Pakan

Wikipedia ibawiki https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambar_Keterubah MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.18 first-letter Media Spesyel Randau Penggena Randau penggena Wikipedia Randau Wikipedia Fail Randau fail MediaWiki Randau MediaWiki Templat Randau templat Bantu Randau bantu Kategori Randau kategori TimedText TimedText talk Modul Randau modul Acara Perbincangan acara Pakan 0 1853 19735 18397 2026-09-07T04:24:17Z Song GK 9 /* Etimologi */ 19735 wikitext text/x-wiki {{for|sitak DUN ti diarika ba Dewan Undangan Negeri Sarawak .|Pakan (sitak DUN)}} {{EngvarB|date=September 2017}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}} {{Infobox settlement | official_name = Pakan | settlement_type = Town and [[List of capitals in Malaysia#District capitals|district capital]] | translit_lang1 = Other | translit_lang1_type1 = [[Simplified Chinese character|Chinese]] | translit_lang1_info1 = 巴干 | nickname = | motto = | image_skyline = Replica of Buah Pakan at Pakan Entabai road.jpg | image_caption = Repelika Buah Pakan ba Pasar Pakan | image_seal = | seal_type = | pushpin_map = Malaysia East | pushpin_label_position = top | pushpin_map_caption = Alai ba Borneo | coordinates = {{coord|1|52|00|N|111|41|00|E|region:MY|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Menua | subdivision_name = {{flag|Malaysia}} | subdivision_type1 = [[States and federal territories of Malaysia|State]] | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Sarawak}} | subdivision_type2 = Pelilih | subdivision_name2 = [[Sarikei Division|Sarikei]] | subdivision_type3 = Pelilih | subdivision_name3 = [[Pakan District|Pakan]] | established_title = | established_date = | established_title1 = | established_date1 = | established_title2 = | established_date2 = | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = District Officer | leader_name = En. Seroji Bin Ludin (2017-Now) | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | total_type = | area_footnotes = <ref name=PakanArea>{{cite web |url=https://sarikei.sarawak.gov.my/page-0-395-250-Profail-Daerah-Pakan.html|title= Profail Daerah Pakan|publisher= The Official Website of Sarikei Divisional Administration|access-date=3 August 2020}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 924.6 | population_total = 15,462 | population_as_of = 2020<ref name=Census2020>[https://cloud.stats.gov.my/index.php/s/ppMYkLC4kyUzHKn#pdfviewer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228142122/https://cloud.stats.gov.my/index.php/s/ppMYkLC4kyUzHKn#pdfviewer |date=28 February 2022 }}, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, Retrieved 28 February 2022</ref> | population_density_km2 = 16 | population_density_sq_mi =  | timezone1 = [[Time in Malaysia|MST]] | utc_offset1 = +08:00 | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in Malaysia|Postal code]] | postal_code = 96xxx | blank_name = [[Telephone numbers in Malaysia|Area code(s)]] | blank_info = | blank1_name = [[Vehicle registration plates of Malaysia|Vehicle registration]] | blank1_info = | website = {{URL|http://www.sarikei.sarawak.gov.my/}} | footnotes =  }} Pakan iya nya sebuah mengeri mit ba Pelilih Menua Pakan, Bagi Menua Sarikei, Sarawak, Malaysia. Penyampau tubuh pelilih menua tu dipelabaka (naka pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2017) iya nya 17,600 iku.[1] Tebal agi peranak iya nya etnik Iban (95%+) lalu sekeda bansa China minoriti selalu iya begempuru ba kandang mengeri iya. Sekeda raban bansa Melayu ke mit gawa ba sektor perintah, baka pengajar, indu misi, pemesai pelilih menua, enggau polis. ==Etimologi== Nama Pakan nya datai ari buah menua tu ke sebaka enggau rian, iya nya [[pakan (buah)|buah pakan]]. Iya ngembuan kulit enggau isi ti bechura kuning.[1][nota 1] Buah tu udah nyadi lambang mengeri tu enggau replika iya ti digaga ba simpang jalai Entabai.[2] Dalam taun 1911, siku lelaki ari Guangdong ke benama Wen Ru Zhu (翁如珠) nyadi bansa Cina keterubah datai di Sarikei. Empat taun udah nya dalam taun 1915, iya begulai enggau siku ari sida sebilik, mai sekeda utai ti diguna ninting hari, niki nengah bukit lalu datai di Pakan bedagang enggau bansa Iban ti diau dia ngulihka asil betanam betupi. Kelimpah ari rumah panjai Iban enggau kebun getah, nadai mega rumah bansa Cina dia. Raban bansa Iban ngelaluka penatai Wen laban iya mai barang ti diguna ninting hari ngagai sida. Pejalai ari enggau ari Pakan bisi pengelama kira sepuluh hari. Wen deka ngaga langkau mit di Pakan endur diau dia beberapa hari sebedau pulai ke Sarikei. Udah nya iya jadi enggau indu Iban di Pakan lalu nirika ruang bilik. Udah nya mayuh agi bansa Cina datai kitu ngaga rumah kedai enggau bedagang enggau bansa Iban.<ref name="Yii2010"/><ref group=note>Yii, 2010. Page 285</ref> Dalam taun 1937, Penghulu Asun bisi ngatur pengawa ngelaban perintah Brooke di Pakan. Dalam taun 1957, sekula primari Min Jin (民进小学) udah digaga. Dalam taun 1968, bisi penusah bah nyadi ba Pakan.<ref name="Yii2010"/><ref group=note>Yii, 2010. Page 287</ref> ==Perintah== [[File:Meradong and Julau District Council Pakan branch.jpg|thumbnail|Kaunsil Pelilih Meradong enggau Julau, pampang Pakan]] [[File:Pakan district office.jpg|thumbnail|Opis Pelilih Menua Pakan.]] Kenyau ditumbuhka Bagi Menua Sarikei dalam taun 1973, pelilih mit Pakan diengkah ari baruh pegai pelilih Julau. Kena 1 March 2002, pelilih mit Pakan diangkat nyadi pelilih menua.<ref name="Pakan DO">{{cite web|title=Pengenalan Pejabat Daerah Pakan (Introduction to Pakan District Office)|url=http://www.sarikei.sarawak.gov.my/page-0-394-249-Pengenalan-Pejabat-Daerah-Pakan.html|website=Official Portal of Sarikei Divisional Administration|publisher=Sarikei Divisional Office|access-date=8 November 2017|archive-date=8 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108204959/http://www.sarikei.sarawak.gov.my/page-0-394-249-Pengenalan-Pejabat-Daerah-Pakan.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pelilih Menua Pakan ngembuan pemesai 924.6 km² (357.0 bt2),[1] dipegai Opis Pelilih Menua Pakan.<ref name="Pakan DO"/> ==Geograpi== Pakan bepalan 45 km (28 bt) ari mengeri Sarikei.<ref name="Pakanprofile">{{cite web|title=Profail Daerah Pakan (Pakan District Profile)|url=http://www.sarikei.sarawak.gov.my/page-0-395-250-Profail-Daerah-Pakan.html|website=The Official Portal of Sarikei Divisional Administration Office|publisher=Sarikei Divisional Administration Office|access-date=8 November 2017}}</ref> ===Rumah Panjai === *Tr. Rawing, Ulu Marau *Tr. Empati anak idai, Nanga Marau *Tr. Saban Sungai Ipoh, Pakan *Tr. Undi, Sg Pantak (once niang Tr Taling) *Tr. Sedau Ak Empali *Tr. Nyambar, Ulu Kota, Pakan *Tr. Bujang *Tr. Minang *Tr. Panau * Rumah Jilap Bt6 Jalan Entabai Pakan *Tr. Matu Anak Dingun Bt3 Pakan *Tr. Matthew Nawong, Lubuk Pisang, Sg Genega *Tr. Tukang, Nyalak Atas *Tr. James Anak Jantan, Darau. *Tr. Andrew Ungon, Darau *Tr. George anak Chungut, Nanga Nansang *Tr. Ganda anak Saba, Manding, Sungai Lemujan *Tr. Attan anak Ana, Lubok Ubi, Sugai *Tr. Linggang anak Kaya, Merampu *Tr. Liman anak Lawo, Munggu Temedak *Tr. Kalong anak Asa *Tr. Janang anak Silang, Sg.Wong, Wak *Tr. Barang Sg Empang, Pakan *Tr. Empi Tanjung, Pakan *Tr. Ladi Nasau, Pakan *Tr. Empek Nasau, Pakan *Tr. Imban, Genting Kopi Pakan *Tr. Jantan, Genting, Kopi Pakan *Tr. Safri, Tubai Buah, Pakan *Tr. Nyalong Nanga Segera, Pakan *Tr. Gandai, Tubai Buah, Pakan *Tr. Budom, Tubai Buah, Pakan *Tr. Menari, Ng Pedanum *Tr. Ragai Sungai Jaong, Pakan *Tr. Japar Ulu Kemalih, Entabai *Tr. Dinggai Amut Atas, Pakan *Tr. Gunda @ Chakau, Sg.Seru, Lemujan ==Gaya Ari== Pakan ngembuan iklim kampung ujan tropika (Af) enggau ujan bangat nyentuk ke balat amat sepemanjai taun. {{Weather box |width = auto | location = Pakan | metric first = Yes | single line = Yes | Jan high C = 30.0 | Feb high C = 30.2 | Mar high C = 31.2 | Apr high C = 31.9 | May high C = 32.2 | Jun high C = 32.0 | Jul high C = 32.0 | Aug high C = 31.6 | Sep high C = 31.6 | Oct high C = 31.5 | Nov high C = 31.3 | Dec high C = 30.7 | Jan mean C = 26.0 | Feb mean C = 26.1 | Mar mean C = 26.8 | Apr mean C = 27.2 | May mean C = 27.4 | Jun mean C = 27.1 | Jul mean C = 27.0 | Aug mean C = 26.7 | Sep mean C = 26.9 | Oct mean C = 26.9 | Nov mean C = 26.8 | Dec mean C = 26.4 | year mean C = | Jan low C = 22.1 | Feb low C = 22.1 | Mar low C = 22.4 | Apr low C = 22.5 | May low C = 22.7 | Jun low C = 22.3 | Jul low C = 22.0 | Aug low C = 21.9 | Sep low C = 22.2 | Oct low C = 22.3 | Nov low C = 22.3 | Dec low C = 22.1 |rain colour=green |Jan rain mm=336 |Feb rain mm=272 |Mar rain mm=291 |Apr rain mm=257 |May rain mm=250 |Jun rain mm=181 |Jul rain mm=174 |Aug rain mm=237 |Sep rain mm=280 |Oct rain mm=276 |Nov rain mm=286 |Dec rain mm=364 |source 1 = Climate-Data.org<ref>{{cite web |url = https://en.climate-data.org/location/976557/ |title = Climate: Pakan |publisher=Climate-Data.org |access-date = 29 October 2020}}</ref> }} ==Demograpi== ===Bansa=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ Statistik Bansa Pelilih Menua Pakan<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/download_Population/files/population/05Jadual_Mukim_negeri/Mukim_Sarawak.pdf |title=Total population by ethnic group, sub-district and state, Malaysia, 2010 |publisher= Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia|access-date= 3 August 2020}}</ref> |- !style="width:5%"|Total Population !style="width:5%"|[[Ethnic Malays|Malay]] !style="width:5%"|[[Iban people|Iban]] !style="width:5%"|[[Bidayuh]] !style="width:5%"|[[Melanau]] !style="width:5%"|Other [[Bumiputera (Malaysia)|Bumiputera]] !style="width:5%"|[[Chinese people|Chinese]] !style="width:5%"|[[Indian people|Indian]] !style="width:5%"|Other Non-Bumiputera !style="width:5%"|Non-Citizen |- | 15,139 | 125 | 14,423 | 26 | 39 | 136 | 289 | 13 | 35 | 53 |- |} {{bar box |title=Komposisi etnik ba Pakan |titlebar= |left1=Bansa |right1=Peratus |float=right |bars= {{bar percent|[[Iban people|Iban]]|#FFAA1D|95.3}} {{bar percent|[[Malaysian Chinese|Chinese]]|#CE2029|1.9}} {{bar percent|Other Bumiputera|#A3C1AD|0.9}} {{bar percent|[[Malay people|Malay]]|#B0BF1A|0.8}} {{bar percent|Non-Citizen|#CB6D51|0.4}} {{bar percent|[[Melanau people|Melanau]]|#F88379|0.3}} {{bar percent|Indian|#C154C1|0.1}} }}Ba taun 2010, mengeri Pakan ngembuan penyampau tubuh 14,570 iku, ke alai bisi 14,023 iku bansa Iban, 402 iku bansa China, 80 iku bansa Melayu, enggau 65 iku ari bansa bukai.<ref name="Yii2010">{{cite book|last1=余(Yii)|first1=悦胜(Yuk Seng)|title=泗里街省華族史料集 (Collection of historical material on the chinese community in Sarikei Division)|date=November 2010|publisher=砂拉越华族文化协会(Sarawak Chinese Cultural Association)|location=Sibu, Sarawak|isbn=978-983-9360-49-3|edition=First}}</ref><ref group=note>Yii, 2010. Page 285</ref> ===Palan Sembiang=== [[File:St Francis Asisi Chapel, Pakan.jpg|thumbnail|St Francis Asisi Chapel.]] * St. Francis Assisi Church * BEM (SIB) Nanga Pakan * Chapel St Joseph, Ulu Kota * Mosque (beside Klinik Pakan) * Surau Zulkarnain, Rumah Julin, Kg Amut (sponsored by Yayasan Amal Malaysia Cawangan Sarawak) ==Ekonomi== [[File:Another black pepper plantation near the Pakan road.jpg|thumbnail|A black pepper plantation near the Pakan road.]] Ba taun 2017, Pelilih Pakan bisi 2,000 hektar ladang lada enggau 5,800 iku orang bumai gawa ba ladang nya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pepper farmers urged to up production to meet demand |url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2017/10/27/pepper-farmers-urged-to-up-production-to-meet-demand/ |access-date=7 February 2019 |publisher=The Borneo Post |date=27 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180317040628/http://www.theborneopost.com/2017/10/27/pepper-farmers-urged-to-up-production-to-meet-demand/ |archive-date=17 March 2018}}</ref> ==Perengka angkut== ===Bas lokal=== {{main|Transportation in Sarawak}} {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;" |- !Route No. !Operating Route !Operator !Remark |- |6 |Sarikei-Pakan |Borneo Bus | |- |} ===Jalai bukai=== Alternatif jalai baru nyambung penguna ari Sibu deka terus ke Ulu Budu di pelilih Saratok nengah Pakan nyendiaka timpuh ke pandak agi enti dibandingka enggau ke diatu iya nya nengah simpang T ke Sarikei. Utai ti suba kira 3 jam pejalai ari Sibu ke Saratok deka ngambi awak kira 2 jam aja. Nyadi penguna dalam pejalai ke jauh ngagai Kuching bulih mayuh penguntung ari jalai tu. Sibu -> Julau -> Bintangor -> Sarikei -> Pakan -> Wak -> Ulu Budu -> Saratok == Perengka guna bukai == [[File:Pakan public health clinic.jpg|thumbnail|Klinik Pakan.]] [[File:SK Nanga Pakan.jpg|thumbnail|SK Nanga Pakan.]] [[File:SMK Pakan front gate.jpg|thumbnail|SMK Pakan.]] ===Pelajar=== ;Sekula primari * SK Nanga Pakan * SK Nanga Kara * SK Sungai Sugai * SK Nanga Wak * Sk Nanga Sembawang * Sk Ulu Manding * Sk Nanga Pedanum * Sk Nanga Kota * Sk Nanga Dayu * Sk Ulu Entabai * Sk Ulu Entaih * Sk Nanga Entaih ;Sekula menegah * SMK Pakan * (extra information) SMK Meradong (Bintangor), SMK Bintangor (Bintangor), the nearest school most of the upper six students attended after they finishing their form 5. == Adat enggau palan memarin == ===Adat=== [[File:Kerangan Rantau Enjin, Lubok Kelau, Sg Julau..jpg|right|thumbnail|Ulu Sg Julau, Jalai Pakan-Ulu Kota.]] Pesta Pakan (pesta Pakan) iya nya pengerami ke diatur ninting taun ba mengeri Pakan kenyau ari taun 1988 lalu suah agi diatur urung bulan Ogos. Iya mungkur mayuh macham aktiviti baka lumba enggau main, pemerindang, budaya, enggau seni sereta mayuh macham langkau nyual pemakai baka Smoke house (Ruman Asap) enggau ai irup.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pakan Festival|url=http://www.sarikei.sarawak.gov.my/page-0-381-235-Pakan-Festival.html|website=The official portal of Sarikei Divisional administrative office|publisher=Sarikei Divisional Administrative Office|access-date=8 November 2017}}</ref> ===Sejarah=== * Lumbung Rentap at Bukit Sibau * Bukit Uyu (pendam penitih Rentap, Uyu, Medan enggau dua iku agi) ===Palan Memarin=== * Kerangan Rantau Enjin, Nanga Kelau * Wong Kuji * Kembara Off-Road ==Nota== {{reflist|group=note}} ==Penerang luar== {{Commons category|Pakan}} ==Kereban sanding== {{reflist}} {{Sarawak}} [[Kategori:Mengeri mit ba Sarawak]] 3qf5k4roy2kowggcgi8b6l125dxuedn Modul:Road data/extra 828 6491 19717 19710 2026-09-07T02:29:33Z ~2026-48448-22 2766 19717 Scribunto text/plain return { rail = { default = "Rail Sign.svg", CAN = { default = "Ontario M509.svg", QC = "Québec I-310.svg" }, CHL = "Chile IS-13b.svg", IDN = "Indonesia New Road Sign Info 5A2.png", JPN = "Japanese Road sign 125-C.svg", MEX = "MX road sign SIS-10.svg", THA = "Thailand road sign Railway Station.svg" }, ["light-rail"] = { default = "Light Rail Sign.svg", MEX = "MX road sign SIS-20.svg" }, bus = { default = "Bus Sign.svg", CAN = { default = "Ontario M506.svg", QC = "Québec