Wikipedia iawiki https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagina_principal MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.24 first-letter Multimedia Special Discussion Usator Discussion Usator Wikipedia Discussion Wikipedia File Discussion File MediaWiki Discussion MediaWiki Patrono Discussion Patrono Adjuta Discussion Adjuta Categoria Discussion Categoria Portal Discussion Portal Appendice Discussion Appendice TimedText TimedText talk Modulo Discussion Modulo Evento Discussion Evento 0 8313 704862 704588 2026-10-19T20:24:46Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704862 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} '''Christophoro Columbo''' (probabilemente [[Genua]], 1451 – [[Valladolid]], 1506) esseva un navigator e explorator de origine genovese, qui operava principalmente al servicio del monarchia de [[Castilia]]. Su expeditiones transatlantic del fin del seculo XV conduceva al contacto permanent inter Europa e le Americas e inaugurava un nove periodo de exploration, conquista e colonisation europee in le continente american. Le data e le loco exacte de su nascentia non es certemente establite; le Archivos Espaniol presenta 1451 e Génova como un attribution generalmente acceptate, ma indica que le data de nascentia es incognite e que altere hypotheses existe. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/autoridad/118900/imprimir |titulo=Colón, Cristobal (?-1506) |sitioweb=PARES – Archivos Españoles |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://datos.bne.es/persona/XX827907.html |titulo=Colón, Cristóbal |sitioweb=Biblioteca Nacional de España |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005104249/https://datos.bne.es/persona/XX827907.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Le nom de Columbo es cognoscite in differente linguas como ''Cristoforo Colomb'', ''Christophe Colomb'' e ''Christopher Columbus''. In le documentation del monarchia hispanic ille appare como don ''Cristóbal Colón'', almirante del Mar Océano. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://datos.bne.es/persona/XX827907.html |titulo=Colón, Cristóbal |sitioweb=Biblioteca Nacional de España |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005104249/https://datos.bne.es/persona/XX827907.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Origines e juventute == Le origines de Columbo son ligate a [[Génova]], in le nord de Italia, ma le documentation super su prime annos es limitate. Le Archivos Espaniol lo identifica como navigator, marino, explorator e conquistator de origine genovese. Le data exacte de nascentia resta incognite; le tradition historiographic que lo situa in 1451 a Génova es tamen largemente retenite per le catalogos del Biblioteca Nacional de Espania. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/autoridad/118900/imprimir |titulo=Colón, Cristobal (?-1506) |sitioweb=PARES – Archivos Españoles |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://datos.bne.es/persona/XX827907.html |titulo=Colón, Cristóbal |sitioweb=Biblioteca Nacional de España |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005104249/https://datos.bne.es/persona/XX827907.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Durante su juventute, Columbo se forma como marino e participa in navigationes mediterranee e atlantique. Ille viveva etiam in Portugal, ubi developpava su experientia maritime e su interesse pro le navigation transoceanic. Secundo le Library of Congress, su projecto de trovar un rota occidental verso Asia se fundava super su experientia maritime e super le lectura de obras geographic e theologic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/1492/columbus.html |titulo=Christopher Columbus: Man and Myth |sitioweb=Library of Congress |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Le projecto occidental == Columbo cercava un rota maritime occidental verso Asia, specialmente verso le regiones del especias. Su projecto consisteva in attinger le Asia oriental navigante verso le occidente, evitando le routes controllate per le portugeses circa Africa. Le projecto esseva inicialmente refusate per le autoritates portugese. Post su establimento in Castilia, ille presentava su plano al corte del [[Reges Catholic]], Isabel I de Castilia e Fernando II de Aragon. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |titulo=Descubrimiento de América |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005200506/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/1492/columbus.html |titulo=Christopher Columbus: Man and Myth |sitioweb=Library of Congress |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le negotiations durava plure annos. In 1485, Columbo arrivava e se installava in Castilia con su filio Diego, e continuava a presentar su projecto al corte. Le Archivos Espaniol indica que le negotiationes con le Reges Catholic durava plus de sex annos ante le expedition finalmente esseva approbate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/autoridad/118900/imprimir |titulo=Colón, Cristobal (?-1506) |sitioweb=PARES – Archivos Españoles |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Capitulaciones de Santa Fe == Le accordo decisive esseva le Capitulaciones de Santa Fe, signate le 17 de april 1492 inter Fernando e Isabel e Christophoro Columbo. Le documento establi le conditiones del expedition e concedeva a Columbo importante dignitates e privilegios in le territorios que ille sperava discoperir. Le Archivo General de Indias conserva le documento original e plure copias e confirmationes posterior. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/description/245187 |titulo=Capitulaciones de Santa Fe |sitioweb=PARES – Archivo General de Indias |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le prime clausula del accordo faceva de Columbo Almirante del Mar Océano pro le insulas e terras firmes que ille discoperirea o ganarea, con character vitalicie e hereditari. Le documento esseva posteriormente confermate in plure occasiones e deveniva le base juridic del relation inter Columbo e le monarchia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/registro-memoria-unesco/2009.html |titulo=Las Capitulaciones de Santa Fe |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005121016/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/registro-memoria-unesco/2009.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Viages == === Prime viage, 1492–1493 === [[File:Viaje 1 Colon.svg|297px|right]] Le prime expedition partiva del porto de [[Palos de la Frontera]], in [[Provincia de Huelva|Huelva]], le 3 de augusto 1492. Le expedition disponeva de tres naves: le ''Santa María'', le ''Pinta'' e le ''Niña''. Post un passaggio per le insulas Canarie, le expedition traversava le Atlantico. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |titulo=Descubrimiento de América |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005200506/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Le 12 de octobre 1492, le expedition attingeva un insula del [[Caribe]], identificate per Columbo como Guanahaní e denominate per ille San Salvador. Le expedition visitava postea Cuba e Hispaniola. Columbo credeva que le terras incontrate esseva parte del Asia o del regiones proxime al Asia, e ille conservava iste interpretation durante le resto de su vita. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |titulo=Descubrimiento de América |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005200506/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/1492/columbus.html |titulo=Christopher Columbus: Man and Myth |sitioweb=Library of Congress |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le ''Santa María'' naufragiava al costa de [[Hispaniola]]. Columbo lassava un parte del expeditionarios in un stabilimento appellate La Navidad e retornava in Espania in 1493. Le prime viage establiva le prime contacto permanent inter le monarchia hispanic e le insulas del Caribe. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |titulo=Descubrimiento de América |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005200506/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> === Secunde viage, 1493–1496 === [[File:Viaje 2 Colon.svg|297px|left]] Le secunde expedition partiva de Cádiz le 25 de septembre 1493 con un expedition multo plus grande que le prime. Su objectivos includeva explorar le nove territorios, establir insediamentos e initiar le evangelisation e colonisation sub le autoritate del monarchia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |titulo=Descubrimiento de América |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005200506/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Durante iste viage, Columbo navigava inter le Insulas de Barlovento, le Insulas Virgines, Puerto Rico, Cuba e Jamaica. In Hispaniola esseva fundate La Isabela, considerate le prime citate hispanic establite in America. Le expedition retornava a Cádiz le 11 de junio 1496. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |titulo=Descubrimiento de América |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005200506/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> === Tertie viage, 1498–1500 === [[File:Viaje 3 Colon.svg|297px|right]] Le tertie viage partiva de [[Sanlúcar de Barrameda]] le 30 de maio 1498. Columbo adoptava un route plus meridional e attingeva le insula de [[Trinidad]] e le costa del actual [[Venezuela]]. Isto esseva le prime vice que ille poneva pede super le continente sudamerican. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |titulo=Descubrimiento de América |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005200506/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Durante su administration de Hispaniola, conflictos inter colonos e populationes indigene conduceva al intervention de Francisco de Bobadilla, inviate per le Reges Catholic pro investigar le situation. Columbo esseva arrestate e retornava in Espania como prisionero le 25 de novembre 1500. Postea le monarches permitteva le continuation de su explorationes, ma ille perdeva parte de su autoritate governative. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |titulo=Descubrimiento de América |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005200506/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> === Quarte viage, 1502–1504 === [[File:Viaje 4 Colon.svg|297px|left]] Le quarte viage partiva de Cádiz le 9 de maio 1502. Le objectivo principal esseva cercar un passaggio verso le regiones asiatic e explorar le costa occidental del [[Mar Caribe]]. Columbo navigava juxta le costa del actual Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica e Panama, ma non trovava le passaggio maritime que ille cercava. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |titulo=Descubrimiento de América |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005200506/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Post difficultates in le Caribe, inter illes un longe insulamento in [[Jamaica]], Columbo retornava in Espania e desembarcava in Sanlúcar de Barrameda le 7 de novembre 1504. Iste esseva su ultime grande viage transatlantique. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |titulo=Descubrimiento de América |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005200506/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/mc-difusion/bicentenarios/contexto-historico/imperio-espanol/descubrimiento.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Familia == Columbo esseva maritate con Felipa Moniz de Perestrello, con qui ille habeva su filio primogenite, Diego Columbo. Post le morte de Felipa, ille habeva con Beatriz Enríquez de Arana un filio, Hernando Columbo, qui deveniva geographo, bibliothecario e historiographo e conserva un importante memoria del vita de su patre. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/autoridad/118900/imprimir |titulo=Colón, Cristobal (?-1506) |sitioweb=PARES – Archivos Españoles |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Diego Columbo succedeva a su patre in le titulo de almirante e in parte del proprietates e privilegios associate al familia. Le Archivos Espaniol conserva documentation relative al succession del titulos e al litigios concernente le privilegios accordate a Columbo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/description/4059999 |titulo=Documentación sobre Cristóbal Colón y su sucesión |sitioweb=PARES – Archivo General de Indias |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Ultime annos e morte == Post su ultime viage, Columbo passava le ultime annos de su vita in Espania, occupate per le question del recognition e conservation del privilegios que le Capitulaciones de Santa Fe le habeva accordate. Ille moriva in Valladolid in 1506. Le data precise de su morte es generalmente situate al 20 de maio 1506. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/autoridad/118900/imprimir |titulo=Colón, Cristobal (?-1506) |sitioweb=PARES – Archivos Españoles |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/description/132674 |titulo=Ratificación del testamento y codicilo de Cristóbal Colón |sitioweb=PARES – Archivo General de Indias |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Archivo General de Indias conserva le testamento e codicilo de Columbo, ratificate in Valladolid le 19 de maio 1506, un del documentos principal concernente su ultime voluntate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/description/132674 |titulo=Ratificación del testamento y codicilo de Cristóbal Colón |sitioweb=PARES – Archivo General de Indias |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Sepultura e memoria == Le restos de Columbo esseva transferite post su morte inter plure locos, secundo le tradition documental e le historia del familia. Le memoria del navigator deveniva progressivemente un elemento importante del cultura politic e historiographic del mundo hispanic e de altere paises europee e american. Le figura de Columbo ha essite interpretate de manieras differente. In le historia maritime, ille es recognoscite pro le traversamento transatlantic de 1492 e pro le expeditiones que establiva un contacto durabile inter Europa e le Americas. In le historia del colonisation, su expeditiones es etiam studiate in relation con le conquista, le exploitation del populationes indigene e le transformationes demographic, economic e cultural que sequeva le contacto inter le duo mundos. Le Library of Congress nota explicitemente que le interpretationes historic de Columbo ha variate considerabilemente e que su figura resta un subjecto de debatte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/1492/columbus.html |titulo=Christopher Columbus: Man and Myth |sitioweb=Library of Congress |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Documentos e fontes == Le Archivo General de Indias conserva un importante collection de documentos relative a Columbo, includente le Capitulaciones de Santa Fe, cartas del Reges Catholic, documentos super le expeditiones e le testamento del navigator. Le serie ''Descubrimientos, descripciones, población, conquista: Cristóbal Colón'' include documentos datate inter 1486 e 1506 e es completemente digitalisate e describite in PARES. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/description/121316 |titulo=Descubrimientos, descripciones, etc.: Cristóbal Colón |sitioweb=PARES – Archivo General de Indias |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Capitulaciones de Santa Fe esseva inscribite in le programma Memoria del Mundo de UNESCO in 2009 como un del documentos fundamental del historia del expansion maritime europee del seculo XV. Le Ministerio de Cultura conserva e presenta le documentation digital del accordo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/registro-memoria-unesco/2009.html |titulo=Registro Memoria del Mundo: Las Capitulaciones de Santa Fe |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005121016/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/archivos/difusion/registro-memoria-unesco/2009.html |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> {{Ref}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Columbo, Christophoro}} [[Categoria:Exploratores]] [[Categoria:Gente de Genua]] [[Categoria:Gente espaniol]] ewja5xuks65o55yfsjz8fnrqt2d0b37 0 14288 704861 662551 2026-10-19T20:04:00Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox/typo/languoid}} '''Attempto Controlled English (ACE)''' (Anglese Controlate Attempto) es un linguage natural controlate, i.e. un subinsimul del [[lingua anglese|anglese]] standard con un syntaxe restringite e un semantica restringite describite per un parve insimul de regulas de interpretation<ref>{{cite conference | author = Norbert E. Fuchs, Kaarel Kaljurand, Gerold Schneider | title = Attempto Controlled English Meets the Challenges of Knowledge Representation, Reasoning, Interoperability and User Interfaces | booktitle = FLAIRS 2006 | date = 2006 | url = http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/site/publications/papers/FLAIRS0601FuchsN.pdf | format = [[PDF]]}} {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20071025205315/http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/site/publications/papers/FLAIRS0601FuchsN.pdf |date=2007-10-25 }}</ref>. Hic il ha alicun simple exemplos. Le exemplos es in interlingua pro clarificar le explication. Le exemplos original es in anglese, e illos es monstrate como referentias: (1) * Feminas es human. <ref>* Women are human.</ref> (2) Cata femina es un humano. <ref>Every woman is a human.</ref> (3) Un homine es un humano. <ref>A man is a human.</ref> (4) Un homine se proba un nove cravata. Si le cravata place a su uxor alora le homine lo compra. <ref>A man tries-on a new tie. If the tie pleases his wife then the man buys it.</ref> Le regulas de construction de ACE require que cata substantivo es introducite per un [[determinator]] (''un'', ''cata'', ''nulle'', ''alicun'', ''al minus 5'', ...). Isto exclude (1), indicate con * precedente le phrase. Le regulas de interpretation de ACE decide que (2) es interpretate como quantificate universalmente, durante que (3) es interpretate como quantificate existentialmente. Altere regulas de interpretation resolve le referentias anaphoric in (4): ''le cravata'' e ''lo'' del secunde phrase refere a ''un nove cravata'' del prime phrase, durante que ''su'' e ''le homine'' del secunde phrase refere a ''un homine'' del prime phrase. Assi un texto ACE es un entitate coherente de phrases ligate anaphoricamente. ACE pote servir como [[representation del cognoscentia]], [[linguage de specification|specification]], e [[linguage de consulta]], e es concipite pro professionales qui vole usar notationes formal e methodos formal, sed pote non esser familiar con illos. Ben que ACE pare perfectemente natural — illo pote esser legite e comprehendite per qualcunque — illo es in facto un [[linguage formal]]. Le Attempto Parsing Engine (APE) (Motor de Analyse Attempto) traduce textos ACE sin ambiguitate a structuras de representation del discurso (DRS) que usa un variante del linguage de [[logica de prime ordine]]<ref>{{cite conference | author = Norbert E. Fuchs, Kaarel Kaljurand, Tobias Kuhn | title = Discourse Representation Structures for ACE 6.0 | booktitle = Technical Report ifi-2008.02, Department of Informatics, University of Zurich | date = 2008 | url = http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/site/pubs/papers/drs_report_6.pdf| format = [[PDF]] }}</ref>. DRSs pote depost esser traducite a un altere [[linguage formal]], per exemplo AceRules con varie semanticas<ref>{{cite conference | author = Tobias Kuhn | title = AceRules: Executing Rules in Controlled Natural Language | booktitle = First International Conference on Web Reasoning and Rule Systems (RR 2007) | year = 2007 | url = http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/site/pubs/papers/kuhn07acerules.pdf| format = [[PDF]]}}</ref>, [http://www.ruleml.org/translator/ RuleML] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011183404/http://www.ruleml.org/translator/ |date=2018-10-11 }}, [[Web Ontology Language|OWL]]<ref>{{cite conference | author = Kaarel Kaljurand, Norbert E. Fuchs | title = Verbalizing OWL in Attempto Controlled English | booktitle = OWL: Experiences and Directions (OWLED 2007) | year = 2007 | url = http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/site/pubs/papers/owled2007_kaljurand.pdf | format = [[PDF]]}}</ref>, e [[SWRL]]. Traducer DRSs al linguage standard de [[logica de prime ordine]] permitte al usatores rationar super textos ACE, per exemplo pro [[verification formal|verificar]] los, pro validar los, e pro consultar los. [http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch ACE e su utensiles relatate] ha essite usate in le campos de [[analyse de requirimentos|specificationes de software]], [[proba de theoremas]], summario de textos, [[ontologias]], regulas, consulta, documentation medic, e planamento. In [[2004]], ACE esseva adoptate como le [[linguage natural controlate]] del [http://rewerse.net Rete EU de Excellentia REWERSE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181206085346/http://rewerse.net/ |date=2018-12-06 }} (Rationamento super le Web con Regulas e Semanticas - ''Reasoning on the Web with Rules and Semantics''). == Referentias == <div class="references"> <references /> </div> == Ligamines externe == * [http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch Project Attempto] * [http://www.ics.mq.edu.au/~rolfs/controlled-natural-languages/ Controlled Natural Languages] * [http://www.ruleml.org/translator/ TRANSLATOR: A TRANSlator from LAnguage TO Rules] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011183404/http://www.ruleml.org/translator/ |date=2018-10-11 }} [[Categoria:Linguas controlate]] [[Categoria:Linguistica computational]] [[Categoria:Representation del cognoscimento]] tgpe3fgomwaf7vhsr3kxhqj13icpwpa 0 31992 704874 704692 2026-10-20T03:47:39Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704874 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/persona}} '''Pedro Álvares Cabral''' (Belmonte, [[Portugal]], [[1467]] o [[1468]]&nbsp;– Santarém, Portugal, circa [[1520]]) esseva un noble e navigator [[Portugal|portugese]], plus cognoscite como le commandante del armada que partiva de [[Lisbona]] in 1500 verso [[India]] e que, durante le viage, attingeva le costa del actual [[Brasil]]. Le 22 de april 1500, su expedition arrivava al terras que le portugueses denominate inicialmente Terra de Vera Cruz. Le Archivo National del Torre do Tombo conserva plure documentos contemporanee concernente le viage, inter illes le celebre carta de Pêro Vaz de Caminha. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://panteaonacional.gov.pt/homenageados/pedro-alvares-cabral |titulo=Pedro Álvares Cabral |sitioweb=Panteão Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://historialuso.an.gov.br/glossario/index.php/verbetes-glossario/14-verbetes-iniciados-em-c/26-cabral-pedro-alvares-1467-68-1520-26 |titulo=Cabral, Pedro Álvares (1467/68-1520/26) |sitioweb=Arquivo Nacional do Brasil |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Origine e familia == Pedro Álvares Cabral nasceva in Belmonte, in le actual districto de Castelo Branco, in un familia del nobilitate portugese. Le anno exacte de su nascentia non es cert: le fontes official indica 1467 o 1468. Le familia Cabral esseva ligate al governamento local de Belmonte e al administration del fortification del vila. Le patrimonio cultural portugese identifica Luís Álvares Cabral como antepassato de Pedro e indica que Pedro nasceva in Belmonte circa 1467. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://panteaonacional.gov.pt/homenageados/pedro-alvares-cabral |titulo=Pedro Álvares Cabral |sitioweb=Panteão Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://imovel.patrimoniocultural.gov.pt/detalhes.php?code=74264 |titulo=Pelourinho de Belmonte |sitioweb=Património Cultural, I.P. |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le familia esseva un del linages nobiles ligate al corte portugese. Cabral entrava in le servicio del corte de D. João II e posteriormente deveniva un persona de confidentia de D. Manuel I. Le monarcha le attribueva un position de responsabilitate e le incargava con le commandamento del secunde grande expedition portugese verso India. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://panteaonacional.gov.pt/homenageados/pedro-alvares-cabral |titulo=Pedro Álvares Cabral |sitioweb=Panteão Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Expedition de 1500 == === Preparation === In 1500, D. Manuel I organisava un grande armada con destination a [[India]]. Le expedition habeva un objectivo commercial e diplomatic: stabilir relationes con le Samorim de Calcutta e consolidar le position portugese in le commercio del specie. Cabral esseva designate capitão-mor del expedition. Le armada includeva tredece naves e esseva un del plus importante expeditions maritime portugese del epoca. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://historialuso.an.gov.br/glossario/index.php/verbetes-glossario/14-verbetes-iniciados-em-c/26-cabral-pedro-alvares-1467-68-1520-26 |titulo=Cabral, Pedro Álvares (1467/68-1520/26) |sitioweb=Arquivo Nacional do Brasil |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le expedition partiva de Lisbona le 9 de martio 1500. Le ruta se dirigeva al sud-oeste del [[Atlantico]] ante de reorientar-se verso le Route del Capo de Bon Esperantia e India. Le navigation includeva le tecnica del volta do mar, que implicava allontanar-se del costa africane pro profitar de ventos e correntes oceanic plus favorabile. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://historialuso.an.gov.br/glossario/index.php/verbetes-glossario/14-verbetes-iniciados-em-c/26-cabral-pedro-alvares-1467-68-1520-26 |titulo=Cabral, Pedro Álvares (1467/68-1520/26) |sitioweb=Arquivo Nacional do Brasil |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Arrivo al Brasil === Le 22 de april 1500, le expedition avistava terra al oeste del Atlantico. Le territorio esseva recognoscite como un terra que non faceva parte del destination immediate del expedition verso India. Le portugeses le denominate inicialmente Terra de Vera Cruz. Le Pantheon Nacional considera iste arrivata le acto del scoperta official del Brasil per Portugal. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://panteaonacional.gov.pt/homenageados/pedro-alvares-cabral |titulo=Pedro Álvares Cabral |sitioweb=Panteão Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le expedition remaneva per plure dies in le costa. Le 26 de april esseva celebrate un prime missa, e le 1 de maio esseva celebrate un secunde missa. Le escrivano Pêro Vaz de Caminha redigeva un carta al rege D. Manuel I describente le terra, su habitantes e le prime contactos con le populationes indigene. Le Biblioteca National del Brasil conserva le tradition documental relative a iste eventos e al carta de Caminha. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://bndigital.bn.gov.br/artigos/historia-do-brasil-pedro-alvares-cabral-toma-posse-da-ilha-de-vera-cruz-01-05-1500/ |titulo=Pedro Álvares Cabral toma posse da “Ilha de Vera Cruz” |sitioweb=Biblioteca Nacional Digital |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240911115848/https://bndigital.bn.gov.br/artigos/historia-do-brasil-pedro-alvares-cabral-toma-posse-da-ilha-de-vera-cruz-01-05-1500/ |archivedate=2024-09-11 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://antt.dglab.gov.pt/wp-content/uploads/sites/17/2008/10/Corpo-Cronologico-2.pdf |titulo=Corpo Cronológico |sitioweb=Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le nom del territorio cambiava ulteriormente de Terra de Vera Cruz a Terra de Santa Cruz e, plus tarde, al nom Brasil, associate al pau-brasil, un ligno de color rubie que deveniva un importante producto del costa. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://bndigital.bn.gov.br/artigos/historia-do-brasil-pedro-alvares-cabral-toma-posse-da-ilha-de-vera-cruz-01-05-1500/ |titulo=Pedro Álvares Cabral toma posse da “Ilha de Vera Cruz” |sitioweb=Biblioteca Nacional Digital |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240911115848/https://bndigital.bn.gov.br/artigos/historia-do-brasil-pedro-alvares-cabral-toma-posse-da-ilha-de-vera-cruz-01-05-1500/ |archivedate=2024-09-11 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> === Partita verso India === Post le recognoscentia del costa sud-american, le armada continuava su viage verso le India. Un nave esseva inviate verso Portugal con le information del nove terra e con le carta de Caminha. Le altere naves continuava verso le oceano Indian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://historialuso.an.gov.br/glossario/index.php/verbetes-glossario/14-verbetes-iniciados-em-c/26-cabral-pedro-alvares-1467-68-1520-26 |titulo=Cabral, Pedro Álvares (1467/68-1520/26) |sitioweb=Arquivo Nacional do Brasil |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Viage a India == Cabral attingeva Calcutta in septembre 1500. Le mission portugese esseva de stabilir relationes commercial con le autoritates local e de establir un feitoria pro le commercio del specie. Le expedition incontrava tamen opposition e le prime negotiationes esseva difficult. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://historialuso.an.gov.br/glossario/index.php/verbetes-glossario/14-verbetes-iniciados-em-c/26-cabral-pedro-alvares-cabral-1467-68-1520-26 |titulo=Cabral, Pedro Álvares (1467/68-1520/26) |sitioweb=Arquivo Nacional do Brasil |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le situation culminava in un attacco contra le feitoria portugese. In reaction, le naves portugese bombardava Calcutta. Le conflicto demonstrava le difficultates que Portugal incontrava in le tentativa de establir un position commercial stabile in le costa del Malabar. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/comissoes/cphm/rphm/edicoes/ano3/n.5/3/ |titulo=A Batalha de Diu 1509 |sitioweb=Comissão Portuguesa de História Militar – Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250429062940/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/comissoes/cphm/rphm/edicoes/ano3/n.5/3/ |archivedate=2025-04-29 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Le expedition esseva tamen capace de cargar un importante quantitate de specias. Solmente sex del tredece naves attingeva le destination final, secundo le fonte del Ministerio del Defensa National portugese. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/comissoes/cphm/rphm/edicoes/ano3/n.5/3/ |titulo=A Batalha de Diu 1509 |sitioweb=Comissão Portuguesa de História Militar – Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250429062940/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/comissoes/cphm/rphm/edicoes/ano3/n.5/3/ |archivedate=2025-04-29 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Retorno e ultime annos == Post le retorno a Portugal, Cabral recipeva recognitiones del corona pro le expedition. In 1502, D. Manuel I le designava pro commandar un nove expedition verso Oriente. Le projecto non se concretisava, ma le rationes exacte del allontanamento de Cabral del corte non es clarmente documentate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://panteaonacional.gov.pt/homenageados/pedro-alvares-cabral |titulo=Pedro Álvares Cabral |sitioweb=Panteão Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Cabral se retirava a su proprietates in le region de Santarém. Le ultime annos de su vita es minus ben documentate que le expedition de 1500. Le fontes institutional portugese indica que ille moriva probabilemente circa 1520 e esseva sepultate in le Igreja da Graça de Santarém. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://panteaonacional.gov.pt/homenageados/pedro-alvares-cabral |titulo=Pedro Álvares Cabral |sitioweb=Panteão Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le dates del morte es incerta: le Pantheon Nacional presenta le periodo como 1520/1526, durante que su texto biographic indica que le morte probabile occurreva in 1520. Le incertesa reflecte le limitationes del documentation super le ultime annos del navegador. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://panteaonacional.gov.pt/homenageados/pedro-alvares-cabral |titulo=Pedro Álvares Cabral |sitioweb=Panteão Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Memoria e reception == Pedro Álvares Cabral ocupa un position importante in le memoria historic de [[Portugal]] e [[Brasil]]. In Portugal, ille es representate como le commandante del expedition de 1500 e un del protagonistas del expansion maritime portugese del epocha del Descoperimentos. Le Pantheon Nacional include Cabral inter le personas commemorate per un cenotafio. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://panteaonacional.gov.pt/homenageados |titulo=Homenageados |sitioweb=Panteão Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In Brasil, le arrivata del expedition de Cabral in 1500 es un evento fundamental del historia colonial. Le documentation del Biblioteca Nacional e del Archivo National brasilian conserva le tradition documental associate al viage, al carta de Caminha e al prime actos portugese in le costa brasilian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://bndigital.bn.gov.br/artigos/historia-do-brasil-pedro-alvares-cabral-toma-posse-da-ilha-de-vera-cruz-01-05-1500/ |titulo=Pedro Álvares Cabral toma posse da “Ilha de Vera Cruz” |sitioweb=Biblioteca Nacional Digital |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240911115848/https://bndigital.bn.gov.br/artigos/historia-do-brasil-pedro-alvares-cabral-toma-posse-da-ilha-de-vera-cruz-01-05-1500/ |archivedate=2024-09-11 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Le memoria de Cabral es tamben associate al Belmonte, su loco de nascentia, ubi le historia del familia Cabral remane un elemento importante del patrimonio local. Le castello e altere elementos del patrimonio del vila conserva iste connexion historic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://imovel.patrimoniocultural.gov.pt/detalhes.php?code=74264 |titulo=Pelourinho de Belmonte |sitioweb=Património Cultural, I.P. |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Denomination == Le nom Pedro Álvares Cabral es le forma per le qual le navegador es generalmente cognoscite. Le Biblioteca National de Portugal registra etiam variantes historic del nom, inter illes Pedro Alvares Cabral, Pedro Alvares de Gouveia e Pedro Alluarez de Gouvea. Le forme del nom esseva variabile in le documentation del epoca. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://acervo.bn.gov.br/sophia_web/autoridade/detalhe/000623344 |titulo=Cabral, Pedro Álvares, 1467 ou 8-1520? |sitioweb=Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240309083214/https://acervo.bn.gov.br/sophia_web/autoridade/detalhe/000623344 |archivedate=2024-03-09 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Referentias == {{commonscat|Pedro Álvares Cabral}} <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Alvares Cabral, Pedro}} [[Categoria:Gente portugese]] [[Categoria:Exploratores]] c7vm4fr3gf3ehxm4i4kbkgrlljoaf3m 102 38952 704859 704297 2026-10-19T12:20:32Z ListeriaBot 24326 Wikidata list updated [V2] 704859 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P105 wd:Q38348 } |wdq= |columns=item,label,P225,P171,P18,description |thumb=32 |links=red |references=all |summary=itemnumber }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! label ! nomine del taxon ! taxon superior immediate ! imagine ! description |- | [[:d:Q5365047|Q5365047]] | [[Pseudofungi]] | Pseudofungi<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Stramenopiles]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Water mold Mizukabi colony.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q5367954|Q5367954]] | [[Elusimicrobia]] | Elusimicrobia<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q5376372|Q5376372]] | [[Endomyxa]] | Endomyxa | [[Rhizaria]]<ref name="ref_d6ddbab10ac7ee97f02e92018dda7d2b18e4bf25576f2edb4e27e7c9b4ff16e4">''[[:d:Q125775961|On the phenology of protists: recurrent patterns reveal seasonal variation of protistan (Rhizaria: Cercozoa and Endomyxa) communities in tree canopies]]''</ref> | [[File:Collection Penard MHNG Specimen 427-1-1 Gromia brunneri.tif|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q7576782|Q7576782]] | [[Sphingobacteria]] | Sphingobacteria | [[bacterio]] | [[File:Bacteroides biacutis 01.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q9358965|Q9358965]] | [[Pyrrophyta]] | Pyrrophyta | [[eucaryote]] | | |- | [[:d:Q9642991|Q9642991]] | [[Bacillariophyta]] | Bacillariophyta | [[Chromista]] | | |- | [[:d:Q9810870|Q9810870]] | [[Bacteroidota]] | Bacteroidota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Bacteroides biacutis 01.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q9850230|Q9850230]] | [[Conjugatophyta]] | Conjugatophyta | [[Chlorobionts]] | | |- | [[:d:Q10278368|Q10278368]] | [[Euthallophyta]] | Euthallophyta | [[planta]] | | |- | [[:d:Q10286677|Q10286677]] | [[Elusimicrobiota]] | Elusimicrobiota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q10317255|Q10317255]] | [[Lentisphaerota]] | Lentisphaerota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q10334205|Q10334205]] | [[Myxomycota]] | Myxomycota | [[Protisto|Protista]] | [[File:Tubifera ferruginosa 52288.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q10640455|Q10640455]] | [[Picozoa]] | Picozoa<ref name="ref_6f84893f17d7dac5f1f35e78e801676446c737f5807c18239365a578d6349f8b">''[[:d:Q21089798|Picomonas judraskeda Gen. Et Sp. Nov.: The First Identified Member of the Picozoa Phylum Nov., a Widespread Group of Picoeukaryotes, Formerly Known as ‘Picobiliphytes’]]''</ref> | [[Archaeplastida]] | [[File:Picomonas judraskeda.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q11299399|Q11299399]] | [[Cryptista]] | Cryptista<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pancryptista]]<ref name="ref_c9efd199c533dacedb4c96fcb7c6c45d8a130638058ce8c9b4536dd171de77e0">''[[:d:Q127708157|The closest lineage of Archaeplastida is revealed by phylogenomics analyses that include Microheliella maris]]''</ref><br/>[[Hacrobia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:CSIRO ScienceImage 6743 SEM Cryptophyte.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q12063165|Q12063165]] | [[Fibrobacterota]] | Fibrobacterota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | phylo de bacterios |- | [[:d:Q12217510|Q12217510]] | [[Armatimonadota]] | Armatimonadota | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q12651951|Q12651951]] | [[Chlorobi]] | Chlorobi<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Green d winogradsky.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q12652693|Q12652693]] | [[Deferribacteres]] | Deferribacteres<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q12673555|Q12673555]] | [[Spirochaete]] | Spirochaetae<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:20100905 211652 Spirochetes.jpg|center|32px]] | phylo e classe de bacterios |- | [[:d:Q12746761|Q12746761]] | [[Preaxostyla]] | Preaxostyla | [[Excavata]] | | |- | [[:d:Q12772144|Q12772144]] | [[Myxosporidia]] | Myxosporidia | [[Protisto|Protista]] | | |- | [[:d:Q12962137|Q12962137]] | [[Pseudomonadota]] | Pseudomonadota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:E. coli Bacteria (7316101966).jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q12962791|Q12962791]] | [[Chlorobiota]] | Chlorobiota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Green d winogradsky.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q12963338|Q12963338]] | [[Dictyoglomi]] | Dictyoglomi<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_66f98747a61f78fa1304ca6a2d59d4a7d0e46fcf53c694f3106fdaf46252872c">''[[:d:Q45322085|List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published]]''</ref> | [[Negibacteria]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q12963847|Q12963847]] | [[Methanobacteriota]] | Methanobacteriota | [[Methanobacteriati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Halobacteria.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q12968254|Q12968254]] | [[Mycoplasmatota]] | Mycoplasmatota | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Spiro.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q12971472|Q12971472]] | [[Synergistota]] | Synergistota | [[Thermotogati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Synergistetes.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q13012345|Q13012345]] | [[Cyanophyta]] | Cyanophyta | [[Negibacteria]]<ref name="ref_ed6a5d9605b0cd838b6d9340f4bb33ff8536a0c347663334e025d2753d4a8996">''[[:d:Q796451|Fossilworks]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q13014476|Q13014476]] | [[Schizomycophyta]] | Schizomycophyta | [[Prokaryota]] | | |- | [[:d:Q13392618|Q13392618]] | [[Entomophthoromycota]] | Entomophthoromycota<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[fungo]]<ref name="ref_b8c256ef49f76a6773946589846ce8cc2fc176141191f08a0f5375fe804cab79">''[[:d:Q117487849|Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021]]''</ref> | [[File:Entomophthora muscae on Scathophaga stercoraria (lateral view).jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q14562931|Q14562931]] | [[Magnoliophyta]] | Magnoliophyta<ref name="ref_b11b218b4e78afdf4e1a12aa41014c142cf7927e54dc9a0ba50bffaa21b01589">''[[:d:Q22061791|A checklist of familial and suprafamilial names for extant vascular plants]]''</ref><ref name="ref_3f07815f8d9c6b2b79b3c9023407930cdd8834c3373e899b3932628a9d941fb5">''[[:d:Q14916673|Reveal System of Classification]]''</ref><ref name="ref_52c422a3a63aa15cea70f788af0d98a62756f3c860fdd8b758b51fe95d8330a2">''[[:d:Q55869373|Flowering Plants]]''</ref> | [[Spermatophyta]]<br/>[[Cycadophytanae]] | [[File:Magnoliafraseri rt1.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q15156941|Q15156941]] | [[Perkinsozoa]] | Perkinsozoa<ref name="ref_77dfd8970bd2bf14090bf4300c1d002007cc78a4a2b6e598d9de32feee6f3950">''[[:d:Q56038565|Parvilucifera infectans norén et moestrup gen. et sp. nov. (perkinsozoa phylum nov.): a parasitic flagellate capable of killing toxic microalgae]]''</ref> | [[Alveolata]] | | taxon |- | [[:d:Q15283231|Q15283231]] | [[Loukozoa]] | Loukozoa<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Excavata]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Malawimonasms.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q16118567|Q16118567]] | [[Nitrososphaerota]] | Nitrososphaerota | [[Thermoproteati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:ThaspiviridaeFig1rv2.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q17504643|Q17504643]] | [[Aphelida]] | Aphelida<ref name="ref_185afa0acd75b325098430683495cb0acd61ad3f71735cb5b4e6cd28db4cd38c">''[[:d:Q21131107|Morphology, phylogeny, and ecology of the aphelids (Aphelidea, Opisthokonta) and proposal for the new superphylum Opisthosporidia]]''</ref> | [[Opisthosporidia]] | [[File:Amoeboaphelidium.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q18636217|Q18636217]] | [[Micrognathozoa]] | Micrognathozoa<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Limnognathia maerski.PNG|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q18647867|Q18647867]] | [[Lentisphaerae]] | Lentisphaerae<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q18667425|Q18667425]] | [[Verrucomicrobia]] | Verrucomicrobia<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_14a405d37222afc2a5fd122a43b7ba0323ff94c1ffc61672c369b6afa236fe03">''[[:d:Q36882454|Verrucomicrobia div. nov., a new division of the bacteria containing three new species of Prosthecobacter]]''</ref><ref name="ref_f60752922dfd8784bc96d8c8f468baf4600cf2b4a9fb2b90ed69204c6e6cde49">''[[:d:Q33637195|Cerasicoccus maritimus sp. nov. and Cerasicoccus frondis sp. nov., two peptidoglycan-less marine verrucomicrobial species, and description of Verrucomicrobia phyl. nov., nom. rev.]]''</ref><ref name="ref_66f98747a61f78fa1304ca6a2d59d4a7d0e46fcf53c694f3106fdaf46252872c">''[[:d:Q45322085|List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:TEM - Epixenosomes.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q18668442|Q18668442]] | [[Spirochaete]] | Spirochaetota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:20100905 211652 Spirochetes.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q18674593|Q18674593]] | [[Planctomycetota]] | Planctomycetota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Figure-2-Scanning-electron-micrograph-of-P.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q18674594|Q18674594]] | [[Planctomycetes]] | Planctomycetes<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Santarella plosbio 2010 gemmata obscuriglobus fig3.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q19683970|Q19683970]] | [[Deferribacterota]] | Deferribacterota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q19868361|Q19868361]] | [[Lokiarchaeota]] | Lokiarchaeota<ref name="ref_4adb43d2d2facce52a651d6074856d685756fa9a52691580162aadfb614c76d2">''[[:d:Q22809057|Complex archaea that bridge the gap between prokaryotes and eukaryotes]]''</ref> | [[Promethearchaeati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q20388896|Q20388896]] | [[Chlamydiota]] | Chlamydiota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:ChlamydiaTrachomatisEinschlusskörperchen.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q20641774|Q20641774]] | [[Mastigomycota]] | Mastigomycota | [[Eumycota]] | | |- | [[:d:Q20643853|Q20643853]] | [[Thermodesulfobacteria]] | Thermodesulfobacteria<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q20721206|Q20721206]] | [[Melainabacteria]] | Melainabacteria | [[Cyanobacteriota/Melainabacteria]]<ref name="ref_02fb502a2a6b6efb132679c32918d7c22997787e0bcc199d551c4afb7bea4a79">''[[:d:Q12159796|Taxonomy database of the U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q20751938|Q20751938]] | [[Nitrospirae]] | Nitrospirae<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q20804840|Q20804840]] | [[Caldiserica]] | Caldiserica<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_2f1338e18d27781ad188f99c4efb0138bd47ca4011fafa0455d096c8b78ff992">''[[:d:Q33486346|Caldisericum exile gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, thermophilic, filamentous bacterium of a novel bacterial phylum, Caldiserica phyl. nov., originally called the candidate phylum OP5, and description of Caldisericaceae fam. nov., Caldisericales o]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q21092088|Q21092088]] | [[Sulcozoa]] | Sulcozoa<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Sarcomastigota]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Apusomonas.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q21286613|Q21286613]] | [[Heterokontophyta]] | Heterokontophyta | [[Heterokonta]] | [[File:Giantkelp2 300.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q21293795|Q21293795]] | [[Monoblastozoa]] | Monoblastozoa<ref name="ref_1564da301e83b5d97bf5a357b80f94ddc4320ba1509c91b52cbd38a11c2bcb66">''[[:d:Q51456687|Classification of the animal kingdom]]''</ref> | [[animal]] | [[File:Salinella salve Frenzel.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q21397920|Q21397920]] | [[Clostridium tetani E88]] | Clostridium tetani E88 | [[Clostridium tetani]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21439067|Q21439067]] | [[Aquificota]] | Aquificota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Venenivibrio.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q21439314|Q21439314]] | [[Chrysiogenota]] | Chrysiogenota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q21441825|Q21441825]] | [[Fusobacteriota]] | Fusobacteriota | [[Fusobacteriati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Fusobacterium novum 01.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q21442539|Q21442539]] | [[Chloroflexota]] | Chloroflexota | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Phylum-Chloroflexi-isolate-Anaerolineae-bacterium-HOT-439-is-dependent-on-a-helper-strain.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q21445621|Q21445621]] | [[Neomonada]] | Neomonada | [[Opimoda|Neozoa]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21445839|Q21445839]] | [[Opalozoa]] | Opalozoa | [[Bigyra]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21446030|Q21446030]] | [[Granuloreticulosa]] | Granuloreticulosa | [[Protozoa]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21446061|Q21446061]] | [[Ascetospora]] | Ascetospora<ref name="ref_05b76844e293ed05b5e8d83c431f65580cf714a96e7fafa867717d1a6ed1c182">''[[:d:Q108899521|Classification of the Haplosporidia]]''</ref> | [[Protisto|Protista]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21446189|Q21446189]] | [[Haptomonada]] | Haptomonada | [[Protozoa]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21446445|Q21446445]] | [[Plasmodiophoromycota]] | Plasmodiophoromycota | [[Protisto|Protista]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21446765|Q21446765]] | [[Protomonada]] | Protomonada | [[Flagelloopalinida]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21446795|Q21446795]] | [[Prymnesiophyta]] | Prymnesiophyta | [[Protoctista]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21446800|Q21446800]] | [[Karyoblastea]] | Karyoblastea | [[Rhizopoda]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21446920|Q21446920]] | [[Pyrrhophyta]] | Pyrrhophyta | [[Pyrrophyta]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21446977|Q21446977]] | [[Chrysomonada]] | Chrysomonada | [[Protozoa]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21447010|Q21447010]] | [[Raphidophyta]] | Raphidophyta | [[Protoctista]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21447146|Q21447146]] | [[Dicyemida]] | Dicyemida | [[protostome]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Dicyema macrocephalum.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q21447237|Q21447237]] | [[Thermoproteota]] | Thermoproteota | [[Thermoproteati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:RT8-4.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q21447509|Q21447509]] | [[Dinophyta]] | Dinophyta | [[Protozoa]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21447667|Q21447667]] | [[Miozoa]] | Miozoa<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Alveolata]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Oxyrrhis marina.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q21447813|Q21447813]] | [[Tetramastigota]] | Tetramastigota | [[eucaryote]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21447826|Q21447826]] | [[Thermodesulfobacteriota]] | Thermodesulfobacteriota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Thermodesulfobacterium hydrogeniphilum.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q21447831|Q21447831]] | [[Thraustochytriacea]] | Thraustochytriacea | [[Protisto|Protista]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21448006|Q21448006]] | [[Xanthophyta]] | Xanthophyta | [[Chromista]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21448056|Q21448056]] | [[Zoomastigina]] | Zoomastigina | [[Protoctista]] | | |- | [[:d:Q21573733|Q21573733]] | [[Rappemonada]] | Rappemonada | [[Hacrobia]] | | |- | [[:d:Q22094454|Q22094454]] | [[Percolozoa]] | Percolozoa<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Discoba]]<ref name="ref_88ff74caebbdff69adae1309530f8930d8ba5d8e8ac089aa0eb81bf4fefdaad6">''[[:d:Q57086550|Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes]]''</ref> | [[File:Naegleria (formes).png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q22113496|Q22113496]] | [[Dictyoglomota]] | Dictyoglomota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q22159986|Q22159986]] | [[Hepatophyta]] | Hepatophyta | [[planta]] | | |- | [[:d:Q23044259|Q23044259]] | [[Sphenophyta]] | Sphenophyta | [[planta]] | | |- | [[:d:Q23419047|Q23419047]] | [[Problematica]] | Problematica | [[animal]] | [[File:Problematica Silurica (Plate 2) (7629246330).jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q24088016|Q24088016]] | [[Discomitochondria]] | Discomitochondria | [[Protozoa]] | | |- | [[:d:Q24150684|Q24150684]] | [[Agmata]] | Agmata | [[animal]] | [[File:StadtmuseumBerlin GeologischeSammlung SM-2012-1604.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q24975421|Q24975421]] | [[Poribacteria]] | Poribacteria | [[bacterio]] | [[File:Poribacteria localisation using correlative microscopy.gif|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q25228461|Q25228461]] | [[Verrucomicrobiota]] | Verrucomicrobiota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:TEM - Epixenosomes.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q25508584|Q25508584]] | [[Parvarchaeota]] | Parvarchaeota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:25K15pA9Def4sec Arman 4 Box1.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q25508587|Q25508587]] | [[Diapherotrites]] | Diapherotrites | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q25508591|Q25508591]] | [[Aenigmarchaeota]] | Aenigmarchaeota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q25519942|Q25519942]] | [[Bacillota]] | Bacillota | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Bacillus subtilis Gram.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q25539559|Q25539559]] | [[Psilophyta]] | Psilophyta | [[planta]] | [[File:Psilotum.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q25577567|Q25577567]] | [[Cyanobacteriota]] | Cyanobacteriota | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:201208 Cyanobacteria.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q25834462|Q25834462]] | [[Euglenozoa]] | Euglenozoa<ref name="ref_f9911c01cb81196762d2c6675b2d790f9a923331f602282f796e7af4ea25d82d">http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=536202</ref><ref name="ref_e42897ef28ca1fbc09977e9a4a2b32bbcf01800c47a324caca5014b17fe73964">''[[:d:Q22919249|Eukaryote kingdoms: Seven or nine?]]''</ref> | [[Euglenozoa]]<ref name="ref_f9911c01cb81196762d2c6675b2d790f9a923331f602282f796e7af4ea25d82d">http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=536202</ref><ref name="ref_772a9b96f11299bb1ce0d28c2a3a6e4244c6b6d8b24ff822acd47644eb07410d">http://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?id=117576</ref><br/>[[Discicristata]]<ref name="ref_614fb8f075f79819a8e5dacfa2ef160947f7237cfd6bac90b82407d11bdf8b00">''[[:d:Q30885386|The excavate protozoan phyla Metamonada Grassé emend. (Anaeromonadea, Parabasalia, Carpediemonas, Eopharyngia) and Loukozoa emend. (Jakobea, Malawimonas): their evolutionary affinities and new higher taxa]]''</ref> | [[File:Euglena sp..jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q26209713|Q26209713]] | [[Rhodothermaeota]] | Rhodothermaeota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q26220359|Q26220359]] | [[Ignavibacteriota]] | Ignavibacteriota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q26714852|Q26714852]] | [[Nitrospinae]] | Nitrospinae | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q26827889|Q26827889]] | [[Acetothermia]] | Acetothermia | [[Thermotogati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q26827898|Q26827898]] | [[Aerophobetes]] | Aerophobetes | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q1360|Q1360]] | [[arthropodo]] | Arthropoda<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Ecdysozoa]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Asian forest scorpion in Khao Yai National Park.JPG|center|32px]] | phylo de animales |- | [[:d:Q5182|Q5182]] | [[Kinorhyncha]] | Kinorhyncha<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b2443bdb8eb065e0d3e88ce0d3b6b6fc0fba0b6a252f6528d420213f2db3c710">''[[:d:Q19317420|Phylum Kinorhyncha]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Ecdysozoa]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Echinoderes hwiizaa.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q5183|Q5183]] | [[Loricifera]] | Loricifera<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Ecdysozoa]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Pliciloricus enigmatus.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q5184|Q5184]] | [[Priapulida]] | Priapulida<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Ecdysozoa]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Priapulus caudatus.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q5185|Q5185]] | [[Nematoda]] | Nematoda<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Ecdysozoa]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Soybean cyst nematode and egg SEM.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q5186|Q5186]] | [[Nematomorpha]] | Nematomorpha<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Ecdysozoa]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Paragordius tricuspidatus.jpeg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q5189|Q5189]] | [[Lobopodia]] | Lobopodia | [[Panarthropoda]] | [[File:20210000 Lobopodia lobopodians lobopods.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q5191|Q5191]] | [[Onychophora]] | Onychophora<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_e06a7e3c469f277c9344b5a5e835660a166c141af045136b523115727e6294ed">''[[:d:Q19329296|Phylum Onychophora Grube, 1853]]''</ref><ref name="ref_663c79fc9d0f4631a1ea8eaf1b8cddf2861b4797951760a3d62ca7c951bdb680">''[[:d:Q19329389|A world checklist of Onychophora (velvet worms), with notes on nomenclature and status of names]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Ecdysozoa]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Onycophora.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q5194|Q5194]] | [[Tardigrada]] | Tardigrada<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_26601dc35694ad6f9ddc6db4b950317a802ee25d8b7bc8aa116c4b82ffe824c6">''[[:d:Q20019958|Phylum Tardigrada Doyère, 1840]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Ecdysozoa]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Hypsibiusdujardini.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q10915|Q10915]] | [[chordato]] | Chordata<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[deuterostome]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_de89d1d7a3b9861aa896c2763db458e8269d1d9fb76891ffc54e0793ca104151">''[[:d:Q34008832|The mitochondrial DNA of Xenoturbella bocki: genomic architecture and phylogenetic analysis]]''</ref> | [[File:Chordata.png|center|32px]] | phylo de animales |- | [[:d:Q18960|Q18960]] | [[Porifera]] | Porifera<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0dd0ecf7bf278d95aad8a405c4bd6fb82e01ce9d874347b2258c1e1c513a4305">''[[:d:Q19317985|Phylum Porifera Grant, 1836]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[animal]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Vaasspons2.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q25326|Q25326]] | [[Molluscos|Mollusca]] | Mollusca<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Lophotrochozoa]] | [[File:Mollusca.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q25441|Q25441]] | [[Cnidari]] | Cnidaria<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Eumetazoa]] | [[File:Schleiden-meduse-2.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q25522|Q25522]] | [[Annelida]] | Annelida<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Nereis pelagica.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q41579|Q41579]] | [[acidobacterio]] | Acidobacteria<ref name="ref_66f98747a61f78fa1304ca6a2d59d4a7d0e46fcf53c694f3106fdaf46252872c">''[[:d:Q45322085|List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Acidobacterium.jpg|center|32px]] | phylo de bacterios |- | [[:d:Q44631|Q44631]] | [[Echinodermata]] | Echinodermata<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ec6fcf770918be7d2fba2367606625b26ee439302860547d0a1fcfc8d330b2ce">''[[:d:Q54802324|Morphological diagnoses of higher taxa in Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) in support of a new classification]]''</ref> | [[deuterostome]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><br/>[[Ambulacraria]] | [[File:Ophionereis reticulata 1.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q93315|Q93315]] | [[Cyanobacteria]] | Cyanobacteria<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_53a0f2b03daa7019b2710ec8dd21755784650fbdc972046fa802842c113a1dae">''[[:d:Q693148|International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants]]''</ref> | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:201208 Cyanobacteria.png|center|32px]]<ref name="ref_fc1deb0c6e0726d35b5ca72104428b2a8286c0c11e4a9316bd654855cbfc0a80">http://togotv.dbcls.jp/ja/togopic.2012.18.html</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q102778|Q102778]] | [[Ctenophora|Ctenophoro]] | Ctenophora<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Eumetazoa]] | [[File:Ctenophore.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q106345|Q106345]] | [[Ciliophora]] | Ciliophora<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_c7329662afc81d018cfa327740fedc871a21a94ccd87455d4b66bb43e6687bdf">''[[:d:Q51379118|Die Protozoen als Parasiten und Krankheitserreger nach biologischen Gesichtspunkten dargestellt]]''</ref> | [[Alveolata]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0c75e9b8c29938e8ceeb68b324f0e6d093cc688bc34ab84739dfb06955fed89d">''[[:d:Q54018828|The Ciliated Protozoa]]''</ref> | [[File:Isotricha intestinalis.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q107027|Q107027]] | [[Foraminifera]] | Foraminifera | [[Rhizaria]] | [[File:Ammonia tepida.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q107920|Q107920]] | [[Radiolaria]] | Radiolaria | [[Rhizaria]] | [[File:Haeckel Stephoidea.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q120490|Q120490]] | [[Dinoflagellata]] | Dinoflagellata | [[Dinozoa]] | [[File:Ceratium furca.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q124900|Q124900]] | [[Plathelminthes|Platyhelminthes]] | Platyhelminthes<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Haeckel Platodes.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q130914|Q130914]] | [[Actinobacteria]] | Actinobacteria<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Actinomyces israelii.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q130999|Q130999]] | [[Proteobacteria]] | Proteobacteria<ref name="ref_620a847fbcac205b5a1c11ec93ed90db3e61acbe9fb1eae72bc08d4501f60cad">''[[:d:Q45316252|Validation List no. 106: Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSEM]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:E. coli Bacteria (7316101966).jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q131032|Q131032]] | [[Orthonectida]] | Orthonectida<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[protostome]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Orthonetida dict flat and cylinder.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q131040|Q131040]] | [[Placozoa]] | Placozoa<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_40ddf737f368df45185f884350efa239024ce874f019eac59549d5ac5b0dd455">''[[:d:Q45817173|Ultrastructural analyses support different morphological lineages in the phylum Placozoa Grell, 1971]]''</ref> | [[animal]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Trichoplax mic.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q133219|Q133219]] | [[Charophyta]] | Charophyta | [[Viridiplantae]] | [[File:Chara braunii 1.JPG|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q134869|Q134869]] | [[Rhombozoa]] | Rhombozoa<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[protostome]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Dicyema macrocephalum.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q134886|Q134886]] | [[Deinococcus-Thermus]] | Deinococcus-Thermus<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Thermotogati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Deinococcus radiodurans.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q137449|Q137449]] | [[Haplosporidia]] | Haplosporidia<ref name="ref_3e058715a18b00e3a22f9b5eb0650695fe4514068aaa169d060a0a28df4e00d5">''[[:d:Q108908969|Sur le genere Aplosporidium (nov.) et l'ordre nouveau des Aplosporidies]]''</ref><ref name="ref_c980fa20222306284d97e6128fcd535cd1bce8c8adf8489d2e8e896c8b6dfc99">''[[:d:Q108913858|Ergebnisse der neueren Sporozoenforschung]]''</ref> | [[Ascetosporea]] | | |- | [[:d:Q148134|Q148134]] | [[Bryozoa]] | Bryozoa<ref name="ref_6256a42967f0c0c32e9bbc0ffd2476e19bd0099fd27c9064d1af61288bdfb39c">''[[:d:Q21069476|Phylum Bryozoa Ehrenberg, 1831]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Haeckel Bryozoa.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q149075|Q149075]] | [[Firmicutes]] | Firmicutes<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Bacillus subtilis Gram.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q162907|Q162907]] | [[Phoronida]] | Phoronida<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Nur03506.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q174301|Q174301]] | [[Hemichordata]] | Hemichordata<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[deuterostome]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Eichelwurm.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q174698|Q174698]] | [[Basidiomycota]] | Basidiomycota<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[Dikarya]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[File:Haeckel Basimycetes.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q174726|Q174726]] | [[Ascomycota]] | Ascomycota<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ddbcc7e85480f79a67652de9848eb190a612c56b4a88fde67c8d1ff4a91a1692">''[[:d:Q22065662|A revised six-kingdom system of life]]''</ref><ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[Dikarya]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[File:Xylaria polymorpha a1.JPG|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q178235|Q178235]] | [[Acanthocephalo|Acanthocephala]] | Acanthocephala<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:C wegeneri.JPG|center|32px]] | phylo de vermes parasitic |- | [[:d:Q178272|Q178272]] | [[Brachiopoda]] | Brachiopoda<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:LingulaanatinaAA.JPG|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q180148|Q180148]] | [[Rotifera]] | Rotifera<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Habrotrocha rosa 1.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q185631|Q185631]] | [[Nemertea]] | Nemertea<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Micrura verrilli.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q189808|Q189808]] | [[Marchantiophyta]] | Marchantiophyta<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_15301d99d1ade1e5ecd1e0a19335fb2228f21fc8dc86f538b4814f324f2aa7e5">''[[:d:Q55952715|A Checklist of the Liverworts and Hornworts of North America]]''</ref><ref name="ref_e792f138d9d7ef71de54888c5770402ead4c342a7bfb3038ff616d954ddf4174">''[[:d:Q42319604|Correct author citations for some upper rank names of liverworts (Marchantiophyta)]]''</ref><ref name="ref_976bddadb39e933a9d91d0266ee5437aa9f02c00d56726e49f8588f6c7dbd601">''[[:d:Q75186175|Morphology and classification of the Marchantiophyta]]''</ref> | [[Embryophyta]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Assortment of Hepaticae from Kunstformen der Natur (1904), plate 82.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q190115|Q190115]] | [[Gastrotricha]] | Gastrotricha<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Gastrotrich.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q192416|Q192416]] | [[Chaetognatha]] | Chaetognatha<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Gnathifera]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Chaetoblack.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q193030|Q193030]] | [[Apicomplexa]] | Apicomplexa<ref name="ref_a98611b933e05d46231f4bb4ff0ddb9ad643f023b1ca6561ce02d731ab2f2fc2">''[[:d:Q105882484|Taxonomy of the sporozoa]]''</ref> | [[Alveolata]]<br/>[[Protisto|Protista]] | [[File:Malaria.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q204219|Q204219]] | [[Euryarchaeota]] | Euryarchaeota<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Methanobacteriati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Halobacteria.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q208580|Q208580]] | [[Entoprocta]] | Entoprocta<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Barentsa discreta suzukokemusi02.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q264543|Q264543]] | [[Chlorophyta]] | Chlorophyta<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Viridiplantae]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Ulvophyceae composite.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q459276|Q459276]] | [[Gnathostomulida]] | Gnathostomulida<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Gnathostomula paradoxa Sylt.tif|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q473747|Q473747]] | [[Chytridiomycota]] | Chytridiomycota<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[Eumycota]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><br/>[[Chytridiomyceta]]<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[File:Spizellomycete.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q473809|Q473809]] | [[Amoebozoa]] | Amoebozoa<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ab4245d171ca4bc134853c75bbd29156738ecf599972dfd7a09b5d32fc4166fc">''[[:d:Q110094490|Handbuch der Morphologie der wirbellosen Tiere. Vol. 1]]''</ref> | [[Amorphea]]<ref name="ref_88ff74caebbdff69adae1309530f8930d8ba5d8e8ac089aa0eb81bf4fefdaad6">''[[:d:Q57086550|Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes]]''</ref><br/>[[Sarcomastigota]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Amoebozoa.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q499078|Q499078]] | [[Crenarchaeota]] | Crenarchaeota<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Thermoproteati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:RT8-4.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q499091|Q499091]] | [[Metamonada]] | Metamonada<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Excavata]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Giardia lamblia.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q500497|Q500497]] | [[Cercozoa]] | Cercozoa<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Rhizaria]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><br/>[[Cabozoa]]<ref name="ref_eb8f4182b34c0bc6aa9cf61e20312bb1c51fa4ad39fc1e8a71abf212f4f4c12b">''[[:d:Q28261633|Principles of protein and lipid targeting in secondary symbiogenesis: euglenoid, dinoflagellate, and sporozoan plastid origins and the eukaryote family tree]]''</ref> | [[File:Cercomonas sp.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q500531|Q500531]] | [[Haptophyta]] | Haptophyta<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_802acaa704182f044c5fde26b8cc8b7b63c1c9c3d15f61f10a60433407ac57fa">''[[:d:Q110221064|Phylogenetic reconstructions of the Haptophyta inferred from 18S ribosomal DNA sequences and available morphological data]]''</ref> | [[Haptista]]<ref name="ref_c9efd199c533dacedb4c96fcb7c6c45d8a130638058ce8c9b4536dd171de77e0">''[[:d:Q127708157|The closest lineage of Archaeplastida is revealed by phylogenomics analyses that include Microheliella maris]]''</ref> | [[File:Coccolithus pelagicus 07.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q502012|Q502012]] | [[Cycliophora]] | Cycliophora<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Spiralia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Symbion pandora wikipedia.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q504947|Q504947]] | [[Korarchaeota]] | Korarchaeota | [[Thermoproteati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Korarchaeota.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q548074|Q548074]] | [[Nanoarchaeota]] | Nanoarchaeota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Urzwerg.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q597831|Q597831]] | [[Aquificae]] | Aquificae<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Venenivibrio.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q623375|Q623375]] | [[Chlorobacteria]] | Chlorobacteria | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Phylum-Chloroflexi-isolate-Anaerolineae-bacterium-HOT-439-is-dependent-on-a-helper-strain.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q645245|Q645245]] | [[Apusozoa]] | Apusozoa | [[bikont]] | [[File:Apusomonas.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q753723|Q753723]] | [[Glomeromycota]] | Glomeromycota<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref><ref name="ref_3294b4563ef87fe76b2d4f35ae5f36e88603ea86ee1f9f7ffbe5c63d420f6d6b">''[[:d:Q21972835|A new fungal phylum, the Glomeromycota: phylogeny and evolution]]''</ref> | [[Eomycota]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><br/>[[Mucoromyceta]]<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[File:Gigaspora margarita.JPG|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q851406|Q851406]] | [[Aschelminthes]] | Aschelminthes | [[protostome]] | [[File:Ascaris lumbricoides.jpeg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q875679|Q875679]] | [[Chlamydiae]] | Chlamydiae<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_66f98747a61f78fa1304ca6a2d59d4a7d0e46fcf53c694f3106fdaf46252872c">''[[:d:Q45322085|List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:ChlamydiaTrachomatisEinschlusskörperchen.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q908484|Q908484]] | [[Tenericutes]] | Tenericutes<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Spiro.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q921087|Q921087]] | [[Hyolitha]] | Hyolitha | [[Lophophorata]]<ref name="ref_ed6a5d9605b0cd838b6d9340f4bb33ff8536a0c347663334e025d2753d4a8996">''[[:d:Q796451|Fossilworks]]''</ref> | [[File:Hyoliths01.JPG|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q968988|Q968988]] | [[Heliozoa]] | | [[Hacrobia]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Heliozoen.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1041942|Q1041942]] | [[Retaria]] | Retaria<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Rhizaria]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[File:Ammonia tepida.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1048772|Q1048772]] | [[Ochrophyta]] | Ochrophyta | [[Heterokonta]] | [[File:Kelp In Freycinet Tasmania.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1061265|Q1061265]] | [[Bacteroidetes]] | Bacteroidetes<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_66f98747a61f78fa1304ca6a2d59d4a7d0e46fcf53c694f3106fdaf46252872c">''[[:d:Q45322085|List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Bacteroides biacutis 01.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1096964|Q1096964]] | [[Myzozoa]] | Myzozoa | [[Protozoa]] | [[File:Haeckel Peridinea.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1137677|Q1137677]] | [[Fusobacteria]] | Fusobacteria<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_66f98747a61f78fa1304ca6a2d59d4a7d0e46fcf53c694f3106fdaf46252872c">''[[:d:Q45322085|List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published]]''</ref> | [[Fusobacteriati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Fusobacterium novum 01.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1140791|Q1140791]] | [[Blastocladiomycota]] | Blastocladiomycota<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[fungo]]<br/>[[Blastocladiomyceta]]<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[File:Rozella allomycis2.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1146853|Q1146853]] | [[Thermotogae]] | Thermotogae<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Thermotogati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Thermotoga sketch.svg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1147292|Q1147292]] | [[Gemmatimonadetes]] | Gemmatimonadetes<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Gemmatimonas aurantiaca.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1186957|Q1186957]] | [[Thaumarchaeota]] | Thaumarchaeota | [[Thermoproteati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q1197160|Q1197160]] | [[Cephalorhyncha]] | Cephalorhyncha | [[Ecdysozoa]] | [[File:Pliciloricus enigmatus.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1200941|Q1200941]] | [[Fibrobacteres]] | Fibrobacteres<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_66f98747a61f78fa1304ca6a2d59d4a7d0e46fcf53c694f3106fdaf46252872c">''[[:d:Q45322085|List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q1261437|Q1261437]] | [[Vetulicolia]] | Vetulicolia | [[deuterostome]] | [[File:Vetucolia.JPG|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1289758|Q1289758]] | [[Chloroflexi]] | Chloroflexi<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Phylum-Chloroflexi-isolate-Anaerolineae-bacterium-HOT-439-is-dependent-on-a-helper-strain.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1318124|Q1318124]] | [[Synergistetes]] | Synergistetes<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Thermotogati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Synergistetes.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1349731|Q1349731]] | [[Chrysiogenetes]] | Chrysiogenetes<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q1437858|Q1437858]] | [[Fornicata]] | Fornicata | [[Metamonada]] | [[File:DysnectesBrevis.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q1782621|Q1782621]] | [[Telonemia]] | Telonemia<ref name="ref_3a6d30a20d30e94a37d36018cc8eecf43380d007805fcf21ed2359bc9642a9c4">''[[:d:Q23379060|Telonemia, a new protist phylum with affinity to chromist lineages]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ba96fb62023284fe1730c23752a29651d8fdd25e0b3f2d15de16bde335da90d">''[[:d:Q23380247|Large-scale phylogenomic analyses reveal that two enigmatic protist lineages, telonemia and centroheliozoa, are related to photosynthetic chromalveolates]]''</ref> | [[TSAR]] | [[File:Telonema rivulare (contrast micrography).jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q2294279|Q2294279]] | [[Sarcomastigophora]] | Sarcomastigophora<ref name="ref_77dc7c512b6e5462385cf5b7c49ae88daf74152e08857d54d9948f20bc38a850">''[[:d:Q54493498|A Revised Classification of the Phylum Protozoa*]]''</ref> | [[Protozoa]]<br/>[[Protisto|Protista]] | [[File:Gbulloides.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q2334797|Q2334797]] | [[Trilobozoa]] | Trilobozoa | [[Eumetazoa]]<br/>[[animal]] | [[File:Tribrachiidae.JPG|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q2512784|Q2512784]] | [[Vendozoa]] | Vendobionta<ref name="ref_fe61fc438eba64bbeb2f5b429d77af9885216792315cff23c26e3a2ec3734728">''[[:d:Q55895557|Vendobionta and Psammocorallia: lost constructions of Precambrian evolution]]''</ref> | [[animal]] | [[File:DickinsoniaCostata.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q2566978|Q2566978]] | [[Proarticulata]] | Proarticulata | [[Bilateria]] | [[File:Dickinsonia Archaeaspinus.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q2823622|Q2823622]] | [[Actinopoda]] | Actinopoda<ref name="ref_3d36609571cf0428a374b752f5c308e8434d1421a68d06061b54862fc9652ea9">''[[:d:Q29452358|A short biography of Hubert Ludwig and a note on the publication dates of his monograph Die Seewalzen (1889–1892)]]''</ref> | [[eucaryote]] | [[File:Actinophrys sol.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q3347027|Q3347027]] | [[Nemathelminthes]] | Nemathelminthes | [[animal]] | [[File:Roundworm.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q3376321|Q3376321]] | [[Petalonamae]] | Petalonamae | [[animal]] | [[File:Charnia.JPG|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q3508193|Q3508193]] | [[Syndermata]] | Syndermata | [[Platyzoa]] | [[File:Bdelloid.JPG|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q3555432|Q3555432]] | [[Vendozoa]] | Vendozoa<ref name="ref_7a692d549cfcd9ca82e792db888888ffae536fdaa97b630b7e62602bd301ad7e">''[[:d:Q56001354|Vendozoa: Organismic construction in the Proterozoic biosphere]]''</ref> | [[animal]] | [[File:DickinsoniaCostata.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q3570860|Q3570860]] | [[Xenacoelomorpha]] | Xenacoelomorpha<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref> | [[deuterostome]]<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><br/>[[Bilateria]]<ref name="ref_32b050f9596d0885e951362d83811c4173a265bfe5c3607fb865c64500abb104">''[[:d:Q29305163|Xenacoelomorpha is the sister group to Nephrozoa]]''</ref><br/>[[Xenambulacraria]] | [[File:Proporus sp.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q4033604|Q4033604]] | [[Aigarchaeota]] | Aigarchaeota | [[Thermoproteati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q4792907|Q4792907]] | [[Armatimonadetes]] | Armatimonadetes<ref name="ref_d95c01ce3120736f46039a59308ab5d0f2123e346203e57a6823d2596a976565">''[[:d:Q19858624|A higher level classification of all living organisms]]''</ref><ref name="ref_02ef276519854a01f66486d26a78484b187383278872729a929c119896f92f7f">''[[:d:Q33630155|Armatimonas rosea gen. nov., sp. nov., of a novel bacterial phylum, Armatimonadetes phyl. nov., formally called the candidate phylum OP10.]]''</ref> | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q4907045|Q4907045]] | [[Bigyra]] | Bigyra | [[Heterokonta]] | [[File:Aplanosem.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q5031741|Q5031741]] | [[Saccharibacteria]] | Saccharibacteria | [[bacterio]]<ref name="ref_02fb502a2a6b6efb132679c32918d7c22997787e0bcc199d551c4afb7bea4a79">''[[:d:Q12159796|Taxonomy database of the U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q5113799|Q5113799]] | [[Chromerida]] | Chromerida | [[Alveolata]] | | |- | [[:d:Q5114906|Q5114906]] | [[Chrysophyta]] | Chrysophyta | [[Stramenopiles]]<br/>[[Protisto|Protista]]<br/>[[Chromista]]<ref name="ref_73dc4ac66b0c56ff1c8223c8dca9fe47b52d0c3701e24bab7c504112ae78d664">''[[:d:Q604063|World Register of Marine Species]]''</ref> | [[File:Alger, Botydium granulatum, Nordisk familjebok.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q26827901|Q26827901]] | [[Aminicenantes]] | Aminicenantes | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q26827906|Q26827906]] | [[Hydrogenedentes]] | Hydrogenedentes | [[Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria group]] | | |- | [[:d:Q26827909|Q26827909]] | [[Micrarchaeota]] | Micrarchaeota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q26827910|Q26827910]] | [[Woesearchaeota]] | Woesearchaeota | [[DPANN]] | | |- | [[:d:Q26827912|Q26827912]] | [[Pacearchaeota]] | Pacearchaeota | [[DPANN]] | | |- | [[:d:Q26827914|Q26827914]] | [[Bathyarchaeota]] | Bathyarchaeota | [[TACK]] | | |- | [[:d:Q26827915|Q26827915]] | [[Geoarchaeota]] | Geoarchaeota | [[archeo]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q26869732|Q26869732]] | [[Ignavibacteriae]] | Ignavibacteriae<ref name="ref_51ce1d7c1b510fc1cc914c148b06054cf3f25e3e422923184555cad17f3922c6">''[[:d:Q45327616|List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q26920574|Q26920574]] | [[Calescibacteriota]] | Calescamantes | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q26920948|Q26920948]] | [[Pyropristinus]] | Pyropristinus | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q26921036|Q26921036]] | [[Latescibacteriota]] | Latescibacteriota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q26959588|Q26959588]] | [[Cloacimonetes]] | Cloacimonetes | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q26962485|Q26962485]] | [[Fervidibacteria]] | Fervidibacteria | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q26967716|Q26967716]] | [[Gracilibacteria]] | Gracilibacteria | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q26970560|Q26970560]] | [[Marinimicrobia]] | "Candidatus Marinimicrobia" | [[Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria group]] | | |- | [[:d:Q26997057|Q26997057]] | [[Parcubacteria]] | Parcubacteria | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q27001824|Q27001824]] | [[Omnitrophica]] | Omnitrophica | [[Planctobacteria]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27067426|Q27067426]] | [[Modulibacteria]] | Modulibacteria | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27067589|Q27067589]] | [[Berkelbacteria]] | Berkelbacteria | [[CPR group]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27075862|Q27075862]] | [[Absconditabacteria]] | Absconditabacteria | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27076080|Q27076080]] | [[Katanobacteria]] | Katanobacteria | [[CPR group]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27077239|Q27077239]] | [[Zixibacteria]] | Zixibacteria | [[Sphingobacteria]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27101797|Q27101797]] | [[Kryptonia]] | Kryptonia | [[Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria group]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27102094|Q27102094]] | [[Rokubacteria]] | Rokubacteria | [[Gracilicutes]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27102375|Q27102375]] | [[Peregrinibacteria]] | Peregrinibacteria | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27114078|Q27114078]] | [[Wirthbacteria]] | Wirthbacteria | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27116672|Q27116672]] | [[Beckwithbacteria]] | Beckwithbacteria | [[Microgenomates]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27116707|Q27116707]] | [[Collierbacteria]] | Collierbacteria | [[Microgenomates]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27146460|Q27146460]] | [[Adlerbacteria]] | Adlerbacteria | [[CPR group]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27668676|Q27668676]] | [[Thorarchaeota]] | Thorarchaeota | [[Asgard]] | | |- | [[:d:Q27928169|Q27928169]] | [[Mucoromycota]] | Mucoromycota<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[fungo]] | [[File:Mucoromycota.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q28052236|Q28052236]] | [[Entorrhizomycota]] | Entorrhizomycota<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[Dikarya]]<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q28777755|Q28777755]] | [[Balneolaeota]] | Balneolaeota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q29166402|Q29166402]] | [[Haplospora]] | Haplospora | [[Protoctista]] | | |- | [[:d:Q43032442|Q43032442]] | [[Corbihelia]] | Corbihelia | [[Cryptista]] | | |- | [[:d:Q45909159|Q45909159]] | [[Entamoebia]] | Entamoebia<ref name="ref_6a3224ed9e9612f3b161f90deafb215ffecae36153e66735b907fd7bacda7748">''[[:d:Q24634634|Kingdom protozoa and its 18 phyla]]''</ref> | [[Opimoda|Neozoa]] | | |- | [[:d:Q48846920|Q48846920]] | [[Myxococcota]] | Myxococcota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q49408504|Q49408504]] | [[Gemmatimonadota]] | Gemmatimonadota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Gemmatimonas aurantiaca.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q53818217|Q53818217]] | [[Aphelidiomycota]] | Aphelidiomycota<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref><ref name="ref_25e2d10666311fea92ecdca7bade98031d9ac2b0b211147759a9262408609954">''[[:d:Q133256687|The 2024 Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa]]''</ref> | [[Aphelidiomyceta]]<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[File:Amoeboaphelidium.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q53818226|Q53818226]] | [[Basidiobolomycota]] | Basidiobolomycota<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[Basidiobolomyceta]]<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q54281951|Q54281951]] | [[Kickxellomycota]] | Kickxellomycota<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[fungo]]<ref name="ref_b8c256ef49f76a6773946589846ce8cc2fc176141191f08a0f5375fe804cab79">''[[:d:Q117487849|Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q54463178|Q54463178]] | [[Monoblepharomycota]] | Monoblepharomycota<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref><ref name="ref_25e2d10666311fea92ecdca7bade98031d9ac2b0b211147759a9262408609954">''[[:d:Q133256687|The 2024 Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa]]''</ref> | [[Chytridiomycota]]<br/>[[Chytridiomyceta]]<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[File:Monoblephs 002.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q54463182|Q54463182]] | [[Mortierellomycota]] | Mortierellomycota<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[fungo]]<ref name="ref_25e2d10666311fea92ecdca7bade98031d9ac2b0b211147759a9262408609954">''[[:d:Q133256687|The 2024 Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q54653006|Q54653006]] | [[Olpidiomycota]] | Olpidiomycota<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | [[Olpidiomyceta]]<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q56354566|Q56354566]] | [[Rhodothermota]] | Rhodothermota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q56354595|Q56354595]] | [[Calditrichaeota]] | Calditrichaeota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q56354628|Q56354628]] | [[Balneolota]] | Balneolota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q56702807|Q56702807]] | [[Heimdallarchaeota]] | Heimdallarchaeota | [[Asgard]] | | |- | [[:d:Q56704336|Q56704336]] | [[Calditrichota]] | Calditrichota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q56706714|Q56706714]] | [[Odinarchaeota]] | Odinarchaeota | [[Promethearchaeati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q57737752|Q57737752]] | [[Negarnaviricota]] | Negarnaviricota<ref name="ref_6b59cf7c993039ecd827a0daedf01e9cff413914331272d22962b5f910d625ee">''[[:d:Q57700017|ICTV Master Species List 2018a v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_f23c41f011ca49f9252d0ff4436e8c393a0b2e3ed4560797f4e9f6edf16126b5">''[[:d:Q62075759|ICTV Master Species List 2018b.v2]]''</ref><ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Orthornavirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[File:Negarnaviricota montage.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q57899030|Q57899030]] | [[Coprothermobacterota]] | Coprothermobacterota<ref name="ref_5adebfffdd6e1a7375f0d21bc4d1d54f640873304318658c72f86dbab967138f">''[[:d:Q51143933|Proposal for a new classification of a deep branching bacterial phylogenetic lineage: transfer of Coprothermobacter proteolyticus and Coprothermobacter platensis to Coprothermobacteraceae fam. nov., within Coprothermobacterales ord. nov., Coprotherm]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q58687931|Q58687931]] | [[Hemimastigophora]] | Hemimastigophora<ref name="ref_58dfc1d83951e35703b2a2a1aba78948c7015d0ae4a435375316002039078fa3">''[[:d:Q85570914|The hemimastigophora (Hemimastix amphikineta nov. gen., nov. spec.), a new protistan phylum from gondwanian soils]]''</ref> | [[eucaryote]] | [[File:Hemimastix amphikineta.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q60572600|Q60572600]] | [[Nitrospirota]] | Nitrospirota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q61057246|Q61057246]] | [[Abditibacteriota]] | Abditibacteriota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q62066295|Q62066295]] | [[Kiritimatiellaeota]] | Kiritimatiellaeota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q62573436|Q62573436]] | [[Actinomycetota]] | Actinomycetota | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Actinomyces israelii.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q65598611|Q65598611]] | [[Helarchaeota]] | Helarchaeota | [[Asgard]] | | |- | [[:d:Q73346622|Q73346622]] | [[Acidobacteraeota]] | Acidobacteraeota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q73346628|Q73346628]] | [[Acidobacterium group]] | Acidobacterium group | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q73346630|Q73346630]] | [[Acidobacterio|Acidobacteriota]] | Acidobacteriota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Acidobacterium.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q79918695|Q79918695]] | [[Verstraetearchaeota]] | Verstraetearchaeota | [[Thermoproteati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q79969204|Q79969204]] | [[Altiarchaeota]] | Altiarchaeota | [[DPANN]] | | |- | [[:d:Q81642167|Q81642167]] | [[Rozellomycota]] | Rozellomycota<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref><ref name="ref_b8c256ef49f76a6773946589846ce8cc2fc176141191f08a0f5375fe804cab79">''[[:d:Q117487849|Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021]]''</ref> | [[Rozellomyceta]]<ref name="ref_25c6a9aea8701af24f6d298405ca9409b4ad92c1cbe2b0c8f4d0d9b6f549e013">''[[:d:Q54803234|High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q87745169|Q87745169]] | [[Hydrothermarchaeota]] | Hydrothermarchaeota | [[Methanobacteriati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q87991691|Q87991691]] | [[Marsarchaeota]] | Marsarchaeota | [[TACK]] | | |- | [[:d:Q88926185|Q88926185]] | [[Deinococcota]] | Deinococcota | [[Thermotogati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Deinococcus radiodurans.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q92194055|Q92194055]] | [[Peploviricota]] | Peploviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Heunggongvirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92194132|Q92194132]] | [[Uroviricota]] | Uroviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Heunggongvirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92194209|Q92194209]] | [[Hofneiviricota]] | Hofneiviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Loebvirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92194276|Q92194276]] | [[Phixviricota]] | Phixviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Sangervirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92194353|Q92194353]] | [[Cossaviricota]] | Cossaviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Shotokuvirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92194437|Q92194437]] | [[Cressdnaviricota]] | Cressdnaviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Shotokuvirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92194516|Q92194516]] | [[Saleviricota]] | Saleviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Trapavirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92194594|Q92194594]] | [[Duplornaviricota]] | Duplornaviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Orthornavirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92194673|Q92194673]] | [[Kitrinoviricota]] | Kitrinoviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Orthornavirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92194739|Q92194739]] | [[Lenarviricota]] | Lenarviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Orthornavirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92194811|Q92194811]] | [[Pisuviricota]] | Pisuviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Orthornavirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92194888|Q92194888]] | [[Artverviricota]] | Artverviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Pararnavirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[File:Retrovirus.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q92194946|Q92194946]] | [[Nucleocytoviricota]] | Nucleocytoviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Bamfordvirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[File:Megavirus.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q92195021|Q92195021]] | [[Preplasmiviricota]] | Preplasmiviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Bamfordvirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q92195085|Q92195085]] | [[Dividoviricota]] | Dividoviricota<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Helvetiavirae]]<ref name="ref_86248ee29065b1dbfae06cdca4f80714ef7bc68d41623ae8e4c64e65d9eda18a">''[[:d:Q91806681|ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q93682123|Q93682123]] | [[Margulisbacteria]] | Margulisbacteria | [[Cyanobacteriota/Melainabacteria]]<ref name="ref_02fb502a2a6b6efb132679c32918d7c22997787e0bcc199d551c4afb7bea4a79">''[[:d:Q12159796|Taxonomy database of the U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q96376180|Q96376180]] | [[Delphibacteria]] | Delphibacteria | [[Sphingobacteria]] | | |- | [[:d:Q96377874|Q96377874]] | [[Fermentibacteria]] | Fermentibacteria | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q96379822|Q96379822]] | [[Altimarinota]] | Altimarinota | [[CPR group]]<ref name="ref_02fb502a2a6b6efb132679c32918d7c22997787e0bcc199d551c4afb7bea4a79">''[[:d:Q12159796|Taxonomy database of the U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q96394625|Q96394625]] | [[NC10 phylum]] | NC10 | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q96406155|Q96406155]] | [[Psilophytophyta]] | Psilophytophyta | [[Embryophyta]] | | |- | [[:d:Q97066136|Q97066136]] | [[Candidatus Cryosericota]] | Cryosericota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q97381227|Q97381227]] | [[Thermotogota]] | Thermotogota | [[Thermotogati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Thermotoga sketch.svg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q98163206|Q98163206]] | [[Prasinodermatophyta]] | Prasinodermatophyta<ref name="ref_5631ca20a38193263affb5106e125eff9a45b825d04393ee636b119cdad1bec1">''[[:d:Q96641117|The genome of Prasinoderma coloniale unveils the existence of a third phylum within green plants]]''</ref> | [[Chloroplastida]] | [[File:Palmophyllum crassum as Palmophyllum flabellatum.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q98569717|Q98569717]] | [[Dormibacteraeota]] | Dormibacteraeota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q98608871|Q98608871]] | [[Kiritimatiellota]] | Kiritimatiellota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q99238832|Q99238832]] | [[Nomurabacteria]] | Nomurabacteria | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q100742333|Q100742333]] | [[Eumycophyta]] | Eumycophyta | [[fungo]] | | |- | [[:d:Q100742412|Q100742412]] | [[Myxomycophyta]] | Myxomycophyta | [[fungo]] | | |- | [[:d:Q100787227|Q100787227]] | [[Eremiobacteraeota]] | Eremiobacteraeota | [[bacterio]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q105320684|Q105320684]] | [[Nitrospinota]] | Nitrospinota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q106691990|Q106691990]] | [[Sifarchaeota]] | Sifarchaeota | [[Asgard]] | | |- | [[:d:Q106938144|Q106938144]] | [[Taleaviricota]] | Taleaviricota<ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | [[Zilligvirae]]<ref name="ref_07776f326281d5e24cbcc830e5a6299a7fcd41305594d7aca61bc802b1d479b9">''[[:d:Q106917282|ICTV Master Species List 2020.v1]]''</ref><ref name="ref_366e4bf484d4214841243da83f659ace184bbeecf9fc0cd66df4467b6c755511">''[[:d:Q116118382|ICTV Master Species List 2021.v3]]''</ref><ref name="ref_d916964a5fca18117bde82d5e828f40b1d39919a12b6db1f9e1e08d14d8fa271">''[[:d:Q118434107|ICTV Master Species List 2022.v1]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q108072710|Q108072710]] | [[Caulochytriomycota]] | Caulochytriomycota | [[Chytridiomyceta]] | | |- | [[:d:Q108389880|Q108389880]] | [[Sanchytriomycota]] | Sanchytriomycota | [[fungo]]<ref name="ref_25e2d10666311fea92ecdca7bade98031d9ac2b0b211147759a9262408609954">''[[:d:Q133256687|The 2024 Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa]]''</ref> | [[File:Sanchytrid cells Fig1.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q109377432|Q109377432]] | [[Huberarchaeota]] | Huberarchaeota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q110712107|Q110712107]] | [[Thermomicrobia]] | Thermomicrobia | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q110746365|Q110746365]] | [[Atribacterota]] | Atribacterota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:41467 2020 20149 Fig1f.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q110917266|Q110917266]] | [[Nanohaloarchaeota]] | Nanohaloarchaeota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q111169035|Q111169035]] | [[Bdellovibrionota]] | Bdellovibrionota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Slice from electron cryotomogram of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus cell.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q111686092|Q111686092]] | [[Undinarchaeota]] | Undinarchaeota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q113867475|Q113867475]] | [[Njordarchaeota]] | Njordarchaeota | [[Promethearchaeati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q113882847|Q113882847]] | [[sporae dispersae]] | sporae dispersae | [[planta]] | | |- | [[:d:Q117089091|Q117089091]] | [[Moresnetiophyta]] | Moresnetiophyta | [[Cycadophytanae]] | | |- | [[:d:Q117323675|Q117323675]] | [[Actinobacteriota]] | Actinobacteriota | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q119526751|Q119526751]] | [[Caldisericota]] | Caldisericota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q119788827|Q119788827]] | [[Annelida]] | Annelida | [[Lophozoa]]<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q119788837|Q119788837]] | [[Cnidaria]] | Cnidaria | [[Radiata]]<ref name="ref_742573e81966c74fcb0897653cc500a68a280889d67427e580b4a02e8de39024">''[[:d:Q82575|Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q119822695|Q119822695]] | [[Saccharimonadota]] | Saccharimonadota | [[bacterio]]<ref name="ref_02fb502a2a6b6efb132679c32918d7c22997787e0bcc199d551c4afb7bea4a79">''[[:d:Q12159796|Taxonomy database of the U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q119841401|Q119841401]] | [[Spironematellophyta]] | Spironematellophyta | [[Protozoa]] | | |- | [[:d:Q121290984|Q121290984]] | [[Candidatus Auribacterota]] | Auribacterota<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[bacterio]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q121887854|Q121887854]] | [[Priapula]] | Priapula | | | |- | [[:d:Q121887868|Q121887868]] | [[Acanthocephala (cins)]] | Acanthocephala | | | |- | [[:d:Q122973879|Q122973879]] | [[Nanobdellota]] | Nanobdellota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[File:Urzwerg.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q123461054|Q123461054]] | [[Methylomirabilota]] | Methylomirabilota | [[bacterio]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q123631188|Q123631188]] | [[Thermomicrobiota]] | Thermomicrobiota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q124140374|Q124140374]] | [[Langiophytophyta]] | Langiophytophyta | [[Bryobiotina]] | [[File:Aglaophyton major reconstruccion en.jpg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q124318339|Q124318339]] | [[Microcaldota]] | Microcaldota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q124653641|Q124653641]] | [[Brockarchaeota]] | Brockarchaeota | [[archeo]] | | |- | [[:d:Q124736019|Q124736019]] | [[Aminicenantota]] | Aminicenantota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q125044953|Q125044953]] | [[Saccorhytida]] | Saccorhytida | [[Ecdysozoa]] | | |- | [[:d:Q127598725|Q127598725]] | [[Candidatus Babelota]] | Candidatus Babelota<ref name="ref_a2a626b36040c9cc7c50aecc55770281ec611775daf45f37c012f15102a0c642">''[[:d:Q36647264|Comparative Genomics of Candidate Phylum TM6 Suggests That Parasitism Is Widespread and Ancestral in This Lineage.]]''</ref> | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q127686997|Q127686997]] | [[Nebulidia]] | Nebulidia | [[Provora]] | | |- | [[:d:Q127687643|Q127687643]] | [[Halobacteriota]] | Halobacteriota | [[Methanobacteriati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q128247205|Q128247205]] | [[Cloacimonadota]] | Cloacimonadota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q128247315|Q128247315]] | [[Muiribacteriota]] | Muiribacteriota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q128247694|Q128247694]] | [[Elulimicrobiota]] | Elulimicrobiota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q128504387|Q128504387]] | [[Hadarchaeota]] | Hadarchaeota | [[Methanobacteriati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q128598620|Q128598620]] | [[Desulfobacterota]] | Desulfobacterota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q128598652|Q128598652]] | [[Bipolaricaulota]] | Bipolaricaulota | [[Thermotogati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q128635785|Q128635785]] | [[Asgardarchaeota]] | Asgardarchaeota | [[archeo]] | | |- | [[:d:Q128788757|Q128788757]] | [[Promethearchaeota]] | Promethearchaeota | [[Promethearchaeati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q130259571|Q130259571]] | [[Thermoplasmatota]] | Thermoplasmatota<ref name="ref_4c90cde234f10f42a4d5ba252a0894f21547c3717d68972f14682f2b81766ad7">''[[:d:Q123289567|Proposal of names for 329 higher rank taxa defined in the Genome Taxonomy Database under two prokaryotic codes]]''</ref> | [[Methanobacteriati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q130427981|Q130427981]] | [[Nibbleridia]] | Nibbleridia | [[Provora]] | [[File:Outline drawing of Ubysseya fretuma.svg|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q130693641|Q130693641]] | [[Ambiviricota]] | Ambiviricota | [[Orthornavirae]] | | |- | [[:d:Q131299205|Q131299205]] | [[Campylobacterota]] | Campylobacterota<ref name="ref_ab8cedfdaeb57dda04aad9965d1c480c5f2185b2fae158f356311076ef6983f1">''[[:d:Q124791084|Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q131585232|Q131585232]] | [[Sysuimicrobiota]] | Sysuimicrobiota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q131585276|Q131585276]] | [[Eremiobacterota]] | Eremiobacterota | [[bacterio]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q131822313|Q131822313]] | [[Iainarchaeota]] | Iainarchaeota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q131987420|Q131987420]] | [[Nanohalarchaeota]] | Nanohalarchaeota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q131988525|Q131988525]] | [[Poseidoniota]] | Poseidoniota | [[Methanobacteriati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q132852528|Q132852528]] | [[Minisyncoccota]] | Minisyncoccota | [[Bacillati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q133292922|Q133292922]] | [[Patescibacteriota]] | Patescibacteriota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q134283829|Q134283829]] | [[Fidelibacterota]] | Fidelibacterota | [[bacterio]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q134389434|Q134389434]] | [[Vulcanimicrobiota]] | Vulcanimicrobiota | [[bacterio]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q135012866|Q135012866]] | [[Freyrarchaeota]] | Freyrarchaeota | [[archeo]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q135031819|Q135031819]] | [[Hodarchaeota]] | Hodarchaeota | [[archeo]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q135038427|Q135038427]] | [[Nezhaarchaeota]] | Nezhaarchaeota | [[Thermoproteati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q135489975|Q135489975]] | [[Hydrothermota]] | Hydrothermota | [[Pseudomonadati]] | | |- | [[:d:Q135494149|Q135494149]] | [[Augarchaeota]] | Augarchaeota | [[Thermoproteati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q135494257|Q135494257]] | [[Aenigmatarchaeota]] | Aenigmatarchaeota | [[Nanobdellati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q135657034|Q135657034]] | [[Dormibacterota]] | Candidatus Dormibacterota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q135686940|Q135686940]] | [[Muellerivitota]] | Muellerivitota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q135686941|Q135686941]] | [[Oederibacteriota]] | Oederibacteriota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q136768066|Q136768066]] | [[Acidulidesulfobacteriota]] | Acidulidesulfobacteriota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q136773909|Q136773909]] | [[Desulfotomaculota]] | Desulfotomaculota | | | |- | [[:d:Q136912989|Q136912989]] | [[Caelestes]] | Caelestes | [[Membrifera]] | | |- | [[:d:Q136956224|Q136956224]] | [[Ryujiniota]] | Ryujiniota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q138425208|Q138425208]] | [[Dictyoglomerota]] | Dictyoglomerota<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q140571826|Q140571826]] | [["Candidatus Acetithermota" corrig. Rinke et al. 2013]] | "Candidatus Acetithermota" | [[Thermotogati]] | | |- | [[:d:Q140577645|Q140577645]] | [[Caldifarciminota]] | Caldifarciminota | [[Pseudomonadati]]<ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q141198607|Q141198607]] | [[Methanomethylicota]] | Methanomethylicota | [[archeo]] | | |- | [[:d:Q141224092|Q141224092]] | [[Neoluka]] | Neoluka | [[Excavata]] | [[File:Ancyromonadida.png|center|32px]] | |- | [[:d:Q141542382|Q141542382]] | [[Tracheophyta]] | Tracheophyta<ref name="ref_012eba0dbe37c7aa40587f8eabee8d9593a81bb50a0f2eb0ad19456c16f84c79">''[[:d:Q16958215|iNaturalist]]''</ref><ref name="ref_a5cb691fd2a2b68bd3f1f4fdd86e8363d0afaafce9c9a45fe2e1fcfcae264a67">''[[:d:Q1531570|Global Biodiversity Information Facility]]''</ref> | [[planta]]<ref name="ref_012eba0dbe37c7aa40587f8eabee8d9593a81bb50a0f2eb0ad19456c16f84c79">''[[:d:Q16958215|iNaturalist]]''</ref> | | |- | [[:d:Q141640485|Q141640485]] | [[Sumerlaeota]] | Sumerlaeota | [[bacterio]] | | |- | [[:d:Q141756266|Q141756266]] | [[Chlorobaeota]] | Chlorobaeota<ref name="ref_513da6bc425142f044a2a9e0c2c4262b067073ceb9d2b6cebc8991030d11c6f2">https://lpsn.dsmz.de/phylum/chlorobaeota</ref><ref name="ref_75166a3751e44a76afd29552f137fa790b12a7ddb54109baee5751e24ccfd858">''[[:d:Q6595107|List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]]''</ref> | | | |- | [[:d:Q141757221|Q141757221]] | [[Spongiamicota]] | Spongiamicota | [[bacterio]] | | |} ---- &sum; 374 items. {{Wikidata list end}} sjebo8y5f7stiy8a3g0mlz04ejqdr51 0 39259 704873 662897 2026-10-20T03:43:19Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704873 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox/articulo}} Le UE ha 28 statos membros. 12 regiones, qual es parte de 4 statos, es classificate como [[Region ultraperipheric del Union Europee|Region Peripheric Ultra]] (RPU). Etiam existe 25 '''[[paises e territorios de ultramar]]'''. == Territorios con stato special == * '''[[Gibraltar]].''' [[File:Gibraltar Border.jpg|thumb|200px|Frontiera de [[Gibraltar]] e [[Espania]].]] : Illo es parte del Union Europee benque con un stato special, jam quando secundo le tractato de adhesion del Regno Unite al [[Communitate Economic Europee]] in 1973, Gibraltar entrava in le CEE como un "territorio europee de cuje relationes externe le governamento del Regno Unite es responsabile".<ref>{{cita web|título=Base de Datos de Legislación|url=http://noticias.juridicas.com/base_datos/Admin/irprotocolo13.html#|fechaacceso=17 de septembre 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505141654/http://noticias.juridicas.com/base_datos/Admin/irprotocolo13.html|archivedate=2016-05-05|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2016-04-12}}</ref> Secundo lo negotiate per le Regno Unite a petition del governmento de Gibraltar, alicun leges del UE non se extende a Gibraltar. Secundo varie dispositiones del tractato de adhesion del Regno Unite al communitates europee, Gibraltar: :* Illo es fora del [[union doaner]] del UE.<ref name=gibraltar>{{cita web|título=Gibraltar en la Unión Europea|url=http://www.fog.es/fog/ver/363/circunstancia/ano-ii---numero-5---septiembre-2004/opinion/gibraltar-en-la-ue|fechaacceso=17 de septembre 2011|autor=Cristina Izquierdo|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2016-04-12|archivedate=2012-03-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308204717/http://www.fog.es/fog/ver/363/circunstancia/ano-ii---numero-5---septiembre-2004/opinion/gibraltar-en-la-ue}}</ref> :* Illo es excludite del [[Politica agrari commun del Union Europee|Politica Agrari Commun]] (PAC).<ref name=gibraltar /> :* Illo es excludite del harmonisation del [[IVA]].<ref name=gibraltar /> :* Illo non destina necun parte del invenitos de doanas al UE. :* In relation al commercio de benes, Gibraltar es considerate, de facto, como pais externe per le UE. * '''[[Ceuta]] e [[Melilla]].''' [[File:Puerto de Melilla.jpg|thumb|200px|Puerto de [[Melilla]].]] :Le adhesion del citates autonome era scopo de numerose negotiationes, integrante se finalmente in le CEE con un serie de requisitos particular, originate fundamentalmente pro su situation geographic e carentia de ressources (pro le parve dimension del territorio), que motivava que Espania sollicitava un serie de conditiones special de integration pro le citates:<ref>{{cita web|título=ACTA DE ADHESION DEL REINO DE ESPAÑA A LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS|url=http://www.meh.es/Documentacion/Publico/NormativaDoctrina/Tributaria/Ceuta%20y%20Melilla/Protocolo%202%20acta%20adhesion%20ESP.pdf|fechaacceso=19 de septembre 2011|autor=Reino de España|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2016-04-12|archivedate=2016-09-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923025310/http://www.meh.es/Documentacion/Publico/NormativaDoctrina/Tributaria/Ceuta%20y%20Melilla/Protocolo%202%20acta%20adhesion%20ESP.pdf}}</ref> :* Illos non es parte del territorio doaner del UE. :* Illos ha le condition de tertie stato a effectos doaner. :* Le productos originari del citates es considerate como proveniente de tertie statos e non como si illos habeva lor origine in statos membros. :* Le actos in materia de politica commun referente al exportation o importation, non habera application in ambe citates. ==Vide etiam== *[[Appendice:Lista de statos membro del Union Europee]] *[[Region ultraperipheric del Union Europee]] rh0qaek7kdp8u5grq3plkyn4ustszai 0 40483 704860 683998 2026-10-19T19:48:36Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704860 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Quadratic root.svg|thumb|right|Le formula quadratic, que es le solution del equation quadratic <math>ax^2+bx+c=0</math> ubi <math>a\neq0</math>. Hic le symbolos <math>a,b,c</math> representa le numeros arbitrari, et <math>x</math> es un variabile que representa le solution del equation. ]] [[File:Polynomialdeg2.svg|thumb|right| Delineamento bidimensional (curva rubie) del equation algebric <math>y = x^2 - x - 2</math>]] Le '''algebra elementari'''{{linfoX}} es le generalisation del [[arithmetica]]. Illo differe del [[algebra abstracte]] proque illo se tracta del [[structura mathematic]] e notiones de "operationes", e del "numero" in general. Illo differe etiam del arithmetica perque un littera es utilisate como representante de numero, e ille littera se appella [[Variabile (mathematica)|variabile]]. Isto se applica le plus frequentemente con respecto al [[numero real|numeros real]]: ben que le mesme regulas pertine a omne [[corpore (mathematica)|corpores]], le algebra de altere corpores non es elementari. == Referentias == * [[Leonhard Euler]], '' [[Elements of Algebra]]'', 1770. Traduction anglese [[Tarquin Press]], 2007, {{ISBN|978-1-899618-79-8}}, etiam disponibile in editiones digital: [http://web.mat.bham.ac.uk/C.J.Sangwin/euler/ Euler's Elements of Algebra] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110413234352/http://web.mat.bham.ac.uk/C.J.Sangwin/euler/ |date=2011-04-13 }} 2006, [https://books.google.com/books?id=X8yv0sj4_1YC&dq=euler+elements&psp=1 Elements of algebra – Leonhard Euler, John Hewlett, Francis Horner, Jean Bernoulli, Joseph Louis Lagrange – Google Books] 1822. * Charles Smith, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200607233701/http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=math&idno=smit025 A Treatise on Algebra]'', in [http://historical.library.cornell.edu/math Cornell University Library Historical Math Monographs]. *Redden, John. [http://catalog.flatworldknowledge.com/bookhub/reader/128?e=fwk-redden-ch01 ''Elementary Algebra''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610165651/http://catalog.flatworldknowledge.com/bookhub/reader/128?e=fwk-redden-ch01 |date=2016-06-10 }}. Flat World Knowledge, 2011 {{Pecietta|mathematica}} {{refer}} [[Categoria:Algebra]] bak8ekzr2qzihrxdk2vgidmbiwuxxk8 0 53405 704866 703707 2026-10-20T00:52:18Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704866 wikitext text/x-wiki {{eminente}} {{infobox/articulo/entitate territorial}} '''Extremadura''' (espaniol: ''Extremadura''; [[extremadurano]]: ''Estremaúra''; [[portugese]]: ''Estremadura''; Fala: ''Extremaúra'') es un [[communitate autonome de Espania|communitate autonome]] de [[Espania]]. Su capital es [[Mérida]], e [[Badajoz]] es su citate le plus populate. Situate in le parte centro-occidental del [[Peninsula Iberic]], Extremadura es formate per le provincias de [[provincia de Cáceres|Cáceres]] e [[provincia de Badajoz|Badajoz]], le duo provincias plus grande de Espania per superficie. Illa ha frontieras con [[Portugal]] al west, con [[Castilia e León]] al nord, con [[Castilla-La Mancha]] al est e con [[Andalusia]] al sud. Le major parte de su territorio appartene al [[bacino hydrographic]] del [[Fluvio Tago|Tago]] e del [[Guadiana]].<ref name="Statuto">{{cite web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2011-1638 |title=Ley Orgánica 1/2011, de 28 de januario, de reforma del Statuto de Autonomia de Extremadura |publisher=[[Boletin Oficial del Stato]] |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref> Con 41 634 km² e 1 053 345 habitantes al 1 de januario 2025, Extremadura es un del communitates autonome le plus pauc densamente populate de Espania.<ref name="INE2025">{{cite web |url=https://www.ine.es/prodyser/espa_cifras/EEC_2026_PUBLICACION_COMPLETA.pdf |title=Espania in cifras 2026 |publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Espania)|Instituto Nacional de Estadística]] |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref> Le region possede un importante patrimonio natural, con areas protegite como le [[Parco National de Monfragüe]], le [[Parco Natural del Tago Internacional]] e le [[Parco Natural de Cornalvo]].<ref name="Monfrague">{{cite web |url=https://turismoextremadura.juntaex.es/es/explora/Monfraguee-National-Park/ |title=Parco National de Monfragüe |publisher=Junta de Extremadura |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref><ref name="Tajo">{{cite web |url=https://www.juntaex.es/es/w/parque-natural-tajo-internacional |title=Parco Natural del Tajo Internacional |publisher=Junta de Extremadura |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref><ref name="Cornalvo">{{cite web |url=https://www.juntaex.es/es/w/parque-natural-de-cornalvo |title=Parco Natural de Cornalvo |publisher=Junta de Extremadura |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref> Illa include etiam le [[Geoparco Mundial UNESCO Villuercas-Ibores-Jara]] e numerose altere areas de valor ecologic e geologic. Le [[Junta de Extremadura]] es le organo executive del communitate autonome e es dirigite per le [[Presidente de Extremadura]]. Le [[Assemblea de Extremadura]] es le organo legislative regional. [[Mérida]] es le capital e sede del Assemblea, del Presidencia e del Junta de Extremadura.<ref name="Statuto"/><ref name="Capitalitate">{{cite web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2015-4328 |title=Ley 7/2015, de 31 de martio, per le qual es regulate le Statuto de Capitalitate de Mérida |publisher=[[Boletin Oficial del Stato]] |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref> Le [[Dia de Extremadura]] es celebrate le [[8 de septembre]], data associate con le festivitate de [[Nostre Seniora de Guadalupe]]. Extremadura ha un important production de energia electric, particularmente de origine solar.<ref name="AnnuarioEnergia">{{cite web |url=https://www.juntaex.es/documents/77055/5548153/Anuario_2025.pdf/ab27ff81-19b4-c9cc-b680-ddcfd99565cd |title=Annuario statistic 2025 |publisher=Junta de Extremadura |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref> Le region possede etiam recursos de [[lithium]], e plure projectos industrial ligate al exploitation del mineral e al fabrication de materiales pro batteries ha essite promovite o tramutate in Extremadura.<ref name="LithiumNavas">{{cite web |url=https://www.juntaex.es/w/doe-y-mina-litio |title=Projecto integral de aprovechamento de lithium in le mina Las Navas |publisher=Junta de Extremadura |date=30 de decembre 2022 |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref><ref name="LithiumMerida">{{cite web |url=https://doe.juntaex.es/otrosFormatos/html.php?anio=2025&doe=670o&xml=2025040039 |title=Decreto 19/2025: planta de fabrication de materiales pro cathodos de baterias de lithium ferrofosfato |publisher=Diario Oficial de Extremadura |date=7 de april 2025 |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref> == Historia == === Prehistoria === Le presentia human in le actual territorio de Extremadura es documentate desde le [[Paleolithico]]. Durante iste periodo, gruppos de chassatores e recollectores frequentava le vallatas fluvial e altere ambientes in cerca de aqua, alimento e materia prime. Le restos archeologic del Paleolithico consiste in grande parte in utensiles lithic, sovente trovate in depositos superficial o in relation con terrazas fluvial. Inter le zonas con importante concentration de sitios prehistoric se trova le ambientes del [[Guadiana]], [[Zújar]], [[Tago]], [[Alagón]] e [[Jerte]].<ref name="Cerrillo2011">{{cite journal|last=Cerrillo Cuenca|first=Enrique|title=Planteamientos y nuevos datos para la interpretación de los paisajes prehistóricos del sector extremeño del Tajo: el área de Alconétar|journal=Zephyrus|year=2011|url=https://gredos.usal.es/bitstream/10366/130414/1/Planteamientos_y_nuevos_datos_para_la_in.pdf}}</ref> ==== Paleolithico inferior ==== Le testos de presentia human le plus ancian in le actual territorio de Extremadura corresponde al [[Paleolithico inferior]]. In numerose depositos, in lor majoritate superficial, ha essite trovate grande quantitates de utensiles lithic, principalmente fabricate in [[cuarzita]] e, in minor grado, in granito e altere materias. Le technicas de fabrication consisteva in percuter un nucleo de petra con un percutor, generalmente de petra, pro obtener filos e instrumentos de differente formas. Inter le utensiles characteristic se trova instrumentos pro cortar, punctas, hachas, picos e, particularmente, [[bifaciale|bifaces]], [[divisor (archeologia)|divisores]] e picos trihedric. Le restos plus ancian es associate al [[Acheuliano]] e ha essite estimate in alcun sitios a circa 700 000 annos. Le depositos se trova frequentemente in proximitate de materias prime adequate pro le fabrication de utensiles o juxta fluvios e grande affluentias. Le zonas con importante concentration de sitios acheulian se trova in le environs de [[Mérida]], al curso del [[Guadiana]], in le valle del [[Zújar]], in le area del [[embalse de Valdecañas]] e in le vallatas del [[Alagón]] e del [[Jerte]], inter altere partes del territorio extremeño.<ref name="Cerrillo2011"/> Le distribution del sitios indica que le gruppos human utilisava diverse ambientes secundo le disponibilitate de aqua, materia prime e altere recursos. Le caracter superficial de multe del depositos rende tamen difficile determinar le contexto chronologic precise de tote le utensiles. ==== Paleolithico medie ==== Le [[Paleolithico medie]] es representate principalmente per sitios del [[Musteriense]]. Le utensiles de iste periodo esseva producite mediante technicas que permitteva al artifex de predeterminar in parte le forma del fragmento a extraher del nucleo lithic. Isto permitteva fabricar instrumentos plus standardisate e specialisate que multe del utensiles del Paleolithico inferior. Inter le formas characteristic se trova [[raschiato|raschiatores]], denticulates e punctas. Le instrumentos tende a esser plus diverse e sovente plus leve que le grandes bifaces e picos characteristic del Acheuliano. Le sitios musteriense es cognoscite in plure del mesme ambientes ubi on trova depositos acheulian, particularmente in le proximitate del fluvios. Tamen, ha essite identificate etiam occupationes in zonas basse e medie del sierras de [[Provincia de Badajoz|Badajoz]], lo que monstra un exploitation plus ample del territorio. Le distribution del sitios suggere un adaptation al differentes ambientes del region e un mobilitate importante del gruppos human.<ref name="Cerrillo2011"/> ==== Paleolithico superior ==== [[File:Cueva de Maltravieso 02.jpg|197px|right|thumb|Le caverna de Maltravieso, ubi un stencil de mano ha essite datate a un etate minimal de circa 66 700 annos.]] Le [[Paleolithico superior]] es le periodo traditionalmente associate al expansion de [[Homo sapiens]] in Europa. Tamen, le arte parietal de Extremadura ha apportate datos que ha obligate a reexaminar iste chronologia, particular-mente in le caso del [[Caverna de Maltravieso|caverna de Maltravieso]]. Le caverna de Maltravieso, in [[Cáceres]], contine stencils de manos, motivos geometric e altere manifestationes de arte parietal. Un stencil de mano ha essite datate per le methodo de [[uranio-torio]] a un etate minimal de 66 700 annos. Iste data es anterior al presentia cognoscite de [[Homo sapiens]] in le peninsula Iberic e ha conducite le autores del studio a concluder que le arte pote esser attribuite al [[Neanderthal|Neandertales]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Hoffmann|first=Dirk L.|last2=Standish|first2=Christopher D.|last3=García-Díez|first3=Marcos|last4=Pettitt|first4=Paul B.|last5=Milton|first5=James A.|last6=Zilhão|first6=João|last7=Alcolea-González|first7=José J.|last8=Cantalejo-Duarte|first8=Pedro|last9=Collado|first9=Hipólito|last10=de Balbín|first10=Rodrigo|last11=Lorblanchet|first11=Michel|last12=Ramos-Muñoz|first12=José|last13=Weniger|first13=Gerd-Christian|last14=Pike|first14=Alistair W. G.|title=U-Th dating of carbonate crusts reveals Neandertal origin of Iberian cave art|journal=Science|volume=359|issue=6378|pages=912–915|year=2018|doi=10.1126/science.aap7778|url=https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap7778}}</ref> Le arte de Maltravieso comprende plus de trenta representations de manos in negativo, in plure casos sin le digito auricular, insimul con figuras geometric e altere motivos. Le sito es assi un del centros importante pro le studio del prime arte parietal in Europa. Altere restos prehistoric del territorio include material lithic, osses e instrumentos fabricate con corna de animales. Inter le sitios archeologic mentionate se trova [[Cabezo de Galisteo]]. Le distribution de iste restos contribue al cognoscentia del exploitation del territorio per le communitates prehistoric. ==== Neolithico ==== Ben que le datos super le [[Epipaleolithico]] in le actual Extremadura es limitate, le [[Neolithico]] apportava transformationes importante al modo de vita del communitates human. Le cambios principal includeva le introduction progressive del [[agricultura]] e del [[allevamento]], que se addeva al chassa e al recollection ja practicante. Un altere innovation importante esseva le utilisation del [[ceramica]], que permitteva immagazinar e preparar productos e conservar excedentes.<ref name="Cerrillo2002">{{cite journal|last=Cerrillo Cuenca|first=Enrique|last2=Prada Gallardo|first2=Alicia|last3=González Cordero|first3=Antonio|last4=Heras Mora|first4=Francisco Javier|title=La secuencia cultural de las primeras sociedades productoras en Extremadura: una datación absoluta del yacimiento de Los Barruecos (Malpartida de Cáceres, Cáceres)|journal=Trabajos de Prehistoria|volume=59|issue=2|pages=101–111|year=2002|doi=10.3989/tp.2002.v59.i2.200|url=https://doi.org/10.3989/tp.2002.v59.i2.200}}</ref> [[File:Dolmen de Lácara (6901631891).jpg|thumb|left|Le [[dolmen del prato de Lácara]], 15 km al nord-est de Mérida, es un importante [[tumba de corredor|sepulcro de corredor]] de Extremadura.]] Le studios archeologic indica que le prime societates productrice esseva ja present in Extremadura durante le Neolithico antique. Le sito de [[Los Barruecos]], in [[Malpartida de Cáceres]], ha apportate datos importante super le occupation del region e le introduction del nove economia productrice.<ref name="Cerrillo2002"/> Inter le jacimentos representative del Neolithico in Extremadura se trova le [[caverna de la Charneca]] in [[Oliva de Mérida]], le [[collina de la Horca]] in [[Plasenzuela]], le [[caverna de Boquique]] in [[Plasencia]], le [[caverna de El Conejar]] in [[Cáceres]] e [[Los Barruecos]] in [[Malpartida de Cáceres]]. Los Barruecos es particularmente importante pro le evidentias de agricultura e pro le chronologia del prime societates productrice del region.<ref name="Cerrillo2002"/> Le ceramica decorate es ben representate in iste sitios. Un del varietates le plus cognoscite es le ceramica de [[Boquique]], denominate secundo le caverna de Boquique in Plasencia, ubi iste typo de decoration esseva documentate. A partir del Neolithico medie, le [[megalitismo]] se diffundeva in grande parte del region. Le assentamentos cognoscite es plus rare que le monumentos funerari, ma le concentration de [[dolmen]]es in certe partes de Extremadura es un del principales manifestationes archeologic del periodo. Conjunctos de sepulcros megalithic se trova particular-mente in [[Valencia de Alcántara]], [[Cedillo]], [[Santiago de Alcántara]] e [[Barcarrota]], alora que altere monumentos isolate ha grande interesse, como le [[dolmen del prato de Lácara]]. Le phenomeno megalithic se prolongava usque al initio del [[Etate del Bronzo]]. Le sepulturas pote includer microlithos de silex, ceramica e [[idolo-placa|idolos-placa]].<ref name="Cerrillo2011"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Dolmen de Lácara|publisher=Consorcio de la Ciudad Monumental de Mérida|url=https://www.consorciomerida.org/conjunto/monumentos/dolmenlacara|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026}}</ref> Le Neolithico final es melio documentate in le margines del [[Guadiana]], con jacimentos como [[Araya]] e [[El Lobo]], al quales se pote adder [[Los Caños de Zafra]]. Iste assentamentos se disveloppava desde circa 3500 a.Chr. e contribueva al transition verso le Chalcolithico. Lor situation es sovente associate a terras fertile, collinas suave e proximitate a cursos de aqua. Le economia de iste communitates habeva un forte character agricole e pecuari. Le ceramica esseva generalmente simple e pauc decorate, con formas characteristic como le «cassola carenate», cognoscite etiam in altere partes del sud-west del peninsula Iberic. Le similaritates inter iste sitios indica que Extremadura participava a un dynamica cultural regional plus ample, associate al incremento del population e al consolidation del agricultura e del allevamento.<ref name="Cerrillo2011"/> ==== Chalcolitico ==== Durante le [[Chalcolitico]], o Etate del Cupro, le communitates human del actual Extremadura continuava le developpamento del agricultura e del allevamento e initiava un exploitation plus sistematic del metalles. Le [[metallurgia]] del [[cupro]] es documentate desde le III millennio a.Chr., insimul con nove formas de organisation del habitation e del societate. Un del sitios le plus representative es [[Los Castillejos (Fuente de Cantos)|Los Castillejos]], presso [[Fuente de Cantos]], ubi ha essite identificate un assentamento chalcolithic e phases posterior. Le archeologia del sito monstra transformationes in le organisation del habitat e in le exploitation del recursos, associate al crescente complexitate del communitates.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Fernández Corrales|first=Juan Manuel|last2=Rodríguez Díaz|first2=Alfonso|last3=Sauceda Pizarro|first3=María Isabel|title=Los poblados calcolítico y prerromano de Los Castillejos (Fuente de Cantos, Badajoz)|journal=Extremadura Arqueológica|volume=1|year=1988|pages=69–88}}</ref> === Extremadura preroman === [[File:Museo Arqueológico Nacional - Conjunto 586 - Tesoro de Aliseda (Conjunto).jpg|thumb|[[Thesauro de Aliseda]], del seculo VI a.Chr., conservate al [[Museo Archeologic National (Espania)|Museo Archeologic National]].]] Durante le [[Etate del Bronzo]] e le [[Etate del Ferro]], le actual Extremadura esseva un zona de contacto inter diverse traditiones cultural del peninsula Iberic. Le populationes del region practicava agricultura, allevamento e metallurgia e manteneva relationes commercial e cultural con altere regiones del peninsula. Le fontes antique e le archeologia permitte identificar inter le populationes preroman le [[Vettones]], le [[Lusitanos]] e le [[Celtici]]. Le limites del territorios attribuite a iste gruppos es difficile a definir con precision e non corresponde al limites del actual Extremadura. Le [[Vettones]] habitava un ample territorio del centro-occidente peninsular, includente le nord del actual [[Provincia de Cáceres|Cáceres]] e zonas del actual [[Salamanca]], [[Ávila]] e [[Toledo]]. Lor cultura archeologic es associate, inter altere elementos, al grande esculturas de bovinos e porcos cognoscite como [[verraco|verracos]]. Le [[Lusitanos]] occupava un territorio extendite al occidental del peninsula Iberic, inter le Tago e le centro de Portugal. Illes esseva implicate in varie conflictos con Roma durante le II seculo a.Chr. Le leader lusitan le plus celebre esseva [[Viriato]], qui dirigeva durante plure annos le resistentia contra le expansion roman. In le sud-west se trovava le [[Celtici]], associate per le autores antique a un cultura de character celtic. Lor territorio se extendava verso le actual [[Andalusia]] e le sud de Portugal e manteneva relationes con le regiones del valle del [[Guadalquivir]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Berrocal-Rangel|first=Luis|title=Los pueblos célticos del Suroeste de la Península Ibérica|journal=Complutum|year=1992}}</ref> === Extremadura roman === [[File:Teatro de Mérida, España, 2017 18.jpg|thumb|left|Le [[Theatro roman de Mérida]], erigite in le seculo I a.Chr. e renovate in le seculo IV p.Chr.]] Le conquista roman del actual Extremadura esseva un processo progressive que se disveloppava principalmente inter le II e le I seculos a.Chr. Le territorio esseva incorporate al [[Hispania Ulterior]] e, durante le reorganisations administrative de [[Augusto]], grande parte del actual Extremadura esseva integrate in le nove provincia de [[Lusitania]]. [[Emerita Augusta]] esseva fundate in 25 a.Chr. per ordine de Augusto pro le veteranos del legiones [[Legio V Alaudae|V Alaudae]] e [[Legio X Gemina|X Gemina]]. Le citate deveniva le capital de Lusitania e un del principal centros politic, administrative, economic e cultural del occidental del Imperio roman.<ref>{{cite web|title=Conjunto Arqueológico de Mérida|publisher=Ministerio de Cultura|url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/patrimonio/mc/patrimoniomundial/bienes-declarados/por-ano-de-inscripcion/1993/merida.html|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260914005129/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/patrimonio/mc/patrimoniomundial/bienes-declarados/por-ano-de-inscripcion/1993/merida.html|archivedate=2026-09-14|accessdate=2026-09-13}}</ref> Le romanisation transformava profundemente le territorio. Se construeva un rete de vias, pontes e altere infrastructuras, e se disveloppava numerose centros urban. Inter illos se distingueva [[Emerita Augusta]], [[Norba Caesarina]], [[Cáparra]], [[Augustobriga]] e [[Iulipa]]. [[File:El puente de Alcántara, Cáceres.jpg|thumb|[[Ponte de Alcántara|Ponte roman de Alcántara]] super le Tago, del seculo II p.Chr.]] Le [[Vía de la Plata|Via del Argente]] constitueva un del principal axes viari del occidental peninsular. Illa ligava le area de Emerita Augusta al nord del peninsula e permetteva le communication con altere citates. Altere vias conduceva verso [[Corduba]], [[Olisipo]] e [[Conimbriga]]. Le [[Ponte de Alcántara]], super le Tago, esseva un del obras le plus monumentales del rete viari roman. Emerita Augusta attingeva un grande prosperitate. Le citate possedeva un theatro, un amphitheatro, un circo, pontes, aqueductos, templos e altere edificios public. Le [[circo roman de Mérida]] poteva accollier un numero importante de spectatores e demonstra le rolo del spectaculos in le vita urban roman.<ref>{{cite book|last=Álvarez Martínez|first=José María|title=El conjunto arqueológico de Mérida|publisher=Ministerio de Cultura|year=1982}}</ref> Le [[latino]] deveniva le lingua del administration e del vita public, e le institutiones roman, le derecto e le modellos urban se diffundeva progressivemente. Le romanisation non esseva tamen un processo instantanee e traditiones local continuava a existir insimul con le nove formas roman.<ref>{{cite book|last=Alarcão|first=Jorge de|title=Roman Portugal|publisher=Aris & Phillips|year=1988}}</ref> In le seculo III, le crise politic e economic del Imperio affectava etiam le citates del occidental. Le fortification del centros urban se intensificava e certe partes del territorio videva un reduction del activitate urban. Mérida, Cáceres e Coria conservava tamen importantia durante le periodo tarde-roman. Le seculo IV esseva un periodo de importante transformationes religiose. Le christianismo se diffundeva e Mérida deveniva un del centros ecclesiastic le plus importante del peninsula Iberic. In le seculo V, le disintegration del autoritate imperial in le occidental Imperio roman facilitava le installation de nove potentias politic. Le territorio esseva traversate e occupate per le [[Alanos]], le [[Suevos]] e, ulteriormente, le [[Visigothos]]. Alcun citates roman declinava o esseva transformate, durante que altere centros continuava a esser habitate.<ref>{{cite book|last=Alarcão|first=Jorge de|title=Roman Portugal|publisher=Aris & Phillips|year=1988}}</ref> === Medievo === [[File:Santa Lucía de El Trampal.jpg|thumb|[[Ecclesia de Santa Lucía del Trampal]] in [[Alcuéscar]], edificio de epocha visigothic o tardo-antique.]] Con le conquista musulman del peninsula Iberic in le initio del seculo VIII, le territorio extremeñese esseva incorporate a [[al-Andalus]]. [[Mérida]] esseva occupate in 713 e deveniva un importante centro administrative del occidental peninsular. Le territorio esseva organisate in divisiones administrative que cambiava durante le evolution politic de al-Andalus.