Wikipedia igwiki https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihu_mb%E1%BB%A5 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.2 first-letter Midia Ọpụrụiche Ńkàtá Ojiarụ Ńkàtá ojiarụ Wikipedia Ńkàtá Wikipedia Faịlụ Ńkàtá faịlụ MidiaWiki Ńkàtá MidiaWiki Templeeti Ńkàtá templeeti Enyemaka Ńkàtá enyemaka Otú Ńkàtá otú Édēchághị́ Ńkàtá Édēchághị́ TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 8989 638097 183133 2026-05-16T14:30:01Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nri ndị Igbo''' bụ '''nri''' dị iche iche eji mara ndị [[Ndị Ìgbò|Igbo na]] ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke [[Naijiria|Nigeria]] . Ihe oriri ha agụnyere ụdị nri di iche iche, otu esi esi ha, na ụdị akwụkwọ nri dị iche iche anụ,nakwa mkpụrụosisi ndị mejupụtara nri omenala ha. Nri Igbo, dị ka ọ dị n'omenaala niile, enweela ihe mgbanwe site n' gburugburu ha, mmekọrita ndi agbata obi ha nakwa akụkọ eji mara ha. [[Usòrò:Abacha (or Afrcan Salad).jpg|thumb|Abacha]] E nwere ọtụtụ erimeri eji mara ndị Igbo mana nke kacha pụta ihe ndi igbo na South-East na South-South na-eri bụ Abacha bụ nke a makwaara nke ọma dị ka Salad Africa. Abacha bụ nri na ewu ewu n'ala igbo niile di n'ọdịda anyanwụ nke Nigeria. Ọ bụ site n'akpụ akwọrọ,echere n'anwụ, mmanụ nri,akanwụ,yabasị eberiri eberi,nnu, ose kpọrọ nkụ,isha akwọrọ akwọ,ụtazi ebere ebe, magị na ụgba. E nwere ike iri abacha dika ihe eji ejide agụụ maọbụ nri zuru oke. A na-eji azụ ọkpọọ/asa maọbụ kpọmo wee rie ya (anụ ahụ ehi). [[Usòrò:Ọha Soup and Garri.jpg|thumb]] Nri sekpụ ntị na nri ndị igbo bụ ofe ha. Ofe ndị akacha mara bụ ofe Ọha, onugbo, Egwusi na NsalaIsi ihe ndi Igbo bu nri ya. Achịcha ndị a na-adọrọ mmasị bụ Oha, Onugbu, Egwusi na Nsala (white soup) . Ji bụ nri ndi igbo na-erikari , a na-esi ya esi maọbụ sụọ ya asụ were ofe rie ya. == Ihe oriri ndị kacha pụta ihe == * Nri ji ma'obu akpu na ofe Ọha <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.travelstart.com.ng/blog/22-foods-nigerians-miss-most-while-living-abroad/ |title=22 Foods Nigerians Miss Most While Living Abroad |accessdate=2019-06-17 |archivedate=2019-06-17 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617143051/http://www.travelstart.com.ng/blog/22-foods-nigerians-miss-most-while-living-abroad/ }}</ref> * [[Usòrò:Egusi and bitter leaf soup..jpg|thumb|Egwusi]]Nri ji ma'obu akpu na ofe Egwusi * Nri ji ma'obu akpu na ofe Nsala * [[Usòrò:Bitter leaf soup (Ofe Onugbu).jpg|thumb|Ede]]Nri ji ma'obu na ofe Onugbu * Nri ji ma'obu akpu na ofe Ọkrọ * [[Usòrò:Ji akwụkwọ nri (yam vegetable).jpg|thumb]]Ji Akwukwo nri * [[Usòrò:Nkwobi Served in a wooden pot.jpg|thumb]]Nkwobi * Abacha * [[Usòrò:Okpa served.jpg|thumb]]Ọkpa * Akịdị na ji * Anyụ * Ede na akwukwo nri * ụkwa == Ebe nsi nweta == {{References}} == Njikọ ndị dị n'èzí == * [http://allnigerianfoods.com/igbo-foods Igbo Foods | A complete list of igbo foods eaten by Igbo People] [[Òtù:Igbo foods]] [[Òtù:Igbo people]] [[Òtù:Igbo culture]] [[Òtù:Igbo cuisine]] muvb3jx6xwalorsoedgcalpye431e9a 2 9330 638142 64677 2026-05-17T00:26:48Z Milenioscuro 8567 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Mali - Tombouctou.svg]] → [[File:Tombouctou in Mali 2023.svg]] new administrative boundaries 638142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q743074 } |section= |sort=label |sort_order=asca |columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P18:Image,P242:Map |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' style='width:100%' !Article !description !Country !Image !Map |- | ''[[:d:Q55747201|Bamako Capital District]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q332392|Gao Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:GaoPirogeNiger1990.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Gao.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q332113|Kayes Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Dinguira-Logo.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Kayes.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q338988|Kidal Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Maison artisans.JPG|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Kidal.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q287789|Koulikoro Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:View over Kulikoro.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Koulikoro.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3455550|Ménaka Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | [[Usòrò:Cercle of Ménaka.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q214155|Mopti Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Village du plateau Dogon.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Mopti.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q656845|Ségou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Segou market.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Ségou.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q461298|Sikasso Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso marche tomat 2008.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Sikasso.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2424657|Taoudénit Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q339462|Tombouctou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Timbuktu Street Scene 2.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Tombouctou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} loj3b8i866zwh314kexf8qkj384fzx8 638143 638142 2026-05-17T00:35:13Z Milenioscuro 8567 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Mali - Ségou.svg]] → [[File:Ségou in Mali 2023.svg]] new administrative boundaries 638143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q743074 } |section= |sort=label |sort_order=asca |columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P18:Image,P242:Map |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' style='width:100%' !Article !description !Country !Image !Map |- | ''[[:d:Q55747201|Bamako Capital District]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q332392|Gao Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:GaoPirogeNiger1990.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Gao.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q332113|Kayes Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Dinguira-Logo.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Kayes.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q338988|Kidal Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Maison artisans.JPG|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Kidal.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q287789|Koulikoro Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:View over Kulikoro.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Koulikoro.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3455550|Ménaka Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | [[Usòrò:Cercle of Ménaka.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q214155|Mopti Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Village du plateau Dogon.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Mopti.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q656845|Ségou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Segou market.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Ségou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q461298|Sikasso Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso marche tomat 2008.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Sikasso.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2424657|Taoudénit Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q339462|Tombouctou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Timbuktu Street Scene 2.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Tombouctou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} cbyzkhkqcjagruq5d3akzy35b633cn6 638144 638143 2026-05-17T00:41:30Z Milenioscuro 8567 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Mali - Sikasso.svg]] → [[File:Sikasso in Mali 2023.svg]] new administrative boundaries 638144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q743074 } |section= |sort=label |sort_order=asca |columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P18:Image,P242:Map |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' style='width:100%' !Article !description !Country !Image !Map |- | ''[[:d:Q55747201|Bamako Capital District]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q332392|Gao Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:GaoPirogeNiger1990.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Gao.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q332113|Kayes Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Dinguira-Logo.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Kayes.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q338988|Kidal Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Maison artisans.JPG|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Kidal.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q287789|Koulikoro Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:View over Kulikoro.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Koulikoro.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3455550|Ménaka Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | [[Usòrò:Cercle of Ménaka.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q214155|Mopti Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Village du plateau Dogon.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Mopti.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q656845|Ségou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Segou market.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Ségou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q461298|Sikasso Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso marche tomat 2008.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2424657|Taoudénit Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q339462|Tombouctou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Timbuktu Street Scene 2.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Tombouctou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} ex3ludcj1z3hc77h84abai94mn64qb6 638146 638144 2026-05-17T00:50:15Z Milenioscuro 8567 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Mali - Mopti.svg]] → [[File:Mopti in Mali 2023.svg]] new administrative boundaries 638146 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q743074 } |section= |sort=label |sort_order=asca |columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P18:Image,P242:Map |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' style='width:100%' !Article !description !Country !Image !Map |- | ''[[:d:Q55747201|Bamako Capital District]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q332392|Gao Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:GaoPirogeNiger1990.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Gao.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q332113|Kayes Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Dinguira-Logo.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Kayes.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q338988|Kidal Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Maison artisans.JPG|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Kidal.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q287789|Koulikoro Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:View over Kulikoro.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Koulikoro.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3455550|Ménaka Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | [[Usòrò:Cercle of Ménaka.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q214155|Mopti Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Village du plateau Dogon.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mopti in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q656845|Ségou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Segou market.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Ségou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q461298|Sikasso Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso marche tomat 2008.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2424657|Taoudénit Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q339462|Tombouctou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Timbuktu Street Scene 2.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Tombouctou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} 9hwww0trhqsepj0xgexmkwvm6xkbc6u 638148 638146 2026-05-17T01:02:24Z Milenioscuro 8567 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Mali - Koulikoro.svg]] → [[File:Koulikoro in Mali 2023.svg]] new administrative boundaries 638148 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q743074 } |section= |sort=label |sort_order=asca |columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P18:Image,P242:Map |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' style='width:100%' !Article !description !Country !Image !Map |- | ''[[:d:Q55747201|Bamako Capital District]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q332392|Gao Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:GaoPirogeNiger1990.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Gao.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q332113|Kayes Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Dinguira-Logo.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Kayes.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q338988|Kidal Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Maison artisans.JPG|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Kidal.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q287789|Koulikoro Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:View over Kulikoro.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Koulikoro in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3455550|Ménaka Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | [[Usòrò:Cercle of Ménaka.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q214155|Mopti Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Village du plateau Dogon.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mopti in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q656845|Ségou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Segou market.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Ségou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q461298|Sikasso Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso marche tomat 2008.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2424657|Taoudénit Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q339462|Tombouctou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Timbuktu Street Scene 2.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Tombouctou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} qrqbdvfiln6f5gccs749a1rcpmc4v5z 638149 638148 2026-05-17T01:12:59Z Milenioscuro 8567 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Mali - Kidal.svg]] → [[File:Kidal in Mali 2023.svg]] new administrative boundaries 638149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q743074 } |section= |sort=label |sort_order=asca |columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P18:Image,P242:Map |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' style='width:100%' !Article !description !Country !Image !Map |- | ''[[:d:Q55747201|Bamako Capital District]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q332392|Gao Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:GaoPirogeNiger1990.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Gao.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q332113|Kayes Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Dinguira-Logo.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Kayes.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q338988|Kidal Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Maison artisans.JPG|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Kidal in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q287789|Koulikoro Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:View over Kulikoro.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Koulikoro in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3455550|Ménaka Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | [[Usòrò:Cercle of Ménaka.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q214155|Mopti Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Village du plateau Dogon.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mopti in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q656845|Ségou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Segou market.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Ségou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q461298|Sikasso Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso marche tomat 2008.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2424657|Taoudénit Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q339462|Tombouctou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Timbuktu Street Scene 2.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Tombouctou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} 2uty99os56v0owp8mqmh97hw608mjcc 638151 638149 2026-05-17T01:24:46Z Milenioscuro 8567 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Mali - Kayes.svg]] → [[File:Kayes in Mali 2023.svg]] new administrative boundaries 638151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q743074 } |section= |sort=label |sort_order=asca |columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P18:Image,P242:Map |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' style='width:100%' !Article !description !Country !Image !Map |- | ''[[:d:Q55747201|Bamako Capital District]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q332392|Gao Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:GaoPirogeNiger1990.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mali - Gao.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q332113|Kayes Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Dinguira-Logo.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Kayes in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q338988|Kidal Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Maison artisans.JPG|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Kidal in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q287789|Koulikoro Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:View over Kulikoro.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Koulikoro in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3455550|Ménaka Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | [[Usòrò:Cercle of Ménaka.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q214155|Mopti Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Village du plateau Dogon.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mopti in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q656845|Ségou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Segou market.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Ségou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q461298|Sikasso Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso marche tomat 2008.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2424657|Taoudénit Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q339462|Tombouctou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Timbuktu Street Scene 2.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Tombouctou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} rtlyk1fy8qa67bzisn4emtqho4krvq0 638153 638151 2026-05-17T01:42:00Z Milenioscuro 8567 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Mali - Gao.svg]] → [[File:Gao in Mali 2023.svg]] new administrative boundaries 638153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q743074 } |section= |sort=label |sort_order=asca |columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P18:Image,P242:Map |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' style='width:100%' !Article !description !Country !Image !Map |- | ''[[:d:Q55747201|Bamako Capital District]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q332392|Gao Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:GaoPirogeNiger1990.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Gao in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q332113|Kayes Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Dinguira-Logo.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Kayes in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q338988|Kidal Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Maison artisans.JPG|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Kidal in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q287789|Koulikoro Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:View over Kulikoro.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Koulikoro in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3455550|Ménaka Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | [[Usòrò:Cercle of Ménaka.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q214155|Mopti Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Village du plateau Dogon.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Mopti in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q656845|Ségou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Segou market.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Ségou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q461298|Sikasso Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso marche tomat 2008.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Sikasso in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2424657|Taoudénit Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | | |- | ''[[:d:Q339462|Tombouctou Region]]'' | | [[Mali]] | [[Usòrò:Timbuktu Street Scene 2.jpg|center|128px]] | [[Usòrò:Tombouctou in Mali 2023.svg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} hvg0qst696kh5plih7xtkapbj4ygykw 0 11591 638094 206160 2026-05-16T14:16:35Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Usòrò:IfeomaAjunwa2014.jpg|thumb|Ifeoma Yvonne Ajunwa]] '''Ifeoma Yvonne Ajunwa''' bu onye (amụrụ 26 Ọktoba 1980) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.martindale.com/ithaca/new-york/ifeoma-yvonne-ajunwa-168941488-a/|title=Ifeoma Yvonne Ajunwa Profile {{!}} Ithaca, NY Lawyer {{!}} Martindale.com}} </ref> bụ onye odee akwukwo na Naijiria na onye prọfesọ nke iwu na Mahadum North Carolina Scool of law na United States. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Carolina Law Expands Outstanding Faculty With Two New Hires|url=https://law.unc.edu/news/2020/09/carolina-law-expands-outstanding-faculty-with-two-new-hires/|accessdate=2021-06-24|work=UNC School of Law|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye isi ntọala nke Mmemme Mkpebi Nchoputa AI (AI-DR) na Iwu UNC. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa|url=https://law.unc.edu/people/ifeoma-ajunwa/|accessdate=2021-06-24|work=UNC School of Law|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-06-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204620/https://law.unc.edu/people/ifeoma-ajunwa/}}</ref> Ọ bụ bu onye enyemaka Prọfesọ nke iwu ọrụ na ọrụ na Mahadum Cornell site na 2017-2020, na-enweta ọrụ ebe ahụ na 2020. <ref name="ilr">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilr.cornell.edu/people/ifeoma-ajunwa|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=gXDBC9oAAAAJ|title=Google Scholar - Ifeoma Ajunwa|publisher=Google Scholar|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> Ọ bụbu onye mmekọ ngalaba na Berkman Klein Center na Harvard Law School kemgbe 2017. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-04|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa {{!}} Berkman Klein Center|url=https://cyber.harvard.edu/people/iajunwa|accessdate=2021-06-24|work=cyber.harvard.edu|language=en}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Ajunwa nwetara BA na Mahadum California, Davis na 2003, JD ya na Mahadum San Francisco School of Law na 2007, na MPhil na PhD na Sociology na Mahadum Columbia na 2012 na 2017, n'otu n'otu. <ref name="lawschool">{{Cite web|url=https://www.lawschool.cornell.edu/faculty/bio.cfm?id=864|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> <ref name="datasociety">{{Cite web|url=https://datasociety.net/people/ajunwa-ifeoma/|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> Ajunwa bụ onye Ọkammụta McNair dị ka nwa akwụkwọ ohuru na mahadum, natara AAUW nhọrọ Profeson mgbakọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu, ma bụrụ Paul F. Lazersfeld Fellow dị ka nwa akwụkwọ PhD. <ref name="datasociety" /> Josh Whitford nyere ndụmọdụ maka mmụta PhD Ajunwa. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sociology.columbia.edu/content/josh-whitford|title=Josh Whitford|accessdate=2019-10-24}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1602900|title=Award Abstract #1602900 - Doctoral Dissertation Research: Re-entry organizations and the formally incarcerated|accessdate=2019-10-24}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ajunwa bụ onye ode akwụkwọ mara mma na onye prọfesọ na-ahụ maka iwu na Mahadum North Carolina School of Law ebe ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi ntọala nke Mmemme Mkpebi Nchoputa AI (AI-DR). <ref name=":0"/> Tupu nke ahụ, Ajunwa bụ prọfesọ na Cornell University School of Industrial and Labor Relations <ref name="ilr"/> na onye otu ngalaba na Cornell Law School . <ref name="lawschool"/> Ọ bụ onye otu ngalaba na Berkman Klein Center for Internet &amp;amp; Society na Harvard University, <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-24|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa {{!}} Berkman Klein Center|url=https://cyber.harvard.edu/people/iajunwa|accessdate=2020-07-07|work=cyber.harvard.edu|language=en}}</ref> ebe ọ bụbu onye otu sitere na 2016-2017 na onye nkuzi na Harvard Law School ,. <ref name="lawschool" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cyber.harvard.edu/people/iajunwa|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka [[Nyocha Microsoft|Microsoft Research]] Nyocha NYC Intern na 2015. <ref name="datasociety"/> Mmasị nyocha nke Ajunwa dị na njikọ nke iwu na teknụzụ na-nlekwasi anya na njikwa ụkpụrụ omume nke teknụzụ ebe ọrụ, agbụrụ na teknụzụ, ọchịchị ụlọ ọrụ, na nha anya ahụike na nzuzo. Nchọcha ya lekwasịrị anya n'ụdị dị iche iche na nsonye n'ahịa ọrụ na ebe ọrụ. <ref name="lawschool"/> Ọ ga-ebipụta akwụkwọ - "The Quantified Worker" - na Press ụlọ akwụkwọ ụkwụ Cambridge <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cyber.harvard.edu/events/2017/luncheon/05/Ajunwa|title=The Quantified Worker|publisher=Berkman Klein Center|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> <ref name="ifeomaajunwa">{{Cite web|url=http://ifeomaajunwa.com|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa, J.D., Ph.D.|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> Mahadum Cornell nyere Ajunwa ikike na Mee 22, 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Cornell University ILR School|url=https://www.facebook.com/ILRSchool/posts/3200246816664479|accessdate=2020-07-07|work=www.facebook.com|language=en}}</ref> Na Febụwarị 5, 2020, Ajunwa gbara akaebe na Kọmitii Ndị Nnọchiteanya US na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ na- ege ntị na "Ọdịnihu nke Ọrụ: Chebe ikike obodo nke ndị ọrụ na Digital Age". Ọ tụlere ọgụgụ isi na-eme ka mmadụ nwee ike ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'ịkwa ọrụ wee kwado maka iwu na-echekwa nzuzo data nkeonwe na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa n'ebe ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2020/02/ajunwa-congress-help-stop-employers-ai-fueled-bias|title=Ajunwa to Congress: Help stop employers' AI-fueled bias|publisher=[[Cornell Chronicle]]|date=February 11, 2020|accessdate=2020-05-18}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://edlabor.house.gov/imo/media/doc/AjunwaTestimony02052020.pdf|title=Hearing on The Future of Work: Protecting Workers' Civil Rights in the Digital Age - Prepared Testimony of Professor Ifeoma Ajunwa, J.D., Ph.D.|publisher=[[United States House of Representatives]] [[United States House Committee on Education and Labor|Committee on Education and Labor]], Joint Hearing of Subcommittee on Civil Rights and Human Services|date=February 5, 2020|accessdate=2020-05-18|archivedate=2020-07-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727194915/https://edlabor.house.gov/imo/media/doc/AjunwaTestimony02052020.pdf}}</ref> Na Mee 6, 2018, Ajunwa bụ onye na- [https://web.archive.org/web/20220222234806/https://www.tedxcornell.com/ ekwu okwu TEDx na Mahadum Cornell] ebe o gosipụtara okwu gbasara esemokwu nke ụkpụrụ omume na teknụzụ na ebe ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-26|title=TEDxCornell to Host 'Eclectic' Fourth Conference|url=https://cornellsun.com/2018/04/26/tedxcornell-to-host-eclectic-fourth-conference/|accessdate=2020-07-07|work=The Cornell Daily Sun|language=en-US}}</ref> Na Cornell, Ajunwa jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche na ọtụtụ bọọdụ ndụmọdụ, gụnyere maka Institute for Africa Development <ref>{{Cite web|title=People {{!}} Institute for African Development {{!}} Einaudi Center|url=https://einaudi.cornell.edu/programs/institute-african-development/people|accessdate=2020-07-07|work=einaudi.cornell.edu}}</ref> na Cornell Prison Education Programme (CPEP). <ref>{{Cite web|title=Our People {{!}} Cornell Prison Education Program|url=https://cpep.cornell.edu/about-us/advisory-board/|accessdate=2020-07-07|language=en-US}}</ref> Na nso nso a, Ajunwa nwetara Fulbright ka ọ mụọ gbasara iwu gbasara mmalite teknụzụ na Naijiria. <ref name="law.unc.edu">{{Cite web|title=Ajunwa Selected for Nigeria Fulbright Scholar Award|url=https://law.unc.edu/news/2021/05/ajunwa-nigeria-fulbright-scholar-award/|accessdate=2021-06-24|work=UNC School of Law|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu Ajunwa gụnyere: * 2006: AAUW Selected Professions Fellowship * 2010: Paul F. Lazersfeld Fellow, Columbia University * 2018: Derrick A. Bell Award from the Association of American Law Schools<ref name="ilr"/><ref name="ifeomaajunwa"/> * 2018-2019: Keeton House Fellow, Cornell University<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://williamkeetonhouse.cornell.edu/people/House-Fellows.cfm|title=William Keeton House - House Fellows|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * 2019: NSF CAREER Award<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilr.cornell.edu/news/national-science-foundation-research-award-received-ajunwa|title=National Science Foundation research award received by Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-10-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1848213|title=Award Abstract #1848213 - CAREER: The Development, Design, and Ethical Issues of Algorithmic Hiring Tools|accessdate=2019-10-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://research.cornell.edu/research/using-artificial-intelligence-select-job-candidates|title=Using Artificial Intelligence to Select Job Candidates|date=14 November 2019|publisher=Cornell Research|accessdate=2019-11-26}}</ref> * 2020: Faculty Champion Award, Cornell University <ref>{{Cite web|title=2020 Graduate Diversity & Inclusion Awardees : Graduate School|url=https://gradschool.cornell.edu/diversity-inclusion/graduate-diversity-inclusion-awards/graduate-diversity-inclusion-awardees-2020/|accessdate=2020-07-07|work=gradschool.cornell.edu}}</ref> * 2021-2022: Fulbright Scholar (host country: Nigeria)<ref name="law.unc.edu"/> == Ọrụ ahọpụtara == Edemede mmụta Ajunwa gụnyere: Maka nyocha iwu: <ref name="Publications – Ifeoma Ajunwa">{{Cite web|title=Publications – Ifeoma Ajunwa|url=http://ifeomaajunwa.com/?page_id=11|accessdate=2020-07-07|language=en-US}}</ref> # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3437631 Ihe dị mkpa nleba anya maka sistemụ nnye ọrụ akpaaka], 34 Harv. JL & Teknụzụ. 1 (2021). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2746078 Paradox nke akpaaka dị ka Mgbochi-Ahụhụanya Intervention], 41 Cardozo. L. Mkpu.1671(2020). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3142979 Ịkpa oke afọ site na Platform], 40 Berkeley J. Emp. & Ụlọ nyocha. L.1 (2019). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3247286 Algorithms na-arụ ọrụ: Ngwa nlekota oru na teknụzụ Wearable], 63 St. Louis ULJ 21 (2019). Ife # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3192617 Ịlụso ịkpa ókè agbụrụ megide ndị a tụrụ mkpọrọ n'ahịa ọrụ], 112 Nw. UL Mkpu. 1385 (2018). (ya na Prọfesọ Angela Onwuachi-Willig ). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2746211 Onyunyo] ndị ọrụ enweghị oke, 105 Cal. L. Rev. 736 (2017) (ya na Prọfesọ Jason Schultz na Kate Crawford ). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2460897 Data Genetic na ikike obodo], 51 Harv. CR-CLL Mkpu. 75 (2016). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2460898 Akwụkwọ ozi uhie uhie nke oge a], 83 Fordham L. Mkpu. 2999 (2015). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2460891 Nnwale mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na-ezute nnukwu data: Mkpagbu na Iwu nkwekọrịta], 75 Ohio St. LJ 1225 (2014). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2460859 Ogwe ọjọọ: Nyocha dabere na nhazi nke mmetọ ndị ruuru mmadụ n'ime sistemu Carceral America], 17 U. PA. JL & Soc. Mgbanwe 75 (2014). Maka nyocha ndị ọgbọ na mbipụta ndị ọzọ: <ref name="Publications – Ifeoma Ajunwa"/> # "Ọsọ, Ọrụ, na Ọdịnihu nke Ọrụ," Oxford Handbook of Race and Law na United States, Eds. Devon Carbado, Emily Houh, na Kharara Bridges (ntụnye aka akpọrọ) (2020 na-abịa) # " Igbe ojii na-arụ ọrụ "Nke Pụrụ Iche nke Big Data na Society, Eds. Frank Pasquale na Benedetta Brevini (ntụnye aka akpọrọ) (2020 na-abịa) # [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0229044 Ịgbanwe echiche ọha na eze na uru DNA mmadụ nwere na atụmanya maka ọchịchị nchekwa data genomic: Nsonaazụ sitere na nyocha mba] Briscoe F, Ajunwa I, Gaddis A, McCormick J (2020) PLOS ONE 15(3): e0229044. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229044</nowiki> # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3248675 "Ngwaọrụ na-arụ ọrụ: Platform na-akwụ ụgwọ na-akpaghị aka na ndị ọzọ na-emekọrịta ihe na nhazi nke ebe ọrụ."] (ya na Daniel Greene) Na Ọrụ na Ọrụ na Digital Age. Nnyocha na Sociology nke Ọrụ. Ebipụtara na ntanetị: 14 Jun 2019; 61-91. # Ajunwa, I. & Caplan, R. (2018). Teknụzụ DNA. SAGE Encyclopedia nke onyunyo, nchekwa na nzuzo. (ntụnye a kpọrọ). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2837797 "Akụkọ ahụike na nnukwu data: Usoro ụkpụrụ omume maka mkpokọta ozi ahụike site na mmemme ahụike ụlọ ọrụ"], Journal of Law, Medicine, and Ethics, 44 (2016): 474-480 (ya na Kate Crawford na Joel Ford). Edemede mgbasa ozi ọha nke Ajunwa gụnyere: <ref name="Publications – Ifeoma Ajunwa"/> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Can We Trust Corporate Commitments to Racial Equity?", Forbes, February 23, 2021<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ifeomaajunwa/2021/02/23/can-we-trust-corporate-commitments-to-racial-equity/amp/|title=Can We Trust Corporate Commitments to Racial Equity?|work=[[Forbes]]|date=February 23, 2021|accessdate=2021-08-06}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, Forrest Briscoe, "The Answer to a COVID-19 Vaccine May Lie in Our Genes, But ...", Scientific American, May 13, 2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/the-answer-to-a-covid-19-vaccine-may-lie-in-our-genes-but/|title=The Answer to a COVID-19 Vaccine May Lie in Our Genes, But ...|publisher=[[Scientific American]]|date=May 13, 2020|accessdate=2020-06-18}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Beware of Automated Hiring", The New York Times, October 8, 2019<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/08/opinion/ai-hiring-discrimination.html|title=Beware of Automated Hiring|work=The New York Times|date=8 October 2019|accessdate=2019-10-11|author=Ajunwa|first=Ifeoma}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "The Rise of Platform Authoritarianism", ACLU, April 10, 2018<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aclu.org/issues/privacy-technology/surveillance-technologies/rise-platform-authoritarianism|title=The Rise of Platform Authoritarianism|publisher=ACLU|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Facebook users aren’t the reason Facebook is in trouble now", Washington Post, March 23, 2018<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/posteverything/wp/2018/03/23/facebook-users-arent-the-reason-facebook-is-in-trouble-now|title=Facebook users aren't the reason Facebook is in trouble now|work=Washington Post|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Corporate Surveillance Is Turning Human Workers Into Fungible Cogs", The Atlantic, May 19, 2017<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2017/05/corporate-surveillance-is-turning-human-workers-into-fungible-cogs/524961/|title=Corporate Surveillance Is Turning Human Workers Into Fungible Cogs|date=19 May 2017|publisher=The Atlantic|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Workplace Wellness Programs Could Be Putting Your Health Data at Risk", Harvard Business Review, January 19, 2017<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://hbr.org/2017/01/workplace-wellness-programs-could-be-putting-your-health-data-at-risk|title=Workplace Wellness Programs Could Be Putting Your Health Data at Risk|journal=Harvard Business Review|date=19 January 2017|accessdate=2019-04-13|author=Ajunwa|first=Ifeoma}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "A call to 'ban the box' on college applications", Washington Examiner, November 10, 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/a-call-to-ban-the-box-on-college-applications|title=A call to 'ban the box' on college applications|date=10 November 2015|publisher=Washington Examiner|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "The other big US Supreme Court decision we should be celebrating is one no one’s talking about", Quartz, June 29, 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://qz.com/438704/the-other-big-supreme-court-decision-we-should-be-celebrating-is-one-no-ones-talking-about/|title=The other big US Supreme Court decision we should be celebrating is one no one's talking about|publisher=Quartz|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "There’s No Guarantee of Anonymity", The New York Times, March 4, 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2015/03/02/23andme-and-the-promise-of-anonymous-genetic-testing-10/theres-no-guarantee-of-anonymity|title=There's No Guarantee of Anonymity|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Do You Know Where Your Health Data Is?", Huffington Post, February 13, 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/do-you-know-where-your-he_b_6673304|title=Do You Know Where Your Health Data Is?|date=13 February 2015|publisher=Huffington Post|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "For Ebola Response - Think Infrastructure, Not Donations", Huffington Post, November 30, 2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/for-ebola-response-think_b_6244344|title=For Ebola Response - Think Infrastructure, Not Donations|date=30 November 2014|publisher=Huffington Post|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "West Africa Does Not Need Your Donations to Fight Ebola", Huffington Post, November 13, 2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/west-africa-does-not-need_b_6152094|title=West Africa Does Not Need Your Donations to Fight Ebola|date=13 November 2014|publisher=Huffington Post|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> == Mkpuchi mgbasa ozi == * "Ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ na-atụgharị na Teknụzụ Nchọgharị iji hụ na emepegharịghị nke ọma", NPR echerela ihe niile, Mee 7, 2020 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/05/07/852319535/some-companies-are-turning-to-tracking-technologies-to-ensure-safe-reopening|title=Some Companies Are Turning To Tracking Technologies To Ensure Safe Reopening|publisher=[[NPR]], [[All Things Considered]]|date=May 7, 2020|accessdate=2020-06-18}}</ref> * "Ị na-arụ ọrụ site n'ụlọ, mana ụlọ ọrụ gị ka na-ekiri gị", akwụkwọ akụkọ Wall Street, Eprel 18, 2020 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/youre-working-from-home-but-your-company-is-still-watching-you-11587202201|title=You're Working From Home, but Your Company Is Still Watching You|publisher=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|date=April 18, 2020|accessdate=2020-06-18}}</ref> * "Uru dị ugbu a: Ifeoma Ajunwa nke ILR na nsogbu ịma aka nke teknụzụ na ebe ọrụ", Cornell SC Johnson College of Business, July 25, 2019 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://business.cornell.edu/hub/2019/07/25/ifeoma-ajunwa-challenges-technology-workplace/|title=Present Value: ILR's Ifeoma Ajunwa on the ethical challenges of technology in the workplace|date=25 July 2019|publisher=Cornell SC Johnson College of Business|accessdate=2019-10-11}}</ref> * "Ihe ịma aka omume na teknụzụ dị n'ebe ọrụ", Pọdkastị bara uru dị ugbu a, Julaị 8, 2019 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.presentvaluepodcast.com/podcast/episode/947c0241/ethical-challenges-with-technology-in-the-workplace-or-ifeoma-ajunwa|title=Ethical Challenges with Technology in the Workplace|publisher=Present Value Podcast|accessdate=2019-10-11}}</ref> * "The Quantified Worker and Worker Surveillance with Ifeoma Ajunwa", Yale Podcast Network, Eprel 9, 2019 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://soundcloud.com/yaleuniversity/the-quantified-worker-with-ifeoma-ajunwa|title=The Quantified Worker and Worker Surveillance with Ifeoma Ajunwa|publisher=Yale University|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * "Cornell Prọfesọ Ifeoma Ajunwa na-akparịtara ọgụgụ isi Artificial ejiri n'ọrụ", NPR, Eprel 8, 2019 <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/04/08/711169802/cornell-professor-ifeoma-ajunwa-discusses-artificial-intelligence-used-in-hiring|title=Cornell Professor Ifeoma Ajunwa Discusses Artificial Intelligence Used In Hiring|work=NPR.org|publisher=NPR|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * "Mgbagwoju anya nke ụkpụrụ omume na teknụzụ na ebe ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ", Okwu TEDx, Disemba 3, 2018 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X5WXSK_wm6s|publisher=TEDx Talks Cornell University|title=Controversies of Ethics & Technology in Modern Workplace, Ifeoma Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * "Ụzọ anyị si arụ ọrụ: kedu ka anyị ga-esi chebe nzuzo data?" , Humanyze, 2018 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://soundcloud.com/user-280828937/episode-3-how-can-we-protect-data-privacy|title=The Way We Work: How can we protect data privacy?|publisher=Humanyze|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Ifeoma Ajunwa publications indexed by Google Scholar * {{Cite web|url=https://ifeomaajunwa.com|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa – Writer, Professor|accessdate=2020-06-18}} * {{Cite web|url=https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/advancedSearchResult?PIId=&PIFirstName=ifeoma&PILastName=ajunwa&IncludeCoPI=true&BooleanElement=All&BooleanRef=All&ActiveAwards=true&ExpiredAwards=true|title=NSF Award Search: Advanced Search Results - Ifeoma Ajunwa|publisher=[[National Science Foundation]]|accessdate=2020-06-18}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] g0crrxrid4y0r0sgo9ojrw8i8twk5h7 638095 638094 2026-05-16T14:16:37Z KiranBOT 25138 removed AMP tracking from URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|details]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|report error]]) v2.2.9s 638095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Usòrò:IfeomaAjunwa2014.jpg|thumb|Ifeoma Yvonne Ajunwa]] '''Ifeoma Yvonne Ajunwa''' bu onye (amụrụ 26 Ọktoba 1980) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.martindale.com/ithaca/new-york/ifeoma-yvonne-ajunwa-168941488-a/|title=Ifeoma Yvonne Ajunwa Profile {{!}} Ithaca, NY Lawyer {{!}} Martindale.com}} </ref> bụ onye odee akwukwo na Naijiria na onye prọfesọ nke iwu na Mahadum North Carolina Scool of law na United States. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Carolina Law Expands Outstanding Faculty With Two New Hires|url=https://law.unc.edu/news/2020/09/carolina-law-expands-outstanding-faculty-with-two-new-hires/|accessdate=2021-06-24|work=UNC School of Law|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye isi ntọala nke Mmemme Mkpebi Nchoputa AI (AI-DR) na Iwu UNC. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa|url=https://law.unc.edu/people/ifeoma-ajunwa/|accessdate=2021-06-24|work=UNC School of Law|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-06-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204620/https://law.unc.edu/people/ifeoma-ajunwa/}}</ref> Ọ bụ bu onye enyemaka Prọfesọ nke iwu ọrụ na ọrụ na Mahadum Cornell site na 2017-2020, na-enweta ọrụ ebe ahụ na 2020. <ref name="ilr">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilr.cornell.edu/people/ifeoma-ajunwa|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=gXDBC9oAAAAJ|title=Google Scholar - Ifeoma Ajunwa|publisher=Google Scholar|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> Ọ bụbu onye mmekọ ngalaba na Berkman Klein Center na Harvard Law School kemgbe 2017. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-04|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa {{!}} Berkman Klein Center|url=https://cyber.harvard.edu/people/iajunwa|accessdate=2021-06-24|work=cyber.harvard.edu|language=en}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Ajunwa nwetara BA na Mahadum California, Davis na 2003, JD ya na Mahadum San Francisco School of Law na 2007, na MPhil na PhD na Sociology na Mahadum Columbia na 2012 na 2017, n'otu n'otu. <ref name="lawschool">{{Cite web|url=https://www.lawschool.cornell.edu/faculty/bio.cfm?id=864|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> <ref name="datasociety">{{Cite web|url=https://datasociety.net/people/ajunwa-ifeoma/|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> Ajunwa bụ onye Ọkammụta McNair dị ka nwa akwụkwọ ohuru na mahadum, natara AAUW nhọrọ Profeson mgbakọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu, ma bụrụ Paul F. Lazersfeld Fellow dị ka nwa akwụkwọ PhD. <ref name="datasociety" /> Josh Whitford nyere ndụmọdụ maka mmụta PhD Ajunwa. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sociology.columbia.edu/content/josh-whitford|title=Josh Whitford|accessdate=2019-10-24}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1602900|title=Award Abstract #1602900 - Doctoral Dissertation Research: Re-entry organizations and the formally incarcerated|accessdate=2019-10-24}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ajunwa bụ onye ode akwụkwọ mara mma na onye prọfesọ na-ahụ maka iwu na Mahadum North Carolina School of Law ebe ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi ntọala nke Mmemme Mkpebi Nchoputa AI (AI-DR). <ref name=":0"/> Tupu nke ahụ, Ajunwa bụ prọfesọ na Cornell University School of Industrial and Labor Relations <ref name="ilr"/> na onye otu ngalaba na Cornell Law School . <ref name="lawschool"/> Ọ bụ onye otu ngalaba na Berkman Klein Center for Internet &amp;amp; Society na Harvard University, <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-24|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa {{!}} Berkman Klein Center|url=https://cyber.harvard.edu/people/iajunwa|accessdate=2020-07-07|work=cyber.harvard.edu|language=en}}</ref> ebe ọ bụbu onye otu sitere na 2016-2017 na onye nkuzi na Harvard Law School ,. <ref name="lawschool" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cyber.harvard.edu/people/iajunwa|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka [[Nyocha Microsoft|Microsoft Research]] Nyocha NYC Intern na 2015. <ref name="datasociety"/> Mmasị nyocha nke Ajunwa dị na njikọ nke iwu na teknụzụ na-nlekwasi anya na njikwa ụkpụrụ omume nke teknụzụ ebe ọrụ, agbụrụ na teknụzụ, ọchịchị ụlọ ọrụ, na nha anya ahụike na nzuzo. Nchọcha ya lekwasịrị anya n'ụdị dị iche iche na nsonye n'ahịa ọrụ na ebe ọrụ. <ref name="lawschool"/> Ọ ga-ebipụta akwụkwọ - "The Quantified Worker" - na Press ụlọ akwụkwọ ụkwụ Cambridge <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cyber.harvard.edu/events/2017/luncheon/05/Ajunwa|title=The Quantified Worker|publisher=Berkman Klein Center|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> <ref name="ifeomaajunwa">{{Cite web|url=http://ifeomaajunwa.com|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa, J.D., Ph.D.|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> Mahadum Cornell nyere Ajunwa ikike na Mee 22, 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Cornell University ILR School|url=https://www.facebook.com/ILRSchool/posts/3200246816664479|accessdate=2020-07-07|work=www.facebook.com|language=en}}</ref> Na Febụwarị 5, 2020, Ajunwa gbara akaebe na Kọmitii Ndị Nnọchiteanya US na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ na- ege ntị na "Ọdịnihu nke Ọrụ: Chebe ikike obodo nke ndị ọrụ na Digital Age". Ọ tụlere ọgụgụ isi na-eme ka mmadụ nwee ike ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'ịkwa ọrụ wee kwado maka iwu na-echekwa nzuzo data nkeonwe na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa n'ebe ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2020/02/ajunwa-congress-help-stop-employers-ai-fueled-bias|title=Ajunwa to Congress: Help stop employers' AI-fueled bias|publisher=[[Cornell Chronicle]]|date=February 11, 2020|accessdate=2020-05-18}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://edlabor.house.gov/imo/media/doc/AjunwaTestimony02052020.pdf|title=Hearing on The Future of Work: Protecting Workers' Civil Rights in the Digital Age - Prepared Testimony of Professor Ifeoma Ajunwa, J.D., Ph.D.|publisher=[[United States House of Representatives]] [[United States House Committee on Education and Labor|Committee on Education and Labor]], Joint Hearing of Subcommittee on Civil Rights and Human Services|date=February 5, 2020|accessdate=2020-05-18|archivedate=2020-07-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727194915/https://edlabor.house.gov/imo/media/doc/AjunwaTestimony02052020.pdf}}</ref> Na Mee 6, 2018, Ajunwa bụ onye na- [https://web.archive.org/web/20220222234806/https://www.tedxcornell.com/ ekwu okwu TEDx na Mahadum Cornell] ebe o gosipụtara okwu gbasara esemokwu nke ụkpụrụ omume na teknụzụ na ebe ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-26|title=TEDxCornell to Host 'Eclectic' Fourth Conference|url=https://cornellsun.com/2018/04/26/tedxcornell-to-host-eclectic-fourth-conference/|accessdate=2020-07-07|work=The Cornell Daily Sun|language=en-US}}</ref> Na Cornell, Ajunwa jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche na ọtụtụ bọọdụ ndụmọdụ, gụnyere maka Institute for Africa Development <ref>{{Cite web|title=People {{!}} Institute for African Development {{!}} Einaudi Center|url=https://einaudi.cornell.edu/programs/institute-african-development/people|accessdate=2020-07-07|work=einaudi.cornell.edu}}</ref> na Cornell Prison Education Programme (CPEP). <ref>{{Cite web|title=Our People {{!}} Cornell Prison Education Program|url=https://cpep.cornell.edu/about-us/advisory-board/|accessdate=2020-07-07|language=en-US}}</ref> Na nso nso a, Ajunwa nwetara Fulbright ka ọ mụọ gbasara iwu gbasara mmalite teknụzụ na Naijiria. <ref name="law.unc.edu">{{Cite web|title=Ajunwa Selected for Nigeria Fulbright Scholar Award|url=https://law.unc.edu/news/2021/05/ajunwa-nigeria-fulbright-scholar-award/|accessdate=2021-06-24|work=UNC School of Law|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu Ajunwa gụnyere: * 2006: AAUW Selected Professions Fellowship * 2010: Paul F. Lazersfeld Fellow, Columbia University * 2018: Derrick A. Bell Award from the Association of American Law Schools<ref name="ilr"/><ref name="ifeomaajunwa"/> * 2018-2019: Keeton House Fellow, Cornell University<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://williamkeetonhouse.cornell.edu/people/House-Fellows.cfm|title=William Keeton House - House Fellows|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * 2019: NSF CAREER Award<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilr.cornell.edu/news/national-science-foundation-research-award-received-ajunwa|title=National Science Foundation research award received by Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-10-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1848213|title=Award Abstract #1848213 - CAREER: The Development, Design, and Ethical Issues of Algorithmic Hiring Tools|accessdate=2019-10-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://research.cornell.edu/research/using-artificial-intelligence-select-job-candidates|title=Using Artificial Intelligence to Select Job Candidates|date=14 November 2019|publisher=Cornell Research|accessdate=2019-11-26}}</ref> * 2020: Faculty Champion Award, Cornell University <ref>{{Cite web|title=2020 Graduate Diversity & Inclusion Awardees : Graduate School|url=https://gradschool.cornell.edu/diversity-inclusion/graduate-diversity-inclusion-awards/graduate-diversity-inclusion-awardees-2020/|accessdate=2020-07-07|work=gradschool.cornell.edu}}</ref> * 2021-2022: Fulbright Scholar (host country: Nigeria)<ref name="law.unc.edu"/> == Ọrụ ahọpụtara == Edemede mmụta Ajunwa gụnyere: Maka nyocha iwu: <ref name="Publications – Ifeoma Ajunwa">{{Cite web|title=Publications – Ifeoma Ajunwa|url=http://ifeomaajunwa.com/?page_id=11|accessdate=2020-07-07|language=en-US}}</ref> # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3437631 Ihe dị mkpa nleba anya maka sistemụ nnye ọrụ akpaaka], 34 Harv. JL & Teknụzụ. 