I-315.svg" }, FRA = "France road sign C6.svg", HRV = "Croatia road sign C44.svg", HUN = "Hungary road sign E-039.svg", ITA = "Italian traffic sign - 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P-22.svg", HUN = "Hungary road sign E-045.svg", IDN = "Indonesian Road Sign d9a.png", ISL = "Iceland road sign E01.12.svg", ITA = "Italian traffic signs - ospedale.svg", MYS = "Malaysia road sign GI6.svg", MEX = "MX road sign SIS-17.svg", POL = "Znak D-21.svg", RUS = "7.2 Russian road sign.svg", SVK = "Dopravná značka II5.svg", THA = "Thailand road sign น-7.svg", TUR = "Turkish road sign 84.jpg", UKR = "Ukraine road sign 6.2.gif", URY = "Uruguay Road Sign I16.svg" }, airport = { default = "Airport Sign.svg", AUS = "Western Australia MR-SM-11.svg", CAN = { default = "Ontario M502.svg", QC = "Québec I-300-1.svg " }, CHL = "Chile IS-11b.svg", DNK = "Denmark road sign M12.svg", GBR = "Aircraft Airport ecomo.svg", HRV = "Croatia road sign C47.svg", IDN = "Indonesia New Road Sign Info 5a4.png", MYS = "International Airport 1.png", MEX = "MX road sign SIS-1.svg", NOR = "Norwegian-road-sign-771.0.svg", THA = "Thailand road sign Airport.svg", TWN = "Legenda lotnisko.svg", UKR = "Ukraine road sign 5.65.png", URY = "Uruguay Road Sign I21.svg" }, NSB = { default = "MUTCD D6-4.svg" } } 1rpe58i9eltxxmuhgnl4m1y5f1ev3t6 Pegaga 0 6876 19718 2026-09-07T03:39:13Z Song GK 9 Digaga enggau chara nyalin lambar " [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373537760|Centella asiatica]] " 19718 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Centella asiatica (থানকুনি) (3).jpg|status=LC|status_system=IUCN3.1|status_ref=<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Lansdown, R.V. |date=2019 |title=''Centella asiatica'' |volume=2019 |article-number=e.T168725A88308182 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T168725A88308182.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref>|genus=Centella|species=asiatica|authority=([[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Ignatz Urban|Urban]]|synonyms_ref=<ref name=cabi/>|synonyms=''Hydrocotyle asiatica'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] ''Trisanthus cochinchinensis'' [[João de Loureiro|Lour.]]}} '''Pegaga''' tauka nama botani iya '''''Centella asiatica''''',<ref name="EPPO2">{{cite web|title=''Centella asiatica''|url=https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/CLLAS|publisher=[[European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization]] (EPPO)|access-date=23 January 2024}}</ref> iya nya [[utai tumbuh herb]], ke meruan dalam ruang bilik [[utai tumbuh bebungai]] [[Apiaceae]].<ref name="cabi2">{{cite web|title=''Centella asiatica'' (Asiatic pennywort)|url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/12048|publisher=Invasive Species Compendium, CABI|access-date=2 January 2018|date=22 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170723222636/https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/12048|archive-date=23 July 2017}}</ref> Iya asal ari kandang menua tropika Afrika, Asia, Australia, enggau pulau-pulau ba barat Tasik Pasifik.<ref name="cabi2" /><ref name="cabi3">{{cite web|title=''Centella asiatica'' (Asiatic pennywort)|url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/12048|publisher=Invasive Species Compendium, CABI|access-date=2 January 2018|date=22 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170723222636/https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/12048|archive-date=23 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="PoWo2">{{cite web|title=''Centella asiatica'' (L.) Urb.|work=Plants of the World Online|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/1197718-2|access-date=12 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=United States Department of Agriculture|title=Plant Profile for ''Centella asiatica''|url=https://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CEAS|access-date=15 July 2012}}</ref><ref name="FD2">{{cite web|last=Floridata|title=''Centella asiatica''|url=http://www.floridata.com/ref/c/cent_asi.cfm|access-date=15 July 2012}}</ref> Iya diempa nyadi [[Engkayu|sayur]] kulinari lalu dikena dalam [[ubat tradisional]].<ref name="cabi2" /> == Galeri == <gallery> Fail:Centella_asiatica_-_Flickr_-_Kevin_Thiele.jpg|alt=Emerging flowers| Bungai pegaga ti benung mansutka diri Fail:Centella_asiatica_-_Flickr_-_Kevin_Thiele_(1).jpg|alt=Close-up of flower| Gambar semak bungai pegaga Fail:Centella_asiatica_in_Karnataka.jpg|alt=Centella asiatica, India| ''Centella asiatica'', ba India. Fail:A_patch_of_Centella_Asiatica_or_pegaga_in_Malay..jpg|alt=A patch of Centella asiatica or pegaga in Malay| Pegaga </gallery> == Kereban sanding == {{Reflist}} == Pautan luar == {{Commons category|Centella asiatica}} {{Authority control}} adlrpz62vhnug19wwt8nhs6iejkx39d 19719 19718 2026-09-07T03:39:32Z Song GK 9 /* Pautan luar */ 19719 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Centella asiatica (থানকুনি) (3).jpg|status=LC|status_system=IUCN3.1|status_ref=<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Lansdown, R.V. |date=2019 |title=''Centella asiatica'' |volume=2019 |article-number=e.T168725A88308182 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T168725A88308182.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref>|genus=Centella|species=asiatica|authority=([[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Ignatz Urban|Urban]]|synonyms_ref=<ref name=cabi/>|synonyms=''Hydrocotyle asiatica'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] ''Trisanthus cochinchinensis'' [[João de Loureiro|Lour.]]}} '''Pegaga''' tauka nama botani iya '''''Centella asiatica''''',<ref name="EPPO2">{{cite web|title=''Centella asiatica''|url=https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/CLLAS|publisher=[[European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization]] (EPPO)|access-date=23 January 2024}}</ref> iya nya [[utai tumbuh herb]], ke meruan dalam ruang bilik [[utai tumbuh bebungai]] [[Apiaceae]].<ref name="cabi2">{{cite web|title=''Centella asiatica'' (Asiatic pennywort)|url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/12048|publisher=Invasive Species Compendium, CABI|access-date=2 January 2018|date=22 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170723222636/https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/12048|archive-date=23 July 2017}}</ref> Iya asal ari kandang menua tropika Afrika, Asia, Australia, enggau pulau-pulau ba barat Tasik Pasifik.<ref name="cabi2" /><ref name="cabi3">{{cite web|title=''Centella asiatica'' (Asiatic pennywort)|url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/12048|publisher=Invasive Species Compendium, CABI|access-date=2 January 2018|date=22 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170723222636/https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/12048|archive-date=23 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="PoWo2">{{cite web|title=''Centella asiatica'' (L.) Urb.|work=Plants of the World Online|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/1197718-2|access-date=12 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=United States Department of Agriculture|title=Plant Profile for ''Centella asiatica''|url=https://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CEAS|access-date=15 July 2012}}</ref><ref name="FD2">{{cite web|last=Floridata|title=''Centella asiatica''|url=http://www.floridata.com/ref/c/cent_asi.cfm|access-date=15 July 2012}}</ref> Iya diempa nyadi [[Engkayu|sayur]] kulinari lalu dikena dalam [[ubat tradisional]].