercito, le fortia aerie e altere componentes del fortias armate sub un commandamento operative commun. Le coordination permitte combinar le capacitate maritime con le potentia aerie e terrestre secundo le objectivos del mission. In organisationes como le [[NATO]], le marinas de paises membro participa in structuras e exercitios multinational. Le cooperation pote includer le protection de rutas maritime, le escorta de naves, le defense contra minas e le coordination de operationes naval. Le strategia maritime del NATO tracta le contribution del fortias naval al defense collective, al securitate maritime e al cooperation con altere actores international. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/about-us/official-texts-and-resources/official-texts/2025/10/29/alliance-maritime-strategy |titulo=Alliance Maritime Strategy |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Rolo economic e strategic == Le marinas militar ha un relation directe con le importantia economic del mares. Un grande parte del commercio international depende del navigation maritime, e le portos, le canales e le strictiones maritime pote haber un valor strategic importante. Le marinas pote contribuir al protection del navigation commercial, al observation del activitate maritime e al dissuasion de menacias contra le rutas de transporte. Illas pote etiam participar in operationes contra le pirateria, le contrabando e altere activitates illegal, secundo le competentias e le mandato legal de cata Stato. Le capacitate de operar lontan del costa depende de plure factores, includente le dimension del flotta, le autonomia del naves, le disponibilitate de bases, le supporto logistic e le cooperation con altere paises. Le NATO sublinea le importantia del libertate de navigation, del protection del rutas maritime e del infrastructuras critic subaquatic pro le securitate economic e collective. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/about-us/official-texts-and-resources/official-texts/2025/10/29/alliance-maritime-strategy |titulo=Alliance Maritime Strategy |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Evolution technologic == Le evolution del technologia ha transformate le marinas militar durante le seculos. Le introduction del vapor, del radar, del sonar, del missiles guidate e del propulsion nuclear ha modificate le capacitate e le modos de operation del naves. In le 21e seculo, le marinas militar usa systemas digital de commandamento, sensores integrate, communicationes secur, vehiculos sin equipage e armas de precision. Le protection contra menacias cibernetic e le coordination con systemas aerie e spatial ha etiam acquirite importantia. Le disveloppamento technologic es accompaniate per costos elevate de acquisition e mantenimento. Le modernisation del flotta implica dunque decisiones super le dimension del fortias, le duration del servicio del naves e le repartition del recursos inter differente missiones. {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Marinas]] [[Categoria:Typos de fortias armate]] t055jym1rk998wfwql3a86wqvtknzey 0 62122 704191 704043 2026-10-13T02:38:57Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)''' esseva un conflicto armate que comenciava le 7 de octobre 2001, quando le [[Statos Unite]] e un coalition international initiava operationes militar contra le [[Taliban]] e [[Al-Qaeda]] in [[Afghanistan]]. Le intervention occurreva post le [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]], perpetrate per Al-Qaeda, que habeva bases e campamentos in territorio afghan sub le protection del governamento taliban. Le conflicto initiava con le operation militar statounitese [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] e se transformava progressivemente in un guerra prolongate que involveva le Taliban, le governamentos afghan successive, le [[OTAN]], le [[Nationes Unite]] e numerose altere paises. Le objectivos del intervention includeva le destruction del infrastructura de Al-Qaeda, le removal del governamento taliban e le establimento de un governamento afghan capace de mantener le securitate del pais. Le guerra se concludeva de facto in augusto 2021, quando le Taliban recapturava [[Kabul]] e le governamento del [[Republica Islamic de Afghanistan]] collabeva. Le ultime tropas statounitese abandonava le pais le 30 de augusto 2021, terminante quasi dece-nove annos e dece-un menses de presentia militar statounitese. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/what-we-do/operations-and-missions/nato-and-afghanistan |titulo=NATO and Afghanistan |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Antecedentes == === Afghanistan ante 2001 === Durante le annos 1990, Afghanistan esseva devastate per un guerra civil que se developpava post le retirada del tropas del [[Union Sovietic]] in 1989 e le collapso del governamento soutenite per Moscova in 1992. Differentes gruppos mujahidin luctava pro le controlo del pais, e le conflictos contribuiva al disintegration del institutiones statal e al destruction de grande parte del infrastructura. Le Taliban, un movimento islamista originari del sud de Afghanistan, emergeva in 1994 e conquistava Kabul in 1996. Illo establiva le [[Emirato Islamic de Afghanistan]] e imponeva un interpretation rigorose del lege islamic. Le governamento taliban provideva refugio a [[Osama bin Laden]] e a altere membros de Al-Qaeda, que organisava campamentos de preparation militar in le pais. Al-Qaeda habeva usate Afghanistan como base pro su operationes international, includente le preparation del attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001 contra le Statos Unite. Le Taliban refusava de entregar bin Laden e de eliminar le infrastructura de Al-Qaeda secundo le exigentias statounitese, lo que precedeva le intervention militar. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/what-we-do/operations-and-missions/nato-and-afghanistan |titulo=NATO and Afghanistan |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Le attaccos del 11 de septembre === Le 11 de septembre 2001, membros de Al-Qaeda sequestrava quatro avion civil e los usava in attaccos contra le [[World Trade Center]] in [[New York]] e le [[Pentagono]] in [[Virginia]]. Un quarto avion se precipitava in Pennsylvania post que su passageros tentava recuperar le controlo del avion. Quasi 3 000 personas esseva occidite. Le 12 de septembre, le OTAN invocava pro le prime vice in su historia le articulo 5 del [[Tractato del Atlantico Nord]], le clausula de defensa collective, post haber determinate que le attaccos habeva essite dirigite ab le exterior contra le Statos Unite. Le intervention in Afghanistan deveniva assi un parte central del [[Guerra contra le Terrorismo]] declarate per le administration del presidente [[George W. Bush]]. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/what-we-do/operations-and-missions/nato-and-afghanistan |titulo=NATO and Afghanistan |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Prime phase: intervention e cadita del Taliban (2001–2002) == Le 7 de octobre 2001, le Statos Unite initiava attaccos aeree contra positiones del Taliban, infrastructuras militar e campamentos de Al-Qaeda. Le operation, cognoscite como Operation Enduring Freedom, esseva soutenite per le [[Regno Unite]] e altere alliatos. Le coalition collaborava con le [[Alianza del Nord]], un coalition de gruppos afghan oppositores del Taliban. Durante novembre 2001, le fortias anti-taliban conquistava plure citates importante, includente [[Mazar-i-Sharif]] e Kabul. Le Taliban perdeva le controlo del capital le 13–14 de novembre e se retirava verso le sud e le regiones rural. In decembre, [[Kandahar]], un del principal centros del movimento, cadeva al manos del fortias oppositor. Osama bin Laden e altere membros de Al-Qaeda continuava a operar in le region montaniose de [[Tora Bora]], ubi le fortias statounitese e afghan initiava operationes contra lor positiones. Bin Laden escappava e trovava refugio in Pakistan. In decembre 2001, un conferentia international in [[Bonn]] produceva un accordo pro le formation de un administration transitori afghan sub le direction de [[Hamid Karzai]]. Le Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite autorisava le creation del [[International Security Assistance Force]] (ISAF), destinate initialmente a contribuer al securitate in Kabul e in su environs. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/what-we-do/operations-and-missions/nato-and-afghanistan |titulo=NATO and Afghanistan |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Creation del nove systema politic == Post le cadita del Taliban, le administration transitori initiava le reconstruction del institutiones del pais. Le processo conduceva al adoption de un nove constitution in 2004 e al election de Hamid Karzai como presidente del [[Republica Islamic de Afghanistan]]. Le nove systema politic esseva soutenite per le Statos Unite, le OTAN e altere donatores international. Le assistentia international includeva le reconstruction de infrastructuras, le formation del [[Forces National de Securitate Afghan]], le restablimento del servicios public e le creation de institutiones electoral e administrative. Durante iste periodo, le accesso al education, specialmente pro le pueras, e le participation del feminas in le vita public cresceva in comparation con le periodo del prime governamento taliban. Le medios de communication, le organisationes civil e altere institutiones se disveloppava etiam. Nonobstante, le corruption, le dependentia del assistentia exterior, le fragilitate institutional e le difficultates del governamento remaneva problemas importante. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-S-PURL-gpo159506/pdf/GOVPUB-S-PURL-gpo159506.pdf |titulo=What We Need to Learn: Lessons from Twenty Years of Afghanistan Reconstruction |sitioweb=Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Expansion del insurgentia taliban (2003–2009) == Post le perdita de su principal citates, le Taliban reorganisava su fortias e initiava un insurgentia contra le governamento afghan e le fortias international. Le movimento utilisava bombas improvisate, emboscadas, homicidios ciblate e attaccos suicide contra installationes militar, institutiones governamental e objectivos civil. Le insurgentia se expandiva specialmente in le provincias del sud e del est, includente [[Helmand]], [[Kandahar]], [[Paktika]] e [[Kunar]]. Le frontiera con Pakistan permitteva al Taliban e a altere gruppos armate de operar in regiones difficile a controlar per le fortias afghan e international. Le Statos Unite e le OTAN augmentava lor operationes militar e le formation del fortias afghan. In 2003, le OTAN assumeva le commandamento del ISAF e, durante le annos sequente, expandiva su responsabilitates a grande parte del pais. Le mission includeva le assistentia al securitate, le formation del fortias afghan e le supporto al reconstruction. Le combates deveniva plus intense durante le secunde medietate del decennio. Le Taliban manteneva le capacitate de attaccar le fortias international e le institutiones governamental, durante que le fortias international organisava operationes contra le insurgentes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/what-we-do/operations-and-missions/nato-and-afghanistan |titulo=NATO and Afghanistan |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Intensification del guerra (2009–2014) == In 2009, le administration del presidente statounitese [[Barack Obama]] annunciava un augmento del fortias in Afghanistan pro impedir que le Taliban recapturava le controlo del pais e pro reforçar le fortias afghan. Le augmento del tropas includeva decenas de milles de militares additional del Statos Unite e de altere membros del coalition. Le operationes militar se intensificava in le sud, specialmente in Helmand e Kandahar. Le fortias international e afghan organisava offensivas contra le positiones del Taliban, durante que le insurgentes continuava a usar tacticas de guerrilla e attaccos contra objectivos civil e militar. In maio 2011, le fortias special statounitese occideva Osama bin Laden in [[Abbottabad]], Pakistan. Le morte del chef de Al-Qaeda esseva un evento importante in le guerra contra le terrorismo, ma illo non poneva fin al insurgentia taliban in Afghanistan. Le numero de victimas civil remaneva un problema central. Le [[Mission de Assistenta del Nationes Unite in Afghanistan]] (UNAMA) documentava le mortes e lesiones de civiles e publicava reportos annual e periodic super le effectos del conflicto. In 2011 e durante le annos sequente, le majoritate del victimas civil documentate esseva attribuite a elementos anti-governamental, includente le Taliban, ben que le fortias pro-governamental etiam causava victimas. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://unama.unmissions.org/en/reports-on-the-protection-of-civilians-in-armed-conflict |titulo=Reports on the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict |sitioweb=United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Transition al fortias afghan e fin del ISAF (2014) == In 2014, le OTAN terminava formalmente le mission de combate del ISAF e transferiva le responsabilitate principal pro le securitate al [[Forces National de Securitate Afghan]]. Le coalition international continuava a prestar assistentia, formation e consilio per medio del mission [[Resolute Support]]. Le transition esseva destinate a permitter al governamento afghan e a su fortias de securitate de mantener le controlo del territorio sin le participation directa del grande fortias de combate international. Tamen, le Taliban continuava a controlar o a contestar partes del pais, e le fortias afghan affrontava problemas de corruption, perdidas de personal, difficultates logistic e dependentia del supporto aeree e technic international. Le fin del mission de combate del ISAF non significava le fin del guerra. Le conflicto continuava con attaccos, offensivas territorial e operationes militar del Taliban e del fortias governamental. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/what-we-do/operations-and-missions/nato-and-afghanistan |titulo=NATO and Afghanistan |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Negotiationes e accordo de Doha (2018–2020) == Durante le ultime annos del guerra, le Statos Unite e le Taliban initiava negotiationes pro determinar le conditiones del retirada del fortias international. Le governamento afghan participava a su proprie effortios de pace, ma non esseva parte del accordo principal con le Statos Unite. Le 29 de februario 2020, le Statos Unite e le Taliban signava le [[Accordo de Doha]], que establiava un quadro pro le retirada del tropas statounitese e international. In cambio, le Taliban se compromitteva a impedir que gruppos terrorista usava le territorio afghan pro planificar attaccos contra le Statos Unite e lor alliatos. Le accordo includeva etiam le initio de negotiationes inter-afghan e le discussion de un solution politic al conflicto. Tamen, le governamento del Republica Islamic non esseva parte del accordo bilateral, e le violentia continuava in Afghanistan. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/what-we-do/operations-and-missions/nato-and-afghanistan |titulo=NATO and Afghanistan |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Retirada international e offensiva final (2021) == In april 2021, le presidente statounitese [[Joe Biden]] annunciava que le tropas statounitese abandonarea Afghanistan ante le 11 de septembre 2021. Le OTAN decideva de retirar su proprie fortias in parallel con le Statos Unite. Le retirada comenciava in un momento in le qual le Taliban intensificava su offensiva contra le fortias governamental. Durante le estate de 2021, le insurgentes conquistava districtos, postos de frontiera e capitales provincial, sovente post le capitulation o le disintegration de unitates del fortias afghan. Le rapiditate del offensiva culminava le 15 de augusto 2021, quando le Taliban entrava in Kabul e le presidente [[Ashraf Ghani]] abandonava le pais. Le governamento se disintegrava e numerose personas tentava fugir per le aeroporto de Kabul. Le evacuation international includeva diplomatas, militares, personas estranier e milles de Afghans qui habeva collaborate con le governamento o con le fortias international. Le 26 de augusto, un attacco suicide al aeroporto de Kabul, revendicate per le [[Stato Islamic – Provincia de Khorasan]] (IS-K), occideva numerose civiles afghan e 13 militares statounitese. Le evacuation continuava in conditiones de securitate extrememente difficile. Le 30 de augusto 2021, le ultime avion militar statounitese abandonava le pais, terminante le presentia militar statounitese que habeva comenciate in octobre 2001. Le Taliban restabliva lor controlo national e annunciava le nove [[Emirato Islamic de Afghanistan]]. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/what-we-do/operations-and-missions/nato-and-afghanistan |titulo=NATO and Afghanistan |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Partes del conflicto == Le guerra involveva numerose actores con objectivos e relationes variabile durante le vinti annos del conflicto. * [[Taliban]]: le principal movimento insurgente contra le governamento afghan e le fortias international. Le movimento recuperava le controlo del pais in 2021. * [[Al-Qaeda]]: organisation jihadista international que habeva bases in Afghanistan ante le intervention de 2001 e que esseva un del objectivos initial del operationes statounitese. * [[Statos Unite]]: le principal actor militar international, con operationes contra Al-Qaeda e le Taliban e un longe mission de assistentia al fortias afghan. * OTAN e fortias alli ate: contribuiva tropas e medios al ISAF e, post 2014, al mission Resolute Support. * Governamento del Republica Islamic de Afghanistan: le administration establite post 2001, que recipeva assistentia militar, economic e institutional del coalition. * Fortias National de Securitate Afghan: le fortias militar e policial del governamento, que assumeva progressivemente le responsabilitate pro le securitate national. * Alliantia del Nord: coalition de gruppos afghan oppositores del Taliban, importante durante le prime phase del intervention. * Stato Islamic – Provincia de Khorasan: organisation jihadista que effectuava attaccos contra civiles, fortias governamental, Taliban e actores international durante le ultime annos del guerra e post le retirada international. Le relationes inter iste actores cambiava durante le conflicto. In particular, le accordo de Doha esseva un accordo bilateral inter le Statos Unite e le Taliban, durante que le governamento afghan non participava como parte al negotiation final. == Victimas e impacto humanitari == Le guerra causava grande perdidas human, displaciamento e destruction de infrastructuras. Le estimationes del numero de mortos varia secundo le periodo studiate e le methodologia usate. Le [[Costs of War Project]] del [[Universitate Brown]] estimava, in un evaluation publicate in 2021, que le guerra de Afghanistan habeva causate decenas de milles de mortes civil, militar e insurgente. Un tabulation del projecto indicava circa 47 245 mortes civil in Afghanistan e Pakistan insimul inter octobre 2001 e april 2021, assi como perdidas importante inter le fortias national, le combatentes insurgente, le tropas international, le contractores e le personal de assistentia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/files/cow/imce/figures/2021/Human%20and%20Budgetary%20Costs%20of%20Afghan%20War%2C%202001-2021.pdf |titulo=U.S. Costs to Date for the War in Afghanistan, 2001–2021 |sitioweb=Costs of War Project, Brown University |accesso=10 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416195200/https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/files/cow/imce/figures/2021/Human%20and%20Budgetary%20Costs%20of%20Afghan%20War%2C%202001-2021.pdf |archivedate=2021-04-16 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> Le cifras non include necessarimente tote le mortes indirecte causate per fame, maladias, interruption del servicios medical, destruction de infrastructuras e altere effectos del guerra. Le estimationes global varia etiam secundo le inclusion o exclusion del conflictos in Pakistan e del mortes indirecte. UNAMA documentava systematicamente le victimas civil desde 2009. Durante le prime medietate de 2021, le organisation registrava 5 183 victimas civil, includente 1 659 mortos e 3 524 feritos, un augmento de 47% in comparation con le mesme periodo de 2020. Le augmento esseva associate al intensification del combates durante le retirada international e le offensiva del Taliban. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://unama.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/unama_poc_midyear_report_2021_26_july.pdf |titulo=Afghanistan: Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict, Midyear Update 2021 |sitioweb=United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le guerra produceva etiam un grande crise de displaciamento. Milliones de Afghans abandonava lor casas, tanto como refugiatos in paises vicin como in le forma de personas displaciate intra le pais. Le destruction del economia e le dependentia del assistentia exterior augmentava le vulnerabilitate del population. == Costos economic e reconstruction == Le Statos Unite e le altere donatores international expendeva grande summas in operationes militar, formation del fortias afghan, reconstruction, assistentia humanitari e disveloppamento institutional. Le Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR) publicava in 2021 un reporto que evaluava le effortios de reconstruction statounitese durante le vinti annos. Le reporto identificava problemas recurrente in le planification e execution del programmas, includente le difficultate de comprender le contexto local, le insufficientia de strategias coherente, le corruption, le difficultate de mantener projectos post le fin del financiamento e le adaptation insufficiente al conditiones del societate afghan. Le SIGAR sublineava que alcun projectos habeva obtenite resultatos positive, ma que multe programmas non attingeva lor objectivos a longo termino. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-S-PURL-gpo159506/pdf/GOVPUB-S-PURL-gpo159506.pdf |titulo=What We Need to Learn: Lessons from Twenty Years of Afghanistan Reconstruction |sitioweb=Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le guerra consumava tamben recursos importante del budgetos national del Statos Unite e de altere paises participante. Le custos includeva le operationes militar, le assistentia al fortias afghan, le assistentia humanitari e le obligationes a longo termino concernente veteranos e personal ferite. == Consequentias politic e social == Le conflicto transformava le societate afghan. Durante le periodo del Republica Islamic, le education, le medios de communication, le administration public e le participation politic se expandiva in certe areas, ben que le accesso e le securitate variava considerabilemente inter regiones e gruppos social. Le feminas e le pueras obteneva un accesso plus grande al education e al empleo in comparation con le periodo del prime governamento taliban. Nonobstante, le guerra, le violentia, le corruption e le disigualitates regional limitava le resultatos del reconstruction. Post le recaptura del pais in 2021, le Taliban reintroduceva restrictiones extensive al education del pueras e al participation del feminas in le vita public e professional. Le consequentias del guerra continuava assi post le fin del intervention militar international, con un crise economic e humanitari que affligiva grande parte del population. == Responsabilitates e controverse == Le guerra esseva marcate per controverse concernente le strategia militar, le protection del civiles, le detention de suspectos, le tortura e le uso del fortia. Le operationes del coalition e del fortias afghan esseva objecto de investigationes e criticas, specialmente in relation con attaccos aeree e operationes que causava mortes civil. Le Taliban e altere gruppos insurgente esseva responsabile de numerose attaccos contra civiles, includente bombas improvisate, attaccos suicide e homicidios cibl ate. UNAMA documentava le contribution de differente partes al mortes e lesiones de civiles e demandava que tote le actores respectava le derecto international humanitari e prendeva mesuras pro reducer le damnos a non-combatentes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://unama.unmissions.org/en/reports-on-the-protection-of-civilians-in-armed-conflict |titulo=Reports on the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict |sitioweb=United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le evaluation del guerra include etiam le question del efficacia del reconstruction e del formation del fortias afghan. Le reportos del SIGAR examina le problemas de corruption, le dependentia logistic del fortias afghan e le difficultate de transformar le assistentia international in institutiones capace de functionar sin supporto exterior. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-S-PURL-gpo159506/pdf/GOVPUB-S-PURL-gpo159506.pdf |titulo=What We Need to Learn: Lessons from Twenty Years of Afghanistan Reconstruction |sitioweb=Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction |accesso=10 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Retirada e fin del guerra == Le retirada international esseva un processo progressive que culminava in 2021. Le accordo de Doha de 2020 establiava un calendario de retirada statounitese e un quadro pro negotiationes, ma le violenta offensiva del Taliban durante le estate de 2021 alterava rapidemente le situation militar. Le cadita de Kabul le 15 de augusto 2021 marcava le collapso del Republica Islamic de Afghanistan. Le evacuation international se concludeva le 30 de augusto, quando le ultime tropas statounitese abandonava le pais. Le Taliban restabliva lor governamento, e le guerra conventional contra le fortias del Republica Islamic terminava, ben que altere formas de violentia armate e opposition continuava post 2021. == Memoria e interpretation == Le guerra de Afghanistan esseva un del operationes militar plus longe del Statos Unite e un del principal conflictos international del initio del seculo XXI. Illo combinava operationes contra gruppos jihadista, un intervention contra le governamento taliban, le construction de un nove systema politic e un effortio de reconstruction a grande scala. Le conflicto terminava con le retorno del Taliban al poter, ma su effectos persiste in le societate afghan, in le relationes international e in le debattes super le limites del intervention militar e del reconstruction institutional. Le interpretation del guerra varia inter governamentos, veteranos, organisationes humanitari e communitates afghan, e continua a esser un subjecto de investigation historic e politic. {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Guerra de Afghanistan]] [[Categoria:Historia de Afghanistan]] [[Categoria:Guerra contra le terrorismo]] [[Categoria:Conflictos]] 5yy29hdybrb5i9px7qxyzhht3mzgy8t 0 62123 704204 704101 2026-10-13T07:32:17Z Interlingvisto 60932 704204 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Guerra contra le terrorismo''' (in anglese ''War on Terror'' o ''Global War on Terrorism'', GWOT) es le denomination usate principalmente pro describer le campania international contra organisationes terroristic initiate per le administration del presidente statounitese [[George W. Bush]] post le [[attentatos del 11 de septembre 2001]]. Le expression include un insimul de operationes militar, actiones de intelligentia, cooperation policial, mesuras financiari e diplomatic e politicas de securitate national destinate a impedir attentatos e a combatter organisationes como [[Al-Qaeda]] e, ulteriormente, le [[Stato Islamic]]. Le expression deveniva un elemento central del politica exterior del [[Statos Unite]] post le attentatos del 11 de septembre 2001. Le campania includeva principalmente le intervention militar in [[Afghanistan]] in 2001 e le [[Guerra de Irak]] initiate in 2003, ma su ambito se extendeva etiam a operationes e programas de contraterorismo in [[Pakistan]], [[Yemen]], [[Somalia]], [[Libya]] e altere territorios. Le natura e le extension del campania variava conforme al administration statounitese e al participation de altere paises. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/RL33600.html |titulo=International Terrorism: Threat, Policy, and Response |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le expression non designa un sol guerra conventional con un frontiera geographic definite o un accordo formal de fin del hostilitate. Illo es usate pro describer un insimul de conflictos e politicas de securitate cuje objectivos, bases juridic e participantes variava durante le decennios sequente al attentatos de 2001. == Antecedentes == Durante le decennios anterior a 2001, le Statos Unite e altere paises habeva ja developpate politicas de contraterorismo contra organisationes armate e gruppos que executava attentatos international. Un del organisationes plus importante deveniva [[Al-Qaeda]], fundate e dirigite per [[Osama bin Laden]], que promoveva un campania de attentatos contra objectivos statounitese e altere interesses international. Le attentatos contra le ambassadas statounitese in [[Kenya]] e [[Tanzania]] in 1998 e le explosion contra le nave militar [[USS Cole]] in 2000 habeva ja provocate operationes e mesuras de securitate contra Al-Qaeda. Tamen, le attentatos del 11 de septembre 2001 provocava un expansion major del escala del responsa statounitese. == Le attentatos del 11 de septembre 2001 == Le 11 de septembre 2001, membros de Al-Qaeda sequestrava quatro avion commercial statounitese. Duo avion collideva con le [[World Trade Center]] in [[New York]], un collideva con le [[Pentagono]] in [[Virginia]], e le quarto se precipitava in Pennsylvania post que le passageros e le equipage tentava reprender le controlo del avion. Le attentatos causava le morte de quasi 3 000 personas e deveniva le puncto de partida del campania international que le administration Bush designava como guerra contra le terrorismo. Le responsa statounitese includeva mesuras de securitate interior, cooperation con altere governamentos, operationes de intelligentia e actiones militar contra organisationes e autoritates considerate responsabile de sustener o albergar terroristas. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/RS22357.html |titulo=Authorization for Use of Military Force in Response to the 9/11 Attacks: Legislative History |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 12 de septembre 2001, le [[Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite]] adoptava le Resolution 1368, que condemnava le attentatos e recognosceva le derecto de autodefensa in conformitate con le Carta del Nationes Unite. Le resolution appellava etiam a cooperation international pro facer justitia contra le autores e organisatores del attentatos. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/448051 |titulo=Security Council Resolution 1368 (2001) |sitioweb=Organisation del Nationes Unite |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Congresso del Statos Unite approbava le 18 de septembre 2001 le Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF), que autorisava le presidente a usar fortia contra le nationes, organisationes o personas que ille determinava haber planificate, autorisate, committite o facilitate le attentatos del 11 de septembre, o haber albergate le responsabiles. Iste authorization deveniva un del principal bases juridic invocate per le governamento statounitese pro numerose operationes militar posterior. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/RS22357.html |titulo=Authorization for Use of Military Force in Response to the 9/11 Attacks |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Guerra in Afghanistan == {{AP|Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)}} Le 7 de octobre 2001, le Statos Unite e le Regno Unite initiava operationes militar contra le [[Taliban]] e Al-Qaeda in Afghanistan. Le governamento taliban habeva albergate Al-Qaeda, e le Statos Unite demandava que le organisation terroristic e su direction esseva privite de su refugios. Le prime operationes combinava attaccos aeree con le supporto a fuerzas afghan opposate al Taliban. Le regime taliban perdeva le controlo del capital, [[Kabul]], in novembre 2001, e le governamento esseva removite del poter in le prime phase del intervention. Tamen, le guerra continuava contra le Taliban e altere gruppos armate, durante que le Statos Unite e su alliatos susteneva le formation de un nove administration afghan. Le [[NATO]] assumeva le direction del [[International Security Assistance Force]] (ISAF) in 2003. Le mission includeva le assistentia al governamento afghan in le provision de securitate e le disveloppamento del proprie fortias de securitate. ISAF terminava in decembre 2014, e le mission [[Resolute Support]] comenciava in januario 2015 pro instruer, consiliar e assister le fortias afghan. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/what-we-do/operations-and-missions/isafs-mission-in-afghanistan-2001-2014 |titulo=ISAF's Mission in Afghanistan (2001–2014) |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nato.int/en/what-we-do/operations-and-missions/resolute-support-mission-in-afghanistan-2015-2021 |titulo=Resolute Support Mission in Afghanistan (2015–2021) |sitioweb=NATO |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In februario 2020, le Statos Unite e le Taliban signava un accordo concernente le retiro del fortias international. Le Statos Unite comenciava su retiro final in 2021, e le fortias del NATO se retirava in coordination con le decision statounitese. Le Taliban recapturava Kabul le 15 de augusto 2021, e le evacuation del personal statounitese e de numerose afghanos terminava le 30 de augusto. Le retorno del Taliban al poter marcava un cambio major in le situation politic e securitari del pais. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/R46879.html |titulo=U.S. Military Withdrawal and Taliban Takeover in Afghanistan: Frequently Asked Questions |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Guerra de Irak == {{AP|Guerra de Irak}} In martio 2003, un coalition dirigite per le Statos Unite e le Regno Unite invadeva [[Irak]] e removiva del poter le governamento de [[Saddam Hussein]]. Le administration Bush presentava le intervention como parte del effortio plus ample de securitate post le 11 de septembre e argumentava que Irak violava su obligationes international de disarmamento e representava un menacia. Le intervention in Irak esseva distincte del operationes initial contra Al-Qaeda in Afghanistan. Le governamento de Saddam Hussein non esseva le autor del attentatos del 11 de septembre, e le relationes inter Irak e Al-Qaeda esseva objecto de controversia. Le justification juridic del invasion esseva basate principalmente super interpretationes de resolutiones anterior del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite e super le accusationes concernente le obligationes de disarmamento de Irak. Le interpretation del resolutiones e le legalitate del invasion remaneva objecto de controversia international. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.congressionalresearch.com/RL31715/document.php |titulo=Iraq War: Background and Issues Overview |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://academic.oup.com/ejil/article/17/3/531/2756270 |titulo=Security Council, Democratic Legitimacy and Regime Change in Iraq |sitioweb=European Journal of International Law |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Post le cadita del governamento, Irak experimentava un periodo de occupation, insurrection e violente conflicto inter gruppos armate. Le dissolution de partes del structura statal e militar, le tensiones inter communitates e le expansion de organisationes jihadiste contribueva al deterioration del securitate. Le Statos Unite retirava le major parte de su fortias in 2011, ma le violenta instabilitate continuava. == Expansion del operationes de contraterorismo == Le guerra contra le terrorismo non se limitava a Afghanistan e Irak. Le Statos Unite e su socios conduceva operationes de contraterorismo in plure paises, usante un combination de actiones militar, cooperation con governamentos, operationes de intelligentia, arrestos, sanctions financiari e assistentia al fortias local. In Pakistan, le Statos Unite conduceva operationes contra membros de Al-Qaeda e altere gruppos armate, includente attaccos con avionas sin piloto. Operationes similari esseva effectuate in Yemen e Somalia. Le nature e le extension del intervention variava secundo le situation local e le cooperation con le governamentos concernite. In le Filipinas, le Statos Unite forniva assistentia e instruction a fortias local que luctava contra gruppos armate, includente Abu Sayyaf. In Africa e in altere regiones, le cooperation international includeva le assistentia militar, le exchange de information e le interruption de redes de financiamento de organisationes terroristic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.congressionalresearch.com/RL32758/document.php |titulo=U.S. Military Operations in the Global War on Terrorism: Afghanistan, Africa, the Philippines, and Colombia |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Apparition del Stato Islamic == Le [[Stato Islamic]] (ISIL o ISIS) emergeva in le contexto del insurrection in Irak e del guerra civil in [[Syria]]. Su origine institutional es ligate a un rete jihadiste active in Irak post 2003. Le organisation approfittava del deterioration del securitate in le region e del expansion del conflicto syrie pro establir un territorio sub su controlo. In 2014, le Stato Islamic occupava vaste areas de Irak e Syria e proclamava un caliphato. Su expansion e le violentia contra civitates, minoritates religiose e altere gruppos provocava un intervention militar international. Le Statos Unite formava un coalition contra ISIL e initiava operationes aeree in Irak in augusto 2014 e in Syria in septembre 2014. Le campania contra ISIL includeva attaccos aeree, supporto a fortias local e cooperation international. Le controlo territorial del caliphato esseva progressivemente reducite, e le ultime territorio que le organisation controlava in Syria esseva capturate in 2019. Tamen, le organisation e gruppos affiliate continuava a operar como rete insurgente e terroristic. == Mesuras de securitate e intelligentia == Le guerra contra le terrorismo includeva un expansion del mesuras de securitate interior e international. In le Statos Unite, le USA PATRIOT Act, approbate in octobre 2001, amplificava certe instrumentos legal pro le investigation de terrorism e le cooperation inter le services de securitate. Le governamentos augmentava le cooperation inter le services de intelligentia, le polizia e le autoritates financiari. Le mesuras includeva le controlo del transferentias monetari, le identification de suspectos, le surveillance de communicationes e le reinforcement del securitate in aeroportos e infrastructuras critic. Le expansion de iste mesuras provocava debattes super le equilibrio inter securitate e derectos civil. Le surveillance electronic, le detention sin processo ordinari, le interrogationes coercitive e le conditiones de detention in installationes como [[Guantánamo Bay]] deveniva objectos de controverse juridic e politic. == Legalitate e controverse == Le guerra contra le terrorismo provocava debattes super le limites del uso de fortia, le application del derecto international humanitari e le protection del derectos fundamental. Le controverse includeva le legalitate de certe operationes militar, le uso de avionas sin piloto, le detention de suspectos, le interrogationes coercitive e le transferentia de prisioneros inter paises. Un del questiones principal concerneva le interpretation del conceptos de guerra e de combatente in conflictos contra organisationes non statal. Le governamentos que participava in le campania invocava le necessitate de prevenir attentatos e de impedir que organisationes terroristic manteneva refugios secur. Criticos e organisationes de derectos human argumentava que certe mesuras compromitteva le protection juridic de suspectos e civitates e poteva contribuer al alienation de populationes local. Le intervention in Irak esseva etiam criticate per le absentia de un nove authorization explicit del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite e per le resultato de le investigationes post le invasion, que non trovava le stockages de armas de destruction massive que habeva essite invocate como un del justificationes del guerra. == Impacto human e economic == Le conflictos associate al guerra contra le terrorismo causava un grande numero de mortes, feritos e displaciamentos. Le effectos non se limitava al mortes directe in le combate, ma includeva etiam le destruction de infrastructuras, le interruption del servicios public, le deterioramento del economia e le difficultates de accesso al sanitate e al alimentation. Le calculo del costo human total varia secundo le paises includite, le periodo analysate e le distinction inter mortes directe e indirecte. Le projecto Costs of War del [[Universitate Brown]] publicava in 2023 un evaluation secundo le qual le guerras post le 11 de septembre in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Irak, Syria e Yemen habeva causate al minus 4,5 a 4,6 milliones de mortes directe e indirecte, con le major parte del mortes indirecte ligate al effectos prolongate del guerra super le sanitate, le economia e le servicios essencial. Le estimate es un evaluation aggregate del guerras post 2001 e non un conto exact de victimas del sola guerra contra le terrorismo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://home.watson.brown.edu/research/research-briefs/how-death-outlives-war-reverberating-impact-post-911-wars-human-health |titulo=How Death Outlives War: The Reverberating Impact of the Post-9/11 Wars on Human Health |sitioweb=Watson School of International and Public Affairs, Brown University |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le costo financiari esseva tamben substantial. Un evaluation del Costs of War project in 2021 estimava que le gastos statounitese associate al guerras post 2001 attingeva circa 8 billiones de dollars statounitese, includente le operationes militar, le assistentia a veteranos e le interesses super le debita. Le cifra depende del metodologia e del periodo considerate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.brown.edu/news/2021-09-01/costsofwar |titulo=Costs of the 20-year war on terror: $8 trillion and 900,000 deaths |sitioweb=Brown University |accesso=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Retiro del Afghanistan e evolution posterior == Le retiro del fortias statounitese e del NATO in 2021 marcava un momento decisive del guerra in Afghanistan. Le rapide cadita del governamento afghan e le retorno del Taliban al poter provocava un crisis de evacuation e questionamentos super le resultatos del intervention de vinti annos. Le retiro non significava le fin de tote le operationes de contraterorismo. Le Statos Unite e altere paises continuava a surveillar organisationes jihadiste e a effectuar cooperation de securitate con socios international. Le Taliban, Al-Qaeda e le Stato Islamic continuava a esser objectos de attention per le servicios de securitate, ben que lor relationes e lor capacitate variava secundo le territorio e le periodo. Le evolution posterior del campania ha essite marcate per un plus grande emphasis super operationes de intelligentia, cooperation international, mesuras financiari e interventiones militar plus limitate, in vice de occupationes territorial de longe duration. == Memoria e interpretation == Le guerra contra le terrorismo deveniva un del principales marcos del politica exterior e de securitate del initio del seculo XXI. Illo transformava le relationes international, le legislatión de securitate, le cooperation inter services de intelligentia e le debattes super le derectos civil e le uso de fortia militar. Le evaluation del campania varia. Su defensores sublinea le interruption de complotos, le disorganisation de certe redes terroristic e le reduction del capacitate territorial de organisationes como ISIL. Criticos accentua le costo human e financiari, le prolongation de conflictos, le destruction de infrastructuras, le questionamentos juridic e le resultatos limitate de certe operationes de nation-building. Le analyse historic distingue dunque inter le objectivos declarate del campania, le resultatos specific de cata operation e su consequentias a longe termino. {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Guerra contra le terrorismo| ]] [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:Historia del Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Afghanistan]] [[Categoria:Irak]] [[Categoria:Terrorismo]] ezwx9f9wwlikzw2osflshbgd0et5yle 0 62145 704200 704112 2026-10-13T06:35:09Z Interlingvisto 60932 704200 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''guerra contra le carteles''' es un termino usate pro describer le intensification, desde 2025, del actiones del [[Statos Unite de America]] contra organisationes criminal transnational, specialmente carteles del narcotraffico operante in [[America latin]] e in le [[Mar Caribe|Caribe]]. Le campania include designationes de organisationes criminal como organisationes terroristic estranier, sanctiones economic, operationes de securitate e attaccos militar contra naves suspectate de transportar drogas. Le administration del presidente [[Donald Trump]] presenta le campania como un effortio pro impedir le traffico de drogas e proteger le securitate national del Stato Unite. Le uso del fortias militar contra suspectate narcotrafficantes, specialmente in aquas international del Caribe e del Pacific oriental, ha tamen provocate controversias super le evidentia publicate, le derecto international e le limites del emprego del fortia letal. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/designating-cartels-and-other-organizations-as-foreign-terrorist-organizations-and-specially-designated-global-terrorists/ |titulo=Designating Cartels and Other Organizations as Foreign Terrorist Organizations and Specially Designated Global Terrorists |sitioweb=The White House |fecha=20 de januario 2025 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.justsecurity.org/120753/collection-u-s-lethal-strikes-on-suspected-drug-traffickers/ |titulo=Collection: U.S. Lethal Strikes on Suspected Drug Traffickers |sitioweb=Just Security |fecha=2 de septembre 2026 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Origines e contexto == Le intensification del campania se produceva durante le secunde presidientia de Donald Trump. Le 20 de januario 2025, Trump signava le Executive Order 14157, que establiva un processo pro designar certe carteles e altere organisationes transnational como ''Foreign Terrorist Organizations'' o ''Specially Designated Global Terrorists''. Le documento presentava le carteles como un menacia al securitate national, al politica exterior e al economia del Stato Unite. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/designating-cartels-and-other-organizations-as-foreign-terrorist-organizations-and-specially-designated-global-terrorists/ |titulo=Designating Cartels and Other Organizations as Foreign Terrorist Organizations and Specially Designated Global Terrorists |sitioweb=The White House |fecha=20 de januario 2025 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le administration argumentava que le carteles non esseva solmente organisationes criminal traditional, ma structuras transnational cuje activitates includeva traffico de drogas, contrabando de personas, violentia armate e corruption. Iste interpretation esseva usate pro justificar un approccio de securitate national plus militarisate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/designating-cartels-and-other-organizations-as-foreign-terrorist-organizations-and-specially-designated-global-terrorists/ |titulo=Executive Order 14157 |sitioweb=The White House |fecha=20 de januario 2025 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le designations terroristic esseva accompaniate per mesuras contra le financias e le activitates del organisationes designate. In februario 2025, le administration formalmente designava plure organisationes criminal de America Latin como organisationes terroristic estranier. Le mesura includeva importante carteles mexican, assi como organisationes criminal originari de altere paises. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/eb35567b69fc66f13f7f79fb90906a50 |titulo=Trump administration labels 8 Latin American cartels as foreign terrorist organizations |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Operationes militar == Le 2 de septembre 2025, le fortias militar del Stato Unite executava un attacco contra un nave que le administration declarava esser implicate in le traffico de drogas. Iste evento marcava le initio del serie de attaccos letal contra naves suspectate de narcotraffico in le Caribe e in le Pacific oriental. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2025/10/assessing-the-facts-and-legal-questions-about-the-u-s-strikes-on-alleged-drug-boats/ |titulo=Assessing the Facts and Legal Questions About the U.S. Strikes on Alleged Drug Boats |sitioweb=FactCheck.org |fecha=30 de octobre 2025 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le operationes involveva naves e personal que le autoritates del Stato Unite associava con organisationes criminal e rotas de contrabando. Le administration declarava que le attaccos esseva destinate a impedir le movemento de drogas e a neutralisar personas que illa qualificava como narcoterroristas. Le operationes esseva publicate in parte per communicationes del autoritates militar del Stato Unite. Tamen, in numerose casos, le information public non includeva le identitate de tote le personas occidite ni evidentia independente que demonstrava le cargamento exacte del naves attaccate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/0589ce7065bc2dea0ae719c3420f4072 |titulo=US military says latest strike on alleged drug-smuggling boat in the Caribbean kills 4 |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=9 de octobre 2026 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Operation Southern Spear == Le serie de operationes contra naves suspectate de narcotraffico esseva associate al campania militar que le administration del Stato Unite ha appellate Operation Southern Spear. Le operation involve le uso de fortias naval e aerie in le Caribe e in le Pacific oriental, con le objectivo declarate de interromper le rotas maritime del narcotraffico. Le attaccos se distingueva de multe operationes conventional de application del lege perque illos usava fortia militar letal contra naves suspectate, in loco de limitar se a interception, arresto e sequestration de cargamentos. Iste approccio deveniva un del aspectos plus contestate del campania. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.justsecurity.org/120753/collection-u-s-lethal-strikes-on-suspected-drug-traffickers/ |titulo=Collection: U.S. Lethal Strikes on Suspected Drug Traffickers |sitioweb=Just Security |fecha=2 de septembre 2026 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Secundo le information publicate per le Associated Press al 9 de octobre 2026, le serie de attaccos habeva attingite circa 70 operationes e al minus 235 mortes. Le cifras es basate super le information disponibile al tempore del reporto e pote cambiar con nove operationes o con le publication de informationes additional. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/0589ce7065bc2dea0ae719c3420f4072 |titulo=US military says latest strike on alleged drug-smuggling boat in the Caribbean kills 4 |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=9 de octobre 2026 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organisationes criminal designate == Le campania concerne plure organisationes criminal transnational, specialmente in America Latin. Inter le organisationes designate per le administration del Stato Unite se trova: * le Cartel de Sinaloa, un del principales organisationes de narcotraffico de Mexico; * le Cartel de Jalisco Nueva Generación (CJNG); * le Cartel del Golfo; * le Cartel del Nordeste; * le La Nueva Familia Michoacana; * le Cartel Unidos; * le gang salvadorian Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13); * le organisation venezuelan Tren de Aragua. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/eb35567b69fc66f13f7f79fb90906a50 |titulo=Trump administration labels 8 Latin American cartels as foreign terrorist organizations |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le designation como organisation terroristic es un classification juridic del Stato Unite. Illo non significa automaticamente que tote le membros, affiliatos o personas suspectate de cooperation con iste gruppos pote esser tractate como combatentes in un conflicto armate secundo le derecto international. Le effectos juridic depende del normas applicabile e del circumstantias de cata caso. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2025/10/assessing-the-facts-and-legal-questions-about-the-u-s-strikes-on-alleged-drug-boats/ |titulo=Assessing the Facts and Legal Questions About the U.S. Strikes on Alleged Drug Boats |sitioweb=FactCheck.org |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relationes con Mexico == Le relationes inter le Stato Unite e [[Mexico]] ha essite un elemento central del campania. Le administration de Trump ha pressate Mexico pro augmentar su action contra le carteles, le production de drogas e le rotas de contrabando. Le controversia ha includite etiam le possibilitate de un intervention militar del Stato Unite in territorio mexican. Le presidente mexican [[Claudia Sheinbaum]] ha rejectate le proposition que le fortias militar del Stato Unite entra in Mexico pro combatter le narcotraffico, insistente que le cooperation debe respectar le sovranitate national. In maio 2025, illa declarava publicamente que Mexico pote cooperar e compartir information, ma que non acceptarea le presentia del fortias militar statounitese in su territorio. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.gob.mx/presidencia/prensa/nunca-vamos-a-aceptar-la-presencia-del-ejercito-de-estados-unidos-en-nuestro-territorio-presidenta-claudia-sheinbaum?idiom=es |titulo=Nunca vamos a aceptar la presencia del ejército de Estados Unidos en nuestro territorio |sitioweb=Presidencia de la República, Gobierno de México |fecha=3 de maio 2025 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le cooperation bilateral ha includite discussions super le securitate del frontiera, le exchange de information e le lutte contra le traffico de armas e drogas. Le duo governamentos non ha sempre concordate super le extension del intervention statounitese o super le interpretation del menacia representate per le carteles. == Relationes con altere paises == Le operationes del Stato Unite in le Caribe e in le Pacific oriental ha etiam affectate le relationes con altere paises del region, includente Venezuela e Colombia. Le attaccos contra naves in areas maritime proxime a lor costas ha provocate protestas e questiones super le sovranitate territorial e le uso del fortia militar in aquas international. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://caribbean.un.org/en/303151-us-strikes-southern-caribbean-escalate-tensions-venezuela |titulo=UN urges restraint as US strikes in southern Caribbean escalate tensions with Venezuela |sitioweb=United Nations |fecha=13 de octobre 2025 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le campania ha tamben stimulate cooperationes securitari inter le Stato Unite e altere governamentos del region. Le extension de iste cooperation varia secundo le pais, e le participation in operationes conjuncte non implica necessariemente le acceptation de un intervention militar statounitese unilateral. == Controversias juridic == Le justification juridic del attaccos ha essite un del principales aspectos controverse del campania. Le administration del Stato Unite ha argumentate que le carteles constitui un menacia al securitate national e que le pais es ingagiate in un conflicto armate con certe organisationes criminal. Illa ha invocate le competentias del presidente in materia de defense e le interpretation del conflicto como un confrontation con gruppos armate non statal. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2025/10/assessing-the-facts-and-legal-questions-about-the-u-s-strikes-on-alleged-drug-boats/ |titulo=Assessing the Facts and Legal Questions About the U.S. Strikes on Alleged Drug Boats |sitioweb=FactCheck.org |fecha=30 de octobre 2025 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Altere juristas e organisationes de derectos human ha contestate iste interpretation. Illes argumenta que le narcotraffico, mesmo quando involve violentia grave, non constitue automaticamente un conflicto armate e que le uso de fortia letal contra personas suspectate de crimine debe respectar le derecto applicabile al protection del vita. Le qualitate de un persona como suspectate de narcotraffico non es per se sufficiente pro establir que illa es un objectivo militar legitime. Le 31 de octobre 2025, le Alto Commissario del Nationes Unite pro le Derectos Human declarava que le attaccos contra naves suspectate de narcotraffico occurreva in circumstantias que non habeva justification in le derecto international, e demandava mesuras pro impedir mortes que poterea constituir executiones extrajudicial. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://caribbean.un.org/en/304421-us-strikes-caribbean-and-pacific-breach-international-law-says-un-rights-chief |titulo=US strikes in Caribbean and Pacific breach international law, says UN rights chief |sitioweb=United Nations |fecha=31 de octobre 2025 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le administration statounitese ha defendite le operationes como mesuras de securitate contra narcotraffico e ha affirmate que illos es conforme al quadro juridic que illo applica. Le interpretation del derecto international e le legitimita de certe attaccos remane subjectos a controversia. == Impacto e evaluation == Le effectos del campania es difficile a separar del altere operationes de securitate, del activitate del autoritates national e del evolution del rotas de narcotraffico. Le administration del Stato Unite ha presentate le attaccos como un medio de dissuader le traffico maritime e de impedir le transporto de drogas verso le pais. Tamen, le information public non sempre permitte verificar independentemente le natura del cargamentos, le identitate del personas occidite o le effecto net del attaccos super le traffico de drogas. Le evaluation del efficacia del campania require dunque distinguer inter le resultatos annunciate per le autoritates e le resultatos confirmate per fontes independente. Le controversia include etiam le effectos super le relationes diplomatic, le protection del derectos human e le interpretation del limites del emprego de fortia militar contra organisationes criminal transnational. == Situation al octobre 2026 == Al octobre 2026, le campania continua con operationes militar contra naves suspectate de narcotraffico in le Caribe e in le Pacific oriental. Secundo le reportos publicate al initio de octobre, le serie de attaccos habeva causate al minus 235 mortes in circa 70 operationes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/0589ce7065bc2dea0ae719c3420f4072 |titulo=US military says latest strike on alleged drug-smuggling boat in the Caribbean kills 4 |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=9 de octobre 2026 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le campania remane un elemento del politica statounitese contra le carteles e le narcotraffico, ma su extension, su effectos e su compatibilitate con le derecto international continua a esser subjectos a debatte public e juridic. {{ref}} [[Categoria:Relationes inter Mexico e le Stato Unite]] [[Categoria:Narcotraffico]] [[Categoria:Operationes militar del Stato Unite]] [[Categoria:Criminalitate organisate]] [[Categoria:Operation Southern Spear| ]] [[Categoria:Conflictos del annos 2020]] [[Categoria:Attaccos aeree de 2025]] [[Categoria:2025 in relationes international]] [[Categoria:2025 in le Caribes]] [[Categoria:2025 in Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Operationes militar de 2025]] [[Categoria:Conflictos del seculo XXI]] [[Categoria:Historia militar del Statos Unite in le seculo XXI]] [[Categoria:Attaccos aeree conducite per le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Blocadas per le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Blocadas]] [[Categoria:Conflictos de 2025]] [[Categoria:Contraterrorismo in le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Operationes contraterrorista]] [[Categoria:Crise in Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Crises diplomatic durante le secunde administration Trump]] [[Categoria:Pete Hegseth]] [[Categoria:Historia del controlo de drogas]] [[Categoria:Derecto del mar]] [[Categoria:Operationes militar contra le crimine organisate]] [[Categoria:Controversias de Nicolás Maduro]] [[Categoria:Novembre 2025 in America del Sud]] [[Categoria:Novembre 2025 in le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Era post-Guerra Frigida]] [[Categoria:Marco Rubio]] [[Categoria:Controversias del secunde administration Trump]] [[Categoria:Septembre 2025 in America del Sud]] [[Categoria:Marina del Statos Unite in le seculo XXI]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter le Statos Unite e Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Guerra contra le terrorismo]] [[Categoria:Guerra contra le drogas]] [[Categoria:Attaccos aeree de 2026]] [[Categoria:2026 in le Caribes]] [[Categoria:2026 in Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Operationes militar de 2026]] [[Categoria:Crimines de guerra del Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Guerras involvente le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Guerras involvente Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Guerras involvente Cuba]] [[Categoria:Guerras involvente Ecuador]] b3rbx2rv69mtpi0pd38izx6yndiud5z 0 62160 704163 2026-10-12T12:25:11Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “{{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''intervention guidate per Arabia Saudita in le guerra civil yemenita''' esseva un intervention militar initiate le 26 de martio 2015 per un coalition de Statos dirigite per [[Arabia Saudita]], in supporto del governamento de [[Yemen]] recognoscite internationalmente, alora presedite per [[Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi]]. Le intervention comenciava post que le movimento [[huthi]] e unitates militar alli ate habeva occupate [[Sanaa]], le capit...” 704163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''intervention guidate per Arabia Saudita in le guerra civil yemenita''' esseva un intervention militar initiate le 26 de martio 2015 per un coalition de Statos dirigite per [[Arabia Saudita]], in supporto del governamento de [[Yemen]] recognoscite internationalmente, alora presedite per [[Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi]]. Le intervention comenciava post que le movimento [[huthi]] e unitates militar alli ate habeva occupate [[Sanaa]], le capital de Yemen, in septembre 2014, e le crise politic e militar habeva escalate. Le operation initial, denominate Operation Decisive Storm, includeva attaccos aeree contra le fortias huthi e lor alliatos. Le intervention deveniva un elemento central del guerra civil yemeni e contribueva a internationalisar le conflicto. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://dppa.un.org/en/factsheet/special-envoy-yemen |titulo=Special Envoy Yemen |sitioweb=Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le coalition esseva formate principalmente per Arabia Saudita e le [[Emiratos Arabes Unite]], con participation de altere paises arabe durante differente fases. Le intervention includeva operationes aeree e maritime, supporto a fortias terrestre alli ate al governamento e mesuras destinate a impedir le transferentia de armas e le movemento de material militar verso le huthis. Le campania esseva objecto de controverse international per su effectos super le population civil, le destruction de infrastructuras e le consequentias humanitari del guerra. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/R45046.html |titulo=Congress and the War in Yemen: Oversight and Legislation 2015–2021 |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Antecedentes == Le intervention occurreva in le quadro del crise politic que se disveloppava post le protestas del [[Primavera Arabe]] in 2011. Le presidente [[Ali Abdullah Saleh]], qui habeva governate Yemen durante plure decennios, relinquava le poter in 2012 in favor de su vice-presidente, Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, secundo un accordo de transition supportate per le [[Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] e le Nationes Unite. Le processo de transition incontrava difficultates concernente le repartition del poter, le organisation territorial del Stato e le relationes inter le differente gruppos politic e regional. Le movimento huthi, originari del nord del pais e cognoscite etiam como [[Ansar Allah]], extendeva su controlo territorial e occupava Sanaa in septembre 2014, con le supporto de unitates alli ate a Saleh. Durante le prime menses de 2015, le confrontation inter le huthis e le governamento de Hadi se intensificava. Hadi fugiva a Arabia Saudita post le perdita de controlo de partes importante del pais e demandava supporto militar international. Le 26 de martio 2015, un coalition dirigite per Arabia Saudita initiava le intervention militar in Yemen. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unmissions.org/en/dppa/yemen |titulo=Yemen |sitioweb=Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Objectivos e fundamento del intervention == Arabia Saudita e le governamento de Hadi presentava le intervention como un action destinate a restaurar le governamento de Yemen recognoscite internationalmente, impedir le expansion del controlo huthi e sustener le transition politic del pais. Le coalition affirmava etiam que le operationes militar esseva destinate a proteger le territorio saudita contra le menacia representate per le fortias huthi e lor armas. Le intervention esseva demandate per Hadi, qui continuava a esser recognoscite per le major parte del communitate international como le presidente legitimate de Yemen. Le Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite, per medio del resolution 2216 de 2015, demandava que le huthis relinquerea le areas occupate e que le processo politic esseva restabilite. Tamen, le resolution non constitueva un autorisation explicit del Consilio pro le intervention militar del coalition. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/848628/files/A_71_365_Add.6-EN.pdf |titulo=Reportes del Secretario General super le situation in Yemen |sitioweb=Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le intervention esseva etiam ligate al rivalitate regional inter Arabia Saudita e [[Iran]], que supportava le huthis in differente formas. Le grado e le natura del supporto iranian esseva objecto de debattes diplomatic e militar. Le guerra deveniva assi parte de un confrontation regional plus large, ben que le actores yemeni manteneva lor proprie interesses politic e militar. == Operation Decisive Storm == Le 26 de martio 2015, le coalition initiava un campania de attaccos aeree contra le huthis e le fortias alli ate a Saleh. Le operation esseva denominate Decisive Storm e habeva como objectivo declarate le reduction del capacitate militar del huthis, includente lor aviones, systemas de defensa aeree, installationes militar e arsenales. Le coalition esseva dirigite per Arabia Saudita e includeva, durante differente phases, le Emiratos Arabes Unite, Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Egypto, Jordania, Marocco e Sudan. Le composition del coalition cambiava durante le guerra; Qatar, per exemplo, esseva excluse in 2017 durante le crise diplomatic inter Qatar e altere Statos del region. Le prime fase del intervention esseva dominate per le aviation militar e le operationes maritime. Le coalition declarava haber attingite plure de su objectivos initial, ma le huthis manteneva le controlo de Sanaa e de grande parte del nord-west de Yemen. Le 22 de april 2015, le coalition annunciava le fin de Decisive Storm e le initio de un nove fase denominate Operation Restore Hope, que combinava action militar, mesuras de securitate e initiativas politic e diplomatic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/R45046.html |titulo=Congress and the War in Yemen: Oversight and Legislation 2015–2021 |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Operation Restore Hope e le expansion del guerra == Post le fin del prime campania, le coalition continuava le attaccos aeree e le supporto al fortias del governamento. Le intervention includeva etiam operationes terrestre, supporto logistic e cooperation con fortias local oppositores del huthis. Le Emiratos Arabes Unite assumeva un rolo importante in le supporto a fortias yemeni in le sud e sur le costa occidental. Le coalition e le fortias alli ate a Hadi participava a operationes pro recapturar zonas strategic, includente areas circum [[Aden]] e le costa del [[Mar Rubie]]. Le conflicto deveniva plus complexe per le existentia de plure actores armate. Ultra le huthis e le fortias del governamento, le [[Consilio de Transition del Sud]] e altere gruppos local combatteva pro lor proprie objectivos politic e territorial. Le organisationes jihadista, includente [[Al-Qaeda in le Peninsula Arabic]], approfittava del disorganisation e del debilitamento del institutiones del Stato pro extender lor activitate. Le intervention non conduceva al restablimento rapide del governamento in tote le territorio. Le huthis manteneva le controlo de Sanaa e de grande parte del nord e del west, durante que le fortias supportate per le coalition esseva repartite inter differente gruppos con interesses que non sempre concordava. == Supporto international al coalition == Le intervention esseva supportate in grados variabile per altere paises occidental, specialmente le [[Statos Unite]] e le [[Regno Unite]]. Le supporto american includeva venditas de armamentos, formation, intelligentia e assistentia logistic. Durante plure annos, le Statos Unite provideva etiam servicios de reabastecimento in volo a aviones del coalition, ben que le natura e le extension del supporto cambiava con le tempore. Le relationes inter le coalition e su socios occidental deveniva objecto de debattes politic e juridic, specialmente in relation con le protection del civiles e le uso de armamentos vendite per paises occidental. Un reporto del [[Government Accountability Office]] del Statos Unite concludeva que le administration american non habeva determinate completemente le extension del contribution del supporto militar american al damnos civil in Yemen. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-22-105988 |titulo=Yemen: State and DOD Need Better Information on Civilian Impacts of U.S. Military Support to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates |sitioweb=U.S. Government Accountability Office |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Attaccos aeree e effectos super le civiles == Le campania aeree del coalition provocava numerose victimas civil e damnos a infrastructuras. Le [[Nationes Unite]], [[Human Rights Watch]] e altere organisationes documentava attaccos contra zonas residential, mercatos, hospitales, scholas, infrastructuras de aqua e sanitation, e altere objectivos civil. Human Rights Watch documentava decenas de attaccos aeree que, secundo su investigationes, pareva esser indiscriminate o disproportionate e que poteva violar le derecto humanitari international. Le organisation reportava etiam attaccos contra naves de pisca e infrastructuras civil. Le coalition contestava certe accusationes e declarava que su operationes mirava objectivos militar; le evaluation juridic de incidentes specific depende del circumstantias e del evidentia disponibile. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2020/country-chapters/yemen |titulo=World Report 2020: Yemen |sitioweb=Human Rights Watch |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Nationes Unite indicava que le attaccos aeree del coalition esseva un del principal causas del victimas civil durante plure phases del guerra. Le reportos international documentava etiam violantias committite per le huthis, includente attaccos indiscriminate con missiles, uso de minas antipersona e reclutamento de infantes. Le responsabilitate pro le damnos al civiles esseva attribuite a plure partes del conflicto, e non solmente al coalition. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://yemen.un.org/en/21045-interactive-dialogue-high-commissioner%E2%80%99s-report-yemen |titulo=Interactive dialogue on the High Commissioner’s report on Yemen |sitioweb=Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Blocada, portos e accesso humanitari == Le coalition imponeva restrictiones al navigation, al accesso de naves e al traffico aeree, justificante iste mesuras como un medio pro impedir le introduction de armas al huthis. Le restrictiones al portos e al aeroporto de Sanaa habeva tamen effectos significative super le importation de alimentos, combustibile e medicamentos, assi como super le possibilitate de viagiar pro obtener tractamentos medical. Le [[Porto de Al-Hudaydah]] deveniva un puncto central del disputa, perque un parte importante del importationes commercial e del assistentia humanitari entrava in Yemen per iste porto. Le restrictiones e le interruptiones del activitate portuari aggravava le situation economic e complicava le distribution de assistentia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://yemen.un.org/en/176632-yemenunct-annual-report-2021 |titulo=Yemen UNCT Annual Report 2021 |sitioweb=Nationes Unite in Yemen |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le crise humanitari includeva displaciamento interne, malnutrition, epidemias, perdita de medios de subsistentia e interruption del servicios essential. Le actores humanitari insisteva que le accesso secur e rapide al population affectate esseva indispensabile e demandava que tote le partes respectava le derecto humanitari international. == Accusationes de violantias del derecto humanitari == Le coalition esseva accusate de haber committite attaccos indiscriminate o disproportionate e de haber contribuite al deterioration del situation humanitari per le restrictiones al importationes. Le huthis e altere partes esseva accusate de attaccos contra civiles, uso de minas, detention arbitrari e reclutamento de infantes. Le controverse concernente le responsabilitate international includeva le question del venditas de armas e del assistentia militar fornite al coalition. Le [[Nationes Unite]] e organisationes de derectos human demandava investigationes independente e mesuras pro impedir nove violantias. Le qualification de un incidente como crimine de guerra depende del evidentia e del evaluation juridic de su circumstantias specific; non tote le accusationes esseva judicate per un corte competente. == Cessation de hostilidades e initiativas diplomatic == Durante le guerra, le Nationes Unite organisava plure rondas de negotiationes inter le partes yemeni. Le [[Accordo de Stockholm]] de decembre 2018 includeva un cessate le foco in le region de Al-Hudaydah e mesuras pro facilitar le accesso humanitari. Le implementation del accordo esseva incomplete e le confrontation continuava in altere partes del pais. In april 2022, un tregua mediate per le Nationes Unite reduceva le hostilidades major inter le huthis e le coalition. Ben que le tregua formal expirava in octobre 2022, le nivello del combates inter le principal partes remaneva inferior a illo del annos precedente durante un periodo prolongate. Le tregua non conduceva a un accordo politic comprehensive, e le situation del pais remaneva fragmentate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://dppa.un.org/en/factsheet/special-envoy-yemen |titulo=Special Envoy Yemen |sitioweb=Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Evolution desde 2023 == Post le tregua de 2022, le frontes principal remaneva relativamente stabile, ma le conflicto non esseva resolvite. Le huthis continuava a controlar Sanaa e grande parte del nord, durante que le governamento recognoscite internationalmente e le Consilio Presidential de Direction exerceva autoritate in altere areas, con supporto de Arabia Saudita e de altere socios regional. Le situation regional deveniva plus complexe post le initio del attaccos huthi contra naves in le [[Mar Rubie]] in 2023. Le Statos Unite, le Regno Unite e altere paises initiava attaccos contra objectivos in zonas controlate per le huthis in responsa al attaccos maritime. Le nove confrontos augmentava le risco de un expansion regional del conflicto. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2025/country-chapters/yemen |titulo=World Report 2025: Yemen |sitioweb=Human Rights Watch |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In 2025 e 2026, le situation politic e militar continuava a evolver. Le tensiones inter le actores del sud, le fortias del Consilio Presidential de Direction e le huthis complicava le possibilitate de un accordo national. Le intervention saudita, que habeva comenciate como un campania militar directe in 2015, deveniva progressivemente plus ligate al diplomatia regional e al negotiationes super le securitate del frontieras e le futuro politic de Yemen. == Recrudescimento del combates in octobre 2026 == Le 9 de octobre 2026, le Enviato Special del Secretario General del Nationes Unite pro Yemen, [[Hans Grundberg]], informava al Consilio de Securitate que le pais habeva retornate a un situation de guerra de grande scala, con hostilidades in plure frontes. Le reporto mentionava combates intense in le zonas alte al west e sud de [[Taiz]], in le region de [[Lahj]], e in [[Marib]], [[Al-Jawf]] e [[Hajjah]]. Secundo le mesme briefing, le governamento yemeni habeva lanceate un contraoffensiva e reportate haber recuperate certe zonas circa le [[Bab al-Mandab]]. Le huthis habeva etiam executate attaccos contra infrastructuras civil e energetic in Arabia Saudita, includente le aeroportos de [[Abha]] e [[Riyadh]], con victimas civil. Iste evolutiones indicava un nove escalation del guerra e un deterioration rapide del situation humanitari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://osesgy.unmissions.org/en/node/136978 |titulo=Briefing by the UN Special Envoy for Yemen, Hans Grundberg, to the Security Council |sitioweb=Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen |fecha=9 de octobre 2026 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le recrudescimento del combates occurreva in un contexto in le qual le intervention saudita continuava a esser un elemento del quadro regional de securitate, ma le conflicto includeva etiam numerose actores yemeni e altere interventiones international. Le situation non pote esser reducite a un confrontation simple inter Arabia Saudita e le huthis. == Consequentias humanitari == Le guerra civil e le intervention militar causava un del plus grave crises humanitari contemporanee. Le population affrontava displaciamento, perdita de accesso al alimentos e al aqua potable, interruption del servicios medical e destruction de infrastructuras. Le guerra contribueva etiam al deterioration del economia, al perdita de empleos e al dependentia de un grande parte del population super le assistentia humanitari. In su plano pro 2026, le Officio del Nationes Unite pro le Coordination del Affaires Humanitari estimava que plus de 22 milliones de personas in Yemen necessitava assistentia humanitari e protection, includente 5,2 milliones de personas displaciate intra le pais. Le documento mentionava etiam nivellos alte de insecuritate alimentar e malnutrition, assi como difficultates crescente pro le operationes humanitari per le restrictiones financiari e le deterioration del securitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://yemen.un.org/en/312711-ocha-yemen-yemen-humanitarian-needs-and-response-plan-2026-march-2026 |titulo=Yemen Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |fecha=29 de martio 2026 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le effectos del conflicto non esseva limitate al damnos directe causate per le armas. Le interruption del importationes, le deterioration del infrastructuras e le fragmentation del institutiones contribueva al difficultates de accesso al sanitate, al education, al aqua e a servicios basic. == Retirada partial e situation del coalition == Le participation del paises del coalition cambiava durante le annos. Le Emiratos Arabes Unite reduceva e reorganisava su presentia militar directe, durante que altere membros del coalition diminuiva lor participation o cambiava lor rolo. Arabia Saudita continuava a esser un actor central, ma le emphase se spostava progressivemente verso le negotiationes e le mesuras de securitate regional. Le intervention non restituiva le controlo del territorio national al governamento de Hadi, e le structura politic de Yemen remaneva fragmentate. Le huthis conservava un importante base territorial e militar, durante que le governamento recognoscite e le gruppos del sud disputava le autoritate in altere partes del pais. == Importantia regional == Le intervention saudita es un exemplo de intervention militar regional in le 21e seculo. Illo reflecte le interesses de securitate de Arabia Saudita, le rivalitate con Iran, le question del securitate del frontieras e del rotas maritime, e le complexitate del politica interne de Yemen. Le intervention contribueva a internationalisar le guerra e a extender le confrontation al Mar Rubie e al Golfo de Aden. Le evolution del conflicto monstra le difficultate de obtener un solution militar in un pais con institutiones fragile, actores armate multiple e interesses regional concurrente. {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Guerra civil yemeni]] [[Categoria:Interventiones militar]] [[Categoria:Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Yemen]] [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:2015 in Yemen]] [[Categoria:Hiverno arabe]] [[Categoria:Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] [[Categoria:Violentia sectarian schiita-sunnita]] [[Categoria:Relationes schiita-sunnita]] [[Categoria:Relationes Qatar–Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Relationes Iran–Qatar]] [[Categoria:Relationes Iran–Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Guerra per procuration Iran–Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Crise diplomatic de Qatar]] [[Categoria:Guerras frigid]] dntgrhtjh95qgd2dv6wllj3v0fw0qev 704164 704163 2026-10-12T12:25:45Z Interlingvisto 60932 704164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''intervention guidate per Arabia Saudita in le guerra civil yemenita''' esseva un intervention militar initiate le 26 de martio 2015 per un coalition de Statos dirigite per [[Arabia Saudita]], in supporto del governamento de [[Yemen]] recognoscite internationalmente, alora presedite per [[Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi]]. Le intervention comenciava post que le movimento [[huthi]] e unitates militar alli ate habeva occupate [[Sanaa]], le capital de Yemen, in septembre 2014, e le crise politic e militar habeva escalate. Le operation initial, denominate Operation Decisive Storm, includeva attaccos aeree contra le fortias huthi e lor alliatos. Le intervention deveniva un elemento central del guerra civil yemeni e contribueva a internationalisar le conflicto. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://dppa.un.org/en/factsheet/special-envoy-yemen |titulo=Special Envoy Yemen |sitioweb=Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le coalition esseva formate principalmente per Arabia Saudita e le [[Emiratos Arabe Unite]], con participation de altere paises arabe durante differente fases. Le intervention includeva operationes aeree e maritime, supporto a fortias terrestre alli ate al governamento e mesuras destinate a impedir le transferentia de armas e le movemento de material militar verso le huthis. Le campania esseva objecto de controverse international per su effectos super le population civil, le destruction de infrastructuras e le consequentias humanitari del guerra. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/R45046.html |titulo=Congress and the War in Yemen: Oversight and Legislation 2015–2021 |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Antecedentes == Le intervention occurreva in le quadro del crise politic que se disveloppava post le protestas del [[Primavera Arabe]] in 2011. Le presidente [[Ali Abdullah Saleh]], qui habeva governate Yemen durante plure decennios, relinquava le poter in 2012 in favor de su vice-presidente, Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, secundo un accordo de transition supportate per le [[Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] e le Nationes Unite. Le processo de transition incontrava difficultates concernente le repartition del poter, le organisation territorial del Stato e le relationes inter le differente gruppos politic e regional. Le movimento huthi, originari del nord del pais e cognoscite etiam como [[Ansar Allah]], extendeva su controlo territorial e occupava Sanaa in septembre 2014, con le supporto de unitates alli ate a Saleh. Durante le prime menses de 2015, le confrontation inter le huthis e le governamento de Hadi se intensificava. Hadi fugiva a Arabia Saudita post le perdita de controlo de partes importante del pais e demandava supporto militar international. Le 26 de martio 2015, un coalition dirigite per Arabia Saudita initiava le intervention militar in Yemen. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unmissions.org/en/dppa/yemen |titulo=Yemen |sitioweb=Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Objectivos e fundamento del intervention == Arabia Saudita e le governamento de Hadi presentava le intervention como un action destinate a restaurar le governamento de Yemen recognoscite internationalmente, impedir le expansion del controlo huthi e sustener le transition politic del pais. Le coalition affirmava etiam que le operationes militar esseva destinate a proteger le territorio saudita contra le menacia representate per le fortias huthi e lor armas. Le intervention esseva demandate per Hadi, qui continuava a esser recognoscite per le major parte del communitate international como le presidente legitimate de Yemen. Le Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite, per medio del resolution 2216 de 2015, demandava que le huthis relinquerea le areas occupate e que le processo politic esseva restabilite. Tamen, le resolution non constitueva un autorisation explicit del Consilio pro le intervention militar del coalition. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/848628/files/A_71_365_Add.6-EN.pdf |titulo=Reportes del Secretario General super le situation in Yemen |sitioweb=Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le intervention esseva etiam ligate al rivalitate regional inter Arabia Saudita e [[Iran]], que supportava le huthis in differente formas. Le grado e le natura del supporto iranian esseva objecto de debattes diplomatic e militar. Le guerra deveniva assi parte de un confrontation regional plus large, ben que le actores yemeni manteneva lor proprie interesses politic e militar. == Operation Decisive Storm == Le 26 de martio 2015, le coalition initiava un campania de attaccos aeree contra le huthis e le fortias alli ate a Saleh. Le operation esseva denominate Decisive Storm e habeva como objectivo declarate le reduction del capacitate militar del huthis, includente lor aviones, systemas de defensa aeree, installationes militar e arsenales. Le coalition esseva dirigite per Arabia Saudita e includeva, durante differente phases, le Emiratos Arabes Unite, Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Egypto, Jordania, Marocco e Sudan. Le composition del coalition cambiava durante le guerra; Qatar, per exemplo, esseva excluse in 2017 durante le crise diplomatic inter Qatar e altere Statos del region. Le prime fase del intervention esseva dominate per le aviation militar e le operationes maritime. Le coalition declarava haber attingite plure de su objectivos initial, ma le huthis manteneva le controlo de Sanaa e de grande parte del nord-west de Yemen. Le 22 de april 2015, le coalition annunciava le fin de Decisive Storm e le initio de un nove fase denominate Operation Restore Hope, que combinava action militar, mesuras de securitate e initiativas politic e diplomatic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/R45046.html |titulo=Congress and the War in Yemen: Oversight and Legislation 2015–2021 |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Operation Restore Hope e le expansion del guerra == Post le fin del prime campania, le coalition continuava le attaccos aeree e le supporto al fortias del governamento. Le intervention includeva etiam operationes terrestre, supporto logistic e cooperation con fortias local oppositores del huthis. Le Emiratos Arabes Unite assumeva un rolo importante in le supporto a fortias yemeni in le sud e sur le costa occidental. Le coalition e le fortias alli ate a Hadi participava a operationes pro recapturar zonas strategic, includente areas circum [[Aden]] e le costa del [[Mar Rubie]]. Le conflicto deveniva plus complexe per le existentia de plure actores armate. Ultra le huthis e le fortias del governamento, le [[Consilio de Transition del Sud]] e altere gruppos local combatteva pro lor proprie objectivos politic e territorial. Le organisationes jihadista, includente [[Al-Qaeda in le Peninsula Arabic]], approfittava del disorganisation e del debilitamento del institutiones del Stato pro extender lor activitate. Le intervention non conduceva al restablimento rapide del governamento in tote le territorio. Le huthis manteneva le controlo de Sanaa e de grande parte del nord e del west, durante que le fortias supportate per le coalition esseva repartite inter differente gruppos con interesses que non sempre concordava. == Supporto international al coalition == Le intervention esseva supportate in grados variabile per altere paises occidental, specialmente le [[Statos Unite]] e le [[Regno Unite]]. Le supporto american includeva venditas de armamentos, formation, intelligentia e assistentia logistic. Durante plure annos, le Statos Unite provideva etiam servicios de reabastecimento in volo a aviones del coalition, ben que le natura e le extension del supporto cambiava con le tempore. Le relationes inter le coalition e su socios occidental deveniva objecto de debattes politic e juridic, specialmente in relation con le protection del civiles e le uso de armamentos vendite per paises occidental. Un reporto del [[Government Accountability Office]] del Statos Unite concludeva que le administration american non habeva determinate completemente le extension del contribution del supporto militar american al damnos civil in Yemen. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-22-105988 |titulo=Yemen: State and DOD Need Better Information on Civilian Impacts of U.S. Military Support to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates |sitioweb=U.S. Government Accountability Office |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Attaccos aeree e effectos super le civiles == Le campania aeree del coalition provocava numerose victimas civil e damnos a infrastructuras. Le [[Nationes Unite]], [[Human Rights Watch]] e altere organisationes documentava attaccos contra zonas residential, mercatos, hospitales, scholas, infrastructuras de aqua e sanitation, e altere objectivos civil. Human Rights Watch documentava decenas de attaccos aeree que, secundo su investigationes, pareva esser indiscriminate o disproportionate e que poteva violar le derecto humanitari international. Le organisation reportava etiam attaccos contra naves de pisca e infrastructuras civil. Le coalition contestava certe accusationes e declarava que su operationes mirava objectivos militar; le evaluation juridic de incidentes specific depende del circumstantias e del evidentia disponibile. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2020/country-chapters/yemen |titulo=World Report 2020: Yemen |sitioweb=Human Rights Watch |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Nationes Unite indicava que le attaccos aeree del coalition esseva un del principal causas del victimas civil durante plure phases del guerra. Le reportos international documentava etiam violantias committite per le huthis, includente attaccos indiscriminate con missiles, uso de minas antipersona e reclutamento de infantes. Le responsabilitate pro le damnos al civiles esseva attribuite a plure partes del conflicto, e non solmente al coalition. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://yemen.un.org/en/21045-interactive-dialogue-high-commissioner%E2%80%99s-report-yemen |titulo=Interactive dialogue on the High Commissioner’s report on Yemen |sitioweb=Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Blocada, portos e accesso humanitari == Le coalition imponeva restrictiones al navigation, al accesso de naves e al traffico aeree, justificante iste mesuras como un medio pro impedir le introduction de armas al huthis. Le restrictiones al portos e al aeroporto de Sanaa habeva tamen effectos significative super le importation de alimentos, combustibile e medicamentos, assi como super le possibilitate de viagiar pro obtener tractamentos medical. Le [[Porto de Al-Hudaydah]] deveniva un puncto central del disputa, perque un parte importante del importationes commercial e del assistentia humanitari entrava in Yemen per iste porto. Le restrictiones e le interruptiones del activitate portuari aggravava le situation economic e complicava le distribution de assistentia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://yemen.un.org/en/176632-yemenunct-annual-report-2021 |titulo=Yemen UNCT Annual Report 2021 |sitioweb=Nationes Unite in Yemen |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le crise humanitari includeva displaciamento interne, malnutrition, epidemias, perdita de medios de subsistentia e interruption del servicios essential. Le actores humanitari insisteva que le accesso secur e rapide al population affectate esseva indispensabile e demandava que tote le partes respectava le derecto humanitari international. == Accusationes de violantias del derecto humanitari == Le coalition esseva accusate de haber committite attaccos indiscriminate o disproportionate e de haber contribuite al deterioration del situation humanitari per le restrictiones al importationes. Le huthis e altere partes esseva accusate de attaccos contra civiles, uso de minas, detention arbitrari e reclutamento de infantes. Le controverse concernente le responsabilitate international includeva le question del venditas de armas e del assistentia militar fornite al coalition. Le [[Nationes Unite]] e organisationes de derectos human demandava investigationes independente e mesuras pro impedir nove violantias. Le qualification de un incidente como crimine de guerra depende del evidentia e del evaluation juridic de su circumstantias specific; non tote le accusationes esseva judicate per un corte competente. == Cessation de hostilidades e initiativas diplomatic == Durante le guerra, le Nationes Unite organisava plure rondas de negotiationes inter le partes yemeni. Le [[Accordo de Stockholm]] de decembre 2018 includeva un cessate le foco in le region de Al-Hudaydah e mesuras pro facilitar le accesso humanitari. Le implementation del accordo esseva incomplete e le confrontation continuava in altere partes del pais. In april 2022, un tregua mediate per le Nationes Unite reduceva le hostilidades major inter le huthis e le coalition. Ben que le tregua formal expirava in octobre 2022, le nivello del combates inter le principal partes remaneva inferior a illo del annos precedente durante un periodo prolongate. Le tregua non conduceva a un accordo politic comprehensive, e le situation del pais remaneva fragmentate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://dppa.un.org/en/factsheet/special-envoy-yemen |titulo=Special Envoy Yemen |sitioweb=Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Evolution desde 2023 == Post le tregua de 2022, le frontes principal remaneva relativamente stabile, ma le conflicto non esseva resolvite. Le huthis continuava a controlar Sanaa e grande parte del nord, durante que le governamento recognoscite internationalmente e le Consilio Presidential de Direction exerceva autoritate in altere areas, con supporto de Arabia Saudita e de altere socios regional. Le situation regional deveniva plus complexe post le initio del attaccos huthi contra naves in le [[Mar Rubie]] in 2023. Le Statos Unite, le Regno Unite e altere paises initiava attaccos contra objectivos in zonas controlate per le huthis in responsa al attaccos maritime. Le nove confrontos augmentava le risco de un expansion regional del conflicto. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2025/country-chapters/yemen |titulo=World Report 2025: Yemen |sitioweb=Human Rights Watch |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In 2025 e 2026, le situation politic e militar continuava a evolver. Le tensiones inter le actores del sud, le fortias del Consilio Presidential de Direction e le huthis complicava le possibilitate de un accordo national. Le intervention saudita, que habeva comenciate como un campania militar directe in 2015, deveniva progressivemente plus ligate al diplomatia regional e al negotiationes super le securitate del frontieras e le futuro politic de Yemen. == Recrudescimento del combates in octobre 2026 == Le 9 de octobre 2026, le Enviato Special del Secretario General del Nationes Unite pro Yemen, [[Hans Grundberg]], informava al Consilio de Securitate que le pais habeva retornate a un situation de guerra de grande scala, con hostilidades in plure frontes. Le reporto mentionava combates intense in le zonas alte al west e sud de [[Taiz]], in le region de [[Lahj]], e in [[Marib]], [[Al-Jawf]] e [[Hajjah]]. Secundo le mesme briefing, le governamento yemeni habeva lanceate un contraoffensiva e reportate haber recuperate certe zonas circa le [[Bab al-Mandab]]. Le huthis habeva etiam executate attaccos contra infrastructuras civil e energetic in Arabia Saudita, includente le aeroportos de [[Abha]] e [[Riyadh]], con victimas civil. Iste evolutiones indicava un nove escalation del guerra e un deterioration rapide del situation humanitari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://osesgy.unmissions.org/en/node/136978 |titulo=Briefing by the UN Special Envoy for Yemen, Hans Grundberg, to the Security Council |sitioweb=Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen |fecha=9 de octobre 2026 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le recrudescimento del combates occurreva in un contexto in le qual le intervention saudita continuava a esser un elemento del quadro regional de securitate, ma le conflicto includeva etiam numerose actores yemeni e altere interventiones international. Le situation non pote esser reducite a un confrontation simple inter Arabia Saudita e le huthis. == Consequentias humanitari == Le guerra civil e le intervention militar causava un del plus grave crises humanitari contemporanee. Le population affrontava displaciamento, perdita de accesso al alimentos e al aqua potable, interruption del servicios medical e destruction de infrastructuras. Le guerra contribueva etiam al deterioration del economia, al perdita de empleos e al dependentia de un grande parte del population super le assistentia humanitari. In su plano pro 2026, le Officio del Nationes Unite pro le Coordination del Affaires Humanitari estimava que plus de 22 milliones de personas in Yemen necessitava assistentia humanitari e protection, includente 5,2 milliones de personas displaciate intra le pais. Le documento mentionava etiam nivellos alte de insecuritate alimentar e malnutrition, assi como difficultates crescente pro le operationes humanitari per le restrictiones financiari e le deterioration del securitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://yemen.un.org/en/312711-ocha-yemen-yemen-humanitarian-needs-and-response-plan-2026-march-2026 |titulo=Yemen Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |fecha=29 de martio 2026 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le effectos del conflicto non esseva limitate al damnos directe causate per le armas. Le interruption del importationes, le deterioration del infrastructuras e le fragmentation del institutiones contribueva al difficultates de accesso al sanitate, al education, al aqua e a servicios basic. == Retirada partial e situation del coalition == Le participation del paises del coalition cambiava durante le annos. Le Emiratos Arabes Unite reduceva e reorganisava su presentia militar directe, durante que altere membros del coalition diminuiva lor participation o cambiava lor rolo. Arabia Saudita continuava a esser un actor central, ma le emphase se spostava progressivemente verso le negotiationes e le mesuras de securitate regional. Le intervention non restituiva le controlo del territorio national al governamento de Hadi, e le structura politic de Yemen remaneva fragmentate. Le huthis conservava un importante base territorial e militar, durante que le governamento recognoscite e le gruppos del sud disputava le autoritate in altere partes del pais. == Importantia regional == Le intervention saudita es un exemplo de intervention militar regional in le 21e seculo. Illo reflecte le interesses de securitate de Arabia Saudita, le rivalitate con Iran, le question del securitate del frontieras e del rotas maritime, e le complexitate del politica interne de Yemen. Le intervention contribueva a internationalisar le guerra e a extender le confrontation al Mar Rubie e al Golfo de Aden. Le evolution del conflicto monstra le difficultate de obtener un solution militar in un pais con institutiones fragile, actores armate multiple e interesses regional concurrente. {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Guerra civil yemeni]] [[Categoria:Interventiones militar]] [[Categoria:Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Yemen]] [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:2015 in Yemen]] [[Categoria:Hiverno arabe]] [[Categoria:Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] [[Categoria:Violentia sectarian schiita-sunnita]] [[Categoria:Relationes schiita-sunnita]] [[Categoria:Relationes Qatar–Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Relationes Iran–Qatar]] [[Categoria:Relationes Iran–Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Guerra per procuration Iran–Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Crise diplomatic de Qatar]] [[Categoria:Guerras frigid]] 72wvvj8wf3pctpt2zvt8svkqg1dw6ys 704167 704164 2026-10-12T12:32:53Z Interlingvisto 60932 704167 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''intervention guidate per Arabia Saudita in le guerra civil yemenita''' esseva un intervention militar initiate le 26 de martio 2015 per un coalition de Statos dirigite per [[Arabia Saudita]], in supporto del governamento de [[Yemen]] recognoscite internationalmente, alora presedite per [[Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi]]. Le intervention comenciava post que le movimento [[huthi]] e unitates militar alli ate habeva occupate [[Sanaa]], le capital de Yemen, in septembre 2014, e le crise politic e militar habeva escalate. Le operation initial, denominate Operation Decisive Storm, includeva attaccos aeree contra le fortias huthi e lor alliatos. Le intervention deveniva un elemento central del guerra civil yemeni e contribueva a internationalisar le conflicto. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://dppa.un.org/en/factsheet/special-envoy-yemen |titulo=Special Envoy Yemen |sitioweb=Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le coalition esseva formate principalmente per Arabia Saudita e le [[Emiratos Arabe Unite]], con participation de altere paises arabe durante differente fases. Le intervention includeva operationes aeree e maritime, supporto a fortias terrestre alli ate al governamento e mesuras destinate a impedir le transferentia de armas e le movemento de material militar verso le huthis. Le campania esseva objecto de controverse international per su effectos super le population civil, le destruction de infrastructuras e le consequentias humanitari del guerra. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/R45046.html |titulo=Congress and the War in Yemen: Oversight and Legislation 2015–2021 |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Antecedentes == Le intervention occurreva in le quadro del crise politic que se disveloppava post le protestas del [[Primavera Arabe]] in 2011. Le presidente [[Ali Abdullah Saleh]], qui habeva governate Yemen durante plure decennios, relinquava le poter in 2012 in favor de su vice-presidente, Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, secundo un accordo de transition supportate per le [[Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] e le Nationes Unite. Le processo de transition incontrava difficultates concernente le repartition del poter, le organisation territorial del Stato e le relationes inter le differente gruppos politic e regional. Le movimento huthi, originari del nord del pais e cognoscite etiam como [[Ansar Allah]], extendeva su controlo territorial e occupava Sanaa in septembre 2014, con le supporto de unitates alli ate a Saleh. Durante le prime menses de 2015, le confrontation inter le huthis e le governamento de Hadi se intensificava. Hadi fugiva a Arabia Saudita post le perdita de controlo de partes importante del pais e demandava supporto militar international. Le 26 de martio 2015, un coalition dirigite per Arabia Saudita initiava le intervention militar in Yemen. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unmissions.org/en/dppa/yemen |titulo=Yemen |sitioweb=Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Objectivos e fundamento del intervention == Arabia Saudita e le governamento de Hadi presentava le intervention como un action destinate a restaurar le governamento de Yemen recognoscite internationalmente, impedir le expansion del controlo huthi e sustener le transition politic del pais. Le coalition affirmava etiam que le operationes militar esseva destinate a proteger le territorio saudita contra le menacia representate per le fortias huthi e lor armas. Le intervention esseva demandate per Hadi, qui continuava a esser recognoscite per le major parte del communitate international como le presidente legitimate de Yemen. Le Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite, per medio del resolution 2216 de 2015, demandava que le huthis relinquerea le areas occupate e que le processo politic esseva restabilite. Tamen, le resolution non constitueva un autorisation explicit del Consilio pro le intervention militar del coalition. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/848628/files/A_71_365_Add.6-EN.pdf |titulo=Reportes del Secretario General super le situation in Yemen |sitioweb=Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le intervention esseva etiam ligate al rivalitate regional inter Arabia Saudita e [[Iran]], que supportava le huthis in differente formas. Le grado e le natura del supporto iranian esseva objecto de debattes diplomatic e militar. Le guerra deveniva assi parte de un confrontation regional plus large, ben que le actores yemeni manteneva lor proprie interesses politic e militar. == Operation Decisive Storm == Le 26 de martio 2015, le coalition initiava un campania de attaccos aeree contra le huthis e le fortias alli ate a Saleh. Le operation esseva denominate Decisive Storm e habeva como objectivo declarate le reduction del capacitate militar del huthis, includente lor aviones, systemas de defensa aeree, installationes militar e arsenales. Le coalition esseva dirigite per Arabia Saudita e includeva, durante differente phases, le Emiratos Arabes Unite, Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Egypto, Jordania, Marocco e Sudan. Le composition del coalition cambiava durante le guerra; Qatar, per exemplo, esseva excluse in 2017 durante le crise diplomatic inter Qatar e altere Statos del region. Le prime fase del intervention esseva dominate per le aviation militar e le operationes maritime. Le coalition declarava haber attingite plure de su objectivos initial, ma le huthis manteneva le controlo de Sanaa e de grande parte del nord-west de Yemen. Le 22 de april 2015, le coalition annunciava le fin de Decisive Storm e le initio de un nove fase denominate Operation Restore Hope, que combinava action militar, mesuras de securitate e initiativas politic e diplomatic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/R45046.html |titulo=Congress and the War in Yemen: Oversight and Legislation 2015–2021 |sitioweb=Congressional Research Service |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Operation Restore Hope e le expansion del guerra == Post le fin del prime campania, le coalition continuava le attaccos aeree e le supporto al fortias del governamento. Le intervention includeva etiam operationes terrestre, supporto logistic e cooperation con fortias local oppositores del huthis. Le Emiratos Arabes Unite assumeva un rolo importante in le supporto a fortias yemeni in le sud e sur le costa occidental. Le coalition e le fortias alli ate a Hadi participava a operationes pro recapturar zonas strategic, includente areas circum [[Aden]] e le costa del [[Mar Rubie]]. Le conflicto deveniva plus complexe per le existentia de plure actores armate. Ultra le huthis e le fortias del governamento, le [[Consilio de Transition del Sud]] e altere gruppos local combatteva pro lor proprie objectivos politic e territorial. Le organisationes jihadista, includente [[Al-Qaeda in le Peninsula Arabic]], approfittava del disorganisation e del debilitamento del institutiones del Stato pro extender lor activitate. Le intervention non conduceva al restablimento rapide del governamento in tote le territorio. Le huthis manteneva le controlo de Sanaa e de grande parte del nord e del west, durante que le fortias supportate per le coalition esseva repartite inter differente gruppos con interesses que non sempre concordava. == Supporto international al coalition == Le intervention esseva supportate in grados variabile per altere paises occidental, specialmente le [[Statos Unite]] e le [[Regno Unite]]. Le supporto american includeva venditas de armamentos, formation, intelligentia e assistentia logistic. Durante plure annos, le Statos Unite provideva etiam servicios de reabastecimento in volo a aviones del coalition, ben que le natura e le extension del supporto cambiava con le tempore. Le relationes inter le coalition e su socios occidental deveniva objecto de debattes politic e juridic, specialmente in relation con le protection del civiles e le uso de armamentos vendite per paises occidental. Un reporto del [[Government Accountability Office]] del Statos Unite concludeva que le administration american non habeva determinate completemente le extension del contribution del supporto militar american al damnos civil in Yemen. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-22-105988 |titulo=Yemen: State and DOD Need Better Information on Civilian Impacts of U.S. Military Support to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates |sitioweb=U.S. Government Accountability Office |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Attaccos aeree e effectos super le civiles == Le campania aeree del coalition provocava numerose victimas civil e damnos a infrastructuras. Le [[Nationes Unite]], [[Human Rights Watch]] e altere organisationes documentava attaccos contra zonas residential, mercatos, hospitales, scholas, infrastructuras de aqua e sanitation, e altere objectivos civil. Human Rights Watch documentava decenas de attaccos aeree que, secundo su investigationes, pareva esser indiscriminate o disproportionate e que poteva violar le derecto humanitari international. Le organisation reportava etiam attaccos contra naves de pisca e infrastructuras civil. Le coalition contestava certe accusationes e declarava que su operationes mirava objectivos militar; le evaluation juridic de incidentes specific depende del circumstantias e del evidentia disponibile. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2020/country-chapters/yemen |titulo=World Report 2020: Yemen |sitioweb=Human Rights Watch |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Nationes Unite indicava que le attaccos aeree del coalition esseva un del principal causas del victimas civil durante plure phases del guerra. Le reportos international documentava etiam violantias committite per le huthis, includente attaccos indiscriminate con missiles, uso de minas antipersona e reclutamento de infantes. Le responsabilitate pro le damnos al civiles esseva attribuite a plure partes del conflicto, e non solmente al coalition. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://yemen.un.org/en/21045-interactive-dialogue-high-commissioner%E2%80%99s-report-yemen |titulo=Interactive dialogue on the High Commissioner’s report on Yemen |sitioweb=Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Blocada, portos e accesso humanitari == Le coalition imponeva restrictiones al navigation, al accesso de naves e al traffico aeree, justificante iste mesuras como un medio pro impedir le introduction de armas al huthis. Le restrictiones al portos e al aeroporto de Sanaa habeva tamen effectos significative super le importation de alimentos, combustibile e medicamentos, assi como super le possibilitate de viagiar pro obtener tractamentos medical. Le [[Porto de Al-Hudaydah]] deveniva un puncto central del disputa, perque un parte importante del importationes commercial e del assistentia humanitari entrava in Yemen per iste porto. Le restrictiones e le interruptiones del activitate portuari aggravava le situation economic e complicava le distribution de assistentia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://yemen.un.org/en/176632-yemenunct-annual-report-2021 |titulo=Yemen UNCT Annual Report 2021 |sitioweb=Nationes Unite in Yemen |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le crise humanitari includeva displaciamento interne, malnutrition, epidemias, perdita de medios de subsistentia e interruption del servicios essential. Le actores humanitari insisteva que le accesso secur e rapide al population affectate esseva indispensabile e demandava que tote le partes respectava le derecto humanitari international. == Accusationes de violantias del derecto humanitari == Le coalition esseva accusate de haber committite attaccos indiscriminate o disproportionate e de haber contribuite al deterioration del situation humanitari per le restrictiones al importationes. Le huthis e altere partes esseva accusate de attaccos contra civiles, uso de minas, detention arbitrari e reclutamento de infantes. Le controverse concernente le responsabilitate international includeva le question del venditas de armas e del assistentia militar fornite al coalition. Le [[Nationes Unite]] e organisationes de derectos human demandava investigationes independente e mesuras pro impedir nove violantias. Le qualification de un incidente como crimine de guerra depende del evidentia e del evaluation juridic de su circumstantias specific; non tote le accusationes esseva judicate per un corte competente. == Cessation de hostilidades e initiativas diplomatic == Durante le guerra, le Nationes Unite organisava plure rondas de negotiationes inter le partes yemeni. Le [[Accordo de Stockholm]] de decembre 2018 includeva un cessate le foco in le region de Al-Hudaydah e mesuras pro facilitar le accesso humanitari. Le implementation del accordo esseva incomplete e le confrontation continuava in altere partes del pais. In april 2022, un tregua mediate per le Nationes Unite reduceva le hostilidades major inter le huthis e le coalition. Ben que le tregua formal expirava in octobre 2022, le nivello del combates inter le principal partes remaneva inferior a illo del annos precedente durante un periodo prolongate. Le tregua non conduceva a un accordo politic comprehensive, e le situation del pais remaneva fragmentate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://dppa.un.org/en/factsheet/special-envoy-yemen |titulo=Special Envoy Yemen |sitioweb=Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, Nationes Unite |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Evolution desde 2023 == Post le tregua de 2022, le frontes principal remaneva relativamente stabile, ma le conflicto non esseva resolvite. Le huthis continuava a controlar Sanaa e grande parte del nord, durante que le governamento recognoscite internationalmente e le Consilio Presidential de Direction exerceva autoritate in altere areas, con supporto de Arabia Saudita e de altere socios regional. Le situation regional deveniva plus complexe post le initio del attaccos huthi contra naves in le [[Mar Rubie]] in 2023. Le Statos Unite, le Regno Unite e altere paises initiava attaccos contra objectivos in zonas controlate per le huthis in responsa al attaccos maritime. Le nove confrontos augmentava le risco de un expansion regional del conflicto. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2025/country-chapters/yemen |titulo=World Report 2025: Yemen |sitioweb=Human Rights Watch |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In 2025 e 2026, le situation politic e militar continuava a evolver. Le tensiones inter le actores del sud, le fortias del Consilio Presidential de Direction e le huthis complicava le possibilitate de un accordo national. Le intervention saudita, que habeva comenciate como un campania militar directe in 2015, deveniva progressivemente plus ligate al diplomatia regional e al negotiationes super le securitate del frontieras e le futuro politic de Yemen. == Recrudescimento del combates in octobre 2026 == Le 9 de octobre 2026, le Enviato Special del Secretario General del Nationes Unite pro Yemen, [[Hans Grundberg]], informava al Consilio de Securitate que le pais habeva retornate a un situation de guerra de grande scala, con hostilidades in plure frontes. Le reporto mentionava combates intense in le zonas alte al west e sud de [[Taiz]], in le region de [[Lahj]], e in [[Marib]], [[Al-Jawf]] e [[Hajjah]]. Secundo le mesme briefing, le governamento yemeni habeva lanceate un contraoffensiva e reportate haber recuperate certe zonas circa le [[Bab al-Mandab]]. Le huthis habeva etiam executate attaccos contra infrastructuras civil e energetic in Arabia Saudita, includente le aeroportos de [[Abha]] e [[Riyadh]], con victimas civil. Iste evolutiones indicava un nove escalation del guerra e un deterioration rapide del situation humanitari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://osesgy.unmissions.org/en/node/136978 |titulo=Briefing by the UN Special Envoy for Yemen, Hans Grundberg, to the Security Council |sitioweb=Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen |fecha=9 de octobre 2026 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le recrudescimento del combates occurreva in un contexto in le qual le intervention saudita continuava a esser un elemento del quadro regional de securitate, ma le conflicto includeva etiam numerose actores yemeni e altere interventiones international. Le situation non pote esser reducite a un confrontation simple inter Arabia Saudita e le huthis. == Consequentias humanitari == Le guerra civil e le intervention militar causava un del plus grave crises humanitari contemporanee. Le population affrontava displaciamento, perdita de accesso al alimentos e al aqua potable, interruption del servicios medical e destruction de infrastructuras. Le guerra contribueva etiam al deterioration del economia, al perdita de empleos e al dependentia de un grande parte del population super le assistentia humanitari. In su plano pro 2026, le Officio del Nationes Unite pro le Coordination del Affaires Humanitari estimava que plus de 22 milliones de personas in Yemen necessitava assistentia humanitari e protection, includente 5,2 milliones de personas displaciate intra le pais. Le documento mentionava etiam nivellos alte de insecuritate alimentar e malnutrition, assi como difficultates crescente pro le operationes humanitari per le restrictiones financiari e le deterioration del securitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://yemen.un.org/en/312711-ocha-yemen-yemen-humanitarian-needs-and-response-plan-2026-march-2026 |titulo=Yemen Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |fecha=29 de martio 2026 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le effectos del conflicto non esseva limitate al damnos directe causate per le armas. Le interruption del importationes, le deterioration del infrastructuras e le fragmentation del institutiones contribueva al difficultates de accesso al sanitate, al education, al aqua e a servicios basic. == Retirada partial e situation del coalition == Le participation del paises del coalition cambiava durante le annos. Le Emiratos Arabes Unite reduceva e reorganisava su presentia militar directe, durante que altere membros del coalition diminuiva lor participation o cambiava lor rolo. Arabia Saudita continuava a esser un actor central, ma le emphase se spostava progressivemente verso le negotiationes e le mesuras de securitate regional. Le intervention non restituiva le controlo del territorio national al governamento de Hadi, e le structura politic de Yemen remaneva fragmentate. Le huthis conservava un importante base territorial e militar, durante que le governamento recognoscite e le gruppos del sud disputava le autoritate in altere partes del pais. == Importantia regional == Le intervention saudita es un exemplo de intervention militar regional in le 21e seculo. Illo reflecte le interesses de securitate de Arabia Saudita, le rivalitate con Iran, le question del securitate del frontieras e del rotas maritime, e le complexitate del politica interne de Yemen. Le intervention contribueva a internationalisar le guerra e a extender le confrontation al Mar Rubie e al Golfo de Aden. Le evolution del conflicto monstra le difficultate de obtener un solution militar in un pais con institutiones fragile, actores armate multiple e interesses regional concurrente. {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Guerra civil yemenita]] [[Categoria:Interventiones militar]] [[Categoria:Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Yemen]] [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:2015 in Yemen]] [[Categoria:Hiverno arabe]] [[Categoria:Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] [[Categoria:Violentia sectarian schiita-sunnita]] [[Categoria:Relationes schiita-sunnita]] [[Categoria:Relationes Qatar–Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Relationes Iran–Qatar]] [[Categoria:Relationes Iran–Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Guerra per procuration Iran–Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Crise diplomatic de Qatar]] [[Categoria:Guerras frigid]] sim00mapriyo7rnnk7qjt08zv6h2uwk 0 62161 704168 2026-10-12T12:44:24Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “{{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita''' es un expression usate pro describer le rivalitate geopolitic inter [[Iran]] e [[Arabia Saudita]], manifestate in plure conflictos del [[Medio Oriente]] per le supporto politic, financiari, militar o logistic a actores local. Le rivalitate ha influentiate principalmente le guerras in [[Yemen]], [[Syria]] e [[Irak]], assi como le situation politic e securitari in [[Libano]] e [[Bahrain]...” 704168 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita''' es un expression usate pro describer le rivalitate geopolitic inter [[Iran]] e [[Arabia Saudita]], manifestate in plure conflictos del [[Medio Oriente]] per le supporto politic, financiari, militar o logistic a actores local. Le rivalitate ha influentiate principalmente le guerras in [[Yemen]], [[Syria]] e [[Irak]], assi como le situation politic e securitari in [[Libano]] e [[Bahrain]]. Le duo Statos ha cercate de extender lor influentia regional e de proteger lor interesses strategic, frequentemente per medio de aliados e gruppos armate, sin confrontar se directemente in un guerra conventional de grande scala durante le major parte de iste periodo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le rivalitate ha radices politic, strategic, religiose e economic. Le revolution iranian de 1979 e le transformation de Iran in un republica islamic modificava le relationes inter le duo paises. Durante le decennios sequente, le competition se extendiva a conflictos local in le quales le actores regional perseguiva etiam objectivos proprie. Per iste ration, le expression "guerra indirecte" es utile pro describer un dimension del rivalitate, ma non significa que tote le conflictos regional sia controlate directemente per Teheran o Riyadh. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran’s Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=15 de april 2024 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Contexto e origines == Ante le [[Revolution iranian de 1979]], Iran e Arabia Saudita manteneva relationes de cooperation e esseva considerate duo actores importante pro le securitate del [[Golfo Persic]]. Le revolution transformava le regime monarchic iranian in un republica islamic que promoveva un vision politic e religiose distincte del ordine regional existente. Le governamentos del monarchias del Golfo observava con inquietude le rhetoric revolutionari iranian e le possibilitate que le nove regime susteneria movimentos oppositionista in lor territorios. Arabia Saudita, ubi se trova le citates sancte de [[Mecca]] e [[Medina]], occupa un position central in le mundo musulman e ha historicamente promovite su rolo como un del principal actores del islam sunnita. Iran es un republica islamic in le qual le islam shiita duodeciman occupa un position central in le institutiones del Stato. Iste differentia religiose ha contribute al rivalitate, ma le conflicto non pote esser reducite a un opposition inter sunnitas e shiitas: interesses strategic, securitate del regime, influentia regional e relationes con le grande potentias ha essite etiam factores determinante. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le annos 1980, le [[Guerra Iran-Irak]] e le tensiones in le Golfo fortificava le perception de menacias inter le duo paises. Le relationes deveniva particularmente tense post le incidentes durante le peregrination musulman in Mecca in 1987 e le ruptura del relationes diplomatic in 1988. Le relationes esseva restabilite in 1991, ma le competition strategic continuava. Le [[Invasion de Irak in 2003]] e le cadita del governamento de [[Saddam Hussein]] modificava le equilibrio regional. Le nove ordine politic irakian permitteva al partitos e movimentos shiita de ganiar un rolo importante in le institutiones del pais e augmentava le influentia iranian. Arabia Saudita, per su parte, observava le disveloppamentos in Irak e le expansion del relationes de Iran con actores politic e militar in le region como elementos importante de su securitate national. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Natura del rivalitate == Le rivalitate inter Iran e Arabia Saudita non ha consistite in un guerra formalmente declarate inter le duo Statos. Illa ha prendite le forma de competition diplomatic, economic e militar, includente le supporto a actores local in conflictos interne e international. Le strategia iranian ha includite le cooperation con gruppos armate e actores politic in differente paises. Le [[Corpo del Guardias del Revolution Islamic]], specialmente per medio del [[Forza Quds]], ha habite un rolo in le formation, financiation e supporto de certe gruppos alleate de Iran. Le relationes e le grado de dependentia varia: alicun gruppos mantene lor proprie agendas e capacitate de decision, e non debe esser considerate como instrumentos completemente sub le controlo de Teheran. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran’s Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=15 de april 2024 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Arabia Saudita ha sustenite actores politic e militar que illo considera importante pro limitar le expansion del influentia iranian e proteger le ordine politic regional. Le instrumentos empleate ha includite assistentia financiari, cooperation diplomatic, vendita de armamentos e intervention militar directe, como in Yemen e Bahrain. Le supporto externe ha contribuinte al prolongation de plure conflictos, ma le causas interne —como rivalitates politic, inequitate, problemas de governantia e disputas territorial— ha etiam habite un rolo fundamental. Le actores local non es uniformemente dividite in duo campos e pote cambiar lor alliantias secundo lor interesses. == Principales teatros del conflicto == === Yemen === Le [[Guerra civil yemenita]] deveniva un del principal teatros del rivalitate. In 2014, le movimento [[Houthi]] (Ansar Allah) prendeva le controlo de [[Sanaa]], le capital de Yemen, e le conflicto se intensificava contra le governamento internationalmente recognoscite. In martio 2015, Arabia Saudita comenciava a conducer un coalition militar in supporto del governamento yemenita. Iran ha fornite supporto al movimento Houthi, includente assistentia technic e militar, durante que Arabia Saudita ha sustenite le governamento yemenita e altere actores que se oppone al Houthi. Le natura e le extension del supporto iranian ha variate durante le conflicto; le Houthi ha etiam lor proprie interesses e historia politic local. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-support-houthis-what-know |titulo=Iran’s Support of the Houthis: What to Know |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le intervention militar, le bombardamentos, le combats terrestre e le restrictiones al importationes ha provocate un grave crise humanitari. Le conflicto ha causate mortes, displaciamento del population e interruptiones del accesso a alimentation, aqua, assistentia medical e altere servicios essential. Un cessation del hostilitate intermediata per le Nationes Unite in 2022 reduceva le combats a grande scala, ma non resolveva le conflicto politic. Secundo le texto original, in 2026 nove combats inter le Houthi e le forces del governamento yemenita, insimul con le reintroduction del involvement militar saudita, monstrava que le rivalitate regional e le fragilitate del accordos continuava a influentiar le evolution del guerra. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-10427/ |titulo=Yemen 2026: Southern Transitional Council’s fall and renewed Houthi-Saudi conflict |sitioweb=House of Commons Library |fecha=5 de octobre 2026 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Syria === Le [[Guerra civil syrie]] deveniva un altere teatro importante del rivalitate post le protestas de 2011 contra le governamento de [[Bashar al-Assad]]. Iran susteneva le governamento syrie per assistentia militar, consiliatores e cooperation con gruppos alleate, includente le movimento libanese [[Hezbollah]]. Arabia Saudita susteneva actores del opposition al governamento de Assad, includente varie gruppos armate. Le opposition syrie non esseva un bloc homogenee, e le actores regional e international interveniva con objectivos differente. Le intervention de [[Russia]] in 2015, insimul con le supporto iranian e de Hezbollah, contribuiva al consolidation militar del governamento syrie durante le principal phases del guerra. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le conflicto syrie combinava un rebellion interne, un guerra civil, le intervention de potentias international e le competition inter actores regional. Illo non pote esser considerate solmente un guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita. === Irak === Post le invasion de Irak in 2003 e le cadita del governamento de Saddam Hussein, Iran disveloppava relationes importante con partitos politic shiita e gruppos armate irakian. Certe gruppos recipeva assistentia del Forza Quds e deveniva actores influente in le securitate e le politica del pais. Arabia Saudita observava con preoccupation le expansion del influentia iranian in Irak e manteneva relationes con actores politic sunnita e altere gruppos que aspirava a limitar le predominio de Teheran. Le rivalitate se manifestava per le supporto a alliatos local, le relationes diplomatic e le competition pro influentia in le institutiones irakian. Le politica irakian non esseva tamen determinate exclusivemente per le duo potentias. Le partitos, le milicias e le institutiones del pais manteneva lor proprie interesses, e le governamentos irakian cercava frequentemente de conservar un margine de autonomia inter le actores regional. === Libano === In [[Libano]], le rivalitate se manifesta specialmente per le supporto iranian a [[Hezbollah]] e le relationes saudita con actores politic libanese, includente politicos associate al communitate sunnita. Hezbollah es un movimento politic e militar shiita que ha mantenite relationes strette con Iran e ha recipite supporto material e technic. Arabia Saudita ha cercate de limitar le influentia de Hezbollah e de Iran in le politica libanese, inter altere per medio de su relationes con politicos como [[Saad Hariri]]. Le crisis politic e economic libanese ha facite del pais un spatio de competition diplomatic e regional. Nonobstante, le conflictos libanese ha lor proprie origines in le structura confessionari del Stato, le historia del guerra civil e le rivalitates interne. === Bahrain === Le [[Insurrection de Bahrain de 2011]] e le intervention del [[Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] constitueva un altere puncto de tension. Le governamento de Bahrain, guidate per un monarchia sunnita in un pais con un population majoritariamente shiita, affrontava protestas pro reformas politic e social. Arabia Saudita participava in 2011 al intervention del fortias del Peninsula Shield, inviate in supporto al governamento bahreinita. Le autoritates bahreinita accusava Iran de sustener le opposition, ma le grado de implication iranian in le protestas e in le gruppos participante ha essite contestate. Le protestas habeva etiam causas interne ligate al representation politic, al conditiones social e al relationes inter le Stato e su population. == Altere dimensiones regional == Le rivalitate ha influentiate etiam le relationes inter le Statos del Golfo, le [[Emiratos Arabe Unite]], le [[Qatar]] e altere actores regional. Le competition concerneva le securitate maritime, le influentia super le governamentos, le relationes con le [[Statos Unite]] e le cooperation con le potentias international. [[Israel]] ha considerate le expansion del influentia iranian e le rete de gruppos armate alleate de Teheran como questiones central de securitate. Le relationes inter Iran, Hezbollah, le Houthi e altere actores regional ha contribuite al extension del tensiones al Levante e al Mar Rubie. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran’s Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=15 de april 2024 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le rivalitate ha habite etiam un dimension economic. Le duo paises es importantes productores de petroleum e ha interesses in le mercatos energetic, le investitiones regional e le securitate del rutas maritime. Le tensiones pote afectar le precio del petroleum, le navigation in le Golfo e le Mar Rubie e le conditiones del commercio international. == Consequentias humanitari e economic == Le conflictos associate al rivalitate ha provocate mortes e ferimentos inter le population civil, displaciamento, destruction de infrastructuras e interruption del servicios public. Le effectos ha essite particularmente grave in Yemen e Syria, ubi le guerras ha affectate le accesso a alimentation, sanitate, education e allogiamento. Le interventiones exterior e le supporto a actores armate ha complicate le negotiationes de pace e ha extendite le duration de certe conflictos. Tamen, le responsabilitate pro le consequentias humanitari varia secundo le conflicto e include le actiones de actores local, governamentos, gruppos armate e potentias international. Le impactos economic include le destruction de infrastructuras, le reduction del production, le interruption del commercio e le augmento del gastos militar. In le region del Golfo, le tensiones ha etiam influentiate le perception del riscos pro le investitiones e le securitate energetic. == Rolo del potentias international == Le [[Statos Unite]] ha habite relationes strategic con Arabia Saudita e altere monarchias del Golfo e ha fornite armamentos, assistentia de securitate e cooperation militar. Le relationes inter Washington e Riyadh ha variate secundo le administrationes e le evolution del situation regional. Russia ha mantenite relationes militar e politic con Iran e ha intervenite directemente in Syria in supporto del governamento de Assad. [[China]] ha disveloppate relationes economic importante con ambe paises e ha assumite un rolo diplomatic in le reduction del tensiones inter Teheran e Riyadh. Le participation de iste potentias ha transformate le rivalitate in un competition con implicationes international, ben que le conflictos regional conserva causas e actores proprie. == Rapprochamento diplomatic de 2023 == Le 10 de martio 2023, Iran e Arabia Saudita annunciava un accordo, facilitate per [[China]], pro restabilir lor relationes diplomatic e reaperir lor ambasciatas. Le accordo esseva le resultato de conversationes in Beijing e de plure rondas de dialogo anterior, facilitate per [[Irak]] e [[Oman]]. Le declaration commun mentionava le respecto del sovranitate statal e le non-intervention in le affaires interne de altere paises. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/notes-correspondents/2023-03-10/note-correspondents-the-announcement-iran-and-saudi-arabia-will-resume-ties |titulo=Note to correspondents on the announcement that Iran and Saudi Arabia will resume ties |sitioweb=Organisation del Nationes Unite |fecha=10 de martio 2023 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le accordo representava un tentativa de reduction del tensiones e de restauration del relationes diplomatic. Illo non significava le fin immediate de tote le conflictos regional, ma aperiva un via pro le dialogo super Yemen e altere questiones de securitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.spa.gov.sa/en/ed7aabfefaw |titulo=Joint Trilateral Statement by Saudi Arabia, Iran and China |sitioweb=Saudi Press Agency |fecha=10 de martio 2023 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Conflictos del Medio Oriente]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Historia contemporanee]] [[Categoria:Relationes international]] [[Categoria:Guerras indirecte]] [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:Consequentias del Primavera Arabe]] [[Categoria:Hyverno Arabe]] [[Categoria:Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] [[Categoria:Relationes exteriore de Iran]] [[Categoria:Relationes exteriore de Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter chiitas e sunnitas]] [[Categoria:Violentia sectari inter chiitas e sunnitas]] [[Categoria:Intervention militar in Yemen]] [[Categoria:Intervention exteriore in le guerra civil libyan (2011)]] [[Categoria:Implication exteriore in le guerra civil syrian]] [[Categoria:Guerras con participation de Iran]] [[Categoria:Guerras con participation de Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Guerras basate in le religion]] [[Categoria:Guerras frigide]] [[Categoria:Historia militar del Oceano Indian]] t40fj2yrctrfve3vbazokrix212r0su 704169 704168 2026-10-12T12:44:59Z Interlingvisto 60932 704169 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita''' es un expression usate pro describer le rivalitate geopolitic inter [[Iran]] e [[Arabia Saudita]], manifestate in plure conflictos de [[Oriente Medie]] per le supporto politic, financiari, militar o logistic a actores local. Le rivalitate ha influentiate principalmente le guerras in [[Yemen]], [[Syria]] e [[Irak]], assi como le situation politic e securitari in [[Libano]] e [[Bahrain]]. Le duo Statos ha cercate de extender lor influentia regional e de proteger lor interesses strategic, frequentemente per medio de aliados e gruppos armate, sin confrontar se directemente in un guerra conventional de grande scala durante le major parte de iste periodo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le rivalitate ha radices politic, strategic, religiose e economic. Le revolution iranian de 1979 e le transformation de Iran in un republica islamic modificava le relationes inter le duo paises. Durante le decennios sequente, le competition se extendiva a conflictos local in le quales le actores regional perseguiva etiam objectivos proprie. Per iste ration, le expression "guerra indirecte" es utile pro describer un dimension del rivalitate, ma non significa que tote le conflictos regional sia controlate directemente per Teheran o Riyadh. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran’s Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=15 de april 2024 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Contexto e origines == Ante le [[Revolution iranian de 1979]], Iran e Arabia Saudita manteneva relationes de cooperation e esseva considerate duo actores importante pro le securitate del [[Golfo Persic]]. Le revolution transformava le regime monarchic iranian in un republica islamic que promoveva un vision politic e religiose distincte del ordine regional existente. Le governamentos del monarchias del Golfo observava con inquietude le rhetoric revolutionari iranian e le possibilitate que le nove regime susteneria movimentos oppositionista in lor territorios. Arabia Saudita, ubi se trova le citates sancte de [[Mecca]] e [[Medina]], occupa un position central in le mundo musulman e ha historicamente promovite su rolo como un del principal actores del islam sunnita. Iran es un republica islamic in le qual le islam shiita duodeciman occupa un position central in le institutiones del Stato. Iste differentia religiose ha contribute al rivalitate, ma le conflicto non pote esser reducite a un opposition inter sunnitas e shiitas: interesses strategic, securitate del regime, influentia regional e relationes con le grande potentias ha essite etiam factores determinante. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le annos 1980, le [[Guerra Iran-Irak]] e le tensiones in le Golfo fortificava le perception de menacias inter le duo paises. Le relationes deveniva particularmente tense post le incidentes durante le peregrination musulman in Mecca in 1987 e le ruptura del relationes diplomatic in 1988. Le relationes esseva restabilite in 1991, ma le competition strategic continuava. Le [[Invasion de Irak in 2003]] e le cadita del governamento de [[Saddam Hussein]] modificava le equilibrio regional. Le nove ordine politic irakian permitteva al partitos e movimentos shiita de ganiar un rolo importante in le institutiones del pais e augmentava le influentia iranian. Arabia Saudita, per su parte, observava le disveloppamentos in Irak e le expansion del relationes de Iran con actores politic e militar in le region como elementos importante de su securitate national. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Natura del rivalitate == Le rivalitate inter Iran e Arabia Saudita non ha consistite in un guerra formalmente declarate inter le duo Statos. Illa ha prendite le forma de competition diplomatic, economic e militar, includente le supporto a actores local in conflictos interne e international. Le strategia iranian ha includite le cooperation con gruppos armate e actores politic in differente paises. Le [[Corpo del Guardias del Revolution Islamic]], specialmente per medio del [[Forza Quds]], ha habite un rolo in le formation, financiation e supporto de certe gruppos alleate de Iran. Le relationes e le grado de dependentia varia: alicun gruppos mantene lor proprie agendas e capacitate de decision, e non debe esser considerate como instrumentos completemente sub le controlo de Teheran. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran’s Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=15 de april 2024 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Arabia Saudita ha sustenite actores politic e militar que illo considera importante pro limitar le expansion del influentia iranian e proteger le ordine politic regional. Le instrumentos empleate ha includite assistentia financiari, cooperation diplomatic, vendita de armamentos e intervention militar directe, como in Yemen e Bahrain. Le supporto externe ha contribuinte al prolongation de plure conflictos, ma le causas interne —como rivalitates politic, inequitate, problemas de governantia e disputas territorial— ha etiam habite un rolo fundamental. Le actores local non es uniformemente dividite in duo campos e pote cambiar lor alliantias secundo lor interesses. == Principales teatros del conflicto == === Yemen === Le [[Guerra civil yemenita]] deveniva un del principal teatros del rivalitate. In 2014, le movimento [[Houthi]] (Ansar Allah) prendeva le controlo de [[Sanaa]], le capital de Yemen, e le conflicto se intensificava contra le governamento internationalmente recognoscite. In martio 2015, Arabia Saudita comenciava a conducer un coalition militar in supporto del governamento yemenita. Iran ha fornite supporto al movimento Houthi, includente assistentia technic e militar, durante que Arabia Saudita ha sustenite le governamento yemenita e altere actores que se oppone al Houthi. Le natura e le extension del supporto iranian ha variate durante le conflicto; le Houthi ha etiam lor proprie interesses e historia politic local. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-support-houthis-what-know |titulo=Iran’s Support of the Houthis: What to Know |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le intervention militar, le bombardamentos, le combats terrestre e le restrictiones al importationes ha provocate un grave crise humanitari. Le conflicto ha causate mortes, displaciamento del population e interruptiones del accesso a alimentation, aqua, assistentia medical e altere servicios essential. Un cessation del hostilitate intermediata per le Nationes Unite in 2022 reduceva le combats a grande scala, ma non resolveva le conflicto politic. Secundo le texto original, in 2026 nove combats inter le Houthi e le forces del governamento yemenita, insimul con le reintroduction del involvement militar saudita, monstrava que le rivalitate regional e le fragilitate del accordos continuava a influentiar le evolution del guerra. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-10427/ |titulo=Yemen 2026: Southern Transitional Council’s fall and renewed Houthi-Saudi conflict |sitioweb=House of Commons Library |fecha=5 de octobre 2026 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Syria === Le [[Guerra civil syrie]] deveniva un altere teatro importante del rivalitate post le protestas de 2011 contra le governamento de [[Bashar al-Assad]]. Iran susteneva le governamento syrie per assistentia militar, consiliatores e cooperation con gruppos alleate, includente le movimento libanese [[Hezbollah]]. Arabia Saudita susteneva actores del opposition al governamento de Assad, includente varie gruppos armate. Le opposition syrie non esseva un bloc homogenee, e le actores regional e international interveniva con objectivos differente. Le intervention de [[Russia]] in 2015, insimul con le supporto iranian e de Hezbollah, contribuiva al consolidation militar del governamento syrie durante le principal phases del guerra. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le conflicto syrie combinava un rebellion interne, un guerra civil, le intervention de potentias international e le competition inter actores regional. Illo non pote esser considerate solmente un guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita. === Irak === Post le invasion de Irak in 2003 e le cadita del governamento de Saddam Hussein, Iran disveloppava relationes importante con partitos politic shiita e gruppos armate irakian. Certe gruppos recipeva assistentia del Forza Quds e deveniva actores influente in le securitate e le politica del pais. Arabia Saudita observava con preoccupation le expansion del influentia iranian in Irak e manteneva relationes con actores politic sunnita e altere gruppos que aspirava a limitar le predominio de Teheran. Le rivalitate se manifestava per le supporto a alliatos local, le relationes diplomatic e le competition pro influentia in le institutiones irakian. Le politica irakian non esseva tamen determinate exclusivemente per le duo potentias. Le partitos, le milicias e le institutiones del pais manteneva lor proprie interesses, e le governamentos irakian cercava frequentemente de conservar un margine de autonomia inter le actores regional. === Libano === In [[Libano]], le rivalitate se manifesta specialmente per le supporto iranian a [[Hezbollah]] e le relationes saudita con actores politic libanese, includente politicos associate al communitate sunnita. Hezbollah es un movimento politic e militar shiita que ha mantenite relationes strette con Iran e ha recipite supporto material e technic. Arabia Saudita ha cercate de limitar le influentia de Hezbollah e de Iran in le politica libanese, inter altere per medio de su relationes con politicos como [[Saad Hariri]]. Le crisis politic e economic libanese ha facite del pais un spatio de competition diplomatic e regional. Nonobstante, le conflictos libanese ha lor proprie origines in le structura confessionari del Stato, le historia del guerra civil e le rivalitates interne. === Bahrain === Le [[Insurrection de Bahrain de 2011]] e le intervention del [[Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] constitueva un altere puncto de tension. Le governamento de Bahrain, guidate per un monarchia sunnita in un pais con un population majoritariamente shiita, affrontava protestas pro reformas politic e social. Arabia Saudita participava in 2011 al intervention del fortias del Peninsula Shield, inviate in supporto al governamento bahreinita. Le autoritates bahreinita accusava Iran de sustener le opposition, ma le grado de implication iranian in le protestas e in le gruppos participante ha essite contestate. Le protestas habeva etiam causas interne ligate al representation politic, al conditiones social e al relationes inter le Stato e su population. == Altere dimensiones regional == Le rivalitate ha influentiate etiam le relationes inter le Statos del Golfo, le [[Emiratos Arabe Unite]], le [[Qatar]] e altere actores regional. Le competition concerneva le securitate maritime, le influentia super le governamentos, le relationes con le [[Statos Unite]] e le cooperation con le potentias international. [[Israel]] ha considerate le expansion del influentia iranian e le rete de gruppos armate alleate de Teheran como questiones central de securitate. Le relationes inter Iran, Hezbollah, le Houthi e altere actores regional ha contribuite al extension del tensiones al Levante e al Mar Rubie. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran’s Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=15 de april 2024 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le rivalitate ha habite etiam un dimension economic. Le duo paises es importantes productores de petroleum e ha interesses in le mercatos energetic, le investitiones regional e le securitate del rutas maritime. Le tensiones pote afectar le precio del petroleum, le navigation in le Golfo e le Mar Rubie e le conditiones del commercio international. == Consequentias humanitari e economic == Le conflictos associate al rivalitate ha provocate mortes e ferimentos inter le population civil, displaciamento, destruction de infrastructuras e interruption del servicios public. Le effectos ha essite particularmente grave in Yemen e Syria, ubi le guerras ha affectate le accesso a alimentation, sanitate, education e allogiamento. Le interventiones exterior e le supporto a actores armate ha complicate le negotiationes de pace e ha extendite le duration de certe conflictos. Tamen, le responsabilitate pro le consequentias humanitari varia secundo le conflicto e include le actiones de actores local, governamentos, gruppos armate e potentias international. Le impactos economic include le destruction de infrastructuras, le reduction del production, le interruption del commercio e le augmento del gastos militar. In le region del Golfo, le tensiones ha etiam influentiate le perception del riscos pro le investitiones e le securitate energetic. == Rolo del potentias international == Le [[Statos Unite]] ha habite relationes strategic con Arabia Saudita e altere monarchias del Golfo e ha fornite armamentos, assistentia de securitate e cooperation militar. Le relationes inter Washington e Riyadh ha variate secundo le administrationes e le evolution del situation regional. Russia ha mantenite relationes militar e politic con Iran e ha intervenite directemente in Syria in supporto del governamento de Assad. [[China]] ha disveloppate relationes economic importante con ambe paises e ha assumite un rolo diplomatic in le reduction del tensiones inter Teheran e Riyadh. Le participation de iste potentias ha transformate le rivalitate in un competition con implicationes international, ben que le conflictos regional conserva causas e actores proprie. == Rapprochamento diplomatic de 2023 == Le 10 de martio 2023, Iran e Arabia Saudita annunciava un accordo, facilitate per [[China]], pro restabilir lor relationes diplomatic e reaperir lor ambasciatas. Le accordo esseva le resultato de conversationes in Beijing e de plure rondas de dialogo anterior, facilitate per [[Irak]] e [[Oman]]. Le declaration commun mentionava le respecto del sovranitate statal e le non-intervention in le affaires interne de altere paises. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/notes-correspondents/2023-03-10/note-correspondents-the-announcement-iran-and-saudi-arabia-will-resume-ties |titulo=Note to correspondents on the announcement that Iran and Saudi Arabia will resume ties |sitioweb=Organisation del Nationes Unite |fecha=10 de martio 2023 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le accordo representava un tentativa de reduction del tensiones e de restauration del relationes diplomatic. Illo non significava le fin immediate de tote le conflictos regional, ma aperiva un via pro le dialogo super Yemen e altere questiones de securitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.spa.gov.sa/en/ed7aabfefaw |titulo=Joint Trilateral Statement by Saudi Arabia, Iran and China |sitioweb=Saudi Press Agency |fecha=10 de martio 2023 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Conflictos de Oriente Medie]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Historia contemporanee]] [[Categoria:Relationes international]] [[Categoria:Guerras indirecte]] [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:Consequentias del Primavera Arabe]] [[Categoria:Hyverno Arabe]] [[Categoria:Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] [[Categoria:Relationes exteriore de Iran]] [[Categoria:Relationes exteriore de Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter chiitas e sunnitas]] [[Categoria:Violentia sectari inter chiitas e sunnitas]] [[Categoria:Intervention militar in Yemen]] [[Categoria:Intervention exteriore in le guerra civil libyan (2011)]] [[Categoria:Implication exteriore in le guerra civil syrian]] [[Categoria:Guerras con participation de Iran]] [[Categoria:Guerras con participation de Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Guerras basate in le religion]] [[Categoria:Guerras frigide]] [[Categoria:Historia militar del Oceano Indian]] r28dkffhktq8t56c3imbdxlpxw166nr 704170 704169 2026-10-12T12:45:23Z Interlingvisto 60932 704170 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita''' es un expression usate pro describer le rivalitate geopolitic inter [[Iran]] e [[Arabia Saudita]], manifestate in plure conflictos de [[Oriente Medie]] per le supporto politic, financiari, militar o logistic a actores local. Le rivalitate ha influentiate principalmente le guerras in [[Yemen]], [[Syria]] e [[Irak]], assi como le situation politic e securitari in [[Libano]] e [[Bahrain]]. Le duo Statos ha cercate de extender lor influentia regional e de proteger lor interesses strategic, frequentemente per medio de aliados e gruppos armate, sin confrontar se directemente in un guerra conventional de grande scala durante le major parte de iste periodo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le rivalitate ha radices politic, strategic, religiose e economic. Le revolution iranian de 1979 e le transformation de Iran in un republica islamic modificava le relationes inter le duo paises. Durante le decennios sequente, le competition se extendiva a conflictos local in le quales le actores regional perseguiva etiam objectivos proprie. Per iste ration, le expression "guerra indirecte" es utile pro describer un dimension del rivalitate, ma non significa que tote le conflictos regional sia controlate directemente per Teheran o Riyadh. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran’s Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=15 de april 2024 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Contexto e origines == Ante le [[Revolution iranian de 1979]], Iran e Arabia Saudita manteneva relationes de cooperation e esseva considerate duo actores importante pro le securitate del [[Golfo Persic]]. Le revolution transformava le regime monarchic iranian in un republica islamic que promoveva un vision politic e religiose distincte del ordine regional existente. Le governamentos del monarchias del Golfo observava con inquietude le rhetoric revolutionari iranian e le possibilitate que le nove regime susteneria movimentos oppositionista in lor territorios. Arabia Saudita, ubi se trova le citates sancte de [[Mecca]] e [[Medina]], occupa un position central in le mundo musulman e ha historicamente promovite su rolo como un del principal actores del islam sunnita. Iran es un republica islamic in le qual le islam shiita duodeciman occupa un position central in le institutiones del Stato. Iste differentia religiose ha contribute al rivalitate, ma le conflicto non pote esser reducite a un opposition inter sunnitas e shiitas: interesses strategic, securitate del regime, influentia regional e relationes con le grande potentias ha essite etiam factores determinante. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le annos 1980, le [[Guerra Iran-Irak]] e le tensiones in le Golfo fortificava le perception de menacias inter le duo paises. Le relationes deveniva particularmente tense post le incidentes durante le peregrination musulman in Mecca in 1987 e le ruptura del relationes diplomatic in 1988. Le relationes esseva restabilite in 1991, ma le competition strategic continuava. Le [[Invasion de Irak in 2003]] e le cadita del governamento de [[Saddam Hussein]] modificava le equilibrio regional. Le nove ordine politic irakian permitteva al partitos e movimentos shiita de ganiar un rolo importante in le institutiones del pais e augmentava le influentia iranian. Arabia Saudita, per su parte, observava le disveloppamentos in Irak e le expansion del relationes de Iran con actores politic e militar in le region como elementos importante de su securitate national. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Natura del rivalitate == Le rivalitate inter Iran e Arabia Saudita non ha consistite in un guerra formalmente declarate inter le duo Statos. Illa ha prendite le forma de competition diplomatic, economic e militar, includente le supporto a actores local in conflictos interne e international. Le strategia iranian ha includite le cooperation con gruppos armate e actores politic in differente paises. Le [[Corpo del Guardias del Revolution Islamic]], specialmente per medio del [[Forza Quds]], ha habite un rolo in le formation, financiation e supporto de certe gruppos alleate de Iran. Le relationes e le grado de dependentia varia: alicun gruppos mantene lor proprie agendas e capacitate de decision, e non debe esser considerate como instrumentos completemente sub le controlo de Teheran. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran’s Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=15 de april 2024 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Arabia Saudita ha sustenite actores politic e militar que illo considera importante pro limitar le expansion del influentia iranian e proteger le ordine politic regional. Le instrumentos empleate ha includite assistentia financiari, cooperation diplomatic, vendita de armamentos e intervention militar directe, como in Yemen e Bahrain. Le supporto externe ha contribuinte al prolongation de plure conflictos, ma le causas interne —como rivalitates politic, inequitate, problemas de governantia e disputas territorial— ha etiam habite un rolo fundamental. Le actores local non es uniformemente dividite in duo campos e pote cambiar lor alliantias secundo lor interesses. == Principales teatros del conflicto == === Yemen === Le [[Guerra civil yemenita]] deveniva un del principal teatros del rivalitate. In 2014, le movimento [[Houthi]] (Ansar Allah) prendeva le controlo de [[Sanaa]], le capital de Yemen, e le conflicto se intensificava contra le governamento internationalmente recognoscite. In martio 2015, Arabia Saudita comenciava a conducer un coalition militar in supporto del governamento yemenita. Iran ha fornite supporto al movimento Houthi, includente assistentia technic e militar, durante que Arabia Saudita ha sustenite le governamento yemenita e altere actores que se oppone al Houthi. Le natura e le extension del supporto iranian ha variate durante le conflicto; le Houthi ha etiam lor proprie interesses e historia politic local. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-support-houthis-what-know |titulo=Iran’s Support of the Houthis: What to Know |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le intervention militar, le bombardamentos, le combats terrestre e le restrictiones al importationes ha provocate un grave crise humanitari. Le conflicto ha causate mortes, displaciamento del population e interruptiones del accesso a alimentation, aqua, assistentia medical e altere servicios essential. Un cessation del hostilitate intermediata per le Nationes Unite in 2022 reduceva le combats a grande scala, ma non resolveva le conflicto politic. Secundo le texto original, in 2026 nove combats inter le Houthi e le forces del governamento yemenita, insimul con le reintroduction del involvement militar saudita, monstrava que le rivalitate regional e le fragilitate del accordos continuava a influentiar le evolution del guerra. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-10427/ |titulo=Yemen 2026: Southern Transitional Council’s fall and renewed Houthi-Saudi conflict |sitioweb=House of Commons Library |fecha=5 de octobre 2026 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Syria === Le [[Guerra civil syrie]] deveniva un altere teatro importante del rivalitate post le protestas de 2011 contra le governamento de [[Bashar al-Assad]]. Iran susteneva le governamento syrie per assistentia militar, consiliatores e cooperation con gruppos alleate, includente le movimento libanese [[Hezbollah]]. Arabia Saudita susteneva actores del opposition al governamento de Assad, includente varie gruppos armate. Le opposition syrie non esseva un bloc homogenee, e le actores regional e international interveniva con objectivos differente. Le intervention de [[Russia]] in 2015, insimul con le supporto iranian e de Hezbollah, contribuiva al consolidation militar del governamento syrie durante le principal phases del guerra. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/reports/managing-saudi-iran-rivalry |titulo=Managing the Saudi-Iran Rivalry |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=octobre 2016 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le conflicto syrie combinava un rebellion interne, un guerra civil, le intervention de potentias international e le competition inter actores regional. Illo non pote esser considerate solmente un guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita. === Irak === Post le invasion de Irak in 2003 e le cadita del governamento de Saddam Hussein, Iran disveloppava relationes importante con partitos politic shiita e gruppos armate irakian. Certe gruppos recipeva assistentia del Forza Quds e deveniva actores influente in le securitate e le politica del pais. Arabia Saudita observava con preoccupation le expansion del influentia iranian in Irak e manteneva relationes con actores politic sunnita e altere gruppos que aspirava a limitar le predominio de Teheran. Le rivalitate se manifestava per le supporto a alliatos local, le relationes diplomatic e le competition pro influentia in le institutiones irakian. Le politica irakian non esseva tamen determinate exclusivemente per le duo potentias. Le partitos, le milicias e le institutiones del pais manteneva lor proprie interesses, e le governamentos irakian cercava frequentemente de conservar un margine de autonomia inter le actores regional. === Libano === In [[Libano]], le rivalitate se manifesta specialmente per le supporto iranian a [[Hezbollah]] e le relationes saudita con actores politic libanese, includente politicos associate al communitate sunnita. Hezbollah es un movimento politic e militar shiita que ha mantenite relationes strette con Iran e ha recipite supporto material e technic. Arabia Saudita ha cercate de limitar le influentia de Hezbollah e de Iran in le politica libanese, inter altere per medio de su relationes con politicos como [[Saad Hariri]]. Le crisis politic e economic libanese ha facite del pais un spatio de competition diplomatic e regional. Nonobstante, le conflictos libanese ha lor proprie origines in le structura confessionari del Stato, le historia del guerra civil e le rivalitates interne. === Bahrain === Le [[Insurrection de Bahrain de 2011]] e le intervention del [[Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] constitueva un altere puncto de tension. Le governamento de Bahrain, guidate per un monarchia sunnita in un pais con un population majoritariamente shiita, affrontava protestas pro reformas politic e social. Arabia Saudita participava in 2011 al intervention del fortias del Peninsula Shield, inviate in supporto al governamento bahreinita. Le autoritates bahreinita accusava Iran de sustener le opposition, ma le grado de implication iranian in le protestas e in le gruppos participante ha essite contestate. Le protestas habeva etiam causas interne ligate al representation politic, al conditiones social e al relationes inter le Stato e su population. == Altere dimensiones regional == Le rivalitate ha influentiate etiam le relationes inter le Statos del Golfo, le [[Emiratos Arabe Unite]], le [[Qatar]] e altere actores regional. Le competition concerneva le securitate maritime, le influentia super le governamentos, le relationes con le [[Statos Unite]] e le cooperation con le potentias international. [[Israel]] ha considerate le expansion del influentia iranian e le rete de gruppos armate alleate de Teheran como questiones central de securitate. Le relationes inter Iran, Hezbollah, le Houthi e altere actores regional ha contribuite al extension del tensiones al Levante e al Mar Rubie. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran’s Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=15 de april 2024 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le rivalitate ha habite etiam un dimension economic. Le duo paises es importantes productores de petroleum e ha interesses in le mercatos energetic, le investitiones regional e le securitate del rutas maritime. Le tensiones pote afectar le precio del petroleum, le navigation in le Golfo e le Mar Rubie e le conditiones del commercio international. == Consequentias humanitari e economic == Le conflictos associate al rivalitate ha provocate mortes e ferimentos inter le population civil, displaciamento, destruction de infrastructuras e interruption del servicios public. Le effectos ha essite particularmente grave in Yemen e Syria, ubi le guerras ha affectate le accesso a alimentation, sanitate, education e allogiamento. Le interventiones exterior e le supporto a actores armate ha complicate le negotiationes de pace e ha extendite le duration de certe conflictos. Tamen, le responsabilitate pro le consequentias humanitari varia secundo le conflicto e include le actiones de actores local, governamentos, gruppos armate e potentias international. Le impactos economic include le destruction de infrastructuras, le reduction del production, le interruption del commercio e le augmento del gastos militar. In le region del Golfo, le tensiones ha etiam influentiate le perception del riscos pro le investitiones e le securitate energetic. == Rolo del potentias international == Le [[Statos Unite]] ha habite relationes strategic con Arabia Saudita e altere monarchias del Golfo e ha fornite armamentos, assistentia de securitate e cooperation militar. Le relationes inter Washington e Riyadh ha variate secundo le administrationes e le evolution del situation regional. Russia ha mantenite relationes militar e politic con Iran e ha intervenite directemente in Syria in supporto del governamento de Assad. [[China]] ha disveloppate relationes economic importante con ambe paises e ha assumite un rolo diplomatic in le reduction del tensiones inter Teheran e Riyadh. Le participation de iste potentias ha transformate le rivalitate in un competition con implicationes international, ben que le conflictos regional conserva causas e actores proprie. == Rapprochamento diplomatic de 2023 == Le 10 de martio 2023, Iran e Arabia Saudita annunciava un accordo, facilitate per [[China]], pro restabilir lor relationes diplomatic e reaperir lor ambasciatas. Le accordo esseva le resultato de conversationes in Beijing e de plure rondas de dialogo anterior, facilitate per [[Irak]] e [[Oman]]. Le declaration commun mentionava le respecto del sovranitate statal e le non-intervention in le affaires interne de altere paises. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/notes-correspondents/2023-03-10/note-correspondents-the-announcement-iran-and-saudi-arabia-will-resume-ties |titulo=Note to correspondents on the announcement that Iran and Saudi Arabia will resume ties |sitioweb=Organisation del Nationes Unite |fecha=10 de martio 2023 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le accordo representava un tentativa de reduction del tensiones e de restauration del relationes diplomatic. Illo non significava le fin immediate de tote le conflictos regional, ma aperiva un via pro le dialogo super Yemen e altere questiones de securitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.spa.gov.sa/en/ed7aabfefaw |titulo=Joint Trilateral Statement by Saudi Arabia, Iran and China |sitioweb=Saudi Press Agency |fecha=10 de martio 2023 |accesso=12 de octobre 2026}}</ref> {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Conflictos in Oriente Medie]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Historia contemporanee]] [[Categoria:Relationes international]] [[Categoria:Guerras indirecte]] [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:Consequentias del Primavera Arabe]] [[Categoria:Hyverno Arabe]] [[Categoria:Consilio de Cooperation del Golfo]] [[Categoria:Relationes exteriore de Iran]] [[Categoria:Relationes exteriore de Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter chiitas e sunnitas]] [[Categoria:Violentia sectari inter chiitas e sunnitas]] [[Categoria:Intervention militar in Yemen]] [[Categoria:Intervention exteriore in le guerra civil libyan (2011)]] [[Categoria:Implication exteriore in le guerra civil syrian]] [[Categoria:Guerras con participation de Iran]] [[Categoria:Guerras con participation de Arabia Saudita]] [[Categoria:Guerras basate in le religion]] [[Categoria:Guerras frigide]] [[Categoria:Historia militar del Oceano Indian]] fobtz2cv4od1xcx6i9qnq2j5zjdscl9 0 62162 704198 2026-10-13T06:28:08Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “{{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026''' esseva un operation militar del [[Statos Unite]] contra [[Venezuela]], effectuate le 3 de januario 2026. Le operation includeva attaccos aeree contra objectivos militar e un incursione de fortias special in [[Caracas]], durante le qual le presidente venezuelan [[Nicolás Maduro]] e su sposa, [[Cilia Flores]], esseva capturate e transportate al Statos Unite. Le autoritates statounitese...” 704198 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026''' esseva un operation militar del [[Statos Unite]] contra [[Venezuela]], effectuate le 3 de januario 2026. Le operation includeva attaccos aeree contra objectivos militar e un incursione de fortias special in [[Caracas]], durante le qual le presidente venezuelan [[Nicolás Maduro]] e su sposa, [[Cilia Flores]], esseva capturate e transportate al Statos Unite. Le autoritates statounitese declarava que le objectivo immediate esseva detener Maduro, qui faceva fronte a accusationes criminal in le Statos Unite. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/mock-house-cia-source-special-forces-us-operation-capture-maduro-2026-01-03/ |titulo=The US operation to capture Maduro |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=4 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le operation provocava un crise international e un debatte super le legalitate del uso del fortia contra un Stato sovrane. Le [[Organisation del Nationes Unite]] exprimiva su preoccupation concernente le respecto del [[Carta del Nationes Unite]] e le consequentias del intervention pro le stabilitate regional. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statements/2026-01-03/statement-attributable-the-spokesperson-for-the-secretary-general-venezuela |titulo=Statement attributable to the Spokesperson for the Secretary-General on Venezuela |sitioweb=United Nations |fecha=3 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Contexto == Le attacco occurreva post plure menses de tensiones inter le administration del presidente statounitese [[Donald Trump]] e le governo de Nicolás Maduro. Desde 2025, Washington habeva intensificate su presentia militar in le Caribico e realisate attaccos contra embarcationes que, secundo le autoritates statounitese, transportava drogas. Le administration statounitese presentava iste actiones como parte de su campania contra le narcotraffico; le governo venezuelan denunciava los como actos illegal e parte de un effortio pro exercer pression super le pais. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/factboxhow-many-us-strikes-on-boats-near-venezuela-have-there-been-4295155 |titulo=How many US strikes on boats near Venezuela have there been? |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=17 de octobre 2025 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le administration statounitese accusava Maduro de participation a un rete de narcotraffico e de crimes associate. Maduro e su governo rejectava le accusationes e contestava le legitimita del intervention statounitese. Le question del legitimita del presidentia venezuelan habeva etiam essite un subjecto de controverse international post le electiones presidential de 2024. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://venezuela.un.org/es/307995-declaraciones-del-secretario-general-ante-el-consejo-de-seguridad-sobre-venezuela |titulo=Declaraciones del Secretario General ante el Consejo de Seguridad sobre Venezuela |sitioweb=Organisation del Nationes Unite |fecha=5 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Le operation del 3 de januario == Durante le nocte del 2 al 3 de januario 2026, fortias statounitese initiava un operation militar contra objectivos in Venezuela. Le attaccos includeva strikes contra installationes militar e actiones in Caracas e in altere areas del nord del pais. Le operation esseva accompagnate per un incursione terrestre destinate a capturar Maduro e Flores. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/mock-house-cia-source-special-forces-us-operation-capture-maduro-2026-01-03/ |titulo=The US operation to capture Maduro |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=4 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Secundo reportos publicate, le operation habeva essite planificate durante plure menses e involveva fortias special, supporto de intelligentia e medios aeree. Le autoritates statounitese annunciava que Maduro e Flores habeva essite capturate e transportate al Statos Unite. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/us-strikes-venezuela-and-says-its-leader-maduro-has-been-captured-and-flown-out-of-the-country |titulo=US strikes Venezuela and says its leader Maduro has been captured and flown out of the country |sitioweb=PBS NewsHour / Associated Press |fecha=3 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le extension del damnos e le numero total de victimas non esseva immediatemente establite. In su declaration al Consilio de Securitate, le ONU indicava que le numero de victimas del actiones militar ancora non esseva determinate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://venezuela.un.org/es/307995-declaraciones-del-secretario-general-ante-el-consejo-de-seguridad-sobre-venezuela |titulo=Declaraciones del Secretario General ante el Consejo de Seguridad sobre Venezuela |sitioweb=Organisation del Nationes Unite |fecha=5 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Captura de Nicolás Maduro e Cilia Flores == Post lor captura, Maduro e Flores esseva transferite al Statos Unite e portate a [[New York]], ubi illes faceva fronte a proceduras criminal federal. Le accusationes initial includeva delictos relative al narcotraffico e al armas. Le administration statounitese declarava que le operation permitteva facer exequer accusationes judicial contra Maduro. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/7c686106ae7ffc759e5a1726e1b85576 |titulo=Capture of Maduro and US claim that it will run Venezuela raise new legal questions |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=3 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le capture provocava questiones juridic super le immunitate de un chef de Stato, le soberanitate de Venezuela e le limites del competentia statounitese de usar fortia militar in territorio estranier. Especialistas in derecto international contestava le legalitate del intervention; le administration statounitese, per su parte, argumentava que Maduro non debeva esser tractate como un chef de Stato legitime e presentava le operation como un action contra un persona accusate de crimes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/7c686106ae7ffc759e5a1726e1b85576 |titulo=Capture of Maduro and US claim that it will run Venezuela raise new legal questions |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=3 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In octobre 2026, le procuratores statounitese presentava nove accusationes contra Maduro e Flores, includente allegationes de participation in actos de tortura contra oppositores politic e citatanos statounitese. Iste allegationes constitue accusationes judicial e non debe esser considerate como factos establite per un judicio definitive. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/cilia-flores-wife-venezuelas-maduro-press-release-us-jail-2026-10-08/ |titulo=Venezuela's Maduro charged in US with ordering torture of opponents, Americans |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=8 de octobre 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Reaction del governo venezuelan == Le autoritates venezuelan condemnava le operation como un aggression militar e un violation del soberanitate national. Le governo proclamava un stato de emergentia e annunciava mesuras de securitate e mobilization. Delcy Rodríguez, qui alora occupava le vice-presidentia, deveniva le figura central del autoritate executive post le detention de Maduro e assumeva le function de presidente interim. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://venezuela.un.org/es/307995-declaraciones-del-secretario-general-ante-el-consejo-de-seguridad-sobre-venezuela |titulo=Declaraciones del Secretario General ante el Consejo de Seguridad sobre Venezuela |sitioweb=Organisation del Nationes Unite |fecha=5 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le futuro politic del pais deveniva un subjecto de attention international. Le transition post-Maduro involveva questiones concernente le governantia, le situation del presos politic, le libertate de expression e le organisation de electiones que poterea esser considerate credibile per observatores national e international. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/CBP-12211/ |titulo=Venezuela: What has happened since Maduro’s capture in January 2026? |sitioweb=House of Commons Library |fecha=24 de septembre 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Reaction international e Nationes Unite == Le operation provocava reactiones international e un debatte al nivello del ONU. Le 3 de januario, le secretario general del ONU declarava esser profundemente alarmate per le action militar statounitese e advertiva que le eventos poteva crear un precedente periculose e haber consequentias negative pro le stabilitate regional. Ille exhortava tote le actores a respectar le derecto international e le Carta del Nationes Unite. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statements/2026-01-03/statement-attributable-the-spokesperson-for-the-secretary-general-venezuela |titulo=Statement attributable to the Spokesperson for the Secretary-General on Venezuela |sitioweb=United Nations |fecha=3 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le presidente del Assemblea General del ONU, [[Annalena Baerbock]], sublineava que le prohibition del menacia o del uso del fortia contra le integritate territorial o le independentia politic de un Stato es un principio fundamental del Carta del ONU. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.un.org/pga/80/2026/01/03/statement-of-the-president-of-the-united-nations-general-assembly-ms-annalena-baerbock-on-venezuela/ |titulo=Statement of the President of the United Nations General Assembly on Venezuela |sitioweb=United Nations |fecha=3 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le governo statounitese presentava le operation como parte de su effortios contra le narcotraffico e le menacias al securitate national. Le interpretationes juridic e politic del intervention tamen remaneva contestate, in particular concernente le uso del fortia in territorio de un altere Stato sin un mandato explicite del Consilio de Securitate del ONU. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/releases/2026/01/rubio-this-is-our-hemisphere-and-president-trump-will-not-allow-our-security-to-be-threatened/ |titulo=This Is Our Hemisphere — and President Trump Will Not Allow Our Security to Be Threatened |sitioweb=The White House |fecha=4 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Evolution politic post le intervention == Post le capture de Maduro, le relationes inter le Statos Unite e le governo interim de Delcy Rodríguez comenciava a cambiar. In martio 2026, le duo paises accordava reestablir lor relationes diplomatic e consular. Le Statos Unite declarava que le cooperation esseva destinate a promover le stabilitate, le recuperation economic e un processo politic que poterea crear conditiones pro un transition pacific verso un governo eligite democraticamente. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/us-venezuela-agree-to-reestablish-diplomatic-and-consular-relations-4545728 |titulo=US, Venezuela agree to re-establish diplomatic ties |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=5 de martio 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In septembre 2026, le House of Commons Library del Regno Unite reportava que le relationes inter Washington e le autoritates interim venezuelan habeva devenite plus cooperative, includente accordos concernente le industria petrolifere. Le mesme reporto notava que le processo politic restava incomplete e que observatores del derectos human continuava a signalisar problemas relative al presos politic e al libertate de expression. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/CBP-12211/ |titulo=Venezuela: What has happened since Maduro’s capture in January 2026? |sitioweb=House of Commons Library |fecha=24 de septembre 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Consequentias juridic e politic == Le intervention statounitese ha provocate un debatte super le relation inter le jurisdiction criminal national, le immunitate del chefes de Stato e le prohibition del uso unilateral del fortia. Le administration statounitese sostiene que le detention de Maduro permitte facer fronte a accusationes criminal pendente; criticos del operation considera que le capture in territorio venezuelan pone questiones fundamental de soberanitate e derecto international. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/7c686106ae7ffc759e5a1726e1b85576 |titulo=Capture of Maduro and US claim that it will run Venezuela raise new legal questions |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=3 de januario 2026 |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le effectos a longe termino del intervention remane subjecte a evolutiones politic, economic e juridic. Illos include le relationes inter le Statos Unite e Venezuela, le futuro del institutiones venezuelan, le controlo del recursos natural e le possibilitate de un transition politic. {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Operation Lancia del Sud]] [[Categoria:Venezuela in 2026]] [[Categoria:Statos Unite in 2026]] [[Categoria:Fortia Armate National Bolivarian]] [[Categoria:Historia de Caracas]] [[Categoria:Historia militar de Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Relationes Statos Unite-Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Secunde Administration Trump]] [[Categoria:Confrontationes armate del crise in Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Conflictos in 2026]] [[Categoria:Dictatura de Nicolás Maduro]] [[Categoria:Operationes militar del Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Interventiones del Statos Unite in America Latin]] [[Categoria:Battalias de Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter le Statos Unite e Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Operationes militar]] [[Categoria:Historia contemporanee de Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Crises international]] [[Categoria:Attaccos aeree de 2026]] [[Categoria:Attaccos a installationes militar in 2026]] [[Categoria:2026 in Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Operationes militar de 2026]] [[Categoria:Battalias in 2026]] [[Categoria:Seculo 21 in Caracas]] [[Categoria:Historia militar del Statos Unite in le seculo 21|Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Ianuarie 2026 in Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Ianuarie 2026 in le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Attaccos aeree conducite per le Statos Unite|Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Arrestos de personas individual|Maduro, Nicolás; Flores, Cilia]] [[Categoria:Delta Force]] [[Categoria:Abduction extraterritorial]] [[Categoria:Doctrina Monroe]] [[Categoria:Operation Southern Spear]] [[Categoria:Operationes involvente fortias de operationes special del Statos Unite|Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Opposition a Nicolás Maduro]] [[Categoria:Petroleo in Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Historia politic de Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Controversias del secunde administration Trump]] [[Categoria:Controversias de Nicolás Maduro]] [[Categoria:Secunde presidentia de Donald Trump]] [[Categoria:Implication del Statos Unite in cambio de regimine]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter le Statos Unite e Venezuela|Attaccos de 2026]] [[Categoria:Articulos continente clips de video]] [[Categoria:Guerra contra le drogas]] [[Categoria:Guerra contra le terrorismo]] [[Categoria:Attaccos a bases aeree]] [[Categoria:Bombardamentos de aeroportos]] [[Categoria:Bombardamentos de edificios in America del Sud]] [[Categoria:Attaccos a edificios e structuras governmental in Venezuela]] [[Categoria:Bombardamentos de edificios in 2026]] [[Categoria:Sentimento antivenezuelan]] [[Categoria:Intervention del Statos Unite in Venezuela in 2026| ]] [[Categoria:Operationes militar involvente aeroportos]] [[Categoria:Politica estranier del administration Trump]] eir6jz80df9xw42uaj981fec4yausa8 0 62163 704201 2026-10-13T06:47:45Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “{{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''guerra contra le drogas''' es un termino que designa le conjunto de politicas public, leges e operationes policial e militar destinate a reducer le production, le distribution e le consumo de drogas prohibite. Le expression es associate specialmente con le politica del [[Statos Unite]], ma es etiam usate pro describer le politicas de controlo del drogas adoptate in altere paises e in le quadro del cooperation international. Le poli...” 704201 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''guerra contra le drogas''' es un termino que designa le conjunto de politicas public, leges e operationes policial e militar destinate a reducer le production, le distribution e le consumo de drogas prohibite. Le expression es associate specialmente con le politica del [[Statos Unite]], ma es etiam usate pro describer le politicas de controlo del drogas adoptate in altere paises e in le quadro del cooperation international. Le politica international de controlo del drogas se basa super tres tractatos principal del [[Organisation del Nationes Unite]]: le Convention unic super le drogas narcotic de 1961, le Convention super le substantias psychotropic de 1971 e le Convention contra le traffico illicit de drogas narcotic e substantias psychotropic de 1988. Iste tractatos establi un quadro international pro le controlo del drogas, con objectivos que include le protection del sanitate e le prevention del abuso, mantenente al mesme tempore le disponibilitate de substantias pro usos medical e scientific. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unodc.org/e4j/en/organized-crime/module-14/key-issues/related-international-instruments.html |titulo=Related International Instruments |sitioweb=United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Origines == Le controlo international del drogas ha su origines al initio del seculo XX. In 1909, le Commission International del Opio se reuniva in Shanghai, e in 1912 esseva adoptate le Convention International del Opio al Hague. Iste accordos representa le initio del systema international moderne de controlo del drogas. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unodc.org/documents/timeline_E_09.pdf |titulo=Chronology: 100 Years of Drug Control |sitioweb=United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le decennios sequente, le legislation international se extendeva a altere substantias e a differente aspectos del production e del distribution de drogas. Post le creation del Nationes Unite, le responsabilitate international in iste campo esseva integrate in le systema institutional del organisation. Le Convention unic super le drogas narcotic de 1961 reuniva e reorganisava multe del instrumentos international anterior. Le Convention super le substantias psychotropic de 1971 e le Convention contra le traffico illicit de 1988 completava ulteriormente le quadro juridic international. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unodc.org/documents/commissions/CND/Int_Drug_Control_Conventions/Ebook/The_International_Drug_Control_Conventions_E.pdf |titulo=The International Drug Control Conventions |sitioweb=United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Le politica del Statos Unite == Le expression «guerra contra le drogas» es specialmente associate con le Statos Unite. Durante le seculo XX, le governamento federal adoptava leges e programas destinate a controlar le production, le distribution e le consumo de substantias prohibite. In 1971, le presidente [[Richard Nixon]] declarava que le abuso de drogas esseva un problema que requireva un responsa national renforciate. Su administration expandiva le instrumentos federal de controlo e reorganisava le institutiones incaricate del application del legislation super drogas. Durante le decennios sequente, le politica federal combinava le repression del traffico illicit, le detention e le prosecution de personas implicate in le mercato de drogas, le controlo del frontieras e le programas de prevention e tractamento. Le expression deveniva un termino general pro describer le approccio punitive al drogas, specialmente quando le application del legislation criminal deveniva un componente central del politica public. == Instrumentos del politica antidrogas == Le politicas associate al guerra contra le drogas pote includer plure typos de mesuras: * Prohibition e criminalisation: leges que prohibi o limita le production, le distribution, le possession o le consumo de certe substantias. * Application del lege: operationes policial, investigationes criminal e prosecution de personas implicate in le traffico illicit. * Controlo del frontieras: inspectiones e cooperation international pro interceptar le transporte illicit de drogas. * Cooperation international: accordos inter paises, intercambio de information e coordination contra organisationes criminal. * Prevention: information public e programas educative destinate a reducer le consumo problematic. * Tractamento: servicios medical e psychologic pro personas con problemas associate al uso de drogas. Le combination de iste instrumentos varia secundo le legislation national e le prioridades del governamentos. == Cooperation international == Le guerra contra le drogas ha un dimension international, perque le production, le distribution e le consumo de substantias controlate pote involucrar plure paises. Le cooperation international include le controlo del traffico transnational, le intercambio de information e le application del tractatos international. Le [[United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime]] (UNODC) supporta le implementation del tres conventiones international de controlo del drogas e publica information e analyses concernente le traffico illicit e le politicas de drogas. Su repositorio juridic centralisa le instrumentos international e le information concernente lor implementation per le Statos. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://sherloc.unodc.org/cld/en/v3/drugcontrolrepository/other-resources/international-drug-control-conventions.html |titulo=International Drug Control Conventions |sitioweb=United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le cooperation international include etiam le lucta contra le organisationes criminal que participa al production e al distribution de drogas. Le operationes pote involucrar le autoritates policial, le administrationes de frontiera, le autoritates judicial e altere institutiones national. == Effectos e controverse == Le politicas associate al guerra contra le drogas ha essite objecto de debattes concernente lor effectos super le securitate, le sanitate public e le derectos human. Le evalutationes varia secundo le pais, le periodo historic e le mesuras analysate. Le application del legislation criminal pote haber effectos super le population carcerari, le familias e le communitates affectate per le arrestos e le condemnationes. Organisationes international de derectos human ha etiam exprimite preoccupationes concernente le accesso al servicios medical e le effectos del criminalisation super le personas que usa drogas. Le [[Office del Alto Commissario del Nationes Unite pro le Derectos Human]] ha publicate analyses e recommendationes concernente le relation inter le politicas de drogas, le derecto al sanitate e le protection del derectos fundamental. In certe evalutationes, le organismo ha recommendate approccios que combina prevention, accesso al tractamento, reduction del damno e respecto del derectos human. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://searchlibrary.ohchr.org/record/33396?ln=en |titulo=The Human Rights Implications of Drug Policy |sitioweb=Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Sanitate public e reduction del damno == Un altere dimension del debatte concerne le rolo del sanitate public. Le politicas orientate al sanitate pote includer le prevention del consumo problematic, le tractamento voluntari, le supporto psychologic, le rehabilitation e le servicios destinate a reducer le riscos associate al consumo. Le approccio de reduction del damno cerca a limitar le consequentias negative del consumo de drogas, sin necessarimente exigir que le persona cessa immediatemente de usar le substantia. Le mesuras specific depende del contexto national e del servicios disponibile. Le discussiones super le relation inter le repression e le sanitate public concerne etiam le accesso al servicios medical, le stigma social e le possibilitate que le timor de sanctiones impedi certe personas de demandar assistentia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=yh%2B1XS57n2%2F4cNvHOn0wrfr3fbBvGRK67%2FVt4GKBpSWI9uoQtsfFrt4%2Bl%2Ft%2FymXzZtspO7RIn9M4kpHlDQef8g%3D%3D |titulo=Human rights and drug policy recommendations |sitioweb=Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights |accesso=13 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Evolution del politicas de drogas == Durante le ultime decennios, plure paises ha reexaminate lor politicas de drogas. Le reformas varia considerabilemente: certe jurisdictiones ha modificate le sanctiones pro possession personal, altere ha establite regulamentos pro certe substantias, e altere ha mantenite un approccio criminal plus restrictive. Iste reformas non significa que existe un modello international unic de politica de drogas. Le legislation continua a variar inter paises, e le tractatos international constitue un quadro commun que debe esser interpretate insimul con le legislation national e le evolution del politicas public. Le debatte contemporanee tracta frequentemente le relation inter le reduction del traffico illicit, le prevention del consumo problematic, le protection del sanitate public, le derectos human e le effectos social del sanctiones criminal. {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Politicas de drogas]] [[Categoria:Sanitate public]] [[Categoria:Criminalitate organisate]] [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:Sequelas del Guerra Frigide]] [[Categoria:Historia contemporanee]] [[Categoria:Anti-terrorismo in le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Operationes anti-terrorista]] [[Categoria:Lege de controlo de drogas in le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Politica de drogas del Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Historia del controlo de drogas in le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Commercio illegal de drogas in le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Operationes del fortias del ordine contra le trafico de drogas]] [[Categoria:Operationes del fortias del ordine in le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Guerra del drogas in Mexico]] [[Categoria:Conflictos de crimine organisate]] [[Categoria:Era post-Guerra Frigide]] [[Categoria:Panico moral]] [[Categoria:Terrorismo in Mexico]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter le Statos Unite e Asia]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter le Statos Unite e America Central]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter le Statos Unite e America del Sud]] [[Categoria:Politica federal del Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Guerra contra le terrorismo]] cc1gcdc49cg6ashtk5h76e2ht1t1c2e 10 62164 704206 2026-10-13T09:00:10Z Nimmzo 56738 [[:en:Template:Key press]] uses: [[Patrono:Key press/styles.css]]. Call: [[Modulo:Key]]. Show the key in an HTML rectangular frame like a button. 704206 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{{{{♥|safesubst:}}}#invoke:key|keypress}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 4j2emwcxmf4dx4zblg3n3h8o0vkve67 10 62165 704207 2026-10-13T09:00:15Z Nimmzo 56738 [[:en:Template:Key press/styles.css]] loaded by [[Modulo:Key]] renders the HTML rectangular frame around the key 704207 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template}} */ .keyboard-key { border: 1px solid #aaa; border-radius: 0.2em; box-shadow: 0.1em 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--background-color-neutral, #eaecf0), var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa), var(--background-color-neutral, #eaecf0)); color: var(--color-base, #202122); padding: 0.1em 0.3em; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; } ju6ncl0rj4jerf8mff9ywt3joykx897 828 62166 704208 2026-10-13T09:00:19Z Nimmzo 56738 [[:en:Module:Key]] loads [[Patrono:Key press/styles.css]]. Caller: [[Patrono:Key press]]. Display key in HTML rectangular frame like a push button 704208 Scribunto text/plain -- This module implements {{key press}}. local kbdPrefix = '<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">' local kbdSuffix = '</kbd>' local keyText = { ['caps lock'] = '⇪ Caps Lock', ['[[caps lock]]'] = '⇪ [[Caps Lock]]', ['shift'] = '⇧ Shift', ['[[shift key|shift]]'] = '⇧ [[Shift key|Shift]]', ['enter'] = '↵ Enter', ['[[enter key|enter]]'] = '↵ [[Enter key|Enter]]', ['cmd'] = '⌘ Cmd', ['[[command key|cmd]]'] = '⌘ [[Command key|Cmd]]', ['command'] = '⌘ Command', ['[[command key|command]]'] = '⌘ [[Command key|Command]]', ['opt'] = '⌥ Opt', ['[[option key|opt]]'] = '⌥ [[Option key|Opt]]', ['option'] = '⌥ Option', ['[[option key|option]]'] = '⌥ [[Option key|Option]]', ['tab'] = 'Tab ↹', ['[[tab key|tab]]'] = '[[Tab key|Tab]] ↹', ['backspace'] = '← Backspace', ['[[backspace]]'] = '← [[Backspace]]', ['win'] = '⊞ Win', ['[[windows key|win]]'] = '⊞ [[Windows key|Win]]', ['menu'] = '≣ Menu', ['[[menu key|menu]]'] = '≣ [[Menu key|Menu]]', ['up'] = '↑', ['[[arrow keys|up]]'] = '[[Arrow keys|↑]]', ['down'] = '↓', ['[[arrow keys|down]]'] = '[[Arrow keys|↓]]', ['left'] = '←', ['[[arrow keys|left]]'] = '[[Arrow keys|←]]', ['right'] = '→', ['[[arrow keys|right]]'] = '[[Arrow keys|→]]', ['asterisk'] = '&#42;', ['hash'] = '&#35;', ['[[#]]'] = '[[Number sign|#]]', ['colon'] = '&#58;', ['[[:]]'] = '[[Colon (punctuation)|:]]', ['pipe'] = '&#124;', ['[[|]]'] = '[[Pipe symbol|&#124;]]', ['semicolon'] = '&#59;', ['[[;]]'] = '[[Semi-colon|&#59;]]', ['equals'] = '&#61;', -- Left & right analog sticks. ['l up'] = 'L↑', ['l down'] = 'L↓', ['l left'] = 'L←', ['l right'] = 'L→', ['l ne'] = 'L↗', ['l se'] = 'L↘', ['l nw'] = 'L↖', ['l sw'] = 'L↙', ['r up'] = 'R↑', ['r down'] = 'R↓', ['r left'] = 'R←', ['r right'] = 'R→', ['r ne'] = 'R↗', ['r se'] = 'R↘', ['r nw'] = 'R↖', ['r sw'] = 'R↙', -- PlayStation. ['ex'] = '×', ['circle'] = '○', ['square'] = '□', ['triangle'] = '△', -- Nintendo 64 and GameCube. ['c up'] = 'C↑', ['c down'] = 'C↓', ['c left'] = 'C←', ['c right'] = 'C→', ['c ne'] = 'C↗', ['c se'] = 'C↘', ['c nw'] = 'C↖', ['c sw'] = 'C↙', } local keyAlias = { -- ['alternate name for key (alias)'] = 'name for key used in key table' ['[[cmd key|cmd]]'] = '[[command key|cmd]]', ['[[cmd key|command]]'] = '[[command key|command]]', ['[[opt key|opt]]'] = '[[option key|opt]]', ['[[option key]]'] = '[[option key|option]]', ['[[opt key|option]]'] = '[[option key|option]]', ['[[win key|win]]'] = '[[windows key|win]]', ['*'] = 'asterisk', ['#'] = 'hash', [':'] = 'colon', [';'] = 'semicolon', ['l-up'] = 'l up', ['l-down'] = 'l down', ['l-left'] = 'l left', ['l-right'] = 'l right', ['l-ne'] = 'l ne', ['l-se'] = 'l se', ['l-nw'] = 'l nw', ['l-sw'] = 'l sw', ['r-up'] = 'r up', ['r-down'] = 'r down', ['r-left'] = 'r left', ['r-right'] = 'r right', ['r-ne'] = 'r ne', ['r-se'] = 'r se', ['r-nw'] = 'r nw', ['r-sw'] = 'r sw', ['ps x'] = 'ex', ['ps c'] = 'circle', ['ps s'] = 'square', ['ps t'] = 'triangle', ['c-up'] = 'c up', ['c-down'] = 'c down', ['c-left'] = 'c left', ['c-right'] = 'c right', ['c-ne'] = 'c ne', ['c-se'] = 'c se', ['c-nw'] = 'c nw', ['c-sw'] = 'c sw', } local Collection = {} Collection.__index = Collection do function Collection:add(item) if item ~= nil then self.n = self.n + 1 self[self.n] = item end end function Collection:join(sep) return table.concat(self, sep) end function Collection:sort(comp) table.sort(self, comp) end function Collection.new() return setmetatable({n = 0}, Collection) end end local function keyPress(args) local chainNames = { 'chain first', 'chain second', 'chain third', 'chain fourth', 'chain fifth', 'chain sixth', 'chain seventh', 'chain eighth', 'chain ninth', } local result = Collection.new() local chainDefault = args.chain or '+' for i, id in ipairs(args) do if i > 1 then result:add(args[chainNames[i - 1]] or chainDefault) end local lc = id:lower() local text = keyText[lc] or keyText[keyAlias[lc]] or id result:add(kbdPrefix .. text .. kbdSuffix) end return mw.getCurrentFrame():extensionTag{ name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Template:Key press/styles.css'} } .. result:join() end local function keypress(frame) -- Called by "{{key press|...}}". -- Using the template doubles the post‐expand include size. return keyPress(frame:getParent().args) end local function press(frame) -- Called by "{{#invoke:key|press|...}}". return keyPress(frame.args) end return { keypress = keypress, press = press, } dsj5a5986yf1b9d1av9u7wdz0fptyrs