1 (2021). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2746078 Paradox nke akpaaka dị ka Mgbochi-Ahụhụanya Intervention], 41 Cardozo. L. Mkpu.1671(2020). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3142979 Ịkpa oke afọ site na Platform], 40 Berkeley J. Emp. & Ụlọ nyocha. L.1 (2019). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3247286 Algorithms na-arụ ọrụ: Ngwa nlekota oru na teknụzụ Wearable], 63 St. Louis ULJ 21 (2019). Ife # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3192617 Ịlụso ịkpa ókè agbụrụ megide ndị a tụrụ mkpọrọ n'ahịa ọrụ], 112 Nw. UL Mkpu. 1385 (2018). (ya na Prọfesọ Angela Onwuachi-Willig ). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2746211 Onyunyo] ndị ọrụ enweghị oke, 105 Cal. L. Rev. 736 (2017) (ya na Prọfesọ Jason Schultz na Kate Crawford ). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2460897 Data Genetic na ikike obodo], 51 Harv. CR-CLL Mkpu. 75 (2016). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2460898 Akwụkwọ ozi uhie uhie nke oge a], 83 Fordham L. Mkpu. 2999 (2015). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2460891 Nnwale mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na-ezute nnukwu data: Mkpagbu na Iwu nkwekọrịta], 75 Ohio St. LJ 1225 (2014). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2460859 Ogwe ọjọọ: Nyocha dabere na nhazi nke mmetọ ndị ruuru mmadụ n'ime sistemu Carceral America], 17 U. PA. JL & Soc. Mgbanwe 75 (2014). Maka nyocha ndị ọgbọ na mbipụta ndị ọzọ: <ref name="Publications – Ifeoma Ajunwa"/> # "Ọsọ, Ọrụ, na Ọdịnihu nke Ọrụ," Oxford Handbook of Race and Law na United States, Eds. Devon Carbado, Emily Houh, na Kharara Bridges (ntụnye aka akpọrọ) (2020 na-abịa) # " Igbe ojii na-arụ ọrụ "Nke Pụrụ Iche nke Big Data na Society, Eds. Frank Pasquale na Benedetta Brevini (ntụnye aka akpọrọ) (2020 na-abịa) # [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0229044 Ịgbanwe echiche ọha na eze na uru DNA mmadụ nwere na atụmanya maka ọchịchị nchekwa data genomic: Nsonaazụ sitere na nyocha mba] Briscoe F, Ajunwa I, Gaddis A, McCormick J (2020) PLOS ONE 15(3): e0229044. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229044</nowiki> # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3248675 "Ngwaọrụ na-arụ ọrụ: Platform na-akwụ ụgwọ na-akpaghị aka na ndị ọzọ na-emekọrịta ihe na nhazi nke ebe ọrụ."] (ya na Daniel Greene) Na Ọrụ na Ọrụ na Digital Age. Nnyocha na Sociology nke Ọrụ. Ebipụtara na ntanetị: 14 Jun 2019; 61-91. # Ajunwa, I. & Caplan, R. (2018). Teknụzụ DNA. SAGE Encyclopedia nke onyunyo, nchekwa na nzuzo. (ntụnye a kpọrọ). # [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2837797 "Akụkọ ahụike na nnukwu data: Usoro ụkpụrụ omume maka mkpokọta ozi ahụike site na mmemme ahụike ụlọ ọrụ"], Journal of Law, Medicine, and Ethics, 44 (2016): 474-480 (ya na Kate Crawford na Joel Ford). Edemede mgbasa ozi ọha nke Ajunwa gụnyere: <ref name="Publications – Ifeoma Ajunwa"/> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Can We Trust Corporate Commitments to Racial Equity?", Forbes, February 23, 2021<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ifeomaajunwa/2021/02/23/can-we-trust-corporate-commitments-to-racial-equity/|title=Can We Trust Corporate Commitments to Racial Equity?|work=[[Forbes]]|date=February 23, 2021|accessdate=2021-08-06}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, Forrest Briscoe, "The Answer to a COVID-19 Vaccine May Lie in Our Genes, But ...", Scientific American, May 13, 2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/the-answer-to-a-covid-19-vaccine-may-lie-in-our-genes-but/|title=The Answer to a COVID-19 Vaccine May Lie in Our Genes, But ...|publisher=[[Scientific American]]|date=May 13, 2020|accessdate=2020-06-18}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Beware of Automated Hiring", The New York Times, October 8, 2019<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/08/opinion/ai-hiring-discrimination.html|title=Beware of Automated Hiring|work=The New York Times|date=8 October 2019|accessdate=2019-10-11|author=Ajunwa|first=Ifeoma}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "The Rise of Platform Authoritarianism", ACLU, April 10, 2018<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aclu.org/issues/privacy-technology/surveillance-technologies/rise-platform-authoritarianism|title=The Rise of Platform Authoritarianism|publisher=ACLU|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Facebook users aren’t the reason Facebook is in trouble now", Washington Post, March 23, 2018<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/posteverything/wp/2018/03/23/facebook-users-arent-the-reason-facebook-is-in-trouble-now|title=Facebook users aren't the reason Facebook is in trouble now|work=Washington Post|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Corporate Surveillance Is Turning Human Workers Into Fungible Cogs", The Atlantic, May 19, 2017<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2017/05/corporate-surveillance-is-turning-human-workers-into-fungible-cogs/524961/|title=Corporate Surveillance Is Turning Human Workers Into Fungible Cogs|date=19 May 2017|publisher=The Atlantic|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Workplace Wellness Programs Could Be Putting Your Health Data at Risk", Harvard Business Review, January 19, 2017<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://hbr.org/2017/01/workplace-wellness-programs-could-be-putting-your-health-data-at-risk|title=Workplace Wellness Programs Could Be Putting Your Health Data at Risk|journal=Harvard Business Review|date=19 January 2017|accessdate=2019-04-13|author=Ajunwa|first=Ifeoma}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "A call to 'ban the box' on college applications", Washington Examiner, November 10, 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/a-call-to-ban-the-box-on-college-applications|title=A call to 'ban the box' on college applications|date=10 November 2015|publisher=Washington Examiner|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "The other big US Supreme Court decision we should be celebrating is one no one’s talking about", Quartz, June 29, 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://qz.com/438704/the-other-big-supreme-court-decision-we-should-be-celebrating-is-one-no-ones-talking-about/|title=The other big US Supreme Court decision we should be celebrating is one no one's talking about|publisher=Quartz|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "There’s No Guarantee of Anonymity", The New York Times, March 4, 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2015/03/02/23andme-and-the-promise-of-anonymous-genetic-testing-10/theres-no-guarantee-of-anonymity|title=There's No Guarantee of Anonymity|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "Do You Know Where Your Health Data Is?", Huffington Post, February 13, 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/do-you-know-where-your-he_b_6673304|title=Do You Know Where Your Health Data Is?|date=13 February 2015|publisher=Huffington Post|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "For Ebola Response - Think Infrastructure, Not Donations", Huffington Post, November 30, 2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/for-ebola-response-think_b_6244344|title=For Ebola Response - Think Infrastructure, Not Donations|date=30 November 2014|publisher=Huffington Post|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * Ifeoma Ajunwa, "West Africa Does Not Need Your Donations to Fight Ebola", Huffington Post, November 13, 2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/west-africa-does-not-need_b_6152094|title=West Africa Does Not Need Your Donations to Fight Ebola|date=13 November 2014|publisher=Huffington Post|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> == Mkpuchi mgbasa ozi == * "Ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ na-atụgharị na Teknụzụ Nchọgharị iji hụ na emepegharịghị nke ọma", NPR echerela ihe niile, Mee 7, 2020 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/05/07/852319535/some-companies-are-turning-to-tracking-technologies-to-ensure-safe-reopening|title=Some Companies Are Turning To Tracking Technologies To Ensure Safe Reopening|publisher=[[NPR]], [[All Things Considered]]|date=May 7, 2020|accessdate=2020-06-18}}</ref> * "Ị na-arụ ọrụ site n'ụlọ, mana ụlọ ọrụ gị ka na-ekiri gị", akwụkwọ akụkọ Wall Street, Eprel 18, 2020 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/youre-working-from-home-but-your-company-is-still-watching-you-11587202201|title=You're Working From Home, but Your Company Is Still Watching You|publisher=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|date=April 18, 2020|accessdate=2020-06-18}}</ref> * "Uru dị ugbu a: Ifeoma Ajunwa nke ILR na nsogbu ịma aka nke teknụzụ na ebe ọrụ", Cornell SC Johnson College of Business, July 25, 2019 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://business.cornell.edu/hub/2019/07/25/ifeoma-ajunwa-challenges-technology-workplace/|title=Present Value: ILR's Ifeoma Ajunwa on the ethical challenges of technology in the workplace|date=25 July 2019|publisher=Cornell SC Johnson College of Business|accessdate=2019-10-11}}</ref> * "Ihe ịma aka omume na teknụzụ dị n'ebe ọrụ", Pọdkastị bara uru dị ugbu a, Julaị 8, 2019 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.presentvaluepodcast.com/podcast/episode/947c0241/ethical-challenges-with-technology-in-the-workplace-or-ifeoma-ajunwa|title=Ethical Challenges with Technology in the Workplace|publisher=Present Value Podcast|accessdate=2019-10-11}}</ref> * "The Quantified Worker and Worker Surveillance with Ifeoma Ajunwa", Yale Podcast Network, Eprel 9, 2019 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://soundcloud.com/yaleuniversity/the-quantified-worker-with-ifeoma-ajunwa|title=The Quantified Worker and Worker Surveillance with Ifeoma Ajunwa|publisher=Yale University|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * "Cornell Prọfesọ Ifeoma Ajunwa na-akparịtara ọgụgụ isi Artificial ejiri n'ọrụ", NPR, Eprel 8, 2019 <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/04/08/711169802/cornell-professor-ifeoma-ajunwa-discusses-artificial-intelligence-used-in-hiring|title=Cornell Professor Ifeoma Ajunwa Discusses Artificial Intelligence Used In Hiring|work=NPR.org|publisher=NPR|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * "Mgbagwoju anya nke ụkpụrụ omume na teknụzụ na ebe ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ", Okwu TEDx, Disemba 3, 2018 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X5WXSK_wm6s|publisher=TEDx Talks Cornell University|title=Controversies of Ethics & Technology in Modern Workplace, Ifeoma Ajunwa|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> * "Ụzọ anyị si arụ ọrụ: kedu ka anyị ga-esi chebe nzuzo data?" , Humanyze, 2018 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://soundcloud.com/user-280828937/episode-3-how-can-we-protect-data-privacy|title=The Way We Work: How can we protect data privacy?|publisher=Humanyze|accessdate=2019-04-13}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Ifeoma Ajunwa publications indexed by Google Scholar * {{Cite web|url=https://ifeomaajunwa.com|title=Ifeoma Ajunwa – Writer, Professor|accessdate=2020-06-18}} * {{Cite web|url=https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/advancedSearchResult?PIId=&PIFirstName=ifeoma&PILastName=ajunwa&IncludeCoPI=true&BooleanElement=All&BooleanRef=All&ActiveAwards=true&ExpiredAwards=true|title=NSF Award Search: Advanced Search Results - Ifeoma Ajunwa|publisher=[[National Science Foundation]]|accessdate=2020-06-18}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 9o17y6xeac0fq4n37t7fbw0baw4q74j 0 13231 638087 422517 2026-05-16T12:33:31Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638087 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:Trafficking_in_Persons.svg|thumb|400x400px|Nchọpụta nke usoro iwu na mba dị iche iche iji gbochie ịzụ ahịa mmadụ. Nchọpụta ndị a sitere na 2013 Department of State Trafficking in Persons Report.<ref name="TIPreport2013">{{Cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2013|title=Trafficking in Persons Report 2013|publisher=U.S. Department of State|year=2013}}</ref>]] Ịzụ ahịa mmadụ bụ mpụ na mba New Zealand n'okpuru Nkebi nke 98D nke Iwu Mpụ 1961. N'afọ 2002, Gọọmentị New Zealand kwadoro Protocol iji gbochie, gbochie ma nye ntaramahụhụ maka ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ, ọkachasị ụmụnwanyị na ụmụaka (Palermo Protocol), nkwekọrịta nke United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210111223705/https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XVIII-12-a&chapter=18&lang=en Status of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children]. treaties.un.org. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> Mba New Zealand na-ekere òkè na mgbalị iji lụso ịzụ ahịa mmadụ ọgụ na mpaghara Asia-Pacific, ma nwee ọrụ ndu na usoro Bali na mbubata ndị mmadụ, ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ na mpụ mba ụwa (Bali Process). : 13<ref name="poa">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dol.govt.nz/publications/research/people-trafficking/people-trafficking.pdf|title=Plan of Action to Prevent People Trafficking|publisher=dol.govt.nz|format=PDF|accessdate=30 April 2015|archivedate=21 January 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121222157/https://www.employment.govt.nz/}}</ref>  Ebe ọ bụ na a naghị ewere ịzụ ahịa mmadụ dị ka okwu na-arụsi ọrụ ike na mba New Zealand, gọọmentị na-elekwasị anya na mgbochi na njirimara nke ndị metụtara na mmejọ: 5 New Zealand ka edepụtara dị ka mba na-aga maka ịzụ ahịa mmadụ na ebe isi iyi maka ịzụ ahịa ụlọ nke ọrụ mmanye, gụnyere ụmụaka na ahia mmekọahụ.<ref name="poa"/><ref name="tipr"/> Dị ka mba United States Department of State na-akọ kwa afọ banyere ịdị irè nke omume gọọmentị iji dozie ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ, New Zealand enwetala ọkwa Tier One (nke kachasị elu), na-enweta nrubeisi zuru oke na ụkpụrụ kacha nta dị ka ọ dị na Trafficking Victims Protection Act 2000 (TVPA).<ref>Pub L. 106-386.</ref> Ụkpụrụ ndị a kwekọrọ n'ozuzu ya na Palermo Protocol.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2014/226645.htm Definitions and Methodology, Trafficking in Persons Report 2014] state.gov. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> Iji mejuputa Palermo Protocol, a gbanwere Iwu Mpụ nke afọ 1961 iji tinye mpụ nke ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ n'afọ 2002.<ref>[http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2002/0020/latest/whole.html Crimes Amendment Act 2002], Section 5.</ref> Na nzaghachi na Usoro Bali, New Zealand kwere nkwa ịmepụta atụmatụ bara uru iji dozie ịzụ ahịa mmadụ ma guzobe Inter Agency Working Group on People Trafficking (Working Group) na 2006. : 3 Ngalaba Ọrụ, na-arụ ọrụ n'aha ndị otu na-arụ ọrụ, wepụtara ''Atụmatụ'' nke Ọrụ iji gbochie ịzụ ahịa ndị mmadụ na 2009.<ref name="poa"/> Nkọwa nke ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ dị ka nke na-agụnye naanị mmegharị mba pụtara na ebubo maka ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ n'ụlọ na ndị ọrụ, ụlọ ọrụ mmekọahụ na ụgbọ mmiri ịkụ azụ ndị mba ọzọ ka a gbasoro na iwu ndị ọzọ, dị ka Iwu Ndozigharị Ịgba akwụna 2003 (PRA) na Iwu Mbata 2009 nke na-adọta obere ntaramahụhụ. A na-edozi okwu a ugbu a na mmezigharị iwu a tụrụ aro.<ref>[http://www.parliament.nz/en-nz/pb/legislation/bills/00DBHOH_BILL56502_1/organised-crime-and-anti-corruption-legislation-bill "Organised Crime and Anti-corruption Bill"] parliament.govt.nz. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ US State Department na-enyocha ma na-alụso ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ ọgụ tinyere mba ahụ na "Tier 1" n'afọ 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2017/271117.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628043920/https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2017/271117.htm|archivedate=2017-06-28|title=Trafficking in Persons Report 2017: Tier Placements|work=www.state.gov|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-12-01}}</ref> == Nzaghachi gọọmentị == === Atụmatụ ime ihe === Inter Agency Working Group nwere Ngalaba Ọrụ (nke bụzi Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE)), Ngalaba nke Prime Minister na Cabinet, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Ministry of Justice, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Social Development, Ministry for Women, New Zealand Customs Service na ndị uwe ojii New Zealand. N'ime oge nke ọnwa Juuun ruo Julaị n'afọ 2008, Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ọrụ nwere mkparịta ụka ọha na eze iji mepụta "n'ozuzu usoro gọọmentị": 4 maka ịzụ ahịa mmadụ. A natara ntinye akwụkwọ iwu 34 nke mere ka mmepe na mbipụta nke ''Atụmatụ'' Ọrụ iji gbochie ịzụ ahịa ndị mmadụ na 2009.<ref name="poa"/> MBIE na-ahụ maka ịhụ na e mejuputara atụmatụ ahụ ma chịkọta akụkọ kwa afọ banyere nrubeisi: 9 Atụmatụ ime ihe nwere ihe mgbaru ọsọ atọ; Mgbochi, Nchedo na Mkpesa.<ref name="poa" /> N'okpuru nke ọ bụla n'ime ihe ndị a, atụmatụ ahụ na-achọpụta ebumnuche na ihe ndị a ga-eme, ma na-ekenye ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọrụ na oge maka mmezu. A na-ewere atụmatụ ahụ dị ka "akwụkwọ dị ndụ", na ịgbaso mgbanwe iwu na-echere ka a ga-enyocha ya.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304105816/http://www.salvationarmy.org.nz/uploads/file/PPT%20Conference%20Report%202013.pdf "Prevent People Trafficking Conference Report April 11-12 2013"] salvationarmy.org.nz. Retrieved April 30, 2015.</ref><ref>[http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/glotip/GLOTIP14_Country_profiles_East_Asia_Pacific.pdf "United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Global Report on Trafficking in Persons 2014"]. unodc.org, p. 17. Retrieved April 30, 2015.</ref> === Mgbochi ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ === Gọọmentị New Zealand na-agba mbọ ịkwadebe ma zụọ ndị ọrụ gọọmentị na ndị ọrụ n'ihu iji chọpụta ịzụ ahịa ma zaghachi n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị site na ịmepụta usoro agụmakwụkwọ iwu.<ref name="tipr"/> Nke a gụnyere ịkwalite mmata ọha na eze n'ozuzu ya: 9 MBIE ga-eme nnyocha na-aga n'ihu na ịzụ ahịa mmadụ na inye aka na nke a, National Intelligence Centre na-ekerịta ozi n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro na gọọmentị ndị ọzọ: 11<ref name="poa"/><ref name="poa" />  N'iburu n'uche na ịzụ ahịa mmadụ nwere ike ịgụnye netwọk mba dị iche iche, mgbalị ime ụlọ enweghị ike inweta nchebe zuru oke, dịka "n'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ obere mba na-aga, New Zealand ka na-enwe nsogbu site na oke nke ịzụ ahịa ndị mmadụ na mpaghara Asia Pacific gbara agbata obi. "<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181109070933/http://www.madmun.de/img/ppnmun/madmunxii/GA3_New%20Zealand_University%20of%20Magdeburg.pdf "Position paper to the General Assembly Third Committee, Delegation from New Zealand"] madmun.de., p. 1. Retrieved 30 April 3015.</ref> New Zealand bụ onye otu ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa dị iche iche nke na-ahụ maka ịzụ ahịa mmadụ, dị ka usoro Bali, Pacific Immigration Directors' Conference na International Labour Organization (ILO).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181111065800/https://www.immigration.govt.nz/new-zealand-visas New Zealand's International engagement]. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> Enyere enyemaka ego maka atụmatụ ịzụ ahịa mmadụ na mpaghara Asia Pacific site na New Zealand Agency for International Development. === Nchedo nke ndị na-atụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ === Ndị uwe ojii mba New Zealand kwadoro ndị a na-ahụ maka ya na ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị kwesịrị ekwesị na-eme nyocha ma nwee ike ịnye usoro iwu: 16 Ọ bụrụ na onye ahụ bụ onye mbịarambịa nwa oge, ha nwere ike itinye akwụkwọ maka ịgbatị visa maka ọnwa iri na abụọ.<ref name="poa"/><ref name="tipr">[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2014/226787.htm "New Zealand Country Report, Trafficking in Persons Report 2014"] state.gov. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> Mgbe nyocha ahụ gasịrị, ndị mbịarambịa nwere ike itinye akwụkwọ maka visa bi ma nweta nchebe na-aga n'ihu, ma ọ bụrụhaala na ha egbochighị nyocha ahụ.<ref name="dolppt">'Working Together to Combat People Trafficking and Migrant Exploitation', available on . immigration.govt.nz. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> The Health and Disability Eligibility Direction 2011 nyere ndị niile metụtara ikike ịnata nkwado gọọmentị, gụnyere enyemaka iwu, ndụmọdụ na ọgwụgwọ ahụike, na mkpuchi zuru ezu n'okpuru Usoro nkwụghachi ụgwọ ihe mberede.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160518040246/http://www.justice.govt.nz/policy/constitutional-law-and-human-rights/human-rights/international-human-rights-instruments/international-human-rights-instruments-1/convention-against-torture/united-nations-convention-against-torture-and-other-cruel-inhuman-or-degrding-treatment-or-punishment-new-zealand-periodic-report-6/article-2/6-people-trafficking "2012 United Nations Convention against Torture, New Zealand Draft Periodic Review 6"] justice.govt.nz. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> Ndị a tara ahụhụ nwere ike itinye akwụkwọ na Housing New Zealand na Ministry of Social Development maka enyemaka n'ihe banyere nsogbu ego. : 19 N'iburu ọkwa dị ala nke ikpe ịzụ ahịa na New Zealand, ọ dịghị ihe nkesa ego a raara nye ọrụ ndị a.<ref name="poa" /> A na-enyocha ndị a metụtara n'otu n'otu ma nwee ike iduzi ha ka ha nweta nkwado ọzọ site n'aka ndị na-abụghị ndị gọọmentị.<ref name="tipr" /> == Iwu == === Mmebi nke ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ === Iwu Ndezigharị Mpụ nke afọ 2002 gbakwunyere Nkebi nke 98C na 98D na Iwu Mpụ nke 1961 nke machibidoro mbubata ndị mbịarambịa na-enweghị ikike maka uru ihe onwunwe, na ịzụ ahịa mmadụ site na mmanye ma ọ bụ aghụghọ. Dị ka mpụ megide ụmụ mmadụ, a na-eji ntaramahụhụ tụnyere ndina n'ike na igbu ọchụ, na oke mkpọrọ afọ iri abụọ ma ọ bụ ụgwọ $ 500,000, ma ọ bụ ha abụọ.<ref>Crimes Act 1961, Sections 98C(3),98D(2).</ref> N'ikwekọ na usoro gọọmentị nke "onye e merụrụ ahụ", enwere ike ịmepụta ịzụ ahịa mmadụ maọbụ ọ bụrụ na onye ahụ mere ihe n'afọ ofufo.<ref name="tipr"/><ref>Crimes Act 1961, Section 98D(4).</ref> A na-enye ọtụtụ ihe na-eme ka ọ dị njọ iji nye ohere maka ikpe kwesịrị ekwesị.<ref>Crimes Act 1961, Section 98E(1) and (2).</ref> Ikpe niile dị n'okpuru ndokwa ndị a chọrọ nkwenye nke Attorney-General, a pụkwara ịgba akwụkwọ maọbụ ọ bụrụ na onye ahụ abataghị na mba New Zealand n'ezie.<ref>Crimes Act 1961, Section 98F(1).</ref><ref>Crimes Act 1961, Section 98D(3)(a)-(b).</ref> Ụlọ ikpe New Zealand nwere ikike na-abụghị nke mba ọzọ maka mpụ nke ịzụ ahịa mmadụ ma nwee ike ikpe ụmụ amaala New Zealand na-eme mpụ ahụ n'ókèala mba ọzọ.<ref>Crimes Act 1961, Section 7A.</ref> Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ dịghị ikpe ọ bụla e dekọrọ ma a tụrụ aro na enweghị ikpe na nyocha bụ n'ihi nnukwu ihe akaebe nke iwu dị ugbu a.<ref name="tipr" /> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2014, Immigration New Zealand boro mmadụ atọ ebubo ịzụ ahịa mmadụ, bụ ndị na-ekwenyeghị na ha ikpe mara ha haziri site na aghụghọ ịzụ ahịa nke [[Ndia|ndị]] mba India iri na asatọ n'ọrụ mmanye n'afọ 2008-2009. E zigara ikpe ahụ n'ụlọ ikpe dị elu, ma na-echere ikpe na ngwụsị afọ 2015 ruo mmalite afọ 2016.<ref>Weekes, John. 2014. [http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11365531 "NZ's first human trafficking trial"]. nzherald.co.nz. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> N'afọ 2014, e webatara Iwu Iwu Mpụ na Mmegide nrụrụ aka na nzuko omeiwu. Nkebi nke 5 na-agbanwe nkọwa nke ịzụ ahịa mmadụ iji tinye mmegharị ụlọ, na-eme ka New Zealand kwekọọ na nkọwa mba ụwa, ma na-agbakwụnye mmegbu dị ka ihe na-akpata mpụ ahụ. Iwu ahụ na-anata ntinye akwụkwọ ugbu a ma a ga-akọ akụkọ na Mee 2015.<ref>[http://www.parliament.nz/en-nz/pb/legislation/bills/00DBHOH_BILL56502_1/organised-crime-and-anti-corruption-legislation-bill]. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> === Ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmekọahụ === N'afọ 2001, ọ pụtara na a ghọgburu ụmụ nwanyị Thai na-akwaga mba ọzọ n'ime ndokwa mmekọahụ azụmahịa na Auckland. Enweghị ikpe mpụ ọ bụla kpatara, ọ bụ ezie na otu ebubo obodo gara nke ọma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fulbright.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/axford2006_coppedge.pdf|title=People Trafficking: an International Crisis Fought at the Local Level|publisher=Fulbright New Zealand|date=2006|format=PDF|accessdate=30 April 2015|archivedate=11 February 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211222356/https://www.fulbright.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/axford2006_coppedge.pdf}}</ref> Kọmitii na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ mere 'Pink Sticker Campaign' iji mee ka a mara banyere mmegbu ma kpọsaa ụlọ nchekwa maka ndị ahụ metụtara, na Mịnịstrị nke Ikpe Ziri Ezi kwụsịrị ọnọdụ visa free n'etiti New Zealand na Thailand. Ndị na-enyocha ndị ọrụ na-eleta ụlọ akwụna iwu kwadoro na gọọmentị na-enyocha ebe ọrụ ndị na-ewe ndị mbịarambịa.<ref name="tipr"/> Ebe ọ bụ na nkwado iwu nke ịgba akwụna na 2003, The Prostitution Reform Act (PRA) na-eme ka ọ bụrụ mpụ ịmanye ọrụ mmekọahụ azụmahịa.<ref>Prostitution Reform Act, Section 16.</ref> Iji dozie nsogbu nke ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ na-akwadoghị, ọ bụ mpụ iyi egwu ikpughe ọnọdụ ndị mbịarambịa na-akwadoghị dị ka usoro ịmanye mmadụ ịrụ ọrụ mmekọahụ azụmahịa.<ref>PRA, Section 16(c)(iii).</ref> Ọ bụkwa mpụ ịtọrọ mmadụ maka ebumnuche nke alụmdi na nwunye ma ọ bụ njikọ mmekọahụ na onye ntọ ma ọ bụ onye ọ bụla ọzọ n'enweghị nkwenye ma ọ bụ na nkwenye n'okpuru aghụghọ ma ọ bụ mmanye.<ref>Crimes Act 1961, Section 208.</ref> === Ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ nke ụmụaka === Ngalaba US nke State Trafficking in Persons Report 2014 na-akọwa ịgba akwụna ụmụaka dị ka ihe iseokwu, mana enweghị data dịnụ iji kwado nkwupụta a.<ref name="tipr"/> Ndị ọrụ gọọmentị azaghachila ọtụtụ oge na akụkọ ndị ahụ dabere na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi na-emegide ihe akaebe ndị uwe ojii.<ref>Gulliver ,Aimee.2014. [http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/10185894/NZ-brushes-off-human-trafficking-report "NZ brushes off human trafficking report"]. stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 30 April 2015; NZPA, 2006. [http://www.nzherald.co.nz/social-issues/news/article.cfm?c_id=87&objectid=10427915 “NZ rebuffs child trafficking, prostitution claims in US report”]. nzherald.co.nz. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> PRA na-eme ka ọ bụrụ mpụ iji kwado ma ọ bụ nata ụgwọ maka mmekọahụ azụmahịa na onye na-erubeghị afọ 18, na ntaramahụhụ kachasị nke mkpọrọ afọ 7.<ref>PRA, Sections 20-22.</ref><ref>PRA,Section 23.</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ndị dị afọ iri na isii na karịa nwere ike inwe mmekọahụ n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro, mmụba afọ na-egosipụta ọrụ New Zealand irube isi na ọrụ mba ụwa gbasara ụmụaka.<ref>Crimes Act 1961, Section 134.</ref><ref>United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 34 and 35; International Labour Organization Convention 162 Concerning the Worst Forms of Child Labour, Article 1.</ref> Ọ bụghị mpụ ịnye ọrụ mmekọahụ azụmahịa n'okpuru afọ iri na asatọ, ebe a na-ewere nwatakịrị ahụ dị ka onye ahụ.<ref>Prostitution Reform Act, Section 23(3).</ref> New Zealand kwadoro Protocol Nhọrọ na ire ụmụaka, ịgba akwụna ụmụaka na ikiri ụmụaka, ma mee ka ọ bụrụ iwu na-akwadoghị imeso onye na-erubeghị afọ iri na asatọ maka ebumnuche nke mmegbu mmekọahụ, iwepụ akụkụ ahụ ma ọ bụ itinye aka n'ọrụ mmanye.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20201127153824/https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=IND&mtdsg_no=IV-11-c&chapter=4&lang=en "Status of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography"]. treaties.un.org. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref><ref>Crimes Act 1961, Section 98AA.</ref> Na mgbalị iji machibido njem mmekọahụ mba ụwa, Ụlọikpe New Zealand nwere ikike maka ụmụ amaala New Zealand ndị na-enwe mmekọahụ azụmahịa na mpaghara mba ọzọ na ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ iri na isii.<ref>Crimes Act 1961, Section 144A.</ref> N'okwu gbasara ndị na-erubeghị afọ, ụlọ ikpe ahụla nchegbu ha maka igbochi ikpe.<ref>''Police v Antolik'' [2004] DC 631 (Christchurch), para. 52; ''R v Gillanders'' DC (Christchurch) T0313661/05, at [16].</ref> Na ''R v Raeleen Jo-Ann Prendeville''<ref>DC (Wellington) 085-575/05.</ref>, e kwuru na onye a na-ebo ebubo nwere ibu ọrụ igosi enweghị mmejọ nke ihe ọmụma banyere afọ onye ahụ. Na ''R v Allan Geoffrey Pahl''<ref>DC (Dunedin) T03/13150/04.</ref> eziokwu ahụ bụ na e duhiere onye a na-ebo ebubo ikwere ma chụsoo nwanyị na-erubeghị afọ na-abaghị uru na ikpe nke ebubo ahụ. === Ọrụ mmanye === Ịgba ohu, gụnyere ịgba ohu ụgwọ na ịgba ohu bụ mpụ na mba New Zealand.<ref>Crimes Act 1961, Section 98.</ref> N'ihi nkọwa nke ịzụ ahịa mmadụ, a na-ekpe ikpe n'ụlọ ikpe metụtara ịgba ohu ụgwọ na ọrụ mbịarambịa n'okpuru Nkebi nke 98 nke Iwu Mpụ.<ref>''R v Rahimi'' CA4/02 (30 April 2002); ''Elliot v Kirk'' AT17/01 (19 February 2001), ''R v Chechelnitski'' CA160/04 (1 September 2004).</ref> Ndị mbịarambịa na-eweta otu nsogbu iji lụso ịzụ ahịa mmadụ ọgụ. Ha nwere ike enweghị ozi ma ọ bụ nghọta nke ikike ha n'ihi asụsụ na ọdịbendị dị iche iche. Ọ bụrụ na a machibidoro ha ịrụ ọrụ na otu onye ọrụ, ha nwere ike ịdaba na iyi egwu ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mma karịa ịchụpụ, ha nwekwara ike ịtụ egwu ihere ma ọ bụrụ na ezinụlọ ha akwadola ọbịbịa ha na New Zealand ma ọ bụ na-adabere na ego ha nwetara.<ref name="dolppt">'Working Together to Combat People Trafficking and Migrant Exploitation', available on . immigration.govt.nz. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> Iwu mbata nke afọ 2009 na-enye ohere maka ikpe ndị ọrụ na-erigbu ndị mbịarambịa ma ọ bụ ndị na-emebi iwu ọrụ dịka Iwu ezumike 2003, Iwu Ụgwọ kacha nta nke 1983 na Iwu Nchedo Ụgwọ 1983.<ref>Immigration Act 2009, Section 351.</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2015, e megharịrị Iwu Mbata nke afọ 2009 iji gbasaa nchedo ndị a nye ndị ọrụ iwu.<ref>Immigration Amendment Bill (No 2); New Zealand Government Press Release. 2014. [http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PA1504/S00429/migrant-exploitation-bill-passed.htm "Migrant exploitation bill passed"]. scoop.co.nz. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> Gọọmentị na-elekwasịkwa anya na ụlọ ọrụ azụmaahịa na Iwu Regional Seasonal Employer (RSE) nke na-arụ ọrụ iji nọgide na-enwe ụkpụrụ ọrụ mgbe ọ na-azaghachi nnukwu mkpa ndị ọrụ. Ọchịchọ maka ndị ọrụ na mpaghara Canterbury na-esote ala ọma jijiji nke afọ 2011 emeela ka nchegbu nke ọrụ mmanye maka ndị ọrụ si mba ọzọ.<ref>Morrah, Michael.2014.[https://web.archive.org/web/20170929062024/http://www.newshub.co.nz/tvshows/3rd-degree/christchurch-rebuild-migrants-face-debts-cramped-accommodation-2014071618#axzz3YfzuZQdu “Christchurch rebuild migrants face debts, cramped accommodation”]. 3news.co.nz. Retrieved April 30, 2015.</ref> N'afọ 2013, Gọọmentị Mba ahụ kwere nkwa nde $ 7 n'ime afọ anọ maka okwu a, na-enye ohere maka mmụba nke ndị nyocha ọrụ na ndị ọrụ mbata na mpaghara ahụ. === Ụgbọ mmiri azụ mba ọzọ === N'afọ 1986, mba New Zealand nakweere usoro nchịkwa Quota nke na-enye ohere ka ụgbọ mmiri mba ọzọ (FCV’s) rụọ ọrụ n'ime New Zealand's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). N'ihi na FCV ndị a nọ n'èzí ikike nke nchedo ọrụ, ndị ọrụ enweela ike irigbu ndị ọrụ ma nyefee ha n'ọrụ mmanye. New Zealand kwadoro nkwekọrịta United Nations na Iwu nke Oké Osimiri n'afọ 1996, nke machibidoro njem nke ndị ohu, gụnyere n'ime EEZ.<ref>[https://www.un.org/depts/los/reference_files/status2010.pdf "Status of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 2010"]. Retrieved April 30, 2015.</ref><ref>United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Article 99.</ref><ref>United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Article 58(2).</ref> N'afọ 1997, e wetara ikpe mbụ na-ebo ebubo mmegbu ikike mmadụ na FCV n'ụlọ ikpe New Zealand ma nye ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ụgwọ.<ref>''Udovenko v Karelybflot'' HC (Christchurch) AD90/98 (24 May 1999); ''Karelrebflot v Udovenko'' [2000] 2 NZLR 24 (CA) (17 December 1999).</ref> Gọọmentị mere nyocha n'afọ 2004 wee chọpụta ikike mmadụ na mmegbu nkwekọrịta mana ewepụtaghị nchọpụta ahụ n'ihu ọha: 88 Na Septemba 2005, ndị ọrụ Indonesia iri nke ụgbọ mmiri Sky 75 nke Korea gbara ọsọ n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ma mee mkpesa na ndị uwe ojii New Zealand maka ido onwe ha n'okpuru ọnọdụ obi ọjọọ na ịkwụghị ụgwọ ọrụ: 82 N'afọ 2006, gọọmentị bipụtara ụkpụrụ nke Omume na ndị ọrụ azụ mba ọzọ.<ref name="devlin">Devlin, Jennifer. 2009. [http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/ANZMarLawJl/2009/9.pdf “Modern Day Slavery: Employment Conditions for Foreign Fishing Crews in New Zealand Waters”]. austlii.edu.au. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref><ref name="devlin" /> Ebe ọ bụ na nke a bụ ntụziaka iwu na-abụghị iwu, ọ dịghị ọrụ ọ bụla maka ndị ọchịchị New Zealand ịmanye iwu ahụ, ya mere mmegbu gara n'ihu, na nkwupụta ndị ọzọ na-aga nke ọma n'ụlọ ikpe na-eme ka a mara banyere okwu ahụ.<ref>''D V Ryboproduckt Limited v The 49 crew of the MFV Aleksandr Ksenofonotov'' [2007] Employment Relations Authority, CA10/07, 5072931 (Unreported, James Crichton, 30 January 2007).</ref> N'afọ 2010, ''Oyang 70'' mikpuru, gbuo ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri isii. Ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri dị ndụ kpughere na ha enwetala ikike mmadụ na mmegbu nkwekọrịta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://docs.business.auckland.ac.nz/Doc/11-01-Not-in-New-Zealand-waters-surely-NZAI-Working-Paper-Sept-2011.pdf|author=Stringer, Christina., Simmons, Glenn and Coulston,Daren|date=2014|title=Not in New Zealand’s waters, surely? Labour and human rights abuses aboard foreign fishing vessels|publisher=dol.govt.nz|format=PDF|accessdate=30 April 2015|archivedate=13 January 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113113132/http://docs.business.auckland.ac.nz/Doc/11-01-Not-in-New-Zealand-waters-surely-NZAI-Working-Paper-Sept-2011.pdf}}.</ref> N'afọ 2011, ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ''Shin Ji'' na ''Oyang 75'' boro ebubo na e metọrọ ha n'ụzọ anụ ahụ, nke uche na nke mmekọahụ, na-ata ahụhụ n'ọnọdụ ọrụ na ntaramahụhụ na-adịghị mma, ma na-akwụghị ha ụgwọ ma ọ bụ na-agọnahụ ịkwụ ụgwọ ọrụ, a manyere ha n'okpuru iyi egwu izochi nke a nye ndị ọchịchị.<ref>Simmons, Glenn and Stringer, Christina, 2014. "NZ Fisheries Management System: Forced labour an ignored or overlooked dimension?" ''Marine Policy'' 50, 74-80, at P. 79.</ref> N'ịgbaso ebubo ndị a, gọọmentị mere nyocha nke Minista na Machị 2012.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150114000820/http://www.fish.govt.nz/en-nz/Consultations/Ministerial+Inquiry+into+Foreign+Charter+Vessels/default.htm]. fish.govt.nz Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> E webatara iwu nke nwere ọtụtụ n'ime aro ndị dị na akụkọ ahụ na nzuko omeiwu mana ọ gafeghị. E mechara weghachite ya n'okpuru ngwa ngwa na Iwu Ndezigharị nke Fisheries (Foreign Charter Vessels and Other Matters) gafere n'ime iwu New Zealand n'afọ 2014. Ndezigharị a nyere iwu na FCV niile dị n'ime EEZ ga-alaghachi na New Zealand site na 2016, nke ga-enye ohere ka Ụlọikpe New Zealand nwee ikike zuru oke maka ndị ọrụ niile, ndị ga-enwe otu nchedo nke ndị ọrụ niile nọ na New Zealand.<ref>Fisheries Act 1996, Section 103.</ref> Tụkwasị na nke a, e meela Mmemme Ndị Nlekọta iji nyochaa ọnọdụ ahụ nke ọma.<ref>Fisheries Act 1996, Section 233.</ref> A na-atụ anya na iwu ọhụrụ ahụ ga-eweta njedebe nke ịgba ohu nke oge a na mpaghara mmiri New Zealand.<ref>ONE news.2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221113212018/https://www.tvnz.co.nz/politics-news/fishing-slavery-bill-passes-final-hurdle-6042802 “Fishing Slavery Bill Passes final Hurdle”]. tvnz.co.nz. Retrieved 30 April 2015.</ref> == Nzaghachi ikpe == Mba New Zealand nwere ndị otu ikpe nke Council Advisory Council of Jurists na Asia Pacific Forum. Ọkaikpe Susan Glazebrook ekwuola na ndị ọka ikpe ga-anọgide na-amata banyere ịzụ ahịa mmadụ dịka enwere ike ibute ikpe n'okpuru iwu dị iche iche, ọ bụ ezie na eziokwu nke ikpe ahụ nwere ike ịbụ mpụ nke ịzụ ahịa mmadụ. : 12 A ghọtara mkpa ọ dị ikpe kwesịrị ekwesị, na nchedo ndị metụtara, site na iji nlezianya mee ihe nchebe ndị akaebe na ịtụle mmetụta nke ịchụpụ ha nwere ike: 13<ref name="glazebrook">{{Cite web|url=https://www.courtsofnz.govt.nz/speechpapers/NZ%20trafficking%20Paper%20-%20final%20-%203%20Feb.pdf?searchterm=human%20AND%20trafficking%20AND%20new%20AND%20zealand*|author=Glazebrook, Susan|title=Human Trafficking and New Zealand|publisher=courtsofnz.govt.nz|format=PDF|accessdate=30 April 2015|archivedate=4 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304082618/https://www.courtsofnz.govt.nz/speechpapers/NZ%20trafficking%20Paper%20-%20final%20-%203%20Feb.pdf?searchterm=human%20AND%20trafficking%20AND%20new%20AND%20zealand*}}.</ref><ref name="glazebrook" />  == Òtù ndị na-abụghị nke gọọmentị == Òtù dị iche iche na-abụghị nke gọọmentị na-arụ ọrụ na New Zealand iji nye aka na mmemme nyocha, na-enye nzaghachi nke ndị metụtara ma na-akwalite mmata ọha na eze. Ihe atụ gụnyere Human Rights Commission, Stop the Traffik Aotearoa, Oxfam New Zealand, Justice Acts New Zealand, Child Alert (ECPAT) NZ, na Slave Free Seas. Ndị agha nzọpụta akwadola nzukọ 'Prevent People Trafficking' n'afọ 2013 n'afọ 2014. == Leekwa == * Akụkọ banyere ịgba ohu na New Zealand * Ịzụ ahịa mmadụ * Mpụ na New Zealand == Ịgụgụ ọzọ == *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   == Ebensidee == {{Reflist|2}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4vbsatwgvly3tkk5rk8vlsmlc82rqic 0 15796 638173 198071 2026-05-17T08:26:00Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638173 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Kamel Touati''' (Arabic) (a mụrụ na Febụwarị 22, 1952 - na Tunis ) bụ [[Tunisia|onye]] na-eme ihe nkiri na [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nessma.tv/fr/nationale/actu/fausses-rumeurs-au-sujet-du-deces-de-l-acteur-kamel-touati/253676|title=Fausses rumeurs au sujet du décès de l'acteur Kamel Touati|work=[[Nessma]]|accessdate=15 April 2022|language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.gnet.tn/Kamel+Touati-d%C3%A9ment-les-rumeurs-sur-son-d%C3%A9c%C3%A8s+|title=Kamel Touati dément les rumeurs sur son décès|work=news.gnet.tn|accessdate=15 April 2022|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === * 1974 : ''Sejnane'' nke Abdellatif Ben Ammar * 1986 : La Coupe nke Mohamed Damak dere : Rached * 1990 : Halfaouine Child of the Terraces nke Férid Boughedir * 1992 : ** Poussière de diamant nke Mahmoud Ben Mahmoud na Fadhel Jaïbi ** ''Sultan nke medina'' nke Moncef Dhouib dere : Sargene * 1994 : The Silences of the Palace nke Moufida Tlatli dere : Hussein * 1995 : ** Madame Butterfly nke Frédéric Mitterrand dere : nwanne nna Yakusidé ** Le Magique nke Azedine Melliti dere : Nna Deanie * 1997 : Bent Familia nke Nouri Bouzid dere : Slah * 1998 : ** Ou noir ou blanc nke Anouar Ben Aïssa dere ** Festin nke Mohamed Damak (''ihe'' nkiri dị mkpirikpi) : Kamel Touati * 2014 : Une Journée sans femme, obere ihe nkiri nke Najwa Slama Limam * 2019 : ''Tupu oge'' aga site na Majdi Lakhdhar : Hassen * 2020 : Nouba (oge 2) nke [[Abdelhamid Bouchnak]] : Omrane Bradaris * 2021-2022 : El Foundou nke [[Saoussen Jemni]] : Abbas a na-akpọ Marouki. *2023 : ** Captain Majed nke [[Mohamed Ali Mihoub]]: Abdelmajed ** Sabak El Khir nke [[Kaïs Chekir]] : [[Onye isi ala nke Ecuador|Onye isi ala]] * 2024 : ** Beb Rezk sitere na [[Heifel Ben Youssef]] : Hadj Taher ** Super Tounsi nke Kaïs Chekir : Onye isi ala === Telivishọn === * 1992 : Un inviato molto speciale nke Vittorio De Sisti dere : onye na-esi ísì ụtọ * 1995 : ** ''Bab El Khoukha'' nke Abdeljabbar Bhouri : Mohsen ** ''Edhak Ledonia'' nke Tahar Fazaa dere : Rzouga * 2001 : ''Hercule Poirot'' nke Brian Eastman dere : Squat Man * 2003 : Chez Azaïez nke Hatem Bel Hadj dere : Azaïez * 2004 : ''Loutil'' (L'Hôtel) nke Slaheddine Essid dere : Cherif Tounsi * 2005 - 2009 : ''Choufli Hal'' nke Hatem Bel Hadj dere : Slimane Labiedh * 2010 : Dar Lekhlaa nke Ahmed Rajab dere : Kraiem * 2012 : ''Dar Louzir'' nke Slaheddine Essid dere : Ismaïl Bourigua * 2014 : ''Talaa Wala Habet'' nke Majdi Smiri dere : Ammar * 2015 : ''Ambulance'' nke Lassaad Oueslati : Majid * 2015 - 2017 : Bolice nke Majdi Smiri : Rchid * 2015 - 2018 : ''Nsibti Laaziza'' nke Slaheddine Essid na [[Younes Ferhi]] : Abdelaziz alice Azzouz * 2016 : Embouteillage site [[Walid Tayaa]] : Morched * 2018 : ''Elli Lik Lik'' nke Kaïs Chekir dere : Farhat Gharbi * 2019 : ''Zanket El Bacha'' nke Nejib Mnasria dere : Mahmoud Bacha * 2020 : ''Nouba'' (oge 2) nke Abdelhamid Bouchnak: Omrane Bradaris<ref>{{Cite web|title=Démarrage du tournage de la série télévisée ''Nouba 2'' qui sera diffusée durant le mois de ramadan|url=https://www.espacemanager.com/demarrage-du-tournage-de-la-serie-televisee-nouba-2-qui-sera-diffusee-durant-le-mois-de-ramadan.html|work=espacemanager.com|language=fr|date=28 January 2020|accessdate=15 April 2022|archivedate=20 June 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620221853/https://www.espacemanager.com/demarrage-du-tournage-de-la-serie-televisee-nouba-2-qui-sera-diffusee-durant-le-mois-de-ramadan.html}}.</ref> * 2021 + 2022: ''El Foundou'' nke Saoussen Jemni dere : Abbas pụọ Marouki<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mosaiquefm.net/amp/fr/tv-ramadan-tunisie/894720/kamel-touati-el-foundou-est-un-plus-pour-ma-carriere|title=Kamel Touati : ''El Foundou est un plus pour ma carrière''|work=[[Mosaïque FM]]|accessdate=15 April 2022|language=fr-FR}}</ref> * 2023 : ** Captain Majed nke [[Mohamed Ali Mihoub]] : Abdelmajed ** Sabak El Khir nke [[Kaïs Chekir]] : [[Onye isi ala nke Ecuador|Onye isi ala]] * 2024 : ** Beb Rezk sitere na [[Heifel Ben Youssef]] : Hadj Taher ** Super Tounsi nke Kaïs Chekir : Onye isi ala === Vidio === * 2009 : ebe mgbasa ozi maka GlobalNet * 2011 : ebe mgbasa ozi maka akara margarine nke Tunisia Régina === Ebe ngosi Ihe nkiri === * 1974 : Le Chariot nke Lamine Nahdi na Jamel Eddine Ben Rahal * 1975 : ''Meriah'' * 1989 : ** El ''Aweda'', ederede na onye nduzi nke Fadhel Jaïbi na [[Fadhel Jaziri|Fadhel jaziri]] ** ''Klem Ellil'' nke Taoufik Jebali dere * 1992 : Comedia, ederede na onye nduzi nke Fadhel Jaïbi * 1993 : Familia, ederede na onye nduzi nke Fadhel Jaïbi * 1999 : Contre X nke Taoufik Jebali * 2004 : ''Ahna hakka''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.babnet.net/festivaldetail-16489.asp|title=«Ahna Hakka» de Kamel Touati au cœur de l’actualité|work=www.babnet.net|accessdate=15 April 2022|language=fr-FR}}</ref> * 2015 : Re... animation<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.webdo.tn/2015/01/05/tunisie-re-animation-de-kamel-touati-le-17-janvier-au-theatre-municipal-de-tunis/|title=« Ré…Animation » de Kamel Touati, le 17 janvier au théâtre municipal de Tunis|work=www.webdo.tn|accessdate=15 April 2022|language=fr-FR|archivedate=15 November 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115120407/http://www.webdo.tn/2015/01/05/tunisie-re-animation-de-kamel-touati-le-17-janvier-au-theatre-municipal-de-tunis/}}</ref> * 2020 : ''Mammou W Chhima'' nke Lassaâd Ben Abdallah === Mgbasa ozi === * 2013 : ** 5outh Bayek na Radio IFM : onye ọbịa ** ''Labès'' na Naoufel Ouertani na El Hiwar El Tounsi : oge 3 ihe omume 2 onye ọbịa * 2014 : Nchịkọta na Jawhara FM : onye ọbịa * 2016 : ** Romdhane Show na Hedi Zaiem na Mosaïque FM : onye ọbịa * 2018 : ''Ihe omume'' ya na Amine Gara na Attessia TV : onye ọbịa * 2020 : ** ''Noujoum'' na Naoufel Ouertani : onye ọbịa ** ''Tak Ö Tak'' na Mosaïque FM : onye ọbịa ** ''Tounes El Yaoum'' na Mariem Belkadhi : oge 2 ihe omume 100 onye ọbịa * 2021 : ** ''Fekret Sami Fehri'' na Hedi Zaiem na El Hiwar El Tounsi : oge 3 ihe omume 26 onye ọbịa == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|nm0869461}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] r36pj9v94rvtb8naw3v84jqrgpd5r4w 638174 638173 2026-05-17T08:26:02Z KiranBOT 25138 removed AMP tracking from URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|details]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|report error]]) v2.2.9s 638174 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Kamel Touati''' (Arabic) (a mụrụ na Febụwarị 22, 1952 - na Tunis ) bụ [[Tunisia|onye]] na-eme ihe nkiri na [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nessma.tv/fr/nationale/actu/fausses-rumeurs-au-sujet-du-deces-de-l-acteur-kamel-touati/253676|title=Fausses rumeurs au sujet du décès de l'acteur Kamel Touati|work=[[Nessma]]|accessdate=15 April 2022|language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.gnet.tn/Kamel+Touati-d%C3%A9ment-les-rumeurs-sur-son-d%C3%A9c%C3%A8s+|title=Kamel Touati dément les rumeurs sur son décès|work=news.gnet.tn|accessdate=15 April 2022|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === * 1974 : ''Sejnane'' nke Abdellatif Ben Ammar * 1986 : La Coupe nke Mohamed Damak dere : Rached * 1990 : Halfaouine Child of the Terraces nke Férid Boughedir * 1992 : ** Poussière de diamant nke Mahmoud Ben Mahmoud na Fadhel Jaïbi ** ''Sultan nke medina'' nke Moncef Dhouib dere : Sargene * 1994 : The Silences of the Palace nke Moufida Tlatli dere : Hussein * 1995 : ** Madame Butterfly nke Frédéric Mitterrand dere : nwanne nna Yakusidé ** Le Magique nke Azedine Melliti dere : Nna Deanie * 1997 : Bent Familia nke Nouri Bouzid dere : Slah * 1998 : ** Ou noir ou blanc nke Anouar Ben Aïssa dere ** Festin nke Mohamed Damak (''ihe'' nkiri dị mkpirikpi) : Kamel Touati * 2014 : Une Journée sans femme, obere ihe nkiri nke Najwa Slama Limam * 2019 : ''Tupu oge'' aga site na Majdi Lakhdhar : Hassen * 2020 : Nouba (oge 2) nke [[Abdelhamid Bouchnak]] : Omrane Bradaris * 2021-2022 : El Foundou nke [[Saoussen Jemni]] : Abbas a na-akpọ Marouki. *2023 : ** Captain Majed nke [[Mohamed Ali Mihoub]]: Abdelmajed ** Sabak El Khir nke [[Kaïs Chekir]] : [[Onye isi ala nke Ecuador|Onye isi ala]] * 2024 : ** Beb Rezk sitere na [[Heifel Ben Youssef]] : Hadj Taher ** Super Tounsi nke Kaïs Chekir : Onye isi ala === Telivishọn === * 1992 : Un inviato molto speciale nke Vittorio De Sisti dere : onye na-esi ísì ụtọ * 1995 : ** ''Bab El Khoukha'' nke Abdeljabbar Bhouri : Mohsen ** ''Edhak Ledonia'' nke Tahar Fazaa dere : Rzouga * 2001 : ''Hercule Poirot'' nke Brian Eastman dere : Squat Man * 2003 : Chez Azaïez nke Hatem Bel Hadj dere : Azaïez * 2004 : ''Loutil'' (L'Hôtel) nke Slaheddine Essid dere : Cherif Tounsi * 2005 - 2009 : ''Choufli Hal'' nke Hatem Bel Hadj dere : Slimane Labiedh * 2010 : Dar Lekhlaa nke Ahmed Rajab dere : Kraiem * 2012 : ''Dar Louzir'' nke Slaheddine Essid dere : Ismaïl Bourigua * 2014 : ''Talaa Wala Habet'' nke Majdi Smiri dere : Ammar * 2015 : ''Ambulance'' nke Lassaad Oueslati : Majid * 2015 - 2017 : Bolice nke Majdi Smiri : Rchid * 2015 - 2018 : ''Nsibti Laaziza'' nke Slaheddine Essid na [[Younes Ferhi]] : Abdelaziz alice Azzouz * 2016 : Embouteillage site [[Walid Tayaa]] : Morched * 2018 : ''Elli Lik Lik'' nke Kaïs Chekir dere : Farhat Gharbi * 2019 : ''Zanket El Bacha'' nke Nejib Mnasria dere : Mahmoud Bacha * 2020 : ''Nouba'' (oge 2) nke Abdelhamid Bouchnak: Omrane Bradaris<ref>{{Cite web|title=Démarrage du tournage de la série télévisée ''Nouba 2'' qui sera diffusée durant le mois de ramadan|url=https://www.espacemanager.com/demarrage-du-tournage-de-la-serie-televisee-nouba-2-qui-sera-diffusee-durant-le-mois-de-ramadan.html|work=espacemanager.com|language=fr|date=28 January 2020|accessdate=15 April 2022|archivedate=20 June 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620221853/https://www.espacemanager.com/demarrage-du-tournage-de-la-serie-televisee-nouba-2-qui-sera-diffusee-durant-le-mois-de-ramadan.html}}.</ref> * 2021 + 2022: ''El Foundou'' nke Saoussen Jemni dere : Abbas pụọ Marouki<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/tv-ramadan-tunisie/894720/kamel-touati-el-foundou-est-un-plus-pour-ma-carriere|title=Kamel Touati : ''El Foundou est un plus pour ma carrière''|work=[[Mosaïque FM]]|accessdate=15 April 2022|language=fr-FR}}</ref> * 2023 : ** Captain Majed nke [[Mohamed Ali Mihoub]] : Abdelmajed ** Sabak El Khir nke [[Kaïs Chekir]] : [[Onye isi ala nke Ecuador|Onye isi ala]] * 2024 : ** Beb Rezk sitere na [[Heifel Ben Youssef]] : Hadj Taher ** Super Tounsi nke Kaïs Chekir : Onye isi ala === Vidio === * 2009 : ebe mgbasa ozi maka GlobalNet * 2011 : ebe mgbasa ozi maka akara margarine nke Tunisia Régina === Ebe ngosi Ihe nkiri === * 1974 : Le Chariot nke Lamine Nahdi na Jamel Eddine Ben Rahal * 1975 : ''Meriah'' * 1989 : ** El ''Aweda'', ederede na onye nduzi nke Fadhel Jaïbi na [[Fadhel Jaziri|Fadhel jaziri]] ** ''Klem Ellil'' nke Taoufik Jebali dere * 1992 : Comedia, ederede na onye nduzi nke Fadhel Jaïbi * 1993 : Familia, ederede na onye nduzi nke Fadhel Jaïbi * 1999 : Contre X nke Taoufik Jebali * 2004 : ''Ahna hakka''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.babnet.net/festivaldetail-16489.asp|title=«Ahna Hakka» de Kamel Touati au cœur de l’actualité|work=www.babnet.net|accessdate=15 April 2022|language=fr-FR}}</ref> * 2015 : Re... animation<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.webdo.tn/2015/01/05/tunisie-re-animation-de-kamel-touati-le-17-janvier-au-theatre-municipal-de-tunis/|title=« Ré…Animation » de Kamel Touati, le 17 janvier au théâtre municipal de Tunis|work=www.webdo.tn|accessdate=15 April 2022|language=fr-FR|archivedate=15 November 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115120407/http://www.webdo.tn/2015/01/05/tunisie-re-animation-de-kamel-touati-le-17-janvier-au-theatre-municipal-de-tunis/}}</ref> * 2020 : ''Mammou W Chhima'' nke Lassaâd Ben Abdallah === Mgbasa ozi === * 2013 : ** 5outh Bayek na Radio IFM : onye ọbịa ** ''Labès'' na Naoufel Ouertani na El Hiwar El Tounsi : oge 3 ihe omume 2 onye ọbịa * 2014 : Nchịkọta na Jawhara FM : onye ọbịa * 2016 : ** Romdhane Show na Hedi Zaiem na Mosaïque FM : onye ọbịa * 2018 : ''Ihe omume'' ya na Amine Gara na Attessia TV : onye ọbịa * 2020 : ** ''Noujoum'' na Naoufel Ouertani : onye ọbịa ** ''Tak Ö Tak'' na Mosaïque FM : onye ọbịa ** ''Tounes El Yaoum'' na Mariem Belkadhi : oge 2 ihe omume 100 onye ọbịa * 2021 : ** ''Fekret Sami Fehri'' na Hedi Zaiem na El Hiwar El Tounsi : oge 3 ihe omume 26 onye ọbịa == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|nm0869461}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mj3pzj5k1j9mo4onx51vq3990rhtpnm 0 17195 638092 128530 2026-05-16T14:05:59Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ido Drent''' (amụrụ na 27 Jenụwarị 1987) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri a mụrụ na [[South Africa|South Africa,]] ọ na-arụ ọrụ ma na-ebi na Auckland, New Zealand . A maara ya nke ọma nye ndị na-ege ntị na telivishọn dị ka Daniel Potts na ihe nkiri ncha ogologo oge Shortland Street . == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Drent na Pretoria ma zụlite ya ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ na Potchefstroom, South Africa.<ref name="kimberleycrossman1">{{Cite web|title=Hottie of the Week: Ido Drent|url=http://www.kimberleycrossman.com/content/ido-drent|work=kimberleycrossman.com|date=n.d.