<ref>{{cite web|title=Época islámica-Medieval|publisher=Museo Nacional de Arte Romano|url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/mnromano/ca/investigacion/rbae/islam.html|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260913134427/https://www.cultura.gob.es/mnromano/ca/investigacion/rbae/islam.html|archivedate=2026-09-13|accessdate=2026-09-13}}</ref> Durante le periodo del [[Califato de Córdoba]], Mérida conservava un importante rolo, ben que le centro de gravitate politic del area se desplazava progressivemente verso [[Badajoz]]. Post le cadita del califato in 1031, se formava le [[Taifa de Badajoz]], un del plus importante regnos taifa del peninsula. [[File:Badajoz, Torre Espantaperros 01-1.jpg|thumb|[[Torre de Espantaperros]], in le [[alcazaba de Badajoz]], del periodo almohade.]] Le periodo musulman lassava numerose vestigios in Extremadura. Inter le plus importante se trova le [[Alcazaba de Mérida]], le [[alcazaba de Badajoz]], le fortification de [[Alange]], le fortificationes de [[Trujillo (Cáceres)|Trujillo]], le [[Palacio de las Veletas|cisterna de Cáceres]] e le murallas de [[Galisteo]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Época islámica-Medieval|publisher=Museo Nacional de Arte Romano|url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/mnromano/ca/investigacion/rbae/islam.html|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260913134427/https://www.cultura.gob.es/mnromano/ca/investigacion/rbae/islam.html|archivedate=2026-09-13|accessdate=2026-09-13}}</ref> Durante le [[Reconquista]], le regnos christian de [[Leon]], [[Castilia]] e [[Portugal]] se expandava verso le sud. Le territorio del actual Extremadura deveniva un importante zona de frontiera inter iste potentias. ;Extremadura leonese Le [[Regno de Leon]] reconquistava progressive-mente grande parte del occidental e centro del actual Extremadura. Le 17 de januario de 1213, [[Alfonso IX de León|Alfonso IX]] conquistava [[Alcántara]]. Le citate deveniva ulteriormente un del centros del [[Ordine de Alcántara]], un ordine militar que possedeva vaste territorios in le region.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Agut|first=Nieves|title=800 años de reconquista de Alcántara|journal=El Periódico de Extremadura|date=27 de enero de 2013|url=http://www.elperiodicoextremadura.com/noticias/extremadura/800-anos-reconquista-alcantara_708679.html|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026}}</ref> In 1229 Alfonso IX conquistava [[Cáceres]], post varie tentativas anterior. Le 19 de martio de 1230 le forces leonese prendeva [[Badajoz]] e [[Mérida]]. In 1233, un armea ducite per [[Fernán Ruiz]] conquistava [[Trujillo]] del [[Almohades|Almohades]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Ruíz Moreno|first=Manuel Jesús|title=XLIII Coloquios Históricos de Extremadura|date=28 de septembre de 2014|isbn=978-84-608-1848-9|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/congreso/115|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026}}</ref> Le territorio leonese esseva organisate mediante ''[[fuero]]s'', concejos e possessiones del ordines militar. Le termino «Extremadura» esseva empleate in le regno de Leon pro referer a territorios meridional del regno, ben que su signification e limites cambiava secundo le epocha.<ref name="MartinezDiaz">{{cite journal|last=Martínez Díaz|first=Gonzalo|title=Génesis histórica de las Provincias españolas|journal=Anuario de historia del derecho español|year=1981|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=134426|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026}}</ref> Post le union del regnos de Leon e Castilia in 1230, le territorio esseva incorporate al [[Corona de Castilia]]. Badajoz manteneva un importante rolo territorial e juridic e esseva etiam denominate «regno de Badajoz» in certe documentos e titulos del monarchia.<ref name="MartinezDiaz"/> ;Extremadura castilian [[File:Plasencia muralla parte sur.JPG|thumb|[[Muro de Plasencia]], del seculo XII.]] Le [[Regno de Castilia]] se expandava etiam verso le actual Extremadura. In 1186 le rege [[Alfonso VIII de Castilla|Alfonso VIII]] fundava [[Plasencia]], con le objective de fortificar le frontiera meridional del regno e controlar le communicationes verso le [[Valle del Jerte]] e le [[Sistema Central]]. Le termino «Extremadura» esseva empleate etiam in Castilia pro designar territorios multo plus grande que le actual communitate autonome. Durante le Medievo, le Extremadura castilian poteva referer a territorios extendite in le interior del peninsula, includente comunidades de villa e tierra, vicariatos e territorios ecclesiastic. Le uso medieval del termino non debe esser confundite con le actual limites administrative de Extremadura.<ref name="MartinezDiaz"/> ==== Provincia de Estremadura ==== {{Vide etiam|Provincia de Estremadura|Extremadurano}} Durante le ultime seculos del Medievo e le initio del Etate Moderne, le territorio del actual Extremadura se consolidava progressivemente como un espace regional intra le Corona de Castilia. Le organisation institutional remaneva tamen complexe, con territorio dividite inter provincias, ordines militar, jurisdictones ecclesiastic e señorios. Le seculos XIV e XV esseva marcate per le consolidation del monarchia, le organisation del jurisdictones e le importantia del ordines militar e del grande dominos territorial. Le territorio esseva etiam un zona de contacto inter [[christianismo]], [[judaismo]] e [[islam]]. Post le conquest de [[Granada]] in 1492, le monarchia catholic introducerea nove politicas religiose. Le judeos esseva expulse del regnos christian e le musulmanes esseva progressivemente subjectate a conversiones forciate. Le musulmanes convertite, cognoscite como [[Moriscos|moriscos]], remaneva in Espania usque al expulsion general inter 1609 e 1614.<ref>{{cite book|last=Suárez|first=Luis|title=La expulsión de los moriscos, un problema europeo|date=2012|publisher=Ariel|location=Madrid|isbn=9788434400252|page=11}}</ref> Un facto importante del religiositate regional esseva le developpamento del culto al [[Virgine de Guadalupe (Espania)|Virgine de Guadalupe]]. Le sanctuario de Guadalupe deveniva un importante centro de peregrination e un del principales centros religiose del Castilia del tarde medioevo.<ref>{{cite web|last=Asensio|first=Manuel S.|title=Leyenda de la Virgen de Guadalupe|work=Revista de Guadalupe|year=1907|url=https://alcazaba.unex.es/~emarnun/docs/caceres/lasvilluer/guadalu3.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712074458/http://alcazaba.unex.es/~emarnun/docs/caceres/lasvilluer/guadalu3.htm|archive-date=12 de julio de 2012|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026}}</ref> === Epocha Moderne === ==== Seculo XVI ==== [[File:Concatedral de Caceres.JPG|thumb|[[Concatedral de Santa María de Cáceres|Concatedral de Santa Maria]], in le centro historic de [[Cáceres]], un del conjunctos historic le plus importante del region.]] {{Vide etiam|Recinto abaluartado de Badajoz}} Le seculo XVI esseva un del periodos le plus importante del historia de Extremadura. Le expansion del monarchia hispanic in America aperiva nove vias de migration e mobilitate social. Numerose personas originari del region partiva verso le nove colonias e participava al conquista, colonisation e administration del territorios american.<ref>{{cite book|last=Altman|first=Ida|title=Emigrants and Society: Extremadura and the Spanish Colonies in America|url=https://archive.org/details/emigrantssociety00altm|publisher=University of California Press|year=1989}}</ref> Inter le personas originari de Extremadura le plus celebre se trova [[Hernán Cortés]], qui participava al conquista del [[Imperio azteca]]; [[Francisco Pizarro]], un del principales leaders del conquista del [[Imperio inca]]; [[Pedro de Valdivia]], conquistator de [[Chile]]; [[Ñuflo de Chaves]], explorator e conquistator in le actual [[Paraguay]] e [[Bolivia]]; [[Alonso de Mendoza]], fundator de [[La Paz]] in Bolivia; e [[Diego García de Paredes]], associate al fundation de [[Trujillo (Venezuela)|Trujillo]] in Venezuela. Illes esseva accompaniate per numerose colonos, administratores, soldatos e emigrantes de origine extremeña.<ref>{{cite book|last=Altman|first=Ida|title=Emigrants and Society: Extremadura and the Spanish Colonies in America|url=https://archive.org/details/emigrantssociety00altm|publisher=University of California Press|year=1989}}</ref> [[File:Plaza Mayor de Trujillo - 01.jpg|thumb|left|Plaza Major de [[Trujillo (Cáceres)|Trujillo]], con le statua de [[Francisco Pizarro]].]] Le [[Censo de Pecheros]] de [[Carlos I de España|Carlos I]], elaborate in le decennio de 1520, includeva le territorio extremeño inter le principal areas fiscal del Corona de Castilia. Le cifra de 48 789 [[Pechero|vicinos pecheros]] e le percentual de 6,75 % del population del Corona debe esser presentate como datos del censo e non como un estimation moderne del population total.<ref>{{cite web|author=Instituto Nacional de Estadística|title=Censo de Pecheros de Carlos I|year=2008|url=https://www.ine.es/prodyser/pubweb/censo_pecheros/tomo2.pdf}}</ref> Le [[Libro de los millones|Censo del Millones]] de 1591 recognosceva le [[Provincia de Trujillo]] como un del provincias del Corona. Le majoritate del localitates del actual Extremadura pertineva a iste provincia, durante que altere territorios esseva incorporate a le provincias de Salamanca e León o a jurisdictones del [[Ordine de Santiago]]. Le provincia de Trujillo non habeva un voto proprie in le [[Cortes de Castilla]] e su representation esseva associate al de Salamanca.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Sánchez Marroyo|first=Fernando|title=Estructura político-institucional de Extremadura (1808-1874)|journal=Revista de estudios extremeños|volume=69|number=1|pages=141–206|year=2013|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4228961}}</ref> In 1580, post le extinction del linea masculine del Casa de Aviz, [[Felipe II de España|Felipe II]] esseva recognoscite como rege de Portugal. Le union dynastic reuniva le coronas de Castilia e Portugal sub le mesme monarcha, durante que Portugal conservava su leges, institutiones e imperio proprie. Le position de Extremadura al frontiera con Portugal acquireva nove importantia. Citates como [[Badajoz]] deveniva importante centros militar e logistic. Le situation cambiava radicalmente in 1640, quando Portugal se rebellava contra le monarchia hispanic e comenciava le [[Guerra de Restauration Portugese]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Sánchez Marroyo|first=Fernando|title=Estructura político-institucional de Extremadura (1808-1874)|journal=Revista de estudios extremeños|volume=69|number=1|pages=141–206|year=2013|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4228961}}</ref> ==== Seculos XVII e XVIII ==== [[File:Puerta Palmas.JPG|thumb|[[Puerta de Palmas]], Badajoz.]] [[File:Mapa de la provincia de Estremadura (1766).jpg|thumb|Mappa del «provincia de Estremadura» in 1766.]] Le [[Guerra de Restauration Portugese]] (1640–1668) transformava profundemente le vita del region. Extremadura deveniva un importante frontiera militar e suffreva destructiones, depopulation, requisitiones de recursos e interruptiones del agricultura e del commercio. Le proximitate de Portugal significava que numerose citates e villas esseva directemente implicate in le guerra. Le frontiera esseva fortificate e le stationamento de truppas deveniva un carga importante pro le population local. Post le pace de 1668, le frontiera remaneva militarmente strategic e le consequencias economic e demographic del guerra se prolongava durante annos.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Sánchez Marroyo|first=Fernando|title=Estructura político-institucional de Extremadura (1808-1874)|journal=Revista de estudios extremeños|volume=69|number=1|pages=141–206|year=2013|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4228961}}</ref> In 1653, Extremadura obteneva un derecto de voto in le [[Cortes de Castilla]]. Le acquisition esseva associate al initiative de [[Plasencia]] e costa 80 000 [[ducato]]s. Isto permitteva al provincia de disponer de representation distincte de Salamanca.<ref>{{cite web|last=Clemente Campos|first=María Belén|title=La adquisición del privilegio del voto por la "provincia" de Extremadura|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=119318|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026}}</ref> Pauc decennios post le fin del guerra con Portugal, Extremadura esseva implicate in le [[Guerra de succession espaniol]] (1701–1714). Le frontiera portugese esseva de novo un importante teatro de operationes. [[Badajoz]] e altere localitates suffreva assedios e destructiones, e le [[ponte de Ajuda]] super le Guadiana esseva destruite in 1709. Durante le seculo XVIII, le monarchia borbonic initiava reformas administrative e militar que afficeva etiam Extremadura. Le character de frontiera remaneva importante, ma le administration deveniva progressivemente plus centralisate. === Etate Contemporanee === ==== Seculo XIX ==== [[File:Battle of Albuhera, by William Barnes Wollen.jpg|thumb|Soldatos britannic in le [[Battalia de La Albuera (1811)|Battalia de La Albuera]], le 16 de maio de 1811. Pictura a oleo de [[William Barnes Wollen]] (1912).]] Durante le [[Guerra de Independentia Espaniol]] (1808–1814), Extremadura registrava un nove periodo de guerra, destruction e penuria. Su position geographic inter Portugal, le centro del peninsula e le frontiera occidental faceva del region un importante zona strategic pro le truppas francese e le forces espaniol, britannic e portugese.<ref>{{cite book|title=Correspondencia del Duque de Wellington 1799–1815|publisher=Universitate de Oxford|url=https://books.google.es/books?id=DX8BAAAAQAAJ}}</ref> Le guerra aggravava le crise economic e demographic ja existente. Le occupation, le requisitiones, le destruction del recoltas e le epidemias affectava le population rural. In 1809, le truppas francese occideva [[Juan Álvarez de Castro]], episcopo de [[Coria]], in [[Hoyos (Cáceres)|Hoyos]], un del episodios note del repression francese in le region.<ref>{{cite book|title=Historia del levantamiento, Guerra y Revolución de España|last=Queipo de Llano|first=José María|year=1835|page=64|url=https://books.google.es/books?id=yeoaAAAAYAAJ}}</ref> In 1810 le administration francese divideva le territorio in le prefecturas de [[Cáceres]] e [[Mérida]]. Durante le processo liberal de organisation territorial, le duo provincias de [[Provincia de Cáceres|Cáceres]] e [[Provincia de Badajoz|Badajoz]] esseva establite in 1822. Le reforma administrative de 1833, promovite per [[Javier de Burgos]], confirmava le duo provincias, que deveniva le base territorial del Extremadura moderne.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Sánchez Marroyo|first=Fernando|title=Estructura político-institucional de Extremadura (1808-1874)|journal=Revista de estudios extremeños|volume=69|number=1|pages=141–206|year=2013|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4228961}}</ref> ==== Seculo XX ==== Le initio del seculo XX esseva marcate per le forte character rural del economia extremeña, le concentration del proprietate agrari e le question del accesso al terra. Iste problemas contribuiva al developpamento del [[regionalismo extremaduran]] e de movimentos social e politic que reclamava reformas agrari e un melior distribution del proprietate. Le medico e pensator [[Antonio Elviro]] es un del figuras associate al prime regionalismo extremeñese. In le campo literari, autores como [[Luis Chamizo]] e [[José María Gabriel y Galán]] usava formas linguistic e temas associate al vita rural del region.<ref>{{cite book|last=García Pérez|first=Juan|title=Entre la frustración y la esperanza: una historia del regionalismo extremeño|publisher=Biblioteca Nueva|year=1999}}</ref> Le 25 de martio de 1936, in le quadro del conflicto agrari del [[Secunde Republica Espaniol]], decenas de milles de campesinos participava in occupationes de terras in numerose localitates de Extremadura. Secundo le fontes dedicate al evento, circa 60 000 campesinos esseva organisate in plus de 280 pueblos e occupava terras pro demandar le application del reforma agrari.<ref>{{cite book|last=Espinosa|first=Francisco|title=El día que se levantó Extremadura. Veinticinco de marzo de 1936|date=2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Extremadura: Veinticinco de Marzo de 1936. El día se levantó Extremadura|publisher=Dialnet|year=2020|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/libro?codigo=854018|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026}}</ref> [[File:Campesinos de Extremadura.jpg|thumb|Paisanos extremaduran durante le periodo del Secunde Republica Espaniol.]] In julio 1936 comenciava le [[Guerra Civil Espaniol]]. Le forces insurgente que arrivava del sud traversava rapidemente Extremadura durante lor avance verso Madrid. In augusto occurreva le [[masacre de Badajoz]], un del episodios le plus grave del repression durante le guerra. Le numero exacte del victimas es objecto de debate historiographic e le estimativas varia secundo le fontes; le repression esseva tamen ample e affectava le population civil e le prisioneros. Le cifra non debe esser presentate como un dato proveniente del censo de population de 1930, que naturalmente non documenta le victimas del massacre. Le secunde medietate del seculo XX esseva marcate per un grande [[exodo rural]]. Durante le periodo del developpamento economic espaniol del annos 1950–1970, centos de milles de habitantes abandonava Extremadura pro cercar travalio e melior conditiones de vita in altere regiones espaniol, specialmente in [[Communitate de Madrid|Madrid]], [[Pais Basc]] e [[Catalonia]], e in paises europee como [[Francia]] e [[Germania]]. Le migration contribuiva al depopulation de numerose zonas rural e al vieillissement del population regional.<ref>{{cite book|last=García Pérez|first=Juan|title=Entre la frustración y la esperanza: una historia del regionalismo extremeño|publisher=Biblioteca Nueva|year=1999}}</ref> Le question del disveloppamento regional remaneva central durante le ultime decennios del dictatura. Un del principales conflictos regional esseva le opposition al projecto del [[Central Nuclear de Valdecaballeros]]. Le projecto esseva finalemente paralysate e le paralisation definitive esseva establite per le Lege 40/1994 del 30 de decembre. Con le [[Transition espaniol verso le democratia]], Extremadura initiava un nove phase politic e institutional. Le [[Estatuto de Autonomia de Extremadura]] esseva approbate per le [[Cortes Generales]] mediante le Lege Organica 1/1983 del 25 de februario. Le lege esseva publicate in le ''Boletín Oficial del Estado'' le 26 de februario e entrava in vigor le 27 de februario. Le Statuto constituiva Extremadura como communitate autonome e establiva que su territorio comprende le municipios del provincias de Badajoz e Cáceres. Illo fixava [[Mérida]] como capital e sede del [[Junta de Extremadura]] e del [[Assemblea de Extremadura]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Lei Organica 1/1983, del 25 de februario, de Statuto de Autonomia de Extremadura|publisher=Boletín Oficial del Estado|url=https://www.boe.es/eli/es/lo/1983/02/25/1/con|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026}}</ref> Le 8 de maio de 1983 occurreva le prime electiones al [[Assemblea de Extremadura]]. Le [[PSOE]] obteneva le majoritate absolute e [[Juan Carlos Rodríguez Ibarra]] deveniva le prime presidente del Junta de Extremadura. Le 8 de septembre de 1985 esseva celebrate le prime [[Die de Extremadura]] institutional in [[Guadalupe (Cáceres)|Guadalupe]]. In 1986, le [[Cáceres|Citate vetule de Cáceres]] esseva inscribite in le Lista del [[Patrimonio del Humanitate]] del [[UNESCO]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Old Town of Cáceres|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/384|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026}}</ref> ==== Seculo XXI ==== Le initio del seculo XXI esseva marcate per le consolidation del institutiones autonome, le developpamento del infrastructuras e le transformation del economia regional. Le [[Junta de Extremadura]] assumeva nove competentias in areas como education, sanitate, agricultura, infrastructuras e cultura. Le 25 de maio de 2003 occurreva electiones al [[Assemblea de Extremadura]], con un nove victoria del [[PSOE]]. Le 31 de julio de 2004, le presidente del Governamento [[José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero]] presentava in Mérida un plano de dynamisation economic e employment dedicate al region. In 2005 comenciava le emissiones del television e del radio public autonome, [[Canal Extremadura TV]] e [[Canal Extremadura Radio]]. Le 19 de septembre de 2006, post 23 annos como presidente del Junta, [[Juan Carlos Rodríguez Ibarra]] annunciava que ille non se presentarea como candidato al successive electiones regional. Le cambio de leadership marcava un nove phase del politica extremeña. Durante le seculo XXI, le region continuava a confrontar le problemas historic de depopulation rural e envejecimento demographic, ma etiam experientiava transformationes in le agricultura, le energia, le turismo e le servicios. Le disveloppamento del energia renovabile deveniva un del nove sectores importante del economia regional. In le campo cultural e linguistic, cresceva le interesse pro le varietates linguistic traditional del region. Le [[Estremeñu]], le [[Fala]] e le varietates extremeño-portugese e extremeño-oriental esseva subjecto a crescente attention cultural e academic. Le 18 de augusto de 2018 esseva celebrate pro le prime vice le [[Die del Linguas de Extremadura]], dedicate al patrimonio linguistic del communitate.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eldiario.es/extremadura/sociedad/estremenu-reivindica-europeo-prestigioso-minoritarios_1_2087172.html|title=Expertos international appoya le ‘Estremeñu’ como un lingua|access-date=13 de septembre de 2026|last=Conde|first=Jesús|date=10 de junio de 2018|website=ElDiario.es|language=es}}</ref> Le historia recente de Extremadura es assi marcate per le transition de un societate majoritariemente rural verso un economia plus diversificate, le consolidation del autonomia regional e le effortios persistente pro affrontar le depopulation e le disparitates economic intra le region. == Geographia == Le [[superficie (mathematica)|superficie]] de Extremadura es de circa 41 634 km², lo que la situa inter le plus grande [[communidades autonome de Espania|communitates autonome]] de Espania per superficie. Le duo provincias que la compone —[[Provincia de Cáceres|Cáceres]] e [[Provincia de Badajoz|Badajoz]]— es le plus grande del pais per superficie. Extremadura limita al nord con le provincias de [[Provincia de Salamanca|Salamanca]] e [[Provincia de Ávila|Ávila]] ([[Castilla y León]]), al est con [[Provincia de Toledo|Toledo]] e [[Provincia de Ciudad Real|Ciudad Real]] ([[Castilla-La Mancha]]), al sud con [[Provincia de Huelva|Huelva]], [[Provincia de Sevilla|Sevilla]] e [[Provincia de Córdoba (Espania)|Córdoba]] ([[Andalusia]]), e al west con [[Portugal]]. === Relievo === [[File:La-vera.JPG|thumb|[[Sierra de Gredos]] in su versante extremaduran]] Extremadura se situa principalemente in le grande [[bacino hydrographic]] del [[Fluvio Tago|Tago]] al nord e in illo del [[Fluvio Guadiana|Guadiana]] al centro e al sud. Le major parte del territorio appartene a iste duo bacinos, ben que alcun areas marginale del nord e del sud versa verso le [[Fluvio Duero|Duero]] e le [[Fluvio Guadalquivir|Guadalquivir]]. Le major parte del territorio corresponde al zoclo paleozoic del [[Maciço iberic]], sur le qual se developpa vaste penillanuras, serras e depressiones sedimentari. Le [[granito]] e le [[pizarra (roca)|pizarra]] es roccas multo diffuse, e in numerose sectores le rios ha excavate valles profundemente incastrate. Le principal conjuntos montaniose es le [[Sistema Central]] al nord, le [[Montes de Toledo]] in le centro e [[Sierra Morena]] al sud. Inter illos se extende vaste superficies de penillanura. In le serras interior le relievo presenta frequentemente formas de typo [[Relievo apalachense|apalachense]], particularmente ben conservate in [[Las Villuercas]]. Le elevationes maxime se trova in le [[Sistema Central]], al limite inter Extremadura e Castilla y León. Le puncto le plus alte de Extremadura es le [[Calvitero]], con circa 2400 m. [[La Covacha]], con 2395 m, es un del culmines le plus alte del communitate. Inter le altere elevationes importante se trova La Nijarra (2214 m), Peludillo (2250 m), Alto del Horco (2162 m) e Mesas Altas (2070 m). In le [[Montes de Toledo]], le [[pic Villuercas]] attinge circa 1600 m e constitue le maxime elevation del massivo de [[Las Villuercas]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Plan Territorial del Valle del Jerte |url=https://sitex.juntaex.es/SITEX/files/JERTE_AI/PT_Jerte_AInicial_sellado_ISA_I.pdf |publisher=Junta de Extremadura}}</ref> Le relievo actual es le resultato de un historia geologic longe e complexe. Le materiales del zoclo paleozoic esseva affectate principalemente per le [[Orogenia varisca|orogenia varisca]], postea erosate e dismanteallate durante le [[Permiano]] e le [[Mesozoico]]. Durante le [[Orogenia alpina]] le blocos del zoclo esseva reactivitate e elevate o affundite, contribuente al formation del actual serras e depressiones.<ref name="vera2004-01">{{cite book |author=Vera, J. A.; Ancoechea E.; Barnolas, A.; Bea, F.; Calvo, J. P.; Civis, J.; Vicente, G. de; Fernández-Giannotti, J.; García Cortés, A.; Pérez Estaún, A.; Pujalte, V.; Rodríguez Fernández, L. R.; Sopeña, A.; Tejero, R. |year=2004 |chapter=Introduction |editor=Vera Torres, J. A. |title=Geología de España |publisher=Sociedad Geológica de España e Instituto Geológico y Minero de España |pages=1–17 |isbn=84-7840-546-1}}</ref> In le sector nord-occidental del region se succede le [[sierra de Gata]], [[Las Hurdes]], le conjunto de [[Traslasierra]] e le [[valle del Jerte]], [[La Vera]] e le depressiones associate al Tago. Le valles del [[Fluvio Tiétar|Tiétar]], [[Fluvio Alagón|Alagón]], [[Fluvio Jerte|Jerte]] e [[Fluvio Árrago|Árrago]] contribue a structurar iste paisage. Le vega de [[Moraleja]] se trova al pede del [[sierra de Gata]] e es irrigate per le Árrago. Plus al sud se extende le vega de [[Coria]] e [[Galisteo]], associate al Alagón. Plus al nord-est se trova le depression occupate per le [[embalse de Gabriel y Galán]], durante que le [[valle del Tiétar]] e [[Campo Arañuelo]] forma le grande depression al sud del [[Sierra de Gredos|Gredos]]. In le centro del region predomina le [[penillanura]], un superficie extensive e levemente undulate formate sur le zoclo paleozoic. Le cursos fluvial ha incastrate lor valles in iste superficie. In le penillanura central on distingue, inter altere sectores, le [[Llanos del Salor]] e le [[Tierras de Cáceres e Trujillo]]. Le erosion del granito ha producite formas characteristic como [[berrocal|berrocales]], bolos, tors e [[roca caballera|roccas caballeras]]. [[File:Magacela fields (20999978199).jpg|thumb|Campos de cultivo in [[Magacela]]]] Le [[Montes de Toledo]] forma in le centro-oriente del region un serie de serras de direction general occidental-oriental. In Extremadura lor principales conjuntos es [[Las Villuercas]], le [[sierra de Montánchez]] e le [[Sierra de San Pedro (Extremadura)|sierra de San Pedro]]. Le Villuercas presenta un serie de serras parallel con orientation general nord-west–sud-est e un relievo fortemente incastrate. Le [[sierra de Altamira]] constitue in parte le limite con le provincia de Toledo. Montánchez se trova inter le Villuercas e San Pedro, durante que le sierra de San Pedro es le plus occidental del tres. [[File:Sierra de las Villuercas 1.jpg|thumb|[[Sierra de las Villuercas]]]] Le [[Vegas del Guadiana]] forma un altere grande sector de bassas terras sedimentari. In le vicinity de [[Mérida (Espania)|Mérida]] on distingue traditionalmente le [[Vegas Altas]] al est e le [[Vegas Bajas]] al west, usque a [[Badajoz]]. Le solos alluvial del valle es particularmente importante pro le agricultura irrigate. Al west de Badajoz le Guadiana se dirige verso Portugal e le paisage passa gradualmente al penillanura. Al sud de Extremadura le penillanura se extende verso le [[Tierra de Barros]], le [[La Serena (Badajoz)|La Serena]] e [[Sierra Morena]]. Le Tierra de Barros es un depression basse con solos argillose, particularmente importante pro le agricultura circa [[Almendralejo]]. La Serena, inter le [[Fluvio Zújar|Zújar]] e le [[Fluvio Guadamez|Guadamez]], es un vaste paisage de penillanura e [[glacis]]. Plus al sud, Sierra Morena forma le transition verso le [[valle del Guadalquivir]]. ==== Systemas montaniose ==== Al nord del communitate se eleva le [[Sistema Central]], con le [[sierra de Gredos]], le [[sierra de Béjar (sierra)|sierra de Béjar]] e le [[sierra de Gata]]. Le Calvitero es le puncto le plus alte de Extremadura, con circa 2400 m. Le [[La Covacha|Covacha]] attinge 2395 m e es un del culmines le plus alte del communitate. In le centro-oriente se trova le conjuntos del [[Montes de Toledo]], specialmente [[Las Villuercas]], le [[sierra de Montánchez]] e le [[Sierra de San Pedro (Extremadura)|sierra de San Pedro]]. Al sud, [[Sierra Morena]] forma le principal cadena montaniose e le limite physic con Andalusia. === Hydrographia === [[File:RíoIbor.jpg|thumb|[[Fluvio Ibor|Fluvio Ibor]] durante su passage per [[Bohonal de Ibor]]]] [[File:Garganta Mayor.jpg|thumb|Garganta Mayor de [[Garganta la Olla]], in le [[sierra de Tormantos]]]] Le reticulo hydrographic de Extremadura es dominate per le bacinos del [[Fluvio Tago|Tago]] e del [[Fluvio Guadiana|Guadiana]]. Alcun parve sectores del territorio appartene al [[Fluvio Duero|Duero]] al nord e al [[Fluvio Guadalquivir|Guadalquivir]] al sud. Le major parte del aquas del communitate termina dunque in le [[Oceano Atlantic|Atlantico]]. Le rios extremaduran presenta un regime mediterranee, con debit generalmente plus alte durante le hiberno e le primavera e un forte [[estiaje]] durante le estate. Le precipitationes es irregular e varia fortemente secundo le altitude e le exposition. Numerose reservoirs regula le fluxo del Tago, del Guadiana e de lor tributarios. Illos servi pro irrigation, production hydroelectric e abastecimento de aqua. Extremadura non possede grande [[lago]]s natural. In vice, le [[dehesa]] es punctuate per numerose charcas e parve massas de aqua, multe de illos artificial, que ha un importantia ecologic como habitat pro aves, amphibios e altere fauna. ==== Bassino del Tago ==== Le [[Fluvio Tago|Tago]] es le principal fluvio del provincia de [[Cáceres]]. Il nasce in le [[Montes Universales]], in le provincia de Teruel, e desemboca in le [[Oceano Atlantic|Atlantico]] per un grande estuario apud [[Lisbona]]. Intra in Extremadura al est del provincia de Cáceres e traversa le region de est a west. In grande parte de su percurso extremaduran, le fluvio es fortemente incastrate in le penillanura. Inter le principal tributarios del Tago in Extremadura se trova le [[Fluvio Tiétar|Tiétar]], le [[Fluvio Alagón|Alagón]], le [[Fluvio Almonte|Almonte]], le [[Fluvio Ibor|Ibor]] e le [[Fluvio Salor|Salor]]. Le [[Fluvio Tiétar|Tiétar]] nasce in le [[Sistema Central]] e traversa le sector de [[La Vera]] e [[Campo Arañuelo]] ante de desembocar in le Tago in le area de [[Monfragüe]]. Le [[Fluvio Alagón|Alagón]] nasce in le provincia de Salamanca e entra in Extremadura per [[Las Hurdes]]. Il traversa le area de [[Coria]] e recipe tributarios como le [[Fluvio Jerte|Jerte]] e le [[Fluvio Árrago|Árrago]] ante de desembocar in le Tago apud le [[reservoir de Alcántara]]. Inter le tributarios del Tago se distingue etiam le [[Fluvio Almonte|Almonte]], le [[Fluvio Ibor|Ibor]], le [[Fluvio Gualija|Gualija]] e le [[Fluvio Salor|Salor]]. Le Almonte drena un grande parte del [[Tierras de Cáceres|Tierras de Cáceres]] e del area de Trujillo e recipe tributarios como le [[Fluvio Tamuja|Tamuja]] e le [[Fluvio Tozo|Tozo]]. Le Tago e su tributarios es fortemente regulate per reservoirs. Le plus importante del region es le [[reservoir de Alcántara]], un del major reservoirs del systema del Tago. ==== Cuenca del Guadiana ==== [[File:Mérida. Guadiana river. Badajoz. Extremadura. Spain (4923913891).jpg|thumb|Le [[Fluvio Guadiana|fluvio Guadiana]] in [[Mérida (Espania)|Mérida]]]] Le [[Fluvio Guadiana|Guadiana]] es le principal fluvio del provincia de [[Badajoz]] e le secunde grande axe hydrographic de Extremadura. Le fluvio se forma in le area del [[Campo de Montiel]] e traversa le meseta central ante de entrar in Extremadura. Il traversa le [[Vegas Altas]], le area de [[Mérida (Espania)|Mérida]] e le [[Vegas Bajas]], passando per [[Badajoz]]. Post Badajoz, le fluvio forma per un portion un limite inter Espania e Portugal ante de desembocar in le [[Oceano Atlantic|Atlantico]] inter [[Ayamonte]] e [[Vila Real de Santo António]]. Inter le principal tributarios del Guadiana in Extremadura se trova le [[Fluvio Gévora|Gévora]], le [[Fluvio Aljucén|Aljucén]], le [[Fluvio Ruecas|Ruecas]], le [[Fluvio Gargáligas|Gargáligas]] e le [[Fluvio Guadalupejo|Guadalupejo]] al nord; e le [[Fluvio Zújar|Zújar]], le [[Fluvio Matachel|Matachel]], le [[Fluvio Guadajira|Guadajira]], le [[Fluvio Olivenza|Olivenza]] e le [[Fluvio Alcarrache|Alcarrache]] al sud. Le [[Fluvio Zújar|Zújar]] es le principal tributario del Guadiana in Extremadura per extension de su bacino. Il nasce in le provincia de Badajoz e recipe aquas del area de [[Los Pedroches]] e del [[valle de Alcudia]]. Le [[reservoir de La Serena]], sur le Zújar, es un del plus grande reservoirs de Espania per superficie. Le systema del Guadiana es intensemente utilisate pro le irrigation. Inter le principal infrastructure de irrigation se trova le [[Canal de Orellana]], le [[Canal de Montijo]], le [[Canal del Zújar]] e le [[Canal de Lobón]], associate al grande systema de irrigation developpate durante le seculo XX. [[File:35 - E2-07-Zujar - aguas abajo (5431236914).jpg|thumb|sinistra|[[Fluvio Zújar|Fluvio Zújar]]]] ==== Cuenca del Guadalquivir ==== Un parve sector del sud de Extremadura appartene al [[Fluvio Guadalquivir|Guadalquivir]]. Le aquas del versante meridional de [[Sierra Morena]] es tributari del Guadalquivir, specialmente per le bacinos del [[Fluvio Viar|Viar]] e del [[Fluvio Bembézar|Bembézar]]. Iste area es multo minor que le bacinos del Tago e del Guadiana. === Clima === [[File:Embalse de la Serena (20994551358).jpg|thumb|Paisage del [[reservoir de La Serena]] in fin de augusto]] Le clima de Extremadura es principalemente [[Clima mediterranee|mediterranee]], con un forte character continental in le areas interior. Le proximitate del [[Oceano Atlantic|Atlantico]] modera le temperaturas e explica le importante contribution del frontes oceanic al precipitationes. Le [[anticyclon del Azores]] ha un rolo importante in le estate e contribui al secura e al ariditate estival. Le [[Sistema Central]] exerce un importante effecto orographic super le precipitationes del nord del communitate.<ref>{{cite web |title=Atlas climático ibérico |url=https://www.aemet.es/es/conocermas/recursos_en_linea/publicaciones_y_estudios/publicaciones/detalles/Atlas-climatologico |publisher=[[Agencia Estatal de Meteorología]]}}</ref> Le insolation es elevate e le estate es generalmente calide e sic. Le temperaturas e precipitationes presenta forte variationes spatial: le areas basse del valle del Guadiana es inter le plus calide e sic, durante que le serras del [[Sistema Central]] es multo plus fresc e humide. Le precipitationes es generalmente plus basse in le valle del Guadiana e in le sud-est del region, e plus alte in le montanias del nord. In multe areas basse le media annual es inferior a 600 mm, durante que in le serras del [[Sistema Central]] illo pote superar 1000 mm e localmente 1500 mm. Le Valle del Jerte, [[Valle del Ambroz]], [[La Vera]], [[Las Hurdes]] e [[Sierra de Gata]] es inter le sectores plus humide.<ref>{{cite web |title=Atlas climático ibérico |url=https://www.aemet.es/es/conocermas/recursos_en_linea/publicaciones_y_estudios/publicaciones/detalles/Atlas-climatologico |publisher=[[Agencia Estatal de Meteorología]]}}</ref> [[File:Cielo -2 (30231912706).jpg|thumb|sinistra|Nubes in [[Fuentes de León]]]] Le distribution saisonal del precipitationes es typic del clima mediterranee: le maxima occurre generalmente in le autumno e le primavera, durante que le estate es le periodo le plus sic. In le areas plus basse, le ariditate estival pote durar tres o quatro menses; in le alte montanias, le periodo sic es plus breve. [[File:Quercus pyrenaica - La Vera - 20181116e.jpg|thumb|Foreste autumnal in [[Losar de la Vera]]]] Le temperatura medie annual varia fortemente secundo le altitude. Le areas basse del Guadiana presenta valores medie annual circa 17–18 °C, durante que le areas montaniose del nord es nettemente plus fresc. In estate le maxime diurne supera frequentemente 35 °C e, durante episodios de calor, pote exceder 40 °C. Le hibernos es geralmente suave in le basse terras, ma le gelate e le basse temperaturas es frequente in le serras. Le altitude es dunque un del factores le plus importante in le differentiation climatic del region. In le [[Sistema Central]] le temperaturas es nettemente plus basse e le nivello de precipitation plus alte que in le penillanuras central e meridional. Le [[bilancio hydric]] es generally negative durante le estate. Le forte evaporation, le alte temperaturas e le basse precipitationes estival produce un deficit hydric saisonal, specialmente in le basse terras. Le disponibilitate de aqua es compensate in grande parte per le reservoirs e le aquiferos, ben que le annos sic ha un effecto importante super le ressources hydric. === Vegetation === [[File:Montehermoso - Árbol.jpg|thumb|[[Dehesa]] de [[Montehermoso]]]] Le varietate de relievo, altitude, solos e clima produce un grande diversitate de vegetation in Extremadura. Le major parte del territorio pertine al dominio del [[foreste mediterranee]], ma le vegetation cambia secundo le altitude e le humiditate. Le intervention human ha modificate profundemente le paisage, specialmente per le agricultura, le pasturage e le exploitation del foreste. Un del paisages le plus characteristic es le [[dehesa]], un systema agro-sylvo-pastoral in le qual arbores disperse, praterias e usos agricole coexiste. Le [[encina]] es le specie arboree plus characteristic, accompaniate frequentemente per le [[subere]] e, in areas plus humide, per varie species de [[Quercus|quercia]]. Le dehesa combina le production agricole e pecuari con le conservation de un parte importante del biodiversitate regional. Le encinares e alcornocales domina le basse terras plus sic. Le [[subere]] es particularmente importante in le occidental del communitate e in le areas con pluviometria plus alte. Le estrato arbustive comprende species como le [[lentisco]], le [[aladierno]], le [[rosmarino]], le [[thymo]] e varie [[Cistus|cistos]]. In le valles e in le areas plus humide se developpa [[foreste de galeria]] associate al rios, con [[populo]]s, [[salice]]s, [[olmo]]s e altere species riparic. In le serras del nord, le vegetation cambia conforme al altitude e comprende vaste areas de [[Quercus pyrenaica|quercia]] e altere species caducifolie. In le pisos montaniose le vegetation es plus fresc e humide. Le [[Quercus pyrenaica|quercia]] ha un distribution importante in le serras, e in alcun areas alte se trova [[fago]] e altere species montaniose. Le vegetation del alte montanias del [[Sistema Central]] comprende praterias e arbustetos subalpine. Iste areas esseva traditionalmente utilisate pro le pasturage estival. === Spatios natural protegite === [[File:Mirador del Salto del Gitano y Rio Tajo.jpg|thumb|[[Parque national de Monfragüe]]]] [[File:Reserva Natural de los Barruecos (Malpartida de Cáceres).jpg|thumb|[[Monumento natural]] de [[Los Barruecos]], in [[Malpartida de Cáceres]]]] Extremadura possede un rete extensive de [[area protegite|areas natural protegite]], que include le [[Parque national de Monfragüe]], duo [[Parque Natural|parcos natural]], un [[Reserva Natural|reserva natural]], cinque [[Monumento Natural|monumentos natural]], paisages protegite, [[Zona de interés regional|zonas de interesse regional]], e altere categorias regional de protection. Le territorio es etiam largemente includite in le rete [[Natura 2000]], con numerosas [[Zona de especial protección para las aves|ZEPAs]] e [[Zona especial de conservación|ZECs]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Áreas protegidas de Extremadura |url=https://www.juntaex.es/temas/medio-ambiente/biodiversidad/areas-protegidas-de-extremadura |publisher=Junta de Extremadura |accessdate=2026-09-13 |archivedate=2024-08-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805164813/https://www.juntaex.es/temas/medio-ambiente/biodiversidad/areas-protegidas-de-extremadura}}</ref> Le [[Red de Espacios Naturales Protegidos de Extremadura|rete regional de areas protegite]] include, inter altere figuras, parcos natural, reservas natural, monumentos natural, paisages protegite, corredores ecologicamente importante, parcos periurban, locos de interesse scientific e arbores singular. Le cartographia official del Junta de Extremadura integra iste figuras con le [[Natura 2000]] e altere figuras de conservation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cartografía de las Áreas Protegidas de Extremadura |url=https://www.juntaex.es/w/cartografia-areas-protegidas-extremadura |publisher=Junta de Extremadura}}</ref> ; Geoparco Villuercas-Ibores-Jara Le [[Geoparco Villuercas-Ibores-Jara]] es un territorio de grande interesse geologic in le centro-oriente de Extremadura. Illo esseva includite in le rete mundial del geoparcos in 2011. Su relievo presenta formas de typo apalachense e conserva un importante patrimonio geologic, paleontologic, minier e cultural. Le geoparco es membro del rete [[UNESCO Global Geoparks]].<ref>{{cite web |title=UNESCO Global Geoparks |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/iggp/geoparks |publisher=[[UNESCO]]}}</ref> ; Parque national de Monfragüe Le [[Parque national de Monfragüe]] es situate in le centro de [[Provincia de Cáceres|Cáceres]], circa le confluencia del [[Fluvio Tago|Tago]] e del [[Fluvio Tiétar|Tiétar]]. Le territorio es dominate per serras basse, valles fluvial e [[dehesa]] mediterranee. Monfragüe esseva declarate [[Parque natural|parco natural]] in 1979 e devenite [[parque national]] in 2007.<ref>{{cite web |title=Parque Nacional de Monfragüe |url=https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/parques-nacionales-oapn/red-parques-nacionales/parques-nacionales/monfrague.html |publisher=Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico}}</ref> Le area possede etiam altere figuras de protection, inter illas le [[Reserva de biosphera|Reserva de Biosphera de Monfragüe]], recognoscite per le [[UNESCO]] in 2003.<ref>{{cite web |title=Monfragüe Biosphere Reserve |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/mab/monfrague |publisher=[[UNESCO]]}}</ref> ; Parcos natural Extremadura possede duo [[Parque Natural|parcos natural]]: le [[Parque natural de Cornalvo]] e le [[Parque natural del Tajo Internacional]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Parques Naturales de Extremadura |url=https://www.juntaex.es/temas/medio-ambiente/biodiversidad/areas-protegidas-de-extremadura/parques-naturales |publisher=Junta de Extremadura}}</ref> * [[Parque natural de Cornalvo]] es situate circa [[Mérida (Espania)|Mérida]] e comprende paisages de [[dehesa]], encinares e alcornocales, insimul con le systemas fluvial del [[Fluvio Aljucén|Aljucén]] e [[Fluvio Albarregas|Albarregas]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Parque Natural de Cornalvo |url=https://www.juntaex.es/es/w/parque-natural-de-cornalvo |publisher=Junta de Extremadura}}</ref> * [[Parque natural del Tajo Internacional]] es situate al frontiera con [[Portugal]], in le sector occidental de [[Provincia de Cáceres|Cáceres]]. Le parco es structurate circa le Tajo e su tributarios e forma un ensemble transfrontalier con le [[Parque Natural do Tejo Internacional]] in Portugal.<ref>{{cite web |title=Parque Natural Tajo Internacional |url=https://www.juntaex.es/es/w/parque-natural-tajo-internacional |publisher=Junta de Extremadura}}</ref> ; Reserva natural [[File:Valle del Jerte, Garganta de los Infiernos 02.jpg|thumb|[[Reserva natural Garganta de los Infiernos]], in le [[Valle del Jerte]]]] * [[Reserva Natural Garganta de los Infiernos]] es situate in le cabecera del [[Valle del Jerte]], inter le [[sierra de Tormantos]] e le [[Sierra de Gredos]]. Illa esseva declarate Reserva Natural in 1994 e protege un paisage montaniose con forte variation altitudinal e un dense reticulo de gargantas e cursos de aqua.<ref>{{cite web |title=Reserva Natural Garganta de los Infiernos |url=https://www.juntaex.es/w/reserva-natural-garganta-de-los-infiernos |publisher=Junta de Extremadura}}</ref> ; Monumentos natural Le rete regional comprende actualmente cinque [[Monumento Natural|monumentos natural]]: * [[Los Barruecos]], in [[Malpartida de Cáceres]], un paisage de granito, charcas e vegetation mediterranee; * [[Mina La Jayona]], un ancian complexo minier con importante valores geologic e ecologic; * [[Cueva de Castañar]], un caverna con importante formations mineral; * [[Cuevas de Fuentes de León]], un complexe de cavitates calcaree; * [[El Berrocal de la Data]], in [[Valencia de Alcántara]], un paisage granitic de grande interesse geomorphologic.<ref>{{cite web |title=Monumentos Naturales de Extremadura |url=https://www.juntaex.es/temas/medio-ambiente/biodiversidad/areas-protegidas-de-extremadura/monumentos-naturales |publisher=Junta de Extremadura}}</ref> ; Paisages protegite Le [[Monte Valcorchero]] apud [[Plasencia]] es un del [[Paisaje protegido|paisages protegite]] de Extremadura. Le protection conserva un paisage de grande valor natural e cultural, associate al [[dehesa]] e al exploitation traditional del territorio.<ref>{{cite web |title=Paisajes Protegidos de Extremadura |url=https://www.juntaex.es/w/paisajes-protegidos-de-extremadura |publisher=Junta de Extremadura}}</ref> == Governo e politica == Extremadura es un [[communitate autonome de Espania|communitate autonome]] de Espania con un systema de [[monarchia parlamentari|governo parlamentar]]. Su institutiones autonome principal es le [[Assemblea de Extremadura]], le [[Junta de Extremadura]] e le [[President del Junta de Extremadura|Presidente del Junta]]. Le [[Statuto de Autonomia de Extremadura]] constitue le norma institutional fundamental del communitate. === Antecedentes === Le [[Fuero de Baylío]] es un institution de [[derecto consuetudinari]] conservate in alcun localidades de Extremadura. Le [[Statuto de Autonomia de Extremadura]] attribue al communitate autonome le conservation, defensa e protection del Fuero de Baylío e de altere institutiones del derecto consuetudinari extremaduran.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ley Orgánica 1/2011, de 28 de enero, de reforma del Estatuto de Autonomía de la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2011-1638 |publisher=[[Boletín Oficial del Estado]]}}</ref> Le formation historic del territorio extremaduran es anterior al actual communitate autonome. Durante le [[Etate Media]], le nomine [[Las Extremaduras|Extremaduras]] se applicava a un vaste zona de frontiera inter le regnos cristian del nord e le territorios musulman del sud. Le [[provincia de Extremadura]] esseva establite como provincia in le [[reformation territorial de 1833]] e correspondeva in grande parte al territorio del actual communitate, ben que le organisation territorial ha cambiate ulteriormente. In le [[Etate Moderne]] e [[Etate Contemporanee|Contemporanee]] se developpava institutiones juridic e administrative proprie del territorio. Le [[Real Audientia de Extremadura]], establite in [[Cáceres]] in 1790, constitueva un importante institution judicial pro le territorio extremaduran. === Poter legislative === [[File:Pleno de la Asamblea de Extremadura.jpg|thumb|Le [[Assemblea de Extremadura]]]] Le [[Assemblea de Extremadura]] es le organo legislative del communitate autonome. Illo es componite de 65 deputatos eligite per suffragio universal, libere, directe e secret. Le duo provincias constitue le circumscriptiones electoral del electiones autonomic. Le repartition territorial del 65 sedes es de 36 deputatos pro le [[provincia de Badajoz]] e 29 pro le [[provincia de Cáceres]]. Le [[Electiones al Assemblea de Extremadura de 2025|electiones autonomic de 2025]] producite le sequente composition del Assemblea: {| class="wikitable" |+ Composición de la Asamblea de Extremadura tras las elecciones de 2025 ! Partido ! Sedes ! Votos ! % |- | [[Partido Popular de Extremadura|Partido Popular]] (PP) | 29 | 228 300 | 43,2 % |- | [[Partido Socialista Obrero Español|Partido Socialista Obrero Español]] (PSOE) | 18 | 136 017 | 25,7 % |- | [[Vox (partido político)|Vox]] | 11 | 89 360 | 16,9 % |- | [[Unidas por Extremadura]] | 7 | 54 189 | 10,3 % |- ! Total ! 65 ! 507 866 ! 96,1 % |} Le majoritate absolute del Assemblea es fixate a 33 sedes. Le PP es le prime gruppo parlamentar con 29 deputatos, sequite per le PSOE con 18, Vox con 11 e Unidas por Extremadura con 7.<ref>{{cite web |title=Resultados Elecciones Extremadura 2025 |url=https://resultados-elecciones.rtve.es/autonomicas/2025/extremadura/ |publisher=[[Radiotelevisión Española]]}}</ref> === Poter executive === Le [[Junta de Extremadura]] es le organo executive e administrative del communitate autonome. Illo es presidite per le [[President del Junta de Extremadura]], qui dirige le action del governo regional. [[María Guardiola Martín]] es presidente del Junta de Extremadura. Illa esseva prime eligite in 2023 e deveniva le prime femina a presider le governo autonome. Post le electiones de 2025, le investitura esseva initialmente refusate in martio 2026, quando Guardiola obteneva solmente le supporto del PP. In april 2026, un accordo inter le PP e [[Vox (partito politico)|Vox]] permitteva su nove investitura con majoritate absolute del Assemblea. Illa esseva formalmente nominate presidente per [[Felipe VI|le Rege]] le 22 de april 2026.<ref>{{cite web |title=Real Decreto 361/2026, de 22 de abril, por el que se nombra Presidenta de la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura a doña María Guardiola Martín |url=https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2026/04/23/pdfs/BOE-A-2026-8873.pdf |publisher=[[Boletín Oficial del Estado]]}}</ref> Le prime presidente del Junta de Extremadura esseva [[Juan Carlos Rodríguez Ibarra]], qui occupava le carga inter 1983 e 2007. Il esseva succedite per [[Guillermo Fernández Vara]] (2007–2011), [[José Antonio Monago]] (2011–2015), e de novo Guillermo Fernández Vara (2015–2023). In 2023, [[María Guardiola]] succedeva Fernández Vara e deveniva le prime femina presidente del communitate.<ref>{{cite web |title=María Guardiola es investida presidenta de la Junta de Extremadura |url=https://www.juntaex.es/w/maria-guardiola-investida-presidenta-de-la-junta-de-extremadura |publisher=Junta de Extremadura |date=14 de julio 2023}}</ref> Le secunde governo de María Guardiola es supportate per un accordo inter le PP e Vox, qui dispone insimul de 40 del 65 sedes del Assemblea. Le PSOE e Unidas por Extremadura constitue le opposition parlamentar.<ref>{{cite web |title=Guardiola, investida presidenta de Extremadura por mayoría absoluta tras el acuerdo con Vox |url=https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20260422/directo-segunda-jornada-debate-investidura-guardiola-extremadura-votacion/17035311.shtml |publisher=[[Radiotelevisión Española]] |date=22 de april 2026}}</ref> Le [[Delegation del Governo in Extremadura]] representa le [[Governo de Espania]] in le communitate autonome. Su sede se trova in [[Badajoz]]. {| class="wikitable" |+ Presidentes del Junta de Extremadura ! Presidente ! Partito ! Periodo |- | [[Juan Carlos Rodríguez Ibarra]] | [[Partido Socialista Obrero Español|PSOE]] | 1983–2007 |- | [[Guillermo Fernández Vara]] | [[Partido Socialista Obrero Español|PSOE]] | 2007–2011 |- | [[José Antonio Monago]] | [[Partido Popular (España)|PP]] | 2011–2015 |- | [[Guillermo Fernández Vara]] | [[Partido Socialista Obrero Español|PSOE]] | 2015–2023 |- | [[María Guardiola]] | [[Partido Popular (España)|PP]] | 2023–presente |} === Organisation territorial === ==== Provincias ==== Extremadura es dividite in duo provincias: le [[provincia de Cáceres]], al nord, e le [[provincia de Badajoz]], al sud. Illas es etiam circumscriptiones electoral pro le electiones al [[Congresso del Deputatos]] e al [[Senato de Espania]], e possede lor respective [[deputation provincial|deputationes provincial]]. Secundo le datos del [[Instituto Nacional de Estadística]] al 1 de januario 2025, le provincia de Badajoz habeva 665 155 habitantes e un superficie de 21 769 km², durante que Cáceres habeva 388 190 habitantes e un superficie de 19 864 km².<ref>{{cite web |title=España en cifras 2026 |url=https://www.ine.es/prodyser/espa_cifras/EEC_2026_PUBLICACION_COMPLETA.pdf |publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística]]}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ Provincias de Extremadura ! Provincia ! Superficie ! Population<ref>{{cite web |title=Censo anual de población 2021-2025 |url=https://www.ine.es/dynt3/inebase/index.htm?capsel=11398&padre=11555 |publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística]] }}</ref> ! Municipios |- | [[Provincia de Cáceres|Cáceres]] | 19 864 km² | 388 190 hab. | 223 |- | [[Provincia de Badajoz|Badajoz]] | 21 769 km² | 665 155 hab. | 165 |} Le provincia de Badajoz es le plus vaste provincia de Espania per superficie, durante que Cáceres es le secunde plus vaste. In insimul, le duo provincias constitue un del plus grande superficies provincial del pais. ==== Municipios ==== [[File:Extremadura municipalities.png|thumb|Carta municipal de Extremadura]] Extremadura es organise territorialmente in 388 [[municipio]]s: 223 in le provincia de Cáceres e 165 in le provincia de Badajoz. Le numeros de municipios e le cifras de population son mantenite per le [[Instituto Nacional de Estadística]] in su registros official.<ref>{{cite web |title=Censo anual de población 2021-2025 |url=https://www.ine.es/dynt3/inebase/index.htm?capsel=11398&padre=11555 |publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística]]}}</ref> Le grande extension territorial del communitate e le relative basse densitate de population resulta in un grande dimension medie del terminos municipal. Inter le plus grande per superficie se trova [[Cáceres]], [[Badajoz]], [[Mérida (Espania)|Mérida]], [[Jerez de los Caballeros]] e [[Alburquerque]]. [[Badajoz]] es le municipio le plus populate del communitate e le sol que supera 100 000 habitantes. [[Cáceres]] es le secunde centro urban per population e un del principal polos administrative e universitari de Extremadura. ==== Districtos judicial ==== [[File:Partidos Judiciales de Extremadura.svg|thumb|Districtos judicial de Extremadura]] Le organisation judicial del communitate es determinate secundo le [[Poter Judicial de Espania|legislation judicial espaniol]] e le [[Statuto de Autonomia de Extremadura]]. Le [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia de Extremadura]] ha su sede in [[Cáceres]] e constitue le organo in le qual culmina le organisation judicial del communitate autonome.<ref>{{cite web |title=Estatuto de Autonomía de Extremadura |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2011-1638 |publisher=[[Boletín Oficial del Estado]]}}</ref> Extremadura es dividite in 21 [[Districtos judicial de Extremadura|districtos judicial]], qui organiza le competentia territorial del [[tribunal|organo judicial]] de prime grado. ==== Mancomunitates integral ==== Le legislation extremaduran permitte le creation de [[mancomunitate]]s de municipios pro le gestion in commun de servicios e pro le cooperation supramunicipal. Le [[Lege 17/2010, de mancomunitates e entidades local minor de Extremadura|Lege 17/2010]] establi le requisitos pro que un mancomunitate pote esser qualificate como ''integral'' e regula su organisation e functionamento.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ley 17/2010, de 22 de diciembre, de mancomunidades y entidades locales menores de Extremadura |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-2011-555 |publisher=[[Boletín Oficial del Estado]]}}</ref> Extremadura ha un rete de [[mancomunitate integral|mancomunitates integral]] que facilita le prestation commun de servicios municipal e le cooperation inter municipalitates. Le mancomunitates integral pote intervenir in campos como le gestion del residuos, le aqua, le protection ambiental, le servicios social, le cultura, le sport, le developpamento local, le urbanismo e le infrastructure. ; Provincia de Badajoz <div style="column-count:3; column-gap:3em;"> # Centro # [[Cijara]] # [[Mancomunitate del Guadiana|Guadiana]] # [[La Serena (Badajoz)|La Serena]] # [[Vegas Altas|La Serena-Vegas Altas]] # [[Mancomunitate Integral Lácara-Los Baldíos|Lácara-Los Baldíos]] # [[Comarca de Llerena|Llerena]] # [[Llanos de Olivenza|Olivenza]] # [[La Siberia|Siberia]] # [[Sierra Suroeste]] # [[Tentudía]] # Tierra de Barros # [[Tierra de Barros|Tierra de Barros-Fluvio Matachel]] # [[Vegas Bajas]] # [[Zafra-Fluvio Bodión]] </div> ; Provincia de Cáceres <div style="column-count:3; column-gap:3em;"> # [[Mancomunitate Integral Sierra de Montánchez|Sierra de Montánchez]] # [[Mancomunitate Integral Valle del Alagón|Valle del Alagón]] # [[Mancomunitate Comarca de Trujillo|Trujillo]] # [[Mancomunitate Tajo-Salor|Tajo-Salor]] # [[Valle del Jerte]] # [[Mancomunitate de la Rivera de Fresnedosa|Rivera de Fresnedosa]] # [[Mancomunitate Integral Sierra de San Pedro|Sierra de San Pedro]] # [[Mancomunitate Integral de Trasierra-Tierras de Granadilla|Trasierra-Tierra de Granadilla]] # [[Las Hurdes]] # [[Sierra de Gata (comarca)|Sierra de Gata]] # [[Granadilla (Cáceres)|Granadilla]] # [[Valle del Ambroz|Valle de Ambroz]] # [[Valle del Jerte]] # [[La Vera]] # [[Valle del Alagón]] # [[Riberos del Tajo]] # [[Campo Arañuelo]] # [[Las Villuercas]] </div> Al margen del organisation per mancomunitates, existe in Extremadura numerose [[comarca]]s historic, geographic e cultural que non constitue necessarimente divisiones administrative official. Inter le plus cognoscite se trova [[Valle del Ambroz]], [[Campo Arañuelo]], [[Valle del Jerte]], [[Las Hurdes]], [[Las Villuercas]], [[Los Ibores]], [[La Jara cacereña]], [[Sierra de Gata (comarca)|Sierra de Gata]] e [[Trasierra - Tierras de Granadilla]]. Le distinction inter mancomunitates integral e comarcas es importante: le prime es entitates local de cooperation inter municipalitates, durante que le secunde corresponde frequentemente a regiones historic o geographic sin un status administrative uniforme. In le [[provincia de Badajoz]], le [[Deputation Provincial de Badajoz]] usa etiam divisiones comarcal pro fines de organisation e cooperation territorial, ma illas non equivale al organisation administrative provincial o al mancomunitates integral. == Demographia == === Population e densitate === [[File:Extremadura densidad 2018.png|thumb|Densitate del population in Extremadura]] Le population residente de Extremadura esseva de 1 053 345 habitantes al 1 de januario 2025, secundo le [[Instituto National de Statistica (Espania)|INE]]. Illo representava circa 2,14 % del population de Espania. Le densitate medie era de 25,3 habitantes per km², multo inferior al media espaniol.<ref>{{cite web |title=España en cifras 2026 |url=https://www.ine.es/prodyser/espa_cifras/EEC_2026_PUBLICACION_COMPLETA.pdf |publisher=[[Instituto National de Statistica (Espania)|INE]]}}</ref> Le population se distribue in modo irregular inter le duo provincias. [[Provincia de Badajoz|Badajoz]] contava 665 155 habitantes e habeva un densitate de circa 30,6 hab./km², durante que [[Provincia de Cáceres|Cáceres]] contava 388 190 habitantes e habeva un densitate de circa 19,5 hab./km².<ref>{{cite web |title=España en cifras 2026 |url=https://www.ine.es/prodyser/espa_cifras/EEC_2026_PUBLICACION_COMPLETA.pdf |publisher=[[Instituto National de Statistica (Espania)|INE]]}}</ref> Le population es fortemente concentrate in un numero limitate de centros urban. [[Badajoz]] es le sol municipio del communitate que supera 100 000 habitantes. [[Cáceres]] e [[Mérida (Espania)|Mérida]] supera 50 000, durante que [[Plasencia]], [[Don Benito]], [[Almendralejo]] e [[Villanueva de la Serena]] es altere centros urban importante. Nonobstante, le major parte del territorio conserva un character rural. Le basse densitate del population, le grande extension del terminos municipal e le dispersion del insediamento contribui al contrasto inter le principales centros urban e vaste areas de population basse. Le [[despobulation]] es specialmente importante in alcun areas del interior e del est del communitate. Le principal concentrationes del population se trova circa le corridor del [[Fluvio Guadiana|Guadiana]] e in le axe que liga [[Plasencia]], [[Cáceres]], [[Mérida]], [[Almendralejo]] e [[Zafra]]. Un altere concentration importante existe in le area [[Badajoz]]–[[Mérida]]–[[Don Benito]]–[[Villanueva de la Serena]]. Le areas montaniose e le sectores plus distante del principal centros urban presenta generalmente densitates nettemente inferior. === Evolution del population === [[File:Extremadura crecimiento 1998-2008.png|thumb|sinistra|Crescimento del population per municipio inter 1998 e 2008]] [[File:Extremadura crecimiento 2008-2018.png|thumb|Crescimento del population per municipio inter 2008 e 2018]] Le population de Extremadura ha presentate grande variationes durante le ultime cinque seculos. Le datos historic es in parte estimative e debe esser interpretate con caution, proque le definition del population e le methodos de recenseamento cambiava multo inter le periodos. Un alarde realisate in 1502 per ordine de [[Isabel I de Castilia]] ha essite utilisate pro estimar le population del territorio extremaduran a circa 350 000 habitantes. Le [[censimento del 1591]] del [[Corona de Castilia|Corona de Castilia]] dava un cifra plus alte, de circa 540 000 habitantes, ben que le comparation con le cifras moderne es difficile per le differentias administrative e methodologic.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ladero Quesada, Miguel Ángel |title=Le cavalleria e le population de Extremadura secundo le alardes de 1502 |journal=Norba. Revista de historia |volume=17 |year=2004 |url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=1158941}}</ref> Durante le [[seculo XVIII]] le population esseva multo inferior al cifra estimate del seculo XVI, como resultato de guerras, epidemias, crises agricole e altere factores. Le censimentos del [[Etate Moderne]] es generalmente minus uniforme que le censimentos posterior. Durante le [[seculo XIX]] e le prime medietate del [[seculo XX]], le population cresceva de maniera importante. Secundo le [[Censimento de Espania de 1960|censimento de 1960]], Extremadura attingeva 1 379 072 habitantes, uno del maximos historic del population regional.<ref>{{cite web |title=Censo de población de 1960 |url=https://www.ine.es/inebaseweb/71807.do |publisher=[[Instituto National de Statistica (Espania)|INE]]}}</ref> A partir del decennio de 1960 comenciava un forte processo de [[exodo rural]] e [[emigration]]. Numerose habitantes de Extremadura emigrava verso altere regiones de Espania, specialmente [[Communitate de Madrid|Madrid]], [[Catalonia]] e le [[Pais Basc]], e verso paises europee como [[Francia]], [[Germania]], [[Suisia]], [[Paises Basse]] e [[Belgica]]. Le migrationes affectava particularmente le juvene in etate active e contribueva al [[invecchiamento del population]] del areas rural. Le perdita de population esseva particolarmente forte in le decennios 1960 e 1970. Al mesme tempore, alcun capitales e centros regional acquisiva population, specialmente [[Badajoz]], [[Cáceres]] e [[Mérida]]. Iste processo accentuava le contrasto inter le principales centros urban e le areas rural. Durante le ultime decennios del seculo XX e le prime del seculo XXI, le population regional deveniva plus stabile, ma Extremadura continuava a haber un crescimento demographic inferior al media espaniol. Le invecchiamento e le basse natalitate deveniva factores importante del evolution demographic. In le 2020s le evolution ha de novo essite negative. Inter le 1 de januario 2024 e le 1 de januario 2025, le population de Extremadura diminuiva de 1 336 personas, o 0,13 %. Le population de nationalitate espaniol diminuiva de 4 664 personas, durante que le population de nationalitate estranjer cresceva de 3 328 personas, o 7,15 %, usque a 46 556 habitantes.<ref>{{cite web |title=Censo de Población 2025 |url=https://www.juntaex.es/documents/77055/34486012/Censo_2025_ND.pdf/624d5260-a2ba-ad35-6f93-92145928883e |publisher=Instituto de Estadística de Extremadura}}</ref> Le evolution demographic recente es assi caracterisate per un combination de [[invecchiamento del population]], basse natalitate, saldo natural negative e un contribution crescente del immigration. === Distribution === [[File:Tipos de Municipios de Extremadura.png|thumb|Typos de insediamento urban e rural in Extremadura]] Le systema de population de Extremadura es policentric in comparation con altere regiones espaniol, ma non possede grande metropolitan areas. [[Badajoz]] es le principal centro urban del communitate per population e per le extension de su area de influentia. [[Cáceres]] ha un importante function administrative, universitari e cultural. [[Mérida]], capital del communitate autonome, ha un rolo institutional e administrative central. Inter le altere centros urban regional se distingue [[Plasencia]], [[Don Benito]], [[Almendralejo]], [[Villanueva de la Serena]], [[Navalmoral de la Mata]], [[Zafra]], [[Montijo]], [[Villafranca de los Barros]], [[Coria]], [[Olivenza]], [[Miajadas]] e [[Jerez de los Caballeros]]. Le position geographic del communitate face que alcun areas del nord, del est e del sud ha etiam relationes functional con centros exterior a Extremadura. Inter illos se trova [[Salamanca]], [[Béjar]], [[Talavera de la Reina]], [[Ciudad Real]], [[Córdoba]] e [[Sevilla]]. Iste relationes varia secundo le services, le employment, le commercio e le communicationes. Le insediamento rural es generalmente concentrate in villages, con relativamente pauc population disperse. Iste forma de [[poblamiento concentrate]] es particularmente characteristic del penillanuras e del dehesas. Historicamente, le structure agrari, le grande extension del proprietates in alcun areas e le formas traditional de exploitation del terra contribueva al concentration del population in villages de dimension considerabile. Le architecture traditional varia secundo le parte del communitate. Le villages del sud presenta frequentemente facciatas blanchite e placias central, durante que in le nord e in le areas montaniose es presente un plus grande varietate de materiales e formas architectural. Le agricultura extensive, le [[dehesa]] e le allevamento ha exercite un importante influentia super le distribution del population rural. Le modernisation del agricultura e le mecanisation, insimul con le emigration del seculo XX, reduceva le necessitate de labor agricole e accelereva le perdita de population in multe parve municipios. === Systema urban === [[File:Extremadura poblacion 2018.png|thumb|Population per municipio]] Le municipios de Extremadura con plus de 7000 habitantes al 1 de januario 2025 es 19. Le cifras proveni del population official del [[Instituto National de Statistica (Espania)|INE]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Cifras oficiales de población de los municipios españoles |url=https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736177011&idp=1254734710990 |publisher=[[Instituto National de Statistica (Espania)|INE]]}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Position ! Municipalitate ! Population |- | 1 | [[Badajoz]] | 150 209 |- | 2 | [[Cáceres]] | 96 651 |- | 3 | [[Mérida (Espania)|Mérida]] | 60 225 |- | 4 | [[Plasencia]] | 40 132 |- | 5 | [[Don Benito]] | 37 986 |- | 6 | [[Almendralejo]] | 34 587 |- | 7 | [[Villanueva de la Serena]] | 25 773 |- | 8 | [[Navalmoral de la Mata]] | 17 352 |- | 9 | [[Zafra]] | 16 735 |- | 10 | [[Montijo (Badajoz)|Montijo]] | 15 198 |- | 11 | [[Villafranca de los Barros]] | 12 284 |- | 12 | [[Coria]] | 12 001 |- | 13 | [[Olivenza]] | 11 789 |- | 14 | [[Miajadas]] | 9 396 |- | 15 | [[Jerez de los Caballeros]] | 9 095 |- | 16 | [[Trujillo (Espania)|Trujillo]] | 8 611 |- | 17 | [[Los Santos de Maimona]] | 8 088 |- | 18 | [[Azuaga]] | 7 587 |- | 19 | [[Talayuela]] | 7 439 |} Le lista mostra le forte concentration del population in un numero limitate de centros. Badajoz, Cáceres e Mérida forma le principal trio urban del communitate. Le altere centros de plus de 20 000 habitantes —Plasencia, Don Benito, Almendralejo e Villanueva de la Serena— ha un rolo important in lor respective areas territorial. Le concentration del population non significa un concentration territorial uniforme. Vaste areas de Extremadura conserva densitates basse e un predominio del insediamento rural. Le contrasto inter centros urban e areas de bassa densitate es un del principales characteristicas del geographia demographic del communitate. In Extremadura, duodece municipios ha le titulo historic de [[citate|citate]]: in le provincia de Badajoz, [[Almendralejo]], [[Badajoz]], [[Don Benito]], [[Jerez de los Caballeros]], [[Llerena]], [[Mérida (Espania)|Mérida]], [[Olivenza]] e [[Villanueva de la Serena]]; in le provincia de Cáceres, [[Cáceres]], [[Coria]], [[Plasencia]] e [[Trujillo (Espania)|Trujillo]]. Le titulo de citate es un distinction historic e non implica necessarimente un minimum moderne de population. Le titulos de citate de Badajoz, Coria, Mérida, Plasencia e Trujillo remontan al [[Etate Media]]. Durante le [[Etate Moderne]] esseva accordate, inter altere, le titulos de Jerez de los Caballeros (1525) e Llerena (1641). Durante le [[seculo XIX]] esseva accordate le titulos de Almendralejo (1851), Don Benito (1856), Villanueva de la Serena (1856), Olivenza (1858) e Cáceres (1882). === Immigration === Le population de nationalitate estranjer in Extremadura ha crescite durante le ultime annos, ben que illo representa ancora un portion relativemente parve del population regional. Al 1 de januario 2025, Extremadura contava 46 556 habitantes de nationalitate estranjer, circa 4,4 % del population total. Inter le 1 de januario 2024 e le 1 de januario 2025, iste population cresceva de 3 328 personas, o 7,15 %.<ref>{{cite web |title=Censo de Población 2025 |url=https://www.juntaex.es/documents/77055/34486012/Censo_2025_ND.pdf/624d5260-a2ba-ad35-6f93-92145928883e |publisher=Instituto de Estadística de Extremadura}}</ref> Le principal nationalitates estranjer in Extremadura in 2025 esseva le marocchina, con 8 377 residentes, le romaniana, con 7 696, le colombiana, con 4 624, e le portugese, con 3 430. Insimul, iste quatro nationalitates representava plus del 50 % del population de nationalitate estranjer del region.<ref>{{cite web |title=Anuario Estadístico 2025 |url=https://www.juntaex.es/documents/77055/5548153/Anuario_2025.pdf/ab27ff81-19b4-c9cc-b680-ddcfd99565cd |publisher=Instituto de Estadística de Extremadura}}</ref> Le immigration es in parte concentrate in le principal centros urban e in areas con demanda de labor in le agricultura, le industria agroalimentari, le construction e le servicios. Le composition del population estranjer varia secundo le municipio e le area geographic, con un importante presentia de population romaniana e marocchina e un crescente numero de residentes originari de paises latinoamerican.<ref>{{cite web |title=Censo de Población 2025 |url=https://www.juntaex.es/documents/77055/34486012/Censo_2025_ND.pdf/624d5260-a2ba-ad35-6f93-92145928883e |publisher=Instituto de Estadística de Extremadura}}</ref> Durante 2024, le augmentos le plus importante in Extremadura concerneva le residentes de nationalitate colombian (+802), marocchin (+528), venezuelan (+467) e peruvian (+466). Le population colombian cresceva de 17,34 %, mentre le population venezuelan e peruvian cresceva etiam de maniera importante.<ref>{{cite web |title=Censo de Población 2025 |url=https://www.juntaex.es/documents/77055/34486012/Censo_2025_ND.pdf/624d5260-a2ba-ad35-6f93-92145928883e |publisher=Instituto de Estadística de Extremadura}}</ref> Le immigration ha un rolo crescente in le evolution recent del population extremaduran, compensante in parte le declino del population de nationalitate espaniol e contribuente al mantenimento o al crescimento del population in alcun municipios. Nonobstante, le effecto demographic es irregular e non basta a compensar le basse natalitate e le invecchiamento del population in tote le territorio. == Economia == [[File:Pabellón en la Feria de Zafra, Badajoz (2019).jpg|thumb|[[Feria International Ganadere de Zafra|Feria International Ganadere de Zafra]]]] Le economia de Extremadura es dominante in le sector del servicios, que representa le major parte del producto interior brut regional. Le construction e le parve e medie interprisas ha etiam un rolo importante. Durante le ultime decennios, le region ha cognoscite un processo de [[tertiarisation]] economic, associate al crescimento del commercio, del turismo e del servicios, in particular in le areas rural. Le proximitate con Portugal favorisa etiam le relationes commercial inter le region e le vicin territorio portugese.{{sfn|Sánchez Martín|Rengifo Gallego|2019|p=22}} Le [[turismo in Extremadura|turismo]] constitue un del sectores in expansion, con un crescente interesse pro le patrimonio historic e cultural, le areas natural e le paisages rural del region. Le turismo ha acquirite un peso crescente in le economia regional, specialmente in le comarcas rural, ubi contribue al diversification del activitates traditionalmente agricole.{{sfn|Sánchez Martín|Rengifo Gallego|2019|p=22}} [[File:Cerdos ibericos.jpg|thumb|sinistra|[[Porco iberic|Porcos iberic]] in Extremadura]] Le agricultura e le [[bestiame]] remane importante pro le economia extremadurense. Le [[dehesa]], un paisage agro-silvo-pastoral characteristic del region, permitte le exploitation extensive de bovinos, ovinos e [[porco iberic|porcos iberic]], insimul con le production de [[corco]], cereales, oliva e productos hortofructicole. Le agroindustria constitue consequente un del principal ramos del industria regional. In le ultime decennios, Extremadura ha etiam presentate periodos de crescimento economic superior al media espaniol. In 2017, le [[producto interior brut]] regional cresceva de 3,7 %, un del plus alte taxas inter le comunidades autonome de [[Espania]].{{cite web |url=https://www.ine.es/ |title=Instituto Nacional de Estadística |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística |language=es }} Le structura industrial de Extremadura es caracterisate per le predominio del parve e medie interprisas. Inter le principal activitates industrial se trova le [[agroindustria]], le energia, le transformation del [[liège]], le petra ornamental, le metalurgia e machination, e le industria textile. Le agroindustria es particularmente importante debite al peso del agricultura e del bestiame in le economia regional. [[File:Extremadura Product Exports (2020).svg|thumb|Exportationes de Extremadura in 2020]] Le sector energetic ha etiam un peso importante. Le construction de [[reservoir|reservoirs]] e de centrales hydroelectric ha permittite le exploitation del ressources aquatic del region e un production de electricitate que in varie periodos ha superate le consumo interne. A iste production se ha addite in le ultime annos un forte expansion del [[energia solar]], favorate per le conditiones climatic e le disponibilitate de grandes superficies de terreno. Malgrado le progresso economic e le diversification del activitates, Extremadura ha historicamente presentate niveles de renta e de [[producto interior brut per capita]] inferior al media de Espania. Le economia regional ha dunque continuate a enfrentar problemas structural como le debilitate del tessuto industrial, le despoblamento de numerose areas rural e le dependentia relative del sector public e del servicios.{{sfn|Parejo Moruno|Rangel Preciado|2014|pp=14-15}} == Infrastructure e servicios == === Education === Le education superior in Extremadura es principalemente representate per le [[Universitate de Extremadura]] (UEx), le universitate public del communitate autonome. Illa ha campus in [[Badajoz]], [[Cáceres]], [[Mérida]] e [[Plasencia]], e su offerta include studios de grado, master e doctorato in numerose campos.<ref name="UEx">{{cite web |url=https://www.unex.es/conoce-la-uex/presentacion-de-la-uex/conoce-extremadura/ |title=Conoce Extremadura e le campus del Universitate de Extremadura |publisher=Universitate de Extremadura |access-date=13 de septembre 2026 |accessdate=2026-09-13 |archivedate=2024-10-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241029134432/https://www.unex.es/conoce-la-uex/presentacion-de-la-uex/conoce-extremadura/}}</ref> Durante le annos 2020, plure projectos pro crear nove universitates in Extremadura esseva proponite. Le situation ha evoluite postea: le administration autonome ha initiate proceduras official pro le recognition e le implantation de nove institutiones e studios universitari.<ref name="JuntaUniversitate">{{cite web |url=https://www.juntaex.es/temas/educacion/universidad |title=Universitate |publisher=Junta de Extremadura |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref> In 2026, le Junta de Extremadura ha publicate le [[Decreto 139/2026]], relative al implantation de nove enseignamentos official de grado e master in le Universitate de Extremadura, e ha etiam initiate le procedura pro le recognition del [[Universitate Aperte de Extremadura]].<ref name="DOE1392026">{{cite web |url=https://doe.juntaex.es/otrosFormatos/html.php?anio=2026&doe=1280o&xml=2026040168 |title=Decreto 139/2026, de 30 de junio |publisher=Diario Oficial de Extremadura |date=6 de julio 2026 |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref><ref name="JuntaUniversitate"/> === Energia === [[File:Centraldealmaraz.JPG|thumb|[[Central nuclear de Almaraz]]]] Extremadura es un importante productor de energia electric e produce considerablemente plus electricitate que su demanda regional. Secundo [[Red Eléctrica]], in 2025 le demanda de energia electric in le communitate esseva de 4 983 GWh, durante que le production electric esseva multo superior. Le generation regional esseva ancora dominate per le energia nuclear, que representava 47 % del total, sequite per le solar photovoltaic con 35 %, le hydroelectric con 12,3 % e le solar thermoelectric con 4,2 %.<ref name="REE2025">{{cite web |url=https://www.ree.es/sites/default/files/07_SALA_PRENSA/Documentos/2026/np-extremadura.pdf |title=Le demanda de energia electric in Extremadura cresce 3,4 % in 2025 |publisher=Red Eléctrica |date=11 de martio 2026 |access-date=13 de septembre 2026}}</ref> Le expansion del energia solar ha essite particularmente importante. In 2025 Extremadura addeva 689 MW de nove capacitate solar photovoltaic, e le 85,6 % del capacitate installate de generation del region pertineva a technologias renovabile.<ref name="REE2025"/> Extremadura es assi un del principales centros del production solar photovoltaic in Espania. Le [[Central nuclear de Almaraz]], in le provincia de [[Cáceres]], remane un del principales installationes energetic del region. Le systema electric regional include etiam numerose centrales hydroelectric, installations solar thermoelectric e photovoltaic, e un quantitá crescente de production renovabile.<ref name="REE2025"/> Le evolution del sector energetic ha renforçate le position de Extremadura in le transition verso un systema electric a basse emissiones. Le expansion del energia solar e le developpamento de nove installations renovabile constitue un del principales cambios in le infrastructure energetic del communitate durante le ultime annos.<ref name="REE2025"/> === Rete routier === Le [[Carreteras de Extremadura|rete de carreteras de Extremadura]] es administrate per differente niveles de administration. Le [[Ministerio de Transportes y Movilidad Sostenible|Stato]] gere le principal vias del [[rete de carreteras del Stato]], durante que le [[Junta de Extremadura]] gere le rete autonoma. Le [[Deputación Provincial de Badajoz|Deputations provincial de Badajoz e Cáceres]] e le [[municipio|municipalitate]] gere altere vias de lor competentia. Le rete routier connecte Extremadura con le centro del Peninsula Iberic, le regiones vicin e Portugal. Le principal axes de longa distantia es le [[Autovia del Sud-West|A-5]], que connecte le region con [[Madrid]] e Portugal, le [[Autovia Ruta de la Plata|A-66]], que traversa le region del nord al sud, e le [[Autovia Extremaduran|A-58]]. Le [[N-432]] constitue un altere importante connexion inter Badajoz e le sud del Peninsula. ==== Autovias ==== Le principal autovias que traversa Extremadura es le [[Autovia del Sud-West|A-5]], le [[Autovia Ruta de la Plata|A-66]] e le [[Autovia Extremaduran|A-58]]. Le A-5 connecte le region con Madrid e Portugal, durante que le A-66 forma le principal axe nord-sud per Plasencia, Cáceres, Mérida e Almendralejo. In 2026, le [[Autovia Extremaduran|A-58]] habeva un nove tramo in construction inter le [[A-66]] apud Cáceres e le Rio Ayuela. Le tramo, de 13,5 km, es un parte del connexion inter Cáceres e Badajoz.<ref name="A58">{{cite web |url=https://visorcarreteras.transportes.gob.es/PrincipalesObras |title=Principales obras en ejecución |publisher=Ministerio de Transportes y Movilidad Sostenible |language=es |access-date=13-09-2026 }}</ref> Le [[Autovia Badajoz-Granada|A-81]] es un projecto de nove autovia inter Badajoz e le sud-est del Peninsula. In 2026 esseva approbate definitivamente le studio informative del tramo [[Badajoz]]–[[Zafra]], con connexion al [[A-66]]. Le tramo ha un longitude approximative de 71 km. Le approbation concerne le tramo inter Badajoz e Zafra e non significa que le autovia integre sia ancora construite.<ref name="A81">{{cite web |url=https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-B-2026-14456 |title=Anuncio de la aprobación definitiva del Estudio Informativo de la Autovía Badajoz-Córdoba-Granada. Tramo Badajoz-Zafra |publisher=Boletín Oficial del Estado |date=2026-05-07 |language=es |access-date=13-09-2026 }}</ref> Le [[EX-A1]] es le principal autovia del rete autonome. Illa connecte [[Navalmoral de la Mata]] e [[Plasencia]] con [[Moraleja]] e le frontiera con Portugal. In 2025 esseva sottoposite a information public le projecto del subtramo Moraleja Oeste-Cilleros, parte del continuation del EX-A1 verso Portugal.<ref name="EXA1">{{cite web |url=https://doe.juntaex.es/otrosFormatos/html.php?anio=2025&doe=620o&xml=2025080502 |title=Anuncio de 17 de marzo de 2025 por el que se somete a información oficial y pública el proyecto denominado Autovía EX-A1, de Navalmoral de la Mata a Portugal |publisher=Diario Oficial de Extremadura |date=2025-03-31 |language=es |access-date=13-09-2026 }}</ref> In addition al rete del Stato e al rete regional, le [[municipio|municipalitate]] gere le vias de lor competentia in le interior de lor terminos municipal. === Transporto public === ==== Autobuses ==== Le [[transporto public]] per [[autobus]] es un importante forma de connexion inter le citates e le localitates de Extremadura. Inter le interprisas que opera servicios interurban se trova [[ALSA]], [[LEDA]] e [[CEVESA]].<ref name="LEDA">{{cite web |url=https://www.leda.es/ |title=Sito web de LEDA |publisher=LEDA |language=es |access-date=13-09-2026 }}</ref><ref name="CEVESA">{{cite web |url=https://www.cevesa.es/ |title=Sito web de CEVESA |publisher=CEVESA |language=es |access-date=13-09-2026 }}</ref> Le principal citates, inter illos [[Badajoz]], [[Cáceres]], [[Mérida (Espania)|Mérida]] e [[Plasencia]], dispone etiam de [[autobus urban|servicios urban de autobus]]. ==== Ferrovias ==== Le rete [[ferrovia]] de Extremadura es integrate in le rete ferroviari espaniol e connecte le region con [[Madrid]], le resto de Espania e [[Portugal]]. Le principal axes include le connexion Madrid–Extremadura, le linea [[Ciudad Real-Badajoz]], le connexion [[Mérida]]–[[Sevilla]] e le linea verso Portugal. Le 19 de julio 2026 entrava in servicio le nove tramo de [[Alta velocitate in Espania|alte prestactiones]] inter [[Plasencia]] e [[Badajoz]], parte del corridor Madrid–Extremadura. Renfe annunciava que le nove tramo permitterea reducer le tempore de viage inter Madrid e Badajoz usque a 51 minutas in iste prime phase e augmentava le offerta ferroviari del region de 145 a 170 circulations per septimana.<ref name="Renfe2026">{{cite web |url=https://www.renfe.com/es/es/grupo-renfe/comunicacion/renfe-al-dia/sala-de-prensa/Renfe-mejora-promocion-Extremadura |title=Renfe mejora la promoción de los Alvia a Extremadura |publisher=Renfe |date=2026-06-24 |language=es |access-date=13-09-2026 }}</ref> Le modernisation del rete conventional continua tamben. In septembre 2026, le renovation de 63,7 km del linea [[Ciudad Real-Badajoz]] inter Brazatortas-Veredas e Guadalmez-Los Pedroches permitteva reducer le tempore de viage del servicios de [[Renfe Media Distancia|Medie Distantia]] de circa 19 minutas in medio.<ref name="AdifCRB">{{cite web |url=https://www.adif.es/w/obras-renovacion-adif-permiten-reducir-media-19-minutos-tiempos-viaje-linea-ciudad-real-badajoz |title=Las obras de renovación ejecutadas por Adif permiten reducir en una media de 19 minutos los tiempos de viaje en la línea Ciudad Real-Badajoz |publisher=Adif |date=2026-09-07 |language=es |access-date=13-09-2026 }}</ref> Le principal lineas ferroviari que traversa le region comprende: * [[Linea Aljucén-Cáceres|Aljucén-Cáceres]] * [[Linea Ciudad Real-Badajoz|Ciudad Real-Badajoz]] * [[Linea Córdoba-Almorchón|Córdoba-Almorchón]] * [[Linea Madrid-Valencia de Alcántara|Madrid-Valencia de Alcántara]] * [[Linea Mérida-Los Rosales|Mérida-Los Rosales]] * [[Linea Plasencia-Astorga|Plasencia-Astorga]] * [[Linea Zafra-Huelva|Zafra-Huelva]] * [[Linea Zafra-Jerez de los Caballeros|Zafra-Jerez de los Caballeros]] Le connexion ferroviari con Portugal se face per le corredor Badajoz–Elvas–[[Lisbona]]. === Aeroporto === Il existe un sol [[aeroporto]] commercial in Extremadura, le [[Aeroporto de Badajoz]], situate apud [[Badajoz]]. In septembre 2026, le aeroporto dispone de quatro destinationes regular: [[Barcelona]], [[Madrid]], [[Gran Canaria]] e [[Tenerife]]. Le servicios es operate per [[Air Nostrum]] e [[Binter Canarias]].<ref name="AenaBJZ">{{cite web |url=https://www.aena.es/es/badajoz/aerolineas-y-destinos/destinos-del-aeropuerto.html |title=Destinos del Aeropuerto de Badajoz |publisher=Aena |language=es |access-date=13-09-2026 }}</ref> Le programmation del volos pote variar secundo le saison e le decisiones del companias aerie.<ref name="AenaAirlines">{{cite web |url=https://www.aena.es/es/badajoz/aerolineas-y-destinos/aerolineas.html |title=Aerolíneas del Aeropuerto de Badajoz |publisher=Aena |language=es |access-date=13-09-2026 }}</ref> == Cultura == Le cultura de Extremadura es le resultato de un longe historia de contactos inter diverse populationes e civilisationes del Peninsula Iberic. Le patrimonio cultural del region comprende sitios archeologic, citates historic, architecture religiose e militar, traditiones popular, musica, gastronomia e linguas. Le position de Extremadura inter le interior del Peninsula e le frontiera con Portugal ha contribuite al formation de un patrimonio cultural diverse. === Patrimonio === [[File:Badajoz - Museo Extremeño e Iberoamericano de Arte Contemporáneo 2.jpg|thumb|[[Museo Extremenio e Iberoamerican de Arte Contemporanee]].]] [[File:Diosa_Ceres_siglo_I_d.C.jpg|thumb|Statua sedente del deessa [[Ceres (mythologia)|Ceres]] (seculo I p.Chr.), [[Museo National de Arte Roman de Mérida]].]] ==== Patrimonio del Humanitate ==== [[File:Royal_Monastery_of_Santa_Maria_de_Guadalupe.jpg|thumb|[[Regal Monasterio de Sancta Maria de Guadalupe|Monasterio de Guadalupe]] ]] [[File:WLM14ES - Real Monasterio de San Jeronimo, Yuste, Caceres - MARIA ROSA FERRE.jpg|thumb|[[Monasterio de Yuste]] ]] Extremadura possede tres sitios cultural inscripte in le [[Lista del Patrimonio del Humanitate|Lista del Patrimonio Mundial]] del [[UNESCO]]: * le [[Citate vetere de Cáceres]], inscripte in 1986; * le [[Conjunto arqueologic de Mérida]], inscripte in 1993; * le [[Real Monasterio de Santa María de Guadalupe]], inscripte in 1993. Le Citate vetere de Cáceres conserva un ensemble urban fortificate in le qual se combina elementos roman, islamic, gotic e renascentista. Le Conjunto arqueologic de Mérida conserva un importante parte del antique [[Augusta Emerita]], fundate in 25 a.C. e capital de [[Lusitania]] roman. Le monasterio de Guadalupe representa un complexo architectural de grande valor historic e artistic, con elementos Mudéjar, gotic, renascentista e baroc.<ref name="UNESCO_Caceres">{{Cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/384 |title=Old Town of Cáceres |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref><ref name="UNESCO_Merida">{{Cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/664 |title=Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref><ref name="UNESCO_Guadalupe">{{Cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/665 |title=Royal Monastery of Santa María de Guadalupe |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> Inter le altere elementos del patrimonio historic del region se distingue le [[Monasterio de Yuste]], ubi le imperator [[Carlos V]] passava le ultime annos de su vita, le [[Ponte de Alcántara]], le [[Via de la Plata]], le fortificationes de [[Badajoz]], [[Cáceres]], [[Plasencia]], [[Trujillo]] e [[Jerez de los Caballeros]], e le numerose castellos, palatios, ecclesias e conventos distribuite per le territorio. ==== Vias pecuarie e transhumantia ==== Le [[vias pecuarie]] es un importante elemento del patrimonio cultural e paisagistic de Extremadura. Illas esseva utilisate traditionalmente pro le movemento saisonal del bestiame inter le pasturas de estive e le pasturas de hiberno. Le [[transhumantia]] ha influentiate le organisation del territorio, le economia rural, le paisage e le traditiones del region. Le rete de vias pecuarie de Extremadura ha un longitude de circa 7 200 km e occupa approximativemente 30 000 hectares in le duo provincias. Le vias constitue etiam corredores natural e pote esser usate pro usos compatible con le transito ganader, como le excursionismo e altere activitates recreational.<ref name="ViasPecuarie">{{Cite web |url=https://doe.juntaex.es/otrosFormatos/html.php?anio=2022&doe=2190o&xml=2022040199 |title=Resolución de incoación del expediente de declaración de la Trashumancia en Extremadura como Bien de Interés Cultural |website=Diario Oficial de Extremadura |date=2022-11-16 |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> Le rete se divide traditionalmente secundo le largessa del via in categorias como [[cañada]], [[cordel]], [[vereda]] e [[colada]]. Le [[cañada]] ha un largessa legal de 75 metros, le cordel de 37,5 metros e le vereda de 20 metros. === Cinematographia === Le diversitate de paisages e de centros historic ha facite de Extremadura un importante loco de rodage cinematographic e televisive. Le [[Extremadura Film Commission]] promove le region como loco de production e facilita le organisation de rodages. Inter le productiones associate con Extremadura se trova ''[[Las Hurdes, tierra sin pan]]'' (1933) de [[Luis Buñuel]], ''[[Los santos inocentes]]'' (1984), ''[[1492: La conquista del paraíso]]'' (1992), e plure productiones contemporanee. Le serie ''[[Juego de tronos]]'' esseva filmate in locos como [[Cáceres]], [[Trujillo]] e [[Los Barruecos]] in [[Malpartida de Cáceres]]. Le serie ''[[La casa del dragón]]'' e altere productiones international ha etiam utilisate locos del region.<ref name="FilmCommission">{{Cite web |url=https://fundacionextremenadelacultura.org/shooting-locations-marketplace/ |title=Extremadura Film Commission participa en el III Shooting Locations Marketplace |website=Fundación Extremeña de la Cultura |date=2023-10-27 |access-date=13 September 2026 |accessdate=2026-09-13 |archivedate=2024-05-18 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518000111/https://fundacionextremenadelacultura.org/shooting-locations-marketplace/}}</ref><ref name="JuegoTronos">{{Cite web |url=https://spainfilmcommission.com/blog/se-instalan-en-extremadura-paneles-de-informacion-para-los-turistas-en-los-lugares-de-rodaje-de-la-serie-juego-de-tronos/ |title=Se instalan en Extremadura paneles de información para los turistas en los lugares de rodaje de la serie Juego de Tronos |website=Spain Film Commission |date=2018-01-17 |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> In le annos recente, le activitate audiovisual ha continuate con filmes e series como ''Cerdita'', ''Día de caza'', ''Los relatos'', ''El cuco de cristal'' e ''La casa del Dragón'', inter alteres.<ref name="Rodajes2025">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cameraandlightmag.com/noticias/extremadura-se-posiciona-como-un-destino-de-rodajes-en-auge/ |title=Extremadura se posiciona como un destino de rodajes en auge |website=Camera&Light |date=2025-10-15 |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> === Museos === [[File:Vista exterior del Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Helga de Alvear.jpg|thumb|[[Museo de Arte Contemporanee Helga de Alvear]], in [[Cáceres]].]] Extremadura possede un rete de museos dedicate al archeologia, historia, arte, etnographia e altere aspectos del patrimonio regional. In [[Mérida]] se trova le [[Museo Nacional de Arte Romano]] (MNAR), un museo statal dedicate principalemente al patrimonio de [[Augusta Emerita]]. Su collectiones comprende sculpturas, mosaicos, inscriptiones, monetas, objectos del vita quotidian e altere restos del periodo roman. Le museo es etiam associate al conservation e studio del patrimonio roman del region.<ref name="MuseosCERES">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/museos/mc/ceres/museos-en-ceres/extremadura.html |title=Extremadura |website=Ministerio de Cultura de España |access-date=13 September 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812022351/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/museos/mc/ceres/museos-en-ceres/extremadura.html |archivedate=12 August 2025 |accessdate=13 September 2026}}</ref> Le [[Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Helga de Alvear]], in Cáceres, es un institution public gestionate per un fundation public del communitate autonome e dedicate al arte contemporanee. Su collection comprende obras de varie artistas international e espaniol.<ref name="MuseosCERES"/> In [[Badajoz]] se trova le [[Museo Extremaduran e Iberoamerican de Arte Contemporanee]] (MEIAC), dedicate al arte contemporanee de Extremadura, del resto de Espania e del mundo iberoamerican.<ref name="MEIAC">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/museos/mc/censo-guia/archivo-del-museo-extremeno-e-iberoamericano-de-arte-contemporaneo.html |title=Archivo del Museo Extremeño e Iberoamericano de Arte Contemporáneo |website=Ministerio de Cultura de España |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> Le patrimonio museal del region include etiam museos archeologic, provincial, etnographic e local, que contribue al conservation e al diffusion del patrimonio material e immaterial. === Folklore e traditiones === Le folklore extremaduran comprende festas, dances, cantiones, costumes, ceremonias e altere practicas traditional. Le traditiones varia inter le differente comarcas e es influentiate per le historia rural, le religion, le transhumantia e le contactos con le regiones vicin e con Portugal. Inter le traditiones le plus cognoscite se trova le [[Jarramplas]] de [[Piornal]], le [[Peropalo]] de [[Villanueva de la Vera]], le [[Encamisá]] de [[Torrejoncillo]] e le [[Carnaval Hurdano]] de [[Las Hurdes]]. Le calendario cultural comprende etiam numerose festas religiose, historic e gastronomic recognoscite como festas de interesse turistic per le administration autonome.<ref name="FestasExtremadura2026">{{Cite web |url=https://doe.juntaex.es/pdfs/doe/2026/810o/26060990.pdf |title=Resolución de 21 de abril de 2026, de la Consejería de Cultura, Turismo y Deportes, sobre ayudas a fiestas de interés turístico de Extremadura |website=Diario Oficial de Extremadura |date=2026-04-29 |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> Le patrimonio immaterial continua a esser subjectate a mesuras de protection. In 2026, le [[caza de perdiz con reclamo]] in Extremadura esseva declarate [[Bien de Interés Cultural]] con character de patrimonio cultural immaterial.<ref name="Perdiz2026">{{Cite web |url=https://doe.juntaex.es/otrosFormatos/html.php?anio=2026&doe=1380o&xml=2026040178 |title=Decreto 147/2026, de 14 de julio, por el que se declara Bien de Interés Cultural a favor de la "Caza de perdiz con reclamo en Extremadura" |website=Diario Oficial de Extremadura |date=2026-07-20 |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> In le mesme anno, le administration autonome incoava le expediente pro declarar le [[Los Auroros de Zarza Capilla|Auroros de Zarza Capilla]] como Bien de Interés Cultural con character de patrimonio cultural immaterial.<ref name="Auroros2026">{{Cite web |url=https://doe.juntaex.es/otrosFormatos/html.php?anio=2026&doe=1270o&xml=2026061726 |title=Resolución de 23 de junio de 2026, del Consejero, por la que se incoa expediente de declaración como Bien de Interés Cultural de Los Auroros de Zarza Capilla |website=Diario Oficial de Extremadura |date=2026-07-03 |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> ==== Festas ==== [[File:Panoramica Womad 2009.jpg|thumb|Le Placia Major de Cáceres durante le celebration del [[WOMAD]] 2009]] Extremadura possede un grande numero de festas recognoscite como de interesse turistic a nivello regional, national o international. Illas comprende carnavales, festas religiose, celebrationes historic e manifestationes ligate al traditiones local. Le [[Carnaval de Badajoz]] es un del carnavales le plus importante de Espania e possede le recognition de Festa de Interesse Turistic International. Le Carnaval Hurdano es un altere importante manifestation carnavalesque e possede le recognition regional.<ref name="FestasExtremadura2026"/> Le [[Septimana Sancte]] es celebrate con particular solemnitate in diverse citates. Inter le celebrationes con recognition international se trova le Septimana Sancte de [[Mérida]], [[Cáceres]] e [[Badajoz]].<ref name="SemanaSanta2026">{{Cite web |url=https://www.juntaex.es/w/semana-santa-extremadura-interes-turistico-internacional-2026 |title=La Semana Santa de Mérida, Cáceres y Badajoz recibe la declaración de Fiesta de Interés Turístico Internacional |website=Junta de Extremadura |date=2026-02-18 |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> [[File:Desfile-comparsas-badajoz.jpg|thumb|[[Carnaval de Badajoz]], [[Appendice:Festas de Interesse Turistic International (Espania)|Festa de Interesse Turistic International]] ]] Inter le festas regionalmente recognoscite se trova: * le [[Jarramplas]] de Piornal; * le [[Peropalo]] de Villanueva de la Vera; * le [[Encamisá]] de Torrejoncillo; * le [[Carnaval Hurdano]]; * le [[Almossassa]] de Badajoz; * le [[Festival Templario]] de Jerez de los Caballeros; * le [[Emérita Lvdica]] de Mérida; * le [[Boda Regia]] de Valencia de Alcántara; * le [[De la Luna al Fuego]] de Zafra; * le [[La Velá, Tradición y Gastronomía]] de Don Benito; * le [[Matanza Tradicional Extremeña]] de Llerena; * le [[Feria del Toro]] de Olivenza.<ref name="FestasExtremadura2026"/> Le calendario de festas de interesse turistic es regularmente actualisate per le Junta de Extremadura. ==== Dances e musica popular ==== Le musica popular extremaduran comprende un grande varietate de cantiones e dances traditional. Inter le formas plus cognoscite se trova le [[jota]], le [[fandango]], le [[rondeña]], le [[perantón]] e altere sones regional. Le tradition musical varia inter le comarcas e es associate a festas, peregrinationes, labores agricole e celebrationes familiar. Inter le instrumentos traditional se trova le [[gaita extremaduran]], le tambur, le guitarra, le [[laúd]], le [[rabel]], le pandero e altere instrumentos de percussion. Le musica flamenco ha etiam un importantia in le region. Le [[jaleo extremaduran]] e le [[tango extremaduran]] es formas regional del flamenco. Le collection e studio del musica traditional extremaduran esseva promovite inter alteres per musicologos como [[Bonifacio Gil]] e [[Manuel García Matos]], qui recolligeva e documentava un grande numero de cantiones popular. === Gastronomia === Le gastronomia de Extremadura es ligate al agricultura, al pecuaria e al paisage del [[dehesa]]. Le cuisine traditional usa frequentemente carne de porco, agnello, caseo, legumines, cereales, olivas, fructos, miel e spetias. Le [[porco iberic]] e le productos derivate de illo, in particular le [[prosciutto iberic]], le palettas e le embutitos, constitue un del productos plus cognoscite del gastronomia regional. Le allevamento traditional in le dehesa es ligate al production del carne e del prosciutto iberic. Inter le platos traditional se trova le [[migas]], le [[caldereta de agnello]], le [[chanfaina]], le [[cachuela]], le [[frito extremaduran]], le [[potage de vigilia]] e altere platos a base de carne, legumines e productos del campania. Le [[torta del Casar]] es un caseo traditional del provincia de Cáceres e possede denomination de origine protegite. Le [[Pimentón de la Vera]], producite in le comarca de La Vera, es un paprika fumate con denomination de origine protegite.<ref name="TortaCasar">{{Cite web |url=https://www.juntaex.es/w/torta-del-casar |title=Torta del Casar |website=Junta de Extremadura |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref><ref name="PimentonVera">{{Cite web |url=https://www.juntaex.es/w/pimenton-de-la-vera |title=Pimentón de la Vera |website=Junta de Extremadura |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> Inter le altere productos del region protegite per denominationes de origine o indicationes geographic se trova [[Ribera del Guadiana]], [[Dehesa de Extremadura]], [[Queso de la Serena]], [[Queso de Ibores]], [[Aceite de Monterrubio]], [[Gata-Hurdes]], [[Cereza del Jerte]], [[Miel Villuercas-Ibores]], [[Ternera de Extremadura]], [[Cordero de Extremadura]], [[Queso de Acehúche]], [[Cabrito de Extremadura]], [[Vaca de Extremadura]] e [[Aceite Villuercas-Ibores-Jara]].<ref name="DOPIGP2026">{{Cite web |url=https://doe.juntaex.es/otrosFormatos/html.php?anio=2026&doe=1280o&xml=2026061747 |title=Convocatoria 2026 de ayudas destinadas a promover la participación en los regímenes de calidad de los productos agrícolas y alimenticios en Extremadura |website=Diario Oficial de Extremadura |date=2026-07-06 |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> Le [[corco]] ha etiam un rol importante in le paisage rural del region, specialmente in le dehesas, ubi le exploitation del corco es associate al conservation del ecosystema mediterranee e al economia traditional. <gallery mode="packed" style="margin:0;"> B34 morcon iberico cular.jpg|[[Morcón]] [[cerdo ibérico|ibérico]] Patatera dulce.jpg|[[Patatera]] dulce Pimenton-ahumado-candeleda.jpg|[[Pimentón de la Vera]] Wikicheese - Tortita - 20160520 - 014.jpg|[[Torta del Casar]] </gallery> === Linguas === [[File:Idiomas de Extremadura.PNG|thumb|Linguas de Extremadura.]] Le [[espaniol]] es le sol lingua official de Extremadura. Ultra le espaniol, le region conserva varie formas de linguage romanice traditional. [[A Fala]] es parlate in le [[Valle de Jálama]], specialmente in [[San Martín de Trevejo]], [[Eljas]] e [[Valverde del Fresno]]. Le administration autonome ha recognoscite A Fala como elemento del patrimonio cultural e ha initiate le procedura pro su protection como [[Bien de Interés Cultural]].<ref name="AFala">{{Cite web |url=https://doe.juntaex.es/ultimosdoe/mostrardoe.php?fecha=20001028&t=o |title=Orden de 14 de junio de 2000, por la que resuelve incoar el expediente para declaración de A Fala como bien de interés cultural |website=Diario Oficial de Extremadura |date=2000-10-28 |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> Le [[portugese]] ha un presentia historic in varie localitates del frontiera con Portugal. Le caso de [[Olivenza]] es particularemente importante per le historia linguistic e cultural del citate e de su area. Le [[extremadurano]] designa un insimul de varietates romanice occidental traditionalmente associate con le dominio astur-leonese. Illas es concentrate principalmente in le occidental e septentrional del region e in areas adjacente. Le transmission del varietates traditional ha diminuite durante le ultime decennios. === Religion === [[File:Cristo Serradilla.JPG|thumb|[[Sancte Christo del Victoria de Serradilla]], un del imagines de Christo con plus devotos de Espania]] Le [[catholicismo]] ha habite un rol historic importante in le cultura e le patrimonio de Extremadura. Le territorio es organisate ecclesiasticamente inter le [[Archidioecese de Mérida-Badajoz]], le [[Diocese de Coria-Cáceres]] e le [[Diocese de Plasencia]]. Le patrimonio religiose del region include un grande numero de ecclesias, monasterios, conventos e santuarios. Inter le locos plus importante se trova le [[Real Monasterio de Santa María de Guadalupe]], le [[Monasterio de Yuste]] e le [[Monasterio de Tentudía]]. Le [[Virgine de Guadalupe]] ha un importantia historic e religiose particular, e le monasterio de Guadalupe esseva inscripte in le Lista del Patrimonio Mundial in 1993.<ref name="UNESCO_Guadalupe"/> Hodie, le population de Extremadura es religiosemente plus diverse que in le passato. Ultra le catholicismo, il existe communitates de altere confessiones christian, musulman, judaic e altere traditiones religiose, assi como un crescente numero de personas sin affiliation religiose. === Medios de communication === Le medios de communication in Extremadura comprende pressa scribite, radio, television e medios digital. Le medios regionales tracta principalmente le actualitate politic, social, economic e cultural del communitate. ==== Pressa scribite ==== Inter le diarios regional se trova [[Hoy]], con principal presentia historic in le provincia de Badajoz, e [[El Periódico Extremadura]], con forte presentia historic in le provincia de Cáceres. Ultra le pressa regional, le population ha accesso a diarios national e a un crescente numero de medios digital local e regional. ==== Radio e television ==== Le principal servicio public regional es [[Canal Extremadura]], que opera television e radio. Le station radio [[Canal Extremadura Radio]] diffunde information regional e local, cultura, sport, musica e altere programmationes. In septembre 2026, le station inaugurava un nove saison con plus information local e nove formatos pro radio e plataformas digital.<ref name="CanalExtremadura2026">{{Cite web |url=https://www.canalextremadura.es/sala-de-prensa/canal-extremadura-radio-estrena-temporada-con-mas-informacion-local-mas-calle-y |title=Canal Extremadura Radio estrena temporada con más información local, más calle y nuevos formatos |website=Canal Extremadura |date=2026-09-07 |access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> Le television regional, [[Canal Extremadura TV]], diffunde notitias, programas cultural, sport, divertimento e information sobre le actualitate del communitate. Le gruppo public regional es completate per servicios digital e le plataforma [[EXPlay]]. Le servicios territorial de [[RTVE]], [[Televisión Española]] e [[Radio Nacional de España]] contribue etiam al cobertura del actualitate regional. {{Ref}} {{Communitates Autonome de Espania}} [[Categoria:Extremadura]] 3cnyo1ztzk4yqq5x2lsay42gzcnarxx 0 59547 704863 690931 2026-10-19T21:27:17Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704863 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox/typo/languoid}} Le '''lingua lombarde''' (nomine native: ''lombard'', scripte con le orthographia classic milanese, pronunciate /lumˈbaːrt/, codice ISO 639-3 <small>LMO</small>) es un [[lingua]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/lmo|title=639 Identifier Documentation: lmo|language=en|work=ISO 639-3|publisher=SIL Global}}</ref><ref name=":03">{{cite web|language=en|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/lmo/|title=Lombard|language=en|work=Ethnologue|publisher=SIL Global}}</ref><ref name="CSPL2">{{Cite web|url=https://patrimonilinguistici.it/la-lingua-lombarda-esiste/ |title=La lingua lombarda esiste? |date=2017-02-09 |work=Patrimoni Linguistici |language=it}}</ref> appertinente al ramo gallo-cisalpin del [[linguas romanic]] occidental,<ref name="Gallo">{{cite web|url=https://patrimonilinguistici.it/galloitalico/|title=Galloitalico: più gallo o più italico?|work=Patrimoni Linguistici|language=it|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404015639/https://patrimonilinguistici.it/galloitalico/|archivedate=2019-04-04|accessdate=2025-12-18}}</ref><ref name="Brasca2022">{{cite web|first=Lissander|last=Brasca|title=Classification of Gallo-"Italic": Current issues in the literature and proposals for a solution|trans-title=Classification del gallo-italico: problemas currente in le litteratura e propositiones pro un solution|year=2022|language=en|url=https://pure.bangor.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/58917398/2023Brascaphd.pdf|publisher=Bangor University|format=pdf}}</ref> characterisate per un substrato celtic e per un superstrato lombarde antique. Illo se parla principalmente in [[Lombardia]] e in le parte oriental de [[Pedemonte]], in [[Switza]] e in le provincia de [[Trento]], per 3.5 milliones de personas, circa 30% del population local.<ref name="bonfadini">{{Cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/dialetti-lombardi_(Enciclopedia-dell'Italiano)/ |title=Lombardi, dialetti |language=it |work=Enciclopedia dell'Italiano |year=2010 |publisher=Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana}}</ref> Iste lingua es strictemente ligate al altere linguas gallo-cisalpin contigue a illo, como le [[lingua emilian|emiliano]] e le [[Lingua pedemontese|pedemontese]], sed etiam a altere [[linguas gallo-romanic]] como le [[Lingua occitan|occitano]], le [[Lingua romancie|romancio]] e le [[Lingua francese|francese]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Lombard|title=Lombard|work=The Free Dictionary|publisher=Farlex|quote=Any of a group of Romance languages spoken in Lombardy and adjacent regions and closely related to Provençal, Romansh, Franco-Provençal, and French}}</ref> == Referentias == {{reflist}} [[Categoria:Lingua lombarde]] iryhyx1pmio9tpa138n0s0219j1s9hv 0 59823 704913 683756 2026-10-20T09:23:27Z Interlingvisto 60932 704913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox/articulo}} '''Decidix''' (''decide'' in [[valenciano]]) es un federation de partidos politic [[Communitate Valencian|valencian]] e valencianiste de ambito regional, nascite a partir del plataforma ''L’Encontre'' ("Le Incontro"), create in le anno 2020 pro coordinar le effortios del consilieros municipal e de differente partidos valencianiste de ambito local in varie municipios. Le objectivo del federation es unir le valencianismo politic. == Historia == Le federation Decidix esseva create in decembre del anno 2021, e in maio 2022 formalisava su presentation public al medios in le Parco de Cabecera del citate de [[Valencia]]. == Objectivos == In decembre 2021, un decena de partitos autonomic e municipal appartenente a ''L’Encontre'' concordava unir se pro crear un fortia politic valencian robuste. Illes esseva aperte a unir tote illes partitos e personas que vole reverter le situation de disavantage que le valencianos ha patite durante decennios, con le objectivo de finalmente crear un fortia politic valencian que ponerea Valencia sur le mappa del investimentos, del developpamento industrial e scientific, bases fundamental pro le creation de labor e le enrichmento del economia valencian, e pro defender le idiosyncrasia valencian, su cultura e lingua. == Partitos politic federate == Le federation unifica e adde le partitos politic de ambito regional Acció Nacionalista Valenciana, Poble Democràtic e Avant, assi como altere partitos de ambito municipal como Gent per Benifayo, Sumant per Torrent, Independents per Montroy, Valencians per Moncada e Units per Gandia. == Consilieros == Decidix habeva consilieros municipal in le localitates valencian de [[Albal]], [[Benifayó]] e [[Montroy]]. Le federation Decidix, como proprie federation, se presentava pro le prime vice al electiones local e autonomic del 28 de maio 2023, ubi illo obteneva representation municipal in 5 municipios valencian: Albal, 2 consilieros; Alcalalí, 1 consiliero; Palmera, 1 consiliero; e Montroy, con un altere consiliero.Mesmo si illo presentava listas de candidatos pro le ''Cortes Valencianas'', illo non obteneva alcun representante in alicun del tres circumscriptiones provincial. [[Categoria:Partitos politic del Communitate Valencian]] 8sz35n8tiwr7vdqql1ltjatus6r1a81 0 60690 704929 698641 2026-10-20T10:22:12Z Interlingvisto 60932 704929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Conflicto militar | conflict = Fortification militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente in 2026 | partof = [[Crisis Iran–Statos Unite (2025–2026)]] | image = [[File:Abraham Lincoln Carrier Strike Group Conducts Photo Exercise.jpg|197px]] | caption = Gruppo de Attacco de Porta-aviones 3 naviga in formation in le Mar Arabe, le 6 de februario 2026. | data = 26 de januario 2026 – presente | place = [[Oriente Medie]] | resultato = Escalation del tensiones regional; attaccos aere coordinate contra Iran | combatant1 = Statos Unite | combatant2 = Iran | commander1 = [[Donald Trump]] | commander2 = | strength1 = Duo gruppos de portaviones<br />Plus de 100 aviones de combat<br />Navos de guerra e systemas antimissilia | strength2 = | casualties1 = | casualties2 = }} Comenciante in le fin de januario 2026, le [[Statos Unite]] realisava su plus grande concentration militar in le Oriente Medie desde le [[invasion de Iraq de 2003]], disployante ressources de defensa aeree, naval e de missiles in medio de [[crise de 2026 inter Iran e le Statos Unite|tensiones escalante]] con [[Iran]], lo que le Statos Unite ha attribuite al [[programma nuclear de Iran]], al [[protestas iranian de 2025–2026]], e a un [[massacres de 2026 in Iran|repression governamental que occideva milles de demonstrantes]].<ref name="Cancian">{{Cite journal |last=Cancian |first=Mark F. |last2=Park |first2=Chris H. |date=20 February 2026 |title=U.S. Military in the Middle East: Numbers Behind Trump's Threats Against Iran |url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/us-military-middle-east-numbers-behind-trumps-threats-against-iran |journal=Center for Strategic and International Studies |language=en |archive-date=24 February 2026 |access-date=22 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260224203756/https://www.csis.org/analysis/us-military-middle-east-numbers-behind-trumps-threats-against-iran |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=24 February 2026 |title=Over 150 U.S. aircraft sweep into Europe, Middle East as Trump mulls strikes |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/2026/02/24/united-states-iran-buildup/ |access-date=27 February 2026 |work=The Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=24 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260224170056/https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/2026/02/24/united-states-iran-buildup/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Le 28 de februario 2026, isto culminava in un [[attacos de 2026 de Israel e le Statos Unite contra Iran|serie de attaccos militar juncte]] in Iran per le Statos Unite e [[Israel]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2026 |title=US and Israel launch strikes against Iran |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/israel-launches-preemptive-strike-against-iran/ |access-date=28 February 2026 |website=Politico |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2026 |title=US and Israel launch attack on Iran, as Trump says 'major combat operations' under way - follow live |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cn5ge95q6y7t |access-date=28 February 2026 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=28 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260228065750/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cn5ge95q6y7t |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Boxerman |first=Aaron |last2=Pager |first2=Tyler |last3=Fassihi |first3=Farnaz |last4=Bergman |first4=Ronen |date=28 February 2026 |title=U.S. and Israel Attack Iran as Trump Calls for Change in Government: Live Updates |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2026/02/28/world/iran-strikes-trump |access-date=28 February 2026 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Le ressources displaciate includeva le [[Carrier Strike Group 3]] e le [[Carrier Strike Group 12]] del [[United States Navy|Marina del Statos Unite]], ducite respectivemente per le [[USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72)|USS ''Abraham Lincoln'']] e le [[USS Gerald R. Ford|USS ''Gerald R. Ford'']]. Iste gruppos supporta missiles de cruisera, chassatores [[Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II|F-35C Lightning II]] e [[Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet|F/A-18E Super Hornet]], e altere aeronaves. Le [[Fortia Aeree del Statos Unite]] displaciava chassatores additional [[Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor|F-22 Raptor]] e [[McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle|F-15E Strike Eagle]] a bases in [[Israel]] e [[Jordania]] respectivemente, assi como grande numeros de [[tanker aircraft|aviones cisternas]]. In tarde januario, le [[Statos del Golfo (Medie Oriente)|statos del Golfo]] secundo reportos blocava le accesso a bases militar e al spatio aeree al SUA per timor de retaliation iranian.<ref name="Ward" /><ref name="Heinrich" /> == Antecedentes == {{AP|Protestos iranian de 2025–2026|Massacres de Iran de 2026|Reactiones al protestos iranian de 2025–2026}} Le Statos Unite ha mantenite un presentia militar in le [[Oriente Medie]] depost le initio del era del [[Guerra Frigide]], expandente lo significatemente post le [[Guerra del Golfo]] e le invasion de Iraq in 2003, mantenente installationes militar in al minus dece-novem sitos in le Oriente Medie, in paises incluse [[Bahrain]], [[Iraq]], [[Jordania]], [[Kuwait]], [[Qatar]], [[Arabia Saudita]], e le [[Emiratos Arabe Unite]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 de junio 2025 |title=Fortias del S.U. in le Oriente Medie: Mappante le Presentia Militar |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/us-forces-middle-east-mapping-military-presence |access-date=27 de februario 2026 |website=Council on Foreign Relations |language=en |archive-date=14 de februario 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260214182910/https://www.cfr.org/articles/us-forces-middle-east-mapping-military-presence |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 de januario 2026 |title=Ubi es le principal bases militar del S.U. in le Oriente Medie? |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/us-military-facilities-middle-east-2025-06-22/ |url-status= |website=[[Reuters]] |access-date=5 de februario 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Burgess |first=Annika |last2=Lim |first2=Alex |date=23 de junio 2025 |title=Naves de guerra, truppas, bases: Un mirada al activos militar del S.U. in le Oriente Medie |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-06-24/us-military-assets-bases-middle-east-iran-israel-conflict/105427980 |access-date=28 de januario 2026 |work=ABC News |language=en-AU |archive-date=28 de januario 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260128232359/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-06-24/us-military-assets-bases-middle-east-iran-israel-conflict/105427980 |url-status=live }}</ref> Le pression del Statos Unite sur Iran se intensificava durante le [[Prime presidentia de Donald Trump|prime mandato de Trump]]. In maio 2018, le administration de Trump annunciava que le Statos Unite exirea del [[Plan de Action Conjuncte e Comprehensive]] e applicarea un politica de [[Campania de pression maxime|pression maxime]] sur le economia de Iran, centrante le strategia sur sanctiones economic comprehensive.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Possibile retorno del S.U. al Accordo Nuclear con Iran: Questiones Frequente |url=https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R46663 |access-date=27 de februario 2026 |website=congress.gov |archive-date=2 de april 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250402083143/https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R46663 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |year=2020 |title=Le Campania de 'Pression Maxime' del Presidente Trump e le Final de Iran |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09700161.2020.1841099?journalCode=rsan20 |archive-date=28 de novembre 2021 |access-date=10 de februario 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128202314/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09700161.2020.1841099?journalCode=rsan20 |url-status=live }}</ref> Le 4 de februario 2025, al initio de su [[Secunde presidentia de Donald Trump|secunde mandato]], Trump signava un [[Memorando Presidential de Securitate National]] restorante le politica de pression maxime, dirigente le [[Departimento del Tresor del Statos Unite]] a imponer sanctiones economic maxime sur Iran e le [[Departimento de Stato del Statos Unite]] a ducer un campania visante a reducer le exportationes de petroleo iranian a zero.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Wagner |first1=Meg |last2=Rocha |first2=Veronica |date=9 de maio 2018 |title=Trump se retira del accordo nuclear con Iran: Actualisationes in vivo |url=https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/trump-iran-nuclear-deal |access-date=22 de februario 2026 |publisher=CNN |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180509005943/https://edition.cnn.com/politics/live-news/trump-iran-nuclear-deal/ |archive-date=9 de maio 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Trump |first=Donald J. |date=5 de februario 2025 |title=Fact Sheet: Presidente Donald J. Trump restora le Pression Maxime sur Iran |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/02/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-restores-maximum-pressure-on-iran/ |access-date=27 de februario 2026 |website=The White House |language=en-US |archive-date=22 de februario 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260222074530/https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/02/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-restores-maximum-pressure-on-iran/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Le tensiones escalava acutemente al fin de 2025. Le 28 de decembre 2025, protestos erumpeva post un collapso subite del [[Rial iranian|numerario de Iran]], in medio de un [[Inflation in Iran|inflation]] galopante e conditiones de vita pejorante, comenciante con le commerciantes in le [[Grande Bazar de Teheran]] ante de extender se per tote le pais.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 de januario 2026 |title=Que occurreva in le protestos in Iran? |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2026/01/what-happened-at-the-protests-in-iran/ |access-date=27 de februario 2026 |publisher=Amnesty International |language=en |archive-date=26 de februario 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260226092409/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2026/01/what-happened-at-the-protests-in-iran/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Le autoritates iranian respondeva con un repression, e le 8 de januario 2026, [[Blocada de internet in Iran de 2026|trenchava omne accesso a internet al pais]]. [[Human Rights Watch]] trovava evidentia de un escalation coordinate in le uso de [[Fortia letal|fortia letal]] a partir del 8 de januario, con protestantes e spectatores colpate per ballas in le capite e le torso.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 de februario 2026 |title=Iran: Situation del Derectos Human entra in un crise plus profunde |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2026/02/04/iran-human-rights-situation-spirals-deeper-into-crisis |access-date=27 de februario 2026 |language=en |publisher=Human Rights Watch |archive-date=18 de februario 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260218213737/https://www.hrw.org/news/2026/02/04/iran-human-rights-situation-spirals-deeper-into-crisis |url-status=live }}</ref> Le numero de mortes remaneva contestate a causa del blocada de communicationes. Le governamento de Iran fixava le cifra a 3.117; activistas de derectos human contava al minus 6.126 mortos, recognoscente que le numero real non poteva esser verificate independentemente.<ref>{{Cite news |last=n.a. |agency=The Associated Press |date=27 de januario 2026 |title=Al minus 6.126 personas occidite in le repression de Iran contra le protestos national, dice activistas |url=https://www.npr.org/2026/01/27/nx-s1-5689793/6-126-iran-crackdown-protests-death-toll |access-date=27 de februario 2026 |publisher=NPR |language=en |archive-date=31 de januario 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260131162351/https://www.npr.org/2026/01/27/nx-s1-5689793/6-126-iran-crackdown-protests-death-toll |url-status=live }}</ref> Le 13 de januario, parlante in [[Detroit]], Trump diceva al protestantes iranian de "continuar a protestar" e que "le adjuta es in cammino," promittente punir le fortias de securitate responsabile pro le murtrios e annunciante que ille habeva cancellate omne reuniones con officiales iranian usque le repression cessava.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/jan/13/trump-promises-iran-help-tells-iranians-keep-protesting |title=Trump promitte que 'le adjuta es in cammino' e dice al iranianos de 'continuar a protestar' |work=The Guardian |date=13 de januario 2026 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Warsi |first=Zeba |date=13 de januario 2026 |title=Dum protestantes iranian fface un repression impitoyabile, Trump dice que le adjuta es 'in cammino' |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/as-iran-protesters-face-ruthless-crackdown-trump-says-help-on-its-way |access-date=27 de februario 2026 |website=PBS News |language=en-us |archive-date=19 de februario 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260219132611/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/as-iran-protesters-face-ruthless-crackdown-trump-says-help-on-its-way |url-status=live }}</ref> Le Statos Unite tunc comenciava a reinfortiar su presentia militar in le region.<ref name="Roth">{{Cite news |last=Roth |first=Andrew |date=27 de januario 2026 |title=S.U. annuncia exercitios militar aerial de plure dies in le Oriente Medie in medio de tensiones con Iran |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/jan/27/us-announces-multi-day-aerial-military-drills-in-the-middle-east-amid-iran-tensions |access-date=28 de januario 2026 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> == Displeiamento == [[File:US Navy Ships in the Middle East.png|thumb|369x369px|Displeiamentos de naves del Marina del SUA al Oriente Medie desde 2023]] Post le [[atacos del 7 de octobre]] in 2023, le Statos Unite manteneva al minus un porta-aviones in le Oriente Medie o le [[Mediterraneo oriental]]. Al initio del [[Secunde presidentia de Donald Trump|secunde mandato del Presidente Donald Trump]], duo porta-aviones esseva presente in le region durante que le Statos Unite realisava attaccos aeree e naval contra le fortias houthi como parte del [[Attacos del Statos Unite in Yemen de martio–maio 2025|Operation Rough Rider]]. Le copertura cessava brevemente a finales de 2025 quando le [[USS Gerald R. Ford]] esseva reassignate al [[Caribe]] como parte del [[Operation Southern Spear]]. Verso januario 2026, le augmento militar del SUA esseva reportate como le plus grande presentia naval in e circa le Oriente Medie desde que le [[crise regional (2023–presente)|crise regional]] comenciava in 2023.<ref name="Cancian" /> A medietate de januario 2026, le [[USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72)|USS Abraham Lincoln]] recipeva le ordine de ir al area de operationes del [[Commando Central del Statos Unite|CENTCOM]] e arrivava le 26 de januario con su gruppo de attacco, includente [[Contratorpedinero|contratorpedineros de missiles guidate]], [[cruciator]]es, vascellos de supporto, e aeronaves imbarcate tal como [[Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet|F/A-18E Super Hornets]], [[Boeing EA-18G Growler|EA-18G Growlers]], [[Grumman E-2 Hawkeye|E-2 Hawkeyes]], [[Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk#MH-60S|helicopteros MH-60]], e [[Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II|F-35C Lightning IIs]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2026/01/30/politics/us-military-equipment-middle-east-iran |title=Here's what military equipment the US has positioned in the Middle East as Trump considers an Iran strike |publisher=CNN |date=30 January 2026 |access-date=3 February 2026 |archive-date=1 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260201110758/https://edition.cnn.com/2026/01/30/politics/us-military-equipment-middle-east-iran/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Burchett |first=Caitlyn |date=26 January 2026 |title=Abraham Lincoln Carrier Strike Group Now in U.S. Central Command |url=https://news.usni.org/2026/01/26/abraham-lincoln-carrier-strike-group-now-in-u-s-central-command |access-date=22 February 2026 |website=USNI News |language=en-US |archive-date=10 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260210011913/https://news.usni.org/2026/01/26/abraham-lincoln-carrier-strike-group-now-in-u-s-central-command |url-status=live }}</ref> Ressources naval additional del SUA reportate in le region includeva naves de guerra positionate in le [[Stricto de Hormuz]], le [[Mar Rubie]], e le Mediterraneo, assi como [[nave de combatto littoral|naves de combatto littoral]] operante in le [[Golfo Persic]]. Componentes aeree esseva reinfortiate per [[McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle|F-15E Strike Eagle]] e altere aviones de chassa relocate de [[RAF Lakenheath]] al [[Base Aeree Muwaffaq Salti]] in [[Jordania]]. Fortias alliante, includente [[Eurofighter Typhoon]]s appertinente al [[Royal Air Force]], esseva anque stationate in le [[Base Aeree al-Udeid]] in [[Qatar]]. Durante tote le februario 2026, officiales del SUA signalava planes pro un presentia de porta-aviones expandite. [[The Wall Street Journal]] e altere medios reportava preparativos pro displayar le [[USS George H. W. Bush]], que completava exercitios proxime al costa de [[Virginia]] e indicava que porta-aviones additional poterea esser inviate pro reinfortiar le operationes.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Seligman |first1=Lara |last2=Holliday |first2=Shelby |last3=Weisgerber |first3=Marcus |date=11 February 2026 |title=Exclusive {{!}} Pentagon Prepares Second Aircraft Carrier to Deploy to the Middle East |url=https://www.wsj.com/politics/national-security/pentagon-prepares-second-aircraft-carrier-to-deploy-to-the-middle-east-e7140a64 |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=The Wall Street Journal |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cancian |first=Mark F. |last2=Park |first2=Chris H. |title=With Trump's Middle East Buildup, Think Desert Fox—Not Desert Storm |url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/trumps-middle-east-buildup-think-desert-fox-not-desert-storm |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=Center for Strategic and International Studies |language=en}}</ref>{{multiple image | total_width = 400 | image1 = US bases in the Middle East.svg | caption1 = Mappa del bases del SUA in le Oriente Medie | image2 = | caption2 = }} Le 13 de februario 2026, fontes declarava que le USS Gerald R. Ford esseva in route al Oriente Medie, creante un displayamento pauc commun de duo porta-aviones in le theatro in un momento de [[crise inter Iran e le Statos Unite de 2026|tensiones elevate con Iran]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Liptak |first1=Kevin |last2=Sciutto |first2=Jim |date=13 February 2026 |title=US sending second aircraft carrier group to Middle East, sources say |url=https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/13/politics/us-iran-aircraft-carrier |access-date=15 February 2026 |publisher=CNN |language=en |archive-date=14 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260214211229/https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/13/politics/us-iran-aircraft-carrier |url-status=live }}</ref> Reportos de plure medios notava que iste concentration de ressources aeree e naval del SUA constitueva un del posturas de fortia plus significante in le region desde le [[invasion de Iraq de 2003]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Seligman |first1=Lara |last2=Gordon |first2=Michael R. |last3=Ward |first3=Alexander |last4=Holliday |first4=Shelby |date=18 February 2026 |title=U.S. Gathers the Most Air Power in the Mideast Since the 2003 Iraq Invasion |url=https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/u-s-gathers-the-most-air-power-in-the-mideast-since-the-2003-iraq-invasion-98ced89f |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |archive-date=19 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260219013958/https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/u-s-gathers-the-most-air-power-in-the-mideast-since-the-2003-iraq-invasion-98ced89f |url-status=live }}</ref> Le 20 de februario, on reportava que le nave esseva vidite proxime al costa de [[Gibraltar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/uss-gerald-r-ford-aircraft-carrier-in-the-sea-waters-as-seen-from-gibraltar/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjY6bmV3c21sX1JDMk5QSkFCVEdVOQ |title=USS Gerald R. Ford aircraft carrier in the sea waters as seen from Gibraltar |date=20 February 2026 |website=Reuters Connect |access-date=22 February 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Bath |first=Alison |url=https://www.stripes.com/branches/navy/2026-02-20/ford-middle-east-mediterranean-iran-20813486.html |title=Ford carrier group arrives in Mediterranean, bringing more potential strike options against Iran |date=20 February 2026 |website=Stars and Stripes |access-date=22 February 2026 |archive-date=22 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260222145747/https://www.stripes.com/branches/navy/2026-02-20/ford-middle-east-mediterranean-iran-20813486.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Le arrivata del USS Gerald Ford e su gruppo de attacco marca le plus grande displayamento de ressources naval al region desde que cinque gruppos de battalia de porta-aviones se reuniva al initio del [[invasion de Iraq de 2003|Operation Iraqi Freedom]].<ref name="Cancian" /> Le 24 de februario 2026, on reportava que dece-duo aviones de chassa [[Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor|F-22]] habeva essite displayate al [[Base Aeree de Ovda]] in le sud de Israel, que habeva disponibile [[refugio blindate pro aviones|refugios blindate pro aviones]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2026 |title=US Moves F-22s To Israel As USS John Finn Gathers Near Iran |url=https://thekenyatimes.com/middle-east-news/new-us-warship-gathers-near-iran-f-22s-deployed-to-israel-amid-possible-strike/ |access-date=24 February 2026 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2026 |title=US F-22 Raptor Stealth Fighters Deploy to Israel Ovda Airbase |url=https://www.aeronewsjournal.com/2026/02/us-f-22-raptor-stealth-fighters-deploy.html |access-date=24 February 2026 |website=Aero News Journal |language=en |archive-date=27 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260227081319/https://www.aeronewsjournal.com/2026/02/us-f-22-raptor-stealth-fighters-deploy.html |url-status=live |accessdate=2 March 2026 |archivedate=27 February 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260227081319/https://www.aeronewsjournal.com/2026/02/us-f-22-raptor-stealth-fighters-deploy.html }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2026 |title=12 F-22 fighter jets land in Israel amid US tensions with Iran |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20260224-12-f-22-fighter-jets-land-in-israel-amid-us-tensions-with-iran/ |access-date=24 February 2026 |website=Middle East Monitor |archive-date=24 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260224195138/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20260224-12-f-22-fighter-jets-land-in-israel-amid-us-tensions-with-iran/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Iste esseva le prime displayamento de armamento offensive del SUA in Israel.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Segal |first=Amit |title=It's Noon in Israel: American Boots on Israeli Soil for the First Time |url=https://newsletter.amitsegal.net/p/its-noon-in-israel-american-boots |access-date=25 February 2026 |website=newsletter.amitsegal.net |language=en |archive-date=25 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260225203000/https://newsletter.amitsegal.net/p/its-noon-in-israel-american-boots |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Fox News]] e ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' habeva previemente reportate que le SUA habeva essite blocate per [[Statos arabe del Golfo Persic|alliados del Golfo]] de usar lor bases e spatio aeree pro attaccos contra Iran per timor de retaliation.