<ref name="cabi2" /> == Galeri == <gallery> Fail:Centella_asiatica_-_Flickr_-_Kevin_Thiele.jpg|alt=Emerging flowers| Bungai pegaga ti benung mansutka diri Fail:Centella_asiatica_-_Flickr_-_Kevin_Thiele_(1).jpg|alt=Close-up of flower| Gambar semak bungai pegaga Fail:Centella_asiatica_in_Karnataka.jpg|alt=Centella asiatica, India| ''Centella asiatica'', ba India. Fail:A_patch_of_Centella_Asiatica_or_pegaga_in_Malay..jpg|alt=A patch of Centella asiatica or pegaga in Malay| Pegaga </gallery> == Kereban sanding == {{Reflist}} == Kereban sanding == {{Commons category|Centella asiatica}} {{Authority control}} rxnvz9z4sixpu4b4125blnl1dhi8s3p Templat:Taxonomy/Centella 10 6877 19720 2026-09-07T03:40:30Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=genus |link=Centella |parent=Mackinlayoideae |refs={{inaturalist taxon|156991|''Centella''}} }}' 19720 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=genus |link=Centella |parent=Mackinlayoideae |refs={{inaturalist taxon|156991|''Centella''}} }} dthr6x8add2sf52c0qergc76ur37w81 Templat:Taxonomy/Mackinlayoideae 10 6878 19721 2026-09-07T03:40:59Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=subfamilia |link=Mackinlayoideae |parent=Apiaceae |refs= }}' 19721 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=subfamilia |link=Mackinlayoideae |parent=Apiaceae |refs= }} bxfin7j2gcwiznr53bm3s6d4w33mspv Templat:Taxonomy/Apiaceae 10 6879 19722 2026-09-07T03:41:36Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=familia |link=Apiaceae |parent=Apiales |refs={{Cite journal|author=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group|year=2016|title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV|journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=181|issue=1|pages=1–20|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/boj.12385/epdf|format=PDF|issn=00244074|doi=10.1111/bo...' 19722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=familia |link=Apiaceae |parent=Apiales |refs={{Cite journal|author=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group|year=2016|title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV|journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=181|issue=1|pages=1–20|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/boj.12385/epdf|format=PDF|issn=00244074|doi=10.1111/boj.12385}} }} 8b3pxzmh9z58j5uq6xxhtxd9nv5u8p6 Templat:Taxonomy/Apiales 10 6880 19723 2026-09-07T03:42:05Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |parent=Campanulids |rank=ordo |link=Apiales |refs={{Cite journal|author=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group|year=2016|title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV|journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=181|issue=1|pages=1–20|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/boj.12385/epdf|format=PDF|issn=00244074|doi=10.1111/bo...' 19723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |parent=Campanulids |rank=ordo |link=Apiales |refs={{Cite journal|author=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group|year=2016|title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV|journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=181|issue=1|pages=1–20|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/boj.12385/epdf|format=PDF|issn=00244074|doi=10.1111/boj.12385}} }} j1zv3za9mmktzqy00ipqzxr4fdmv67x Centella asiatica 0 6881 19724 2026-09-07T03:50:50Z Song GK 9 Melencong ke [[Pegaga]] 19724 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Pegaga]] j881ledxz3fx0jvl99uono414ttddzs Pakan (buah) 0 6882 19725 2026-09-07T03:56:33Z Song GK 9 Digaga enggau chara nyalin lambar " [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343120015|Durio kutejensis]] " 19725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Buah paken.jpg|image_alt=Durio kutejensis fruit|image_caption=''Durio kutejensis'' fruits|status=VU|status_system=IUCN2.3|status_ref=<ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=World Conservation Monitoring Centre |date=1998 |title=''Durio kutejensis'' |volume=1998 |article-number=e.T34568A9876029 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T34568A9876029.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}</ref>|genus=Durio|species=kutejensis|authority=[[Hassk.]] & [[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]|synonyms=}} '''Pakan''' tauka nama botani iya '''''Durio kutejensis''''', iya nya [[kayu buah]] kampung ujan ti asal ari pulau [[Borneo]]. == Penerang == Iya pun kayu ti amat narit ati mit ngagai tengan pemesai nyentuk ngagai 30 m peninggi. Iya bisi daun ti besai sereta bekilat, mayuh bungai ti besai sereta mirah ti mansutka bau but ti kuat maya anthesis. Spesies tu diriputka diserebukka manyi madu besai enggau burung, sereta mega [[entawai]].<ref>{{cite journal|author=Yumoto, T.|title=Bird-pollination of Three Durio Species (Bombacaceae) in a Tropical Rainforest in Sarawak, Malaysia|journal=[[American Journal of Botany]]|year=2000|volume=87|issue=8|pages=1181–8|doi=10.2307/2656655|jstor=2656655|pmid=10948003|doi-access=free}}</ref> Buah [[rian]] ti besai ti diasilka iya ngembuan isi ti tebal sereta kuning enggau asai ti lembut, manis sereta tekstur ti bechura krim sebaka enggau ''[[Durio zibethinus]]'' . Iya bebuah laun ba musin iya. == Guna == Iya ditanam di [[Indonesia]] lalu udah dibai kelala ngagai [[Queensland]]. Di [[Brunei]], buah pakan lebih dikerinduka orang menua tu ari ''[[Durio zibethinus|D. zibethinus]]'', taja pan tu semina bansa rian ke bisi ba makit entarabansa.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Osman, M. B. |title=Expert Consultation on Tropical Fruit Species of Asia |last2=Mohamed, Z. A. |last3=Idris, S. |last4=Aman, R. |publisher=International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) |year=1995 |isbn=978-92-9043-249-4 |chapter=Tropical fruit production and genetic resources in Southeast Asia: Identifying the priority fruit species |chapter-url=http://www.bioversityinternational.org/uploads/tx_news/Expert_consultation_on_tropical_fruit_species_of_Asia_655.pdf}}</ref> Buah tu mega dipadahka kurang agi asai ti enda manah ti dikembuan ''D. zibethinus'' . == Galeri == <gallery class="center" caption="Buah Pakan"> Fail:Durio_kutej_F_070203_ime.jpg|alt=fruit, Muara Lawa, Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan, Indonesia| Buah pakan ba Muara Lawa, [[Kabupaten Kutai Barat|Kutai Barat]], [[Kalimantan Timur]], [[Indonesia]] Fail:Durio_kutej_F_070202_139_malw.jpg|alt=fruit, sold at roadside market in Muara Lawa, Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan, Indonesia| Buah pakan dijual ba pasar tebing jalai di Muara Lawa, [[Kabupaten Kutai Barat|Kutai Barat]], [[Kalimantan Timur]], [[Indonesia]] Fail:Pekawai_070314_0221_utk.jpg|alt=fruit from Sungai Utik, Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan, Indonesia| Buah pakan ari [[Sungai Utik]], [[Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu|Kapuas Hulu]], [[Kalimantan Barat]], [[Indonesia]] Fail:Buah_paken_(2).jpg|alt=fruit from Kuala Kurun, Gunung Mas Regency, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia| Buah pakan ari [[Kuala Kurun]], [[Kabupaten Gunung Mas]], [[Kalimantan Tengah]], [[Indonesia]] </gallery> == Kereban sanding == {{Reflist}} == Bacha ke silik agi == {{Commons}} {{cite journal|last1=Arung|first1=Enos Tangke|last2=Suwinarti|first2=Wiwin|last3=Hendra|first3=Medi|title=Determination of Antioxidant and Anti-Melanogenesis Activities of Indonesian Lai, Durio kutejenesis [Bombacaceae (Hassak) Becc] Fruit Extract|journal=Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research|date=January 2015|volume=14|issue=1|pages=41–46|doi=10.4314/tjpr.v14i1.7|doi-access=free}} {{cite journal|last1=Rudiyansyah|last2=Garson|first2=Mary J.