|accessdate=29 October 2011}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 1996 Drent na ezinụlọ ya kwagara New Zealand. Ọ na-echeta na ọ na-ele Shortland Street na nke mbụ ya ma na-enwe mgbagwoju anya site na ụda olu.<ref name="tvnz1">{{Cite web|title=Ido Drent|url=http://tvnz.co.nz/content/2538534|work=tvnz.co.nz|publisher=[[Television New Zealand]]|date=n.d.|accessdate=29 October 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100407084206/http://tvnz.co.nz/content/2538534|archivedate=7 April 2010}}</ref> N'oge ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ bụ onye na-egwu tenis na Hamilton ma na-egwuri egwu n'akụkụ onye egwuregwu a ma ama bụ Todd Breeze. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Drent gụrụ azụmahịa na mahadum ma rụọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ mmepe ihe onwunwe.<ref name="tvnz1" /><ref name="throng1">{{Cite web|title=Ido Drent|url=http://www.throng.co.nz/shortland-street/ido-drent|work=throng.co.nz|publisher=Throng|date=April 2009|accessdate=29 October 2011}}</ref> Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ nwa oge na mgbasa ozi telivishọn, Drent " jidere nje na-eme ihe nkiri".<ref name="tvnz1" /> == Ọrụ == === Mmalite na Shortland Street === Drent ghọrọ ihe nlereanya, ọ bịanyere aka na 11 Modeling Agency ma ghọọ onye na-eme ihe n'oge na-adịghị anya.<ref name="kimberleycrossman1"/> Ọ malitere ịga ọmụmụ ihe Meisner Acting ma na 2008, o sonyere na nnyochaa maka ọrụ na-abịanụ na ihe nkiri a kpọrọ Shortland Street.<ref name="throng1"/> Ọrụ ahụ bụ mgbanwe nke onye gara aga Daniel Potts, nwa ọjọọ na-abụghị nwa nke onye isi Sarah Potts. A kpọrọ Drent azụ mgbe mbụ ọ nwesịrị nnwale, ma, mgbe ya na onye na-eme ihe nkiri Sarah, Amanda Billing, rụchara ọrụ ahụ. O mere nke mbụ ya na ihe ngosi ahụ na Machị 2009 ma were ọnọdụ obi na-akụda ngwa ngwa.<ref name="new">{{Cite web|title=New stars set to sex up 'Shortland St'|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/television/news/article.cfm?c_id=339&objectid=10560883|author=Glucina, Rachel|work=NZherald|date=March 2009|accessdate=29 October 2011}}</ref> Maka ọrụ ya na Shortland Street, a họpụtara Drent ma nye ya ọtụtụ onyinye, nke gụnyere na 2010 New Zealand TV Guide Best on the Box maka "Rising Star".<ref name="tvnz1"/> O nwetakwara ihe nrite nke abụọ maka "Hottest Male Actor" na Throng Shortland Street Fan Awards 2010, na-emeri nna nna Benjamin Mitchell.<ref name="awards10">{{Cite web|title=Shortland Street fan awards 2010 - winners|url=http://www.throng.co.nz/shortland-street/shortland-street-fan-awards-2010-winners|work=Throng|date=December 2010|accessdate=29 October 2011|archivedate=18 December 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218122102/http://www.throng.co.nz/shortland-street/shortland-street-fan-awards-2010-winners}}</ref> N'afọ 2011, a họpụtara Drent maka onyinye Girlfriend Faves Forever maka "Celeb Male 2011" maka ọrụ ya na Shortland Street na "Favorite TV star" na ihe nrite What Now.<ref name="awardsgalore">{{Cite web|title=Awards galore|url=http://tvnz.co.nz/shortland-street/awards-galore-4486132|work=tvnz.co.nz|publisher=[[Television New Zealand]]|date=October 2011|accessdate=29 October 2011|archivedate=14 November 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111114013755/http://tvnz.co.nz/shortland-street/awards-galore-4486132}}</ref><ref name="awardsgalore" /> N'afọ 2012, Drent hapụrụ ọrụ ya na Shortland Street iji chụsoo ohere ọrụ na [[Ostraliya|Australia]]. O kwuru, sị, "Nye m, igbasawanye onwe m dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri bụ ihe dị m mkpa maka ịga n'ihu, ọbụlagodi na ọ pụtara ịhapụ obere nchebe ma tinye onwe m n'ihe ize ndụ dị ukwuu".<ref name="bigdecision">{{Cite journal|title=Ido & Mandy's Big Decision|journal=New Zealand Woman's Weekly|date=October 8, 2012|author=Rawson, Emma}}</ref> Mgbe ọ kwagara Australia, Drent nwetara ọrụ na oge nke anọ nke ihe ngosi telivishọn Offspring, na-eme nke mbụ ya na Mee 2013.<ref name="offspring">{{Cite web|title=Returning: Offspring|url=http://www.tvtonight.com.au/2013/05/returning-offspring-3.html|author=Knox, David|date=1 May 2013|work=TVtonight}}</ref> Onye na-arụkọ ọrụ ya bụ Matthew Le Nevez toro Drent, "O nwere ume dị mma, nke na-eme ka obi dị jụụ... Ọ bụ nnukwu onye na-eme ihe nkiri. "<ref name="babycrazy">{{Cite web|title=Offspring is baby-crazy|url=http://www.sunshinecoastdaily.com.au/news/offspring-is-baby-crazy-matthew-le-nevez/1879633/|work=Sunshine Coast Daily|date=25 May 2013|author=Cronin, Seanna|publisher=[[APN News & Media]]}}</ref> Drent nwetakwara ọrụ nke onye na-akụ egwu INXS Jon Farriss na miniseries na-egosi òtù ahụ, INXS: Never Tear Us Apart.<ref name="inxs1">{{Cite web|title=INXS' Untold Story to be revealed|url=http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/entertainment/a/-/entertainment/17691977/inxs-untold-story-to-be-revealed/|work=thewest.com.au|publisher=[[Yahoo!]]|date=21 June 2013|author=McRae, Ross|accessdate=23 June 2022|archivedate=24 June 2013|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130624230640/http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/entertainment/a/-/entertainment/17691977/inxs-untold-story-to-be-revealed/}}</ref><ref name="inxs2">{{Cite web|title=Cast Of INXS Mini Series Never Tear Us Apart Revealed!|url=http://www.take40.com/news/40694/cast-of-inxs-mini-series-never-tear-us-apart-revealed!-|work=Take40|date=23 June 2013|publisher=MCM Media}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe == Drent na-etinye aka na mmega ahụ nke ukwuu ma hụ kọfị n'anya.<ref name="kimberleycrossman1"/> O nwere okwukwe siri ike nke Ndị Kraịst na mkpebi ịnọgide na-alụbeghị di ruo mgbe ọ lụrụ di.<ref name="engaged">{{Cite web|title=Celebrity virgins, vixens and vices|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/news/article.cfm?c_id=1501119&objectid=10721579|work=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|publisher=[[APN News & Media]]|author=Glucina, Rachel|date=April 2011|accessdate=29 October 2011}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2011, Drent kwupụtara na ya na onye na-eme ihe ntecha bụ Mandy Hodges kwere nkwa ọlụlụ site na ibe Facebook ya.<ref name="engaged" /> Mgbe ha yisiri ọyị ọnwa asaa, ha abụọ lụrụ na Disemba 2011 n'ememe nke ndị ezinụlọ, ndị enyi, na ndị otu ya gara.<ref name="cantwaittobemarried">{{Cite journal|title=Ido Drent: why we can't wait to be married|url=http://www.nzwomansweekly.co.nz/celebrities/celeb-stories/ido-drent-why-we-cant-wait-be-married/story/4105100/|journal=[[New Zealand Woman's Weekly]]|author=Dewe, Nicky|date=June 2011|accessdate=29 October 2011}}</ref><ref name="bigday">{{Cite journal|title=Ido Drent and Amanda Hodges' divine big day|date=29 December 2011|journal=Woman's Weekly|author=Dewe, Nicky}}</ref> Ha nwere nwa nwoke na nwa nwanyị. === Ịgba mbọ === Drent abụwo onye nnọchi anya maka 40Hour Famine na 2010, 2011 na 2012, ebe o nyeere ụmụaka nọ ná mkpa aka na East Timor.<ref name="tvnz1"/> O sonyere na ọsọ nke gụnyere ịgba ọsọ kilomita ịrị abụọ n'ụbọchị maka otu izu iji nweta ego maka Ronald McDonald House Charities.<ref name="illness">{{Cite web|title=Illness forces television star out of charity run|url=http://www.bayofplentytimes.co.nz/news/illness-forces-television-star-out-of-charity-run/1065322/|work=Bay of Plenty Times|publisher=[[Fairfax Media]]|author=McPherson, Michele|date=August 2011|accessdate=29 October 2011}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a manyere Drent ịhapụ n'ihi na ọ na-arịa [[Meninjaịtis|ọrịa]] nke ukwuu ma na-atụ egwu na ọ nwere ike ịnwe meningitis.<ref name="illness" /><ref name="meningitis">{{Cite web|title=Shortland Street star's meningitis scare|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/tv/5370240/Shortland-Street-stars-meningitis-scare|work=[[stuff.co.nz]]|publisher=[[Fairfax Media]]|author=Growcott, Mathew|date=August 2011|accessdate=29 October 2011}}</ref> Drent bụkwa onye na-akwado mgbochi ise siga na New Zealand. == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+'''Ihe nkiri na telivishọn''' !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |2009-2012<br /><br /><br /><br /> |''Okporo ámá Shortland'' |Daniel Potts |Core CastWon - "Rising Star", New Zealand TV Guide Best on the Box awards 2010Won - ""Celeb Male 2011", Girlfriend Faves Forever 2011Nominated - "Favorite TV star", The Nowies 2011Won -"number one sarah potts son<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- |2013 2016<br /><br /><br /><br /> |''Ụmụ'' |Dr. Lawrence Pethbridge |Recurring (season 4) Main cast (season 5)Guest (season 6)<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |- |2014 |''INXS: Mgbaghara Ịdọpụ Anyị'' |Jon Farriss | |- |2015 |''Mgbe Anyị Na-aga Agha'' |Charles Smith | |- |2019 |''Alaeze Ukwu Rom'' |Caligula |Onye isi n'oge oge nke atọ a na-akpọ Mad Emperor. Nke Netflix mepụtara. |- |2019 |''Ọwara Oké Osimiri'' |D.S. Justin Harding |Ndị isi na-eme ihe nkiri niile |- |} == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] r1klp037hg1geskmnoksz1233c8tdfd 0 17755 638139 130352 2026-05-16T23:13:19Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James''' Little (amụrụ n'afọ 1952) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe na ónyé nlekọta.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Ploski|first=Harry A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3jY0AQAAIAAJ|title=The Negro Almanac: A Reference Work on the African American|date=1989|publisher=Gale Research|isbn=978-0-8103-7706-6|pages=1061|language=en}}</ref> A maara ya màkà ọrụ ya nke geometric abstraction nke na-enwekarị ụcha mara mma.<ref name="culturetype">{{Cite web|url=https://www.culturetype.com/2020/10/22/james-littles-black-paintings-are-a-volley-of-minimalist-ideals-exposing-the-drama-richness-and-contrasting-values-of-black/|title=James Little's Black Paintings are a 'Volley of Minimalist Ideals' Exposing the Drama, Richness, and Contrasting Values of Black|date=October 22, 2020|work=Culturetype.com}}</ref> Ọ bi na New York City. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Little na 1962 na Memphis, Tennessee, ma too na South America.<ref name=":0"/><ref name="culturetype"/><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|first=Celia|author=McGee|accessdate=2022-02-05|title=Driven to Abstraction|url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/artists/driven-to-abstraction-368/|date=1 January 2011|work=[[ARTnews]]}}</ref> O sitere n'ezinụlọ [[Ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka|ndị Africa America]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Sheets|first=Hilarie M.|date=March 19, 2020|title=Color and Design Matter. So Does Optimism.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/19/arts/show-us-your-wall-james-little.html|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Memphis Academy of Art (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Memphis College of Art), mgbè ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ, a na-eto ọrụ ya ma họrọ ya na 1973 màkà ngosi na Arkansas Arts Center site na Gerald Nordland.<ref name="bombmagazine">{{Cite web|date=April 19, 2017|title=James Little by LeRonn P. Brooks|url=https://bombmagazine.org/articles/james-little/|work=[[Bomb (magazine)|Bomb]]}}</ref> O nwetara ákàrà ugo mmụta BFA ya na Memphis Academy of Art na 1974.<ref name=":0"/> N'afọ 1976, Little nwetara ákàrá ugo mmụta MFA na Mahadum Syracuse dị na Syracuse, New York.<ref name="junekellygallery">{{Cite web|url=http://www.junekellygallery.com/little/littlebio.htm|title=James Little Bio|work=Junekellygallery.com|accessdate=2022-07-01|archivedate=2021-03-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302160247/http://www.junekellygallery.com/little/littlebio.htm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.widewalls.ch/artists/james-little|title=James Little|accessdate=2022-07-01|archivedate=2022-04-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408125800/https://www.widewalls.ch/artists/james-little}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Little kwùrù na Mitchell tinyere Barnett Newman, Mark Rothko, Franz Kline, Alma Thomas, na George L. K. Morris so n'ime ndị na-ese ihe nke ọrụ ya na-enwe mmasị na ya. O kwùrù banyéré modus operani nke ọrụ nke ya (nke ahụ)......"Abstraction nyere m mkpebi onwé onye na nnwere onwe ime nhọrọ. Ọ bụ nnwere onwe. Achọghị m nnwere onwe n'ụdị ọ bụla ọzọ. Ndị mmadụ na-achọ ịnwe azịza tupu ha enwee ahụmịhe. Abstraction anaghị enye gị nke ahụ. "<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artnews.com/list/art-news/artists/2022-whitney-biennial-standouts-1234623257/|title=12 Standouts at the 2022 Whitney Biennial, Where Poetic Reflections on Past Two Years Shine Brightly|date=29 March 2022}}</ref> Onye nkatọ Karen Wilkin akpọwo ọrụ Little (dị ka nke nwere) ahụike na-adọrọ mmasị" na . . . "orchestrations nke geometry na chroma iji mee ka anya anyị nwee obi ụtọ ma kpalie mmetụta na ọgụgụ isi anyị..Nke a bụ ihe a na-akpọ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Panero|first=James|date=June 2013|title=Gallery chronicle|url=https://newcriterion.com/issues/2013/6/gallery-chronicle-7666|work=The New Criterion}}</ref> == Onyinye == N'afọ 2009, Little ritere ihe nríte Joan Mitchell Foundation.<ref>{{Cite web|title=James Little|url=https://www.joanmitchellfoundation.org/james-little|accessdate=9 February 2022|work=Joan Mitchell Foundation}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa ónyé natara onyinye Pollock-Krasner Foundation.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chromatic Rhythm — James Little: Paintings on Paper – Department of Art and Art History|url=https://art.ua.edu/loupe/chromatic-rhythm-james-little-paintings-on-paper/}}</ref> == Ọgwụgwọ == N'afọ 2019, Little haziri ihe ngosi "New York Centric" na gallery nke American Fine Arts Society nke gụnyere ọrụ nke ọtụtụ ọgbọ nke ndị na-ese ihe na-enweghị atụ metụtara nnukwu Metropolis gụnyere Alma Thomas, [[Alvin D. Loving|Alvin Loving]], Larry Poons, Stanley Boxer, Peter Reginato, Dan Christensen, Ronnie Landfield, Gabriele Evertz, Charles Hinman, Thornton Willis, Doug Ohlson, Robert Swain, na [[Edward Clark (artist)|Ed Clark]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://asllinea.org/new-york-centric/|title=New York-Centric|work=Asllinea.org|date=18 March 2019|accessdate=9 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://brooklynrail.org/2019/05/artseen/New-York-Centric|title=New York-Centric|first=William|author=Corwin|date=1 May 2019|work=The Brooklyn Rail|accessdate=9 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://amsterdamnews.com/news/2019/03/21/paint-abstract-art-focus-james-little-curated-exhi/|title=Paint, abstract art, focus of James Little curated exhibition at Art Students League|date=21 March 2019}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi onwe onye == * 2018 Slants na White Paintings, June Kelly Gallery, New York * 2016 A gwara ya site na Rhythm: Ọrụ na-adịbeghị anya nke James Little, Louis Stern Fine Arts, West Hollywood, CA * 2015 Agba/Ndị na-ebu ụzọ: Ọrụ na-adịbeghị anya, edemede nke James Harithas, June Kelly Gallery, New York * 2013 Never Say Never, edemede nke Karen Wilkin, June Kelly Gallery, New York * 2011 Ex Pluribus Unum: New Paintings, edemede nke Mario Naves, June Kelly Gallery, New York * 2009 De-Classified, Recent Paintings, edemede nke James Harithas, June Kelly Gallery, New York * 2007 James Little: Akụkọ A Na-akọwaghị Akụkọ, Station Museum of Contemporary Art, Houston, TX * 2005 Reaching for the Sky, edemede nke Robert Costas, James Harithas, Al Loving, G. R.;NNNNiaoNamdi Gallery, New York; katalọgụ * 2003 Beyond Geometry: New Paintings, edemede nke Robert C. Morgan, L.I.C.K. Ltd. Fine Art, Long Island City, NY * 1995 Abstract Paintings na-adịbeghị anya, Kenkeleba Gallery, New York * 1992 James Little: Ọrụ ahọpụtara site na Afọ Iri gara aga, Lubin House Gallery, Mahadum Syracuse, New York * 1990 Tondos na Ovals, edemede nke April Kingsley, June Kelly Gallery, New York * 1989 James Little: Ihe osise ndị na-adịbeghị anya, The Christian Science Church, Boston, MA * 1988 James Little & Al Loving: Ọrụ Ọhụrụ, June Kelly Gallery, New York * 1987 Ihe osise ọhụrụ, Liz Harris Gallery, Boston, MA * 1985 James Little: Ihe osise, Harris Brown Gallery, Boston, MA * 1982 Ihe osise mmanụ na-adịbeghị anya, edemede nke April Kingsley, Alternative Museum, New York * 1976 Ihe osise nke James Little, nke Ronald Kuchta haziri, Everson Museum of Art, Syracuse, NY == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mmm2xw6joohq6dqbaoiwbqxy1dyeo63 0 18054 638184 577356 2026-05-17T11:09:36Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638184 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kevin Liles''' (amụrụ na Febụwarị 27, 1968, na Baltimore, Maryland, United States) bụ onye isi ndekọ America na ónyé nchoputa na ónyé isi oche nke 300 Entertainment. N'afọ 2020, Billboard Magazine nabatara Kevin dị ka R&B / Hip-Hop Executive of the Year màkà mbọ ọ na-agba na ihe ịga nke ọma nke Megan Thee Stallion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Revealed: Billboard's 2020 R&B/Hip-Hop Power Players — In A Year of Activism|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/9481918/billboard-rb-hip-hop-power-players-list-2020/|accessdate=14 November 2020|publisher=Billboard Magazine|date=12 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=How Kevin Liles & 300 Entertainment 'Move Our Culture Forward'|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/9482004/kevin-liles-billboard-rb-hip-hop-power-players-executive-of-the-year-interview|work=Billboard.com|accessdate=14 November 2020}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Liles tolitere na nso Baltimore, Maryland, ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Woodlawn High School. Ọ bụ nne ya, Alberta Fennoy, onye na-ahụ màkà ego, na nna nna Jerome Fennoy، onye na-eduzi ụgbọ okporo ígwè, zụlitere ya, tinyere ụmụnne atọ.<ref name="native">{{Cite web|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/features/bs-xpm-2014-08-15-bs-sc-kevin-liles-profile-20140813-story.html|title=Baltimore native Kevin Liles is a big hit in music and beyond|author=Owens|first=Donna|date=15 August 2014|work=[[Baltimore Sun]]|accessdate=2 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2003-01-01|title=40 Under 40 - Kevin Liles|url=https://www.crainsnewyork.com/awards/kevin-liles|accessdate=2020-12-21|work=Crain's New York Business|language=en|archivedate=2020-10-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027235939/https://www.crainsnewyork.com/awards/kevin-liles}}</ref> Ọ gara Mahadum Morgan State, na-amụ injinia na agụmakwụkwọ injinia eletrik site na NASA, mànà ọ hapụrụ mmemme ahụ tupu ọ gụchaa akwụkwọ iji chụsoo ọrụ egwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/baltimore/news/2018/10/04/morgan-state-university-surpasses-250m-funding.html|title=Morgan State University surpasses $250 million funding campaign goal|author=Eichensehr|first=Morgan|date=4 October 2018|work=Baltimore Business Journal|accessdate=2 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="native" /> == Ọrụ == Liles malitere ọrụ egwu ya dị ka ónyé otu ndị DJ nke Baltimore, Numarx. N'afọ 1986, otu ahụ so dee "Girl You Know It's True," nke Numarx dèrè na mbụ mànà o mechara bụrụ nnukwu egwu mbụ maka Milli Vanilli.<ref name="native"/> Liles bụ ónyé isi oche nke Def Jam Recordings na osote onye isi oche of The Island Def Jam Music Group site na 1999 ruo 2004. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka osote onye isi oche nkè Warner Music Group, na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ónyé ya na Island Def Jam Lyor Cohen tupu ọ kwụsị dị ka osota onye isi oche ya nke Warner Music group iji chụsoo ọrụ ọchụnta ego na Septemba 2009.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.9747/title.executive-vp-kevin-liles-leaves-warner-music-group-|title=Executive VP Kevin Liles Leaves Warner Music Group|author=Salima Koroma|work=HipHopDX|date=September 3, 2009}}</ref> == Ọrụ ebere == Ọrụ enyemaka Liles gụnyere ije ozi dị ka ónyé isi oche màkà New Yorkers For Children Gala na ihe okike ya na ntinye aka na-aga n'ihu na ''Kevin Liles'' for a Better Baltimore Foundation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hauteliving.com/2016/09/who-went-to-the-glam-new-yorkers-for-children-gala/621669/|title=Who Went to the Glam New Yorkers For Children Gala?|author=Sabino|first=Catherine|date=26 September 2016|work=Haute Living|accessdate=2 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="native"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == Liles lụrụ Erika Liles. Ya na Erika nwèrè ụmụ nwanyị abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://2paragraphs.com/2018/07/rhop-who-is-gizelles-biz-partner-erika-liles-millionaire-husband/|title=RHOP: Who Is Gizelle's Biz Partner Erika Liles Millionaire Husband?|date=22 July 2018|work=2paragraphs.com|accessdate=21 October 2019|archivedate=22 October 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022000441/https://2paragraphs.com/2018/07/rhop-who-is-gizelles-biz-partner-erika-liles-millionaire-husband/}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3idit0vmwl2r34b684k4649g732zth3 0 19942 638169 174446 2026-05-17T07:42:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638169 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''King Adebayo Film and Theatre Arts Network Television (KAFTAN TV)''' bụ ụlọ ọrụ telivishọn Naijiria na-arụ ọrụ awa iri abụọ na anọ. E guzobere ya na Disemba 2016, ọ bụ KAFTAN TV Ventures, ụlọ ọrụ azụmaahịa njikọ aka nke nwere isi ụlọ ọrụ na Ondo City, Ondo State, yana ọfịs ndị ọzọ na [[Lagos]] na [[Abuja]] na-ahazi ụlọọrụ televishọn a.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cultureintelligence.yafri.ca/platforms/kaftan-tv/|title=Kaftan TV|publisher=Culture Intelligence|accessdate=9 April 2021}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu Broadcasting Organization of Nigeria (BON) nke bụ njikọ mgbasa ozi nke ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi ọha na eze na nke onwe, nke ụlọ ọrụ Corporate Affairs Commission debanyere aha ya, dị ka onye nche nche nke Naịjirịa nke Terrestrial Free-to-Air Radio and Television (Tv), Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT), Direct-To-Home (DTH), na Multimedia Distribution System (MMDS).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bon.ng/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/List-of-BON-Members-Correct.pdf|title=BON Member Stations as at March 2021|publisher=Broadcasting Organization of Nigeria|accessdate=9 April 2021|archivedate=6 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506023815/https://bon.ng/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/List-of-BON-Members-Correct.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bon.ng/|title=Broadcasting Organization of Nigeria|publisher=BON|accessdate=11 April 2021|archivedate=11 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411134003/https://bon.ng/}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:Field_Reporting.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Field_Reporting.jpg/220px-Field_Reporting.jpg|thumb|Ndị ọrụ telivishọn KAFTAN na-ese ihe nkiri]] KAFTAN TV malitere mgbasa ozi na Septemba 2018. Ọ na-agbasa ozi n'asụsụ Bekee na StarTimes, BEN Television, na Lyngsat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lyngsat.com/tvchannels/ng/Kaftan-TV.html|title=Kaftan TV|publisher=Lyngsat.com|accessdate=9 April 2021}}</ref><ref name="KTS">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nigeriancablenewsonline.com/metro/kaftan-tv-launches-new-yoruba-channel-on-startimes/|title=KAFTAN TV Launches New Yoruba Channel on StarTimes|publisher=nigeriancablenewsonline.com|accessdate=5 February 2021|archivedate=15 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115174717/https://www.nigeriancablenewsonline.com/metro/kaftan-tv-launches-new-yoruba-channel-on-startimes/}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2020, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ malitere ọwa asụsụ Yoruba ya, nke malitekwara mgbasa ozi na StarTimes na mba niile na mpụga Naịjirịa na 1 Septemba 2020.<ref name="KTS"/> Mgbe ọ na-ekpuchi ntuli aka 2018 Osun State na isi obodo [[Osogbo]], otu onye ọrụ KAFTAN TV merụrụ ahụ mgbe ndị omempụ wakporo ya n'oge ọgba aghara nke usoro ntuli aka, yana ngwá ọrụ mmepụta na-enwekwa mmebi a na-apụghị idozi edozi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.today.ng/news/politics/osun-election-suspected-hoodlums-attack-journalists-osogbo-157165|title=Osun election: Suspected hoodlums attack journalists in Osogbo|date=27 September 2018|first=Bello|author=Adesola|work=Today.ng|accessdate=13 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/09/27/journalists-attacked-in-osogbo/|title=Journalists Attacked in Osogbo|date=27 September 2018|work=[[This Day (Nigeria)|This Day]]|accessdate=13 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://homelandnewsng.com/other-news/6125-police-release-official-statement-osun-election-violence|title=Police release official statement on Osun election violence|date=28 September 2018|work=Homeland News|accessdate=13 April 2020|archivedate=4 October 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004024046/http://homelandnewsng.com/other-news/6125-police-release-official-statement-osun-election-violence}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecable.ng/reporters-diary-419-votes-hours-in-the-jungle-and-other-tales-of-osun-poll|title=Reporter's Diary: '419 votes', hours in the jungle and other tales of Osun poll|date=30 September 2018|first=Taiwo|author=Adebulu|work=The Cable|accessdate=13 April 2020}}</ref> KAFTAN TV na-arụ ọrụ na mmepụta mgbasa ozi na ụlọ ọrụ ọzụzụ ihe nkiri ma na-emepụta mmemme mbụ, gụnyere ihe ngosi, mmemme TV, na ihe nkiri. Ọ malitere inye mmemme ọzụzụ mgbasa ozi telivishọn n'efu, nke Queen Lilian Adebayo Foundation kwadoro, maka ndị na-eto eto na Ondo State na Jenụwarị 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nigeriancablenewsonline.com/metro/kaftan-tv-begins-free-broadcasting-skill-development-training-for-ondo-youths/|title=Kaftan TV begins Free Broadcasting Skill Development Training for Ondo Youths|date=25 January 2021|first=Olusola|author=Akinbinu|work=Nigerian Cable News|accessdate=5 February 2021|archivedate=26 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126031021/https://www.nigeriancablenewsonline.com/metro/kaftan-tv-begins-free-broadcasting-skill-development-training-for-ondo-youths/}}</ref> KAFTAN TV malitere igosiputa na Thursday, 28 Jenụwarị 2021, na UK BEN TV Sky Channel 195.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nigeriancablenewsonline.com/metro/kaftan-tv-now-on-ben-tv-sky-channel-195/|title=KAFTAN TV now on, BEN TV, Sky Channel 195|date=28 January 2021|accessdate=16 September 2022|archivedate=10 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410143306/https://www.nigeriancablenewsonline.com/metro/kaftan-tv-now-on-ben-tv-sky-channel-195/}}</ref> == Nkwanyere ugwu == N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2018, a kpọrọ KAFTAN TV Best Exhibitor for Public Relations and Media na Abuja International Trade Fair.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://elombah.com/closing-ceremony-of-the-2018-abuja-intl-trade-fair-award-winners-list/|title=Closing Ceremony of the 2018 Abuja Int'l Trade Fair, Award Winners List|date=15 October 2018|first=Gena Reuben|author=Lubem|work=Elombah News|language=en-US|accessdate=13 April 2020}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2021, KAFTAN TV natara ihe nrite Distinguished Excellence Award site na Coalition of Civil Societies and Media Executives for Good Governance in Nigeria (COCMEGG) maka "ọrụ mgbasa ozi, nkwado na mkpọsa mmeghachi omume na ọrịa COVID-19."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theprecisionng.com/2021/01/kaftan-tv-receives-excellence-merit-award.html|title=KAFTAN TV Receives Excellence Merit Award|date=28 January 2021|work=The Precision|accessdate=5 February 2021}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ụlọ ọrụ telivishọn na Naịjirịa * Ndepụta nke netwọk telivishọn site na mba == Edensibia == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website [[Òtù:Ụlọ ọrụ Televishọn dị na Lagos]] axqinvzik1qscrqwfkhl9q0pyobmblo 0 20152 638113 213385 2026-05-16T18:57:09Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638113 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:International Diabetes Federation logo.jpg|thumb|Logo International Diabetes Federation]] International Diabetes Federation (IDF) bụ nche anwụ nzukọ nke ihe karịrị 230 mba otu ọrịa shuga na mba na ókèala 160.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2020-10-22|title=International Diabetes Federation Fights Rise of Diabetes|url=https://www.borgenmagazine.com/international-diabetes-federation/|accessdate=2021-04-06|work=BORGEN|language=en-US}}</ref> Federation na-eduzi obodo ọrịa shuga zuru ụwa ọnụ kemgbe 1950.<ref name=":0" />Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na Brussels, Belgium.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2011-11-08|title=International Diabetes Federation – The Global Voice for Diabetes|url=https://www.touchendocrinology.com/diabetes/journal-articles/international-diabetes-federation-the-global-voice-for-diabetes-2/|language=en}}</ref> Ọ na-anọchite anya ọdịmma nke ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke ndị nwere ọrịa shuga na ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ. Ebumnuche IDF bụ ịkwalite nlekọta ọrịa shuga, mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ zuru ụwa ọnụ. Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ IDF ọhụrụ si dị,<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://diabetesatlas.org/en/|title=IDF diabetes atlas - 9th edition 2019|author=|first=|date=|work=diabetesatlas.org|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418152059/https://diabetesatlas.org/en/|archivedate=18 April 2020|accessdate=16 November 2019}}</ref> == Nhazi == E kewara IDF na mpaghara asaa, na ebumnuche nke ime ka ọrụ nke òtù ọrịa shuga nke mba sie ike ma melite mmekorita n'etiti ha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.idf.org/regions|title=Regions and members|work=Idf.org|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref> A na-ekewa òtù ọrịa shuga nke mba IDF na mpaghara ndị a: Africa (AFR), Europe (EUR), Middle East na North Africa (MENA), North America na Caribbean (NAC), South na Central America (SACA), South East [[Asia]] (SEA) na Western Pacific (WP). Otu ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke IDF na-achịkọta ndị kacha mkpa sitere na obodo ọrịa shuga zuru ụwa ọnụ na mbọ imekọ ihe iji setịpụ ebumnobi na-achịkọta ihe omume maka irute ebumnobi ndị a. Ndị a metụtara gụnyere: ndị nwere ọrịa shuga na ezinụlọ ha; ndị ọkachamara na-etinye aka na ahụike ahụike ọrịa shuga na mpaghara ndị metụtara ya; Ndị otu na-anọchite anya ọrịa shuga, yana ndị mmekọ sitere na ụlọ ọrụ azụmaahịa nwere nchegbu ndị kwekọrọ na ebumnuche nke Federation. Ejikọtara IDF na Ngalaba Ozi Ọha nke United Nations ma nọ na mmekọrịta gọọmentị na Òtù Ahụ Ike Ụwa. == Ọrụ na ihe omume == IDF na-eduzi ọtụtụ ihe omume na ọrụ. Ndị a na-agụnye nkwado na ọrụ ịgbachi nkịtị, agụmakwụkwọ maka ndị nwere ọrịa shuga na ndị na-ahụ maka ahụike ha, mgbasa ozi ọha na eze na nkwalite ahụike, yana ịkwalite mgbanwe mgbanwe nke ihe ọmụma ọrịa shuga n'efu. Ọmụmaatụ ole na ole gụnyere: * [https://www.worlddiabetesday.org Ụbọchị Ọrịa Ọrịa Ọkụ Ụwa], mkpọsa mmata nke ụwa ọrịa shuga, nke a na-eme kwa afọ na 14 Nọvemba. N'ihi ntinye nke United Nations Resolution 61/225 na Disemba 2006, World Diabetes Day bụ ụbọchị United Nations. A na-anọchite anya mkpọsa ahụ site na okirikiri na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, ihe nnọchianya zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ọrịa shuga.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.idf.org/bluecircle|title=Blue circle &#124; International Diabetes Federation|accessdate=2014-02-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032906/http://www.idf.org/bluecircle|archivedate=2015-09-24}}</ref> * IDF World Congress, nke a na-ahazi afọ abụọ ọ bụla, nke na-enye [https://www.idf.org/congress nzukọ] pụrụ iche na nke mba ụwa iji kwurịta ọtụtụ isiokwu metụtara ọrịa shuga. A ga-eme nzukọ IDF ọzọ na Bangkok, Thailand na 6 na 9 Disemba 2021. * The Diabetes Atlas, ihe pụrụ iche gbasara [https://www.diabetesatlas.org ọrịa shuga] maka ọtụtụ ndị na-ege ntị gụnyere ndị na-eme mkpebi, ndị ọrụ ahụike ọha na eze, ndị ọrụ nlekọta ahụike na ndị nkụzi. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20191118012916/https://www.idfdiabeteschool.org/ Ụlọ akwụkwọ ọrịa] shuga nke IDF, usoro agụmakwụkwọ n'ịntanetị nke e mere iji melite ihe ọmụma na nkà nke ndị ọkachamara ahụike na-arụ ọrụ na ọrịa shuga. == Ntụaka == <references responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.idf.org International Diabetes Federation] kt4208wc9uukh5hqdcz22bkk43j2juq 0 23224 638166 175753 2026-05-17T06:46:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Judith Tshabalala''' (amụrụ na 30 Machị 1982) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa si Gauteng na-eje ozi dị ka onye otu National Assembly of South Africa kemgbe 2019, na n'oge gara aga site na 2011 ruo 2014. Tshabalala bụ onye otu African National Congress . == Ọrụ omeiwu == Tshabalala bụ onye otu African National Congress . Ọ banyere na National Assembly nke South Africa na 19 Ọktoba 2011 dị ka onye nọchiri Noluthando Mayende-Sibiya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LIST OF MEMBERS 4th Parliament As of 17 January 2012|url=https://static.pmg.org.za/docs/2012/2012JanNAList.htm|work=Parliamentary Monitoring Group|accessdate=24 October 2020}}</ref> N'oge mbụ ya, e kenyere ya na Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Ego na Kọmiti Portfolio na Arts na Ọdịbendị. N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2013, ọ ghọrọ onye otu kọmitii ad hoc na nhọpụta nke Auditor General. A họpụtabeghị ya maka oge zuru ezu na ntuli aka nke afọ 2014, ebe ọ bụ na ọ nọ n'okpuru na ndepụta mpaghara na mba nke ANC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ms Judith Tshabalala|url=https://www.pa.org.za/person/judith-tshabalala/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=23 October 2020}}</ref> Na Mee 2019, a họpụtara Tshabalala ka ọ laghachi na National Assembly.<ref>{{Cite news|title=SEE: These are the people who will represent you in Parliament, provincial legislatures|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/Elections/News/see-these-are-the-people-who-will-represent-you-in-parliament-provincial-legislatures-20190515|accessdate=23 October 2020|work=News24|date=15 May 2019}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Juun afọ 2019, ọ bụ onye otu Portfolio Committee on Public Enterprises.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Portfolio Committee on Public Enterprises|url=https://www.parliament.gov.za/committee-details/156|work=Parliament of South Africa|accessdate=23 October 2020|archivedate=26 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026042434/https://www.parliament.gov.za/committee-details/156}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2020, a tọọrọ Tshabalala n'ụlọ ya dị na Sebokeng. E jidere ya ma tụba ya n'enweghị mmerụ ahụ na Eden Park, Alberton.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Head|first=Tom|title=ANC MP hijacked, taken hostage during terrifying ordeal in Gauteng|url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/who-is-judith-tshabalala-anc-mp-hijacked/|accessdate=23 October 2020|work=The South African|date=23 February 2020}}</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220805095555/https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/365 Ms Judith Tshabalala] na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke South Africa {{Current MPs of South Africa}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] h4jg3ygqmahwz3lz0x18xm51yq3qw1m 0 23439 638136 102752 2026-05-16T21:45:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jabulile Cynthia Nightingale Mkhwanazi''' (amụrụ na 27 Febụwarị na afọ 1975) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South African National Congress na-eje ozi dị ka onye otu National Assembly of South Africa site na KwaZulu-Natal kemgbe afọ 2019. == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Mkhwanazi jere ozi dị ka onye nnọchi anya African National Congress (PR) na Newcastle Local Municipality.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Local Government: Municipal Structures Act: Re-composition of municipal councils|url=https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/201409/26814gen2120f.pdf|work=[[Government of South Africa]]|accessdate=21 July 2021}}</ref> === Ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị === Maka ntuli aka n'ozuzu na Mee 8, na afọ 2019, Mkhwanazi bụ onye nke iri na abụọ na ndepụta nke ANC nke ndị na-azọ ọkwa National Assembly si KwaZulu-Natal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ANC national and provincial lists for 2019 elections|url=https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/anc-national-and-provincial-lists-for-2019-electio|work=Politicsweb|accessdate=21 July 2021|date=17 March 2019}}</ref> ANC meriri oche mpaghara 24 na KwaZulu-Natal ma họpụta Mkhwanazi na National Assembly.<ref>{{Cite news|title=SEE: These are the people who will represent you in Parliament, provincial legislatures|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/Elections/News/see-these-are-the-people-who-will-represent-you-in-parliament-provincial-legislatures-20190515|accessdate=21 July 2021|work=News24|date=15 May 2019}}</ref> A ṅụrụ ya iyi n'ọkwa na Mee 22, n'oge nnọkọ mbụ nke National Assembly na-esote ntuli aka ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Bhengu|first=Cebelihle|title=Here's what's next post elections: Swearing-in of MPs and presidential inauguration|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2019-05-14-heres-whats-next-post-elections-swearing-in-of-mps-ncops-and-presidential-inauguration/|accessdate=21 July 2021|work=TimesLIVE|date=14 May 2019}}</ref> Mkhwanazi ghọrọ onye otu Portfolio Committee on Public Enterprises na 27 Juun, na afọ 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Announcements, tablings and committee reports|url=https://www.parliament.gov.za/storage/app/media/Docs/atc/b15cfe21-ab17-4cf6-a638-3d164e752c63.pdf|work=[[Parliament of South Africa]]|accessdate=21 July 2021|date=27 June 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, o nwere ọnụọgụ 88% nke ndị bịara kọmitii dị ka onye omeiwu (14 nzukọ n'ime 16) na afọ 2020, o nwere ọnọdụ 92% nke ndị bịara na kọmitii (24 nzukọ n'etiti 26).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jabulile Cynthia Nightingale Mkhwanazi|url=https://www.pa.org.za/person/jabulile-cynthia-nightingale-mkhwanazi/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=21 July 2021}}</ref> == Ebenside == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20221004011143/https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/225 Profaịlụ] na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke South Africa {{Current MPs of South Africa}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ọmụmụ afọ 1975]] [[Òtù:Ndị Zulu]] 9fencq08iv77o2v0rvvkp0nqmziykwy 0 25551 638091 538816 2026-05-16T14:01:05Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638091 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Flooding_in_Ghana_13.jpg|thumb|Mmiri rikpuru akụkụ ụfọdụ nke Accra n'oge mmiri ozuzo]] Iju mmiri nke 2009 na West Africa bụ ọdachi na-emere onwe ya natural disaster nke malitere n'ọnwa Juun 2009 n'ihi oke oke mmiri ozuzo n'oké osimiri n'ọtụtụ ébé West Africa. <ref name="OCHA_1">{{Cite web|author=[[OCHA]]|title=West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)|work=|publisher=|date=28 September 2009|url=http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument|format=|doi=|accessdate=14 October 2009|archivedate=12 November 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112052019/http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument}}</ref><ref name="reliefweb_1" /> Ọtụtụ osimiri, gụnyere ndị Pendjari, [[Oshimiri Orimiri|Niger]], Volta nà Senegal , mebiri ihe éjị wéré gbochie ha, na-akpata mbibi nke ụlọ, àkwà mmiri, okporo ụzọ na ihe ọkụkụ.<ref name="reliefweb_1" /> A kọrọ na idei mmiri a ruru mmadu narị itoolu na iri anọ <ref name="OCHA_1" /> gafee mba iri na abụọ gụnyere [[Burkina Faso]], [[Benin]], [[Ghana]],<ref name="IRIN_2">{{Cite web|author=[[The New Humanitarian|IRIN]]|title=BURKINA FASO-GHANA: One country’s dam, another’s flood|date=4 September 2009|url=http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=86015|accessdate=5 September 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090929195351/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=86015|archivedate=29 September 2009}}</ref> [[Niger]],<ref name="IRIN_3" /> [[Senegal]],<ref name="GDACS_1">{{Cite web|author=[[Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System]]|title=Green Flood Alert in Senegal|publisher=GDACS|date=24 August 2009|url=http://www.gdacs.org/reports.asp?eventType=FL&ID=2009_100&country=Senegal&location=SEN&system=asgard&alertlevel=Green&glide_no=FL-2009-000164-SEN|accessdate=6 September 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719020520/http://www.gdacs.org/reports.asp?eventType=FL&ID=2009_100&country=Senegal&location=SEN&system=asgard&alertlevel=Green&glide_no=FL-2009-000164-SEN|archivedate=19 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=[[The New Humanitarian|IRIN]]|title=WEST AFRICA: Seasonal rains, seasonal misery|date=31 August 2009|url=http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=85942|accessdate=5 September 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090929192930/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=85942|archivedate=29 September 2009}}</ref> [[Guinea]], ma kpatara ọnwụ nke opekata mpe mmadụ otu narị na iri itoolu na atọ.<ref name="reliefweb_2" /><ref name="BBC_1">{{Cite web|author=[[BBC News]]|title=UN warns on West Africa floods|date=5 September 2009|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8239552.stm|accessdate=5 September 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090905100515/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8239552.stm|archivedate=5 September 2009}}</ref> Na Burkina Faso, otu n'ime mba ndị o metụtara, otu narị puku mmadụ na puku iri ise gbapụrụ n'ụlọ ha, ọkachasị na Isi Obodo yá bụ Ouagadougou ébé mmiri ozuzo n'otu ụbọchị ruru pasenti iri abụọ na ise nke mmiri ozuzo nkịtị màkà obodo niile.<ref name="reliefweb_2">{{Cite web|author=|title=Floods across Western Sahel (as of 08 Sep 2009)|work=|publisher=[[ReliefWeb]]|date=8 September 2009|url=http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900SID/LPAA-7VQAVF?OpenDocument|accessdate=9 September 2009|archivedate=10 September 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090910093713/http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/LPAA-7VQAVF?OpenDocument}}</ref><ref name="BBC_1" /><ref>{{Cite web|author=Schlein, Lisa|title=West Africa Hit by Devastating Floods|publisher=[[Voice of America]]|date=5 September 2009|url=http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-09-05-voa15.cfm|accessdate=5 September 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090906140602/http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-09-05-voa15.cfm|archivedate=6 September 2009}}</ref> == Mmiri ozuzo n'oge == Mba ndị dị na West Africa na ndịda Sahel na-enweta ọtụtụ mmiri ozuzo ha kwà afọ n'oge ọnwa okpomọkụ site n'ọnwa Juun ruo Septemba.<ref name="AMMA_1">{{Cite web|author=[[African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses]] (AMMA)|title=Characteristics of the West African Monsoon|url=http://www.amma-international.org/article.php3?id_article=10|publisher=AMMA|accessdate=15 October 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070712202355/http://www.amma-international.org/article.php3?id_article=10|archivedate=12 July 2007}}</ref> Ógè mmiri ozuzo a, nké a makwaara dị ka West African monsoon, na-ejikọta ya na mgbanwe ógè nkè ifufe na-efe n'okpuru ikuku, ébé ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ na-esi n'Oké Osimiri Atlantic na-ebugharị ma wepụta ya na kọntinent ahụ.<ref name="AMMA_1" /> Mmiri ozuzo siri ike nkè e nwèrè na West Africa n'oge ógè mmiri ozuzo nke afọ 2009 na-ejikọta ya na okpomọkụ ógè nke [[Òrìmìlì Pacific|Oké Osimiri Pacific]], ihe a maara dị ka El Niño, nke na-emetụta ihu igwe n'ụwa niile.<ref name="ACMAD_1">{{Cite journal|author=[[African Center of Meteorological Applications for Development]] (ACMAD)|title=Outlook|journal=Climate Watch Africa Bulletin|issue=08|date=August 2009|url=http://www.acmad.ne/en/climat/bull_aug09_en.pdf|accessdate=15 October 2009}}</ref> == Mmebi na ndị merụrụ ahụ == === Benin === Mmadụ narị puku abụọ na iri abụọ emetụla ya, ọtụtụ n'ime ha nọ n'ụsọ oké osimiri, a kọkwara na mmadụ asaa anwụọla.<ref name="OCHA_1" /><ref name="reliefweb_1" /> === Burkina Faso === Mmadụ otu narị puku na iri ise gbàrà ọsọ ndụ na mmadụ asatọ nwụrụ mgbè nnukwu mmiri ozuzo a hụrụ na isi obodo Ouagadougou n'ime afọ iri itoolu. A na-eme atụmatụ na mmadụ otu narị na iri gbapụrụ mgbè mmiri Loumbila nke dị n'etiti Ouagadougou mebiri.<ref name="OCHA_1" /><ref name="reliefweb_1" /> N'ébé ndịda nkè mba ahụ, Bagre Dam ga-emeghe ọnụ ụzọ ámá ya dị ka mmiri ruru ọkwa nchekwa kachasị elu n'ubochi anọ n'ọnwa Septemba. Mmụba nke mmiri na-asọba na-eyi nnukwu ébé egwu n'akụkụ osimiri Volta na ndịda Burkina Faso na ugwu Ghana.<ref name="IRIN_2" /> === Gambia === Nà [[The Gambia|Gambia]], idei mmiri metụtara mmadụ puku iri na ise na narị isii na iri na asaa .<ref name="OCHA_1" /> === Ghana === Otu narị na iri atọ na itoolu na narị asaa na iri itoolu emetụtala, ma ọ dịkarịa ala mmadụ iri abụo na anọ nwụrụ. Otu narị na iri atọ na itoolu na narị asaa na itoolu emetụtala idei mmiri.<ref name="OCHA_1" /><ref name="reliefweb_1" /> === Guinea === Mmadụ puku iri anọ emetụtala n'isi obodo Conakry na obodo Kindia na Siguiri.<ref name="OCHA_1" /><ref name="reliefweb_1" /> === Ivory Coast === Mmiri ozuzo, na-akpata apịtị na idei mmiri, gbùrù ọ dịkarịa ala mmadụ irí na itoolu n'isi obodo Abidjan ma metụta ihe dị ka mmadụ 2,000.<ref name="OCHA_1" /><ref name="reliefweb_1" /> === Liberia === Na [[Liberia]], idei mmiri metụtara mmadụ narị ise na iri asatọ na anọ, na-ahapụ ọnwụ abuo.<ref name="OCHA_1" /> === Mali === Na [[Mali]], idei mmiri ahụ metụtara mmadụ puku iri na asatọ na itoolu na abụọ.<ref name="OCHA_1" />{ === Mauritania === Mmadụ puku atọ enweghị ébé obibi n'ihi idei mmiri n'obodo Rosso, nke dị n'akụkụ osimiri Senegal.<ref name="reliefweb_1" /> A na-eme atụmatụ na ngụkọta nke mmadụ puku itoolu metụtara na mba ahụ.<ref name="OCHA_1" /> === Niger === Idei mmiri na-adịghị mma, na-esote ụbọchị anọ nkè nnukwu mmiri ozuzo na ugwu ugwu Aïr nkè Niger metụtara ụlọ puku atọ na narị ise na Agadez na mpaghara ndị gbárá ya gbụrụ-gbúrụ, na-akpata ọnwụ abụọ, na ọnwụ nke anụ ụlọ na ihe ọkụkụ.<ref name="reliefweb_1" /><ref name="IRIN_3">{{Cite web|author=[[The New Humanitarian|IRIN]]|title=NIGER: Desert flooding wipes out electricity, homes, livestock|date=3 September 2009|url=http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=85996|accessdate=5 September 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090929195557/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=85996|archivedate=29 September 2009}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[[Onye Ọhụrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ọdịmma Mmadụ|IRIN]] (3 September 2009). [http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=85996 "NIGER: Desert flooding wipes out electricity, homes, livestock"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090929195557/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=85996 Archived] from the original on 29 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite></ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ ngụkọta nke ndị nwéré nsogbụ arịgoola 79,129 na ọnwụ atọ.<ref name="OCHA_1" /> === Senegal === Idei mmiri emetụtala ezinụlọ puku iri atọ n'isi obodo Dakar na akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke mba ahụ, na atụmatụ narị puku abụọ na iri isii na anọ metụtara na ọnwụ isií.<ref name="OCHA_1" /><ref name="reliefweb_1">{{Cite web|author=Fominyen, George|title=West Africa's seasonal floods in 2009|publisher=[[ReliefWeb]]|date=4 September 2009|url=http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900SID/SNAA-7VLBLG?OpenDocument|accessdate=6 September 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090905160740/http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900SID/SNAA-7VLBLG?OpenDocument|archivedate=5 September 2009}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFFominyen,_George2009">Fominyen, George (4 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900SID/SNAA-7VLBLG?OpenDocument "West Africa's seasonal floods in 2009"]. [[ReliefWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090905160740/http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900SID/SNAA-7VLBLG?OpenDocument Archived] from the original on 5 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite></ref> === Sierra Leone === Idei mmiri nke izu abụọ nke nnukwu mmiri ozuzo kpatara n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, hapụrụ ọnwụ irí na ise nakwa narị anọ na iri abụọ na ise ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na Freetown. A na-asa ihe ọkụkụ n'ime obodo isii dị na Kambia District.<ref name="reliefweb_1" /> A na-akọ na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị merụrụ ahụ na mba ahụ bụ otu puku na narị anọ na iri ise na ọnwụ otu narị na atọ.<ref name="OCHA_1" /> == Hụkwa == * [[2007 Iju Mmiri nke Afrịka]] * Ụnwụ nri na Sahel na 2010 * Idei mmiri nke Naijiria n'afọ 2010 == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} qphsafple0nxwqh65atysijxaiv0qbl 0 26696 638160 159135 2026-05-17T05:41:49Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Joseph Mathunjwa|image=|caption=|birth_date=26 May 1965|birth_place=Amathikulu, [[KwaZulu-Natal]]|death_date=|death_place=|other_names=|known_for=[[Marikana massacre|Marikana miners' strike]]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.news24.com/Tags/People/joseph_mathunjwa | title=News24 | accessdate=2023-05-27 | archivedate=2019-09-04 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904092402/https://www.news24.com/Tags/People/joseph_mathunjwa }}</ref>|occupation=[[Trade union]] leader}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} '''Joseph mathunjwa (amụrụ 26 Mee 1965) bụ onye isi otu ndị ọrụ ogbunigwe na ndị ọrụ owuwu (AMCU). A mụrụ Mathunjwa na amathikulu north kwazulu-natl, South Africa na ọrụ mbụ ya Abụ m onye nlekọta ụlọ nyocha m 1986 na rand coal ebe ọ na-enweta n'etiti R3000 na R4000 kwa ọnwa. Mmasị ya na otu ndị ọrụ bịara mgbe ọ hụrụ ka a na-achụpụ ndị mmadụ n'enweghị ụlọ ọrụ na-eme ihe Mgbalị iji chekwaa ọrụ ha, nkwụghachi ụgwọ mbụ ọ lụrụ site n'ụlọ ikpe ndị ọrụ bụ na BHP Billiton na 2005 wee merie ikpe dị n'etiti ya na AMUC mmalite mmalite.''' Njikọ nke ndị ọrụ ogbunigwe nandị otu ụlọ ọrụ ọunụa o oa (AMCU).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://whoswho.co.za/joseph-mathunjwa-762777|title=Joseph Mathunjwa {{!}} Who's Who SA|work=whoswho.co.za|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130819172959/http://whoswho.co.za/joseph-mathunjwa-762777|archivedate=2013-08-19}}</ref> A mụrụ Mathunjwa na Amathikulu, n'ebe ugwu KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa na ọrụ mbụ ya bụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ nyocha na 1986 na Rand Coal ebe ọ na'etiti R300 na R400 kwa ọnwa. Mmasị ya n'òtù ndị ọrụ bịara mgbe ọ hụrụ ka a na-achụpụ ndị mmadụ n"enweghị ụlọ ọrụ na ha na'eme mgbalị iji chekwaa ọrụ ha, Mgbaghara mbụ ọ lụrụ site na Ụlọikpe Ọrụ bụ na BHP Billiton na 2005 ma merie ikpe nke bụ ya na AMCU malitere<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.miningweekly.com/article/joseph-mathunjwa-2012-08-03|title=Joseph Mathunjwa|accessdate=2023-05-27|archivedate=2017-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818002216/http://www.miningweekly.com/article/joseph-mathunjwa-2012-08-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypress.co.za/news/qa-amcus-joseph-mathunjwa/|title=Q&A: Amcu's Joseph Mathunjwa - City Press|accessdate=2014-05-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426044701/http://www.citypress.co.za/news/qa-amcus-joseph-mathunjwa/|archivedate=2014-04-26}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2022, n'oge ọ na-ekwu okwu, Mathunjwa kwuru na South Africa na'ọrụ n"oge ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n-achị ndị ọcha, karịa ka ọ dị ugbu a.