<ref name="Ward">{{Cite web |last=Ward |first=Alexander |date=28 January 2026 |title=Key Gulf Allies Say They Won't Aid U.S. in an Iran Strike, Limiting Trump's Options |url=https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/key-gulf-allies-say-they-wont-aid-u-s-in-an-iran-strike-limiting-trumps-options-47e1ce3d |access-date=25 February 2026 |website=The Wall Street Journal |language=en-US |last2=Gordon |first2=Michael R. |last3=Holliday |first3=Shelby |archive-date=5 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260205010725/https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/key-gulf-allies-say-they-wont-aid-u-s-in-an-iran-strike-limiting-trumps-options-47e1ce3d |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Heinrich">{{Cite web |last=Heinrich |first=Jacqui |last2=Pinedo |first2=Peter |date=30 January 2026 |title=Saudis won't let the US use its bases or airspace for an attack on Iran, senior Gulf official reveals |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/saudis-wont-let-us-use-its-bases-airspace-attack-iran-says-senior-gulf-official |access-date=25 February 2026 |publisher=Fox News |language=en-US |archive-date=19 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260219111224/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/saudis-wont-let-us-use-its-bases-airspace-attack-iran-says-senior-gulf-official |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Why Arab states are terrified of US war with Iran {{!}} Responsible Statecraft |url=https://responsiblestatecraft.org/iran-war-gulf-states/ |access-date=25 February 2026 |website=responsiblestatecraft.org |language=en |archive-date=25 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260225090222/https://responsiblestatecraft.org/iran-war-gulf-states/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Le 26 de februario 2026, Fox News reportava que le [[Activitate de Supporto Naval Bahrain|Quartiero General del Flotta del SUA in Bahrain]] habeva essite reducite a minus de 100 personas de mission critic. Photos de satellite revelava que tote le naves del SUA basate in Bahrain habeva lassate le porto. Ambe passos habeva essite prendite previemente como mesuras defensive in 2025 ante le [[attaccos del Statos Unite contra sitos nuclear iranian]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Greg Norman-Diamond |first=Lucas Tomlinson |date=26 February 2026 |title=US Navy reduces staff to 'mission critical' levels in Bahrain ahead of potential strikes on Iran: officials |url=https://www.foxnews.com/us/us-navy-reduces-staff-mission-critical-levels-bahrain-ahead-potential-strikes-iran-officials |access-date=26 February 2026 |publisher=Fox News |language=en-US |archive-date=27 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260227124036/https://www.foxnews.com/us/us-navy-reduces-staff-mission-critical-levels-bahrain-ahead-potential-strikes-iran-officials |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=26 February 2026 |title=US Navy withdraws all vessels from Bahrain base amid rising tensions with Iran |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20260226-us-navy-withdraws-all-vessels-from-bahrain-base-amid-rising-tensions-with-iran/ |access-date=26 February 2026 |website=Middle East Monitor |archive-date=26 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260226103501/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20260226-us-navy-withdraws-all-vessels-from-bahrain-base-amid-rising-tensions-with-iran/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Le 27 de februario, le [[USS Gerald R. Ford|USS ''Gerald R. Ford'']] esseva initialmente displayate proxime al costa de Israel. Le numero total de aviones cisterna de reabastimento del [[Fortia Aeree del Statos Unite]] displayate in le [[Aeroporto Ben Gurion]] de Israel ascendeva a 14, permittente al [[ala aeree de porta-aviones|alas aeree de porta-aviones]] del Ford un radio de action sufficiente pro poter attinger Iran.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Fabian |first=Emanuel |date=27 February 2026 |title=9 US refueling tankers arrived at Ben Gurion overnight, tracking data shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/9-us-refueling-tankers-arrived-at-ben-gurion-overnight-tracking-data-shows/ |access-date=28 February 2026 |work=The Times of Israel |language=en-US |issn=0040-7909}}</ref> Le 28 de februario, le Statos Unite e Israel reportava que illes habeva realisate attaccos militar contra Iran. Explosiones esseva reportate in le centro de Teheran, secundo le station e agentia de novas iranian semiofficial Fars.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Boxerman |first=Aaron |last2=Fassihi |first2=Farnaz |date=28 February 2026 |title=Live Updates: U.S. and Israel Conduct Strikes on Iran |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2026/02/28/world/iran-strikes-trump |access-date=28 February 2026 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Le [[Hevrat HaHadashot|Canal 12 de Novas]] de Israel revelava pauc post que le attaccos comenciava que le information super le displayamento del F-22 del SUA esseva filtrate como parte de un operation de deception conjuncte pro celar que le preparativos de attacco esseva plus avantiate in altere bases. Isto resultava in que grande gruppos de alte officiales iranian se reuniva, includente le [[Leader Supreme de Iran|Leader Supreme iranian]] [[Ali Khamenei]], qui esseva tunc targettate in le attaccos initial del guerra.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Avraham |first=Yaron |last2=Davori |first2=Nir |last3=Segal |first3=Amit |date=2026-02-28 |title=30 בכירים איראנים הותקפו בחצי דקה, חלקם הותקפו במקום המסתור |url=https://www.mako.co.il/news-military/2026_q1/Article-df96fd26975ac91026.htm |access-date=2026-03-01 |website=N12 |language=he}}</ref> === Incidentes === Le 3 de februario 2026, le [[Commando Central del SUA]] diceva que elementos del [[Marina del Corpore de Guardas del Revolution Islamic]] de Iran tentava intercepter e abordar le petroleiro de bandiera statounitese M/V Stena Imperative in le Stricto de Hormuz. Le vascello continuava su curso verso le [[Mar de Arabia]] sub le escorta del cruciator de missiles guidate [[USS McFaul]] post que le fortias naval del SUA interveniva.<ref>{{Cite news|date=3 February 2026|title=US military shoots down Iranian drone approaching USS Abraham Lincoln in Arabian Sea, official says|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/us-military-shoots-down-iranian-drone-approaching-uss-abraham-lincoln-arabian-sea-official-says|access-date=3 February 2026|publisher=Fox News|archive-date=3 February 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260203175355/https://www.foxnews.com/world/us-military-shoots-down-iranian-drone-approaching-uss-abraham-lincoln-arabian-sea-official-says|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=3 February 2026 |title=Iranian boats approach U.S.-flagged tanker in Strait of Hormuz, maritime sources say |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/armed-boats-attempt-intercept-vessel-strait-hormuz-ukmto-says-2026-02-03/ |access-date=3 February 2026 |work=Reuters}}</ref> Durante le mesme die, un F-35C del SUA assignate al USS Abraham Lincoln abbatteva un drone iranian [[Shahed 139|Shahed-139]] que volava verso le porta-aviones in le Mar de Arabia; le Commando Central del SUA characterisava le approche del drone como un menacia potential e declarava que il non habeva victimas ni damnos a ressources del SUA in le incontro. Medios de stato iranian diceva que le drone habeva completate un mission de vigilantia in aquas international.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ali |first=Idrees |last2=Stewart |first2=Phil |date=3 February 2026 |title=Exclusive: US shoots down Iranian drone approaching aircraft carrier, official says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/us-shoots-down-iranian-drone-approaching-aircraft-carrier-official-says-2026-02-03/ |access-date=3 February 2026 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=3 February 2026|title=Iran's Fars News Agency says that an Iranian drone completed a 'surveillance mission in international waters' after U.S. military said it shot down an Iranian drone|url=https://www.marketscreener.com/news/iran-s-fars-news-agency-says-that-an-iranian-drone-completed-a-surveillance-mission-in-internationa-ce7e5bd3dd8ef227|publisher=MarketScreener|agency=Reuters|access-date=27 February 2026|archive-date=3 February 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260203195228/https://www.marketscreener.com/news/iran-s-fars-news-agency-says-that-an-iranian-drone-completed-a-surveillance-mission-in-internationa-ce7e5bd3dd8ef227|url-status=live}}</ref> Le 5 de februario, medios de stato iranian reportava que le [[Corpore de Guardas del Revolution Islamic|CGRI]] sasiva duo petroleiros de bandiera estranier proxime al [[Insula Farsi]] in le Golfo Persic, transferente los al porto de [[Bushehr]] e allegante que le vascellos esseva implicate in le contrabando de combustibile.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/amp/Business/wireStory/iran-seizes-2-foreign-oil-tankers-persian-gulf-129880932 |title=Iran seizes 2 foreign oil tankers in Persian Gulf, state media says |publisher=ABC News |date=5 February 2026 |access-date=5 February 2026 |archive-date=5 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260205153905/https://abcnews.go.com/amp/Business/wireStory/iran-seizes-2-foreign-oil-tankers-persian-gulf-129880932 |url-status=live }}</ref> Secundo Defense Express, un [[Northrop Grumman MQ-4C Triton]] dispariva super le Stricto de Hormuz post inviar un [[Lista de codices de transponder#7700|codice 7700]] que significa un emergentia.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Iran May Have Shot Down Second U.S. MQ-4C Triton Drone — In Exact Same Spot as 2019 Incident |date=26 February 2026 |url=https://en.defence-ua.com/news/iran_may_have_shot_down_second_us_mq_4c_triton_drone_in_exact_same_spot_as_2019_incident-17639.html |publisher=Defense Express |access-date=27 February 2026 |archive-date=27 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260227122343/https://en.defence-ua.com/news/iran_may_have_shot_down_second_us_mq_4c_triton_drone_in_exact_same_spot_as_2019_incident-17639.html |url-status=live }}</ref> {{Referentias}} {{Guerra de Iran de 2026}} [[Categoria:Era post-Guerra Frigide]] [[Categoria:Guerras]] [[Categoria:Secunde presidentia de Donald Trump]] [[Categoria:Marina del Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Crisi in le Oriente Medie (2023–presente)]] [[Categoria:Relationes Iran–Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Implication del Statos Unite in le cambio de regimine]] [[Categoria:Guerra Iran–Statos Unite de 2026]] cu3q8t7pl7upvog1ij4gt08u4477eu2 2 61141 704881 704839 2026-10-20T08:07:58Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Francia */ 704881 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] * [[Erika Vélez]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographic National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Ecuador === * [[Alianza PAIS]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Pachakutik]] === Francia === * Historia ** [[Lutetia]] ** [[Union Syndicale Lycéenne]] * Architectura ** [[Turre Eiffel]] ** [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] ** [[Panthéon]] ** [[Opera Garnier]] ** [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] ** [[Palatio del Louvre]] ** [[Sainte-Chapelle]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] ** [[Campo de Marte]] ** [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] ** [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] ** [[Palatio Bourbon]] ** [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * Altere ** [[Archivos public in Francia]] ** [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Biologia ==== * [[Hippopotamidae]] ==== Chimia ==== <div style="column-count:2; -moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2;"> * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] </div> === Historia === {{div col|2}} * [[Revolution francese]] * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] *** [[Conflicto huthi–saudita]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Stato Islamic]] *** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le drogas]] ** [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] *** [[Attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026]] * [[Historia de America]] ** [[Historia de America del Nord]] ** [[Historia de America Central]] *** [[Historia de Belize]] *** [[Historia de Guatemala]] *** [[Historia de Honduras]] *** [[Historia de Nicaragua]] *** [[Historia de El Salvador]] *** [[Historia de Panama]] *** [[Historia de Costa Rica]] ** [[Historia del Caribe]] *** [[Historia de Antigua e Barbuda]] *** [[Historia de Bahamas]] *** [[Historia de Barbados]] *** [[Historia de Cuba]] *** [[Historia de Grenada]] *** [[Historia de Haiti]] *** [[Historia de Dominica]] *** [[Historia de Jamaica]] *** [[Historia del Republica Dominican]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Kitts e Nevis]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Lucia]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Vincente e le Grenadinas]] *** [[Historia de Trinidad e Tobago]] ** [[Historia de America del Sud]] *** [[Historia de Chile]] *** [[Historia de Colombia]] *** [[Historia de Ecuador]] *** [[Historia de Guyana]] *** [[Historia de Paraguay]] *** [[Historia de Peru]] *** [[Historia de Suriname]] *** [[Historia de Uruguay]] *** [[Historia de Venezuela]] ** [[Historia de Europa]] *** [[Historia de Danmark]] *** [[Historia de Islanda]] *** [[Historia de Norvegia]] *** [[Historia de Svedia]] *** [[Historia de Finlandia]] *** [[Historia de Estonia]] *** [[Historia de Lettonia]] *** [[Historia de Lituania]] *** [[Historia del Republica de Irlanda]] *** [[Historia de Belgica]] *** [[Historia de Luxemburg]] *** [[Historia de Austria]] *** [[Historia de Russia]] *** [[Historia de Slovenia]] *** [[Historia de Polonia]] *** [[Historia del Republic Chec]] *** [[Historia de Slovachia]] *** [[Historia de Moldavia]] *** [[Historia de Croatia]] *** [[Historia de Monaco]] *** [[Historia de Hungaria]] *** [[Historia de Bielorussia]] *** [[Historia de Switza]] *** [[Historia de Liechtenstein]] *** [[Historia de Ukraina]] *** [[Historia de Romania]] *** [[Historia de Bulgaria]] *** [[Historia de San Marino]] *** [[Historia del Vaticano]] *** [[Historia de Bosnia e Herzegovina]] *** [[Historia de Macedonia del Nord]] *** [[Historia de Serbia]] *** [[Historia de Kosovo]] *** [[Historia de Montenegro]] *** [[Historia de Albania]] *** [[Historia de Turchia]] *** [[Historia de Cypro]] ** [[Historia de Asia]] *** [[Historia de Afghanistan]] *** [[Historia del Philippinas]] *** [[Historia de Azerbaijan]] **** [[Azerbaijan in le Alte Medievo]] ** [[Historia de Oceania]] {{div col end}} === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] * [[Antarctica]] * [[America]] * [[Africa]] * [[Oceania]] * [[Asia]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] 100yd1nbjexa740bvl6l03v42txpq66 704882 704881 2026-10-20T08:08:21Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Historia */ 704882 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] * [[Erika Vélez]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographic National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Ecuador === * [[Alianza PAIS]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Pachakutik]] === Francia === * Historia ** [[Lutetia]] ** [[Union Syndicale Lycéenne]] * Architectura ** [[Turre Eiffel]] ** [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] ** [[Panthéon]] ** [[Opera Garnier]] ** [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] ** [[Palatio del Louvre]] ** [[Sainte-Chapelle]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] ** [[Campo de Marte]] ** [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] ** [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] ** [[Palatio Bourbon]] ** [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * Altere ** [[Archivos public in Francia]] ** [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Biologia ==== * [[Hippopotamidae]] ==== Chimia ==== <div style="column-count:2; -moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2;"> * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] </div> === Historia === {{div col|2}} * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] *** [[Conflicto huthi–saudita]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Stato Islamic]] *** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le drogas]] ** [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] *** [[Attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026]] * [[Historia de America]] ** [[Historia de America del Nord]] ** [[Historia de America Central]] *** [[Historia de Belize]] *** [[Historia de Guatemala]] *** [[Historia de Honduras]] *** [[Historia de Nicaragua]] *** [[Historia de El Salvador]] *** [[Historia de Panama]] *** [[Historia de Costa Rica]] ** [[Historia del Caribe]] *** [[Historia de Antigua e Barbuda]] *** [[Historia de Bahamas]] *** [[Historia de Barbados]] *** [[Historia de Cuba]] *** [[Historia de Grenada]] *** [[Historia de Haiti]] *** [[Historia de Dominica]] *** [[Historia de Jamaica]] *** [[Historia del Republica Dominican]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Kitts e Nevis]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Lucia]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Vincente e le Grenadinas]] *** [[Historia de Trinidad e Tobago]] ** [[Historia de America del Sud]] *** [[Historia de Chile]] *** [[Historia de Colombia]] *** [[Historia de Ecuador]] *** [[Historia de Guyana]] *** [[Historia de Paraguay]] *** [[Historia de Peru]] *** [[Historia de Suriname]] *** [[Historia de Uruguay]] *** [[Historia de Venezuela]] ** [[Historia de Europa]] *** [[Historia de Danmark]] *** [[Historia de Islanda]] *** [[Historia de Norvegia]] *** [[Historia de Svedia]] *** [[Historia de Finlandia]] *** [[Historia de Estonia]] *** [[Historia de Lettonia]] *** [[Historia de Lituania]] *** [[Historia del Republica de Irlanda]] *** [[Historia de Belgica]] *** [[Historia de Luxemburg]] *** [[Historia de Austria]] *** [[Historia de Russia]] *** [[Historia de Slovenia]] *** [[Historia de Polonia]] *** [[Historia del Republic Chec]] *** [[Historia de Slovachia]] *** [[Historia de Moldavia]] *** [[Historia de Croatia]] *** [[Historia de Monaco]] *** [[Historia de Hungaria]] *** [[Historia de Bielorussia]] *** [[Historia de Switza]] *** [[Historia de Liechtenstein]] *** [[Historia de Ukraina]] *** [[Historia de Romania]] *** [[Historia de Bulgaria]] *** [[Historia de San Marino]] *** [[Historia del Vaticano]] *** [[Historia de Bosnia e Herzegovina]] *** [[Historia de Macedonia del Nord]] *** [[Historia de Serbia]] *** [[Historia de Kosovo]] *** [[Historia de Montenegro]] *** [[Historia de Albania]] *** [[Historia de Turchia]] *** [[Historia de Cypro]] ** [[Historia de Asia]] *** [[Historia de Afghanistan]] *** [[Historia del Philippinas]] *** [[Historia de Azerbaijan]] **** [[Azerbaijan in le Alte Medievo]] ** [[Historia de Oceania]] {{div col end}} === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] * [[Antarctica]] * [[America]] * [[Africa]] * [[Oceania]] * [[Asia]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] ep98gmujutlwlqnjtyfvaop5azztt4y 704883 704882 2026-10-20T08:08:40Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Francia */ 704883 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] * [[Erika Vélez]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographic National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Ecuador === * [[Alianza PAIS]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Pachakutik]] === Francia === * Historia ** [[Lutetia]] ** [[Revolution francese]] ** [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] *** [[Union Syndicale Lycéenne]] * Architectura ** [[Turre Eiffel]] ** [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] ** [[Panthéon]] ** [[Opera Garnier]] ** [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] ** [[Palatio del Louvre]] ** [[Sainte-Chapelle]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] ** [[Campo de Marte]] ** [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] ** [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] ** [[Palatio Bourbon]] ** [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * Altere ** [[Archivos public in Francia]] ** [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Biologia ==== * [[Hippopotamidae]] ==== Chimia ==== <div style="column-count:2; -moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2;"> * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] </div> === Historia === {{div col|2}} * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] *** [[Conflicto huthi–saudita]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Stato Islamic]] *** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le drogas]] ** [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] *** [[Attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026]] * [[Historia de America]] ** [[Historia de America del Nord]] ** [[Historia de America Central]] *** [[Historia de Belize]] *** [[Historia de Guatemala]] *** [[Historia de Honduras]] *** [[Historia de Nicaragua]] *** [[Historia de El Salvador]] *** [[Historia de Panama]] *** [[Historia de Costa Rica]] ** [[Historia del Caribe]] *** [[Historia de Antigua e Barbuda]] *** [[Historia de Bahamas]] *** [[Historia de Barbados]] *** [[Historia de Cuba]] *** [[Historia de Grenada]] *** [[Historia de Haiti]] *** [[Historia de Dominica]] *** [[Historia de Jamaica]] *** [[Historia del Republica Dominican]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Kitts e Nevis]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Lucia]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Vincente e le Grenadinas]] *** [[Historia de Trinidad e Tobago]] ** [[Historia de America del Sud]] *** [[Historia de Chile]] *** [[Historia de Colombia]] *** [[Historia de Ecuador]] *** [[Historia de Guyana]] *** [[Historia de Paraguay]] *** [[Historia de Peru]] *** [[Historia de Suriname]] *** [[Historia de Uruguay]] *** [[Historia de Venezuela]] ** [[Historia de Europa]] *** [[Historia de Danmark]] *** [[Historia de Islanda]] *** [[Historia de Norvegia]] *** [[Historia de Svedia]] *** [[Historia de Finlandia]] *** [[Historia de Estonia]] *** [[Historia de Lettonia]] *** [[Historia de Lituania]] *** [[Historia del Republica de Irlanda]] *** [[Historia de Belgica]] *** [[Historia de Luxemburg]] *** [[Historia de Austria]] *** [[Historia de Russia]] *** [[Historia de Slovenia]] *** [[Historia de Polonia]] *** [[Historia del Republic Chec]] *** [[Historia de Slovachia]] *** [[Historia de Moldavia]] *** [[Historia de Croatia]] *** [[Historia de Monaco]] *** [[Historia de Hungaria]] *** [[Historia de Bielorussia]] *** [[Historia de Switza]] *** [[Historia de Liechtenstein]] *** [[Historia de Ukraina]] *** [[Historia de Romania]] *** [[Historia de Bulgaria]] *** [[Historia de San Marino]] *** [[Historia del Vaticano]] *** [[Historia de Bosnia e Herzegovina]] *** [[Historia de Macedonia del Nord]] *** [[Historia de Serbia]] *** [[Historia de Kosovo]] *** [[Historia de Montenegro]] *** [[Historia de Albania]] *** [[Historia de Turchia]] *** [[Historia de Cypro]] ** [[Historia de Asia]] *** [[Historia de Afghanistan]] *** [[Historia del Philippinas]] *** [[Historia de Azerbaijan]] **** [[Azerbaijan in le Alte Medievo]] ** [[Historia de Oceania]] {{div col end}} === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] * [[Antarctica]] * [[America]] * [[Africa]] * [[Oceania]] * [[Asia]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] s1r9hfvawiwts31z572fhnfgqt6dc2q 704886 704883 2026-10-20T08:13:03Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Italia */ 704886 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] * [[Erika Vélez]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographic National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Ecuador === * [[Alianza PAIS]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Pachakutik]] === Francia === * Historia ** [[Lutetia]] ** [[Revolution francese]] ** [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] *** [[Union Syndicale Lycéenne]] * Architectura ** [[Turre Eiffel]] ** [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] ** [[Panthéon]] ** [[Opera Garnier]] ** [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] ** [[Palatio del Louvre]] ** [[Sainte-Chapelle]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] ** [[Campo de Marte]] ** [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] ** [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] ** [[Palatio Bourbon]] ** [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * Altere ** [[Archivos public in Francia]] ** [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] * [[Disordines italian de 2026]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Biologia ==== * [[Hippopotamidae]] ==== Chimia ==== <div style="column-count:2; -moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2;"> * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] </div> === Historia === {{div col|2}} * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] *** [[Conflicto huthi–saudita]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Stato Islamic]] *** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le drogas]] ** [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] *** [[Attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026]] * [[Historia de America]] ** [[Historia de America del Nord]] ** [[Historia de America Central]] *** [[Historia de Belize]] *** [[Historia de Guatemala]] *** [[Historia de Honduras]] *** [[Historia de Nicaragua]] *** [[Historia de El Salvador]] *** [[Historia de Panama]] *** [[Historia de Costa Rica]] ** [[Historia del Caribe]] *** [[Historia de Antigua e Barbuda]] *** [[Historia de Bahamas]] *** [[Historia de Barbados]] *** [[Historia de Cuba]] *** [[Historia de Grenada]] *** [[Historia de Haiti]] *** [[Historia de Dominica]] *** [[Historia de Jamaica]] *** [[Historia del Republica Dominican]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Kitts e Nevis]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Lucia]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Vincente e le Grenadinas]] *** [[Historia de Trinidad e Tobago]] ** [[Historia de America del Sud]] *** [[Historia de Chile]] *** [[Historia de Colombia]] *** [[Historia de Ecuador]] *** [[Historia de Guyana]] *** [[Historia de Paraguay]] *** [[Historia de Peru]] *** [[Historia de Suriname]] *** [[Historia de Uruguay]] *** [[Historia de Venezuela]] ** [[Historia de Europa]] *** [[Historia de Danmark]] *** [[Historia de Islanda]] *** [[Historia de Norvegia]] *** [[Historia de Svedia]] *** [[Historia de Finlandia]] *** [[Historia de Estonia]] *** [[Historia de Lettonia]] *** [[Historia de Lituania]] *** [[Historia del Republica de Irlanda]] *** [[Historia de Belgica]] *** [[Historia de Luxemburg]] *** [[Historia de Austria]] *** [[Historia de Russia]] *** [[Historia de Slovenia]] *** [[Historia de Polonia]] *** [[Historia del Republic Chec]] *** [[Historia de Slovachia]] *** [[Historia de Moldavia]] *** [[Historia de Croatia]] *** [[Historia de Monaco]] *** [[Historia de Hungaria]] *** [[Historia de Bielorussia]] *** [[Historia de Switza]] *** [[Historia de Liechtenstein]] *** [[Historia de Ukraina]] *** [[Historia de Romania]] *** [[Historia de Bulgaria]] *** [[Historia de San Marino]] *** [[Historia del Vaticano]] *** [[Historia de Bosnia e Herzegovina]] *** [[Historia de Macedonia del Nord]] *** [[Historia de Serbia]] *** [[Historia de Kosovo]] *** [[Historia de Montenegro]] *** [[Historia de Albania]] *** [[Historia de Turchia]] *** [[Historia de Cypro]] ** [[Historia de Asia]] *** [[Historia de Afghanistan]] *** [[Historia del Philippinas]] *** [[Historia de Azerbaijan]] **** [[Azerbaijan in le Alte Medievo]] ** [[Historia de Oceania]] {{div col end}} === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] * [[Antarctica]] * [[America]] * [[Africa]] * [[Oceania]] * [[Asia]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] 4o2itr54y65646312z5n8yu54423kdt 704889 704886 2026-10-20T08:19:46Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Historia */ 704889 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] * [[Erika Vélez]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographic National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Ecuador === * [[Alianza PAIS]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Pachakutik]] === Francia === * Historia ** [[Lutetia]] ** [[Revolution francese]] ** [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] *** [[Union Syndicale Lycéenne]] * Architectura ** [[Turre Eiffel]] ** [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] ** [[Panthéon]] ** [[Opera Garnier]] ** [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] ** [[Palatio del Louvre]] ** [[Sainte-Chapelle]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] ** [[Campo de Marte]] ** [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] ** [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] ** [[Palatio Bourbon]] ** [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * Altere ** [[Archivos public in Francia]] ** [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] * [[Disordines italian de 2026]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Biologia ==== * [[Hippopotamidae]] ==== Chimia ==== <div style="column-count:2; -moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2;"> * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] </div> === Historia === {{div col|2}} * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] *** [[Conflicto huthi–saudita]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Stato Islamic]] *** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le drogas]] ** [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] *** [[Attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026]] * [[Protestas de Generation Z]] * [[Historia de America]] ** [[Historia de America del Nord]] ** [[Historia de America Central]] *** [[Historia de Belize]] *** [[Historia de Guatemala]] *** [[Historia de Honduras]] *** [[Historia de Nicaragua]] *** [[Historia de El Salvador]] *** [[Historia de Panama]] *** [[Historia de Costa Rica]] ** [[Historia del Caribe]] *** [[Historia de Antigua e Barbuda]] *** [[Historia de Bahamas]] *** [[Historia de Barbados]] *** [[Historia de Cuba]] *** [[Historia de Grenada]] *** [[Historia de Haiti]] *** [[Historia de Dominica]] *** [[Historia de Jamaica]] *** [[Historia del Republica Dominican]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Kitts e Nevis]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Lucia]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Vincente e le Grenadinas]] *** [[Historia de Trinidad e Tobago]] ** [[Historia de America del Sud]] *** [[Historia de Chile]] *** [[Historia de Colombia]] *** [[Historia de Ecuador]] *** [[Historia de Guyana]] *** [[Historia de Paraguay]] *** [[Historia de Peru]] *** [[Historia de Suriname]] *** [[Historia de Uruguay]] *** [[Historia de Venezuela]] ** [[Historia de Europa]] *** [[Historia de Danmark]] *** [[Historia de Islanda]] *** [[Historia de Norvegia]] *** [[Historia de Svedia]] *** [[Historia de Finlandia]] *** [[Historia de Estonia]] *** [[Historia de Lettonia]] *** [[Historia de Lituania]] *** [[Historia del Republica de Irlanda]] *** [[Historia de Belgica]] *** [[Historia de Luxemburg]] *** [[Historia de Austria]] *** [[Historia de Russia]] *** [[Historia de Slovenia]] *** [[Historia de Polonia]] *** [[Historia del Republic Chec]] *** [[Historia de Slovachia]] *** [[Historia de Moldavia]] *** [[Historia de Croatia]] *** [[Historia de Monaco]] *** [[Historia de Hungaria]] *** [[Historia de Bielorussia]] *** [[Historia de Switza]] *** [[Historia de Liechtenstein]] *** [[Historia de Ukraina]] *** [[Historia de Romania]] *** [[Historia de Bulgaria]] *** [[Historia de San Marino]] *** [[Historia del Vaticano]] *** [[Historia de Bosnia e Herzegovina]] *** [[Historia de Macedonia del Nord]] *** [[Historia de Serbia]] *** [[Historia de Kosovo]] *** [[Historia de Montenegro]] *** [[Historia de Albania]] *** [[Historia de Turchia]] *** [[Historia de Cypro]] ** [[Historia de Asia]] *** [[Historia de Afghanistan]] *** [[Historia del Philippinas]] *** [[Historia de Azerbaijan]] **** [[Azerbaijan in le Alte Medievo]] ** [[Historia de Oceania]] {{div col end}} === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] * [[Antarctica]] * [[America]] * [[Africa]] * [[Oceania]] * [[Asia]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] lz8nrm61v8w1j2rx4qle3wsh6yfj65l 704895 704889 2026-10-20T08:33:57Z Interlingvisto 60932 704895 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] * [[Erika Vélez]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographic National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Ecuador === * [[Alianza PAIS]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Pachakutik]] === Francia === * Historia ** [[Lutetia]] ** [[Revolution francese]] ** [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] *** [[Union Syndicale Lycéenne]] * Architectura ** [[Turre Eiffel]] ** [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] ** [[Panthéon]] ** [[Opera Garnier]] ** [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] ** [[Palatio del Louvre]] ** [[Sainte-Chapelle]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] ** [[Campo de Marte]] ** [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] ** [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] ** [[Palatio Bourbon]] ** [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * Altere ** [[Archivos public in Francia]] ** [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] * [[Disordines italian de 2026]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Biologia ==== * [[Hippopotamidae]] ==== Chimia ==== <div style="column-count:2; -moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2;"> * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] </div> === Historia === {{div col|2}} * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] *** [[Conflicto huthi–saudita]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Stato Islamic]] *** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le drogas]] ** [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] *** [[Attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026]] * [[Protestas de Generation Z]] ** [[Protestas del Gen Z in Asia]] * [[Historia de America]] ** [[Historia de America del Nord]] ** [[Historia de America Central]] *** [[Historia de Belize]] *** [[Historia de Guatemala]] *** [[Historia de Honduras]] *** [[Historia de Nicaragua]] *** [[Historia de El Salvador]] *** [[Historia de Panama]] *** [[Historia de Costa Rica]] ** [[Historia del Caribe]] *** [[Historia de Antigua e Barbuda]] *** [[Historia de Bahamas]] *** [[Historia de Barbados]] *** [[Historia de Cuba]] *** [[Historia de Grenada]] *** [[Historia de Haiti]] *** [[Historia de Dominica]] *** [[Historia de Jamaica]] *** [[Historia del Republica Dominican]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Kitts e Nevis]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Lucia]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Vincente e le Grenadinas]] *** [[Historia de Trinidad e Tobago]] ** [[Historia de America del Sud]] *** [[Historia de Chile]] *** [[Historia de Colombia]] *** [[Historia de Ecuador]] *** [[Historia de Guyana]] *** [[Historia de Paraguay]] *** [[Historia de Peru]] *** [[Historia de Suriname]] *** [[Historia de Uruguay]] *** [[Historia de Venezuela]] ** [[Historia de Europa]] *** [[Historia de Danmark]] *** [[Historia de Islanda]] *** [[Historia de Norvegia]] *** [[Historia de Svedia]] *** [[Historia de Finlandia]] *** [[Historia de Estonia]] *** [[Historia de Lettonia]] *** [[Historia de Lituania]] *** [[Historia del Republica de Irlanda]] *** [[Historia de Belgica]] *** [[Historia de Luxemburg]] *** [[Historia de Austria]] *** [[Historia de Russia]] *** [[Historia de Slovenia]] *** [[Historia de Polonia]] *** [[Historia del Republic Chec]] *** [[Historia de Slovachia]] *** [[Historia de Moldavia]] *** [[Historia de Croatia]] *** [[Historia de Monaco]] *** [[Historia de Hungaria]] *** [[Historia de Bielorussia]] *** [[Historia de Switza]] *** [[Historia de Liechtenstein]] *** [[Historia de Ukraina]] *** [[Historia de Romania]] *** [[Historia de Bulgaria]] *** [[Historia de San Marino]] *** [[Historia del Vaticano]] *** [[Historia de Bosnia e Herzegovina]] *** [[Historia de Macedonia del Nord]] *** [[Historia de Serbia]] *** [[Historia de Kosovo]] *** [[Historia de Montenegro]] *** [[Historia de Albania]] *** [[Historia de Turchia]] *** [[Historia de Cypro]] ** [[Historia de Asia]] *** [[Historia de Afghanistan]] *** [[Historia del Philippinas]] *** [[Historia de Azerbaijan]] **** [[Azerbaijan in le Alte Medievo]] ** [[Historia de Oceania]] {{div col end}} === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] * [[Antarctica]] * [[America]] * [[Africa]] * [[Oceania]] * [[Asia]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] 4zye00q4bgawce75he90yiaphwxek7v 704908 704895 2026-10-20T09:08:36Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Historia */ 704908 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] * [[Erika Vélez]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographic National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Ecuador === * [[Alianza PAIS]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Pachakutik]] === Francia === * Historia ** [[Lutetia]] ** [[Revolution francese]] ** [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] *** [[Union Syndicale Lycéenne]] * Architectura ** [[Turre Eiffel]] ** [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] ** [[Panthéon]] ** [[Opera Garnier]] ** [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] ** [[Palatio del Louvre]] ** [[Sainte-Chapelle]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] ** [[Campo de Marte]] ** [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] ** [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] ** [[Palatio Bourbon]] ** [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * Altere ** [[Archivos public in Francia]] ** [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] * [[Disordines italian de 2026]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Biologia ==== * [[Hippopotamidae]] ==== Chimia ==== <div style="column-count:2; -moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2;"> * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] </div> === Historia === {{div col|2}} * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] *** [[Conflicto huthi–saudita]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Stato Islamic]] *** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le drogas]] ** [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] *** [[Attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026]] * [[Protestas de Generation Z]] ** [[Protestas del Gen Z in Asia]] * [[Historia de America]] ** [[Historia de America del Nord]] ** [[Historia de America Central]] *** [[Historia de Belize]] *** [[Historia de Guatemala]] *** [[Historia de Honduras]] *** [[Historia de Nicaragua]] *** [[Historia de El Salvador]] *** [[Historia de Panama]] *** [[Historia de Costa Rica]] ** [[Historia del Caribe]] *** [[Historia de Antigua e Barbuda]] *** [[Historia de Bahamas]] *** [[Historia de Barbados]] *** [[Historia de Cuba]] *** [[Historia de Grenada]] *** [[Historia de Haiti]] *** [[Historia de Dominica]] *** [[Historia de Jamaica]] *** [[Historia del Republica Dominican]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Kitts e Nevis]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Lucia]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Vincente e le Grenadinas]] *** [[Historia de Trinidad e Tobago]] ** [[Historia de America del Sud]] *** [[Historia de Chile]] *** [[Historia de Colombia]] *** [[Historia de Ecuador]] *** [[Historia de Guyana]] *** [[Historia de Paraguay]] *** [[Historia de Peru]] *** [[Historia de Suriname]] *** [[Historia de Uruguay]] *** [[Historia de Venezuela]] ** [[Historia de Europa]] *** [[Historia de Danmark]] *** [[Historia de Islanda]] *** [[Historia de Norvegia]] *** [[Historia de Svedia]] *** [[Historia de Finlandia]] *** [[Historia de Estonia]] *** [[Historia de Lettonia]] *** [[Historia de Lituania]] *** [[Historia del Republica de Irlanda]] *** [[Historia de Belgica]] *** [[Historia de Luxemburg]] *** [[Historia de Austria]] *** [[Historia de Russia]] *** [[Historia de Slovenia]] *** [[Historia de Polonia]] *** [[Historia del Republic Chec]] *** [[Historia de Slovachia]] *** [[Historia de Moldavia]] *** [[Historia de Croatia]] *** [[Historia de Monaco]] *** [[Historia de Hungaria]] *** [[Historia de Bielorussia]] *** [[Historia de Switza]] *** [[Historia de Liechtenstein]] *** [[Historia de Ukraina]] *** [[Historia de Romania]] *** [[Historia de Bulgaria]] *** [[Historia de San Marino]] *** [[Historia del Vaticano]] *** [[Historia de Bosnia e Herzegovina]] *** [[Historia de Macedonia del Nord]] *** [[Historia de Serbia]] *** [[Historia de Kosovo]] *** [[Historia de Montenegro]] *** [[Historia de Albania]] *** [[Historia de Turchia]] *** [[Historia de Cypro]] ** [[Historia de Asia]] *** [[Historia de Afghanistan]] *** [[Historia del Philippinas]] *** [[Historia de Azerbaijan]] **** [[Azerbaijan in le Alte Medievo]] ** [[Historia de Oceania]] {{div col end}} === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] * [[Antarctica]] * [[America]] * [[Africa]] * [[Oceania]] * [[Asia]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] e43btsbb94buqr0i7gueuuoms0cmqwo 704911 704908 2026-10-20T09:19:16Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Espania */ 704911 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] * [[Erika Vélez]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] ** Partitos politic *** [[Agenda Valenciana]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographic National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Ecuador === * [[Alianza PAIS]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Pachakutik]] === Francia === * Historia ** [[Lutetia]] ** [[Revolution francese]] ** [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] *** [[Union Syndicale Lycéenne]] * Architectura ** [[Turre Eiffel]] ** [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] ** [[Panthéon]] ** [[Opera Garnier]] ** [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] ** [[Palatio del Louvre]] ** [[Sainte-Chapelle]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] ** [[Campo de Marte]] ** [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] ** [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] ** [[Palatio Bourbon]] ** [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * Altere ** [[Archivos public in Francia]] ** [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] * [[Disordines italian de 2026]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Biologia ==== * [[Hippopotamidae]] ==== Chimia ==== <div style="column-count:2; -moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2;"> * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] </div> === Historia === {{div col|2}} * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] *** [[Conflicto huthi–saudita]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Stato Islamic]] *** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le drogas]] ** [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] *** [[Attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026]] * [[Protestas de Generation Z]] ** [[Protestas del Gen Z in Asia]] * [[Historia de America]] ** [[Historia de America del Nord]] ** [[Historia de America Central]] *** [[Historia de Belize]] *** [[Historia de Guatemala]] *** [[Historia de Honduras]] *** [[Historia de Nicaragua]] *** [[Historia de El Salvador]] *** [[Historia de Panama]] *** [[Historia de Costa Rica]] ** [[Historia del Caribe]] *** [[Historia de Antigua e Barbuda]] *** [[Historia de Bahamas]] *** [[Historia de Barbados]] *** [[Historia de Cuba]] *** [[Historia de Grenada]] *** [[Historia de Haiti]] *** [[Historia de Dominica]] *** [[Historia de Jamaica]] *** [[Historia del Republica Dominican]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Kitts e Nevis]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Lucia]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Vincente e le Grenadinas]] *** [[Historia de Trinidad e Tobago]] ** [[Historia de America del Sud]] *** [[Historia de Chile]] *** [[Historia de Colombia]] *** [[Historia de Ecuador]] *** [[Historia de Guyana]] *** [[Historia de Paraguay]] *** [[Historia de Peru]] *** [[Historia de Suriname]] *** [[Historia de Uruguay]] *** [[Historia de Venezuela]] ** [[Historia de Europa]] *** [[Historia de Danmark]] *** [[Historia de Islanda]] *** [[Historia de Norvegia]] *** [[Historia de Svedia]] *** [[Historia de Finlandia]] *** [[Historia de Estonia]] *** [[Historia de Lettonia]] *** [[Historia de Lituania]] *** [[Historia del Republica de Irlanda]] *** [[Historia de Belgica]] *** [[Historia de Luxemburg]] *** [[Historia de Austria]] *** [[Historia de Russia]] *** [[Historia de Slovenia]] *** [[Historia de Polonia]] *** [[Historia del Republic Chec]] *** [[Historia de Slovachia]] *** [[Historia de Moldavia]] *** [[Historia de Croatia]] *** [[Historia de Monaco]] *** [[Historia de Hungaria]] *** [[Historia de Bielorussia]] *** [[Historia de Switza]] *** [[Historia de Liechtenstein]] *** [[Historia de Ukraina]] *** [[Historia de Romania]] *** [[Historia de Bulgaria]] *** [[Historia de San Marino]] *** [[Historia del Vaticano]] *** [[Historia de Bosnia e Herzegovina]] *** [[Historia de Macedonia del Nord]] *** [[Historia de Serbia]] *** [[Historia de Kosovo]] *** [[Historia de Montenegro]] *** [[Historia de Albania]] *** [[Historia de Turchia]] *** [[Historia de Cypro]] ** [[Historia de Asia]] *** [[Historia de Afghanistan]] *** [[Historia del Philippinas]] *** [[Historia de Azerbaijan]] **** [[Azerbaijan in le Alte Medievo]] ** [[Historia de Oceania]] {{div col end}} === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] * [[Antarctica]] * [[America]] * [[Africa]] * [[Oceania]] * [[Asia]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] cgutv1hressk3w7gdqwln5nv873gq7z 704915 704911 2026-10-20T09:55:45Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Geographia */ 704915 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="margin:0.5em auto; width:95%; background-color:#FFFACD; border:2px solid #88A; padding:5px; text-align:center" !Io prende ferias. |} Mi objectivo ha essite, in le tempore que io ha adjutate hic, ameliorar le Wikipedia in interlingua. Como interlingua es un lingua international facile a comprender, io voleva ameliorar le qualitate e le fiabilitate del information presentate hic, nam assi personas ab le tote mundo potera gaudir de un information complete. Pro illo, io ha create articulos eminente, augmentate le information in le peciettas, e create articulos clar, breve e concise re differente themas. Io face articulos principalmente re Espania, e alteres re historia e religion, le themas que me interessa le plus. == Articulos facite e meliorate == === Biographias === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Michel Foucault]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Ugo Foscolo]] * [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Immanuel Kant]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Friedrich Schiller]] * [[Jaime Roldós Aguilera]] * [[Terence McKenna]] * [[Edith Södergran]] * [[Abdellatif Hammouchi]] * [[Juan José Flores]] * [[Julián Méndez]] * [[Martin Van Buren]] * [[John Tyler]] * [[Mónica Palacios]] * [[Viviana Veloz]] * [[Christophoro Columbo]] * [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] * [[Bashar al-Assad]] * [[Erika Vélez]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Zachary Taylor]] * [[Millard Fillmore]] * [[Franklin Pierce]] * [[James A. Garfield]] * [[Chester A. Arthur]] * [[William Howard Taft]] * [[Herbert Hoover]] * [[Phindu Zaie Banda]] * [[Anna-Maria Ravnopolska-Dean]] * [[Keiko Fujimori]] * [[Alena Buyx]] * [[Mariano Rajoy]] * [[Paola Cabezas]] * [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] * [[Navi Pillay]] * [[Antonio García-Trevijano]] * [[Valeria Racu]] * [[Salman de Arabia Saudita]] </div> </div> === Espania === <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Historia de Espania ** [[Transition espaniol]] ** [[Historia contemporanee de Espania]] ** [[Campamentos pro le derecto al allogiamento in Espania de 2026]] ** [[Movimento pro le allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Plataforma de Affectatos per le Hypotheca]] ** [[Rolo de Marocco in le crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Crise migratori de Ceuta de 2026]] ** [[Disastro del Prestige]] ** [[Nunca Máis]] ** [[Movimento 15-M]] ** [[Protestas in Espania de 2011–2015]] ** [[Democratia Real NUNC!]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * Geografía de España ** [[Organisation territorial de Espania]] ** [[Provincia de Badajoz]] ** [[Extremadura]] ** [[Ceuta]] ** [[Stricto de Gibraltar]] ** [[Melilla]] ** Fluvios *** [[Fluvio Ebro]] *** [[Fluvio Duero]] *** [[Fluvio Guadiana]] * [[Centro de Intelligentia contra le Terrorismo e le Crimine Organisate]] * [[Nationalismo espaniol]] * [[Exhumation de Francisco Franco]] * [[Societat Civil Catalana]] * [[IESE Business School]] * [[Real Instituto Elcano]] * [[Construction del Stato del Autonomias]] * [[Foro Ermua]] * [[Delcygate]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Economia de Espania]] ** [[Bulla immobiliari in Espania]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Precio del allogiamento in Espania]] ** [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]] ** [[Crise immobiliari espaniol de 2022–presente]] ** [[Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic]] ** [[Sindicato de Locatarias e Locatarios de Madrid]] * [[Societate espaniol]] ** [[Eviction de Maricarmen Abascal]] * [[Cultura de Espania]] ** Architectura *** [[Palatio del Senato]] *** [[Palatio del Cortes]] *** [[Aqueducto de Segovia]] * [[HazteOir.org]] * [[Organismos Public del Investigation]] * [[Organismo public (Espania)]] * [[SITEL]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Politica de Espania]] ** [[Ministerio]] ** [[Ministerio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretario de Stato (Espania)]] ** [[Subsecretario (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto (Espania)]] ** [[Regal Decreto]] ** [[Lege organic (Espania)]] ** [[Cabinetto del Presidentia del Governamento]] ** [[Defensor del Populo (Espania)]] ** [[Administration General del Stato]] ** [[Prestation de servicios public (Espania)]] ** [[Presidentia del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Structura del Presidentia del Governamento de Espania]] *** [[Presidente del Governamento de Espania]] ** [[Consilio de Ministros (Espania)]] ** [[Delegation del Governamento (Espania)]] *** [[Subdelegation del Governamento]] ** [[Congresso del Deputatos]] ** [[Senato de Espania]] ** [[Cortes General]] *** [[Commissiones del Cortes General]] ** [[Presupostos General del Stato]] ** [[Bulletin Official del Stato]] ** [[Constitution espaniol de 1978]] ** [[Derecto de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Supreme de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Constitutional de Espania]] ** [[Poter judicial de Espania]] *** [[Ministerio Fiscal de Espania]] ** [[Tribunal Superior de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Consilio General del Poter Judicial]] ** [[Presidente del Tribunal Supreme (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal de Contos (Espania)]] *** [[Presidente del Tribunal de Contos]] *** [[Commission Mixte pro le Relationes con le Tribunal de Contos]] ** [[Audientia National (Espania)]] ** [[Audientia Provincial (Espania)]] ** [[Tribunal Central de Instantia]] ** [[Tribunal Militar Central (Espania)]] ** [[Jurisdiction Militar de Espania]] ** [[Secretariato General de Function Public]] ** [[Administration local (Espania)]] ** [[Organisation del Administration Public de Espania]] ** [[Registro Civil (Espania)]] ** Partitos politic *** [[Agenda Valenciana]] </div> </div> <div style="display:flex; gap:40px;"> <div style="flex:1;"> * Ministerios ** [[Ministerio pro le Transformation Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Digitalisation e Intelligentia Artificial]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Telecomunicationes e Infrastructuras Digital]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Function Public]] ** [[Ministerio de Agricultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Agricultura e Alimentation]] *** [[Secretariato General de Ressources Agrari e Securitate Alimentari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Pisca]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Agricultura, Pisca e Alimentation]] ** [[Ministerio de Industria (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Equalitate (Espania)]] ** [[Ministerio de Derectos Social]] ** [[Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Cultura]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Cultura]] ** [[Ministerio de Inclusion, Securitate Social e Migrationes]] ** [[Ministerio para la Transition Ecologic e le Reto Demographic]] ** [[Ministerio de Juventute e Infantia]] ** [[Ministerio de Politica Territorial e Memoria Democratic]] ** [[Ministerio de Scientia (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Universitates e Investigation]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Scientia]] ** [[Ministerio de Affaires Interne (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Secretariato General de Institutiones Penitentiari]] *** [[Secretariato General de Protection Civil e Emergentias]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Interne]] ** [[Ministerio de Defensa (Espania)|Ministerio de Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Stato Major Conjuncte del Defensa]] *** [[Capite de Stato Major del Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato General de Politica de Defensa]] **** [[Direction General de Politica de Defensa]] *** [[Secretariato de Stato de Defensa]] *** [[Subsecretariato de Defensa (Espania)]] *** [[Centro Superior de Studios del Defensa National]] *** [[Fortias e corpores de securitate (Espania)]] *** [[Fortias special]] *** [[Unitate tactic policial]] **** [[Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Direction General del Guarda Civil]] ***** [[Unitate Central Operative]] **** [[Corpore National de Policia]] **** [[Commando de Operationes Special]] **** [[Direction General del Policia]] **** [[Director adjuncte operative]] ***** Commissariatos general ****** [[Commissariato General de Policia Judicial]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Immigration e Frontieras]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Information]] ****** [[Commissariato General de Securitate Citatan]] ***** Unitates e gruppos ****** [[Gruppo de Attention al Citatano]] ****** [[Gruppo de Localisation de Fugitivos]] ****** [[Gruppo Operative de Responsa]] ****** [[Gruppo Special de Operationes]] ****** [[Gruppos de Responsa Special pro le Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Gruppos Operative Special de Securitate]] ****** [[Policia Judicial de Espania]] ****** [[Section de Analyse de Conducta]] ****** [[Servicio de Medios Aeree]] ****** [[Unitate de Droga e Crimine Organisate]] ****** [[Unitate de Subsolo e Protection Ambiental]] ****** [[Unitate National de Europol (Espania)]] ****** [[Unitates de Intervention Policial]] ****** [[Unitates de Prevention e Reaction]] ****** [[Unitate Central de Protection]] ***** Unitates adscripte al Communitates Autonome ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Aragon|Aragon]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Principato de Asturias|Asturias]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Gallecia|Gallecia]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Valencian|Communitate Valencian]] ****** [[Unitate del Corpore National de Policia Adscripte al Communitate Autonome de Andalusia|Andalusia]] ******* [[Ordine al Merito Policial de Andalusia]] **** [[Policia local de Espania]] **** [[Policia autonomic]] ***** [[Ertzaintza]] ***** [[Mossos d'Esquadra]] ***** [[Corpore General del Policia Canari]] ***** [[Policia Foral de Navarra]] **** [[TEDAX]] *** [[Fortias Armate de Espania]] **** [[Corpores Commun del Fortias Armate Espaniol]] **** [[Armea de Terra (Espania)]] ***** [[Capite del Stato Major del Armea de Terra]] ***** [[Legion Espaniol]] ***** [[Gruppos de Operationes Special (Espania)]] **** [[Marina espaniol]] ***** [[Stato Major del Marina]] ****** [[Capite del Stato Major del Marina]] **** [[Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] ***** [[Capite de Stato Major del Armea del Aer e del Spatio]] *** [[Consilio de Defensa National]] *** [[Consilio de Securitate National (Espania)]] *** [[Centro de Intelligentia del Fortias Armate]] *** [[Lege de Securitate National]] *** [[Centro National de Intelligentia (Espania)]] **** [[Director del Centro National de Intelligentia]] </div> <div style="flex:1;"> * [[Ministerio del Presidentia, Justitia e Relationes con le Cortes]] ** [[Tribunal de Justitia]] * [[Ministerio de Transportos (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Transportos e Mobilitate Sostenibile]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transporto Terrestre]] **** [[Direction General de Stratas]] **** [[Direction General del Sector Ferroviari]] **** [[Direction General de Transporto per Carretera e Ferrocarril]] *** [[Secretariato General de Transportos Aeree e Maritime]] **** [[Direction General de Aviation Civil (Espania)]] **** [[Direction General del Marina Mercante]] *** [[Secretariato General de Mobilitate Sostenibile]] **** [[Direction General de Strategias de Mobilitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Transportos]] *** [[Secretariato General Technic del Ministerio de Fomento]] *** [[Direction General de Programmation Economic e Budgetos]] *** [[Direction General de Organisation e Inspection]] *** [[Instituto Geographic National (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Education (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Education]] ** [[Secretariato General de Formation Professional]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Education]] ** [[Consilio Superior de Sportes]] * [[Ministerio de Allogiamento (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Allogiamento]] *** [[Secretariato General de Allogiamento]] **** [[Directorio General de Agenda Urban e Architectura]] **** [[Directorio General de Allogiamento e Solo]] **** [[Directorio General de Planification e Evaluation]] * [[Ministerio de Travalio (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Travalio]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Economia Social]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Travalio]] * [[Ministerio de Justitia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Justitia]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Justitia]] ** [[Advocato General del Stato]] ** [[Centro de Studios Juridic]] * [[Ministerio de Affaires Extere (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Union Europee]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Iberoamerica]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro Cooperation International]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Affaires Extere]] ** [[Directorio General de Communication, Diplomatia Public e Retes]] ** [[Directorio General de Diplomatia Economic]] * [[Ministerio de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Financias]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Budgetos e Expensas]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Financias (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato General de Fondos Europee]] * [[Ministerio de Sanitate (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Sanitate]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Sanitate]] ** [[Commissariato de Sanitate Mental]] ** [[Systema National de Sanitate (Espania)]] * [[Ministerio de Economia (Espania)]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato pro le Economia e le Supporto al Interprisa]] ** [[Secretariato de Stato de Commercio]] ** [[Subsecretariato de Economia]] </div> </div> === Ecuador === * [[Alianza PAIS]] * [[Confederation de Nationalitates Indigene de Ecuador]] * [[Pachakutik]] === Francia === * Historia ** [[Lutetia]] ** [[Revolution francese]] ** [[Movimento lyceal e studiantil de 2026 in Francia]] *** [[Union Syndicale Lycéenne]] * Architectura ** [[Turre Eiffel]] ** [[Basilica del Sacre Corde de Montmartre]] ** [[Panthéon]] ** [[Opera Garnier]] ** [[Arco de Triumpho del Stella]] ** [[Palatio del Louvre]] ** [[Sainte-Chapelle]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Dionysio del Sancte Sacramento]] ** [[Campo de Marte]] ** [[Avenida del Campos Elysee]] ** [[Universitate Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne]] ** [[Ecclesia de Sancte Paulo e Sancte Ludovico]] ** [[Palatio Bourbon]] ** [[Bibliotheca National de Francia]] * Altere ** [[Archivos public in Francia]] ** [[Fortias Armate Francese]] === Germania === * [[Niendorfer Gehege]] * [[Castello de Ahrensburg]] [[File:Cscr-featured.svg|19px]] * [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]] * [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln]] === Israel === * [[Communitate de Intelligentia de Israel]] === Italia === * [[Regno Longobarde]] * [[Regno de Italia (Sacre Imperio Roman)]] * [[Historia del Islam in Italia medieval]] * [[Conquesta normanne de Italia meridional]] * [[Republicas maritime]] * [[Guelfos e Ghibellinos]] * [[Guerras de Italia]] * [[Republica Italian (1802-1805)]] * [[Regno de Italia (1805-1814)]] * [[Ducato de Calabria]] * [[Italia meridional]] * [[Colonialismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Prime Guerra Mundial]] * [[Historia del fascismo italian]] * [[Italia in le Secunde Guerra Mundial]] * [[Italia central]] * [[Italia insular]] * [[Mezzogiorno]] * [[Relievo de Italia]] * [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] * [[Disordines italian de 2026]] === Portugal === * [[Fortias Armate de Portugal]] * [[Implantation del Republica Portugese]] * [[Contato Portucalense]] * [[Medievo in Portugal]] * [[Portugal in le Reconquesta]] === Statos Unite === * Historia ** [[Attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]] * Fortias Armate del Statos Unite ** [[Fortias Aeree del Statos Unite]] * [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)]] === Sancte Sede === * [[Curia Roman]] * [[Derecto canonic del Ecclesia Catholic]] * [[Codice de Derecto Canonic de 1983]] === Medicina e sanitate === * [[Impacto social del pandemia de COVID-19]] * [[Recession del COVID-19]] === Scientia e technologia === * [[Industria de semiconductores in Taiwan]] ==== Intelligentia artificial ==== * [[Disputa inter Anthropic e le Departimento de Defensa del Statos Unite]] * [[Intelligentia artificial generative]] * [[Apprendimento profunde]] * [[Boom del intelligentia artificial]] ==== Biologia ==== * [[Hippopotamidae]] ==== Chimia ==== <div style="column-count:2; -moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2;"> * [[Isotopos del germanium]] * [[Isotopos del lanthano]] * [[Isotopos del nickel]] * [[Isotopos del cobalt]] * [[Isotopos del indium]] * [[Isotopos del lithium]] * [[Isotopos del krypton]] * [[Isotopos del natrium]] * [[Isotopos del sulfure]] * [[Isotopos del gallium]] * [[Isotopos del yttrium]] * [[Isotopos del niobium]] * [[Isotopos del rhodium]] * [[Isotopos del cesium]] * [[Isotopos del samarium]] * [[Isotopos del nitrogeno]] * [[Isotopos del gadolinium]] * [[Isotopos del chromium]] * [[Isotopos del selenium]] * [[Isotopos del scandium]] * [[Isotopos del titanium]] * [[Isotopos del rubidium]] * [[Isotopos del silicium]] * [[Isotopos del manganese]] * [[Isotopos del magnesium]] * [[Isotopos del radium]] * [[Isotopos del phosphoro]] * [[Isotopos del strontium]] * [[Ununennium]] </div> === Historia === {{div col|2}} * [[Feudalismo]] * [[Constantinopole]] * [[Guerras de religion in Europa]] * [[Guerra del Octanta Annos]] * [[Contrareforma]] * [[Scientia in le mundo islamic medieval]] * [[Guerra indirecte inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] ** [[Conflicto diplomatic inter Qatar e Arabia Saudita]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] ** [[Huthi]] *** [[Consilio Politic Supreme]] ** [[Intervention saudita in Yemen]] *** [[Conflicto huthi–saudita]] * [[Gruppo Wagner]] * [[Historia del Stato de Palestina]] * [[Conflicto arabo-israelita]] ** [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] *** [[Guerra de independentia de Israel]] *** [[Guerra del Sex Dies]] *** [[Guerra de Yom Kippur]] *** [[Prime Intifada]] *** [[Secunde Intifada]] *** [[Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] *** [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Guerra contra le terrorismo]] ** [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] *** [[Guerra de Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] ** [[Guerra de Irak]] ** [[Intervention militar in Libya de 2011]] ** [[Stato Islamic]] *** [[Intervention del Statos Unite in Syria]] * [[Crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)]] ** [[Conflicto inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] ** [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Guerra del Dece-Duo Dies]] ** [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] *** [[Campania del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026]] * [[Conflicto ecuadorian (2024–presente)]] * [[Revolution Gloriose]] * [[Guerra civil syrie]] * [[Congresso de Vienna]] * [[Crise del euro]] * [[Guerra contra le drogas]] ** [[Guerra contra le carteles (2025-nunc)]] *** [[Attacco statounitese contra Venezuela de 2026]] * [[Protestas de Generation Z]] ** [[Protestas del Gen Z in Asia]] * [[Historia de America]] ** [[Historia de America del Nord]] ** [[Historia de America Central]] *** [[Historia de Belize]] *** [[Historia de Guatemala]] *** [[Historia de Honduras]] *** [[Historia de Nicaragua]] *** [[Historia de El Salvador]] *** [[Historia de Panama]] *** [[Historia de Costa Rica]] ** [[Historia del Caribe]] *** [[Historia de Antigua e Barbuda]] *** [[Historia de Bahamas]] *** [[Historia de Barbados]] *** [[Historia de Cuba]] *** [[Historia de Grenada]] *** [[Historia de Haiti]] *** [[Historia de Dominica]] *** [[Historia de Jamaica]] *** [[Historia del Republica Dominican]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Kitts e Nevis]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Lucia]] *** [[Historia de Sancte Vincente e le Grenadinas]] *** [[Historia de Trinidad e Tobago]] ** [[Historia de America del Sud]] *** [[Historia de Chile]] *** [[Historia de Colombia]] *** [[Historia de Ecuador]] *** [[Historia de Guyana]] *** [[Historia de Paraguay]] *** [[Historia de Peru]] *** [[Historia de Suriname]] *** [[Historia de Uruguay]] *** [[Historia de Venezuela]] ** [[Historia de Europa]] *** [[Historia de Danmark]] *** [[Historia de Islanda]] *** [[Historia de Norvegia]] *** [[Historia de Svedia]] *** [[Historia de Finlandia]] *** [[Historia de Estonia]] *** [[Historia de Lettonia]] *** [[Historia de Lituania]] *** [[Historia del Republica de Irlanda]] *** [[Historia de Belgica]] *** [[Historia de Luxemburg]] *** [[Historia de Austria]] *** [[Historia de Russia]] *** [[Historia de Slovenia]] *** [[Historia de Polonia]] *** [[Historia del Republic Chec]] *** [[Historia de Slovachia]] *** [[Historia de Moldavia]] *** [[Historia de Croatia]] *** [[Historia de Monaco]] *** [[Historia de Hungaria]] *** [[Historia de Bielorussia]] *** [[Historia de Switza]] *** [[Historia de Liechtenstein]] *** [[Historia de Ukraina]] *** [[Historia de Romania]] *** [[Historia de Bulgaria]] *** [[Historia de San Marino]] *** [[Historia del Vaticano]] *** [[Historia de Bosnia e Herzegovina]] *** [[Historia de Macedonia del Nord]] *** [[Historia de Serbia]] *** [[Historia de Kosovo]] *** [[Historia de Montenegro]] *** [[Historia de Albania]] *** [[Historia de Turchia]] *** [[Historia de Cypro]] ** [[Historia de Asia]] *** [[Historia de Afghanistan]] *** [[Historia del Philippinas]] *** [[Historia de Azerbaijan]] **** [[Azerbaijan in le Alte Medievo]] ** [[Historia de Oceania]] {{div col end}} === Philosophia === * [[Philosophia continental]] * [[Philosophia occidental]] * [[Philosophia oriental]] * [[Platonismo]] * [[Neoplatonismo]] === Religion === * [[Mandeismo]] ** [[Ginza Rabba]] * [[Jesus in le manicheismo]] === Geographia === * [[Departimentos de Francia]] * [[Ukraina]] * Espania ** Madrid *** [[Complexo Cuzco]] * [[Rif]] * [[Fluvio Tago]] * [[Iberoamerica]] * [[Antarctica]] * [[America]] * [[Africa]] * [[Oceania]] * [[Asia]] == Politica == * [[Khomeinismo]] === Meliorate === * [[San Marino]] * [[8 (numero)]] * [[5 (numero)]] * [[Nord-est (direction geographic)]] * [[Jeszenszky Ferenc (1932)]] * [[Gaetano Mercurio]] * [[Consonante palatal]] * [[Societate cooperative europee]] * [[Unbitrium]] * [[Tachybaptus ruficollis]] === Alteres === * [[Figura de collina]] * [[Interdisciplinaritate]] * [[Solutionismo]] * [[Organisation de recerca per contracto]] * [[Del bon salvage al bon revolutionario]] * [[Universitate de Madrid]] * [[Logistica]] * [[Direction General pro le Securitate National]] * [[Hebban olla vogala]] * [[Litteratura del Renascentia]] * [[Frontiera inter Espania e Marocco]] * [[Agentia National de Securitate]] * [[Mustela frenata]] * [[Pression arterial]] * [[Invictus (film de 2009)]] * [[Tadorna ferruginea]] * [[Alcedo atthis]] * [[Lutra de pelle lisie]] * [[Mata Atlantica]] * [[Nimes]] * [[Telangana]] * [[A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm]] * [[Dönmeh]] * [[Theoria de conspiration del chemtrails]] * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Agitprop]] * [[Occidentalisation]] * [[Reschke Fernsehen]] * [[ELIZA]] * [[Effecto ELIZA]] * [[Cyclo de Krebs]] * [[Mitochondrion]] * [[Nucleolo]] * [[Basilica]] * [[Bulla immobiliari]] * [[Camino]] * [[Precio del allogiamento]] * [[Traffico de influentias]] * [[Privacitate]] ** [[Revelationes re le rete de surveliantia mundial de 2013–2015]] ** [[PRISM]] ** [[Surveliantia massive]] * [[Information classificate]] * [[CETME]] * [[Unitate militar]] * [[Separation de poteres]] * [[Palestinos]] * [[Disoccupation technologic]] * [[Marina]] * [[Strategia de defensa in mosaico]] * [[Combatto]] * [[Conflicto]] * Ethica ** [[Vengiantia]] * [[Mantello]] * [[Lingua artificial]] == Altere == * Reorganisar e redirigir le articulos re isotopos. [[af:Gebruiker:Interlingvisto]] [[io:Uzanto:Interlingvisto]] sgkx6dx39vqvmh0hzarrkbqoef0mhli 0 61162 704876 698773 2026-10-20T04:45:28Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704876 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Universidad Central e Instituto Cardenal Cisneros.jpg|thumb|Edificios del ancian Universitate Central de [[Madrid]] e del Instituto Cardenal Cisneros, [[calle de San Bernardo|strata de San Bernardo]], 47 e 49. Le prime phase esseva construite inter 1842 e 1844, e le secunde in 1847.]] Le '''Universitate Central''' e, plus tarde, le '''Universitate de Madrid''' esseva institutiones antecedente del actual [[Universitate Complutense de Madrid]]. == Historia == [[File:Manuel José Quintana (07-11-1822) discurso instalación Universidad Central de Madrid.png|thumb|alt=Discurso de Manuel José Quintana in le die del installation del Universitate Central de Madrid (07-11-1822).|Discurso de [[Manuel José Quintana]] in le die del installation del Universitate Central de Madrid (07-11-1822).]] Le 3 de octobre 1822 se integrava in un sol institution le inseniamentos del [[Reales Estudios de San Isidro|Regal Studios de San Isidro]] e le Regal Museo de Scientias Natural de Madrid.<ref>Regal Ordine del 3 de octobre 1822 per le qual se approba le stabilimento del Universitate Central de Madrid.</ref> Mediante regal ordine del [[María Cristina de Borbón-Dos Sicilias|regina regente]] del 29 de octobre 1836, se decretava le initio del transferimento a Madrid del studios del [[Universitate de Alcalá (historic)|Universitate de Alcalá]].<ref>[https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1836/701/A00001-00001.pdf Regal ordine del 29 de octobre 1836], in le sito web del BOE, 7 de novembre 1836.</ref> Le ordine disponeva le transferimento de 9 professores per constituer un schola provisional de jurisprudentia que se installarea in le edificio que habeva essite [[seminario]]. Le Universitate de Madrid poteva haber se denominate in principio «Universitate Litterari». In 1850<ref name="Universidad Complutense_1">{{cita web|url=http://censoarchivos.mcu.es/CensoGuia/fondoDetail.htm?id=1185100|título=Universidad Complutense de Madrid|editorial=Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte|obra=Censo-guía de Archivos de España e Iberoamérica|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408231630/http://censoarchivos.mcu.es/CensoGuia/fondoDetail.htm?id=1185100|archivedate=2023-04-08|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2026-08-19}}</ref> o 1851, illo passava a denominar se «Universitate Central»,<ref>[http://www.ucm.es/info/ucmp/pags.php?tp=Universidad%20Central&a=directorio&d=0002970.php Universidad Central. Universidad Complutense de Madrid - Ciudad Universitaria. 28/1/2012.]</ref> inter 1943 e 1970, illo serea cognoscite sub le nomine «Universitate de Madrid», usque a adoptar finalmente le denomination «Universitate Complutense de Madrid».<ref name="Universidad Complutense_1"/> Le Universitate Central ha su origine in le mentalitate renovator liberal que pretendeva poner fin al inseniamentos traditional in le universitates del [[Ancian Regimine]]. In un prime momento, illo se installava in le [[edificio del Seminario de Nobiles]] del [[Strata Princesa (Madrid)|strata Princesa]], passante posteriormente al [[Secunde monasterio del Visitation de Sancta Maria|convento del Salesas nove]] in le [[strata de San Bernardo]]. In 1842, se confirmava le ancian Noviciato de Jesuitas como le sede definitive del Universitate Central.<ref>In le actualitate, iste edificio alberga le [[Instituto de Espania]], le organismo que reuni le Regal Academias.</ref> Le prime projecto de adaptation del Noviciato a su nove uso como Universitate Central esseva de [[Francisco Javier Mariategui]]; post su morte, illo esseva substituite per [[Narciso Pascual y Colomer]], a qui se debe le realisation del Paranympho, construite in 1852 utilisante le muros del ancian ecclesia del jesuitas. Multe facultates remaneva distribuite per Madrid in differente edificios. Desde le [[lege Moyano]] (1857), iste universitate esseva le unic autorisate in Espania per conferer le [[titulo de doctor]], lo que le valeva le supernomine de «la Docta», usque in 1954, quando iste potestate esseva concedite al [[Universitate de Salamanca]], post le celebration de su VII centenario, e posteriormente al resto del universitates espaniol del epocha. Per su relation historic con le [[Universitate de Alcalá]], post que iste esseva un del institutiones que al unir se dava origine al Universitate de Madrid, se le dava officiosamente durante le [[franquismo]] le supernomine de «la Complutense», que se incorporava legalmente a su denomination desde 1970, per differentiar lo del [[Universitate Autonome de Madrid]] fundate in 1968. A partir del fin del regno de [[Alfonso XIII de Espania|Alfonso XIII]], le 17 de maio 1927, comenciava le projecto de crear un [[Citate Universitari de Madrid |Citate Universitaria]] in le nominate Altos de la Moncloa, a ubi se transfereva pauc a pauc le facultates. Verso le annos 1960, in le edificio del Noviciato non remaneva plus que le facultate de Ciencias Económicas y Políticas. In 1973, se separava de iste Universitate le Scholas Technic de Grado Superior e de Grado Medie de [[ETSAM|Architectura]] e Ingenieria e, conjunctamente con altere centros superior dependente del Ministerios de Defensa, Industria e Obras Publicas, se univa per formar le [[Universitate Polytechnic de Madrid]]. {{Referentias}} [[Categoria:Universitate de Madrid]] ncnhb6hbb2rb8c1cliun33u68yob1hm 0 61429 704868 704593 2026-10-20T01:13:43Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704868 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''geographia de Espania''' studia le position, le territorio, le relief, le clima, le hidrografia, le vegetacion, le population e le distribution del activitates economic del [[Espania]]. Le pais es situate in le extremo sud-occidental de [[Europa]] e occupa le major parte del [[peninsula iberic]], al qual se adjunge le [[Insulas Balear]], le [[Insulas Canari]] e le citates autonome de [[Ceuta]] e [[Melilla]] in le nord de [[Africa]].<ref name="IGNdatos">{{cite web |url=https://www.ign.es/web/ane-datos-geograficos |title=Información Geográfica Destacada |publisher=Instituto Geográfico Nacional |accessdate=25 septembre 2026}}</ref> Le territorio espaniol ha un superficie de circa 506 000 km² e es caracterisate per un grande diversitate de formas de relief, climas e paisages. Le position inter le [[Oceano Atlantic]], le [[Mar Mediterranee]], Europa e Africa explica parte de iste diversitate geographic.<ref name="IGNrelief">{{cite web |url=https://educativo.ign.es/atlas-didactico/relieve-bach/caractersticas_del_relieve_espaol.html |title=Características del relieve español |publisher=Instituto Geográfico Nacional |accessdate=25 septembre 2026}}</ref> == Position geographic == Espania es un Stato transcontinental, con le major parte de su territorio in le Peninsula Iberic e un parve parte in le continente africano. Le peninsula es limitate al west per [[Portugal]], al nord-est per [[Francia]] e [[Andorra]], e al sud per le territorio britanno de [[Gibraltar]] e le costas del [[Mar Mediterraneo]]. Ceuta e Melilla ha frontieras terrestre con [[Marocco]].<ref name="IGNdatos" /> Le territorio peninsular es circumdate per le Oceano Atlantic al nord e west, le Mar Cantabrico al nord e le Mar Mediterraneo al sud e est. Le Insulas Canari se trova in le Atlantic, al proximitate del costa occidental de Africa, mentre le Insulas Balear se trova in le Mediterraneo oriental.<ref name="IGNrelief" /> Le major parte del territorio espaniol se trova in le zona temperate del Hemispherio Nord, ben que le Insulas Canari ha un position plus meridional e un clima subtropical influentiate per lor position oceanic e proximitate al Africa. == Geographia physic == Le geographia physic de Espania es caracterisate per le grande diversitate del relief, del clima, del vegetation e del rete hydrographic. Le position inter le Atlantic e le Mediterraneo e le importante altitude del territorio contribui a iste diversitate.<ref name="IGNrelief" /> === Relief === Le relief del Peninsula Iberic es dominate per le [[Meseta Central]], un grande altipiano interior con un altitude medie de circa 600 a 800 metros. Le Meseta occupa un parte importante del centro del peninsula e es dividite per le [[Sistema Central]] in le submeseta septentrional e le submeseta meridional.<ref name="IGNmeseta">{{cite web |url=https://educativo.ign.es/atlas-didactico/relieve-bach/la_meseta.html |title=La Meseta |publisher=Instituto Geográfico Nacional |accessdate=25 septembre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319060833/https://educativo.ign.es/atlas-didactico/relieve-bach/la_meseta.html |archivedate=2025-03-19}}</ref> Le Meseta es circumdate per plure sistemas montuose. Al nord se trova le [[Cordillera Cantabrica]], al nord-est e est le [[Cordillera Iberic]], e al sud le [[Sierra Morena]]. Al nord-est le [[Pireneos]] forma le principal sistema montuose inter Espania e Francia.<ref name="IGNrelief" /> Al exterior del Meseta se trova etiam le depressiones del [[Ebro]] e del [[Guadalquivir]], insimul con diverse cordilleras littoral e mediterranee. Le altitude medie del Peninsula es circa 660 metros, un del plus alte inter le paises europee.<ref name="IGNrelief" /> Le plus alte puncto del territorio espaniol es le [[Teide]], in le insula de [[Tenerife]], con 3 715 metros super le nivello del mar. In le Peninsula, le culmine maxime alte es le [[Mulhacen]], in le [[Sierra Nevada]], con 3 479 metros.<ref name="IGNcumbres">{{cite web |url=https://educativo.ign.es/atlas-didactico/relieve-eso/formas_del_relieve.html |title=Formas del relieve |publisher=Instituto Geográfico Nacional |accessdate=25 septembre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260515045509/https://educativo.ign.es/atlas-didactico/relieve-eso/formas_del_relieve.html |archivedate=2026-05-15}}</ref> === Insulas === Le Insulas Balear constitue un archipelago in le Mar Mediterraneo, al est del Peninsula. Le principales insulas es [[Mallorca]], [[Menorca]], [[Ibiza]], [[Formentera]] e [[Cabrera]].<ref name="IGNrelief" /> Le Insulas Canari forma un archipelago de origine volcanic in le Oceano Atlantic. Le principales insulas es [[Tenerife]], [[Gran Canaria]], [[Lanzarote]], [[Fuerteventura]], [[La Palma]], [[La Gomera]], [[El Hierro]] e [[La Graciosa]]. Le origine volcanic explica le predominio de formas de relief volcanic e le altitude del Teide.<ref name="IGNrelief" /> === Costas e mares === Espania possede un extensive litoral, con costas appartenente al Atlantic, al Mar Cantabrico e al Mediterraneo. Le costa septentrional es generalmente plus umide e presenta numerosas rias, golfos e estuarios, specialmente in [[Gallecia]].<ref name="IGNrelief" /> Le costa mediterranee presenta numerosas plaias, golfos e sectores rocheose, con un forte concentration de population e activitate turistic. Le insulas contribue etiam al extension e al diversitate del litoral espaniol.<ref name="INEturismo">{{cite web |url=https://www.ine.es/prodyser/espa_cifras/EEC_2025_PUBLICACION_COMPLETA.pdf |title=España en cifras 2025 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística |accessdate=25 septembre 2026}}</ref> === Hydrographia === [[File:Demarcaciones hidrográficas de España 2012 mapa 13483 spa.jpg|300px|right|thumb|Bassinos hydrographic del Peninsula Iberic.]] Le rete hydrographic espaniol es organise principalmente in tres grandes vertentes: Atlantic, Cantabric e Mediterranee. Le major parte del grandes fluvios del peninsula flue verso le Atlantic, inter illos le [[Douro]], le [[Tago]], le [[Guadiana]] e le [[Guadalquivir]].<ref name="IGNhidro">{{cite web |url=https://www.ign.es/web/seccion-hidrografia |title=Hidrografía |publisher=Instituto Geográfico Nacional |accessdate=25 septembre 2026}}</ref> Le principal fluvio del vertente Mediterranee es le [[Ebro]], que nasce in le nord e desemboca in le Mediterraneo per un grande delta. Altere fluvios mediterranee, como le [[Jucar]] e le [[Segura]], ha un curso plus breve e presenta un regime plus irregular.<ref name="IGNhidro" /> Le rios del vertente Cantabric es generalmente breve, perque le montanias se trova proxime al costa, ma presenta un fluxo plus regular a causa del pluvas frequente del nord. Le Instituto Geografico National include in su bases geographic le principales cursos de aqua, massas de aqua e cuencas hydrographic del territorio espaniol.<ref name="IGNhidro" /> == Clima == Le clima de Espania es multo diverse a causa del extension territorial, del relief, del altitude e del influentia maritime. Le nord e nord-west ha un clima oceanic, caracterisate per temperaturas moderate e pluvas relativement regular durante le anno.<ref name="MITECOclima">{{cite web |url=https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/parques-nacionales-oapn/red-parques-nacionales/seguimiento/seguimiento-ecologico/red-seguimiento/picos.html |title=Parque Nacional de los Picos de Europa |publisher=Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico |accessdate=25 septembre 2026}}</ref> Le major parte del peninsula ha un clima mediterranee, con estates calide e sic e pluvas concentrate principalmente in le primavera e le autumno. In le interior del Meseta, le altitude e le distantia del mar favorisa contrastes termic plus forte inter estate e hiberno.<ref name="MITECOcabaneros">{{cite web |url=https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/parques-nacionales-oapn/red-parques-nacionales/seguimiento/seguimiento-ecologico/red-seguimiento/cabaneros.html |title=Parque Nacional de Cabañeros |publisher=Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico |accessdate=25 septembre 2026}}</ref> In partes del sud-est del peninsula existe zonas con climate plus aride o semi-aride, specialmente in le region de [[Murcia]] e in le sud-est de [[Andalusia]]. Le Insulas Canari presenta un clima subtropical, con variationes inter insulas e altitude. == Vegetation e medio ambiente == Le diversitate climatic e geographic produce un grande varietate de vegetation. Le zonas humides del nord es caracterisate per boscos decidue e prados, mentre le regiones mediterranee presenta vegetation adaptate al siccitate, como le quercia, le pin, le olive selvatic e diverse arbustos.<ref name="MITECObiodiversitate">{{cite web |url=https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/cambio-climatico/temas/impactos-vulnerabilidad-y-adaptacion/plan-nacional-adaptacion-cambio-climatico/pnatural-bd.html |title=Patrimonio natural, biodiversidad y áreas protegidas |publisher=Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico |accessdate=25 septembre 2026}}</ref> In le regiones plus aride del sud-est le vegetation es plus sparse. In le montanias, le vegetation varia secundo le altitude, con differentias inter le basse zonas, le boscos montan e le vegetation de alte montania.<ref name="MITECObiodiversitate" /> Le protection del medio ambiente include le conservation de parcos national, reservas natural, zonas humide e altere areas protegite. Le observation del territorio e le cartographia official es coordinate principalmente per le Instituto Geografico National.<ref name="MITECOcartografia">{{cite web |url=https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/parques-nacionales-oapn/red-parques-nacionales/seguimiento/seguimiento-ecologico/cartografia.html |title=Cartografía de los sistemas naturales terrestres |publisher=Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico |accessdate=25 septembre 2026}}</ref><ref name="IGNobserv">{{cite web |url=https://www.ign.es/web/es/ign/portal/obs-area-observacion-territorio |title=Observación del Territorio |publisher=Instituto Geográfico Nacional |accessdate=25 septembre 2026}}</ref> == Geographia human == Le population espaniol es distribute de maniera irregular. Le major concentrationes demographic se trova in le regiones littoral e in le grandes areas metropolitan, inter le quales [[Madrid]], [[Barcelona]], [[Valencia]], [[Sevilla]], [[Bilbao]] e [[Malaga]]. Le Instituto National de Statistica publica datos de population per communitate autonome, provincia, municipio e grado de urbanisation.<ref name="INEpopulation">{{cite web |url=https://www.ine.es/dynt3/inebase/index.htm?capsel=11398&padre=11555 |title=Censo anual de población 2021-2025 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística |accessdate=25 septembre 2026}}</ref> Le interior peninsular presenta in plure zonas un densitate demographic plus basse, con exceptiones importante como le area metropolitane de Madrid. Iste contrastes ha essite influentiate per le industrialisation, le urbanisation, le migrationes interne e le transformation del activitates economic.<ref name="INEpopulation" /> Le urbanisation ha crescite fortemente durante le 20e e le initio del 21e seculo. Le grandes citates concentra un parte importante del population, del services, del administration e del activitate economic.<ref name="INEpopulation" /> === Organisation territorial === Le territorio de Espania es dividite administrativemente in 17 [[Communitates autonome de Espania|communitates autonome]] e 2 citates autonome, [[Ceuta]] e [[Melilla]]. Le Communitates Autonome es subdividite in provincias, con exceptiones in le quales le organisation provincial ha particularitates.<ref name="Administracion">{{cite web |url=https://administracion.gob.es/pag_Home/espanaAdmon/comoSeOrganizaEstado/Sistema_Politico.html?imprimir=1 |title=Organización del Estado español |publisher=Punto de Acceso General, Gobierno de España |accessdate=25 septembre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation territorial reflecte le diversitate historic, cultural e geographic del pais. Le Communitates Autonome dispone de differentes nivellos de competentia in materias como education, sanitate, transportes e administration territorial.<ref name="Administracion" /> == Geographia economic == Le activitate economic presenta importante contrastes territorial. Le grandes areas urban e industrial concentra services avantiate, industria, administration e infrastructure, mentre le zonas rural conserva un rol importante in le agricultura, le ganaderia e le exploitation forestal. Le industria es particularmente importante in regiones como [[Catalonia]], le [[Pais Basc]], [[Navarra]], Madrid, Valencia e Aragon. Le turismo ha un importante concentration in le costas mediterranee, le [[Insulas Baleares|Insulas Balear]], le [[Insulas Canari]] e le grandes citates.<ref name="INEturismo" /> Le agricultura varia fortemente secundo le clima e le relief. Le agricultura mediterranee es importante in le production de olive, citros, fructos e vino, mentre le interior del peninsula presenta grande areas de cereales e ganaderia. Le position geographic de Espania e su rete de portos, aeroportos, autovias e ferrovias favorisa le commercio con le resto de Europa, Africa e America. Le Instituto Geografico National considera le geographia physic, human e economic como partes interconnectite del analyse del territorio.<ref name="IGNdatos" /> == Diversitate geographic == Le principal characteristica del territorio espaniol es le combination de grande extension, altitude elevate, varietate climatic e position inter Europa e Africa. Le Peninsula, le Insulas Balear, le Insulas Canari, Ceuta e Melilla forma un territorio geographic multo diverse.<ref name="IGNrelief" /> Iste diversitate se reflecte in le paisages, le climatologia, le distribution del population, le agricultura, le industria e le turismo. Le geographia de Espania es assi marcate per le relation constante inter le factores physic e le activitate human.<ref name="IGNdatos" /><ref name="INEpopulation" /> == Referentias == <references /> {{Espania}} [[Categoria:Geographia de Espania]] eqb77r8yi5662eibzqbla6wfhbo1kzf 0 61433 704904 700885 2026-10-20T08:55:45Z Interlingvisto 60932 704904 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''expansionismo american sub Donald Trump''' es un expression usate per describer le orientationes de politica exterior e territorial associate con le secunde administration de [[Donald Trump]], comenciate in 2025. Inter le casos le plus discutite se trova le ambition declarate de acquirer o controlar [[Groenlandia]], le proposition de facer [[Canada]] le 51e stato del [[Statos Unite]], le interesse pro le [[Canal de Panama]] e le proposition de establir un controlo american super le [[Banda de Gaza]]. Le administration ha generalmente presentate iste politicas como questiones de securitate national, commercio, accesso strategic e le principio de ''America First''. == Origines e contexto == Le orientation expansioniste de Trump se inscribe in un historia plus longe del politica exterior american. Le [[Doctrina Monroe]], proclamate in 1823, inicialmente declarava opposition al intervention de potentias europee in le Americas, ma in le curso del seculo XIX e le initio del seculo XX esseva reinterpretate como justification de un plus grande sfera de influentia del Stato Unite in le Hemispherio Occidental.<ref>{{Cita libro |last=Gilderhus |first=Mark T. |title=The Monroe Doctrine: Meanings and Implications |publisher=Wiley |year=2006 |pages=5–16 |doi=10.1111/j.1741-5705.2006.00282.x}}</ref> Analystas ha comparate le declarationes de Trump super Groenlandia, Canada e Panama con iste tradition historic, ben que le interpretation de iste continuitate varia. Alcun investigadores parla de un revival del Doctrina Monroe, mentre le administration parla principalmente de securitate, accesso strategic e protection del interessos american.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/emissary/2025/01/trump-greenland-panama-canal-monroe-doctrine-policy |title=Trump’s Greenland and Panama Canal Threats Are a Throwback to an Old, Misguided Foreign Policy |publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |date=7 de januario 2025 |access-date=25 de septembre 2026}}</ref> == Groenlandia == Groenlandia ha occupate un position central in le politica territorial de Trump. In 2019 ille ja manifestava interesse pro le compra del insula, que es parte del Regno de Danmark e possede un importante position strategic in le Arctic. Le idea esseva reprimitamente rejectate per le governamentos danese e groenlandese.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/trump-denmark-greenland-sign-deal-bid-end-arctic-standoff-2026-09-22/ |title=Trump, Greenland, Denmark sign deal in bid to end Arctic standoff |publisher=Reuters |date=22 de septembre 2026 |access-date=25 de septembre 2026}}</ref> Durante su secunde mandato, Trump renovava iste interesse e associava le controlo de Groenlandia con le securitate del America del Nord e le Arctic. Le leaders de Groenlandia e Danmark ha defendite le derecto de Groenlandia a su autodetermination e rejectate le idea de un transfer de sovranitate. In septembre 2026, le Stato Unite, Danmark e Groenlandia signava un accordo de securitate que augmenta le presentia militar american in Groenlandia. Secundo le Casa Blanc, le accordo include derectos permanente de basamento e limita le establishment de infrastructura militar o investimentos sensibile per potentias adversarie.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/releases/2026/09/president-trump-inks-historic-arctic-security-agreement/ |title=President Trump Inks Historic Arctic Security Agreement |publisher=The White House |date=22 de septembre 2026 |access-date=25 de septembre 2026}}</ref> Le accordo non transfer le sovranitate de Groenlandia al Stato Unite. == Canada == [[File:President Donald Trump greets Prime Minister of Canada Mark Carney at the West Wing entrance of the White House (54502389070).jpg|thumb|Trump con le prime ministro canadian [[Mark Carney]], 6 de maio 2025]] Trump ha repetitemente evocate le idea que [[Canada]] poterea devenir le 51e stato del Stato Unite. Le proposition esseva accompagnate per declarationes super le commercio, le frontiera e le relationes economic inter le duo paises. Le question ha provocate opposition del governamento e del classe politic canadese, qui continua a considerar Canada como un stato independente. Le administration Trump ha in plus usate tarifas e altere instrumentos economic in su relation con Canada, specialmente in relation con le questiones de narcotraffico, immigration e securitate del frontiera.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/03/amending-duties-to-address-the-flow-of-illicit-drugs-across-our-northern-border/ |title=Amending Duties to Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border |publisher=The White House |date=3 de martio 2025 |access-date=25 de septembre 2026}}</ref> == Canal de Panama == [[File:SD Hegseth Attends CENTSEC 25, Visits Sailors Aboard USS Chosin (54441820241).jpg|thumb|250px|Signatura del accordo conjuncte inter le Statos Unite e Panama (9 de april 2025).]] Trump ha etiam reclamate un plus grande controlo american del Canal de Panama, un infrastructura strategic que conecta le Atlantic e le Pacific. Le administration ha presentate le canal como un infrastructura essential pro le commercio e le securitate national, e ha exprimite opposition al influentia de potentias externe in su operation e infrastructura.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/releases/2025/03/leading-with-peace-through-strength/ |title=Leading with Peace Through Strength |publisher=The White House |date=2025 |access-date=25 de septembre 2026}}</ref> Le Canal de Panama esseva construite con participation american e administrate per le Stato Unite durante gran parte del seculo XX. Le controlo del canal esseva transferite gradualmente al Panama secundo le [[Tratatos Torrijos-Carter]], con le administration complete panamense desde 1999. Le interesse de Trump ha dunque reavivate un question historic super le relation inter le Stato Unite e le America Central. == Banda de Gaza == In februario 2025 Trump proponeva que le Stato Unite assumeva le controlo del [[Banda de Gaza]] e participava al su reconstruction. Le proposition esseva associate con un idea de redevelopment economic del territorio e con un proposition que le population palestinese poterea esser relocate temporarimente o permanentemente. Le proposition provocava reactions negative de diverse governamentos e organizaciones international e esseva discutite in relation con le derecto international e le question del autodetermination palestinese.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2025/04/08/americans-give-early-trump-foreign-policy-actions-mixed-or-negative-reviews/ |title=Trump’s Early Foreign Policy Moves: Americans Have Mixed, Negative Views |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=8 de april 2025 |access-date=25 de septembre 2026}}</ref> == Arctic e securitate == Le Arctic occupa un position crescente in le strategia international del Stato Unite. Groenlandia es importante pro su position inter America del Nord e Europa, le rutas maritime emergente e le proximitate con Russia. Le administration Trump ha dunque collegate le question de Groenlandia con le defense territorial, le infrastructura militar e le competition strategic in le Arctic. Le accordo de septembre 2026 inter Stato Unite, Danmark e Groenlandia confirma le importance militar del insula. Secundo le Casa Blanc, le accordo permitte le modernization e expansion del infrastructura militar american e le establishment de nove areas de defense.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/releases/2026/09/president-trump-inks-historic-arctic-security-agreement/ |title=President Trump Inks Historic Arctic Security Agreement |publisher=The White House |date=22 de septembre 2026 |access-date=25 de septembre 2026}}</ref> == Doctrina Monroe e Hemispherio Occidental == In 2025 le [[Casa Blanc]] comenciava a usar explicitemente le expression ''Trump Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine'' pro describer su conception del politica exterior in le Hemispherio Occidental. Le administration presenta iste orientation como un efforto pro impedir que potentias externe acquire positiones strategic in le Americas e pro proteger le frontieras e interesses del Stato Unite.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/remarks/2025/12/america-250-presidential-message-on-anniversary-of-monroe-doctrine/ |title=America 250: Presidential Message on Anniversary of Monroe Doctrine |publisher=The White House |date=2 de decembre 2025 |access-date=25 de septembre 2026}}</ref> Studios academic e analises de politica exterior ha comparate iste orientation con le evolution historic del Doctrina Monroe. Le interpretation varia inter un simple adaptation de un doctrina de securitate hemispheric e un retorno a conceptiones plus extensive del sfera de influentia american.<ref>{{Cita libro |last=McPherson |first=Alan |title=The Monroe Doctrine and United States National Security in the Early Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2020 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-43431-1}}</ref> == Reactions international == Le declarationes super Groenlandia, Canada, Panama e Gaza ha provocate reactiones diverse. Danmark e le governamento de Groenlandia ha defendite le autodetermination groenlandese; Canada ha rejectate le idea de incorporation al Stato Unite; e Panama ha defendite su sovranitate super le canal. In le caso de Groenlandia, le accordo de 2026 ha transformate le question de un possibile acquisition territorial in un arrangemento plus concentrate super le cooperation de defense e le presentia militar american.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/trump-denmark-greenland-sign-deal-bid-end-arctic-standoff-2026-09-22/ |title=Trump, Greenland, Denmark sign deal in bid to end Arctic standoff |publisher=Reuters |date=22 de septembre 2026 |access-date=25 de septembre 2026}}</ref> == Signification == Le politica exterior de Trump in su secunde mandato ha reintroducite in le debate international le question del expansion territorial american e del sfera de influentia del Stato Unite. Le casos de Groenlandia, Canada e Panama concern le Hemispherio Occidental, mentre le caso de Gaza representa un proposition de natura differente, centrate super controlo territorial e reconstruction. Le interpretation del fenomeno depende del perspective adoptate. Le administration lo presenta principalmente in terminos de securitate national, accesso strategic e interesses economic; altere observatores lo interpreta in relation con le historia del expansionismo american e le evolution del Doctrina Monroe.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://academic.oup.com/book/60611/chapter-abstract/524558986 |title=Righteous Peace in an Age of American Expansionism |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=27 de junio 2025 |access-date=25 de septembre 2026}}</ref> == Referentias == <references /> {{Cassa de campania del guerra de Iran de 2026}} [[Categoria:Politica exterior del Stato Unite]] [[Categoria:Donald Trump]] [[Categoria:Expansionismo]] [[Categoria:Doctrina Monroe]] fwh4nnrzelpmoeql3ke5xe1nidgbi0y 0 61661 704865 704188 2026-10-20T00:40:15Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704865 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''eviction de Maricarmen Abascal''' esseva le eviction judicial executate le 23 de septembre 2026 contra un femina de 87 annos que habita desde 1956 in un domicilio del calle Alcalde Sáinz de Baranda, in le district del Retiro de [[Madrid]]. Le caso habeva su origine in un controversia juridic super le duration de un contrato de alquiler de renta antique e deveniva posteriormente un del casos plus visibile del debate super le derecto al allogiamento in Espania. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://efe.com/espana/2026-09-23/desahucio-casa-maricarmen-madrid/ |title=Ejecutado en Madrid el desahucio de Maricarmen, la anciana de 87 años |publisher=Agencia EFE |date=23 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260923071642/https://efe.com/espana/2026-09-23/desahucio-casa-maricarmen-madrid/ |archivedate=23 September 2026 |accessdate=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le execution del eviction esseva sequite per manifestationes in Madrid e in altere citates, includente un campamento in le Puerta del Sol initiate le 26 de septembre. Le caso deveniva assi associate al mobilisation national super le derecto al allogiamento e le protection del personas inquilinas. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-acampada-puerta-sol-marcha-vivienda-exigir-aprobacion-decreto-maricarmen-20260926215002.html |title=Acampada en la Puerta del Sol tras la marcha por la vivienda para exigir la aprobación del 'decreto Maricarmen' |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Origine del contrato == Le domicilio esseva occupate per Maricarmen Abascal desde 1956, quando le contrato de alquiler esseva originalemente signate per un membro de su familia. Post le morte del titular initial, le contrat passava a su familia per duo subrogationes successiv. Maricarmen deveniva le titular del contrato post le morte de su matre in 2005. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/madrid/noticia-alquiler-1956-supremo-recorrido-judicial-acabo-desahucio-maricarmen-20260926075349.html |title=De un alquiler de 1956 al Supremo: el recorrido judicial que acabó con el desahucio de Maricarmen |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le controverse juridic concerneva precisamente le duration del secunde subrogation. Le proprietate sosteneva que le subrogation non poteva haber character vitalic e que le contrato habeva expirate secundo le dispositiones transitori del Lege de Arrendamentos Urban (LAU) de 1994. Le controverse dependeva inter altere elementos del interpretation del exception relative al grado de incapacitate del arrendataria. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/madrid/noticia-alquiler-1956-supremo-recorrido-judicial-acabo-desahucio-maricarmen-20260926075349.html |title=De un alquiler de 1956 al Supremo: el recorrido judicial que acabó con el desahucio de Maricarmen |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Acquisition del domicilio == Le proprietate del domicilio esseva acquirite per ''Urbagestión Desarrollo e Inversión S.L.'' in 2018. Post le acquisition, le societate communica que illo se habeva subrogate in le derectos e obligationes del proprietario precedente e continua a reciper le renta. Ulteriormente, le proprietate requireva information super le conditiones del subrogation del contrato. <ref name="efe">{{cite web |url=https://efe.com/verifica/2026-09-25/que-sabemos-desahucio-maricarmen/ |title=Qué sabemos del desahucio de Maricarmen: el contrato, la discapacidad y las alternativas ofrecidas |publisher=EFE Verifica |date=25 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Secundo le information publicate durante le processo, Urbagestión questionava le continuation del contrato de renta antique e initiava le procedimento judicial que finalmente conduceva al desahucio. Le proprietate e le representantes de Maricarmen habeva opiniones differente super le interpretation del contrato e super le solutiones que esseva possibile ante le execution del lanzamiento.<ref name="efe"/> == Procedimento judicial == Le prime decision judicial esseva favorabile a Maricarmen. Le Audiencia Provincial de Madrid revocava posteriormente iste decision e declarava extinguite le contrato per expiration del termino applicable al secunde subrogation. Le caso esseva ulteriormente portate ante le Tribunal Supreme. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/madrid/noticia-alquiler-1956-supremo-recorrido-judicial-acabo-desahucio-maricarmen-20260926075349.html |title=De un alquiler de 1956 al Supremo: el recorrido judicial que acabó con el desahucio de Maricarmen |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le Tribunal Supreme, per un auto del 13 de decembre 2023, inadmitteva le recurso de cassation e lassava ferme le decision del Audiencia Provincial. Le interpretation retenite esseva que le secunde subrogation esseva subjecte al limite temporal previde per le legislation, proque le exception concernente un incapacitate equal o superior a 65 % non esseva applicabile secundo le decision judicial. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/madrid/noticia-alquiler-1956-supremo-recorrido-judicial-acabo-desahucio-maricarmen-20260926075349.html |title=De un alquiler de 1956 al Supremo: el recorrido judicial que acabó con el desahucio de Maricarmen |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le Audiencia constatava tamen que, post le expiration del termino considerate applicabile al contrato, Maricarmen habeva continuate a pagar le renta e a habitar le domicilio. Le juridiction concludeva que un tacite reconduction habeva prolongate le occupation del allogiamento, ma finalmente declarava le contrato resolvite per expiration del termino. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/madrid/noticia-alquiler-1956-supremo-recorrido-judicial-acabo-desahucio-maricarmen-20260926075349.html |title=De un alquiler de 1956 al Supremo: el recorrido judicial que acabó con el desahucio de Maricarmen |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Tentativas de solution == Ante le execution del eviction, esseva presentate diverse propositiones pro permitter que Maricarmen remaneva in le domicilio. Le proprietate proposeva un solution de urgentia, ma le Ayuntamiento de Madrid considerava inicialmente que le proposition non esseva viable in le forma presentate e se offereva a mediar inter le partes. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20260925/urbagestion-duena-del-piso-maricarmen-envia-propuesta-ayuntamiento-para-pueda-volver-a-casa/17241114.shtml |title=El Ayuntamiento descarta la propuesta de Urbagestión para que Maricarmen vuelva a casa y se ofrece a mediar |publisher=RTVE |date=25 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le processo judicial deveniva definitive ante le execution del lanzamiento. Le 23 de septembre 2026, le commission judicial executava le desahucio. Maricarmen esseva transferite in ambulantia al Hospital Gregorio Marañón post haber sortite del domicilio in camilla. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://efe.com/espana/2026-09-23/desahucio-casa-maricarmen-madrid/ |title=Ejecutado en Madrid el desahucio de Maricarmen, la anciana de 87 años |publisher=Agencia EFE |date=23 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260923071642/https://efe.com/espana/2026-09-23/desahucio-casa-maricarmen-madrid/ |archivedate=23 September 2026 |accessdate=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Manifestationes e campamento == Le eviction provocava un grande manifestation in Madrid le 26 de septembre 2026, convocate per le Sindicato de Inquilinas e Inquilinos de Madrid. Le manifestation se moveva desde le Puerta del Sol verso Cibeles e le Congresso del Deputatos. Secundo le Delegation del Governo, circa 25 000 personas participava; le organisation convocante provideva un cifra multo superior. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://efe.com/espana/2026-09-26/multitudinaria-protesta-desahucio-maricarmen-madrid/ |title=Miles de personas protestan por el desahucio de Maricarmen en Madrid |publisher=Agencia EFE |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260927073554/https://efe.com/espana/2026-09-26/multitudinaria-protesta-desahucio-maricarmen-madrid/ |archivedate=27 September 2026 |accessdate=1 October 2026}}</ref> Post le manifestation, participantes installava un campamento in le Puerta del Sol e demandava mesuras legislative super le allogiamento, le desahucios e le contratos de alquiler. Le mobilisation adopta le expression «Decreto Maricarmen» pro designar un serie de mesuras demandate per le organisationes participante. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/economia/noticia-decreto-maricarmen-piden-acampada-puerta-sol-20260929075955.html |title='Decreto Maricarmen': qué es y qué piden en la acampada de la Puerta del Sol |publisher=Europa Press |date=29 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Accordio pro le retorno == Le 28 de septembre 2026, Urbagestión e le representantes de Maricarmen attingeva un accordio mediante un negotiation facilitate per le Empresa Municipal de la Vivienda y Suelo de Madrid (EMVS). Le accordio permitteva a Maricarmen retornar al domicilio como arrendataria con un nove contrato. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://elpais.com/espana/madrid/2026-09-28/urbagestion-llega-a-un-acuerdo-con-los-representantes-de-maricarmen-para-que-vuelva-a-su-casa.html |title=Urbagestión llega a un acuerdo con los representantes de Maricarmen para que vuelva a su casa |publisher=El País |date=28 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le nove contrato ha un duration de octo annos e le renta es determinate in relation con le ingresos del arrendataria, con un limite de 30 % del su ingresos net. Le accordio es gestionate mediante le Servicio de Intermediación del Alquiler del EMVS, que include servicios de asesoramento e certe garanties pro le arrendataria e le proprietate. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://elpais.com/espana/madrid/2026-09-29/maricarmen-acepta-el-acuerdo-y-volvera-a-su-casa-cuando-le-den-de-alta-del-hospital.html |title=Maricarmen acepta el acuerdo y volverá a su casa cuando le den de alta del hospital |publisher=El País |date=29 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le 29 de septembre, Maricarmen acceptava le accordio e esseva annunciate que illa poterea retornar al domicilio post su discharge del hospital. Le nove contrato es distincte del ancian contrato de 1956 e non representa le continuation juridic de illo. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.es/politica/maricarmen-acepta-acuerdo-podra-volver-casa-reciba-alta-f202609.html |title=Maricarmen acepta el acuerdo y podrá volver a su casa cuando reciba el alta |publisher=HuffPost España |date=29 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Signification public == Le caso ha devenite un exemplo central del debate super le protection del personas inquilinas vulnerabile, le duration del contratas de renta antique e le accesso al allogiamento in Espania. Le eviction e le posterior accordio esseva etiam un del factores que contribueva al mobilisation del septembre 2026 e al campamento del Puerta del Sol. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-acampada-puerta-sol-marcha-vivienda-exigir-aprobacion-decreto-maricarmen-20260926215002.html |title=Acampada en la Puerta del Sol tras la marcha por la vivienda para exigir la aprobación del 'decreto Maricarmen' |publisher=Europa Press |date=26 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Le caso combina assi un processo juridic de longa duration, un controverse super le interpretation de un contrato de renta antique e un mobilisation social super le derecto al allogiamento. Le retorno de Maricarmen al domicilio in un nove contrato resolveva le situation individual, durante que le debates legislative e social plus large super le allogiamento continuava. == Referentias == <references /> [[Categoria:Espania in 2026]] [[Categoria:Allogiamento in Espania]] [[Categoria:Historia de Madrid]] [[Categoria:Manifestationes e protestas in 2026]] [[Categoria:Manifestationes e protestas in Espania]] [[Categoria:XV Legislatura de Espania]] rfuc0narmko1fnh032zsba6q2o1988s 0 61825 704867 704592 2026-10-20T01:01:03Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Fortias Armate Portugese''' es le institution militar del Stato portugese e le principal instrumento del defensa militar del [[Portugal|Republica Portugese]]. Illas constitue le structura del Stato incaricate fundamentalmente de garantir le defensa militar del Republica e se integra in le administration directe del Stato per medio del [[Ministerio del Defensa National]]. Le quadro basic actual es establite principalmente per le Lege Organic 2/2021, de 9 de augusto, que approba le Lege Organic de Bases del Organisation del Fortias Armate (LOBOFA). <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Fortias Armate es submittite al organos de sovranitate competente secundo le Constitution e le lege. Le organos directemente responsabile del defensa national e del Fortias Armate include le Presidente del Republica, le [[Assemblea del Republica]], le Governamento e le Consilio Superior de Defensa National. Le Ministro del Defensa National es politicemente responsabile del elaboration e execution del componente militar del politica de defensa national, del administration del Fortias Armate e del resultatos de lor empleo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Historia e quadro legal == Le actual organisation del Fortias Armate se funda super le evolution del systema de defensa portugese e super le principio constitutional que le defensa militar del Republica es un responsabilitate del Stato. Le reforma del 2009 reforçava le integration inter le ramos e le function del [[Estado-Major General del Fortias Armate]] (EMGFA). Le reforma de 2021, concretisate per le LOBOFA e per le nove legislation organic del EMGFA, reforçava ulteriormente le unitate de commandamento e le rol del Capite del Stato-Major General del Fortias Armate (CEMGFA). <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/19-2022-178080766 |titulo=Decreto-Lei n.º 19/2022, de 24 de janeiro |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Lege Organic 2/2021 revocava le anterior Lege Organic 1-A/2009 e establiva nove bases pro le organisation del Fortias Armate. Illa define le EMGFA, le tres ramos e le organos militar de commandamento e de consilio como componentes del structura del Fortias Armate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Missiones == Le mission fundamental del Fortias Armate es garantir le defensa militar del Republica. Lor operation es orientate al preparation permanente pro responder a aggressiones o menacias externe e se realiza in le respeto del Constitution e del lege, in execution del politica de defensa national e del concepto strategic de defensa national. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Inter le missiones del Fortias Armate es: * garantir le sovranitate, le independentia national e le integritate territorial del Republica; * participar in missiones militar international pro respectar le compromissoes international de Portugal, includente missiones humanitari e de pace; * executar missiones extra le territorio national, autonomemente o in quadro multinational, pro salvaguardar le vita e le interesses del portugeses; * executar cooperation technico-militar in le quadro del politica national de cooperation; * collaborar con le fortias e servicios de securitate contra aggressiones o menacias transnational; * collaborar in missiones de protection civil e in actiones concernente le necessitates basic e le benesser del population; * cumprir le missiones resultante del stato de assedio o del stato de emergentia; * garantir le conditiones pro le education superior militar e le sanitate militar. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/emgfa |titulo=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260116001139/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/emgfa |archivedate=2026-01-16 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Organisation == Le structura del Fortias Armate comprende le Estado-Major General del Fortias Armate, le tres ramos — Marina, Armea e Fortia Aeree —, le organos militar de commandamento e le organos militar de consilio. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le systema de fortias ha duo componentes principal: un componente operational, que reuni le fortias e medios destinate al empleo militar conjuncte e integrate, e un componente fixe, que comprende commandos, unitates, stabilimentos, organos e servicios necessari al organisation e al supporto del Fortias Armate e del ramos. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation es orientate al preparation efficace e al emprego operational efficace del fortias. Le legislation exige etiam le articulation e le complementaritate inter le EMGFA e le ramos, con le creation de organos conjuncte o inter-ramos quando isto es objective necessitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Estado-Major General del Fortias Armate == Le Estado-Major General del Fortias Armate (EMGFA) es un structura del Fortias Armate integrate in le administration directe del Stato per medio del Ministerio del Defensa National. Illo ha autonomia administrative e es incaricate de planificar, dirigir e controlar le execution del strategia del defensa militar e le empleo del Fortias Armate in le missiones que illas debe complir. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.emgfa.pt/pt/quem-somos/Paginas/missao.aspx |titulo=Missão |sitioweb=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le EMGFA ha etiam competentias in le planification e direction del education superior militar, del sanitate militar, del informationes e securitate militar, del cyberdefense, del aspectos militar del programma spatial del defensa national e del innovation e transformation del Fortias Armate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le actual Capite del Stato-Major General del Fortias Armate, abreviate CEMGFA, es le General João Cartaxo Alves, qui exerce le cargo desde le 2 de martio 2026. Ille es le plus alte autoritate in le hierarchia del Fortias Armate e es responsabile ante le Governamento, per medio del Ministro del Defensa National, del capacitate de responsa militar del Fortias Armate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/emgfa |titulo=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260116001139/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/emgfa |archivedate=2026-01-16 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.emgfa.pt/pt/quem-somos/Paginas/CEMGFA.aspx |titulo=Chefe do Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |sitioweb=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le CEMGFA es le principal consiliero militar del Ministro del Defensa National e exerce le commandamento operational del Fortias Armate. In le tempore de pace, ille es responsabile del empleo del fortias del componente operational pro le execution del missiones del Fortias Armate; in stato de guerra, ille exerce le commandamento complete del Fortias Armate sub le autoritate del Presidente del Republica e del Governo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.emgfa.pt/pt/quem-somos/Paginas/CEMGFA.aspx |titulo=Chefe do Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |sitioweb=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Marina == Le Marina es un del tres ramos del Fortias Armate Portugese. Su mission principal es participar in le defensa militar del Republica e generar, preparar e sustener le fortias e medios del componente naval del systema de fortias. Illa complira etiam le missiones particular previde per le legislation e le missiones operational assignate per le CEMGFA. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/marinha |titulo=Marinha |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260123043635/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/marinha |archivedate=2026-01-23 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Le Capite del Stato-Major del Marina (CEMA) es le commandante del Marina. Desde le 27 de decembre 2024, le cargo es exercite per le Almirante Nobre de Sousa, qui es etiam, per inrentia, Autoritate Maritime National. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/marinha |titulo=Marinha |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260123043635/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/marinha |archivedate=2026-01-23 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Le Marina include le commandamento del componente naval, le superintendientias responsabile del material, personal, finantias e technologias del information, le Instituto Hidrografic, le Escola Naval, le Academia de Marina, le Commission Cultural del Marina e le Inspecion General del Marina. Le Servitio Maritime de Recerca e Salvamento functiona etiam in le ambito del Marina. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/marinha |titulo=Marinha |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260123043635/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/marinha |archivedate=2026-01-23 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Armea == Le Armea es le ramo terrestre del Fortias Armate. Su mission principal es participar in forma integrate in le defensa militar del Republica e generar e sustener le fortias e medios del componente terrestre del systema de fortias. Illo participa etiam in missiones international e in operationes extra le territorio national in quadro autonome o multinational. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/exercito |titulo=Exército |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260116180805/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/exercito |archivedate=2026-01-16 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Le Capite del Stato-Major del Armea (CEME) es le commandante del Armea. Le actual titular es le General Eduardo Mendes Ferrão, qui exerce le cargo desde le 1 de martio 2023. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/exercito |titulo=Exército |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260116180805/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/exercito |archivedate=2026-01-16 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Le Armea es organisate in un structura vertical e hierarchic e comprende le Stato-Major del Armea, organos central de administration e direction, le Commandamento del Fortias Terrestre, organos de consilio, le Inspecion General del Armea, organos de base e le elementos del componente operational del systema de fortias. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/exercito |titulo=Exército |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260116180805/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/exercito |archivedate=2026-01-16 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Fortia Aeree == Le Fortia Aeree es le ramo aeree del Fortias Armate. Su mission es cooperar in forma integrate al defensa militar del Republica mediante operationes aerie e le defensa del spatio aeree national, durante que illo complira le missiones previde per le legislation e le missiones operational assignate per le CEMGFA. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/fa/Paginas/default.aspx |titulo=Força Aérea |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005124506/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/fa/Paginas/default.aspx |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Le Capite del Stato-Major del Fortia Aeree (CEMFA) es le commandante del ramo. Le actual titular es le General Piloto-Aviator Sérgio Pereira, qui prendeva possession del cargo le 2 de martio 2026. Le CEMFA es etiam, per inrentia, le Autoritate Aeronautic National. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/fa/Paginas/default.aspx |titulo=Força Aérea |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005124506/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/fa/Paginas/default.aspx |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Le Fortia Aeree es organisate super un structura vertical e hierarchic, con nivellos de autoritate hierarchic, functional, technic e de coordination, pro garantir le efficacitate del componentes operational, logistic e de personal. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/fa/Paginas/default.aspx |titulo=Força Aérea |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005124506/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/fa/Paginas/default.aspx |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Commandamento operational == Le reforma del 2021 renforçava le centralitate del CEMGFA in le commandamento del operationes. Le Commandamento Conjuncte pro le Operationes Militar (CCOM) es le principal structura per le qual le CEMGFA exerce le commandamento operational del fortias e medios del componente operational del systema de fortias. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.emgfa.pt/pt/unidades/CCOM/Paginas/default.aspx |titulo=Comando Conjunto para as Operações Militares |sitioweb=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le CCOM exerce coordination super le Commandamento Operational del Açores, le Commandamento Operational del Madeira, le Commandamento del Operationes de Cyberdefense, le Centro de Informationes e Securitate Militar e le commandos del componentes naval, terrestre e aeree. Le missiones de recerca e salvamento maritime e aerie remane sub le responsabilitate del respectives ramos. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.emgfa.pt/pt/unidades/CCOM/Paginas/default.aspx |titulo=Comando Conjunto para as Operações Militares |sitioweb=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Education superior e sanitate militar == Le Fortias Armate dispone de un systema proprie de education superior militar e de servicios de sanitate militar. Le EMGFA ha le responsabilitate de planificar, dirigir e controlar iste areas a nivello conjuncte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Instituto Universitari Militar (IUM) es le institution central del education superior militar. Le structura del EMGFA include etiam le Hospital del Fortias Armate (HFAR) e le Direction de Sanitate Militar. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.emgfa.pt/pt/quem-somos/Paginas/estrutura.aspx |titulo=Estrutura |sitioweb=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Cooperation international == Le Fortias Armate Portugese participa in missiones e operationes international in le quadro de organisationes international e accordos de defense. Portugal es un del membros fundatores del NATO, al qual illo se adjunge in 1949, e participa in le effortio collective del Aliança in varie regiones e operationes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/pdefesa/dn/Paginas/default.aspx |titulo=Defesa na Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005111119/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/pdefesa/dn/Paginas/default.aspx |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> Le Fortias Portugese participa tamben in missiones del Union Europee, del Naciones Unite e in cooperation bilateral e multinational. Le EMGFA include iste participationes inter le missiones del Fortias Armate e le commitmentes international del Stato portugese. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.emgfa.pt/pt/quem-somos/Paginas/missao.aspx |titulo=Missão |sitioweb=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In le periodo recente, le Fortias Armate ha participiate in operationes NATO e in missiones humanitari e de pace, assi como in cooperation militar con altere statos. Le natura e le numero del missiones varia secundo le decisiones del Stato portugese e le quadro international de securitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/pdefesa/dn/Paginas/default.aspx |titulo=Defesa na Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005111119/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/pdefesa/dn/Paginas/default.aspx |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Cooperation con altere servicios del Stato == Le legislation portugese previde que le Fortias Armate pote collaborar con le fortias e servicios de securitate e con le protection civil quando le natura del mission lo require. Iste cooperation es distincte del lor mission fundamental de defensa militar e es effectuate secundo le conditiones establite per le Constitution e le legislation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Marina collabora con le Autoritate Maritime National, durante que le Fortia Aeree presta le recursos human e material necessari al functiones del Autoritate Aeronautic National. Le ramos pote etiam participar in missiones de protection civil e in actiones de supporto al population. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/marinha |titulo=Marinha |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260123043635/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/marinha |archivedate=2026-01-23 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/fa/Paginas/default.aspx |titulo=Força Aérea |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005124506/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/fa/Paginas/default.aspx |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Situation actual == In 2026, le Fortias Armate Portugese continua organisate como un structura integrate del Stato, con le EMGFA e le tres ramos — Marina, Armea e Fortia Aeree — al centro del systema. Le CEMGFA es le plus alte autoritate militar del hierarchia e exerce le commandamento operational conjuncte, durante que le chefes del ramos dirige le respectives organisations e genera e sustene le fortias e medios necessari al systema de fortias. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.emgfa.pt/pt/quem-somos/Paginas/CEMGFA.aspx |titulo=Chefe do Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |sitioweb=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei-organica/2-2021-169256653 |titulo=Lei Orgânica n.º 2/2021, de 9 de agosto |sitioweb=Diário da República |accesso=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le actual CEMGFA es General João Cartaxo Alves; le chef del Marina es Almirante Nobre de Sousa; le chef del Armea es General Eduardo Mendes Ferrão; e le chef del Fortia Aeree es General Piloto-Aviator Sérgio Pereira. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/emgfa |titulo=Estado-Maior-General das Forças Armadas |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260116001139/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/emgfa |archivedate=2026-01-16 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/marinha |titulo=Marinha |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260123043635/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/marinha |archivedate=2026-01-23 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/exercito |titulo=Exército |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260116180805/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/exercito |archivedate=2026-01-16 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/fa/Paginas/default.aspx |titulo=Força Aérea |sitioweb=Ministério da Defesa Nacional |accesso=5 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261005124506/https://www.defesa.gov.pt/pt/defesa/organizacao/forcasarmadas/fa/Paginas/default.aspx |archivedate=2026-10-05 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-05}}</ref> == Referentias == <references /> [[Categoria:Fortias Armate de Portugal]] qvbzefck3lzudf510lr8ocvsb9suvmj 0 61902 704864 704597 2026-10-19T21:38:30Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Ministerio de Cultura''' es un departamento de le [[Administration General del Stato]] de [[Espania]] incaricate de proponer e executar le politica del Governamento in materia de cultura. Su competentias include le promotion, protection e diffusion del patrimonio historic espaniol, le museos e archivos statal, le artes, le libro, le lectura e le creation litterari, le activitates cinematographic e audiovisual, e le libros e bibliothecas statal. Illo promove etiam le cultura in espaniol, le cooperation cultural e, in coordination con le Ministerio del Affaires Exterior, Union Europee e Cooperation, le relationes international in materia cultural. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le sede del Ministerio se trova al Plaza del Rey, 1, Madrid, in le edificio historic appellate Casa de las Siete Chimeneas. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |titulo=Ministerio de Cultura y organismos públicos adscritos |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261006204437/https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |archivedate=2026-10-06 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> == Historia == Le actual Ministerio de Cultura ha su origine in le reorganisation del Administration General del Stato durante le transition democratic. Le Ministerio de Cultura y Bienestar esseva create per le Real Decreto 1961/1977, de 29 de julio, e le denomination Ministerio de Cultura esseva establite definitivamente per le Real Decreto 2258/1977, de 27 de augusto, que defineva su structura organic e su competentias. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/description/167396 |titulo=Ministerio de Cultura y Bienestar / Ministerio de Cultura |sitioweb=PARES – Archivos Españoles |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007111714/https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/description/167396 |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |titulo=Historia del Archivo Central de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007184408/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le nove departamento reuniva unitates que ante esseva repartite inter altere departamentos, includente le direction general concernente al patrimonio artistic e cultural, unitates del Ministerio de Information e Turismo e organos relative al familia, juventute e deporte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |titulo=Historia del Archivo Central de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007184408/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le creation del Ministerio marca un nove quadro institutional pro le politica cultural estatal post le establimento del systema democratic. Inter le nove competentias esseva le protection del patrimonio historic-artistic, le archivos, le museos, le libro e bibliothecas, le musica, le teatro, le cinematographia e le diffusion cultural. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/bellasartes/historia/proyectos-web-bellas-artes/bellas-artes-y-la-constitucion/bellas-artes-1978.html |titulo=Bellas Artes en 1978 |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007000802/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/bellasartes/historia/proyectos-web-bellas-artes/bellas-artes-y-la-constitucion/bellas-artes-1978.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> In 1983, le sede del Ministerio esseva transferite al actual edificio del Plaza del Rey, 1, in Madrid. Le edificio historic, cognoscite como Casa de las Siete Chimeneas, deveniva assi le sede principal del departamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |titulo=Historia del Archivo Central de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007184408/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le Ministerio esseva mantenite como departamento autonome usque a 1996, quando un nove reorganisation del Governamento lo integrate con le education in le Ministerio de Educación y Cultura. In 2000 le denomination deveniva Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/autoridad/50798 |titulo=España. Ministerio de Cultura |sitioweb=PARES – Archivos Españoles |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007100436/https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/autoridad/50798 |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> In 2004, le politica cultural recuperava un Ministerio proprie con le creation del Ministerio de Cultura e le elevation del Secretariato de Stato de Cultura al rango de departamento ministerial. Ulteriormente, le competentias cultural esseva integrate de novo in le Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte inter 2011 e 2018. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://censoarchivos.cultura.gob.es/CensoGuia/productordetail.htm?id=50798 |titulo=España. Ministerio de Cultura |sitioweb=Censo-Guía de Archivos de España e Iberoamérica |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007090351/https://censoarchivos.cultura.gob.es/CensoGuia/productordetail.htm?id=50798 |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> In 2018, le cultura reveniva a esser gestionate per un Ministerio de Cultura proprie. Post le reorganisation ministerial de 2023, le Ministerio de Cultura esseva mantenite como departamento autonome del Governamento. Le actual structura organic es regulate principalmente per le Real Decreto 323/2024, ulteriormente modificate in 2025. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Competentias == Le Ministerio es incaricate de proponer e executar le politica del Governamento concernente al patrimonio historic espaniol, le museos e archivos statal e le artes. Iste competentias include le protection, conservation, restauration, investigation e diffusion del patrimonio cultural. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In materia de libro e lectura, le Ministerio promove le industria del libro, le lectura e le creation litterari, e coordina le politica statal concernente le bibliothecas statal. Desde 2025, iste dominio include explicitemente le promotion del libro e del comic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo, texto consolidado |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Ministerio es competente etiam in le derectos cultural, includente le promotion e garantia del accesso del citatanos al cultura e le protection del pluralitate del expressiones cultural. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/funciones-y-competencias.html |titulo=Funciones y competencias |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le politica del cinematographia e del sector audiovisual es exercite principalmente per le Instituto de la Cinematografía y de las Artes Audiovisuales, organismo autonome adscripte al Ministerio. Le Ministerio promove le cinematographia e le creation audiovisual e participa in le elaboration e execution del politica public in iste sectores. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/cine/inicio.html |titulo=Instituto de la Cinematografía y de las Artes Audiovisuales |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260223215107/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/cine/inicio.html |archivedate=2026-02-23 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le Ministerio es responsabile etiam de le artes scenic e le musica, includente lor protection, promotion e diffusion. Iste competentias es actualmente coordinate per le Direction General de Artes Escenicas e Musica e per le Instituto Nacional de las Artes Escénicas y de la Música. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo, texto consolidado |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Ministerio participa etiam in le cooperation cultural con le Communitates Autonome e in le relationes cultural international de Espania, in coordination con le Ministerio del Affaires Exterior, Union Europee e Cooperation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Structura == Le Ministerio de Cultura es sub le superior direction del Ministro e se structura principalmente in le Secretariato de Stato de Cultura e le Subsecretariato de Cultura. Le Secretariato de Stato es le organo superior del departamento incaricate del impulsion, disveloppamento e execution del politica del Governamento in materia de cultura. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo, texto consolidado |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Secretariato de Stato de Cultura === Le Secretariato de Stato de Cultura ha le responsabilitate superior pro le impulsion e execution del politica cultural. Su competentias include le libro, le comic, le lectura, le derectos cultural, le proprietate intellectual, le cooperation cultural, le patrimonio historic, le museos, le archivos, le bibliothecas statal, le artes visual e le artes scenic e musica. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/organigrama/ministro/secretaria-estado-cultura.html |titulo=Secretaría de Estado de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Del Secretariato de Stato depende le sequente directiones general: * le Direction General del Libro, del Comic e del Lectura; * le Direction General del Derectos Cultural; * le Direction General del Patrimonio Cultural e Belle Artes; * le Direction General del Artes Scenicas e Musica. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/organigrama.html |titulo=Organigrama |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Secretariato de Stato dispone etiam de un Gabinet, con nivello organic de subdirection general, que provide assistentia immediate al Secretario de Stato. Le actual Secretario de Stato de Cultura es Jordi Martí Grau. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/organigrama/ministro/secretaria-estado-cultura.html |titulo=Secretaría de Estado de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Subsecretariato de Cultura === Le Subsecretariato de Cultura es le altere organo superior del departamento e ha sub su dependentia le Secretariato General Technic. Illo exerce le functiones de coordination e supporto administrative general del Ministerio, conforme al legislation super le organisation del Administration General del Stato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/organigrama.html |titulo=Organigrama |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organismos attachate == Le Ministerio coordina un insimul de organismos public e institutions cultural attachate, inter le quales se trova le Bibliotheca National de Espania, le Gerentia de Infrastructure e Equipamentos de Cultura, le Instituto de le Cinematographia e del Artes Audiovisual, le Instituto National del Artes Scenicas e del Musica, le Museo National Centro de Arte Reina Sofía e le Museo del Prado. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |titulo=Ministerio de Cultura y organismos públicos adscritos |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261006204437/https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |archivedate=2026-10-06 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le Ministerio ha etiam relationes con diverse fundationes del sector public, inter le quales le Instituto de Cultura Gitana, le Fundación Colección Thyssen-Bornemisza, le Fundación del Teatro Real e le Fundación Festival Internacional de Teatro Clásico de Almagro. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |titulo=Ministerio de Cultura y organismos públicos adscritos |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261006204437/https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |archivedate=2026-10-06 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> == Sede == Le sede del Ministerio es al Plaza del Rey, 1, Madrid. Le edificio, cognoscite como Casa de las Siete Chimeneas, esseva occupate per le Ministerio desde 1983, quando le departamento esseva transferite desde le anterior sede del Paseo de la Castellana. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |titulo=Historia del Archivo Central de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007184408/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le Casa de las Siete Chimeneas es un edificio historic del centro de Madrid e constitui le sede institutional del departamento. Le adresse official del Ministerio es Plaza del Rey, 1, 28004 Madrid. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |titulo=Ministerio de Cultura y organismos públicos adscritos |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261006204437/https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |archivedate=2026-10-06 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> == Relationes con le Communitates Autonome == Le Constitution espaniol attribue al Stato competentias legislative e de coordination in differente materias cultural, durante que le Communitates Autonome exerce important competentias de administration e protection cultural secundo lor Statutos de Autonomia. Le Ministerio participa in iste systema per le cooperation cultural territorial e le coordination con le administrationes autonome. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le cooperation con le Communitates Autonome es particularmente relevante pro le patrimonio historic, le museos, le archivos, le bibliothecas e le promotion del derectos cultural. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/funciones-y-competencias.html |titulo=Funciones y competencias |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007001240/https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/funciones-y-competencias.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] [[Categoria:Ministerios de Espania]] k74opbidw3wdrttbrycsrntjxr0kjxg 704870 704864 2026-10-20T02:54:57Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704870 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Ministerio de Cultura''' es un departamento de le [[Administration General del Stato]] de [[Espania]] incaricate de proponer e executar le politica del Governamento in materia de cultura. Su competentias include le promotion, protection e diffusion del patrimonio historic espaniol, le museos e archivos statal, le artes, le libro, le lectura e le creation litterari, le activitates cinematographic e audiovisual, e le libros e bibliothecas statal. Illo promove etiam le cultura in espaniol, le cooperation cultural e, in coordination con le Ministerio del Affaires Exterior, Union Europee e Cooperation, le relationes international in materia cultural. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le sede del Ministerio se trova al Plaza del Rey, 1, Madrid, in le edificio historic appellate Casa de las Siete Chimeneas. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |titulo=Ministerio de Cultura y organismos públicos adscritos |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261006204437/https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |archivedate=2026-10-06 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> == Historia == Le actual Ministerio de Cultura ha su origine in le reorganisation del Administration General del Stato durante le transition democratic. Le Ministerio de Cultura y Bienestar esseva create per le Real Decreto 1961/1977, de 29 de julio, e le denomination Ministerio de Cultura esseva establite definitivamente per le Real Decreto 2258/1977, de 27 de augusto, que defineva su structura organic e su competentias. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/description/167396 |titulo=Ministerio de Cultura y Bienestar / Ministerio de Cultura |sitioweb=PARES – Archivos Españoles |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007111714/https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/description/167396 |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |titulo=Historia del Archivo Central de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007184408/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le nove departamento reuniva unitates que ante esseva repartite inter altere departamentos, includente le direction general concernente al patrimonio artistic e cultural, unitates del Ministerio de Information e Turismo e organos relative al familia, juventute e deporte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |titulo=Historia del Archivo Central de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007184408/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le creation del Ministerio marca un nove quadro institutional pro le politica cultural estatal post le establimento del systema democratic. Inter le nove competentias esseva le protection del patrimonio historic-artistic, le archivos, le museos, le libro e bibliothecas, le musica, le teatro, le cinematographia e le diffusion cultural. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/bellasartes/historia/proyectos-web-bellas-artes/bellas-artes-y-la-constitucion/bellas-artes-1978.html |titulo=Bellas Artes en 1978 |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007000802/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/bellasartes/historia/proyectos-web-bellas-artes/bellas-artes-y-la-constitucion/bellas-artes-1978.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> In 1983, le sede del Ministerio esseva transferite al actual edificio del Plaza del Rey, 1, in Madrid. Le edificio historic, cognoscite como Casa de las Siete Chimeneas, deveniva assi le sede principal del departamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |titulo=Historia del Archivo Central de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007184408/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le Ministerio esseva mantenite como departamento autonome usque a 1996, quando un nove reorganisation del Governamento lo integrate con le education in le Ministerio de Educación y Cultura. In 2000 le denomination deveniva Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/autoridad/50798 |titulo=España. Ministerio de Cultura |sitioweb=PARES – Archivos Españoles |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007100436/https://pares.cultura.gob.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/autoridad/50798 |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> In 2004, le politica cultural recuperava un Ministerio proprie con le creation del Ministerio de Cultura e le elevation del Secretariato de Stato de Cultura al rango de departamento ministerial. Ulteriormente, le competentias cultural esseva integrate de novo in le Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte inter 2011 e 2018. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://censoarchivos.cultura.gob.es/CensoGuia/productordetail.htm?id=50798 |titulo=España. Ministerio de Cultura |sitioweb=Censo-Guía de Archivos de España e Iberoamérica |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007090351/https://censoarchivos.cultura.gob.es/CensoGuia/productordetail.htm?id=50798 |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> In 2018, le cultura reveniva a esser gestionate per un Ministerio de Cultura proprie. Post le reorganisation ministerial de 2023, le Ministerio de Cultura esseva mantenite como departamento autonome del Governamento. Le actual structura organic es regulate principalmente per le Real Decreto 323/2024, ulteriormente modificate in 2025. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Competentias == Le Ministerio es incaricate de proponer e executar le politica del Governamento concernente al patrimonio historic espaniol, le museos e archivos statal e le artes. Iste competentias include le protection, conservation, restauration, investigation e diffusion del patrimonio cultural. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In materia de libro e lectura, le Ministerio promove le industria del libro, le lectura e le creation litterari, e coordina le politica statal concernente le bibliothecas statal. Desde 2025, iste dominio include explicitemente le promotion del libro e del comic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo, texto consolidado |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Ministerio es competente etiam in le derectos cultural, includente le promotion e garantia del accesso del citatanos al cultura e le protection del pluralitate del expressiones cultural. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/funciones-y-competencias.html |titulo=Funciones y competencias |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007001240/https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/funciones-y-competencias.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le politica del cinematographia e del sector audiovisual es exercite principalmente per le Instituto de la Cinematografía y de las Artes Audiovisuales, organismo autonome adscripte al Ministerio. Le Ministerio promove le cinematographia e le creation audiovisual e participa in le elaboration e execution del politica public in iste sectores. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/cine/inicio.html |titulo=Instituto de la Cinematografía y de las Artes Audiovisuales |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260223215107/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/cine/inicio.html |archivedate=2026-02-23 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le Ministerio es responsabile etiam de le artes scenic e le musica, includente lor protection, promotion e diffusion. Iste competentias es actualmente coordinate per le Direction General de Artes Escenicas e Musica e per le Instituto Nacional de las Artes Escénicas y de la Música. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo, texto consolidado |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Ministerio participa etiam in le cooperation cultural con le Communitates Autonome e in le relationes cultural international de Espania, in coordination con le Ministerio del Affaires Exterior, Union Europee e Cooperation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Structura == Le Ministerio de Cultura es sub le superior direction del Ministro e se structura principalmente in le Secretariato de Stato de Cultura e le Subsecretariato de Cultura. Le Secretariato de Stato es le organo superior del departamento incaricate del impulsion, disveloppamento e execution del politica del Governamento in materia de cultura. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo, texto consolidado |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Secretariato de Stato de Cultura === Le Secretariato de Stato de Cultura ha le responsabilitate superior pro le impulsion e execution del politica cultural. Su competentias include le libro, le comic, le lectura, le derectos cultural, le proprietate intellectual, le cooperation cultural, le patrimonio historic, le museos, le archivos, le bibliothecas statal, le artes visual e le artes scenic e musica. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/organigrama/ministro/secretaria-estado-cultura.html |titulo=Secretaría de Estado de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Del Secretariato de Stato depende le sequente directiones general: * le Direction General del Libro, del Comic e del Lectura; * le Direction General del Derectos Cultural; * le Direction General del Patrimonio Cultural e Belle Artes; * le Direction General del Artes Scenicas e Musica. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/organigrama.html |titulo=Organigrama |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Secretariato de Stato dispone etiam de un Gabinet, con nivello organic de subdirection general, que provide assistentia immediate al Secretario de Stato. Le actual Secretario de Stato de Cultura es Jordi Martí Grau. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/organigrama/ministro/secretaria-estado-cultura.html |titulo=Secretaría de Estado de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Subsecretariato de Cultura === Le Subsecretariato de Cultura es le altere organo superior del departamento e ha sub su dependentia le Secretariato General Technic. Illo exerce le functiones de coordination e supporto administrative general del Ministerio, conforme al legislation super le organisation del Administration General del Stato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/organigrama.html |titulo=Organigrama |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organismos attachate == Le Ministerio coordina un insimul de organismos public e institutions cultural attachate, inter le quales se trova le Bibliotheca National de Espania, le Gerentia de Infrastructure e Equipamentos de Cultura, le Instituto de le Cinematographia e del Artes Audiovisual, le Instituto National del Artes Scenicas e del Musica, le Museo National Centro de Arte Reina Sofía e le Museo del Prado. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |titulo=Ministerio de Cultura y organismos públicos adscritos |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261006204437/https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |archivedate=2026-10-06 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le Ministerio ha etiam relationes con diverse fundationes del sector public, inter le quales le Instituto de Cultura Gitana, le Fundación Colección Thyssen-Bornemisza, le Fundación del Teatro Real e le Fundación Festival Internacional de Teatro Clásico de Almagro. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |titulo=Ministerio de Cultura y organismos públicos adscritos |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261006204437/https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |archivedate=2026-10-06 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> == Sede == Le sede del Ministerio es al Plaza del Rey, 1, Madrid. Le edificio, cognoscite como Casa de las Siete Chimeneas, esseva occupate per le Ministerio desde 1983, quando le departamento esseva transferite desde le anterior sede del Paseo de la Castellana. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |titulo=Historia del Archivo Central de Cultura |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007184408/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/mc/amc/presentacion/historia.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> Le Casa de las Siete Chimeneas es un edificio historic del centro de Madrid e constitui le sede institutional del departamento. Le adresse official del Ministerio es Plaza del Rey, 1, 28004 Madrid. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |titulo=Ministerio de Cultura y organismos públicos adscritos |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261006204437/https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio.html |archivedate=2026-10-06 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> == Relationes con le Communitates Autonome == Le Constitution espaniol attribue al Stato competentias legislative e de coordination in differente materias cultural, durante que le Communitates Autonome exerce important competentias de administration e protection cultural secundo lor Statutos de Autonomia. Le Ministerio participa in iste systema per le cooperation cultural territorial e le coordination con le administrationes autonome. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2024-6087 |titulo=Real Decreto 323/2024, de 26 de marzo |sitioweb=Boletín Oficial del Estado |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le cooperation con le Communitates Autonome es particularmente relevante pro le patrimonio historic, le museos, le archivos, le bibliothecas e le promotion del derectos cultural. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/funciones-y-competencias.html |titulo=Funciones y competencias |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261007001240/https://www.cultura.gob.es/ministerio/funciones-y-competencias.html |archivedate=2026-10-07 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-06}}</ref> {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Ministerio de Cultura (Espania)]] [[Categoria:Ministerios de Espania]] 0235si6mykadbccsjoer6jje6759qb2 0 62033 704922 703848 2026-10-20T10:16:30Z Interlingvisto 60932 704922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)''' es un periodo de conflictos armate, confrontationes regional e crises humanitari que se intensificava post le attacco del 7 de octobre 2023 contra Israel per Hamas e altere gruppos armate palestinian. Le guerra in le [[Banda de Gaza]] deveniva le foco initial principal, ma le hostilitate se extenderea etiam al [[Libano]], al [[Mar Rubie]], al [[Irak]], al [[Syria]] e a altere partes del region. In 2026, le confrontationes se ampliava con le guerra que involveva [[Iran]], Israel e le Statos Unite. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://unsco.unmissions.org/en |titulo=Office of the United Nations Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process |sitioweb=Organisation del Nationes Unite}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref> Le crise non constitue un sol guerra con un commandamento commun, ma un serie de conflictos interconnectite. Le actores, le causas immediate e le objectivos varia inter le frontes. Le situation ha includite operationes militar, attaccos contra infrastructura, displacemento de populationes, perturbationes del navigation commercial e effortios diplomatic pro obtener cessate le foco e accordos de securitate. == Antecedentes == Le conflictos contemporanee del Medio Oriente ha antecedentes historic differente. Inter le factores principal se trova le conflicto israelo-palestinian, le rivalitate inter Israel e Iran, le instabilitate politic in plure Statos e le activitate de gruppos armate non statal. Le conflicto israelo-palestinian ha essite marcate per decennios de confrontationes concernente le territorio, le securitate, le occupation, le statuto de Jerusalem, le refugatos palestinian e le creation de un Stato palestinian. Le situation in Gaza ha essite influentiate etiam per le governantia de Hamas, le restrictiones de movemento e le guerras anterior inter Hamas e Israel. Le rivalitate inter Iran e Israel ha includite operationes indirecte, attaccos contra infrastructura e confrontationes per actores armate associate a differente Statos. Post octobre 2023, iste rivalitate deveniva un factor plus directe del securitate regional. == Attacco del 7 de octobre 2023 == Le 7 de octobre 2023, Hamas e altere gruppos armate palestinian lanceva un attacco contra le sud de Israel. Le operation includeva tiros de projectiles, infiltrationes in communitates e installationes militar, e le captura de personas como hostages. Secundo cifras largemente citate in reportos international, circa 1 200 personas esseva occidite e circa 250 esseva prendite como hostages. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/major-moments-israel-gaza-war-2025-01-15/ |titulo=Key events in the Israel-Gaza war |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=15 de januario 2025}}</ref> Israel respondeva declarando un stato de guerra e initiava un campania de bombardamentos e operationes militar in Gaza. Le objectivos declarate del governamento israelian includeva dismantellar le capacitate militar e governative de Hamas e liberar le hostages. Le attacco e le responsa militar subsequent marcava le initio del actual fase del guerra in Gaza e provocava un crise humanitari de grande extension. == Guerra in Gaza == === Operationes militar === Israel initiava bombardamentos a grande scala in Gaza e postea lanceva operationes terrestre. Le operationes affectava zonas urban densemente populate, infrastructura civil, hospitales, scholas, systemas de aqua e altere servicios essential. Le guerra causava un numero elevate de mortes e blessatos palestinian, destruction de habitationes e displacemento a grande scala. Le Organisation del Nationes Unite e su agencias humanitari reportava difficultates in le distribution de alimento, aqua potable, combustibile e assistentia medical. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ochaopt.org/content/humanitarian-situation-report-2-october-2026 |titulo=Humanitarian Situation Report: 2 October 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |fecha=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Hamas e altere gruppos armate continuava a executar attaccos contra le forces israelian e a mantener hostages. Le operationes militar e le restrictiones super le movemento complicava le evacuation de civiles e le accesso al assistentia humanitari. === Situation humanitari === Le population de Gaza ha suffrite le destruction de habitationes, le interruption de servicios essential e le displacemento repetite. Numerose personas esseva obligate a abandonar lor casas e refugiar se in campamentos, edificios superpopulate o altere locos con protection limitate. In octobre 2026, le Office del Nationes Unite pro le Coordination de Affaires Humanitari (OCHA) reportava que le insufficentia de fundos obligava a reducer certe programas de distribution de alimento. Le organisation mentionava etiam personas displaciate que viveva in locos exposte a inundationes o in edificios considerate non secur. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ochaopt.org/content/humanitarian-situation-report-2-october-2026 |titulo=Humanitarian Situation Report: 2 October 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |fecha=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le situation sanitari esseva aggravate per le damnos al hospitales, le penuria de medicamentos, le difficultates de evacuation medical e le accesso limitate a aqua e sanitation. Le Organisation Mundial del Sanitate ha signalate effectos del escalada regional super le servicios de sanitate e le movemento de equipamento medical e assistentia humanitari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref> === Hostages e negotiationes === Le liberation del hostages deveniva un del questiones principal in le negotiationes inter Israel e Hamas. Le accordos discutite o implementate durante le guerra includeva liberationes de hostages e detenitos, suspensiones temporari del hostilitate e discussion de assistentia humanitari. Le implementation de iste accordos esseva complicate per disaccordos concernente le ordine del liberationes, le retiro del forces israelian, le governantia futur de Gaza e le conditiones pro un fin permanente del guerra. == Expansion del conflicto al Libano == Post le 7 de octobre 2023, [[Hezbollah]] initiava attaccos contra Israel desde le Libano. Israel respondeva con attaccos aeree e altere operationes contra objectivos associate al organisation. Le confrontation al frontiera deveniva progressivemente plus intense. Durante 2024, le hostilitate includeva attaccos a grande scala e operationes israelian contra Hezbollah. Le confrontation causava mortes, destruction e displacemento de populationes in le sud del Libano e in partes de Israel. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israels-war-lebanon-against-hezbollah-since-oct-7-2023-2024-11-26/ |titulo=Israel's war in Lebanon against Hezbollah since Oct. 7, 2023 |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=26 de novembre 2024}}</ref> Un cessate le foco mediate per le Statos Unite entrava in vigor in novembre 2024, ma le situation restava fragile. Le securitate al frontiera e le retorno del populationes displaciate continuava a depender del evolution del accordo e del nivello de hostilitate. Durante 2026, le confrontationes regional complicava ulteriormente le situation. Le securitate del frontiera libanese e le retiro de forces restava questiones importante in le effortios diplomatic. == Iran e le confrontation regional == === Escalada directe in 2024 === In april 2024, Iran executava un attacco directe contra Israel con drones e missiles, post un attacco contra un edificio diplomatic iranian in Damascus attribuite a Israel. Israel e su parceiros interceptava le major parte del projectiles. Le episodio marcava un expansion importante del confrontation directe inter le duo paises. Le attaccos e operationes militar subsequent augmentava le risco de un guerra regional plus large. Le rivalitate includeva etiam operationes contra commandantes militar, infrastructura e actores associate a Iran in differente partes del region. === Guerra de 2026 === Le confrontation escalava ulteriormente le 28 de februario 2026, quando le Statos Unite e Israel lanceva attaccos contra Iran. Le operationes initiava un nove fase del guerra regional e esseva sequite per responsas iranian e altere attaccos in le region. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/af2443646cf96ff01b8b1becff3f3e0e |titulo=Trump says latest Iran peace offer not enough, may resume bombing, and other Mideast developments |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=1 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le conflicto involveva operationes aeree, attaccos con missiles e drones e perturbationes del navigation e del transporto in partes del region. Le situation affectava le mercatos energetic e le routes maritime strategic, includente le [[Stricto de Hormuz]]. Le 9 de octobre 2026, le presidente statounitese Donald Trump declarava que le Statos Unite non intendeva reprender le attaccos militar contra Iran ante le electiones de medio termino del 3 de novembre. Il citava negotiationes indirecte e discussiones in curso, ma le situation remaneva instabile e le possibilitate de un nove escalada non esseva eliminate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/422b1799a1a06466279ac265f560e014 |titulo=Trump says US will not resume military strikes on Iran before the Nov. 3 midterm elections |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Yemen e le Mar Rubie == Le [[Houthi]]s de Yemen, que controla grande parte del nord del pais, initiava attaccos contra naves commercial e objectivos associate a Israel in le contexto del guerra in Gaza. Le operationes affectava le navigation in le [[Mar Rubie]] e circa le [[Bab el-Mandeb]], un passagio strategic pro le commercio international. Le attaccos e le responsas militar de altere paises provocava alterationes del itinerarios maritime, augmentos del custos de transporte e operationes de securitate naval. Le situation in Yemen esseva complicate per le conflicto interne de longe duration e per le rivalitate inter le Houthi e le governamento yemenita recognoscite internationalmente. Secundo le Organisation International pro le Migration, plus de 200 000 personas esseva displaciate in Yemen desde le initio de septembre 2026, in consequentia del combattimentos inter le Houthi e le forces supportate per Arabia Saudita. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/more-than-200000-people-displaced-since-fighting-yemen-began-says-un-agency-2026-10-07/ |titulo=More than 200,000 people displaced since fighting in Yemen began, says UN agency |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 8 de octobre 2026, attaccos contra le aeroporto international de Riyadh e un avion de Saudia occideva tres citatanos saudite, secundo autoritates del regno citate per Associated Press. Le Houthi revendicava attaccos contra le aeroporto; le incidentes provocava interruptiones del trafico aerie e aggravava le confrontation con Arabia Saudita. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/5226e214e7c50ceff68915379ec3a714 |titulo=Saudi authorities say 3 killed in Houthi-claimed attacks on Riyadh airport |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le escalation augmentava le riscos pro le navigation in le Mar Rubie e le securitate regional. Le situation continua a esser influentiate per le guerra civil yemenita e per le participation de actores regional. == Irak e Siria == Le instabilitate in Irak e Siria faceva parte del quadro regional del crise. In iste paises, gruppos armate, forces statal e actores externe participava in operationes e confrontationes que poteva esser influentiate per le guerra in Gaza e per le rivalitate inter Iran, Israel e le Statos Unite. Le situation varia inter le regiones. Le presentia de gruppos armate associate a Iran, le operationes contra gruppos jihadista e le attaccos contra installationes militar e diplomatic rende le securitate in certe zonas vulnerabile a escaladas regional. Le guerra de 2026 augmentava le preoccupation concernente le possibilitate que le confrontationes se extendeva a altere partes del region, specialmente in zonas ubi existe infrastructura militar o actores associate a paises directemente implicate. == Impacto humanitari e economic == Le crise ha causate mortes, blessatos, displacemento e destruction de infrastructura in plure paises. Le populationes civil es directemente affectate per bombardamentos, interruptiones de servicios essential, restrictiones de movemento e difficultates de accesso al assistentia humanitari. Le [[Alte Commissariato del Nationes Unite pro le Refugiatos]] (UNHCR) ha signalate que le escalada militar regional ha fortiate numerose personas a abandonar lor casas. Le displacemento in Libano, Iran e altere paises affectate ha create necessitates urgente de protection, allogiamento e assistentia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unhcr.org/emergencies/middle-east-emergency |titulo=Middle East Emergency |sitioweb=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees}}</ref> Le conflicto affecta etiam le economia regional e mundial. Le perturbationes del navigation maritime, le riscos circa le Stricto de Hormuz e le attaccos contra infrastructura energetic contribueva al volatilitate del mercatos de petroleum e al augmento del custos de transporte. Le perturbation del spatio aerie e del rutas maritime affecta le movemento de personas, medicamentos, alimento e altere provisiones humanitari. Le Organisation Mundial del Sanitate ha signalate effectos super le servicios medical e le distribution de equipamento sanitari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref> == Diplomatia e effortios de pace == Le diplomatia international ha tentate limitar le extension del conflicto e obtener cessate le foco in Gaza, le Libano e altere partes del region. Le Statos Unite, Egypto, Qatar e altere actores ha participate in differente processos de mediation. Le Organisation del Nationes Unite continua a promover negotiationes concernente le conflicto israelo-palestinian e le implementation de accordos humanitari e de securitate. In septembre 2026, le Officio del Coordinator Special del ONU pro le Processo de Pace in le Medio Oriente avertiva que le expansion de colonias israelian e le crescentia del violentia in le West Bank minava le possibilitate de un solution a duo Statos. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unmissions.org/en/dppa/news/this-week-in-dppa-26-september-2-october-2026 |titulo=This Week in DPPA: 26 September–2 October 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le effortios diplomatic ha incontrate difficultates concernente le conditiones de cessate le foco, le liberation de hostages, le retiro de forces, le governantia futur de Gaza e le relationes de securitate inter le Statos del region. == Relationes international e implicantias strategic == Le crise ha affectate le relationes inter le Statos Unite, Israel, Iran, Arabia Saudita, Qatar, Egypto, Turquia e altere paises. Le actores regional e international non sempre ha le mesme objectivos; lor alliances e interesses varia secundo le conflicto e le periodo. Le confrontationes ha influentiate le cooperation militar, le sanctiones economic, le diplomatia energetic e le securitate del rutas commercial. Le situation ha reinforce le attention al vulnerabilitate del infrastructura critic e al possibilitate que un conflicto local produce effectos plus vaste. Le participation de actores externe e de gruppos armate non statal rende le crise difficile a resolver per un sol accordo. Le differente frontes require negotiationes e mesuras de securitate que considera lor causas e actores specific. == Chronologia resumite == * 7 de octobre 2023: Hamas e altere gruppos armate palestinian attacca Israel; le guerra actual in Gaza comencia. * Octobre 2023: le confrontation inter Israel e Hezbollah se intensifica al frontiera israelo-libanese. * April 2024: Iran executa un attacco directe contra Israel. * 2024: le guerra in Gaza e le confrontationes in le Libano causa displacemento e destruction a grande scala. * Novembre 2024: un cessate le foco inter Israel e Hezbollah entra in vigor, ben que le situation remane fragile. * 2025: le hostilitate in Gaza resume in martio post un periodo de cessate le foco. * 28 de februario 2026: le Statos Unite e Israel lanceva attaccos contra Iran, initiante un nove fase del confrontation regional. * Septembre 2026: le combattimentos in Yemen provoca un nove unda de displacemento. * Octobre 2026: attaccos contra Riyadh e le continuation del confrontationes regional augmenta le preoccupation concernente le securitate del routes de navigation e del infrastructura civil. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/major-moments-israel-gaza-war-2025-01-15/ |titulo=Key events in the Israel-Gaza war |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=15 de januario 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/more-than-200000-people-displaced-since-fighting-yemen-began-says-un-agency-2026-10-07/ |titulo=More than 200,000 people displaced since fighting in Yemen began, says UN agency |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Situation actual == Al 9 de octobre 2026, le Medio Oriente resta affectate per plure conflictos interconnectite, includente le guerra in Gaza, le confrontationes in le Libano, le guerra que involve Iran e le escalation in Yemen. Le situation humanitari continua a esser grave in plure zonas, durante que le negotiationes diplomatic tenta limitar le hostilitate e evitar un extension plus large del conflicto. Le situation cambia rapidemente. Le actores implicate, le accordos e le conditiones militar pote evolver in breve tempore. Le description del crise debe dunque distinguer inter eventos confirmate, declarationes del partes implicate e interpretationes de observatores independente. == Vide etiam == * [[Guerra Israel–Hamas]] * [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] * [[Hezbollah]] * [[Iran]] * [[Houthi]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] * [[Organisation del Nationes Unite]] * [[Crise humanitari]] {{Ref}} {{Guerra de Iran de 2026}} [[Categoria:Conflicto arabo-israelita]] [[Categoria:Conflictos in Oriente Medie]] [[Categoria:Crise de Oriente Medie (2023–presente)| ]] k78bqa6y5h0t41th4dwrviaerrcfj8p 704923 704922 2026-10-20T10:16:49Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Vide etiam */ 704923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)''' es un periodo de conflictos armate, confrontationes regional e crises humanitari que se intensificava post le attacco del 7 de octobre 2023 contra Israel per Hamas e altere gruppos armate palestinian. Le guerra in le [[Banda de Gaza]] deveniva le foco initial principal, ma le hostilitate se extenderea etiam al [[Libano]], al [[Mar Rubie]], al [[Irak]], al [[Syria]] e a altere partes del region. In 2026, le confrontationes se ampliava con le guerra que involveva [[Iran]], Israel e le Statos Unite. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://unsco.unmissions.org/en |titulo=Office of the United Nations Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process |sitioweb=Organisation del Nationes Unite}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref> Le crise non constitue un sol guerra con un commandamento commun, ma un serie de conflictos interconnectite. Le actores, le causas immediate e le objectivos varia inter le frontes. Le situation ha includite operationes militar, attaccos contra infrastructura, displacemento de populationes, perturbationes del navigation commercial e effortios diplomatic pro obtener cessate le foco e accordos de securitate. == Antecedentes == Le conflictos contemporanee del Medio Oriente ha antecedentes historic differente. Inter le factores principal se trova le conflicto israelo-palestinian, le rivalitate inter Israel e Iran, le instabilitate politic in plure Statos e le activitate de gruppos armate non statal. Le conflicto israelo-palestinian ha essite marcate per decennios de confrontationes concernente le territorio, le securitate, le occupation, le statuto de Jerusalem, le refugatos palestinian e le creation de un Stato palestinian. Le situation in Gaza ha essite influentiate etiam per le governantia de Hamas, le restrictiones de movemento e le guerras anterior inter Hamas e Israel. Le rivalitate inter Iran e Israel ha includite operationes indirecte, attaccos contra infrastructura e confrontationes per actores armate associate a differente Statos. Post octobre 2023, iste rivalitate deveniva un factor plus directe del securitate regional. == Attacco del 7 de octobre 2023 == Le 7 de octobre 2023, Hamas e altere gruppos armate palestinian lanceva un attacco contra le sud de Israel. Le operation includeva tiros de projectiles, infiltrationes in communitates e installationes militar, e le captura de personas como hostages. Secundo cifras largemente citate in reportos international, circa 1 200 personas esseva occidite e circa 250 esseva prendite como hostages. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/major-moments-israel-gaza-war-2025-01-15/ |titulo=Key events in the Israel-Gaza war |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=15 de januario 2025}}</ref> Israel respondeva declarando un stato de guerra e initiava un campania de bombardamentos e operationes militar in Gaza. Le objectivos declarate del governamento israelian includeva dismantellar le capacitate militar e governative de Hamas e liberar le hostages. Le attacco e le responsa militar subsequent marcava le initio del actual fase del guerra in Gaza e provocava un crise humanitari de grande extension. == Guerra in Gaza == === Operationes militar === Israel initiava bombardamentos a grande scala in Gaza e postea lanceva operationes terrestre. Le operationes affectava zonas urban densemente populate, infrastructura civil, hospitales, scholas, systemas de aqua e altere servicios essential. Le guerra causava un numero elevate de mortes e blessatos palestinian, destruction de habitationes e displacemento a grande scala. Le Organisation del Nationes Unite e su agencias humanitari reportava difficultates in le distribution de alimento, aqua potable, combustibile e assistentia medical. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ochaopt.org/content/humanitarian-situation-report-2-october-2026 |titulo=Humanitarian Situation Report: 2 October 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |fecha=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Hamas e altere gruppos armate continuava a executar attaccos contra le forces israelian e a mantener hostages. Le operationes militar e le restrictiones super le movemento complicava le evacuation de civiles e le accesso al assistentia humanitari. === Situation humanitari === Le population de Gaza ha suffrite le destruction de habitationes, le interruption de servicios essential e le displacemento repetite. Numerose personas esseva obligate a abandonar lor casas e refugiar se in campamentos, edificios superpopulate o altere locos con protection limitate. In octobre 2026, le Office del Nationes Unite pro le Coordination de Affaires Humanitari (OCHA) reportava que le insufficentia de fundos obligava a reducer certe programas de distribution de alimento. Le organisation mentionava etiam personas displaciate que viveva in locos exposte a inundationes o in edificios considerate non secur. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ochaopt.org/content/humanitarian-situation-report-2-october-2026 |titulo=Humanitarian Situation Report: 2 October 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |fecha=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le situation sanitari esseva aggravate per le damnos al hospitales, le penuria de medicamentos, le difficultates de evacuation medical e le accesso limitate a aqua e sanitation. Le Organisation Mundial del Sanitate ha signalate effectos del escalada regional super le servicios de sanitate e le movemento de equipamento medical e assistentia humanitari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref> === Hostages e negotiationes === Le liberation del hostages deveniva un del questiones principal in le negotiationes inter Israel e Hamas. Le accordos discutite o implementate durante le guerra includeva liberationes de hostages e detenitos, suspensiones temporari del hostilitate e discussion de assistentia humanitari. Le implementation de iste accordos esseva complicate per disaccordos concernente le ordine del liberationes, le retiro del forces israelian, le governantia futur de Gaza e le conditiones pro un fin permanente del guerra. == Expansion del conflicto al Libano == Post le 7 de octobre 2023, [[Hezbollah]] initiava attaccos contra Israel desde le Libano. Israel respondeva con attaccos aeree e altere operationes contra objectivos associate al organisation. Le confrontation al frontiera deveniva progressivemente plus intense. Durante 2024, le hostilitate includeva attaccos a grande scala e operationes israelian contra Hezbollah. Le confrontation causava mortes, destruction e displacemento de populationes in le sud del Libano e in partes de Israel. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israels-war-lebanon-against-hezbollah-since-oct-7-2023-2024-11-26/ |titulo=Israel's war in Lebanon against Hezbollah since Oct. 7, 2023 |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=26 de novembre 2024}}</ref> Un cessate le foco mediate per le Statos Unite entrava in vigor in novembre 2024, ma le situation restava fragile. Le securitate al frontiera e le retorno del populationes displaciate continuava a depender del evolution del accordo e del nivello de hostilitate. Durante 2026, le confrontationes regional complicava ulteriormente le situation. Le securitate del frontiera libanese e le retiro de forces restava questiones importante in le effortios diplomatic. == Iran e le confrontation regional == === Escalada directe in 2024 === In april 2024, Iran executava un attacco directe contra Israel con drones e missiles, post un attacco contra un edificio diplomatic iranian in Damascus attribuite a Israel. Israel e su parceiros interceptava le major parte del projectiles. Le episodio marcava un expansion importante del confrontation directe inter le duo paises. Le attaccos e operationes militar subsequent augmentava le risco de un guerra regional plus large. Le rivalitate includeva etiam operationes contra commandantes militar, infrastructura e actores associate a Iran in differente partes del region. === Guerra de 2026 === Le confrontation escalava ulteriormente le 28 de februario 2026, quando le Statos Unite e Israel lanceva attaccos contra Iran. Le operationes initiava un nove fase del guerra regional e esseva sequite per responsas iranian e altere attaccos in le region. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/af2443646cf96ff01b8b1becff3f3e0e |titulo=Trump says latest Iran peace offer not enough, may resume bombing, and other Mideast developments |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=1 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le conflicto involveva operationes aeree, attaccos con missiles e drones e perturbationes del navigation e del transporto in partes del region. Le situation affectava le mercatos energetic e le routes maritime strategic, includente le [[Stricto de Hormuz]]. Le 9 de octobre 2026, le presidente statounitese Donald Trump declarava que le Statos Unite non intendeva reprender le attaccos militar contra Iran ante le electiones de medio termino del 3 de novembre. Il citava negotiationes indirecte e discussiones in curso, ma le situation remaneva instabile e le possibilitate de un nove escalada non esseva eliminate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/422b1799a1a06466279ac265f560e014 |titulo=Trump says US will not resume military strikes on Iran before the Nov. 3 midterm elections |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Yemen e le Mar Rubie == Le [[Houthi]]s de Yemen, que controla grande parte del nord del pais, initiava attaccos contra naves commercial e objectivos associate a Israel in le contexto del guerra in Gaza. Le operationes affectava le navigation in le [[Mar Rubie]] e circa le [[Bab el-Mandeb]], un passagio strategic pro le commercio international. Le attaccos e le responsas militar de altere paises provocava alterationes del itinerarios maritime, augmentos del custos de transporte e operationes de securitate naval. Le situation in Yemen esseva complicate per le conflicto interne de longe duration e per le rivalitate inter le Houthi e le governamento yemenita recognoscite internationalmente. Secundo le Organisation International pro le Migration, plus de 200 000 personas esseva displaciate in Yemen desde le initio de septembre 2026, in consequentia del combattimentos inter le Houthi e le forces supportate per Arabia Saudita. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/more-than-200000-people-displaced-since-fighting-yemen-began-says-un-agency-2026-10-07/ |titulo=More than 200,000 people displaced since fighting in Yemen began, says UN agency |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 8 de octobre 2026, attaccos contra le aeroporto international de Riyadh e un avion de Saudia occideva tres citatanos saudite, secundo autoritates del regno citate per Associated Press. Le Houthi revendicava attaccos contra le aeroporto; le incidentes provocava interruptiones del trafico aerie e aggravava le confrontation con Arabia Saudita. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/5226e214e7c50ceff68915379ec3a714 |titulo=Saudi authorities say 3 killed in Houthi-claimed attacks on Riyadh airport |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le escalation augmentava le riscos pro le navigation in le Mar Rubie e le securitate regional. Le situation continua a esser influentiate per le guerra civil yemenita e per le participation de actores regional. == Irak e Siria == Le instabilitate in Irak e Siria faceva parte del quadro regional del crise. In iste paises, gruppos armate, forces statal e actores externe participava in operationes e confrontationes que poteva esser influentiate per le guerra in Gaza e per le rivalitate inter Iran, Israel e le Statos Unite. Le situation varia inter le regiones. Le presentia de gruppos armate associate a Iran, le operationes contra gruppos jihadista e le attaccos contra installationes militar e diplomatic rende le securitate in certe zonas vulnerabile a escaladas regional. Le guerra de 2026 augmentava le preoccupation concernente le possibilitate que le confrontationes se extendeva a altere partes del region, specialmente in zonas ubi existe infrastructura militar o actores associate a paises directemente implicate. == Impacto humanitari e economic == Le crise ha causate mortes, blessatos, displacemento e destruction de infrastructura in plure paises. Le populationes civil es directemente affectate per bombardamentos, interruptiones de servicios essential, restrictiones de movemento e difficultates de accesso al assistentia humanitari. Le [[Alte Commissariato del Nationes Unite pro le Refugiatos]] (UNHCR) ha signalate que le escalada militar regional ha fortiate numerose personas a abandonar lor casas. Le displacemento in Libano, Iran e altere paises affectate ha create necessitates urgente de protection, allogiamento e assistentia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unhcr.org/emergencies/middle-east-emergency |titulo=Middle East Emergency |sitioweb=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees}}</ref> Le conflicto affecta etiam le economia regional e mundial. Le perturbationes del navigation maritime, le riscos circa le Stricto de Hormuz e le attaccos contra infrastructura energetic contribueva al volatilitate del mercatos de petroleum e al augmento del custos de transporte. Le perturbation del spatio aerie e del rutas maritime affecta le movemento de personas, medicamentos, alimento e altere provisiones humanitari. Le Organisation Mundial del Sanitate ha signalate effectos super le servicios medical e le distribution de equipamento sanitari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref> == Diplomatia e effortios de pace == Le diplomatia international ha tentate limitar le extension del conflicto e obtener cessate le foco in Gaza, le Libano e altere partes del region. Le Statos Unite, Egypto, Qatar e altere actores ha participate in differente processos de mediation. Le Organisation del Nationes Unite continua a promover negotiationes concernente le conflicto israelo-palestinian e le implementation de accordos humanitari e de securitate. In septembre 2026, le Officio del Coordinator Special del ONU pro le Processo de Pace in le Medio Oriente avertiva que le expansion de colonias israelian e le crescentia del violentia in le West Bank minava le possibilitate de un solution a duo Statos. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unmissions.org/en/dppa/news/this-week-in-dppa-26-september-2-october-2026 |titulo=This Week in DPPA: 26 September–2 October 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le effortios diplomatic ha incontrate difficultates concernente le conditiones de cessate le foco, le liberation de hostages, le retiro de forces, le governantia futur de Gaza e le relationes de securitate inter le Statos del region. == Relationes international e implicantias strategic == Le crise ha affectate le relationes inter le Statos Unite, Israel, Iran, Arabia Saudita, Qatar, Egypto, Turquia e altere paises. Le actores regional e international non sempre ha le mesme objectivos; lor alliances e interesses varia secundo le conflicto e le periodo. Le confrontationes ha influentiate le cooperation militar, le sanctiones economic, le diplomatia energetic e le securitate del rutas commercial. Le situation ha reinforce le attention al vulnerabilitate del infrastructura critic e al possibilitate que un conflicto local produce effectos plus vaste. Le participation de actores externe e de gruppos armate non statal rende le crise difficile a resolver per un sol accordo. Le differente frontes require negotiationes e mesuras de securitate que considera lor causas e actores specific. == Chronologia resumite == * 7 de octobre 2023: Hamas e altere gruppos armate palestinian attacca Israel; le guerra actual in Gaza comencia. * Octobre 2023: le confrontation inter Israel e Hezbollah se intensifica al frontiera israelo-libanese. * April 2024: Iran executa un attacco directe contra Israel. * 2024: le guerra in Gaza e le confrontationes in le Libano causa displacemento e destruction a grande scala. * Novembre 2024: un cessate le foco inter Israel e Hezbollah entra in vigor, ben que le situation remane fragile. * 2025: le hostilitate in Gaza resume in martio post un periodo de cessate le foco. * 28 de februario 2026: le Statos Unite e Israel lanceva attaccos contra Iran, initiante un nove fase del confrontation regional. * Septembre 2026: le combattimentos in Yemen provoca un nove unda de displacemento. * Octobre 2026: attaccos contra Riyadh e le continuation del confrontationes regional augmenta le preoccupation concernente le securitate del routes de navigation e del infrastructura civil. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/major-moments-israel-gaza-war-2025-01-15/ |titulo=Key events in the Israel-Gaza war |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=15 de januario 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/more-than-200000-people-displaced-since-fighting-yemen-began-says-un-agency-2026-10-07/ |titulo=More than 200,000 people displaced since fighting in Yemen began, says UN agency |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Situation actual == Al 9 de octobre 2026, le Medio Oriente resta affectate per plure conflictos interconnectite, includente le guerra in Gaza, le confrontationes in le Libano, le guerra que involve Iran e le escalation in Yemen. Le situation humanitari continua a esser grave in plure zonas, durante que le negotiationes diplomatic tenta limitar le hostilitate e evitar un extension plus large del conflicto. Le situation cambia rapidemente. Le actores implicate, le accordos e le conditiones militar pote evolver in breve tempore. Le description del crise debe dunque distinguer inter eventos confirmate, declarationes del partes implicate e interpretationes de observatores independente. == Vide etiam == * [[Guerra Israel–Hamas]] * [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] * [[Hezbollah]] * [[Iran]] * [[Huthi]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] * [[Organisation del Nationes Unite]] * [[Crise humanitari]] {{Ref}} {{Guerra de Iran de 2026}} [[Categoria:Conflicto arabo-israelita]] [[Categoria:Conflictos in Oriente Medie]] [[Categoria:Crise de Oriente Medie (2023–presente)| ]] kh988gme23pgfn5p2m11aifsrban5bs 704924 704923 2026-10-20T10:17:00Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Vide etiam */ 704924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''crise del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)''' es un periodo de conflictos armate, confrontationes regional e crises humanitari que se intensificava post le attacco del 7 de octobre 2023 contra Israel per Hamas e altere gruppos armate palestinian. Le guerra in le [[Banda de Gaza]] deveniva le foco initial principal, ma le hostilitate se extenderea etiam al [[Libano]], al [[Mar Rubie]], al [[Irak]], al [[Syria]] e a altere partes del region. In 2026, le confrontationes se ampliava con le guerra que involveva [[Iran]], Israel e le Statos Unite. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://unsco.unmissions.org/en |titulo=Office of the United Nations Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process |sitioweb=Organisation del Nationes Unite}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref> Le crise non constitue un sol guerra con un commandamento commun, ma un serie de conflictos interconnectite. Le actores, le causas immediate e le objectivos varia inter le frontes. Le situation ha includite operationes militar, attaccos contra infrastructura, displacemento de populationes, perturbationes del navigation commercial e effortios diplomatic pro obtener cessate le foco e accordos de securitate. == Antecedentes == Le conflictos contemporanee del Medio Oriente ha antecedentes historic differente. Inter le factores principal se trova le conflicto israelo-palestinian, le rivalitate inter Israel e Iran, le instabilitate politic in plure Statos e le activitate de gruppos armate non statal. Le conflicto israelo-palestinian ha essite marcate per decennios de confrontationes concernente le territorio, le securitate, le occupation, le statuto de Jerusalem, le refugatos palestinian e le creation de un Stato palestinian. Le situation in Gaza ha essite influentiate etiam per le governantia de Hamas, le restrictiones de movemento e le guerras anterior inter Hamas e Israel. Le rivalitate inter Iran e Israel ha includite operationes indirecte, attaccos contra infrastructura e confrontationes per actores armate associate a differente Statos. Post octobre 2023, iste rivalitate deveniva un factor plus directe del securitate regional. == Attacco del 7 de octobre 2023 == Le 7 de octobre 2023, Hamas e altere gruppos armate palestinian lanceva un attacco contra le sud de Israel. Le operation includeva tiros de projectiles, infiltrationes in communitates e installationes militar, e le captura de personas como hostages. Secundo cifras largemente citate in reportos international, circa 1 200 personas esseva occidite e circa 250 esseva prendite como hostages. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/major-moments-israel-gaza-war-2025-01-15/ |titulo=Key events in the Israel-Gaza war |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=15 de januario 2025}}</ref> Israel respondeva declarando un stato de guerra e initiava un campania de bombardamentos e operationes militar in Gaza. Le objectivos declarate del governamento israelian includeva dismantellar le capacitate militar e governative de Hamas e liberar le hostages. Le attacco e le responsa militar subsequent marcava le initio del actual fase del guerra in Gaza e provocava un crise humanitari de grande extension. == Guerra in Gaza == === Operationes militar === Israel initiava bombardamentos a grande scala in Gaza e postea lanceva operationes terrestre. Le operationes affectava zonas urban densemente populate, infrastructura civil, hospitales, scholas, systemas de aqua e altere servicios essential. Le guerra causava un numero elevate de mortes e blessatos palestinian, destruction de habitationes e displacemento a grande scala. Le Organisation del Nationes Unite e su agencias humanitari reportava difficultates in le distribution de alimento, aqua potable, combustibile e assistentia medical. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ochaopt.org/content/humanitarian-situation-report-2-october-2026 |titulo=Humanitarian Situation Report: 2 October 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |fecha=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Hamas e altere gruppos armate continuava a executar attaccos contra le forces israelian e a mantener hostages. Le operationes militar e le restrictiones super le movemento complicava le evacuation de civiles e le accesso al assistentia humanitari. === Situation humanitari === Le population de Gaza ha suffrite le destruction de habitationes, le interruption de servicios essential e le displacemento repetite. Numerose personas esseva obligate a abandonar lor casas e refugiar se in campamentos, edificios superpopulate o altere locos con protection limitate. In octobre 2026, le Office del Nationes Unite pro le Coordination de Affaires Humanitari (OCHA) reportava que le insufficentia de fundos obligava a reducer certe programas de distribution de alimento. Le organisation mentionava etiam personas displaciate que viveva in locos exposte a inundationes o in edificios considerate non secur. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ochaopt.org/content/humanitarian-situation-report-2-october-2026 |titulo=Humanitarian Situation Report: 2 October 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |fecha=5 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le situation sanitari esseva aggravate per le damnos al hospitales, le penuria de medicamentos, le difficultates de evacuation medical e le accesso limitate a aqua e sanitation. Le Organisation Mundial del Sanitate ha signalate effectos del escalada regional super le servicios de sanitate e le movemento de equipamento medical e assistentia humanitari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref> === Hostages e negotiationes === Le liberation del hostages deveniva un del questiones principal in le negotiationes inter Israel e Hamas. Le accordos discutite o implementate durante le guerra includeva liberationes de hostages e detenitos, suspensiones temporari del hostilitate e discussion de assistentia humanitari. Le implementation de iste accordos esseva complicate per disaccordos concernente le ordine del liberationes, le retiro del forces israelian, le governantia futur de Gaza e le conditiones pro un fin permanente del guerra. == Expansion del conflicto al Libano == Post le 7 de octobre 2023, [[Hezbollah]] initiava attaccos contra Israel desde le Libano. Israel respondeva con attaccos aeree e altere operationes contra objectivos associate al organisation. Le confrontation al frontiera deveniva progressivemente plus intense. Durante 2024, le hostilitate includeva attaccos a grande scala e operationes israelian contra Hezbollah. Le confrontation causava mortes, destruction e displacemento de populationes in le sud del Libano e in partes de Israel. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israels-war-lebanon-against-hezbollah-since-oct-7-2023-2024-11-26/ |titulo=Israel's war in Lebanon against Hezbollah since Oct. 7, 2023 |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=26 de novembre 2024}}</ref> Un cessate le foco mediate per le Statos Unite entrava in vigor in novembre 2024, ma le situation restava fragile. Le securitate al frontiera e le retorno del populationes displaciate continuava a depender del evolution del accordo e del nivello de hostilitate. Durante 2026, le confrontationes regional complicava ulteriormente le situation. Le securitate del frontiera libanese e le retiro de forces restava questiones importante in le effortios diplomatic. == Iran e le confrontation regional == === Escalada directe in 2024 === In april 2024, Iran executava un attacco directe contra Israel con drones e missiles, post un attacco contra un edificio diplomatic iranian in Damascus attribuite a Israel. Israel e su parceiros interceptava le major parte del projectiles. Le episodio marcava un expansion importante del confrontation directe inter le duo paises. Le attaccos e operationes militar subsequent augmentava le risco de un guerra regional plus large. Le rivalitate includeva etiam operationes contra commandantes militar, infrastructura e actores associate a Iran in differente partes del region. === Guerra de 2026 === Le confrontation escalava ulteriormente le 28 de februario 2026, quando le Statos Unite e Israel lanceva attaccos contra Iran. Le operationes initiava un nove fase del guerra regional e esseva sequite per responsas iranian e altere attaccos in le region. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/af2443646cf96ff01b8b1becff3f3e0e |titulo=Trump says latest Iran peace offer not enough, may resume bombing, and other Mideast developments |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=1 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le conflicto involveva operationes aeree, attaccos con missiles e drones e perturbationes del navigation e del transporto in partes del region. Le situation affectava le mercatos energetic e le routes maritime strategic, includente le [[Stricto de Hormuz]]. Le 9 de octobre 2026, le presidente statounitese Donald Trump declarava que le Statos Unite non intendeva reprender le attaccos militar contra Iran ante le electiones de medio termino del 3 de novembre. Il citava negotiationes indirecte e discussiones in curso, ma le situation remaneva instabile e le possibilitate de un nove escalada non esseva eliminate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/422b1799a1a06466279ac265f560e014 |titulo=Trump says US will not resume military strikes on Iran before the Nov. 3 midterm elections |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Yemen e le Mar Rubie == Le [[Houthi]]s de Yemen, que controla grande parte del nord del pais, initiava attaccos contra naves commercial e objectivos associate a Israel in le contexto del guerra in Gaza. Le operationes affectava le navigation in le [[Mar Rubie]] e circa le [[Bab el-Mandeb]], un passagio strategic pro le commercio international. Le attaccos e le responsas militar de altere paises provocava alterationes del itinerarios maritime, augmentos del custos de transporte e operationes de securitate naval. Le situation in Yemen esseva complicate per le conflicto interne de longe duration e per le rivalitate inter le Houthi e le governamento yemenita recognoscite internationalmente. Secundo le Organisation International pro le Migration, plus de 200 000 personas esseva displaciate in Yemen desde le initio de septembre 2026, in consequentia del combattimentos inter le Houthi e le forces supportate per Arabia Saudita. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/more-than-200000-people-displaced-since-fighting-yemen-began-says-un-agency-2026-10-07/ |titulo=More than 200,000 people displaced since fighting in Yemen began, says UN agency |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 8 de octobre 2026, attaccos contra le aeroporto international de Riyadh e un avion de Saudia occideva tres citatanos saudite, secundo autoritates del regno citate per Associated Press. Le Houthi revendicava attaccos contra le aeroporto; le incidentes provocava interruptiones del trafico aerie e aggravava le confrontation con Arabia Saudita. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/5226e214e7c50ceff68915379ec3a714 |titulo=Saudi authorities say 3 killed in Houthi-claimed attacks on Riyadh airport |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le escalation augmentava le riscos pro le navigation in le Mar Rubie e le securitate regional. Le situation continua a esser influentiate per le guerra civil yemenita e per le participation de actores regional. == Irak e Siria == Le instabilitate in Irak e Siria faceva parte del quadro regional del crise. In iste paises, gruppos armate, forces statal e actores externe participava in operationes e confrontationes que poteva esser influentiate per le guerra in Gaza e per le rivalitate inter Iran, Israel e le Statos Unite. Le situation varia inter le regiones. Le presentia de gruppos armate associate a Iran, le operationes contra gruppos jihadista e le attaccos contra installationes militar e diplomatic rende le securitate in certe zonas vulnerabile a escaladas regional. Le guerra de 2026 augmentava le preoccupation concernente le possibilitate que le confrontationes se extendeva a altere partes del region, specialmente in zonas ubi existe infrastructura militar o actores associate a paises directemente implicate. == Impacto humanitari e economic == Le crise ha causate mortes, blessatos, displacemento e destruction de infrastructura in plure paises. Le populationes civil es directemente affectate per bombardamentos, interruptiones de servicios essential, restrictiones de movemento e difficultates de accesso al assistentia humanitari. Le [[Alte Commissariato del Nationes Unite pro le Refugiatos]] (UNHCR) ha signalate que le escalada militar regional ha fortiate numerose personas a abandonar lor casas. Le displacemento in Libano, Iran e altere paises affectate ha create necessitates urgente de protection, allogiamento e assistentia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unhcr.org/emergencies/middle-east-emergency |titulo=Middle East Emergency |sitioweb=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees}}</ref> Le conflicto affecta etiam le economia regional e mundial. Le perturbationes del navigation maritime, le riscos circa le Stricto de Hormuz e le attaccos contra infrastructura energetic contribueva al volatilitate del mercatos de petroleum e al augmento del custos de transporte. Le perturbation del spatio aerie e del rutas maritime affecta le movemento de personas, medicamentos, alimento e altere provisiones humanitari. Le Organisation Mundial del Sanitate ha signalate effectos super le servicios medical e le distribution de equipamento sanitari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref> == Diplomatia e effortios de pace == Le diplomatia international ha tentate limitar le extension del conflicto e obtener cessate le foco in Gaza, le Libano e altere partes del region. Le Statos Unite, Egypto, Qatar e altere actores ha participate in differente processos de mediation. Le Organisation del Nationes Unite continua a promover negotiationes concernente le conflicto israelo-palestinian e le implementation de accordos humanitari e de securitate. In septembre 2026, le Officio del Coordinator Special del ONU pro le Processo de Pace in le Medio Oriente avertiva que le expansion de colonias israelian e le crescentia del violentia in le West Bank minava le possibilitate de un solution a duo Statos. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unmissions.org/en/dppa/news/this-week-in-dppa-26-september-2-october-2026 |titulo=This Week in DPPA: 26 September–2 October 2026 |sitioweb=United Nations Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le effortios diplomatic ha incontrate difficultates concernente le conditiones de cessate le foco, le liberation de hostages, le retiro de forces, le governantia futur de Gaza e le relationes de securitate inter le Statos del region. == Relationes international e implicantias strategic == Le crise ha affectate le relationes inter le Statos Unite, Israel, Iran, Arabia Saudita, Qatar, Egypto, Turquia e altere paises. Le actores regional e international non sempre ha le mesme objectivos; lor alliances e interesses varia secundo le conflicto e le periodo. Le confrontationes ha influentiate le cooperation militar, le sanctiones economic, le diplomatia energetic e le securitate del rutas commercial. Le situation ha reinforce le attention al vulnerabilitate del infrastructura critic e al possibilitate que un conflicto local produce effectos plus vaste. Le participation de actores externe e de gruppos armate non statal rende le crise difficile a resolver per un sol accordo. Le differente frontes require negotiationes e mesuras de securitate que considera lor causas e actores specific. == Chronologia resumite == * 7 de octobre 2023: Hamas e altere gruppos armate palestinian attacca Israel; le guerra actual in Gaza comencia. * Octobre 2023: le confrontation inter Israel e Hezbollah se intensifica al frontiera israelo-libanese. * April 2024: Iran executa un attacco directe contra Israel. * 2024: le guerra in Gaza e le confrontationes in le Libano causa displacemento e destruction a grande scala. * Novembre 2024: un cessate le foco inter Israel e Hezbollah entra in vigor, ben que le situation remane fragile. * 2025: le hostilitate in Gaza resume in martio post un periodo de cessate le foco. * 28 de februario 2026: le Statos Unite e Israel lanceva attaccos contra Iran, initiante un nove fase del confrontation regional. * Septembre 2026: le combattimentos in Yemen provoca un nove unda de displacemento. * Octobre 2026: attaccos contra Riyadh e le continuation del confrontationes regional augmenta le preoccupation concernente le securitate del routes de navigation e del infrastructura civil. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/major-moments-israel-gaza-war-2025-01-15/ |titulo=Key events in the Israel-Gaza war |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=15 de januario 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/more-than-200000-people-displaced-since-fighting-yemen-began-says-un-agency-2026-10-07/ |titulo=More than 200,000 people displaced since fighting in Yemen began, says UN agency |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=7 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Situation actual == Al 9 de octobre 2026, le Medio Oriente resta affectate per plure conflictos interconnectite, includente le guerra in Gaza, le confrontationes in le Libano, le guerra que involve Iran e le escalation in Yemen. Le situation humanitari continua a esser grave in plure zonas, durante que le negotiationes diplomatic tenta limitar le hostilitate e evitar un extension plus large del conflicto. Le situation cambia rapidemente. Le actores implicate, le accordos e le conditiones militar pote evolver in breve tempore. Le description del crise debe dunque distinguer inter eventos confirmate, declarationes del partes implicate e interpretationes de observatores independente. == Vide etiam == * [[Guerra Israel–Hamas]] * [[Conflicto israelita-palestinian]] * [[Hezbollah]] * [[Iran]] * [[Huthi]] * [[Guerra civil yemenita]] * [[Organisation del Nationes Unite]] {{Ref}} {{Guerra de Iran de 2026}} [[Categoria:Conflicto arabo-israelita]] [[Categoria:Conflictos in Oriente Medie]] [[Categoria:Crise de Oriente Medie (2023–presente)| ]] r2w2l7ats8jfnxjg3cuh9ue9ngc7qsf 0 62036 704925 703760 2026-10-20T10:17:40Z Interlingvisto 60932 704925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Guerra de Gaza''' es un conflicto armate que comenciava le 7 de octobre 2023, quando Hamas e altere gruppos armate palestin initiava un attacco contra Israel. Israel respondeva con un campania militar de grande extension in le [[Banda de Gaza]]. Le governamento israelian declarava como objectivos le destruction del capacitate militar e governamental de Hamas e le retorno del ostages prendite durante le attacco. Le guerra deveniva un del conflictos plus destructiv del historia recente del Medio Oriente. Illo causava un numero elevate de mortes e ferimentos, displacementos massive, destruction de habitationes e infrastructuras e un grave crise humanitari. Su effectos se extendeva etiam al Cisjordania, al frontiera inter Israel e Libano e a altere partes del region. Le 10 de octobre 2025 entrava in vigor un cessate le foco associate a un plano de pace promovite per le Statos Unite. Le prime phase del accordo conduceva al liberation del ostages israelian ancora vivente e al liberation de detenitos palestin. Tamen, le implementation del phases ulterior remaneva incomplete. In octobre 2026, le combattimentos a grande scala habeva diminuite in comparation con le periodos precedente, ma le attaccos e le mortes continuava. Le accesso al adjuta humanitari remaneva limitate e le reconstruction de Gaza habeva progressate lentemente.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/one-year-trumps-gaza-plan-has-not-stopped-israeli-fire-or-disarmed-hamas-2026-10-06/ |titulo=One year on, Trump's Gaza plan has not stopped Israeli fire or disarmed Hamas |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=6 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Antecedentes == === Gaza ante 2023 === Le Banda de Gaza es un territorio costal del [[Mar Mediterranee|Mediterraneo]], situate inter Israel, Egypto e le mar. Illo es un del territorios plus densemente populate del mundo e, ante le guerra, habeva circa duo milliones de habitantes. Post le guerra de 1948, un grande numero de palestinos refugiava se in Gaza. Le territorio remaneva sub administration egyptian usque al guerra de 1967, quando Israel lo occupava insimul con le Cisjordania e Jerusalem Est. In 2005, Israel retirava su colonos e su fortias permanentemente stationate intra Gaza. Hamas vinceva le electiones legislative palestin de 2006 e, post confrontos armate con Fatah, assumeva le controlo de facto del Banda in 2007. Israel e Egypto imponeva restrictiones al movimento de personas e benes, con differentes modalidades de controlo del accesso al territorio. Durante le annos sequente, Gaza experimentava plure periodos de violentia inter Israel e Hamas, includente le guerras de 2008–2009, 2012, 2014 e 2021. Le restrictiones al movimento, le destructiones recurrente e le difficultates economic contribuiva a un situation humanitari fragile ante octobre 2023.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.un.org/unispal/history/ |titulo=History of the Question of Palestine |sitioweb=Organisation del Nationes Unite |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Hamas e le situation securitari === Hamas es un movimento islamista palestin fundate in 1987, que combina activitate politic, administration territorial e un bracio armate. Le organisation es designate como terrorista per plure jurisdictiones, includente le Statos Unite e le Union Europee. Ante octobre 2023, Hamas e altere gruppos armate in Gaza habeva executate attaccos contra Israel, includente le lancio de rockets. Israel habeva realisate operationes militar in Gaza e justificava multe del restrictiones al accesso del territorio per rationes de securitate. Le confrontationes recurrente non habeva conducite a un accordo politic durabile. Le questiones concernente le securitate de Israel, le restrictiones al accesso de Gaza, le governamento del Banda e le futuro politic palestin remaneva sin solution. == Le attacco del 7 de octobre 2023 == Le 7 de octobre 2023, Hamas e altere gruppos armate palestin initiava un attacco coordinate contra le sud de Israel. Le attaccantes transpassava le barriera circum le Banda de Gaza, attaccava communitates, bases militar e un festival de musica, e prendeva personas como ostages. Circa 1 200 personas esseva occidite e 251 esseva prendite como ostages, secundo le cifras largemente citate per le autoritates israelian e fontes international. Le victimas includeva civiles e membros del fortias de securitate. Le attacco provocava un shock profunde in Israel e deveniva le causa immediate del guerra a grande scala. Hamas presentava le operation como parte de su lutte contra Israel e contra le occupation. Le occision de civiles e le presa de ostages esseva condemnate internationalmente. Le Secretario general del Nationes Unite declarava que nulle justification pote excusar le atrocitates committite durante le attacco.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://palestine.un.org/en |titulo=United Nations in Palestine: declarationes concernente le attaccos del 7 de octobre |sitioweb=Nationes Unite |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Le offensive israelian == Post le attacco, le governamento israelian declarava un stato de guerra e initiava un offensive militar contra Gaza. Le operationes includeva bombardamentos aeree, attaccos de artilleria, incursiones terrestre e operationes contra membros e infrastructuras de Hamas. Israel declarava como objectivos le destruction del capacitate militar e governamental de Hamas, le liberation del ostages e le prevention de nove attaccos. Le campania militar esseva accompaniate per ordines de evacuation e restrictiones al entrata de combustibile, alimento, aqua, medicinas e altere productos essential. Le conditiones de accesso e le quantitate de adjuta entrante variava durante le guerra. Le operationes affectava areas urban densemente populate. Le destruction de edificios, hospitales, scholas, vias, systemas de aqua e altere infrastructuras rendeva difficile le provision de servicios essential e le movemento del population. Le autoritates israelian affirmava que Hamas operava inter o proxime a areas civil. Hamas e altere actores palestin contestava plure justificationes israelian. Le effectos del operationes super le population civil e le obligationes de tote le partes sub le derecto international humanitari deveniva subjectos de investigationes, condemnationes e proceduras juridic international. == Le situation humanitari == === Mortes e ferimentos === Le guerra causava un numero multo elevate de mortes e ferimentos inter le palestinos. Le Ministerio de Sanitate de Gaza publicava cifras del victimas que esseva usate per organisationes international e medios de communication. Le verification individual de tote le casos esseva complicate per le conditiones del conflicto. Israel affirmava que su operationes mirava principalmente a Hamas e altere gruppos armate. Le autoritates palestin e organisationes humanitari sublineava le numero de civiles occidite e le extension del damnos a habitationes e infrastructuras. Le cifras de victimas e le classification inter civiles e combatentes esseva subjectos a disputas. Le evaluation del damnos esseva complicate per le destruction de registratos, le difficultate de accesso al areas affectate e le continuation del violentia. Le Organisation Mundial del Sanitate continuava a documentar le consequentias del conflicto super le systema sanitari.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East Conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Displacementos === Le population de Gaza esseva displaciate repetitemente durante le guerra. Ordines de evacuation, operationes militar e destruction de habitationes obligava familias a abandonar lor domos e a cercar refugio in altere partes del territorio. Un parte multo grande del population perdeva su habitation o esseva obligate a viver in refugios temporari, tendas e edificios danificate. Le concentration de personas in areas limitate augmentava le riscos sanitari e complicava le accesso al aqua potable, al latrinas, al assistentia medical e al alimento. In octobre 2026, le Organisation International pro le Migration indicava que circa 1,8 million de personas viveva in sitos de displacement. Quasi duo milliones necessitava adjuta relative al refugio ante le inverno. Multe sitos esseva situate in areas exposte a inundation, e plure milles de structuras habeva essite identificate como structuralmente periculose. Le agencia indicava etiam que solmente un fraction del necessitates de refugio habeva essite satisfacite.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/almost-all-gaza-residents-need-shelter-el-nio-threatens-flooding-un-agency-says-2026-10-09/ |titulo=Almost all Gaza residents need shelter as El Niño threatens flooding, UN agency says |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=9 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Alimento, aqua e sanitate === Le guerra perturbava gravemente le production, le distribution e le accesso al alimento. Le restrictiones al entrata de benes, le destruction de infrastructuras e le difficultates logistic reduceva le disponibilitate de productos essential e augmentava le dependentia del population de adjuta humanitari. Le systemas de sanitate esseva gravemente affectate per le destruction o danneggiamento de hospitales, le manco de electricitate, combustibile, medicinas e equipamento, e le impossibilitate de transportar pacientes in certe areas. Le Organisation Mundial del Sanitate e altere institutiones del Nationes Unite appellava repetitemente a un augmento del accesso humanitari, al protection del hospitales e del personal medical e al entrata de medicinas e equipamento essential. In octobre 2026, le OMS appellava a un augmento urgente del adjuta ante le approximation del inverno. Le organisation advertiva que le retardos e le restrictiones concernente le entrata de medicinas, prostheses e altere equipamientos poteva haber consequentias grave pro le pacientes. Le accesso al Banda continuava a depender de un numero limitate de punctos de transito, e plure accessos major remaneva claudite.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://palestine.un.org/en/323808-gaza-who-appeals-massive-aid-influx-ahead-winter |titulo=Gaza: WHO appeals for massive aid influx ahead of winter |sitioweb=Nationes Unite in Palestina |fecha=5 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Le situation del ostages e del detenitos palestin == Le liberation del ostages prendite le 7 de octobre 2023 deveniva un del objectivos central del governamento israelian e un del questiones principal del negotiationes de cessate le foco. Durante le guerra, plure accordos e arrangiamentos permitteva le liberation de ostages e de detenitos palestin. Le familias del ostages organisava manifestationes e appellava al governamento israelian a attinger un accordo que garantiva lor retorno. Le 10 de octobre 2025, le prime phase del plano de pace conduceva al liberation del ostages israelian ancora vivente e al liberation de centos de prisioneros e detenitos palestin. Le implementation del accordo includeva etiam discussiones concernente le restos human, le detenitos e le sequente phases del cessate le foco.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/one-year-trumps-gaza-plan-has-not-stopped-israeli-fire-or-disarmed-hamas-2026-10-06/ |titulo=One year on, Trump's Gaza plan has not stopped Israeli fire or disarmed Hamas |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=6 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Le cessate le foco de octobre 2025 == Le 10 de octobre 2025 entrava in vigor un cessate le foco associate a un plano de pace promovite per le Statos Unite. Le prime phase includeva un suspension del major parte del operationes militar, un retirada israelian partial, le liberation de ostages e detenitos e un augmento del adjuta humanitari. Le phases ulterior del plano prevedeva le disarmamento de Hamas, le establimento de un administration palestin technic pro Gaza, le retirada progressiva de Israel e le disveloppamento de arrangiamentos international de securitate. Le prime phase produceva resultatos in le liberation del ostages e del detenitos e in un augmento del adjuta. Tamen, le phases ulterior non esseva implementate completemente. Israel continuava a mantener controlo militar super grande partes del territorio, e le disaccordos concernente le disarmamento de Hamas, le retirada israelian e le governamento futur impediva progressos plus ample. Le cessate le foco reduceva le intensitate del guerra a grande scala, ma non terminava le violentia. Secundo Reuters, le autoritates sanitari palestin reportava plus de 1 400 palestinos occidite desde le entrata in vigor del accordo usque al initio de octobre 2026. Israel affirmava que su attaccos mirava a menacias e activitates de Hamas; le responsabilitate e le circumstantias de incidentes particular esseva disputate.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/one-year-trumps-gaza-plan-has-not-stopped-israeli-fire-or-disarmed-hamas-2026-10-06/ |titulo=One year on, Trump's Gaza plan has not stopped Israeli fire or disarmed Hamas |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=6 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Governamento e futuro politic de Gaza == Le futuro del governamento de Gaza es un del questiones principal del plano de pace. Ante le guerra, Hamas habeva exercite le controlo de facto del territorio desde 2007, durante que le Autoritate Palestin administrava partes del Cisjordania. Le plano de pace de 2025 prevedeva le establimento de un administration palestin technic, con supporto international, e le creation de arrangiamentos de securitate destinate a substituir le controlo armate de Hamas. Tamen, in octobre 2026, le nove arrangiamentos non habeva ancora establite un governamento effectiv e stabile super le integre Stripa. Le disarmamento de Hamas remaneva un obstaculo major. Le partes habeva positiones divergente concernente le conditiones del disarmamento, le retiro del fortias israelian e le rolo futur del Autoritate Palestin. Israel declarava que su retirada dependerea de garanties de securitate, durante que le futuro politic e institutional del territorio remaneva subjecto a negotiation. Le reconstruction e le restablimento del servicios public requireva financiation, securitate e accesso al materiales de construction. Le destruction extendite, le restrictiones al importation de materiales e le difficultates logistic impediva le initio de un reconstruction a grande scala.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/one-year-trumps-gaza-plan-has-not-stopped-israeli-fire-or-disarmed-hamas-2026-10-06/ |titulo=One year on, Trump's Gaza plan has not stopped Israeli fire or disarmed Hamas |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=6 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Consequentias regional == Le guerra de Gaza habeva effectos ultra le territorio. Le confrontationes inter Israel e Hezbollah al frontiera con Libano provocava displacementos e destructiones in ambe paises. Attaccos in le Mar Rubie e le interruption de rotas commercial affectava le navigation international e le transporte maritime. Le conflicto contribuiva etiam al tensiones inter Israel e Iran e inter le Statos Unite e actores regional associate con Iran. Le relationes inter le differente actores variava durante le guerra e includeva attaccos direct e indirect, operationes militar e effortios diplomatic pro evitar un conflicto regional plus large. Le extension regional del guerra monstra que le situation in Gaza es ligate a un quadro plus ample de securitate e relationes international in le Medio Oriente. == Aspectos juridic e controversias international == Le guerra provocava un debatte international super le application del derecto international humanitari, le protection del civiles, le proportionalitate del uso del fortias, le accesso al adjuta e le obligationes del partes belligerante. Le derecto international humanitari require que le partes distingue inter civiles e combatentes, evita attaccos indiscriminate e prende precau­tiones pro reducer le damno al population civil. Illo prohibi le presa de ostages e le attaccos intentional contra civiles. Le actiones de Hamas, includente le occision de civiles e le presa de ostages durante le attacco del 7 de octobre 2023, esseva condemnate per institutiones international. Le operationes israelian e le restrictiones al adjuta esseva etiam subjectos a scrutinio juridic e a criticas per organisationes e autoritates international. Le allegationes concernente violationes del derecto international e le responsabilitate individual debe esser examinate in le quadro del proceduras juridic competente. Le accusationes, le positiones del partes e le decisiones juridic definitive debe esser distinguite le unes del alteres. == Impacto economic e reconstruction == Le guerra causava destruction de habitationes, hospitales, scholas, vias, systemas de aqua e infrastructuras de energia. Le interruption del activitate economic affectava le commercio, le agricultura, le construction e le possibilitate del familias de obtener un reddito. Le reconstruction require non solmente material e financiation, ma etiam accesso secur al territorio, importation de equipamento, removal de residuos e munitiones non explodite, reparation de infrastructuras e restauration del servicios public. Le restrictiones al entrata de certe materiales, que Israel justifica in parte per considerationes de securitate e le possibilitate de uso dual, complicava le labores de reconstruction. Organisationes humanitari argumentava que le accesso insufficiente a materiales essential prolongava le displacement e le dependentia del adjuta. == Situation in octobre 2026 == In octobre 2026, le guerra a grande scala habeva diminuite in comparation con le phases precedente, ma le cessate le foco non habeva conducite a un resolution definitive del conflicto. Le situation esseva characterisate per: * un cessate le foco fragile, con incidentes e attaccos continuante; * le controlo israelian de grande partes del Banda de Gaza; * le necessitate de adjuta humanitari e de refugio pro un parte multo grande del population; * le implementation incomplete del disarmamento de Hamas e del retirada israelian; * le absentia de un administration palestin plenemente operative in tote Gaza; * le reconstruction limitate e le persistentia de graves damnos a infrastructuras; * le disaccordos super le futuro politic del Banda e le relation inter Gaza e le Cisjordania. Le OMS e altere organisationes humanitari continuava a demandar un augmento del adjuta, le entrata de medicinas e equipamento essential e le protection del civiles ante le inverno. Le Organisation International pro le Migration advertiva que le population displaciate remaneva exposte al inundationes, al deterioramento del refugios e al manco de materiales de protection. Le futuro del cessate le foco dependeva del capacitate del partes e del mediatores international de resolver le disaccordos concernente le securitate, le disarmamento, le retirada e le governamento de Gaza.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://palestine.un.org/en/323808-gaza-who-appeals-massive-aid-influx-ahead-winter |titulo=Gaza: WHO appeals for massive aid influx ahead of winter |sitioweb=Nationes Unite in Palestina |fecha=5 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/almost-all-gaza-residents-need-shelter-el-nio-threatens-flooding-un-agency-says-2026-10-09/ |titulo=Almost all Gaza residents need shelter as El Niño threatens flooding, UN agency says |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=9 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> {{Ref}} {{Guerra de Iran de 2026}} [[Categoria:Guerras]] [[Categoria:Conflicto israelita-palestin]] [[Categoria:Historia de Palestina]] [[Categoria:Historia de Israel]] [[Categoria:Banda de Gaza]] [[Categoria:Medio Oriente]] [[Categoria:Guerra de Gaza| ]] [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:Benjamin Netanyahu]] [[Categoria:Conflicto Gaza-Israel]] [[Categoria:Historia de Hamas]] [[Categoria:Historia del houthistas]] [[Categoria:Invasiones de Israel]] [[Categoria:Crise del Oriente Medie (2023–presente)]] [[Categoria:Violentia in Palestina]] [[Categoria:Guerras implicante Iran]] [[Categoria:Guerras implicante Israel]] [[Categoria:Guerras implicante palestinos]] bghe3du3org19xrki8xua9tgi48820u 0 62053 704920 703850 2026-10-20T10:15:49Z Interlingvisto 60932 704920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Guerra de Iran de 2026''' es un conflicto armate initiate le 28 de februario 2026, quando le [[Statos Unite]] e [[Israel]] lanceava un serie de attaccos contra [[Iran]]. Le operationes initial attingeva infrastructuras militar, installationes associate al programma nuclear e balistic iranian, e figuras de alte rango del direction politic e militar del pais. Le Guia Supreme iranian [[Ali Khamenei]] esseva occidite durante le attaccos. Iran respondeva con missiles e dronos contra Israel, bases statounitese e objectivos in altere paises del region. Le conflicto se extendeva al [[Golfo Persic]], al [[Stricto de Hormuz]] e a altere partes de [[Oriente Medie]].<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/c2f11247d8a66e36929266f2c557a54c |titulo=Iran's supreme leader killed in major attack by US and Israel |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=28 de februario 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-11075/ |titulo=Iran in 2026: Six months after the US/Israeli strikes |sitioweb=House of Commons Library |fecha=27 de augusto 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le guerra ha causate mortes e ferimentos, destruction de infrastructuras e displaciamento de population. Illa ha etiam perturbate le navigation commercial e le mercatos international de energia, specialmente per le restrictiones del traffico in le Stricto de Hormuz. In 2026 esseva annunciate cessamentos del foco e accordos interim pro relancear le negotiationes, ma le hostilitates recommenciava e le partes continuava a accusar le altere de violar le accordos. Al 9 de octobre 2026, le conflicto non habeva attingite un solution definitive.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and---iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/trump-us-having-productive-talks-with-iran-will-not-attack-before-us-elections-2026-10-08/ |titulo=Trump says US will not attack Iran before midterm elections in November |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=8 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Contexto e causas == Le guerra se inscribe in le longe confrontation inter Iran, Israel e le Statos Unite concernente le programma nuclear iranian, le securitate regional e le influentia politic e militar de Iran in Oriente Medie. Le relationes inter Washington e Tehran habeva essite marcate per sanctiones economic, negotiationes nuclear, attaccos indirecte e confrontationes militar durante plure decennios. Israel considerava le capacitate nuclear e balistic de Iran un menacia major a su securitate. Le governamento statounitese declarava que le operationes militar esseva destinate a debilitar le capacitate militar iranian e impedir le developpamento de armas nuclear. Le autoritates iranian, per lor parte, denunciava le attaccos como un aggression contra le suverenitate del pais e affirmava que su programma nuclear habeva un character pacific. Le escalation occurreva post un periodo de tensiones e negotiationes concernente le programma nuclear. Le attaccos del 28 de februario transformava le confrontation in un guerra aperte e provocava un crise regional, con repercussiones super le securitate de numerose Statos e le navigation maritime. Le legalitate del intervention militar e le justificationes del partes deveniva objecto de debatte international.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4103823 |titulo=Following Iran strikes, Secretary-General warns Security Council of wider conflict in Middle East, calls for de-escalation, immediate ceasefire |sitioweb=Nationes Unite |fecha=28 de februario 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Initio del guerra: 28 de februario 2026 == Le 28 de februario 2026, le Statos Unite e Israel initiava un campania de attaccos contra Iran. Le operationes attingeva [[Tehran]] e altere localitates, includente installationes militar, systemas de missiles e infrastructuras associate al programma nuclear. Un del effectos immediate del prime attaccos esseva le morte del Guia Supreme [[Ali Khamenei]], insimul con altere figuras de alte rango del structuras politic e securitari iranian. Le morte de Khamenei provocava un cambiamento major in le direction del Republica Islamic e un periodo de incertitude concernente le succession al plus alte cargo del Stato.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/c2f11247d8a66e36929266f2c557a54c |titulo=Iran's supreme leader killed in major attack by US and Israel |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=28 de februario 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le governamento iranian annunciava un periodo de lucto e respondeva al attaccos con operationes de missiles e dronos. Le confrontation se extendeva rapidemente al territorio israelian e a installationes militar statounitese in le region. Le prime dies del guerra esseva marcate per attaccos aeree, lanceamentos de missiles, interruptiones del traffico aerie e maritime e evacuationes in zonas affectate. Le Secretario General del [[Nationes Unite]], [[António Guterres]], appellava al desescalation e a un cessation immediate del foco, avertente del risco de un conflicto plus large in Oriente Medie.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4103823 |titulo=Following Iran strikes, Secretary-General warns Security Council of wider conflict in Middle East, calls for de-escalation, immediate ceasefire |sitioweb=Nationes Unite |fecha=28 de februario 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Operationes militar e expansion regional == Durante le prime menses, le Statos Unite e Israel continuava le attaccos contra objectivos in Iran. Le campania affectava installationes militar, infrastructuras energetic, systemas de defensa e altere objectivos que le partes associava al capacitate militar iranian. Iran respondeva con missiles balistic e dronos contra Israel e contra bases statounitese e altere objectivos in paises del region. Le confrontation affectava le securitate de paises del Golfo e provocava interruptiones del traffico aerie e de activitates commercial. Le attaccos e contra-attaccos esseva sequite per accusationes mutual concernente le violation del derecto international e le selection de objectivos civil. Le conflicto se intersecava etiam con altere confrontationes regional. [[Hezbollah]], un gruppo armate libanese sustenite per Iran, participava in le escalation contra Israel. Israel respondeva con operationes in [[Libano]], includente attaccos e incursiones in le sud del pais. Iste developpamentos extendava le effectos del guerra ultra le territorio iranian e israelian.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/04da58cbae991183f8b52ef5bf615963 |titulo=A timeline of the Iran conflict and talks aimed at ending it |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Le Stricto de Hormuz e le navigation maritime == Le [[Stricto de Hormuz]] deveniva un del principales focos del conflicto. Le stricto connecte le Golfo Persic al Golfo de Oman e al Mar Arabic e constitue un passagio essential pro le exportation de petroleum e gas natural del region. Iran annunciava restrictiones e actiones contra le navigation in le stricto. Le Statos Unite respondeva con mesuras contra le portos iranian e operationes naval destinate a pressionar Iran e a proteger le navigation commercial. Le interruptiones e le riscos de attaccos reduceva le circulation de naves e contribuiva al fluctuation del precios de energia. Naves commercial esseva affectate per projectiles e altere incidentes maritime. Le responsabilitate pro certe attaccos esseva contestate o remaneva non determinate publicamente. Le incidentes in le region del Stricto de Hormuz suscitava preoccupationes concernente le securitate del marineros e del commercio international. Le restrictiones maritime habeva consequentias economic global. Le interruption del transporto de petroleum e productos raffinate affectava le approvisionamento energetic e le precios del petroleum. Le guerra provocava etiam difficultates pro le transporto commercial, le seguros maritime e le planification del rutas de navigation. Al initio de octobre, Iran declarava que le stricto non esserea reaperite sin que certe conditiones associate al accordo interim de junio esseva satisfacte.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/iran-says-strait-of-hormuz-will-not-reopen-until-conditions-are-met-2026-10-04/ |titulo=Iran says Strait of Hormuz will not reopen until conditions are met |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=4 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Cessamentos del foco e negotiationes == === Cessamento de april 2026 === Post plure septimanas de hostilitates, le partes acceptava un cessation del foco in april 2026. Le accordo reduceva temporarimente le confrontation directe, ma non resolveva le questiones central del conflicto. Le situation remaneva fragile e le negotiationes non conduceva a un accordo definitive super le programma nuclear, le sanctiones o le securitate del Stricto de Hormuz. Le cessation del foco non impediva le continuation de tensiones e de incidentes regional. Le partes continuava a mantener divergentias fundamental concernente le conditiones de un accordo politic e le futuro del programma nuclear iranian.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/iran-in-2026/ |titulo=Iran in 2026 |sitioweb=House of Commons Library |fecha=2 de martio 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Accordo interim de junio === In junio 2026, mediatores international contribuiva a un nove accordo interim inter Washington e Tehran. Le 14 de junio, le Secretario General del Nationes Unite salutava un accordo que prevedeva un cessation del foco e un quadro pro ulteriores negotiationes. Le accordo esseva formalizate in un memorando de comprension de 17 de junio, que establiva un periodo de discussiones super su implementation e le questiones plus longe del conflicto.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statements/2026-06-14/statement-attributable-the-spokesperson-for-the-secretary-general-the-conflict-the-middle-east |titulo=Statement attributable to the Spokesperson for the Secretary-General — on the conflict in the Middle East |sitioweb=Nationes Unite |fecha=14 de junio 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://dppa.un.org/en/speeches-and-statements/un-calls-for-maximum-restraint-to-preserve-ceasefire-between-the |titulo=UN calls for maximum restraint to preserve ceasefire between the United States and Iran |sitioweb=Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, Nationes Unite |fecha=2 de julio 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le implementation del memorando esseva difficultose. Le partes accusava le altere de violation del cessamento del foco, specialmente post incidentes concernente naves commercial e attaccos contra infrastructuras militar. Le hostilitates recommenciava, e le accordo non conduceva a un cessation durabile del guerra. === Situation in septembre e octobre 2026 === Durante septembre, mediatores tentava relancear le negotiationes pro poner fin al guerra e restabilir le navigation regular in le Stricto de Hormuz. Le 28 de septembre, representantes statounitese e iranian participava separatemente in discussiones con mediatores in un nove effortio diplomatic. Le tractativas concerniva un proposition revisate pro cessar le hostilitates e restaurar le passage maritime.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.marketscreener.com/news/us-iran-separately-talk-with-mediators-in-latest-bid-to-end-war-ce785addd98bff25 |titulo=US, Iran separately talk with mediators in latest bid to end war |sitioweb=Reuters, via MarketScreener |fecha=28 de septembre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 8 de octobre, le presidente statounitese Donald Trump declarava que le Statos Unite non relancearea attaccos contra Iran ante le electiones legislative statounitese de novembre, citante discussiones que ille describiva como productive. Nonobstante, le guerra non habeva finite, le negotiationes non habeva producite un accordo definitive e le situation del Stricto de Hormuz remaneva un puncto major de contention.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/trump-us-having-productive-talks-with-iran-will-not-attack-before-us-elections-2026-10-08/ |titulo=Trump says US will not attack Iran before midterm elections in November |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=8 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/iran-says-strait-of-hormuz-will-not-reopen-until-conditions-are-met-2026-10-04/ |titulo=Iran says Strait of Hormuz will not reopen until conditions are met |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=4 de octobre 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Consequentias humanitari == Le guerra causava mortes, ferimentos, displaciamento e damnos a habitationes e infrastructuras civil. Le attaccos affectava etiam servicios public, installationes de aquas e electricitate, depositos de combustibile e altere infrastructuras essential. Secundo un evaluation del [[Officio del Nationes Unite pro le Coordination de Affaires Humanitari]] (OCHA), al 17 de martio 2026, plus de 1 200 personas habeva essite occidite e plus de 17 000 ferite in Iran. Le organisation estimava etiam que circa 2,5 milliones de personas viveva in zonas situate in le proximitate de impactos reportate.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://iran.un.org/en/313396-islamic-republic-iran-humanitarian-update-no-01-17-march-2026 |titulo=Islamic Republic of Iran: Humanitarian Update No. 01 |sitioweb=Nationes Unite, OCHA |fecha=18 de martio 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Un evaluation ulterior, que copriva le periodo usque al 3 de april, citava datos del Ministerio de Sanitate iranian que indicava plus de 2 100 civiles occidite e circa 27 900 ferite al 30 de martio. Le mesme evaluation registrava plus de 115 000 unitates civil danate al 1 de april. Iste cifras se refere al situation in Iran e al datas specific del evaluation; illos non constitue un bilancio total del victimas in tote le paises implicate in le guerra.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://iran.un.org/sites/default/files/2026-04/20260403_Iran%20Humanitarian%20Update_2.pdf |titulo=Islamic Republic of Iran: Humanitarian Update No. 02 |sitioweb=Nationes Unite, OCHA |fecha=3 de april 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le [[Organisation Mundial del Sanitate]] reportava que le conflicto affectava le servicios de sanitate, le personal medical e le accesso a medicamentos e equipamiento. Le disorganisation del traffico aerie e maritime complicava etiam le transporto de assistentia humanitari e de material medical.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/middle-east-conflict |titulo=Middle East conflict |sitioweb=Organisation Mundial del Sanitate |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le cifras de victimas variava secundo le fonte, le periodo considerate e le methodos de compilation. Le bilancos deberea dunque esser citate con lor fonte e data, distinguente le mortes civil del mortes inter le fortias armate quando le datos disponibile permitteva iste distinction. == Consequentias economic == Le guerra affectava le mercatos energetic e le transporto international, specialmente per le interruptiones del navigation in le Stricto de Hormuz. Le reduction del passage de naves e le augmento del riscos de attaccos provocava fluctuationes del precios del petroleum e difficultates pro le approvisionamento de combustibile. Le effectos non se limitava al energia. Le costos de transporte e de seguros maritime cresceva, e le perturbationes del rutas commercial affectava le operationes portuari e le commercio regional. Le incertitude concernente le continuation del hostilitates complicava le investitiones e le planification economic. Le economia iranian habeva jam affrontate difficultates structural e sanctiones international ante le guerra. Le conflicto aggravava le problemas de approvisionamento, le pression super le moneta e le interruptiones del activitates commercial. Le restrictiones del navigation e le mesuras contra le portos iranian limitava etiam le capacitate del pais de exportar petroleum. Le Statos Unite intensificava le pression economic super Iran durante le conflicto, includente sanctiones contra sectores como le petroleum, le navigation e le systema financiari. Washington declarava que iste mesuras deberea limitar le ressources disponibile al governamento iranian e al Corpo de Guardianos del Revolution Islamic. Iran denunciava le sanctiones e le restrictiones como mesuras coercitive e declarava que illos aggravava le effectos economic del guerra.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-11075/ |titulo=Iran in 2026: Six months after the US/Israeli strikes |sitioweb=House of Commons Library |fecha=27 de augusto 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Consequentias politic e strategic == Le guerra provocava un cambiamento major in le direction politic de Iran post le morte de Ali Khamenei. In martio 2026, [[Mojtaba Khamenei]], filio del anterior Guia Supreme, esseva seligite como su successor. Su absentia de apparer public frequente alimentava questiones super su stato e super le distribution del poter in le direction iranian. Le [[Corpo de Guardianos del Revolution Islamic]] conservava un rol central in le structura de securitate e in le responsa militar del pais.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-11075/ |titulo=Iran in 2026: Six months after the US/Israeli strikes |sitioweb=House of Commons Library |fecha=27 de augusto 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Pro le Statos Unite e Israel, le guerra esseva presentate como un effortio pro reducir le capacitate militar e nuclear iranian. Nonobstante, le resultatos a longe termino remaneva incerte, specialmente concernente le continuation del programma nuclear, le stabilitate regional e le capacitate de Iran de reconstruer su infrastructuras militar. Le conflicto augmentava etiam le tensiones inter Iran e plure paises del Golfo, affectate per attaccos, menacias o perturbationes del navigation. Le mediation de Pakistan e de altere Statos regional deveniva un elemento importante del effortios pro limitar le extension del guerra e relancear le negotiationes. == Derecto international e controversias == Le operationes militar e lor effectos super le population civil provocava debattes concernente le application del [[Carta del Nationes Unite]], le derecto de defensa individual e collective, le protection del civiles e le obligationes del partes sub le derecto international humanitari. Le Statos Unite e Israel justificava lor operationes per motivos de securitate e per le objectivo de impedir que Iran developpava armas nuclear. Iran qualificava le attaccos como un violation de su suverenitate e invocava le derecto de defensa. Le evaluation juridic del operationes, del objectivos attaccate e del effectos super le population civil depende del circumstantias specific de cata attacco e del normas international applicabile. Le [[Nationes Unite]] appellava al cessation del hostilitates, al protection del population civil e del infrastructuras essential, e al continuation del diplomatia pro tractar le questiones nuclear e securitari.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4103823 |titulo=Following Iran strikes, Secretary-General warns Security Council of wider conflict in Middle East, calls for de-escalation, immediate ceasefire |sitioweb=Nationes Unite |fecha=28 de februario 2026 |accesso=9 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Signification historic == Le Guerra de Iran de 2026 deveniva un episodio major del confrontation inter Iran, Israel e le Statos Unite. Illa includeva un campania de attaccos directe contra infrastructuras iranian, le morte del Guia Supreme Ali Khamenei, responsas militar iranian in plure paises del region e un crise importante concernente le navigation in le Stricto de Hormuz. Le cessamentos del foco e le negotiationes interim non resolveva le questiones central del conflicto. Le futuro del programma nuclear iranian, le regime de sanctiones, le securitate regional e le libertate de navigation remaneva punctos de contention. Al 9 de octobre 2026, le guerra continuava a haber consequentias humanitari, economic e strategic, e un accordo de pace durabile non habeva essite attingite. {{Ref}} {{Guerra de Iran de 2026}} [[Categoria:Guerra de Iran de 2026| ]] [[Categoria:Conflicto Iran-Israel]] [[Categoria:Conflictos in Oriente Medie]] [[Categoria:Historia de Iran]] [[Categoria:Historia de Israel]] [[Categoria:Relationes inter Iran e le Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Crise de Oriente Medie (2023–presente)]] a8zexv4nb33mctrchhmh65clghtmbrq 0 62056 704927 703851 2026-10-20T10:18:37Z Interlingvisto 60932 704927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel''' es un confrontation geopolitic e militar que implica [[Iran]] e [[Israel]], assi como un rete de gruppos armate, aliados regional e actores statal. Le conflicto se developpava principalmente per medio de operationes de gruppos supportate per Iran, de attaccos contra positiones e interesses israelian e de operationes militar israelian contra le infrastructuras e le aliados de Iran in le Medio Oriente. Su origines moderne remonta al annos 1980, e su evolution es ligate al rivalitate strategic inter Tehran e Jerusalem.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://iranprimer.usip.org/blog/2023/oct/19/timeline-iran-and-hezbollah |titulo=Timeline: Iran and Hezbollah |sitioweb=United States Institute of Peace |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le confrontation ha includite le activitates de Hezbollah in Libano, de Hamas e del Jihad Islamic palestinian in le Banda de Gaza, de gruppos armate in Irak e Syria, e del movemento Houthi in Yemen. Totevia, iste actores non es identic e non opera sempre sub un commandamento commun: cata gruppo ha su proprie origines, interesses e objectivos, ben que plures mantene relationes de cooperation, supporto o coordination con Iran.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran's Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante plure decennios, le confronto esseva characterisate per le uso de aliados e operationes indirecte. In 2024, le confrontation escalava con attaccos directemente attribuite a Iran e Israel. Le guerra de dece-duo dies de junio 2025 e le conflicto directe initiate in februario 2026 transformava ulteriormente le natura del rivalitate, sin eliminar le rolo del gruppos armate regional.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Origines e contexto == Le Revolution Iranian de 1979 transformava le relationes inter Iran e Israel. Le nove Republica Islamic adoptava un position explicitemente hostile verso le Stato israelian, durante que Israel comenciava a considerar le extension del influentia iranian in le region como un problema strategic. Le confrontation se intensificava in le annos 1980, specialmente post le invasion israelian de Libano in 1982. Iran inviava membros del Guardia Revolutionari Islamic pro assister in le formation de gruppos armate shiita in Libano. In iste contexto se developpava Hezbollah, que deveniva le principal parceiro regional de Iran in le confrontation con Israel.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://iranprimer.usip.org/blog/2023/oct/19/timeline-iran-and-hezbollah |titulo=Timeline: Iran and Hezbollah |sitioweb=United States Institute of Peace |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le supporto iranian a Hezbollah includeva, durante le annos, assistentia financiari, armamentos, formation e cooperation technic. Hezbollah deveniva simultaneemente un actor politic libanese e un fortia armate que manteneva un confrontation prolongate con Israel, specialmente in le sud de Libano. Le relationes inter Iran e le movementos palestinian evolveva in parallel. Iran establiva relationes con Hamas e le Jihad Islamic palestinian, ben que illes es movementos sunnita e Iran es un Stato a majoritate shiita. Le cooperation se basava principalmente sur lor opposition commun a Israel, ma le relationes e le grado de supporto variava secundo le circumstantias politic e militar.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran's Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Le strategia de Iran == Iran ha developpate un rete de parceiros e gruppos armate in diverse partes del Medio Oriente, frequentemente designate como le «Axis de Resistentia». Le rete ha functionate como un instrumento pro extender le influentia regional iranian, exercer pression super Israel e le Statos Unite e augmentar le costos militar e politic de un attacco contra Iran. Le relationes con iste actores varia. In alcun casos, Iran forni armamentos, financiation e formation; in alteres, le cooperation include scambio de information, coordination de operationes o supporto technic. Le capacitate de commandamento directe de Iran super cata gruppo non es identic e non debe esser presumite in tote le casos.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran's Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le strategia indirecte permitte a Iran de exercer pression regional sin recurrer sempre a un confrontation militar directe con Israel. Illo pote etiam complicar le attribution de responsabilitate pro attaccos specific e augmentar le possibilitate de escalation inter plure actores. == Le rolo de Israel == Israel ha considerate le developpamento del capacitate militar iranian, le programma nuclear de Iran e le transferentia de armamentos a gruppos armate regional como amenazas a su securitate national. Le responsa israelian ha includite attaccos contra positiones de gruppos associate a Iran, operationes contra infrastructuras militar in Syria, interception de armamentos e operationes clandestin attribuite a Israel. Alcun operationes, specialmente illos concernente le assassini de personas ligate al programma nuclear iranian, ha essite reportate per medios international o attribuite a Israel, ma non tote le casos ha essite officialmente recognoscite per le governamento israelian. Israel ha etiam declarate que su actiones contra le infrastructuras iranian in Syria e contra le transferentia de armamentos al Hezbollah face parte de su effortios pro impedir que Iran establi capacitate militar proxime al frontieras israelian. Le interpretation del legalitate e del effectos de iste operationes varia inter le actores concernite. == Principales actores regional == === Hezbollah === Hezbollah es un movemento politic e armate libanese establite in le contexto del guerra civil libanese e del intervention israelian in Libano durante le annos 1980. Iran ha fornite supporto substantial al gruppo, que deveniva un del actores principal del rete regional iranian. Hezbollah ha combattite contra Israel in le sud de Libano e ha developpate un importante arsenal de missiles e rockets. Le guerra de 2006 e le confrontos posterior monstrava le capacitate del gruppo de mantener un confrontation militar con Israel. Post le 7 de octobre 2023, le attaccos transfrontalier inter Hezbollah e Israel intensificava le tensiones e contribueva al expansion del conflicto regional.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://iranprimer.usip.org/blog/2023/oct/19/timeline-iran-and-hezbollah |titulo=Timeline: Iran and Hezbollah |sitioweb=United States Institute of Peace |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Hamas e le Jihad Islamic palestinian === Hamas es un movemento palestinian islamista sunnita que governa de facto le Banda de Gaza desde 2007 e ha un bracio armate. Le Jihad Islamic palestinian es un altere movemento armate palestinian. Iran ha supportate ambe gruppos, con differentes nivellos e formas de cooperation. Le relationes con Iran non significa que Hamas o le Jihad Islamic palestinian es simplemente organos del Stato iranian. Illes ha lor proprie agendas, structures de commandamento e bases politic. Le grado de coordination con Iran ha variate durante le historia, specialmente durante periodos de disagreement super Syria e altere questiones regional.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran's Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Gruppos armate in Irak e Syria === Diverse gruppos armate in Irak e Syria ha establite relationes con Iran e, in certe casos, con le Guardia Revolutionari Islamic. Alcun ha attaccate positiones israelian o interesses del Statos Unite in le region, durante que altere ha participate in conflictos local e in operationes ligate al guerra civil syria. Le rete non es un bloco completamente uniforme. Le gruppos differ in lor organisation, interesses local, relationes con le governamentos e grado de cooperation con Tehran. Le participation de un gruppo in un attacco specific non significa automaticamente que Iran lo ha directemente ordinate. === Le movemento Houthi === Le Houthi, cognoscite etiam como Ansar Allah, es un movemento politico e armate originari del nord de Yemen. Illes ha developpate relationes con Iran e ha recipite supporto que contribueva al disveloppamento de lor capacitate de missiles e drones. Durante le guerra de Gaza, le Houthi attaccava naves commercial in le Mar Rubie e lanceava missiles e drones verso Israel, presentante lor actiones como supporto al palestinianos. Iste operationes extendava le confrontation regional al navigation commercial e al securitate del rutas maritime.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-support-houthis-what-know |titulo=Iran's Support of the Houthis: What to Know |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Evolution del conflicto == === Annos 1980 e 1990 === Durante le annos 1980, le relationes inter Iran e Hezbollah se consolidava in le contexto del guerra in Libano. Hezbollah executava operationes contra le fortias israelian e contra altere objectivos, durante que Israel manteneva un presentia militar in partes de Libano. Durante le annos 1990, le confrontation continuava principalmente per medio de Hezbollah e altere actores regional. Iran continuava a supportar le gruppo, e Israel tentava de limitar su capacitate militar e le transferentia de armamentos. === Retiro israelian de Libano in 2000 e guerra de 2006 === Israel se retirava del major parte del sud de Libano in maio 2000. Hezbollah presentava le retiro como un successo de su campania armate e conservava un rolo central in le politica e securitate libanese. In julio 2006, post que Hezbollah capturava duo soldados israelian in un attacco transfrontalier, Israel initiava un vaste campania aeree e terrestre contra le gruppo e altere objectivos in Libano. Hezbollah respondeva con rockets contra Israel. Le guerra terminava post circa un mense con un cessate le foco e le adoption del Resolution 1701 del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite. Le conflicto non eliminava le capacitate armate de Hezbollah ni le rivalitate inter Israel e Iran.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://iranprimer.usip.org/blog/2023/oct/19/timeline-iran-and-hezbollah |titulo=Timeline: Iran and Hezbollah |sitioweb=United States Institute of Peace |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Guerra civil syria === Le guerra civil syria, initiate in 2011, deveniva un altere teatro importante del rivalitate. Iran e Hezbollah supportava le governamento de Bashar al-Assad, durante que Israel executava numerose attaccos contra positiones e transferentias de armamentos associate a Iran in Syria. Le operationes israelian habeva como objectivo declarate impedir le establimento de infrastructuras militar iranian permanente e limitar le transferentia de armas a Hezbollah. Iste confrontos manteneva un dimension principalmente indirecte, ben que attaccos israelian occideva etiam personal militar iranian e de gruppos alliates. === Escalada post octobre 2023 === Le attacco de Hamas contra Israel le 7 de octobre 2023 e le guerra subsequente in Gaza provocava un expansion del confrontation regional. Hezbollah initiava attaccos transfrontalier contra Israel, le Houthi attaccava naves e lanceava projectiles verso Israel, e gruppos armate in Irak e Syria attaccava positiones associate al Statos Unite. Le actores concernite non participava tote del mesme maniera. Alcun gruppos intensificava lor operationes, durante que alteres evitava un confrontation total. Le situation tamen augmentava le risco que le conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel deveniva un guerra regional plus directe.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/745bfc36e23997ee3f0bc499a9f5c16d |titulo=From Houthis to Hezbollah, a look at the Iran-allied groups rallying to arms around Middle East |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Confrontation directe in 2024 === In 2024, le rivalitate includeva attaccos directemente attribuite a Iran e Israel, in addition al operationes per medio de aliados regional. In april, Iran lanceava un grande numero de drones e missiles verso Israel post un attacco contra un edificio diplomatic iranian in Damascus, Syria. Israel e su parceiros interceptava le major parte del projectiles. Le confrontation continuava con altere attaccos e operationes, includente strikes israelian contra objectivos associate a Iran e contra commandantes de gruppos armate. Iste eventos marcava un cambiamento importante: le conflictos indirecte poteva converter se in exchange de attaccos inter le duo Statos.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/irans-regional-armed-network |titulo=Iran's Regional Armed Network |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Guerra de dece-duo dies in 2025 === In junio 2025, Israel initiava attaccos contra installationes militar e nuclear iranian. Iran respondeva con missiles e drones contra Israel, e le Statos Unite participava in attaccos contra objectivos iranian. Le combattimentos durava circa dece-duo dies e terminava con un cessate le foco. Le guerra de 2025 constitueva un escalada major del confrontation, perque le duo Statos executava operationes directe contra le territorio e le infrastructuras del altere. Illo non eliminava le causas del rivalitate, ni le rolo del gruppos armate regional.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Guerra de 2026 === Le 28 de februario 2026, Israel e le Statos Unite initiava un nove serie de attaccos contra Iran, includente objectivos militar e nuclear. Iran respondeva con attaccos contra Israel, contra bases militar del Statos Unite in le region e contra objectivos in paises arabe. Le confrontation provocava etiam interruption del navigation e un crise concernente le Stricto de Hormuz. Un cessate le foco conditional esseva annunciate in april, con mediation de Pakistan. In junio, un memorandum de accordo contribueva a detener le combattimentos de grande scala, ma le accordo non solveva le disputas super le programma nuclear iranian, le sanctiones e le navigation in Hormuz. Secundo le evaluation del Council on Foreign Relations de septembre 2026, le situation remaneva fragile, con accusationes de violation del cessate le foco e un accordo durabile ancora absente.<ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le guerra de 2026 monstra que le rivalitate inter Iran e Israel non pote esser explicate solmente como un guerra per procura: le confrontation include nunc attaccos directes inter Statos, insimul con le activitate de gruppos armate e le propagation del conflicto a altere partes del Medio Oriente. == Objectivos e interesses == Le objectivos del actores varia e pote cambiar con le evolution del conflicto. Iran cerca mantener su influentia regional, sustener actores que oppone Israel e dissuader attaccos contra su territorio e su infrastructuras strategic. Su relationes con gruppos armate regional provide instrumentos de pression, ma illos pote etiam generar riscos de escalation e de confrontation directe. Israel cerca impedir que Iran developpa capacitate nuclear militar, limitar le arsenales de gruppos armate proxime al su frontieras e reducer le capacitate de Iran de projectar fortia in le region. Le governamento israelian presenta su operationes como mesuras de securitate, durante que Iran e altere actores le caracteriza frequentemente como aggression o violation del sovranitate. Le gruppos armate regional ha interesses proprie, ligate a conflictos local, identitate politic o religiose, rivalitates interne e relationes con patronos externe. Lor actiones pote concordar con le objectivos de Iran sin que tote le decisiones sia directemente controlate per Tehran. == Consequentias regional == Le confrontation ha effectos super le securitate del populationes civil, le stabilitate del governamentos, le economia e le navigation international. Le attaccos e contra-attaccos pote causar mortes e lesiones, destruction de infrastructuras, displaciamento del population e interruption del servicios essential. Le expansion del conflicto a Libano, Syria, Irak, Yemen e le Mar Rubie crea un risco de crises simultanee. Le attaccos contra naves e le interruptiones del navigation pote afectar le commercio international, specialmente quando le rutas maritime strategic es implicate. Le participation del Statos Unite e le reactiones de altere paises pote augmentar le dimension international del confrontation. Le organisationes international e le governamentos regional ha promovite cessation del hostilitate, negotiationes e mesuras pro evitar un guerra plus longe. == Diplomatia e tentativas de de-escalation == Le efforts diplomatic ha includite negotiationes indirecte, mediation de tertie paises e initiatives del Nationes Unite. Le cessation temporari del combattimentos in 2025 e le accordos conditional de 2026 demonstrava que le partes pote acceptar pausas operative, ma le disputas fundamental remane difficile a resolver. Le principales questiones include le programma nuclear de Iran, le missiles e drones, le sanctiones economic, le securitate de Israel, le activitate de gruppos armate regional e le libertate de navigation in le Golfo Persic e le Stricto de Hormuz. Un accordo durabile require non solmente un reduction del attaccos directe, ma etiam accordos super le securitate regional e le relationes inter Iran, Israel e le actores que participa al confrontation. == Signification del termino «guerra per procura» == Le expression guerra per procura describe un situation in le qual Statos o altere actores sustene fortias local que participa in un conflicto in lor loco o in coordination con lor interesses. In le caso de Iran e Israel, le expression se refere specialmente al rolo de Hezbollah, Hamas, del Houthi e de gruppos armate in Irak e Syria. Totevia, le expression non debe implicar que iste gruppos es totalmente sub le controlo de Iran. Illes ha lor proprie commandamentos, objectivos e bases social e politic. Le relationes varia inter supporto material, cooperation strategic e coordination operative. Post le intercambio de attaccos directe in 2024 e le guerras de 2025 e 2026, le rivalitate ha superate le limites de un conflicto indirecte e devenite un confrontation que combina guerra per procura, attaccos inter Statos e crises regional. {{Ref}} {{Guerra de Iran de 2026}} [[Category:Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel| ]] [[Category:Conflicto Iran-Israel|procura]] [[Category:Conflictos implicante le Organisation del Mujahedin del Populo de Iran]] [[Category:Implication extere in le guerra civil syrian]] [[Category:Guerra per procura inter Iran e Arabia Saudita]] [[Category:Guerras per procura]] [[Category:Guerras implicante Iran]] [[Category:Guerras implicante Israel]] [[Category:Conflicto arabo-israeli]] [[Categoria:Conflicto arabo-israelita]] qfq9p8rlj8u4trj2f85vpvfdhsovu7m 0 62108 704869 703974 2026-10-20T01:54:19Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Italia insular''' es un del cinco grande divisiones geografic-statistic del [[Italia]], insimul con le Italia nord-occidental, le Italia nord-oriental, le Italia central e le Italia meridional. In le classification statistic del [[Istituto National de Statistica de Italia|ISTAT]], le Italia insular comprende duo regiones: [[Sicilia]] e [[Sardinia]]. In le senso del geographia physic, le notion pote esser plus ample e include le insulas italian del Mediterraneo e, in un definition del region geographic italian, tamben [[Corsica]], que politicamente pertine a [[Francia]]. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.coeweb.istat.it/note_metodologiche/glossario.htm |titulo=Glossario: ripartizioni geografiche |sitioweb=ISTAT |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319071012/https://www.coeweb.istat.it/note_metodologiche/glossario.htm |archivedate=2025-03-19 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/insulare/ |titulo=Insulare |sitioweb=Treccani |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le Italia insular occupa un position central in le [[Mar Mediterranee]] e ha un importante diversitate geographic, climatic, historic e cultural. Sicilia e Sardinia es le duo plus grande insulas del Mediterraneo e constitue etiam duo regiones autonome del Republica Italiana, cata un con su proprie institutiones e statuto special. == Territorio e regiones == In le classification statistic del ISTAT, le Italia insular es formate per duo regiones: * [[Sicilia]], con capital in [[Palermo]], es le plus grande insula del Mediterraneo e comprende tamben numerose insulas minor, inter le quales le [[Insulas Eolie]], le [[Insulas Egadi]], le [[Insulas Pelagie]], [[Pantelleria]] e [[Ustica]]. * [[Sardinia]], con capital in [[Cagliari]], es le secunde plus grande insula del Mediterraneo. Su territorio comprende insulas minor e archipelagos como le [[Archipelago de la Maddalena]], [[Asinara]], [[Sant'Antioco]] e [[San Pietro]]. Le duo regiones es classificate como regiones a statuto special, con formas de autonomia definite per lor statutos e per le Constitution italian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/sicilia_res-51b7c2ab-973b-11e5-8844-00271042e8d9/ |titulo=Sicilia |sitioweb=Treccani |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/sardegna/ |titulo=Sardegna |sitioweb=Treccani |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In le senso geographic plus ample, le region insular del region geographic italian pote includer etiam Corsica e le insulas minor adjacente. Corsica, tamen, non face parte del Republica Italiana e non es includite in le classification statistic italian del Italia insular. == Geographia physic == Le territorio insular italian es caracterisate per costas extensive, montanias, collinas, planuras costal e numerosas insulas minor. Le origine geologic e le evolution del relevo es differente in Sicilia e Sardinia, e isto contribui al diversitate del paisages. === Sicilia === Sicilia es situate al extremitate meridional del Peninsula Italic, separate del [[Calabria]] per le [[Stricto de Messina]]. Le insula es circumferite per le [[Mar Tirreno]] al nord, le [[Mar Ionian]] al est e le Mar de Sicilia al sud. Le relevo sicilian es predominantemente collinose e montuose. Le [[Etna]], situate in le parte oriental, es un del plus importante vulcanos active de Europa. Le insula include etiam le montanias de [[Madonie]], [[Nebrodi]] e [[Peloritani]], assi como planuras costal, inter le quales le area de [[Catania]]. Le territorio sicilian comprende un grande varietate de ambientes, desde costas basse e planuras agricole usque a zonas montuose e vulcanic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/sicilia_res-51b7c2ab-973b-11e5-8844-00271042e8d9/ |titulo=Sicilia |sitioweb=Treccani |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Sardinia === Sardinia es situate al west del Peninsula Italic, inter le [[Mar Tirreno]] e le [[Mar Sardinian]]. Su costas alterna golfos, promontorios, playas e costas rocheose, durante que le interior es dominate per altiplanos, collinas e montanias. Le [[Gennargentu]] constitue le principal massivo montuose del insula. Le territorio include etiam planuras e vallatas, assi como zonas de vegetations mediterranee e paisages de granito e roccas metamorphic. Le insulas adjacente, como le Archipelago de la Maddalena, contribue al diversitate del ambiente costal. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/sardegna/ |titulo=Sardegna |sitioweb=Treccani |accesso=6 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Clima == Le clima del Italia insular es generalmente [[clima mediterranee|mediterranee]], con estates calide e sic, invernos relativamente temperate e pluvias concentrate principalmente in le menses plus frigide. Le conditiones climatic varia secundo le insula e le altitudine. In Sicilia, le zonas interior e montuose pote haber invernos plus frigide e nevate, specialmente in le Etna e in le montanias del nord. Sardinia presenta tamben variationes local, con ventos frequente e conditiones plus umide in certe zonas montuose. Le clima mediterranee ha un effecto importante super le vegetation, le agriculture, le turismo e le gestion del recursos aquatic. Le siccitate estival e le irregularitate del pluvias constitue factores importante pro le agricultura e le prevention del incendios forestal. == Historia == Le insulas del Italia insular ha essite un puncto de contacto inter Europa, Africa del Nord e le Mediterraneo oriental durante millennios. Lor position geographic favorava le navigation, le commercio e le contacto inter differente civilisations. === Antiquitate === Sicilia e Sardinia esseva habitate desde le prehistoria. In Sardinia se disveloppava le civilisation nuragic, cognoscite pro su construcciones de petra denominate [[nuraghes]]. Le restos archeologic testimonia un societate complex, con insulamentos, monumentos e relationes commercial con altere partes del Mediterraneo. Sicilia recipeva importante colonias grec durante le seculos VIII e VII ante nostre era. Cidades como [[Siracusa]], [[Gela]] e [[Agrigento]] deveniva centros cultural e politic del mundo grec occidental. Le insula passava postea sub le controlo de [[Roma]], durante que Sardinia e Corsica esseva integrate in le expansion roman in le Mediterraneo occidental. === Medievo === Post le fin del Imperio Roman occidental, le insulas passava per diverse phases de dominio e influentia. Sicilia esseva governate successivemente per [[Bizantio]], [[Arabes]] e [[Normandos]]. Le periodo arabe e le posterior regno norman contribueva al formation de un cultura sicilian con influentias latin, grec e islamic. Sardinia developpava un organisation politic proprie durante le medioevo, con le judicatos sardos. Le insula esseva ulteriormente integrate in le sfera de influentia del [[Corona de Aragon]], que exerceva un rolo importante in su historia politic e institutional. === Periodo moderne e unification italian === Durante le periodo moderne, Sicilia e Sardinia faceva parte de differente entitates politic. Sardinia esseva associate al [[Regno de Sardinia]], que deveniva le nucleo del processo de unification italian. Sicilia, durante le seculo XIX, esseva parte del [[Regno del Duo Sicilias]] ante le unification. In 1861, le formation del [[Regno de Italia]] integra le duo insulas in le nove Stato italian. Le historia posterior esseva marcate per le transformation del administration, le migration, le disveloppamento del infrastructuras e le evolution del autonomia regional. == Population e centros urban == Le population del Italia insular es concentrate principalmente in le zonas urban e costal, ben que grande partes del territorio conserva un densitate demographic relativemente basse. In Sicilia, le principal centros urban include [[Palermo]], le capital regional, [[Catania]], [[Messina]], [[Siracusa]], [[Trapani]] e [[Agrigento]]. Palermo e Catania es polos importante de administration, commercio, education, industria e servicios. In Sardinia, [[Cagliari]] es le capital regional e un importante centro administrative, portuari e economic. Altere centros urban importante include [[Sassari]], [[Olbia]], [[Nuoro]], [[Oristano]] e [[Alghero]]. Le population insular ha essite influentiate per le migration interne e externe, le concentration del emploi in le citates e le transformation del economia rural e maritime. == Economia == Le economia del Italia insular combina agricultura, pisca, industria, servicios, commercio maritime e turismo. Le peso relative de iste sectores varia inter Sicilia e Sardinia e inter le zonas urban e rural. === Agricultura e pisca === Le agricultura ha un rolo historic importante. In Sicilia se cultiva, inter altere productos, [[frumento]], [[olivas]], [[uva]], [[agrumes]] e [[amandolas]]. Le viticultura e le production de vino es importante in plure zonas, includente le insulas minor. In Sardinia, le agricultura e le allevamento conserva un peso significative in multe areas interior. Le production include [[cereales]], olivas, uva, productos horticole e le allevamento de oves, que ha un rolo important in le economia rural e in le production de [[pecorino]]. Le pisca e le aquicultura es practicate in le zonas costal e in plure portos del duo insulas. Le activitate maritime include le pisca professional, le piscation de species local e le services associate al navigation. === Industria e servicios === Sicilia ha centros industrial e energetiche, includente installationes petrochemical, raffinerias, industria manufacturera e servicios portuari. Le economia regional include etiam le administration public, le education superior e le servicios commercial. In Sardinia, le industria es concentrate in certe polos e zonas productive, con activitates in le energia, le transformation de productos agricole, le industria chimic e le services. Le turismo e le servicios constitute un parte importante del economia, specialmente in le zonas costal. === Turismo === Le turismo es un del principales sectores economic del Italia insular. Sicilia attrahe visitantes per su patrimonio archeologic, le paisages vulcanic, le citates historic, le playas e le gastronomia. Le Etna, le [[Valle del Templos]] de Agrigento e le centros historic de Palermo e Siracusa es destinos importante. Sardinia es cognoscite pro su costas, playas, aquas clar, zonas natural protegite e sitios archeologic nuragic. Le turismo estival ha un peso importante, specialmente in le zonas costal e in le archipelagos. == Cultura e patrimonio == Le cultura del Italia insular reflecte le succession de civilisations e contactos maritime que ha marcate su historia. Le lingua, le architectura, le musica, le gastronomia e le traditiones local presenta variationes significative inter Sicilia e Sardinia. Sicilia conserva un patrimonio que combina elementos grec, roman, bizantin, arabe, norman e baroc. Le [[Valle del Templos]], le villas roman, le ecclesias medieval e le centros historic de Palermo e Siracusa testimonia iste diversitate. Sardinia conserva un patrimonio cultural distincte, includente le nuraghes, le tombe de gigantes, le pozos sacre e altere sitios prehistorique. Le traditiones linguistic e musical sardos reflecte le historia proprie del insula e su relationes con le altere partes del Mediterraneo. Le duo regiones ha etiam traditiones religiose, festivitates, artes manual e gastronomia proprie. Le insularitate ha contribu ite al conservation de certe practicas cultural, ma le societates insular es tamben marcate per le migration e le contactos international. == Transportos e communicationes == Le transportos del Italia insular depende in grande mesura del navigation maritime e del connexiones aeree con le continente. Sicilia e Sardinia dispone de portos commercial, portos de passageros e aeroportos que connecte le insulas con le principal citates italian e con altere destinos europee. In Sicilia, le Stricto de Messina es un corredor maritime importante inter le insula e Calabria. Le portos de Palermo, Catania, Messina e Trapani servi al transporto de passageros, merces e servicios maritime. In Sardinia, le portos de Cagliari, Olbia, Porto Torres e Arbatax participa al transporto de passageros e merces. Le aeroportos de Cagliari, Olbia e Alghero es punctos importante pro le connexiones national e international. Le transportos interne combina vias routier, ferrovias e servicios de autobus. Le conditiones geographic e le distribution del population pote render le connexion de certe zonas interior plus complexe que in le continente. == Italia insular e Mezzogiorno == In le classification statistic italian, le Italia insular es distincte del Italia meridional, que comprende Abruzzo, Molise, Campania, Puglia, Basilicata e Calabria. Le duo insulas Sicilia e Sardinia es tamen frequentemente includite, insimul con le Italia meridional, in le notion de [[Mezzogiorno]], usate pro designar le parte meridional del pais in contextos historic, economic e politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.coeweb.istat.it/note_metodologiche/glossario.htm |titulo=Glossario: ripartizioni geografiche |sitioweb=ISTAT |accesso=6 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319071012/https://www.coeweb.istat.it/note_metodologiche/glossario.htm |archivedate=2025-03-19 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-10}}</ref> {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Geographia de Italia]] [[Categoria:Regiones de Italia]] [[Categoria:Sicilia]] [[Categoria:Sardinia]] [[Categoria:Insulas del Mediterraneo]] [[Categoria:Italia meridional]] sqv6ugnkb3v0xqou6fwsxiwev7z410p 0 62128 704871 704071 2026-10-20T03:25:20Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 7 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704871 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Revision}} {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Movimento 15-M''', cognoscite etiam como '''Movimento del Indignatos''', es un movimento de mobilisation civic e protestos social que surgeva in [[Espania]] le 15 de maio 2011. Le movimento nasceva in un contexto de crise economic, desempleo elevate, precarietate laboral, difficultates de accesso al [[allogiamento]] e dissatisfaction con le functioning del systema politic. Le prime manifestationes esseva organisate per differente colectivos civic, includente [[Democracia Real Ya]], e esseva sequite per occupationes e acampamentos in plazzas public de numerose citates espaniol. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |titulo=#15años15M |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura de Espania |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261011111139/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |archivedate=2026-10-11 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> Le movimento reclamava un [[democratia|democratia]] plus participative, un major responsabilitate del representantes politic e mesuras contra le corruption e le influentia del interesses economic super le decisiones public. Su participantes proveniva de ambientes social e politic diverse, e le movimento non habeva un direction national unic ni un programma politic definitive commun a tote le participantes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20111015/cinco-meses-vida-del-15m/468334.shtml |titulo=Los cinco meses de vida del 15M: de las acampadas al cambio global |sitioweb=RTVE |fecha=15 de octobre 2011 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Contexto == Le origines del 15-M es ligate al [[crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014]], al crise del debita public in le [[zona euro]] e al deterioramento del conditiones economic de numerose familias. Le aumento del desempleo, specialmente inter le juventute, le difficultate de acceder a un empleo stabile e al allogiamento, e le recortes in servicios public alimentava le dissatisfaction social. Le crise non explica solmente le apparition del movimento. Illo se desenvolveva tamben in un periodo de crescente critica del representation politic, del corruption e del peso del institutiones financiari in le decisiones del Governamento. Inter le antecedentes del mobilisation se trovava le colectivos [[Juventud Sin Futuro]], [[Democracia Real Ya]] e [[NoLesVotes]], assi como le campaniaes contra le precarietate e le restrictiones legislative concernente Internet. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20111015/cinco-meses-vida-del-15m/468334.shtml |titulo=Los cinco meses de vida del 15M: de las acampadas al cambio global |sitioweb=RTVE |fecha=15 de octobre 2011 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le publication del essay *Indignez-vous!* del diplomate francese [[Stéphane Hessel]] e le mobilisationes del [[Primavera Arabic]] esseva etiam mentionate inter le influentias intellectual e international del movimento. Nonobstante, le 15-M se formava in un contexto espaniol specific e reuniva reclamationes que non se limitava a un sol ideologia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |titulo=#15años15M |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura de Espania |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261011111139/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |archivedate=2026-10-11 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> == Manifestationes del 15 de maio 2011 == Le 15 de maio 2011, manifestationes organisate per plure colectivos occurreva in Madrid e in numerose altere citates espaniol. Un del slogans plus cognoscite esseva «No somos mercancía en manos de políticos y banqueros», que exprimeva le rejection del perception que le decisiones politic e economic non respondeva adequatemente al necessitates del citatanos. Post le manifestation in Madrid, un gruppo de participantes decideva passar le nocte in le [[Puerta del Sol]]. Le prime acampamento cresceva durante le dies sequente, e le plazza deveniva un centro de reunion, debatte e organisation collective. Le intervention del policia e le desalojamento de participantes durante le prime noctes contribueva a ampliar le visibilitate del protestos. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |titulo=#15años15M |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura de Espania |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261011111139/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |archivedate=2026-10-11 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> Le acampamento de Sol deveniva un symbolo national del movimento. In altere citates, participantes occupava plazzas e organisava acampamentos e assembleas proprie. Le mobilisation se propagava per medio de [[rete social]], sitos web, transmissiones in directo e communication digital, que permitteva diffunder convocatorias e coordinar actiones inter locos distante. == Organisation e methodos == Le 15-M se distingueva per su organisation decentralisate e per le uso de assembleas aperte. In multe plazzas, le participantes organisava reuniones public in le quales le ideas e propositiones esseva discutite collective e le decisiones esseva adoptate per consensus o per proceduras de deliberation. Le acampamentos includeva commissiones dedicate a communication, organisation, logistic, documentation, activitates cultural e altere necessitates del communitate. Le assembleas non se limitava al participantes residente in le plazzas: in numerose citates, le activitate se transferiva gradualmente a barrios e communes, ubi esseva organisate reuniones local e gruppos de labor. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |titulo=#15años15M |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura de Espania |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261011111139/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |archivedate=2026-10-11 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> Le uso de Internet e del rete social esseva fundamental pro le diffusion del convocatorias e del mensajes del movimento. Le methodos de mobilisation includeva: * manifestationes e marchas; * acampamentos e occupationes de plazzas public; * assembleas popular e reuniones de barrio; * publication de propositiones e documentos collective; * activismo digital e transmissiones in directo; * actiones de desobedientia civil non violente; * participation in protestos contra desalojamentos e executiones hipotecari. Le formas de organisation variava inter le citates e le colectivos. Le 15-M non disponeva de un organo central capace de imponer decisiones al insimul del movimento. == Reclamationes == Le reclamationes del 15-M variava inter le assembleas e le grupos participante. Nonobstante, plure temas esseva recurrente: * Democratia plus participative: major participation del citatanos in le decisiones public e reformas del systema electoral. * Lucta contra le corruption: plus grande responsabilitate politic e mesuras contra le corruption e le abuso de poter. * Critica del bipartitismo: rejection del predominio electoral e institutional del [[Partido Popular]] e del [[Partido Socialista Obrero Español]] in le systema politic del epocha. * Justitia social: opposition a recortes in servicios public e reclamation de accesso al education, al sanitate e a altere servicios basic. * Derectos laboral: opposition al precarietate, al desempleo e al difficultates de accesso al mercato del labor. * Derecto al allogiamento: reclamationes contra le evictiones e le difficultates de pagar o mantener un habitation. * Regulation del systema financiari: critica del influentia del bancas e del interesses economic super le politica public. Le propositiones esseva formulate in un processo aperte e collaborative. Le documentos approbate per assembleas como le Acampada Sol non debe esser interpretate como un programma definitive e uniforme pro tote le participantes del 15-M. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |titulo=#15años15M |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura de Espania |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261011111139/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |archivedate=2026-10-11 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> == Developpamento in 2011 == === Maio e junio === Durante le ultime septimanas de maio 2011, le acampamentos cresceva e le assembleas adoptava propositiones concernente le reforma politic, le gestion del crise economic e le protection del derectos social. Le Puerta del Sol in Madrid deveniva le foco plus visibile del mobilisation, ma le movimento habeva un forte presentia in altere citates. Le manifestationes esseva organisate in un ambiente de participation aperte, e le decision de mantener o abandonar le acampamentos esseva discutite per le participantes. Le 12 de junio, le assemblea de Sol decideva abandonar le acampamento permanent e continuar le activitate per medio de assembleas in barrios e communes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |titulo=#15años15M |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura de Espania |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261011111139/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |archivedate=2026-10-11 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> Le movimento continua a organisar manifestationes e actiones post le fin del acampamentos. Le 19 de junio, nove manifestationes esseva organisate in numerose citates, includente actiones contra le politicas de austeritate e le direction del politica economic europee. === Marchas e mobilisation international === Durante le estate de 2011, gruppos de participantes partiva a pede o in bicicleta desde differente citates pro diffunder le reclamationes del movimento e establir relationes con communitates local. Le Marcha Popular Indignada arrivava a Madrid in julio, con columnas proveniente de varie partes del pais. Le mobilisation international del 15-M se exprimeva tamben in manifestationes del 15 de octobre 2011. Iste jornata esseva associate al reclamation de un cambiamento politic e economic plus ample e includeva protestos in plure paises, con participation de grupos inspirate per le experientia espaniol. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20111015/cinco-meses-vida-del-15m/468334.shtml |titulo=Los cinco meses de vida del 15M: de las acampadas al cambio global |sitioweb=RTVE |fecha=15 de octobre 2011 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relation con le evictiones == Le derecto al allogiamento e le opposition al evictiones esseva temas importante in le mobilisation social del epocha. Le 15-M includeva actiones de solidaritate con personas que affrontava le eviction de lor habitation, in particular in casos ligate a debitas hipotecari. Le Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH), create in 2009, esseva un movimento distincte que precedeva le 15-M. Illo organisava actiones contra le evictiones e pro defender le personas affectate per le crise hipotecari. Le PAH e le 15-M habeva areas de cooperation e convergentia, ma non esseva le mesme organisation. Le intervention de participantes pro impedir o retardar certe evictiones deveniva un del formas de action civil associate al ciclo de protestos de 2011–2015. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://idus.us.es/bitstreams/93a4010c-0a81-4353-92c6-cfd494def919/download |titulo=The Internet in the social mobilization: 15-M Movement |sitioweb=Universidad de Sevilla |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relation con le politica institutional == Le 15-M nasceva principalmente como un movimento civic extra-parlamentari, sin un partito unic ni un programma electoral commun. Su critica del systema de partidos, del bipartitismo e del deficit de representation esseva un elemento central del su discurso public. Post 2011, le ideas, le participantes e le methodos de organisation associate al 15-M influentiava differente iniciativas social e politic. Inter le consequencias plus visibile se trova le apparition de nove platformas civic, candidaturas municipal e partidos politic que reclamava formas de participation e representation plus directe. Le Podemos, fundate in 2014, es frequentemente mentionate in analyses del evolution politic posterior al 15-M. Nonobstante, le movimento non se transformava directemente in un sol partito: le relation inter le 15-M e le nove organisationes politic involveva trajectorias individual, redes social e interpretationes differente del reclamationes del movimento. == Impacto e interpretationes == Le 15-M deveniva un del principales episodios de mobilisation civic in Espania post le transition democratic. Illo portava al spatio public temas como le participation politic, le corruption, le accesso al allogiamento, le precarietate e le relation inter le institutiones representative e le citatanos. Le movimento contribuiva al diffusion de formas de organisation basate super assembleas aperte e communication digital. Su methodos esseva studiate in relation con altere mobilisationes international e con le evolution del activismo digital. Le interpretation del impacto politic del 15-M varia. Alcun analyses insiste super su contribution al renovamento del discourse politic e al apparition de nove actores institutional; altere sublinea le difficultate de transformar un movimento heterogenee e decentralisate in un programma commun e in cambios durabile del institutiones. Le evaluation del su legato depende del aspecto considerate, includente le participation civic, le cultura politic e le effectos super le partidos e le politicas public. == Memoria e anniversarios == Le memoria del 15-M es conservate per archivos, collectiones documental, documentarios e publicationes academic. Le Archivo Histórico de los Movimientos Sociales del Ministerio de Cultura de Espania conserva documentation concernente al movimento, includente materiales relative al acampamentos, al assembleas e al activitates de participantes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |titulo=#15años15M |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura de Espania |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261011111139/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |archivedate=2026-10-11 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> Le 15 de maio 2026 marcava le quindecime anniversario del prime manifestationes del 15-M. Le commemorations official rememorava le origines del mobilisation, le organisation collective in le plazzas e le diverse reclamationes que emergeva durante le crise economic. {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Movimento 15-M| ]] [[Categoria:Movimentos social de Espania]] [[Categoria:Historia contemporanee de Espania]] [[Categoria:Protestos]] [[Categoria:Activismo politic]] [[Categoria:Crise economic de 2008 in Espania]] [[Categoria:Protestos in Espania de 2011-2013]] [[Categoria:Democratia directe in Espania]] [[Categoria:Democratia liquide]] [[Categoria:Antiglobalisation]] j569we4h8ainmbqg2k08roqm5pio49w 0 62129 704875 704072 2026-10-20T03:54:06Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''protestos in Espania de 2011–2015''' esseva un serie de mobilisationes social, manifestationes, occupationes de spacios public e actiones collective que occurreva in Espania durante le crise economic e le periodo de austeritate del prime medietate del decennio de 2010. Le protestos includeva le [[Movimento 15-M]], etiam cognoscite como movimento del Indignatos, le mobilisationes contra le recortes in le servicios public, le actiones contra le evictiones e le reclamationes pro le derecto al allogiamento, le protestos del laboratores e le manifestationes contra le corruption e le systema politic. Le mobilisationes non formava un movimento unic con un direction central. Illas reuniva participantes e organisationes con objectivos differente, includente grupos de citatanos, sindicatos, associationes, collectivos de studentes e plataformas social. Inter lor reclamationes commun se trovava le regeneration democratic, le participation citatan, le defense del servicios public e le protection del derectos social. <ref name="cultura">{{Cita web |url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |titulo=#15años15M |sitioweb=Ministerio de Cultura de Espania |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261011111139/https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/ahms/novedades/efemerides/2026/15m.html |archivedate=2026-10-11 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> == Contexto == Le protestos occurreva in le contexto del [[Crise economic espaniol de 2008–2014|crise economic de 2008]], del crise del sector immobiliari e del augmento del [[desempleo]]. Le recortes in le expensas public e le debattes super le gestion del crise contribueva al dissatisfaction de parte del population con le partidos politic e le institutiones. Le difficultates economic affectava particularmente le juventute, le personas desemployate e le familias confrontate con problemas de debita o de accesso al allogiamento. Le perception que le institutiones politic non respondeva adequatemente al necessitates social deveniva un del temas central del mobilisationes. Le protestos habeva etiam antecedentes in movimentos social anterior, inter illos le Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH), establite in Barcelona in 2009, e le collectivos que reclamava un transformation del systema politic e del relationes inter citatanos e institutiones.<ref name="cultura"/> == Movimento 15-M == {{AP|Movimento 15-M}} Le 15 de maio 2011, manifestationes convocate per le plataforma Democracia Real Ya habeva loco in Madrid e in numerose altere citates espaniol. Le participantes reclamava un regeneration del democratia e criticava le influentia de interesses economic super le politica, le corruption e le falta de representation del citatanos. Le slogan ''«No somos mercancías en manos de políticos y banqueros»'' deveniva un del expressions recognoscibile del mobilisation.<ref name="rtve">{{Cita web |url=https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20110614/cronologia-del-primer-mes-del-movimiento-15-m/438578.shtml |titulo=Cronología del primer mes del movimiento 15-M |sitioweb=RTVE |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Post le manifestation del 15 de maio, un gruppo de participantes comenciava a acampar in le Puerta del Sol de Madrid. Le acampada deveniva un puncto de incontro e de organisation del movimento. In le dies sequente, manifestationes e campamentos similar se diffundeva a Barcelona, Valencia, Sevilla, Zaragoza e altere citates. Le campamentos esseva organisate per medio de assembleas aperte, commissiones e gruppos de labor. Le participantes discutava le reclamationes e le formas de continuar le mobilisation. Le 26 de maio, le assemblea de Sol approbava un serie de prioridades que includeva le reforma electoral, le lutte contra le corruption, le separation effective del poteres public e le creation de mecanismos de controlo citatan.<ref name="rtve"/> Le movimento se describiva generalmente como apartidista e favorabile al participation directe. Isto non significava que tote le participantes habeva le mesme opiniones politic: le 15-M includeva un varietate de positiones e reclamationes, e le decisiones esseva sovente discutite in assembleas local. Le acampada de Puerta del Sol esseva levate le 12 de junio 2011, ma le participantes declarava que le movimento non terminava. Le activitate continuava per medio de assembleas de quartier, manifestationes e actiones thematic.<ref name="rtve"/> == Reclamationes social e servicios public == Durante 2011–2015, plure mobilisationes se concentrava super le defense del servicios public e contra le recortes in education, sanitate e altere areas del administration. Le protestos reuniva laboratores, professionales, sindicatos, studentes e familias. Le Mareas, collectivos organisate in differente sectores, deveniva un forma recognoscibile de mobilisation. Inter illos se trovava le ''Marea Blanca'', associate al defense del sanitate public, e le ''Marea Verde'', ligate al education public. Le colores e le denominationes variava secundo le sector e le territorio. Le 19 de junio 2011, manifestationes contra le gestion del crise e le recortes reuniva participantes in numerose citates. Le mobilisationes continuava durante le estate e le autumno, con reclamationes concernente le politica economic, le services public e le participation democratic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.rtve.es/temas/movimiento-15m/47570/14/ |titulo=Movimiento 15M: noticias e chronologia |sitioweb=RTVE |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Protestos contra le evictiones == {{AP|Evictiones in Espania durante le crise economic}} Le evictiones e le difficultates de mantener un habitation deveniva un del principal temas del mobilisationes social. Le crise immobiliari, le perdita de emprego e le difficultates de pagar hipotecas e alquileres affectava numerose familias. Le Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) organisava actiones pro impedir evictiones, supportar personas confrontate con executiones hipotecari e reclamar cambios juridic. Le plataforma promoviva etiam le ''dación en pago'', que permitte saldar un debita hipotecari per le entrega del habitation in le conditiones legal correspondente. Le PAH se definiva como un movimento horizontal, non violent e apartidista. Su activitate combinava assistentia mutue, consilio practic e actiones collective. Le organisation se expandiva desde Barcelona verso altere partes de Espania e deveniva un actor importante in le debatte public super le derecto al allogiamento. Le 25 de septembre 2011, manifestationes in numerose citates espaniol reclamava cambios in le legislation pro frenar le evictiones e proteger le derecto al habitation. Le PAH e altere collectivos ligate al allogiamento continuava lor actiones durante le annos sequente, includente le interruption de proceduras de eviction e le occupation de edificios vacue pro dar habitation a familias in situationes vulnerabile.<ref name="rtve"/> == Protestos laboral e contra le austeritate == Le crisis economic e le politicas de austeritate provocava etiam mobilisationes laboral. Le sindicatos organisava manifestationes e grèves contra le reforma laboral, le reduction de expensas public e le medidas que, secundo illes, debilitava le protection del laboratores. In 2012, le grève general e le manifestationes contra le reforma laboral reuniva sindicatos e altere collectivos social. Le protestos non esseva identic al 15-M, ma illos occurreva in le mesme contexto de dissatisfaction con le gestion del crise e con le effectos del austeritate. Le sectores del education e del sanitate organisava etiam actiones contra le recortes e le cambios administrative. Le participation variava per territorio e per sector, e le reclamationes includeva le defense del servicios public e le opposition al privatization de certe servicios. == Actiones contra le corruption e le systema politic == Le opposition al corruption politic e al perception de distantia inter le representantes e le citatanos esseva un del principales temas del protestos. Le 15-M reclamava reformas electoral e plus grande responsabilitate institutional, e criticava le predominio de PP e PSOE in le politica national. Le expression «indignatos» esseva largemente usate pro designar le participantes del 15-M. Le termino reflecteva le dissatisfaction con le situation economic e politic, ma non correspondeva a un affiliation politic unic. Le movimento includeva participantes con opiniones differente super le reformas que esseva necessari e super le relation inter le mobilisation social e le partidos politic. Le protestos includeva etiam actiones contra le corruption e manifestationes in relation con decisiones del Parlamento. Le 2 de septembre 2011, per exemplo, participantes del 15-M protestava contra le reforma constitutional relative al principio de stabilitate budgetari. == ''Marchas por la Dignidad'' == Le 22 de martio 2014, le ''Marchas por la Dignidad'' reuniva participantes proveniente de diverse partes del pais in Madrid. Le mobilisation includeva reclamationes contra le austeritate, le desempleo e le reduction del protection social. Le slogan ''«Pan, trabajo y techo»'' exprimiva le demandas de accesso a necessitates fundamental e de protection del derectos social. Le ''Marchas por la Dignidad'' reuniva sindicatos, collectivos social e participantes individual. Illas se insereva in un ciclo plus ample de protestos contra le effectos del crise economic e contra le politicas public adoptate durante le periodo. == Evolution del mobilisationes == Post le grande campamentos de 2011, le protestos deveniva plus diversificate. Parte del activitate continuava in assembleas local e collectivos thematic; altere sectores se concentrava super le allogiamento, le labor, le education, le sanitate o le corruption. Le forma horizontal e decentralisate del 15-M rendeva difficile identificar un direction unic o un programma complete commun. Le movimento non habeva un representation central que poteva parlar in nomine de tote le participantes. Le continuation del activitate dependenteva de redes local, associationes e iniciativas specific. Le mobilisationes de 2011–2015 contribueva al disveloppamento de nove formas de participation politic e social. Alcun activistas participava postea in candidaturas municipal e in nove formationes politic, durante que altere participantes continuava in associationes, sindicatos o collectivos independente. Iste evolution non significa que le insimul del protestos habeva un sol resultato politic. == Impacto e consequentias == Le protestos de 2011–2015 deveniva un del principal fenomenos de mobilisation social in Espania post le transition democratic. Illas portava al centro del debatte public le representation politic, le corruption, le austeritate, le derecto al habitation e le accesso al servicios public. Le effectos variava secundo le tema e le organisation. Le PAH manteneva su activitate contra le evictiones e pro le derecto al allogiamento; le assembleas del 15-M contribuiva al disveloppamento de redes local; e le mobilisationes sectorial continuava a reclamar cambios in education, sanitate e labor. Le Archivo Historic del Movimentos Social del Ministerio de Cultura considera le 15-M un del phenomenos social importante del 21e seculo e conserva documentos relative al campamentos, al assembleas e al activitate del participantes.<ref name="cultura"/> {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Protestos in Espania de 2011-2013| ]] [[Categoria:Historia de Espania]] [[Categoria:Protestos in Espania]] [[Categoria:Movimentos social]] [[Categoria:Movimento 15-M]] [[Categoria:Porta del Sol (Madrid)]] l7pob462rqgxhiijbx3g0u348x4chkj 0 62138 704872 704091 2026-10-20T03:40:04Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 704872 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Operation Enduring Freedom''' (OEF, in anglese ''Operation Enduring Freedom'') esseva le denomination official usate per le [[Statos Unite]] pro un insimul de operationes militar e antiterrorista initiate post le [[attaccos del 11 de septembre 2001]]. Le operation comenciava le 7 de octobre 2001, con attaccos aeree statounitese e britannic contra le fortias del [[Taliban]] e del organisation terrorista [[al-Qaeda]] in [[Afghanistan]]. Su objectivos declarate includeva le destruction del infrastructura de al-Qaeda, le elimination del refugios que le Taliban provideva al organisation e le prevention de nove attaccos terrorista. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/wars-conflicts-and-operations/middle-east/operation-enduring-freedom.html |titulo=Operation Enduring Freedom |sitioweb=Naval History and Heritage Command, U.S. Navy |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://history.army.mil/Publications/Publications-Catalog/Operation-ENDURING-FREEDOM/ |titulo=Operation ENDURING FREEDOM: The United States Army in Afghanistan, September 2001–March 2002 |sitioweb=U.S. Army Center of Military History |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le operation esseva le prime grande campania militar del [[Guerra contra le Terrorismo]] declarate per le administration del presidente statounitese [[George W. Bush]]. Ben que le denomination sia associate principalmente con le guerra in Afghanistan, illo esseva etiam usate pro operationes regional contra gruppos terrorista in altere partes del mundo, includente le [[Philippinas]], le [[Corno de Africa]] e le [[Sahara]]. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2006/60083.htm |titulo=Operation Enduring Freedom |sitioweb=U.S. Department of State |fecha=31 de januario 2006 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.comptroller.defense.gov/Portals/45/Documents/defbudget/fy2017/FY2017_OCOTF_and_Base_ConOps.pdf |titulo=Fiscal Year 2017 Overseas Contingency Operations |sitioweb=U.S. Department of Defense |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250710064856/https://comptroller.defense.gov/Portals/45/Documents/defbudget/fy2017/FY2017_OCOTF_and_Base_ConOps.pdf |archivedate=2025-07-10 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> == Origines e objectivos == Le 11 de septembre 2001, membros de al-Qaeda executava quatro attaccos terrorista in le Statos Unite, includente le destruction del [[World Trade Center]] in [[New York]] e le attacco contra le [[Pentagono]]. Le administration de George W. Bush attribueva le responsabilitate del attaccos a al-Qaeda e demandava al Taliban, alora al governamento de facto de Afghanistan, que expellera le organisation e cessara de offerer refugio a su membros. Post le refus del Taliban de satisfacer le demandas statounitese, le Statos Unite initiava operationes militar con le supporto del [[Regno Unite]] e de altere paises. Le campania esseva concepite pro attaccar al-Qaeda e le fortias del Taliban e pro impedir que Afghanistan continuara a servir como base pro operationes terrorista international. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.afhistory.af.mil/FAQs/Fact-Sheets/Article/458975/2001-operation-enduring-freedom/ |titulo=2001 – Operation Enduring Freedom |sitioweb=Air Force Historical Support Division, U.S. Air Force |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260410123028/https://www.afhistory.af.mil/FAQs/Fact-Sheets/Article/458975/2001-operation-enduring-freedom/ |archivedate=2026-04-10 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> Le operation esseva concepite como un campania multinational, con le participation de fortias statounitese e de aliados. Le contributiones variava secundo le pais e le periodo e includeva operationes aeree, fortias terrestre, operationes special e supporto logistic e de intelligentia. == Operationes in Afghanistan == === Initio del invasion === Le 7 de octobre 2001, le Statos Unite e le Regno Unite comenciava attaccos aeree contra objectivos del Taliban e de al-Qaeda. Le operationes initial includeva bombardamentos e actiones de fortias special in cooperation con le [[Alliantia del Nord]], un coalition de gruppos afghan oppose al Taliban. In novembre 2001, le Aliança del Nord capturava plure citates importante, includente [[Mazar-i-Sharif]] e [[Kabul]]. Le governamento del Taliban collabeva como autoritate central, e le fortias del coalition continuava le operationes contra le combatentes que remaneva active. Le campania initial includeva etiam actiones in le region de [[Tora Bora]], ubi le fortias del coalition cercava membros e dirigentes de al-Qaeda. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.afhistory.af.mil/FAQs/Fact-Sheets/Article/458975/2001-operation-enduring-freedom/ |titulo=2001 – Operation Enduring Freedom |sitioweb=Air Force Historical Support Division, U.S. Air Force |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260410123028/https://www.afhistory.af.mil/FAQs/Fact-Sheets/Article/458975/2001-operation-enduring-freedom/ |archivedate=2026-04-10 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> Le cadita del governamento del Taliban non terminava le conflicto. Le organisation e altere gruppos armate continuava a operar, e le fortias international e afghan se trovava confrontate con un insurgentia que se prolongava durante le annos sequente. === Stabilisation e reconstruction === Post le cadita del Taliban, le effortios international se extendiva al supporto del nove institutiones afghan, al formation de fortias de securitate national e al reconstruction del infrastructura. Le operationes militar esseva accompaniate per programas de cooperation, formation e assistentia civil. Le Statos Unite e le paises participante susteneva le formation del [[Forces Armate Afghan]] e del policia national. Le coalition establishiva etiam equipos provincial de reconstruction, destinate a combinar securitate con projectos de reconstruction e cooperation con le autoritates local. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2006/60083.htm |titulo=Operation Enduring Freedom |sitioweb=U.S. Department of State |fecha=31 de januario 2006 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le effortios de stabilisation se confrontava a difficultates persistente, includente le resurgence del Taliban, le debilitate de certe institutiones statal, le corruption e le continuation del violentia in plure regiones del pais. === Transition del mission === Le 28 de decembre 2014, le Statos Unite concludeva officialmente Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan. Le mission esseva succedite per Operation Freedom’s Sentinel, que comenciava le 1 de januario 2015 e includeva le supporto al fortias de securitate afghan e operationes antiterrorista. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Article/605332/statement-by-secretary-of-defense-chuck-hagel-on-operation-enduring-freedom-and/ |titulo=Statement by Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel on Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Freedom's Sentinel |sitioweb=U.S. Department of Defense |fecha=28 de decembre 2014 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le conclusion de Operation Enduring Freedom non significava le fin del [[Guerra in Afghanistan (2001–2021)]]. Le guerra continuava usque al 2021, quando le Statos Unite completava su retiro militar e le Taliban recapturava Kabul e retornava al poter. == Operationes regional == Le denomination Operation Enduring Freedom esseva usate etiam pro operationes contra le terrorism in altere regiones. Iste operationes habeva objectivos e formas de execution differente e non debe esser considerate un sol campania territorialmente uniforme. === Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines === Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines esseva initiate in januario 2002. Illa implicava le cooperation inter le fortias statounitese e le fortias armate philippin contra gruppos armate ligate a al-Qaeda, specialmente in le sud del [[Philippinas]]. Le contribution statounitese includeva assistentia, formation, intelligentia e supporto operative. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/online-reading-room/title-list-alphabetically/u/us-navy-operation-enduring-freedom-2001-2002.html |titulo=U.S. Navy in Operation Enduring Freedom, 2001–2002 |sitioweb=Naval History and Heritage Command, U.S. Navy |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa === Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa esseva un operation regional orientate al prevention e disruption del activitate de gruppos terrorista in le [[Corno de Africa]] e in areas maritime vicin. Le operation includeva cooperation con paises partner, formation de fortias local e activitates de securitate maritime. Le [[Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa]] esseva establite in 2002, con sede in [[Djibouti]], pro coordinar plure activitates statounitese e multinational in le region. In 2008, le task force esseva transferite al nove [[United States Africa Command]]. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/wars-conflicts-and-operations/middle-east/operation-enduring-freedom.html |titulo=Operation Enduring Freedom |sitioweb=Naval History and Heritage Command, U.S. Navy |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara === Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara esseva le denomination usate pro le contribution militar statounitese al cooperation antiterrorista in le [[Sahara]] e le region del [[Sahel]]. Illa supportava le cooperation con paises partner in Africa del Nord, Occidental e Central, includente formation, exercitios e disveloppamento del capacitate de securitate. Le operation esseva ligate al [[Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Partnership]], un programma interagential destinate a reforçar le cooperation regional contra gruppos extremista e a augmentar le capacitate del paises participante. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.comptroller.defense.gov/Portals/45/Documents/defbudget/fy2017/FY2017_OCOTF_and_Base_ConOps.pdf |titulo=Fiscal Year 2017 Overseas Contingency Operations |sitioweb=U.S. Department of Defense |accesso=11 de octobre 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250710064856/https://comptroller.defense.gov/Portals/45/Documents/defbudget/fy2017/FY2017_OCOTF_and_Base_ConOps.pdf |archivedate=2025-07-10 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2026-10-11}}</ref> == Fin e transition == Le conclusion official de Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan occurreva al fin de 2014, post plus de dece-tres annos de operationes militar. Le mission sequente, Operation Freedom’s Sentinel, manteneva le supporto al fortias afghan e le effortios antiterrorista, ma sub un denomination e un quadro operative distincte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Article/605332/statement-by-secretary-of-defense-chuck-hagel-on-operation-enduring-freedom-and/ |titulo=Statement by Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel on Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Freedom's Sentinel |sitioweb=U.S. Department of Defense |fecha=28 de decembre 2014 |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le retiro statounitese de Afghanistan esseva completate le 30 de augusto 2021, terminante le presentia militar statounitese in le guerra que habeva comenciate in 2001. Le conflicto, tamen, habeva evolvite durante le annos e includiva actores, fases e objectivos que ultrapassava le periodo formal de Operation Enduring Freedom. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/wars-conflicts-and-operations/middle-east/operation-enduring-freedom.html |titulo=Operation Enduring Freedom |sitioweb=Naval History and Heritage Command, U.S. Navy |accesso=11 de octobre 2026}}</ref> {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Guerra in Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] [[Categoria:Guerra contra le terrorismo]] [[Categoria:Operationes militar involvente le Statos Unite|Libertate Durabile]] [[Categoria:Corpore de Marines del Statos Unite in le seculo 21]] [[Categoria:2001 in Afghanistan]] [[Categoria:Stato Islamic de Afghanistan]] [[Categoria:Operationes antiterrorista|Libertate Durabile]] [[Categoria:Operationes militar del Statos Unite]] [[Categoria:Guerra contra le Terrorismo]] [[Categoria:Guerra in Afghanistan (2001–2021)]] [[Categoria:Historia militar del seculo XXI]] [[Categoria:2001 in Afghanistan]] [[Categoria:Stato Unites in le seculo XXI]] 1phi25yeu7uxku3o6gch6ltq6jlzi7s 0 62375 704877 2026-10-20T08:00:23Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “{{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Union Syndicale Lycéenne''' (USL) es un organisation lycean francese de character syndical que representa e defende le interesses del alumnos del instruction secundari. Create in 2023, illo se presenta como un organisation democratic e inclusive, orientate al defensa del derectos del lyceanos, al melioramento del conditiones de studio e al participation del alumnos in le decisiones concernente le systema educative. Su activitate in...” 704877 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Union Syndicale Lycéenne''' (USL) es un organisation lycean francese de character syndical que representa e defende le interesses del alumnos del instruction secundari. Create in 2023, illo se presenta como un organisation democratic e inclusive, orientate al defensa del derectos del lyceanos, al melioramento del conditiones de studio e al participation del alumnos in le decisiones concernente le systema educative. Su activitate include petitiones, campanias, representation institutional e mobilizationes collective. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://unionlyceenne.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL se inscribe in le continuitate historic del movimento syndical lycean francese, specialmente del Union nationale lycéenne (UNL) e del organisation La Voix lycéenne. Su creation in 2023 esseva presentate como un reunification de plure organisationes lycean, ma iste interpretation esseva contestate per certe sindicatos, includente le Fédération indépendante et démocratique lycéenne (FIDL) e le Mouvement national lycéen (MNL). <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_syndicale_lyc%C3%A9enne |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Wikipedia in francese |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Origines e creation == Le creation del USL se insere in le evolution del syndicalismo lycean francese desde le fin del seculo XX. Le organisationes lycean ha historicamente defendite le derectos del alumnos, le melioramento del conditiones de studio e lor participation in le debates super le reformas del education. In 1993 esseva fundate le Union nationale des élus lycéens (UNEL). In 1994, le organisation adoptava le denomination Union nationale lycéenne (UNL) e assumeva un orientation syndical plus explicite. Le UNL deveniva un del organisationes lycean national le plus cognoscite, participava a mobilizationes contra reformas educational e obteneva representantes in le Conseil supérieur de l'éducation (CSE). <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_syndicale_lyc%C3%A9enne |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Historique |sitioweb=Wikipedia in francese |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le annos 2000 e 2010, le UNL cognosceva divisiones interne. In 2009, un gruppo se separava del organisation sub le denomination UNL-D, que deveniva ulteriormente le Syndicat général des lycéens. In 2016, un altere scission duceva al formation del UNL-SD, que deveniva le MNL. Le UNL cessava su activitate al initio de 2021 e esseva placiate in redressement judicial. In le mesme anno, ex-membros e activistas del UNL initiava La Voix lycéenne (LVL), que se presentava como un continuation del tradition syndical del UNL. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_syndicale_lyc%C3%A9enne |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Union nationale lycéenne |sitioweb=Wikipedia in francese |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 3 de novembre 2023, esseva annunciate le creation del Union syndicale lycéenne, presentate per su initiatores como le resultato del reunification de plure organisationes lycean. Le union includeva activistas e structuras ligate a La Voix lycéenne, al Union pirate lycéenne, al Union lycéenne de France (ULF), al CSTE e a AEB Lycée, inter altere gruppos. Le data del 17 de decembre 2023 figura como data de fundation in le information institutional del organisation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_syndicale_lyc%C3%A9enne |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Naissance et controverse |sitioweb=Wikipedia in francese |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Controverse super le fusion == Le creation del USL esseva accompaniate per un controverse super le character e le extension del fusion annunciate. Le initiatores presentava le nove organisation como un reunification de plure sindicatos lycean. Tamen, le FIDL e le MNL contestava le affirmation que illes habeva fusionate con le USL. Iste distinction es importante pro comprender le organisation del syndicalismo lycean francese: le formation del USL non significava le disparition de tote le organisationes mentionate in le annuncio initial. Le FIDL e le MNL continuava a exister como organisationes distincte. Le presentation del USL como le continuation de un parte del tradition del UNL e del LVL debe dunque esser distinguite del affirmation que tote le sindicatos citate habeva participate in le fusion. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_syndicale_lyc%C3%A9enne |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Naissance et controverse |sitioweb=Wikipedia in francese |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organisation e structura == Le USL es constituite como un association regite per le legislation francese relative al associationes. Illo se presenta como un organisation national que connecte le lyceanos e le structuras local in un rete commun. Le organisation promove le formation de federationes departamental e de structuras local. Secundo su presentation institutional, cata federation pote adaptar su activitate al necessitates del lyceos e del alumnos del territorio, durante que le coordination national facilita le formulation de revendicationes commun e le organisation de actiones a scala plus grande. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://usl-syndicat.fr/ |titulo=L’Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation include activistas, representantes lycean e personas implicate in le defensa del derectos del alumnos. Su activitate pote comprender le preparation de communicatos, le organisation de reuniones, le participation a consultationes institutional e le coordination de mobilizationes. Le USL declara que illo functiona como un organisation democratic, in le qual le lyceanos pote participar in le discussiones e in le definition del revendicationes. Illo incoragia le participation collective sin exigir que tote le membros ha ja experientia in le activitate syndical. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://unionlyceenne.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Nous portons la voix lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Orientation e valores == Le USL se identifica con un orientation de sinistra e presenta su valores como antifascista, feminista, ecologista e collectivista. In su communication institutional, le organisation insiste super le inclusion, le solidaritate e le defensa del derectos del lyceanos. Su positionamento include revendicationes relative al equalitate educational, al lucta contra le discriminationes, al derectos del feminas e del minoritates, e al melioramento del conditiones material del education. Iste valores es declarate per le organisation mesme e describe su orientation public, sin implicar que tote le lyceanos o tote le organisationes educational comparte le mesme positiones. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://unionlyceenne.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Revendicationes educational == Le USL interviene in le debates concernente le organisation del lyceos, le medios del education national e le accesso al instruction superior. Su revendicationes ha evolvite secundo le reformas educational e le problemas signalate per le alumnos. Inter le principal revendicationes publicate per le organisation se trova: * Le augmentation del medios financiari e human del education national; * Le recrutamento de plus professores e personal de supporto; * Le reduction del surcharge del classes; * Le melioramento del edificios e del conditiones material del lyceos; * Le melioramento del information e del accompaniamento in le orientation educational; * Le opposition al systema de selection e admission post-baccalaureato Parcoursup e le demanda de su abrogation; * Le opposition al Service national universel (SNU) obligatori; * Le opposition al generalisation del uniforme in le lyceos; * Le promotion de alimentation biologic e de origine local in le cantinas; * Le melioramento del protection del alumnos contra le violentia sexista e sexual. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/rejoindre/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL tracta iste temas per medio de petitiones, communicationes public, reuniones con le autoritates e actiones collective. Le organisation participa etiam al debates concernente le budget del education e le effectos del reformas super le alumnos. == Parcoursup e accesso al instruction superior == Le opposition a Parcoursup, le platforma francese usate pro le candidatura e admission al formationes post-baccalaureato, es un del positiones central del USL. Le organisation critica le functionamento del platforma in le processo de admission e demanda su abrogation, promovente un altere modelo de orientation e accesso al instruction superior. Le USL argumenta que le lyceanos necessita information plus clar, accompaniamento individual e un systema que non crea incerteza o stress excessive durante le transition inter le lyceo e le instruction superior. Iste position face parte de su programma syndical e es contestate per personas e institutiones que defende le organisation actual del admission post-baccalaureato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/rejoindre/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Mobilizationes e actiones collective == Le USL usa le repertorio traditional del syndicalismo lycean: petitiones, assembleas, tractos, manifestationes, conferentias de pressa e blocages de lyceos. Le organisation considera le mobilization collective como un medio pro facer audir le revendicationes del alumnos e obtener responsas del autoritates. Le participation al mobilizationes varia secundo le contexto national e le situation local. Le blocage de un lyceo es un forma de protestation usate per alcun alumnos e organisationes, ma illo pote etiam provocar controversias concernente le accesso al classes, le securitate e le derecto al education. Le USL ha participate a mobilizationes contra reformas social e educational, includente le movimento contra le reforma del pensiones in 2023. Durante iste periodo, le organisation appoiava le manifestationes e le blocages e associava su revendicationes educational a un opposition plus large al politicas del Governo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_syndicale_lyc%C3%A9enne |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Actions et prises de position |sitioweb=Wikipedia in francese |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Mobilizationes de 2026 == In septembre 2026, le USL deveniva un del principal actores del mobilizationes lycean contra le conditiones de studio e le medios del education national. Le movimento se initiava in le lyceo Saint-Exupéry de Créteil, ubi le alumnos denunciava le absentia de professores e altere problemas del organisation educational, e se extendeva a altere lyceos, specialmente in le region parisian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2026/09/29/high-school-protests-spread-across-france-pitting-radical-left-against-government_6758067_7.html |titulo=High school protests spread across France, pitting radical left against government |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=29 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL appellava al blocage de lyceos in tote le pais le 29 de septembre, in coordination con un die de mobilization del sector public. Su presidente, Ryad Rani, explicava que le organisation voleva extender le protestas a altere territorios perque, secundo le USL, le problemas de personal, edificios e conditiones de studio non esseva limitate al region parisian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/une-convergence-des-luttes-la-principale-organisation-lyceenne-appelle-au-blocage-des-etablissements-ce-mardi-28-09-2026-XI32LU56ERBBBG34JNN2KFQIJ4.php |titulo=Une « convergence des luttes » : la principale organisation lycéenne appelle au blocage des établissements ce mardi |sitioweb=Le Parisien, con AFP |fecha=28 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le revendicationes includeva le falta de professores e personal de supporto, le surcharge del classes, le deterioramento de certe edificios e le stress associate a Parcoursup. Le protestas includeva blocages e manifestationes; in alcun locos esseva signalate incidentes e damnos material. Le autoritates public insisteva super le necessitate de garantir le securitate e le accesso al education, durante que le representantes del USL reclamava plus de medios e un dialogo con le Governo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/live/2026/10/02/en-direct-blocage-des-lycees-1-747-interpellations-ont-eu-lieu-vendredi-en-marge-de-la-mobilisation-lyceenne-contre-1-954-jeudi-annonce-laurent-nunes_6786491_3224.html |titulo=Blocage des lycées : forte mobilisation, violences et dégradations, mouvement reconduit |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 2 de octobre, post un incontro con le Ministro del Education National, le organisationes lycean e de studentes appellava a continuar le mobilizationes, declarando que le discussion non habeva producite sufficiente mesuras concrete. Le USL appoiava le continuation del protestas e le participation al sequente jornata de mobilization. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/grande-manifestation-a-paris-lycees-fermes-a-quoi-sattendre-pour-la-journee-de-mobilisation-du-mouvement-lyceen-le-mardi-6-octobre-2AGW2G3XQRC6FOIGVLLDBL2OHM.php |titulo=Grande manifestation à Paris, lycées fermés, grèves… À quoi s’attendre pour la mobilisation du mardi 6 octobre ? |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=5 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le situation del movimento evolveva durante octobre, con altere actiones e negotiationes inter representantes lycean e le autoritates. Le USL continuava a reclamar un augmento del medios del education e un melioramento del conditiones de studio, durante que le Governo annunciava que illo examinava mesuras concernente le reimplaciamento del professores e le organisation del education. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/colere-des-lyceens-lintersyndicale-etudiante-et-professionnelle-appelle-a-une-journee-de-greve-le-13-octobre-08-10-2026-UQUJS4MAKBGL7MWUJHTYAJS2HE.php |titulo=Colère des lycéens : l’intersyndicale étudiante et professionnelle appelle à une journée de grève le 13 octobre |sitioweb=Le Parisien, con AFP |fecha=8 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relationes con le partidos politic == Le USL se presenta como un organisation syndical lycean independente, ma su orientation ideologic e su participation a mobilizationes politic ha provocate discussiones super su relationes con le partidos de sinistra. Durante le periodo post le dissolution del Assemblea National francese in 2024, le organisation appoiava le programma del Nove Fronte Popular contra le extreme dextera, considerante que illo correspondeva plus a su revendicationes educational e social. Le USL ha etiam collaborate e participate a actiones con altere organisationes de studentes e syndical. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_syndicale_lyc%C3%A9enne |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Positionnement |sitioweb=Wikipedia in francese |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In 2026, le presidente del USL, Ryad Rani, deveniva un figura public del mobilizationes lycean. Su activitate e su relationes con le actores politic esseva discutite in le medios, includente referentias a su participation anterior in un lista electoral local. Rani ha declarate que ille non se considera un representante de un partido, ben que ille assume positiones politic e participa a debates public. Iste questiones face parte del discussion public super le relation inter syndicalismo lycean e politica partidari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20261002.OBS118835/qui-est-ryad-rani-le-president-de-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne-devenu-une-figure-du-blocus-de-lycees.html |titulo=Qui est Ryad Rani, le président de l’Union syndicale lycéenne devenu une figure du blocus de lycées ? |sitioweb=Le Nouvel Obs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relation con altere organisationes lycean == Le USL opera in un ambiente in le qual plure organisationes representa le lyceanos. Inter le organisationes active se trova le FIDL, le MNL e le Syndicat national lycéen (SNL), assi como altere collectivos e listas local. Le relationes inter iste organisationes combina cooperation in certe mobilizationes e divergentias concernente le strategias, le representation e le organisation del syndicalismo lycean. Le controverse super le fusion de 2023 es un exemplo de iste divergentias. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syndicat_lyc%C3%A9en |titulo=Syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Wikipedia in francese |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Financiamento == Como association declarate, le USL indica que su recursos pote provenir de cotisationes de membros, donationes e subvenciones. Le organisation propone differente formas de adhesion, includente tarifas reducite o contributiones libere, pro facilitar le participation del lyceanos independentemente de lor situation economic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/rejoindre/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Importancia in le syndicalismo lycean == Le Union syndicale lycéenne es un del organisationes national del syndicalismo lycean francese. Su formation in 2023 reflecte le tentativa de reunir plure collectivos e de crear un structura national capabile de coordinar le revendicationes del alumnos. Su activitate combina le representation institutional con le action collective e le mobilizationes. Le evolution del USL depende de su capacitate de mantener su rete local, de representar le differente experientias del lyceanos e de influentiar le debates super le education secundari e le accesso al instruction superior. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://unionlyceenne.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/rejoindre/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_syndicale_lyc%C3%A9enne |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Wikipedia in francese |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2026/09/29/high-school-protests-spread-across-france-pitting-radical-left-against-government_6758067_7.html |titulo=High school protests spread across France, pitting radical left against government |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=29 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/une-convergence-des-luttes-la-principale-organisation-lyceenne-appelle-au-blocage-des-etablissements-ce-mardi-28-09-2026-XI32LU56ERBBBG34JNN2KFQIJ4.php |titulo=Une « convergence des luttes » : la principale organisation lycéenne appelle au blocage des établissements ce mardi |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=28 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/live/2026/10/02/en-direct-blocage-des-lycees-1-747-interpellations-ont-eu-lieu-vendredi-en-marge-de-la-mobilisation-lyceenne-contre-1-954-jeudi-annonce-laurent-nunes_6786491_3224.html |titulo=Blocage des lycées : forte mobilisation, violences et dégradations, mouvement reconduit |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20261002.OBS118835/qui-est-ryad-rani-le-president-de-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne-devenu-une-figure-du-blocus-de-lycees.html |titulo=Qui est Ryad Rani, le président de l’Union syndicale lycéenne devenu une figure du blocus de lycées ? |sitioweb=Le Nouvel Obs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/colere-des-lyceens-lintersyndicale-etudiante-et-professionnelle-appelle-a-une-journee-de-greve-le-13-octobre-08-10-2026-UQUJS4MAKBGL7MWUJHTYAJS2HE.php |titulo=Colère des lycéens : l’intersyndicale étudiante et professionnelle appelle à une journée de grève le 13 octobre |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=8 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Organisatos lycean in Francia]] [[Categoria:Organisatos syndical in Francia]] 6tx634n5v788xpttc17m3wcdrohgcpb 704878 704877 2026-10-20T08:02:23Z Interlingvisto 60932 704878 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Union Syndicale Lycéenne''' (USL) es un organisation lycean francese de character syndical que representa e defende le interesses del alumnos del instruction secundari. Create in 2023, illo se presenta como un organisation democratic e inclusive, orientate al defensa del derectos del lyceanos, al melioramento del conditiones de studio e al participation del alumnos in le decisiones concernente le systema educative. Su activitate include petitiones, campanias, representation institutional e mobilizationes collective. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Nous portons la voix lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL se inscribe in le continuitate historic del movimento syndical lycean francese, specialmente del Union nationale lycéenne (UNL) e del organisation La Voix lycéenne. Su creation in 2023 esseva presentate como un reunification de plure organisationes lycean, ma iste interpretation esseva contestate per certe sindicatos, includente le Fédération indépendante et démocratique lycéenne (FIDL) e le Mouvement national lycéen (MNL). <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/societe/education/education-un-nouveau-syndicat-lyceen-voit-le-jour-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne_6161173.html |titulo=Éducation : un nouveau syndicat lycéen voit le jour, l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Franceinfo |fecha=3 de novembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Origines e creation == Le creation del USL se insere in le evolution del syndicalismo lycean francese desde le fin del seculo XX. Le organisationes lycean ha historicamente defendite le derectos del alumnos, le melioramento del conditiones de studio e lor participation in le debates super le reformas del education. In 1993 esseva fundate le Union nationale des élus lycéens (UNEL). In 1994, le organisation adoptava le denomination Union nationale lycéenne (UNL) e assumeva un orientation syndical plus explicite. Le UNL deveniva un del organisationes lycean national le plus cognoscite, participava a mobilizationes contra reformas educational e obteneva representantes in le Conseil supérieur de l'éducation (CSE). <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.letudiant.fr/educmedias/les-syndicats-lyceens-comment-ca-marche.html |titulo=Les syndicats lycéens, comment ça marche ? |sitioweb=L'Étudiant |fecha=18 de novembre 2021 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le annos 2000 e 2010, le UNL cognosceva divisiones interne. In 2009, un gruppo se separava del organisation sub le denomination UNL-D, que deveniva ulteriormente le Syndicat général des lycéens. In 2016, un altere scission duceva al formation del UNL-SD, que deveniva le MNL. Le UNL cessava su activitate al initio de 2021 e esseva placiate in redressement judicial. In le mesme anno, ex-membros e activistas del UNL initiava La Voix lycéenne (LVL), que se presentava como un continuation del tradition syndical del UNL. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.helloasso.com/associations/la-voix-lyceenne |titulo=La Voix Lycéenne — Qui sommes-nous ? |sitioweb=HelloAsso |fecha=7 de novembre 2021 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 3 de novembre 2023, esseva annunciate le creation del Union syndicale lycéenne, presentate per su initiatores como le resultato del reunification de plure organisationes lycean. Le union includeva activistas e structuras ligate a La Voix lycéenne, al Union pirate lycéenne, al Union lycéenne de France (ULF), al CSTE e a AEB Lycée, inter altere gruppos. Le data del 17 de decembre 2023 figura como data de fundation official del organisation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.journal-officiel.gouv.fr/pages/associations-detail-annonce/?q.id=id:202300511847 |titulo=Annonce de création de l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Journal officiel de la République française |fecha=19 de decembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Controverse super le fusion == Le creation del USL esseva accompaniate per un controverse super le character e le extension del fusion annunciate. Le initiatores presentava le nove organisation como un reunification de plure sindicatos lycean. Tamen, le FIDL e le MNL contestava le affirmation que illes habeva fusionate con le USL. Iste distinction es importante pro comprender le organisation del syndicalismo lycean francese: le formation del USL non significava le disparition de tote le organisationes mentionate in le annuncio initial. Le FIDL e le MNL continuava a exister como organisationes distincte. Le presentation del USL como le continuation de un parte del tradition del UNL e del LVL debe dunque esser distinguite del affirmation que tote le sindicatos citate habeva participate in le fusion. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/societe/education/education-un-nouveau-syndicat-lyceen-voit-le-jour-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne_6161173.html |titulo=Éducation : un nouveau syndicat lycéen voit le jour, l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Franceinfo |fecha=3 de novembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organisation e structura == Le USL es constituite como un association regite per le legislation francese relative al associationes. Illo se presenta como un organisation national que connecte le lyceanos e le structuras local in un rete commun. Le organisation promove le formation de federationes departamental e de structuras local. Secundo su presentation institutional, cata federation pote adaptar su activitate al necessitates del lyceos e del alumnos del territorio, durante que le coordination national facilita le formulation de revendicationes commun e le organisation de actiones a scala plus grande. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=L’Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation include activistas, representantes lycean e personas implicate in le defensa del derectos del alumnos. Su activitate pote comprender le preparation de communicatos, le organisation de reuniones, le participation a consultationes institutional e le coordination de mobilizationes. Le USL declara que illo functiona como un organisation democratic, in le qual le lyceanos pote participar in le discussiones e in le definition del revendicationes. Illo incoragia le participation collective sin exigir que tote le membros ha ja experientia in le activitate syndical. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Nous portons la voix lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Orientation e valores == Le USL se identifica con un orientation de sinistra e presenta su valores como antifascista, feminista, ecologista e collectivista. In su communication institutional, le organisation insiste super le inclusion, le solidaritate e le defensa del derectos del lyceanos. Su positionamento include revendicationes relative al equalitate educational, al lucta contra le discriminationes, al derectos del feminas e del minoritates, e al melioramento del conditiones material del education. Iste valores es declarate per le organisation mesme e describe su orientation public, sin implicar que tote le lyceanos o tote le organisationes educational comparte le mesme positiones. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Revendicationes educational == Le USL interviene in le debates concernente le organisation del lyceos, le medios del education national e le accesso al instruction superior. Su revendicationes ha evolvite secundo le reformas educational e le problemas signalate per le alumnos. Inter le principal revendicationes publicate per le organisation se trova: * Le augmentation del medios financiari e human del education national; * Le recrutamento de plus professores e personal de supporto; * Le reduction del surcharge del classes; * Le melioramento del edificios e del conditiones material del lyceos; * Le melioramento del information e del accompaniamento in le orientation educational; * Le opposition al systema de selection e admission post-baccalaureato Parcoursup e le demanda de su abrogation; * Le opposition al Service national universel (SNU) obligatori; * Le opposition al generalisation del uniforme in le lyceos; * Le promotion de alimentation biologic e de origine local in le cantinas; * Le melioramento del protection del alumnos contra le violentia sexista e sexual. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL tracta iste temas per medio de petitiones, communicationes public, reuniones con le autoritates e actiones collective. Le organisation participa etiam al debates concernente le budget del education e le effectos del reformas super le alumnos. == Parcoursup e accesso al instruction superior == Le opposition a Parcoursup, le platforma francese usate pro le candidatura e admission al formationes post-baccalaureato, es un del positiones central del USL. Le organisation critica le functionamento del platforma in le processo de admission e demanda su abrogation, promovente un altere modelo de orientation e accesso al instruction superior. Le USL argumenta que le lyceanos necessita information plus clar, accompaniamento individual e un systema que non crea incerteza o stress excessive durante le transition inter le lyceo e le instruction superior. Iste position face parte de su programma syndical e es contestate per personas e institutiones que defende le organisation actual del admission post-baccalaureato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Mobilizationes e actiones collective == Le USL usa le repertorio traditional del syndicalismo lycean: petitiones, assembleas, tractos, manifestationes, conferentias de pressa e blocages de lyceos. Le organisation considera le mobilization collective como un medio pro facer audir le revendicationes del alumnos e obtener responsas del autoritates. Le participation al mobilizationes varia secundo le contexto national e le situation local. Le blocage de un lyceo es un forma de protestation usate per alcun alumnos e organisationes, ma illo pote etiam provocar controversias concernente le accesso al classes, le securitate e le derecto al education. Le USL ha participate a mobilizationes contra reformas social e educational, includente le movimento contra le reforma del pensiones in 2023. Durante iste periodo, le organisation appoiava le manifestationes e le blocages e associava su revendicationes educational a un opposition plus large al politicas del Governo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2026/09/29/high-school-protests-spread-across-france-pitting-radical-left-against-government_6758067_7.html |titulo=High school protests spread across France, pitting radical left against government |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=29 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Mobilizationes de 2026 == In septembre 2026, le USL deveniva un del principal actores del mobilizationes lycean contra le conditiones de studio e le medios del education national. Le movimento se initiava in le lyceo Saint-Exupéry de Créteil, ubi le alumnos denunciava le absentia de professores e altere problemas del organisation educational, e se extendeva a altere lyceos, specialmente in le region parisian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2026/09/29/high-school-protests-spread-across-france-pitting-radical-left-against-government_6758067_7.html |titulo=High school protests spread across France, pitting radical left against government |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=29 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL appellava al blocage de lyceos in tote le pais le 29 de septembre, in coordination con un die de mobilization del sector public. Su presidente, Ryad Rani, explicava que le organisation voleva extender le protestas a altere territorios perque, secundo le USL, le problemas de personal, edificios e conditiones de studio non esseva limitate al region parisian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/une-convergence-des-luttes-la-principale-organisation-lyceenne-appelle-au-blocage-des-etablissements-ce-mardi-28-09-2026-XI32LU56ERBBBG34JNN2KFQIJ4.php |titulo=Une « convergence des luttes » : la principale organisation lycéenne appelle au blocage des établissements ce mardi |sitioweb=Le Parisien, con AFP |fecha=28 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le revendicationes includeva le falta de professores e personal de supporto, le surcharge del classes, le deterioramento de certe edificios e le stress associate a Parcoursup. Le protestas includeva blocages e manifestationes; in alcun locos esseva signalate incidentes e damnos material. Le autoritates public insisteva super le necessitate de garantir le securitate e le accesso al education, durante que le representantes del USL reclamava plus de medios e un dialogo con le Governo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/live/2026/10/02/en-direct-blocage-des-lycees-1-747-interpellations-ont-eu-lieu-vendredi-en-marge-de-la-mobilisation-lyceenne-contre-1-954-jeudi-annonce-laurent-nunes_6786491_3224.html |titulo=Blocage des lycées : forte mobilisation, violences et dégradations, mouvement reconduit |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 2 de octobre, post un incontro con le Ministro del Education National, le organisationes lycean e de studentes appellava a continuar le mobilizationes, declarando que le discussion non habeva producite sufficiente mesuras concrete. Le USL appoiava le continuation del protestas e le participation al sequente jornata de mobilization. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/grande-manifestation-a-paris-lycees-fermes-a-quoi-sattendre-pour-la-journee-de-mobilisation-du-mouvement-lyceen-le-mardi-6-octobre-2AGW2G3XQRC6FOIGVLLDBL2OHM.php |titulo=Grande manifestation à Paris, lycées fermés, grèves… À quoi s’attendre pour la mobilisation du mardi 6 octobre ? |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=5 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le situation del movimento evolveva durante octobre, con altere actiones e negotiationes inter representantes lycean e le autoritates. Le USL continuava a reclamar un augmento del medios del education e un melioramento del conditiones de studio, durante que le Governo annunciava que illo examinava mesuras concernente le reimplaciamento del professores e le organisation del education. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/colere-des-lyceens-lintersyndicale-etudiante-et-professionnelle-appelle-a-une-journee-de-greve-le-13-octobre-08-10-2026-UQUJS4MAKBGL7MWUJHTYAJS2HE.php |titulo=Colère des lycéens : l’intersyndicale étudiante et professionnelle appelle à une journée de grève le 13 octobre |sitioweb=Le Parisien, con AFP |fecha=8 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relationes con le partidos politic == Le USL se presenta como un organisation syndical lycean independente, ma su orientation ideologic e su participation a mobilizationes politic ha provocate discussiones super su relationes con le partidos de sinistra. Durante le periodo post le dissolution del Assemblea National francese in 2024, le organisation appoiava le programma del Nove Fronte Popular contra le extreme dextera, considerante que illo correspondeva plus a su revendicationes educational e social. Le USL ha etiam collaborate e participate a actiones con altere organisationes de studentes e syndical. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20261002.OBS118835/qui-est-ryad-rani-le-president-de-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne-devenu-une-figure-du-blocus-de-lycees.html |titulo=Qui est Ryad Rani, le président de l’Union syndicale lycéenne devenu une figure du blocus de lycées ? |sitioweb=Le Nouvel Obs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In 2026, le presidente del USL, Ryad Rani, deveniva un figura public del mobilizationes lycean. Su activitate e su relationes con le actores politic esseva discutite in le medios, includente referentias a su participation anterior in un lista electoral local. Rani ha declarate que ille non se considera un representante de un partido, ben que ille assume positiones politic e participa a debates public. Iste questiones face parte del discussion public super le relation inter syndicalismo lycean e politica partidari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20261002.OBS118835/qui-est-ryad-rani-le-president-de-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne-devenu-une-figure-du-blocus-de-lycees.html |titulo=Qui est Ryad Rani, le président de l’Union syndicale lycéenne devenu une figure du blocus de lycées ? |sitioweb=Le Nouvel Obs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relation con altere organisationes lycean == Le USL opera in un ambiente in le qual plure organisationes representa le lyceanos. Inter le organisationes active se trova le FIDL, le MNL e le Syndicat national lycéen (SNL), assi como altere collectivos e listas local. Le relationes inter iste organisationes combina cooperation in certe mobilizationes e divergentias concernente le strategias, le representation e le organisation del syndicalismo lycean. Le controverse super le fusion de 2023 es un exemplo de iste divergentias. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/societe/education/education-un-nouveau-syndicat-lyceen-voit-le-jour-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne_6161173.html |titulo=Éducation : un nouveau syndicat lycéen voit le jour, l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Franceinfo |fecha=3 de novembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Financiamento == Como association declarate, le USL indica que su recursos pote provenir de cotisationes de membros, donationes e subvenciones. Le organisation propone differente formas de adhesion, includente tarifas reducite o contributiones libere, pro facilitar le participation del lyceanos independentemente de lor situation economic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Importancia in le syndicalismo lycean == Le Union syndicale lycéenne es un del organisationes national del syndicalismo lycean francese. Su formation in 2023 reflecte le tentativa de reunir plure collectivos e de crear un structura national capabile de coordinar le revendicationes del alumnos. Su activitate combina le representation institutional con le action collective e le mobilizationes. Le evolution del USL depende de su capacitate de mantener su rete local, de representar le differente experientias del lyceanos e de influentiar le debates super le education secundari e le accesso al instruction superior. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/societe/education/education-un-nouveau-syndicat-lyceen-voit-le-jour-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne_6161173.html |titulo=Éducation : un nouveau syndicat lycéen voit le jour, l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Franceinfo |fecha=3 de novembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2026/09/29/high-school-protests-spread-across-france-pitting-radical-left-against-government_6758067_7.html |titulo=High school protests spread across France, pitting radical left against government |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=29 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/une-convergence-des-luttes-la-principale-organisation-lyceenne-appelle-au-blocage-des-etablissements-ce-mardi-28-09-2026-XI32LU56ERBBBG34JNN2KFQIJ4.php |titulo=Une « convergence des luttes » : la principale organisation lycéenne appelle au blocage des établissements ce mardi |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=28 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/live/2026/10/02/en-direct-blocage-des-lycees-1-747-interpellations-ont-eu-lieu-vendredi-en-marge-de-la-mobilisation-lyceenne-contre-1-954-jeudi-annonce-laurent-nunes_6786491_3224.html |titulo=Blocage des lycées : forte mobilisation, violences et dégradations, mouvement reconduit |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20261002.OBS118835/qui-est-ryad-rani-le-president-de-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne-devenu-une-figure-du-blocus-de-lycees.html |titulo=Qui est Ryad Rani, le président de l’Union syndicale lycéenne devenu une figure du blocus de lycées ? |sitioweb=Le Nouvel Obs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/colere-des-lyceens-lintersyndicale-etudiante-et-professionnelle-appelle-a-une-journee-de-greve-le-13-octobre-08-10-2026-UQUJS4MAKBGL7MWUJHTYAJS2HE.php |titulo=Colère des lycéens : l’intersyndicale étudiante et professionnelle appelle à une journée de grève le 13 octobre |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=8 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Organisatos lycean in Francia]] [[Categoria:Organisatos syndical in Francia]] j2b3s3d8mrhjkr9g2rtdr77wqqpqlpb 704879 704878 2026-10-20T08:03:08Z Interlingvisto 60932 704879 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Union Syndicale Lycéenne''' (USL) es un organisation lycean francese de character syndical que representa e defende le interesses del alumnos del instruction secundari. Create in 2023, illo se presenta como un organisation democratic e inclusive, orientate al defensa del derectos del lyceanos, al melioramento del conditiones de studio e al participation del alumnos in le decisiones concernente le systema educative. Su activitate include petitiones, campanias, representation institutional e mobilizationes collective. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Nous portons la voix lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL se inscribe in le continuitate historic del movimento syndical lycean francese, specialmente del Union nationale lycéenne (UNL) e del organisation La Voix lycéenne. Su creation in 2023 esseva presentate como un reunification de plure organisationes lycean, ma iste interpretation esseva contestate per certe sindicatos, includente le Fédération indépendante et démocratique lycéenne (FIDL) e le Mouvement national lycéen (MNL). <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/societe/education/education-un-nouveau-syndicat-lyceen-voit-le-jour-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne_6161173.html |titulo=Éducation : un nouveau syndicat lycéen voit le jour, l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Franceinfo |fecha=3 de novembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Origines e creation == Le creation del USL se insere in le evolution del syndicalismo lycean francese desde le fin del seculo XX. Le organisationes lycean ha historicamente defendite le derectos del alumnos, le melioramento del conditiones de studio e lor participation in le debates super le reformas del education. In 1993 esseva fundate le Union nationale des élus lycéens (UNEL). In 1994, le organisation adoptava le denomination Union nationale lycéenne (UNL) e assumeva un orientation syndical plus explicite. Le UNL deveniva un del organisationes lycean national le plus cognoscite, participava a mobilizationes contra reformas educational e obteneva representantes in le Conseil supérieur de l'éducation (CSE). <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.letudiant.fr/educmedias/les-syndicats-lyceens-comment-ca-marche.html |titulo=Les syndicats lycéens, comment ça marche ? |sitioweb=L'Étudiant |fecha=18 de novembre 2021 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le annos 2000 e 2010, le UNL cognosceva divisiones interne. In 2009, un gruppo se separava del organisation sub le denomination UNL-D, que deveniva ulteriormente le Syndicat général des lycéens. In 2016, un altere scission duceva al formation del UNL-SD, que deveniva le MNL. Le UNL cessava su activitate al initio de 2021 e esseva placiate in redressement judicial. In le mesme anno, ex-membros e activistas del UNL initiava La Voix lycéenne (LVL), que se presentava como un continuation del tradition syndical del UNL. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.helloasso.com/associations/la-voix-lyceenne |titulo=La Voix Lycéenne — Qui sommes-nous ? |sitioweb=HelloAsso |fecha=7 de novembre 2021 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 3 de novembre 2023, esseva annunciate le creation del Union syndicale lycéenne, presentate per su initiatores como le resultato del reunification de plure organisationes lycean. Le union includeva activistas e structuras ligate a La Voix lycéenne, al Union pirate lycéenne, al Union lycéenne de France (ULF), al CSTE e a AEB Lycée, inter altere gruppos. Le data del 17 de decembre 2023 figura como data de fundation official del organisation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.journal-officiel.gouv.fr/pages/associations-detail-annonce/?q.id=id:202300511847 |titulo=Annonce de création de l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Journal officiel de la République française |fecha=19 de decembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Controverse super le fusion == Le creation del USL esseva accompaniate per un controverse super le character e le extension del fusion annunciate. Le initiatores presentava le nove organisation como un reunification de plure sindicatos lycean. Tamen, le FIDL e le MNL contestava le affirmation que illes habeva fusionate con le USL. Iste distinction es importante pro comprender le organisation del syndicalismo lycean francese: le formation del USL non significava le disparition de tote le organisationes mentionate in le annuncio initial. Le FIDL e le MNL continuava a exister como organisationes distincte. Le presentation del USL como le continuation de un parte del tradition del UNL e del LVL debe dunque esser distinguite del affirmation que tote le sindicatos citate habeva participate in le fusion. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/societe/education/education-un-nouveau-syndicat-lyceen-voit-le-jour-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne_6161173.html |titulo=Éducation : un nouveau syndicat lycéen voit le jour, l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Franceinfo |fecha=3 de novembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organisation e structura == Le USL es constituite como un association regite per le legislation francese relative al associationes. Illo se presenta como un organisation national que connecte le lyceanos e le structuras local in un rete commun. Le organisation promove le formation de federationes departamental e de structuras local. Secundo su presentation institutional, cata federation pote adaptar su activitate al necessitates del lyceos e del alumnos del territorio, durante que le coordination national facilita le formulation de revendicationes commun e le organisation de actiones a scala plus grande. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=L’Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation include activistas, representantes lycean e personas implicate in le defensa del derectos del alumnos. Su activitate pote comprender le preparation de communicatos, le organisation de reuniones, le participation a consultationes institutional e le coordination de mobilizationes. Le USL declara que illo functiona como un organisation democratic, in le qual le lyceanos pote participar in le discussiones e in le definition del revendicationes. Illo incoragia le participation collective sin exigir que tote le membros ha ja experientia in le activitate syndical. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Nous portons la voix lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Orientation e valores == Le USL se identifica con un orientation de sinistra e presenta su valores como antifascista, feminista, ecologista e collectivista. In su communication institutional, le organisation insiste super le inclusion, le solidaritate e le defensa del derectos del lyceanos. Su positionamento include revendicationes relative al equalitate educational, al lucta contra le discriminationes, al derectos del feminas e del minoritates, e al melioramento del conditiones material del education. Iste valores es declarate per le organisation mesme e describe su orientation public, sin implicar que tote le lyceanos o tote le organisationes educational comparte le mesme positiones. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Revendicationes educational == Le USL interviene in le debates concernente le organisation del lyceos, le medios del education national e le accesso al instruction superior. Su revendicationes ha evolvite secundo le reformas educational e le problemas signalate per le alumnos. Inter le principal revendicationes publicate per le organisation se trova: * Le augmentation del medios financiari e human del education national; * Le recrutamento de plus professores e personal de supporto; * Le reduction del surcharge del classes; * Le melioramento del edificios e del conditiones material del lyceos; * Le melioramento del information e del accompaniamento in le orientation educational; * Le opposition al systema de selection e admission post-baccalaureato Parcoursup e le demanda de su abrogation; * Le opposition al Service national universel (SNU) obligatori; * Le opposition al generalisation del uniforme in le lyceos; * Le promotion de alimentation biologic e de origine local in le cantinas; * Le melioramento del protection del alumnos contra le violentia sexista e sexual. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL tracta iste temas per medio de petitiones, communicationes public, reuniones con le autoritates e actiones collective. Le organisation participa etiam al debates concernente le budget del education e le effectos del reformas super le alumnos. == Parcoursup e accesso al instruction superior == Le opposition a Parcoursup, le platforma francese usate pro le candidatura e admission al formationes post-baccalaureato, es un del positiones central del USL. Le organisation critica le functionamento del platforma in le processo de admission e demanda su abrogation, promovente un altere modelo de orientation e accesso al instruction superior. Le USL argumenta que le lyceanos necessita information plus clar, accompaniamento individual e un systema que non crea incerteza o stress excessive durante le transition inter le lyceo e le instruction superior. Iste position face parte de su programma syndical e es contestate per personas e institutiones que defende le organisation actual del admission post-baccalaureato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Mobilizationes e actiones collective == Le USL usa le repertorio traditional del syndicalismo lycean: petitiones, assembleas, tractos, manifestationes, conferentias de pressa e blocages de lyceos. Le organisation considera le mobilization collective como un medio pro facer audir le revendicationes del alumnos e obtener responsas del autoritates. Le participation al mobilizationes varia secundo le contexto national e le situation local. Le blocage de un lyceo es un forma de protestation usate per alcun alumnos e organisationes, ma illo pote etiam provocar controversias concernente le accesso al classes, le securitate e le derecto al education. Le USL ha participate a mobilizationes contra reformas social e educational, includente le movimento contra le reforma del pensiones in 2023. Durante iste periodo, le organisation appoiava le manifestationes e le blocages e associava su revendicationes educational a un opposition plus large al politicas del Governo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2026/09/29/high-school-protests-spread-across-france-pitting-radical-left-against-government_6758067_7.html |titulo=High school protests spread across France, pitting radical left against government |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=29 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Mobilizationes de 2026 == In septembre 2026, le USL deveniva un del principal actores del mobilizationes lycean contra le conditiones de studio e le medios del education national. Le movimento se initiava in le lyceo Saint-Exupéry de Créteil, ubi le alumnos denunciava le absentia de professores e altere problemas del organisation educational, e se extendeva a altere lyceos, specialmente in le region parisian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2026/09/29/high-school-protests-spread-across-france-pitting-radical-left-against-government_6758067_7.html |titulo=High school protests spread across France, pitting radical left against government |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=29 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL appellava al blocage de lyceos in tote le pais le 29 de septembre, in coordination con un die de mobilization del sector public. Su presidente, Ryad Rani, explicava que le organisation voleva extender le protestas a altere territorios perque, secundo le USL, le problemas de personal, edificios e conditiones de studio non esseva limitate al region parisian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/une-convergence-des-luttes-la-principale-organisation-lyceenne-appelle-au-blocage-des-etablissements-ce-mardi-28-09-2026-XI32LU56ERBBBG34JNN2KFQIJ4.php |titulo=Une « convergence des luttes » : la principale organisation lycéenne appelle au blocage des établissements ce mardi |sitioweb=Le Parisien, con AFP |fecha=28 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le revendicationes includeva le falta de professores e personal de supporto, le surcharge del classes, le deterioramento de certe edificios e le stress associate a Parcoursup. Le protestas includeva blocages e manifestationes; in alcun locos esseva signalate incidentes e damnos material. Le autoritates public insisteva super le necessitate de garantir le securitate e le accesso al education, durante que le representantes del USL reclamava plus de medios e un dialogo con le Governo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/live/2026/10/02/en-direct-blocage-des-lycees-1-747-interpellations-ont-eu-lieu-vendredi-en-marge-de-la-mobilisation-lyceenne-contre-1-954-jeudi-annonce-laurent-nunes_6786491_3224.html |titulo=Blocage des lycées : forte mobilisation, violences et dégradations, mouvement reconduit |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 2 de octobre, post un incontro con le Ministro del Education National, le organisationes lycean e de studentes appellava a continuar le mobilizationes, declarando que le discussion non habeva producite sufficiente mesuras concrete. Le USL appoiava le continuation del protestas e le participation al sequente jornata de mobilization. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/grande-manifestation-a-paris-lycees-fermes-a-quoi-sattendre-pour-la-journee-de-mobilisation-du-mouvement-lyceen-le-mardi-6-octobre-2AGW2G3XQRC6FOIGVLLDBL2OHM.php |titulo=Grande manifestation à Paris, lycées fermés, grèves… À quoi s’attendre pour la mobilisation du mardi 6 octobre ? |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=5 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le situation del movimento evolveva durante octobre, con altere actiones e negotiationes inter representantes lycean e le autoritates. Le USL continuava a reclamar un augmento del medios del education e un melioramento del conditiones de studio, durante que le Governo annunciava que illo examinava mesuras concernente le reimplaciamento del professores e le organisation del education. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/colere-des-lyceens-lintersyndicale-etudiante-et-professionnelle-appelle-a-une-journee-de-greve-le-13-octobre-08-10-2026-UQUJS4MAKBGL7MWUJHTYAJS2HE.php |titulo=Colère des lycéens : l’intersyndicale étudiante et professionnelle appelle à une journée de grève le 13 octobre |sitioweb=Le Parisien, con AFP |fecha=8 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relationes con le partidos politic == Le USL se presenta como un organisation syndical lycean independente, ma su orientation ideologic e su participation a mobilizationes politic ha provocate discussiones super su relationes con le partidos de sinistra. Durante le periodo post le dissolution del Assemblea National francese in 2024, le organisation appoiava le programma del Nove Fronte Popular contra le extreme dextera, considerante que illo correspondeva plus a su revendicationes educational e social. Le USL ha etiam collaborate e participate a actiones con altere organisationes de studentes e syndical. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20261002.OBS118835/qui-est-ryad-rani-le-president-de-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne-devenu-une-figure-du-blocus-de-lycees.html |titulo=Qui est Ryad Rani, le président de l’Union syndicale lycéenne devenu une figure du blocus de lycées ? |sitioweb=Le Nouvel Obs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In 2026, le presidente del USL, Ryad Rani, deveniva un figura public del mobilizationes lycean. Su activitate e su relationes con le actores politic esseva discutite in le medios, includente referentias a su participation anterior in un lista electoral local. Rani ha declarate que ille non se considera un representante de un partido, ben que ille assume positiones politic e participa a debates public. Iste questiones face parte del discussion public super le relation inter syndicalismo lycean e politica partidari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20261002.OBS118835/qui-est-ryad-rani-le-president-de-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne-devenu-une-figure-du-blocus-de-lycees.html |titulo=Qui est Ryad Rani, le président de l’Union syndicale lycéenne devenu une figure du blocus de lycées ? |sitioweb=Le Nouvel Obs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relation con altere organisationes lycean == Le USL opera in un ambiente in le qual plure organisationes representa le lyceanos. Inter le organisationes active se trova le FIDL, le MNL e le Syndicat national lycéen (SNL), assi como altere collectivos e listas local. Le relationes inter iste organisationes combina cooperation in certe mobilizationes e divergentias concernente le strategias, le representation e le organisation del syndicalismo lycean. Le controverse super le fusion de 2023 es un exemplo de iste divergentias. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/societe/education/education-un-nouveau-syndicat-lyceen-voit-le-jour-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne_6161173.html |titulo=Éducation : un nouveau syndicat lycéen voit le jour, l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Franceinfo |fecha=3 de novembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Financiamento == Como association declarate, le USL indica que su recursos pote provenir de cotisationes de membros, donationes e subvenciones. Le organisation propone differente formas de adhesion, includente tarifas reducite o contributiones libere, pro facilitar le participation del lyceanos independentemente de lor situation economic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Importancia in le syndicalismo lycean == Le Union syndicale lycéenne es un del organisationes national del syndicalismo lycean francese. Su formation in 2023 reflecte le tentativa de reunir plure collectivos e de crear un structura national capabile de coordinar le revendicationes del alumnos. Su activitate combina le representation institutional con le action collective e le mobilizationes. Le evolution del USL depende de su capacitate de mantener su rete local, de representar le differente experientias del lyceanos e de influentiar le debates super le education secundari e le accesso al instruction superior. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/societe/education/education-un-nouveau-syndicat-lyceen-voit-le-jour-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne_6161173.html |titulo=Éducation : un nouveau syndicat lycéen voit le jour, l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Franceinfo |fecha=3 de novembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2026/09/29/high-school-protests-spread-across-france-pitting-radical-left-against-government_6758067_7.html |titulo=High school protests spread across France, pitting radical left against government |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=29 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/une-convergence-des-luttes-la-principale-organisation-lyceenne-appelle-au-blocage-des-etablissements-ce-mardi-28-09-2026-XI32LU56ERBBBG34JNN2KFQIJ4.php |titulo=Une « convergence des luttes » : la principale organisation lycéenne appelle au blocage des établissements ce mardi |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=28 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/live/2026/10/02/en-direct-blocage-des-lycees-1-747-interpellations-ont-eu-lieu-vendredi-en-marge-de-la-mobilisation-lyceenne-contre-1-954-jeudi-annonce-laurent-nunes_6786491_3224.html |titulo=Blocage des lycées : forte mobilisation, violences et dégradations, mouvement reconduit |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20261002.OBS118835/qui-est-ryad-rani-le-president-de-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne-devenu-une-figure-du-blocus-de-lycees.html |titulo=Qui est Ryad Rani, le président de l’Union syndicale lycéenne devenu une figure du blocus de lycées ? |sitioweb=Le Nouvel Obs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/colere-des-lyceens-lintersyndicale-etudiante-et-professionnelle-appelle-a-une-journee-de-greve-le-13-octobre-08-10-2026-UQUJS4MAKBGL7MWUJHTYAJS2HE.php |titulo=Colère des lycéens : l’intersyndicale étudiante et professionnelle appelle à une journée de grève le 13 octobre |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=8 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Organisationes lycean in Francia]] [[Categoria:Organisationes syndical in Francia]] njedrvwihklhdy5vjqrt8y2c07xm2ks 704880 704879 2026-10-20T08:03:22Z Interlingvisto 60932 /* Ligamines externe */ 704880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''Union Syndicale Lycéenne''' (USL) es un organisation lycean francese de character syndical que representa e defende le interesses del alumnos del instruction secundari. Create in 2023, illo se presenta como un organisation democratic e inclusive, orientate al defensa del derectos del lyceanos, al melioramento del conditiones de studio e al participation del alumnos in le decisiones concernente le systema educative. Su activitate include petitiones, campanias, representation institutional e mobilizationes collective. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Nous portons la voix lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL se inscribe in le continuitate historic del movimento syndical lycean francese, specialmente del Union nationale lycéenne (UNL) e del organisation La Voix lycéenne. Su creation in 2023 esseva presentate como un reunification de plure organisationes lycean, ma iste interpretation esseva contestate per certe sindicatos, includente le Fédération indépendante et démocratique lycéenne (FIDL) e le Mouvement national lycéen (MNL). <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/societe/education/education-un-nouveau-syndicat-lyceen-voit-le-jour-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne_6161173.html |titulo=Éducation : un nouveau syndicat lycéen voit le jour, l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Franceinfo |fecha=3 de novembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Origines e creation == Le creation del USL se insere in le evolution del syndicalismo lycean francese desde le fin del seculo XX. Le organisationes lycean ha historicamente defendite le derectos del alumnos, le melioramento del conditiones de studio e lor participation in le debates super le reformas del education. In 1993 esseva fundate le Union nationale des élus lycéens (UNEL). In 1994, le organisation adoptava le denomination Union nationale lycéenne (UNL) e assumeva un orientation syndical plus explicite. Le UNL deveniva un del organisationes lycean national le plus cognoscite, participava a mobilizationes contra reformas educational e obteneva representantes in le Conseil supérieur de l'éducation (CSE). <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.letudiant.fr/educmedias/les-syndicats-lyceens-comment-ca-marche.html |titulo=Les syndicats lycéens, comment ça marche ? |sitioweb=L'Étudiant |fecha=18 de novembre 2021 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le annos 2000 e 2010, le UNL cognosceva divisiones interne. In 2009, un gruppo se separava del organisation sub le denomination UNL-D, que deveniva ulteriormente le Syndicat général des lycéens. In 2016, un altere scission duceva al formation del UNL-SD, que deveniva le MNL. Le UNL cessava su activitate al initio de 2021 e esseva placiate in redressement judicial. In le mesme anno, ex-membros e activistas del UNL initiava La Voix lycéenne (LVL), que se presentava como un continuation del tradition syndical del UNL. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.helloasso.com/associations/la-voix-lyceenne |titulo=La Voix Lycéenne — Qui sommes-nous ? |sitioweb=HelloAsso |fecha=7 de novembre 2021 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 3 de novembre 2023, esseva annunciate le creation del Union syndicale lycéenne, presentate per su initiatores como le resultato del reunification de plure organisationes lycean. Le union includeva activistas e structuras ligate a La Voix lycéenne, al Union pirate lycéenne, al Union lycéenne de France (ULF), al CSTE e a AEB Lycée, inter altere gruppos. Le data del 17 de decembre 2023 figura como data de fundation official del organisation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.journal-officiel.gouv.fr/pages/associations-detail-annonce/?q.id=id:202300511847 |titulo=Annonce de création de l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Journal officiel de la République française |fecha=19 de decembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Controverse super le fusion == Le creation del USL esseva accompaniate per un controverse super le character e le extension del fusion annunciate. Le initiatores presentava le nove organisation como un reunification de plure sindicatos lycean. Tamen, le FIDL e le MNL contestava le affirmation que illes habeva fusionate con le USL. Iste distinction es importante pro comprender le organisation del syndicalismo lycean francese: le formation del USL non significava le disparition de tote le organisationes mentionate in le annuncio initial. Le FIDL e le MNL continuava a exister como organisationes distincte. Le presentation del USL como le continuation de un parte del tradition del UNL e del LVL debe dunque esser distinguite del affirmation que tote le sindicatos citate habeva participate in le fusion. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/societe/education/education-un-nouveau-syndicat-lyceen-voit-le-jour-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne_6161173.html |titulo=Éducation : un nouveau syndicat lycéen voit le jour, l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Franceinfo |fecha=3 de novembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Organisation e structura == Le USL es constituite como un association regite per le legislation francese relative al associationes. Illo se presenta como un organisation national que connecte le lyceanos e le structuras local in un rete commun. Le organisation promove le formation de federationes departamental e de structuras local. Secundo su presentation institutional, cata federation pote adaptar su activitate al necessitates del lyceos e del alumnos del territorio, durante que le coordination national facilita le formulation de revendicationes commun e le organisation de actiones a scala plus grande. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=L’Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation include activistas, representantes lycean e personas implicate in le defensa del derectos del alumnos. Su activitate pote comprender le preparation de communicatos, le organisation de reuniones, le participation a consultationes institutional e le coordination de mobilizationes. Le USL declara que illo functiona como un organisation democratic, in le qual le lyceanos pote participar in le discussiones e in le definition del revendicationes. Illo incoragia le participation collective sin exigir que tote le membros ha ja experientia in le activitate syndical. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne — Nous portons la voix lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Orientation e valores == Le USL se identifica con un orientation de sinistra e presenta su valores como antifascista, feminista, ecologista e collectivista. In su communication institutional, le organisation insiste super le inclusion, le solidaritate e le defensa del derectos del lyceanos. Su positionamento include revendicationes relative al equalitate educational, al lucta contra le discriminationes, al derectos del feminas e del minoritates, e al melioramento del conditiones material del education. Iste valores es declarate per le organisation mesme e describe su orientation public, sin implicar que tote le lyceanos o tote le organisationes educational comparte le mesme positiones. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Revendicationes educational == Le USL interviene in le debates concernente le organisation del lyceos, le medios del education national e le accesso al instruction superior. Su revendicationes ha evolvite secundo le reformas educational e le problemas signalate per le alumnos. Inter le principal revendicationes publicate per le organisation se trova: * Le augmentation del medios financiari e human del education national; * Le recrutamento de plus professores e personal de supporto; * Le reduction del surcharge del classes; * Le melioramento del edificios e del conditiones material del lyceos; * Le melioramento del information e del accompaniamento in le orientation educational; * Le opposition al systema de selection e admission post-baccalaureato Parcoursup e le demanda de su abrogation; * Le opposition al Service national universel (SNU) obligatori; * Le opposition al generalisation del uniforme in le lyceos; * Le promotion de alimentation biologic e de origine local in le cantinas; * Le melioramento del protection del alumnos contra le violentia sexista e sexual. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL tracta iste temas per medio de petitiones, communicationes public, reuniones con le autoritates e actiones collective. Le organisation participa etiam al debates concernente le budget del education e le effectos del reformas super le alumnos. == Parcoursup e accesso al instruction superior == Le opposition a Parcoursup, le platforma francese usate pro le candidatura e admission al formationes post-baccalaureato, es un del positiones central del USL. Le organisation critica le functionamento del platforma in le processo de admission e demanda su abrogation, promovente un altere modelo de orientation e accesso al instruction superior. Le USL argumenta que le lyceanos necessita information plus clar, accompaniamento individual e un systema que non crea incerteza o stress excessive durante le transition inter le lyceo e le instruction superior. Iste position face parte de su programma syndical e es contestate per personas e institutiones que defende le organisation actual del admission post-baccalaureato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Mobilizationes e actiones collective == Le USL usa le repertorio traditional del syndicalismo lycean: petitiones, assembleas, tractos, manifestationes, conferentias de pressa e blocages de lyceos. Le organisation considera le mobilization collective como un medio pro facer audir le revendicationes del alumnos e obtener responsas del autoritates. Le participation al mobilizationes varia secundo le contexto national e le situation local. Le blocage de un lyceo es un forma de protestation usate per alcun alumnos e organisationes, ma illo pote etiam provocar controversias concernente le accesso al classes, le securitate e le derecto al education. Le USL ha participate a mobilizationes contra reformas social e educational, includente le movimento contra le reforma del pensiones in 2023. Durante iste periodo, le organisation appoiava le manifestationes e le blocages e associava su revendicationes educational a un opposition plus large al politicas del Governo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2026/09/29/high-school-protests-spread-across-france-pitting-radical-left-against-government_6758067_7.html |titulo=High school protests spread across France, pitting radical left against government |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=29 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Mobilizationes de 2026 == In septembre 2026, le USL deveniva un del principal actores del mobilizationes lycean contra le conditiones de studio e le medios del education national. Le movimento se initiava in le lyceo Saint-Exupéry de Créteil, ubi le alumnos denunciava le absentia de professores e altere problemas del organisation educational, e se extendeva a altere lyceos, specialmente in le region parisian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2026/09/29/high-school-protests-spread-across-france-pitting-radical-left-against-government_6758067_7.html |titulo=High school protests spread across France, pitting radical left against government |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=29 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le USL appellava al blocage de lyceos in tote le pais le 29 de septembre, in coordination con un die de mobilization del sector public. Su presidente, Ryad Rani, explicava que le organisation voleva extender le protestas a altere territorios perque, secundo le USL, le problemas de personal, edificios e conditiones de studio non esseva limitate al region parisian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/une-convergence-des-luttes-la-principale-organisation-lyceenne-appelle-au-blocage-des-etablissements-ce-mardi-28-09-2026-XI32LU56ERBBBG34JNN2KFQIJ4.php |titulo=Une « convergence des luttes » : la principale organisation lycéenne appelle au blocage des établissements ce mardi |sitioweb=Le Parisien, con AFP |fecha=28 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le revendicationes includeva le falta de professores e personal de supporto, le surcharge del classes, le deterioramento de certe edificios e le stress associate a Parcoursup. Le protestas includeva blocages e manifestationes; in alcun locos esseva signalate incidentes e damnos material. Le autoritates public insisteva super le necessitate de garantir le securitate e le accesso al education, durante que le representantes del USL reclamava plus de medios e un dialogo con le Governo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/live/2026/10/02/en-direct-blocage-des-lycees-1-747-interpellations-ont-eu-lieu-vendredi-en-marge-de-la-mobilisation-lyceenne-contre-1-954-jeudi-annonce-laurent-nunes_6786491_3224.html |titulo=Blocage des lycées : forte mobilisation, violences et dégradations, mouvement reconduit |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 2 de octobre, post un incontro con le Ministro del Education National, le organisationes lycean e de studentes appellava a continuar le mobilizationes, declarando que le discussion non habeva producite sufficiente mesuras concrete. Le USL appoiava le continuation del protestas e le participation al sequente jornata de mobilization. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/grande-manifestation-a-paris-lycees-fermes-a-quoi-sattendre-pour-la-journee-de-mobilisation-du-mouvement-lyceen-le-mardi-6-octobre-2AGW2G3XQRC6FOIGVLLDBL2OHM.php |titulo=Grande manifestation à Paris, lycées fermés, grèves… À quoi s’attendre pour la mobilisation du mardi 6 octobre ? |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=5 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le situation del movimento evolveva durante octobre, con altere actiones e negotiationes inter representantes lycean e le autoritates. Le USL continuava a reclamar un augmento del medios del education e un melioramento del conditiones de studio, durante que le Governo annunciava que illo examinava mesuras concernente le reimplaciamento del professores e le organisation del education. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/colere-des-lyceens-lintersyndicale-etudiante-et-professionnelle-appelle-a-une-journee-de-greve-le-13-octobre-08-10-2026-UQUJS4MAKBGL7MWUJHTYAJS2HE.php |titulo=Colère des lycéens : l’intersyndicale étudiante et professionnelle appelle à une journée de grève le 13 octobre |sitioweb=Le Parisien, con AFP |fecha=8 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relationes con le partidos politic == Le USL se presenta como un organisation syndical lycean independente, ma su orientation ideologic e su participation a mobilizationes politic ha provocate discussiones super su relationes con le partidos de sinistra. Durante le periodo post le dissolution del Assemblea National francese in 2024, le organisation appoiava le programma del Nove Fronte Popular contra le extreme dextera, considerante que illo correspondeva plus a su revendicationes educational e social. Le USL ha etiam collaborate e participate a actiones con altere organisationes de studentes e syndical. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20261002.OBS118835/qui-est-ryad-rani-le-president-de-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne-devenu-une-figure-du-blocus-de-lycees.html |titulo=Qui est Ryad Rani, le président de l’Union syndicale lycéenne devenu une figure du blocus de lycées ? |sitioweb=Le Nouvel Obs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In 2026, le presidente del USL, Ryad Rani, deveniva un figura public del mobilizationes lycean. Su activitate e su relationes con le actores politic esseva discutite in le medios, includente referentias a su participation anterior in un lista electoral local. Rani ha declarate que ille non se considera un representante de un partido, ben que ille assume positiones politic e participa a debates public. Iste questiones face parte del discussion public super le relation inter syndicalismo lycean e politica partidari. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20261002.OBS118835/qui-est-ryad-rani-le-president-de-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne-devenu-une-figure-du-blocus-de-lycees.html |titulo=Qui est Ryad Rani, le président de l’Union syndicale lycéenne devenu une figure du blocus de lycées ? |sitioweb=Le Nouvel Obs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Relation con altere organisationes lycean == Le USL opera in un ambiente in le qual plure organisationes representa le lyceanos. Inter le organisationes active se trova le FIDL, le MNL e le Syndicat national lycéen (SNL), assi como altere collectivos e listas local. Le relationes inter iste organisationes combina cooperation in certe mobilizationes e divergentias concernente le strategias, le representation e le organisation del syndicalismo lycean. Le controverse super le fusion de 2023 es un exemplo de iste divergentias. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/societe/education/education-un-nouveau-syndicat-lyceen-voit-le-jour-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne_6161173.html |titulo=Éducation : un nouveau syndicat lycéen voit le jour, l'Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Franceinfo |fecha=3 de novembre 2023 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Financiamento == Como association declarate, le USL indica que su recursos pote provenir de cotisationes de membros, donationes e subvenciones. Le organisation propone differente formas de adhesion, includente tarifas reducite o contributiones libere, pro facilitar le participation del lyceanos independentemente de lor situation economic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=8 raisons de rejoindre un syndicat lycéen |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Importancia in le syndicalismo lycean == Le Union syndicale lycéenne es un del organisationes national del syndicalismo lycean francese. Su formation in 2023 reflecte le tentativa de reunir plure collectivos e de crear un structura national capabile de coordinar le revendicationes del alumnos. Su activitate combina le representation institutional con le action collective e le mobilizationes. Le evolution del USL depende de su capacitate de mantener su rete local, de representar le differente experientias del lyceanos e de influentiar le debates super le education secundari e le accesso al instruction superior. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://www.uslsyndicat.fr/ |titulo=Union syndicale lycéenne |sitioweb=Union syndicale lycéenne |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2026/09/29/high-school-protests-spread-across-france-pitting-radical-left-against-government_6758067_7.html |titulo=High school protests spread across France, pitting radical left against government |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=29 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/une-convergence-des-luttes-la-principale-organisation-lyceenne-appelle-au-blocage-des-etablissements-ce-mardi-28-09-2026-XI32LU56ERBBBG34JNN2KFQIJ4.php |titulo=Une « convergence des luttes » : la principale organisation lycéenne appelle au blocage des établissements ce mardi |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=28 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/live/2026/10/02/en-direct-blocage-des-lycees-1-747-interpellations-ont-eu-lieu-vendredi-en-marge-de-la-mobilisation-lyceenne-contre-1-954-jeudi-annonce-laurent-nunes_6786491_3224.html |titulo=Blocage des lycées : forte mobilisation, violences et dégradations, mouvement reconduit |sitioweb=Le Monde |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20261002.OBS118835/qui-est-ryad-rani-le-president-de-l-union-syndicale-lyceenne-devenu-une-figure-du-blocus-de-lycees.html |titulo=Qui est Ryad Rani, le président de l’Union syndicale lycéenne devenu une figure du blocus de lycées ? |sitioweb=Le Nouvel Obs |fecha=2 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/colere-des-lyceens-lintersyndicale-etudiante-et-professionnelle-appelle-a-une-journee-de-greve-le-13-octobre-08-10-2026-UQUJS4MAKBGL7MWUJHTYAJS2HE.php |titulo=Colère des lycéens : l’intersyndicale étudiante et professionnelle appelle à une journée de grève le 13 octobre |sitioweb=Le Parisien |fecha=8 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Organisationes lycean in Francia]] [[Categoria:Organisationes syndical in Francia]] 9v5qgw9lidikgzgn25ngcor77csaxun 0 62376 704884 2026-10-20T08:12:21Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “{{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''disordines italian de 2026''' es un serie de manifestationes, protestas, stoppages de labor e confrontos que comenciava in Italia le 16 de octobre 2026. Le mobilizationes includeva demonstrationes de studentes contra le conditiones del education e le politicas del governamento, protestas contra le augmento del costo del vita e del combustibile, e actiones de agricultores e transportatores contra le custos de production e del diesel....” 