|title=Secondary metabolites from the wood bark of Durio zibethinus and Durio kutejensis|journal=Journal of Natural Products|date=15 July 2006|volume=69|issue=8|pages=1218–1221|doi=10.1021/np050553t|pmid=16933881}}{{Taxonbar}} hovlokdsv0ysbgci6zgvjm33v4b92gt Durio kutejensis 0 6883 19726 2026-09-07T03:57:00Z Song GK 9 Melencong ke [[Pakan (buah)]] 19726 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Pakan (buah)]] kyi1ms4stksmt4sff8b4hvi7pd1262u Templat:Taxonomy/Durio 10 6884 19727 2026-09-07T03:57:42Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=genus |link=Durio |parent=Durioneae |refs={{cite web |url=https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus.aspx?id=4046 |title=Durio |date=2017 |website=[[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] (GRIN)|publisher=[[Agricultural Research Service]] (ARS), [[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA). |access-date=8 November 2017}} }}' 19727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=genus |link=Durio |parent=Durioneae |refs={{cite web |url=https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus.aspx?id=4046 |title=Durio |date=2017 |website=[[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] (GRIN)|publisher=[[Agricultural Research Service]] (ARS), [[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA). |access-date=8 November 2017}} }} t0fwfe2d8zxps0bwws7aj34lnir50tr Templat:Taxonomy/Durioneae 10 6885 19728 2026-09-07T03:58:13Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=tribus |link=Durioneae |parent=Helicteroideae |refs={{cite web |url=https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomyfamily.aspx?type=tribe&id=2321 |title=Durioneae |date=2017 |website=[[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] (GRIN)|publisher=[[Agricultural Research Service]] (ARS), [[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA). |access-date=8 November 2017}} }}' 19728 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=tribus |link=Durioneae |parent=Helicteroideae |refs={{cite web |url=https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomyfamily.aspx?type=tribe&id=2321 |title=Durioneae |date=2017 |website=[[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] (GRIN)|publisher=[[Agricultural Research Service]] (ARS), [[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA). |access-date=8 November 2017}} }} s1zdjjjiam7vux6gm2f2pu95cx99m1d Templat:Taxonomy/Helicteroideae 10 6886 19729 2026-09-07T03:58:44Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=subfamilia |link=Helicteroideae |parent=Malvaceae |refs= }}' 19729 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Don't edit this line {{{machine code|}}} |rank=subfamilia |link=Helicteroideae |parent=Malvaceae |refs= }} l6ywtm031cm2z4qigclew3939tmbulw Durio 0 6887 19730 2026-09-07T04:06:50Z Song GK 9 Digaga enggau chara nyalin lambar " [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368010037|Durio]] " 19730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Automatic taxobox}} '''''Durio''''' tu sebansa [[genus]] [[utai tumbuh]] dalam ruang bilik [[Malvaceae]]. Beberapa bansa ngasilka buah ti tau diempa ti dikelala enggau nama [[rian]], bansa ti pemadu suah iya nya ''[[Durio zibethinus]]'', enggau lapan bansa bukai ngasilka buah ti tau diempa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=Michael J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3AcGwT0CdSwC |title=Durio, a Bibliographic Review |date=1997 |publisher=Bioversity International |isbn=978-92-9043-318-7 |language=en}}</ref> == Taksonomi == Pengawa keterubah nerangka ''Durio sensu lato'', ti ngembuan 30 spesis ti dikelala, enggau ''Durio sensu stricto'' ti mungkur 24 bansa nya.<ref name=":1" /> 6 spesis bukai ti disengkaum dalam ''Durio s.l,'' diatu dianggap sekeda orang nyadi genus sida empu, ''[[Boschia]]''.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|last1=Nyffeler|first1=Reto|last2=Baum|first2=David A.|date=1 January 2001|title=Systematics and character evolution in Durio s. lat. (Malvaceae/Helicteroideae/Durioneae or Bombacaceae-Durioneae)|journal=Organisms Diversity & Evolution|volume=1|issue=3|pages=165–178|doi=10.1078/1439-6092-00015|doi-access=free|bibcode=2001ODivE...1..165N}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Nyffeler|first1=R.|last2=Baum|first2=D. A.|date=2000-03-01|title=Phylogenetic relationships of the durians (Bombacaceae-Durioneae or /Malvaceae/Helicteroideae/Durioneae) based on chloroplast and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00985266|journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution|language=en|volume=224|issue=1|pages=55–82|doi=10.1007/BF00985266|bibcode=2000PSyEv.224...55N|issn=1615-6110|url-access=subscription}}</ref> ''Durio s.s.'' enggau ''Boschia'' ngembuan tukuh vegetatif ti enda ulih dibida sereta mayuh tukuh bungai ti dikunsi. Bida ti beguna amat entara dua iti nya iya nya lokul anter dibuka nengah lubang apikal ba ''Boschia'' enggau nengah celah membujur ba ''Durio s.s.'' <ref>{{cite journal|last=Kostermans|first=A. J. G. H.|year=1958|title=The genus Durio Adans. (Bombacalceac)|url=http://e-journal.biologi.lipi.go.id/index.php/reinwardtia/article/view/1008|url-status=live|journal=Reinwardtia|volume=4|issue=3|pages=357–460|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202092634/http://e-journal.biologi.lipi.go.id/index.php/reinwardtia/article/view/1008|archive-date=2 December 2017|access-date=31 March 2017}}</ref> Dua bengkah genera tu nempa klad ti menyadi indu ngagai genus bukai, ''[[Cullenia]]''. Ketiga-tiga genera tu begulai nempa klad ti ditanda enggau anter ti balat diubah (mono- enggau politekat, bebida enggau bitekat).<ref name=":02" /> Genus ''Durio'' udah diengkah dalam ruang bilik [[Bombacaceae]], lalu ulih piak bekuasa bukai dalam ruang bilik ti mit agi semina tujuh genus, Durionaceae;<ref>{{cite web|title=USDA GRIN Taxonomy, Durionaceae|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?2319|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203192931/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?2319|archive-date=3 December 2013|access-date=22 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="APW2">{{cite web|title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website – Malvales|url=https://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/APweb/orders/malvalesweb.htm#Malvales|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714205519/http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APWeb/orders/malvalesweb.htm#Malvales|archive-date=14 July 2014|access-date=19 February 2009|publisher=[[Missouri Botanical Garden]]}}</ref> tu diatu dikelala nyadi suku bansa [[Durioneae]]. == Penerang == Bisi 29 spesis ti dikelala dalam genus ''Durio'', tang semina sebelas aja ngasilka buah ti tau diempa. ''[[Durio zibethinus|D. zibethinus]]'' semina spesis aja ke bisi ba makit entarabansa: spesis bukai semina dijual ba pelilih menua sida. Suah dianggap nyadi raja buah,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Heaton |first=Donald D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xLA8PQAACAAJ |title=A Consumers Guide on World Fruit |publisher=BookSurge |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-4196-3955-5 |pages=54–56 |language=en}}</ref> rian dibida enggau pemesai iya ti besai, bau ti nyelai, sereta kulit ti beduri. Buah tu ulih mansang nyentuk ngagai 30 sentimeter pemanjai enggau 15 sentimeter pemesai, lalu biasa iya berat satu ngagai tiga kilogram. Bentuk iya ari bujur ngagai bulat, chura kulit iya ari gadung ngagai burak, lalu isi iya ari kuning lesi ngagai mirah, nitihka bansa iya. == Spesis == ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' diatu (2025) nerima 29 spesis. {{Div col|colwidth=20em}} # ''[[Durio affinis]]'' {{small|[[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]}} # ''[[Durio beccarianus]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]] & Soegeng.