<ref>https://www.news24.com/citypress/news/mathunjwa-says-post-apartheid-sa-lacks-functionality-at-marikana-commemoration-20220816</ref><ref>https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times/opinion-and-analysis/opinion/2023-02-12-yes-were-in-a-mess--but-why-the-pointless-apartheid-comparison/</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Mathunjwa bụ Onye Kraịst ma na-aga na Salvation Army ya mere ọ nwere ike ịkpọ opi ma nwee ike ịgụ egwu. Ọ bụ ezigbo onye na-agụ egwú<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.miningweekly.com/article/joseph-mathunjwa-2012-08-03|title=Joseph Mathunjwa|accessdate=2023-05-27|archivedate=2017-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818002216/http://www.miningweekly.com/article/joseph-mathunjwa-2012-08-03}}</ref> == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references>     [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 4pfky1m6nvlbx4tvqpx9ddss1iyjjsc 0 26970 638172 113669 2026-05-17T08:08:59Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638172 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox hrecipe adr" |+ class="infobox-title fn" id="4" |<span>Kalb el louz</span> | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Kalb-el-louz.jpg|400x400px]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Type | class="infobox-data" |[[Dessert]] |- class="note" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Place of origin | class="infobox-data country-name" |[[Algeria]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230609101959/https://www.djazairess.com/fr/elwatan/381592 Bonne table] : kalb el louz, une pâtisserie qui fond dans la bouche</ref> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> *   [[c:Category:Kalb el louz|Mgbasa ozi]]: [[c:Category:Kalb el louz|Kalb]] el louz[[File:Commons-logo.svg|alt=|class=noviewer|16x16px]] </div> |} '''Kalb''' el louz maọbụ '''Qalb ellouz''' ([[Arabic]]) bụ nri ọdịnala nke Obodo Algeria.<ref>rachel finn. “Gâteaux Algériens: A Love Affair.” Gastronomica, vol. 7, no. 2, 2007, pp. 78–82, [[University of California Press]]. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2007.7.2.78. Accessed 31 Jul. 2022.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=1970|title=La cuisine algérienne by Bouayed, Fatima-Zohra|url=https://www.abebooks.com/cuisine-alg%C3%A9rienne-Bouayed-Fatima-Zohra-Temps-Actuels/31073983930/bd|accessdate=|work=www.abebooks.com|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Tasteatlas">[https://www.tasteatlas.com/kalb-el-louz Taste Atlas]</ref> Kelb el louz, nke pụtara "obi almond" a makwaara dịka ''chamia'' maọbụ ''h'rissa'' dabere na mpaghara, ọ bụ nri ọdịnaala Algeria. A na-eji [[semolina]], almond, oroma na mmanụ aṅụ emekwazi ya.<ref name="Tasteatlas"/> == Hụkwazi == • Nri ndị Algeria == Edensibia == m94xl9xlj0f8b3g6417h4xhgi7xdnsa 0 28424 638108 116850 2026-05-16T18:30:16Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638108 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Category:Chemical pages without DrugBank identifier|*]] [[Category:Drugs with no legal status]] [[Category:Drugboxes which contain changes to verified fields]] [[Category:Drugboxes which contain changes to watched fields]] Indiplon (INN na USAN) bụ nonbenzodiazepine, ọgwụ na-eme ka mmadụ kwụsị ịrapara n'ụzọ abụọ - usoro ntọhapụ ozugbo na ihe niile na ndị ọzọ ụra mbụ Nile dị ka maka mmalite ụra, na ntọhapụ gbanwere (nke a na-akpọkwa ntọhapụ a na-achịkwa ma ọ bụ ntọhapụ gbatịrị) maka mmezi ụra. == Ụzọ e si eme ihe == Indiplon na-arụ ọrụ site n'ịkwalite ọrụ nke inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, dị ka ọtụtụ ihe ndi mádu ziri ihe nọr ka ọzọ na-abụghị benzodiazepine sedatives. Ọ na-ejikọta na α1 subunits nke GABAA receptors na ụbụrụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Indiplon is a high-affinity positive allosteric modulator with selectivity for alpha1 subunit-containing GABAA receptors|journal=The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics|volume=317|issue=1|pages=369–77|date=April 2006|pmid=16399882|doi=10.1124/jpet.105.096701|url=http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/317/1/369|format=PDF}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == A chọpụtara Indiplon na Lederle Laboratories (nke Wyeth mechara nweta) n'afọ ndị 1980 ma kpọọ ya CL 285,489.: 454 Na 1998 Lederle nyere ya ikikere, ya na ndị ọzọ na-achọ ọgwụ, na DOV Pharmaceutical, mmalite nke ndị ọrụ Lederle mbụ guzobere, na Dov nyere ikikere na ọgwụ ahụ nwere ike ịbelata ọnụ nke ndị na ahụ na Neurocrine Biosciences n'otu afọ ahụ.<ref name="Neubauer">{{Cite book|chapter=Indiplon|pages=453–464|title=GABA and Sleep: Molecular, Functional and Clinical Aspects.|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|date=2010|isbn=9783034602266}}</ref><ref name="Neubauer" /> N'afọ 2002, Neurocrine sonyeere Pfizer iji mepụta ọgwụ ahụ.<ref name="Neubauer" /> E mere ndokwa maka ntọhapụ Indiplon na 2007, mgbe Sanofi-Aventis' popular hypnotic zolpidem tụfuru ikike ikike ya na United States ma si otú a bụrụ nke dị ọnụ ala. N'afọ 2002, Neurocrine Biosciences abanyela na nkwekọrịta ya na Pfizer iji soro ahịa indiplon na US, na nkwekọ ruru $ 400m.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2010/06/18/san-diegos-neurocrine-biosciences-scores-second-bi.aspx|title=San Diego's Neurocrine Biosciences Scores Second Big Deal in Two Days|work=[[The Motley Fool]]|date=18 June 2010}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, mgbe FDA wepụtara akwụkwọ ozi a na-apụghị ikwenye economy maka usoro ntọhapụ 15 mg gbanwere na akwụkwọ ozi a kwadoro na nkwupụta maka mbipụta 5 mg na 10 mg ozugbo site na FDA na Mee 2006, Pfizer kwụsịrị mmekọrịta ya na Neurocrine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thestreet.com/story/10285854/2/neurocrines-fda-nightmare.html|title=Neurocrine's FDA Nightmare|work=TheStreet.com|date=16 May 2006}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thestreet.com/story/10293335/pfizer-drops-neurocrine-deal.html|title=Pfizer Drops Neurocrine Deal|work=TheStreet.com|date=22 June 2006}}</ref> Ọnụahịa ngwaahịa Neurocrine dara 60% na akụkọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2006/05/16/news/companies/indiplon/index.htm|title=Neurocrine stock price plunges 60 percent:FDA's mixed review of sleeping pill Indiplon could threaten Pfizer-Neurocrine partnership|work=CNN Money|date=15 May 2006|accessdate=26 July 2023|archivedate=26 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230726132537/https://money.cnn.com/2006/05/16/news/companies/indiplon/index.htm}}</ref> N'ịgbaso nzaghachi, FDA na Disemba 2007 weere ngwa ọgwụ ọhụrụ nke Neurocrine (NDA) 'kwesịrị ekwesị' na usoro ụlọ Akwụkwọ Anyị mụtara n'aka Onye Okike nke eluigwe 5 na 10 mg, mana rịọrọ ọmụmụ ọhụrụ dị ka ihe dị mkpa maka nkwenye, gụnyere nnwale ahụike na ndị agadi, nyocha nchekwa na-eji mmetụta ọjọọ tụnyere nke ọgwụ ndị a na-ere ahịa, na nyocha tupu ahụike na-enyocha nchekwa indiplon na nke atọ nke ime ime.<ref name="pressrelease1">{{Cite web|title=Additional Pipeline Projects|url=http://www.neurocrine.com/index.cfm?navId=25|publisher=Neurocrine|date=2012-02-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327204702/http://www.neurocrine.com/index.cfm?navId=25|archivedate=2012-03-27|accessdate=2014-06-24}}</ref> N'ịgbaso akwụkwọ ozi FDA nke afọ 2007, Neurocrine kpebiri ịkwụsị mmepe niile nke Indiplon na United States.<ref name="pressrelease1"/> == Ntụaka == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> qxyk2ttv7317clql2ca4umjqmf5ne7t 0 29790 638101 516453 2026-05-16T14:49:15Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638101 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" |Sustainable Development Goals |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" | |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Mission statement]] | class="infobox-data" |"A shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, now and into the future"<ref name="the17SDGs"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="881">[https://sdgs.un.org/goals "The 17 Goals"]. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="882">''Sustainable Development Goals''. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="883">UN<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="884"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2022</span>.</span></cite></ref> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Type of project | class="infobox-data" |[[Nonprofit organization|Non-Profit]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Location | class="infobox-data" |Global |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Founder | class="infobox-data" |[[United Nations]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Established | class="infobox-data" |2015 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Website | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[https://sdgs.un.org/ sdgs.un.org]</span> |} {{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 1|paragraphs=2|file=0}} [[Usòrò:SDG logo UN.png|thumb|SDG logo]] Ebumnuche ahụ nwere ebumnuche asaa na ihe ngosi 13 iji tụọ ọganihu. Ebumnuche ise a ga-esi na ya pụta bụ: ikpochapụ oke ịda ogbenye; Mbelata ịda ogbenye niile site na ọkara; mmejuputa usoro nchedo ọha; n'ịhụ na nha nhata ikike inwe, ọrụ ndị bụ isi, teknụzụ na akụ akụ na ụba; na iwulite nkwụsi ike na ọdachi gburugburu ebe obibi, akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta ọha na eze. Ebumnuche abụọ ahụ metụtara ụzọ mmejuputa SDG 1 bụ ịchịkọta akụrụngwa iji kwụsị ịda ogbenye; na nguzobe usoro iwu mkpochapụ ịda ogbenye na ọkwa niile. Ebumnuche Sustainable Development Goals ma ọ bụ ebumnuche zuru ụwa ọnụ bụ mkpokọta nke ebumnuche iri na asaa jikọtara ọnụ nke e mere iji jee ozi dị ka "atụmatụ ekekọrịtara maka udo na ọganihu maka ndị mmadụ na ụwa, ugbu a na n'ọdịnihu." SDG abụghị ịda ogbenye; efu agụụ; ezi ahụike na ịdị mma; agụmakwụkwọ dị mma; nhata nwoke na nwanyị; mmiri dị ọcha na ịdị ọcha; ike dị ọnụ ala ma dị ọcha; ezigbo ọrụ na uto akụ na ụba; ụlọ ọrụ, ihe ọhụrụ na akụrụngwa; ebelata oke nha anya; obodo na obodo na-adigide; oriri na mmepụta ihe dị mkpa; omume ihu igwe; ndu n'okpuru mmiri; ndu n'ala; udo, ikpe ziri ezi na ụlọ ọrụ siri ike; na mmekorita maka ebumnuche. SDG na-ekwusi ike na njikọ gburugburu ebe obibi, mmekọrịta ọha na eze na akụ na ụba nke mmepe na-adigide site n'itinye nkwado na etiti ha. Emebere SDG na 2015 site n'aka otu United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) dịka akụkụ nke Post-2015 Development Agenda, bụ nke chọrọ imepụta usoro mmepe ụwa n'ọdịnihu iji nweta ebumnuche Millennium Development Goals, nke kwụsịrị n'afọ ahụ. A kọwapụtara ha n'ụzọ nkịtị wee nabata ha na mkpebi UNGA akpọrọ 2030 Agenda, nke a na-akpọ colloquially dị ka Agenda 2030. Na 6 Julaị 2017, e mere SDGs ka ọ rụọ ọrụ site na mkpebi UNGA nke na-achọpụta ebumnuche akọwapụtara maka ebumnuche ọ bụla ma na-enye ihe ngosi iji tụọ ọganihu. A ga-enweta ọtụtụ ebumnuche n'afọ 2030, n'agbanyeghị na ụfọdụ enweghị ụbọchị njedebe. International Monetary Fund (IMF) ewepụtakwala ụzọ iji nweta SDG site n'inye nkwado ha na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, IMF na-arụ ọrụ iji belata ịda ogbenye na mba ndị na-emepe emepe na-enweghị ego site n'inye nkwado ego n'oge ọrịa COVID-19. Enwere nsogbu na-agafe agafe na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ihe mgbaru ọsọ dị iche iche; dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka SDG 13 na omume ihu igwe, IPCC na-ahụ mmekọrịta siri ike na SDG 3 (ahụike), 7 (ike dị ọcha), 11 (obodo na obodo), 12 (nri na mmepụta ihe) na 14 (oké osimiri).: 70 N'aka nke ọzọ, ndị nkatọ na ndị na-ekiri ihe na-achọpụtakwa azụmaahịa dị n'etiti ebumnuche,: 67  dị ka n'etiti ịkwụsị agụụ na ịkwalite nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi. nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi, yana ihe isi ike na-enyocha ihe ngosi qualitative. Ndị otu UN (United Nations) High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development (HLPF) na-enyocha SDGs, ọgbakọ kwa afọ a na-eme n'okpuru nkwado nke United Nations Economic and Social Council. Agbanyeghị, HLPF na-abịa na nsogbu nke ya n'ihi enweghị onye ndu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọdịmma mba dị iche iche.: 206  Iji kwado nleba anya nke agamnihu na mmejuputa SDG, ewepụtara SDG Tracker n'ịntanetị na June 2018 iji gosipụta data niile dị n'ofe niile. egosi. Ọrịa COVID-19 nwere nnukwu mmetụta ọjọọ na SDG 17 niile na 2020. Ntụle sayensị nke mmetụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke SDG chọpụtara na 2022 na SDG nwere naanị mmetụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nwere oke mgbanwe ruo ugbu a. Ma ọ dịkarịa ala, ha emetụtala ụzọ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri si aghọta ma na-ekwurịta banyere mmepe na-adigide. SDG 2 nwere ebumnuche asatọ yana ihe ngosi 14 iji tụọ ọganihu. Ebumnuche ise a ga-esi na ya pụta bụ: ịkwụsị agụụ na imeziwanye ohere ịnweta nri; na-akwụsị ụdị nile nke erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ́; arụpụta ọrụ ugbo; usoro mmepụta nri na-adigide na omume ugbo na-agbanwe agbanwe; na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa dị iche iche nke mkpụrụ osisi, osisi ndị a na-akọ na anụ ndị a na-akọ na anụ ụlọ; itinye ego, nyocha na teknụzụ. Ụzọ atọ e ji eme ihe e ji eme ihe gụnyere: ikwado mmachi ahia na mgbagha n'ahịa ọrụ ugbo n'ụwa na ahịa ngwaahịa nri na usoro ha.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 2|paragraphs=2|file=0}} == Ịzụlite ya == [[Usòrò:United Nations General Assembly resolution A-RES-70-1.pdf|thumb|Ịgbanwe ụwa anyị: 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (UN Resolution A/RES/70/1), nke nwere ihe mgbaru ọsọ (October 2015)]] [[Usòrò:Sustainable_Development_Goals.svg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ihe osise na-edepụta 17 Sustainable Development Goals]] Na 25 Septemba 2015, mba 193 nke UN General Assembly nakweere 2030 Development Agenda akpọrọ "Ịgbanwe ụwa anyị: 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development." Usoro a nwere paragraf 92. Paragraf nke 59 na-akọwapụta ebumnuche 17 Sustainable Development Goals yana ebumnuche 169 metụtara yana ihe ngosi 232. Usoro nke UN na-edu gụnyere mba 193 ndị otu ya na ọha obodo zuru ụwa ọnụ. Mkpebi a bụ nkwekọrịta gọọmenti etiti sara mbara nke na-arụ ọrụ dị ka Post-2015 Development Agenda. SDG na-ewulite n'ụkpụrụ ekwekọrịtara na mkpebi A/RES/66/288, nke isiokwu ya bụ "Ọdịnihu Anyị Chọrọ." Nke a bụ akwụkwọ anaghị ejikọta ya n'ihi Mgbakọ Rio+20 emere na 2012. == Mmejuputa == [[Usòrò:Finanzierung_der_Ziele_für_Nachhaltige_Entwicklung.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Ntụnyere ọnụahịa maka Ihe mgbaru ọsọ UN]] Mmezu nke SDG malitere n'ụwa niile na 2016. Usoro a nwekwara ike ịkpọ Localizing SDGs. Na 2019 António Guterres (onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations) nyere oku zuru ụwa ọnụ maka afọ iri nke ime ihe iji wepụta ebumnuche mmepe Sustainable site na 2030. Afọ iri a ga-adị site na 2020 ruo 2030. Atụmatụ bụ na odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke UN ga-akpọkọta ikpo okwu kwa afọ maka ịkwọ ụgbọala afọ iri nke ime ihe. Enwere isi ihe abụọ nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri maka mmejuputa SDGs: steeti na ndị na-abụghị steeti. Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na steeti gụnyere gọọmentị mba na ndị isi obodo, ebe ndị na-abụghị steeti bụ ụlọ ọrụ na ọha obodo.: 80  Iso obodo na inye ikike dị mkpa mana enwerekwa mmasị dị iche iche na otu a.: 80 Iwulite mmekorita ọhụrụ bara uru. Agbanyeghị, SDG ejighị n'aka n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro yana ebum n'obi mee ya iji nye ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ohere dị ukwuu. Ya mere, ha nwere ike ịkọwa ihe mgbaru ọsọ dị iche iche na mgbe mgbe dị ka mmasị ha si dị. == Ihe dị n'ihe mgbaru ọsọ iri na asaa == === Ọdịdị nke ihe mgbaru ọsọ, ebumnuche na ihe ngosi === E bipụtara ndepụta nke ebumnuche na ihe ngosi maka nke ọ bụla n'ime 17 SDGs na mkpebi UN na July 2017. Ihe mgbaru ọsọ ọ bụla na-enwekarị ebumnuche 8-12, na ebumnuche ọ bụla nwere n'etiti ihe ngosi otu na anọ iji tụọ ọganihu n'iru iru ebumnuche, yana nkezi nke 1.5 egosi kwa iche. Ebumnuche ndị a bụ ebumnuche nsonaazụ (ọnọdụ a ga-enweta) ma ọ bụ ụzọ ebumnuche mmejuputa. E webatara ebumnobi ikpeazụ ndị a n'oge na usoro mkparita uka SDG iji gboo nchegbu nke ụfọdụ ndị otu mba gbasara otu a ga-esi nweta SDGs. Ebumnuche 17 bụ kpam kpam gbasara otu a ga-esi nweta SDGs. Usoro ọnụọgụ nke ebumnuche bụ nke a: Ebumnuche nsonaazụ na-eji ọnụọgụ, ebe ebumnuche mmejuputa na-eji mkpụrụedemede obere. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, SDG 6 nwere ngụkọta nke ebumnuche 8. Isii nke mbụ bụ ebumnuche nsonaazụ na akpọrọ Targets 6.1 ruo 6.6. Ebumnobi abụọ ikpeazụ bụ ụzọ nke ebumnuche mmejuputa atumatu ma akpọrọ ya dị ka ebumnuche 6.a na 6.b. Weebụsaịtị United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) na-enye ndepụta ihe ngosi gọọmentị dị ugbu a nke gụnyere mmelite niile ruo oge nnọkọ Statistical Commission nke 51st na Machị 2020. Ihe ngosi maka ebumnuche nwere ọkwa dị iche iche nke mmepe usoro na nnweta data na ọkwa ụwa. Na mbido, ụfọdụ ihe ngosi (nke a na-akpọ Tier 3 egosi) enweghị usoro ma ọ bụ ụkpụrụ zuru ụwa ọnụ. Mgbe e mesịrị, a na-edozi usoro ihe ngosi zuru ụwa ọnụ ka agbahapụ, dochie ma ọ bụ nụchaa ihe ngosi Tier 3. Dịka nke 17 Julaị 2020, enwere ihe ngosi 231 pụrụ iche. Data ma ọ bụ ozi ga-agwa ndị otu niile adịghị ike dị ka ụmụaka, ndị agadi agadi, ndị nwere nkwarụ, ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ, ụmụ amaala, ndị na-akwaga mba ọzọ, na ndị chụpụrụ n'ime obodo. ==== Nnyocha nke ihe ngosi ==== A tụlere usoro ihe ngosi ahụ nke ọma na nnọkọ 51st nke United Nations Statistical Commission na 2020. A ga-enyocha ya ọzọ na 2025. Na nnọkọ 51st nke Statistical Commission (nke e mere na New York City site na 3–6 Maachị 2020) mkpokọta. nke mgbanwe 36 n'usoro ihe ngosi zuru ụwa ọnụ ka atụpụtara maka nleba anya nke kọmitii ahụ. A dochiri, degharịa ma ọ bụ hichapụ ụfọdụ ihe ngosi. N'etiti 15 Ọktoba 2018 na 17 Eprel 2020, e mere mgbanwe ndị ọzọ na egosi. N'agbanyeghị nha ha na-aga n'ihu na-ejupụta na ihe isi ike. === Ndepụta nke ihe mgbaru ọsọ 17 na ebumnuche ha na ihe ngosi ha === {{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goals and Australia|paragraphs=2-3}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ 1: Enweghị ịda ogbenye ==== [[Usòrò:Sustainable_Development_Goal_01NoPoverty.svg|alt=Sustainable Development Goal 1|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|124x124px|SDG 1]] SDG 1 bụ: "Kwụsị ịda ogbenye n'ụdị ya niile n'ebe niile." Inweta SDG 1 ga-akwụsị oke ịda ogbenye n'ụwa niile n'afọ 2030. Otu n'ime ihe na-egosi ya bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi n'okpuru oke ịda ogbenye. A na-enyocha data ahụ site na mmekọahụ, afọ, ọkwa ọrụ, na ọnọdụ mpaghara (obodo / ime obodo).{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goals and Nigeria|paragraphs=2|file=no}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ 2: agụụ efu (Ọ dịghị agụụ) ==== [[Usòrò:Tasty_Food_Abundance_in_Healthy_Europe.png|áká_èkpè|thumb|A ga-eme ka onye ọ bụla nwee nri zuru oke na nke dị mma.]] SDG 2 bụ: "Kwụsị agụụ, nweta nchekwa nri na mmezi nri, ma kwalite ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-2-zero-hunger.html|title=Goal 2: Zero hunger|work=UNDP|accessdate=13 April 2017|archivedate=30 December 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230063934/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-2-zero-hunger.html}}</ref> Ihe na-egosi ihe mgbaru ọsọ a bụ dịka ọmụmaatụ, mmụba nke nri na-adịghị mma, mmụka nke enweghị nri siri ike, na mmụba ya nke nkwụsịtụ n'etiti ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ ise.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goals and Lebanon|paragraphs=2|file=no}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke atọ: Ahụike na ọdịmma dị mma ==== SDG 3 bụ ka: "Họrọ ndụ ahụike ma kwalite ọdịmma maka mmadụ niile n'afọ niile." Ihe ngosi dị mkpa ebe a bụ ogologo ndụ yana ọnwụ ụmụaka na nne. Ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ bụ ọmụmaatụ ọnwụ sitere na mmerụ ahụ okporo ụzọ, mmụba nke ụtaba ugbu a, ọnụ ọgụgụ ọnwụ igbu onwe.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 3|paragraphs=2|file=0|tables=2021}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke anọ: agụmakwụkwọ dị mma ==== [[Usòrò:(2011_Education_for_All_Global_Monitoring_Report)_-School_children_in_Kakuma_refugee_camp,_Kenya_1.jpg|thumb|240x240px|Ụmụ akwụkwọ nọ n'ogige ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ Kakuma, Kenya]] SDG 4 bụ: "Hụkwa n'aka na agụmakwụkwọ dị mma gụnyere yana nha anya ma kwalite ohere mmụta ogologo ndụ maka mmadụ niile." Ihe egosi maka ebumnuche a bụ ọmụmaatụ ọnụọgụ ndị bịara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị, ọnụego mmecha nke ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị, isonye na agụmakwụkwọ mahadum na ndị ọzọ. N'ọnọdụ ọ bụla, a na-eleba anya nrịbama ngụsị akwụkwọ iji hụ na ụmụ akwụkwọ na-abaghị uru agaghị efu (anakọtara data na "nwoke / nwoke, ime obodo / obodo, ala / n'elu akụ na ụba na ndị ọzọ dị ka ọnọdụ nkwarụ, ụmụ amaala") . Enwekwara ihe ngosi n'akụkụ ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ nwere (ịnweta ọkụ eletrik, ịntanetị, kọmputa, mmiri ọṅụṅụ, ụlọ mposi wdg).{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 4|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ise: Ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị ==== SDG 5 bụ ka: "Nweta nha anya nwoke na nwanyị ma nye ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ ike." Ihe ngosi gụnyere dịka ọmụmaatụ inwe usoro iwu dabara adaba yana nnochite anya ụmụ nwanyị na nzuko omeiwu nke mba ma ọ bụ n'ime ndị na-akpa nkata mpaghara. Ọnụọgụ gbasara alụmdi na nwunye mmanye na ibibi/mgbu ụmụ nwanyị (FGM/C) sokwa n'ihe ngosi ọzọ.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 5|paragraphs=3|file=0}} ==== Ebumnuche 6: Mmiri dị ọcha na ịdị ọcha ==== [[Usòrò:School_toilet_2_-_WASH_in_schools_(Bangladesh)_(38403428742).jpg|thumb|Ihe atụ nke ịdị ọcha maka mmadụ niile: Ụlọ mposi ụlọ akwụkwọ (ụlọ akwụkwọ IPH na kọleji, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh)]] SDG 6 bụ ka: "Hụkwa na enwere na njikwa mmiri na ịdị ọcha na-adịgide adịgide maka mmadụ niile." Mmemme nleba anya ọnụ (JMP) nke WHO na UNICEF bụ maka ileba anya n'ọganihu iji nweta ebumnobi abụọ mbụ nke ebumnuche a. Ihe ngosi dị mkpa maka ebumnuche a bụ pasentị nke ndị mmadụ na-eji mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ a na-achịkwa nke ọma, ma nwee ohere ịdị ọcha ejirikwaghị nke ọma. JMP kọrọ na 2017 na ijeri mmadụ 4.5 anaghị ejikwa ịdị ọcha n'enweghị nsogbu. Ihe ngosi ọzọ na-eleba anya na oke mmiri mkpofu ụlọ na nke ụlọ ọrụ nke a na-edozi n'enweghị nsogbu.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 6|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke asaa: Ike dị ọnụ ala na nke dị ọcha ==== SDG 7 bụ: "Hụkwa na ịnweta ike dị ọnụ ala, ntụkwasị obi, nkwado na ume ọgbara ọhụrụ maka mmadụ niile." Otu n'ime ihe na-egosi ihe mgbaru ọsọ a bụ pasentị nke ndị mmadụ nwere ike ịnweta ọkụ eletrik (ọganihu n'ịgbasa ohere eletrik e meela n'ọtụtụ mba, karịsịa India, Bangladesh, na Kenya). Ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ na-eleba anya na ike mmeghari ume ike na arụmọrụ ike.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 7|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke asatọ: Ọrụ dị mma na uto akụ na ụba ==== SDG 8 bụ: "Ịkwalite ọganihu akụ na ụba na-adịgide adịgide, na-agụnye yana na-adigide, ọrụ zuru oke ma na-arụpụta ihe na ezigbo ọrụ maka mmadụ niile." Ihe ngosi dị mkpa maka ebumnuche a gụnyere uto akụ na ụba na mba ndị mepere emepe na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ezigbo GDP kwa onye ọ bụla. Ihe atụ ndị ọzọ bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke enweghị ọrụ ntorobịa na mmerụ ahụ n'ọrụ ma ọ bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụmụ nwoke.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 8|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ebumnuche 9: Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ihe ọhụrụ na akụrụngwa ==== SDG 9 bụ: "Iwulite akụrụngwa na-agbanwe agbanwe, kwalite mmepụta mmepụta ihe na-adigide na nsonye, na ịkwalite mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ." Ndị na-egosi na ebumnuche a gụnyere dịka ọmụmaatụ ọnụọgụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'ichepụta ihe ma ọ bụ ndị bi na mpaghara netwọk ekwentị kpuchiri ma ọ bụ ndị nwere ịntanetị. Ihe ngosi nke ejikọrọ na mgbanwe ihu igwe bụ "CO2 emissions per unit nke uru agbakwunyere."{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 9|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke iri: Mbelata ahaghị nhata ==== SDG 10 bụ: "Berelata enweghị nhata ego n'ime na n'etiti mba".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-10-reduced-inequalities.html|title=Goal 10: Reduced inequalities|work=UNDP|accessdate=12 March 2018|archivedate=30 December 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230063954/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-10-reduced-inequalities.html}}</ref> Ihe ngosi dị mkpa maka SDG a bụ ọdịiche dị n'etiti ego, akụkụ nke okike na nkwarụ, yana iwu maka ịkwaga na ịgagharị nke ndị mmadụ.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 10|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ 11: Obodo na obodo ndị na-adịgide adịgide ==== SDG 11 bụ: "Mee ka obodo na ebe obibi mmadụ bụrụ nke gụnyere, nchekwa, na-agbanwe agbanwe na nke ga-adigide." Ihe ngosi dị mkpa maka ebumnuche a bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mmadụ bi n'ime ime obodo, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi n'obodo mepere emepe na-enwe ohere ịnweta ụgbọ njem ọha, na oke ebe ewulitere maka onye ọ bụla.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 11|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ 12: Ojiji na mmepụta ==== SDG 12 bụ: "Hụkwa na usoro oriri na mmepụta ga-adigide." Otu n'ime ihe ndị a na-egosi bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ ngwá ọrụ amụma mba iji kwalite oriri na-adịgide adịgide na usoro mmepụta ihe.: 14  Nke ọzọ bụ enyemaka mmanụ ọkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ. nwere ike inye aka imezu ebumnuche ahụ.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 12|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ 13: Omume ihu igwe ==== SDG 13 bụ ka: "Mee ihe ngwa ngwa iji luso mgbanwe ihu igwe ọgụ na mmetụta ya site n'ịchịkwa ihe ọkụkụ na ịkwalite mmepe na ume ọhụrụ." Na 2021 ruo mmalite 2023, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) bipụtara akụkọ nyocha nke isii nke na-enyocha ozi sayensị, teknụzụ na mmekọrịta akụ na ụba gbasara mgbanwe ihu igwe.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 13|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ 14: Ndụ n'okpuru mmiri ==== SDG 14 bụ: "Chekwaa ma jiri oke osimiri, oke osimiri na akụrụngwa mmiri mee ihe maka mmepe na-adigide." Mgbalị ndị a na-eme ugbu a iji chebe oke osimiri, gburugburu mmiri na obere ndị ọkụ azụ anaghị egbo mkpa ọ dị ichebe ihe onwunwe. Mmụba okpomọkụ nke oké osimiri na ọnwụ oxygen na-eme n'otu oge na acidification nke oké osimiri ma bụrụ ihe atọ na-egbu egbu nke nrụgide mgbanwe ihu igwe na gburugburu mmiri. [[Usòrò:Nusa_Lembongan_Reef.jpg|thumb|Nusa Lembongan Reef]] {{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 14|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ 15: Ndụ n'ala ==== SDG 15 bụ: "Chebe, weghachi ma kwalite ojiji nke gburugburu ụwa na-aga n'ihu, jikwaa oke ọhịa, ịlụso ọzara ọgụ, na ịkwụsị ma weghachi mbibi ala na ịkwụsị mfu nke ụdị ndụ dị iche iche." Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mpaghara ọhịa fọdụrụnụ, ọzara na ihe egwu ikpochapụ ụdị anụmanụ bụ ihe atụ na-egosi ebumnuche a.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 15|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ 16: Udo, ikpe ziri ezi na ụlọ ọrụ siri ike ==== SDG 16 bụ: "Ịkwalite obodo dị n'udo na nsonye maka mmepe na-adigide, nye mmadụ niile ohere ikpe ziri ezi ma wulite ụlọ ọrụ dị irè, na-aza ajụjụ na nke gụnyere na ọkwa niile." Ọnụego ndebanye aha ọmụmụ na ụbara nke iri ngo bụ ihe atụ abụọ nke ihe nleba anya gụnyere na ebumnuche a.{{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 17|paragraphs=2|file=0}} ==== Ihe mgbaru ọsọ 17: Njikọ maka ihe mgbaru ọsọ ==== SDG 17 bụ ka: "Mee ka ụzọ mmejuputa iwu sikwuo ike ma mee ka mmekọrịta zuru ụwa ọnụ maka mmepe na-adigide." A na-ahụ ịbawanye mmekorita mba ụwa dị ka ihe dị mkpa iji nweta nke ọ bụla n'ime ebumnuche iri na isii gara aga. A na-ahụta mmepe mmekọrịta ọtụtụ ndị otu iji kesaa ihe ọmụma, nka, teknụzụ na nkwado ego dị ka ihe dị oke mkpa maka ọganihu zuru oke nke SDGs. Ebumnobi a gụnyere imeziwanye imekọ ihe ọnụ n'ebe ugwu-ndịda na ndịda-South, yana mmekọrịta ọha na eze na nkeonwe nke metụtara ọha mmadụ ka a kpọtụrụ aha kpọmkwem.   == Nsogbu na njikọ aka == [[Usòrò:Sustainable_Development_Goals_(Lima,_Peru)_1.jpg|thumb|240x240px|Ndị na-eto eto na-ejide ọkọlọtọ SDG na Lima, Peru]] Iji nweta mmepe na-adigide, akụkụ atọ ma ọ bụ akụkụ atọ kwesịrị ịchịkọta ọnụ: Akụkụ akụ na ụba, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na gburugburu ebe obibi bụ ihe dị oke mkpa ma dabere n'otu. Ọganihu ga-achọ nyocha multidisciplinary na trans-disciplinary n'akụkụ atọ niile. Nke a na-esi ike mgbe ndị isi ọchịchị akwadoghị ya. Okwu igbubi oke gụnyere dịka ọmụmaatụ nha anya nwoke na nwanyị, agụmakwụkwọ, omenala na ahụike. Ndị a bụ naanị ọmụmaatụ ụfọdụ njikọ dị iche iche dị na SDGs. === Ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị === Nkwekọrịta zuru ebe niile bụ na agamnihu na SDG niile ga-akwụsị ma ọ bụrụ na etinyeghị ikike ụmụ nwanyị na nha anya nwoke na nwanyị, ma mesoo ya nke ọma. Ndị SDG na-elegara ndị na-eme amụma yana ndị isi ngalaba na ndị otu ụlọ ọrụ ka ha rụọ ọrụ maka ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị. Nkwupụta sitere na isi mmalite dị iche iche, dị ka Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), UN Women na World Pensions Forum, kwuru na itinye ego n'ime ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ nwere mmetụta dị mma na akụ na ụba. Ntinye ego mmepe obodo na nke zuru ụwa ọnụ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ na-agafekarị oke mbụ ha. A na-ahazi nha anya nwoke na nwanyị n'ime usoro SDG site n'ịhụ na a na-anakọta data ekewapụrụ nwoke na nwanyị dịka enwere ike.: 11 === Agụmakwụkwọ na omenala === [[Usòrò:Training_on_Education_for_sustainable_development.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ọzụzụ na agụmakwụkwọ maka mmepe na-adịgide adịgide na mpaghara Kasese Uganda]] Achọpụtara agụmakwụkwọ maka mmepe na-adigide (ESD) nke ọma na SDG dị ka akụkụ nke Target 4.7 nke SDG na agụmakwụkwọ. UNESCO na-akwalite mmụta mmụta nwa amaala zuru ụwa ọnụ (GCED) dị ka ụzọ mgbakwunye. Mmụta maka mmepe na-adigide dị mkpa maka SDG 16 ndị ọzọ niile. A na-ezo aka na omenala n'ụzọ doro anya na SDG 11 Target 4 ("Mee mgbalị iji chekwaa na ichekwa ihe nketa ụwa na omenala"). Agbanyeghị, a na-ahụ omenala ka isiokwu na-agafe agafe n'ihi na ọ na-emetụta ọtụtụ SDGs. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, omenala na-ekere òkè na ebumnuche SDG ebe ha na-emetụta gburugburu ebe obibi na nkwụghachi azụ (n'ime SDG 11, 12 na 16), ọganihu na ibi ndụ (n'ime SDG 8), nsonye na nsonye (n'ime SDG 11 na 16): 2 === Ahụike === SDG 1 ruo 6 na-eleba anya ozugbo na ndịiche ahụike, ọkachasị na mba ndị na-emepe emepe. Ebumnobi isii ndị a na-eleba anya n'okwu ndị dị mkpa na ahụike ọha zuru ụwa ọnụ, ịda ogbenye, agụụ na nchekwa nri, ahụike, agụmakwụkwọ, nha anya nwoke na nwanyị na ike ụmụ nwanyị, na mmiri na ịdị ọcha. Ndị ọrụ ahụike ọha nwere ike iji ebumnobi ndị a wepụta atụmatụ nke ha ma mee atụmatụ maka obere atụmatụ maka otu ha. Njikọ dị n'etiti ebumnuche mmepe dị iche iche na ahụike ọha dị ọtụtụ ma guzobekwa nke ọma: * SDG 1: Ịdị n'okpuru akara ịda ogbenye na-adabere na nsonaazụ ahụike na-adịghị mma ma nwee ike ịka njọ maka ndị bi na mba ndị na-emepe emepe ebe oke ịda ogbenye bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=NCCP {{!}} Child Poverty|url=http://www.nccp.org/topics/childpoverty.html|accessdate=25 November 2015|work=www.nccp.org|archivedate=10 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810115746/http://nccp.org/topics/childpoverty.html}}</ref> Nwatakịrị a mụrụ n'ime ịda ogbenye nwere ohere okpukpu abụọ karịa ịnwụ tupu ya eruo afọ ise ma e jiri ya tụnyere nwatakịrị si n'ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya.<ref name="UNhealth2015">{{Cite web|title=Health – United Nations Sustainable Development|url=https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/health/|accessdate=25 November 2015|work=United Nations Sustainable Development}}</ref> * SDG 2: Mmetụta ọjọọ nke agụụ na nsogbu nri na-edozi ahụ nke nwere ike ibilite site na nsogbu sistemụ na nchekwa nri dị oke egwu. Òtù Ahụ Ike Ụwa na-eme atụmatụ na pasent 12.9 nke ndị bi na mba ndị na-emepe emepe enweghị nri na-edozi ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hunger and food security – United Nations Sustainable Development|url=https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/hunger/|accessdate=25 November 2015|work=United Nations Sustainable Development}}</ref> * SDG 4 na 5: Enwetabeghị ikpe ziri ezi agụmakwụkwọ n'ụwa. Nke a na-egbochi mbọ ahụike ọha na eze, ebe enweghị agụmakwụkwọ nwere ike iduga na nsonaazụ ahụike dị njọ. Nke a na-egosi site n'aka ụmụ nke ndị nne na-enweghị agụmakwụkwọ nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala karịa ụmụaka ndị nne mụrụ na ọkwa praịmarị ma ọ bụ karịa.<ref name="UNhealth2015" /> === Njikọ === Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti SDG bụ "ezigbo ndị na-emegide ahia ahia.": 67  N'ihe gbasara SDG 13 gbasara omume ihu igwe, IPCC na-ahụ mmekọrịta siri ike karịsịa maka SDGs 3 (ahụike), 7 (ike dị ọcha), 11 (obodo na obodo), 12 (nri na mmepụta ihe) na 14 (oké osimiri):  70 Iji zute SDG 13 na SDG ndị ọzọ, a na-achọ itinye ego na-adịte aka na ihe ọhụrụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ: iji mebie ngwaahịa isi obodo - ike, ụlọ ọrụ na akụrụngwa njem - ma hụ na ọ ga-ekwe omume mgbanwe ihu igwe n'ọdịnihu; iji chekwaa ma kwalite isi obodo - oke ohia, oke osimiri, na ala mmiri; na ịzụ ndị mmadụ ka ha rụọ ọrụ na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba na-anọpụ iche na ihu igwe. == Ihe ịma aka == === Ọtụtụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ na nsogbu n'ozuzu === Ndị ọkà mmụta akọwapụtala ntụpọ dị na nhazi nke SDG maka akụkụ ndị a: "ọnụọgụ ebumnuche, nhazi nke usoro ihe mgbaru ọsọ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, usoro nhazi nke na-abụghị ndị isi), njikọ dị n'etiti ihe mgbaru ọsọ, nkọwapụta ma ọ bụ nha nke ebumnuche, asụsụ e ji mee ihe n'edemede ahụ, na ịdabere na mmepe akụ na ụba neoliberal dabere na mmepe na-adigide dị ka isi nghazi ha.": 161 Ndị SDG nwere ike ijide ọnọdụ dị ugbu a wee daa n'iwepụta nnukwu ebumnuche mmepe. A kọwawo ọnọdụ dị ugbu a dị ka "kewapụ ọdịmma mmadụ na nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi, enweghị ike ịgbanwe ọchịchị na ịṅa ntị na ahia ahia, ihe kpatara ịda ogbenye na mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi, na ikpe ziri ezi nke ọha mmadụ." Otu nkọwa na The Economist na 2015 rụrụ ụka na ebumnuche 169 maka SDG dị ọtụtụ, na-akọwa ha dị ka ndị na-agbasawanye, echiche na-ezighị ezi na ọgbaghara ma e jiri ya tụnyere Mgbaru Ọhụụ Mmepe Millennium asatọ (MDGs). === Mgbanwe ndị a na-ekwughị n'ụzọ doro anya === Azụmahịa dị n'etiti SDG 17 nwere ike igbochi mmezu ha.: 66  Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndị a bụ azụmaahịa atọ siri ike ịtụle: "Olee otu a ga-esi mekọrịta ịkwụsị agụụ na nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi? (SDG lekwasịrị anya 2.3 na 15.2) Kedu ka uto akụ na ụba ga-esi dị. a ga-emekọrịta ya na nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi? (SDG lekwasịrị anya 9.2 na 9.4) Kedu ka enwere ike isi mee ka enweghị ahaghị nhata ego na uto akụ na ụba? (SDG lekwasịrị anya 10.1 na 8.1)." SDG adịghị ekwu kpọmkwem esemokwu dị n'etiti uto akụ na ụba na nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi. Kama nke ahụ, ha na-ekwusi ike "nkwupụta ogologo oge mana enweghị atụ gbasara nbibi na nrụpụta akụrụngwa dị ka ihe ngwọta teknụzụ maka nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi.": 145  Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọganihu akụ na ụba ụwa na-aga n'ihu nke pasent 3 (SDG 8) nwere ike ọ gaghị ekwekọrịta na ebumnuche nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi, n'ihi na Ọnụego achọrọ maka ngbanwe akụ na ụba zuru ụwa ọnụ zuru ụwa ọnụ dị elu karịa obodo ọ bụla enwetagoro n'oge gara aga. === Enweghị ike na nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi === [[Usòrò:SDG_wedding_cake.jpg|thumb|SDG wedding cake model: Ụzọ isi lee akụkụ akụ na ụba, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na gburugburu ebe obibi nke Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).<ref name="Resilience-2016">{{Cite web|title=The SDGs wedding cake|url=https://www.stockholmresilience.org/research/research-news/2016-06-14-the-sdgs-wedding-cake.html|accessdate=2022-07-12|work=www.stockholmresilience.org|language=en}}</ref>]] {{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 15|paragraphs=2|file=0}}Ndị ọkà mmụta akatọọla na SDGs "adịghị aghọta na mbara ala, ndị mmadụ na ihe gbasara ọganihu bụ akụkụ nke otu usoro ụwa, na nchebe nke iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke mbara ala ekwesịghị ịbụ ụzọ isi nweta njedebe, kama ọ bụ njedebe n'onwe ya.": 147 SDGs "kadoro n'echiche na uto akụ na ụba bụ ntọala iji nweta ogidi niile nke mmepe na-adigide.": 147  Ha anaghị ebute nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi.: 144 SDGs gụnyere SDG atọ lekwasịrị anya gburugburu ebe obibi, nke bụ ebumnuche 13, 14 na 15 ( ihu igwe, ala na oke osimiri), mana enweghị ebumnuche gburugburu ebe obibi ma ọ bụ mbara ala. Ihe mgbochi gburugburu ebe obibi na oke mbara ala enweghị atụ n'ime SDGs. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, otu esi ahazi SDG dị ugbu a na-eduga na mmekọrịta na-adịghị mma n'etiti nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi na SDGs. A katọrọ SDG maka enweghị ike ichekwa ụdị ndụ dị iche iche. Ha nwere ike n'amaghị ama kwalite mbibi gburugburu ebe obibi n'aha mmepe na-adigide. Ụfọdụ ọmụmụ na-arụkwa ụka na ihe SDG na-elekwasị anya na mmepe na-adigide neoliberal na-emebi iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke mbara ala na ikpe ziri ezi. Ebumnuche abụọ a (ịkwado ntụkwasị obi mbara ala na ikpe ziri ezi) ga-achọ oke maka uto akụ na ụba.: 145 Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị atụpụtala ụzọ dị iche iche isi lebara adịghị ike anya gbasara nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi na SDGs: * Nnyocha nke mgbanwe ndị dị mkpa iji nwetakwuo mkpa nke usoro gburugburu ebe obibi na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke na-akwado mmepe na-adịgide adịgide, na-enyere aka iduzi nhazi na mgbanwe usoro.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Reyers|first=Belinda|date=June 2017|title=Essential Variables help to focus Sustainable Development Goals monitoring|journal=Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability|volume=26-27|pages=97–105|doi=10.1016/j.cosust.2017.05.003}}</ref> * Nlebara anya maka ọnọdụ nke usoro biophysical n'ebe dị iche iche (dịka, osimiri osimiri osimiri, ugwu ugwu)<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Scown|first=Murray W.|date=November 2020|title=The Sustainable Development Goals need geoscience|journal=Nature Geoscience|volume=13|issue=11|pages=714–715|doi=10.1038/s41561-020-00652-6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kulonen|first=Aino|date=2019|title=Spatial context matters in monitoring and reporting on Sustainable Development Goals: Reflections based on research in mountain regions|journal=GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society|volume=28|issue=2|pages=90–94|doi=10.14512/gaia.28.2.5}}</ref> * Nghọta ka mma nke nzaghachi gafee ihe dị na mbara igwe (dịka, site na ijikọ ụwa ọnụ) na oge (dịka ọmụmaatụ, na-emetụta ọgbọ ndị na-abịa n'ọdịnihu) nke nwere ike ikpebi ihe ịga nke ọma ma ọ bụ ọdịda nke SDGs.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Reyers|first=Belinda|date=August 2020|title=Global targets that reveal the social–ecological interdependencies of sustainable development|journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution|volume=4|issue=8|pages=1011–1019|doi=10.1038/s41559-020-1230-6|pmid=32690904}}</ref> === Akụkụ omume ọma === Enwere nchegbu banyere usoro ziri ezi nke SDGs: ha na-anọgide "na-akwado site na echiche siri ike (Western) nke modernist nke mmepe: ọchịchị nke ụmụ mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi ha (anthropocentricism), onye ọ bụla, asọmpi, nnwere onwe (ikike karịa ọrụ), ọdịmma onwe onye. , nkwenye n'ahịa nke na-eduga na ọdịmma mkpokọta, ihe onwunwe nke onwe (nke usoro iwu chebere), ụgwọ ọrụ dabere na uru, ịhụ ihe onwunwe n'anya, ọnụọgụ nke uru, na ngwá ọrụ nke ọrụ.":  146 Ụfọdụ ọmụmụ na-adọ aka na ntị na enwere ike iji SDGs mebie azụmahịa-dị ka ọ na-adị site n'iji nkwuwa okwu nkwado nkwado SDG jikọtara ya. Nnyocha nyocha nke meta-analysis na 2022 chọpụtara na: "Enwere ọbụna ihe akaebe na-apụta na SDG nwere ike inwe mmetụta ọjọọ, site n'inye "enyo enyo nke ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị siri ike" nke na-eme ka eziokwu nke nkwụsị, njedebe nwụrụ anwụ na azụmahịa-dị ka- mbụ.": 220 === Nsogbu na ịchọpụta ihe ngosi dị mma === Banyere ebumnuche nke SDGs, enwere ihe akaebe na-adịghị ike na-ejikọ ụzọ mmejuputa ya na nsonaazụ. Ebumnuche maka ụzọ mmejuputa iwu (ndị e ji akwụkwọ ozi, dịka ọmụmaatụ, Target 6.a) bụ ndị a na-echepụtaghị nke ọma na haziri nke ọma, yana ịchụso akara ngosi ha ga-esi ike. === Mmetụta nke ọrịa COVID-19 na nsogbu ndị ọzọ === Ọrịa COVID-19 belatara ọganihu iji nweta SDGs. Na nnọkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị UN High-level Forum on Sustainable Development na July 2023, ndị ọkà okwu kwuru na ọrịa na-efe efe na ọtụtụ ọgba aghara zuru ụwa ọnụ na-eyi ọtụtụ iri afọ nke ọganihu na SDGs. == Usoro nlekota == [[Usòrò:Map_Sustainable_Development_Goals_2019.jpg|alt=|thumb|Mba ndị kacha nso izute SDGs (na-acha anụnụ anụnụ) na ndị nwere nnukwu ihe ịma aka fọdụrụnụ (na-enweghị ntụpọ nke anụnụ anụcha) na 2018 ]] === Nzukọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị elu nke UN maka mmepe na-adịgide adịgide (HLPF) === {{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goal 17|paragraphs=2|file=0}}Nzukọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị elu na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide (HLPF) nọchiri Òtù Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu na Development Sustainable na 2012.: 206  O kwesịrị ịbụ "ebe nzukọ mgbe niile maka gọọmentị na ndị nnọchiteanya na-abụghị steeti iji nyochaa ọganihu zuru ụwa ọnụ maka mmepe na-adigide.": 206  Nzukọ ndị a na-eme n'okpuru nkwado nke United Nations Economic and Social Council. Na Julaị 2020 nzukọ a mere n'ịntanetị na nke mbụ n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19. Isiokwu a bụ "Agbara ngwa ngwa na ụzọ mgbanwe: ịghọta afọ iri nke ime ihe na nnyefe maka mmepe na-adigide" ma nabata nkwupụta minista. A na-ebipụta akụkọ ọganihu dị elu maka SDG niile n'ụdị akụkọ sitere n'aka odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations. Nke kacha ọhụrụ bụ site na Eprel 2020. Agbanyeghị, HLPF nwere ọtụtụ nsogbu. O nwebeghị ike ịkwalite njikọta n'usoro. Ihe kpatara nke a gụnyere ikike ya sara mbara yana nke edoghị anya yana enweghị akụrụngwa yana ọdịmma mba dị iche iche. Ya mere, usoro akuko a bụ ọkachasị naanị ikpo okwu maka mkpesa afọ ofufo na mmụta ndị ọgbọ n'etiti gọọmentị. === Ngwá ọrụ nlekota na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ === Ewepụtara SDG-Tracker mbipụta n'ịntanetị na June 2018 wee gosipụta data n'ofe ihe ngosi niile dị. Ọ dabere na ụwa anyị na nchekwa data data ma dabere na Mahadum Oxford. Mbipụta a nwere mkpuchi zuru ụwa ọnụ ma na-enyocha ma ụwa ọ na-enwe ọganihu na SDGs. Ọ na-achọ ime ka data dị na ihe mgbaru ọsọ 17 dị na nghọta nye ndị na-ege ntị. SDG-Tracker na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè na ụwa dị ugbu a (n'oge 2019) dị anya na imezu ebumnuche. Ndekọ SDG zuru ụwa ọnụ na akụkọ dashboards bụ mbipụta mbụ iji soro arụmọrụ mba na ebumnuche 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Mbipụta kwa afọ, nke Bertelsmann Stiftung na SDSN mebere, gụnyere ọkwa na dashboard nke na-egosi isi ihe ịma aka maka obodo ọ bụla n'ihe gbasara itinye SDGs. Mbipụta ahụ gosikwara nyocha nke mbọ gọọmentị iji mejuputa SDGs. == Akụkọ banyere ọganihu == === Ọnọdụ zuru oke === Akụkọ sitere na United Nations (dịka ọmụmaatụ UN Global Sustainable Development Report na 2019) yana ndị otu ndị ọzọ na-enyocha ọganihu na SDG egosila ugboro ugboro na ụwa enweghị ike imezu ọtụtụ ebumnuche site na 2030: 41  (ma ọ bụ tupu mgbe ahụ). maka ebumnuche ndị ahụ nwere ebumnuche mbụ ma). Nke a na-akpọ ụwa adịghị n'ụzọ.: 41  Nke kachasị mkpa - nke na-agafe ọtụtụ SDG - na-arị elu ahaghị nhata, mgbanwe ihu igwe na-aga n'ihu na ụbara ọnwụ nke ụdị ndụ dị iche iche.: 41  Na mgbakwunye, enwere mgbanwe n'etiti mbara ala ókè nke Ụwa na ọchịchọ maka akụ na ụba na ọdịmma; A kọwawo nke a dị ka ndị a: "usoro ihe gbasara mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ụwa na nke okike enweghị ike ịkwado ọchịchọ maka ọdịmma mmadụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke agbakwunyere na SDGs.": 41 N'ihi nsogbu akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta ọha na eze dị iche iche, ọtụtụ mba na-ahụ nnukwu mbelata na ọganihu e nwetara. N'Eshia dịka ọmụmaatụ, data na-egosi enweghị ọganihu na ebumnuche 2, 8,10,11, na 15. Ụzọ a tụrụ aro ka ị nweta SDG bụ: "Tụpụta ihe ndị ka mkpa, lekwasị anya n'ịkwado akụkụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke SDGs, ghọta otú e si eme ya. SDG na-arụ ọrụ dị ka sistemụ enweghị ike kewaa, na-achọkwa mmekọrịta. " === Ịtụle mmetụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke SDGs === Ntụle sayensị ewepụtara na 2022 tụlere mmetụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke SDGs. Ọ tụlere ihe karịrị akụkọ sayensị 3,000, ọkachasị sitere na sayensị mmekọrịta ọha. Ọmụmụ ihe ahụ lere anya mkparịta ụka nwere ike ime, ụkpụrụ na mmetụta ụlọ ọrụ. Akọwapụtara ọnụnọ ụdị mmetụta atọ niile n'ime usoro ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị ka mmetụta mgbanwe, nke bụ ebumnuche ikpeazụ nke Agenda 2030. Mmetụta mkparịta ụka metụtara mgbanwe na arụmụka zuru ụwa ọnụ na nke mba na-eme ka ha kwekọọ na SDG. Mmetụta nkịtị ga-abụ ngbanwe na usoro omebe iwu yana usoro iwu na atumatu kwekọrọ, yana n'ihi, SDGs. Mmetụta ụlọ ọrụ ga-abụ ịmepụta ngalaba ọhụrụ, kọmitii, ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ mmemme jikọtara na mmezu nke SDG ma ọ bụ nhazi nke ụlọ ọrụ dị ugbu a. Ntụleghachi ahụ chọpụtara na SDG nwere naanị mmetụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nwere oke mgbanwe ruo ugbu a. Ha nwere naanị mmetụta mkparịta ụka. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, nkwubi okwu sara mbara nke ụkpụrụ nke ịhapụ onye ọ bụla n'azụ na nkwupụta nke ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndị na-akwado ọha na eze bụ mmetụta mkparịta ụka. Ndị SDG ebutelakwa mgbanwe mgbanwe usoro iwu na ụlọ ọrụ dịpụrụ adịpụ. Agbanyeghị, enwere obi abụọ zuru ebe niile na SDG nwere ike iduba ọha mmadụ gaa n'iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe gburugburu ebe obibi n'ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ mbara ala. Nke a bụ n'ihi na mba n'ozuzu na-ebute ụzọ SDG nke mmekọrịta ọha na eze (dịka SDGs 8 ruo 12) karịa nke metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi (dịka SDGs 13 ruo 15), bụ nke dabara na atumatu mmepe obodo ha dị ogologo. === Mmetụta nke ọrịa COVID-19 === Ọrịa COVID-19 na 2020 nwere mmetụta na ebumnuche 17 niile. Ọ bụrụla "nsogbu mmadụ na nke akụ na ụba kachasị njọ n'oge ndụ.": 2  Ọrịa ọjọọ na-eyi ọganihu e mere karịsịa maka SDG 3 (ahụike), SDG 4 (agụmakwụkwọ), SDG 6 (mmiri na ịdị ọcha maka mmadụ niile), SDG 10 ( belata ahaghị nhata) na SDG 17 (mmekọrịta). === Ihe mgbaru ọsọ ndị na-adịghị mma === N'afọ 2019 ka ebipụtara akụkọ ọganihu ise na SDG 17. Atọ sitere na Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Akụ na ụba na Ọha na Ọha na Mba (UNDESA), otu sitere na Bertelsmann Foundation na otu sitere na European Union. Ntụleghachi nke akụkọ ise ahụ tụlere nke ebumnobi iri na asaa ahụ e lebara anya na nke mbụ na nke fọdụrụ. Na nkọwa nke nchoputa, Basel Institute of Commons and Economics kwuru na Biodiversity, Peace and Social Inclusion bụ "hapụrụ n'azụ" site n'ihota ụkpụrụ SDGs gọọmentị bụ "Ịhapụ onye ọ bụla n'azụ." A na-arụ ụka na gọọmentị na azụmahịa na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-ebute ihe mgbaru ọsọ ọha na eze na akụ na ụba karịa ihe mgbaru ọsọ gburugburu ebe obibi (dị ka ihe mgbaru ọsọ 14 na 15) na nkwupụta okwu na omume. {| class="wikitable sortable" |+SDG preferences in the World's five major SDG reports in 2019<ref name="BICE-2020">{{Cite web|title=Leaving Biodiversity, Peace and Social Inclusion behind|url=http://commons.ch/wp-content/uploads/Synopsis_SDG_Reports_Goals_Allocation_2019.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230063855/http://commons.ch/wp-content/uploads/Synopsis_SDG_Reports_Goals_Allocation_2019.pdf|archivedate=30 December 2020|accessdate=27 November 2019|publisher=Basel Institute of Commons and Economics|language=en}}</ref> !'''SDG Topic &nbsp;''' !'''Rank&nbsp; &nbsp;''' !'''Average Rank''' !'''Mentions''' |- |Health |1 |3.2 |1814 |- |Energy<br /><br />Climate <br /><br />Water |2 |4.0 |1328<br /><br />1328<br /><br />1784 |- |Education |3 |4.6 |1351 |- |Poverty |4 |6.2 |1095 |- |Food |5 |7.6 |693 |- |Economic Growth |6 |8.6 |387 |- |Technology |7 |8.8 |855 |- |Inequality |8 |9.2 |296 |- |Gender Equality |9 |10.0 |338 |- |Hunger |10 |10.6 |670 |- |Justice |11 |10.8 |328 |- |Governance |12 |11.6 |232 |- |Decent Work |13 |12.2 |277 |- |Peace |14 |12.4 |282 |- |Clean Energy |15 |12.6 |272 |- |Life on Land |16 |14.4 |250 |- |Life below Water |17 |15.0 |248 |- |Social Inclusion |18 |16.4 |22 |} == Ihe Ndị Na-efu == === Ọnụ ego === Otu United Nations na-eme atụmatụ na maka Africa, n'ịtụle mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ kọntinent ahụ, a ga-achọ ego ruru ijeri $1.3 kwa afọ iji nweta ebumnuche mmepe Sustainable Development n'Africa. International Monetary Fund na-ekwukwa na a ga-achọ ijeri $50 naanị iji kpuchie mmefu nke mgbanwe ihu igwe. Atụmatụ maka inye mmiri dị ọcha na idebe ihe ọcha maka ndị niile bi na kọntinent niile eruola ijeri US $200. Ụlọ akụ mba ụwa na-ekwu na ọ dị mkpa ka e mee atụmatụ n'obodo site na mba, na-atụgharịkwa ya ugboro ugboro ka oge na-aga. N'afọ 2014, UNCTAD mere atụmatụ ego a na-efu kwa afọ iji nweta ebumnuche UN na ijeri US $2.5 kwa afọ. Atụmatụ ọzọ sitere na 2018 (nke Basel Institute of Commons and Economics, nke na-eduzi World Social Capital Monitor) chọpụtara na iji ruo SDG niile nke a ga-achọ n'etiti US $ 2.5 na $ 5.0 trillion kwa afọ. === Ikike ego === N'afọ 2017 UN weputara otu Inter-Agency Task Force on Financing for Development (UN IATF na FfD) nke kpọrọ oku ka ha bịa mkparịta ụka ọha. The top-5 isi iyi nke ego maka mmepe e mere atụmatụ na 2018 ịbụ: ezigbo ọhụrụ sovereign ụgwọ OECD mba, agha mmefu, ukara abawanye sovereign ụgwọ OECD mba, remittances si expats na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe, ukara mmepe enyemaka (ODA). Rockefeller Foundation kwuputara n'afọ 2017 na "Igodo nke nkwalite ego na imezu SDG bụ ịchịkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke $200+ trillion na ntinye ego nke onwe kwa afọ na-aga na mbọ mmepe, ọrụ enyemaka nwere oke ọrụ ọ ga-arụ n'ịkwalite mgbanwe a. " Ndị na-enye ego buru ibu na-ekere òkè na ogbako echiche imewe nke Rockefeller Foundation kwadoro na "ebe enwere mkpa dị mkpa iji nweta SDGs, ọdịda bụ ihe a na-apụghị izere ezere ma ọ bụrụ na enweghị mgbanwe dị ukwuu na otu anyị si aga maka ịkwado nnukwu mgbanwe mgbanwe." Nnyocha meta nke e bipụtara na 2022 chọpụtara na enwere ntakịrị ihe akaebe na gọọmentị ewepụtala ego iji mejuputa SDGs, maka mmejuputa mba ma ọ bụ maka imekọ ihe ọnụ mba ụwa. SDG adịghị ka ọ gbanweela mmefu ego ọha na usoro nkenye ego n'ụzọ ọ bụla dị mkpa, ma e wezụga ụfọdụ ọnọdụ ọchịchị obodo. Enweghị ike ibugharị mmefu ego obodo n'ụzọ dị mfe.: 81 === Ntinye ego na-akpali SDG === A na-atụ anya na nlekọta isi obodo ga-ekere òkè dị mkpa na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke SDG atumatu iji "gbanwee usoro akụ na ụba na ntinye ego na-adịgide adịgide site n'iji usoro SDG gafee klaasị niile." Echiche nke SDG Driven Investment nwetara ala ọzọ n'etiti ndị na-etinye ego na ụlọ ọrụ na 2019. Na 2017, 2018 na mmalite 2019, World Pensions Council (WPC) nwere usoro mkparịta ụka ESG lekwasịrị anya (Environmental, Social and Governance) na ndị otu ụlọ ọrụ ezumike nka (ndị ntụkwasị obi) na ndị isi itinye ego sitere na mba G20. Ọtụtụ ndị isi itinye ego ezumike nka na ndị otu bọọdụ kwadoro na ha nọ na usoro nke ịnakwere ma ọ bụ na-emepe usoro ntinye ego nke SDG, na-enwe nnukwu ọchịchọ itinye ego n'ọrụ ọchịchị - karịsịa ma a bịa n'ihe gbasara ihu igwe, nha anya nwoke na nwanyị na ọha mmadụ. Ụfọdụ ọmụmụ, agbanyeghị, na-adọ aka ná ntị maka nhọrọ ahọpụtara nke SDGs na ihe egwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị jikọtara na ntinye ego nkeonwe na ọnọdụ nke ụkọ ego ọha na eze na-aga n'ihu. == Nkwurịta okwu na nkwado == [[Usòrò:Katherine_Maher._Wikimania_2019.jpg|thumb|[[Katherine Maher]], onye isi nchịkwa nke Wikimedia Foundation n'oge ahụ, na-ekwu maka "Ọrụ nke ihe ọmụma n'efu n'ịkwalite SDGs" na Stockholm, 2019]] [[Usòrò:SDG-pyramid.jpg|thumb|Atụmatụ iji hụ SDGs iri na asaa na pyramid nwere isiokwu]] Agenda 2030 ewepụtaghị ikike a kapịrị ọnụ maka ikwukọrịta SDG; Otú ọ dị, ma òtù mba ụwa na nke ime obodo achụọla nnukwu ihe onwunwe na-abụghị nke steeti iji kwusaa SDGS. Ụlọ ọrụ UN bụ akụkụ nke otu United Nations Development Group kpebiri ịkwado mgbasa ozi nọọrọ onwe ya iji zie ndị na-ege ntị SDG ọhụrụ ahụ. Mgbasa ozi a, Project Onye ọ bụla, nwere nkwado nke ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na òtù mba ụwa ndị ọzọ. N'iji ederede nke ndị nnọchiteanya nọ na ọkwa UN depụtara, otu ndị ọkachamara nkwurịta okwu mepụtara akara ngosi maka ebumnuche ọ bụla. Ha wepụrụ aha 17 Sustainable Development Goals na ebumnuche zuru ụwa ọnụ, wee gbaa ogbako na ọgbakọ iji gwa ndị na-ege ntị n'ụwa niile ebumnuche. Mgbakọ Aarhus bụ mgbakọ mba mba ụwa nke emere na 2001, n'ụzọ doro anya iji gbaa ma kwalite itinye aka na ọha na eze dị irè n'ime mkpebi gburugburu ebe obibi. Nghọta ozi gbasara mgbasa ozi ọha na eze na itinye aka na ndị ntorobịa bụ okwu abụọ metụtara ebumnuche mmepe Sustainable nke mgbakọ ahụ lebara anya. === Ndị ọkàiwu === Na 2019 wee na 2021, odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations António Guterres họpụtara ndị nkwado 17 SDG. Ọrụ nke ndị ọha na eze bụ ịkwalite mmata, kpalie oke ochicho, na ịkwado maka ime ngwa ngwa na SDGs. Ha bụ: ; Ndị isi oche * Mia Mottley, Praịm Minista nke [[Barbados]]. * Justin Trudeau, Praịm Minista nke [[Kánada|Canada]]. ; Ndị otu * Eze Nwanyị Mathilde nke Belgium * Muhammadu Sanusi nke Abụọ, Emir nke [[Kano]]. * Sheikha Moza bint Nasser, onye guzobere Education Above All Foundation. * BLACKPINK, otu ụmụ agbọghọ K-Pop * Richard Curtis, onye edemede, onye na-emepụta ihe na onye nduzi ihe nkiri. * Ms. Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim, onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na ikike ụmụ amaala. * Graça Machel, onye guzobere [[Graça Machel|Graça Machol]] Trust. * Dia Mirza, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na'emepụta ihe nkiri, na onye nnọchi anya [[Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu|UN]] Environment Program Goodwill maka [[Ndia|India]]. * [[Valentina Muñoz Rabanal]], onye na-eme ngagharị iwe na [[Chile]]. * Edward Ndopu, onye guzobere Global Strategies on Inclusive Education. * Kailash Satyarthi, onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru ụmụaka n'India * Brad Smith, osote onyeisi oche na onye isi oche, Microsoft. * Jeffrey Sachs, onye nduzi nke Center for Sustainable Development na Mahadum Columbia. * Forest Whitaker, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye guzobere na onye isi oche nke Whitaker Peace & Development Initiative. * Hamdi Ulukaya, onye guzobere Chobani<ref>{{Cite web|title=UN Secretary-General António Guterres announces Founder and CEO of Chobani, Mr. Hamdi Ulukaya as SDG Advocate|url=https://www.unsdgadvocates.org/news/un-secretary-general-antonio-guterres-announces-founder-and-ceo-of-chobani-mr-hamdi-ulukaya-as-sdg-advocate|accessdate=2022-07-28|work=SDG Advocates|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-05-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516115501/https://www.unsdgadvocates.org/news/un-secretary-general-antonio-guterres-announces-founder-and-ceo-of-chobani-mr-hamdi-ulukaya-as-sdg-advocate}}</ref> === Ihe omume ụwa === [[Usòrò:Global_Goals_Week_Logo.png|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ihe mgbaru ọsọ zuru ụwa ọnụ]] Global Goals Week bụ mmemme na-ewe kwa izu na Septemba maka mmemme, mmata, na aza ajụjụ maka ebumnuche mmepe Sustainable. Ọ bụ ntinye aka maka ndị mmekọ karịrị 100 iji hụ na ime ihe ngwa ngwa na SDG site n'ịkekọrịta echiche na ngwọta mgbanwe maka nsogbu zuru ụwa ọnụ. Nke mbụ mere na 2016. Ọ na-emekarị concurrently na Climate Week NYC. Ememme Nkiri Arctic bụ mmemme ihe nkiri kwa afọ nke HF Productions haziri yana nke SDGs' Partnership Platform kwadoro. Emere ya na nke mbụ na 2019, a na-atụ anya na ememme a ga-eme kwa afọ na Septemba na Longyearbyen, Svalbard, [[Norway]]. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:SustainableDevelopmentGoalsLogo.svg|thumb|Ihe mgbaru ọsọ mmepe na-adịgide adịgide bụ atụmatụ UN]] [[Usòrò:A_RES_71_313_E.pdf|thumb|Ọrụ nke Statistical Commission metụtara 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development nwere ebumnuche na ihe ngosi, July 2017 (UN resolution A/RES/71/313)]]   [[Usòrò:UN_SDGs_consulltations_in_Mariupol_(29274119644).jpg|thumb|Mkparịta ụka UN SDG na Mariupol, Ukraine]] Agenda mmepe nke Post-2015 bụ usoro sitere na 2012 ruo 2015 nke United Nations duziri iji kọwaa usoro mmepe ụwa n'ọdịnihu nke ga-aga nke ọma ebumnuche mmepe nke Millennium. Emepụtara SDGs ka ọ ga-aga nke ọma ebumnuche mmepe nke Millennium Development (MDGs) nke kwụsịrị na 2015. Na 1983, United Nations kere World Commission on Environment and Development (nke e mesịrị mara dị ka Brundtland Commission), nke kọwara mmepe na-adigide dị ka "igbo mkpa nke ugbu a n'emebighị ikike nke ọgbọ n'ọdịnihu iji gboo mkpa nke ha." N'afọ 1992, e mere ọgbakọ mbụ nke United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) ma ọ bụ Mgbakọ Ụwa na [[Rio de Janeiro]], bụ ebe e mepụtara ma nabata usoro mbụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na mmepe, nke a makwaara dị ka Agenda 21. Na 2012, Nzukọ Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu na Ọganihu Sustainable (UNCSD), nke a makwaara dị ka Rio+20, mere dị ka afọ iri abụọ na-esochi UNCED. Colombia tụpụtara echiche nke SDG na mmemme nkwadebe maka Rio + 20 mere na Indonesia na July 2011. Na Septemba 2011, United Nations Department of Public Information 64th NGO Conference na Bonn, Germany welitere echiche a. Akwụkwọ nsonaazụ ahụ tụpụtara ebumnuche mmepe 17 na-adigide yana ebumnuche metụtara ya. Na nso nso a Rio+20 enwere ọtụtụ mkparịta ụka gbasara echiche nke SDG. Na Rio+20 Conference, otu mba ndị otu ruru mkpebi a maara dị ka "Ọdịnihu Anyị Chọrọ". Otu n'ime isiokwu ndị a kwadoro bụ ikpochapụ ịda ogbenye, ume, mmiri na idebe ihe ọcha, ahụike, na nhazi nke mmadụ. Na Jenụwarị 2013, e hiwere otu UN General Assembly Open Working Group (OWG) dị iri atọ na ebumnuche mmepe iji chọpụta ebumnuche akọwapụtara maka SDGs. OWG nyefere aro ha nke 8 SDGs na 169 lekwasịrị anya na nnọkọ 68th nke Mgbakọ General na Septemba 2014. Na 5 Disemba 2014, Mgbakọ Nzuko UN nabatara Nkwupụta Synthesis Secretary General, nke kwuru na ebumnuche maka post-2015 SDG. Usoro ga-adabere na atụmatụ OWG. === Eshia na Pacific === ==== Australia ==== {{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goals and Australia|paragraphs=2-3}} === Afrịka === Òtù Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu Development Programme (UNDP) achịkọtala ozi iji gosi ka esi emepụta mmata banyere SDG n'etiti ndị ọrụ gọọmentị, ọha mmadụ na ndị ọzọ n'ọtụtụ mba Africa. ==== Naịjirịa ==== === Europe na Middle East === Mba Baltic, site na Council of the Baltic Sea States, ekepụtala Baltic 2030 Action Plan., , ==== Lebanọn ==== {{excerpt|Sustainable Development Goals and Lebanon|paragraphs=2|file=no}} ==== Siria ==== Agụmakwụkwọ dị elu na Syria malitere site na usoro mmepe na-adigide site na Mahadum Damaskọs. Site na usoro gburugburu ebe obibi pụrụ iche, malite na Osimiri Barada, oghere ndụ ndụ na ahụike. ==== United Kingdom ==== Edepụtara usoro UK iji wepụta SDG zuru ụwa ọnụ na Agenda 2030: Nyefee ebumnuche zuru ụwa ọnụ, nke ngalaba maka mmepe mba ụwa mepụtara. Na 2019, netwọk Bond nyochara ọganihu UK zuru ụwa ọnụ na ebumnuche mmepe Sustainable Development (SDGs). Akụkọ nke Bond na-akọwapụta ọdịiche dị oke mkpa ebe a na-achọkarị nlebara anya na itinye ego. Ndị otu 49 na netwọk 14 na ndị otu na-arụ ọrụ chịkọtara akụkọ ahụ. == Hụkwa == * Nkwado == Ihe odide == == Njikọ mpụga ==  {{offline|med}} * [http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdgs UN Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform - SDGs] * "[http://www.globalgoals.org Ihe mgbaru ọsọ zuru ụwa ọnụ]" Mgbasa ozi na SDGs nke Project Everyone bipụtara * [https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/indicators/database/ Global SDG Indicators Database nke United Nations] * SDG-Tracker.org - Nnyocha anya nke ọganihu na SDGs * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230605094157/https://sdg-pathfinder.org/ SDG Pathfinder] - Nyochaa ọdịnaya na SDGs site na ụlọ ọrụ mba isii (nke OECD kwadoro) {{Sustainable Development Goals}}{{Sustainability}}{{Poverty}}{{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7bzoe8ob0ye63p1sx95p2bwf9l6y8ld 0 32357 638102 621395 2026-05-16T14:56:14Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638102 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Vulcan Energy Resources bụ onye na-emepụta lithium na [[Ike mmeghari ohuru|ike na-agbanwe agbanwe]], ọkachamara na mmepụta nke lithium na akara carbon efu. Ebumnuche ụlọ ọrụ ahụ kwuru bụ iwepụ carbon na mgbanwe gaa na njem eletrik site na ọrụ Zero Carbon LithiumTM. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Zero Carbon Lithium™|url=https://v-er.eu/de/zero-carbon-lithium-de/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=Vulcan Energy Resources|language=de-DE|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113151122/https://v-er.eu/de/zero-carbon-lithium-de/}}</ref>Site n'iji nnukwu ebe lithium dị na Europe, nke dị na mmiri nke Upper Rhine Valley nke [[Jémanị|Germany]], Vulcan nwere ike ịmepụta lithium na-enweghị iji ọdọ mmiri ma ọ bụ igwu ala. <ref>{{Cite web|author=GeoEnergy|first=Think|date=2021-12-27|title=Sustainable geothermal lithium deposits in the Upper Rhine Graben|url=https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/sustainable-geothermal-lithium-deposits-in-the-upper-rhine-graben/|accessdate=2023-01-13|language=en-US}}</ref>Vulcan Group emepụtawokwa usoro iji mepụta lithium na net zero carbon emissions site na iji ike geothermal, na-akwado ebumnuche nke cross-industrial decarbonisation.<ref>{{Cite web|author=baltind|date=2022-02-01|title=Vulcan is sturdily moving towards Zero Carbon Lithium production|url=https://bindustry.eu/vulcan-is-sturdily-moving-towards-zero-carbon-lithium-production/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=BALTIC INDUSTRY|language=en-GB|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113151122/https://bindustry.eu/vulcan-is-sturdily-moving-towards-zero-carbon-lithium-production/}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == === 2018: Ntọala na Ọnụ Ụzọ Ahịa === Vulcan Energy tọrọ ntọala na 2018 site n'aka ndị ọkà mmụta ala Dr. Francis Wedin, onye na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a dị ka onye isi nchịkwa na Onye isi oche, na Dr. Horst Kreuter. Wedin malitere ọrụ ya na ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta akụ̀ ndị dị n'Australia wee malite ịchọpụta ụzọ isi gwuo lithium site na iji ihe ndị na-egbochi gburugburu ebe obibi na 2014. Kreuter, onye Germany, anọwo na-emepe ma na-etinye n'ọrụ geothermal gburugburu ụwa ruo ihe karịrị afọ 20. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-05-31|title=Dr. Horst Kreuter: Managing Director bei Vulcan Energie Ressourcen GmbH|url=https://www.ams-kongress.de/horst-kreuter/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=auto motor und sport|language=de|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113154411/https://www.ams-kongress.de/horst-kreuter/}}</ref>Na June 2018, Vulcan Energy Resources pụtara n'ihu ọha na ahịa ahịa [[Ostraliya|Australia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=VUL share price and company information for ASX:VUL|url=https://www2.asx.com.au/content/asx/company.vul.html|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=Australian Securities Exchange|language=en-US}}</ref> === 2019-2021: Nnyocha Mbụ na Nkwekọrịta Ịzụta === Mgbe afọ abụọ nke nyocha mbụ gasịrị, na Febụwarị 2021 ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ Minviro mere Nnyocha nke ndụ site na nwa ruo n'ili (LCA) na mmepụta Vulcan nke lithium hydroxide monohydrate (LHM) site na ọrụ na usoro data mepụtara na ọkwa nyocha tupu. <ref>{{Cite web|author=C.Gausler|date=2021-08-05|title=04.08.2021 Vulcan Energy: Industry-leading Life Cycle Assessment results|url=https://small-microcap.eu/04-08-2021-vulcan-energy-industry/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=Small- and MicroCap Equity|language=de-DE|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113154402/https://small-microcap.eu/04-08-2021-vulcan-energy-industry/}}</ref>A tụlere ụdị mmetụta ise dị iche iche: ikike [[Okpomọkụ gburugburu ụwa|okpomọkụ ụwa]], ikike acid, ikike eutrophication, ojiji mmiri, na ojiji ala. Nsonaazụ nke LCA na-eme atụmatụ na ngụkọta .9 ton nke CO na-adịghị mma na ton nke LHM mepụtara site na Vulcan's Zero Carbon Lithium Project, gụnyere oke 1, 2, na 3 emissions. <ref>{{Cite web|author=C.Gausler|date=2021-08-05|title=04.08.2021 Vulcan Energy: Industry-leading Life Cycle Assessment results|url=https://small-microcap.eu/04-08-2021-vulcan-energy-industry/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=Small- and MicroCap Equity|language=de-DE|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113154402/https://small-microcap.eu/04-08-2021-vulcan-energy-industry/}}</ref>Nke a bụ nyocha nke mbụ n'ụwa na nyocha gburugburu ebe obibi zuru ụwa ọnụ nke mmepụta lithium hydroxide monohydrate (LHM).<ref>{{Cite web|author=C.Gausler|date=2021-08-05|title=04.08.2021 Vulcan Energy: Industry-leading Life Cycle Assessment results|url=https://small-microcap.eu/04-08-2021-vulcan-energy-industry/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=Small- and MicroCap Equity|language=de-DE|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113154402/https://small-microcap.eu/04-08-2021-vulcan-energy-industry/}}</ref> N'afọ , Vulcan malitere imekọ ihe ọnụ na ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ihe na-enye ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-ahụkarị lithium na ihe ngwọta CO zuru oke maka Zero Carbon LithiumTM gafee Batrị lithium-ion na ihe na-eweta ụgbọala eletrik na Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Our Blockchain & AI Solutions|url=https://www.circulor.com/solutions|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=Circulor|language=en}}</ref> Kemgbe Eprel 2021, Vulcan na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ nnwale na Landau iji mee ka usoro mwepụta lithium ha, nke a nwalere na [[South Amerika|South America]], kwekọọ na njirimara nke mmiri ọkụ sitere na Upper Rhine Valley. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-07-28|title=Quarterly Activities Report— Vulcan Energy Resources|url=https://www.listcorp.com/asx/vul/vulcan-energy-resources-limited/news/quarterly-activities-report-2739779.html|work=Listcorp}}</ref>N'ọnwa Eprel 2021, Vulcan nwetakwara Geothermal Engineering GmbH na gec-co Global Engineering & Consulting iji rụọ ọrụ ike geothermal ha na usoro okpomọkụ na ịjụ oyi. <ref>https://www.investi.com.au/api/announcements/vul/dd8ec0ca-849.pdf</ref>Na Septemba 2021, e mere ka ndị na-emepụta ụgbọala na batrị nweta ihe nlele mbụ nke lithium hydroxide site na ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nnwale.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vulcan Energy produces first battery-quality lithium hydroxide from Zero Carbon Lithium pilot operations|url=https://www.greencarcongress.com/2021/09/20210927-vulcan.html|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=Green Car Congress}}</ref> Vulcan bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ịzụta mbụ ya maka nnyefe lithium nye ndị na-emepụta batrị na ụgbọala eletrik na 2021. Renault Group jikọtara aka na Vulcan Energy n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2021 iji bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta maka afọ ise nke lithium, na ụbọchị nnyefe a na-eme atụmatụ na 2026. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Staff Writer|date=2021-08-02|title=Renault Group Secures Lithium Supply With Partners Vulcan Energy in Five Year Deal|url=https://archive.autofutures.tv/2021/08/02/renault-group-secures-lithium-supply-with-partners-vulcan-energy-in-five-year-deal/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=Auto Futures|language=en-GB|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113154401/https://archive.autofutures.tv/2021/08/02/renault-group-secures-lithium-supply-with-partners-vulcan-energy-in-five-year-deal/}}</ref>Umicore, onye ọkachamara batrị cathode nke [[Belgium]], na Vulcan bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nnyefe ogologo oge n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2021, nke ga-amalite na 2025 na oge mbụ nke afọ ise. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Umicore signs long-term sustainable lithium contracts with Ganfeng and Vulcan|url=https://www.umicore.com/en/umicore-signs-long-term-sustainable-lithium-contracts-with-ganfeng-and-vulcan/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=www.umicore.com|language=en|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113154401/https://www.umicore.com/en/umicore-signs-long-term-sustainable-lithium-contracts-with-ganfeng-and-vulcan/}}</ref>N'ọnwa Nọvemba 2021, Stellantis na Vulcan kwupụtara nkwekọrịta na-ejikọta maka Vulcan iji nye batrị lithium hydroxide na Europe maka ụgbọala eletrik site na 2026. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Stellantis Signs Lithium Supply Agreement with Vulcan Energy {{!}} Stellantis|url=https://www.stellantis.com/en/news/press-releases/2021/november/stellantis-signs-lithium-supply-agreement-with-vulcan-energy|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=www.stellantis.com|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113154405/https://www.stellantis.com/en/news/press-releases/2021/november/stellantis-signs-lithium-supply-agreement-with-vulcan-energy}}</ref>N'ikpeazụ, na Disemba 2021, otu Vulcan bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nke na Volkswagen maka lithium, nke a ga-eweta site na 2026 gaa n'ihu n'ime oge mbụ nke afọ ise.<ref>{{Cite news|author=((Reuters))|date=2021-12-08|title=Lithium extraction company Vulcan adds VW to customer line-up|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/lithium-extraction-company-vulcan-adds-vw-customer-line-up-2021-12-08/|accessdate=2023-01-13}}</ref> === 2022-2024: Mgbasawanye nke ọrụ === ==== Okpomọkụ ala ==== Vulcan nwetara ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik ọhụrụ na Insheim na Jenụwarị 2022, tinyere inweta nkwekọrịta nkewa site na ụlọ ọrụ geothermal ha dị na Landau. <ref>{{Cite web|author=NNR|date=2021-12-10|title=Vulcan acquires geothermal renewable energy plant in Germany|url=https://newsnreleases.com/2021/12/10/vulcan-acquires-geothermal-renewable-energy-plant-in-germany/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=NewsnReleases|language=en-US}}</ref>Nchịkọta ahụ mere ka alaka ala nke Vulcan, Natliche Insheim, malite ị nweta ego dị ka onye na-emepụta ike ala, na-enweta € 1.7 nde na Machị 2022. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-04-28|title=Quarterly Activities Report— Vulcan Energy Resources|url=https://www.listcorp.com/asx/vul/vulcan-energy-resources-limited/news/quarterly-activities-report-2701322.html|work=Listcorp}}</ref>N'ọnwa Eprel 2022, ụlọ ọrụ ike dị na Mannheim bụ MVV na Vulcan Energy bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ịzụta afọ 20 maka okpomọkụ na-agbanwe agbanwe, ebe Vulcan kwetara inye MVV 240-350 gigawatt awa nke okpomọkụ a na-agbatị kwa afọ site na 2025 gaa n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite web|author=AG|first=MVV Energie|title=MVV und Vulcan Energie kooperieren für klimaneutrale Wärme in Mannheim|url=https://www.mvv.de/journalisten/pressemitteilungen/detail/mvv-und-vulcan-energie-kooperieren-fuer-klimaneutrale-waerme-in-mannheim|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=MVV Energie AG|language=de-DE}}</ref> ==== Nnyocha Lithium ==== Na Jenụwarị 2022, Vulcan nwetara ikikere nyocha ise na Germany maka mmepe nke mpaghara ọhụrụ nwere ike maka ike geothermal na mmepụta lithium na-enweghị CO2 na Upper Rhine Valley. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-04|title=Lithium miner Vulcan gets five more exploration licenses in Germany|url=https://europe.autonews.com/suppliers/lithium-miner-vulcan-gets-five-more-exploration-licenses-germany|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=Automotive News Europe|language=en}}</ref>N'oge na-adịghị anya, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwetara ikike n'aka gọọmentị [[Italy|Ịtali]] iji nyochaa mpaghara Cesano geothermal dị nso na Rom. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Vulcan Energy granted research permit in Italy for potential integrated geothermal energy/lithium production site|url=https://www.greencarcongress.com/2022/01/20220124-vulcan.html|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=Green Car Congress|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113154401/https://www.greencarcongress.com/2022/01/20220124-vulcan.html}}</ref>Na nzaghachi, ENEL Green Power na Vulcan bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta dịgasị iche iche na July 2022 iji mee nchọpụta lithium jikọrọ aka na saịtị Cesano. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Enel Green Power and Vulcan Energy join forces on geothermal lithium projects|url=https://www.enelgreenpower.com/media/press/2022/07/enel-green-power-vulcan-energy-join-forces-geothermal-lithium-projects|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=www.enelgreenpower.com|language=en}}</ref>N'ọnwa Nọvemba 2022, Vulcan kwupụtara atụmatụ ịzụlite ebe nyocha ndị ọzọ na Alsace, n'akụkụ French nke Upper Rhine Valley. Iji mezuo nke a, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ etinyela akwụkwọ maka ikike nyocha mbụ ma guzobe ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka French, Vulcan Energy [[France]] (VEF), nwere alaka ụlọ ọrụ na Haguenau.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vulcan expands lithium project in France - electrive.com|url=https://www.electrive.com/2022/11/07/vulcan-expands-lithium-project-in-france/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=www.electrive.com/|language=en-US}}</ref> ==== Ụlọ nyocha na mmepe ngwaahịa ==== Vulcan meghere ụlọ nyocha ọhụrụ na Karlsruhe-Durlach na Febụwarị 2022, maka ebumnuche nke ịgbasa ikike nyocha nke ngalaba lithium ha.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Munzert|first=Evelyn|date=2022-02-25|title=New opening of laboratory in Karlsruhe-Durlach for {{CO2}}-free lithium|url=https://industry24h.com/new-opening-of-laboratory-in-karlsruhe-durlach-for-co2-free-lithium/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=INDUSTRY24h|language=en-US}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ kemịkal Nobian na Vulcan kwupụtara ọrụ iji wuo ụlọ nrụpụta lithium na Höchst Industrial Park na Frankfurt, nke dị nso na saịtị ndị e ji rụọ ọrụ Vulcan's Zero Carbon LithiumTM. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Nobian and Vulcan sign agreement for unique lithium project to supply European EV-battery production|url=https://www.nobian.com/en/news/nobian-and-vulcan-sign-agreement-for-unique-lithium-project-in-germany|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=www.nobian.com|archivedate=2023-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113154400/https://www.nobian.com/en/news/nobian-and-vulcan-sign-agreement-for-unique-lithium-project-in-germany}}</ref>Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ga-eji electrolysers nke Nobian gbanwee lithium chloride e wepụtara na lithium hydroxide dị elu. Site na usoro electrolysis, Vulcan nwere ike ịmepụta lithium hydroxide na ogo dị ọcha nke 57.1%, na-agafe nkọwapụta 56.5% nke ndị na-emepụta batrị setịpụrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Vulcan produces highest grade, lowest impurity lithium hydroxide to date from Zero Carbon Lithium™ Project – Energy Northern Perspective|url=https://energynorthern.com/2022/10/25/vulcan-produces-highest-grade-lowest-impurity-lithium-hydroxide-to-date-from-zero-carbon-lithium-project/|accessdate=2023-01-13|language=en-GB|archivedate=2022-10-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025155042/https://energynorthern.com/2022/10/25/vulcan-produces-highest-grade-lowest-impurity-lithium-hydroxide-to-date-from-zero-carbon-lithium-project/}}</ref>Maka usoro a, Vulcan mepụtara sorbent ọhụrụ, nke mejupụtara lithium chloride aluminate. Na ụlọ ọrụ nnwale, sorbent gosipụtara arụmọrụ dị elu karịa nhọrọ ndị dị na ahịa, yana mmiri dị ala.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Burkley|first=Marilyn|date=2023-01-02|title=Vulcan to use new lithium extraction sorbent at brine resource in Germany|url=https://chargedevs.com/newswire/vulcan-to-use-new-lithium-extraction-sorbent-at-brine-resource-in-germany/|accessdate=2023-01-13|work=Charged EVs|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Wiki activate SDG]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jlq8nv3kgnwh0cgyh62ppaals0qaggr 0 32623 638165 138467 2026-05-17T06:43:26Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Judith Grace Pordon''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1954) bụ onye America na-ede uri, onye edemede, na onye nchịkọta uri. Isi okwu dị n'abụ uri ya bụ: ahụmịhe ọdịbendị dị iche iche, ememe nke ụdị ịhụnanya dị iche iche na nsogbu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. Ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ ya ndị a ma ama gụnyere, How Will You Kiss?''Olee otú ị ga-esi susuo ọnụ?'', ''Ọgwụgwụ'', na N'elu Usoro Nri Mana N'okpuru Usoro. == Ndụ == A mụrụ Judith Grace Pordon na Atlanta, [[Jorjiạ (state)|Georgia]]. Nne ya, Eleanor Haggett Pordon, hapụrụ ọrụ nchịkwa na nke sayensị na kemịkalụ iji zụlite ụmụ ya ma bụrụ onye isi muse Judith.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.geni.com/people/Eleanor-Pordon/6000000039690754529|title=Eleanor Grace Pordon|work=geni_family_tree|language=en-US|accessdate=2018-06-21}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ ise, ezinụlọ ya si Georgia kwaga Boston. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Concord, Massachusetts, blocks ole na ole site na Thoreau's Walden Pond. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na New College of California na 1978. == Abụ uri == Abụ mbụ ya, na 1970s na 1980s, nyochara isiokwu dị iche iche gụnyere mmekọrịta ya na okike, na nkatọ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. N'afọ ndị 1990, ọ biri na [[Hawaii]] ma kwusiri ike na omenala dị iche iche pụtara n'ọrụ ya. Ọ bụ Aemilia Laracuen, onye na-ese ihe na onye isi nke onye na-ede uri Robert Graves, mere ya enyi ma duzie ya, onye gbara ya ume ịchọ mbipụta. Mgbe o dechara uri ruo afọ 30, ọ malitere itinye ọrụ ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ. N'afọ mbụ ya, e bipụtara ọrụ ya n'ihe karịrị akwụkwọ akụkọ iri abụọ na abụọ, gụnyere Chiron Review, Tulane Review, Writers Journal, Buffalo Bones, The Rockford Review, The Ledge, The Orange Willow Review, ''VLQ'', Black Bear Review, na The American Dissident. Akwụkwọ edemede dị ka Many Mountains Moving (na Spirituality), Comrades Anthology, ''The Austin International Poetry Festival Anthology'' (ma na 1999 na 2001) na Uno ebipụtala uri ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Uno|url=http://www.heelstone.com/pseudo.html|publisher=Astrophysicist's Tango Partner Speaks|accessdate=October 24, 2012}}</ref> E bipụtakwala ya n'ọtụtụ e-zines gụnyere The 2River View, Agnieska's Dowry, Stirring, Poetry Super Highway, Poetic Voices, Recursive Angel, ''ZeroZine'', Facets Magazine, Southern Ocean Review, na Verse Libre.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Judith Pordon: Armor of Amor|journal=The 2River View|date=Spring 2001|volume=5|issue=3|url=http://www.2river.org/2RView/5_3/poems/pordon01.html|accessdate=October 24, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Chubasco|url=http://asgp.org/agd-poems/hspoem7.html|work=Agnieszka's Dowry|publisher=A Small Garlic Press|accessdate=October 24, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Chris Limbach and Judith Pordon|url=http://poetrysuperhighway.com/ppa/ppa156.html|work=Poetry Super Highway|publisher=Rick Lupert|accessdate=October 24, 2012|archivedate=February 8, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208172430/http://poetrysuperhighway.com/ppa/ppa156.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Two Poems|url=http://www.book.co.nz/pordon.htm|publisher=Southern Ocean Review|accessdate=October 24, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119201815/http://www.book.co.nz/pordon.htm|archivedate=January 19, 2013}}</ref> E dechara ihe nkiri mbụ ya, sHe, n'afọ 1993. E dechara akwụkwọ uri mbụ ya, The Body Speaks, na 1999, e bipụtara nke abụọ ya, The Long Way Home, na 2002. Ọrụ ndị ga-eme n'ọdịnihu, ndị na-aga n'ihu ugbu a, gụnyere akwụkwọ gbasara ihe okike, ọtụtụ akwụkwọ uri, akụkọ ndụ onwe onye, na mmụba nke ihe nkiri ya n'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ. == Ọrụ na nkwanye ùgwù == N'afọ 2001, Andrew Levin nke Clemson University Music Department nyere ya iwu ka o dee okwu maka egwu egwu, Flourishing True nke emere n'oge oyi nke afọ 2002 na ncheta nke 10 nke Brooks Center na Mahadum Clemson. E depụtara ya na The Who's Who of American Women, na The Who-s Who of the World. == Onye nchịkọta uri == Kemgbe afọ 2001, ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke [n'ịntanetị nke mba ụwa na-ede uri] bụ ebe nrụọrụ weebụ a na-agụkarị na uri na-emegide agha, uri okike, uri nke ọnwụ na iru uju, uri ime mmụọ, ndị inyom na-ede abụ, na uri na Spanish. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Casa Poema - Famous Poems, New Poetry, Photos and Quotes|url=http://judithpordon.tripod.com/poetry/index.html|publisher=Judith Pordon|accessdate=October 14, 2012|archivedate=October 17, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017134844/http://judithpordon.tripod.com/poetry/index.html}}</ref>O nyere aka mee ka ọtụtụ ndị na-ede uri nke oge a gụnyere David Shumate, Lola Haskins, Quentin Huff, Susan Dane, Bill Mohr, Scott Wiggerman, Gaston Ng, na Marilyn Krysl bụrụ ndị a ma ama. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 22hsr06tg834hy4ngtg12fgtuno6b2q 0 33026 638093 136180 2026-05-16T14:15:25Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638093 wikitext text/x-wiki == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Ifedayo na Ondo City ma gụọ akwụkwọ na Government College, Ibadan . <ref>{{Cite web|title=OLADAPO Olawole Ifedayo {{!}} GCI Museum|url=http://www.gcimuseum.org/content/oladapo-olawole-ifedayo|work=www.gcimuseum.org|accessdate=2020-05-28|archivedate=2020-01-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131092805/http://gcimuseum.org/content/oladapo-olawole-ifedayo}}</ref> Ọ gara Mahadum Ibadan na 1954 wee gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nsọpụrụ ma mesịa nweta B.Sc. na injinia obodo site na Mahadum St. Andrews, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na First Class honours na 1959. O nwetara Ph.D na structural engineering na Mahadum Cambridge na 1962. == Ọrụ == <ref>{{Cite web|title=Prof. Ifedayo Olawole Oladapo – DAWN Commission|url=http://dawncommission.org/prof-ifedayo-olawole-oladapo/|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-05-26}}</ref> Ọ sonyeere onye bụbu Ostenfeld na Jonson ugbu a Cowi Consult wee nweta ahụmịhe bara uru dị ka injinia imewe.. Mgbe <ref>{{Cite news|title=GOODNIGHT, PROF. IFEDAYO OLADAPO|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/lifestyle/17917/goodnight-prof-ifedayo-oladapo.html|work=Nigerian Voice|accessdate=2020-05-28}}</ref> laghachiri Naịjirịa na 1963 iji malite ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ, ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na imepụta na iwu ọtụtụ ihe owuwu simenti na Lagos, gụnyere elu ụlọ simenti, Eko Bridge, na Third Mainland Bridge. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị mkpa n'iwu Benue River Bridge na Niger Bridge na Onitsha. N'afọ 1982, ọ ghọrọ osote onye isi oche mbụ nke Mahadum Ondo State, na-ejide ọnọdụ ahụ ruo afọ asatọ, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ọ malitere ọrụ na Mahadum Ahmadu Bello, Zaria dị ka onye nkuzi na ngalaba nke Injinia Civil n'etiti 1963 na 1964, tupu ọ kwaga Mahadum Lagos. Na Mahadum Lagos, ọ ghọrọ Onye nkuzi Ukwu ma mesịa bụrụ Onye nkuzi na 1970, Dean of Engineering Faculty. N'afọ 1971, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka osote onye isi mahadum n'agbata afọ 1977 na 1979. N'oge a, o chepụtara ụlọ mbụ nke ụlọ 32 nke e wuru na ogige mahadum n'oge nkwụsi ike na ndakpọ akụ na ụba zuru ụwa ọnụ. A matala ya maka onyinye dị ịrịba ama o nyere na ihe ọmụma na mpaghara ya nke ọkachamara, ya bụ, ihe owuwu. Ọrụ nyocha mbụ ya n'ọhịa a metụtara ihe onwunwe nke kọntaktị a na-etinye n'ọrụ na ọnụego dị iche iche. Ọrụ nyocha ya lekwasịrị anya na mkpebi nke ihe onwunwe nke simenti, mmekọrịta mmegharị - nkwonkwo na ibu kachasị nke ihe owuwu simenti. Nke a dugara ya n'ịmepụta echiche nke imepụta plastik maka ihe owuwu siri ike nke mesịrị mee ka "usoro imepụta steeti maka imepụta ihe owuwu". Ihe ndị a agụmakwụkwọ rụzuru mere ka a kpọọ ya ka ọ sonye na imewe na iwu ụfọdụ isi ihe owuwu na mba ahụ gụnyere Eko Bridge, Third Mainland Bridge. O nyekwara aka dị ukwuu n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke iwu ụlọ nke a malitere na Naịjirịa na 1970. Atụmatụ ya maka mgbanwe (iji dochie ụzọ iwu British eme ihe) ka nzukọ ọkọlọtọ nke Naijiria nabatara ma bụrụ ntọala nke "Nigeria Code of practice for structural concrete in Nigeria". nk<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thefuturenigeria.com/tag/ifedayo-oladapo/|title=Ifedayo Oladapo; NLNG Releases Hall of Fame for Science and Letters|date=24 August 2010|work=The Future Project|accessdate=1 May 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508030642/http://www.thefuturenigeria.com/tag/ifedayo-oladapo/|archivedate=8 May 2014}}</ref> e bipụtara na 1973. [1] == Edemede na akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ == Ọ bụ Prọfesọ Nleta, Mahadum nke Aalborg, Denmark, Mahadim nke Illinois, Urbana, USA, na 1967 <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://idnc.library.illinois.edu/cgi-bin/illinois?a=d&d=DIL19671216.2.25|work=Daily Illini|publisher=University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaigne Library|date=16 December 1967|accessdate=26 October 2014|title=Daily Illini 16 December 1967 — Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections}}</ref> na Prọfesụ Nleta Commonwealth na Mahadum Leeds, England na 1980/81. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IRHNFw2bmscC&q=ifedayo+Oladapo+Andrews&pg=PA192|title=IABSE – The First 80 years|author=Tom Frank Peters|isbn=978-3857-481-29-1|accessdate=26 October 2014|publisher=International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE)|year=2011}}</ref> rụrụ ọrụ na kansụl ndị isi nke International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE) [1] nke dị na Zurich. <ref>{{Cite web|work=Nigerian Academy of Engineering|url=http://www.nae.org.ng/fellows_profiles.asp?id=122|title=Engr. Prof. Ifedayo O. Oladapo, NNOM|accessdate=1 May 2014|archivedate=8 May 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508031126/http://www.nae.org.ng/fellows_profiles.asp?id=122}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye injinia mbụ onye Naijiria nwetara ihe nrite nturu ugo mba ahụ. [1] * 1954: Mahadum nke Ibadan * 1959: B.Sc., Civil Engineering, Mahadum nke St. Andrews * 1962: Ph.D., Structural Engineering, Christ College Cambridge * 1963-1964: Onye nkuzi na Mahadum Ahmadu Bello * 1971-1975: Dean nke Faculty of Engineering, Mahadum Lagos * 1977-1979: osote osote onye isi nke Mahadum Lagos * 1971-1997: osote onye isi oche nke International Association for Bridge and Structured Engineering, Zurich * 1987-1988; Onye isi oche nke Nigerian Academy of Science * 1995; Onye isi oche mbụ nke Nigeria Academy of Engineering * 1987-1989: Onye isi oche, Kọmitii nke osote onye isi nke Mahadum steeti Naịjirịa; * 1994-1998: Onye isi oche nke Council of Registered Engineers of Nigeria (COREN). * Onye ndụmọdụ na UNESCO na Injinia Education. == Nkwanye ugwu == * Okwu mmalite n'ime ụlọ nzukọ a ma ama maka Sayensị na teknụzụ dị na New York "maka onyinye pụrụ iche na ngalaba nke injinịa". * Onye otu Institute of Civil Engineers nke London * Onye ọrụ Order of Niger <ref>{{Cite news|work=The Guardian|url=http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/ngguardian/2002/nov/30/article17.html|author=Gowin Ijediogbor|title=I've Worked Hard... No Regrets – Prof Oladapo|accessdate=1 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/mobile/17917/1/goodnight-prof-ifedayo-oladapo.html|work=The Nigerian Voice|title=Goodnight Prof Ifedayo Oladapo|date=8 April 2010|accessdate=1 May 2014}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist|}} g9teqszv3vxoubbys21ykz1og08vvjf 0 34164 638187 190165 2026-05-17T11:40:37Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638187 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <ref>{{Cite web|author=Tv|first=Bn|date=2020-05-04|title=The First Teaser for Khris Burton's Nollywood Short Film "Insensible" is Here {{!}} WATCH|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/05/khris-burton-insensible-teaser/|accessdate=2023-06-08|work=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref>'''Christian Rodin''' nke a maara dị ka '''Khris Burton''' (amụrụ na Febụwarị 29, 1980 na French Guiana) bụ onye nduzi egwu Caribbean, ihe nkiri na azụmahịa. == Mbido ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Burton na French Guiana na Febụwarị 29, 1980. Ọ gara Ecole superieure de Realisation Audiovisuelle (ESRA) ebe ọ natara ọzụzụ na cinematography, TV Broadcasting, edemede na injinia ụda. Khris so n'òtù egwu ebe o dere, duzie ma rụọ ọrụ. N'afọ 2011, Société des auteurs, compositeurs et éditeurs de musique (SACEM), nyere ya ihe nrite maka vidiyo egwu ya "Treve de bavardages" nke ọ wepụtara n'afọ 2009. N'afọ 2015, Ihe nkiri ya dị mkpirikpi "Nanny" meriri People's Choice Award na Jury 2nd Commendation na mbipụta nke 10 nke Filminute . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Sci-fi streaming to premiere in Lagos - Daily Trust|url=https://dailytrust.com/sci-fi-streaming-to-premiere-in-lagos/|accessdate=2023-06-08|work=dailytrust.com|date=2 December 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Khris jere ozi dị ka onye nkuzi na Parallel 14 Academy, ụlọ akwụkwọ mbụ na-ahụ anya na Caribbean nke Saidou Bernabe na Yoane Pavade guzobere. Ihe nkiri ya dị mkpirikpi "Maybe Another Time" meriri People's Choice Award Top Rated na Jury 1st Commendations na mbipụta nke 8 nke Filminute. Ihe nkiri ya nwetakwara ihe nrite Best Narrative Ultra Short Award na Berlin International Film Festival. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-10-17|title=Filming kicks off for 'Sugar Rush' sequel|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/filming-kicks-off-for-sugar-rush-sequel/cfg6ew7|accessdate=2023-06-07|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en|archivedate=2023-06-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608191249/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/filming-kicks-off-for-sugar-rush-sequel/cfg6ew7}}</ref> na-emepụta ihe nkiri ya na-abịanụ, "Ins''ensible''". Ihe nkiri ya dị mkpirikpi S0.CI3.<ref name=":0"/> (2016), bụ otu n'ime ndị a họọrọ na Pan African Film Festival na 2017. [1] <ref>{{Cite web|author=NNN|date=2019-11-17|title=Nigerian Film corporation trains 130 youths on cinematography in FCT|url=https://nnn.ng/nigerian-film-corporation-trains-130-youths-on-cinematography-in-fct/|accessdate=2023-06-08|work=NNN|language=en|archivedate=2023-06-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608203634/https://nnn.ng/nigerian-film-corporation-trains-130-youths-on-cinematography-in-fct/}}</ref> bụ onye guzobere Darers Films, ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe nkiri nke dị na Martinique, yana HBK Motion Pictures na [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]. Khris Burton nwetara nnukwu ewu ewu mgbe otu nkeji mkpirikpi ya akpọrọ "Maybe Another Time" gbasara. == Ihe nkiri == * ''Nlekọta nwa (2015) '' * ''Ikekwe Oge Ọzọ (2013) '' * ''Calvary (2017) '' * ''Midnight Quarante (2014) '' * ''Enweghị mmetụta (2020) '' * ''Dọrọ ya (2017) '' * ''S0.CI3.TY (2017) - Ọ dị mkpirikpi'' == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] cqbizgwowadfuhlfqt3ykbsss53jq4z 0 34570 638089 515054 2026-05-16T12:54:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''[[w:Hussein Kamel Bahaeddin|Hussein Kamal Bahaeddin]]''' ({{Lang-ar|حسين كامل بهاء الدين}}, 18 Septemba 1932 – 29 Julaị 2016) bụ Ọkammụta nke [[w:Pediatrics | ahụike ụmụaka]] na onye minista mmụta n'etiti 1991 na 2004 . ===Akụkọ Ndụ Ya === ==== Mmalite Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ Ya ==== A mụrụ Hussein Kamel Bahaeddin na 18 Septemba 1932 na [[w:|Zagazig, Sharqia Governorate]], Ijipt,<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1983 |title=Imperato, Mansoor – II 35,17; architect – WW Saudi Arabia 1983 |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110976052.491/pdf |website=Degruyter|doi=10.1515/9783110976052.491 }}</ref><ref name="arabccd3" /> nye otu nne (Mona) onye si na Okpukpe Chineke banye Ọkpụkpe Alakuba n'afọ 1943 tupu o zute nna Bahaeddin (Kamel) na London.<ref>{{Cite web |title=كامل بهاء الدين: والدتي لم تكن يهودية.. وأدعو الخودية.. وأدعو الخودية. بالمغفرة - بوابة الثانوية العامة المصرية |url=https://thanwya.com/vb//showthread.php?t=315706 |nweta-date=30 Jenụwarị 2023 |webụsaịtị=thanwya.com |5=akwụkwọ akụkọ January 2 |Archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130154407/https://thanwya.com/vb//showthread.php?t=315706 |url-status=live |accessdate=2023-12-11 |archivedate=2023-01-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130154407/https://thanwya.com/vb//showthread.php?t=315706 }}</ref> Bahaeddin nwetara nzere B.Med ya n'isi ọmụmụ [[w:|Medicine and Surgery]] n'afọ 1954 wee nweta nzere PhD ya n'isi ọmụmụ mmụta ahụike ụmụaka site na [[w:|Mahadum Cairo]] n'afọ 1959.<ref>{{Cite web |last=فكرى |first=توفيق شعبان واميرة |date=29 July 2016 |title="التعليم" تنعى حسين كامل بهاء الدين وزير التعليم الأسبق |url=https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/1285303 |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=الوطن |language=ar |archive-date=30 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130154405/https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/1285303 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=agel |first=Khabr |title=توفى اليوم وزير التربية والتعليم السابق حسين كامل بهاء الدين بعد صراع طويل مع المرض |url=https://www.5br-3agel.com/2016/07/blog-post_77.html |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=خبر عاجل |date=29 July 2016 |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130154406/https://www.5br-3agel.com/2016/07/blog-post_77.html |url-status=live |accessdate=11 December 2023 |archivedate=30 January 2023 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130154406/https://www.5br-3agel.com/2016/07/blog-post_77.html }}</ref> N'afọ 1965, ọ ghọrọ odeakwụkwọ nke Òtù Ndị Ntorobịa Ijipt ruo 1968.<ref name="arabccd3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160817065835/http://www.arabccd.org/files/0000/580/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9%20%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%20%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%20%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84.pdf السيرة الذاتية] على موقع المجلس العربي للطفولة والتنمية. (وصلة بي دي إف) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817065835/http://www.arabccd.org/files/0000/580/السيرة%20الذاتية%20للدكتور%20حسين%20كامل.pdf|date=17 أغسطس 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2016 |title=شبكة إعلام المرأه العربية تنعى د. حسين كامل بهاء الدين |url=https://elbashayer.com/1336486/685625/ |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=جريدة البشاير |language=ar |archive-date=30 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130154406/https://elbashayer.com/1336486/685625/ |url-status=live |accessdate=11 December 2023 |archivedate=30 January 2023 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130154406/https://elbashayer.com/1336486/685625/ }}</ref> ==== Ọrụ Ya Na Ngalaba Ahụike ==== N'afọ 1962, Bahaeddin sonyeere ngalaba nke ọmụmụ ọgwụ, Mahadum Cairo dị ka onye nkuzi na, n'afọ 1973, a kwalitere ya ka ọ bụrụ ọkammụta nke ọgwụgwọ ụmụaka. Ọ weere ọkwa onye isi ngalaba na-ahụ maka ụmụaka na onye isi ụlọ ọgwụ ụmụaka dị na mahadum ọhụrụ n'etiti 1983 na 1991.<ref>{{Cite book |last=al-Thaqāfah |first=United Arab Republic Wizārat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eNZCl6TzYwIC&q=Hussein+Kamel+Bahaaeldin+-wikipedia |title=Cultural Register |date=1959 |language=en |access-date=30 January 2023 |archive-date=25 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325230700/https://books.google.com/books?id=eNZCl6TzYwIC&q=Hussein+Kamel+Bahaaeldin+-wikipedia |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m2BoIruuzkkC&q=Hussein+Kamel+Bahaaeldin+-wikipedia |title=The Cultural Yearbook |date=1959 |publisher=al Idarah al-ʼAmmah lil-Thaqafah. |language=en |access-date=30 January 2023 |archive-date=25 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325230731/https://books.google.com/books?id=m2BoIruuzkkC&q=Hussein+Kamel+Bahaaeldin+-wikipedia |url-status=live }}</ref> Bahaeddin bụụrụ onye òtù [[w:|Egyptian Scientific Academy]], n'afọ 1989 ọ weghaara onye isi oche nke Egypt Society of Paediatrics ruo afọ 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EPA 2015 |url=https://www.misr2000online.net/ConfDetails.aspx?id=38 |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=www.misr2000online.net |archive-date=30 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130145522/https://www.misr2000online.net/ConfDetails.aspx?id=38 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ [[w:|World Health Organization]] nyere ya ihe nrite ịbụ onye òtù [[w:|Child Health Foundation]] n'afọ 1989.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=Ndị nnata nke ezinụlọ Ihsan Doğramacı |url=http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/172518/1/EB95_SR-10_eng.pdf | nweta-date=20 Jenụwarị 2023 | Archive-date=25 Maachị 2023 | Archive-url=https : //web.archive.org/web/20230325230239/engyle = 3312a30ab-ab20ab20ab20AB20AB2AA1AB2AA1AB2AA1AB20AB20AB20AB20AB20AB20AB2AAA1AB2AA1AB2AA1AB201AB2AA1AB2AA1AB201AB2AA1AB2AA1AB201AB2AB20ab2ab2ab2aab201AB2AA? 1 | UR l-onodu =dị ndụ }}</ref> ==== Minister N'ahụ maka Agụmakwụkwọ ==== Bahaeddin jere ozi dị ka [[w:Mimister of Education (Egypt) | Minista n'ahụ maka Agụmakwụkwọ]] nke Ijipt n'etiti 1991 na 2004.<ref name="arabccd3" /> N'oge ọchịchị ya, ọ gbatịpụrụ agụmakwụkwọ dị n'iwu ruo afọ isii,<ref name =":1" /> machibidokwa [[w:School corporal punishment | ntaramahụhụ siri ike nke ụmụ akwụkwọ]], ọbụna n'ụlọ akwụkwọ nkeonwe.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=30 Julaị 2021 |title=حكاية "بهاء الدين مع التعليم" {{!}} استمر 13 سنة وزيرا ومنع الضرب بالمدارس وابتكر "التحسين" |url=https://www.elbalad.news/4907456 | nweta-ụbọchị=230DỤDỤ | webụsaịtị 230 | ar-eg |archive-date=30 Jenụwarị 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130151733/https://www.elbalad.news/4907456 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite webụ | ikpeazụ=مبتدا |date=31 Julaị 2016 |title=حسين "التحسين" |url=https://www.elbalad.news/4907456 |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=صدى البلد |language=ar-eg |archive-date=30 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130151733/https://www.elbalad.news/4907456 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=مبتدا |date=31 July 2016 |title=حسين كامل بهاء الدين.. قرارات غيّرت شكل التعليم فى مصر |url=https://www.mobtada.com/cases/494990/%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%91%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%81%D9%89-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1 |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=www.mobtada.com |language=ar |archive-date=13 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113162256/https://www.mobtada.com/cases/494990/%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%91%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%81%D9%89-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=وفاة حسين كامل بهاء الدين وزير التعليم الأسبق |url=https://gate.ahram.org.eg/daily/News/191977/25/540193/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89/%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%82.aspx |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=الأهرام اليومي |language=ar |archive-date=30 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130151734/https://gate.ahram.org.eg/daily/News/191977/25/540193/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89/%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%82.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> Otú ọ dị, nnyocha e mere n'afọ 1998 chọpụtara na ndị nkụzi nọ na Ijipt na-eji ntaramahụhụ anụ ahụ na-enweghị usoro (ọ bụghị ezigbo ntaramahụhụ nkịtị) iji taa ahụhụ omume ha weere dị ka ihe na-adịghị mma. Ihe dị ka pasentị iri asatọ nke ụmụ nwoke na pasent iri isii nke ụmụ agbọghọ ka ndị nkuzi tara aka, osisi, eriri, akpụkpọ ụkwụ, ọkpọ, na igba dị ka ụzọ nchịkwa kachasị. Ndị a na-akọkarị merụọ ahụ bụ mgbakasị na [[w:contusions]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Youssef RM, Attia MS, Kamel MI |last2=Attia |last3=Kamel |date=October 1998 |title=Children experiencing violence. II: Prevalence and determinants of corporal punishment in schools |journal=Child Abuse Negl |volume=22 |issue=10 |pages=975–85 |doi=10.1016/S0145-2134(98)00084-2 |pmid=9793720}}</ref> Bahaeddin ewepụtaghị ọnụ ọgụgụ ule mbata mahadum, nke bụbu naanị otu. O kwenyere na [[w:Poverty in Egypt | ịda ogbenye]] na erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ na-akpata agụmakwụkwọ dị ala na ọkwa nke ụmụ akwụkwọ, nke a ga-eme, nke mbụ, wepụ egwu nke National Secondary Exam, na nke abụọ, A ga-akwụ ụgwọ nwa akwụkwọ na-enwetaghị nkuzi nkeonwe n'ihi na "nkwugharị na-eme ka ọ dị mma". Agbanyeghị, ịmegharị ule ahụ chọrọ ịkwụ ụgwọ ụgwọ ule.<ref>{{Cite web |title=حسين كامل بهاء الدين.. 50 عاماً بين السياسة والتعليم |url=https://darelhilal.com/News/708349.aspx |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=دار الهلال |language=ar-eg |archive-date=30 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130152550/https://darelhilal.com/News/708349.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> N'afọ 1994, Bahaeddin nwara ime iwu nke ga-amachibido ụmụ agbọghọ ụlọ akwụkwọ iyi [[w:|hijab]] ọ gwụla ma ndị mụrụ ha edere akwụkwọ ozi nye ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Silver |first=Vernon | ụbọchị = 30 June 1996 | aha = N'ụlọ akwụkwọ Egypt, Ejiji Bụ Ọchịchị | asụsụ = en-US | ọrụ = New York Times | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1996/06/30/archives/in -egypts-schools-fashion-bụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.html | nweta-date=30 Jenụarị 2023 |issn=0362-4331 | Archive-date=30 Jenụwarị 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web /20230130140210/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/06/30/archives/in-egypts-schools-fashion-is-politics.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Òtù ọ dị, ewepụrụ iwu ahụ n'ihi mkpesa ọha na eze maka nha dị na ya, bụ nke a hụrụ dị ka akụkụ nke mgbasa ozi a na-ahazi megide ndị okpukpe Alakuba na [[w:|Ụmụnna ndị Muslim n'Egypt]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 Septemba 1994 |title= Mgbanwe Scarf |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/scarf-reversal-1449258.html | nweta-date=30 Jenụarị 2023 | webụsaịtị = The Independent | asụsụ = en | Archive-ụbọchị = 30 Jenụarị 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130140210/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/scarf-reversal-1449258.