704884 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''disordines italian de 2026''' es un serie de manifestationes, protestas, stoppages de labor e confrontos que comenciava in Italia le 16 de octobre 2026. Le mobilizationes includeva demonstrationes de studentes contra le conditiones del education e le politicas del governamento, protestas contra le augmento del costo del vita e del combustibile, e actiones de agricultores e transportatores contra le custos de production e del diesel. Le manifestationes se extendeva a plure citates, includente [[Roma]], [[Milan]], [[Turin]], [[Bologna]], [[Genoa]], [[Florentia]], [[Venetia]] e altere localitates. In alcun citates, demonstrationes initialmente pacific deveniva confrontos inter manifestantes e le policia, con damnos a proprietates, saqueos e arrestationes. Le protestas del transportatores e agricultores provocava etiam interruption del traffico e difficultates in le distribution de combustibile e benes, specialmente in le sud del pais. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unionesarda.it/en/italy/truck-drivers-protesting-high-diesel-prices-truck-blocks-in-southern-italy-ieu8ayw9 |titulo=Truck drivers protesting high diesel prices: truck blocks in Southern Italy |sitioweb=L'Unione Sarda |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Contexto == Le protestas emergeva in un periodo marcate per le preoccupationes concernente le augmento del costo del vita, le precio del combustibile e le conditiones del servicios public. Le problemas del education deveniva un del principal motivos del mobilization de studentes, que denunciava le conditiones de certe edificios scolastic, le falta de professores e le insufficientia del financiamento public. Le studentes criticava tamben le politicas del governamento de [[Giorgia Meloni]], demandava plus de investimento in le education public e contestava le gastos militar. Alcun manifestationes esseva organisate sub le slogan «No Meloni Day», que reuniva revendicationes educational e opposition politic al governamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=Gli studenti in piazza, cortei in tutta Italia. Tre minorenni arrestati a Torino |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/17/cost-of-living-protests-hit-belgium-italy-portugal-and-france |titulo=Cost of living protests hit Belgium, Italy, Portugal and France |sitioweb=Al Jazeera |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le mobilizationes italian se produceva in le mesme periodo que protestas e disturbios in altere paises europee, includente [[Francia]], [[Belgica]] e [[Portugal]]. Tamen, le manifestationes non constitueva necessariamente un movimento unificate: le protestas de studentes, le actiones del transportatores e le manifestationes agricultural habeva revendicationes distincte, ben que illos se superponeva in le expression del malcontentamento economic e social. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/17/cost-of-living-protests-hit-belgium-italy-portugal-and-france |titulo=Cost of living protests hit Belgium, Italy, Portugal and France |sitioweb=Al Jazeera |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Chronologia == === 16 de octobre === Le 16 de octobre, demonstrationes de studentes occurreva in plure citates italian sub le slogan «No Meloni Day». Le revendicationes concerneva le conditiones del edificios scolastic, le financiamento del education, le gastos militar e le politicas relative al immigration in le ambiente escolar. Le manifestationes esseva reportate in Roma, Milan, Turin, Genoa, Bologna, Florentia, Venetia, Padua, Treviso, Cagliari e altere citates. In Turin, alcun manifestantes lanciava ovos contra le policia e se reportava confrontos con agentes. In Roma, alcun participantes lanciava petardos in le vicinitate del Ministerio del Education, e durante un corteo esseva ardite bandieras del Statos Unite e de Israel. In Pisa, studentes perturbava un ceremonia de apertura del anno academic al Scuola Normale Superiore. Le manifestationes occurreva parallelmente a mobilizationes climatic organisate con participation de [[Fridays for Future]] e a un sciopero del sector educational. Le Prime Ministro Meloni condemnava le actos de violentia, durante que le governamento defendeva le responsa del policia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=Gli studenti in piazza, cortei in tutta Italia. Tre minorenni arrestati a Torino |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/17/cost-of-living-protests-hit-belgium-italy-portugal-and-france |titulo=Cost of living protests hit Belgium, Italy, Portugal and France |sitioweb=Al Jazeera |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In le mesme die, un serie distincte de protestas de transportatores e agricultores se extendeva in le sud de Italia. Le actiones esseva ligate al augmento del precio del diesel e del custos de production agricultural. In [[Calabria]], le organisation Fedralog initiava un stoppage del transporto de merces, con circa 15 punctos de protestation proxime a vias principal e centros de transporto. In [[Sicilia]], le Comitato Trasporto Siciliano initiava un stoppage de cinque dies del transporto de carga. In [[Puglia]], agricultores, productores de olive e transportatores continuava protestas ja comenciate durante le dies precedente. In le provincia de [[Foggia]], un convoy de circa 500 camiones circulava super le SS379 inter Brindisi e Bari. Le stoppages causava retardos e contribuiva a difficultates de approvisionamento de combustibile in certe areas del sud. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=La protesta dei Tir infiamma il Sud, blocchi e code |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === 17 de octobre === Le 17 de octobre, le demonstrationes contra le costo del vita e le problemas del servicios public continuava. Le confrontos le plus grave esseva reportate in Milan e Bologna. In le centro de Milan, un manifestation que habeva comenciate pacificemente deveniva violente post que gruppos de manifestantes mascherate se separava del corteo. Alcun lanciava petras e altere objectos contra le policia anti-disturbios, danneggiava vitrinas e incendiava barricadas improvisate. Le policia usava gas lacrimogene e cannones de aqua pro dispersar le participantes in le area de [[Piazza del Duomo]] e del [[Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II]]. Alcun establimentos claudeva e le station de metro del Duomo esseva temporarimente serrate. In Bologna, le policia usava cannones de aqua post que un manifestation deveniva violente. Le medios reportava detentiones e personas vulnerate in le confrontos de ambes citates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/aada57790a8d2d3c02ab55911b9ecead |titulo=Rioters loot stores, set fires in central Milan during cost-of-living protest |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.euronews.com/2026/10/18/cost-of-living-protests-50-detained-in-milan-clashes-in-turin-and-bologna |titulo=Cost of living protests: 50 detained in Milan, clashes in Turin and Bologna |sitioweb=Euronews |fecha=18 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In le mesme periodo, le protestas de transportatores e agricultores continuava in Calabria, Puglia, Basilicata e Sicilia. Le revendicationes concernente le diesel e le custos de production se misceva in certe locos con le manifestationes contra le costo del vita, ma le gruppos manteneva demandas distincte. Le agricultores denunciava le augmento del custos e le reduction del margines economic, includente le situation del productores de olive e altere productos agricultural. === 18 de octobre === Le 18 de octobre, nove confrontos occurreva in Milan durante manifestationes contra le costo del vita e le deterioramento de certe servicios public. Secundo Reuters, plure centenarios de manifestantes con le facies coperite rumpeva vitrinas e incendiava receptaculos de immunditias in le vicinitate de Piazza del Duomo. Le policia respondeva con gas lacrimogene e cannones de aqua. Le policia reportava que 28 personas habeva essite arrestate post le confrontos del 17 de octobre in Milan, Bologna, Brescia, Bergamo e Turin. Le cifra se refereva al incidentes del die precedente e non solmente al arrestationes effectuate le 18 de octobre. Le protestas de transportatores e agricultores continuava in le sud, includente le stoppages de cinque dies in Sicilia e Calabria. Le interruptiones del transporto affectava le circulation de merces e suscitava preoccupationes super le approvisionamento de combustibile e productos. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === 19 de octobre === Le 19 de octobre, le governamento italian preparava nove mesuras de securitate post duo dies de disordines. Le Prime Ministro Meloni teneva un incontro con ministros e responsabiles del securitate pro examinar le situation e le possibilitates de intervention. Le Vice-Prime Ministro [[Matteo Salvini]] annunciava que le governamento intendeva disponer 500 militares pro reforçar le securitate in Milan. Le mesura esseva presentate como parte de un pacchetto de securitate que debeva esser examinate per le Consilio de Ministros. Salvini declarava que le truppas debera contribuer al protection del citate e al prevention de nove actos de violentia. Le autoritates condemnava le saqueos e le aggressiones contra le policia, durante que le debatte public continuava super le causas economic e social del protestas e super le distinction inter manifestationes pacific e actos violente. Le policia reportava que 271 personas habeva essite portate a officios de policia in Milan durante le disordines del dominica. Inter illes, 32 esseva arrestate, includente 23 minores e 13 personas de nationalitate estranier; altere 28 personas esseva signalate al autoritates judicial. Le cifras publicate concerneva le operationes in Milan e debe esser distinguite del bilancio del arrestationes in altere citates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Sectores participante e revendicationes == Le disordines non esseva le resultato de un sol organisation o de un programma unic. Illos involveva plure gruppos con demandas differente, que in certe momentos se superponeva. === Studentes e personal educational === Le mobilizationes de studentes se concentrava super le conditiones del edificios scolastic, le falta de professores, le medios financiari del education public e le gastos militar. Le slogan «No Meloni Day» exprimeva etiam le opposition politic al governamento. Alcun manifestationes includeva revendicationes relative al immigration in le classes e al solidaritate con studentes francese. Le protestas educational occurreva in plure citates e esseva accompaniate per occupationes de lyceos, corteos e un sciopero del sector educational. Le incidentes violente occurreva in certe locos, ma le reportage distingueva le demonstrationes general del actiones de gruppos que se confrontava con le policia o danneggiava proprietates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=Gli studenti in piazza, cortei in tutta Italia |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Transportatores === Le transportatores protestava contra le augmento del precio del diesel e le custos operative del transporto de merces. Le stoppages e le punctos de protestation in le sud provocava retardos e difficultates in le circulation de camiones. Le actiones includeva le estacionamento de camiones proxime a vias e nodos de transporto e le interruption temporari de certe servicios. Le organisationes participante demandava discussiones con le governamento super le custos e le conditiones economic del sector. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=La protesta dei Tir infiamma il Sud, blocchi e code |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Agricultores === Le agricultores e productores agricultural manifestava contra le augmento del custos de production e le differentia inter le custos de cultivo e le precios que illes recipeva pro lor productos. In Puglia, le protestas includeva agricultores e productores de olive; in Basilicata, organisationes agricultural appoiava actiones concernente le precios e le reduction de certe supportos. Ben que le protestas agricultural se superponeva in tempore e in certe areas con le actiones del transportatores, le demandas del duo sectores non esseva identic. Le reportos disponibile non establi le existentia de un sol organisation national responsabile de tote le actiones. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unionesarda.it/en/italy/truck-drivers-protesting-high-diesel-prices-truck-blocks-in-southern-italy-ieu8ayw9 |titulo=Truck drivers protesting high diesel prices: truck blocks in Southern Italy |sitioweb=L'Unione Sarda |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Confrontos e effectos == Le incidentes le plus grave del prime dies occurreva in Milan e Bologna. Le confrontos includeva le uso de petras e altere objectos contra le policia, le destruction de vitrinas, le incendios de receptaculos de immunditias e le saqueos de establimentos commercial. Le policia usava gas lacrimogene e cannones de aqua pro dispersar gruppos violente. In Milan, le perturbationes affectava le area de Piazza del Duomo e le Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, e alcun establimentos claudeva anticipatemente. Le station de metro del Duomo esseva temporarimente serrate durante le confrontos del 17 de octobre. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/aada57790a8d2d3c02ab55911b9ecead |titulo=Rioters loot stores, set fires in central Milan during cost-of-living protest |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le bilancio del arrestationes variava secundo le citate e le periodo considerate. Reuters reportava 28 arrestationes ligate al confrontos del 17 de octobre in cinque citates e, separatim, 32 arrestationes in Milan in relation con le disordines del dominica. Le autoritates mentionava etiam personas vulnerate, includente membros del policia. Le cifras debe esser interpretate secundo le data e le area del reporto, pro evitar confunder arrestationes, detentiones e personas signalate al justitia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Responsa del governamento == Le Prime Ministro Giorgia Meloni condemnava le actos de violentia e convocava un incontro con ministros e responsabiles del securitate le 19 de octobre. Le governamento annunciava que illo examinava mesuras additional pro responder al disordines e reforçar le securitate in le citates affectate. Le proposta de disponer 500 militares in Milan esseva annunciate per Matteo Salvini, qui lo presentava como un mesura de reinfortiamento del securitate. Le governamento discutiva tamben le possibilitate de mesuras plus stricte concernente le violentia committite per minores e le action de gruppos de juvenes. Le detalle definitive del mesuras debe esser distinguite del propositiones e annunciamentos publicate durante le prime dies del crise. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Signification e contexto social == Le disordines de octobre 2026 reflecteva le coexistentia de plure fontes de malcontentamento: difficultates economic, augmento del custos del energia e del combustibile, problemas del education public e preoccupationes concernente le accesso al servicios public. Le manifestationes non forma un movimento homogenee. Le studentes, le transportatores e le agricultores habeva demandas e formas de action distincte, ben que le protestas occurreva durante le mesme periodo e in certe locos se influentiava reciprocamente. Le confrontos violente in alcun citates addeva un dimension de securitate public al debatte super le causas social e economic del mobilizationes. Le responsa del governamento, le effectos super le transporto e le commercio, e le continuation del manifestationes remaneva in evolution al 20 de octobre 2026. Le bilancio e le interpretation del disordines pote dunque cambiar conforme a nove informationes e al resultatos del investigationes official. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/aada57790a8d2d3c02ab55911b9ecead |titulo=Rioters loot stores, set fires in central Milan during cost-of-living protest |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/17/cost-of-living-protests-hit-belgium-italy-portugal-and-france |titulo=Cost of living protests hit Belgium, Italy, Portugal and France |sitioweb=Al Jazeera |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.euronews.com/2026/10/18/cost-of-living-protests-50-detained-in-milan-clashes-in-turin-and-bologna |titulo=Cost of living protests: 50 detained in Milan, clashes in Turin and Bologna |sitioweb=Euronews |fecha=18 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=Gli studenti in piazza, cortei in tutta Italia |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.unionesarda.it/en/italy/truck-drivers-protesting-high-diesel-prices-truck-blocks-in-southern-italy-ieu8ayw9 |titulo=Truck drivers protesting high diesel prices: truck blocks in Southern Italy |sitioweb=L'Unione Sarda |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Historia de Italia]] [[Categoria:2026 in Italia]] [[Categoria:Protestas in Italia]] 92sybx0wmfkk8eszkc92n4bd4r19rik 704885 704884 2026-10-20T08:12:38Z Interlingvisto 60932 704885 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''disordines italian de 2026''' es un serie de manifestationes, protestas, stoppages de labor e confrontos que comenciava in Italia le 16 de octobre 2026. Le mobilizationes includeva demonstrationes de studentes contra le conditiones del education e le politicas del governamento, protestas contra le augmento del costo del vita e del combustibile, e actiones de agricultores e transportatores contra le custos de production e del diesel. Le manifestationes se extendeva a plure citates, includente [[Roma]], [[Milan]], [[Turin]], [[Bologna]], [[Genova]], [[Florentia]], [[Venetia]] e altere localitates. In alcun citates, demonstrationes initialmente pacific deveniva confrontos inter manifestantes e le policia, con damnos a proprietates, saqueos e arrestationes. Le protestas del transportatores e agricultores provocava etiam interruption del traffico e difficultates in le distribution de combustibile e benes, specialmente in le sud del pais. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unionesarda.it/en/italy/truck-drivers-protesting-high-diesel-prices-truck-blocks-in-southern-italy-ieu8ayw9 |titulo=Truck drivers protesting high diesel prices: truck blocks in Southern Italy |sitioweb=L'Unione Sarda |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Contexto == Le protestas emergeva in un periodo marcate per le preoccupationes concernente le augmento del costo del vita, le precio del combustibile e le conditiones del servicios public. Le problemas del education deveniva un del principal motivos del mobilization de studentes, que denunciava le conditiones de certe edificios scolastic, le falta de professores e le insufficientia del financiamento public. Le studentes criticava tamben le politicas del governamento de [[Giorgia Meloni]], demandava plus de investimento in le education public e contestava le gastos militar. Alcun manifestationes esseva organisate sub le slogan «No Meloni Day», que reuniva revendicationes educational e opposition politic al governamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=Gli studenti in piazza, cortei in tutta Italia. Tre minorenni arrestati a Torino |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/17/cost-of-living-protests-hit-belgium-italy-portugal-and-france |titulo=Cost of living protests hit Belgium, Italy, Portugal and France |sitioweb=Al Jazeera |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le mobilizationes italian se produceva in le mesme periodo que protestas e disturbios in altere paises europee, includente [[Francia]], [[Belgica]] e [[Portugal]]. Tamen, le manifestationes non constitueva necessariamente un movimento unificate: le protestas de studentes, le actiones del transportatores e le manifestationes agricultural habeva revendicationes distincte, ben que illos se superponeva in le expression del malcontentamento economic e social. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/17/cost-of-living-protests-hit-belgium-italy-portugal-and-france |titulo=Cost of living protests hit Belgium, Italy, Portugal and France |sitioweb=Al Jazeera |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Chronologia == === 16 de octobre === Le 16 de octobre, demonstrationes de studentes occurreva in plure citates italian sub le slogan «No Meloni Day». Le revendicationes concerneva le conditiones del edificios scolastic, le financiamento del education, le gastos militar e le politicas relative al immigration in le ambiente escolar. Le manifestationes esseva reportate in Roma, Milan, Turin, Genoa, Bologna, Florentia, Venetia, Padua, Treviso, Cagliari e altere citates. In Turin, alcun manifestantes lanciava ovos contra le policia e se reportava confrontos con agentes. In Roma, alcun participantes lanciava petardos in le vicinitate del Ministerio del Education, e durante un corteo esseva ardite bandieras del Statos Unite e de Israel. In Pisa, studentes perturbava un ceremonia de apertura del anno academic al Scuola Normale Superiore. Le manifestationes occurreva parallelmente a mobilizationes climatic organisate con participation de [[Fridays for Future]] e a un sciopero del sector educational. Le Prime Ministro Meloni condemnava le actos de violentia, durante que le governamento defendeva le responsa del policia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=Gli studenti in piazza, cortei in tutta Italia. Tre minorenni arrestati a Torino |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/17/cost-of-living-protests-hit-belgium-italy-portugal-and-france |titulo=Cost of living protests hit Belgium, Italy, Portugal and France |sitioweb=Al Jazeera |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In le mesme die, un serie distincte de protestas de transportatores e agricultores se extendeva in le sud de Italia. Le actiones esseva ligate al augmento del precio del diesel e del custos de production agricultural. In [[Calabria]], le organisation Fedralog initiava un stoppage del transporto de merces, con circa 15 punctos de protestation proxime a vias principal e centros de transporto. In [[Sicilia]], le Comitato Trasporto Siciliano initiava un stoppage de cinque dies del transporto de carga. In [[Puglia]], agricultores, productores de olive e transportatores continuava protestas ja comenciate durante le dies precedente. In le provincia de [[Foggia]], un convoy de circa 500 camiones circulava super le SS379 inter Brindisi e Bari. Le stoppages causava retardos e contribuiva a difficultates de approvisionamento de combustibile in certe areas del sud. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=La protesta dei Tir infiamma il Sud, blocchi e code |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === 17 de octobre === Le 17 de octobre, le demonstrationes contra le costo del vita e le problemas del servicios public continuava. Le confrontos le plus grave esseva reportate in Milan e Bologna. In le centro de Milan, un manifestation que habeva comenciate pacificemente deveniva violente post que gruppos de manifestantes mascherate se separava del corteo. Alcun lanciava petras e altere objectos contra le policia anti-disturbios, danneggiava vitrinas e incendiava barricadas improvisate. Le policia usava gas lacrimogene e cannones de aqua pro dispersar le participantes in le area de [[Piazza del Duomo]] e del [[Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II]]. Alcun establimentos claudeva e le station de metro del Duomo esseva temporarimente serrate. In Bologna, le policia usava cannones de aqua post que un manifestation deveniva violente. Le medios reportava detentiones e personas vulnerate in le confrontos de ambes citates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/aada57790a8d2d3c02ab55911b9ecead |titulo=Rioters loot stores, set fires in central Milan during cost-of-living protest |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.euronews.com/2026/10/18/cost-of-living-protests-50-detained-in-milan-clashes-in-turin-and-bologna |titulo=Cost of living protests: 50 detained in Milan, clashes in Turin and Bologna |sitioweb=Euronews |fecha=18 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In le mesme periodo, le protestas de transportatores e agricultores continuava in Calabria, Puglia, Basilicata e Sicilia. Le revendicationes concernente le diesel e le custos de production se misceva in certe locos con le manifestationes contra le costo del vita, ma le gruppos manteneva demandas distincte. Le agricultores denunciava le augmento del custos e le reduction del margines economic, includente le situation del productores de olive e altere productos agricultural. === 18 de octobre === Le 18 de octobre, nove confrontos occurreva in Milan durante manifestationes contra le costo del vita e le deterioramento de certe servicios public. Secundo Reuters, plure centenarios de manifestantes con le facies coperite rumpeva vitrinas e incendiava receptaculos de immunditias in le vicinitate de Piazza del Duomo. Le policia respondeva con gas lacrimogene e cannones de aqua. Le policia reportava que 28 personas habeva essite arrestate post le confrontos del 17 de octobre in Milan, Bologna, Brescia, Bergamo e Turin. Le cifra se refereva al incidentes del die precedente e non solmente al arrestationes effectuate le 18 de octobre. Le protestas de transportatores e agricultores continuava in le sud, includente le stoppages de cinque dies in Sicilia e Calabria. Le interruptiones del transporto affectava le circulation de merces e suscitava preoccupationes super le approvisionamento de combustibile e productos. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === 19 de octobre === Le 19 de octobre, le governamento italian preparava nove mesuras de securitate post duo dies de disordines. Le Prime Ministro Meloni teneva un incontro con ministros e responsabiles del securitate pro examinar le situation e le possibilitates de intervention. Le Vice-Prime Ministro [[Matteo Salvini]] annunciava que le governamento intendeva disponer 500 militares pro reforçar le securitate in Milan. Le mesura esseva presentate como parte de un pacchetto de securitate que debeva esser examinate per le Consilio de Ministros. Salvini declarava que le truppas debera contribuer al protection del citate e al prevention de nove actos de violentia. Le autoritates condemnava le saqueos e le aggressiones contra le policia, durante que le debatte public continuava super le causas economic e social del protestas e super le distinction inter manifestationes pacific e actos violente. Le policia reportava que 271 personas habeva essite portate a officios de policia in Milan durante le disordines del dominica. Inter illes, 32 esseva arrestate, includente 23 minores e 13 personas de nationalitate estranier; altere 28 personas esseva signalate al autoritates judicial. Le cifras publicate concerneva le operationes in Milan e debe esser distinguite del bilancio del arrestationes in altere citates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Sectores participante e revendicationes == Le disordines non esseva le resultato de un sol organisation o de un programma unic. Illos involveva plure gruppos con demandas differente, que in certe momentos se superponeva. === Studentes e personal educational === Le mobilizationes de studentes se concentrava super le conditiones del edificios scolastic, le falta de professores, le medios financiari del education public e le gastos militar. Le slogan «No Meloni Day» exprimeva etiam le opposition politic al governamento. Alcun manifestationes includeva revendicationes relative al immigration in le classes e al solidaritate con studentes francese. Le protestas educational occurreva in plure citates e esseva accompaniate per occupationes de lyceos, corteos e un sciopero del sector educational. Le incidentes violente occurreva in certe locos, ma le reportage distingueva le demonstrationes general del actiones de gruppos que se confrontava con le policia o danneggiava proprietates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=Gli studenti in piazza, cortei in tutta Italia |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Transportatores === Le transportatores protestava contra le augmento del precio del diesel e le custos operative del transporto de merces. Le stoppages e le punctos de protestation in le sud provocava retardos e difficultates in le circulation de camiones. Le actiones includeva le estacionamento de camiones proxime a vias e nodos de transporto e le interruption temporari de certe servicios. Le organisationes participante demandava discussiones con le governamento super le custos e le conditiones economic del sector. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=La protesta dei Tir infiamma il Sud, blocchi e code |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Agricultores === Le agricultores e productores agricultural manifestava contra le augmento del custos de production e le differentia inter le custos de cultivo e le precios que illes recipeva pro lor productos. In Puglia, le protestas includeva agricultores e productores de olive; in Basilicata, organisationes agricultural appoiava actiones concernente le precios e le reduction de certe supportos. Ben que le protestas agricultural se superponeva in tempore e in certe areas con le actiones del transportatores, le demandas del duo sectores non esseva identic. Le reportos disponibile non establi le existentia de un sol organisation national responsabile de tote le actiones. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.unionesarda.it/en/italy/truck-drivers-protesting-high-diesel-prices-truck-blocks-in-southern-italy-ieu8ayw9 |titulo=Truck drivers protesting high diesel prices: truck blocks in Southern Italy |sitioweb=L'Unione Sarda |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Confrontos e effectos == Le incidentes le plus grave del prime dies occurreva in Milan e Bologna. Le confrontos includeva le uso de petras e altere objectos contra le policia, le destruction de vitrinas, le incendios de receptaculos de immunditias e le saqueos de establimentos commercial. Le policia usava gas lacrimogene e cannones de aqua pro dispersar gruppos violente. In Milan, le perturbationes affectava le area de Piazza del Duomo e le Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, e alcun establimentos claudeva anticipatemente. Le station de metro del Duomo esseva temporarimente serrate durante le confrontos del 17 de octobre. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/aada57790a8d2d3c02ab55911b9ecead |titulo=Rioters loot stores, set fires in central Milan during cost-of-living protest |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le bilancio del arrestationes variava secundo le citate e le periodo considerate. Reuters reportava 28 arrestationes ligate al confrontos del 17 de octobre in cinque citates e, separatim, 32 arrestationes in Milan in relation con le disordines del dominica. Le autoritates mentionava etiam personas vulnerate, includente membros del policia. Le cifras debe esser interpretate secundo le data e le area del reporto, pro evitar confunder arrestationes, detentiones e personas signalate al justitia. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Responsa del governamento == Le Prime Ministro Giorgia Meloni condemnava le actos de violentia e convocava un incontro con ministros e responsabiles del securitate le 19 de octobre. Le governamento annunciava que illo examinava mesuras additional pro responder al disordines e reforçar le securitate in le citates affectate. Le proposta de disponer 500 militares in Milan esseva annunciate per Matteo Salvini, qui lo presentava como un mesura de reinfortiamento del securitate. Le governamento discutiva tamben le possibilitate de mesuras plus stricte concernente le violentia committite per minores e le action de gruppos de juvenes. Le detalle definitive del mesuras debe esser distinguite del propositiones e annunciamentos publicate durante le prime dies del crise. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Signification e contexto social == Le disordines de octobre 2026 reflecteva le coexistentia de plure fontes de malcontentamento: difficultates economic, augmento del custos del energia e del combustibile, problemas del education public e preoccupationes concernente le accesso al servicios public. Le manifestationes non forma un movimento homogenee. Le studentes, le transportatores e le agricultores habeva demandas e formas de action distincte, ben que le protestas occurreva durante le mesme periodo e in certe locos se influentiava reciprocamente. Le confrontos violente in alcun citates addeva un dimension de securitate public al debatte super le causas social e economic del mobilizationes. Le responsa del governamento, le effectos super le transporto e le commercio, e le continuation del manifestationes remaneva in evolution al 20 de octobre 2026. Le bilancio e le interpretation del disordines pote dunque cambiar conforme a nove informationes e al resultatos del investigationes official. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/italian-police-detain-hundreds-stores-looted-weekend-unrest-milan-2026-10-19/ |titulo=Milan luxury shops close for fear of new unrest as government prepares to deploy troops |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/aada57790a8d2d3c02ab55911b9ecead |titulo=Rioters loot stores, set fires in central Milan during cost-of-living protest |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/17/cost-of-living-protests-hit-belgium-italy-portugal-and-france |titulo=Cost of living protests hit Belgium, Italy, Portugal and France |sitioweb=Al Jazeera |fecha=17 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.euronews.com/2026/10/18/cost-of-living-protests-50-detained-in-milan-clashes-in-turin-and-bologna |titulo=Cost of living protests: 50 detained in Milan, clashes in Turin and Bologna |sitioweb=Euronews |fecha=18 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2026/10/16/ |titulo=Gli studenti in piazza, cortei in tutta Italia |sitioweb=Agenzia ANSA |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.unionesarda.it/en/italy/truck-drivers-protesting-high-diesel-prices-truck-blocks-in-southern-italy-ieu8ayw9 |titulo=Truck drivers protesting high diesel prices: truck blocks in Southern Italy |sitioweb=L'Unione Sarda |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Historia de Italia]] [[Categoria:2026 in Italia]] [[Categoria:Protestas in Italia]] owc901q5352x58bz13ju7c6hh0m5bp0 0 62377 704887 2026-10-20T08:18:44Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “<escape>{{Infobox/articulo/generic}}</escape> Le '''protestas de Generation Z''' es un serie de manifestationes, mobilisationes juvenil e movimentos de contestation politic que se ha developpate in diverse paises desde le fin del decennio de 2010, con un expansion international specialmente visibile durante 2024–2026. Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» designa un insimul heterogenee de movimentos, sovente initiate o impulsate per juvenes nascite circa inter le me...” 704887 wikitext text/x-wiki <escape>{{Infobox/articulo/generic}}</escape> Le '''protestas de Generation Z''' es un serie de manifestationes, mobilisationes juvenil e movimentos de contestation politic que se ha developpate in diverse paises desde le fin del decennio de 2010, con un expansion international specialmente visibile durante 2024–2026. Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» designa un insimul heterogenee de movimentos, sovente initiate o impulsate per juvenes nascite circa inter le medietate del annos 1990 e le initio del annos 2010. Illos non constitue un organisation international unic e non ha un programma commun. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le causas varia secundo le pais, ma include frequentemente le corruption, le inegalitate economic, le disoccupation juvenil, le augmento del costo del vita, le deterioramento del servicios public, le restrictiones del libertate de expression e le malcontentamento con le institutiones politic. Le medios digital e le retes social ha facilitated le coordination del demonstrationes e le circulation de symbolos e methodos de mobilization inter paises. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le movimentos ha producite resultatos differente. In certe casos, le protestas ha contribuite al demission de governantes o al revocation de politicas contestate; in altere casos, le autoritates ha respondite con arrestationes, restrictiones e uso del fortia. Le consequentias varia considerabilemente secundo le contexto national, le demandas del manifestantes e le responsa del institutiones. == Origines e contexto == Le activismo juvenil precede le apparition del expression «protestas de Gen Z». Durante le decennios precedente, juvenes habeva ja participate in movimentos pro le derectos civil, le protection del ambiente, le libertate politic e le reforma educational. Le mobilisationes contra le violentia armate in le Statos Unite in 2018 e le movimento climatic ''Fridays for Future''initiate per Greta Thunberg in le mesme anno, es exemplos del activismo juvenil que precedeva le actual unda de protestas. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/mar/11/youth-strike-for-climate-change-everything-you-need-to-know |titulo=Youth strike for climate: everything you need to know |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=11 de martio 2019 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le pandemia de COVID-19, le crise economic, le difficultates de accesso al empleo e al habitation e le inegalitates social contribuiva al contexto in le qual multe juvenes developpava lor activitate politic. Le expression «Gen Z» esseva gradualmente usate per le medios pro describer movimentos que combina protestationes traditional con formas de organisation basate super retes social e communication digital. Le extension del movimentos non significa que tote le personas del Generation Z participa in protestas o comparte le mesme orientation politic. Le participation pote reunir juvenes de differente classes social, orientationes politic e gruppos ethnic, e pote etiam extender se a altere generationes. == Causas e revendicationes == Le causas del protestas varia inter paises, ma plure temas recurre in le movimentos. === Corruption e responsabilitate politic === In multe paises, le manifestantes denuncia le corruption, le nepotismo, le uso private de recursos public e le falta de transparentia in le decisiones del governantes. Le protestas pote demandar investigationes independente, responsabilitate juridic, reformas institutional o le demission de responsables politic. Le dissatisfaction con le elites politic es sovente associate al perception que le institutiones non responde sufficientemente al necessitates del juvenes. In certe casos, le revendicationes initia con un problema specific e se extende postea a demandas plus large concernente le governamento e le systema politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Inegalitate e costo del vita === Le augmento del precio del alimentation, del energia, del habitation e del transporto ha alimentate protestas in diverse paises. Le juvenes denuncia le difficultate de acceder a empleos stabile, salarios sufficientemente alte e habitationes accessibile. In paises con alte nivellos de disoccupation juvenil, le falta de opportunitates professional e le perception de mobilitate social reducite ha contribuite al malcontentamento. Le demandas pote includer le creation de empleos, le melioramento del servicios public e le reduction del custos de necessitates basic. === Education e servicios public === Le education es un altere fonte de mobilization. Le protestas pote esser initiate per le augmento del custos educative, le reduction del subsidios, le insufficientia de professores o le deterioramento del edificios scolastic e universitari. In altere casos, le manifestantes demanda un melior accesso al sanitate, al aqua potabile e al electricitate. In Madagascar, per exemplo, le protestas de 2025 comenciava in relation con le interruptiones del servicios de aqua e electricitate, ante de extender se a demandas plus large concernente le governamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Libertate de expression e derectos politic === Le restriction del retes social, le censura, le repression del opposition e le allegationes de fraude electoral ha etiam provocate mobilisationes juvenil. Le protestas pote demandar le protection del libertate de expression, le derecto de reunir se e le observantia del proceduras democratic. Le movimento in Nepal in septembre 2025 es un exemplo: le decision del governamento de prohibir plure grande plataformas de retes social deveniva un detonator immediate de protestas ja alimentate per le indignation concernente le corruption e le nepotismo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Methodos de mobilization == Le protestas de Gen Z combina methodos traditional de mobilization con instrumentos digital. Le formas de action varia secundo le pais e le situation politic. Inter le methodos usate se trova: * Manifestationes e corteos in le vias public; * Assembleas, sit-in e occupationes de spatios public; * Scioperos e actiones de disobedientia civil; * Petitiones e campanias digital; * Publication de videos, messagios e information super le retes social; * Creation de gruppos de coordination e de canales de communication; * Uso de symbolos commun e de referentias cultural popular. Le retes social, includente TikTok, Instagram, X, Telegram e Discord, ha facilitated le diffusion rapide de informationes e le coordination de actiones. In certe casos, le participantes ha usate plure plataformas alternativ quando le autoritates restringeva le accesso a un servicio specific. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/self-censorship-documenting-repression-news-medias-role-protests-toppling-bangladeshs-pm |titulo=From self-censorship to documenting repression: news media's role in the protests toppling Bangladesh's PM |sitioweb=Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism |fecha=14 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation decentralisate es un altere characteristica de multe movimentos. Alcunes non ha un chef unic o un structura formal, ma se coordina per medio de gruppos local e communitates digital. Isto pote facilitar le participation, ben que le absentia de un direction central pote complicar le negotiation con le autoritates e le definition de objectivos commun. == Symbolos e cultura digital == Un del symbolos le plus recognoscibile associate al unda recente de protestas es le bandiera del Piratas del Cappello de Paglia del manga e anime japonese *One Piece*. Le bandiera, que representa un cranio con un cappello de paglia, esseva usate in demonstrationes in Indonesia, Nepal, Madagascar e altere paises. Le symbolo es associate al equipage fictive de ''One Piece'', que se oppone a autoritates oppressive in le historia. Su adoption per manifestantes ha functionate como un referentia cultural commun e como un expression de solidaritate inter movimentos que non possede necessarimente le mesme demandas. Le symbolo esseva etiam usate in protestas anterior a 2025, ma su visibilitate international augmentava durante le mobilisationes de ille anno. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le humor, memes, satira e referentias a videojuegos, manga e cultura popular forma parte del repertorio communicational del movimentos. Illos permitte diffunder messagios politic in formatos familiar a un parte importante del participantes e attinger audientias al exterior del spatio traditional del demonstrationes. == Principal protestas == Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» es usate pro un insimul de movimentos national. Le lista non es exhaustive e le inclusion de un evento sub iste denomination non significa que tote su participantes pertine al Generation Z. === Bangladesh (2024) === Le protestas in Bangladesh comenciava in julio 2024 como demonstrationes de studentes contra le systema de quotas in le recrutamento pro postos del administration public. Le movimento se extendeva a demandas concernente le corruption, le abuso de poter e le responsa del governamento al repression. Le 5 de augusto 2024, le Prime Ministra Sheikh Hasina demitteva e quitava le pais post plure septimanas de protestas e confrontos mortifere. Un governamento interin esseva postea constituite sub le direction del economista Muhammad Yunus. Le movimento es sovente considerate un del prime grande victorias del unda contemporanee de protestas associate a Gen Z. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/economic-indicators/explainerwhy-did-bangladesh-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-and-where-is-she-now-3556626 |titulo=Why did Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina resign and where is she now? |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=6 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Kenya (2024) === In Kenya, demonstrationes comenciava in junio 2024 contra le ''Finance Bill 2024'', que habeva proposite augmentos fiscal. Le protestas, largemente impulsate per juvenes e organisate per medio de retes social, se extendeva a demandas concernente le corruption e le responsabilitate del governamento. Le movimento duceva al retiro del projecto de lege e deveniva un del exemplos le plus visibile de mobilization juvenil contra mesuras economic considerate onerose. Le protestas includeva etiam confrontos e repression policial, con mortes e ferimentos reportate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Indonesia e altere paises asiatic (2025) === In Indonesia, le protestas de 2025 esseva alimentate per le indignation concernente le augmentos de indemnisationes e allocutiones pro parlamentarios, le difficultates economic e le allegationes de violentia policial. Le mobilisationes includeva demonstrationes e confrontationes in plure citates e duceva a un remaniamento del governamento e al revision de certe politicas. Protestas juvenil esseva reportate etiam in le Philippinas, Timor-Leste e le Maldivas, con demandas que variava inter le corruption, le gastos public, le responsabilitate del representantes electe e le accesso al servicios basic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Nepal (2025) === Le protestas de Gen Z in Nepal comenciava in septembre 2025 post le prohibition de plure plataformas de retes social per le governamento. Le decision provocava indignation inter juvenes que ja denunciava le corruption, le nepotismo e le stilos de vita del familias de politicos. Le demonstrationes deveniva violente e le repression causava numerose mortes e ferimentos. Le Prime Ministro K. P. Sharma Oli demitteva le 9 de septembre. Le prohibition del retes social esseva levate e un governamento interin esseva constituite sub Sushila Karki, ex-presidente del Corte Supreme. Le eventos deveniva un puncto de referentia pro altere movimentos juvenil. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Madagascar (2025) === In Madagascar, le protestas comenciava in septembre 2025 contra le interruptiones frequente del aqua e del electricitate. Le demonstrationes se extendeva a demandas concernente le responsabilitate del governamento e le conditiones de vita. Le repression e le confrontos causava mortes e ferimentos. Le presidente Andry Rajoelina dimitteva le prime ministro e le resto del governamento le 29 de septembre, ma inicialmente recusava demitter su cargo. Le crise continuava postea e deveniva un del casos le plus importante del unda de protestas juvenil in Africa. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Marocco (2025) === In Marocco, demonstrationes organisate in grande parte per juvenes se extendeva a plure citates a partir de septembre 2025. Le colectivo digital GenZ 212, nominate secundo le indicativo telephonic international del pais, reclamava plus de investimento in le sanitate e le education e denunciava le corruption e le falta de opportunitates. Le protestas comenciava con demonstrationes in favor de servicios public melior e deveniva plus intense in certe citates, ubi esseva reportate confrontationes, incendios, saqueos e interventiones del fortias de securitate. Le autoritates annunciava planos de investimento in le sanitate e le education, durante que le arrestationes e le allegationes de uso excessive del fortia restava objecto de controverse. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/moroccos-youth-police-clash-fifth-night-protests-demanding-education-health-care-2025-10-01/ |titulo=Morocco's youth and police clash for fifth night of protests demanding education and health care |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=1 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Bulgaria e altere paises europee (2025–2026) === In Bulgaria, protestas contra le corruption e un projecto de budgeto pro 2026 se extendeva inter novembre 2025 e januario 2026. Le mobilisationes duceva al retiro del projecto e al demission del governamento de Rosen Zhelyazkov. In altere partes de Europa, protestas associate a juvenes concerneva le costo del vita, le accesso al habitation, le education, le derectos politic e le corruption. Le participation de Gen Z non significa que tote iste movimentos habeva le mesme objectivos o que illos esseva directemente coordinat inter se. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Altere movimentos de 2026 === Durante 2026, le expression esseva applicate etiam a protestas in diverse paises, includente India, Japonia, Albania, Serbia, Georgia, le Philippinas e Pakistan. Le causas varia: controversias super examinationes educational e violentia policial in India; opposition a reformas constitutional in Japonia; allegationes de corruption e controlo del medios in Albania; e contestationes super le direction politic e le integritate electoral in Serbia e Georgia. Le inclusion de iste movimentos sub le etiqueta «Gen Z» depende del composition del participantes, del rolo del juvenes in le organisation e del maniera in que le medios e le actores del movimento los describe. Non existe un criterio international unic que determina si un protestation debe esser classificate como un protesta de Gen Z. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Repression e derectos human == In plure paises, le responsa del autoritates al protestas includeva restrictiones al manifestationes, arrestationes, uso de gas lacrimogene, cannones de aqua e, in certe casos, uso de armas de fogo. Le gravitate del repression varia considerabilemente inter le contextos national. Le casos de Bangladesh, Nepal e Madagascar includeva mortes e un numero importante de ferimentos. Le organismos de derectos human e le medios international examinava le circumstantias del interventiones policial, le proportionalitate del uso del fortia e le accesso al investigationes independente. Le violentia non esseva limitate al autoritates: in alcun protestas esseva reportate incendios, destruction de edificios, saqueos e aggressiones contra personas e proprietates. Le analyse del eventos necessita distinguer le manifestationes pacific, le actiones de disobedientia civil e le actos violente committite per certe participantes o per altere actores. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Impacto del retes social == Le retes social ha un rolo importante in le organisation del protestas. Illos permitte al participantes diffunder informationes, publicar videos de interventiones policial, coordinar reuniones e facer circular revendicationes sin depender integremente del medios traditional. Le uso de plataformas digital pote etiam facilitar le cooperation inter movimentos de paises differente. Le experientias de Nepal e Marocco monstrava que gruppos juvenil pote usar canales de communication online pro organizar actiones e adaptar tacticas usate in altere contextos. In Nepal, le prohibition de plure plataformas esseva un detonator immediate del protestas; in Marocco, le colectivo GenZ 212 usava Discord e altere retes pro coordinar su activitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Nonobstante, le communication digital non elimina le necessitate de organisation local, de participation in persona e de coordination logistic. Le accesso inegual al interrete, le surveillance online e le restrictiones del plataformas pote tamben limitar le activitate del movimentos. == Resultatos e interpretation == Le resultatos del protestas varia considerabilemente. In certe casos, le mobilisationes contribuiva al demission de governantes, al revocation de politicas o al adoption de mesuras public. In altere casos, le demandas principal non esseva satisfacte e le protestas esseva dispersate o reprimate. Le organisation del societate civil CIVICUS observa que le unda de protestas reflecte un malcontentamento plus large concernente le inegalitate, le corruption, le falta de opportunitates e le perception que le institutiones non responde al necessitates del juvenes. Illo nota tamben que le repression pote, in certe circumstantias, intensificar le mobilization in vice de terminar lo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» servi dunque como un categoria descriptive pro un serie de movimentos que comparte certe characteristicas, ma non como le nomine de un movimento mundial unificate. Le demandas, le orientationes politic, le resultatos e le relationes con le institutiones differe de pais a pais. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/self-censorship-documenting-repression-news-medias-role-protests-toppling-bangladeshs-pm |titulo=From self-censorship to documenting repression: news media's role in the protests toppling Bangladesh's PM |sitioweb=Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism |fecha=14 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/moroccos-youth-police-clash-fifth-night-protests-demanding-education-health-care-2025-10-01/ |titulo=Morocco's youth and police clash for fifth night of protests demanding education and health care |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=1 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Movimentos social]] [[Categoria:Protestas contemporanee]] 2loj0ue2y4d3biajgar53oy3yepm9iv 704888 704887 2026-10-20T08:19:06Z Interlingvisto 60932 704888 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''protestas de Generation Z''' es un serie de manifestationes, mobilisationes juvenil e movimentos de contestation politic que se ha developpate in diverse paises desde le fin del decennio de 2010, con un expansion international specialmente visibile durante 2024–2026. Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» designa un insimul heterogenee de movimentos, sovente initiate o impulsate per juvenes nascite circa inter le medietate del annos 1990 e le initio del annos 2010. Illos non constitue un organisation international unic e non ha un programma commun. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le causas varia secundo le pais, ma include frequentemente le corruption, le inegalitate economic, le disoccupation juvenil, le augmento del costo del vita, le deterioramento del servicios public, le restrictiones del libertate de expression e le malcontentamento con le institutiones politic. Le medios digital e le retes social ha facilitated le coordination del demonstrationes e le circulation de symbolos e methodos de mobilization inter paises. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le movimentos ha producite resultatos differente. In certe casos, le protestas ha contribuite al demission de governantes o al revocation de politicas contestate; in altere casos, le autoritates ha respondite con arrestationes, restrictiones e uso del fortia. Le consequentias varia considerabilemente secundo le contexto national, le demandas del manifestantes e le responsa del institutiones. == Origines e contexto == Le activismo juvenil precede le apparition del expression «protestas de Gen Z». Durante le decennios precedente, juvenes habeva ja participate in movimentos pro le derectos civil, le protection del ambiente, le libertate politic e le reforma educational. Le mobilisationes contra le violentia armate in le Statos Unite in 2018 e le movimento climatic ''Fridays for Future''initiate per Greta Thunberg in le mesme anno, es exemplos del activismo juvenil que precedeva le actual unda de protestas. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/mar/11/youth-strike-for-climate-change-everything-you-need-to-know |titulo=Youth strike for climate: everything you need to know |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=11 de martio 2019 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le pandemia de COVID-19, le crise economic, le difficultates de accesso al empleo e al habitation e le inegalitates social contribuiva al contexto in le qual multe juvenes developpava lor activitate politic. Le expression «Gen Z» esseva gradualmente usate per le medios pro describer movimentos que combina protestationes traditional con formas de organisation basate super retes social e communication digital. Le extension del movimentos non significa que tote le personas del Generation Z participa in protestas o comparte le mesme orientation politic. Le participation pote reunir juvenes de differente classes social, orientationes politic e gruppos ethnic, e pote etiam extender se a altere generationes. == Causas e revendicationes == Le causas del protestas varia inter paises, ma plure temas recurre in le movimentos. === Corruption e responsabilitate politic === In multe paises, le manifestantes denuncia le corruption, le nepotismo, le uso private de recursos public e le falta de transparentia in le decisiones del governantes. Le protestas pote demandar investigationes independente, responsabilitate juridic, reformas institutional o le demission de responsables politic. Le dissatisfaction con le elites politic es sovente associate al perception que le institutiones non responde sufficientemente al necessitates del juvenes. In certe casos, le revendicationes initia con un problema specific e se extende postea a demandas plus large concernente le governamento e le systema politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Inegalitate e costo del vita === Le augmento del precio del alimentation, del energia, del habitation e del transporto ha alimentate protestas in diverse paises. Le juvenes denuncia le difficultate de acceder a empleos stabile, salarios sufficientemente alte e habitationes accessibile. In paises con alte nivellos de disoccupation juvenil, le falta de opportunitates professional e le perception de mobilitate social reducite ha contribuite al malcontentamento. Le demandas pote includer le creation de empleos, le melioramento del servicios public e le reduction del custos de necessitates basic. === Education e servicios public === Le education es un altere fonte de mobilization. Le protestas pote esser initiate per le augmento del custos educative, le reduction del subsidios, le insufficientia de professores o le deterioramento del edificios scolastic e universitari. In altere casos, le manifestantes demanda un melior accesso al sanitate, al aqua potabile e al electricitate. In Madagascar, per exemplo, le protestas de 2025 comenciava in relation con le interruptiones del servicios de aqua e electricitate, ante de extender se a demandas plus large concernente le governamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Libertate de expression e derectos politic === Le restriction del retes social, le censura, le repression del opposition e le allegationes de fraude electoral ha etiam provocate mobilisationes juvenil. Le protestas pote demandar le protection del libertate de expression, le derecto de reunir se e le observantia del proceduras democratic. Le movimento in Nepal in septembre 2025 es un exemplo: le decision del governamento de prohibir plure grande plataformas de retes social deveniva un detonator immediate de protestas ja alimentate per le indignation concernente le corruption e le nepotismo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Methodos de mobilization == Le protestas de Gen Z combina methodos traditional de mobilization con instrumentos digital. Le formas de action varia secundo le pais e le situation politic. Inter le methodos usate se trova: * Manifestationes e corteos in le vias public; * Assembleas, sit-in e occupationes de spatios public; * Scioperos e actiones de disobedientia civil; * Petitiones e campanias digital; * Publication de videos, messagios e information super le retes social; * Creation de gruppos de coordination e de canales de communication; * Uso de symbolos commun e de referentias cultural popular. Le retes social, includente TikTok, Instagram, X, Telegram e Discord, ha facilitated le diffusion rapide de informationes e le coordination de actiones. In certe casos, le participantes ha usate plure plataformas alternativ quando le autoritates restringeva le accesso a un servicio specific. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/self-censorship-documenting-repression-news-medias-role-protests-toppling-bangladeshs-pm |titulo=From self-censorship to documenting repression: news media's role in the protests toppling Bangladesh's PM |sitioweb=Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism |fecha=14 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation decentralisate es un altere characteristica de multe movimentos. Alcunes non ha un chef unic o un structura formal, ma se coordina per medio de gruppos local e communitates digital. Isto pote facilitar le participation, ben que le absentia de un direction central pote complicar le negotiation con le autoritates e le definition de objectivos commun. == Symbolos e cultura digital == Un del symbolos le plus recognoscibile associate al unda recente de protestas es le bandiera del Piratas del Cappello de Paglia del manga e anime japonese *One Piece*. Le bandiera, que representa un cranio con un cappello de paglia, esseva usate in demonstrationes in Indonesia, Nepal, Madagascar e altere paises. Le symbolo es associate al equipage fictive de ''One Piece'', que se oppone a autoritates oppressive in le historia. Su adoption per manifestantes ha functionate como un referentia cultural commun e como un expression de solidaritate inter movimentos que non possede necessarimente le mesme demandas. Le symbolo esseva etiam usate in protestas anterior a 2025, ma su visibilitate international augmentava durante le mobilisationes de ille anno. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le humor, memes, satira e referentias a videojuegos, manga e cultura popular forma parte del repertorio communicational del movimentos. Illos permitte diffunder messagios politic in formatos familiar a un parte importante del participantes e attinger audientias al exterior del spatio traditional del demonstrationes. == Principal protestas == Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» es usate pro un insimul de movimentos national. Le lista non es exhaustive e le inclusion de un evento sub iste denomination non significa que tote su participantes pertine al Generation Z. === Bangladesh (2024) === Le protestas in Bangladesh comenciava in julio 2024 como demonstrationes de studentes contra le systema de quotas in le recrutamento pro postos del administration public. Le movimento se extendeva a demandas concernente le corruption, le abuso de poter e le responsa del governamento al repression. Le 5 de augusto 2024, le Prime Ministra Sheikh Hasina demitteva e quitava le pais post plure septimanas de protestas e confrontos mortifere. Un governamento interin esseva postea constituite sub le direction del economista Muhammad Yunus. Le movimento es sovente considerate un del prime grande victorias del unda contemporanee de protestas associate a Gen Z. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/economic-indicators/explainerwhy-did-bangladesh-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-and-where-is-she-now-3556626 |titulo=Why did Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina resign and where is she now? |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=6 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Kenya (2024) === In Kenya, demonstrationes comenciava in junio 2024 contra le ''Finance Bill 2024'', que habeva proposite augmentos fiscal. Le protestas, largemente impulsate per juvenes e organisate per medio de retes social, se extendeva a demandas concernente le corruption e le responsabilitate del governamento. Le movimento duceva al retiro del projecto de lege e deveniva un del exemplos le plus visibile de mobilization juvenil contra mesuras economic considerate onerose. Le protestas includeva etiam confrontos e repression policial, con mortes e ferimentos reportate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Indonesia e altere paises asiatic (2025) === In Indonesia, le protestas de 2025 esseva alimentate per le indignation concernente le augmentos de indemnisationes e allocutiones pro parlamentarios, le difficultates economic e le allegationes de violentia policial. Le mobilisationes includeva demonstrationes e confrontationes in plure citates e duceva a un remaniamento del governamento e al revision de certe politicas. Protestas juvenil esseva reportate etiam in le Philippinas, Timor-Leste e le Maldivas, con demandas que variava inter le corruption, le gastos public, le responsabilitate del representantes electe e le accesso al servicios basic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Nepal (2025) === Le protestas de Gen Z in Nepal comenciava in septembre 2025 post le prohibition de plure plataformas de retes social per le governamento. Le decision provocava indignation inter juvenes que ja denunciava le corruption, le nepotismo e le stilos de vita del familias de politicos. Le demonstrationes deveniva violente e le repression causava numerose mortes e ferimentos. Le Prime Ministro K. P. Sharma Oli demitteva le 9 de septembre. Le prohibition del retes social esseva levate e un governamento interin esseva constituite sub Sushila Karki, ex-presidente del Corte Supreme. Le eventos deveniva un puncto de referentia pro altere movimentos juvenil. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Madagascar (2025) === In Madagascar, le protestas comenciava in septembre 2025 contra le interruptiones frequente del aqua e del electricitate. Le demonstrationes se extendeva a demandas concernente le responsabilitate del governamento e le conditiones de vita. Le repression e le confrontos causava mortes e ferimentos. Le presidente Andry Rajoelina dimitteva le prime ministro e le resto del governamento le 29 de septembre, ma inicialmente recusava demitter su cargo. Le crise continuava postea e deveniva un del casos le plus importante del unda de protestas juvenil in Africa. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Marocco (2025) === In Marocco, demonstrationes organisate in grande parte per juvenes se extendeva a plure citates a partir de septembre 2025. Le colectivo digital GenZ 212, nominate secundo le indicativo telephonic international del pais, reclamava plus de investimento in le sanitate e le education e denunciava le corruption e le falta de opportunitates. Le protestas comenciava con demonstrationes in favor de servicios public melior e deveniva plus intense in certe citates, ubi esseva reportate confrontationes, incendios, saqueos e interventiones del fortias de securitate. Le autoritates annunciava planos de investimento in le sanitate e le education, durante que le arrestationes e le allegationes de uso excessive del fortia restava objecto de controverse. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/moroccos-youth-police-clash-fifth-night-protests-demanding-education-health-care-2025-10-01/ |titulo=Morocco's youth and police clash for fifth night of protests demanding education and health care |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=1 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Bulgaria e altere paises europee (2025–2026) === In Bulgaria, protestas contra le corruption e un projecto de budgeto pro 2026 se extendeva inter novembre 2025 e januario 2026. Le mobilisationes duceva al retiro del projecto e al demission del governamento de Rosen Zhelyazkov. In altere partes de Europa, protestas associate a juvenes concerneva le costo del vita, le accesso al habitation, le education, le derectos politic e le corruption. Le participation de Gen Z non significa que tote iste movimentos habeva le mesme objectivos o que illos esseva directemente coordinat inter se. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Altere movimentos de 2026 === Durante 2026, le expression esseva applicate etiam a protestas in diverse paises, includente India, Japonia, Albania, Serbia, Georgia, le Philippinas e Pakistan. Le causas varia: controversias super examinationes educational e violentia policial in India; opposition a reformas constitutional in Japonia; allegationes de corruption e controlo del medios in Albania; e contestationes super le direction politic e le integritate electoral in Serbia e Georgia. Le inclusion de iste movimentos sub le etiqueta «Gen Z» depende del composition del participantes, del rolo del juvenes in le organisation e del maniera in que le medios e le actores del movimento los describe. Non existe un criterio international unic que determina si un protestation debe esser classificate como un protesta de Gen Z. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Repression e derectos human == In plure paises, le responsa del autoritates al protestas includeva restrictiones al manifestationes, arrestationes, uso de gas lacrimogene, cannones de aqua e, in certe casos, uso de armas de fogo. Le gravitate del repression varia considerabilemente inter le contextos national. Le casos de Bangladesh, Nepal e Madagascar includeva mortes e un numero importante de ferimentos. Le organismos de derectos human e le medios international examinava le circumstantias del interventiones policial, le proportionalitate del uso del fortia e le accesso al investigationes independente. Le violentia non esseva limitate al autoritates: in alcun protestas esseva reportate incendios, destruction de edificios, saqueos e aggressiones contra personas e proprietates. Le analyse del eventos necessita distinguer le manifestationes pacific, le actiones de disobedientia civil e le actos violente committite per certe participantes o per altere actores. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Impacto del retes social == Le retes social ha un rolo importante in le organisation del protestas. Illos permitte al participantes diffunder informationes, publicar videos de interventiones policial, coordinar reuniones e facer circular revendicationes sin depender integremente del medios traditional. Le uso de plataformas digital pote etiam facilitar le cooperation inter movimentos de paises differente. Le experientias de Nepal e Marocco monstrava que gruppos juvenil pote usar canales de communication online pro organizar actiones e adaptar tacticas usate in altere contextos. In Nepal, le prohibition de plure plataformas esseva un detonator immediate del protestas; in Marocco, le colectivo GenZ 212 usava Discord e altere retes pro coordinar su activitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Nonobstante, le communication digital non elimina le necessitate de organisation local, de participation in persona e de coordination logistic. Le accesso inegual al interrete, le surveillance online e le restrictiones del plataformas pote tamben limitar le activitate del movimentos. == Resultatos e interpretation == Le resultatos del protestas varia considerabilemente. In certe casos, le mobilisationes contribuiva al demission de governantes, al revocation de politicas o al adoption de mesuras public. In altere casos, le demandas principal non esseva satisfacte e le protestas esseva dispersate o reprimate. Le organisation del societate civil CIVICUS observa que le unda de protestas reflecte un malcontentamento plus large concernente le inegalitate, le corruption, le falta de opportunitates e le perception que le institutiones non responde al necessitates del juvenes. Illo nota tamben que le repression pote, in certe circumstantias, intensificar le mobilization in vice de terminar lo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» servi dunque como un categoria descriptive pro un serie de movimentos que comparte certe characteristicas, ma non como le nomine de un movimento mundial unificate. Le demandas, le orientationes politic, le resultatos e le relationes con le institutiones differe de pais a pais. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/self-censorship-documenting-repression-news-medias-role-protests-toppling-bangladeshs-pm |titulo=From self-censorship to documenting repression: news media's role in the protests toppling Bangladesh's PM |sitioweb=Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism |fecha=14 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/moroccos-youth-police-clash-fifth-night-protests-demanding-education-health-care-2025-10-01/ |titulo=Morocco's youth and police clash for fifth night of protests demanding education and health care |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=1 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Movimentos social]] [[Categoria:Protestas contemporanee]] 57b1fev8r9pboae3s1fkr9ajied5ujj 704892 704888 2026-10-20T08:33:32Z Interlingvisto 60932 Interlingvisto ha renominate le pagina [[Protestas de Generation Z]] a [[Protestas del Generation Z]] 704888 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''protestas de Generation Z''' es un serie de manifestationes, mobilisationes juvenil e movimentos de contestation politic que se ha developpate in diverse paises desde le fin del decennio de 2010, con un expansion international specialmente visibile durante 2024–2026. Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» designa un insimul heterogenee de movimentos, sovente initiate o impulsate per juvenes nascite circa inter le medietate del annos 1990 e le initio del annos 2010. Illos non constitue un organisation international unic e non ha un programma commun. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le causas varia secundo le pais, ma include frequentemente le corruption, le inegalitate economic, le disoccupation juvenil, le augmento del costo del vita, le deterioramento del servicios public, le restrictiones del libertate de expression e le malcontentamento con le institutiones politic. Le medios digital e le retes social ha facilitated le coordination del demonstrationes e le circulation de symbolos e methodos de mobilization inter paises. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le movimentos ha producite resultatos differente. In certe casos, le protestas ha contribuite al demission de governantes o al revocation de politicas contestate; in altere casos, le autoritates ha respondite con arrestationes, restrictiones e uso del fortia. Le consequentias varia considerabilemente secundo le contexto national, le demandas del manifestantes e le responsa del institutiones. == Origines e contexto == Le activismo juvenil precede le apparition del expression «protestas de Gen Z». Durante le decennios precedente, juvenes habeva ja participate in movimentos pro le derectos civil, le protection del ambiente, le libertate politic e le reforma educational. Le mobilisationes contra le violentia armate in le Statos Unite in 2018 e le movimento climatic ''Fridays for Future''initiate per Greta Thunberg in le mesme anno, es exemplos del activismo juvenil que precedeva le actual unda de protestas. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/mar/11/youth-strike-for-climate-change-everything-you-need-to-know |titulo=Youth strike for climate: everything you need to know |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=11 de martio 2019 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le pandemia de COVID-19, le crise economic, le difficultates de accesso al empleo e al habitation e le inegalitates social contribuiva al contexto in le qual multe juvenes developpava lor activitate politic. Le expression «Gen Z» esseva gradualmente usate per le medios pro describer movimentos que combina protestationes traditional con formas de organisation basate super retes social e communication digital. Le extension del movimentos non significa que tote le personas del Generation Z participa in protestas o comparte le mesme orientation politic. Le participation pote reunir juvenes de differente classes social, orientationes politic e gruppos ethnic, e pote etiam extender se a altere generationes. == Causas e revendicationes == Le causas del protestas varia inter paises, ma plure temas recurre in le movimentos. === Corruption e responsabilitate politic === In multe paises, le manifestantes denuncia le corruption, le nepotismo, le uso private de recursos public e le falta de transparentia in le decisiones del governantes. Le protestas pote demandar investigationes independente, responsabilitate juridic, reformas institutional o le demission de responsables politic. Le dissatisfaction con le elites politic es sovente associate al perception que le institutiones non responde sufficientemente al necessitates del juvenes. In certe casos, le revendicationes initia con un problema specific e se extende postea a demandas plus large concernente le governamento e le systema politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Inegalitate e costo del vita === Le augmento del precio del alimentation, del energia, del habitation e del transporto ha alimentate protestas in diverse paises. Le juvenes denuncia le difficultate de acceder a empleos stabile, salarios sufficientemente alte e habitationes accessibile. In paises con alte nivellos de disoccupation juvenil, le falta de opportunitates professional e le perception de mobilitate social reducite ha contribuite al malcontentamento. Le demandas pote includer le creation de empleos, le melioramento del servicios public e le reduction del custos de necessitates basic. === Education e servicios public === Le education es un altere fonte de mobilization. Le protestas pote esser initiate per le augmento del custos educative, le reduction del subsidios, le insufficientia de professores o le deterioramento del edificios scolastic e universitari. In altere casos, le manifestantes demanda un melior accesso al sanitate, al aqua potabile e al electricitate. In Madagascar, per exemplo, le protestas de 2025 comenciava in relation con le interruptiones del servicios de aqua e electricitate, ante de extender se a demandas plus large concernente le governamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Libertate de expression e derectos politic === Le restriction del retes social, le censura, le repression del opposition e le allegationes de fraude electoral ha etiam provocate mobilisationes juvenil. Le protestas pote demandar le protection del libertate de expression, le derecto de reunir se e le observantia del proceduras democratic. Le movimento in Nepal in septembre 2025 es un exemplo: le decision del governamento de prohibir plure grande plataformas de retes social deveniva un detonator immediate de protestas ja alimentate per le indignation concernente le corruption e le nepotismo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Methodos de mobilization == Le protestas de Gen Z combina methodos traditional de mobilization con instrumentos digital. Le formas de action varia secundo le pais e le situation politic. Inter le methodos usate se trova: * Manifestationes e corteos in le vias public; * Assembleas, sit-in e occupationes de spatios public; * Scioperos e actiones de disobedientia civil; * Petitiones e campanias digital; * Publication de videos, messagios e information super le retes social; * Creation de gruppos de coordination e de canales de communication; * Uso de symbolos commun e de referentias cultural popular. Le retes social, includente TikTok, Instagram, X, Telegram e Discord, ha facilitated le diffusion rapide de informationes e le coordination de actiones. In certe casos, le participantes ha usate plure plataformas alternativ quando le autoritates restringeva le accesso a un servicio specific. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/self-censorship-documenting-repression-news-medias-role-protests-toppling-bangladeshs-pm |titulo=From self-censorship to documenting repression: news media's role in the protests toppling Bangladesh's PM |sitioweb=Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism |fecha=14 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation decentralisate es un altere characteristica de multe movimentos. Alcunes non ha un chef unic o un structura formal, ma se coordina per medio de gruppos local e communitates digital. Isto pote facilitar le participation, ben que le absentia de un direction central pote complicar le negotiation con le autoritates e le definition de objectivos commun. == Symbolos e cultura digital == Un del symbolos le plus recognoscibile associate al unda recente de protestas es le bandiera del Piratas del Cappello de Paglia del manga e anime japonese *One Piece*. Le bandiera, que representa un cranio con un cappello de paglia, esseva usate in demonstrationes in Indonesia, Nepal, Madagascar e altere paises. Le symbolo es associate al equipage fictive de ''One Piece'', que se oppone a autoritates oppressive in le historia. Su adoption per manifestantes ha functionate como un referentia cultural commun e como un expression de solidaritate inter movimentos que non possede necessarimente le mesme demandas. Le symbolo esseva etiam usate in protestas anterior a 2025, ma su visibilitate international augmentava durante le mobilisationes de ille anno. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le humor, memes, satira e referentias a videojuegos, manga e cultura popular forma parte del repertorio communicational del movimentos. Illos permitte diffunder messagios politic in formatos familiar a un parte importante del participantes e attinger audientias al exterior del spatio traditional del demonstrationes. == Principal protestas == Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» es usate pro un insimul de movimentos national. Le lista non es exhaustive e le inclusion de un evento sub iste denomination non significa que tote su participantes pertine al Generation Z. === Bangladesh (2024) === Le protestas in Bangladesh comenciava in julio 2024 como demonstrationes de studentes contra le systema de quotas in le recrutamento pro postos del administration public. Le movimento se extendeva a demandas concernente le corruption, le abuso de poter e le responsa del governamento al repression. Le 5 de augusto 2024, le Prime Ministra Sheikh Hasina demitteva e quitava le pais post plure septimanas de protestas e confrontos mortifere. Un governamento interin esseva postea constituite sub le direction del economista Muhammad Yunus. Le movimento es sovente considerate un del prime grande victorias del unda contemporanee de protestas associate a Gen Z. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/economic-indicators/explainerwhy-did-bangladesh-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-and-where-is-she-now-3556626 |titulo=Why did Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina resign and where is she now? |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=6 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Kenya (2024) === In Kenya, demonstrationes comenciava in junio 2024 contra le ''Finance Bill 2024'', que habeva proposite augmentos fiscal. Le protestas, largemente impulsate per juvenes e organisate per medio de retes social, se extendeva a demandas concernente le corruption e le responsabilitate del governamento. Le movimento duceva al retiro del projecto de lege e deveniva un del exemplos le plus visibile de mobilization juvenil contra mesuras economic considerate onerose. Le protestas includeva etiam confrontos e repression policial, con mortes e ferimentos reportate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Indonesia e altere paises asiatic (2025) === In Indonesia, le protestas de 2025 esseva alimentate per le indignation concernente le augmentos de indemnisationes e allocutiones pro parlamentarios, le difficultates economic e le allegationes de violentia policial. Le mobilisationes includeva demonstrationes e confrontationes in plure citates e duceva a un remaniamento del governamento e al revision de certe politicas. Protestas juvenil esseva reportate etiam in le Philippinas, Timor-Leste e le Maldivas, con demandas que variava inter le corruption, le gastos public, le responsabilitate del representantes electe e le accesso al servicios basic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Nepal (2025) === Le protestas de Gen Z in Nepal comenciava in septembre 2025 post le prohibition de plure plataformas de retes social per le governamento. Le decision provocava indignation inter juvenes que ja denunciava le corruption, le nepotismo e le stilos de vita del familias de politicos. Le demonstrationes deveniva violente e le repression causava numerose mortes e ferimentos. Le Prime Ministro K. P. Sharma Oli demitteva le 9 de septembre. Le prohibition del retes social esseva levate e un governamento interin esseva constituite sub Sushila Karki, ex-presidente del Corte Supreme. Le eventos deveniva un puncto de referentia pro altere movimentos juvenil. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Madagascar (2025) === In Madagascar, le protestas comenciava in septembre 2025 contra le interruptiones frequente del aqua e del electricitate. Le demonstrationes se extendeva a demandas concernente le responsabilitate del governamento e le conditiones de vita. Le repression e le confrontos causava mortes e ferimentos. Le presidente Andry Rajoelina dimitteva le prime ministro e le resto del governamento le 29 de septembre, ma inicialmente recusava demitter su cargo. Le crise continuava postea e deveniva un del casos le plus importante del unda de protestas juvenil in Africa. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Marocco (2025) === In Marocco, demonstrationes organisate in grande parte per juvenes se extendeva a plure citates a partir de septembre 2025. Le colectivo digital GenZ 212, nominate secundo le indicativo telephonic international del pais, reclamava plus de investimento in le sanitate e le education e denunciava le corruption e le falta de opportunitates. Le protestas comenciava con demonstrationes in favor de servicios public melior e deveniva plus intense in certe citates, ubi esseva reportate confrontationes, incendios, saqueos e interventiones del fortias de securitate. Le autoritates annunciava planos de investimento in le sanitate e le education, durante que le arrestationes e le allegationes de uso excessive del fortia restava objecto de controverse. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/moroccos-youth-police-clash-fifth-night-protests-demanding-education-health-care-2025-10-01/ |titulo=Morocco's youth and police clash for fifth night of protests demanding education and health care |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=1 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Bulgaria e altere paises europee (2025–2026) === In Bulgaria, protestas contra le corruption e un projecto de budgeto pro 2026 se extendeva inter novembre 2025 e januario 2026. Le mobilisationes duceva al retiro del projecto e al demission del governamento de Rosen Zhelyazkov. In altere partes de Europa, protestas associate a juvenes concerneva le costo del vita, le accesso al habitation, le education, le derectos politic e le corruption. Le participation de Gen Z non significa que tote iste movimentos habeva le mesme objectivos o que illos esseva directemente coordinat inter se. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Altere movimentos de 2026 === Durante 2026, le expression esseva applicate etiam a protestas in diverse paises, includente India, Japonia, Albania, Serbia, Georgia, le Philippinas e Pakistan. Le causas varia: controversias super examinationes educational e violentia policial in India; opposition a reformas constitutional in Japonia; allegationes de corruption e controlo del medios in Albania; e contestationes super le direction politic e le integritate electoral in Serbia e Georgia. Le inclusion de iste movimentos sub le etiqueta «Gen Z» depende del composition del participantes, del rolo del juvenes in le organisation e del maniera in que le medios e le actores del movimento los describe. Non existe un criterio international unic que determina si un protestation debe esser classificate como un protesta de Gen Z. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Repression e derectos human == In plure paises, le responsa del autoritates al protestas includeva restrictiones al manifestationes, arrestationes, uso de gas lacrimogene, cannones de aqua e, in certe casos, uso de armas de fogo. Le gravitate del repression varia considerabilemente inter le contextos national. Le casos de Bangladesh, Nepal e Madagascar includeva mortes e un numero importante de ferimentos. Le organismos de derectos human e le medios international examinava le circumstantias del interventiones policial, le proportionalitate del uso del fortia e le accesso al investigationes independente. Le violentia non esseva limitate al autoritates: in alcun protestas esseva reportate incendios, destruction de edificios, saqueos e aggressiones contra personas e proprietates. Le analyse del eventos necessita distinguer le manifestationes pacific, le actiones de disobedientia civil e le actos violente committite per certe participantes o per altere actores. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Impacto del retes social == Le retes social ha un rolo importante in le organisation del protestas. Illos permitte al participantes diffunder informationes, publicar videos de interventiones policial, coordinar reuniones e facer circular revendicationes sin depender integremente del medios traditional. Le uso de plataformas digital pote etiam facilitar le cooperation inter movimentos de paises differente. Le experientias de Nepal e Marocco monstrava que gruppos juvenil pote usar canales de communication online pro organizar actiones e adaptar tacticas usate in altere contextos. In Nepal, le prohibition de plure plataformas esseva un detonator immediate del protestas; in Marocco, le colectivo GenZ 212 usava Discord e altere retes pro coordinar su activitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Nonobstante, le communication digital non elimina le necessitate de organisation local, de participation in persona e de coordination logistic. Le accesso inegual al interrete, le surveillance online e le restrictiones del plataformas pote tamben limitar le activitate del movimentos. == Resultatos e interpretation == Le resultatos del protestas varia considerabilemente. In certe casos, le mobilisationes contribuiva al demission de governantes, al revocation de politicas o al adoption de mesuras public. In altere casos, le demandas principal non esseva satisfacte e le protestas esseva dispersate o reprimate. Le organisation del societate civil CIVICUS observa que le unda de protestas reflecte un malcontentamento plus large concernente le inegalitate, le corruption, le falta de opportunitates e le perception que le institutiones non responde al necessitates del juvenes. Illo nota tamben que le repression pote, in certe circumstantias, intensificar le mobilization in vice de terminar lo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» servi dunque como un categoria descriptive pro un serie de movimentos que comparte certe characteristicas, ma non como le nomine de un movimento mundial unificate. Le demandas, le orientationes politic, le resultatos e le relationes con le institutiones differe de pais a pais. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/self-censorship-documenting-repression-news-medias-role-protests-toppling-bangladeshs-pm |titulo=From self-censorship to documenting repression: news media's role in the protests toppling Bangladesh's PM |sitioweb=Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism |fecha=14 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/moroccos-youth-police-clash-fifth-night-protests-demanding-education-health-care-2025-10-01/ |titulo=Morocco's youth and police clash for fifth night of protests demanding education and health care |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=1 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Movimentos social]] [[Categoria:Protestas contemporanee]] 57b1fev8r9pboae3s1fkr9ajied5ujj 704894 704892 2026-10-20T08:33:42Z Interlingvisto 60932 704894 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''protestas del Generation Z''' es un serie de manifestationes, mobilisationes juvenil e movimentos de contestation politic que se ha developpate in diverse paises desde le fin del decennio de 2010, con un expansion international specialmente visibile durante 2024–2026. Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» designa un insimul heterogenee de movimentos, sovente initiate o impulsate per juvenes nascite circa inter le medietate del annos 1990 e le initio del annos 2010. Illos non constitue un organisation international unic e non ha un programma commun. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le causas varia secundo le pais, ma include frequentemente le corruption, le inegalitate economic, le disoccupation juvenil, le augmento del costo del vita, le deterioramento del servicios public, le restrictiones del libertate de expression e le malcontentamento con le institutiones politic. Le medios digital e le retes social ha facilitated le coordination del demonstrationes e le circulation de symbolos e methodos de mobilization inter paises. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le movimentos ha producite resultatos differente. In certe casos, le protestas ha contribuite al demission de governantes o al revocation de politicas contestate; in altere casos, le autoritates ha respondite con arrestationes, restrictiones e uso del fortia. Le consequentias varia considerabilemente secundo le contexto national, le demandas del manifestantes e le responsa del institutiones. == Origines e contexto == Le activismo juvenil precede le apparition del expression «protestas de Gen Z». Durante le decennios precedente, juvenes habeva ja participate in movimentos pro le derectos civil, le protection del ambiente, le libertate politic e le reforma educational. Le mobilisationes contra le violentia armate in le Statos Unite in 2018 e le movimento climatic ''Fridays for Future''initiate per Greta Thunberg in le mesme anno, es exemplos del activismo juvenil que precedeva le actual unda de protestas. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/mar/11/youth-strike-for-climate-change-everything-you-need-to-know |titulo=Youth strike for climate: everything you need to know |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=11 de martio 2019 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le pandemia de COVID-19, le crise economic, le difficultates de accesso al empleo e al habitation e le inegalitates social contribuiva al contexto in le qual multe juvenes developpava lor activitate politic. Le expression «Gen Z» esseva gradualmente usate per le medios pro describer movimentos que combina protestationes traditional con formas de organisation basate super retes social e communication digital. Le extension del movimentos non significa que tote le personas del Generation Z participa in protestas o comparte le mesme orientation politic. Le participation pote reunir juvenes de differente classes social, orientationes politic e gruppos ethnic, e pote etiam extender se a altere generationes. == Causas e revendicationes == Le causas del protestas varia inter paises, ma plure temas recurre in le movimentos. === Corruption e responsabilitate politic === In multe paises, le manifestantes denuncia le corruption, le nepotismo, le uso private de recursos public e le falta de transparentia in le decisiones del governantes. Le protestas pote demandar investigationes independente, responsabilitate juridic, reformas institutional o le demission de responsables politic. Le dissatisfaction con le elites politic es sovente associate al perception que le institutiones non responde sufficientemente al necessitates del juvenes. In certe casos, le revendicationes initia con un problema specific e se extende postea a demandas plus large concernente le governamento e le systema politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Inegalitate e costo del vita === Le augmento del precio del alimentation, del energia, del habitation e del transporto ha alimentate protestas in diverse paises. Le juvenes denuncia le difficultate de acceder a empleos stabile, salarios sufficientemente alte e habitationes accessibile. In paises con alte nivellos de disoccupation juvenil, le falta de opportunitates professional e le perception de mobilitate social reducite ha contribuite al malcontentamento. Le demandas pote includer le creation de empleos, le melioramento del servicios public e le reduction del custos de necessitates basic. === Education e servicios public === Le education es un altere fonte de mobilization. Le protestas pote esser initiate per le augmento del custos educative, le reduction del subsidios, le insufficientia de professores o le deterioramento del edificios scolastic e universitari. In altere casos, le manifestantes demanda un melior accesso al sanitate, al aqua potabile e al electricitate. In Madagascar, per exemplo, le protestas de 2025 comenciava in relation con le interruptiones del servicios de aqua e electricitate, ante de extender se a demandas plus large concernente le governamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Libertate de expression e derectos politic === Le restriction del retes social, le censura, le repression del opposition e le allegationes de fraude electoral ha etiam provocate mobilisationes juvenil. Le protestas pote demandar le protection del libertate de expression, le derecto de reunir se e le observantia del proceduras democratic. Le movimento in Nepal in septembre 2025 es un exemplo: le decision del governamento de prohibir plure grande plataformas de retes social deveniva un detonator immediate de protestas ja alimentate per le indignation concernente le corruption e le nepotismo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Methodos de mobilization == Le protestas de Gen Z combina methodos traditional de mobilization con instrumentos digital. Le formas de action varia secundo le pais e le situation politic. Inter le methodos usate se trova: * Manifestationes e corteos in le vias public; * Assembleas, sit-in e occupationes de spatios public; * Scioperos e actiones de disobedientia civil; * Petitiones e campanias digital; * Publication de videos, messagios e information super le retes social; * Creation de gruppos de coordination e de canales de communication; * Uso de symbolos commun e de referentias cultural popular. Le retes social, includente TikTok, Instagram, X, Telegram e Discord, ha facilitated le diffusion rapide de informationes e le coordination de actiones. In certe casos, le participantes ha usate plure plataformas alternativ quando le autoritates restringeva le accesso a un servicio specific. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/self-censorship-documenting-repression-news-medias-role-protests-toppling-bangladeshs-pm |titulo=From self-censorship to documenting repression: news media's role in the protests toppling Bangladesh's PM |sitioweb=Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism |fecha=14 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le organisation decentralisate es un altere characteristica de multe movimentos. Alcunes non ha un chef unic o un structura formal, ma se coordina per medio de gruppos local e communitates digital. Isto pote facilitar le participation, ben que le absentia de un direction central pote complicar le negotiation con le autoritates e le definition de objectivos commun. == Symbolos e cultura digital == Un del symbolos le plus recognoscibile associate al unda recente de protestas es le bandiera del Piratas del Cappello de Paglia del manga e anime japonese *One Piece*. Le bandiera, que representa un cranio con un cappello de paglia, esseva usate in demonstrationes in Indonesia, Nepal, Madagascar e altere paises. Le symbolo es associate al equipage fictive de ''One Piece'', que se oppone a autoritates oppressive in le historia. Su adoption per manifestantes ha functionate como un referentia cultural commun e como un expression de solidaritate inter movimentos que non possede necessarimente le mesme demandas. Le symbolo esseva etiam usate in protestas anterior a 2025, ma su visibilitate international augmentava durante le mobilisationes de ille anno. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le humor, memes, satira e referentias a videojuegos, manga e cultura popular forma parte del repertorio communicational del movimentos. Illos permitte diffunder messagios politic in formatos familiar a un parte importante del participantes e attinger audientias al exterior del spatio traditional del demonstrationes. == Principal protestas == Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» es usate pro un insimul de movimentos national. Le lista non es exhaustive e le inclusion de un evento sub iste denomination non significa que tote su participantes pertine al Generation Z. === Bangladesh (2024) === Le protestas in Bangladesh comenciava in julio 2024 como demonstrationes de studentes contra le systema de quotas in le recrutamento pro postos del administration public. Le movimento se extendeva a demandas concernente le corruption, le abuso de poter e le responsa del governamento al repression. Le 5 de augusto 2024, le Prime Ministra Sheikh Hasina demitteva e quitava le pais post plure septimanas de protestas e confrontos mortifere. Un governamento interin esseva postea constituite sub le direction del economista Muhammad Yunus. Le movimento es sovente considerate un del prime grande victorias del unda contemporanee de protestas associate a Gen Z. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/economic-indicators/explainerwhy-did-bangladesh-pm-sheikh-hasina-resign-and-where-is-she-now-3556626 |titulo=Why did Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina resign and where is she now? |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=6 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Kenya (2024) === In Kenya, demonstrationes comenciava in junio 2024 contra le ''Finance Bill 2024'', que habeva proposite augmentos fiscal. Le protestas, largemente impulsate per juvenes e organisate per medio de retes social, se extendeva a demandas concernente le corruption e le responsabilitate del governamento. Le movimento duceva al retiro del projecto de lege e deveniva un del exemplos le plus visibile de mobilization juvenil contra mesuras economic considerate onerose. Le protestas includeva etiam confrontos e repression policial, con mortes e ferimentos reportate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Indonesia e altere paises asiatic (2025) === In Indonesia, le protestas de 2025 esseva alimentate per le indignation concernente le augmentos de indemnisationes e allocutiones pro parlamentarios, le difficultates economic e le allegationes de violentia policial. Le mobilisationes includeva demonstrationes e confrontationes in plure citates e duceva a un remaniamento del governamento e al revision de certe politicas. Protestas juvenil esseva reportate etiam in le Philippinas, Timor-Leste e le Maldivas, con demandas que variava inter le corruption, le gastos public, le responsabilitate del representantes electe e le accesso al servicios basic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Nepal (2025) === Le protestas de Gen Z in Nepal comenciava in septembre 2025 post le prohibition de plure plataformas de retes social per le governamento. Le decision provocava indignation inter juvenes que ja denunciava le corruption, le nepotismo e le stilos de vita del familias de politicos. Le demonstrationes deveniva violente e le repression causava numerose mortes e ferimentos. Le Prime Ministro K. P. Sharma Oli demitteva le 9 de septembre. Le prohibition del retes social esseva levate e un governamento interin esseva constituite sub Sushila Karki, ex-presidente del Corte Supreme. Le eventos deveniva un puncto de referentia pro altere movimentos juvenil. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Madagascar (2025) === In Madagascar, le protestas comenciava in septembre 2025 contra le interruptiones frequente del aqua e del electricitate. Le demonstrationes se extendeva a demandas concernente le responsabilitate del governamento e le conditiones de vita. Le repression e le confrontos causava mortes e ferimentos. Le presidente Andry Rajoelina dimitteva le prime ministro e le resto del governamento le 29 de septembre, ma inicialmente recusava demitter su cargo. Le crise continuava postea e deveniva un del casos le plus importante del unda de protestas juvenil in Africa. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Marocco (2025) === In Marocco, demonstrationes organisate in grande parte per juvenes se extendeva a plure citates a partir de septembre 2025. Le colectivo digital GenZ 212, nominate secundo le indicativo telephonic international del pais, reclamava plus de investimento in le sanitate e le education e denunciava le corruption e le falta de opportunitates. Le protestas comenciava con demonstrationes in favor de servicios public melior e deveniva plus intense in certe citates, ubi esseva reportate confrontationes, incendios, saqueos e interventiones del fortias de securitate. Le autoritates annunciava planos de investimento in le sanitate e le education, durante que le arrestationes e le allegationes de uso excessive del fortia restava objecto de controverse. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/moroccos-youth-police-clash-fifth-night-protests-demanding-education-health-care-2025-10-01/ |titulo=Morocco's youth and police clash for fifth night of protests demanding education and health care |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=1 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Bulgaria e altere paises europee (2025–2026) === In Bulgaria, protestas contra le corruption e un projecto de budgeto pro 2026 se extendeva inter novembre 2025 e januario 2026. Le mobilisationes duceva al retiro del projecto e al demission del governamento de Rosen Zhelyazkov. In altere partes de Europa, protestas associate a juvenes concerneva le costo del vita, le accesso al habitation, le education, le derectos politic e le corruption. Le participation de Gen Z non significa que tote iste movimentos habeva le mesme objectivos o que illos esseva directemente coordinat inter se. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Altere movimentos de 2026 === Durante 2026, le expression esseva applicate etiam a protestas in diverse paises, includente India, Japonia, Albania, Serbia, Georgia, le Philippinas e Pakistan. Le causas varia: controversias super examinationes educational e violentia policial in India; opposition a reformas constitutional in Japonia; allegationes de corruption e controlo del medios in Albania; e contestationes super le direction politic e le integritate electoral in Serbia e Georgia. Le inclusion de iste movimentos sub le etiqueta «Gen Z» depende del composition del participantes, del rolo del juvenes in le organisation e del maniera in que le medios e le actores del movimento los describe. Non existe un criterio international unic que determina si un protestation debe esser classificate como un protesta de Gen Z. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Repression e derectos human == In plure paises, le responsa del autoritates al protestas includeva restrictiones al manifestationes, arrestationes, uso de gas lacrimogene, cannones de aqua e, in certe casos, uso de armas de fogo. Le gravitate del repression varia considerabilemente inter le contextos national. Le casos de Bangladesh, Nepal e Madagascar includeva mortes e un numero importante de ferimentos. Le organismos de derectos human e le medios international examinava le circumstantias del interventiones policial, le proportionalitate del uso del fortia e le accesso al investigationes independente. Le violentia non esseva limitate al autoritates: in alcun protestas esseva reportate incendios, destruction de edificios, saqueos e aggressiones contra personas e proprietates. Le analyse del eventos necessita distinguer le manifestationes pacific, le actiones de disobedientia civil e le actos violente committite per certe participantes o per altere actores. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Impacto del retes social == Le retes social ha un rolo importante in le organisation del protestas. Illos permitte al participantes diffunder informationes, publicar videos de interventiones policial, coordinar reuniones e facer circular revendicationes sin depender integremente del medios traditional. Le uso de plataformas digital pote etiam facilitar le cooperation inter movimentos de paises differente. Le experientias de Nepal e Marocco monstrava que gruppos juvenil pote usar canales de communication online pro organizar actiones e adaptar tacticas usate in altere contextos. In Nepal, le prohibition de plure plataformas esseva un detonator immediate del protestas; in Marocco, le colectivo GenZ 212 usava Discord e altere retes pro coordinar su activitate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Nonobstante, le communication digital non elimina le necessitate de organisation local, de participation in persona e de coordination logistic. Le accesso inegual al interrete, le surveillance online e le restrictiones del plataformas pote tamben limitar le activitate del movimentos. == Resultatos e interpretation == Le resultatos del protestas varia considerabilemente. In certe casos, le mobilisationes contribuiva al demission de governantes, al revocation de politicas o al adoption de mesuras public. In altere casos, le demandas principal non esseva satisfacte e le protestas esseva dispersate o reprimate. Le organisation del societate civil CIVICUS observa que le unda de protestas reflecte un malcontentamento plus large concernente le inegalitate, le corruption, le falta de opportunitates e le perception que le institutiones non responde al necessitates del juvenes. Illo nota tamben que le repression pote, in certe circumstantias, intensificar le mobilization in vice de terminar lo. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le expression «protestas de Gen Z» servi dunque como un categoria descriptive pro un serie de movimentos que comparte certe characteristicas, ma non como le nomine de un movimento mundial unificate. Le demandas, le orientationes politic, le resultatos e le relationes con le institutiones differe de pais a pais. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/self-censorship-documenting-repression-news-medias-role-protests-toppling-bangladeshs-pm |titulo=From self-censorship to documenting repression: news media's role in the protests toppling Bangladesh's PM |sitioweb=Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism |fecha=14 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7fdc429b089938b97ea044a65b4466 |titulo=Madagascar's president fires the government following days of deadly Gen Z protests |sitioweb=Associated Press |fecha=29 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/moroccos-youth-police-clash-fifth-night-protests-demanding-education-health-care-2025-10-01/ |titulo=Morocco's youth and police clash for fifth night of protests demanding education and health care |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=1 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Movimentos social]] [[Categoria:Protestas contemporanee]] 06666yreokktsro9ga3b30m0dt7sj9p 0 62378 704890 2026-10-20T08:32:15Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “{{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''protestas de Gen Z in Asia''' es un serie de manifestationes, mobilizationes juvenil e movimentos de contestation politic que se extendeva in plure paises asiatic desde le prime annos del decennio de 2020, con un expansion importante in 2024–2026. Le expression se refere a protestas in grande parte impulsate per membros del [[Generation Z]], sovente contra le corruption, le nepotismo, le inegalitate economic, le restrictiones del...” 704890 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''protestas de Gen Z in Asia''' es un serie de manifestationes, mobilizationes juvenil e movimentos de contestation politic que se extendeva in plure paises asiatic desde le prime annos del decennio de 2020, con un expansion importante in 2024–2026. Le expression se refere a protestas in grande parte impulsate per membros del [[Generation Z]], sovente contra le corruption, le nepotismo, le inegalitate economic, le restrictiones del libertate politic e le deterioramento del servicios public. Le movimentos non constitue un organisation unic e lor revendicationes varia considerabilemente secundo le pais. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/gen-z-protests-why-are-asias-youth-so-angry/a-74349495 |titulo=Gen Z protests: Why are Asia's youth so angry? |sitioweb=Deutsche Welle |fecha=14 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le protestas obteneva le attention international specialmente post le revolta de studentes in Bangladesh in 2024 e le protestas de Gen Z in Nepal in septembre 2025. In ambe casos, le mobilizationes contribuiva a cambiamentos politic major e al cadita de governamentos. Altere protestas, in paises como Indonesia, Timor-Leste, le Philippinas e India, duceva a revocationes de politicas, promissas de reformas o altere formas de responsa del autoritates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/asias-gen-z-protests-are-intense-can-they-create-lasting-change |titulo=Asia’s Gen Z Protests Are Intense. Can They Create Lasting Change? |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=23 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le retes social, le communication digital e le symbolos cultural commun, includente le bandiera del manga e anime *One Piece*, ha facilitated le coordination e le diffusion de iste movimentos. Nonobstante, le protestas non es homogenee: illos varia per lor composition social, demandas, strategias e relationes con le institutiones politic. == Origines e contexto == Le activismo juvenil asiatic precede le actual unda de protestas. Durante le decennios precedente, studentes e altere gruppos juvenil habeva ja organisate demonstrationes contra le autoritarismo, le corruption, le inegalitate e le restrictiones del derectos civil. Le protestas de studentes in [[Hong Kong]], le movimentos democratic in [[Thailandia]] e le mobilizationes contra le junta militar in [[Myanmar]] es exemplos de iste tradition. Le pandemia de COVID-19 e su consequentias economic augmentava le difficultates de numerose juvenes, includente le disoccupation, le precaritate del empleo e le costo del habitation. In plure paises, le perception que le elites politic e economic protegeva lor proprie interesses alimentava le dissatisfaction con le governamentos e le institutiones. Le expression «Gen Z» deveniva un etiqueta commun pro describer iste protestas, specialmente post le acontecimientos in Bangladesh in 2024 e in Nepal in 2025. Tamen, le participation non se limita a personas de un sol generation: in plure casos, syndicalistas, laboratores, organisationes del societate civil e altere sectores del population se associava al demonstrationes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/asias-gen-z-protests-are-intense-can-they-create-lasting-change |titulo=Asia’s Gen Z Protests Are Intense. Can They Create Lasting Change? |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=23 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Causas e revendicationes == Le causas del protestas varia secundo le contexto national, ma plure temas appare in differente paises. === Corruption e nepotismo === Le corruption e le nepotismo es inter le principal motivos citate per le participantes. Le manifestantes denuncia le uso private de recursos public, le privilegios attribuite a representantes politic e lor familias, le falta de transparentia e le absentia de responsabilitate institutional. In plure casos, le revendicationes includeva investigationes independente, sanctiones contra actos de corruption e reformas del administration public. === Inegalitate economic e disoccupation === Le difficultates economic include le augmento del costo del vita, le precaritate del empleo, le disoccupation juvenil e le difficultate de acceder a habitationes. In paises con un population juvenil importante, le falta de opportunitates professional e le perception de inegalitate inter le elites e le resto del population contribuiva al malcontentamento. In Indonesia, per exemplo, le protestas de 2025 esseva alimentate per le indignation concernente le privilegios e indemnisationes de parlamentarios, durante que numerose personas affrontava difficultates economic. === Education e servicios public === Le education e le sanitate constitueva un altere foco de mobilization. Le demandas includeva le melioramento del edificios educational, le accesso a formation de qualitate, le controlo del corruption in le systemas de examination e le augmento del recursos public. In Timor-Leste, le protestas de 2025 se opponeva a planos concernente le compra de vehiculos pro parlamentarios e le introduction de pensiones vitalitie pro legislatores. In India, le protestas de 2026 concerneva le irregularitates in examinationes national e le demanda de reformas del systema educational. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/world/gen-z-protests-global-uprising-bangladesh-nepal-india-explained-10803674/ |titulo=Why Gen Z protests are reshaping politics worldwide: From Bangladesh and Nepal to India |sitioweb=The Indian Express |fecha=26 de julio 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Libertate politic e derectos civil === Le restrictiones del libertate de expression, le censura digital e le repression del opposition politic ha etiam provocate mobilizationes. In Nepal, le prohibition de plure plataformas de retes social in septembre 2025 deveniva le detonator immediate de protestas ja alimentate per le indignation concernente le corruption e le nepotismo. In altere paises, le manifestantes denunciava le restriction del libertate de reunir se, le uso del fortia contra demonstrationes e le absentia de mecanismos efficiente pro controlar le action del autoritates. == Methodos de mobilization == Le protestas de Gen Z combina formas traditional de demonstration con instrumentos digital. Inter le methodos usate se trova: * Manifestationes e corteos in le vias public; * Occupationes de spatios public e assembleas de studentes; * Sit-in e altere formas de disobedientia civil; * Campanias e petitiones online; * Diffusion de videos e information per retes social; * Coordination per gruppos digital e canales de communication; * Uso de symbolos cultural e memes pro diffunder messagios politic. Le organisation decentralisate permitte a gruppos local participar sin necessitate de un direction national unic. Nonobstante, le absentia de un structura central pote render plus difficile le negotiation con le governamentos e le transformation de demandas commun in un programma politic formal. == Bangladesh (2024) == Le protestas in [[Bangladesh]] comenciava in junio e julio 2024 como demonstrationes de studentes contra le systema de quotas in le recrutamento pro postos del administration public. Le movimento se extendeva a demandas concernente le corruption, le abuso de poter e le responsa del governamento al repression. Le confrontationes deveniva plus intense durante le ultime septimanas de julio e le initio de augusto. Le 5 de augusto 2024, le Prime Ministra Sheikh Hasina demitteva e quitava le pais post plure septimanas de protestas e violentia. Le Parlamento esseva dissolvite e un governamento interin esseva constituite sub le direction del economista Muhammad Yunus. Le revolta esseva un del eventos que contribuiva al diffusion international del expression «Gen Z protests». Ben que le movimento comenciava con un demanda specific concernente le quotas de empleo, su revendicationes se extendeva a un contestation plus large del governamento e del systema politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/self-censorship-documenting-repression-news-medias-role-protests-toppling-bangladeshs-pm |titulo=From self-censorship to documenting repression: news media's role in the protests toppling Bangladesh's PM |sitioweb=Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism |fecha=14 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Indonesia (2025) == In [[Indonesia]], protestas juvenil se extendeva in augusto 2025 contra le privilegios e indemnisationes de parlamentarios, le inegalitate economic e le difficultates del costo del vita. Le indignation cresceva post reportos super le beneficio economic de legislatores durante un periodo de preoccupationes concernente le empleo e le inflation. Le demonstrationes se extendeva a plure citates e deveniva violente in certe locos. Le confrontationes causava mortes, ferimentos e arrestationes. Le presidente Prabowo Subianto respondeva per le reduction de certe privilegios de parlamentarios e per un remaniamento del governamento, que includeva le substitution del ministra de Finantias Sri Mulyani Indrawati. Le protestas non duceva al cadita del governamento, ma le autoritates annunciava concessiones e cambiamentos institutional in responsa al malcontentamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/gen-z-protests-why-are-asias-youth-so-angry/a-74349495 |titulo=Gen Z protests: Why are Asia's youth so angry? |sitioweb=Deutsche Welle |fecha=14 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Nepal (2025) == Le protestas de Gen Z in Nepal comenciava le 8 de septembre 2025, post le decision del governamento de prohibir plure grande plataformas de retes social. Le decision provocava indignation inter juvenes, que ja denunciava le corruption, le nepotismo e le privilegios del elites politic. Le demonstrationes deveniva violente e le repression causava mortes e numerose ferimentos. Le Prime Ministro K. P. Sharma Oli demitteva le 9 de septembre. Le prohibition del retes social esseva levate e un governamento interin esseva constituite sub Sushila Karki, ex-presidente del Corte Supreme. Le protestas duceva al dissolution del Parlamento e al convocation de nove electiones. In le electiones de 2026, le *Rastriya Swatantra Party* obteneva un majoritate parlamentari importante e Balendra Shah, un rapper e ex-alcalde de Kathmandu, deveniva Prime Ministro. Le resultato esseva considerate un transformation major del politica national, ben que le realisation del demandas del movimento continuava a depender del action del nove governamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ari.nus.edu.sg/ariscope/genz-protests-bangladesh-nepal/ |titulo=Why “Gen Z” Protests Played Out Differently in Bangladesh and Nepal |sitioweb=Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore |fecha=11 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Timor-Leste (2025) == In [[Timor-Leste]], demonstrationes de studentes occurreva in septembre 2025 contra planos de compra de vehiculos pro parlamentarios e contra un lege que habeva establite pensiones vitalitie pro legislatores. Le manifestantes denunciava le contrasto inter le gastos del representantes politic e le difficultates economic del population. Le protestas se concentrava in le capital, [[Dili]], ubi studentes e altere participantes exigeva le cancellation del mesuras contestate. Le Parlamento abandonava le planos concernente le vehiculos e votava pro supprimer le lege super le pensiones. Le resultato esseva un exemplo de concession institutional obtenite post protestas juvenil. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/gen-z-protests-why-are-asias-youth-so-angry/a-74349495 |titulo=Gen Z protests: Why are Asia's youth so angry? |sitioweb=Deutsche Welle |fecha=14 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Philippinas (2025–2026) == In le [[Philippinas]], le protestas de juvenes e altere sectores del population includeva demonstrationes contra allegationes de corruption in projectos de controlo del inundationes e altere expensas public. In septembre 2025, grande manifestationes occurreva in [[Manila]], ubi le participantes demandava investigationes super projectos public que, secundo le allegationes, habeva recipite fundos sin producir le obras previstas. Le mobilizationes continuava in 2026, con revendicationes concernente le transparentia del budgeto, le responsabilitate del functionarios e le uso de fundos public. Le participation juvenil se integrava in un movimento plus large que includeva organisationes del societate civil, gruppos religiose e altere sectores del population. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/gen-z-protests-why-are-asias-youth-so-angry/a-74349495 |titulo=Gen Z protests: Why are Asia's youth so angry? |sitioweb=Deutsche Welle |fecha=14 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == India (2026) == In [[India]], demonstrationes de juvenes e studentes occurreva in [[New Delhi]] inter junio e julio 2026. Le mobilizationes esseva initiate per le *Cockroach Janta Party* (CJP), un movimento juvenil que comenciava como un projecto de satira politic e deveniva un campania de protestation. Le protestas se concentrava super irregularitates in le examinationes national, includente le fuga de questiones del examen NEET e problemas del systema de correction del *Central Board of Secondary Education*. Le manifestantes demandava le demission del Ministro del Education Dharmendra Pradhan, reformas del administration del examinationes e compensation pro le familias de studentes que habeva morite per suicidio in relation con le difficultates educational. Le activista e defensor del education Sonam Wangchuk se associava al demonstrationes in junio e initiava un sciopero del fame. Post negotiationes con le governamento, ille terminava le sciopero le 23 de julio. Le ministro Pradhan demitteva le 25 de julio, e le organisationes participante declarava le fin del protestas post que le autoritates acceptava le demandas principal del CJP. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/world/gen-z-protests-global-uprising-bangladesh-nepal-india-explained-10803674/ |titulo=Why Gen Z protests are reshaping politics worldwide: From Bangladesh and Nepal to India |sitioweb=The Indian Express |fecha=26 de julio 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In octobre 2026, le mobilization juvenil in India se extendeva a demandas concernente le transparentia electoral, le disoccupation e le allegationes de favoritismo politic. Reuters reportava que le demonstrationes contra le Commission Electoral e le governamento habeva ganiate visibilitate in Delhi e altere partes del pais. Le governamento e le *Bharatiya Janata Party* negava le allegationes concernente le manipulation del listas electoral. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/modis-predicament-gen-z-pours-out-indias-streets-dissent-surges-2026-10-16/ |titulo=Modi's predicament: Gen Z pours out on India's streets as dissent surges |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Symbolos e cultura popular == Le bandiera del Piratas del Cappello de Paglia, proveniente del manga e anime japonese *One Piece*, deveniva un del symbolos le plus visibile del protestas juvenil asiatic. Le bandiera representa un cranio con un cappello de paglia e es associate al equipage fictive que se oppone a autoritates oppressive in le historia. Le symbolo appareva in demonstrationes in Indonesia, Nepal e le Philippinas e esseva adoptate tamben in altere contextos. Su uso permitteva a manifestantes de paises differente exprimer solidaritate per medio de un referentia cultural commun, sin que isto significava que illes compartiva tote le mesme demandas politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/sep/24/how-one-piece-manga-flag-became-symbol-asia-gen-z-protest-movement-liberation |titulo='A symbol of liberation': how the One Piece manga flag became the symbol of Asia's gen Z protest movement |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=24 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le memes, le humor e le communication digital es tamben instrumentos del movimentos. Illos permitte diffunder messagios politic, criticar le elites e mobilisar participantes, ben que le uso de symbolos commun non transforma le protestas in un organisation unificate. == Repression e derectos human == Le responsa del autoritates variava considerabilemente inter paises. In Bangladesh, Nepal e Indonesia, le protestas includeva confrontos mortifere e packaging e interventiones policial que provocava investigationes e criticas de organisationes de derectos human. In altere contextos, le governamentos respondeva per le retiro de politicas contestate, le promissas de investigationes o le negotiationes con representantes del manifestantes. Le resultato dependava del situation institutional, del organisation del movimento e del capacitate del participantes de mantener le mobilization. Le actos violente committite per alcun manifestantes, includente incendios, vandalismo e saqueos, esseva etiam documentate in plure paises. Le analyse del protestas necessita distinguer le demonstrationes pacific del actos violente e examinar separatamente le responsa del policia e del autoritates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Resultatos e consequentias == Le resultatos del protestas varia inter le paises. In Bangladesh e Nepal, le mobilizationes contribuiva al cadita del governamentos e a transitiones politic. In Indonesia e Timor-Leste, le protestas duceva a revocationes o suspensiones de mesuras contestate. In India, le protestas educational de 2026 duceva al demission del ministro competente e a promissas de reformas. Non tote le movimentos obteneva le mesme resultatos, e le cambios de governamento non garanti per se le solution del problemas que provocava le protestas. Le implementation de reformas, le recuperation institutional e le relation inter le nove dirigentes e le movimentos social continua a variar secundo le pais. Le protestas monstrava tamben que le mobilization digital pote facilitar le rapide coordination de actiones, ma le transformation de revendicationes in reformas durabile require organisation, negotiation e institutiones capabile de responder a demandas public. == Vide etiam == * [[Generation Z]] * [[Activismo juvenil]] {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/gen-z-protests-why-are-asias-youth-so-angry/a-74349495 |titulo=Gen Z protests: Why are Asia's youth so angry? |sitioweb=Deutsche Welle |fecha=14 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/asias-gen-z-protests-are-intense-can-they-create-lasting-change |titulo=Asia’s Gen Z Protests Are Intense. Can They Create Lasting Change? |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=23 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://ari.nus.edu.sg/ariscope/genz-protests-bangladesh-nepal/ |titulo=Why “Gen Z” Protests Played Out Differently in Bangladesh and Nepal |sitioweb=Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore |fecha=11 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/modis-predicament-gen-z-pours-out-indias-streets-dissent-surges-2026-10-16/ |titulo=Modi's predicament: Gen Z pours out on India's streets as dissent surges |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/world/gen-z-protests-global-uprising-bangladesh-nepal-india-explained-10803674/ |titulo=Why Gen Z protests are reshaping politics worldwide: From Bangladesh and Nepal to India |sitioweb=The Indian Express |fecha=26 de julio 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/sep/24/how-one-piece-manga-flag-became-symbol-asia-gen-z-protest-movement-liberation |titulo='A symbol of liberation': how the One Piece manga flag became the symbol of Asia's gen Z protest movement |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=24 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Protestas in Asia]] [[Categoria:Movimentos social]] [[Categoria:Historia contemporanee de Asia]] dv3lws2oi74xjnqsnbos2t45w9ujv71 704891 704890 2026-10-20T08:33:03Z Interlingvisto 60932 704891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''protestas de Gen Z in Asia''' es un serie de manifestationes, mobilisationes juvenil e movimentos de contestation politic que se extendeva in plure paises asiatic desde le prime annos del decennio de 2020, con un expansion importante in 2024–2026. Le expression se refere a protestas in grande parte impulsate per membros del [[Generation Z]], sovente contra le corruption, le nepotismo, le inegalitate economic, le restrictiones del libertate politic e le deterioramento del servicios public. Le movimentos non constitue un organisation unic e lor revendicationes varia considerabilemente secundo le pais. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/gen-z-protests-why-are-asias-youth-so-angry/a-74349495 |titulo=Gen Z protests: Why are Asia's youth so angry? |sitioweb=Deutsche Welle |fecha=14 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le protestas obteneva le attention international specialmente post le revolta de studentes in Bangladesh in 2024 e le protestas de Gen Z in Nepal in septembre 2025. In ambe casos, le mobilisationes contribuiva a cambiamentos politic major e al cadita de governamentos. Altere protestas, in paises como Indonesia, Timor-Leste, le Philippinas e India, duceva a revocationes de politicas, promissas de reformas o altere formas de responsa del autoritates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/asias-gen-z-protests-are-intense-can-they-create-lasting-change |titulo=Asia’s Gen Z Protests Are Intense. Can They Create Lasting Change? |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=23 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le retes social, le communication digital e le symbolos cultural commun, includente le bandiera del manga e anime *One Piece*, ha facilitated le coordination e le diffusion de iste movimentos. Nonobstante, le protestas non es homogenee: illos varia per lor composition social, demandas, strategias e relationes con le institutiones politic. == Origines e contexto == Le activismo juvenil asiatic precede le actual unda de protestas. Durante le decennios precedente, studentes e altere gruppos juvenil habeva ja organisate demonstrationes contra le autoritarismo, le corruption, le inegalitate e le restrictiones del derectos civil. Le protestas de studentes in [[Hong Kong]], le movimentos democratic in [[Thailandia]] e le mobilisationes contra le junta militar in [[Myanmar]] es exemplos de iste tradition. Le pandemia de COVID-19 e su consequentias economic augmentava le difficultates de numerose juvenes, includente le disoccupation, le precaritate del empleo e le costo del habitation. In plure paises, le perception que le elites politic e economic protegeva lor proprie interesses alimentava le dissatisfaction con le governamentos e le institutiones. Le expression «Gen Z» deveniva un etiqueta commun pro describer iste protestas, specialmente post le acontecimientos in Bangladesh in 2024 e in Nepal in 2025. Tamen, le participation non se limita a personas de un sol generation: in plure casos, syndicalistas, laboratores, organisationes del societate civil e altere sectores del population se associava al demonstrationes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/asias-gen-z-protests-are-intense-can-they-create-lasting-change |titulo=Asia’s Gen Z Protests Are Intense. Can They Create Lasting Change? |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=23 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Causas e revendicationes == Le causas del protestas varia secundo le contexto national, ma plure temas appare in differente paises. === Corruption e nepotismo === Le corruption e le nepotismo es inter le principal motivos citate per le participantes. Le manifestantes denuncia le uso private de recursos public, le privilegios attribuite a representantes politic e lor familias, le falta de transparentia e le absentia de responsabilitate institutional. In plure casos, le revendicationes includeva investigationes independente, sanctiones contra actos de corruption e reformas del administration public. === Inegalitate economic e disoccupation === Le difficultates economic include le augmento del costo del vita, le precaritate del empleo, le disoccupation juvenil e le difficultate de acceder a habitationes. In paises con un population juvenil importante, le falta de opportunitates professional e le perception de inegalitate inter le elites e le resto del population contribuiva al malcontentamento. In Indonesia, per exemplo, le protestas de 2025 esseva alimentate per le indignation concernente le privilegios e indemnisationes de parlamentarios, durante que numerose personas affrontava difficultates economic. === Education e servicios public === Le education e le sanitate constitueva un altere foco de mobilization. Le demandas includeva le melioramento del edificios educational, le accesso a formation de qualitate, le controlo del corruption in le systemas de examination e le augmento del recursos public. In Timor-Leste, le protestas de 2025 se opponeva a planos concernente le compra de vehiculos pro parlamentarios e le introduction de pensiones vitalitie pro legislatores. In India, le protestas de 2026 concerneva le irregularitates in examinationes national e le demanda de reformas del systema educational. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/world/gen-z-protests-global-uprising-bangladesh-nepal-india-explained-10803674/ |titulo=Why Gen Z protests are reshaping politics worldwide: From Bangladesh and Nepal to India |sitioweb=The Indian Express |fecha=26 de julio 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Libertate politic e derectos civil === Le restrictiones del libertate de expression, le censura digital e le repression del opposition politic ha etiam provocate mobilisationes. In Nepal, le prohibition de plure plataformas de retes social in septembre 2025 deveniva le detonator immediate de protestas ja alimentate per le indignation concernente le corruption e le nepotismo. In altere paises, le manifestantes denunciava le restriction del libertate de reunir se, le uso del fortia contra demonstrationes e le absentia de mecanismos efficiente pro controlar le action del autoritates. == Methodos de mobilization == Le protestas de Gen Z combina formas traditional de demonstration con instrumentos digital. Inter le methodos usate se trova: * Manifestationes e corteos in le vias public; * Occupationes de spatios public e assembleas de studentes; * Sit-in e altere formas de disobedientia civil; * Campanias e petitiones online; * Diffusion de videos e information per retes social; * Coordination per gruppos digital e canales de communication; * Uso de symbolos cultural e memes pro diffunder messagios politic. Le organisation decentralisate permitte a gruppos local participar sin necessitate de un direction national unic. Nonobstante, le absentia de un structura central pote render plus difficile le negotiation con le governamentos e le transformation de demandas commun in un programma politic formal. == Bangladesh (2024) == Le protestas in [[Bangladesh]] comenciava in junio e julio 2024 como demonstrationes de studentes contra le systema de quotas in le recrutamento pro postos del administration public. Le movimento se extendeva a demandas concernente le corruption, le abuso de poter e le responsa del governamento al repression. Le confrontationes deveniva plus intense durante le ultime septimanas de julio e le initio de augusto. Le 5 de augusto 2024, le Prime Ministra Sheikh Hasina demitteva e quitava le pais post plure septimanas de protestas e violentia. Le Parlamento esseva dissolvite e un governamento interin esseva constituite sub le direction del economista Muhammad Yunus. Le revolta esseva un del eventos que contribuiva al diffusion international del expression «Gen Z protests». Ben que le movimento comenciava con un demanda specific concernente le quotas de empleo, su revendicationes se extendeva a un contestation plus large del governamento e del systema politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/self-censorship-documenting-repression-news-medias-role-protests-toppling-bangladeshs-pm |titulo=From self-censorship to documenting repression: news media's role in the protests toppling Bangladesh's PM |sitioweb=Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism |fecha=14 de augusto 2024 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Indonesia (2025) == In [[Indonesia]], protestas juvenil se extendeva in augusto 2025 contra le privilegios e indemnisationes de parlamentarios, le inegalitate economic e le difficultates del costo del vita. Le indignation cresceva post reportos super le beneficio economic de legislatores durante un periodo de preoccupationes concernente le empleo e le inflation. Le demonstrationes se extendeva a plure citates e deveniva violente in certe locos. Le confrontationes causava mortes, ferimentos e arrestationes. Le presidente Prabowo Subianto respondeva per le reduction de certe privilegios de parlamentarios e per un remaniamento del governamento, que includeva le substitution del ministra de Finantias Sri Mulyani Indrawati. Le protestas non duceva al cadita del governamento, ma le autoritates annunciava concessiones e cambiamentos institutional in responsa al malcontentamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/gen-z-protests-why-are-asias-youth-so-angry/a-74349495 |titulo=Gen Z protests: Why are Asia's youth so angry? |sitioweb=Deutsche Welle |fecha=14 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Nepal (2025) == Le protestas de Gen Z in Nepal comenciava le 8 de septembre 2025, post le decision del governamento de prohibir plure grande plataformas de retes social. Le decision provocava indignation inter juvenes, que ja denunciava le corruption, le nepotismo e le privilegios del elites politic. Le demonstrationes deveniva violente e le repression causava mortes e numerose ferimentos. Le Prime Ministro K. P. Sharma Oli demitteva le 9 de septembre. Le prohibition del retes social esseva levate e un governamento interin esseva constituite sub Sushila Karki, ex-presidente del Corte Supreme. Le protestas duceva al dissolution del Parlamento e al convocation de nove electiones. In le electiones de 2026, le *Rastriya Swatantra Party* obteneva un majoritate parlamentari importante e Balendra Shah, un rapper e ex-alcalde de Kathmandu, deveniva Prime Ministro. Le resultato esseva considerate un transformation major del politica national, ben que le realisation del demandas del movimento continuava a depender del action del nove governamento. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.investing.com/news/world-news/how-gen-z-protests-over-corruption-and-jobs-ousted-nepal-pm-oli-4231763 |titulo=How 'Gen Z' protests over corruption and jobs ousted Nepal PM Oli |sitioweb=Reuters, reproduite per Investing.com |fecha=9 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://ari.nus.edu.sg/ariscope/genz-protests-bangladesh-nepal/ |titulo=Why “Gen Z” Protests Played Out Differently in Bangladesh and Nepal |sitioweb=Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore |fecha=11 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Timor-Leste (2025) == In [[Timor-Leste]], demonstrationes de studentes occurreva in septembre 2025 contra planos de compra de vehiculos pro parlamentarios e contra un lege que habeva establite pensiones vitalitie pro legislatores. Le manifestantes denunciava le contrasto inter le gastos del representantes politic e le difficultates economic del population. Le protestas se concentrava in le capital, [[Dili]], ubi studentes e altere participantes exigeva le cancellation del mesuras contestate. Le Parlamento abandonava le planos concernente le vehiculos e votava pro supprimer le lege super le pensiones. Le resultato esseva un exemplo de concession institutional obtenite post protestas juvenil. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/gen-z-protests-why-are-asias-youth-so-angry/a-74349495 |titulo=Gen Z protests: Why are Asia's youth so angry? |sitioweb=Deutsche Welle |fecha=14 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Philippinas (2025–2026) == In le [[Philippinas]], le protestas de juvenes e altere sectores del population includeva demonstrationes contra allegationes de corruption in projectos de controlo del inundationes e altere expensas public. In septembre 2025, grande manifestationes occurreva in [[Manila]], ubi le participantes demandava investigationes super projectos public que, secundo le allegationes, habeva recipite fundos sin producir le obras previstas. Le mobilisationes continuava in 2026, con revendicationes concernente le transparentia del budgeto, le responsabilitate del functionarios e le uso de fundos public. Le participation juvenil se integrava in un movimento plus large que includeva organisationes del societate civil, gruppos religiose e altere sectores del population. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/gen-z-protests-why-are-asias-youth-so-angry/a-74349495 |titulo=Gen Z protests: Why are Asia's youth so angry? |sitioweb=Deutsche Welle |fecha=14 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == India (2026) == In [[India]], demonstrationes de juvenes e studentes occurreva in [[New Delhi]] inter junio e julio 2026. Le mobilisationes esseva initiate per le *Cockroach Janta Party* (CJP), un movimento juvenil que comenciava como un projecto de satira politic e deveniva un campania de protestation. Le protestas se concentrava super irregularitates in le examinationes national, includente le fuga de questiones del examen NEET e problemas del systema de correction del *Central Board of Secondary Education*. Le manifestantes demandava le demission del Ministro del Education Dharmendra Pradhan, reformas del administration del examinationes e compensation pro le familias de studentes que habeva morite per suicidio in relation con le difficultates educational. Le activista e defensor del education Sonam Wangchuk se associava al demonstrationes in junio e initiava un sciopero del fame. Post negotiationes con le governamento, ille terminava le sciopero le 23 de julio. Le ministro Pradhan demitteva le 25 de julio, e le organisationes participante declarava le fin del protestas post que le autoritates acceptava le demandas principal del CJP. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/world/gen-z-protests-global-uprising-bangladesh-nepal-india-explained-10803674/ |titulo=Why Gen Z protests are reshaping politics worldwide: From Bangladesh and Nepal to India |sitioweb=The Indian Express |fecha=26 de julio 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In octobre 2026, le mobilization juvenil in India se extendeva a demandas concernente le transparentia electoral, le disoccupation e le allegationes de favoritismo politic. Reuters reportava que le demonstrationes contra le Commission Electoral e le governamento habeva ganiate visibilitate in Delhi e altere partes del pais. Le governamento e le *Bharatiya Janata Party* negava le allegationes concernente le manipulation del listas electoral. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/modis-predicament-gen-z-pours-out-indias-streets-dissent-surges-2026-10-16/ |titulo=Modi's predicament: Gen Z pours out on India's streets as dissent surges |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Symbolos e cultura popular == Le bandiera del Piratas del Cappello de Paglia, proveniente del manga e anime japonese *One Piece*, deveniva un del symbolos le plus visibile del protestas juvenil asiatic. Le bandiera representa un cranio con un cappello de paglia e es associate al equipage fictive que se oppone a autoritates oppressive in le historia. Le symbolo appareva in demonstrationes in Indonesia, Nepal e le Philippinas e esseva adoptate tamben in altere contextos. Su uso permitteva a manifestantes de paises differente exprimer solidaritate per medio de un referentia cultural commun, sin que isto significava que illes compartiva tote le mesme demandas politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/sep/24/how-one-piece-manga-flag-became-symbol-asia-gen-z-protest-movement-liberation |titulo='A symbol of liberation': how the One Piece manga flag became the symbol of Asia's gen Z protest movement |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=24 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le memes, le humor e le communication digital es tamben instrumentos del movimentos. Illos permitte diffunder messagios politic, criticar le elites e mobilisar participantes, ben que le uso de symbolos commun non transforma le protestas in un organisation unificate. == Repression e derectos human == Le responsa del autoritates variava considerabilemente inter paises. In Bangladesh, Nepal e Indonesia, le protestas includeva confrontos mortifere e packaging e interventiones policial que provocava investigationes e criticas de organisationes de derectos human. In altere contextos, le governamentos respondeva per le retiro de politicas contestate, le promissas de investigationes o le negotiationes con representantes del manifestantes. Le resultato dependava del situation institutional, del organisation del movimento e del capacitate del participantes de mantener le mobilization. Le actos violente committite per alcun manifestantes, includente incendios, vandalismo e saqueos, esseva etiam documentate in plure paises. Le analyse del protestas necessita distinguer le demonstrationes pacific del actos violente e examinar separatamente le responsa del policia e del autoritates. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Resultatos e consequentias == Le resultatos del protestas varia inter le paises. In Bangladesh e Nepal, le mobilisationes contribuiva al cadita del governamentos e a transitiones politic. In Indonesia e Timor-Leste, le protestas duceva a revocationes o suspensiones de mesuras contestate. In India, le protestas educational de 2026 duceva al demission del ministro competente e a promissas de reformas. Non tote le movimentos obteneva le mesme resultatos, e le cambios de governamento non garanti per se le solution del problemas que provocava le protestas. Le implementation de reformas, le recuperation institutional e le relation inter le nove dirigentes e le movimentos social continua a variar secundo le pais. Le protestas monstrava tamben que le mobilization digital pote facilitar le rapide coordination de actiones, ma le transformation de revendicationes in reformas durabile require organisation, negotiation e institutiones capabile de responder a demandas public. == Vide etiam == * [[Generation Z]] * [[Activismo juvenil]] {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/gen-z-protests-why-are-asias-youth-so-angry/a-74349495 |titulo=Gen Z protests: Why are Asia's youth so angry? |sitioweb=Deutsche Welle |fecha=14 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/asias-gen-z-protests-are-intense-can-they-create-lasting-change |titulo=Asia’s Gen Z Protests Are Intense. Can They Create Lasting Change? |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |fecha=23 de octobre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://ari.nus.edu.sg/ariscope/genz-protests-bangladesh-nepal/ |titulo=Why “Gen Z” Protests Played Out Differently in Bangladesh and Nepal |sitioweb=Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore |fecha=11 de septembre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://publications.civicus.org/publications/2026-state-of-civil-society-report/gen-z-protests-new-resistance-rises/ |titulo=Gen Z protests: New resistance rises |sitioweb=CIVICUS |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/modis-predicament-gen-z-pours-out-indias-streets-dissent-surges-2026-10-16/ |titulo=Modi's predicament: Gen Z pours out on India's streets as dissent surges |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=16 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/world/gen-z-protests-global-uprising-bangladesh-nepal-india-explained-10803674/ |titulo=Why Gen Z protests are reshaping politics worldwide: From Bangladesh and Nepal to India |sitioweb=The Indian Express |fecha=26 de julio 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/sep/24/how-one-piece-manga-flag-became-symbol-asia-gen-z-protest-movement-liberation |titulo='A symbol of liberation': how the One Piece manga flag became the symbol of Asia's gen Z protest movement |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=24 de septembre 2025 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Protestas in Asia]] [[Categoria:Movimentos social]] [[Categoria:Historia contemporanee de Asia]] fb4uvvmmwxla1rb29glgttalzfzgmmz 0 62379 704893 2026-10-20T08:33:32Z Interlingvisto 60932 Interlingvisto ha renominate le pagina [[Protestas de Generation Z]] a [[Protestas del Generation Z]] 704893 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Protestas del Generation 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Iran war|Ships attacked]]{{·}} [[Sinking of IRIS Dena|Sinking of IRIS ''Dena'']] |group7 = Air warfare |list7 = [[List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the 2026 Iran war|Aviation shootdowns and accidents]]{{·}} [[2026 United States F-15E rescue operation in Iran|F-15E rescue operation]] |group8 = Impact |list8 = [[Antisemitism during the 2026 Iran war|Antisemitism]]{{·}} [[2026 London antisemitic attacks|London attacks]]{{·}} [[Destruction of cultural heritage during the 2026 Iran war|Destruction of cultural heritage]]{{·}} [[Economic impact of the 2026 Iran war|Economic impact]]{{·}} [[2026 Iran war fuel crisis|Fuel crisis]]{{·}} [[2026 Philippine energy crisis|Philippines]]{{·}} [[2026 Irish fuel protests|Ireland]]{{·}} [[2026 French fuel protests|France]]{{·}} [[2026 Syrian fuel protests|Syria]]{{·}} [[Protests against the 2026 Iran war|Protests against the war]]{{·}} [[Evacuations during the 2026 Iran war|Evacuations]]{{·}} [[Impact of the 2026 Iran war on Iran|Impact in Iran]]{{·}} [[Western Iran clashes (2026–present)|Western Iran clashes]]{{·}} [[Sistan and Balochistan clashes (2026–present)|Sistan and Balochistan clashes]]{{·}} [[Arab separatism in Khuzestan#2026|Khuzestan clashes]] |group9 = Involvement by country |list9 = [[2026 Iran war regional mobilizations|Regional mobilizations]]{{·}} [[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]]{{·}} [[Operation Urja Suraksha]]{{·}} [[Argentina in the 2026 Iran war|Argentina]]{{·}} [[Australia and the 2026 Iran war|Australia]]{{·}} [[Canada and the 2026 Iran war|Canada]]{{·}} [[China in the 2026 Iran war|China]]{{·}} [[India in the 2026 Iran war|India]]{{·}} [[Pakistan in the 2026 Iran war|Pakistan]]{{·}} [[Romania in the 2026 Iran war|Romania]]{{·}} [[Russia in the 2026 Iran war|Russia]]{{·}} [[Spain in the 2026 Iran war|Spain]]{{·}} [[2025–2026 Spain–United States diplomatic crisis|Diplomatic crisis]]{{·}} [[Ukraine in the 2026 Iran war|Ukraine]]{{·}} [[United Kingdom involvement in the 2026 Iran war|United Kingdom]] |group10 = Other |list10 = [[2026 alleged Iranian plot to assassinate Donald Trump|Alleged Iranian plot to assassinate Donald Trump]]{{·}} [[American expansionism under Donald Trump]]{{·}} [[Cyberwarfare during the 2026 Iran war|Cyberwarfare]]{{·}} [[AI warfare#2026 Iran war|AI warfare]]{{·}} [[2026 Minnesota water system cyberattack|Minnesota cyberattacks]]{{·}} [[Misinformation during the 2026 Iran war|Misinformation]]{{·}} [[Censorship during the 2026 Iran war|Censorship]]{{·}} [[Mosaic defence strategy|Mosaic defence]]{{·}} [[Israeli bases in Iraq]]{{·}} [[Israel lobby in the United States]]{{·}} [[War profiteering#2026 Iran war|War profiteering]]{{·}} [[Corruption allegations during the second Trump presidency|Corruption allegations against Trump]]{{·}} [[Insider trading allegations during the second Trump administration|Insider trading allegations]]{{·}} [[Trump Always Chickens Out|TACO and NACHO]]{{·}} [[Mossad activities in Iran]]{{·}} [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 2817|UNSC Resolution 2817]]{{·}} [[Defection of Iran women's national football team]]{{·}} [[Piracy off the coast of Somalia]] }}<noinclude> [[Categoria:Patronos de navigation]] </noinclude> t952b4ljqklx0jwh0hl4ip4kybwsi2k 704897 704896 2026-10-20T08:38:59Z Interlingvisto 60932 704897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Campaignbox 2026 Iran war |state = collapsed |title = [[2026 Iran war]] |listclass = hlist |group1 = Overview |list1 = [[Outline of the 2026 Iran war|Outline]]{{·}} [[Timeline of the 2026 Iran war|Timeline]]{{·}} [[Analysis of the 2026 Iran war|Analysis]]{{·}} [[Rationale for the 2026 Iran war|Rationale]]{{·}} [[Reactions to the 2026 Iran war|Reactions]]{{·}} [[Regime change efforts in the 2026 Iran war|Regime change efforts]]{{·}} [[Casualties of the 2026 Iran war|Casualties]]{{·}} [[2026 Iran war order of battle|Order of battle]] |group2 = Prelude |list2 = [[Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present)|Broader conflict]]{{·}} [[Iran–Israel conflict]]{{·}} [[Gaza–Israel conflict]]{{·}} [[Gaza war]]{{·}} [[Hezbollah–Israel conflict]]{{·}} [[2024 Lebanon war]]{{·}} [[2024 Iran–Israel conflict]]{{·}} [[Twelve-Day War]]{{·}} [[2025 United States strikes on Iranian nuclear sites|US strikes on Iranian nuclear sites]]{{·}} [[Iran–United States relations|Iran–United States conflict]]{{·}} [[United States sanctions against Iran]]{{·}} [[Iran and state-sponsored terrorism]]{{·}} [[Iran and weapons of mass destruction]]{{·}} [[Nuclear program of Iran]]{{·}} [[Ballistic missile program of Iran|Missile program of Iran]]{{·}} [[Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy war|Iran-Saudi conflict]]{{·}} [[Iran internal crisis (2025–present)|Iranian internal crisis]]{{·}} [[2025–2026 Iranian protests|Iranian protests]]{{·}} [[Separatism in Iran]]{{·}} [[Iranian economic crisis]] |group3 = Strikes |list3 = '''U.S.–Israeli strikes''': [[2026 Minab school attack|Minab]]{{·}} [[2026 Lamerd sports hall attack|Lamerd]]{{·}} [[Air campaign in Iranian Kurdistan|Iranian Kurdistan]]{{·}} [[Qeshm Island#2026 Iran war|Qeshm Island]]{{·}} [[2026 Kharg Island attack|Kharg Island]]{{·}} [[2026 South Pars field attack|South Pars]]{{·}} [[2026 Karaj B1 bridge attack|Karaj]]{{·}} [[2026 Larak Island attack|Larak Island]]{{·}} [[2026 Kuhestak wedding airstrike|Kuhestak]] '''U.S.-Saudi strikes''': [[United States–Saudi strikes on Iraqi militias|Iraq]] '''Emirati strikes''': [[2026 Lavan Island attack|Lavan Island]] '''Iranian and allied strikes''': [[2026 strikes on Akrotiri and Dhekelia|Akrotiri and Dhekelia]]{{·}} [[2026 Iranian strikes on Arab countries|Arab countries]]{{·}} [[Bahrain in the 2026 Iran war|Bahrain]]{{·}} [[2026 Damietta drone strike|Egypt]]{{·}} [[Iraq in the 2026 Iran war|Iraq]]{{·}} [[2026 Iranian strikes on Jordan|Jordan]]{{·}} [[Kuwait in the 2026 Iran war|Kuwait]]{{·}} [[2026 Iranian strikes on Oman|Oman]]{{·}} [[2026 Iranian strikes on Qatar|Qatar]]{{·}} [[Saudi Arabia in the 2026 Iran war|Saudi Arabia]]{{·}} [[Syria in the 2026 Iran war|Syria]]{{·}} [[United Arab Emirates in the 2026 Iran war|United Arab Emirates]]{{·}} [[2026 Iranian strike on Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]]{{·}} [[2026 Iranian strike on Diego Garcia|Diego Garcia]]{{·}} [[2026 Iranian strikes on Israel|Israel]]{{·}} [[2026 interceptions of Iranian missiles in Turkey|Turkey]] |group4 = Lebanon war |list4 = [[2026 Lebanon war|2026 Lebanon war]]{{·}} [[Killing of Pierre el-Rahi]]{{·}} [[2026 Ramlet al-Baida airstrike|Ramlet al-Baida]]{{·}} [[2026 attack on UNIFIL post in Aadchit al-Qusayr|Aadchit al-Qusayr UNIFIL post]]{{·}} [[8 April 2026 Israeli attacks on Lebanon|8 April 2026]]{{·}} [[Battle of Khiam (2026)|Battle of Khiam]]{{·}} [[Battle of Bint Jbeil (2026)|Battle of Bint Jbeil]]{{·}} [[2026 Israeli crossing of the Litani River|Crossing of the Litani River]]{{·}} [[Battle of Haddatha]]{{·}} [[Battle of Zawtar al-Sharqiyah]]{{·}} [[Siege of Ali al-Taher]] |group5 = Yemen war |list5 = [[2026 Yemen offensives|2026 Yemen offensives]]{{·}} [[2026 Sanaa airport strike|Sanaa airport strike]]{{·}} [[October 2026 Houthi attacks on Saudi Arabian airports|Houthi strikes on Saudi airports]]{{·}} [[Red Sea crisis]]{{·}} [[Houthi attacks on commercial vessels|Attacks on commercial vessels]]{{·}} [[Houthi blockade of Saudi Arabia|Blockade of Saudi Arabia]]{{·}} [[Bab al-Mandab Strait crisis]] |group6 = Naval warfare |list6 = [[2026 Strait of Hormuz crisis|Strait of Hormuz crisis]]{{·}} [[Iranian sovereignty over the Strait of Hormuz|Iranian sovereignty]]{{·}} [[2026 Strait of Hormuz campaign|U.S. aerial campaign]]{{·}} [[2026 United States naval blockade of Iran|Naval blockade of Iran]]{{·}} [[Operation Project Freedom]]{{·}} [[List of ships attacked during the 2026 Iran war|Ships attacked]]{{·}} [[Sinking of IRIS Dena|Sinking of IRIS ''Dena'']] |group7 = Air warfare |list7 = [[List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the 2026 Iran war|Aviation shootdowns and accidents]]{{·}} [[2026 United States F-15E rescue operation in Iran|F-15E rescue operation]] |group8 = Impact |list8 = [[Antisemitism during the 2026 Iran war|Antisemitism]]{{·}} [[2026 London antisemitic attacks|London attacks]]{{·}} [[Destruction of cultural heritage during the 2026 Iran war|Destruction of cultural heritage]]{{·}} [[Economic impact of the 2026 Iran war|Economic impact]]{{·}} [[2026 Iran war fuel crisis|Fuel crisis]]{{·}} [[2026 Philippine energy crisis|Philippines]]{{·}} [[2026 Irish fuel protests|Ireland]]{{·}} [[2026 French fuel protests|France]]{{·}} [[2026 Syrian fuel protests|Syria]]{{·}} [[Protests against the 2026 Iran war|Protests against the war]]{{·}} [[Evacuations during the 2026 Iran war|Evacuations]]{{·}} [[Impact of the 2026 Iran war on Iran|Impact in Iran]]{{·}} [[Western Iran clashes (2026–present)|Western Iran clashes]]{{·}} [[Sistan and Balochistan clashes (2026–present)|Sistan and Balochistan clashes]]{{·}} [[Arab separatism in Khuzestan#2026|Khuzestan clashes]] |group9 = Involvement by country |list9 = [[2026 Iran war regional mobilizations|Regional mobilizations]]{{·}} [[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]]{{·}} [[Operation Urja Suraksha]]{{·}} [[Argentina in the 2026 Iran war|Argentina]]{{·}} [[Australia and the 2026 Iran war|Australia]]{{·}} [[Canada and the 2026 Iran war|Canada]]{{·}} [[China in the 2026 Iran war|China]]{{·}} [[India in the 2026 Iran war|India]]{{·}} [[Pakistan in the 2026 Iran war|Pakistan]]{{·}} [[Romania in the 2026 Iran war|Romania]]{{·}} [[Russia in the 2026 Iran war|Russia]]{{·}} [[Spain in the 2026 Iran war|Spain]]{{·}} [[2025–2026 Spain–United States diplomatic crisis|Diplomatic crisis]]{{·}} [[Ukraine in the 2026 Iran war|Ukraine]]{{·}} [[United Kingdom involvement in the 2026 Iran war|United Kingdom]] |group10 = Other |list10 = [[2026 alleged Iranian plot to assassinate Donald Trump|Alleged Iranian plot to assassinate Donald Trump]]{{·}} [[American expansionism under Donald Trump]]{{·}} [[Cyberwarfare during the 2026 Iran war|Cyberwarfare]]{{·}} [[AI warfare#2026 Iran war|AI warfare]]{{·}} [[2026 Minnesota water system cyberattack|Minnesota cyberattacks]]{{·}} [[Misinformation during the 2026 Iran war|Misinformation]]{{·}} [[Censorship during the 2026 Iran war|Censorship]]{{·}} [[Mosaic defence strategy|Mosaic defence]]{{·}} [[Israeli bases in Iraq]]{{·}} [[Israel lobby in the United States]]{{·}} [[War profiteering#2026 Iran war|War profiteering]]{{·}} [[Corruption allegations during the second Trump presidency|Corruption allegations against Trump]]{{·}} [[Insider trading allegations during the second Trump administration|Insider trading allegations]]{{·}} [[Trump Always Chickens Out|TACO and NACHO]]{{·}} [[Mossad activities in Iran]]{{·}} [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 2817|UNSC Resolution 2817]]{{·}} [[Defection of Iran women's national football team]]{{·}} [[Piracy off the coast of Somalia]] }} <noinclude>[[Categoria:Patronos de navigation]]</noinclude> sx6w3bpjg72fdys75kt7fjlho4bxdeo 704898 704897 2026-10-20T08:44:14Z Interlingvisto 60932 704898 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Campaignbox 2026 Iran war |state = collapsed |title = [[2026 Iran war]] |listclass = hlist |group1 = Vista general |list1 = [[Schema del guerra Iran de 2026|Schema]]{{·}} [[Chronologia del guerra Iran de 2026|Chronologia]]{{·}} [[Analyse del guerra Iran de 2026|Analyse]]{{·}} [[Justification del guerra Iran de 2026|Justification]]{{·}} [[Reactiones al guerra Iran de 2026|Reactiones]]{{·}} [[Effortios de cambio de regime durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Effortios de cambio de regime]]{{·}} [[Victimas del guerra Iran de 2026|Victimas]]{{·}} [[Ordine de battalia del guerra Iran de 2026|Ordine de battalia]] |group2 = Preludio |list2 = [[Crisis del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)|Conflicto plus ample]]{{·}} [[Conflict Iran–Israel]]{{·}} [[Conflict Gaza–Israel]]{{·}} [[Guerra de Gaza]]{{·}} [[Conflict Hezbollah–Israel]]{{·}} [[Guerra de Libano de 2024]]{{·}} [[Conflict Iran–Israel de 2024]]{{·}} [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]]{{·}} [[Attaccos del Statos Unite contra sitos nuclear iranian in 2025|Attaccos statounitese contra sitos nuclear iranian]]{{·}} [[Relationes Iran–Statos Unite|Conflict Iran–Statos Unite]]{{·}} [[Sanctiones del Statos Unite contra Iran]]{{·}} [[Iran e le terrorismo sponsorizate per statos]]{{·}} [[Iran e le armas de destruction massive]]{{·}} [[Programma nuclear de Iran]]{{·}} [[Programma de missiles balistic de Iran|Programma de missiles de Iran]]{{·}} [[Guerra per procura Iran–Arabia Saudi|Conflict Iran–Arabia Saudi]]{{·}} [[Crisis interne iranian (2025–presente)|Crisis interne iranian]]{{·}} [[Protestas iranian de 2025–2026|Protestas iranian]]{{·}} [[Separatismo in Iran]]{{·}} [[Crisis economic iranian]] |group3 = Attaccos |list3 = '''Attaccos statounitese-israelian''': [[Attacco al schola de Minab in 2026|Minab]]{{·}} [[Attacco al sala de sport de Lamerd in 2026|Lamerd]]{{·}} [[Campania aeree in le Kurdistan iranian|Kurdistan iranian]]{{·}} [[Insula de Qeshm#Guerra Iran de 2026|Insula de Qeshm]]{{·}} [[Attacco al insula de Kharg in 2026|Insula de Kharg]]{{·}} [[Attacco al campo de South Pars in 2026|South Pars]]{{·}} [[Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj in 2026|Karaj]]{{·}} [[Attacco al insula de Larak in 2026|Insula de Larak]]{{·}} [[Attacco aeree al nuptias de Kuhestak in 2026|Kuhestak]] '''Attaccos statounitese-saudi''': [[Attaccos statounitese-saudi contra le milicias iraquian|Iraq]] '''Attaccos emiratin''': [[Attacco al insula de Lavan in 2026|Insula de Lavan]] '''Attaccos iranian e de alliatos''': [[Attaccos contra Akrotiri e Dhekelia in 2026|Akrotiri e Dhekelia]]{{·}} [[Attaccos iranian contra paises arabe in 2026|Paises arabe]]{{·}} [[Bahrain durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Bahrain]]{{·}} [[Attacco con dron contra Damietta in 2026|Egypto]]{{·}} [[Iraq durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Iraq]]{{·}} [[Attaccos iranian contra Jordan in 2026|Jordan]]{{·}} [[Kuwait durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Kuwait]]{{·}} [[Attaccos iranian contra Oman in 2026|Oman]]{{·}} [[Attaccos iranian contra Qatar in 2026|Qatar]]{{·}} [[Arabia Saudi durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Arabia Saudi]]{{·}} [[Syria durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Syria]]{{·}} [[Emiratos Arabe Unite durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Emiratos Arabe Unite]]{{·}} [[Attacco iranian contra Azerbaijan in 2026|Azerbaijan]]{{·}} [[Attacco iranian contra Diego Garcia in 2026|Diego Garcia]]{{·}} [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in 2026|Israel]]{{·}} [[Interceptiones de missiles iranian in Turchia in 2026|Turchia]] |group4 = Guerra de Libano |list4 = [[Guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano de 2026]]{{·}} [[Occision de Pierre el-Rahi]]{{·}} [[Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida in 2026|Ramlet al-Baida]]{{·}} [[Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL in Aadchit al-Qusayr in 2026|Posto de UNIFIL de Aadchit al-Qusayr]]{{·}} [[Attaccos israelian contra Libano del 8 april 2026|8 april 2026]]{{·}} [[Batalla de Khiam (2026)|Batalla de Khiam]]{{·}} [[Batalla de Bint Jbeil (2026)|Batalla de Bint Jbeil]]{{·}} [[Transito israelian del fluvio Litani in 2026|Transito del fluvio Litani]]{{·}} [[Batalla de Haddatha]]{{·}} [[Batalla de Zawtar al-Sharqiyah]]{{·}} [[Assedio de Ali al-Taher]] |group5 = Guerra de Yemen |list5 = [[Offensive de Yemen de 2026|Offensive de Yemen de 2026]]{{·}} [[Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a in 2026|Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a]]{{·}} [[Attaccos houthi contra aeroportos saudi in octobre 2026|Attaccos houthi contra aeroportos saudi]]{{·}} [[Crisis del Mar Rubie]]{{·}} [[Attaccos houthi contra naves commercial|Attaccos contra naves commercial]]{{·}} [[Blocada houthi de Arabia Saudi|Blocada de Arabia Saudi]]{{·}} [[Crisis del Stricto de Bab al-Mandab]] |group6 = Guerra naval |list6 = [[Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026|Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz]]{{·}} [[Sovranitate iranian super le Stricto de Hormuz|Sovranitate iranian]]{{·}} [[Campania del Statos Unite in le Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Campania aeree statounitese]]{{·}} [[Blocada naval del Statos Unite contra Iran in 2026|Blocada naval contra Iran]]{{·}} [[Operation Project Freedom]]{{·}} [[Lista de naves attaccate durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Naves attaccate]]{{·}} [[Affundamento del IRIS Dena|Affundamento del IRIS ''Dena'']] |group7 = Guerra aeree |list7 = [[Lista de abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion]]{{·}} [[Operation de rescate de un F-15E del Statos Unite in Iran in 2026|Operation de rescate del F-15E]] |group8 = Impacto |list8 = [[Antisemitismo durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Antisemitismo]]{{·}} [[Attaccos antisemitic in London in 2026|Attaccos in London]]{{·}} [[Destruction del patrimonio cultural durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Destruction del patrimonio cultural]]{{·}} [[Impacto economic del guerra Iran de 2026|Impacto economic]]{{·}} [[Crisis del combustibile in Iran in 2026|Crisis del combustibile]]{{·}} [[Crisis energetic in le Philippinas in 2026|Philippinas]]{{·}} [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Irlanda in 2026|Irlanda]]{{·}} [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Francia in 2026|Francia]]{{·}} [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Syria in 2026|Syria]]{{·}} [[Protestas contra le guerra Iran de 2026|Protestas contra le guerra]]{{·}} [[Evacuationes durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Evacuationes]]{{·}} [[Impacto del guerra Iran de 2026 sur Iran|Impacto in Iran]]{{·}} [[Conflictos in le west de Iran (2026–presente)|Conflictos in le west de Iran]]{{·}} [[Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan (2026–presente)|Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan]]{{·}} [[Separatismo arabe in Khuzestan#2026|Conflictos in Khuzestan]] |group9 = Participation per pais |list9 = [[Mobilisationes regional durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Mobilisationes regional]]{{·}} [[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]]{{·}} [[Operation Urja Suraksha]]{{·}} [[Argentina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Argentina]]{{·}} [[Australia e le guerra Iran de 2026|Australia]]{{·}} [[Canada e le guerra Iran de 2026|Canada]]{{·}} [[China durante le guerra Iran de 2026|China]]{{·}} [[India durante le guerra Iran de 2026|India]]{{·}} [[Pakistan durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Pakistan]]{{·}} [[Romania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Romania]]{{·}} [[Russia durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Russia]]{{·}} [[Hispania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Hispania]]{{·}} [[Crisis diplomatic inter Hispania e le Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Crisis diplomatic]]{{·}} [[Ucraina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ucraina]]{{·}} [[Participation del Regno Unite in le guerra Iran de 2026|Regno Unite]] |group10 = Altere |list10 = [[Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump in 2026|Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump]]{{·}} [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]]{{·}} [[Ciberguerra durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ciberguerra]]{{·}} [[Guerra per medio de intelligentia artificial#Guerra Iran de 2026|Guerra con intelligentia artificial]]{{·}} [[Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota in 2026|Ciberattaccos in Minnesota]]{{·}} [[Disinformation durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Disinformation]]{{·}} [[Censura durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Censura]]{{·}} [[Strategia de defension a mosaico]]{{·}} [[Bases israelian in Iraq]]{{·}} [[Lobby israelian in le Statos Unite]]{{·}} [[Profito de guerra#Guerra Iran de 2026|Profito de guerra]]{{·}} [[Accusationes de corruption durante le secunde presidantia de Trump|Accusationes de corruption contra Trump]]{{·}} [[Accusationes de information privilegiata durante le secunde administration Trump|Accusationes de information privilegiata]]{{·}} [[Trump Sempre Se Retira|TACO e NACHO]]{{·}} [[Activitates de Mossad in Iran]]{{·}} [[Resolution 2817 del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite|Resolution 2817 del CSNU]]{{·}} [[Defection del equipa national feminin de football de Iran]]{{·}} [[Pirateria al costa de Somalia]] }} <noinclude>[[Categoria:Patronos de navigation]]</noinclude> bnua17nq6peno8rtc6ukw5igl7oj9qa 704900 704898 2026-10-20T08:47:03Z Interlingvisto 60932 704900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Guerra Iran de 2026 |title = [[Guerra Iran de 2026]] |state = collapsed |bodyclass = hlist |above = Parte del [[Conflict Iran–Israel]] e del [[Crisis del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)|Crisis del Medio Oriente]] |group1 = Vista general |list1 = child |1_group1 = General |1_list1 = * [[Schema del guerra Iran de 2026|Schema]] * [[Chronologia del guerra Iran de 2026|Chronologia]] ** [[Chronologia del guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] * [[Analyse del guerra Iran de 2026|Analyse]] * [[Lista de abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion]] * [[Victimas del guerra Iran de 2026|Victimas]] ** [[Lista de officiales iranian occidite durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Officiales iranian]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Khamenei|Ali Khamenei]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Larijani|Ali Larijani]] * [[Cessar le foco del guerra Iran de 2026|Cessar le foco]] ** [[Memorandum de Islamabad]] ** [[Colloquios de Islamabad]] ** [[Cessar le foco inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Cessar le foco Israel–Libano]] ** [[Colloquios de pace inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Colloquios de pace Israel–Libano]] * [[Ciberguerra durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ciberguerra]] * [[Disinformation durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Disinformation]] * [[Ordine de battalia del guerra Iran de 2026|Ordine de battalia]] * [[Effortios de cambio de regime durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Effortios de cambio de regime]] |1_group2 = [[Preludio al guerra Iran de 2026|Preludio]] |1_list2 = * [[Conflict per procura Iran–Israel]] * [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Conflict Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Attacco aeree israelian contra le consulate iranian in Damascus]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in april 2024]] ** [[Assassination de Ismail Haniyeh]] (prime fase) ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in octobre 2024]] ** [[Attaccos israelian contra Iran in octobre 2024]] (secunde fase) * [[Guerra de Libano de 2024]] * [[Relationes Iran–Statos Unite durante le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]] ** [[Victimas del Guerra de dece-duo dies|Victimas]] ** [[Impacto economic del conflict per procura Iran–Israel#Escalada verso un guerra aperte (junio 2025)|Impacto economic]] ** [[Reactiones al Guerra de dece-duo dies|Impacto]] ** [[Lista de attaccos durante le Guerra de dece-duo dies|Lista de attaccos]] *** [[Attaccos del Statos Unite contra sitos nuclear iranian in 2025|Attaccos statounitese contra sitos nuclear iranian]] *** [[Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid in 2025|Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid]] ** [[Cessar le foco del Guerra de dece-duo dies]] * [[Protestas iranian de 2025–2026]] ** [[Massacres in Iran in 2026|Massacres]] * [[Interruption del internet in Iran in 2026|Interruption del internet in Iran]] * [[Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente in 2026|Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente]] * [[Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite]] * [[Justification del guerra Iran de 2026|Justification]] |group2 = [[Lista de attaccos durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Attaccos]] |list2 = child |2_group1 = Attaccos iranian |2_list1 = * [[Attaccos iranian contra paises arabe in 2026|Paises arabe]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Bahrain in 2026|Bahrain]] ** [[Egypto durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Egypto]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Jordan in 2026|Jordan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Kuwait in 2026|Kuwait]] *** [[Attacco con dron al porto de Shuaiba in 2026|Porto de Shuaiba]] *** [[Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan in 2026|Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Oman in 2026|Oman]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Qatar in 2026|Qatar]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Arabia Saudi in 2026|Arabia Saudi]] *** [[Attacco contra le oleoducto Est–West in 2026|Oleoducto Est–West]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra le Emiratos Arabe Unite in 2026|Emiratos Arabe Unite]] * [[Presumite attaccos iranian contra Azerbaijan in 2026|Azerbaijan]] * [[Attaccos contra Akrotiri e Dhekelia in 2026|Akrotiri e Dhekelia]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in 2026|Israel]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra le Region del Kurdistan in 2026|Region del Kurdistan]] * [[Interceptiones de missiles iranian in Turchia in 2026|Turchia]] |2_group2 = Attaccos statounitese–<br/>israelian |2_list2 = * [[Campania aeree in le Kurdistan iranian]] * [[Attacco al insula de Kharg in 2026|Attacco al insula de Kharg]] * [[Attacco al insula de Lavan in 2026|Attacco al insula de Lavan]] * [[Attacco al campo de South Pars in 2026|Attacco al campo de South Pars]] * [[Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz]] * [[Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq in 2026|Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq]] ** [[Conflict del Statos Unite contra le milicias iraquian pro-iranian in 2026|Milicias iraquian pro-iranian]] *** [[Attaccos statounitese–saudi contra le milicias iraquian|Attaccos statounitese–saudi]] * [[Operation de rescate de un F-15E del Statos Unite in Iran in 2026|Operation de rescate statounitese de un F-15E in Iran]] * [[Blocada naval del Statos Unite contra Iran in 2026|Blocada naval statounitese contra Iran]] ** [[Operation Project Freedom]] * [[Attacco al insula de Larak in 2026|Attacco al insula de Larak]] |2_group3 = [[Guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] |2_list3 = * [[Batalla de Khiam (2026)|Batalla de Khiam]] * [[Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida in 2026|Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida]] * [[Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL in Aadchit al-Qusayr in 2026|Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL de Aadchit al-Qusayr]] * [[Attaccos israelian contra Libano del 8 april 2026|Attaccos contra Libano del 8 april]] * [[Batalla de Bint Jbeil (2026)|Batalla de Bint Jbeil]] * [[Transito israelian del fluvio Litani in 2026|Transito israelian del fluvio Litani]] * [[Batalla de Haddatha]] * [[Batalla de Zawtar al-Sharqiyah]] * [[Assedio de Ali al-Taher]] |2_group4 = Contra civil |2_list4 = * [[Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab]] * [[Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd in 2026|Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd]] * [[Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa in 2026|Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa]] * [[Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj in 2026|Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj]] * [[Destruction del synagoga de Rafi'-Nia|Attacco contra le synagoga de Rafi'-Nia]] * [[Attacco con dron contra Damietta in 2026|Attacco con dron contra Damietta]] * [[Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota in 2026|Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota]] * [[Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak]] |group3 = Naves implicate<br/>([[Lista de naves attaccate durante le guerra Iran de 2026|naves attaccate]]) |list3 = * {{USS|Abraham Lincoln|CVN-72}} * {{USS|Gerald R. Ford|}} * {{USS|Charlotte|SSN-766}} * {{ship|IRIS|Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis}} * {{ship|IRIS|Alvand}} * {{ship|IRIS|Bayandor}} * {{ship|IRIS|Dena}} ** [[Affundamento del IRIS Dena|affundamento]] * {{ship|IRIS|Deylaman}} * {{ship|IRIS|Fateh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Hamzeh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Jamaran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Makran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Naghdi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sabalan}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sahand|2012|6}} * {{Ship|IRIS|Shahid Bagheri}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Mahdavi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Rais-Ali Delvari}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Soleimani}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Sayyad Shirazi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Zagros}} * Altere ** [[Mayuree Naree (2007)|''Mayuree Naree'']] ** ''[[Touska]]'' ** [[Anduril Dive-LD]] |group4 = Impacto |list4 = * [[Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz]] ** [[Sovranitate iranian super le Stricto de Hormuz|Sovranitate iranian]] ** [[Crisis del combustibile in Iran in 2026|Crisis del combustibile]] *** [[Crisis energetic in le Philippinas in 2026|Philippinas]] * [[Destruction del patrimonio cultural durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Destruction del patrimonio cultural]] * [[Impacto economic del guerra Iran de 2026|Impacto economic]] ** [[Crisis economic iranian|Crisis economic iranian]] *** [[Die del Judicio economic]] * [[Evacuationes durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Evacuationes]] * [[Impacto del guerra Iran de 2026 sur Iran|Impacto in Iran]] ** [[Consilio de direction interim]] ** [[Election del Leader Supreme de Iran in 2026|Election del Leader Supreme]] ** [[Defection del equipa national feminin de football de Iran|Defection del equipa national feminin de football]] * [[Mobilisationes regional durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Mobilisationes regional]] ** [[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]] ** [[Operation Urja Suraksha]] * [[Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump in 2026]] * [[Crisis del Stricto de Bab al-Mandab]] |group5 = [[Reactiones al guerra Iran de 2026|Reactiones]] |list5 = * [[Protestas contra le guerra Iran de 2026|Protestas contra le guerra]] ** [[Attacco contra le consulate del Statos Unite in Karachi in 2026|Attacco contra le consulate statounitese in Karachi]] ** [[Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian in 2026|Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian]] ** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in 2026|Protestas contra le combustibile]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Francia in 2026|Francia]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Irlanda in 2026|Irlanda]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Syria in 2026|Syria]] ** [[Manifestationes del Die del Labor in 2026|Manifestationes del Die del Labor]] ** [[Manifestationes No Kings de martio 2026|Manifestationes No Kings]] * [[Celebrationes del diaspora iranian post le attaccos israelian–statounitese contra Iran|Celebrationes del diaspora iranian]] * [[Antisemitismo durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Antisemitismo]] ** [[Attaccos antisemitic in London in 2026|Attaccos in London]] * [[Resolution 2817 del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite]] * [[Censura durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Censura]] |group6 = Participation<br/>per pais |list6 = * [[Argentina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Argentina]] * [[Australia e le guerra Iran de 2026|Australia]] * [[Canada e le guerra Iran de 2026|Canada]] * [[China durante le guerra Iran de 2026|China]] * [[India durante le guerra Iran de 2026|India]] * [[Iraq durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Iraq]] * [[Pakistan durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Pakistan]] * [[Romania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Romania]] * [[Russia durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Russia]] * [[Hispania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Hispania]] ** [[Crisis diplomatic inter Hispania e le Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Crisis diplomatic de 2025–2026 con le Statos Unite]] * [[Syria durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Syria]] * [[Ucraina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ucraina]] * [[Participation del Regno Unite in le guerra Iran de 2026|Regno Unite]] |group7 = Connexe |list7 = * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Relationes Hezbollah–Iran]] * [[Ordine Executive 14203|Sanctiones del CPI sub le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Sanctiones international contra Iran]] ** [[Sanctiones del Statos Unite contra Iran|Sanctiones imponite per le Statos Unite]] * [[Iran e le terrorismo sponsorizate per statos]] * [[Iran e le armas de destruction massive]] ** [[Programma de missiles balistic de Iran|Missiles balistic]] ** [[Programma nuclear de Iran|Programma nuclear]] * [[Crisis interne iranian (2025–presente)|Crisis interne iranian]] * [[Opposition iranian]] ** [[Reza Pahlavi]] ** [[Maryam Rajavi]] * [[Bases israelian in Iraq]] * [[Lobby israelian in le Statos Unite]] * [[Activitates de Mossad in Iran]] * [[Crisis del Mar Rubie]] ** [[Houthis durante le guerra Iran de 2026]] ** [[Blocada houthi de Arabia Saudi]] ** [[Supporto iranian al Houthis]] * [[Separatismo in Iran]] ** [[Separatismo arabe in Khuzestan]] ** [[Conflict iranian–kurde]] *** [[Crisis kurde–iranian de 2026|Crisis kurde–iranian]] **** [[Conflictos in le west de Iran (2026–presente)|Conflictos in le west de Iran]] ** [[Insurrection in Sistan e Balochistan]] *** [[Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan (2026–presente)|Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan]] * [[Pirateria al costa de Somalia]] * [[Funeral de stato de Ali Khamenei]] * [[Accusationes de corruption durante le secunde presidantia de Trump|Accusationes de corruption contra Trump]] ** [[Accusationes de information privilegiata durante le secunde administration Trump|Accusationes de information privilegiata]] * [[Trump Sempre Se Retira|TACO e NACHO]] * [[Alliantia de Defension de Mecca]] * [[Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a in 2026]] * [[Offensivas de Yemen de 2026]] ** [[Fallimento de Mokha]] |below = * {{icon|category}} [[:Categoria:Guerra Iran de 2026|Categoria]] }}<noinclude> {{documentation del navbox}} [[Categoria:Guerra Iran de 2026|τ]] [[Categoria:Scatolas de navigation sur guerras e conflictos israelian]] [[Categoria:Scatolas de navigation sur guerras e conflictos del Golfo Persic]] [[Categoria:Scatolas de navigation sur guerras e conflictos del Statos Unite]] </noinclude> j3gawirg0sw00mo4wuvmscxr61a8rlx 704901 704900 2026-10-20T08:47:42Z Interlingvisto 60932 704901 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Guerra Iran de 2026 |title = [[Guerra Iran de 2026]] |state = collapsed |bodyclass = hlist |above = Parte del [[Conflict Iran–Israel]] e del [[Crisis del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)|Crisis del Medio Oriente]] |group1 = Vista general |list1 = child |1_group1 = General |1_list1 = * [[Schema del guerra Iran de 2026|Schema]] * [[Chronologia del guerra Iran de 2026|Chronologia]] ** [[Chronologia del guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] * [[Analyse del guerra Iran de 2026|Analyse]] * [[Lista de abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion]] * [[Victimas del guerra Iran de 2026|Victimas]] ** [[Lista de officiales iranian occidite durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Officiales iranian]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Khamenei|Ali Khamenei]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Larijani|Ali Larijani]] * [[Cessar le foco del guerra Iran de 2026|Cessar le foco]] ** [[Memorandum de Islamabad]] ** [[Colloquios de Islamabad]] ** [[Cessar le foco inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Cessar le foco Israel–Libano]] ** [[Colloquios de pace inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Colloquios de pace Israel–Libano]] * [[Ciberguerra durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ciberguerra]] * [[Disinformation durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Disinformation]] * [[Ordine de battalia del guerra Iran de 2026|Ordine de battalia]] * [[Effortios de cambio de regime durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Effortios de cambio de regime]] |1_group2 = [[Preludio al guerra Iran de 2026|Preludio]] |1_list2 = * [[Conflict per procura Iran–Israel]] * [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Conflict Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Attacco aeree israelian contra le consulate iranian in Damascus]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in april 2024]] ** [[Assassination de Ismail Haniyeh]] (prime fase) ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in octobre 2024]] ** [[Attaccos israelian contra Iran in octobre 2024]] (secunde fase) * [[Guerra de Libano de 2024]] * [[Relationes Iran–Statos Unite durante le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]] ** [[Victimas del Guerra de dece-duo dies|Victimas]] ** [[Impacto economic del conflict per procura Iran–Israel#Escalada verso un guerra aperte (junio 2025)|Impacto economic]] ** [[Reactiones al Guerra de dece-duo dies|Impacto]] ** [[Lista de attaccos durante le Guerra de dece-duo dies|Lista de attaccos]] *** [[Attaccos del Statos Unite contra sitos nuclear iranian in 2025|Attaccos statounitese contra sitos nuclear iranian]] *** [[Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid in 2025|Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid]] ** [[Cessar le foco del Guerra de dece-duo dies]] * [[Protestas iranian de 2025–2026]] ** [[Massacres in Iran in 2026|Massacres]] * [[Interruption del internet in Iran in 2026|Interruption del internet in Iran]] * [[Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente in 2026|Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente]] * [[Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite]] * [[Justification del guerra Iran de 2026|Justification]] |group2 = [[Lista de attaccos durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Attaccos]] |list2 = child |2_group1 = Attaccos iranian |2_list1 = * [[Attaccos iranian contra paises arabe in 2026|Paises arabe]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Bahrain in 2026|Bahrain]] ** [[Egypto durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Egypto]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Jordan in 2026|Jordan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Kuwait in 2026|Kuwait]] *** [[Attacco con dron al porto de Shuaiba in 2026|Porto de Shuaiba]] *** [[Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan in 2026|Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Oman in 2026|Oman]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Qatar in 2026|Qatar]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Arabia Saudi in 2026|Arabia Saudi]] *** [[Attacco contra le oleoducto Est–West in 2026|Oleoducto Est–West]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra le Emiratos Arabe Unite in 2026|Emiratos Arabe Unite]] * [[Presumite attaccos iranian contra Azerbaijan in 2026|Azerbaijan]] * [[Attaccos contra Akrotiri e Dhekelia in 2026|Akrotiri e Dhekelia]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in 2026|Israel]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra le Region del Kurdistan in 2026|Region del Kurdistan]] * [[Interceptiones de missiles iranian in Turchia in 2026|Turchia]] |2_group2 = Attaccos statounitese–<br/>israelian |2_list2 = * [[Campania aeree in le Kurdistan iranian]] * [[Attacco al insula de Kharg in 2026|Attacco al insula de Kharg]] * [[Attacco al insula de Lavan in 2026|Attacco al insula de Lavan]] * [[Attacco al campo de South Pars in 2026|Attacco al campo de South Pars]] * [[Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz]] * [[Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq in 2026|Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq]] ** [[Conflict del Statos Unite contra le milicias iraquian pro-iranian in 2026|Milicias iraquian pro-iranian]] *** [[Attaccos statounitese–saudi contra le milicias iraquian|Attaccos statounitese–saudi]] * [[Operation de rescate de un F-15E del Statos Unite in Iran in 2026|Operation de rescate statounitese de un F-15E in Iran]] * [[Blocada naval del Statos Unite contra Iran in 2026|Blocada naval statounitese contra Iran]] ** [[Operation Project Freedom]] * [[Attacco al insula de Larak in 2026|Attacco al insula de Larak]] |2_group3 = [[Guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] |2_list3 = * [[Batalla de Khiam (2026)|Batalla de Khiam]] * [[Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida in 2026|Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida]] * [[Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL in Aadchit al-Qusayr in 2026|Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL de Aadchit al-Qusayr]] * [[Attaccos israelian contra Libano del 8 april 2026|Attaccos contra Libano del 8 april]] * [[Batalla de Bint Jbeil (2026)|Batalla de Bint Jbeil]] * [[Transito israelian del fluvio Litani in 2026|Transito israelian del fluvio Litani]] * [[Batalla de Haddatha]] * [[Batalla de Zawtar al-Sharqiyah]] * [[Assedio de Ali al-Taher]] |2_group4 = Contra civil |2_list4 = * [[Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab]] * [[Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd in 2026|Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd]] * [[Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa in 2026|Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa]] * [[Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj in 2026|Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj]] * [[Destruction del synagoga de Rafi'-Nia|Attacco contra le synagoga de Rafi'-Nia]] * [[Attacco con dron contra Damietta in 2026|Attacco con dron contra Damietta]] * [[Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota in 2026|Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota]] * [[Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak]] |group3 = Naves implicate<br/>([[Lista de naves attaccate durante le guerra Iran de 2026|naves attaccate]]) |list3 = * {{USS|Abraham Lincoln|CVN-72}} * {{USS|Gerald R. Ford|}} * {{USS|Charlotte|SSN-766}} * {{ship|IRIS|Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis}} * {{ship|IRIS|Alvand}} * {{ship|IRIS|Bayandor}} * {{ship|IRIS|Dena}} ** [[Affundamento del IRIS Dena|affundamento]] * {{ship|IRIS|Deylaman}} * {{ship|IRIS|Fateh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Hamzeh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Jamaran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Makran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Naghdi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sabalan}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sahand|2012|6}} * {{Ship|IRIS|Shahid Bagheri}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Mahdavi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Rais-Ali Delvari}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Soleimani}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Sayyad Shirazi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Zagros}} * Altere ** [[Mayuree Naree (2007)|''Mayuree Naree'']] ** ''[[Touska]]'' ** [[Anduril Dive-LD]] |group4 = Impacto |list4 = * [[Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz]] ** [[Sovranitate iranian super le Stricto de Hormuz|Sovranitate iranian]] ** [[Crisis del combustibile in Iran in 2026|Crisis del combustibile]] *** [[Crisis energetic in le Philippinas in 2026|Philippinas]] * [[Destruction del patrimonio cultural durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Destruction del patrimonio cultural]] * [[Impacto economic del guerra Iran de 2026|Impacto economic]] ** [[Crisis economic iranian|Crisis economic iranian]] *** [[Die del Judicio economic]] * [[Evacuationes durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Evacuationes]] * [[Impacto del guerra Iran de 2026 sur Iran|Impacto in Iran]] ** [[Consilio de direction interim]] ** [[Election del Leader Supreme de Iran in 2026|Election del Leader Supreme]] ** [[Defection del equipa national feminin de football de Iran|Defection del equipa national feminin de football]] * [[Mobilisationes regional durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Mobilisationes regional]] ** [[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]] ** [[Operation Urja Suraksha]] * [[Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump in 2026]] * [[Crisis del Stricto de Bab al-Mandab]] |group5 = [[Reactiones al guerra Iran de 2026|Reactiones]] |list5 = * [[Protestas contra le guerra Iran de 2026|Protestas contra le guerra]] ** [[Attacco contra le consulate del Statos Unite in Karachi in 2026|Attacco contra le consulate statounitese in Karachi]] ** [[Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian in 2026|Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian]] ** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in 2026|Protestas contra le combustibile]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Francia in 2026|Francia]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Irlanda in 2026|Irlanda]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Syria in 2026|Syria]] ** [[Manifestationes del Die del Labor in 2026|Manifestationes del Die del Labor]] ** [[Manifestationes No Kings de martio 2026|Manifestationes No Kings]] * [[Celebrationes del diaspora iranian post le attaccos israelian–statounitese contra Iran|Celebrationes del diaspora iranian]] * [[Antisemitismo durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Antisemitismo]] ** [[Attaccos antisemitic in London in 2026|Attaccos in London]] * [[Resolution 2817 del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite]] * [[Censura durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Censura]] |group6 = Participation<br/>per pais |list6 = * [[Argentina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Argentina]] * [[Australia e le guerra Iran de 2026|Australia]] * [[Canada e le guerra Iran de 2026|Canada]] * [[China durante le guerra Iran de 2026|China]] * [[India durante le guerra Iran de 2026|India]] * [[Iraq durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Iraq]] * [[Pakistan durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Pakistan]] * [[Romania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Romania]] * [[Russia durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Russia]] * [[Hispania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Hispania]] ** [[Crisis diplomatic inter Hispania e le Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Crisis diplomatic de 2025–2026 con le Statos Unite]] * [[Syria durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Syria]] * [[Ucraina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ucraina]] * [[Participation del Regno Unite in le guerra Iran de 2026|Regno Unite]] |group7 = Connexe |list7 = * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Relationes Hezbollah–Iran]] * [[Ordine Executive 14203|Sanctiones del CPI sub le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Sanctiones international contra Iran]] ** [[Sanctiones del Statos Unite contra Iran|Sanctiones imponite per le Statos Unite]] * [[Iran e le terrorismo sponsorizate per statos]] * [[Iran e le armas de destruction massive]] ** [[Programma de missiles balistic de Iran|Missiles balistic]] ** [[Programma nuclear de Iran|Programma nuclear]] * [[Crisis interne iranian (2025–presente)|Crisis interne iranian]] * [[Opposition iranian]] ** [[Reza Pahlavi]] ** [[Maryam Rajavi]] * [[Bases israelian in Iraq]] * [[Lobby israelian in le Statos Unite]] * [[Activitates de Mossad in Iran]] * [[Crisis del Mar Rubie]] ** [[Houthis durante le guerra Iran de 2026]] ** [[Blocada houthi de Arabia Saudi]] ** [[Supporto iranian al Houthis]] * [[Separatismo in Iran]] ** [[Separatismo arabe in Khuzestan]] ** [[Conflict iranian–kurde]] *** [[Crisis kurde–iranian de 2026|Crisis kurde–iranian]] **** [[Conflictos in le west de Iran (2026–presente)|Conflictos in le west de Iran]] ** [[Insurrection in Sistan e Balochistan]] *** [[Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan (2026–presente)|Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan]] * [[Pirateria al costa de Somalia]] * [[Funeral de stato de Ali Khamenei]] * [[Accusationes de corruption durante le secunde presidantia de Trump|Accusationes de corruption contra Trump]] ** [[Accusationes de information privilegiata durante le secunde administration Trump|Accusationes de information privilegiata]] * [[Trump Sempre Se Retira|TACO e NACHO]] * [[Alliantia de Defension de Mecca]] * [[Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a in 2026]] * [[Offensivas de Yemen de 2026]] ** [[Fallimento de Mokha]] |below = * {{icon|category}} [[:Categoria:Guerra Iran de 2026|Categoria]] }} <noinclude>[[Categoria:Patronos de navigation]]</noinclude> 2fwozz9oaye2t0qmiclapfi6cnk50og 704902 704901 2026-10-20T08:48:52Z Interlingvisto 60932 704902 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Guerra de Iran de 2026 |title = [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] |state = collapsed |bodyclass = hlist |above = Parte del [[Conflict Iran–Israel]] e del [[Crisis del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)|Crisis del Medio Oriente]] |group1 = Vista general |list1 = child |1_group1 = General |1_list1 = * [[Schema del guerra Iran de 2026|Schema]] * [[Chronologia del guerra Iran de 2026|Chronologia]] ** [[Chronologia del guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] * [[Analyse del guerra Iran de 2026|Analyse]] * [[Lista de abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion]] * [[Victimas del guerra Iran de 2026|Victimas]] ** [[Lista de officiales iranian occidite durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Officiales iranian]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Khamenei|Ali Khamenei]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Larijani|Ali Larijani]] * [[Cessar le foco del guerra Iran de 2026|Cessar le foco]] ** [[Memorandum de Islamabad]] ** [[Colloquios de Islamabad]] ** [[Cessar le foco inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Cessar le foco Israel–Libano]] ** [[Colloquios de pace inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Colloquios de pace Israel–Libano]] * [[Ciberguerra durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ciberguerra]] * [[Disinformation durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Disinformation]] * [[Ordine de battalia del guerra Iran de 2026|Ordine de battalia]] * [[Effortios de cambio de regime durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Effortios de cambio de regime]] |1_group2 = [[Preludio al guerra Iran de 2026|Preludio]] |1_list2 = * [[Conflict per procura Iran–Israel]] * [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Conflict Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Attacco aeree israelian contra le consulate iranian in Damascus]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in april 2024]] ** [[Assassination de Ismail Haniyeh]] (prime fase) ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in octobre 2024]] ** [[Attaccos israelian contra Iran in octobre 2024]] (secunde fase) * [[Guerra de Libano de 2024]] * [[Relationes Iran–Statos Unite durante le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]] ** [[Victimas del Guerra de dece-duo dies|Victimas]] ** [[Impacto economic del conflict per procura Iran–Israel#Escalada verso un guerra aperte (junio 2025)|Impacto economic]] ** [[Reactiones al Guerra de dece-duo dies|Impacto]] ** [[Lista de attaccos durante le Guerra de dece-duo dies|Lista de attaccos]] *** [[Attaccos del Statos Unite contra sitos nuclear iranian in 2025|Attaccos statounitese contra sitos nuclear iranian]] *** [[Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid in 2025|Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid]] ** [[Cessar le foco del Guerra de dece-duo dies]] * [[Protestas iranian de 2025–2026]] ** [[Massacres in Iran in 2026|Massacres]] * [[Interruption del internet in Iran in 2026|Interruption del internet in Iran]] * [[Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente in 2026|Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente]] * [[Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite]] * [[Justification del guerra Iran de 2026|Justification]] |group2 = [[Lista de attaccos durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Attaccos]] |list2 = child |2_group1 = Attaccos iranian |2_list1 = * [[Attaccos iranian contra paises arabe in 2026|Paises arabe]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Bahrain in 2026|Bahrain]] ** [[Egypto durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Egypto]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Jordan in 2026|Jordan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Kuwait in 2026|Kuwait]] *** [[Attacco con dron al porto de Shuaiba in 2026|Porto de Shuaiba]] *** [[Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan in 2026|Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Oman in 2026|Oman]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Qatar in 2026|Qatar]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Arabia Saudi in 2026|Arabia Saudi]] *** [[Attacco contra le oleoducto Est–West in 2026|Oleoducto Est–West]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra le Emiratos Arabe Unite in 2026|Emiratos Arabe Unite]] * [[Presumite attaccos iranian contra Azerbaijan in 2026|Azerbaijan]] * [[Attaccos contra Akrotiri e Dhekelia in 2026|Akrotiri e Dhekelia]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in 2026|Israel]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra le Region del Kurdistan in 2026|Region del Kurdistan]] * [[Interceptiones de missiles iranian in Turchia in 2026|Turchia]] |2_group2 = Attaccos statounitese–<br/>israelian |2_list2 = * [[Campania aeree in le Kurdistan iranian]] * [[Attacco al insula de Kharg in 2026|Attacco al insula de Kharg]] * [[Attacco al insula de Lavan in 2026|Attacco al insula de Lavan]] * [[Attacco al campo de South Pars in 2026|Attacco al campo de South Pars]] * [[Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz]] * [[Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq in 2026|Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq]] ** [[Conflict del Statos Unite contra le milicias iraquian pro-iranian in 2026|Milicias iraquian pro-iranian]] *** [[Attaccos statounitese–saudi contra le milicias iraquian|Attaccos statounitese–saudi]] * [[Operation de rescate de un F-15E del Statos Unite in Iran in 2026|Operation de rescate statounitese de un F-15E in Iran]] * [[Blocada naval del Statos Unite contra Iran in 2026|Blocada naval statounitese contra Iran]] ** [[Operation Project Freedom]] * [[Attacco al insula de Larak in 2026|Attacco al insula de Larak]] |2_group3 = [[Guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] |2_list3 = * [[Batalla de Khiam (2026)|Batalla de Khiam]] * [[Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida in 2026|Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida]] * [[Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL in Aadchit al-Qusayr in 2026|Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL de Aadchit al-Qusayr]] * [[Attaccos israelian contra Libano del 8 april 2026|Attaccos contra Libano del 8 april]] * [[Batalla de Bint Jbeil (2026)|Batalla de Bint Jbeil]] * [[Transito israelian del fluvio Litani in 2026|Transito israelian del fluvio Litani]] * [[Batalla de Haddatha]] * [[Batalla de Zawtar al-Sharqiyah]] * [[Assedio de Ali al-Taher]] |2_group4 = Contra civil |2_list4 = * [[Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab]] * [[Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd in 2026|Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd]] * [[Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa in 2026|Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa]] * [[Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj in 2026|Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj]] * [[Destruction del synagoga de Rafi'-Nia|Attacco contra le synagoga de Rafi'-Nia]] * [[Attacco con dron contra Damietta in 2026|Attacco con dron contra Damietta]] * [[Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota in 2026|Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota]] * [[Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak]] |group3 = Naves implicate<br/>([[Lista de naves attaccate durante le guerra Iran de 2026|naves attaccate]]) |list3 = * {{USS|Abraham Lincoln|CVN-72}} * {{USS|Gerald R. Ford|}} * {{USS|Charlotte|SSN-766}} * {{ship|IRIS|Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis}} * {{ship|IRIS|Alvand}} * {{ship|IRIS|Bayandor}} * {{ship|IRIS|Dena}} ** [[Affundamento del IRIS Dena|affundamento]] * {{ship|IRIS|Deylaman}} * {{ship|IRIS|Fateh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Hamzeh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Jamaran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Makran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Naghdi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sabalan}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sahand|2012|6}} * {{Ship|IRIS|Shahid Bagheri}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Mahdavi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Rais-Ali Delvari}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Soleimani}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Sayyad Shirazi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Zagros}} * Altere ** [[Mayuree Naree (2007)|''Mayuree Naree'']] ** ''[[Touska]]'' ** [[Anduril Dive-LD]] |group4 = Impacto |list4 = * [[Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz]] ** [[Sovranitate iranian super le Stricto de Hormuz|Sovranitate iranian]] ** [[Crisis del combustibile in Iran in 2026|Crisis del combustibile]] *** [[Crisis energetic in le Philippinas in 2026|Philippinas]] * [[Destruction del patrimonio cultural durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Destruction del patrimonio cultural]] * [[Impacto economic del guerra Iran de 2026|Impacto economic]] ** [[Crisis economic iranian|Crisis economic iranian]] *** [[Die del Judicio economic]] * [[Evacuationes durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Evacuationes]] * [[Impacto del guerra Iran de 2026 sur Iran|Impacto in Iran]] ** [[Consilio de direction interim]] ** [[Election del Leader Supreme de Iran in 2026|Election del Leader Supreme]] ** [[Defection del equipa national feminin de football de Iran|Defection del equipa national feminin de football]] * [[Mobilisationes regional durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Mobilisationes regional]] ** [[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]] ** [[Operation Urja Suraksha]] * [[Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump in 2026]] * [[Crisis del Stricto de Bab al-Mandab]] |group5 = [[Reactiones al guerra Iran de 2026|Reactiones]] |list5 = * [[Protestas contra le guerra Iran de 2026|Protestas contra le guerra]] ** [[Attacco contra le consulate del Statos Unite in Karachi in 2026|Attacco contra le consulate statounitese in Karachi]] ** [[Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian in 2026|Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian]] ** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in 2026|Protestas contra le combustibile]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Francia in 2026|Francia]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Irlanda in 2026|Irlanda]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Syria in 2026|Syria]] ** [[Manifestationes del Die del Labor in 2026|Manifestationes del Die del Labor]] ** [[Manifestationes No Kings de martio 2026|Manifestationes No Kings]] * [[Celebrationes del diaspora iranian post le attaccos israelian–statounitese contra Iran|Celebrationes del diaspora iranian]] * [[Antisemitismo durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Antisemitismo]] ** [[Attaccos antisemitic in London in 2026|Attaccos in London]] * [[Resolution 2817 del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite]] * [[Censura durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Censura]] |group6 = Participation<br/>per pais |list6 = * [[Argentina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Argentina]] * [[Australia e le guerra Iran de 2026|Australia]] * [[Canada e le guerra Iran de 2026|Canada]] * [[China durante le guerra Iran de 2026|China]] * [[India durante le guerra Iran de 2026|India]] * [[Iraq durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Iraq]] * [[Pakistan durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Pakistan]] * [[Romania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Romania]] * [[Russia durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Russia]] * [[Hispania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Hispania]] ** [[Crisis diplomatic inter Hispania e le Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Crisis diplomatic de 2025–2026 con le Statos Unite]] * [[Syria durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Syria]] * [[Ucraina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ucraina]] * [[Participation del Regno Unite in le guerra Iran de 2026|Regno Unite]] |group7 = Connexe |list7 = * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Relationes Hezbollah–Iran]] * [[Ordine Executive 14203|Sanctiones del CPI sub le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Sanctiones international contra Iran]] ** [[Sanctiones del Statos Unite contra Iran|Sanctiones imponite per le Statos Unite]] * [[Iran e le terrorismo sponsorizate per statos]] * [[Iran e le armas de destruction massive]] ** [[Programma de missiles balistic de Iran|Missiles balistic]] ** [[Programma nuclear de Iran|Programma nuclear]] * [[Crisis interne iranian (2025–presente)|Crisis interne iranian]] * [[Opposition iranian]] ** [[Reza Pahlavi]] ** [[Maryam Rajavi]] * [[Bases israelian in Iraq]] * [[Lobby israelian in le Statos Unite]] * [[Activitates de Mossad in Iran]] * [[Crisis del Mar Rubie]] ** [[Houthis durante le guerra Iran de 2026]] ** [[Blocada houthi de Arabia Saudi]] ** [[Supporto iranian al Houthis]] * [[Separatismo in Iran]] ** [[Separatismo arabe in Khuzestan]] ** [[Conflict iranian–kurde]] *** [[Crisis kurde–iranian de 2026|Crisis kurde–iranian]] **** [[Conflictos in le west de Iran (2026–presente)|Conflictos in le west de Iran]] ** [[Insurrection in Sistan e Balochistan]] *** [[Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan (2026–presente)|Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan]] * [[Pirateria al costa de Somalia]] * [[Funeral de stato de Ali Khamenei]] * [[Accusationes de corruption durante le secunde presidantia de Trump|Accusationes de corruption contra Trump]] ** [[Accusationes de information privilegiata durante le secunde administration Trump|Accusationes de information privilegiata]] * [[Trump Sempre Se Retira|TACO e NACHO]] * [[Alliantia de Defension de Mecca]] * [[Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a in 2026]] * [[Offensivas de Yemen de 2026]] ** [[Fallimento de Mokha]] |below = * {{icon|category}} [[:Categoria:Guerra Iran de 2026|Categoria]] }} <noinclude>[[Categoria:Patronos de navigation]]</noinclude> 4dzp4kilt0gx4i4qjat4c7f2csw0f7i 704918 704902 2026-10-20T10:15:00Z Interlingvisto 60932 704918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Guerra de Iran de 2026 |title = [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] |state = collapsed |bodyclass = hlist |above = Parte del [[Conflicto inter Iran e Israel]] e del [[Crisis del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)|Crisis del Medio Oriente]] |group1 = Vista general |list1 = child |1_group1 = General |1_list1 = * [[Schema del guerra Iran de 2026|Schema]] * [[Chronologia del guerra Iran de 2026|Chronologia]] ** [[Chronologia del guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] * [[Analyse del guerra Iran de 2026|Analyse]] * [[Lista de abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion]] * [[Victimas del guerra Iran de 2026|Victimas]] ** [[Lista de officiales iranian occidite durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Officiales iranian]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Khamenei|Ali Khamenei]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Larijani|Ali Larijani]] * [[Cessar le foco del guerra Iran de 2026|Cessar le foco]] ** [[Memorandum de Islamabad]] ** [[Colloquios de Islamabad]] ** [[Cessar le foco inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Cessar le foco Israel–Libano]] ** [[Colloquios de pace inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Colloquios de pace Israel–Libano]] * [[Ciberguerra durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ciberguerra]] * [[Disinformation durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Disinformation]] * [[Ordine de battalia del guerra Iran de 2026|Ordine de battalia]] * [[Effortios de cambio de regime durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Effortios de cambio de regime]] |1_group2 = [[Preludio al guerra Iran de 2026|Preludio]] |1_list2 = * [[Conflict per procura Iran–Israel]] * [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Conflict Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Attacco aeree israelian contra le consulate iranian in Damascus]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in april 2024]] ** [[Assassination de Ismail Haniyeh]] (prime fase) ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in octobre 2024]] ** [[Attaccos israelian contra Iran in octobre 2024]] (secunde fase) * [[Guerra de Libano de 2024]] * [[Relationes Iran–Statos Unite durante le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]] ** [[Victimas del Guerra de dece-duo dies|Victimas]] ** [[Impacto economic del conflict per procura Iran–Israel#Escalada verso un guerra aperte (junio 2025)|Impacto economic]] ** [[Reactiones al Guerra de dece-duo dies|Impacto]] ** [[Lista de attaccos durante le Guerra de dece-duo dies|Lista de attaccos]] *** [[Attaccos del Statos Unite contra sitos nuclear iranian in 2025|Attaccos statounitese contra sitos nuclear iranian]] *** [[Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid in 2025|Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid]] ** [[Cessar le foco del Guerra de dece-duo dies]] * [[Protestas iranian de 2025–2026]] ** [[Massacres in Iran in 2026|Massacres]] * [[Interruption del internet in Iran in 2026|Interruption del internet in Iran]] * [[Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente in 2026|Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente]] * [[Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite]] * [[Justification del guerra Iran de 2026|Justification]] |group2 = [[Lista de attaccos durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Attaccos]] |list2 = child |2_group1 = Attaccos iranian |2_list1 = * [[Attaccos iranian contra paises arabe in 2026|Paises arabe]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Bahrain in 2026|Bahrain]] ** [[Egypto durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Egypto]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Jordan in 2026|Jordan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Kuwait in 2026|Kuwait]] *** [[Attacco con dron al porto de Shuaiba in 2026|Porto de Shuaiba]] *** [[Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan in 2026|Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Oman in 2026|Oman]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Qatar in 2026|Qatar]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Arabia Saudi in 2026|Arabia Saudi]] *** [[Attacco contra le oleoducto Est–West in 2026|Oleoducto Est–West]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra le Emiratos Arabe Unite in 2026|Emiratos Arabe Unite]] * [[Presumite attaccos iranian contra Azerbaijan in 2026|Azerbaijan]] * [[Attaccos contra Akrotiri e Dhekelia in 2026|Akrotiri e Dhekelia]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in 2026|Israel]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra le Region del Kurdistan in 2026|Region del Kurdistan]] * [[Interceptiones de missiles iranian in Turchia in 2026|Turchia]] |2_group2 = Attaccos statounitese–<br/>israelian |2_list2 = * [[Campania aeree in le Kurdistan iranian]] * [[Attacco al insula de Kharg in 2026|Attacco al insula de Kharg]] * [[Attacco al insula de Lavan in 2026|Attacco al insula de Lavan]] * [[Attacco al campo de South Pars in 2026|Attacco al campo de South Pars]] * [[Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz]] * [[Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq in 2026|Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq]] ** [[Conflict del Statos Unite contra le milicias iraquian pro-iranian in 2026|Milicias iraquian pro-iranian]] *** [[Attaccos statounitese–saudi contra le milicias iraquian|Attaccos statounitese–saudi]] * [[Operation de rescate de un F-15E del Statos Unite in Iran in 2026|Operation de rescate statounitese de un F-15E in Iran]] * [[Blocada naval del Statos Unite contra Iran in 2026|Blocada naval statounitese contra Iran]] ** [[Operation Project Freedom]] * [[Attacco al insula de Larak in 2026|Attacco al insula de Larak]] |2_group3 = [[Guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] |2_list3 = * [[Batalla de Khiam (2026)|Batalla de Khiam]] * [[Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida in 2026|Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida]] * [[Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL in Aadchit al-Qusayr in 2026|Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL de Aadchit al-Qusayr]] * [[Attaccos israelian contra Libano del 8 april 2026|Attaccos contra Libano del 8 april]] * [[Batalla de Bint Jbeil (2026)|Batalla de Bint Jbeil]] * [[Transito israelian del fluvio Litani in 2026|Transito israelian del fluvio Litani]] * [[Batalla de Haddatha]] * [[Batalla de Zawtar al-Sharqiyah]] * [[Assedio de Ali al-Taher]] |2_group4 = Contra civil |2_list4 = * [[Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab]] * [[Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd in 2026|Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd]] * [[Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa in 2026|Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa]] * [[Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj in 2026|Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj]] * [[Destruction del synagoga de Rafi'-Nia|Attacco contra le synagoga de Rafi'-Nia]] * [[Attacco con dron contra Damietta in 2026|Attacco con dron contra Damietta]] * [[Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota in 2026|Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota]] * [[Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak]] |group3 = Naves implicate<br/>([[Lista de naves attaccate durante le guerra Iran de 2026|naves attaccate]]) |list3 = * {{USS|Abraham Lincoln|CVN-72}} * {{USS|Gerald R. Ford|}} * {{USS|Charlotte|SSN-766}} * {{ship|IRIS|Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis}} * {{ship|IRIS|Alvand}} * {{ship|IRIS|Bayandor}} * {{ship|IRIS|Dena}} ** [[Affundamento del IRIS Dena|affundamento]] * {{ship|IRIS|Deylaman}} * {{ship|IRIS|Fateh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Hamzeh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Jamaran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Makran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Naghdi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sabalan}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sahand|2012|6}} * {{Ship|IRIS|Shahid Bagheri}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Mahdavi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Rais-Ali Delvari}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Soleimani}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Sayyad Shirazi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Zagros}} * Altere ** [[Mayuree Naree (2007)|''Mayuree Naree'']] ** ''[[Touska]]'' ** [[Anduril Dive-LD]] |group4 = Impacto |list4 = * [[Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz]] ** [[Sovranitate iranian super le Stricto de Hormuz|Sovranitate iranian]] ** [[Crisis del combustibile in Iran in 2026|Crisis del combustibile]] *** [[Crisis energetic in le Philippinas in 2026|Philippinas]] * [[Destruction del patrimonio cultural durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Destruction del patrimonio cultural]] * [[Impacto economic del guerra Iran de 2026|Impacto economic]] ** [[Crisis economic iranian|Crisis economic iranian]] *** [[Die del Judicio economic]] * [[Evacuationes durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Evacuationes]] * [[Impacto del guerra Iran de 2026 sur Iran|Impacto in Iran]] ** [[Consilio de direction interim]] ** [[Election del Leader Supreme de Iran in 2026|Election del Leader Supreme]] ** [[Defection del equipa national feminin de football de Iran|Defection del equipa national feminin de football]] * [[Mobilisationes regional durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Mobilisationes regional]] ** [[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]] ** [[Operation Urja Suraksha]] * [[Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump in 2026]] * [[Crisis del Stricto de Bab al-Mandab]] |group5 = [[Reactiones al guerra Iran de 2026|Reactiones]] |list5 = * [[Protestas contra le guerra Iran de 2026|Protestas contra le guerra]] ** [[Attacco contra le consulate del Statos Unite in Karachi in 2026|Attacco contra le consulate statounitese in Karachi]] ** [[Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian in 2026|Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian]] ** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in 2026|Protestas contra le combustibile]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Francia in 2026|Francia]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Irlanda in 2026|Irlanda]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Syria in 2026|Syria]] ** [[Manifestationes del Die del Labor in 2026|Manifestationes del Die del Labor]] ** [[Manifestationes No Kings de martio 2026|Manifestationes No Kings]] * [[Celebrationes del diaspora iranian post le attaccos israelian–statounitese contra Iran|Celebrationes del diaspora iranian]] * [[Antisemitismo durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Antisemitismo]] ** [[Attaccos antisemitic in London in 2026|Attaccos in London]] * [[Resolution 2817 del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite]] * [[Censura durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Censura]] |group6 = Participation<br/>per pais |list6 = * [[Argentina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Argentina]] * [[Australia e le guerra Iran de 2026|Australia]] * [[Canada e le guerra Iran de 2026|Canada]] * [[China durante le guerra Iran de 2026|China]] * [[India durante le guerra Iran de 2026|India]] * [[Iraq durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Iraq]] * [[Pakistan durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Pakistan]] * [[Romania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Romania]] * [[Russia durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Russia]] * [[Hispania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Hispania]] ** [[Crisis diplomatic inter Hispania e le Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Crisis diplomatic de 2025–2026 con le Statos Unite]] * [[Syria durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Syria]] * [[Ucraina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ucraina]] * [[Participation del Regno Unite in le guerra Iran de 2026|Regno Unite]] |group7 = Connexe |list7 = * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Relationes Hezbollah–Iran]] * [[Ordine Executive 14203|Sanctiones del CPI sub le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Sanctiones international contra Iran]] ** [[Sanctiones del Statos Unite contra Iran|Sanctiones imponite per le Statos Unite]] * [[Iran e le terrorismo sponsorizate per statos]] * [[Iran e le armas de destruction massive]] ** [[Programma de missiles balistic de Iran|Missiles balistic]] ** [[Programma nuclear de Iran|Programma nuclear]] * [[Crisis interne iranian (2025–presente)|Crisis interne iranian]] * [[Opposition iranian]] ** [[Reza Pahlavi]] ** [[Maryam Rajavi]] * [[Bases israelian in Iraq]] * [[Lobby israelian in le Statos Unite]] * [[Activitates de Mossad in Iran]] * [[Crisis del Mar Rubie]] ** [[Houthis durante le guerra Iran de 2026]] ** [[Blocada houthi de Arabia Saudi]] ** [[Supporto iranian al Houthis]] * [[Separatismo in Iran]] ** [[Separatismo arabe in Khuzestan]] ** [[Conflict iranian–kurde]] *** [[Crisis kurde–iranian de 2026|Crisis kurde–iranian]] **** [[Conflictos in le west de Iran (2026–presente)|Conflictos in le west de Iran]] ** [[Insurrection in Sistan e Balochistan]] *** [[Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan (2026–presente)|Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan]] * [[Pirateria al costa de Somalia]] * [[Funeral de stato de Ali Khamenei]] * [[Accusationes de corruption durante le secunde presidantia de Trump|Accusationes de corruption contra Trump]] ** [[Accusationes de information privilegiata durante le secunde administration Trump|Accusationes de information privilegiata]] * [[Trump Sempre Se Retira|TACO e NACHO]] * [[Alliantia de Defension de Mecca]] * [[Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a in 2026]] * [[Offensivas de Yemen de 2026]] ** [[Fallimento de Mokha]] |below = * {{icon|category}} [[:Categoria:Guerra Iran de 2026|Categoria]] }} <noinclude>[[Categoria:Patronos de navigation]]</noinclude> 1dl6oqyzj7rbinyo6et0zrdnzcxpvbi 704919 704918 2026-10-20T10:15:18Z Interlingvisto 60932 704919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Guerra de Iran de 2026 |title = [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] |state = collapsed |bodyclass = hlist |above = Parte del [[Conflicto inter Iran e Israel]] e del [[Crise de Oriente Medie (2023-presente)|Crisis del Medio Oriente]] |group1 = Vista general |list1 = child |1_group1 = General |1_list1 = * [[Schema del guerra Iran de 2026|Schema]] * [[Chronologia del guerra Iran de 2026|Chronologia]] ** [[Chronologia del guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] * [[Analyse del guerra Iran de 2026|Analyse]] * [[Lista de abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion]] * [[Victimas del guerra Iran de 2026|Victimas]] ** [[Lista de officiales iranian occidite durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Officiales iranian]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Khamenei|Ali Khamenei]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Larijani|Ali Larijani]] * [[Cessar le foco del guerra Iran de 2026|Cessar le foco]] ** [[Memorandum de Islamabad]] ** [[Colloquios de Islamabad]] ** [[Cessar le foco inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Cessar le foco Israel–Libano]] ** [[Colloquios de pace inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Colloquios de pace Israel–Libano]] * [[Ciberguerra durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ciberguerra]] * [[Disinformation durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Disinformation]] * [[Ordine de battalia del guerra Iran de 2026|Ordine de battalia]] * [[Effortios de cambio de regime durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Effortios de cambio de regime]] |1_group2 = [[Preludio al guerra Iran de 2026|Preludio]] |1_list2 = * [[Conflict per procura Iran–Israel]] * [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Conflict Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Attacco aeree israelian contra le consulate iranian in Damascus]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in april 2024]] ** [[Assassination de Ismail Haniyeh]] (prime fase) ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in octobre 2024]] ** [[Attaccos israelian contra Iran in octobre 2024]] (secunde fase) * [[Guerra de Libano de 2024]] * [[Relationes Iran–Statos Unite durante le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]] ** [[Victimas del Guerra de dece-duo dies|Victimas]] ** [[Impacto economic del conflict per procura Iran–Israel#Escalada verso un guerra aperte (junio 2025)|Impacto economic]] ** [[Reactiones al Guerra de dece-duo dies|Impacto]] ** [[Lista de attaccos durante le Guerra de dece-duo dies|Lista de attaccos]] *** [[Attaccos del Statos Unite contra sitos nuclear iranian in 2025|Attaccos statounitese contra sitos nuclear iranian]] *** [[Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid in 2025|Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid]] ** [[Cessar le foco del Guerra de dece-duo dies]] * [[Protestas iranian de 2025–2026]] ** [[Massacres in Iran in 2026|Massacres]] * [[Interruption del internet in Iran in 2026|Interruption del internet in Iran]] * [[Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente in 2026|Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente]] * [[Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite]] * [[Justification del guerra Iran de 2026|Justification]] |group2 = [[Lista de attaccos durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Attaccos]] |list2 = child |2_group1 = Attaccos iranian |2_list1 = * [[Attaccos iranian contra paises arabe in 2026|Paises arabe]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Bahrain in 2026|Bahrain]] ** [[Egypto durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Egypto]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Jordan in 2026|Jordan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Kuwait in 2026|Kuwait]] *** [[Attacco con dron al porto de Shuaiba in 2026|Porto de Shuaiba]] *** [[Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan in 2026|Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Oman in 2026|Oman]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Qatar in 2026|Qatar]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Arabia Saudi in 2026|Arabia Saudi]] *** [[Attacco contra le oleoducto Est–West in 2026|Oleoducto Est–West]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra le Emiratos Arabe Unite in 2026|Emiratos Arabe Unite]] * [[Presumite attaccos iranian contra Azerbaijan in 2026|Azerbaijan]] * [[Attaccos contra Akrotiri e Dhekelia in 2026|Akrotiri e Dhekelia]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in 2026|Israel]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra le Region del Kurdistan in 2026|Region del Kurdistan]] * [[Interceptiones de missiles iranian in Turchia in 2026|Turchia]] |2_group2 = Attaccos statounitese–<br/>israelian |2_list2 = * [[Campania aeree in le Kurdistan iranian]] * [[Attacco al insula de Kharg in 2026|Attacco al insula de Kharg]] * [[Attacco al insula de Lavan in 2026|Attacco al insula de Lavan]] * [[Attacco al campo de South Pars in 2026|Attacco al campo de South Pars]] * [[Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz]] * [[Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq in 2026|Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq]] ** [[Conflict del Statos Unite contra le milicias iraquian pro-iranian in 2026|Milicias iraquian pro-iranian]] *** [[Attaccos statounitese–saudi contra le milicias iraquian|Attaccos statounitese–saudi]] * [[Operation de rescate de un F-15E del Statos Unite in Iran in 2026|Operation de rescate statounitese de un F-15E in Iran]] * [[Blocada naval del Statos Unite contra Iran in 2026|Blocada naval statounitese contra Iran]] ** [[Operation Project Freedom]] * [[Attacco al insula de Larak in 2026|Attacco al insula de Larak]] |2_group3 = [[Guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] |2_list3 = * [[Batalla de Khiam (2026)|Batalla de Khiam]] * [[Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida in 2026|Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida]] * [[Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL in Aadchit al-Qusayr in 2026|Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL de Aadchit al-Qusayr]] * [[Attaccos israelian contra Libano del 8 april 2026|Attaccos contra Libano del 8 april]] * [[Batalla de Bint Jbeil (2026)|Batalla de Bint Jbeil]] * [[Transito israelian del fluvio Litani in 2026|Transito israelian del fluvio Litani]] * [[Batalla de Haddatha]] * [[Batalla de Zawtar al-Sharqiyah]] * [[Assedio de Ali al-Taher]] |2_group4 = Contra civil |2_list4 = * [[Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab]] * [[Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd in 2026|Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd]] * [[Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa in 2026|Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa]] * [[Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj in 2026|Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj]] * [[Destruction del synagoga de Rafi'-Nia|Attacco contra le synagoga de Rafi'-Nia]] * [[Attacco con dron contra Damietta in 2026|Attacco con dron contra Damietta]] * [[Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota in 2026|Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota]] * [[Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak]] |group3 = Naves implicate<br/>([[Lista de naves attaccate durante le guerra Iran de 2026|naves attaccate]]) |list3 = * {{USS|Abraham Lincoln|CVN-72}} * {{USS|Gerald R. Ford|}} * {{USS|Charlotte|SSN-766}} * {{ship|IRIS|Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis}} * {{ship|IRIS|Alvand}} * {{ship|IRIS|Bayandor}} * {{ship|IRIS|Dena}} ** [[Affundamento del IRIS Dena|affundamento]] * {{ship|IRIS|Deylaman}} * {{ship|IRIS|Fateh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Hamzeh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Jamaran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Makran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Naghdi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sabalan}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sahand|2012|6}} * {{Ship|IRIS|Shahid Bagheri}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Mahdavi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Rais-Ali Delvari}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Soleimani}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Sayyad Shirazi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Zagros}} * Altere ** [[Mayuree Naree (2007)|''Mayuree Naree'']] ** ''[[Touska]]'' ** [[Anduril Dive-LD]] |group4 = Impacto |list4 = * [[Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz]] ** [[Sovranitate iranian super le Stricto de Hormuz|Sovranitate iranian]] ** [[Crisis del combustibile in Iran in 2026|Crisis del combustibile]] *** [[Crisis energetic in le Philippinas in 2026|Philippinas]] * [[Destruction del patrimonio cultural durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Destruction del patrimonio cultural]] * [[Impacto economic del guerra Iran de 2026|Impacto economic]] ** [[Crisis economic iranian|Crisis economic iranian]] *** [[Die del Judicio economic]] * [[Evacuationes durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Evacuationes]] * [[Impacto del guerra Iran de 2026 sur Iran|Impacto in Iran]] ** [[Consilio de direction interim]] ** [[Election del Leader Supreme de Iran in 2026|Election del Leader Supreme]] ** [[Defection del equipa national feminin de football de Iran|Defection del equipa national feminin de football]] * [[Mobilisationes regional durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Mobilisationes regional]] ** [[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]] ** [[Operation Urja Suraksha]] * [[Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump in 2026]] * [[Crisis del Stricto de Bab al-Mandab]] |group5 = [[Reactiones al guerra Iran de 2026|Reactiones]] |list5 = * [[Protestas contra le guerra Iran de 2026|Protestas contra le guerra]] ** [[Attacco contra le consulate del Statos Unite in Karachi in 2026|Attacco contra le consulate statounitese in Karachi]] ** [[Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian in 2026|Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian]] ** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in 2026|Protestas contra le combustibile]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Francia in 2026|Francia]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Irlanda in 2026|Irlanda]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Syria in 2026|Syria]] ** [[Manifestationes del Die del Labor in 2026|Manifestationes del Die del Labor]] ** [[Manifestationes No Kings de martio 2026|Manifestationes No Kings]] * [[Celebrationes del diaspora iranian post le attaccos israelian–statounitese contra Iran|Celebrationes del diaspora iranian]] * [[Antisemitismo durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Antisemitismo]] ** [[Attaccos antisemitic in London in 2026|Attaccos in London]] * [[Resolution 2817 del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite]] * [[Censura durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Censura]] |group6 = Participation<br/>per pais |list6 = * [[Argentina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Argentina]] * [[Australia e le guerra Iran de 2026|Australia]] * [[Canada e le guerra Iran de 2026|Canada]] * [[China durante le guerra Iran de 2026|China]] * [[India durante le guerra Iran de 2026|India]] * [[Iraq durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Iraq]] * [[Pakistan durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Pakistan]] * [[Romania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Romania]] * [[Russia durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Russia]] * [[Hispania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Hispania]] ** [[Crisis diplomatic inter Hispania e le Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Crisis diplomatic de 2025–2026 con le Statos Unite]] * [[Syria durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Syria]] * [[Ucraina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ucraina]] * [[Participation del Regno Unite in le guerra Iran de 2026|Regno Unite]] |group7 = Connexe |list7 = * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Relationes Hezbollah–Iran]] * [[Ordine Executive 14203|Sanctiones del CPI sub le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Sanctiones international contra Iran]] ** [[Sanctiones del Statos Unite contra Iran|Sanctiones imponite per le Statos Unite]] * [[Iran e le terrorismo sponsorizate per statos]] * [[Iran e le armas de destruction massive]] ** [[Programma de missiles balistic de Iran|Missiles balistic]] ** [[Programma nuclear de Iran|Programma nuclear]] * [[Crisis interne iranian (2025–presente)|Crisis interne iranian]] * [[Opposition iranian]] ** [[Reza Pahlavi]] ** [[Maryam Rajavi]] * [[Bases israelian in Iraq]] * [[Lobby israelian in le Statos Unite]] * [[Activitates de Mossad in Iran]] * [[Crisis del Mar Rubie]] ** [[Houthis durante le guerra Iran de 2026]] ** [[Blocada houthi de Arabia Saudi]] ** [[Supporto iranian al Houthis]] * [[Separatismo in Iran]] ** [[Separatismo arabe in Khuzestan]] ** [[Conflict iranian–kurde]] *** [[Crisis kurde–iranian de 2026|Crisis kurde–iranian]] **** [[Conflictos in le west de Iran (2026–presente)|Conflictos in le west de Iran]] ** [[Insurrection in Sistan e Balochistan]] *** [[Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan (2026–presente)|Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan]] * [[Pirateria al costa de Somalia]] * [[Funeral de stato de Ali Khamenei]] * [[Accusationes de corruption durante le secunde presidantia de Trump|Accusationes de corruption contra Trump]] ** [[Accusationes de information privilegiata durante le secunde administration Trump|Accusationes de information privilegiata]] * [[Trump Sempre Se Retira|TACO e NACHO]] * [[Alliantia de Defension de Mecca]] * [[Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a in 2026]] * [[Offensivas de Yemen de 2026]] ** [[Fallimento de Mokha]] |below = * {{icon|category}} [[:Categoria:Guerra Iran de 2026|Categoria]] }} <noinclude>[[Categoria:Patronos de navigation]]</noinclude> jwfzhwy5zpu6sun9knm1fpb4af0j73t 704926 704919 2026-10-20T10:18:14Z Interlingvisto 60932 704926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Guerra de Iran de 2026 |title = [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] |state = collapsed |bodyclass = hlist |above = Parte del [[Conflicto inter Iran e Israel]] e del [[Crise de Oriente Medie (2023-presente)|Crisis del Medio Oriente]] |group1 = Vista general |list1 = child |1_group1 = General |1_list1 = * [[Schema del guerra Iran de 2026|Schema]] * [[Chronologia del guerra Iran de 2026|Chronologia]] ** [[Chronologia del guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] * [[Analyse del guerra Iran de 2026|Analyse]] * [[Lista de abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion]] * [[Victimas del guerra Iran de 2026|Victimas]] ** [[Lista de officiales iranian occidite durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Officiales iranian]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Khamenei|Ali Khamenei]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Larijani|Ali Larijani]] * [[Cessar le foco del guerra Iran de 2026|Cessar le foco]] ** [[Memorandum de Islamabad]] ** [[Colloquios de Islamabad]] ** [[Cessar le foco inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Cessar le foco Israel–Libano]] ** [[Colloquios de pace inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Colloquios de pace Israel–Libano]] * [[Ciberguerra durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ciberguerra]] * [[Disinformation durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Disinformation]] * [[Ordine de battalia del guerra Iran de 2026|Ordine de battalia]] * [[Effortios de cambio de regime durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Effortios de cambio de regime]] |1_group2 = [[Preludio al guerra Iran de 2026|Preludio]] |1_list2 = * [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] * [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Attacco aeree israelian contra le consulate iranian in Damascus]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in april 2024]] ** [[Assassination de Ismail Haniyeh]] (prime fase) ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in octobre 2024]] ** [[Attaccos israelian contra Iran in octobre 2024]] (secunde fase) * [[Guerra de Libano de 2024]] * [[Relationes Iran–Statos Unite durante le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]] ** [[Victimas del Guerra de dece-duo dies|Victimas]] ** [[Impacto economic del conflict per procura Iran–Israel#Escalada verso un guerra aperte (junio 2025)|Impacto economic]] ** [[Reactiones al Guerra de dece-duo dies|Impacto]] ** [[Lista de attaccos durante le Guerra de dece-duo dies|Lista de attaccos]] *** [[Attaccos del Statos Unite contra sitos nuclear iranian in 2025|Attaccos statounitese contra sitos nuclear iranian]] *** [[Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid in 2025|Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid]] ** [[Cessar le foco del Guerra de dece-duo dies]] * [[Protestas iranian de 2025–2026]] ** [[Massacres in Iran in 2026|Massacres]] * [[Interruption del internet in Iran in 2026|Interruption del internet in Iran]] * [[Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente in 2026|Concentration militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente]] * [[Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite]] * [[Justification del guerra Iran de 2026|Justification]] |group2 = [[Lista de attaccos durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Attaccos]] |list2 = child |2_group1 = Attaccos iranian |2_list1 = * [[Attaccos iranian contra paises arabe in 2026|Paises arabe]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Bahrain in 2026|Bahrain]] ** [[Egypto durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Egypto]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Jordan in 2026|Jordan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Kuwait in 2026|Kuwait]] *** [[Attacco con dron al porto de Shuaiba in 2026|Porto de Shuaiba]] *** [[Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan in 2026|Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Oman in 2026|Oman]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Qatar in 2026|Qatar]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Arabia Saudi in 2026|Arabia Saudi]] *** [[Attacco contra le oleoducto Est–West in 2026|Oleoducto Est–West]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra le Emiratos Arabe Unite in 2026|Emiratos Arabe Unite]] * [[Presumite attaccos iranian contra Azerbaijan in 2026|Azerbaijan]] * [[Attaccos contra Akrotiri e Dhekelia in 2026|Akrotiri e Dhekelia]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in 2026|Israel]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra le Region del Kurdistan in 2026|Region del Kurdistan]] * [[Interceptiones de missiles iranian in Turchia in 2026|Turchia]] |2_group2 = Attaccos statounitese–<br/>israelian |2_list2 = * [[Campania aeree in le Kurdistan iranian]] * [[Attacco al insula de Kharg in 2026|Attacco al insula de Kharg]] * [[Attacco al insula de Lavan in 2026|Attacco al insula de Lavan]] * [[Attacco al campo de South Pars in 2026|Attacco al campo de South Pars]] * [[Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz]] * [[Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq in 2026|Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq]] ** [[Conflict del Statos Unite contra le milicias iraquian pro-iranian in 2026|Milicias iraquian pro-iranian]] *** [[Attaccos statounitese–saudi contra le milicias iraquian|Attaccos statounitese–saudi]] * [[Operation de rescate de un F-15E del Statos Unite in Iran in 2026|Operation de rescate statounitese de un F-15E in Iran]] * [[Blocada naval del Statos Unite contra Iran in 2026|Blocada naval statounitese contra Iran]] ** [[Operation Project Freedom]] * [[Attacco al insula de Larak in 2026|Attacco al insula de Larak]] |2_group3 = [[Guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] |2_list3 = * [[Batalla de Khiam (2026)|Batalla de Khiam]] * [[Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida in 2026|Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida]] * [[Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL in Aadchit al-Qusayr in 2026|Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL de Aadchit al-Qusayr]] * [[Attaccos israelian contra Libano del 8 april 2026|Attaccos contra Libano del 8 april]] * [[Batalla de Bint Jbeil (2026)|Batalla de Bint Jbeil]] * [[Transito israelian del fluvio Litani in 2026|Transito israelian del fluvio Litani]] * [[Batalla de Haddatha]] * [[Batalla de Zawtar al-Sharqiyah]] * [[Assedio de Ali al-Taher]] |2_group4 = Contra civil |2_list4 = * [[Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab]] * [[Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd in 2026|Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd]] * [[Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa in 2026|Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa]] * [[Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj in 2026|Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj]] * [[Destruction del synagoga de Rafi'-Nia|Attacco contra le synagoga de Rafi'-Nia]] * [[Attacco con dron contra Damietta in 2026|Attacco con dron contra Damietta]] * [[Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota in 2026|Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota]] * [[Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak]] |group3 = Naves implicate<br/>([[Lista de naves attaccate durante le guerra Iran de 2026|naves attaccate]]) |list3 = * {{USS|Abraham Lincoln|CVN-72}} * {{USS|Gerald R. Ford|}} * {{USS|Charlotte|SSN-766}} * {{ship|IRIS|Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis}} * {{ship|IRIS|Alvand}} * {{ship|IRIS|Bayandor}} * {{ship|IRIS|Dena}} ** [[Affundamento del IRIS Dena|affundamento]] * {{ship|IRIS|Deylaman}} * {{ship|IRIS|Fateh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Hamzeh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Jamaran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Makran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Naghdi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sabalan}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sahand|2012|6}} * {{Ship|IRIS|Shahid Bagheri}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Mahdavi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Rais-Ali Delvari}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Soleimani}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Sayyad Shirazi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Zagros}} * Altere ** [[Mayuree Naree (2007)|''Mayuree Naree'']] ** ''[[Touska]]'' ** [[Anduril Dive-LD]] |group4 = Impacto |list4 = * [[Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz]] ** [[Sovranitate iranian super le Stricto de Hormuz|Sovranitate iranian]] ** [[Crisis del combustibile in Iran in 2026|Crisis del combustibile]] *** [[Crisis energetic in le Philippinas in 2026|Philippinas]] * [[Destruction del patrimonio cultural durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Destruction del patrimonio cultural]] * [[Impacto economic del guerra Iran de 2026|Impacto economic]] ** [[Crisis economic iranian|Crisis economic iranian]] *** [[Die del Judicio economic]] * [[Evacuationes durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Evacuationes]] * [[Impacto del guerra Iran de 2026 sur Iran|Impacto in Iran]] ** [[Consilio de direction interim]] ** [[Election del Leader Supreme de Iran in 2026|Election del Leader Supreme]] ** [[Defection del equipa national feminin de football de Iran|Defection del equipa national feminin de football]] * [[Mobilisationes regional durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Mobilisationes regional]] ** [[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]] ** [[Operation Urja Suraksha]] * [[Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump in 2026]] * [[Crisis del Stricto de Bab al-Mandab]] |group5 = [[Reactiones al guerra Iran de 2026|Reactiones]] |list5 = * [[Protestas contra le guerra Iran de 2026|Protestas contra le guerra]] ** [[Attacco contra le consulate del Statos Unite in Karachi in 2026|Attacco contra le consulate statounitese in Karachi]] ** [[Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian in 2026|Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian]] ** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in 2026|Protestas contra le combustibile]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Francia in 2026|Francia]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Irlanda in 2026|Irlanda]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Syria in 2026|Syria]] ** [[Manifestationes del Die del Labor in 2026|Manifestationes del Die del Labor]] ** [[Manifestationes No Kings de martio 2026|Manifestationes No Kings]] * [[Celebrationes del diaspora iranian post le attaccos israelian–statounitese contra Iran|Celebrationes del diaspora iranian]] * [[Antisemitismo durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Antisemitismo]] ** [[Attaccos antisemitic in London in 2026|Attaccos in London]] * [[Resolution 2817 del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite]] * [[Censura durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Censura]] |group6 = Participation<br/>per pais |list6 = * [[Argentina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Argentina]] * [[Australia e le guerra Iran de 2026|Australia]] * [[Canada e le guerra Iran de 2026|Canada]] * [[China durante le guerra Iran de 2026|China]] * [[India durante le guerra Iran de 2026|India]] * [[Iraq durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Iraq]] * [[Pakistan durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Pakistan]] * [[Romania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Romania]] * [[Russia durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Russia]] * [[Hispania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Hispania]] ** [[Crisis diplomatic inter Hispania e le Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Crisis diplomatic de 2025–2026 con le Statos Unite]] * [[Syria durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Syria]] * [[Ucraina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ucraina]] * [[Participation del Regno Unite in le guerra Iran de 2026|Regno Unite]] |group7 = Connexe |list7 = * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Relationes Hezbollah–Iran]] * [[Ordine Executive 14203|Sanctiones del CPI sub le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Sanctiones international contra Iran]] ** [[Sanctiones del Statos Unite contra Iran|Sanctiones imponite per le Statos Unite]] * [[Iran e le terrorismo sponsorizate per statos]] * [[Iran e le armas de destruction massive]] ** [[Programma de missiles balistic de Iran|Missiles balistic]] ** [[Programma nuclear de Iran|Programma nuclear]] * [[Crisis interne iranian (2025–presente)|Crisis interne iranian]] * [[Opposition iranian]] ** [[Reza Pahlavi]] ** [[Maryam Rajavi]] * [[Bases israelian in Iraq]] * [[Lobby israelian in le Statos Unite]] * [[Activitates de Mossad in Iran]] * [[Crisis del Mar Rubie]] ** [[Houthis durante le guerra Iran de 2026]] ** [[Blocada houthi de Arabia Saudi]] ** [[Supporto iranian al Houthis]] * [[Separatismo in Iran]] ** [[Separatismo arabe in Khuzestan]] ** [[Conflict iranian–kurde]] *** [[Crisis kurde–iranian de 2026|Crisis kurde–iranian]] **** [[Conflictos in le west de Iran (2026–presente)|Conflictos in le west de Iran]] ** [[Insurrection in Sistan e Balochistan]] *** [[Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan (2026–presente)|Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan]] * [[Pirateria al costa de Somalia]] * [[Funeral de stato de Ali Khamenei]] * [[Accusationes de corruption durante le secunde presidantia de Trump|Accusationes de corruption contra Trump]] ** [[Accusationes de information privilegiata durante le secunde administration Trump|Accusationes de information privilegiata]] * [[Trump Sempre Se Retira|TACO e NACHO]] * [[Alliantia de Defension de Mecca]] * [[Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a in 2026]] * [[Offensivas de Yemen de 2026]] ** [[Fallimento de Mokha]] |below = * {{icon|category}} [[:Categoria:Guerra Iran de 2026|Categoria]] }} <noinclude>[[Categoria:Patronos de navigation]]</noinclude> q14o559v2ac8nwvsku6etaawtnf0as3 704928 704926 2026-10-20T10:21:53Z Interlingvisto 60932 704928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Guerra de Iran de 2026 |title = [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] |state = collapsed |bodyclass = hlist |above = Parte del [[Conflicto inter Iran e Israel]] e del [[Crise de Oriente Medie (2023-presente)|Crisis del Medio Oriente]] |group1 = Vista general |list1 = child |1_group1 = General |1_list1 = * [[Schema del guerra Iran de 2026|Schema]] * [[Chronologia del guerra Iran de 2026|Chronologia]] ** [[Chronologia del guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] * [[Analyse del guerra Iran de 2026|Analyse]] * [[Lista de abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion]] * [[Victimas del guerra Iran de 2026|Victimas]] ** [[Lista de officiales iranian occidite durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Officiales iranian]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Khamenei|Ali Khamenei]] *** [[Assassination de Ali Larijani|Ali Larijani]] * [[Cessar le foco del guerra Iran de 2026|Cessar le foco]] ** [[Memorandum de Islamabad]] ** [[Colloquios de Islamabad]] ** [[Cessar le foco inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Cessar le foco Israel–Libano]] ** [[Colloquios de pace inter Israel e Libano in 2026|Colloquios de pace Israel–Libano]] * [[Ciberguerra durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ciberguerra]] * [[Disinformation durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Disinformation]] * [[Ordine de battalia del guerra Iran de 2026|Ordine de battalia]] * [[Effortios de cambio de regime durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Effortios de cambio de regime]] |1_group2 = [[Preludio al guerra Iran de 2026|Preludio]] |1_list2 = * [[Conflicto indirecte inter Iran e Israel]] * [[Guerra de Gaza]] * [[Conflicto Iran–Israel de 2024]] ** [[Attacco aeree israelian contra le consulate iranian in Damascus]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in april 2024]] ** [[Assassination de Ismail Haniyeh]] (prime fase) ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in octobre 2024]] ** [[Attaccos israelian contra Iran in octobre 2024]] (secunde fase) * [[Guerra de Libano de 2024]] * [[Relationes Iran–Statos Unite durante le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]] ** [[Victimas del Guerra de dece-duo dies|Victimas]] ** [[Impacto economic del conflict per procura Iran–Israel#Escalada verso un guerra aperte (junio 2025)|Impacto economic]] ** [[Reactiones al Guerra de dece-duo dies|Impacto]] ** [[Lista de attaccos durante le Guerra de dece-duo dies|Lista de attaccos]] *** [[Attaccos del Statos Unite contra sitos nuclear iranian in 2025|Attaccos statounitese contra sitos nuclear iranian]] *** [[Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid in 2025|Attaccos iranian contra le base aeree de Al Udeid]] ** [[Cessar le foco del Guerra de dece-duo dies]] * [[Protestas iranian de 2025–2026]] ** [[Massacres in Iran in 2026|Massacres]] * [[Interruption del internet in Iran in 2026|Interruption del internet in Iran]] * [[Fortification militar del Statos Unite in le Medio Oriente in 2026]] * [[Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Negotiationes Iran–Statos Unite]] * [[Justification del guerra Iran de 2026|Justification]] |group2 = [[Lista de attaccos durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Attaccos]] |list2 = child |2_group1 = Attaccos iranian |2_list1 = * [[Attaccos iranian contra paises arabe in 2026|Paises arabe]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Bahrain in 2026|Bahrain]] ** [[Egypto durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Egypto]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Jordan in 2026|Jordan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Kuwait in 2026|Kuwait]] *** [[Attacco con dron al porto de Shuaiba in 2026|Porto de Shuaiba]] *** [[Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan in 2026|Incursion sur le insula de Bubiyan]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Oman in 2026|Oman]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Qatar in 2026|Qatar]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra Arabia Saudi in 2026|Arabia Saudi]] *** [[Attacco contra le oleoducto Est–West in 2026|Oleoducto Est–West]] ** [[Attaccos iranian contra le Emiratos Arabe Unite in 2026|Emiratos Arabe Unite]] * [[Presumite attaccos iranian contra Azerbaijan in 2026|Azerbaijan]] * [[Attaccos contra Akrotiri e Dhekelia in 2026|Akrotiri e Dhekelia]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in 2026|Israel]] * [[Attaccos iranian contra le Region del Kurdistan in 2026|Region del Kurdistan]] * [[Interceptiones de missiles iranian in Turchia in 2026|Turchia]] |2_group2 = Attaccos statounitese–<br/>israelian |2_list2 = * [[Campania aeree in le Kurdistan iranian]] * [[Attacco al insula de Kharg in 2026|Attacco al insula de Kharg]] * [[Attacco al insula de Lavan in 2026|Attacco al insula de Lavan]] * [[Attacco al campo de South Pars in 2026|Attacco al campo de South Pars]] * [[Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Campania in le Stricto de Hormuz]] * [[Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq in 2026|Attaccos statounitese–israelian contra Iraq]] ** [[Conflict del Statos Unite contra le milicias iraquian pro-iranian in 2026|Milicias iraquian pro-iranian]] *** [[Attaccos statounitese–saudi contra le milicias iraquian|Attaccos statounitese–saudi]] * [[Operation de rescate de un F-15E del Statos Unite in Iran in 2026|Operation de rescate statounitese de un F-15E in Iran]] * [[Blocada naval del Statos Unite contra Iran in 2026|Blocada naval statounitese contra Iran]] ** [[Operation Project Freedom]] * [[Attacco al insula de Larak in 2026|Attacco al insula de Larak]] |2_group3 = [[Guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano]] |2_list3 = * [[Batalla de Khiam (2026)|Batalla de Khiam]] * [[Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida in 2026|Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida]] * [[Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL in Aadchit al-Qusayr in 2026|Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL de Aadchit al-Qusayr]] * [[Attaccos israelian contra Libano del 8 april 2026|Attaccos contra Libano del 8 april]] * [[Batalla de Bint Jbeil (2026)|Batalla de Bint Jbeil]] * [[Transito israelian del fluvio Litani in 2026|Transito israelian del fluvio Litani]] * [[Batalla de Haddatha]] * [[Batalla de Zawtar al-Sharqiyah]] * [[Assedio de Ali al-Taher]] |2_group4 = Contra civil |2_list4 = * [[Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le schola de Minab]] * [[Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd in 2026|Attacco contra le sala de sport de Lamerd]] * [[Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa in 2026|Attacco contra le salon de belletate de Beit Awwa]] * [[Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj in 2026|Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj]] * [[Destruction del synagoga de Rafi'-Nia|Attacco contra le synagoga de Rafi'-Nia]] * [[Attacco con dron contra Damietta in 2026|Attacco con dron contra Damietta]] * [[Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota in 2026|Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota]] * [[Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak in 2026|Attacco aeree contra le nuptias de Kuhestak]] |group3 = Naves implicate<br/>([[Lista de naves attaccate durante le guerra Iran de 2026|naves attaccate]]) |list3 = * {{USS|Abraham Lincoln|CVN-72}} * {{USS|Gerald R. Ford|}} * {{USS|Charlotte|SSN-766}} * {{ship|IRIS|Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis}} * {{ship|IRIS|Alvand}} * {{ship|IRIS|Bayandor}} * {{ship|IRIS|Dena}} ** [[Affundamento del IRIS Dena|affundamento]] * {{ship|IRIS|Deylaman}} * {{ship|IRIS|Fateh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Hamzeh}} * {{ship|IRIS|Jamaran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Makran}} * {{ship|IRIS|Naghdi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sabalan}} * {{ship|IRIS|Sahand|2012|6}} * {{Ship|IRIS|Shahid Bagheri}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Mahdavi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Rais-Ali Delvari}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Soleimani}} * {{ship|IRIS|Shahid Sayyad Shirazi}} * {{ship|IRIS|Zagros}} * Altere ** [[Mayuree Naree (2007)|''Mayuree Naree'']] ** ''[[Touska]]'' ** [[Anduril Dive-LD]] |group4 = Impacto |list4 = * [[Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz]] ** [[Sovranitate iranian super le Stricto de Hormuz|Sovranitate iranian]] ** [[Crisis del combustibile in Iran in 2026|Crisis del combustibile]] *** [[Crisis energetic in le Philippinas in 2026|Philippinas]] * [[Destruction del patrimonio cultural durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Destruction del patrimonio cultural]] * [[Impacto economic del guerra Iran de 2026|Impacto economic]] ** [[Crisis economic iranian|Crisis economic iranian]] *** [[Die del Judicio economic]] * [[Evacuationes durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Evacuationes]] * [[Impacto del guerra Iran de 2026 sur Iran|Impacto in Iran]] ** [[Consilio de direction interim]] ** [[Election del Leader Supreme de Iran in 2026|Election del Leader Supreme]] ** [[Defection del equipa national feminin de football de Iran|Defection del equipa national feminin de football]] * [[Mobilisationes regional durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Mobilisationes regional]] ** [[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]] ** [[Operation Urja Suraksha]] * [[Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump in 2026]] * [[Crisis del Stricto de Bab al-Mandab]] |group5 = [[Reactiones al guerra Iran de 2026|Reactiones]] |list5 = * [[Protestas contra le guerra Iran de 2026|Protestas contra le guerra]] ** [[Attacco contra le consulate del Statos Unite in Karachi in 2026|Attacco contra le consulate statounitese in Karachi]] ** [[Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian in 2026|Manifestationes pro-gubernamental iranian]] ** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in 2026|Protestas contra le combustibile]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Francia in 2026|Francia]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Irlanda in 2026|Irlanda]] *** [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Syria in 2026|Syria]] ** [[Manifestationes del Die del Labor in 2026|Manifestationes del Die del Labor]] ** [[Manifestationes No Kings de martio 2026|Manifestationes No Kings]] * [[Celebrationes del diaspora iranian post le attaccos israelian–statounitese contra Iran|Celebrationes del diaspora iranian]] * [[Antisemitismo durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Antisemitismo]] ** [[Attaccos antisemitic in London in 2026|Attaccos in London]] * [[Resolution 2817 del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite]] * [[Censura durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Censura]] |group6 = Participation<br/>per pais |list6 = * [[Argentina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Argentina]] * [[Australia e le guerra Iran de 2026|Australia]] * [[Canada e le guerra Iran de 2026|Canada]] * [[China durante le guerra Iran de 2026|China]] * [[India durante le guerra Iran de 2026|India]] * [[Iraq durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Iraq]] * [[Pakistan durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Pakistan]] * [[Romania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Romania]] * [[Russia durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Russia]] * [[Hispania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Hispania]] ** [[Crisis diplomatic inter Hispania e le Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Crisis diplomatic de 2025–2026 con le Statos Unite]] * [[Syria durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Syria]] * [[Ucraina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ucraina]] * [[Participation del Regno Unite in le guerra Iran de 2026|Regno Unite]] |group7 = Connexe |list7 = * [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]] * [[Relationes Hezbollah–Iran]] * [[Ordine Executive 14203|Sanctiones del CPI sub le secunde administration Trump]] * [[Sanctiones international contra Iran]] ** [[Sanctiones del Statos Unite contra Iran|Sanctiones imponite per le Statos Unite]] * [[Iran e le terrorismo sponsorizate per statos]] * [[Iran e le armas de destruction massive]] ** [[Programma de missiles balistic de Iran|Missiles balistic]] ** [[Programma nuclear de Iran|Programma nuclear]] * [[Crisis interne iranian (2025–presente)|Crisis interne iranian]] * [[Opposition iranian]] ** [[Reza Pahlavi]] ** [[Maryam Rajavi]] * [[Bases israelian in Iraq]] * [[Lobby israelian in le Statos Unite]] * [[Activitates de Mossad in Iran]] * [[Crisis del Mar Rubie]] ** [[Houthis durante le guerra Iran de 2026]] ** [[Blocada houthi de Arabia Saudi]] ** [[Supporto iranian al Houthis]] * [[Separatismo in Iran]] ** [[Separatismo arabe in Khuzestan]] ** [[Conflict iranian–kurde]] *** [[Crisis kurde–iranian de 2026|Crisis kurde–iranian]] **** [[Conflictos in le west de Iran (2026–presente)|Conflictos in le west de Iran]] ** [[Insurrection in Sistan e Balochistan]] *** [[Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan (2026–presente)|Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan]] * [[Pirateria al costa de Somalia]] * [[Funeral de stato de Ali Khamenei]] * [[Accusationes de corruption durante le secunde presidantia de Trump|Accusationes de corruption contra Trump]] ** [[Accusationes de information privilegiata durante le secunde administration Trump|Accusationes de information privilegiata]] * [[Trump Sempre Se Retira|TACO e NACHO]] * [[Alliantia de Defension de Mecca]] * [[Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a in 2026]] * [[Offensivas de Yemen de 2026]] ** [[Fallimento de Mokha]] |below = * {{icon|category}} [[:Categoria:Guerra Iran de 2026|Categoria]] }} <noinclude>[[Categoria:Patronos de navigation]]</noinclude> 2afrerq27krqfdnag5w2z58auxydtkx 10 62381 704899 2026-10-20T08:46:25Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “{{Navbox |name = Cassa de campania del guerra de Iran de 2026 |state = collapsed |title = [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] |listclass = hlist |group1 = Vista general |list1 = [[Schema del guerra Iran de 2026|Schema]]{{·}} [[Chronologia del guerra Iran de 2026|Chronologia]]{{·}} [[Analyse del guerra Iran de 2026|Analyse]]{{·}} [[Justification del guerra Iran de 2026|Justification]]{{·}} [[Reactiones al guerra Iran de 2026|Reactiones]]{{·}} Effortios de cambio de re...” 704899 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Cassa de campania del guerra de Iran de 2026 |state = collapsed |title = [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] |listclass = hlist |group1 = Vista general |list1 = [[Schema del guerra Iran de 2026|Schema]]{{·}} [[Chronologia del guerra Iran de 2026|Chronologia]]{{·}} [[Analyse del guerra Iran de 2026|Analyse]]{{·}} [[Justification del guerra Iran de 2026|Justification]]{{·}} [[Reactiones al guerra Iran de 2026|Reactiones]]{{·}} [[Effortios de cambio de regime durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Effortios de cambio de regime]]{{·}} [[Victimas del guerra Iran de 2026|Victimas]]{{·}} [[Ordine de battalia del guerra Iran de 2026|Ordine de battalia]] |group2 = Preludio |list2 = [[Crisis del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)|Conflicto plus ample]]{{·}} [[Conflict Iran–Israel]]{{·}} [[Conflict Gaza–Israel]]{{·}} [[Guerra de Gaza]]{{·}} [[Conflict Hezbollah–Israel]]{{·}} [[Guerra de Libano de 2024]]{{·}} [[Conflict Iran–Israel de 2024]]{{·}} [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]]{{·}} [[Attaccos del Statos Unite contra sitos nuclear iranian in 2025|Attaccos statounitese contra sitos nuclear iranian]]{{·}} [[Relationes Iran–Statos Unite|Conflict Iran–Statos Unite]]{{·}} [[Sanctiones del Statos Unite contra Iran]]{{·}} [[Iran e le terrorismo sponsorizate per statos]]{{·}} [[Iran e le armas de destruction massive]]{{·}} [[Programma nuclear de Iran]]{{·}} [[Programma de missiles balistic de Iran|Programma de missiles de Iran]]{{·}} [[Guerra per procura Iran–Arabia Saudi|Conflict Iran–Arabia Saudi]]{{·}} [[Crisis interne iranian (2025–presente)|Crisis interne iranian]]{{·}} [[Protestas iranian de 2025–2026|Protestas iranian]]{{·}} [[Separatismo in Iran]]{{·}} [[Crisis economic iranian]] |group3 = Attaccos |list3 = '''Attaccos statounitese-israelian''': [[Attacco al schola de Minab in 2026|Minab]]{{·}} [[Attacco al sala de sport de Lamerd in 2026|Lamerd]]{{·}} [[Campania aeree in le Kurdistan iranian|Kurdistan iranian]]{{·}} [[Insula de Qeshm#Guerra Iran de 2026|Insula de Qeshm]]{{·}} [[Attacco al insula de Kharg in 2026|Insula de Kharg]]{{·}} [[Attacco al campo de South Pars in 2026|South Pars]]{{·}} [[Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj in 2026|Karaj]]{{·}} [[Attacco al insula de Larak in 2026|Insula de Larak]]{{·}} [[Attacco aeree al nuptias de Kuhestak in 2026|Kuhestak]] '''Attaccos statounitese-saudi''': [[Attaccos statounitese-saudi contra le milicias iraquian|Iraq]] '''Attaccos emiratin''': [[Attacco al insula de Lavan in 2026|Insula de Lavan]] '''Attaccos iranian e de alliatos''': [[Attaccos contra Akrotiri e Dhekelia in 2026|Akrotiri e Dhekelia]]{{·}} [[Attaccos iranian contra paises arabe in 2026|Paises arabe]]{{·}} [[Bahrain durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Bahrain]]{{·}} [[Attacco con dron contra Damietta in 2026|Egypto]]{{·}} [[Iraq durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Iraq]]{{·}} [[Attaccos iranian contra Jordan in 2026|Jordan]]{{·}} [[Kuwait durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Kuwait]]{{·}} [[Attaccos iranian contra Oman in 2026|Oman]]{{·}} [[Attaccos iranian contra Qatar in 2026|Qatar]]{{·}} [[Arabia Saudi durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Arabia Saudi]]{{·}} [[Syria durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Syria]]{{·}} [[Emiratos Arabe Unite durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Emiratos Arabe Unite]]{{·}} [[Attacco iranian contra Azerbaijan in 2026|Azerbaijan]]{{·}} [[Attacco iranian contra Diego Garcia in 2026|Diego Garcia]]{{·}} [[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in 2026|Israel]]{{·}} [[Interceptiones de missiles iranian in Turchia in 2026|Turchia]] |group4 = Guerra de Libano |list4 = [[Guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano de 2026]]{{·}} [[Occision de Pierre el-Rahi]]{{·}} [[Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida in 2026|Ramlet al-Baida]]{{·}} [[Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL in Aadchit al-Qusayr in 2026|Posto de UNIFIL de Aadchit al-Qusayr]]{{·}} [[Attaccos israelian contra Libano del 8 april 2026|8 april 2026]]{{·}} [[Batalla de Khiam (2026)|Batalla de Khiam]]{{·}} [[Batalla de Bint Jbeil (2026)|Batalla de Bint Jbeil]]{{·}} [[Transito israelian del fluvio Litani in 2026|Transito del fluvio Litani]]{{·}} [[Batalla de Haddatha]]{{·}} [[Batalla de Zawtar al-Sharqiyah]]{{·}} [[Assedio de Ali al-Taher]] |group5 = Guerra de Yemen |list5 = [[Offensive de Yemen de 2026|Offensive de Yemen de 2026]]{{·}} [[Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a in 2026|Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a]]{{·}} [[Attaccos houthi contra aeroportos saudi in octobre 2026|Attaccos houthi contra aeroportos saudi]]{{·}} [[Crisis del Mar Rubie]]{{·}} [[Attaccos houthi contra naves commercial|Attaccos contra naves commercial]]{{·}} [[Blocada houthi de Arabia Saudi|Blocada de Arabia Saudi]]{{·}} [[Crisis del Stricto de Bab al-Mandab]] |group6 = Guerra naval |list6 = [[Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026|Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz]]{{·}} [[Sovranitate iranian super le Stricto de Hormuz|Sovranitate iranian]]{{·}} [[Campania del Statos Unite in le Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Campania aeree statounitese]]{{·}} [[Blocada naval del Statos Unite contra Iran in 2026|Blocada naval contra Iran]]{{·}} [[Operation Project Freedom]]{{·}} [[Lista de naves attaccate durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Naves attaccate]]{{·}} [[Affundamento del IRIS Dena|Affundamento del IRIS ''Dena'']] |group7 = Guerra aeree |list7 = [[Lista de abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion]]{{·}} [[Operation de rescate de un F-15E del Statos Unite in Iran in 2026|Operation de rescate del F-15E]] |group8 = Impacto |list8 = [[Antisemitismo durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Antisemitismo]]{{·}} [[Attaccos antisemitic in London in 2026|Attaccos in London]]{{·}} [[Destruction del patrimonio cultural durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Destruction del patrimonio cultural]]{{·}} [[Impacto economic del guerra Iran de 2026|Impacto economic]]{{·}} [[Crisis del combustibile in Iran in 2026|Crisis del combustibile]]{{·}} [[Crisis energetic in le Philippinas in 2026|Philippinas]]{{·}} [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Irlanda in 2026|Irlanda]]{{·}} [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Francia in 2026|Francia]]{{·}} [[Protestas contra le combustibile in Syria in 2026|Syria]]{{·}} [[Protestas contra le guerra Iran de 2026|Protestas contra le guerra]]{{·}} [[Evacuationes durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Evacuationes]]{{·}} [[Impacto del guerra Iran de 2026 sur Iran|Impacto in Iran]]{{·}} [[Conflictos in le west de Iran (2026–presente)|Conflictos in le west de Iran]]{{·}} [[Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan (2026–presente)|Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan]]{{·}} [[Separatismo arabe in Khuzestan#2026|Conflictos in Khuzestan]] |group9 = Participation per pais |list9 = [[Mobilisationes regional durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Mobilisationes regional]]{{·}} [[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]]{{·}} [[Operation Urja Suraksha]]{{·}} [[Argentina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Argentina]]{{·}} [[Australia e le guerra Iran de 2026|Australia]]{{·}} [[Canada e le guerra Iran de 2026|Canada]]{{·}} [[China durante le guerra Iran de 2026|China]]{{·}} [[India durante le guerra Iran de 2026|India]]{{·}} [[Pakistan durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Pakistan]]{{·}} [[Romania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Romania]]{{·}} [[Russia durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Russia]]{{·}} [[Hispania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Hispania]]{{·}} [[Crisis diplomatic inter Hispania e le Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Crisis diplomatic]]{{·}} [[Ucraina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ucraina]]{{·}} [[Participation del Regno Unite in le guerra Iran de 2026|Regno Unite]] |group10 = Altere |list10 = [[Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump in 2026|Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump]]{{·}} [[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]]{{·}} [[Ciberguerra durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ciberguerra]]{{·}} [[Guerra per medio de intelligentia artificial#Guerra Iran de 2026|Guerra con intelligentia artificial]]{{·}} [[Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota in 2026|Ciberattaccos in Minnesota]]{{·}} [[Disinformation durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Disinformation]]{{·}} [[Censura durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Censura]]{{·}} [[Strategia de defension a mosaico]]{{·}} [[Bases israelian in Iraq]]{{·}} [[Lobby israelian in le Statos Unite]]{{·}} [[Profito de guerra#Guerra Iran de 2026|Profito de guerra]]{{·}} [[Accusationes de corruption durante le secunde presidantia de Trump|Accusationes de corruption contra Trump]]{{·}} [[Accusationes de information privilegiata durante le secunde administration Trump|Accusationes de information privilegiata]]{{·}} [[Trump Sempre Se Retira|TACO e NACHO]]{{·}} [[Activitates de Mossad in Iran]]{{·}} [[Resolution 2817 del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite|Resolution 2817 del CSNU]]{{·}} [[Defection del equipa national feminin de football de Iran]]{{·}} [[Pirateria al costa de Somalia]] }} <noinclude>[[Categoria:Patronos de navigation]]</noinclude> rtzp568fpfl4fxd204kesq633bsrvug 704903 704899 2026-10-20T08:55:25Z Interlingvisto 60932 704903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = Cassa de campania del guerra de Iran de 2026 |state = collapsed |title = [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] |listclass = hlist |group1 = Vista general |list1 = [[Schema del guerra Iran de 2026|Schema]]{{·}}[[Chronologia del guerra Iran de 2026|Chronologia]]{{·}}[[Analyse del guerra Iran de 2026|Analyse]]{{·}}[[Justification del guerra Iran de 2026|Justification]]{{·}}[[Reactiones al guerra Iran de 2026|Reactiones]]{{·}}[[Effortios de cambio de regime durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Effortios de cambio de regime]]{{·}}[[Victimas del guerra Iran de 2026|Victimas]]{{·}}[[Ordine de battalia del guerra Iran de 2026|Ordine de battalia]] |group2 = Preludio |list2 = [[Crisis del Medio Oriente (2023–presente)|Conflicto plus ample]]{{·}}[[Conflict Iran–Israel]]{{·}}[[Conflict Gaza–Israel]]{{·}}[[Guerra de Gaza]]{{·}}[[Conflict Hezbollah–Israel]]{{·}}[[Guerra de Libano de 2024]]{{·}}[[Conflict Iran–Israel de 2024]]{{·}}[[Guerra de dece-duo dies]]{{·}}[[Attaccos del Statos Unite contra sitos nuclear iranian in 2025|Attaccos statounitese contra sitos nuclear iranian]]{{·}}[[Relationes Iran–Statos Unite|Conflict Iran–Statos Unite]]{{·}}[[Sanctiones del Statos Unite contra Iran]]{{·}}[[Iran e le terrorismo sponsorizate per statos]]{{·}}[[Iran e le armas de destruction massive]]{{·}}[[Programma nuclear de Iran]]{{·}}[[Programma de missiles balistic de Iran|Programma de missiles de Iran]]{{·}}[[Guerra per procura Iran–Arabia Saudi|Conflict Iran–Arabia Saudi]]{{·}}[[Crisis interne iranian (2025–presente)|Crisis interne iranian]]{{·}}[[Protestas iranian de 2025–2026|Protestas iranian]]{{·}}[[Separatismo in Iran]]{{·}}[[Crisis economic iranian]] |group3 = Attaccos |list3 = '''Attaccos statounitese-israelian''': [[Attacco al schola de Minab in 2026|Minab]]{{·}}[[Attacco al sala de sport de Lamerd in 2026|Lamerd]]{{·}}[[Campania aeree in le Kurdistan iranian|Kurdistan iranian]]{{·}}[[Insula de Qeshm#Guerra Iran de 2026|Insula de Qeshm]]{{·}}[[Attacco al insula de Kharg in 2026|Insula de Kharg]]{{·}}[[Attacco al campo de South Pars in 2026|South Pars]]{{·}}[[Attacco al ponte B1 de Karaj in 2026|Karaj]]{{·}}[[Attacco al insula de Larak in 2026|Insula de Larak]]{{·}}[[Attacco aeree al nuptias de Kuhestak in 2026|Kuhestak]] '''Attaccos statounitese-saudi''': [[Attaccos statounitese-saudi contra le milicias iraquian|Iraq]] '''Attaccos emiratin''': [[Attacco al insula de Lavan in 2026|Insula de Lavan]] '''Attaccos iranian e de alliatos''': [[Attaccos contra Akrotiri e Dhekelia in 2026|Akrotiri e Dhekelia]]{{·}}[[Attaccos iranian contra paises arabe in 2026|Paises arabe]]{{·}}[[Bahrain durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Bahrain]]{{·}}[[Attacco con dron contra Damietta in 2026|Egypto]]{{·}}[[Iraq durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Iraq]]{{·}}[[Attaccos iranian contra Jordan in 2026|Jordan]]{{·}}[[Kuwait durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Kuwait]]{{·}}[[Attaccos iranian contra Oman in 2026|Oman]]{{·}}[[Attaccos iranian contra Qatar in 2026|Qatar]]{{·}}[[Arabia Saudi durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Arabia Saudi]]{{·}}[[Syria durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Syria]]{{·}}[[Emiratos Arabe Unite durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Emiratos Arabe Unite]]{{·}}[[Attacco iranian contra Azerbaijan in 2026|Azerbaijan]]{{·}}[[Attacco iranian contra Diego Garcia in 2026|Diego Garcia]]{{·}}[[Attaccos iranian contra Israel in 2026|Israel]]{{·}}[[Interceptiones de missiles iranian in Turchia in 2026|Turchia]] |group4 = Guerra de Libano |list4 = [[Guerra de Libano de 2026|Guerra de Libano de 2026]]{{·}}[[Occision de Pierre el-Rahi]]{{·}}[[Attacco aeree contra Ramlet al-Baida in 2026|Ramlet al-Baida]]{{·}}[[Attacco contra le posto de UNIFIL in Aadchit al-Qusayr in 2026|Posto de UNIFIL de Aadchit al-Qusayr]]{{·}}[[Attaccos israelian contra Libano del 8 april 2026|8 april 2026]]{{·}}[[Batalla de Khiam (2026)|Batalla de Khiam]]{{·}}[[Batalla de Bint Jbeil (2026)|Batalla de Bint Jbeil]]{{·}}[[Transito israelian del fluvio Litani in 2026|Transito del fluvio Litani]]{{·}}[[Batalla de Haddatha]]{{·}}[[Batalla de Zawtar al-Sharqiyah]]{{·}}[[Assedio de Ali al-Taher]] |group5 = Guerra de Yemen |list5 = [[Offensive de Yemen de 2026|Offensive de Yemen de 2026]]{{·}} [[Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a in 2026|Attacco al aeroporto de Sana'a]]{{·}} [[Attaccos houthi contra aeroportos saudi in octobre 2026|Attaccos houthi contra aeroportos saudi]]{{·}} [[Crisis del Mar Rubie]]{{·}} [[Attaccos houthi contra naves commercial|Attaccos contra naves commercial]]{{·}} [[Blocada houthi de Arabia Saudi|Blocada de Arabia Saudi]]{{·}} [[Crisis del Stricto de Bab al-Mandab]] |group6 = Guerra naval |list6 = [[Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz de 2026|Crisis del Stricto de Hormuz]]{{·}} [[Sovranitate iranian super le Stricto de Hormuz|Sovranitate iranian]]{{·}} [[Campania del Statos Unite in le Stricto de Hormuz in 2026|Campania aeree statounitese]]{{·}} [[Blocada naval del Statos Unite contra Iran in 2026|Blocada naval contra Iran]]{{·}} [[Operation Project Freedom]]{{·}} [[Lista de naves attaccate durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Naves attaccate]]{{·}} [[Affundamento del IRIS Dena|Affundamento del IRIS ''Dena'']] |group7 = Guerra aeree |list7 = [[Lista de abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Abbattimentos de aeronaves e accidentes de aviacion]]{{·}} [[Operation de rescate de un F-15E del Statos Unite in Iran in 2026|Operation de rescate del F-15E]] |group8 = Impacto |list8 = [[Antisemitismo durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Antisemitismo]]{{·}}[[Attaccos antisemitic in London in 2026|Attaccos in London]]{{·}}[[Destruction del patrimonio cultural durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Destruction del patrimonio cultural]]{{·}}[[Impacto economic del guerra Iran de 2026|Impacto economic]]{{·}}[[Crisis del combustibile in Iran in 2026|Crisis del combustibile]]{{·}}[[Crisis energetic in le Philippinas in 2026|Philippinas]]{{·}}[[Protestas contra le combustibile in Irlanda in 2026|Irlanda]]{{·}}[[Protestas contra le combustibile in Francia in 2026|Francia]]{{·}}[[Protestas contra le combustibile in Syria in 2026|Syria]]{{·}}[[Protestas contra le guerra Iran de 2026|Protestas contra le guerra]]{{·}}[[Evacuationes durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Evacuationes]]{{·}}[[Impacto del guerra Iran de 2026 sur Iran|Impacto in Iran]]{{·}}[[Conflictos in le west de Iran (2026–presente)|Conflictos in le west de Iran]]{{·}}[[Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan (2026–presente)|Conflictos in Sistan e Balochistan]]{{·}}[[Separatismo arabe in Khuzestan#2026|Conflictos in Khuzestan]] |group9 = Participation per pais |list9 = [[Mobilisationes regional durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Mobilisationes regional]]{{·}}[[Operation Muhafiz-ul-Bahr]]{{·}}[[Operation Urja Suraksha]]{{·}}[[Argentina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Argentina]]{{·}}[[Australia e le guerra Iran de 2026|Australia]]{{·}}[[Canada e le guerra Iran de 2026|Canada]]{{·}}[[China durante le guerra Iran de 2026|China]]{{·}}[[India durante le guerra Iran de 2026|India]]{{·}}[[Pakistan durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Pakistan]]{{·}}[[Romania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Romania]]{{·}}[[Russia durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Russia]]{{·}}[[Espania durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Espania]]{{·}}[[Crisis diplomatic inter Hispania e le Statos Unite de 2025–2026|Crisis diplomatic]]{{·}}[[Ukraina durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ukraina]]{{·}}[[Participation del Regno Unite in le guerra Iran de 2026|Regno Unite]] |group10 = Altere |list10 = [[Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump in 2026|Presumite complotto iranian pro assassinar Donald Trump]]{{·}}[[Expansionismo american sub Donald Trump]]{{·}}[[Ciberguerra durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Ciberguerra]]{{·}}[[Guerra per medio de intelligentia artificial#Guerra Iran de 2026|Guerra con intelligentia artificial]]{{·}}[[Ciberattacco contra le systema de aqua de Minnesota in 2026|Ciberattaccos in Minnesota]]{{·}}[[Disinformation durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Disinformation]]{{·}}[[Censura durante le guerra Iran de 2026|Censura]]{{·}}[[Strategia de defension a mosaico]]{{·}}[[Bases israelian in Iraq]]{{·}}[[Lobby israelian in le Statos Unite]]{{·}}[[Profito de guerra#Guerra Iran de 2026|Profito de guerra]]{{·}}[[Accusationes de corruption durante le secunde presidantia de Trump|Accusationes de corruption contra Trump]]{{·}}[[Accusationes de information privilegiata durante le secunde administration Trump|Accusationes de information privilegiata]]{{·}}[[Trump Sempre Se Retira|TACO e NACHO]]{{·}}[[Activitates de Mossad in Iran]]{{·}}[[Resolution 2817 del Consilio de Securitate del Nationes Unite|Resolution 2817 del CSNU]]{{·}}[[Defection del equipa national feminin de football de Iran]]{{·}}[[Pirateria al costa de Somalia]] }} <noinclude>[[Categoria:Patronos de navigation]]</noinclude> 1mcjy0z1542oa0yp4c5391ame60x9bn 0 62382 704905 2026-10-20T09:06:28Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “{{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''conflicto inter Iran e Israel''' es un confrontation geopolitical e militar que oppone le [[Republica Islamic de Iran]] e le [[Stato de Israel]]. Le conflicto ha evolvite desde un rivalitate politic e strategic, initiate post le Revolution Iranian de 1979, a un serie de confrontationes indirecte e, desde 2024, a attaccos directemente inter le duo paises. Le confrontation involve etiam altere actores regional, in particular gruppos a...” 704905 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''conflicto inter Iran e Israel''' es un confrontation geopolitical e militar que oppone le [[Republica Islamic de Iran]] e le [[Stato de Israel]]. Le conflicto ha evolvite desde un rivalitate politic e strategic, initiate post le Revolution Iranian de 1979, a un serie de confrontationes indirecte e, desde 2024, a attaccos directemente inter le duo paises. Le confrontation involve etiam altere actores regional, in particular gruppos armate supportate per Iran, e ha devenite un del principal fontes de instabilitate in le [[Medio Oriente]]. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004081.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le principal temas del confrontation include le programma nuclear iranian, le disveloppamento de missiles balistic, le securitate de Israel, le influentia regional de Iran e le supporto iranian a organisationes armate como [[Hezbollah]] e [[Hamas]]. Le conflictos in [[Syria]], [[Libano]], [[Irak]] e le [[Yemen]] ha contribuite a extender le rivalitate ultra le frontieras del duo paises. In 2024, le confrontation passava a attaccos directe de grande scala contra le territorio del altere parte. In junio 2025, Israel initiava un offensive contra Iran, cognoscite como le [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]], a que le Statos Unite se jungeva con attaccos contra installationes nuclear iranian. In februario 2026, le confrontation escalava de novo con operationes militar conjuncte del Statos Unite e Israel contra Iran e contrattaccos iranian contra Israel e bases statounitese in le region. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/a7b0cdaba28b5817467ccf712d214579 |titulo=US inserts itself into Israel's war with Iran, striking 3 Iranian nuclear sites |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Antecedentes == === Relationes ante 1979 === Ante le Revolution Iranian de 1979, Iran sub le regno del [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] manteneva relationes de cooperation con Israel. Le duo paises habeva interesses strategic commun in certe aspectos del securitate regional e del relationes con le Statos Unite. Le Revolution Iranian transformava iste relation. Le nove regime, conducite per [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], adoptava un position officialmente hostil a Israel e rompeva le relationes diplomatic formal. Le opposition a Israel deveniva un elemento importante del ideologia e del politica exterior del Republica Islamic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/us-relations-iran |titulo=U.S. Relations With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Le programma nuclear iranian === Le programma nuclear de Iran deveniva un del principal fontes de tension con Israel e le Statos Unite. Iran mantene que su activitates nuclear ha finalitates pacific e defende su derecto a disveloppar technologia nuclear sub le normas international. Israel considera le possibilitate que Iran obtene armas nuclear como un menacia a su securitate e ha demandate mesuras pro impedir un tal disveloppamento. Le disaccordo include le nivello de arricchiamento del uranium, le inspectiones international, le sanctiones economic e le conditiones de un accordo nuclear. Le accordo de 2015, cognoscite como le [[Plan Commun e Global de Action]] (JCPOA), limitava certe activitates nuclear iranian in cambio de alleviation de sanctiones. Le retiro del Statos Unite del accordo in 2018 e le successive deterioration del relationes complicava le effortios diplomatic. === Le rete regional de Iran === Iran ha disveloppate relationes con gruppos armate e actores non estatal in diverse partes del Medio Oriente. Inter illos se trova Hezbollah in Libano e le Houthis in Yemen, assi como gruppos armate in Irak e Syria. Iran presenta iste relationes como parte de su politica de cooperation e defensa regional; Israel considera alcun de iste gruppos como menacias directemente ligate al securitate israelian. Le supporto iranian a iste actores permitteva que le confrontation con Israel se manifestava etiam per attaccos indirecte, operationes clandestin e actiones de gruppos armate que non es formalmente parte del fortias armate iranian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Confrontation indirecte == Durante plure decennios, le rivalitate se manifestava principalmente per operationes clandestin, cyberattaccos, attaccos contra interesses associate al altere parte e actiones de actores regional. Israel ha realisate attaccos contra objectivos ligate a Iran in Syria, includente installationes e personal militar. Iran, de su parte, ha supportate gruppos armate que ha combattite Israel e ha participate in operationes regional contra interesses israelian e statounitese. Le confrontation includeva etiam allegationes de sabotages contra infrastructuras, attaccos contra naves e operationes contra installationes associate al programma nuclear iranian. In plure casos, le responsabilitate esseva negate o non confirmate publicamente per le actores accusate. == Escalation de 2023–2024 == Le guerra initiate post le attacco de [[Hamas]] contra Israel le 7 de octobre 2023 e le subsequent offensive israelian in Gaza intensificava le confrontation regional. Hezbollah initiava attaccos contra Israel ab le frontiera libanese, durante que le Houthis e altere gruppos armate executava operationes contra objectivos associate a Israel o al Statos Unite. Le escalation includeva attaccos contra fortias statounitese in Irak e Syria e operationes statounitese contra installationes de gruppos associate a Iran. Le confrontation regional augmentava le risco que le rivalitate inter Israel e Iran deveniva un guerra directa. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Attaccos directe in 2024 == In april 2024, post un attacco israelian contra un edificio consular iranian in [[Damascus]], Syria, Iran lanceva un grande attacco con drones e missiles contra Israel. Illo esseva le prime attacco directe de iste dimension de Iran contra le territorio israelian. Israel respondeva le 19 de april con un attacco contra un objectivo in Iran, secundo reportos de fontes familiar con le operation. Le confrontation demonstra que le duo paises esseva disposti a usar directemente lor capacitate militar, ben que le partes tentava limitar le extension del escalation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004081.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In octobre 2024, Iran lanceva un nove barrage de missiles contra Israel, presentate per Teheran como responsa al occision de altos dirigentes de Hezbollah e Hamas. Israel respondeva plus tarde in le mesme mense con attaccos contra installationes militar iranian, includente objectivos ligate al defensa aeree e al production de missiles. Iste echambios de attaccos marcava un nove phase del conflicto, con le uso public e directe de missiles e drones contra le territorio del altere parte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004619.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Guerra de dece-duo dies de 2025 == Le 13 de junio 2025, Israel initiava un offensive de grande scala contra Iran. Le operationes includeva attaccos contra installationes nuclear, infrastructuras militar, fabricas de missiles e altos dirigentes del fortias armate iranian. Israel declarava que le objectivo esseva impedir que Iran obteneva armas nuclear e reduzir su capacitate de attacco. Iran respondeva con undas de missiles balistic e drones contra Israel. Le echambios causava mortes e lesiones in ambe paises e danneggiava infrastructuras civil e militar. Le guerra se extendeva durante dece-duo dies, con un intense serie de attaccos e effortios diplomatic pro detener le combattes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/8adbedb3427a76be7dbde4a18a05f75f |titulo=A week into war, Israel and Iran trade fire as Europe's diplomatic effort yields no breakthrough |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 21 de junio, le Statos Unite interveniva directemente con attaccos contra le installationes nuclear de [[Fordow]], [[Natanz]] e [[Isfahan]]. Le operationes statounitese includeva bombarderos B-2 e armas destinate a attinger installationes subterranee. Le administration statounitese declarava que le attaccos habeva gravemente damnate le programma nuclear iranian; le extension exacte e le duration del damnos esseva objecto de evaluationes technic e de discussiones public. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/a7b0cdaba28b5817467ccf712d214579 |titulo=US inserts itself into Israel's war with Iran, striking 3 Iranian nuclear sites |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Iran respondeva con un attacco contra le base aeree de [[Al Udeid]] in Qatar. Le 23 de junio, le Statos Unite annunciava un cessation del hostilitates, e le partes cessava le grande operationes de attacco directe. Le pausa non resolveva le disaccordos concernente le programma nuclear, le sanctiones e le securitate regional. == Guerra de Iran de 2026 == Le 28 de februario 2026, le Statos Unite e Israel lanceva operationes militar conjuncte contra Iran, post le deterioration del negotiationes concernente le programma nuclear e le capacitate de missiles. Le attaccos colpiva installationes militar e objectivos ligate al direction del Republica Islamic. Le Guida Supreme iranian [[Ali Khamenei]] esseva occidite durante le operationes initial, insimul con altere altos dirigentes. Iran respondeva con missiles e drones contra Israel e bases statounitese in paises del Golfo, includente Bahrein, Kuwait, Qatar e le Emiratos Arabe Unite. Le confrontation deveniva un guerra regional con effectos super le securitate del navigation e le infrastructuras energetic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le guerra de 2026 es considerate un continuation del confrontation inter Iran e Israel, ma involve etiam directemente le Statos Unite e altere paises regional. Le objectivos public del Statos Unite includeva le reduction del capacitate de missiles iranian, le destruction de certe capacitates naval e le prevention del acquisition de armas nuclear per Iran. Iran, de su parte, presentava su attaccos como responsas al operationes contra su territorio e su direction politic. Le combattes affectava le [[Stricto de Hormuz]], un passagio maritime essential pro le commercio mundial de petroleo e gas. Le interruption del navigation e le attaccos contra naves commercial provocava inquietude super le approvisionamento energetic e le securitate del rutas maritime. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Attaccos contra naves e securitate maritime == Le Stricto de Hormuz deveniva un del principal frontes del guerra de 2026. Iran annunciava restrictiones al passage maritime, durante que le Statos Unite imposeva un blocada naval de portos iranian. Le confrontation causava interruptiones del traffico commercial e attaccos contra naves que navigava in le area. Le incidentes includeva attaccos con drones, missiles e altere projectiles, e reportos de naves damnate o affundate. Le situation provocava interruptiones del navigation, augmento del custos de assecurantia e timores de pollution marine. Le securitate del equipages e del infrastructuras portuari deveniva un preoccupation international. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/oct/19/strait-of-hormuz-spilt-cargo-after-iran-attacks-container-ships |titulo=People scour Strait of Hormuz for spilt cargo after Iran attacks container ships |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le restriction del traffico maritime habeva consequentias economic que superava le region, perque le Stricto de Hormuz es un ruta major pro le exportation de petroleo del Golfo Persic. Le duration del interruptiones e le possibilitate de reaperir le passage deveniva temas central del negotiationes. == Dimension nuclear e diplomatic == Le programma nuclear iranian remaneva un del principal questiones del conflicto. Israel e le Statos Unite insistava super mesuras destinate a impedir que Iran obteneva armas nuclear. Iran declarava que su programma habeva finalitates pacific e demandava le levamento de sanctiones economic. Le accordo nuclear de 2015 habeva establite limites a certe activitates iranian in cambio de alleviation de sanctiones. Le retiro del Statos Unite del accordo in 2018 e le continuation del sanctiones complicava le relationes. Le negotiationes de 2025 e 2026 non duceva a un accordo que satisficeva tote le partes. Le diplomatia international includeva contactos e mediation per paises como Qatar e Pakistan. Le effortios se concentrava super le cessation del hostilitates, le conditiones del navigation in le Stricto de Hormuz, le sanctiones economic e le futuro del programma nuclear iranian. Le disaccordos super le sequentia e le conditiones del mesuras impediva un solution durabile. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Consequentias humanitari == Le conflictos inter Iran e Israel e le guerra regional de 2026 causava mortes e lesiones inter militares e civiles, displaciamento de population e damnos a infrastructuras. Le bombardamentos, le attaccos de missiles e drones e le interruption del servicios essential affectava le vita quotidian in plure partes del Medio Oriente. Le cifras de victimas varia secundo le fonte e le periodo considerate. Le accesso limitate a certe areas de combatte e le continuation del hostilitates complicava le verification independente del bilancos. Le attaccos contra zonas urban e infrastructuras civil provocava preoccupation concernente le protection del civiles e le observantia del derecto humanitari international. Le conflicto affectava etiam le equipages de naves commercial, le laboratores portuari e le populationes que depende del pesca e del commercio maritime in le Golfo. == Consequentias economic == Le guerra habeva effectos super le mercatos energetic, le commercio maritime e le transporto international. Le interruption del navigation per le Stricto de Hormuz reduceva le passage de naves e augmentava le custos del transporto e del assecurantia. Le interruption del exportationes de petroleo e gas del region influentiava le disponibilitate de combustibiles e le evolution del precios. Le effectos indirecte includeva custos plus alte pro industria, transporto e consumo in paises dependente del importation de energia. Le extension e duration del consequentias economic dependeva del continuation del hostilitates, del conditiones de navigation e del possibilitate de un accordo diplomatic. == Reactiones international == Le guerra provocava reactiones differente del governamentos e del organisationes international. Alcun paises condemnava le attaccos contra lor territorio o contra le navigation commercial, durante que altere actores appellava a un cessation del hostilitates e al continuation del negotiationes. Le [[Organisation del Nationes Unite]] exprimiva preoccupation concernente le extension regional del conflicto e le securitate del Stricto de Hormuz. Le effortios diplomatic includeva mediation, contactos inter le partes e discussiones super le protection del navigation e le programma nuclear iranian. Le reactiones international reflecteva etiam le interesses differente del paises concernite in materia de securitate regional, relationes con Iran, cooperation con Israel e approvisionamento energetic. == Situation al 20 de octobre 2026 == Al 20 de octobre 2026, le confrontation inter Iran e Israel remaneva parte de un conflicto regional plus large, con participation directe del Statos Unite. Le cessation del hostilitates de junio non habeva producite un solution durabile, e le attaccos contra naves in le Stricto de Hormuz e le disaccordos super le programma nuclear continuava a complicar le negotiationes. Le positiones public del partes restava distincte: Israel e le Statos Unite insistava super le reduction del capacitate militar e nuclear iranian; Iran demandava le fin del blocadas e sanctiones e un accordo que garanti le securitate de su territorio e le navigation regional. Le possibilitate de un accordo permanente dependeva del resultatos del negotiationes e del evolution del situation militar. == Vide etiam == * [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] * [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]] * [[Programma nuclear de Iran]] * [[Hezbollah]] * [[Hamas]] * [[Houthis]] * [[Stricto de Hormuz]] * [[Relationes inter Iran e le Statos Unite]] {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Guerra de Iran de 2026|*]] [[Categoria:Conflicto inter Iran e Israel| ]] [[Categoria:Relationes militar inter Iran e Israel]] [[Categoria:Conflicto arabo-israelian]] [[Categoria:Conflictos del seculo XXI]] [[Categoria:Historia militar de Iran]] [[Categoria:Historia militar de Israel]] [[Categoria:Conflictos in le Oriente Medio]] nckkoac9jevcsee952jllu0rugb6gpq 704906 704905 2026-10-20T09:07:36Z Interlingvisto 60932 704906 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''conflicto inter Iran e Israel''' es un confrontation geopolitical e militar que oppone le [[Republica Islamic de Iran]] e le [[Stato de Israel]]. Le conflicto ha evolvite desde un rivalitate politic e strategic, initiate post le Revolution Iranian de 1979, a un serie de confrontationes indirecte e, desde 2024, a attaccos directemente inter le duo paises. Le confrontation involve etiam altere actores regional, in particular gruppos armate supportate per Iran, e ha devenite un del principal fontes de instabilitate in le [[Medio Oriente]]. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004081.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le principal temas del confrontation include le programma nuclear iranian, le disveloppamento de missiles balistic, le securitate de Israel, le influentia regional de Iran e le supporto iranian a organisationes armate como [[Hezbollah]] e [[Hamas]]. Le conflictos in [[Syria]], [[Libano]], [[Irak]] e le [[Yemen]] ha contribuite a extender le rivalitate ultra le frontieras del duo paises. In 2024, le confrontation passava a attaccos directe de grande scala contra le territorio del altere parte. In junio 2025, Israel initiava un offensive contra Iran, cognoscite como le [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]], a que le Statos Unite se jungeva con attaccos contra installationes nuclear iranian. In februario 2026, le confrontation escalava de novo con operationes militar conjuncte del Statos Unite e Israel contra Iran e contrattaccos iranian contra Israel e bases statounitese in le region. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/a7b0cdaba28b5817467ccf712d214579 |titulo=US inserts itself into Israel's war with Iran, striking 3 Iranian nuclear sites |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Antecedentes == === Relationes ante 1979 === Ante le Revolution Iranian de 1979, Iran sub le regno del [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] manteneva relationes de cooperation con Israel. Le duo paises habeva interesses strategic commun in certe aspectos del securitate regional e del relationes con le Statos Unite. Le Revolution Iranian transformava iste relation. Le nove regime, conducite per [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], adoptava un position officialmente hostil a Israel e rompeva le relationes diplomatic formal. Le opposition a Israel deveniva un elemento importante del ideologia e del politica exterior del Republica Islamic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/us-relations-iran |titulo=U.S. Relations With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Le programma nuclear iranian === Le programma nuclear de Iran deveniva un del principal fontes de tension con Israel e le Statos Unite. Iran mantene que su activitates nuclear ha finalitates pacific e defende su derecto a disveloppar technologia nuclear sub le normas international. Israel considera le possibilitate que Iran obtene armas nuclear como un menacia a su securitate e ha demandate mesuras pro impedir un tal disveloppamento. Le disaccordo include le nivello de arricchiamento del uranium, le inspectiones international, le sanctiones economic e le conditiones de un accordo nuclear. Le accordo de 2015, cognoscite como le [[Plan Commun e Global de Action]] (JCPOA), limitava certe activitates nuclear iranian in cambio de alleviation de sanctiones. Le retiro del Statos Unite del accordo in 2018 e le successive deterioration del relationes complicava le effortios diplomatic. === Le rete regional de Iran === Iran ha disveloppate relationes con gruppos armate e actores non estatal in diverse partes del Medio Oriente. Inter illos se trova Hezbollah in Libano e le Houthis in Yemen, assi como gruppos armate in Irak e Syria. Iran presenta iste relationes como parte de su politica de cooperation e defensa regional; Israel considera alcun de iste gruppos como menacias directemente ligate al securitate israelian. Le supporto iranian a iste actores permitteva que le confrontation con Israel se manifestava etiam per attaccos indirecte, operationes clandestin e actiones de gruppos armate que non es formalmente parte del fortias armate iranian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Confrontation indirecte == Durante plure decennios, le rivalitate se manifestava principalmente per operationes clandestin, cyberattaccos, attaccos contra interesses associate al altere parte e actiones de actores regional. Israel ha realisate attaccos contra objectivos ligate a Iran in Syria, includente installationes e personal militar. Iran, de su parte, ha supportate gruppos armate que ha combattite Israel e ha participate in operationes regional contra interesses israelian e statounitese. Le confrontation includeva etiam allegationes de sabotages contra infrastructuras, attaccos contra naves e operationes contra installationes associate al programma nuclear iranian. In plure casos, le responsabilitate esseva negate o non confirmate publicamente per le actores accusate. == Escalation de 2023–2024 == Le guerra initiate post le attacco de [[Hamas]] contra Israel le 7 de octobre 2023 e le subsequent offensive israelian in Gaza intensificava le confrontation regional. Hezbollah initiava attaccos contra Israel ab le frontiera libanese, durante que le Houthis e altere gruppos armate executava operationes contra objectivos associate a Israel o al Statos Unite. Le escalation includeva attaccos contra fortias statounitese in Irak e Syria e operationes statounitese contra installationes de gruppos associate a Iran. Le confrontation regional augmentava le risco que le rivalitate inter Israel e Iran deveniva un guerra directa. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Attaccos directe in 2024 == In april 2024, post un attacco israelian contra un edificio consular iranian in [[Damascus]], Syria, Iran lanceva un grande attacco con drones e missiles contra Israel. Illo esseva le prime attacco directe de iste dimension de Iran contra le territorio israelian. Israel respondeva le 19 de april con un attacco contra un objectivo in Iran, secundo reportos de fontes familiar con le operation. Le confrontation demonstra que le duo paises esseva disposti a usar directemente lor capacitate militar, ben que le partes tentava limitar le extension del escalation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004081.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In octobre 2024, Iran lanceva un nove barrage de missiles contra Israel, presentate per Teheran como responsa al occision de altos dirigentes de Hezbollah e Hamas. Israel respondeva plus tarde in le mesme mense con attaccos contra installationes militar iranian, includente objectivos ligate al defensa aeree e al production de missiles. Iste echambios de attaccos marcava un nove phase del conflicto, con le uso public e directe de missiles e drones contra le territorio del altere parte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004619.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Guerra de dece-duo dies de 2025 == Le 13 de junio 2025, Israel initiava un offensive de grande scala contra Iran. Le operationes includeva attaccos contra installationes nuclear, infrastructuras militar, fabricas de missiles e altos dirigentes del fortias armate iranian. Israel declarava que le objectivo esseva impedir que Iran obteneva armas nuclear e reduzir su capacitate de attacco. Iran respondeva con undas de missiles balistic e drones contra Israel. Le echambios causava mortes e lesiones in ambe paises e danneggiava infrastructuras civil e militar. Le guerra se extendeva durante dece-duo dies, con un intense serie de attaccos e effortios diplomatic pro detener le combattes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/8adbedb3427a76be7dbde4a18a05f75f |titulo=A week into war, Israel and Iran trade fire as Europe's diplomatic effort yields no breakthrough |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 21 de junio, le Statos Unite interveniva directemente con attaccos contra le installationes nuclear de [[Fordow]], [[Natanz]] e [[Isfahan]]. Le operationes statounitese includeva bombarderos B-2 e armas destinate a attinger installationes subterranee. Le administration statounitese declarava que le attaccos habeva gravemente damnate le programma nuclear iranian; le extension exacte e le duration del damnos esseva objecto de evaluationes technic e de discussiones public. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/a7b0cdaba28b5817467ccf712d214579 |titulo=US inserts itself into Israel's war with Iran, striking 3 Iranian nuclear sites |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Iran respondeva con un attacco contra le base aeree de [[Al Udeid]] in Qatar. Le 23 de junio, le Statos Unite annunciava un cessation del hostilitates, e le partes cessava le grande operationes de attacco directe. Le pausa non resolveva le disaccordos concernente le programma nuclear, le sanctiones e le securitate regional. == Guerra de Iran de 2026 == Le 28 de februario 2026, le Statos Unite e Israel lanceva operationes militar conjuncte contra Iran, post le deterioration del negotiationes concernente le programma nuclear e le capacitate de missiles. Le attaccos colpiva installationes militar e objectivos ligate al direction del Republica Islamic. Le Guida Supreme iranian [[Ali Khamenei]] esseva occidite durante le operationes initial, insimul con altere altos dirigentes. Iran respondeva con missiles e drones contra Israel e bases statounitese in paises del Golfo, includente Bahrein, Kuwait, Qatar e le Emiratos Arabe Unite. Le confrontation deveniva un guerra regional con effectos super le securitate del navigation e le infrastructuras energetic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le guerra de 2026 es considerate un continuation del confrontation inter Iran e Israel, ma involve etiam directemente le Statos Unite e altere paises regional. Le objectivos public del Statos Unite includeva le reduction del capacitate de missiles iranian, le destruction de certe capacitates naval e le prevention del acquisition de armas nuclear per Iran. Iran, de su parte, presentava su attaccos como responsas al operationes contra su territorio e su direction politic. Le combattes affectava le [[Stricto de Hormuz]], un passagio maritime essential pro le commercio mundial de petroleo e gas. Le interruption del navigation e le attaccos contra naves commercial provocava inquietude super le approvisionamento energetic e le securitate del rutas maritime. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Attaccos contra naves e securitate maritime == Le Stricto de Hormuz deveniva un del principal frontes del guerra de 2026. Iran annunciava restrictiones al passage maritime, durante que le Statos Unite imposeva un blocada naval de portos iranian. Le confrontation causava interruptiones del traffico commercial e attaccos contra naves que navigava in le area. Le incidentes includeva attaccos con drones, missiles e altere projectiles, e reportos de naves damnate o affundate. Le situation provocava interruptiones del navigation, augmento del custos de assecurantia e timores de pollution marine. Le securitate del equipages e del infrastructuras portuari deveniva un preoccupation international. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/oct/19/strait-of-hormuz-spilt-cargo-after-iran-attacks-container-ships |titulo=People scour Strait of Hormuz for spilt cargo after Iran attacks container ships |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le restriction del traffico maritime habeva consequentias economic que superava le region, perque le Stricto de Hormuz es un ruta major pro le exportation de petroleo del Golfo Persic. Le duration del interruptiones e le possibilitate de reaperir le passage deveniva temas central del negotiationes. == Dimension nuclear e diplomatic == Le programma nuclear iranian remaneva un del principal questiones del conflicto. Israel e le Statos Unite insistava super mesuras destinate a impedir que Iran obteneva armas nuclear. Iran declarava que su programma habeva finalitates pacific e demandava le levamento de sanctiones economic. Le accordo nuclear de 2015 habeva establite limites a certe activitates iranian in cambio de alleviation de sanctiones. Le retiro del Statos Unite del accordo in 2018 e le continuation del sanctiones complicava le relationes. Le negotiationes de 2025 e 2026 non duceva a un accordo que satisficeva tote le partes. Le diplomatia international includeva contactos e mediation per paises como Qatar e Pakistan. Le effortios se concentrava super le cessation del hostilitates, le conditiones del navigation in le Stricto de Hormuz, le sanctiones economic e le futuro del programma nuclear iranian. Le disaccordos super le sequentia e le conditiones del mesuras impediva un solution durabile. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Consequentias humanitari == Le conflictos inter Iran e Israel e le guerra regional de 2026 causava mortes e lesiones inter militares e civiles, displaciamento de population e damnos a infrastructuras. Le bombardamentos, le attaccos de missiles e drones e le interruption del servicios essential affectava le vita quotidian in plure partes del Medio Oriente. Le cifras de victimas varia secundo le fonte e le periodo considerate. Le accesso limitate a certe areas de combatte e le continuation del hostilitates complicava le verification independente del bilancos. Le attaccos contra zonas urban e infrastructuras civil provocava preoccupation concernente le protection del civiles e le observantia del derecto humanitari international. Le conflicto affectava etiam le equipages de naves commercial, le laboratores portuari e le populationes que depende del pesca e del commercio maritime in le Golfo. == Consequentias economic == Le guerra habeva effectos super le mercatos energetic, le commercio maritime e le transporto international. Le interruption del navigation per le Stricto de Hormuz reduceva le passage de naves e augmentava le custos del transporto e del assecurantia. Le interruption del exportationes de petroleo e gas del region influentiava le disponibilitate de combustibiles e le evolution del precios. Le effectos indirecte includeva custos plus alte pro industria, transporto e consumo in paises dependente del importation de energia. Le extension e duration del consequentias economic dependeva del continuation del hostilitates, del conditiones de navigation e del possibilitate de un accordo diplomatic. == Reactiones international == Le guerra provocava reactiones differente del governamentos e del organisationes international. Alcun paises condemnava le attaccos contra lor territorio o contra le navigation commercial, durante que altere actores appellava a un cessation del hostilitates e al continuation del negotiationes. Le [[Organisation del Nationes Unite]] exprimiva preoccupation concernente le extension regional del conflicto e le securitate del Stricto de Hormuz. Le effortios diplomatic includeva mediation, contactos inter le partes e discussiones super le protection del navigation e le programma nuclear iranian. Le reactiones international reflecteva etiam le interesses differente del paises concernite in materia de securitate regional, relationes con Iran, cooperation con Israel e approvisionamento energetic. == Situation al 20 de octobre 2026 == Al 20 de octobre 2026, le confrontation inter Iran e Israel remaneva parte de un conflicto regional plus large, con participation directe del Statos Unite. Le cessation del hostilitates de junio non habeva producite un solution durabile, e le attaccos contra naves in le Stricto de Hormuz e le disaccordos super le programma nuclear continuava a complicar le negotiationes. Le positiones public del partes restava distincte: Israel e le Statos Unite insistava super le reduction del capacitate militar e nuclear iranian; Iran demandava le fin del blocadas e sanctiones e un accordo que garanti le securitate de su territorio e le navigation regional. Le possibilitate de un accordo permanente dependeva del resultatos del negotiationes e del evolution del situation militar. == Vide etiam == * [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] * [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]] * [[Programma nuclear de Iran]] * [[Hezbollah]] * [[Hamas]] * [[Houthis]] * [[Stricto de Hormuz]] * [[Relationes inter Iran e le Statos Unite]] {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:Guerra de Iran de 2026|*]] [[Categoria:Categoria:Conflicto Iran-Israel| ]] [[Categoria:Conflicto arabo-israelita]] [[Categoria:Conflictos in Oriente Medie]] 82a6cyh4ylbt5shcbl89culhz21bhzm 704907 704906 2026-10-20T09:08:11Z Interlingvisto 60932 704907 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''conflicto inter Iran e Israel''' es un confrontation geopolitical e militar que oppone le [[Republica Islamic de Iran]] e le [[Stato de Israel]]. Le conflicto ha evolvite desde un rivalitate politic e strategic, initiate post le Revolution Iranian de 1979, a un serie de confrontationes indirecte e, desde 2024, a attaccos directemente inter le duo paises. Le confrontation involve etiam altere actores regional, in particular gruppos armate supportate per Iran, e ha devenite un del principal fontes de instabilitate in [[Oriente Medie]]. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004081.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le principal temas del confrontation include le programma nuclear iranian, le disveloppamento de missiles balistic, le securitate de Israel, le influentia regional de Iran e le supporto iranian a organisationes armate como [[Hezbollah]] e [[Hamas]]. Le conflictos in [[Syria]], [[Libano]], [[Irak]] e le [[Yemen]] ha contribuite a extender le rivalitate ultra le frontieras del duo paises. In 2024, le confrontation passava a attaccos directe de grande scala contra le territorio del altere parte. In junio 2025, Israel initiava un offensive contra Iran, cognoscite como le [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]], a que le Statos Unite se jungeva con attaccos contra installationes nuclear iranian. In februario 2026, le confrontation escalava de novo con operationes militar conjuncte del Statos Unite e Israel contra Iran e contrattaccos iranian contra Israel e bases statounitese in le region. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/a7b0cdaba28b5817467ccf712d214579 |titulo=US inserts itself into Israel's war with Iran, striking 3 Iranian nuclear sites |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Antecedentes == === Relationes ante 1979 === Ante le Revolution Iranian de 1979, Iran sub le regno del [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] manteneva relationes de cooperation con Israel. Le duo paises habeva interesses strategic commun in certe aspectos del securitate regional e del relationes con le Statos Unite. Le Revolution Iranian transformava iste relation. Le nove regime, conducite per [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], adoptava un position officialmente hostil a Israel e rompeva le relationes diplomatic formal. Le opposition a Israel deveniva un elemento importante del ideologia e del politica exterior del Republica Islamic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/us-relations-iran |titulo=U.S. Relations With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Le programma nuclear iranian === Le programma nuclear de Iran deveniva un del principal fontes de tension con Israel e le Statos Unite. Iran mantene que su activitates nuclear ha finalitates pacific e defende su derecto a disveloppar technologia nuclear sub le normas international. Israel considera le possibilitate que Iran obtene armas nuclear como un menacia a su securitate e ha demandate mesuras pro impedir un tal disveloppamento. Le disaccordo include le nivello de arricchiamento del uranium, le inspectiones international, le sanctiones economic e le conditiones de un accordo nuclear. Le accordo de 2015, cognoscite como le [[Plan Commun e Global de Action]] (JCPOA), limitava certe activitates nuclear iranian in cambio de alleviation de sanctiones. Le retiro del Statos Unite del accordo in 2018 e le successive deterioration del relationes complicava le effortios diplomatic. === Le rete regional de Iran === Iran ha disveloppate relationes con gruppos armate e actores non estatal in diverse partes del Medio Oriente. Inter illos se trova Hezbollah in Libano e le Houthis in Yemen, assi como gruppos armate in Irak e Syria. Iran presenta iste relationes como parte de su politica de cooperation e defensa regional; Israel considera alcun de iste gruppos como menacias directemente ligate al securitate israelian. Le supporto iranian a iste actores permitteva que le confrontation con Israel se manifestava etiam per attaccos indirecte, operationes clandestin e actiones de gruppos armate que non es formalmente parte del fortias armate iranian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Confrontation indirecte == Durante plure decennios, le rivalitate se manifestava principalmente per operationes clandestin, cyberattaccos, attaccos contra interesses associate al altere parte e actiones de actores regional. Israel ha realisate attaccos contra objectivos ligate a Iran in Syria, includente installationes e personal militar. Iran, de su parte, ha supportate gruppos armate que ha combattite Israel e ha participate in operationes regional contra interesses israelian e statounitese. Le confrontation includeva etiam allegationes de sabotages contra infrastructuras, attaccos contra naves e operationes contra installationes associate al programma nuclear iranian. In plure casos, le responsabilitate esseva negate o non confirmate publicamente per le actores accusate. == Escalation de 2023–2024 == Le guerra initiate post le attacco de [[Hamas]] contra Israel le 7 de octobre 2023 e le subsequent offensive israelian in Gaza intensificava le confrontation regional. Hezbollah initiava attaccos contra Israel ab le frontiera libanese, durante que le Houthis e altere gruppos armate executava operationes contra objectivos associate a Israel o al Statos Unite. Le escalation includeva attaccos contra fortias statounitese in Irak e Syria e operationes statounitese contra installationes de gruppos associate a Iran. Le confrontation regional augmentava le risco que le rivalitate inter Israel e Iran deveniva un guerra directa. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Attaccos directe in 2024 == In april 2024, post un attacco israelian contra un edificio consular iranian in [[Damascus]], Syria, Iran lanceva un grande attacco con drones e missiles contra Israel. Illo esseva le prime attacco directe de iste dimension de Iran contra le territorio israelian. Israel respondeva le 19 de april con un attacco contra un objectivo in Iran, secundo reportos de fontes familiar con le operation. Le confrontation demonstra que le duo paises esseva disposti a usar directemente lor capacitate militar, ben que le partes tentava limitar le extension del escalation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004081.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In octobre 2024, Iran lanceva un nove barrage de missiles contra Israel, presentate per Teheran como responsa al occision de altos dirigentes de Hezbollah e Hamas. Israel respondeva plus tarde in le mesme mense con attaccos contra installationes militar iranian, includente objectivos ligate al defensa aeree e al production de missiles. Iste echambios de attaccos marcava un nove phase del conflicto, con le uso public e directe de missiles e drones contra le territorio del altere parte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004619.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Guerra de dece-duo dies de 2025 == Le 13 de junio 2025, Israel initiava un offensive de grande scala contra Iran. Le operationes includeva attaccos contra installationes nuclear, infrastructuras militar, fabricas de missiles e altos dirigentes del fortias armate iranian. Israel declarava que le objectivo esseva impedir que Iran obteneva armas nuclear e reduzir su capacitate de attacco. Iran respondeva con undas de missiles balistic e drones contra Israel. Le echambios causava mortes e lesiones in ambe paises e danneggiava infrastructuras civil e militar. Le guerra se extendeva durante dece-duo dies, con un intense serie de attaccos e effortios diplomatic pro detener le combattes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/8adbedb3427a76be7dbde4a18a05f75f |titulo=A week into war, Israel and Iran trade fire as Europe's diplomatic effort yields no breakthrough |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 21 de junio, le Statos Unite interveniva directemente con attaccos contra le installationes nuclear de [[Fordow]], [[Natanz]] e [[Isfahan]]. Le operationes statounitese includeva bombarderos B-2 e armas destinate a attinger installationes subterranee. Le administration statounitese declarava que le attaccos habeva gravemente damnate le programma nuclear iranian; le extension exacte e le duration del damnos esseva objecto de evaluationes technic e de discussiones public. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/a7b0cdaba28b5817467ccf712d214579 |titulo=US inserts itself into Israel's war with Iran, striking 3 Iranian nuclear sites |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Iran respondeva con un attacco contra le base aeree de [[Al Udeid]] in Qatar. Le 23 de junio, le Statos Unite annunciava un cessation del hostilitates, e le partes cessava le grande operationes de attacco directe. Le pausa non resolveva le disaccordos concernente le programma nuclear, le sanctiones e le securitate regional. == Guerra de Iran de 2026 == Le 28 de februario 2026, le Statos Unite e Israel lanceva operationes militar conjuncte contra Iran, post le deterioration del negotiationes concernente le programma nuclear e le capacitate de missiles. Le attaccos colpiva installationes militar e objectivos ligate al direction del Republica Islamic. Le Guida Supreme iranian [[Ali Khamenei]] esseva occidite durante le operationes initial, insimul con altere altos dirigentes. Iran respondeva con missiles e drones contra Israel e bases statounitese in paises del Golfo, includente Bahrein, Kuwait, Qatar e le Emiratos Arabe Unite. Le confrontation deveniva un guerra regional con effectos super le securitate del navigation e le infrastructuras energetic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le guerra de 2026 es considerate un continuation del confrontation inter Iran e Israel, ma involve etiam directemente le Statos Unite e altere paises regional. Le objectivos public del Statos Unite includeva le reduction del capacitate de missiles iranian, le destruction de certe capacitates naval e le prevention del acquisition de armas nuclear per Iran. Iran, de su parte, presentava su attaccos como responsas al operationes contra su territorio e su direction politic. Le combattes affectava le [[Stricto de Hormuz]], un passagio maritime essential pro le commercio mundial de petroleo e gas. Le interruption del navigation e le attaccos contra naves commercial provocava inquietude super le approvisionamento energetic e le securitate del rutas maritime. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Attaccos contra naves e securitate maritime == Le Stricto de Hormuz deveniva un del principal frontes del guerra de 2026. Iran annunciava restrictiones al passage maritime, durante que le Statos Unite imposeva un blocada naval de portos iranian. Le confrontation causava interruptiones del traffico commercial e attaccos contra naves que navigava in le area. Le incidentes includeva attaccos con drones, missiles e altere projectiles, e reportos de naves damnate o affundate. Le situation provocava interruptiones del navigation, augmento del custos de assecurantia e timores de pollution marine. Le securitate del equipages e del infrastructuras portuari deveniva un preoccupation international. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/oct/19/strait-of-hormuz-spilt-cargo-after-iran-attacks-container-ships |titulo=People scour Strait of Hormuz for spilt cargo after Iran attacks container ships |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le restriction del traffico maritime habeva consequentias economic que superava le region, perque le Stricto de Hormuz es un ruta major pro le exportation de petroleo del Golfo Persic. Le duration del interruptiones e le possibilitate de reaperir le passage deveniva temas central del negotiationes. == Dimension nuclear e diplomatic == Le programma nuclear iranian remaneva un del principal questiones del conflicto. Israel e le Statos Unite insistava super mesuras destinate a impedir que Iran obteneva armas nuclear. Iran declarava que su programma habeva finalitates pacific e demandava le levamento de sanctiones economic. Le accordo nuclear de 2015 habeva establite limites a certe activitates iranian in cambio de alleviation de sanctiones. Le retiro del Statos Unite del accordo in 2018 e le continuation del sanctiones complicava le relationes. Le negotiationes de 2025 e 2026 non duceva a un accordo que satisficeva tote le partes. Le diplomatia international includeva contactos e mediation per paises como Qatar e Pakistan. Le effortios se concentrava super le cessation del hostilitates, le conditiones del navigation in le Stricto de Hormuz, le sanctiones economic e le futuro del programma nuclear iranian. Le disaccordos super le sequentia e le conditiones del mesuras impediva un solution durabile. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Consequentias humanitari == Le conflictos inter Iran e Israel e le guerra regional de 2026 causava mortes e lesiones inter militares e civiles, displaciamento de population e damnos a infrastructuras. Le bombardamentos, le attaccos de missiles e drones e le interruption del servicios essential affectava le vita quotidian in plure partes del Medio Oriente. Le cifras de victimas varia secundo le fonte e le periodo considerate. Le accesso limitate a certe areas de combatte e le continuation del hostilitates complicava le verification independente del bilancos. Le attaccos contra zonas urban e infrastructuras civil provocava preoccupation concernente le protection del civiles e le observantia del derecto humanitari international. Le conflicto affectava etiam le equipages de naves commercial, le laboratores portuari e le populationes que depende del pesca e del commercio maritime in le Golfo. == Consequentias economic == Le guerra habeva effectos super le mercatos energetic, le commercio maritime e le transporto international. Le interruption del navigation per le Stricto de Hormuz reduceva le passage de naves e augmentava le custos del transporto e del assecurantia. Le interruption del exportationes de petroleo e gas del region influentiava le disponibilitate de combustibiles e le evolution del precios. Le effectos indirecte includeva custos plus alte pro industria, transporto e consumo in paises dependente del importation de energia. Le extension e duration del consequentias economic dependeva del continuation del hostilitates, del conditiones de navigation e del possibilitate de un accordo diplomatic. == Reactiones international == Le guerra provocava reactiones differente del governamentos e del organisationes international. Alcun paises condemnava le attaccos contra lor territorio o contra le navigation commercial, durante que altere actores appellava a un cessation del hostilitates e al continuation del negotiationes. Le [[Organisation del Nationes Unite]] exprimiva preoccupation concernente le extension regional del conflicto e le securitate del Stricto de Hormuz. Le effortios diplomatic includeva mediation, contactos inter le partes e discussiones super le protection del navigation e le programma nuclear iranian. Le reactiones international reflecteva etiam le interesses differente del paises concernite in materia de securitate regional, relationes con Iran, cooperation con Israel e approvisionamento energetic. == Situation al 20 de octobre 2026 == Al 20 de octobre 2026, le confrontation inter Iran e Israel remaneva parte de un conflicto regional plus large, con participation directe del Statos Unite. Le cessation del hostilitates de junio non habeva producite un solution durabile, e le attaccos contra naves in le Stricto de Hormuz e le disaccordos super le programma nuclear continuava a complicar le negotiationes. Le positiones public del partes restava distincte: Israel e le Statos Unite insistava super le reduction del capacitate militar e nuclear iranian; Iran demandava le fin del blocadas e sanctiones e un accordo que garanti le securitate de su territorio e le navigation regional. Le possibilitate de un accordo permanente dependeva del resultatos del negotiationes e del evolution del situation militar. == Vide etiam == * [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] * [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]] * [[Programma nuclear de Iran]] * [[Hezbollah]] * [[Hamas]] * [[Houthis]] * [[Stricto de Hormuz]] * [[Relationes inter Iran e le Statos Unite]] {{Ref}} [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:Guerra de Iran de 2026|*]] [[Categoria:Categoria:Conflicto Iran-Israel| ]] [[Categoria:Conflicto arabo-israelita]] [[Categoria:Conflictos in Oriente Medie]] 1xg0pw7he34n1e2jjyvs9saew6knskd 704921 704907 2026-10-20T10:15:57Z Interlingvisto 60932 704921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''conflicto inter Iran e Israel''' es un confrontation geopolitical e militar que oppone le [[Republica Islamic de Iran]] e le [[Stato de Israel]]. Le conflicto ha evolvite desde un rivalitate politic e strategic, initiate post le Revolution Iranian de 1979, a un serie de confrontationes indirecte e, desde 2024, a attaccos directemente inter le duo paises. Le confrontation involve etiam altere actores regional, in particular gruppos armate supportate per Iran, e ha devenite un del principal fontes de instabilitate in [[Oriente Medie]]. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004081.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le principal temas del confrontation include le programma nuclear iranian, le disveloppamento de missiles balistic, le securitate de Israel, le influentia regional de Iran e le supporto iranian a organisationes armate como [[Hezbollah]] e [[Hamas]]. Le conflictos in [[Syria]], [[Libano]], [[Irak]] e le [[Yemen]] ha contribuite a extender le rivalitate ultra le frontieras del duo paises. In 2024, le confrontation passava a attaccos directe de grande scala contra le territorio del altere parte. In junio 2025, Israel initiava un offensive contra Iran, cognoscite como le [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]], a que le Statos Unite se jungeva con attaccos contra installationes nuclear iranian. In februario 2026, le confrontation escalava de novo con operationes militar conjuncte del Statos Unite e Israel contra Iran e contrattaccos iranian contra Israel e bases statounitese in le region. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/a7b0cdaba28b5817467ccf712d214579 |titulo=US inserts itself into Israel's war with Iran, striking 3 Iranian nuclear sites |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Antecedentes == === Relationes ante 1979 === Ante le Revolution Iranian de 1979, Iran sub le regno del [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] manteneva relationes de cooperation con Israel. Le duo paises habeva interesses strategic commun in certe aspectos del securitate regional e del relationes con le Statos Unite. Le Revolution Iranian transformava iste relation. Le nove regime, conducite per [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], adoptava un position officialmente hostil a Israel e rompeva le relationes diplomatic formal. Le opposition a Israel deveniva un elemento importante del ideologia e del politica exterior del Republica Islamic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/articles/us-relations-iran |titulo=U.S. Relations With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Le programma nuclear iranian === Le programma nuclear de Iran deveniva un del principal fontes de tension con Israel e le Statos Unite. Iran mantene que su activitates nuclear ha finalitates pacific e defende su derecto a disveloppar technologia nuclear sub le normas international. Israel considera le possibilitate que Iran obtene armas nuclear como un menacia a su securitate e ha demandate mesuras pro impedir un tal disveloppamento. Le disaccordo include le nivello de arricchiamento del uranium, le inspectiones international, le sanctiones economic e le conditiones de un accordo nuclear. Le accordo de 2015, cognoscite como le [[Plan Commun e Global de Action]] (JCPOA), limitava certe activitates nuclear iranian in cambio de alleviation de sanctiones. Le retiro del Statos Unite del accordo in 2018 e le successive deterioration del relationes complicava le effortios diplomatic. === Le rete regional de Iran === Iran ha disveloppate relationes con gruppos armate e actores non estatal in diverse partes del Medio Oriente. Inter illos se trova Hezbollah in Libano e le Houthis in Yemen, assi como gruppos armate in Irak e Syria. Iran presenta iste relationes como parte de su politica de cooperation e defensa regional; Israel considera alcun de iste gruppos como menacias directemente ligate al securitate israelian. Le supporto iranian a iste actores permitteva que le confrontation con Israel se manifestava etiam per attaccos indirecte, operationes clandestin e actiones de gruppos armate que non es formalmente parte del fortias armate iranian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Confrontation indirecte == Durante plure decennios, le rivalitate se manifestava principalmente per operationes clandestin, cyberattaccos, attaccos contra interesses associate al altere parte e actiones de actores regional. Israel ha realisate attaccos contra objectivos ligate a Iran in Syria, includente installationes e personal militar. Iran, de su parte, ha supportate gruppos armate que ha combattite Israel e ha participate in operationes regional contra interesses israelian e statounitese. Le confrontation includeva etiam allegationes de sabotages contra infrastructuras, attaccos contra naves e operationes contra installationes associate al programma nuclear iranian. In plure casos, le responsabilitate esseva negate o non confirmate publicamente per le actores accusate. == Escalation de 2023–2024 == Le guerra initiate post le attacco de [[Hamas]] contra Israel le 7 de octobre 2023 e le subsequent offensive israelian in Gaza intensificava le confrontation regional. Hezbollah initiava attaccos contra Israel ab le frontiera libanese, durante que le Houthis e altere gruppos armate executava operationes contra objectivos associate a Israel o al Statos Unite. Le escalation includeva attaccos contra fortias statounitese in Irak e Syria e operationes statounitese contra installationes de gruppos associate a Iran. Le confrontation regional augmentava le risco que le rivalitate inter Israel e Iran deveniva un guerra directa. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Attaccos directe in 2024 == In april 2024, post un attacco israelian contra un edificio consular iranian in [[Damascus]], Syria, Iran lanceva un grande attacco con drones e missiles contra Israel. Illo esseva le prime attacco directe de iste dimension de Iran contra le territorio israelian. Israel respondeva le 19 de april con un attacco contra un objectivo in Iran, secundo reportos de fontes familiar con le operation. Le confrontation demonstra que le duo paises esseva disposti a usar directemente lor capacitate militar, ben que le partes tentava limitar le extension del escalation. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004081.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> In octobre 2024, Iran lanceva un nove barrage de missiles contra Israel, presentate per Teheran como responsa al occision de altos dirigentes de Hezbollah e Hamas. Israel respondeva plus tarde in le mesme mense con attaccos contra installationes militar iranian, includente objectivos ligate al defensa aeree e al production de missiles. Iste echambios de attaccos marcava un nove phase del conflicto, con le uso public e directe de missiles e drones contra le territorio del altere parte. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/iran-israels-open-warfare-decades-122004619.html |titulo=Iran and Israel's open warfare after decades of shadow war |sitioweb=Reuters, republicate per Yahoo News |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Guerra de dece-duo dies de 2025 == Le 13 de junio 2025, Israel initiava un offensive de grande scala contra Iran. Le operationes includeva attaccos contra installationes nuclear, infrastructuras militar, fabricas de missiles e altos dirigentes del fortias armate iranian. Israel declarava que le objectivo esseva impedir que Iran obteneva armas nuclear e reduzir su capacitate de attacco. Iran respondeva con undas de missiles balistic e drones contra Israel. Le echambios causava mortes e lesiones in ambe paises e danneggiava infrastructuras civil e militar. Le guerra se extendeva durante dece-duo dies, con un intense serie de attaccos e effortios diplomatic pro detener le combattes. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/8adbedb3427a76be7dbde4a18a05f75f |titulo=A week into war, Israel and Iran trade fire as Europe's diplomatic effort yields no breakthrough |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le 21 de junio, le Statos Unite interveniva directemente con attaccos contra le installationes nuclear de [[Fordow]], [[Natanz]] e [[Isfahan]]. Le operationes statounitese includeva bombarderos B-2 e armas destinate a attinger installationes subterranee. Le administration statounitese declarava que le attaccos habeva gravemente damnate le programma nuclear iranian; le extension exacte e le duration del damnos esseva objecto de evaluationes technic e de discussiones public. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://apnews.com/article/a7b0cdaba28b5817467ccf712d214579 |titulo=US inserts itself into Israel's war with Iran, striking 3 Iranian nuclear sites |sitioweb=Associated Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Iran respondeva con un attacco contra le base aeree de [[Al Udeid]] in Qatar. Le 23 de junio, le Statos Unite annunciava un cessation del hostilitates, e le partes cessava le grande operationes de attacco directe. Le pausa non resolveva le disaccordos concernente le programma nuclear, le sanctiones e le securitate regional. == Guerra de Iran de 2026 == Le 28 de februario 2026, le Statos Unite e Israel lanceva operationes militar conjuncte contra Iran, post le deterioration del negotiationes concernente le programma nuclear e le capacitate de missiles. Le attaccos colpiva installationes militar e objectivos ligate al direction del Republica Islamic. Le Guida Supreme iranian [[Ali Khamenei]] esseva occidite durante le operationes initial, insimul con altere altos dirigentes. Iran respondeva con missiles e drones contra Israel e bases statounitese in paises del Golfo, includente Bahrein, Kuwait, Qatar e le Emiratos Arabe Unite. Le confrontation deveniva un guerra regional con effectos super le securitate del navigation e le infrastructuras energetic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le guerra de 2026 es considerate un continuation del confrontation inter Iran e Israel, ma involve etiam directemente le Statos Unite e altere paises regional. Le objectivos public del Statos Unite includeva le reduction del capacitate de missiles iranian, le destruction de certe capacitates naval e le prevention del acquisition de armas nuclear per Iran. Iran, de su parte, presentava su attaccos como responsas al operationes contra su territorio e su direction politic. Le combattes affectava le [[Stricto de Hormuz]], un passagio maritime essential pro le commercio mundial de petroleo e gas. Le interruption del navigation e le attaccos contra naves commercial provocava inquietude super le approvisionamento energetic e le securitate del rutas maritime. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Attaccos contra naves e securitate maritime == Le Stricto de Hormuz deveniva un del principal frontes del guerra de 2026. Iran annunciava restrictiones al passage maritime, durante que le Statos Unite imposeva un blocada naval de portos iranian. Le confrontation causava interruptiones del traffico commercial e attaccos contra naves que navigava in le area. Le incidentes includeva attaccos con drones, missiles e altere projectiles, e reportos de naves damnate o affundate. Le situation provocava interruptiones del navigation, augmento del custos de assecurantia e timores de pollution marine. Le securitate del equipages e del infrastructuras portuari deveniva un preoccupation international. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/oct/19/strait-of-hormuz-spilt-cargo-after-iran-attacks-container-ships |titulo=People scour Strait of Hormuz for spilt cargo after Iran attacks container ships |sitioweb=The Guardian |fecha=19 de octobre 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le restriction del traffico maritime habeva consequentias economic que superava le region, perque le Stricto de Hormuz es un ruta major pro le exportation de petroleo del Golfo Persic. Le duration del interruptiones e le possibilitate de reaperir le passage deveniva temas central del negotiationes. == Dimension nuclear e diplomatic == Le programma nuclear iranian remaneva un del principal questiones del conflicto. Israel e le Statos Unite insistava super mesuras destinate a impedir que Iran obteneva armas nuclear. Iran declarava que su programma habeva finalitates pacific e demandava le levamento de sanctiones economic. Le accordo nuclear de 2015 habeva establite limites a certe activitates iranian in cambio de alleviation de sanctiones. Le retiro del Statos Unite del accordo in 2018 e le continuation del sanctiones complicava le relationes. Le negotiationes de 2025 e 2026 non duceva a un accordo que satisficeva tote le partes. Le diplomatia international includeva contactos e mediation per paises como Qatar e Pakistan. Le effortios se concentrava super le cessation del hostilitates, le conditiones del navigation in le Stricto de Hormuz, le sanctiones economic e le futuro del programma nuclear iranian. Le disaccordos super le sequentia e le conditiones del mesuras impediva un solution durabile. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/confrontation-between-united-states-and-iran |titulo=Conflict With Iran |sitioweb=Council on Foreign Relations |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Consequentias humanitari == Le conflictos inter Iran e Israel e le guerra regional de 2026 causava mortes e lesiones inter militares e civiles, displaciamento de population e damnos a infrastructuras. Le bombardamentos, le attaccos de missiles e drones e le interruption del servicios essential affectava le vita quotidian in plure partes del Medio Oriente. Le cifras de victimas varia secundo le fonte e le periodo considerate. Le accesso limitate a certe areas de combatte e le continuation del hostilitates complicava le verification independente del bilancos. Le attaccos contra zonas urban e infrastructuras civil provocava preoccupation concernente le protection del civiles e le observantia del derecto humanitari international. Le conflicto affectava etiam le equipages de naves commercial, le laboratores portuari e le populationes que depende del pesca e del commercio maritime in le Golfo. == Consequentias economic == Le guerra habeva effectos super le mercatos energetic, le commercio maritime e le transporto international. Le interruption del navigation per le Stricto de Hormuz reduceva le passage de naves e augmentava le custos del transporto e del assecurantia. Le interruption del exportationes de petroleo e gas del region influentiava le disponibilitate de combustibiles e le evolution del precios. Le effectos indirecte includeva custos plus alte pro industria, transporto e consumo in paises dependente del importation de energia. Le extension e duration del consequentias economic dependeva del continuation del hostilitates, del conditiones de navigation e del possibilitate de un accordo diplomatic. == Reactiones international == Le guerra provocava reactiones differente del governamentos e del organisationes international. Alcun paises condemnava le attaccos contra lor territorio o contra le navigation commercial, durante que altere actores appellava a un cessation del hostilitates e al continuation del negotiationes. Le [[Organisation del Nationes Unite]] exprimiva preoccupation concernente le extension regional del conflicto e le securitate del Stricto de Hormuz. Le effortios diplomatic includeva mediation, contactos inter le partes e discussiones super le protection del navigation e le programma nuclear iranian. Le reactiones international reflecteva etiam le interesses differente del paises concernite in materia de securitate regional, relationes con Iran, cooperation con Israel e approvisionamento energetic. == Situation al 20 de octobre 2026 == Al 20 de octobre 2026, le confrontation inter Iran e Israel remaneva parte de un conflicto regional plus large, con participation directe del Statos Unite. Le cessation del hostilitates de junio non habeva producite un solution durabile, e le attaccos contra naves in le Stricto de Hormuz e le disaccordos super le programma nuclear continuava a complicar le negotiationes. Le positiones public del partes restava distincte: Israel e le Statos Unite insistava super le reduction del capacitate militar e nuclear iranian; Iran demandava le fin del blocadas e sanctiones e un accordo que garanti le securitate de su territorio e le navigation regional. Le possibilitate de un accordo permanente dependeva del resultatos del negotiationes e del evolution del situation militar. == Vide etiam == * [[Guerra de Iran de 2026]] * [[Guerra de dece-duo dies]] * [[Programma nuclear de Iran]] * [[Hezbollah]] * [[Hamas]] * [[Houthis]] * [[Stricto de Hormuz]] * [[Relationes inter Iran e le Statos Unite]] {{Ref}} {{Guerra de Iran de 2026}} [[Categoria:Conflictos]] [[Categoria:Guerra de Iran de 2026|*]] [[Categoria:Categoria:Conflicto Iran-Israel| ]] [[Categoria:Conflicto arabo-israelita]] [[Categoria:Conflictos in Oriente Medie]] r0rgfrm73bz5djusysvbbb3a1kqx5wb 0 62383 704909 2026-10-20T09:11:12Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “{{Infobox/articulo/generic}} '''Agenda Valenciana''' es un partito politic e plataforma electoral valencianista fundate in [[octobre]] de [[2026]]. Le formation nasce con le objectivo de participar al [[electiones general de Espania de 2026]] in le [[circumscription electoral de Valencia]], presentante candidaturas tanto al [[Congresso del Deputatos]] como al [[Senato de Espania]]. Le projecto ha un character transversal e se concentra sur le revendication del dere...” 704909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} '''Agenda Valenciana''' es un partito politic e plataforma electoral valencianista fundate in [[octobre]] de [[2026]]. Le formation nasce con le objectivo de participar al [[electiones general de Espania de 2026]] in le [[circumscription electoral de Valencia]], presentante candidaturas tanto al [[Congresso del Deputatos]] como al [[Senato de Espania]]. Le projecto ha un character transversal e se concentra sur le revendication del [[derecto civil valencian]], un financiation autonomic juste e le defension stricte del interesses valencian sin subordination al directiones national del partitos traditional.<ref name="valenciaplaza">{{Ref-web |url=https://valenciaplaza.com/valenciaplaza/comunitat-valenciana1/agenda-valenciana-el-nuevo-partido-de-jose-ramon-chirivella-ya-tiene-nombres-para-la-lista |título=Agenda Valenciana, le nove partito de José Ramón Chirivella, ha ja nomines pro le lista |fechaacceso=18 de octobre de 2026 |editor=Valencia Plaza}}</ref> == Historia e origines == Le origine de Agenda Valenciana es ligate al trajectoria del societate civil e juridic valencian in favor del autogovernio foral. Su principal promotor es [[José Ramón Chirivella]], jurista qui presideva durante plus de un decennio le [[Association de Juristas Valencianos]] (AJV). Chirivella dimitteva de su cargo in le association in octobre de 2026 pro promover iste initiative politic e capitanear le lista al Congresso del Deputatos, post haber constatate le blocada e le absentia de voluntate del grande partitos national in [[Madrid]] pro tractar le reforma constitutional que permitterea le reintegration effective del derecto civil foral valencian.<ref name="alicanteplaza">{{Ref-web |url=https://alicanteplaza.es/alicanteplaza/comunitat-valenciana/el-lider-de-juristes-dimite-para-impulsar-una-candidatura-valencianista-al-congreso-y-al-senado |título=Le dirigente de Juristes dimitte pro promover un candidatura valencianista al Congresso e al Senato |fechaacceso=18 de octobre de 2026 |editor=Alicante Plaza}}</ref> Insieme con Chirivella, le professor de derecto processual e, usque a ille momento, vice-presidente de Juristes Valencians, [[José Bonet]], assumeva le direction del candidatura al Senato de Espania. Le lista include le participation de professionales del campos juridic, civic e academic, como le advocata Pilar Marco (defensora del custodia compartite) e le philologo Abelard Saragossà.<ref name="valenciaplaza" /> == Linea politic e revendicationes == Agenda Valenciana propone un action politic concentrate exclusivemente sur le agenda valencian e le solution de su problemas structural: * '''Recuperation del derecto civil valencian''': Exigentia de un reforma punctualmente limitate del Constitution espaniol pro restituir le capacitate legislative civil valencian recogite in le [[Statuto de Autonomia del Communitate Valencian|Statuto de Autonomia]], que habeva essite annullate per le Tribunal Constitutional espaniol. * '''Financiation juste e remission del debito historic''': Reforma immediate del systema de financiation autonomic pro poner fin al discrimination financiari chronic que suffre le territorio valencian, accompaniate per un compensation o remission del debito historic causate per iste infrafinanciation. * '''Infrastructure strategic e reconstruction post-DANA''': Execution de investitiones statal prioritari, como le Corridor Mediterranee, e de un plano integral de obras hydraulic e adjutas directe pro le reconstruction del municipios affectate per le catastrophe del DANA de 2024. * '''Sovereignitate in le prise de decisiones''': Ruptura con le dynamica de subordination del deputatos valencian al directiones central del partitos como le [[Partito Popular]], le [[Partito Socialista Laborista Espaniol|PSOE]] o [[Movimento Sumar]], prioritariisante sempre le voto in defension del citatanos valencian. == Referentias == <references/> == Vide etiam == * [[Circumscription electoral de Valencia]] * [[Derecto foral valencian]] * [[Valencianismo]] [[Categoria:Partitos politic del Communitate Valencian]] [[Categoria:Valencianismo]] rb322ipgkkc57kdsdyh7rwimrhbh1v2 0 62384 704910 2026-10-20T09:18:35Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina redirigite verso [[Israel]] 704910 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Israel]] 11x94mrd9avevebiar29wxv4m21bl1l 14 62385 704912 2026-10-20T09:22:32Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “[[Categoria:Communitate Valencian]] [[Categoria:Partitos politic de Espania]]” 704912 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Communitate Valencian]] [[Categoria:Partitos politic de Espania]] t646b75n8osi5bpe7601uw70hjyoucu 0 62386 704914 2026-10-20T09:55:12Z Interlingvisto 60932 Pagina create con “{{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''khomeinismo''' es un doctrina politic e religiose associate al pensata e al activitate de [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], le clerico chiita qui dirigiva le [[Revolution Iranian]] de 1978–1979 e deveniva le prime Guida Supreme del [[Republica Islamic de Iran]]. Le termino designa le insimul de ideas religiose, politic e institutional associate a Khomeini, assi como le ideologia que ha influentiate le structura e le governamento del Republic...” 704914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''khomeinismo''' es un doctrina politic e religiose associate al pensata e al activitate de [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], le clerico chiita qui dirigiva le [[Revolution Iranian]] de 1978–1979 e deveniva le prime Guida Supreme del [[Republica Islamic de Iran]]. Le termino designa le insimul de ideas religiose, politic e institutional associate a Khomeini, assi como le ideologia que ha influentiate le structura e le governamento del Republica Islamic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le principio central del doctrina es *velayat-e faqih*, traducite como «tutela del jurista islamic». Secundo le interpretation de Khomeini, durante le occultation del [[Imam Duodecime]], le juristas islamic qualificate debe exercer un rolo directemente politic in le governamento. Iste conception deveniva un fundamento del constitution del Republica Islamic adoptate in 1979. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le khomeinismo combina le autoritate del clericato, le application del interpretation del lege islamic, le opposition al domination exterior e un discurso super le independentia national e le justitia social. Le interpretation del doctrina varia inter le studiosos: aliquos pone le emphase super su dimension religiose e institutional, durante que alteres sublinea su character populista e su capacitate de mobilisar sectores social diverse. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Origines e disveloppamento == Le origines del khomeinismo se trova in le pensata religiose e politic de Khomeini e in su opposition al monarchia del shah [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]]. Durante le annos 1960, Khomeini criticava le politica del governamento, le influentia del Statos Unite e le reformas que ille considerava incompatibile con le principios islamic. Su opposition duceva a su arresto e, in 1964, al exilio. Durante su exilio in [[Najaf]], Irak, Khomeini disveloppava su interpretation del governamento islamic. In 1970, ille presentava un serie de conferentias super le governamento del jurista, posteriormente publicate sub le titulo *Hokumat-e eslami* («Governamento islamic»). In iste obra, ille argumentava que le juristas islamic non debeva limitar se al interpretation del lege religiose, ma debeva exercer le autoritate necessari pro governar le societate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le doctrina representava un modification importante de certe interpretationes del tradition politic chiita. Aliquos clericos habeva defendite un position plus quietista, in le qual le autoritate religiose non implicava necessariemente le governamento directe del Stato. Khomeini, al contrario, defendiva le necessitate de un governamento islamic sub le autoritate de juristas qualificate durante le absentia del Imam occultate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le Revolution Iranian de 1978–1979, Khomeini deveniva le figura central de un coalition que reuniva clericos, mercatores del bazar, sectores del classe media, laboratores, intellectuales e altere oppositores del shah. Le participantes non habeva tote le mesme objectivos politic, ma convergeva in le opposition al monarchia. Post le cadita del shah in 1979, Khomeini retornava a Iran e assumeva un rolo central in le construction del nove regime. Le Republica Islamic esseva proclamate post un referendum, e le constitution adoptate in 1979 incorporava le principio de *velayat-e faqih* in le structura del Stato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Principios fundamental == === Velayat-e faqih === Le *velayat-e faqih* es le concepto central del khomeinismo. Le expression significa le autoritate o tutela del jurista islamic. Khomeini argumentava que un jurista qualificate debe poter exercer le governamento durante le occultation del Imam Duodecime, interpretando e applicante le principios del lege islamic. In iste interpretation, le jurista superior non es semplicemente un consiliero spiritual: ille pote exercitar autoritate super le institutiones del Stato e participar directemente in le direction politic. Le doctrina deveniva un principio constitutional del Republica Islamic e establi le fundamento del position del Guida Supreme. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/shiite-doctrine-ii-hierarchy-emamiya/ |titulo=Shiʿite Doctrine ii. Hierarchy in the Imamiyya |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le interpretation de Khomeini del *velayat-e faqih* non es universalmente acceptate per le clericato chiita. Le opiniones differe super le extension del autoritate politic que debe esser exercite per un jurista, e super le question de si un singule jurista debe haber le suprematia super le insimul del Stato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/velayat-e-faqih |titulo=Velayat-e Faqih |sitioweb=Encyclopedia.com |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Governamento islamic === Le khomeinismo considera le Islam como un fonte fundamental del lege e del organisation politic. Le Stato debe, secundo iste conception, proteger le religion, applicar le principios del lege islamic e impedir que le governamento sia subordinate al interesses de potentias exterior. Khomeini rejectava le monarchia como forma de governamento legitime e defendiva un republica basate super principios islamic. Le constitution de 1979 combina institutiones elective, como le presidentia e le parlamento, con institutiones religiose e un Guida Supreme dotate de competentias superior. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le combination de institutiones elective e autoritate clerical es un characteristica central del systema. Le interpretation official del principios islamic e le limites del participation politic es definite per le constitution e per le institutiones que lo applica. === Independentia national e opposition al domination exterior === Le khomeinismo attribue grande importantia al independentia national e al opposition al influentia politic e economic de potentias exterior. Khomeini presentava le intervention exterior e le dependentia politic como menacias al soveranitate de Iran e al autonomia del societate islamic. Le opposition al influentia del Statos Unite deveniva un elemento importante del discurso del Revolution Iranian e del politica exterior del Republica Islamic. Le relationes con le Statos Unite e Israel deveniva assi elementos central del orientation international del nove regime. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Justitia social e populismo === Le discurso del khomeinismo include appellos al defensa del povres e del gruppos considerate socialmente disfavorisate. Le rhetorica revolutionari opponeva le sectores popular al elites associate al monarchia e al influentia exterior. Le historiador Ervand Abrahamian interpreta le movimento de Khomeini como un forma de populismo politic, in le qual un discurso contra le elites e le dependentia exterior permitteva mobilisar sectores social diverse. Secundo iste analyse, le rhetorica social del khomeinismo non correspondeva necessariemente a un programma economic integralmente socialiste: Khomeini acceptava tamben le existentia del proprietate private e del activitate economic private intra le quadro del Republica Islamic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le interpretation populista es un del approches academic al khomeinismo, ma non es le sol. Altere analyses pone plus de emphase super su doctrina religiose, le transformation del autoritate clerical o le institutionalisation del governamento theocratic. == Relation con le Revolution Iranian == Le Revolution Iranian de 1979 esseva le evento que permitteva al ideas de Khomeini devenir le fundamento de un Stato. Le revolution habeva origines diverse, includente le opposition al autoritarismo del shah, le insatisfaction economic, le reaction contra le influentia exterior e le participation de sectores religiose e secular. Khomeini deveniva le figura dominante del revolution e usava su autoritate religiose e su capacitate de mobilisar le population pro orientar le formation del nove regime. Le constitution final incorporava le principio de *velayat-e faqih*, conferente al Guida Supreme un rolo central in le systema politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Post le revolution, le regime restringeva le activitate de partes del opposition politic e religiose. Le autoritate clerical assumeva un rolo dominante in le elaboration del politica public, e le institutiones del Republica Islamic deveniva le instrumentos principal pro institutionalisar le ideas del khomeinismo. == Relation con le institutiones del Republica Islamic == Le khomeinismo es incorporate in le structura institutional del Republica Islamic de Iran. Le Guida Supreme ha competentias superior in materia de defensa, securitate, direction general del Stato e nomination de responsabiles de institutiones importante. Le constitution establi tamben un Consilio del Guardianes, que examina le legislation approbate per le parlamento pro determinar si illo es compatibile con le constitution e le interpretation official del lege islamic. Le Consilio del Expertos es incarricate de designar le Guida Supreme e ha, secundo le constitution, le poter de remover le titular si le conditiones constitutional non es plus satisfacite. Le presidentia e le parlamento es eligite, ma lor activitate se exerce intra un quadro in le qual le institutiones religiose e le Guida Supreme ha poter substantial. Le relation inter institutiones elective e non elective es un elemento central del debatte super le character del systema politic iranian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/how-does-irans-system-power-work-2026-01-30/ |titulo=How does Iran's system of power work? |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=30 de januario 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Politica exterior == Le khomeinismo influentiava le politica exterior de Iran, specialmente su opposition al domination exterior e su supporto a movimentos que le regime considera parte del resistentia contra Israel e le influentia statounitese in le Medio Oriente. Le supporto iranian a organisationes como Hezbollah in Libano deveniva un elemento importante del politica regional del Republica Islamic. Le discurso official includeva tamben le supporto al causa palestinese e le opposition al recognition de Israel. Le relationes con altere paises e movimentos variava secundo le circumstantias politic e strategic. Le interpretation del khomeinismo in le politica exterior non ha essite identic in tote le periodos del Republica Islamic, e le dirigentes successive ha adaptate su application a interesses e conditiones differente. == Societate, cultura e lege == Le khomeinismo attribue al Stato le responsabilitate de promover un societate conforme al valores islamic. In le Republica Islamic, iste orientation se reflecte in le legislation concernente le comportamento public, le vestimentos, le medios de communication e le relation inter religion e politica. Le institutiones del Republica Islamic ha mantenite regulas que affecta le libertates individual e le participation politic. Le restrictiones super le opposition politic, le associationes secular e certe formas de expression public ha essite objecto de criticas per gruppos iranian e organisationes international de derectos human. Le supportatores del systema presenta le integration del lege islamic in le governamento como un expression del identitate religiose e del independentia national. Le criticos argumenta que le autoritate clerical e le limites al competition politic restringe le pluralismo e le derectos individual. Iste evaluationes reflecte debattes politic e juridic super le natura del Republica Islamic. == Criticas e controversias == Le khomeinismo ha essite criticate pro su conception del autoritate politic, specialmente per le principio que un jurista religiose debe poter exercitar un autoritate superior super le institutiones elective. Le criticos considera que iste modelo concentra le poter e reduce le possibilitate de alternantia politic. Altere criticas concerne le application del lege islamic, le restrictiones al libertate de expression e association, le tractamento del opposition e le rolo del institutiones religiose in le selection del candidatos electoral. Le supportatores del khomeinismo defende le doctrina como un systema que protege le identitate islamic, le independentia national e le justitia social. Le differente interpretationes del doctrina e le experientia del Republica Islamic ha alimentate le debatte super su relation con le religion, le democratia e le derectos human. == Evolution post le morte de Khomeini == Post le morte de Khomeini in 1989, le khomeinismo remaneva un referentia central del legitimitate del Republica Islamic. Le dirigentes successive invocava su ideas e su memoria pro justificar lor orientationes politic e institutional. Nonobstante, le interpretation del doctrina cambiava con le evolution del societate iranian e del situation international. Le relation inter le institutiones clerical, le governamento elective, le [[Guardias Revolutionari Islamic]] e le sectores social deveniva un elemento importante del politica iranian contemporanee. Le khomeinismo non debe dunque esser comprehendite como un programma immutabile. Su ideas esseva reinterpretate in differente periodos e lor application dependeva del relationes de poter, del conditiones economic e del conflictos regional. == Influentia e legato == Le khomeinismo ha habite un influentia durabile super le politica e le institutiones de Iran. Su principal contribution es le institutionalisation del principio de *velayat-e faqih* in un republica que combina elementos elective con autoritate clerical superior. Le doctrina ha influentiate etiam movimentos chiita e actores politic in altere paises, specialmente in Libano e Irak, ben que le reception del ideas de Khomeini varia considerabilemente inter le differente contextos national e religiose. Le legato del khomeinismo es objecto de interpretationes diverse. Pro su adherentes, illo representa le independentia national e le governamento conforme al Islam; pro su criticos, illo es associate al concentration del poter, al restrictiones politic e al subordination del institutiones elective al autoritate clerical. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini/ |titulo=Khomeini |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/shiite-doctrine-ii-hierarchy-emamiya/ |titulo=Shiʿite Doctrine ii. Hierarchy in the Imamiyya |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/critical-introduction-to-khomeini/rise-of-khomeinism/19FFC1A39D1496C9101C88BD249A5D22 |titulo=The Rise of Khomeinism |sitioweb=Cambridge University Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/how-does-irans-system-power-work-2026-01-30/ |titulo=How does Iran's system of power work? |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=30 de januario 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Ideologies politic]] [[Categoria:Historia de Iran]] [[Categoria:Islam chiita]] [[Categoria:Ruhollah Khomeini]] 20ngqykzgobqlhroymci6fi3lnxink6 704916 704914 2026-10-20T09:55:55Z Interlingvisto 60932 704916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''khomeinismo'''{{linfo}} es un doctrina politic e religiose associate al pensata e al activitate de [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], le clerico chiita qui dirigiva le [[Revolution Iranian]] de 1978–1979 e deveniva le prime Guida Supreme del [[Republica Islamic de Iran]]. Le termino designa le insimul de ideas religiose, politic e institutional associate a Khomeini, assi como le ideologia que ha influentiate le structura e le governamento del Republica Islamic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le principio central del doctrina es *velayat-e faqih*, traducite como «tutela del jurista islamic». Secundo le interpretation de Khomeini, durante le occultation del [[Imam Duodecime]], le juristas islamic qualificate debe exercer un rolo directemente politic in le governamento. Iste conception deveniva un fundamento del constitution del Republica Islamic adoptate in 1979. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le khomeinismo combina le autoritate del clericato, le application del interpretation del lege islamic, le opposition al domination exterior e un discurso super le independentia national e le justitia social. Le interpretation del doctrina varia inter le studiosos: aliquos pone le emphase super su dimension religiose e institutional, durante que alteres sublinea su character populista e su capacitate de mobilisar sectores social diverse. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Origines e disveloppamento == Le origines del khomeinismo se trova in le pensata religiose e politic de Khomeini e in su opposition al monarchia del shah [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]]. Durante le annos 1960, Khomeini criticava le politica del governamento, le influentia del Statos Unite e le reformas que ille considerava incompatibile con le principios islamic. Su opposition duceva a su arresto e, in 1964, al exilio. Durante su exilio in [[Najaf]], Irak, Khomeini disveloppava su interpretation del governamento islamic. In 1970, ille presentava un serie de conferentias super le governamento del jurista, posteriormente publicate sub le titulo *Hokumat-e eslami* («Governamento islamic»). In iste obra, ille argumentava que le juristas islamic non debeva limitar se al interpretation del lege religiose, ma debeva exercer le autoritate necessari pro governar le societate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le doctrina representava un modification importante de certe interpretationes del tradition politic chiita. Aliquos clericos habeva defendite un position plus quietista, in le qual le autoritate religiose non implicava necessariemente le governamento directe del Stato. Khomeini, al contrario, defendiva le necessitate de un governamento islamic sub le autoritate de juristas qualificate durante le absentia del Imam occultate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le Revolution Iranian de 1978–1979, Khomeini deveniva le figura central de un coalition que reuniva clericos, mercatores del bazar, sectores del classe media, laboratores, intellectuales e altere oppositores del shah. Le participantes non habeva tote le mesme objectivos politic, ma convergeva in le opposition al monarchia. Post le cadita del shah in 1979, Khomeini retornava a Iran e assumeva un rolo central in le construction del nove regime. Le Republica Islamic esseva proclamate post un referendum, e le constitution adoptate in 1979 incorporava le principio de *velayat-e faqih* in le structura del Stato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Principios fundamental == === Velayat-e faqih === Le *velayat-e faqih* es le concepto central del khomeinismo. Le expression significa le autoritate o tutela del jurista islamic. Khomeini argumentava que un jurista qualificate debe poter exercer le governamento durante le occultation del Imam Duodecime, interpretando e applicante le principios del lege islamic. In iste interpretation, le jurista superior non es semplicemente un consiliero spiritual: ille pote exercitar autoritate super le institutiones del Stato e participar directemente in le direction politic. Le doctrina deveniva un principio constitutional del Republica Islamic e establi le fundamento del position del Guida Supreme. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/shiite-doctrine-ii-hierarchy-emamiya/ |titulo=Shiʿite Doctrine ii. Hierarchy in the Imamiyya |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le interpretation de Khomeini del *velayat-e faqih* non es universalmente acceptate per le clericato chiita. Le opiniones differe super le extension del autoritate politic que debe esser exercite per un jurista, e super le question de si un singule jurista debe haber le suprematia super le insimul del Stato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/velayat-e-faqih |titulo=Velayat-e Faqih |sitioweb=Encyclopedia.com |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Governamento islamic === Le khomeinismo considera le Islam como un fonte fundamental del lege e del organisation politic. Le Stato debe, secundo iste conception, proteger le religion, applicar le principios del lege islamic e impedir que le governamento sia subordinate al interesses de potentias exterior. Khomeini rejectava le monarchia como forma de governamento legitime e defendiva un republica basate super principios islamic. Le constitution de 1979 combina institutiones elective, como le presidentia e le parlamento, con institutiones religiose e un Guida Supreme dotate de competentias superior. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le combination de institutiones elective e autoritate clerical es un characteristica central del systema. Le interpretation official del principios islamic e le limites del participation politic es definite per le constitution e per le institutiones que lo applica. === Independentia national e opposition al domination exterior === Le khomeinismo attribue grande importantia al independentia national e al opposition al influentia politic e economic de potentias exterior. Khomeini presentava le intervention exterior e le dependentia politic como menacias al soveranitate de Iran e al autonomia del societate islamic. Le opposition al influentia del Statos Unite deveniva un elemento importante del discurso del Revolution Iranian e del politica exterior del Republica Islamic. Le relationes con le Statos Unite e Israel deveniva assi elementos central del orientation international del nove regime. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Justitia social e populismo === Le discurso del khomeinismo include appellos al defensa del povres e del gruppos considerate socialmente disfavorisate. Le rhetorica revolutionari opponeva le sectores popular al elites associate al monarchia e al influentia exterior. Le historiador Ervand Abrahamian interpreta le movimento de Khomeini como un forma de populismo politic, in le qual un discurso contra le elites e le dependentia exterior permitteva mobilisar sectores social diverse. Secundo iste analyse, le rhetorica social del khomeinismo non correspondeva necessariemente a un programma economic integralmente socialiste: Khomeini acceptava tamben le existentia del proprietate private e del activitate economic private intra le quadro del Republica Islamic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le interpretation populista es un del approches academic al khomeinismo, ma non es le sol. Altere analyses pone plus de emphase super su doctrina religiose, le transformation del autoritate clerical o le institutionalisation del governamento theocratic. == Relation con le Revolution Iranian == Le Revolution Iranian de 1979 esseva le evento que permitteva al ideas de Khomeini devenir le fundamento de un Stato. Le revolution habeva origines diverse, includente le opposition al autoritarismo del shah, le insatisfaction economic, le reaction contra le influentia exterior e le participation de sectores religiose e secular. Khomeini deveniva le figura dominante del revolution e usava su autoritate religiose e su capacitate de mobilisar le population pro orientar le formation del nove regime. Le constitution final incorporava le principio de *velayat-e faqih*, conferente al Guida Supreme un rolo central in le systema politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Post le revolution, le regime restringeva le activitate de partes del opposition politic e religiose. Le autoritate clerical assumeva un rolo dominante in le elaboration del politica public, e le institutiones del Republica Islamic deveniva le instrumentos principal pro institutionalisar le ideas del khomeinismo. == Relation con le institutiones del Republica Islamic == Le khomeinismo es incorporate in le structura institutional del Republica Islamic de Iran. Le Guida Supreme ha competentias superior in materia de defensa, securitate, direction general del Stato e nomination de responsabiles de institutiones importante. Le constitution establi tamben un Consilio del Guardianes, que examina le legislation approbate per le parlamento pro determinar si illo es compatibile con le constitution e le interpretation official del lege islamic. Le Consilio del Expertos es incarricate de designar le Guida Supreme e ha, secundo le constitution, le poter de remover le titular si le conditiones constitutional non es plus satisfacite. Le presidentia e le parlamento es eligite, ma lor activitate se exerce intra un quadro in le qual le institutiones religiose e le Guida Supreme ha poter substantial. Le relation inter institutiones elective e non elective es un elemento central del debatte super le character del systema politic iranian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/how-does-irans-system-power-work-2026-01-30/ |titulo=How does Iran's system of power work? |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=30 de januario 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Politica exterior == Le khomeinismo influentiava le politica exterior de Iran, specialmente su opposition al domination exterior e su supporto a movimentos que le regime considera parte del resistentia contra Israel e le influentia statounitese in le Medio Oriente. Le supporto iranian a organisationes como Hezbollah in Libano deveniva un elemento importante del politica regional del Republica Islamic. Le discurso official includeva tamben le supporto al causa palestinese e le opposition al recognition de Israel. Le relationes con altere paises e movimentos variava secundo le circumstantias politic e strategic. Le interpretation del khomeinismo in le politica exterior non ha essite identic in tote le periodos del Republica Islamic, e le dirigentes successive ha adaptate su application a interesses e conditiones differente. == Societate, cultura e lege == Le khomeinismo attribue al Stato le responsabilitate de promover un societate conforme al valores islamic. In le Republica Islamic, iste orientation se reflecte in le legislation concernente le comportamento public, le vestimentos, le medios de communication e le relation inter religion e politica. Le institutiones del Republica Islamic ha mantenite regulas que affecta le libertates individual e le participation politic. Le restrictiones super le opposition politic, le associationes secular e certe formas de expression public ha essite objecto de criticas per gruppos iranian e organisationes international de derectos human. Le supportatores del systema presenta le integration del lege islamic in le governamento como un expression del identitate religiose e del independentia national. Le criticos argumenta que le autoritate clerical e le limites al competition politic restringe le pluralismo e le derectos individual. Iste evaluationes reflecte debattes politic e juridic super le natura del Republica Islamic. == Criticas e controversias == Le khomeinismo ha essite criticate pro su conception del autoritate politic, specialmente per le principio que un jurista religiose debe poter exercitar un autoritate superior super le institutiones elective. Le criticos considera que iste modelo concentra le poter e reduce le possibilitate de alternantia politic. Altere criticas concerne le application del lege islamic, le restrictiones al libertate de expression e association, le tractamento del opposition e le rolo del institutiones religiose in le selection del candidatos electoral. Le supportatores del khomeinismo defende le doctrina como un systema que protege le identitate islamic, le independentia national e le justitia social. Le differente interpretationes del doctrina e le experientia del Republica Islamic ha alimentate le debatte super su relation con le religion, le democratia e le derectos human. == Evolution post le morte de Khomeini == Post le morte de Khomeini in 1989, le khomeinismo remaneva un referentia central del legitimitate del Republica Islamic. Le dirigentes successive invocava su ideas e su memoria pro justificar lor orientationes politic e institutional. Nonobstante, le interpretation del doctrina cambiava con le evolution del societate iranian e del situation international. Le relation inter le institutiones clerical, le governamento elective, le [[Guardias Revolutionari Islamic]] e le sectores social deveniva un elemento importante del politica iranian contemporanee. Le khomeinismo non debe dunque esser comprehendite como un programma immutabile. Su ideas esseva reinterpretate in differente periodos e lor application dependeva del relationes de poter, del conditiones economic e del conflictos regional. == Influentia e legato == Le khomeinismo ha habite un influentia durabile super le politica e le institutiones de Iran. Su principal contribution es le institutionalisation del principio de *velayat-e faqih* in un republica que combina elementos elective con autoritate clerical superior. Le doctrina ha influentiate etiam movimentos chiita e actores politic in altere paises, specialmente in Libano e Irak, ben que le reception del ideas de Khomeini varia considerabilemente inter le differente contextos national e religiose. Le legato del khomeinismo es objecto de interpretationes diverse. Pro su adherentes, illo representa le independentia national e le governamento conforme al Islam; pro su criticos, illo es associate al concentration del poter, al restrictiones politic e al subordination del institutiones elective al autoritate clerical. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini/ |titulo=Khomeini |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/shiite-doctrine-ii-hierarchy-emamiya/ |titulo=Shiʿite Doctrine ii. Hierarchy in the Imamiyya |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/critical-introduction-to-khomeini/rise-of-khomeinism/19FFC1A39D1496C9101C88BD249A5D22 |titulo=The Rise of Khomeinism |sitioweb=Cambridge University Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/how-does-irans-system-power-work-2026-01-30/ |titulo=How does Iran's system of power work? |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=30 de januario 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Ideologies politic]] [[Categoria:Historia de Iran]] [[Categoria:Islam chiita]] [[Categoria:Ruhollah Khomeini]] 3ddm8pa8o8yihwvtdlienyqn4ef1m9k 704917 704916 2026-10-20T10:14:11Z Interlingvisto 60932 704917 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/generic}} Le '''khomeinismo'''{{linfo}} es un doctrina politic e religiose associate al pensata e al activitate de [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], le clerico chiita qui dirigiva le [[Revolution Iranian]] de 1978–1979 e deveniva le prime Guida Supreme del [[Republica Islamic de Iran]]. Le termino designa le insimul de ideas religiose, politic e institutional associate a Khomeini, assi como le ideologia que ha influentiate le structura e le governamento del Republica Islamic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le principio central del doctrina es ''velayat-e faqih'', traducite como «tutela del jurista islamic». Secundo le interpretation de Khomeini, durante le occultation del [[Imam Duodecime]], le juristas islamic qualificate debe exercer un rolo directemente politic in le governamento. Iste conception deveniva un fundamento del constitution del Republica Islamic adoptate in 1979. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le khomeinismo combina le autoritate del clericato, le application del interpretation del lege islamic, le opposition al domination exterior e un discurso super le independentia national e le justitia social. Le interpretation del doctrina varia inter le studiosos: aliquos pone le emphase super su dimension religiose e institutional, durante que alteres sublinea su character populista e su capacitate de mobilisar sectores social diverse. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Origines e disveloppamento == Le origines del khomeinismo se trova in le pensata religiose e politic de Khomeini e in su opposition al monarchia del shah [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]]. Durante le annos 1960, Khomeini criticava le politica del governamento, le influentia del Statos Unite e le reformas que ille considerava incompatibile con le principios islamic. Su opposition duceva a su arresto e, in 1964, al exilio. Durante su exilio in [[Najaf]], Irak, Khomeini disveloppava su interpretation del governamento islamic. In 1970, ille presentava un serie de conferentias super le governamento del jurista, posteriormente publicate sub le titulo ''Hokumat-e eslami'' («Governamento islamic»). In iste obra, ille argumentava que le juristas islamic non debeva limitar se al interpretation del lege religiose, ma debeva exercer le autoritate necessari pro governar le societate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le doctrina representava un modification importante de certe interpretationes del tradition politic chiita. Aliquos clericos habeva defendite un position plus quietista, in le qual le autoritate religiose non implicava necessariemente le governamento directe del Stato. Khomeini, al contrario, defendiva le necessitate de un governamento islamic sub le autoritate de juristas qualificate durante le absentia del Imam occultate. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Durante le Revolution Iranian de 1978–1979, Khomeini deveniva le figura central de un coalition que reuniva clericos, mercatores del bazar, sectores del classe media, laboratores, intellectuales e altere oppositores del shah. Le participantes non habeva tote le mesme objectivos politic, ma convergeva in le opposition al monarchia. Post le cadita del shah in 1979, Khomeini retornava a Iran e assumeva un rolo central in le construction del nove regime. Le Republica Islamic esseva proclamate post un referendum, e le constitution adoptate in 1979 incorporava le principio de ''velayat-e faqih'' in le structura del Stato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Principios fundamental == === ''Velayat-e faqih'' === Le ''velayat-e faqih'' es le concepto central del khomeinismo. Le expression significa le autoritate o tutela del jurista islamic. Khomeini argumentava que un jurista qualificate debe poter exercer le governamento durante le occultation del Imam Duodecime, interpretando e applicante le principios del lege islamic. In iste interpretation, le jurista superior non es semplicemente un consiliero spiritual: ille pote exercitar autoritate super le institutiones del Stato e participar directemente in le direction politic. Le doctrina deveniva un principio constitutional del Republica Islamic e establi le fundamento del position del Guida Supreme. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/shiite-doctrine-ii-hierarchy-emamiya/ |titulo=Shiʿite Doctrine ii. Hierarchy in the Imamiyya |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le interpretation de Khomeini del ''velayat-e faqih'' non es universalmente acceptate per le clericato chiita. Le opiniones differe super le extension del autoritate politic que debe esser exercite per un jurista, e super le question de si un singule jurista debe haber le suprematia super le insimul del Stato. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/velayat-e-faqih |titulo=Velayat-e Faqih |sitioweb=Encyclopedia.com |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Governamento islamic === Le khomeinismo considera le Islam como un fonte fundamental del lege e del organisation politic. Le Stato debe, secundo iste conception, proteger le religion, applicar le principios del lege islamic e impedir que le governamento sia subordinate al interesses de potentias exterior. Khomeini rejectava le monarchia como forma de governamento legitime e defendiva un republica basate super principios islamic. Le constitution de 1979 combina institutiones elective, como le presidentia e le parlamento, con institutiones religiose e un Guida Supreme dotate de competentias superior. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le combination de institutiones elective e autoritate clerical es un characteristica central del systema. Le interpretation official del principios islamic e le limites del participation politic es definite per le constitution e per le institutiones que lo applica. === Independentia national e opposition al domination exterior === Le khomeinismo attribue grande importantia al independentia national e al opposition al influentia politic e economic de potentias exterior. Khomeini presentava le intervention exterior e le dependentia politic como menacias al soveranitate de Iran e al autonomia del societate islamic. Le opposition al influentia del Statos Unite deveniva un elemento importante del discurso del Revolution Iranian e del politica exterior del Republica Islamic. Le relationes con le Statos Unite e Israel deveniva assi elementos central del orientation international del nove regime. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> === Justitia social e populismo === Le discurso del khomeinismo include appellos al defensa del povres e del gruppos considerate socialmente disfavorisate. Le rhetorica revolutionari opponeva le sectores popular al elites associate al monarchia e al influentia exterior. Le historiador Ervand Abrahamian interpreta le movimento de Khomeini como un forma de populismo politic, in le qual un discurso contra le elites e le dependentia exterior permitteva mobilisar sectores social diverse. Secundo iste analyse, le rhetorica social del khomeinismo non correspondeva necessariemente a un programma economic integralmente socialiste: Khomeini acceptava tamben le existentia del proprietate private e del activitate economic private intra le quadro del Republica Islamic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Le interpretation populista es un del approches academic al khomeinismo, ma non es le sol. Altere analyses pone plus de emphase super su doctrina religiose, le transformation del autoritate clerical o le institutionalisation del governamento theocratic. == Relation con le Revolution Iranian == Le Revolution Iranian de 1979 esseva le evento que permitteva al ideas de Khomeini devenir le fundamento de un Stato. Le revolution habeva origines diverse, includente le opposition al autoritarismo del shah, le insatisfaction economic, le reaction contra le influentia exterior e le participation de sectores religiose e secular. Khomeini deveniva le figura dominante del revolution e usava su autoritate religiose e su capacitate de mobilisar le population pro orientar le formation del nove regime. Le constitution final incorporava le principio de ''velayat-e faqih'', conferente al Guida Supreme un rolo central in le systema politic. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> Post le revolution, le regime restringeva le activitate de partes del opposition politic e religiose. Le autoritate clerical assumeva un rolo dominante in le elaboration del politica public, e le institutiones del Republica Islamic deveniva le instrumentos principal pro institutionalisar le ideas del khomeinismo. == Relation con le institutiones del Republica Islamic == Le khomeinismo es incorporate in le structura institutional del Republica Islamic de Iran. Le Guida Supreme ha competentias superior in materia de defensa, securitate, direction general del Stato e nomination de responsabiles de institutiones importante. Le constitution establi tamben un Consilio del Guardianes, que examina le legislation approbate per le parlamento pro determinar si illo es compatibile con le constitution e le interpretation official del lege islamic. Le Consilio del Expertos es incarricate de designar le Guida Supreme e ha, secundo le constitution, le poter de remover le titular si le conditiones constitutional non es plus satisfacite. Le presidentia e le parlamento es eligite, ma lor activitate se exerce intra un quadro in le qual le institutiones religiose e le Guida Supreme ha poter substantial. Le relation inter institutiones elective e non elective es un elemento central del debatte super le character del systema politic iranian. <ref>{{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/how-does-irans-system-power-work-2026-01-30/ |titulo=How does Iran's system of power work? |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=30 de januario 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}}</ref> == Politica exterior == Le khomeinismo influentiava le politica exterior de Iran, specialmente su opposition al domination exterior e su supporto a movimentos que le regime considera parte del resistentia contra Israel e le influentia statounitese in le Medio Oriente. Le supporto iranian a organisationes como Hezbollah in Libano deveniva un elemento importante del politica regional del Republica Islamic. Le discurso official includeva tamben le supporto al causa palestinese e le opposition al recognition de Israel. Le relationes con altere paises e movimentos variava secundo le circumstantias politic e strategic. Le interpretation del khomeinismo in le politica exterior non ha essite identic in tote le periodos del Republica Islamic, e le dirigentes successive ha adaptate su application a interesses e conditiones differente. == Societate, cultura e lege == Le khomeinismo attribue al Stato le responsabilitate de promover un societate conforme al valores islamic. In le Republica Islamic, iste orientation se reflecte in le legislation concernente le comportamento public, le vestimentos, le medios de communication e le relation inter religion e politica. Le institutiones del Republica Islamic ha mantenite regulas que affecta le libertates individual e le participation politic. Le restrictiones super le opposition politic, le associationes secular e certe formas de expression public ha essite objecto de criticas per gruppos iranian e organisationes international de derectos human. Le supportatores del systema presenta le integration del lege islamic in le governamento como un expression del identitate religiose e del independentia national. Le criticos argumenta que le autoritate clerical e le limites al competition politic restringe le pluralismo e le derectos individual. Iste evaluationes reflecte debattes politic e juridic super le natura del Republica Islamic. == Criticas e controversias == Le khomeinismo ha essite criticate pro su conception del autoritate politic, specialmente per le principio que un jurista religiose debe poter exercitar un autoritate superior super le institutiones elective. Le criticos considera que iste modelo concentra le poter e reduce le possibilitate de alternantia politic. Altere criticas concerne le application del lege islamic, le restrictiones al libertate de expression e association, le tractamento del opposition e le rolo del institutiones religiose in le selection del candidatos electoral. Le supportatores del khomeinismo defende le doctrina como un systema que protege le identitate islamic, le independentia national e le justitia social. Le differente interpretationes del doctrina e le experientia del Republica Islamic ha alimentate le debatte super su relation con le religion, le democratia e le derectos human. == Evolution post le morte de Khomeini == Post le morte de Khomeini in 1989, le khomeinismo remaneva un referentia central del legitimitate del Republica Islamic. Le dirigentes successive invocava su ideas e su memoria pro justificar lor orientationes politic e institutional. Nonobstante, le interpretation del doctrina cambiava con le evolution del societate iranian e del situation international. Le relation inter le institutiones clerical, le governamento elective, le [[Guardias Revolutionari Islamic]] e le sectores social deveniva un elemento importante del politica iranian contemporanee. Le khomeinismo non debe dunque esser comprehendite como un programma immutabile. Su ideas esseva reinterpretate in differente periodos e lor application dependeva del relationes de poter, del conditiones economic e del conflictos regional. == Influentia e legato == Le khomeinismo ha habite un influentia durabile super le politica e le institutiones de Iran. Su principal contribution es le institutionalisation del principio de ''velayat-e faqih'' in un republica que combina elementos elective con autoritate clerical superior. Le doctrina ha influentiate etiam movimentos chiita e actores politic in altere paises, specialmente in Libano e Irak, ben que le reception del ideas de Khomeini varia considerabilemente inter le differente contextos national e religiose. Le legato del khomeinismo es objecto de interpretationes diverse. Pro su adherentes, illo representa le independentia national e le governamento conforme al Islam; pro su criticos, illo es associate al concentration del poter, al restrictiones politic e al subordination del institutiones elective al autoritate clerical. {{Ref}} == Ligamines externe == * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini/ |titulo=Khomeini |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khomeini-i-life/ |titulo=Khomeini i. Life |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/constitution-of-the-islamic-republic/ |titulo=Constitution of the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/shiite-doctrine-ii-hierarchy-emamiya/ |titulo=Shiʿite Doctrine ii. Hierarchy in the Imamiyya |sitioweb=Encyclopaedia Iranica |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/critical-introduction-to-khomeini/rise-of-khomeinism/19FFC1A39D1496C9101C88BD249A5D22 |titulo=The Rise of Khomeinism |sitioweb=Cambridge University Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520085039/khomeinism |titulo=Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic |sitioweb=University of California Press |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} * {{Cita web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/how-does-irans-system-power-work-2026-01-30/ |titulo=How does Iran's system of power work? |sitioweb=Reuters |fecha=30 de januario 2026 |accesso=20 de octobre 2026}} [[Categoria:Ideologies politic]] [[Categoria:Historia de Iran]] [[Categoria:Islam chiita]] [[Categoria:Ruhollah Khomeini]] cl8objytnm48sgiti0u738tt9tbbkrt