}} # ''[[Durio bruneiensis]]'' {{small|Kosterm.}} # ''[[Durio bukitrayaensis]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]]}} # ''[[Durio burmanicus]]'' {{small|Soegeng.}} # ''[[Durio carinatus]]'' {{small|Mast.}} # ''[[Durio connatus]]'' {{small|Priyanti}} # ''[[Durio crassipes]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]]}} # ''[[Durio dulcis]]'' {{small|[[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]}} # ''[[Durio gerikensis]]'' {{small|M.N.Faizal, Besi, Latiff & Hadrul}} # ''[[Durio graveolens]]'' {{small|[[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]}} # ''[[Durio kinabaluensis]]'' {{small|Kosterm & Soegeng}} # ''[[Durio kutejensis]]'' {{small|[[Justus Carl Hasskarl|Hassk.]] & [[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]}} # ''[[Durio lanceolatus]]'' {{small|Mast.}} # ''[[Durio lissocarpus]]'' {{small|Mast.}} # ''[[Durio lowianus]]'' {{small|Scort. & King}} # ''[[Durio macrantha]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]]}} # ''[[Durio macrolepis]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]]}} # ''[[Durio macrophyllus]]'' {{small|Ridl.}} # ''[[Durio malaccensis]]'' {{small|[[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]]}} # ''[[Durio oblongus]]'' {{small|Mast.}} # ''[[Durio oxleyanus]]'' {{small|Griff.}} # ''[[Durio perakensis]]'' {{small|Salma}} # ''[[Durio pinangianus]]'' {{small|Ridl.}} # ''[[Durio purpureus]]'' {{small|Kosterm. & Soegeng.}} # ''[[Durio singaporensis]]'' {{small|Ridl.}} # ''[[Durio testudinarius]]'' {{small|[[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]}} # ''[[Durio wyatt-smithii]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]]}} # ''[[Durio zibethinus]]'' {{small|L.}} {{Div col end}} == Kereban sanding == {{Reflist|2}} == Laman web ke bukai == {{Commons category-inline|Durio|''Durio''}}{{Taxonbar}} drzz9uq0qw3dzsw4xj63spnf3ssya2z 19731 19730 2026-09-07T04:09:30Z Song GK 9 19731 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Automatic taxobox |image= Durio zibethinus di Car-free Day Jombang 091404.jpg |image_caption= Durio zibethinus}} '''''Durio''''' tu sebansa [[genus]] [[utai tumbuh]] dalam ruang bilik [[Malvaceae]]. Beberapa bansa ngasilka buah ti tau diempa ti dikelala enggau nama [[rian]], bansa ti pemadu suah iya nya ''[[Durio zibethinus]]'', enggau lapan bansa bukai ngasilka buah ti tau diempa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=Michael J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3AcGwT0CdSwC |title=Durio, a Bibliographic Review |date=1997 |publisher=Bioversity International |isbn=978-92-9043-318-7 |language=en}}</ref> == Taksonomi == Pengawa keterubah nerangka ''Durio sensu lato'', ti ngembuan 30 spesis ti dikelala, enggau ''Durio sensu stricto'' ti mungkur 24 bansa nya.<ref name=":1" /> 6 spesis bukai ti disengkaum dalam ''Durio s.l,'' diatu dianggap sekeda orang nyadi genus sida empu, ''[[Boschia]]''.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|last1=Nyffeler|first1=Reto|last2=Baum|first2=David A.|date=1 January 2001|title=Systematics and character evolution in Durio s. lat. (Malvaceae/Helicteroideae/Durioneae or Bombacaceae-Durioneae)|journal=Organisms Diversity & Evolution|volume=1|issue=3|pages=165–178|doi=10.1078/1439-6092-00015|doi-access=free|bibcode=2001ODivE...1..165N}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Nyffeler|first1=R.|last2=Baum|first2=D. A.|date=2000-03-01|title=Phylogenetic relationships of the durians (Bombacaceae-Durioneae or /Malvaceae/Helicteroideae/Durioneae) based on chloroplast and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00985266|journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution|language=en|volume=224|issue=1|pages=55–82|doi=10.1007/BF00985266|bibcode=2000PSyEv.224...55N|issn=1615-6110|url-access=subscription}}</ref> ''Durio s.s.'' enggau ''Boschia'' ngembuan tukuh vegetatif ti enda ulih dibida sereta mayuh tukuh bungai ti dikunsi. Bida ti beguna amat entara dua iti nya iya nya lokul anter dibuka nengah lubang apikal ba ''Boschia'' enggau nengah celah membujur ba ''Durio s.s.'' <ref>{{cite journal|last=Kostermans|first=A. J. G. H.|year=1958|title=The genus Durio Adans. (Bombacalceac)|url=http://e-journal.biologi.lipi.go.id/index.php/reinwardtia/article/view/1008|url-status=live|journal=Reinwardtia|volume=4|issue=3|pages=357–460|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202092634/http://e-journal.biologi.lipi.go.id/index.php/reinwardtia/article/view/1008|archive-date=2 December 2017|access-date=31 March 2017}}</ref> Dua bengkah genera tu nempa klad ti menyadi indu ngagai genus bukai, ''[[Cullenia]]''. Ketiga-tiga genera tu begulai nempa klad ti ditanda enggau anter ti balat diubah (mono- enggau politekat, bebida enggau bitekat).<ref name=":02" /> Genus ''Durio'' udah diengkah dalam ruang bilik [[Bombacaceae]], lalu ulih piak bekuasa bukai dalam ruang bilik ti mit agi semina tujuh genus, Durionaceae;<ref>{{cite web|title=USDA GRIN Taxonomy, Durionaceae|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?2319|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203192931/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?2319|archive-date=3 December 2013|access-date=22 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="APW2">{{cite web|title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website – Malvales|url=https://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/APweb/orders/malvalesweb.htm#Malvales|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714205519/http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APWeb/orders/malvalesweb.htm#Malvales|archive-date=14 July 2014|access-date=19 February 2009|publisher=[[Missouri Botanical Garden]]}}</ref> tu diatu dikelala nyadi suku bansa [[Durioneae]]. == Penerang == Bisi 29 spesis ti dikelala dalam genus ''Durio'', tang semina sebelas aja ngasilka buah ti tau diempa. ''[[Durio zibethinus|D. zibethinus]]'' semina spesis aja ke bisi ba makit entarabansa: spesis bukai semina dijual ba pelilih menua sida. Suah dianggap nyadi raja buah,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Heaton |first=Donald D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xLA8PQAACAAJ |title=A Consumers Guide on World Fruit |publisher=BookSurge |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-4196-3955-5 |pages=54–56 |language=en}}</ref> rian dibida enggau pemesai iya ti besai, bau ti nyelai, sereta kulit ti beduri. Buah tu ulih mansang nyentuk ngagai 30 sentimeter pemanjai enggau 15 sentimeter pemesai, lalu biasa iya berat satu ngagai tiga kilogram. Bentuk iya ari bujur ngagai bulat, chura kulit iya ari gadung ngagai burak, lalu isi iya ari kuning lesi ngagai mirah, nitihka bansa iya. == Spesis == ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' diatu (2025) nerima 29 spesis. {{Div col|colwidth=20em}} # ''[[Durio affinis]]'' {{small|[[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]}} # ''[[Durio beccarianus]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]] & Soegeng.