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Egypt: Ọgụgụ n'etiti "Akara Uhie": V. Mmegide Ọchịchị |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/2005/egypt0605/6. htm#_ftnref279 | nweta-ụbọchị = 30 Jenụwarị 2023 | webụsaịtị = www.hrw.org | Archive-date=30 Jenụwarị 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130142813/https:// www.hrw.org/reports/2005/egypt0605/6.htm#_ftnref279 |url-status=live }}</ref> N'afọ 1998, Bahaeddin nyere iwu nke ga-ata nwa akwụkwọ ọ bụla a nwapụtara na ya wakporo onye nkuzi na ịchụpụ ya n'ikpeazụ.<ref>{{Cite web |title=بشأن منع العنف فى المدارس. |url=http://site.eastlaws.com/GeneralSearch/Home/ArticlesTDetails?MasterID=38334&related |nweta-date=30 Jenụarị 2023 |webụsaịtị=site.eastlaws.com |Archive-date=30 Jenụwarị 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130154406/http://site.eastlaws.com/GeneralSearch/Home/ArticlesTDetails?MasterID=38334&related |url-status=live |accessdate=2023-12-12 |archivedate=2023-01-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130154406/http://site.eastlaws.com/GeneralSearch/Home/ArticlesTDetails?MasterID=38334&related }}</ref> Bahaeddin na-ekwukarị banyere ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na mkpa ọ dị ịkwado ndị nkuzi n'itinye ụmụ akwụkwọ n'omume ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya karịa. Otu ogbako maka iji ngwa ochichi onye kwuo uche ya na klaasị bụ Group for Democratic Development (GDD) mere na 1999 maka ndị nkuzi Upper-Egypt. Mịnịstrị na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ nwetara ihe nchoputa nke GDD na onyinye iji nyere ha aka na oge ọzụzụ yana ihe ha chọpụtara. N'ikpeazụ, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị bịara ogbako iri atọ mere na Ụlọ Ọrụ Nchebe Obodo ruo awa iri abụọ na anọ. Ministri agụmakwụkwọ gbochiri ụbọchị iri na ise nke ụgwọ onye so na ya na-akwụ kwa ọnwa ma bo ha ebubo na ha na-akụzi [[w:LGBT rights in Egypt | nwoke idina nwoke]] na [[w:Religion in Egypt | ekweghị na Chineke].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stacher] | nke mbụ = Joshua A. | aha = Ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na Fang na Claws na mmetụta ya na omenala ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ijipt | ụbọchị = 2001 | url = https://www.jstor.org/stable/41858384 | akwụkwọ akụkọ = Ọmụmụ Arab nke nkeji nkeji | mpịakọta =23 | mbipụta = 3 | ibe = 83–99 |jstor=41858384 |issn=0271-3519 | nweta-date=30 Jenụwarị 2023 | Archive-date=30 Jenụwarị 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive .org/web/20230130141443/https://www.jstor.org/stable/41858384 |url-status=live }}</ref> N'afọ 2003, Bahaeddin gbachitere ikike gọọmentị na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ site n'imesi ike na ime nke a ga-egbochii [[w:enculturation]] na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya' ma kwalite nkwekọ nke mba,<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2012 |title=Agụmakwụkwọ na Egypt: Isi ihe ịma aka |url=https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/Research/Middle%20East/0312egyptedu_background.pdf |website=Chatham House | nweta-ụbọchị =30 Jenụarị 2023 | ụbọchị-edebe ihe = 10 Eprel 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220410201808/https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/Research/Middle%20East/0312egyptedu_background.pdf | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":0" /> ka ndị agha, akụ na ụba, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị niile nwere oke na agụmakwụkwọ dịka ihe gbasara nchekwa obodo.<ref>{{Cite journal | ikpeazụ1=Zaki Ewiss |nke mbụ1=M.A. | ikpeazụ2 = Abdelgawad | first2 = Fatma | ikpeazụ3 = Elgendy | first3 = Azza | ụbọchị = 1 Jenụwarị 2019 | aha = Amụma agụmakwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ na Egypt: echiche nyocha ọha | url = https://doi.org/10.1108/JHASS-05 -2019-004 | akwụkwọ akụkọ = Journal of Humanities and Applied Social Sciences | mpịakọta = 1 | mbipụta = 1 | ibe = 55–68 | doi = 10.1108 / JHASS-05-2019-004 | s2cid = 199299225 |issn=26X32-27 | nweta-ụbọchị = 30 Jenụarị 2023 | archive-date=25 Maachị 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325230704/https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi /10.1108/JHASS-05-2019-004/full/html |url-status=live |doi-access=free }}</ref> Agbanyeghị, na-esochi [[2011 Egypt revolution]], Ministry of Education wepụrụ ihe karịrị Pasent 20 nke [[ihe nkuzi]] nke lekwasịrị anya na mmezu na ihe nketa nke a gbasasịrị [[National Democratic Party (Egypt)|National Democratic Party]] (NDP) sitere na usoro ọmụmụ mba.<ref name=":0 "> {{Cite webụ | ikpeazụ = Caravan | nke mbụ = | ụbọchị = 4 Disemba 2016 | aha = Amaghị akwụkwọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụkọ akụkọ nke steeti na-akwado |url=https://www.auccaravan.com/?p=4450 | ohere-ụbọchị = 30 Jenụwarị 2023 | weebụsaịtị = The Caravan | asụsụ = en-US | archive-date = 30 Jenụwarị 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230130141445/https://www.auccaravan.com/?p=4450 |url-status=ndụ}}</ref> N'afọ 2004, Ministry Agụmakwụkwọ chụrụ ọtụtụ ndị nkuzi nke oboro ebubo na ha nwere nkwado Islam na Muslim Brotherhood n'ọrụ. Emere mkpebi a ka enwetara ozi sitere n'aka ndị njikwa ministri na ndị ọrụ nchekwa, yana mkpesa sitere n'aka nne na nna ụmụ akwụkwọ ahụ. Dị ka otu akụkọ dị na '''[[Gulf News]]''', e meghị mkpebi ahụ na mmeghachi omume na [[w:Agha na ụjọ | Ọchịchọ US]] maka mgbanwe nke ga-ewepụ ọnọdụ ihu igwe nke Washington weere dị ka inye aka ịzụlite iyi ọha egwu."<ref>{{Cite web |title= Egypt chụrụ ndị nkuzi dabere na akụkọ nchekwa |url=https://gulfnews.com/world/mena/egypt-dismisses-teachers-based-on-security-reports-1.317408 | nweta-ụbọchị = 30 Jenụwarị 2023 | webụsaịtị = gulfnews.com | ụbọchị = 25 Maachị 2004 | asụsụ = en | archive-date = 30 Jenụwarị 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230130140212 /https://gulfnews.com/world/mena/egypt-dismisses-teachers-based-on-security-reports-1.317408 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite webụ |date= 2 Maachị 2004 | aha = Egypt ji atụmatụ nke ya weghachi azụ: atụmatụ US maka Middle East |url=http://beta.dawn.com/news/352640/egypt-hits-back-with-its-own-proposal- us-plan-for-middle-east | nweta-ụbọchị = 30 Jenụarị 2023 | webụsaịtị = DAWN.COM | asụsụ = en | Archive-date = 25 Maachị 2023 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/ web/20230325230705/https://www.dawn.com/news/352640/egypt-hits-back-with-its-own-proposal-us-plan-for-middle-east |url-status=live }}</ref> Mgbanwe ndị a ruru n'ókè nke iwepụ Quran ic amaokwu na [[w:Hadith|okwu]] nke [[w:Muhammad|Prophet Mohammed]] na akwụkwọ dị ka akụkụ nke "New Basic Education Bilateral Agreement." na US nke ga-enye nde [[w:US dollar | USD]] iri isii na anọ. [[United States Agency for International Development]] (USAID) enyela Egypt ihe karịrị nde dọla narị asaa na iri isii na ise ($765m) kemgbe afọ 1975.<ref>{{Cite news | last=Manzo |first=Kathleen Kennedy |date=21 April 2004 |title= A na-ahụ akwụkwọ ọgụgụ ndị Alakụba ka enweghị nnabata | asụsụ = en | ọrụ = izu agụmakwụkwọ | url = https://www.edweek.org/education/muslim-textbooks-seen-as-intolerant/2004/04 | nweta-date=30 Jenụwarị 2023 |issn=0277-4232 |archive-date=30 Jenụwarị 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130140220/https://www.edweek.org/education/muslim-textbooks-seen -as-intolerant/2004/04 |url-status=ebi ndụ }}</ref> Na 9 Julaị 2004, [[w:Ahmed Gamal El-Din Moussa]] nọchiri Bahaeddin dị ka onye minista mmụta ọhụrụ, na-eso ngbanwe ọkwa nke Prime Minister [[w:Ahmed Nazif]] duziri .<ref name="cabinet">{ {cite webụ | ụbọchị = 16 Julaị 2004 | aha = ndepụta ụlọ ọrụ Egypt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105051448/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-120102971.html |url-status= nwụrụ anwụ |archive-url=https:// web.archive.org/web/20121105051448/https://web.archive.org/web/20121105051448/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-120102971.html |archive-date=5 Nọvemba 2012 | nweta = 4 Disemba 2010 | onye mbipụta =[[MEED]]} }</ref> === Ndụ Onwe Onye na Ọnwụ Ya === Bahaeddin lụrụ Samiha Abdel Salam Soliman na 3 February 1966. Ọ nwụrụ na 29 Julaị 2016 mgbe ọ gbasịrị ya na ọrịa mgba na ọrịa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2016 |title=وفاة حسين كامل بهاء الدين وزير التعليم الأسبق |url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2016/7/29/%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%82/2821030 |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=اليوم السابع |language=ar |archive-date=24 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124184205/https://www.youm7.com/story/2016/7/29/%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%82/2821030 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2016 |title=وفاة حسين كامل بهاء الدين وزير التعليم الأسبق |url=https://www.nile.eg/%d9%88%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%88%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85 |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=النيل - قناة مصر الإخبارية |language=en |archive-date=30 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130151733/https://www.nile.eg/%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85 |url-status=live |accessdate=12 December 2023 |archivedate=30 January 2023 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130151733/https://www.nile.eg/%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85 }}</ref> === Ihe Nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù Ya === E nyere Bahaeddin ihe nrite onye òtù [[w:Ihsan Doğramacı Family Health Foundation|Ihsan Doğramacı Family Health Foundation]] n'afọ 1989.<ref name=":12" /> A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye òtù [[w:Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow|Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons]] nke Glasgow n'afọ 1993.<ref name="arabccd3" /> O nwetara akara ugo mmụta sayensị na [[w:|Mahadum Glasgow]], [[w:|Mahadum Hacettepe]] na [[w:|Mahadum East Anglia]] n'afọ 1997, nakwa na [[w:|St. Olaf College]] n'afọ 1999.<ref name="arabccd3" /> N'afọ 2006, Bahaeddin nwetara ùgwù [[w:Order of the Republic (Egypt)|Order of the Republic]] (Klas nke mbụ) nke Egypt.<ref name="arabccd3" /> N'afọ 2008, a họpụtara ya onye isi oche asọpụụrụ nke [[w:|International Society of Tropical Pediatrics]] nke ndụ ya niile. N'afọ 2009, ọ ghọrọ onye òtù [[w:|International Children's Institute (ICC)]], Ankara, ma bụrụ onye a họpụtara n'otu afọ ahụ dị ka onyeisi oche asọpụụrụ.<ref name="arabccd3" /> Hussein Kamel Bahaeddin Primary School na Alexandria ka akpọrọ aha ya mgbe ọ nwụchara <ref>{{Cite web |title=تليفون وعنوان مدرسة حسين كامل بهاء الدين الابتدائية, الظاهرية {{!}} مدارس حكومية {{!}} يلوبيدجز مصر |url=https://yellowpages.com.eg/ar/profile/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9/364067 |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=yellowpages.com.eg |archive-date=30 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130151736/https://yellowpages.com.eg/ar/profile/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9/364067 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=مدرسة حسين كامل بهاء الدين الابتدائية تجريبي |url=https://madaresegypt.com//ar/Item/15369/%25d9%2585%25d8%25af%25d8%25b1%25d8%25b3%25d8%25a9-%25d8%25ad%25d8%25b3%25d9%258a%25d9%2586-%25d9%2583%25d8%25a7%25d9%2585%25d9%2584-%25d8%25a8%25d9%2587%25d8%25a7%25d8%25a1-%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25af%25d9%258a%25d9%2586-%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25a7%25d8%25a8%25d8%25aa%25d8%25af%25d8%25a7%25d8%25a6%25d9%258a%25d8%25a9-%25d8%25aa%25d8%25ac%25d8%25b1%25d9%258a%25d8%25a8%25d9%258a |access-date=30 January 2023 |website=madaresegypt.com |archive-date=18 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718021854/http://madaresegypt.com/Ar/Item/15369/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A |url-status=live |accessdate=12 December 2023 |archivedate=18 July 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718021854/http://madaresegypt.com/Ar/Item/15369/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A }}</ref> === Edensibia === <references /> pdi52iwshav282y4tdcqorahx6qt5y8 0 39465 638141 156007 2026-05-16T23:52:02Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638141 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Janet Leslie Cooke''' (amụrụ na Julaị 23, 1954) bụ onye Amerika bụbu onye nta akụkọ. Ọ natara Pulitzer Prize na 1981 maka edemede edere maka Akwụkwọ akụkọ Washington Biputere . E mechara chọpụta na akụkọ ahụ bụ nke e chepụtara echepụta ma Cooke weghachiri Pulitzer, naanị onye na eme ya, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/panel-mulls-revoking-pulitzer/|title=Panel Mulls Revoking Pulitzer|work=[[CBS News]]|date=June 11, 2003|accessdate=April 3, 2016}}</ref> mgbe ọ kwetara na o chepụtara akụkọ. Kama nke ahụ, e nyere Teresa Carpenter Pulitzer, onye a họpụtara nke Cooke meriri. == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == Cooke tolitere n'ezinụlọ ndị Afri a Amerika nọ n'ọkwá dị elu na Toledo, Ohio.<ref name="Green"/><ref name="Dutka">{{Cite news|title=Janet Cooke's Life: The Picture-Perfect Tale : The Saga of the Pulitzer Prize Hoaxer Proves to Be a Big Lure to Hollywood--and the Ex-Reporter Resurfaces to Tell Her Story|author=Dutka, Elaine|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1996-05-28/entertainment/ca-9096_1_janet-cooke|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=May 28, 1996|accessdate=January 18, 2013}}</ref> O kwuru na ịzụlite ya bụ ihe na-akpata nrụgide na nke siri ike, na nrụgide mgbe niile nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị ọcha ọ gara na nna ya, onye ọ kọwara dị ka onye na achị achị; n'ihi ya, o kwuru na ịgha ụgha ghọrọ "usoro ndụ" maka ya dị ka nwatakịrị.[2]<ref name="Kurtz">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1996/05/09/janet-cookes-untold-story/23151d68-3abd-449a-a053-d72793939d85/|title=Janet Cooke's Untold Story|date=May 9, 1996|author=Kurtz|first=Howard|work=[[The Washington Post]]|accessdate=December 27, 2022}}</ref> Ọ debanyere aha na Vassar College tupu ọ gaa Mahadum Toledo, ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ. Otú ọ dị, Cooke ga emecha kwuo na ọ natara nzere bachelọ ya na Vassar na nzere masta na Toledo.[1]<ref name="Green" /> N'afọ 1977, Cooke malitere ide akwụkwọ maka The Toledo Blade . Afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ọ gbara ajụjụ ọnụ maka ọnọdụ na Akwụkwọ akụkọ Washington Post, ma were ya n'ọrụ.<ref name="Green"/> Ọ sonyeere ndị ọrụ ngalaba "Weeklies" nke Biputere n'okpuru onye nchịkọta akụkọ Vivian Aplin-Brownlee na Jenụwarị 1980. N'ebe ahụ, ọ nwetara aha dị ka onye nta akụkọ na emepụta ihe na onye edemede siri ike, na etinye isiokwu 52 n'ime ọnwa asatọ mbụ ya. Aplin-Brownlee mechara kwuo na Cooke "na-enweghị isi na oké ọchịchọ".[1]<ref name="Green" /> == Akụkọ ọjọọ e chepụtara echepụta == N'isiokwu nke September 28, 1980 na Post, nke akpọrọ "Ụwa Jimmy", <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/09/28/jimmys-world/605f237a-7330-4a69-8433-b6da4c519120/|title=Jimmy's World|author=Cooke|first=Janet|date=September 28, 1980|work=Washington Post|accessdate=July 9, 2016}}</ref> Cooke kọwara ndụ a na eche na ọ bụ onye heroin riri ahụ dị afọ asatọ aha ya bụ Jimmy, kwuru na ọ bụ aha nzuzo. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Collection: Charles Seib papers {{!}} Archival Collections|url=https://archives.lib.umd.edu/repositories/2/resources/1079|accessdate=February 11, 2021|work=archives.lib.umd.edu}}</ref> O dere banyere "akara agbụ ígwè na emetụta akpụkpọ ahụ dị nro nke aka ya dị gịrịgịrị, nke na-acha nchara nchara", ma kwuo na ọ hụla ihe omume nke ọgwụ heroin, na-akọwa ha n'ụzọ zuru ezu.<ref name="Green">Bill Green, [[ombudsman]] (April 19, 1981), [https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1981/04/19/the-players-it-wasnt-a-game/545f7157-5228-47b6-8959-fcfcfa8f08eb/ "THE PLAYERS: It Wasn't a Game"], ''The Washington Post''</ref> Isiokwu ahụ mere ka ndị na-agụ ya nwee ọmịiko dị ukwuu, gụnyere Marion Barry, onye bụ onyeisi obodo [[Washington, D.C.]] n'oge ahụ. Ya na ndị ọrụ obodo ndị ọzọ haziri nchọpụta ndị uwe ojii niile maka nwata nwoke ahụ, nke na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma ma mee ka ịkọ nkọ na akụkọ ahụ bụ aghụghọ. Barry, n'okpuru nnukwu nrụgide ọha na eze ịkpọsa mkpebi, kwuru n'ụzọ dị iche iche na etinyela Jimmy na ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ nwụọla.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Benjamin C.|author=Bradlee|authorlink=Ben Bradlee|title=A Good Life: Newspapering and Other Adventures|url=https://archive.org/details/goodlife00benb|location=New York|publisher=Touchstone|year=1996}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Forever cooked|first=Gary|author=Grossman|work=The Daily Item|date=November 13, 2011|accessdate=March 27, 2022|url=https://www.dailyitem.com/forever-cooked/article_cebb1b20-918b-5f71-9880-fedfd0e0430e.html}}</ref> Barry kwetara na obodo ahụ ka enweghị ozi gbasara ebe Jimmy nọ, ma tụọ aro na akụkọ ahụ bụ akụkọ ifo, na-ekwu na o yighị ka nne Jimmy ma ọ bụ onye na ere ahịa ga ekwe ka onye nta akụkọ hụ ha ka ha na agba égbè", dịka Cooke kwuru na ọ hụrụ.<ref name="Green"/> Ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ n'ime Biputere nwere obi abụọ banyere eziokwu nke akụkọ ahụ, akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ gbachitere ya na onye na enyere onye nchịkọta akụkọ Bob Woodward aka nyere akụkọ ahụ maka Ihe nrite Pulitzer maka ide ihe njiri mara, nke e nyere Cooke na Eprel 13, 1981. Akụkọ Associated Press (AP) banyere ndị mmeri Pulitzer gosipụtara profaịlụ akụkọ ndụ, gụnyere ihe ndabere agụmakwụkwọ nke Cooke. Mgbe ndị editọ hụrụ isiokwu ahụ na The Toledo Blade, ha chọpụtara ọdịiche ahụ wee dọọ AP aka na ntị, nke n'aka nke ya kpọtụrụ Biputere.<ref name="Green"/> Nnyocha ọzọ nke akụkọ ndụ Cooke kpughere ihe ndị ọzọ ọ gbakwunyere kemgbe e were ya n'ọrụ na Biputere. Nchịkọta mbụ ya kwuru na ọ na-asụ French na Spanish nke ọma, mana o mechara gbakwunye Portuguese na Italian; onye nchịkọta akụkọ Ben Bradlee mechara nwalee ikike asụsụ ya, wee chọpụta na ọ naghị asụ Portuguese ma ọ bụ Italian ma ọ bụ naanị French.[2] Na mgbakwunye, ọ gbakwunyere na ọ gara Mahadum Paris ma nweta onyinye asaa maka ọrụ odeakụkọ ya na Ohio, n'adịghị ka nke o depụtara na mbụ.[2]<ref name="Green" /> Na Eprel 14, ndị editọ Post chere Cooke ihu maka nghọtahie ndị a wee kweta na ọ na-echepụta nzụlite ya..<ref name="Green"/> Ndị nchịkọta akụkọ nyochara ihe odide ya ma dekọọ ajụjụ ọnụ maka akụkọ ahụ, ọ chọtabeghị ihe akaebe ọ bụla na ọ gbara nwa na eji heroin ajụjụ ọnụ.[1] Ọ bụ ezie na Cooke guzoro na akụkọ ya na mbụ, ọ malitere ịkọ nkọ n'ime awa ndị sochirinụ, tupu ya ekweta na "Jimmy" bụ nke e chepụtara echepụta.[1] N'ụtụtụ Eprel 15, Cooke wepụtara nkwupụta ebe ọ kwupụtara nke a n'ihu ọha ma kwupụta ọpụpụ ya na Biputere. E nyere Teresa Carpenter ihe nrite Pulitzer maka edemede, maka edemede ya na The Village Voice banyere ogbugbu Dorothy Stratten.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulitzer.org/news/look-back-village-voices-pulitzer-wins|title=A Look Back at the Village Voice's Pulitzer Wins|work=[[The Pulitzer Prize]]|date=August 25, 2017|accessdate=December 27, 2022}}</ref> Banyere "Jimmy's World", Woodward kwuru, sị:   Gabriel García Márquez kwuru banyere Cooke, "Ọ bụ ihe na ezighị ezi na ọ meriri ihe nrite Pulitzer, mana ọ bụkwa ihe na ezighi ezi na ọ nwetaghị ihe nrite Nobel na edemede. " Cooke pụtara na ''The Phil Donahue Show'' na Jenụwarị 1982 wee kwuo na ọnọdụ nrụgide dị elu nke Post mebiri mkpebi ya. O kwuru na isi mmalite ya gwara ya banyere ịdị adị nke nwa nwoke dịka Jimmy mana, n'enweghị ike ịchọta ya, o mechara mepụta akụkọ banyere ya iji mee ka ndị nchịkọta akụkọ ya nwee afọ ojuju. == Ndụ e mesịrị == Cooke mechara lụọ onye ọka iwu nke mechara bụrụ onye nnọchi anya mba ọzọ.<ref name="Dutka"/> Di na nwunye ahụ kwagara Paris na 1985, biri ebe ahụ maka afọ iri sochirinụ.[1]<ref name="Kurtz"/> Otú ọ dị, alụmdi na nwunye ha mechara gbasaa, Cooke kwuru na ịgba alụkwaghịm ahụ hapụrụ ya ogbenye. Ọ laghachiri na United Steeti, na-akwado onwe ya na ọrụ ọrụ ụgwọ dị ala na nkwado ego site n'aka nne ya. [1] [3]<ref name="Kurtz" /> N'afọ 1996, o gbara ajụjụ ọnụ banyere ihe omume "Ụwa Jimmy" nye onye nta akụkọ ''GQ'' Mike Sager, onye bụbu onye ọrụ ibe ''Washington Biputere'' onye ya na ya na akpa nwa oge n'oge ọ nọ ebe ahụ. Cooke na Sager rere ikike ihe nkiri nke akụkọ ahụ na Foto nke kpakpando atọ maka $ 1.6 nde, mana ọrụ ahụ agafeghị usoro edemede.<ref name="Dutka"/><ref>{{Cite news|title=Janet Cooke's Hoax Still Resonates After 30 Years|author=Prince|first=Richard|url=http://www.theroot.com/blogs/pulitzer-prize/janet-cookes-hoax-still-resonates-after-30-years|work=The Root|date=October 1, 2010|accessdate=January 18, 2013}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, Sager dere na Nyocha akwụkwọ akụkọ Columbia na Cooke "na-ebi n'ime ókèala nke kọntinent United States, n'ime ezinụlọ, ma na-achụso ọrụ na-emetụtaghị ide ihe". == Hụkwa ==   * Jayson Blair, onye nta akụkọ America nke chepụtara akụkọ mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ maka ''The New York Times'' * Sabrina Erdely, onye nta akụkọ America a maara maka akụkọ Rolling Stone ya a na-akparaghị ókè ** "A Rape on Campus", isiokwu ya a na-akparaghị ókè * Stephen Glass, onye nta akụkọ America nke The ''New Republic'', onye bipụtara akụkọ ndị e chepụtara echepụta * Ihe ihere nke ndị nta akụkọ * Jack Kelley (onye nta akụkọ) , onye nta akụkọ USA Today na onye ikpeazụ maka Pulitzer Prize na 2002, onye jiri ihe e chepụtara echepụta mee ihe na mgbasa ozi mba ụwa ya * Klas Relotius, onye nta akụkọ German a maara maka imepụta ọtụtụ akụkọ e dere maka ''Der Spiegel'' * Akụkọ ụgha == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2|refs=<ref name=pulitzer>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151224121645/http://www.pulitzer.org/bycat/Feature-Writing "Feature Writing"]. The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved October 28, 2013.</ref>}} == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * {{Cite journal|author=Anderson, William|title=Facts, Fiction, and the Fourth Estate: The 'Washington Post' and 'Jimmy's World'|journal=[[The American Journal of Economics and Sociology]]|volume=63|issue=5|date=November 2004|pages=965–986|doi=10.1111/j.1536-7150.2004.00331.x}} * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "A Fraud in the Pulitzers". TIME (nke Canada bipụtara), Eprel 27, 1981. Izu ohi Nke 17. * Szasz, Thomas "The Protocols of the Learned Experts on Heroin", Libertarian Review, July 1981 [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] brj1ziauk4qa4r884qmkz78swi057ms 0 39753 638162 196324 2026-05-17T06:01:07Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638162 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Josie '''Duffy''' Rice''' (née Duffy) bụ onye edemede Amerika na onye na akọwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi oche nke Mkpegharị ahụ, ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke na ahụ maka usoro ikpe mpụ. Duffy Rice sokwa kwado podcast ikpe ziri ezi na Amerika. ''The New York Times'' depụtara ọrụ ya. <ref name="nprjuly2020">{{Cite web|author=Demby|first=Gene|date=July 8, 2020|title=An Immune System: Code Switch|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/06/12/876212065/an-immune-system|archiveurl=|archivedate=|work=NPR|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="motherjones2020">{{Cite web|author=Schwartz|first=Molly|date=June 17, 2020|title=De-funding the police is only the beginning. A radical re-imagining must come next.|url=https://www.motherjones.com/anti-racism-police-protest/2020/06/podcast-episode-defunding-police-abolishing-josie-duffy-rice/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|work=Mother Jones|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Chaney|first=Jen|date=September 15, 2021|title=The Premise is an Anthology Series|url=https://www.vulture.com/article/the-premise-anthology-fx-on-hulu-bj-novak.html|work=Business Insider|accessdate=September 22, 2021}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Duffy Rice Josie Duffy, ada Eugene na Norrene Duffy, ma zụlitere ya na Atlanta..<ref name="wabe2019">{{Cite web|author=Wheeler|first=Candice|date=February 28, 2019|title=Closer Look: 3 Generations of Family History; National Trends In Non-Traditional Education|url=https://www.wabe.org/podcasts/closer-look/closer-look-3-generations-of-family-history-national-trends-in-non-traditional-education/|work=WABE|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref> O nwere otu nwanne nwanyị, onye nwe ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ For Keeps bụ Rosa Duffy . <ref name="atlmag">{{Cite web|author=Wicker|first=Jewel|date=November 16, 2018|title=For Keeps, a shop for rare and classic black books, opens on Auburn Avenue|url=https://www.atlantamagazine.com/news-culture-articles/for-keeps-a-shop-for-rare-and-classic-black-books-opens-on-auburn-avenue/|work=Atlanta Magazine|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref> Nne nne ya bụ Josie Johnson, onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ nke haziri nke ọma na Minneapolis.<ref>{{Cite web|date=October 29, 2020|title=A multi-generational plea for social justice activism from Josie Johnson and her granddaughter|url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2020/10/29/a-multigenerational-plea-for-social-justice|archiveurl=|archivedate=|work=Minnesota Public Radio|accessdate=December 23, 2020}}</ref> Duffy Rice nwetara nzere bachelọ ya na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Mahadum Columbia . <ref>{{Cite web|author=MacKenzie|first=Blake|title=Meet Josie Duffy Rice, Racial Justice Activist|url=https://www.tchabitat.org/blog/josie-duffy-rice-racial-justice-activist|work=Twin Cities Habitat for Humanity|language=en-US|accessdate=December 23, 2020}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye enyemaka onye isi maka otu ndị na-agbachitere ọha na eze na Bronx kpọmkwem site na kọleji, nke metụtara mkpebi ya ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu.<ref name="pen2020">{{Cite web|author=Cammell|first=Kate|date=April 7, 2020|title=Works of Justice Podcast: Temperature Check with Josie Duffy Rice of The Appeal|url=https://pen.org/works-of-justice-josie-duffy-rice/|work=PEN America|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref> Ọ natara akara ugo mmụta Juris Doctor na Ụlọ akwụkwọ Iwu Harvard . <ref name="newsone2020">{{Cite web|author=Wright|first=Bruce C. T.|date=July 8, 2020|title=Amid Push For Reforming Law Enforcement, Should Amy Cooper Have Been Charged?|url=https://newsone.com/3972685/should-amy-cooper-have-been-charged/|work=NewsOne|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref> Duffy Rice họọrọ ide ihe na ọrụ iwu, na mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu, ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na mpaghara nke amụma na ime ihe ike..[2]<ref name="pen2020" /> == Ọrụ == Ọrụ Duffy Rice na-elekwasị anya n'okwu ikpe ziri ezi nke mpụ dịka Obi ọjọọ ndị uwe ojii na ego mgbapụta.<ref name="motherjones2020"/> Duffy Rice na akwado ka ndị uwe ojii wepụ ego na ngalaba ndị uwe ojii dị ka otu atụmatụ maka ebumnuche ahụ.[1] Ọ pụtara dị ka onye ọbịa na Ihe ngosi kwa ụbọchị iji kwurịta echiche a ma kwurịta okwu metụtara ikpe ziri ezi mpụ maka ụlọ ọrụ dịka <nowiki><i id="mwSA">Slate</i></nowiki>, ''NPR'', na ''Late Night na Seth Meyers''.<ref name="nprjuly2020"/><ref>{{Cite web|date=June 17, 2020|title=Late Night with Seth Meyers S7 E117 Hank Azaria, Josie Duffy Rice|url=https://www.nbc.com/late-night-with-seth-meyers/video/hank-azaria-josie-duffy-rice/4183262|archiveurl=|archivedate=|work=NBC|accessdate=August 20, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Slate Political Gabfest {{!}} WNYC {{!}} New York Public Radio, Podcasts, Live Streaming Radio, News|url=https://www.wnyc.org/articles/politicalgab|work=WNYC|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020|archivedate=September 26, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926114353/https://www.wnyc.org/articles/politicalgab}}</ref> Duffy Rice rụrụ ọrụ na Project ntaramahụhụ ziri ezi dị ka onye na-eme atụmatụ.<ref name="abcnews2018">{{Cite web|author=McMurry|first=Evan|date=May 30, 2018|title=#WhereAreTheChildren showcases the power and the pitfalls of social media|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/wherearethechildren-showcases-power-pitfalls-social-media/story?id=55507540|archiveurl=|archivedate=|work=ABC News|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, ọ sonyeere Jikpe ziri ezi Mmekọrịta, nke nwere Mkpegharị ahụ, ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke na-elekwasị anya na iwu, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na ikpe ikpe mpụ. <ref name="pen2020"/> A họpụtara Duffy Rice dịka onye isi oche nke Mkpegharị ahụ na 2019 ma jee ozi ruo 2021.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Duffy Rice sokwa kwado Ikpe ziri ezi Podcast na Amerika na ndị ọbịa dị iche iche Darnell Moore, Donovan X. Ramsey, Derecka Purnell, na Zak Cheney-Rice.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Crowder|first=Chaya|date=June 9, 2020|title=Dear White People: Keep that same energy when the protests are over|url=https://thegrio.com/2020/06/09/dear-white-people-protests/|work=The Grio|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref> Ihe ngosi ahụ na-ekpuchi isiokwu ikpe mpụ dịka ịtụ ọtụtụ mmadụ mkpọrọ.<ref name="npr-2019">{{Cite web|author=Inskeep|first=Steve|date=July 17, 2019|title=NYPD Officer Involved In Eric Garner's Death Won't Face Federal Charges|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/07/17/742534886/nypd-officer-involved-in-eric-garners-death-wont-face-federal-charges|work=NPR|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Leonhardt|first=David|date=June 3, 2020|title=When Jail Becomes Normal|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/03/briefing/protests-steve-king-coronavirus-your-wednesday-briefing.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref> E bipụtara Duffy Rice n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na mbipụta Septemba 2020 nke Ihe ngosi efu nke Ta-Nehisi Coates dezigharịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Flynn|first=Kerry|date=August 4, 2020|title=Ta-Nehisi Coates is guest editing the September issue of Vanity Fair|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/04/media/ta-nehisi-coates-vanity-fair/index.html|archiveurl=|archivedate=|work=CNN|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, Duffy Rice bụ onye edemede nke ihe omume mbụ na usoro akụkọ ihe mere eme ''nke Hulu Ụlọ'' . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ryan|first=Danielle|date=July 27, 2021|title=The Premise First Look at B.J. Novak's Comedy Anthology Series|url=https://www.slashfilm.com/582901/the-premise-first-look-b-j-novaks-comedy-anthology-series-arrives-soon/|work=/Film|language=en-US|accessdate=October 3, 2021}}</ref> Ọzọkwa na 2021, Duffy Rice sonyeere ndị ọrụ nke Crooked Media's Kedu ihe bụ ụbọchị pọdkastị dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe atọ maka onye guzobere ihe nkedo nke Kedu otu ụbọchị Gideon Resnick . <ref name="InsideRadio">{{Cite web|title=Crooked Media Expands Host Roster For Its Flagship 'What A Day' Series|url=http://www.insideradio.com/podcastnewsdaily/crooked-media-expands-host-roster-for-its-flagship-what-a-day-series/article_9f25b980-fc4e-11eb-926d-633018d1528c.html|work=Inside Radio|date=August 13, 2021|accessdate=August 14, 2022}}</ref> Duffy Rice, ya na ndị enyi Tre'vell Anderson na Priyanka Aribindi, nọchiri Akilah Hughes na July 30, 2021. [2] N'afọ 2022, Duffy Rice jere ozi dị ka onye nta akụkọ na mmemme Al Jazeera Ahịrị mmejọ, ebe ọ nyochara iwu ikpe ikpe siri ike nke [[Tennessee]] maka ụmụaka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=51 Years Behind Bars|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/program/fault-lines/2022/6/8/51-years-behind-bars|work=Al Jazeera|language=en-US|accessdate=February 22, 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2023, Duffy Rice bụ onye ọbịa na onye isi mmepụta nke Unreformed: Akụkọ nke [[Alabama]] Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe maka ụmụaka Negro , obere usoro podcast na-enyocha ụlọ ikpe ụmụaka na Alabama. <ref>{{Cite web|title=iHeartPodcasts and School of Humans Announce ''Unreformed: The Story of the Alabama Industrial School for Negro Children''|url=https://www.iheartmedia.com/press/iheartpodcasts-and-school-humans-announce-unreformed-story-alabama-industrial-school-negro|work=iHeart Media|language=en-US|accessdate=February 22, 2020}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Na Mee 2016, Duffy Rice lụrụ onye nta akụkọ Zak Cheney-Rice na Atlanta n'otu ebe ahụ nne na nna ya lụrụ afọ 30 gara aga. <ref name="Mackey 2022">{{Cite web|author=Mackey|first=Jaimie|date=May 2, 2017|title=A Family-Focused Wedding in Atlanta|url=https://www.brides.com/story/real-wedding-atlanta|work=Brides|accessdate=August 14, 2022|archivedate=August 11, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811000335/https://www.brides.com/story/real-wedding-atlanta}}</ref><ref name="nymag2020">{{Cite web|author=Osnos|first=Corinne|date=July 24, 2020|title=A New York Minute With: Zak Cheney-Rice|url=https://nymag.com/article/2020/07/a-new-york-minute-with-zakcheneyrice.html|work=New York Magazine|language=en-US|accessdate=August 21, 2020}}</ref> Ha nwere ụmụ abụọ, nwa nwoke (b. 2017) na nwa nwanyị (b. 2020). <ref name="pen2020"/> Ha bi na Atlanta. <ref name="motherjones2020"/> == Nsọpụrụ na onyinye == * 2020 - <nowiki><i id="mwnw">Ọgaranya</i></nowiki>, 40 N'okpuru 40 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Josie Duffy Rice {{!}} 2020 40 under 40 in Government and Politics|url=https://fortune.com/40-under-40/2020/josie-duffy-rice/|work=Fortune|language=en-US|accessdate=December 23, 2020}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.josieduffyrice.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị] * {{IMDb name|nm11649974}} * [https://theappeal.org/ ''Mkpesa Mkpesa''] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] knbro8i48q0d1da9oz8aan3qzj56f2c 0 40143 638131 157418 2026-05-16T20:48:39Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638131 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}{{Infobox UK legislation|short_title=Poor Relief Act 1691<ref>The citation of this Act by this [[short title]] was authorised by section 1 of, and Schedule 1 to, the [[Short Titles Act 1896]]. Due to the repeal of those provisions, it is now authorised by section 19(2) of the [[Interpretation Act 1978]].</ref>|type=Act|parliament=Parliament of England|long_title=An Act for the better explanation and supplying the defects of the former laws for the settlement of the poor.<ref>These words are printed against this Act in the second column of Schedule 1 to the Short Titles Act 1896, which is headed "Title".</ref>|year=1691|citation=[[3 Will. & Mar.]] c. 11<ref>Also cited as 3 & 4 Will & Mary c 11: The [[Revised Reports]]. Sweet & Maxwell Limited. 1857. Volume 116. Pages 943 and 951.</ref>|introduced_commons=|introduced_lords=|territorial_extent=|royal_assent=24 February 1692|commencement=|expiry_date=|repeal_date=|amends=|replaces=|amendments=|repealing_legislation=[[Poor Law Act 1927]]|related_legislation=|status=repealed|legislation_history=|theyworkforyou=|millbankhansard=|original_text=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/statutes-realm/vol6/pp314-315|revised_text=|use_new_UK-LEG=|UK-LEG_title=|collapsed=}}'''Iwu enyemaka ndị ogbenye 1691''' ( 3 Will. &amp;amp; Mar. c. 11) bụ iwu nke nzuko omeiwu England . A kagburu Iwu ahụ dum site na ngalaba 245(1) nke, yana Usoro 11 ruo, [[Poor Law Act 1927|Iwu Iwu Ogbenye 1927]] . Nkeji 1 ruo 4 (nke bụ akụkụ nke 2 ruo 5 na Ruffhead's Edition of the Statutes, nke Serjeant Runnington, 1786) kagburu <ref>Council of Law Reporting. The Law Reports. The Public General Statutes, with a list of the local and private Acts, passed in the thirtieth and thirty-first years of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria. London. 1867. Page 628. Footnote 1. (See the note at the beginning of the Schedule to the Statute Law Revision Act 1867 for the meaning of "Ruffhead's Edition" in the footnotes).</ref> site na ngalaba 1 nke, na Nhazi ka, Iwu Ndozigharị Iwu Iwu 1867 . == Nkeji 5 == Nkebi nke a (nke bụ akụkụ nke 6 na mbipụta Ruffhead) <ref>Council of Law Reporting. The Law Reports. The Public General Statutes, with a list of the local and private Acts, passed in the thirtieth and thirty-first years of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria. London. 1867. Page 628. Footnote 2.</ref> kagburu site na ngalaba 1 nke, yana Usoro maka, Iwu Ndozigharị Iwu Iwu 1867 . == Nkeji 6 == Nkebi a (nke bụ akụkụ nke 7 na mbipụta Ruffhead) <ref>Council of Law Reporting. The Law Reports. The Public General Statutes, with a list of the local and private Acts, passed in the thirtieth and thirty-first years of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria. London. 1867. Page 628. Footnote 1.</ref> kagburu site na ngalaba 1 nke, yana Usoro maka, Iwu Ndozigharị Iwu Iwu 1867 . == Nkeji 8 == Onye odeakwụkwọ nke onye ọka iwu, nke edepụtara site na indenture, bụ onye mmụta n'ime nkọwa nkebi nke 8 nke 3 & 4 Will & Mary c 11, ma, n'ihi ya, nwetara nkwekọrịta n'okpuru Iwu a na parish nke o bi mgbe ọ na-eje ozi n'okpuru ya. akụkọ. <ref>St. Pancras v Clapham (1860) 2 El & El 742 (1860) 121 [[English Reports|ER]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20250301125024/http://www.commonlii.org/uk/cases/EngR/1860/660.pdf 278]</ref> == Nkeji 11 == A kagburu akụkụ a site na ngalaba 1 nke, yana nhazi oge, Iwu Ndozigharị Iwu Iwu 1887 . == Nkeji 12 == A kagburu akụkụ a site na ngalaba 1 nke, yana Usoro maka, Iwu Ndozigharị Iwu Iwu 1867 . == Edensibia == n'ihi ya, nwetara nkwekọrịta n'okpuru Iwu a na parish nke o bi mgbe ọ na-eje ozi n'okpuru * Iwu Halsbury , {{Reflist}} 6j0yby8udgw7zx0qkfxmaubuc0sumzo 0 40203 638132 159081 2026-05-16T21:08:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}The '''Child Poverty Act 2010''' (c. 9) bụ omume nke nzuko omeiwu nke United Kingdom "iji setịpụ iche metụtara mkpochapụ nke ụmụaka ịda ogbenye, na ime ihe ndị ọzọ ndokwa banyere ụmụaka ịda ogbenye". <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200809/cmbills/112/09112.1-7.html|title=Child Poverty Bill}}</ref> Kpọmkwem, achịkọtala omume ahụ dịka nke nwere “usoro iwu ọhụrụ maka gọọmentị [UK] nke ụbọchị ahụ iji mee ihe iji mezuo ebumnuche ego anọ maka ịkwụsị ịda ogbenye ụmụaka n'afọ 2020 yana ibelata 'mmetụta mmekọrịta ọha na eze' maka. ụmụaka." Ego anọ ahụ lekwasịrị anya n'ihe metụtara ego ezinụlọ na etiti UK, ma bụrụ ndị a: {| class="wikitable" !tụọ ! Ebumnuche |- | Ọnụ ego dị ala | Ihe na-erughị 10% ụmụaka bi n'ụlọ nwere ego na-erughị 60% nke etiti 2020 [nb 1] |- | Ejikọtara obere ego na enweghị ihe onwunwe | Ihe na-erughị 5% nke ụmụaka bi n'ụlọ nwere ma (a) ego na-erughị 70% nke etiti 2020, na (b) ụkọ ihe onwunwe (ya bụ enweghị ike ị nweta ngwongwo na ihe omume ndị a na-ahụkarị na UK) |- | Ezigbo obere ego | Ihe na-erughị 5% nke ụmụaka bi n'ụlọ ndị nwere ego n'okpuru 60% nke etiti 2010 [nb 2] |- | Ịda ogbenye na-adịgide adịgide | Ihe na-erughị 7% nke ụmụaka bi n'ụlọ nwere ego n'okpuru 60% nke etiti n'ime afọ enyere ma ọ dịkarịa ala atọ n'ime afọ anọ [nb 3] |} == ndabere == Iwu ahụ nyere ntọala iwu kwadoro na ntinye aka nke Tony Blair 's Labour Government na 1999 iji kpochapụ ịda ogbenye ụmụaka site na 2020, nke ndị Conservatives na Opposition n'okpuru David Cameron nabatara dị ka "ebumnobi ekekọrịtara" (" ọchịchọ, ọ bụghị nkwa. ") na 2006. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Letwin|first=Oliver|title=Why we have signed up to Labour's anti-poverty target|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2006/apr/11/comment.politics2|accessdate=30 October 2019|work=Guardian|date=11 April 2006}}</ref> Ebu ụzọ gụọ iwu a tụrụ aro ka ọ bụrụ akwụkwọ iwu gbasara ịda ogbenye ụmụaka na June 2009. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://services.parliament.uk/bills/2009-10/childpoverty.html|title=Child Poverty Act 2010 - Parliamentary Bills - UK Parliament}}</ref> Ndị kwadoro ya bụ ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Labour Stephen Timms, mgbe ahụ odeakwụkwọ ego na Treasury, na Bill McKenzie . N'ime oke ya, oke oke ma lekwasị anya na ụmụaka ka daa ogbenye, atụleela Iwu ahụ na atụmatụ nkuzi emere na [[Ostraliya|Australia]] n'otu oge ahụ site na mkpesa 2011 Gonski . == Ndokwa ndị ọzọ == === Ụlọọrụ Ịda ogbenye ụmụaka === Isi nke 9, ngalaba 8 nke Iwu ahụ chọrọ ka e guzobe Kọmịshọna Ịda ogbenye ụmụaka nọọrọ onwe ha ka ha na-ahụ maka ọganihu n'ebe ndị e lekwasịrị anya, nke site na Welfare Reform Act 2012 ghọrọ Ụlọ Ọrụ Ịda Ogbenye na Social Mobility. E mechara degharịa akụkụ a nke Iwu ahụ site na isi nke 7, ngalaba 6 nke Welfare Reform and Work Act 2016, bụ nke degharịrị aha ahụ dị ka Social Mobility Commission . == Nkatọ == Iwu a natara Royal Assent na 25 Maachị 2010, izu isii tupu ntuli aka izugbe nke 2010 nke wetara na njedebe afọ 13 nke ọchịchị ndị ọrụ. Otu akwụkwọ e bipụtara na ''Quarterly Political'' na 2012 kọwara ya dị ka "[o] otu n'ime agbapụ nke Labour tupu ọ pụọ n'ọkwa ọrụ": "N'agbanyeghị na ejiri nkwado otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị gafere, Iwu ịda ogbenye ụmụaka 2010 bụ n'ụzọ doro anya na ọ bụ ihe [https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/stitch-up nkedo], ezubere na-emenye gọọmentị na-abata ihere ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nwara imebi nkwa ya ma ọ bụ bugharịa ọkwa ebumnuche ." Dị ka ndị nọọrọ onwe ha na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mana Conservative-leaning think tank Center for Social Justice (CSJ) si kwuo na 2016, a kpachapụrụ anya na ebumnuche ndị ahụ bụ ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume igbu oge ma ọ bụ nọrọ jụụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.centreforsocialjustice.org.uk/core/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Child-Poverty-2020.pdf|title=Reforming the Child Poverty Act|work=Centre for Social Justice|accessdate=2024-04-03|archivedate=2021-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113181803/https://www.centreforsocialjustice.org.uk/core/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Child-Poverty-2020.pdf}}</ref> Na nzuko ya na Kọmitii Nhọrọ Ọrụ na ụgwọ ezumike nka na June 2009, Timms kọwara: "N'ụzọ e si depụta Iwu ahụ, ntinye aka nke ịkụ ihe anọ ahụ bụ nke 2020. igbochi ohere nke nyocha ikpe ikpe na-amanye gọọmenti n'ọdịnihu ime ihe ọ bụla a chọrọ iji mee ihe ga-abụ na a ga-ewepụ iwu ahụ." Timms kọwakwara otú nke a si dị iche na Iwu Mgbanwe ihu igwe 2008, dị ka "na Iwu Mgbanwe ihu igwe, enwere usoro iji gbuo ihe mgbaru ọsọ ma ọ bụ ịghọta na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba nwere ike ime ka ọ ghara ikwe omume ịnapụta ya. Ndokwa ahụ adịghị na nke a. Bill." <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200809/cmselect/cmworpen/702/9061702.htm|title=House of Commons - Work and Pensions Committee - Minutes of Evidence}}</ref> == Agbahapụ == Ọ bịara doo ndị nzuko omeiwu anya na data ịda ogbenye ụmụaka 2012/13 na "n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọ bụla nwere ezi uche, a ga-atụfu ebumnuche [act's] 2020". <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/research/key-issues-parliament-2015/social-protection/child-poverty/|title=Child poverty}}</ref> 2013 bụ mgbanwe mgbanwe n'ihi ịrị elu dị ọhụrụ na etiti ego mgbe nsogbu ego gasịrị mgbe ego na-aga n'ihu na-ada na ala, na-ebili ịda ogbenye ndị ezumike nká, na ịda ogbenye na-arịwanye elu n'etiti ndị nwe ụlọ na-elekọta mmadụ . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npi.org.uk/publications/income-and-poverty/what-happened-poverty-under-coalition/|title=What happened to poverty under the Coalition?|accessdate=2024-04-03|archivedate=2022-09-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923120358/https://npi.org.uk/publications/income-and-poverty/what-happened-poverty-under-coalition/}}</ref> A gbahapụrụ ebumnuche ndị ahụ na 1 July 2015 mgbe Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ọrụ na ụgwọ ezumike nka na odeakwụkwọ ọrụ na ụgwọ ezumike nka Iain Duncan Smith (otu n'ime ndị otu CSJ's co-founders) kwupụtara "ụzọ ọhụrụ na ike siri ike iji nyochaa ohere ndụ nke ndị Britain kacha nwee nsogbu. ụmụaka". <ref>{{Cite web|author=HM Government|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-to-strengthen-child-poverty-measure|title=Government to strengthen child poverty measure|date=1 July 2015|accessdate=30 October 2019}}</ref> Emebighị iwu ahụ n'ụzọ nkịtị. Agbanyeghị, ọkwa a bụ liveblogged n'okpuru aha "Iain Duncan Smith na-ekwupụta na a ga-ewepụ iwu ịda ogbenye ụmụaka" na ''Guardian'' . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Sparrow|first=Andrew|title=Iain Duncan Smith announces Child Poverty Act being scrapped - Politics live|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/blog/live/2015/jul/01/reaction-as-davies-report-says-new-runway-should-be-at-heathrow-politics-live|accessdate=30 October 2019|work=Guardian|date=1 July 2015}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} === Ihe ndetu === === Akwụkwọ akụkọ === {{Cite journal|author=Bamfield|first=Louise|title=Child Poverty and Social Mobility: Taking the Measure of the Coalition's 'New Approach'|journal=Political Quarterly|volume=83|issue=4|year=2012|pages=830–837|doi=10.1111/j.1467-923x.2012.02418.x}} {{Cite journal|author=Maslen|first=Joseph|title=''Cracking the Code'': The Social Mobility Commission and Education Policy Discourse|journal=Journal of Education Policy|volume=34|issue=5|year=2019|pages=599–612|doi=10.1080/02680939.2018.1449891|url=https://hira.hope.ac.uk/id/eprint/2418/1/Maslen%202018a.doc|accessdate=3 September 2020}}{{Cite journal|url=https://hira.hope.ac.uk/id/eprint/2418|title=Accepted manuscript|journal=Journal of Education Policy|date=5 April 2018|pages=1–14|accessdate=21 October 2019|author=Maslen|first=Joseph}}{{UK legislation}} pc4c9w5d95qo68mmqhtzr2vr4dc9bku 0 45621 638138 621701 2026-05-16T22:51:28Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638138 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''James Barnor''' Hon. FRPS, OV (amụrụ 6 Juun 1929) <ref>[https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/james-barnor/ "James Barnor"], [[Serpentine Galleries]].</ref> bụ onye na-ese foto [[Ghana|nke Ghana]] nke hibere na London kemgbe 1990s. Ọrụ ya dị ihe dị ka afọ iri isii, n'agbanyeghị na ọtụtụ n'ime oge ahụ amachaghị ọrụ ya, ndị ọhụụ ọhụrụ achọpụtala ya n'ikpeazụ. N'okporo ámá ya na foto studio, Barnor na-anọchite anya ọha mmadụ na mgbanwe na 1950s na 1960: Ghana na-aga n'ihu na nnwere onwe, na London na-aghọ obodo ukwu. <ref name="Genova">Alexandra Genova, [https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/nov/29/james-barnor-ghanaian-photographer-swinging-sixties-independence-black-90 "Party time! The photographer who captured the other swinging sixties"], ''[[The Guardian]]'', 29 November 2019.</ref> O kwuru, sị: "Enwere m obi ụtọ na m dị ndụ mgbe ihe na-eme ... mgbe Ghana ga-enwere onwe ya na Ghana nwere onwe ya, na mgbe m rutere England [[The Beatles|, Beatles]] nọ gburugburu. Ihe na-eme na 60s, ya mere m kpọọ onwe m Lucky Jim." <ref name="LuckyJim"/> Ọ bụ onye mbụ na-ese foto akwụkwọ akụkọ oge niile nke Ghana na 1950s, a na-ekwupụtakwa ya na ọ webatara nhazi agba na Ghana na 1970s. <ref>[http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/s/james-barnor/ James Barnor biography] at Victoria and Albert Museum.</ref> E kwuwo: "James Barnor bụ Ghana na foto nta akụkọ ihe [[Ousmane Sembène]] bụ na [[Senegal]] na cinema Africa." <ref>Tiffani Jones, [http://www.coffeerhetoric.com/2012/08/secret-history-of-black-pinup-drum.html "Secret History of the Black Pinup: Drum Magazine and James Barnor"], Coffee Rhetoric, 23 August 2012.</ref> Barnor ekwuola banyere otu esi achọpụtaghachi ọrụ ya na 2007 n'oge oge jubili "Ghana na 50" site na curator [[Nana Oforiatta Ayim|Nana Oforiat-Ayim]], bụ onye haziri ihe ngosi mbụ nke foto ya na Black Cultural Archives (BCA). <ref>[http://www.communityarchives.org.uk/content/past-events/black-cultural-archives-launches-exciting-heritage-programme-to-commemorate-ghanas-golden-jubilee "Black Cultural Archives Launches Exciting Heritage Programme to Commemorate Ghana's Golden Jubilee"], Community Archives and Heritage Group, 7 March 2007.</ref> Ekele maka ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri studio, onye na-ese foto na onye na-ese foto ndụ ojii <ref name="Telegraph">Kate Salter, [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005021834/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG8168851/Colour-me-beautiful-James-Barnors-photographs-for-Drum-magazine.html "Colour me beautiful: James Barnor's photographs for Drum magazine"], Fashion, ''[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]'', 7 December 2010.</ref> ka abawanyela kemgbe 2010 mgbe nnukwu ihe ngosi ihe ngosi nke foto ya, ''Ever Young: James Barnor'', nọ na Rivington Place, London, sochiri ya. usoro ihe ngosi gụnyere na United States na [[South Africa]] . Ndị ụlọ ọrụ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ bụ Autograph ABP jikọtara foto ya n'oge ọrụ afọ anọ nke Heritage Lottery Fund kwadoro na 2011 ghọrọ akụkụ nke ebe nchekwa ọhụrụ na ebe nyocha maka foto ọdịbendị dị iche iche. <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/kent/hi/people_and_places/arts_and_culture/newsid_9266000/9266007.stm "Work of Medway-trained photographer in new archive"], BBC Kent, 7 December 2010.</ref> Foto Barnor nwekwara n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya nwere ihe ngosi na Ghana, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140512233532/http://www.okayafrica.com/2012/06/28/photos-james-barnor-ever-young/ "Photos: James Barnor 'Ever Young'"], Okayafrica, 28 June 2012.</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ghstreets.com/pages/events/james_barnor.html |title="Ghana – A Heritage Ever Young", GHStreets.com. |accessdate=2024-05-27 |archivedate=2013-08-01 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801095754/http://ghstreets.com/pages/events/james_barnor.html }}</ref> France ( Paris Photo 2011, Galerie Baudoin Lebon; <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241127084945/http://www.baudoin-lebon.com/m/artistes/oeuvres/299/james-barnor James Barnor] at Baudoin Lebon.</ref> Galerie Clémentine de la Féronnière), [[Netherlands]] . Akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ nke ọrụ ya, nke aha ya bụ ''James Barnor: Ever Young'', bipụtara na 2015, gụnyere mkparịta ụka dị ukwuu n'etiti Barnor na Margaret Busby na Francis Hodgson. == Afọ mbụ == Frederick Seton James Barnor mụrụ na Accra, n'ebe ahụ bụ Gold Coast, West Africa. N'inye nkọwa banyere otu o si bịa ịhọrọ ọrụ ya, o kwuru, sị: "Foto dị n'ime ezinụlọ m. Ụmụnne nna m abụọ bụ ndị na-ese foto. Nwa nwanne nna m bụ onye na-ese foto, ma achọpụtara m mgbe e mesịrị mgbe m banyere na nwa nwanne nne ọzọ bụkwa onye na-ese foto. onye na-ese foto." <ref name="LuckyJim"/> Mgbe ọ dị afọ 17, Barnor nọ na-akụzi ịkpa nkata n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị ozi ala ọzọ na onye isi ụlọ ọrụ nyere ya igwefoto "ka ya na ya na-egwuri egwu - ọ bụ Kodak Brownie 127, nke ejiri plastik mee". <ref name="Nowness">[https://www.nowness.com/story/picture-this "Picture This – Photographer James Barnor Looks Back at 60 Years Behind the Camera"], [[Nowness]], 25 September 2010.</ref> N'afọ 1947, Barnor malitere ịmụ ọrụ na nwa nwanne nna ya JP Dodoo, onye na-ese foto a ma ama, "na-esekarị foto ndị mmadụ n'ihi na mgbe ị na-ese foto nke ifuru na ebe ọ nweghị onye ga-akwụ ha ụgwọ. Emere m nke ahụ maka abụọ. Ọtụtụ afọ mana m na-achọkarị ịbụ onye uwe ojii, etinyere m akwụkwọ ka m bụrụ onye uwe ojii na-ese foto, a nabatakwara m ya, mana tupu m amalite ọzụzụ nwanne nna m nyere m igwefoto o ji ese foto. <ref name="Nowness" /> == Ever Young Studio == Mgbe ọ gụchara ọzụzụ ahụ, o guzobere omume foto nke onwe ya ("Emere m ọtụtụ mmepe na ibipụta ndị enyi, yana ịse foto. Akpọrọ m ụlọ ọrụ m FS James Barnor's Quick Photo Service - FS bụ aha m nke mbụ, maka Frederick Seton. Ọ bụrụ na ị wetara m ihe ndị ahụ na-adịghị mma, ị ga-enweta foto ndị ahụ n'echi ya.") <ref name="Naidoo - Barnor at 90">Riason Naidoo, [https://mg.co.za/article/2019-06-21-00-photographer-james-barnor-ever-young-at-90 "Photographer James Barnor – Ever Young at 90"], ''Mail & Guardian'', 21 June 2019.</ref> n'otu ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe n'okporo ámá dị na Jamestown nke isi obodo, na-eji azụ azụ n'èzí ụlọ ya mgbazinye. <ref name="LuckyJim">Kwaku, [http://content.yudu.com/A1rjpu/NA0411/resources/80.htm "Lucky Jim, still working at 81"], ''New African'', April 2011, pp. 80–82.</ref> Mgbe onye nwe ya chọrọ iweghachite ụlọ ahụ, site na 1953 Barnor malitere ịrụ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ Ever Young Studio. <ref name="ModernGhana">Audrey Quaye, [http://www.modernghana.com/news/260915/1/upcoming-exhibition-of-james-barnors-photography-a.html "Upcoming exhibition of James Barnor's Photography at Harvard University's WEB DuBois Institute starting on Thursday, January 28th, 2010"], Modern Ghana, 25 January 2010.</ref> Aha ya sitere na isiokwu nke ihe nghota bekee ọ gụrụ dịka nwata akwụkwọ, nke akpọrọ " Iduna 's Grove", banyere chi nwanyị Norse na-enye apụl anwansi iji nye ntorobịa ebighi ebi; <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160804221010/http://www.autograph-abp-shop.co.uk/prints/jb-eva James Barnor page] at Autograph shop, audio of Barnor speaking.</ref> ọ bụkwa ihe ntụnye aka na omume a na-atụ anya imegharị ihu ndị oche ka ha zuo oke - "Ogologo oge tupu [[Adobe Photoshop|Photoshop]] adị, ị ga-eji pensụl mee ihe. M ga-emegharị foto ndị ahụ iji mee ka ndị mmadụ yie nwata." <ref name="Telegraph"/> N'ịbụ nke dị nso na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ Seaview a ma ama, ụlọ ihe nkiri ahụ "n'oge na-adịghị anya dọtara ngwakọta nke ndị ahịa sitere na ezinụlọ ruo ndị na-eri oriri abalị na ndị isi". <ref name="LuckyJim"/> N'ime ndị ahụ ọ sere foto bụ onye isi ala Ghana mbụ n'ọdịnihu Kwame Nkrumah (nke e sere na-agba bọọlụ n'otu n'ime ogbunigwe Barnor), onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị pan-African JB Danquah, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ghanaianmuseum.com/james-barnor-ghanas-first-full-time-newspaper-photographer-and-one-of-the-first-to-introduce-colour-processing-to-ghana/|title=James Barnor, Ghana's first full-time newspaper photographer and one of the first to introduce colour processing to Ghana|date=2019-12-25|work=Ghanaian Museum|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-07|archivedate=2022-10-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221002201459/https://ghanaianmuseum.com/james-barnor-ghanas-first-full-time-newspaper-photographer-and-one-of-the-first-to-introduce-colour-processing-to-ghana/}}</ref> Sir Charles Arden-Clarke (gọvanọ Britain ikpeazụ nke Gold Coast). ), Duchess nke Kent wee bụrụ onye osote onye isi ala [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|America]] Richard Nixon (mgbe ọ gara emume nnwere onwe Ghana na March 1957), yana onye mmeri ịkụ ọkpọ Roy Ankrah . <ref name="EverYoung">[http://autograph-abp.co.uk/exhibitions/james-barnor-ever-young ''James Barnor: Ever Young''], Autograph ABP.</ref> == Akwụkwọ akụkọ foto na ''eserese kwa ụbọchị'' na ''Drum'' == [[Usòrò:JamesBarnor2016Leiden3.jpg|thumb| Barnor na-enyocha akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Drum'']] == Ọrụ ebipụtara == ''James Barnor: Ever Young'', akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ nke ọrụ ya, bipụtara na 2015 (Clémentine de la Féronnière / Autograph ABP,  ) n'akụkụ ihe ngosi Paris ya, gụnyere nnukwu ajụjụ ọnụ na Barnor na mkparịta ụka ya na Margaret Busby na Francis Hodgson. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rrbphotobooks.com/blogs/rrb-photobooks/83489860-james-barnor-ever-young|title=James Barnor - Ever Young|author=Rudi Thoemmes|work=RRB Photobooks|date=5 October 2015|accessdate=30 March 2021}}</ref> == Nkwenye na nsọpụrụ == A na-anọchi anya foto Barnor na mkpokọta Victoria na Albert Museum, Tate and Government Art Collection na Britain. E kwuwo banyere ya: "Onye na-ese foto bụ James Barnor bụ ịkwatu Ghana (na mgbe e mesịrị na 1960 Black Britain) ihe Oumar Ly bụ na Senegal ma ọ bụ [[Malick Sidibé|Malick Sidibe]] na [[Seydou Keïta|Seydou Keita]] na Mali." N'afọ 2011, Barnor nwetara onyinye GUBA (Ghana UK-Based Achievement) <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gubaawards.co.uk/|title=GUBA Awards - Awarding Excellence|work=www.gubaawards.co.uk|language=en-US|accessdate=19 April 2018}}</ref> pụrụ iche "Nrite Ndụ Ndụ". Mgbe ọ natara ya, o gosiri na ọ bụ onyinye mbụ e nyere ya. N'October 2016, n'ịkwado onyinye ya pụtara ìhè na mmepe Ghana, e nyere Barnor Order nke Volta, nke President John Dramani Mahama nyere ya na National Honors and Awards Ceremony nke e mere na Accra International Conference Center . <ref>Jonas Nyabor, [https://web.archive.org/web/20221007123957/https://citifmonline.com/2016/10/30/mahama-confers-national-honors-on-33-personalities-photos/ "Mahama confers national honors on 33 personalities"], Citifmonline, 30 October 2016.</ref> Enyere Barnor onyinye nkwanye ugwu nke Royal Photographic Society na 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rps.org/about/awards/history-and-recipients/honorary-fellowship/|title=Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Photographic Society|accessdate=23 March 2021}}</ref> Na February 2022, aha Barnor na CasildART's list of the top six Black British photographers, n'akụkụ Charlie Phillips, [[Armet Francis]], Neil Kenlock, Pogus Caesar na Vanley Burke . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://casildart.com/blog/top-six-black-british-photographers-you-should-know|title=Top Six Black British Photographers You Should Know|work=CasildART|date=7 February 2022|accessdate=16 April 2022|archivedate=2 October 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221002201458/https://casildart.com/blog/top-six-black-british-photographers-you-should-know}}</ref> == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == * Lellé Demertzi, [https://post.moma.org/the-ever-young-photographer-james-barnor/ "Onye na-ese foto mgbe na-eto eto James Barnor"], ''biputere: ndetu na nka na gburugburu ụwa'', Museum of Modern Art, 3 June 2020. == Edensibia == {{Reflist|30em}} * [https://www.jamesbarnor.org/ James Barnor Foundation (JBF)] webụsaịtị gọọmentị. * [http://www.newstatesman.com/culture/art-and-design/2012/08/ns-photo-essay-another-london Okporo ụzọ eletriki: edemede foto pụrụ iche nke NS chepụtara, "Okwu mmalite: Ụzọ eletrik" nke Sukhdev Sandhu], ''New Statesman'', 1 Ọgọst 2012. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160318185203/http://www.autograph-abp-shop.co.uk/authors/james-barnor James Barnor Pọtụfoliyo] na weebụsaịtị Autograph ABP. * Zaneta Denny, [https://web.archive.org/web/20141129015225/http://www.communitychannel.org/london360/news-details/1109/ "James Barnor: onye na-ese foto onye Ghana ama ama"] Archived </link> , Ọwa Obodo, 27 Mee 2012. * [https://www.facebook.com/video/video.php?v=10150512927972588 "James Barnor na Galerie Baudoin Lebon (Foto Paris 2011)".] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304221513/http://www.impressions-gallery.com/_lib/_user_files/Barnor03.mp3 Okwu Artist James Barnor] Archived </link> , nke edere na Impressions Gallery na Satọde, 10 Ọgọst 2013. * [http://vimeo.com/50701534 "Ever Young: James Barnor"] na Vimeo. * [http://www.voicesofeastanglia.com/2013/03/the-photography-of-james-barnor.html "Foto nke James Barnor"], Voices of East Anglia. * [https://accradotalttours.wordpress.com/2012/06/29/for-ever-young-the-iconic-photography-of-james-barnor/ "Maka ndị na-eto eto: Foto ngosi nke James Barnor"], ACCRA [dot] ALT Radio, 29 June 2012. * Ade Sawyerr, [https://adesawyerr.wordpress.com/2014/08/08/preserving-the-past-to-inspire-the-futureeveryoungjba-org-ade-sawyerr/ "Ichekwa oge gara aga iji kpalie ọdịnihu:everyoungjba.org"] . Blog Ade Sawyerr. * [http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/s/james-barnor/ "James Barnor"] na Victoria na Albert Museum. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055407/http://www.rtvnh.nl/specials/kunst-zoey/166971/interview-met-ghanese-fotograaf-james-barnor Mkparịta ụka vidiyo na James Barnor] Archived </link> , 3 Julaị 2015 (na njikọ na ihe ngosi "Swinging Sixties London" na Foam, Netherlands). * [http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2015/10/14/james-barnor-comme-photographe-noir-vous-ne-pouviez-pas-faire-de-la-photo-de-mode_4789064_3212.html "James Barnor: 'Bịa foto noir, vous ne pouviez pas faire de la photo de mode'"] (ajụjụ ọnụ na French), ''Le Monde'', 14 October 2015. * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2016/sep/22/street-style-ghana-fashion-photographer-james-barnor "Ememme James Barnor - onye na-ese foto mbụ gbara Ghana na agba"], ''The Guardian'', 22 Septemba 2016. * Riason Naidoo, [https://mg.co.za/article/2019-06-21-00-photographer-james-barnor-ever-young-at-90 "Onye na-ese foto James Barnor - mgbe ọ na-eto eto na 90"], ''Mail & Guardian'', 21 June 2019. * Riason Naidoo, [https://mg.co.za/article/2019-06-28-00-im-finally-getting-recognition "James Barnor: 'Ana m enweta amara'"], 28 Juun 2019. * Eve Jackson, [https://www.france24.com/en/culture/20191121-meet-90-year-old-photographic-legend-james-barnor "Zute akụkọ akụkọ foto James Barnor dị afọ 90"], ''Encore!'' Nọvemba 21, 2019. * Renée Mussai, [https://autograph.org.uk/blog/forever-young-happy-91st-birthday-james-barnor/ "(MAKWA) NA-eto eto: OBI ỤTỌ 91ST BIRTHDAY JAMES BarnOR!"], Autograph, 5 June 2020. [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] o83mxe9tvvmtlmt4knwhe2dt7luejn3 0 45830 638137 444495 2026-05-16T22:42:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638137 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Jamal Cyrus.jpg|thumb|Jamal Cyrus na mkparịta ụka na onye na-ese ihe n'okwu na Inman Gallery]] Jamal Saịrọs ( ọrịa 1973) bụ onye omenkà echiche America nke na-arụ ọrụ n' mgbasa ozi, ajụjụ ịse, ihe ọkpụkpụ, textiles, akwụkwọ, mgbasa, mgbasa, na ọrụ.  [1] [2] [3] Omume nka ya na ihe ndị na-egosi ihe mere eme, ederede, na nke United States, na-ajụ ajụjụ na mbụ ngwaọrụ ngwaọrụ ndị ojii, ọkọlọtọ ọha na eze, na  yeel na nche nke ndị mba ọzọ Africa, egwu egwu. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Harper|first=Daria Simone|date=2022-07-14|title=In Conversation with Jamal Cyrus|url=https://burnaway.org/magazine/in-conversation-jamal-cyrus/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Burnaway|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Glentzer|first=Molly|date=2021-07-15|title=Houston Artist Jamal Cyrus's Playful, Subversive Vision of Black History|url=https://www.texasmonthly.com/arts-entertainment/houston-artist-jamal-cyrus-vision-of-black-history/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Texas Monthly|language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=Valentine|first=Victoria L.|date=2020-02-13|title=Houston-Based Artist Jamal D. Cyrus on Receiving 2020 David C. Driskell Prize: 'The Symbolism is Extremely Important to Me'|url=https://www.culturetype.com/2020/02/12/houston-based-artist-jamal-d-cyrus-on-receiving-2020-david-c-driskell-prize-the-symbolism-is-extremely-important-to-me/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Culture Type|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2022|title=FOCUS: Jamal Cyrus|url=https://www.themodern.org/exhibition/focus-jamal-cyrus|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Tipton|first=Cammie|date=April 2022|title=Jamal Cyrus|url=https://publicartuhs.org/jamal-cyrus-spotlight/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Public Art: University of Houston System|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Harris|first=Alysia Nicole|date=2022-11-17|title=The Art of Black Regard|url=http://scalawagmagazine.org/2022/11/jamal-cyrus-black-aesthetic/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Scalawag|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Baker|first=Susan J.|date=2022|title=Soundwaves: Experimental Strategies in Art + Music [Review]|url=https://venuemahs-ojs-baylor.tdl.org/venuemahs/index.php/venuemahs/index|journal=Venue: A Digital Journal of the Midwest Art History Society|volume=1|issue=1|pages=154–159}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|author=Beckwith|first=Naomi|title=The freedom principle: experiments in art and music, 1965 to now|date=2015|publisher=Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago in association with The University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-31930-8|location=Chicago (Ill.) London}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Akwụkwọ Saịrọs na Houston, [[Texas]], ebe o bi ma na-arụ ọrụ.  [1] [2] Ọ natara BFA site na Mahadum Houston na 2004 tupu ọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Skowhegan nke na ihe ọkpụkpụ na 2005. Na 2008, akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na mmemme MFA na Mahadum [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]] .  [3] Saịrọs bụ onye na-ese ihe na Artpace San Antonio na 2010 yana onye otu Otabenga Jones na Associates artist mkpokọta site na 2002 ruo 2017. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Jamal D. Cyrus|url=https://high.org/driskell-prize/jamal-d-cyrus/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=High Museum of Art|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jamal Cyrus|url=https://www.inmangallery.com/artists/34-jamal-cyrus/overview/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Inman Gallery|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ nka == nka nke Saịrọs sitere na nsogbu;  ọ na-eji ihe mmetụta anụ ahụ na ike mee ihe ndị mere eme America na ihe mere eme site na oghere nke mmegbu ojii, ntọhapụ, na ike.  [1] [2] [3] Na-arụ ọrụ na usoro mgbasa ozi na ihe iche, ọrụ ya na ihe iche ihe oyiyi, akwụkwọ, na ndị nwere akwụkwọ, graphite, papyrus, denim, na ihe ndị ọzọ,  na-agụnye nrụnye mgbasa ozi agwakọta, ihe ọkpụkpụ, ụzọ, ihe ngosi, na ihe ndị ọzọ.  vidiyo.  [1] [4] [5] N'ịtụle ihe na iconographic ihe nke ihe mere eme ojii n'ịkpọ ihe omume omume ihe mere eme, tropes, fabulations, na-eme ifo, ọrụ Saịrọs na-ekwu isiokwu dị.  ka counterculture, onyunyo, agha, akara, na akara akara. <ref name=":8">{{Cite book|url=https://cdn.filepicker.io/api/file/RA6CKtRtqxiYX1qUGeQy?|title=Jamal Cyrus: The End of My Beginning [2002]|publisher=The Institute of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles|year=2022|location=Los Angeles, CA|language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":9">{{Cite web|author=Dawkins|first=Chad|date=2023-04-11|title=Jamal Cyrus: The End of My Beginning|url=https://www.artpapers.org/jamal-cyrus-the-end-of-my-beginning/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Art Papers|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":10">{{Cite web|title=Jamal Cyrus The End Of My Beginning|url=https://www.theicala.org/en/exhibitions/87-jamal-cyrus-the-end-of-my-beginning|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Institute of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=African cosmologies: photography, time and the other|date=2020|publisher=Schilt Publishing|isbn=978-90-5330-932-2|editor=Sealy|location=Amsterdam, NL}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|author=Lee|first=Pamela M.|title=Think Tank Aesthetics: Midcentury Modernism, the Cold War, and the Neoliberal Present|publisher=[[MIT Press]]|year=2020|isbn=9780262357036|pages=228|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Stabler|first=Bert|date=Summer 2022|title=Introduction to Visual Arts Research Special Issue, Body Cam: The Visual Regimes of Policing|url=https://scholarlypublishingcollective.org/uip/var/article/48/1/1/307322/Introduction-to-Visual-Arts-Research-Special-Issue|journal=Visual Arts Research|volume=48|issue=1|pages=1–16|doi=10.5406/21518009.48.1.01}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == Saịrọs gosiri ọtụtụ ihe na ihe nkiri solo na otu.  Ndị ọrụ na Whitney Biennial, Art Basel Miami, Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago, Akron Art Museum, Walker Art Center, Contemporary Arts Museum Houston, Blaffer Art Museum, Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth .  na Contemporary Art Center, New Orleans, Mississippi Museum of Art, Asia Society, New Museum, kichin, Museum of Contemporary Art Detroit, Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia, Studio Museum na Harlem, Brooklyn Museum, na Museum of [[London]] Docklands <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Jamal Cyrus joins permanent collection|url=https://www.rubycity.org/jamal-cyrus|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Ruby City|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":2"/> <ref name=":4"/> <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=2016-02-12|title=Jamal Cyrus|url=https://artadia.org/artist/jamal-cyrus/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Artadia}}</ref> <ref name=":9"/> <ref name=":10"/> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jamal Cyrus|url=https://www.prospect5.org/artists/jamal-cyrus|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=P.5 Yesterday We Said Tomorrow|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-05-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522220640/https://www.prospect5.org/artists/jamal-cyrus}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jamal Cyrus: The End of My Beginning|url=https://www.msmuseumart.org/exhibition/jamal-cyrus-the-end-of-my-beginning/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Mississippi Museum of Art|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Slowed and Throwed: Records of the City Through Mutated Lenses|url=https://camh.org/event/slowed-and-throwed/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Contemporary Arts Museum Houston|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2006|title=Jamal Cyrus|url=https://whitney.org/www/2006biennial/artists.php?artist=Cyrus_Jamal|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=The Whitney 2006 Biennial: Day for Night}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-10|title=Jamal Cyrus|url=https://studiomuseum.org/artist/jamal-cyrus|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=The Studio Museum in Harlem|language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=Jamal Cyrus wins BMW's sixth Art Journey award|url=https://www.artbasel.com/news/jamal-cyrus-wins-bmw-s-sixth-art-journey-award|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Art Basel|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jamal Cyrus: The End of My Beginning|url=https://blafferartmuseum.org/jamal-cyrus/|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Blaffer Art Museum|language=en-US}}</ref> icon na nke ahụ, dị ka onye òtù Otabenga Jones na Associates, Cyrus ibi na High Museum, National Museum of African American History and Culture, California African American Museum, na Menil Collection, n'etiti ebe ndị ọzọ.. <ref name=":1"/> <ref name=":4"/> <ref name=":5"/> == Ihe nrite == * John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Grant (2023) <ref>{{Cite web|author=Dansby|first=Andrew|date=2023-04-06|title=Houston playwright, visual artist awarded Guggenheim Fellowship for their work in the arts|url=https://www.houstonchronicle.com/lifestyle/article/celeste-bedford-walker-jamal-cyrus-guggenheim-17882402.php|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Houston Chronicle|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hawley|first=Rebecca|date=May 17, 2023|title=Alumnus Reflects on Guggenheim Fellowship|url=https://www.uh.edu/news-events/stories/2023/may-2023/05172023-alum-reflects-on-guggenheim-fellowship|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=University of Houston|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Guggenheim Fellowships Recipients Announced, Jamal Cyrus, Kapwani Kiwanga and Pamela Council are Among the Winners|url=https://www.widewalls.ch/news-feed/guggenheim-fellowships-announced|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Widewalls|language=en|archivedate=2023-05-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522220640/https://www.widewalls.ch/news-feed/guggenheim-fellowships-announced}}</ref> * David C. Driskell Prize (2020) <ref name=":3"/> <ref name=":5"/> * Onyinye Joan Mitchell na ndị na-ese ihe (2019) <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-25|title=Jamal Cyrus|url=https://www.joanmitchellfoundation.org/jamal-cyrus|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Joan Mitchell Foundation|language=en}}</ref> * Njem nka nka BMW (2017-2018) <ref name=":7"/> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jamal Cyrus|url=https://www.bmw-art-journey.com/journeys/jamal-cyrus|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=BMW Art Journey|language=en|archivedate=2023-05-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522220639/https://www.bmw-art-journey.com/journeys/jamal-cyrus}}</ref> * Smithsonian Artist Fellowship (2009) <ref>{{Cite web|author=Brennan|first=Samia|title=Smithsonian Awards Fellowships to 10 Artists to Conduct Research at Museums and Research Facilities|url=https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/releases/smithsonian-awards-fellowships-10-artists-conduct-research-museums-and-research-facilities-0|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=Smithsonian Institution|language=en}}</ref> * Ihe nrite Artadia Houston (2006) <ref name=":6"/> * Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation Award (2005) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jamal Cyrus|url=https://www.louiscomforttiffanyfoundation.org/2005/jamal-cyrus|accessdate=2023-05-22|work=The Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] hcizfrffdbgg0zgxi91ozuqgssrlvdf 0 46279 638104 214650 2026-05-16T16:44:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638104 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  [[Usòrò:NubianMeroePyramids30sep2005(2).jpg|thumb|260x260px| Pyramid Nubian nke Meroë]] '''Ihe owuwu nke Sudan''' na-egosipụta [[Ọmúmú-àlà|ọdịdị ala]], agbụrụ na ọdịbendị dị iche iche nke obodo na oge akụkọ ihe mere eme ya. Ụdị ndụ na omenala ihe onwunwe egosipụtara na ebe obibi mmadụ, ihe owuwu ha na ọrụ akụ na ụba ejiriwo ọnọdụ mpaghara na gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche iche mee ihe. N'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme ya ogologo oge, [[Sudan]] abụrụla ala nke mgbanwe na ụdị dị iche iche nke mmepeanya mmadụ nwere mmetụta dị mkpa sitere na omenala mba ọzọ. Ihe owuwu ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke mbụ amara ama na ime obodo na-alaghachi na narị afọ nke asatọ TOA. Mmekọrịta omenala ya na agbataobi ugwu Sudan nke [[Ijipùtù Ọkpụ|Egypt ochie]], bụ nke ya na ya na-ekerịta ogologo oge akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmetụta ọ bụla, wetara ma ndị Ijipt yana ebe obibi Nubian nke ọma na ụlọ arụsị na pyramid nke pụtara na Alaeze Kush na isi obodo Meroë ikpeazụ. Site na gburugburu 500&nbsp;CE ruo ihe dịka 1500&nbsp;OA, alaeze ndị Kraịst nọ na-eme nke ọma na Upper Nubia na n'akụkụ ndịda n'akụkụ osimiri Naịl. Ha wuru obodo ndị dị mkpa, mara site na omenala ha na-eme nke ọma, nwere ebe obibi ndị mọnk, obí eze na [[Okeama|obodo]] ndị nwere mgbidi na [[katidral]], na-egosi mmetụta nke omenala Coptic na Byzantine sitere na Egypt na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Mediterranean . <ref>{{Cite book|author=Shinnie|first=P.L.|title=The Cambridge History of Africa. Volume 2|publisher=Cambridge University|year=1978|isbn=978-0-521-21592-3|editor=J.D. Fage|location=Cambridge|pages=556–588|chapter=Christian Nubia.}}</ref> N'ịgbaso mmetụta na-arịwanye elu nke ndị Arab [[Ndi áláküba|Muslim]] na-akwaga na narị afọ nke asaa gaa n'ihu, alaeze [[Onye Kraịst|Ndị Kraịst]] nke Makuria guzobere Baqt, nkwekọrịta ya na ndị ọchịchị Alakụba nke [[Egypt]] na-enye ndị Alakụba ohere ịzụ ahịa na njem n'efu. Nke a zụtara ihe gbasara ntọala mbụ nke ụlọ alakụba na ebe a na-eli ozu na Upper Nubia, edepụtara site na 1317 OA gaa n'ihu. Site na ihe dịka 1500&nbsp;OA na rue mmalite narị afọ nke 19, ndị Alakụba Alakụba nke Funji na nke Darfur hiwere alaeze ọhụrụ na mpaghara ndịda na ọdịda anyanwụ nke Sudan. Obodo ndị nwere ọganihu dịka Sennar ma ọ bụ Al Fashir nwere ụlọ maka nlekọta na ụlọ nke onwe, [[Oru ugbo|ọrụ ugbo]] na nka, ofufe na ahia, gụnyere ahia ohu . <ref>{{Cite web|author=O'Fahey|first=R. S.|year=2007|title=Darfur. Historical and Contemporary Aspects|url=https://org.uib.no/smi/darfur/A%20DARFUR%20WHOS%20WHO3.pdf|accessdate=2018-08-23|archivedate=28 December 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228022400/https://org.uib.no/smi/darfur/A%20DARFUR%20WHOS%20WHO3.pdf}}</ref> N'ịbụ nke dị n'akụkụ ndịda nke Blue Nile, obodo Khartoum tolitere dị ka etiti ala Turkey-Ijipt, mana ndị na-eso Mahdi bibiri nke ukwuu na 1885, bụ ndị guzobere isi obodo ha na Omdurman n'ofe White Nile . Na mmalite 1900s, ndị ọchịchị Britain rụgharịrị Khartoum n'okpuru Lord Kitchener, na-agbaso ụkpụrụ obodo Europe ọgbara ọhụrụ . Na 2021, nnukwu Khartoum bụ obodo mepere emepe nwere ihe ruru nde mmadụ isii, nke nwere Khartoum kwesịrị ekwesị, jikọtara ya na àkwà mmiri gafee Blue na White Nile na obodo Khartoum North na Omdurman n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. == Ihe owuwu nke oge a na narị afọ nke 21 == Na mmalite narị afọ nke 21, nnukwu ụlọ ọhụrụ dị na Khartoum bụ ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ 5-kpakpando Corinthia, nke mepere na 2009 ma kwadoro ya site n'aka gọọmentị Libya, <ref>{{Cite news|author=Fleming|first=Lucy|date=2010-05-18|title=Sudan's Nile island joins the 21st century|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/10121573|accessdate=2021-05-04}}</ref> ma ọ bụ Ụlọ Ọrụ Telecommunications, bụkwa nke 2009. <ref>{{Cite web|title=NTC tower Khartoum|url=https://www.emporis.com/buildings/1147777/ntc-tower-khartoum-sudan|accessdate=2021-05-04|work=emporis.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701015318/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/1147777/ntc-tower-khartoum-sudan|archivedate=1 July 2015}}</ref> El Mek Nimr Bridge, nke emechara na 2007, na-agafe na Blue Nile n'etiti obodo Khartoum na Khartoum North, na Tuti Bridge na-ewere dị ka àkwà mmiri nkwụsịtụ mbụ na Sudan. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Fleming|first=Lucy|date=2010-05-18|title=Sudan's Nile island joins the 21st century|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/10121573|accessdate=2021-05-24}}</ref> Ụlọ Salam Center maka ịwa ahụ obi, nke ụlọ ọrụ Ịtali mere, mechara na 2010 wee nweta 2013 Aga Khan Award for Architecture . <ref>{{Cite web|title=2013 Aga Khan Award for Architecture recipients announced {{!}} Aga Khan Development Network|url=https://www.akdn.org/press-release/2013-aga-khan-award-architecture-recipients-announced|accessdate=2022-02-28|work=www.akdn.org}}</ref> N'otu afọ ahụ, ụlọ ọrụ dị na [[Abu Dhabi]] wuru Greater Nile Petroleum Oil Company Tower . Isi ụlọ nke Open University of Sudan, meghere na 2004 na mpaghara Khartoum nke Arkaweet, bụ ihe atụ ọzọ nke ihe owuwu nke oge a na isi obodo.  <gallery widths="180" heights="180" perrow="4"> Usòrò:Elmek_Nimir_Bridge.jpg| El Mek Nimr Bridge Usòrò:Khartoum.jpg|alt=View of Khartoum with Corinthia Hotel and the Blue Nile|Nlele nkeKhartoumnweweụlọ oriri na mmeri CorinthianaNaịl na-acha anụnụ anụnụ Usòrò:Open_University_of_Sudan_headquarter.jpg|alt=Open University of Sudan| Mepee Mahadum Sudan </gallery> == Hụkwa == * Akụkọ nke Sudan * Nkà ihe nkiri nke Sudan * Usoro iheomume nke Khartoum == Ihe ndetu == {{Reflist|group=note}} == Ntụaka == . {{Reflist}} == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == *   * {{Cite web|author=Bani|first=Maha Omer|title=Critical regionalism: studies on contemporary residential architecture of Khartoum - Sudan|year=2005|pages=|doi=|url=https://www.academia.edu/27616563}} * {{Cite book|author=Bashir|first=Fathi|title=Modern Architecture in Khartoum 1950-1990|year=2007|pages=589–602|isbn=978-9957-8602-2-6|doi=10.13140/2.1.4402.9125|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235962579}} * Jonathan M. Bloom, Sheila S. Blair (eds.) "Sudan, Democratic Republic of the." In ''The Grove encyclopedia of Islamic art and architecture''. ''Oxford Islamic Studies Online''.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530991-1|978-0-19-530991-1]]<span>, </span>[[Special:BookSources/978-0-19-537304-2|978-0-19-537304-2]] * Greenlaw, Jean-Pierre (1994) ''The coral buildings of Suakin: Islamic architecture, planning, design and domestic arrangements in a Red Sea port''. 132 pp.&nbsp;London: Kegan Paul International. * Maillot, M. (2015). ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20230219161707/https://issuu.com/sudarchrs/docs/s_n19_maillot The Meroitic Palace and Royal City.]'' Sudan & Nubia, No 19, published by The Sudan Archaeological Research Society. Online publication with many drawings and photographs. * {{Cite journal|author=Osman|first=Omer S.|date=2011-08-01|title=Architecture in Sudan: The Post–Independence Era (1956-1970). Focus on the Work of Abdel Moneim Mustafa|url=https://docomomojournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/100|journal=Docomomo Journal|issue=44|pages=77–80|doi=10.52200/44.A.DQKNX1LV|issn=2773-1634}} * {{Cite book|author=Welsby|first=Derek|title=The Medieval Kingdoms of Nubia. Pagans, Christians and Muslims along the Middle Nile.|publisher=The British Museum.|year=2002|isbn=0-7141-1947-4}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSTYu1Psv9c&t=85s Vidiyo maka pyramid Sudan] na Arts &amp;amp; Culture Google na [[YouTube]] * [https://madainproject.com/buhen_fortress Foto ndị e gwupụtara n'ala na nrụgharị 3D nke Buhen Fortress] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240919125555/http://500wordsmag.com/art-and-culture/the-stories-behind-the-walls-of-sudanese-homes/ Akụkọ dị n'azụ mgbidi ụlọ ndị Sudan] - akụkọ atụpụtara gbasara ihe owuwu ọgbara ọhụrụ na Khartoum * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=taQETB6rNvY Ụlọ nyocha nke Mahadum Khartoum, (1958) ụdị 3D zuru oke] na YouTube 4phxflrdm4ahc59ka7kyx0t7cco1cr9 0 46683 638178 213384 2026-05-17T10:16:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638178 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Keith Piper''' (amụrụ 1960) <ref>Meigh-Andrews, C., 2013. ''A History of Video Art'', pp. 291. A&C Black.</ref> bụ onye omenkà Britain, onye na-ahụ maka ihe, onye nkatọ na agụmakwụkwọ. Ọ bụ onye nchoputa nke BLK Art Group nke na-emepe emepe, otu òtù ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ahụ maka ihe nkiri ojii nke Britain, nke dabeere na mpaghara West Midlands nke UK. <ref>Chambers, E., 2011. ''Things Done Change: The Cultural Politics of Recent Black Artists in Britain'', Rodopi.</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Piper na [[Malta]] - obodo ndị Britain n'oge ahụ - na ezinụlọ na-arụ ọrụ nke ihe nketa Africa-Caribbean : nna ya, nke sitere na Antigua, gara England na 1950s, biri na Birmingham na West Midlands, ma bụrụ onye a ma ama. ezigara na ọdụ ndị agha Malta obere oge tupu ọmụmụ Piper. <ref name="Art UK: on the history of the Black Art Group">{{Cite web|url=https://artuk.org/discover/stories/keith-piper-on-the-history-of-the-black-art-group|title=Keith Piper: on the history of the Black Art Group|date=25 October 2021|first=Melissa|author=Chemam|work=Art UK|accessdate=31 January 2022|archivedate=18 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118151333/https://artuk.org/discover/stories/keith-piper-on-the-history-of-the-black-art-group}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFChemam2021">Chemam, Melissa (25 October 2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240603203719/https://artuk.org/discover/stories/keith-piper-on-the-history-of-the-black-art-group "Keith Piper: on the history of the Black Art Group"]. ''Art UK''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> Ọnwa isii mgbe ọ rutere Britain, a zụlitere Piper na Birmingham na gburugburu ya. <ref name="Chandler, David 1997">Chandler, David, & [[Kobena Mercer]], 1997. "Keith Piper: Relocating the Remains", Institute of International Visual Arts (Iniva).</ref> Na mbụ mmasị ya na nka dị ka nzaghachi maka mmepụta ihe na-emebi emebi nke oge ntorobịa ya. N'ehota ya na monograph ''Relocating the Remains'' (1997), ọ na-echeta na ọ "nwere mmasị na mma nke peeling peeling, nchara na deliction na ọdịdị multi-layered nke akwụkwọ mmado ijiji mgbe a dọkapụrụ ha". <ref name="Chandler, David 1997" /> Piper gara n'ihu ịga Trent Polytechnic, ebe ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta BA(Hons) na Fine Art na 1983, tupu ọ gụchaa nzere masta na Environmental Media na Royal College of Art na London. <ref name="Chandler, David 1997" /> == Ọrụ na ọrụ == Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ mbụ nke Piper na nke ụmụ akwụkwọ ji usoro mgbasa ozi mara mma nke ọdịnala dị ka agba na akwaaji (dị ka ọ dị na ''The Body Politic'', 1983), <ref name="Chandler, David 1997">Chandler, David, & [[Kobena Mercer]], 1997. "Keith Piper: Relocating the Remains", Institute of International Visual Arts (Iniva).</ref> site na njedebe 1980s ọ malitere ọrụ ya na teknụzụ ọhụrụ nke nyochara ihe mgbasa ozi dị iche iche. dị ka ngwanrọ kọmputa, weebụsaịtị, teepu/slide, ụda na vidiyo n'ime omume dabere na nrụnye. <ref>White, M., 2006. ''The Body and the Screen: Theories of Internet Spectatorship'', MIT Press.</ref> Piper mbụ bịara n'ihu ọha mgbe, na 1982, mgbe ọ ka bụ nwa akwụkwọ, ọ sonyeere Eddie Chambers, onye nwụrụ anwụ [[Donald Rodney]] na Marlene Smith na ihe bịara mara dị ka BLK Art Group. Ngosipụta nke ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị ha ''bụ Njikọ Pan-Afrikan'' dọtara mmasị mgbasa ozi ka ọ na-aga Trent Polytechnic na Nottingham; Ụlọ ihe nkiri King Street na Bristol ; na Ụlọ Ọrụ Africa dị na London. Na 1983-84 ihe ngosi njegharị nke abụọ, ''The BLK Art Group'', mere na Herbert Art Gallery na Coventry, Battersea Arts Center na London na, ọzọ, Africa Center. <ref name="ODNB">Pauline de Souza, "[[Rodney, Donald Gladstone]] (1961–1998)", ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]'', Oxford University Press, 2004.</ref> Otú ọ dị, nkatọ nke otu ahụ banyere ịkpa ókè agbụrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ na na n'ofe ụwa nkà nke Britain <ref>Owusu, K., 2000. ''Black British Culture and Society: A Text Reader'', Psychology Press.</ref> ghọrọ akụkụ nke mkpali na-eduga na ''Akụkọ nke ọzọ'', nyocha seminal nke ndị na-ese ihe n'Africa na Asia na London Hayward Gallery na 1989 nakwa dị ka ntọala nke Association of Black Photographers na nguzobe nke Iniva, Institute of International Visual Arts - ụfọdụ n'ime ha gosipụtara ọrụ Piper. <ref name="Iniva">{{Cite web|url=https://iniva.org/programme/projects/keith-piper-relocating-the-remains/|publisher=Iniva|title=Keith Piper: Relocating the Remains Exhibition {{!}} 18 Jul 1997-27 Feb 2000|date=9 March 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://iniva.org/programme/projects/keith-piper-relocating-the-remains/ "Keith Piper: Relocating the Remains Exhibition | 18 Jul 1997-27 Feb 2000"]. Iniva. 9 March 2017.</cite></ref> Achọpụtara foto ya na nyocha 1992 site na magazin ''Ten.8'' . <ref>"Critical Decade: Black British Photography in the 80s", ''[[Ten.8]]'' vol. 2, no. 3, 1992.</ref> Piper nọgidere na-eme ihe na 1990s, 2000s na 2010s, na-egosipụta ọrụ na veranda ndị a ma ama na ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi nka gburugburu ụwa, gụnyere, na 1999, New Museum of Contemporary Art na New York, <ref name="Relocating">{{Cite web|url=http://archive.newmuseum.org/index.php/Detail/Occurrence/Show/occurrence_id/325|title='Keith Piper: Relocating the Remains'|publisher=New Museum Digital Archive}}</ref> na 2007, Victoria na Albert Museum . <ref name="Uncomfortable">{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/slavery-into-the-art-of-darkness-435583.html|work=The Independent|date=9 February 2007|author=Yasmin Alibhai-Brown|authorlink=Yasmin Alibhai-Brown|title=Uncomfortable Truths Review}}</ref> na, na 2012, ''Migrations'' na Tate Britain . <ref name="Migrations">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/jan/31/migrations-tate-britain-review|author=Jonathan Jones|work=The Guardian|date=31 January 2012|title=Migrations exhibition review}}</ref> Na 1998, Piper, ya na Ramona Ramlochand jikọrọ aka na ngosi a na-akpọ ''The Night has A Thousand Eyes'' na Ottawa Art Gallery. Ọ gụnyere ntinye ọnụ n'etiti ha abụọ yana nke ha dị iche iche. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Marks|first=L. U.|date=April–June 1998|title=Keith Piper and Ramona Ramlochand: Ottawa Art Gallery, September 25 - November 23|url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A30014269/ITOF?u=nysl_me_pratt&sid=bookmark-ITOF&xid=2d00ceeb|journal=Parachute: Contemporary Art Magazine|volume=90|pages=47–8}}</ref> A na-eme ihe atụ nke ọrụ Piper n'ọtụtụ mkpokọta ọha, gụnyere mkpokọta Arts Council <ref name="Council">{{Cite web|url=https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/you-are-now-entering-mau-mau-country-63994|title=Art UK - National Collection page|accessdate=2024-06-03|archivedate=2024-06-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603203721/https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/you-are-now-entering-mau-mau-country-63994}}</ref> Tate <ref name="Tate">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tate.org.uk/servlet/ArtistWorks?cgroupid=999999961&artistid=4955&page=1|title=Tate's artist page for Keith Piper}}</ref> na Manchester Art Gallery . <ref name="Manchester">{{Cite web|url=http://www.manchestergalleries.org/the-collections/search-the-collection/display.php?EMUSESSID=1ccb712e28b2ce9d0d64f5125937cf26&irn=9236|title=Manchester Art Gallery page for Keith Piper}}</ref> Asụgharịgharịrị eserese ya 'Untitled' (1986) nke Manchester Art Gallery nwetara na 2022 maka ngosipụta dị ka ọrụ etiti na ụlọ ọrụ ikpe ziri ezi nke ihu igwe ha. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Climate Justice|url=https://manchesterartgallery.org/event/climate-justice/|accessdate=2022-09-27|work=Manchester Art Gallery|language=en-GB}}</ref> Na 2017, Iniva, na mmekorita ya na [http://www.thebluecoat.org.uk/ Bluecoat], gosipụtara ihe ngosi ngosi nke ọrụ Piper. N'ịbụ nke a kpọrọ ''Unearthing the Bankers Bones'', <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iniva.org/programme/projects/unearthing-the-bankers-bones/|title=Unearthing the Banker's Bones Keith Piper Exhibition {{!}} 01 Apr-11 Jun 2017|work=iniva|date=20 December 2016}}</ref> ọ na-egosipụta nnukwu eserese, ntinye na ọrụ dijitalụ nke na-edozi nchegbu banyere mmetụta nke ijikọ ụwa ọnụ. N'ịgbazinye aha ya na ihe ngosi ahụ, isi ihe ngosi ahụ bụ 70th Anniversary Commission for Arts Council Collection na Iniva na Bluecoat, nke nwere ihe ngosi vidiyo dị elu nke atọ jikọtara ọnụ, nke na-egosi akụkọ banyere ọdịda akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta ọha na eze. Nke a bụ ihe ngosi monoographic izizi nke Piper kemgbe atụgharịghachi azụ ''Relocating the Remains'', <ref name="Iniva"/> nke Iniva mepụtara na 1997. <ref>Keith Piper Biography{{Cite web|url=http://www.iniva.org/library/digital-archive/people/p/piper-keith/|title=Peoples Directory, Iniva}}</ref> ''Ndọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke azụghachi azụ - Ọrụ sitere na 1982-2007'' gosipụtara site na Ọktọba ruo Disemba 2019 na Wolverhampton Art Gallery . <ref name="Art UK: on the history of the Black Art Group"/> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wolverhamptonart.org.uk/whats-on/keith-piper-body-politics-work-from-1982-2007/|title=Keith Piper: Body Politics.Work from 1982 – 2007|date=10 October 2019|first=Laura|author=Page|work=Wolverampton Art Gallery|accessdate=31 January 2022}}</ref> Na 2022, Piper mepụtara ihe ngosi ''Jet Black Futures'' nke ewepụtara na New Art Gallery na Walsal site na Jenụwarị 12 ruo Eprel 24. Ọ bụ "nchịkọta mgbasa ozi dijitalụ agwakọta nke ebipụtara n'elu ihe ọcha ma zubere ije ozi dị ka ọkọlọtọ ngagharị iwe." <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Malik|first=A.|date=March 1, 2022|title=Keith Piper: Jet Black Futures: New Art Gallery, Walsall, 14 January to 24 April.|url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsgao&AN=edsgcl.708625407&authtype=sso&custid=s8440772&site=eds-live&scope=site&authtype=sso&custid=s8440772|journal=Art Monthly|volume=454|pages=27}}</ref> ''Viva Voce'', ọrụ akọwapụtara saịtị maka Rex Whistler Room na Tate Britain, mepere na 2024. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Marshall|first=Alex|date=12 March 2024|title=An Artist’s Response to a Racist Mural Walks a Fine Line|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/12/arts/design/tate-britain-mural-keith-piper.html|work=The New York Times}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMarshall2024">Marshall, Alex (12 March 2024). [https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/12/arts/design/tate-britain-mural-keith-piper.html "An Artist's Response to a Racist Mural Walks a Fine Line"]. ''The New York Times''.</cite></ref> == Nrụnye mgbasa ozi na oru ngo ==   * ''Viva Voce,'' 2024 - Ụlọ Rex Whistler, Tate Britain <ref name=":0"/> * ''Onye njem nlegharị anya akụkọ ifo na Europe'', 2001 * ''Ọbara Ọbara Mechanoid'', 2001 * ''Obodo gbawara'', 1998 * ''Akụkụ anọ'', 1998 * ''Onye na-ebu ozi'', 1998 * ''Robot Bodies'', 1998 * ''Ntugharị nke fọdụrụ'', 1997 * ''Akụkọ ifo nke Sayensị'', 1996 * ''Nkuku anọ, asọmpi nke mmegide'', 1995 * ''N'anya na-enweghị atụ'', 1995 * ''Oghere dị egwu'', 1994 * ''Ihe ịrịba ama pụrụ iche'', 1993 * ''Ọrụ Mmehie'', 1993 * ''Nzọụkwụ ọzọ n'ime Arena'', 1992 * ''Nkpado nke ọzọ'', 1992 * ''Azụmahịa ifufe'', 1992 * ''Ụgbọ mmiri a na-akpọ Jizọs'', 1991 * ''Banye na Arena'', 1991 * ''Ekwensu chọtara ọrụ'', 1990 * ''Ndị isi egwu'', 1988 * ''Akwụkwọ ahụaja Diaspora'', 1987 == Ntụaka == mmetụta nke ijikọ ụwa ọnụ. N'ịgbazinye aha ya na ihe ngosi ahụ, isi ihe ngosi ahụ bụ 70th Anniversary Commission for Arts Council Collection na Iniva na Bluecoat, nke nwere ihe ngosi vidiyo dị elu nke atọ jikọtara ọnụ, nke na-egosi akụkọ banyere ọdịda akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta ọha na eze. Nke a{{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.keithpiper.info/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Keith Piper] * [http://www.iniva.org/library/digital-archive/people/p/piper-keith/ Keith Piper, Akwụkwọ ndekọ aha mmadụ], Iniva * [https://web.archive.org/web/20241227155135/https://www.absolutearts.com/artsnews/1999/08/16/25816.html ''Keith Piper: Ịbugharị ihe fọdụrụ''] na New York New Museum of Contemporary Art [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:1960 births]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fwvf3k7dr96s9yyzjtuv4rgypkenqwe 0 47431 638156 213758 2026-05-17T03:06:16Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638156 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joe Ray''' (amụrụ 1944) bụ onye omenkà America dabere na Los Angeles. <ref name="Schad11">Schad, Ed, "Interview with Joe Ray," ''ArtSlant'', October 23, 2011. Retrieved July 18, 2022.</ref> Ọrụ ya kwagara n'etiti abstraction na nnọchite anya na ndị na-ajụ ase gụnyere eserese, ihe ọkpụkpụ, nka ọrụ na foto. <ref name="Wagley17">Wagley Catherine. "5 Free Art Shows to See in L.A. This Week: Joe Ray," ''LA Weekly'', July 26, 2017.</ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na mmalite 1960s wee so na ọtụtụ obodo nka ama ama na Los Angeles, gụnyere Light na Space ije; <ref name="Smith11">Smith, Richard Candida. "African-American Artists of Los Angeles: John W. Outterbridge," University of California, Los Angeles, 2011.</ref> Ndị na-ese ihe nkedo nke mbụ, gụnyere Larry Bell ; <ref name="Schad11" /> na 1970 na-enwe mmetụta nke African-American mkpokọta, [[Senga Nengudi|Studio Z]], nke ọ bụ onye ntọala ya na ndị na-ese ihe dịka David Hammons, [[Senga Nengudi]] na [[Houston Conwill]] . Onye nkatọ Catherine Wagley kọwara Ray dị ka "onye na-ese ihe na-agbasi mbọ ike ịghọta ụdị ọkụ na ohere niile (igwe, mmụọ, ime mmụọ na mpaghara) karịa ihe ọ bụla ma ọ bụ atụmatụ ọ bụla." - ọchịchọ nke ya na ndị ọzọ tụrụ aro dugara ya. a na-aghọtaghị. <ref name="Wagley21" /> <ref name="Dambrot19">Dambrot, Shana Nys. "The Galleries of the Hollywood Media District: Diane Rosenstein," ''LA Weekly'', August 16–22, 2019.</ref> <ref name="Schad11" /> Ray egosila na Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (MOCA), Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA), Contemporary Arts Museum Houston, na Museum of African-American Art na Los Angeles, na ebe ndị ọzọ. Ihe osise ya bụ nke mkpokọta ọha nke LACMA na Nora Eccles Harrison Museum of Art . <ref name="NEHMA">Nora Eccles Harrison Museum of Art. [https://artmuseum-collection.usu.edu/artist-maker/info/1549?artistName=Joe%20Ray Joe Ray], Artist-Maker. Retrieved July 18, 2022.</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na ọrụ == Amụrụ Ray na Beaumont, Texas na 1944 wee tolite na Alexandria, Louisiana . Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, nkà na egwu, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nkà na nkà mmụta sayensị na Mahadum Southwestern Louisiana, otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ ojii ole na ole na kọleji dịpụrụ adịpụ na mbụ. <ref name="Schad11">Schad, Ed, "Interview with Joe Ray," ''ArtSlant'', October 23, 2011. Retrieved July 18, 2022.</ref> N'afọ 1963, o jiri ụgbọ ala gaa Los Angeles ma n'oge na-adịghị anya sonye na ihe ngosi nka dị iche iche nke na-akọwapụtabeghị. <ref name="Schad11" /> Edebanyere ya na US Army wee ziga ya ije ozi na Vietnam na 1965, izu abụọ ka nnupụisi Watts gasịrị. <ref name="Schad11" /> <ref name="CACNO" /> Mgbe o si Vietnam lọta na 1967, Ray biri na mpaghara Leimert Park nke Los Angeles, bụ ebe na-eto eto nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na nke oge a na omenala ndị Africa na America, wee malite ịnwale ihe ọkpụkpụ resin na ndị ọzọ dị ka Larry Bell, Doug Edge na Terry. O'Shea. <ref name="Wagley21" /> <ref name="Schad11" /> Ray mbụ gosipụtara ihe osise ya na 1969 4th Annual Watts Summer Festival Art ngosi, ma mesịa nweta nkwanye ùgwù site na ihe ngosi otu na SFMOMA, Oakland Museum of California, Long Beach Museum of Art, na LACMA ("24 Young Los Angeles Artists," 1971; "Afọ 10 nke Nnweta Council Art Contemporary," 1973). <ref name="Tuchman73">Tuchman, Maurice. ''Ten Years of Contemporary Art Council Acquisitions: Inaugurating The New Contemporary Art Galleries'', Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1973.</ref> Mgbe ọ natachara onyinye nturu ugo na-eto eto sitere na LACMA na 1970, o debanyere aha na klas mbụ na California Institute of Arts ọhụrụ, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na John Baldessari, Allan Kaprow na Nam June Paik . <ref name="Schad11">Schad, Ed, "Interview with Joe Ray," ''ArtSlant'', October 23, 2011. Retrieved July 18, 2022.</ref> Mgbe ọ nọ ebe ahụ, ọ nwalere arụmọrụ, foto na nka vidiyo wee gụchaa ya na BFA na klas mmalite nke 1973. N'agbata 1978 na 1980, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị otu izizi iri na ise nke MOCA Los Angeles Artists Advisory Council, yana Vija Celmins, Robert Irwin na ndị ọzọ. <ref name="Schad11" /> N'ime ọrụ ya mechara, Ray gụnyere na ihe ngosi LACMA, "Emere na California: Art, Image and Identity (1900-2000)," nyocha ihe ngosi nka "LA Object & David Hammons Body Prints" (2007, Tilton Gallery, New York; Roberts & Tilton, Los Angeles), <ref name="Rogers11">Rogers Tilton, Connie and Lindsay Charlwood (eds). [https://www.si.edu/object/siris_sil_972664 ''L.A. Object & David Hammons Body Prints''], New York/Los Angeles: Jack Tilton Gallery/ Roberts & Tilton Gallery, 2011. Retrieved July 18, 2022.</ref> "The Artist's Museum" (MOCA LA, 2010), na Prospect.3 na New Orleans, n'etiti ndị ọzọ. Na 2017, nyocha nke afọ 50 nke ọrụ ya, "Constellation Complexion," mere na Diane Rosenstein Gallery na Los Angeles. <ref name="Wagley17">Wagley Catherine. "5 Free Art Shows to See in L.A. This Week: Joe Ray," ''LA Weekly'', July 26, 2017.</ref> == Ọrụ na nnabata == Ọrụ Ray na 1960s na 1970s sitere na ihe ọkpụkpụ nkedo-resin na-adịghị ahụkebe ruo na foto ndị yiri akwụkwọ na ọrụ metụtara arụmọrụ. Ndị nkatọ na-atụ aro na ụdị ọrụ abụọ ikpeazụ a na-ekwu maka ihe njirimara nke mebiela omume ya na-abụghị nke ihe atụ ma kewapụ ya na ndị na-ese ihe nkedo-resin na Light na Space. <ref name="Krull96">Krull, Craig, ''Photographing the L.A. Art Scene 1955-1975'', Santa Monica, CA: Smart Art Press, 1996. Retrieved July 18, 2022.</ref> Malite na ngwụcha 1970s, o lekwasịrị anya karịa na eserese mgbasa ozi agwakọta ihe atụ nke na-enyocha oghere ime na mpụta yana okwu metụtara njirimara agbụrụ na ahaghị nhata. Onye nkatọ Shana Nys Dambrot edewo na ihe ngosi pụtara ìhè nke omume Ray "n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-edepụta eriri nke echiche na ọmarịcha gestalt nke jikọtara ọrụ ya niile na-aga n'ihu nke ìhè, agba, ngwa anya / ihe mgbagwoju anya, na ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka nghọta, eserese, arụmọrụ, na abstraction. " <ref name="Dambrot17" /> === Ihe ọkpụkpụ nkedo resin === N'etiti 1960s, Ray malitere inyocha ihe nkedo na resin, ihe ọhụrụ maka ndị na-ese ihe na-tinyere ìhè-bịara iji kọwaa Light na Space ije. <ref name="Schad11">Schad, Ed, "Interview with Joe Ray," ''ArtSlant'', October 23, 2011. Retrieved July 18, 2022.</ref> <ref name="Smith11">Smith, Richard Candida. "African-American Artists of Los Angeles: John W. Outterbridge," University of California, Los Angeles, 2011.</ref> Ndị a na-akpụ akpụ, gụnyere Ray, nabatara ma sayensị, akụkụ teknụzụ nke ihe na ihe ndị ọzọ na-esoteric, echiche na-agbanwe agbanwe, dị ka ikike nke inwe ụdị siri ike ma mee ka ọkụ na-agafe agafe na gburugburu ya. Ọkpụkpụ resin mbụ nke Ray na-atụgharị ma were ọdịdị bụ isi: spheres pristine, ọkara okirikiri, arcs na mgbanaka. <ref name="Schad" /> <ref name="Sirmans14" /> Ọ gbakwunyere ha pigmenti-n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ agba swiiti ( ''Two Arcs and Half-Sphere'', 1969) na ndị ọzọ ụkpụrụ ojii na ọcha, dị ka na ''New Eye'' (1969). <ref name="Wagley17">Wagley Catherine. "5 Free Art Shows to See in L.A. This Week: Joe Ray," ''LA Weekly'', July 26, 2017.</ref> <ref name="Schad" /> Ọrụ nke ikpeazụ jikọtara ya na ndị na-ese ihe na Light na Space na-ya na tubes ojii na nke ọcha na-akọwa okwu agbụrụ-na ụzọ ọzọ, ụwa nkà nke Africa-American n'ebe ndịda nke Freeway 10, gbadoro ụkwụ na Leimert Park, [[Alonzo Davis]] 's Brockman Gallery, na Osisi 32. <ref name="Schad" /> <ref name="Rogers11"/> Ọrụ resin Ray na-egosipụta mmasị ya na sayensị na mmụọ, echiche euphoric, ahụ mmadụ n'otu n'otu na sistemu ya, na cosmos. ''Ihe mgbanaka'' ya na-esote (1980–3) ka akọwara dị ka ọrụ nka nka na-egbu mgbu nke mgbanaka mgbanaka asaa dị omimi, mgbanaka na okirikiri etinyere n'akụkụ n'akụkụ conjure ọtụtụ ihe atụ. <ref name="NEHMA"/> Curator Ed Schad dere, ihe ọkpụkpụ ahụ "na-adọta ahịrị ụmụ mmadụ site na ụwa na-enweghị njedebe nke oghere atomiki site na nhazi nke obi mmadụ na usoro nke kpakpando na usoro mbara igwe," ya na njikọ asaa ya na-ejikọta na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ "ihe omimi na ọnụọgụgụ pụtara., na-agbakwunye ihu nzuzo." <ref name="Schad" /> === Foto na ọrụ metụtara arụmọrụ === Ndị na-ahụ maka ọrụ na-esetịpụ foto Ray's 1970s n'etiti ndị na-ese ihe na-adọrọ mmasị na ndekọ ndụ obodo kwa ụbọchị yana mmekọrịta na-adịghị ahụkebe mgbe ụfọdụ n'etiti ndị mmadụ na gburugburu ha. Na 1970, ọ laghachiri n'obodo ya Louisiana wee sere ụmụaka, ndị okenye, ụlọ egbe egbe na okporo ámá ebe ahụ. Ihe onyonyo a na-akwụwa aka ọtọ, akwụkwọ akụkọ-dị ka ihe osise-31 ojii na-acha ọcha, mbipụta gelatin-ọlaọcha-gụnyere usoro “Untitled” (1970–2), nke gosipụtara mmetụta ya gbasara agbataobi na ndụ ya, ebe ọ na-akọwapụta oke nke ya. trajectory n'oge na ebe. <ref name="Fox00" /> Ndị dịkọrọ ndụ n'usoro isiokwu ahụ bụ ọrụ nka ọnụ ọnụ nke Ray—ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị na ihe omume ndị a na-eme ndụ ndị a na-edekarị na foto na vidiyo. Ndị a gụnyere, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịsacha ụgbọ ala mmadụ, nke ya na ndị enyi ya na-eji ejiji dị ka nnukwu, brushes floppy ma kpuchie onwe ha na ụfụfụ na-acha ọcha, na mgbada na-agbadata na eriri site na ọnụ ụzọ ụlọ elu n'oge egwu egwu. <ref name="Schad11">Schad, Ed, "Interview with Joe Ray," ''ArtSlant'', October 23, 2011. Retrieved July 18, 2022.</ref> N'afọ 1971, Ray, Terry O'Shea na Doug Edge gosipụtara na ngosi mmeghe nke Market Street Programme (1971-3), ọrụ mmalite, nka na nke ọha mmadụ na-akwado nke Walter Hopps na Robert Irwin. <ref name="Shipper95">Shipper, Merle. "The Market Street Program," ''ArtScene'', September 1995.</ref> <ref name="Simms15">Simms, Matthew. ''Mapping the Los Angeles Art Underground: The Market Street Program 1971-1973'', Archives of American Art Journal, Smithsonian Institution, 2015.</ref> Kama igosi ihe osise resin nke onwe ha, ha họọrọ ịnwale dị ka atọ na echiche echiche na foto na-enyocha clichés ndị a ma ama banyere ndị na-ese ihe n'oge a-dị ka dandy, onye ọzọ, libertine ma ọ bụ ịhụnanya-na-edepụta nsonaazụ, "The Fantasy Show." <ref name="Plagens72" /> <ref name="Shipper95" /> <ref name="Simms15" /> Onyonyo ha gụnyere oriri na-atọ ụtọ, Buñuel - dị ka black-tie oriri maka atọ; ihe na-adịghị mma, na-enweghị uwe mwụda biker scenario spoofing machismo; na egwuregwu poker na Ray na ụmụ nwanyị atọ, na-ezo aka na foto Duchamp 1963 a ma ama nke onwe ya na-egwu chess na Pasadena Art Museum . <ref name="Plagens72" /> <ref name="Simms15" /> <ref name="Wagley17">Wagley Catherine. "5 Free Art Shows to See in L.A. This Week: Joe Ray," ''LA Weekly'', July 26, 2017.