}} # ''[[Durio bruneiensis]]'' {{small|Kosterm.}} # ''[[Durio bukitrayaensis]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]]}} # ''[[Durio burmanicus]]'' {{small|Soegeng.}} # ''[[Durio carinatus]]'' {{small|Mast.}} # ''[[Durio connatus]]'' {{small|Priyanti}} # ''[[Durio crassipes]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]]}} # ''[[Durio dulcis]]'' {{small|[[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]}} # ''[[Durio gerikensis]]'' {{small|M.N.Faizal, Besi, Latiff & Hadrul}} # ''[[Durio graveolens]]'' {{small|[[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]}} # ''[[Durio kinabaluensis]]'' {{small|Kosterm & Soegeng}} # ''[[Durio kutejensis]]'' {{small|[[Justus Carl Hasskarl|Hassk.]] & [[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]}} # ''[[Durio lanceolatus]]'' {{small|Mast.}} # ''[[Durio lissocarpus]]'' {{small|Mast.}} # ''[[Durio lowianus]]'' {{small|Scort. & King}} # ''[[Durio macrantha]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]]}} # ''[[Durio macrolepis]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]]}} # ''[[Durio macrophyllus]]'' {{small|Ridl.}} # ''[[Durio malaccensis]]'' {{small|[[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]]}} # ''[[Durio oblongus]]'' {{small|Mast.}} # ''[[Durio oxleyanus]]'' {{small|Griff.}} # ''[[Durio perakensis]]'' {{small|Salma}} # ''[[Durio pinangianus]]'' {{small|Ridl.}} # ''[[Durio purpureus]]'' {{small|Kosterm. & Soegeng.}} # ''[[Durio singaporensis]]'' {{small|Ridl.}} # ''[[Durio testudinarius]]'' {{small|[[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]}} # ''[[Durio wyatt-smithii]]'' {{small|[[Kosterm.]]}} # ''[[Durio zibethinus]]'' {{small|L.}} {{Div col end}} == Kereban sanding == {{Reflist|2}} == Laman web ke bukai == {{Commons category-inline|Durio|''Durio''}}{{Taxonbar}} sdipyp0f689enlt3vd7gpdiwt9kr5o5 Rian isu 0 6888 19732 2026-09-07T04:22:11Z Song GK 9 Digaga enggau chara nyalin lambar " [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367222766|Durio oxleyanus]] " 19732 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rian isu''' tauka nama botani iya '''''Durio oxleyanus''''' iya nya bansa utai tumbuh ti meruan dalam ruang bilik [[Malvaceae]].<ref name=":32">{{Cite web|title=Durio oxleyanus Griff. - Encyclopedia of Life|url=https://eol.org/pages/5406555|access-date=2021-10-20|website=eol.org}}</ref> Iya kala diengkah dalam ruang bilik [[Bombacaceae]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=K |first=Lim T. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tixF72IuRFwC&q=Durio+oxleyanus&pg=PA563 |title=Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants: Volume 1, Fruits |date=2012-01-03 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-90-481-8661-7 |language=en}}</ref> [[IUCN]] ngerintaika spesis tu nyau deka punas.<ref name=":12">{{Cite journal|last=Sciences|first=Wiguna Rahman (Cibodas Botanic Garden-LIPI (Indonesian Institute of|date=2020-02-07|title=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Durio oxleyanus|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/33907/67805276|journal=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species}}</ref> Iya nyadi utai tumbuh ti tebilang nyadika pemakai [[mensia]] enggau [[mayas]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Phillipps |first=Quentin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0SxzCwAAQBAJ&q=Durio+oxleyanus&pg=PA62 |title=Phillipps' Field Guide to the Mammals of Borneo and Their Ecology: Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei, and Kalimantan |date=2016-05-10 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-16941-5 |language=en}}</ref> == Nama == Nama asal nya nyengkaum: ''durian beludu'' dalam [[jaku Melayu]] di Malaysia;<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Ram J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=inqUIXNxU-oC&q=Durio+oxleyanus&pg=PA1016 |title=Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement: Medicinal Plants |date=2011-09-15 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-4200-7384-3 |pages=107 |language=en}}</ref> ''durian daun'' di [[Sumatera]];<ref name=":12" />''durian sukang'' tauka semina ''sukang'' aja di [[Brunei|menua Brunei]] enggau [[Sabah]];<ref name="Nurdiyanah 6.8.20212">{{cite news|author=Nurdiyanah R.|title='Raja buah' enak dinikmati namun berpada-pada|date=6 August 2021|work=Media Permata Online|language=ms|url=https://mediapermata.com.bn/raja-buah-enak-dinikmati-namun-berpada-pada/|access-date=10 January 2022|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814165536/https://mediapermata.com.bn/raja-buah-enak-dinikmati-namun-berpada-pada/|archive-date=14 August 2021}}</ref><ref name="Izham 23.1.20182">{{cite news|author=Mohd Izham Unnip Abdullah|title=Sukang, buah sebiji isi seulas|date=23 January 2018|work=[[Berita Harian (Malaysia)|BH Online]]|language=ms|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/hujung-minggu/selera/2018/01/379685/sukang-buah-sebiji-isi-seulas|access-date=10 January 2022|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110135348/https://www.bharian.com.my/hujung-minggu/selera/2018/01/379685/sukang-buah-sebiji-isi-seulas|archive-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> enggau ''kerantongan'' tauka ''kerantungan'' di [[Kalimantan]].<ref name=":12" /><ref name="Susilo 11.3.2018">{{cite news|author=Budi Susilo|title=Rasanya Enak, Durio Seperti Durian Tapi Ada Bedanya, Heemmm|date=11 March 2018|work=Tribun Kaltim|language=id|url=https://kaltim.tribunnews.com/2018/03/11/rasanya-enak-durio-seperti-durian-tapi-ada-bedanya-heemmm|access-date=10 January 2022|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311190424/http://kaltim.tribunnews.com/2018/03/11/rasanya-enak-durio-seperti-durian-tapi-ada-bedanya-heemmm|archive-date=11 March 2018}}</ref> == Penerang == Kayu dalam spesis ulih tumbuh nyentuk ngagai 45 meter<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Wiart |first=Christophe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7dLVDwAAQBAJ&q=Durio+oxleyanus&pg=PA270 |title=Medicinal Plants in Asia and Pacific for Parasitic Infections: Botany, Ethnopharmacology, Molecular Basis, and Future Prospect |date=2020-10-20 |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=978-0-12-816812-7 |language=en}}</ref> tauka nyentuk ngagai 50 meter<ref name=":0" /> tinggi sereta ngembuan kulit kayu ti bechura pirang.<ref name=":2" /> Iya bisi ngembuan tukuh penumbuh ti ulih nyukung diri empu mega.<ref name=":32" /> === Buah === Buah kayu nya ngasilka buah ti tau diempa.<ref name=":0" /> Enggau tekstur krim ti lichau enggau asai manis sebaka enggau [[pisang]] tauka [[anggur]].<ref name=":0" /> Buah iya bechura kelabu lalu pemesai iya 15 ngagai 20 sentimeter.<ref name=":4" /> == Guna == Iya jarang ditanam nyadika pemakai ba kandang endur asal iya.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mansfeld |first=Rudolf |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=10IMFSavIMsC&q=Durio+oxleyanus&pg=PA1574 |title=Mansfeld's Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: (Except Ornamentals) |date=2001-04-10 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-3-540-41017-1 |pages=1574 |language=en}}</ref> Kayu ari utai tumbuh tu dikena ngaga rumah.<ref name=":0" /> Spesis tu mega dikena nyadika ubat dikena ngubat [[Malaria]].<ref name=":2" /> Ba [[Indonesia]], iya mega dikena ungkup [[ulser]] enggau [[Telih|bakal]]. Taja pia, utai tumbuh tu bedau dipansik dalam [[farmakologi]].<ref name=":4" /> == Emba == Sida diklasifikasyenka IUCN dalam kelas nyau deka punas ketegal pengawa nebang kampung tanah rendah ti besai. Pemansang kandang mengeri, ngerembaika tanah betanam betupi, kebun industri, enggau pengawa ngelumbung nyadika pengaruh dikena nebang kampung.<ref name=":12" /> == Kereban sanding == {{Reflist|30em}} == Laman web ke bukai == * {{Commons category-inline}} {{Taxonbar}} mb1w50sktgehvzx3thi2ghnoxkj3dec 19734 19732 2026-09-07T04:23:04Z Song GK 9 19734 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox | image = Buah Karatungan 2.JPG | status = NT | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name=":1"/> | genus = Durio | species = oxleyanus | authority = [[William Griffith (botanist)|Griff.]] | synonyms = * ''Durio gratissimus'' [[Becc.]] * ''[[Neesia]] griffithii'' Planch. ex Mast. }} '''Rian isu''' tauka nama botani iya '''''Durio oxleyanus''''' iya nya bansa utai tumbuh ti meruan dalam ruang bilik [[Malvaceae]].<ref name=":32">{{Cite web|title=Durio oxleyanus Griff. - Encyclopedia of Life|url=https://eol.org/pages/5406555|access-date=2021-10-20|website=eol.org}}</ref> Iya kala diengkah dalam ruang bilik [[Bombacaceae]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=K |first=Lim T. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tixF72IuRFwC&q=Durio+oxleyanus&pg=PA563 |title=Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants: Volume 1, Fruits |date=2012-01-03 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-90-481-8661-7 |language=en}}</ref> [[IUCN]] ngerintaika spesis tu nyau deka punas.<ref name=":12">{{Cite journal|last=Sciences|first=Wiguna Rahman (Cibodas Botanic Garden-LIPI (Indonesian Institute of|date=2020-02-07|title=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Durio oxleyanus|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/33907/67805276|journal=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species}}</ref> Iya nyadi utai tumbuh ti tebilang nyadika pemakai [[mensia]] enggau [[mayas]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Phillipps |first=Quentin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0SxzCwAAQBAJ&q=Durio+oxleyanus&pg=PA62 |title=Phillipps' Field Guide to the Mammals of Borneo and Their Ecology: Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei, and Kalimantan |date=2016-05-10 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-16941-5 |language=en}}</ref> == Nama == Nama asal nya nyengkaum: ''durian beludu'' dalam [[jaku Melayu]] di Malaysia;<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Ram J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=inqUIXNxU-oC&q=Durio+oxleyanus&pg=PA1016 |title=Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement: Medicinal Plants |date=2011-09-15 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-4200-7384-3 |pages=107 |language=en}}</ref> ''durian daun'' di [[Sumatera]];<ref name=":12" />''durian sukang'' tauka semina ''sukang'' aja di [[Brunei|menua Brunei]] enggau [[Sabah]];<ref name="Nurdiyanah 6.8.20212">{{cite news|author=Nurdiyanah R.|title='Raja buah' enak dinikmati namun berpada-pada|date=6 August 2021|work=Media Permata Online|language=ms|url=https://mediapermata.com.bn/raja-buah-enak-dinikmati-namun-berpada-pada/|access-date=10 January 2022|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814165536/https://mediapermata.com.bn/raja-buah-enak-dinikmati-namun-berpada-pada/|archive-date=14 August 2021}}</ref><ref name="Izham 23.1.20182">{{cite news|author=Mohd Izham Unnip Abdullah|title=Sukang, buah sebiji isi seulas|date=23 January 2018|work=[[Berita Harian (Malaysia)|BH Online]]|language=ms|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/hujung-minggu/selera/2018/01/379685/sukang-buah-sebiji-isi-seulas|access-date=10 January 2022|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110135348/https://www.bharian.com.my/hujung-minggu/selera/2018/01/379685/sukang-buah-sebiji-isi-seulas|archive-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> enggau ''kerantongan'' tauka ''kerantungan'' di [[Kalimantan]].<ref name=":12" /><ref name="Susilo 11.3.2018">{{cite news|author=Budi Susilo|title=Rasanya Enak, Durio Seperti Durian Tapi Ada Bedanya, Heemmm|date=11 March 2018|work=Tribun Kaltim|language=id|url=https://kaltim.tribunnews.com/2018/03/11/rasanya-enak-durio-seperti-durian-tapi-ada-bedanya-heemmm|access-date=10 January 2022|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311190424/http://kaltim.tribunnews.com/2018/03/11/rasanya-enak-durio-seperti-durian-tapi-ada-bedanya-heemmm|archive-date=11 March 2018}}</ref> == Penerang == Kayu dalam spesis ulih tumbuh nyentuk ngagai 45 meter<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Wiart |first=Christophe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7dLVDwAAQBAJ&q=Durio+oxleyanus&pg=PA270 |title=Medicinal Plants in Asia and Pacific for Parasitic Infections: Botany, Ethnopharmacology, Molecular Basis, and Future Prospect |date=2020-10-20 |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=978-0-12-816812-7 |language=en}}</ref> tauka nyentuk ngagai 50 meter<ref name=":0" /> tinggi sereta ngembuan kulit kayu ti bechura pirang.<ref name=":2" /> Iya bisi ngembuan tukuh penumbuh ti ulih nyukung diri empu mega.<ref name=":32" /> === Buah === Buah kayu nya ngasilka buah ti tau diempa.<ref name=":0" /> Enggau tekstur krim ti lichau enggau asai manis sebaka enggau [[pisang]] tauka [[anggur]].<ref name=":0" /> Buah iya bechura kelabu lalu pemesai iya 15 ngagai 20 sentimeter.<ref name=":4" /> == Guna == Iya jarang ditanam nyadika pemakai ba kandang endur asal iya.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mansfeld |first=Rudolf |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=10IMFSavIMsC&q=Durio+oxleyanus&pg=PA1574 |title=Mansfeld's Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: (Except Ornamentals) |date=2001-04-10 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-3-540-41017-1 |pages=1574 |language=en}}</ref> Kayu ari utai tumbuh tu dikena ngaga rumah.<ref name=":0" /> Spesis tu mega dikena nyadika ubat dikena ngubat [[Malaria]].<ref name=":2" /> Ba [[Indonesia]], iya mega dikena ungkup [[ulser]] enggau [[Telih|bakal]]. Taja pia, utai tumbuh tu bedau dipansik dalam [[farmakologi]].<ref name=":4" /> == Emba == Sida diklasifikasyenka IUCN dalam kelas nyau deka punas ketegal pengawa nebang kampung tanah rendah ti besai. Pemansang kandang mengeri, ngerembaika tanah betanam betupi, kebun industri, enggau pengawa ngelumbung nyadika pengaruh dikena nebang kampung.<ref name=":12" /> == Kereban sanding == {{Reflist|30em}} == Laman web ke bukai == * {{Commons category-inline}} {{Taxonbar}} 7adlrojcp8fbysajs2upf5pv2der0h9 Durio oxleyanus 0 6889 19733 2026-09-07T04:22:33Z Song GK 9 Melencong ke [[Rian isu]] 19733 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Rian isu]] rvo2cz9uvud3m7l0xlpbo2j90kddyuu