</ref> === Ihe osise === N'afọ ndị 1990, Ray kere ihe osise nke na-enyocha ihe gbasara njirimara, ikpe ziri ezi nke agbụrụ na nsonye site na iji ihe oyiyi eme ihe - dị ka akara na ihe ndị nkịtị - nke mebiri echiche ọjọọ na agbụrụ agbụrụ. Otu afọ mgbe ọgba aghara Los Angeles kpalitere site na ikpe obi ọjọọ ndị uwe ojii Rodney King na ntọhapụ, ọ dechara usoro gụnyere ọrụ ''US'' na ''Blue Spade'' (ma 1993); aha mbụ ọrụ na-ezo aka ma United States na nemegide nke nnọchiaha nke "anyị," nke nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ gụnyere ma ọ bụ nkewa, dị ka na "anyị vs. ha." Usoro ahụ jikọtara akara nke nnwere onwe na nha anya na mmegide na mkpesa: ihe mkpuchi gazelle na-anọchi anya mpaghara Africa; [[Kente cloth|akwa kente]], akwa Ghana nke nwere ihe ọ pụtara nye ndị si n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka nke o jiri nọrọ n'ọnọdụ ebe ọkọlọtọ ọkọlọtọ America na-acha anụnụ anụnụ; okooko osisi yiri ka ọ na-esi na kọmpat na-eto; mkpọsa nke agba ojii na-atụ aro n'akụkụ ụzọ obodo mepere emepe nwere ntụpọ, iwe ma ọ bụ Nkwuwapụta Abstract; ụtarị na-acha ọcha, obe na-acha ọbara ọbara, na ụdị spade na-eme ka agbụrụ agbụrụ, egwuregwu kaadị na ngwá ọrụ. <ref name="LACMA2" /> <ref name="McCash14" /> <ref name="Sirmans14" /> Na 2014, e gosipụtara usoro ahụ na Prospect.3 na New Orleans, na-esote Michael Brown agbapụ ; Na nyocha ''New Orleans Times-Picayune'', Doug McCash dere, sị, "Ịhụta ihe osise Ray na ịgụ akụkọ ha n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 2014 bụ ahụmahụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke mesiri ike nkà nwere akara oge ... ma ọ bụ oge." == Ntụaka == Blue Spade (ma 1993); aha mbụ ọrụ na-ezo aka ma United States na nemegide nke nnọchiaha nke "anyị," nke nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ gụnyere ma ọ bụ nkewa, dị ka na "anyị vs. ha." Usoro ahụ jikọtara akara nke nnwere onwe na nha anya na mmegide na mkpesa: ihe mkpuchi gazelle na-anọchi anya mpaghara Africa; akwa kente, akwa Ghana nke nwere ihe ọ pụtara nye ndị si n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka nke o jiri nọrọ n'ọnọdụ ebe ọkọlọtọ ọkọlọtọ America na-acha anụnụ anụnụ; okooko osisi{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://dianerosenstein.com/artists/37-joe-ray/overview/ Joe Ray], Diane Rosenstein Gallery * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240609081236/https://collections.lacma.org/node/169482 Joe Ray], Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Los Angeles County, mkpokọta [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 04jki8nou07qmlhws9r3o0m7g7tdeeh 0 47552 638085 632169 2026-05-16T12:11:14Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638085 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Usòrò:Hugo Ballin - Mar 1924 ETR.jpg|thumb|Hugo Ballin ]] Hugo Ballin NA<nowiki></link></nowiki> (March 7, 1879 – Nọvemba 27, 1956 [1] ) bụ onye omenkà America, onye na-ese foto, onye ode akwụkwọ na onye ntụzi ihe nkiri.  Ballin bụ onye otu National Institute of Arts and Letters [2] na National Academy of Design . == Akụkọ ndụ == QqA egwuregwu Ballin na New York City wee gbanwee na Art Student League nke New York .  Mgbe e wuru isi obodo Wisconsin na akwa awụ nke 20, Ball ụgbọ ihe osise 26 maka ime ya.  [1] Na 1917 ọ ịrịba ọrụ maka Goldwyn Pictures na [[Nú Jezị|New Jersey]] dị ka onye ntụziaka nka na onye ike ihe, na 1921 ọ kwagara Los Angeles na Samuel Goldwyn .  N'oge na-adịghị anya ọ nọkwa na-eduzi, na-ede ma na-ahụ ihe nkiri ndị gbachiri maka ụlọ ọrụ ihe nke ya.  Ọ mụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Mabel Croft Ballin. Mgbe Hollywood ahụ ime foto okwu, Ballin ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri, n'ihe mbụ ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri azụ.  Ọka otu n'ime ndị na-ese foto mbụ na mpaghara Los Angeles, na-ebe ihe ọrụ nke ka na-eso n'ebe ndị dị ka Griffith Observatory, Wilshire Boulevard Temple, LA County General Hospital (nke a  maara ugbu a dị ka Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center ), na Burbank City.  ọchịchị <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lacountyarts.org/civicart/01_First_District/civic_LACUSC.htm|title=LA County Arts Commission - Civic Art Active Projects|work=lacountyarts.org|accessdate=3 May 2015|archivedate=3 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303201849/http://www.lacountyarts.org/civicart/01_First_District/civic_LACUSC.htm}}</ref> Ballin ekiri National Academician na 1906, mgbe Society of American Artists, nke a na-egosi na 1905, akwụkwọ ya na National Academy of Design.  N'otu afụ ahụ, Ballin National Academy of Design's Thomas B. Clarke Prize maka ọrụ ya, "Nne na Nwa".  N'afọ 1940, maka ọrụ ya "The Deposition", nke na-egosi na a napụrụ ihe n'obe, e mere ihe nrite Clarke ọzọ, ihe omume na-ahụ ahụkebe na-eme ihe mere eme nke Academy.. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PHH45aYubp4C|title=Paintings and Sculpture in the Collection of the National Academy of Design: 1826-1925|first=David Bernard|author=Dearinger|date=1 January 2004|publisher=Hudson Hills|isbn=9781555950293}}</ref> Isi ụlọ ọrụ bụ n'iche ya na Pacific Palisades, [[California]] .  A na-eli ya na ebe ili ozu Woodlawn, Santa Monica, ebe otu n'ime ọrụ ikpeazụ ya, otu ihe osise nke na-egosi ndụ na ọhụhụ nke ntaba.  Ọrụ ya bụkwa nke ihe ọrụ ike na 1932 Summer Olympics. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/921441|title=Hugo Ballin|work=Olympedia|accessdate=2 August 2020}}</ref> == Mgbidi ahọpụtara == [[Usòrò:Los_Angeles_Times_interior_with_globe.jpg|thumb| Mgbidi Ballin n'ime ọnụ ụlọ nke Los Angeles Times Building]] * Mgbidi ''ụlọ ọrụ Burbank'' ( Ụlọ Nzukọ Obodo Burbank ) * Usoro nke fresco murals na-egosi sayensị ahụike na vaults na groins nke ntinye aka na Los Angeles County General Hospital (nka LAC-USC Medical Center ), ụlọ nwekwara ọrụ nke onye na-ese ihe S. Cartaino Scarpitta. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.laconservancy.org/locations/los-angeles-countyusc-medical-center|title=Los Angeles County+USC Medical Center {{!}} Los Angeles Conservancy|work=www.laconservancy.org|language=en|accessdate=2018-04-27}}</ref> Ihe mkpuchi ahụ bụ naanị frescos ọha ama ama nke Ballin mepụtara. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lacountyarts.org/civicart/objects-1/info/19|title=Untitled {{!}} LA County Arts Commission|work=www.lacountyarts.org|date=10 October 2016|language=en|accessdate=2018-04-27|archivedate=2018-04-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428094410/https://www.lacountyarts.org/civicart/objects-1/info/19}}</ref> * Ihe osise dị na Globe Lobby nke Ụlọ Los Angeles Times * Mgbidi isii na-egosi akụkọ ihe mere eme California ( ''La Brea Tar Pits'', ''Spanish Period'', ''Treaty of Cauenga'', ''First Survey of Los Angeles'', ''Coming of the Railroad'' and ''The Modern Scene'' ) n'ime ọnụ ụlọ elevator nke [[Title Guarantee and Trust Company Building/Los Angeles Public Library]] * ''Nkụzi Rudimentary,'' ihe osise nke Federal Public Works of Art Project kwadoro ma nye ya na El Rodeo Elementary School, Beverly Hills. * ''The Apotheosis of Power'' (Southern California Edison Building/One Bunker Hill tinyere ọrụ Robert Merrell Gage, Barse Miller na Conrad Buff ) * ''Ihe ngosi nke anọ nnwere onwe'' ( Burbank City Hall ) * ''March nke Sayensị Site n'Age'' ( Griffith Observatory, Los Angeles, California) * ''Warner Memorial Murals'' ( Ụlọ nsọ Wilshire Boulevard ) * Mgbidi ''mmiri, ike na ọkụ'' (Ụlọ nchekwa mmiri na ike nchịkwa Burbank) <ref name="GC">{{Cite web|title=Water, Power and Light|url=http://www.grconnect.com/murals/html/p9171402.html|work=Grassroots Connection|accessdate=1 October 2023}}</ref> <ref name="BWP">{{Cite web|title=Renovation of Historic Administration Building|url=https://www.burbankwaterandpower.com/images/administrative/downloads/Historic-Adm-Building.pdf|work=Burbank Water and Power|accessdate=1 October 2023}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ ahọpụtara == * [https://books.google.com/books?id=rgctAAAAYAAJ&dq=inauthor%3A%22Hugo%20Ballin%22&pg=PT8 ''Eserese eserese n'ime ụlọ Executive Chamber State Capitol Building, Madison, Wis.''] (1913) * ''Ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka gbajiri agbaji'' (1924) * ''Nwanyị nọ n'ọnụ ụzọ'' (1925) * ''Ihe mkparị'' (1928) * ''Dolce Far Niente'' (1933) == Filmografii ahọpụtara ==   == Ntụaka == <references /> {{Commons category}} * [http://scalar.usc.edu/hc/hugo-ballins-los-angeles/index Edemede webụ ''"Hugo Ballin's Los Angeles"'' nke Caroline Luce dere] * {{IMDb name|0050846}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303201849/http://www.lacountyarts.org/civicart/01_First_District/civic_LACUSC.htm Ibe Ballin na LA County Arts Commission] * [http://www.burbankusa.com/citymanager/CouncilChamber.htm Mgbidi ụlọ ime obodo Burbank] prz6qnq068rrqwgw5l6nhquwbtomo15 0 47566 638084 174833 2026-05-16T12:04:02Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638084 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Dr._Hubert_Massey_(cropped).jpg|thumb| Hubert Massey]] {{Databox}}'''Hubert Massey''' (amụrụ 1958) <ref>{{Cite book|author=Nawrocki|first=Dennis|title=Art in Detroit Public Places|date=2008|isbn=978-0-8143-3378-5|publisher=Wayne State University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DLqZKaoCLtUC&dq=hubert+massey+1958&pg=PA46|accessdate=12 May 2016}}</ref> <ref name="Alline">{{Cite web|author=Alline|title=Renowned Muralist and Flint native Hubert Massey|url=http://www.cpsaflint.com/renowned-muralist-and-flint-native-hubert-massey|work=CPSA Courier|accessdate=12 May 2016|archivedate=21 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821022856/http://www.cpsaflint.com/renowned-muralist-and-flint-native-hubert-massey/}}</ref> bụ onye na-ese ihe dị iche iche, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Thank you Hubert Massey|url=http://scarabclub.org/2015/04/keeping-it-alive-hubert-massey|work=The Scarab Club of Detroit|accessdate=12 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503121936/http://scarabclub.org/2015/04/keeping-it-alive-hubert-massey/|archivedate=3 May 2016}}</ref> ma mara nke ọma maka nrụnye ya buru ibu na ụdị Buon Fresco . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.artxdetroit.com/2013-art-x-detroit/artists/hubert-massey/|title=Hubert Massey {{!}} 2015|date=2012-10-30|work=Art X Detroit|language=en-US|accessdate=2016-06-04|archivedate=2016-08-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809085704/http://www.artxdetroit.com/2013-art-x-detroit/artists/hubert-massey/}}</ref> Massey nwere ọrụ nka ọhaneze iri na ise na steeti Michigan niile, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Atkins|first=Elizabeth|title=Artist Hubert Massey|url=https://www.blac.media/?s=hubert+massey|work=BLAC Detroit|accessdate=12 May 2016}}</ref> na ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara dị iche iche nyere ya ọrụ gụnyere mahadum, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Peek Jr.|first=Rev. V. Lonnie|title=Hubert Massey|url=http://www.artxdetroit.com/2013-art-x-detroit/artists/hubert-massey|work=ARTXDetroit|accessdate=12 May 2016|archivedate=9 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809085704/http://www.artxdetroit.com/2013-art-x-detroit/artists/hubert-massey/}}</ref> ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, ụlọ oriri na ọ hotelsụ hotelsụ na Michigan Department of Transportation . <ref name=":0" /> Ya na nwunye ya Marquita bi ugbu a na Detroit, Michigan. <ref name=":0" /> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Hubert Massey na Flint, [[Michigan]] na 1958. <ref name=":0"/> Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Beecher High School <ref name="Alline"/> wee nweta nzere bachelọ nke Arts na Mahadum Grand Valley State na 1981. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Resume|url=http://www.hubertmasseymurals.com/about-hubert-masse|work=Hubert Massey Murals|accessdate=12 May 2016|archivedate=12 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912174350/http://www.hubertmasseymurals.com/about-hubert-masse}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu na ọmụmụ ihe nka na Slade School of Fine Art nke Mahadum London. <ref name=":0" /> N'ebe ahụ, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Stephen Dimitroff, Lucienne Bloch, na ndị ọzọ na-amụ banyere onye na-ese ihe nkiri Diego Rivera . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Hubert Massey|url=http://artgallery.gvsu.edu/index.php/Detail/entities/367|work=Grand Valley State University|accessdate=12 May 2016}}</ref> Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Massey rụrụ ọrụ na Gannett Outdoor Sign Company dị ka onye na-ese ihe osise maka afọ 12. <ref name="Alline" /> Ọ zutere Marquita wee mụọ ụmụ atọ, ọkachasị Jordon Massey onye na-asụ ụzọ nyocha sinkhole ya na onye ọgbọ John Paul Hager. == Ọrụ == N'ịbụ onye na-arụ ọrụ n'ụdị usoro nka dị mma, Massey ebipụtala ọrụ 15 n'ime obodo Detroit, Flint, Ann Arbor, na Grand Rapids. <ref name=":0"/> Massey bụ onye na-ese ihe osise nke 30-foot high Hellenic mural na Atheneum Hotel, 18-foot high frescoes na Detroit Athletic Club, na ''Genealogy'', terrazzo nke dị mita 72 na-eme ka ọnụ ụzọ nke Charles H. Wright Museum nke Africa mara mma. Akụkọ America . <ref name=":0" /> Massey bụ onye mbụ Africa-American nyere iwu ka o mepụta eserese maka Detroit Athletic Club. <ref name=":0" /> O mekwara ọrụ nke ugegbe nwere ntụpọ na Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church, <ref name=":0" /> na ''Paradaịs Valley'', terrazzo na Harmonie Park dị na Detroit nke na-egosipụta ndị akụkọ ihe mere eme, ndị egwu egwu, na ndị isi obodo metụtaworo mpaghara ahụ. <ref name=":0" /> Ọrụ ndị agbakwunyere gụnyere ndị egosipụtara na ''Mbubata na Mbupu nke Ọmụma'' nke Massey n'ụlọ Richard DeVos na ogige ụlọ akwụkwọ mahadum Grand Valley State. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Feature Stories|url=http://www.gvsu.edu/alumni/module-spotlight-view.htm?siteModuleId=6510D038-0466-229B-61CF38FD1B8F7C19&entryId=36383C40-CF0E-E06E-AACC964A70B5D4F7|work=Grand Valley State University|accessdate=12 May 2016}}</ref> Ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-egosi na Grand Valley State University gụnyere ''Snow na Rocks'', ''Panorama'', ''Ndị enyi Henry Ford'', na ''Magnolia's Song'' . <ref name=":1" /> A na-egosipụta mpempe ya ''Trompe l'oeil'' na Mahadum Michigan na Ann Arbor, <ref name=":1" /> ''Ụwa, Ifufe, na Ọkụ'' na Flint Institute of Arts, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Jackson|first=Mitzi Kay|title=Critique of an Art Institution "Hubert Massey"|url=http://www.authorsden.com/categories/article_top.asp?catid=44&id=52228|work=AuthorsDen|accessdate=12 May 2016}}</ref> na mgbidi abụọ granite na Campus Martius Park na Detroit. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kovelle|first=Kim|title=Muralist Hubert Massey: Larger than Life Dad|url=http://www.metroparent.com/daily/parenting/parenting-issues-tips/muralist-hubert-massey-larger-than-life-dad|work=Metro Parent|date=January 2011|accessdate=12 May 2016|archivedate=20 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820232201/http://www.metroparent.com/daily/parenting/parenting-issues-tips/muralist-hubert-massey-larger-than-life-dad/}}</ref> Massey bụkwa onye omenkà mbụ nke Ngalaba Ụgbọ njem nke Michigan nyere ọrụ. <ref name=":0"/> Otu kọmitii na-achọ ihe nke mba họpụtara, Massey kere ''The Spiral of Life'' mural nke dị na Bagley Pedestrian Bridge na Southwest Detroit. <ref name=":0" /> Edebere nso ma akwa akwa Ambassador na Detroit Mexicantown International Welcome Center na Mercado, eserese ahụ na-anọchi anya omenala Latino bara ụba na mpaghara ahụ. <ref name=":0" /> Ọrụ ndị ọzọ gụnyere ''Spiral Kinship'', <ref name=":0" /> na ''Ọnwụ nke Hector'' . <ref name=":0" /> Na 2016, Massey ga-achọ ntinye obodo maka eserese nke ọ ga-ekpughe na Cobo Center na Detroit. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Hubert Massey Fresco Project|url=http://www.drcfa.org/about-us/hubert-massey|work=Detroit Regional Convention Facility Authority|accessdate=12 May 2016}}</ref> Dị ka ekwuru na N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na BLAC Detroit, ebumnuche Massey na obodo ndị mepere emepe America bụ "ime mgbanwe site n'ịkọ akụkọ banyere ịba ọgaranya omenala anyị." <ref>{{Cite web|title=Celebrating a City's Culture in Terrazzo|url=http://www.ncterrazzo.com/celebrating-a-citys-culture-in-terrazzo/|work=North Central Terrazzo Association|publisher=NCTA Administration|accessdate=12 May 2016|archivedate=23 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160523073200/http://www.ncterrazzo.com/celebrating-a-citys-culture-in-terrazzo/}}</ref> Dị ka naanị onye na-ese ihe nkiri fresco Africa-American na United States, Massey na-achọ ịkọ akụkọ site na ihe osise ya na "mmụọ mepere emepe nke na-agwọ mmadụ niile." <ref name=":0"/> A na-ahụkwa Massey maka ịrụ ọrụ na obodo, ndị ntorobịa, na itinye ha na usoro nhazi. <ref name=":0" /> N'afọ 2013, Massey kụziri otu ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ese ihe si na Henry Ford Academy n'oge ọrụ afọ. N'okpuru nduzi Massey, ụmụ akwụkwọ ahụ wepụtara ihe osise 8 site na 28 dị n'ụkwụ na William Seidman Center na Mahadum Grand State Valley. <ref name="Grand Valley State University">{{Cite web|title=Artists and donors attend Art in the Evening|url=http://www.gvsu.edu/gvnow/?articleId=1016B0DD-994F-56A5-1A080B8926B6F772|work=Grand Valley State University|accessdate=12 May 2016}}</ref> Massey na-eje ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ nka maka Detroit Council of Arts na Mmemme Ọrụ Ndị Ntorobịa Detroit Summer. Ọ na-arụkọkwa ọrụ na Mmemme Advanced Gifted and Talented, mmekorita dị n'etiti Mahadum Wayne State na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọha Detroit. <ref name=":2"/> == Ihe nrite == Na 1993, a họpụtara Hubert Massey ka ọ bụrụ onye otu National Society of Mural Painters nke New York. <ref name=":2"/> N'ihi ntinye aka ya na obodo ya, Massey nyekwara ya na Wayne County Community Leaders Council na 1995. <ref name=":2" /> N'April 2001, Massey nwetara ihe nrite Alumni a ma ama site na Grand Valley State University, <ref name=":0"/> ghọtara dị ka onye okenye nwere nnukwu ọganiihu na ọrụ ọkachamara ya. <ref name=":2" /> Massey bụkwa ihe ịma aka America Grant Awardee nke National Endowment of Arts na 2007 <ref name=":0" /> wee mata ya dị ka onye otu Visual Arts Fellow site na Kresge Foundation na 2011. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Hubert Massey 2011 Visual Arts Fellow|url=http://www.kresgeartsindetroit.org/portfolio-posts/hubert-massey/|work=Kresge Arts in Detroit|publisher=The Kresge Foundation|accessdate=12 May 2016}}</ref> Na 2013, Massey nwetara akara ugo mmụta doctorate na Mahadum Grand Valley State. <ref name="Alline"/> Massey bụ onye nnata nke mmụọ nke Detroit Award, Dr. Alaine Locke Recognition Award, na ọ bụ Artist in Residence maka ma Ruth Mott Foundation na Grand Valley State University. <ref name="Grand Valley State University"/> == Ntụaka == , Lucienne Bloch, na ndị ọzọ na-amụ banyere onye na-ese ihe nkiri Diego Rivera . Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Massey rụrụ ọrụ na Gannett Outdoor Sign Company dị ka onye na-ese ihe osise maka afọ 12. Ọ zutere Marquita wee mụọ ụmụ atọ, ọkachasị Jordon Massey onye na-asụ ụzọ nyocha sinkhole ya na onye ọgbọ John Paul{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 9uzn8n2p2ck547yoeel8axoyq89idkl 0 48727 638177 580572 2026-05-17T10:07:36Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638177 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Keariene Muizz''' ( / kɪəˈr iːn / ; amuru Nọvemba 18, 1977) bu onye ihe osise America nke oge a ama ama maka igosiputa ihe oyiyi nke Paris na ibu onye mbu meputara uwe sitere na eserese mmanụ o mere. <ref name="today">{{Cite web|url=http://thelook.today.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/02/10/10366780-no-buttons-no-zippers-just-canvas-the-dress-made-out-of-an-oil-painting?fb_ref=.TzWnpt1tmEU.like&fb_source=profile_oneline|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230060248/http://thelook.today.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/02/10/10366780-no-buttons-no-zippers-just-canvas-the-dress-made-out-of-an-oil-painting?fb_ref=.TzWnpt1tmEU.like&fb_source=profile_oneline|archivedate=2017-12-30|title=No buttons, no zippers, just canvas: The dress made out of an oil painting|publisher=The Today Show}}</ref> A makwaara Keariene itinye akwụkwọ ọgụgụ psychoanalytic nke Sigmund Freud n'ime echiche nka ya. Na mgbakwunye, ọ bụ onye nta akụkọ nka na omenala na-agbasa ozi na KX 93.5 fm, Radio Caravan. <ref name="KX 93.5 FM">{{Cite web|url=http://kx935.com/podcast/radiocaravanspodcast|title=KX 93.5 FM Radio Caravan|publisher=KX 93.5 FM|accessdate=2014-12-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227163833/http://kx935.com/podcast/radiocaravanspodcast|archivedate=2014-12-27}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == === Ndụ mbido === A mụrụ Muizz na Chicago. Nne Muizz bụ [[Ndị Afụrịka ǹkè Amerịka|onye oji America]] na nna ya bụ onye Alakụba. Keariene kwagara United States oge niile n'oge ndụ ya niile. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị atọ n'afọ ọhụrụ ya wee gụchaa na Whittier High School . Mmalite okike ya gbasaara n'oge a ka ọ malitere ịkpụ akpụ, na-enweta mmasị nke ndị ngalaba dị iche iche. A ga-etinye ụzọ ezi uche dị na ya si kọwaa gburugburu ya n'akụkụ niile nke ndụ ya. A ga-egosipụtakwa nkọwapụta a ma emechaa n'ịhụnanya o nwere ịkọwapụta ihe owuwu na ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Paris. === Ọrụ === Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu, onye na-eto eto na-ese ihe malitere ịnakọta ihe osise agba na ebumnuche nke isi na pad sketch gaa kwaaji. Ọ ga-akọwa ya ma emechaa nye ndị Associated Press <ref name="ap">{{Cite web|url=http://hosted.ap.org/specials/interactives/_national/tombstone_art/|title=Associated Press Sponsored Slide Show|publisher=Associated Press|accessdate=2024-06-17|archivedate=2016-03-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174600/http://hosted.ap.org/specials/interactives/_national/tombstone_art/}}</ref> dị ka, "...a eriri n'ime obi m na enweghị m ike iji okwu tọhapụ ya." Ọ bụghị ruo mgbe Muizz na-akpali akpali na onye na-atụgharị uche gara Europe ruo izu isii, na-eme njem naanị ya na England, Greece, Italy na France na ọ ga-etinye aka na ụzọ nkà ya. Mgbe ọ lọghachiri, ọ dechara ihe osise mbụ ya, ihe osise nke nwanne ya nwanyị tọrọ ya. Ya mere ịmalite mmasị ya n'iji ihe ndị a chọtara maka ihe osise ya, na ime ka mkpa ya mepụta 'Zdenka Cuff' dị oke ọnụ. N'afọ 2006, Muizz mepere ụlọ ngosi nka mbụ ya. O mechara kwaga Muizz Gallery na Lido na Newport Beach. N'ịbụ onye igbu ọchụ nke Jeanette O'Keefe na-edozighị <ref name="wp">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/30/AR2008043003353.html|title=Slain Friend's Memory Sets Painter on New Artistic Path: Graveyards|work=Washington Post|first=John|author=Rogers|date=May 1, 2008|accessdate=May 7, 2010}}</ref> Muizz kpughere akụkụ nke iru uju ya site na mkpughe nke ''mkpokọta Nkume dị nsọ'' . Achọpụtara dị ka onye na-ese ihe mbụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme gosipụtara ili nke Pere Lachaise Cemetery . Na February 2009, e jidere onye gburu Jeanette O'Keefe na Paris, France </link> . Enyere onye gburu ya ikpe kachasị n'okpuru iwu French na Jenụwarị 2012. <ref name="au">{{Cite news|url=http://www.whatsontianjin.com/news-2260-adriano-araujo-da-silva-jailed-for-2001-murder-of-oz-student-jeanette-o-keefe.html|title=Melbourne family's grief laid bare in French court|publisher=The Age|first=Karen|author=Kissane|date=January 7, 2012|accessdate=January 7, 2012}}</ref> A na-ekwu na akụkọ ikpe a bụ ihe na-akpalite ndị na-ese ihe na-achọ ịgbanwe ihe osise mmanụ ya "Playing Gd" ka ọ bụrụ uwe maxi nke a na-akwa akwa, na-eji ihe ọ bụla azọpụtaghị eserese ahụ n'onwe ya. <ref name="today"/> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230603184223/http://muizzgallery.com/ Weebụsaịtị gọọmentị] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141227163833/http://kx935.com/podcast/radiocaravanspodcast KX 93.5 FM Redio Caravan] * [https://www.facebook.com/pages/MUIZZ-GALLERY-PARIS-EVERYDAY/293748992608 Facebook Official] * [http://www.pariseveryday.blogspot.com blọọgụ gọọmentị] * [http://www.nyartsmagazine.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=358131&Itemid=755 NY Arts Magazine] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170415/http://www.sportsshooter.com/port_popup.html?mem_id=31&i_id=792039 Osisi ndị otu AP] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 67drb54n5tkhy6aavq7e97epx2sissp 0 48759 638086 631101 2026-05-16T12:12:43Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638086 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Hugo McCloud''' (amụrụ 1980) bụ onye omenkà ihe nkiri America amụrụ na Palo Alto, California . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=HUGO MCCLOUD: FROM WHERE I STAND|url=https://thealdrich.org/client-uploads/files/Hugo-McCloud_PR_The-Aldrich.pdf|work=thealdrich.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://thealdrich.org/client-uploads/files/Hugo-McCloud_PR_The-Aldrich.pdf "HUGO MCCLOUD: FROM WHERE I STAND"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''thealdrich.org''.</cite></ref> Ọ na-akpali ya site na mbara ala mepere emepe na iji ihe na-adịghị mma, nke na-emekarị ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na nke a tụfuru, ihe ndị na-emepụta iberibe ya, dị ka: black tar, bitumen, aluminum sheeting, oxidized metal plates, na plastic bags. Ọ na-ejikọta ihe ndị a site na iji pigmenti omenala na usoro obibi akwụkwọ mgbochi osisi . McCloud nwetara ntụaka ya site na foto ndị mmadụ na mba ndị na-emepe emepe. Iji foto ndị a ọrụ ya metụtara isiokwu ndị dị ka akụ na ụba nke ọrụ, geopolitics, na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọrụ ya na-ekwu ihe ngbanwe mmetụta na-adịghị mma nke usoro carbon carbon nke ọha mmadụ nwere ike ịdị ka. <ref name=":0" /> == Ndụ mbido == Ndị nne na nna nwere nka zụlitere McCloud. Nne ya, Irene Forster, onye na-emepụta ala, rere isi iyi na ụlọ ahịa ime ụlọ ya. Nna ya, James McCloud, onye na-akpụ ihe, anọghị ya. McCloud kwụsịrị na Mahadum Tuskegee wee malite ịrụ ọrụ na azụmahịa nne ya, mechaa guzobe ụlọ ahịa ihe nke ya, na-emepụta na ịmepụta ngwá ụlọ. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/02/arts/design/art-career-path.html</ref> == Ọrụ == McCloud kwagara [[New York City|New York]] na 2009 wee kwaga Mexico na 2020 ibi n'etiti Mexico na United States. <ref name="ARTNEWS">{{Cite web|author=McCloud|first=Hugo|title=Hugo McCloud on Painting with Plastic|url=https://www.artnews.com/art-in-america/interviews/hugo-mccloud-painting-with-plastic-interview-1234582830/|work=Art News|publisher=Art News}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-emepụta ihe na onye na-emepụta ihe nke na-agabeghị ụlọ akwụkwọ nkà omenala. O mere ebe obibi na Philippines ka esi eme stampụ na ihe osise. O nwere nhọrọ izipu na atụmatụ ya ma nwee onye nrụpụta na-eme ha na usoro a, mana McCloud chọrọ ikere òkè n'ọrụ aka na nkwughachi nke stampụ na usoro ihe ọkpụkpụ kama ịbụ naanị ka onye ọzọ mee ya site na atụmatụ ya. <ref name="CURATORTALK">{{Cite web|title="Virtual Curator Talk: Hugo McCloud, from where i stand."|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=io1V8Xw-SbY&t=2s|work=Youtube|publisher=TheAldrich}}</ref> Hugo McCloud bi ugbu a ma na-arụ ọrụ na Brooklyn, New York, na Tulum, Mexico . <ref name=":0"/> Ọrụ mbụ ya na-eji ihe ndị na-adịghị mma dị ka [[Roofing metal|ihe mkpuchi ụlọ]] dị ka akwa akwa, na ihe oyiyi nke onye na-ese ihe ga-achọta na Instagram . Ọ akọwawo na mgbe ọ na-ele ihe oyiyi ndị a anya, a na-adọta ya n'ebe [ha] nọ ma ọ́ bụghị n'ihi ihe ndị e ji mee ihe ma ọ bụ ụcha ma ọ bụ ihe ndị e ji amụ ihe. <ref name="ARTSY">{{Cite web|title="Hugo McCloud."|url=https://www.artsy.net/artist/hugo-mccloud.|work=Artsy|accessdate=2024-06-17|archivedate=2017-06-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170612091817/https://www.artsy.net/artist/hugo-mccloud}}</ref> N'iji ihe ndị a eme ihe, McCloud's more abstract work ka na-ejikọta na mkparịta ụka gbasara klaasị mmekọrịta na omenala omenala nke ahụmahụ ya. <ref name="FROMWHERE">{{Cite web|title="Hugo McCloud: From Where I Stand."|url=https://thealdrich.org/exhibitions/hugo-mccloud-from-where-i-stand?mc_cid=b9433b9323&mc_eid=05ba91ffce.|work=The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum}}</ref> Ọrụ ya kachasị ọhụrụ sitere na ahụmahụ ya ịkwaga Mexico na 2018; N'iji akpa rọba eme otu ihe, McCloud na-egosipụta ihe ngosi nke ndị ọrụ na ndị na-enweghị ebe obibi. <ref name="FROMWHERE" /> == Nnukwu ọrụ == === ''Tulum'' (2014) === A na-eme mpempe akwụkwọ a na akwụkwọ tar ma yie àgwà nke ihe osise, mgbe n'eziokwu, ọ nwere obere ihe osise. Ibe a bụ akụkụ nke usoro malitere na 2012 mgbe McCloud nọ na [[New York City|New York]] . <ref name="CURATORTALK"/> === ''Eburo'' (2020) === ''Burdened'' bụ ihe ngosi na Sean Kelly Gallery na New York ebe Hugo McCloud mpụta mbụ wee mata ya maka iberibe akpa rọba. <ref name="ARTNEWS"/> O sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ njem ya na Mumbai, ebe ọ hụrụ akpa rọba niile mara mma ekpokọtara ọnụ iji mee njem gburugburu ụwa, na-anakọta akpa rọba, na ịgwa ndị mmadụ okwu ka ha mata ahụmahụ ha. <ref name="ARTNEWS" /> === ''Ibu nke mmadụ: na-echere iku ume'' (2021) === Mpempe akwụkwọ a “na-anabata ọrịa na-efe efe na nsogbu ndị ọzọ ugbu a na-eme n'otu oge dị ka ịkwaga ; tankị oxygen na-emetụta ụkọ n'ọtụtụ ebe ndị ogbenye," McCloud na-ekwu. <ref name="COVID">{{Cite web|author=Seymour|first=Tom|title=Portrait of a pandemic: five works at Art Basel that confront Covid-19|url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2021/09/24/portrait-of-a-pandemic-five-works-at-art-basel-that-confront-covid-19|work=Art Newspaper}}</ref> Ọ bụ nnukwu eserese nke nwere tankị oxygen n'ofe ọkara ala nke ibe ahụ. Nkwụ na maapụ machie na nke ukwuu n'akụkụ elu nke ibe ahụ. Map ahụ bụ nke ụzọ mbata, na-ekwu maka esemokwu banyere mgbidi oke ezughị ezu n'etiti [[Mézíkọ|Mexico]] na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] . <ref name="COVID" /> == Ihe ngosi Solo == emepe emepe. Iji foto ndị a ọrụ ya metụtara isiokwu ndị dị ka akụ na ụba nke ọrụ, geopolitics, na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọrụ ya na-ekwu ihe ngbanwe mmetụta na-adịghị ka akụ na ụba nke ọrụ, geopolitics, * 2015 [[Fondazione 107]], Turin, Italy <ref name="F107">{{Cite web|title=Timeline {{!}} Il mio blog|url=https://www.fondazione107.it/archivio-mostre/hugo-mccloud/|work=fondazione107.it|language=it-IT}}</ref> * 2015 The Arts Club, London, England <ref name="ARTSCLUB22">{{Cite web|title=The Arts Club {{!}} Exhibitioninner|url=https://www.theartsclub.co.uk/art/exhibition-programme/hugomccloud|work=www.theartsclub.co.uk|accessdate=2024-06-17|archivedate=2021-10-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029174751/https://www.theartsclub.co.uk/art/exhibition-programme/hugomccloud}}</ref> * 2018 Sean Kelly Gallery, New York <ref name="SEANKELLY32">{{Cite web|title=Hugo McCloud {{!}} Sean Kelly BK - Metal Paintings - Exhibitions - Sean Kelly Gallery|url=https://www.skny.com/exhibitions/hugo-mccloud-sean-kelly-bk|work=www.skny.com|language=en}}</ref> * 2021 Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum, Ridgefield, Connecticut <ref name="ALDRICH22">{{Cite web|title=Hugo McCloud: from where i stand|url=https://thealdrich.org/exhibitions/hugo-mccloud-from-where-i-stand|work=The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum|language=en}}</ref> * 2021 Sean Kelly Gallery, New York <ref name="CULTURETYPE22">{{Cite web|title=Hugo McCloud's New Paintings are Made with Single-Use Plastic Bags: 'This Material Could Be Used as Art, But Also as a Tool to Open Up Conversation'|url=https://www.culturetype.com/2021/02/26/hugo-mcclouds-new-paintings-are-made-with-single-use-plastic-bags-this-material-could-be-used-as-art-but-also-as-a-tool-to-open-up-conversation/}}</ref> * 2015 The Arts Club, London, England <ref name="ARTSCLUB22" /> * 2018 Sean Kelly Gallery, New York <ref name="SEANKELLY32" /> * 2021 Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum, Ridgefield, Connecticut <ref name="ALDRICH22" /> * 2021 Sean Kelly Gallery, New York <ref name="CULTURETYPE22" /> == Ihe ngosi otu == * 2015 Studio Museum na Harlem, Ọrụ Ọhụrụ <ref name="CONSELLATION">{{Cite web|title=A Constellation|url=https://www.studiomuseum.org/exhibition/constellation|work=Studio Museum}}</ref> * 2020 Ụlọ ihe osise, New York <ref name="DRAWING">{{Cite web|title=100 Drawings from Now|url=https://drawingcenter.org/exhibitions/100-drawings-from-now|work=Drawing Center|publisher=The Drawing Center}}</ref> * 2015 Sean Kelly Gallery, New York <ref name="CHROME">{{Cite web|title=Sean Kelly X Chrome Hearts|url=https://www.skny.com/exhibitions/sean-kelly-x-chrome-hearts?view=slider#3|work=SKNY|publisher=Sean Kelly}}</ref> * 2021 Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, New York <ref name="RRR">{{Cite web|title=Hugo McCloud in The Slipstream: Reflection, Resilience, and Resistance in the Art of Our Time|url=https://www.skny.com/ct/zui-xin-xiao-xi/hugo-mccloud-in-the-slipstream-reflection-resilience-and-resistance-in-the-art-of-our-time|work=SKNY|publisher=Sean Kelly}}</ref> * 2021 Nasher Museum of Art, New York <ref>{{Cite web|title=Exhibitions|url=https://nasher.duke.edu/exhibitions/|accessdate=2021-10-31|work=Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University|language=en-US}}</ref> == Nchịkọta == * National Museum of African American History and Culture na Washington, DC <ref name=":0"/> * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke North Carolina <ref name="NCMA">{{Cite web|title=As I pushed u held on|url=https://ncartmuseum.org/object/as-i-pushed-u-held-on/|work=North Carolina Museum of Art|date=11 March 2021}}</ref> * Ụlọ ọrụ nka nke Detroit <ref name="DIA">{{Cite web|title=Hugo McCloud speechless conversations, 2017|url=https://www.dia.org/art/collection/object/speechless-conversations-107712|work=dia.org|accessdate=2024-06-17|archivedate=2021-10-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030074140/https://www.dia.org/art/collection/object/speechless-conversations-107712}}</ref> * Nchịkọta Margulies na Ụlọ nkwakọba ihe <ref name="MCW">{{Cite web|title=Sculpture, Painting and Video at the Margulies Collection {{!}} My Art Guides|url=https://myartguides.com/exhibitions/miami/sculpture-painting-and-video-at-the-margulies-collection/|work=My Art Guides {{!}} Your Compass in the Art World}}</ref> * Nasher Museum of Art na Mahadum Duke <ref name="NASHER">{{Cite web|title=push pull|url=https://emuseum.nasher.duke.edu/objects/23875/push-pull?ctx=0cfc8ab5-a4e6-488a-87b7-0eb892e77b7b&idx=0|work=emuseum.nasher.duke.edu|language=en}}</ref> * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Brooklyn <ref name="BAM">{{Cite web|title=Brooklyn Museum|url=https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/artists/21108/objects|work=www.brooklynmuseum.org|accessdate=2024-06-17|archivedate=2024-06-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617133345/https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/artists/21108/objects}}</ref> * [[The Mott Warsh Collection|Mkpokọta Mott Warsh]] <ref name=":0" /> * [[The Joyner/Giuffrida Collection|Nchịkọta Joyner/Giuffrida]] <ref name=":0" /> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] s3urkg1dym2efrv4hm48hrn0pvbz8ku 0 48934 638152 516744 2026-05-17T01:31:28Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jenny Jules''' bụ onye omere Bekee. Ọ malitere ọrụ ime ihe nkiri dịka onye otu mmemme ihe nkiri ntorobịa na Tricycle Theatre na Kilburn, London. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110616132555/http://www.whatsonstage.com/interviews/theatre/london/E8821157711427/20+Questions+With%85+Jenny+Jules.html 20 Questions with Jenny Jules], Whatsonstage.com</ref> Ejikọtala ọrụ ya na Tricycle Theatre ebe o merela ọtụtụ oge; kredit ya n'ebe ahụ gụnyere egwuregwu abụọ nke August Wilson, nke Paulette Randall duziri ha: ''Ụgbọ oloko abụọ na-agba ọsọ'' na ''Gem of the Ocean'', ''Walk Hard'' site [[Ugwu Abram|Abram Hill]], ''Wine in the Wilderness'' nke Alice Childress dere, nrụgharị ahụ dị egwu (nke Richard Norton-Taylor ) nke. ajụjụ gbasara ogbugbu nke Stephen Lawrence, ''Agba nke ikpe ziri ezi'', na Lynn Nottage 's ''Fabulation'', nke Indhu Rubasingham duziri . N'afọ 1992, ọ meriri ihe nrite ''Time Out'' maka ihe ngosi ya nke Mediyah na ''Pecong'' na Tricycle Theatre. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ pụtara na Helen Mirren na nkeji nke abụọ nke ''Prime Suspect'' maka Granada Television / ITV . Na 2012, ọ gbara Mavis na mmepụta nke Michael Buffong nke ''Ọnwa on a Rainbow Shawl'' nke Errol John na National Theatre, na Regan na ''King Lear'' na Almeida Theatre, nke Michael Attenborough duziri. Na 2013 Jules nọrọ ọtụtụ n'ime afọ na-egwu Cassius na Phyllida Lloyd 's all-female production of ''Julius Caesar'', nke mbụ na Donmar Warehouse na London, mgbe e mesịrị na-ebufe na St. Ann's Warehouse na Brooklyn. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2016)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> N'afọ 2014, Jules gbara Penny na egwuregwu ọhụrụ Suzan-Lori Parks, ''Fada na-abịa n'ụlọ site na agha, akụkụ 1, 2 & 3'', na The Public Theatre na New York wee na American Repertory Theatre na Boston. Ọ mere Broadway mpụta mbụ ya na 2016 dị ka Tituba na mmepụta nke Ivo van Hove nke ''The Crucible'' na Walter Kerr Theatre, <ref>Celeste Montaño, [http://stagedoordish.com/the-crucibles-jenny-jules-on-working-with-saoirse-ronan-connecting-with-her-character-tituba-and-donald-trumps-witch-hunt "''The Crucible''{{'}}s Jenny Jules on working with Saoirse Ronan, connecting with her character Tituba, and Donald Trump’s Witch Hunt"], StageDoorDish.com, 28 March 2016.</ref> nke nwere kpakpando Ciarán Hinds, Sophie Okonedo, na Saoirse Ronan . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Brantley|first=Ben|authorlink=Ben Brantley|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/01/theater/review-in-arthur-millers-crucible-first-they-came-for-the-witches.html|title=Review: In Arthur Miller's ''Crucible'', First They Came for the Witches|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=31 March 2016|accessdate=3 April 2016}}</ref> Na Machị nke afọ 2019, Jules weghaara ọrụ Hermione Granger (nke sitere na Noma Dumezweni ) na mmepụta Broadway nke ''Harry Potter na Nwa a bụrụ ọnụ'' . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mugglenet.com/2019/04/harry-potter-and-the-cursed-childs-jenny-jules-discusses-hermione/|title="Harry Potter and the Cursed Child"'s Jenny Jules Discusses Hermione|author=W|first=Mary|date=7 April 2019|accessdate=19 July 2021|archivedate=20 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720015130/https://www.mugglenet.com/2019/04/harry-potter-and-the-cursed-childs-jenny-jules-discusses-hermione/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nowthisoriginals.com/videos/pop/jenny-jules-on-the-importance-of-a-black-hermione-granger|title=Jenny Jules On the Importance of a Black Hermione Granger|date=21 June 2019|accessdate=July 19, 2021|archivedate=20 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720020632/https://nowthisoriginals.com/videos/pop/jenny-jules-on-the-importance-of-a-black-hermione-granger}}</ref> == Ntụaka == New York wee na American Repertory Theatre na Boston. Ọ mere Broadway mpụta mbụ ya na 2016 dị ka Tituba na mmepụta{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0432161|Jenny Jules}} * [http://www.playbill.com/news/article/150084-Ruined-Gets-First-In-the-Round-Production-Starting-April-22-at-DCs-Arena-Stage Article on Arena Stage production of ''Ruined''], ''Playbill'' * [http://dctheatrescene.com/2011/05/18/jenny-jules-on-playing-mama-nadi-in-ruined/ Interview of Jules in DC Theatre Scene (2011)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240624131641/https://www.donmarwarehouse.com/whats-on/donmar-warehouse/2012/julius-caesar#tab-1 Photo of Jules as Cassius at St Ann's Warehouse] * [https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/10/theater/reviews/shakespeares-julius-caesar-by-women-of-donmar-warehouse.html?_r=1&adxnnl=1&ref=theater&adxnnlx=1395308048-KiwHiPh/u+9p6QmVEafBNg Review of ''Julius Caesar''] by Ben Brantley in ''The New York Times'' * [http://www.curtisbrown.co.uk/client/jenny-jules Jenny Jules], profile at Curtis Brown [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] h2a5frdm0kk22d0j2x38idxr8nlwm69 0 48935 638154 174429 2026-05-17T02:23:34Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638154 wikitext text/x-wiki   Jim Franklin (amuru Disemba 28, 1943 na Galveston, Texas ) bu onye omenka, onye ihe ngosi, na onye na-ese ihe n'okpuru ala kacha mara amara maka nka mma nke emere maka isi ulo oru Armadillo World Headquarters, onye bubu Austin.  , Texas, ulo egwu.  A mụrụ ya maka mkpa zuru ezu, ihe atụ nke atụ nke armadillos, na-eme ka ha bụrụ ihe nke egwu n'okpuru ala.. <ref name="kut80th"> {{Cite web|author=Nathan Bernier|url=https://www.kut.org/austin/2023-12-28/armadillo-artist-turns-80-celebrating-jim-franklin|title=Jim Franklin, artist behind Austin's iconic armadillo posters, celebrates his 80th birthday|publisher=KUT Radio|date=December 28, 2023|accessdate=January 1, 2024}} </ref> == Ọrụ == Franklin akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na San Francisco Art Institute.  N'ịlaghachi na Texas, ya na ndị na-egwu egwu na ndị na-ese ihe na-arụkọ ọrụ iji ụlọ ụlọ psychedelic na Austin, nke a na-akpọ Vulcan Gas Company .  [1] Franklin bi na akwụkwọ ahụ ma bụrụ onye na-ese akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ya bụ isi maka otu dị ka Shiva's Headband, 13th Floor Elevators, Conqueroo, na Canned Heat .  [2] Na Vulcan, Franklin na Gilbert Shelton rụkọrọ ọrụ ọnụ maka oge mbụ. Franklin ịbịaru armadillos n'afọ 1968 wee bụrụ akara ngosi nke hippie counterculture movement na Texas.  [1] Ọ na-eji armadillo motif a mgbe ọ na-dị ihe nkiri album maka ngosipụta mbụ nke Shiva's Headband, Were m gaa n'ugwu na ihe ọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ Armadillo World Headquarters .  Ọchịagha Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen's live recording, Live from Deep in the Heart of Texas, na-egosi nka nka Franklin's armadillo, dị ka albums Freddie King, Texas Cannonball na Nwanyị eji ụgbọ Armadillos surrealistic Franklin na nkà ndị ọzọ na-ahụmokwu na akara nke akwụkwọ Austin's underground, The Rag .  Dị ka Robert Lemmo si kwuo, Franklin "mere ka ama ama ama ama ama mgbe armadillos ya siri ike zuru oke na nke na-adịghị mma mgbasa imeju peeji nke ihe n'okpuruala kwa izu a na-akpọ The Rag . Armadillo ejeka ndị dike  mmadụ nke a na-ahụ na Texas emetụta Crockett." <ref>Gillespie, Angus K. and Jay Mechling, American Wildlife in Symbol and Story, Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1987.</ref> Franklin dekwara Comix Underground ma njikere Armadillo Comics .  Ihe osise armadillo nke Franklin mere ka a guzo ya aha, "Michelangelo of armadillo art".  [1] Na 1971, New Yorker gbara gbasara Franklin na ọrụ ya, nke ese "Armadillo Man".  [2] Otu akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ Les Blank nke ewepụtaraghị ogologo oge nke 1974, uri bụ onye gba ɔtọ, na-egosi nke nke Franklin mere na ɔdɔ mmirika Leon Russell tọgbọ chakoo.. <ref>Alex Pappademas, [http://grantland.com/hollywood-prospectus/sxsw-film-fest-superlatives-rock-docs-yuppie-nightmares-and-a-ghost-in-your-iphone/ "SXSW Film Fest Superlatives: Rock Docs, Yuppie Nightmares, and a Ghost in Your iPhone"], ''[[Grantland]]'', March 23, 2015.</ref> Ọtụtụ ihe osise Franklin na akwụkwọ mmado ka ejiri mkpịrịsị JFKLN bịanyere aka na ya.  Ọ na-aga n'ihu na-ese ma na-ama ya n'egosi na-ege na South Austin Museum of Popular Culture. Ememe nke Jim Franklin's 80th birthday, a na-akpọ nke Floyd Domino's All Stars na Shawn Sahm & Enyi, e mere ememme maka Disemba 30th, 2023 na ebe ndịda Austin, Sagebrush.  Ego ewepụtara na mmemme ahụ batara Austin Museum of Popular Culture <ref>{{Cite news|author=Udensi|first=Derek|title=Jim Franklin's 80th birthday party w/ Floyd Domino's All Stars, Shawn Sahm & Friends, Mr. Franklin & Neon Lemon|url=https://www.austinchronicle.com/events/music/jim-franklins-80th-birthday-party-w-floyd-dominos-all-stars-shawn-sahm-and-friends-mr-franklin-and-neon-lemon-3105252/|accessdate=January 1, 2024|publisher=Austin Chronicle|date=December 29, 2023}}</ref> <ref name="kut80th"/> == Hụkwa == * Egwu Austin == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240618042423/https://jimfranklinstudios.tripod.com/www.jimfranklinarts.com/ Jim Franklin Art Studios] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160404163927/http://southaustincenter.org/armadillo-art-squad/jfkln/ South Austin Popular Culture Center] * [https://www.angelfire.com/planet/bozotexino/ Foto nke Franklin na Ritz, 1975] * [[iarchive:RagRadio04-20-2010|Jim Franklin na Rag Radio]], nke Thorne Dreyer gbara ajụjụ ọnụ, Eprel 20, 2010 * [http://lambiek.net/artists/f/franklin_jim.htm Franklin bio na Lambiek's Comiclopedia] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qeip2wbu85akfohqor9alzo4tldsc79 0 49144 638158 175735 2026-05-17T03:36:32Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:Billy_Button.jpg|thumb| Ihe osise Dempsey 'The Singing Minstrel', na-egosi onye na-agụ egwú Billy Button (1778-1838)]] '''John Church Dempsey''' (1802-1877) bụ onye omenkà Bekee ọkachamara na eserese . Ọ rụrụ ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ na Bristol, mana n'afọ 1845, ekwuputara na ọ dara ada ma jidekwa mmetụta ya. <ref name="Britain1845">{{Cite book|author=Great Britain|title=The London Gazette|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tBhKAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1675|year=1845|publisher=T. Neuman}}</ref> Mgbe nke a gasịrị, ọ ghọrọ onye njem ọkara, na-eme njem dị anya dị ka Norwich <ref>{{Cite web|title=Black History Month: Part 2|url=https://norfolkrecordofficeblog.org/2015/10/12/black-history-month-part-2/|publisher=Norfolk Record Office|accessdate=8 May 2017}}</ref> na Durham . <ref name="journal">{{Cite web|author=Whetstone|first=David|title=In a class of its own|url=http://www.thejournal.co.uk/culture/theatre/class-4641121|work=The Journal|accessdate=8 May 2017|archivedate=24 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624204728/http://www.thejournal.co.uk/culture/theatre/class-4641121}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWhetstone">Whetstone, David. . ''The Journal''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ na-ese obere ihe na eserese silhouette bụ isi, yana kwaaji zuru oke mgbe ụfọdụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title='The Singing Minstrel', Billy Button (b.c.1778–1838) John Church Dempsey (1802–1877)|url=https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/the-singing-minstrel-billy-button-b-c-17781838-188446|publisher=Art UK|accessdate=8 May 2017|archivedate=29 April 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429155423/https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/the-singing-minstrel-billy-button-b-c-17781838-188446}}</ref> Na ndụ ndị ọzọ (mgbe 1850 gasịrị) ọ malitere foto. <ref name="mgs">{{Cite web|author=Graham-Stewart|first=Michael|title=Foreigners|url=http://michaelgrahamstewart.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Foreigners.pdf|work=mgsart.net|accessdate=8 May 2017}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGraham-Stewart">Graham-Stewart, Michael. [http://michaelgrahamstewart.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Foreigners.pdf "Foreigners"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''mgsart.net''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> O kwere omume n'ihi ụdị ndụ ọ na-ebi ndụ, Dempsey gosipụtara ndị arịrịọ, ndị na-anya ụgbọ ala na ndị ọzọ na-eme njem n'ọrụ ya, n'agbanyeghị na ọ nara ọrụ n'aka ndị ọgaranya, na-ese Lord Mayor of London yana ndị otu Liverpool Stock Exchange. <ref name="mgs"/> Ọrụ ya na-amasị ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ka ha na-edepụta ịrị elu nke "proletariat obodo" na Britain. <ref name="journal"/> == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == == Ntụaka == jidekwa mmetụta ya. Mgbe nke a gasịrị, ọ ghọrọ 9j4ndksiis7w6a8sdktdw2ny8nud78e 0 49516 638096 195030 2026-05-16T14:22:25Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638096 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Sidebar/styles.css"></templatestyles>Achịcha achịcha nke obodo ma ọ bụ mpaghara bụ mpaghara, n'ihi ụbara ala na/ma ọ bụ ihu igwe dị mma, na-amịpụta ọka wit buru ibu ma ọ bụ ọka ndị ọzọ. Osikapa Osikapa bụ okwu yiri nke a na-ezo aka na Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia; A na-akpọ ndagwurugwu Salinas California mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka efere salad America. Mpaghara ndị dị otú ahụ nwere ike ịbụ isiokwu nke esemokwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ, nke nwere ike ịmalite n'ọgba aghara agha zuru oke.<ref> For example: [[Yukrain|Ukraine]] in 1941–1944 during [[World War II]]: {{Cite book|author=Snyder|first=Timothy|chapter=The Economics of Apocalypse|title=Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin|date=12 October 2010|location=New York|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=9780465002399|quote=Food from Ukraine was as important to the Nazi vision of an eastern empire as it was to Stalin's defense of the integrity of the Soviet Union. Stalin's Ukrainian 'fortress' was Hitler's Ukrainian 'breadbasket.' [...] Hitler wanted Ukraine 'so that no one is able to starve us again, like in the last war.'}} </ref> Achịcha achịcha aghọwo ihe dị mkpa n'ime usoro nri zuru ụwa ọnụ site na itinye uche na mmepụta nri zuru ụwa ọnụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke mba na, na mba ndị dị ka India, na obere mpaghara mpaghara. Ka mgbanwe ihu igwe na-abawanye mgbanwe ihu igwe gburugburu ụwa, ohere nke ọtụtụ bredskits na-ada n'otu oge na-abawanye nke ukwuu. Ọgba aghara nri nke 2022 bụ akụkụ nke usoro ọdịda na mpaghara bred isi, na mbuso agha Russia nke 2022 butere nnukwu mmebi nke mpaghara bred achịcha dị iche iche dị mkpa maka mmepụta ọka wit na mmanụ mmanụ zuru ụwa ọnụ..<ref>{{Cite web|author=Julia Horowitz|title=War has brought the world to the brink of a food crisis|url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/12/business/food-crisis-ukraine-russia/index.html|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=CNN|date=12 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Lynch|first=Colum|title=U.N. to Keep Beasley at WFP as Food Crises Roil the World|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/03/17/un-wfp-david-beasley-food-crisis/|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Foreign Policy|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=McDonough|first=Siobhan|date=2022-02-27|title=What the Russian invasion of Ukraine could mean for global hunger|url=https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2022/2/27/22950805/russia-ukraine-food-prices-hunger-invasion-war|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Vox|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Nicas|first=Jack|date=2022-03-20|title=Ukraine War Threatens to Cause a Global Food Crisis|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/20/world/americas/ukraine-war-global-food-crisis.html|accessdate=2022-04-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Good|first=Keith|date=2022-03-21|title="Global Food Crisis" Possible- – "No Precedent Even Close to This Since World War II" • Farm Policy News|url=https://farmpolicynews.illinois.edu/2022/03/global-food-crisis-possible-no-precedent-even-close-to-this-since-world-war-ii/|accessdate=2022-04-05|work=Farm Policy News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme ==   === Oge Ochie === A na-ewere Sicily na ógbè Africa dị ka nkata achịcha nke Roman Republic. Mgbe e mesịrị, n'oge ndị eze ukwu, a na-ewere Hispania (na kpọmkwem, Baetica) dị ka "nkịta achịcha Rome." Strabo kwuru na "Turdetania bụ ihe magburu onwe ya na-eme nri, ọ nwere ụdị mkpụrụ osisi dị iche iche ma dị ukwuu", yana na ya na ógbè Egypt, ha bụ ókèala ndị kasị arụpụta ihe na ụwa a ma ama. Crimea bụ isi iyi nke oke ọka a na-enweta na obodo-obodo Gris, ọkachasị Atens. == Afrịka == [[Usòrò:Miliana_situation.JPG|thumb|Ubi ọka wit na Miliana, Algeria]] Na South Africa, a na-elekarị mpaghara Free State anya dị ka oghere achịcha nke mba ahụ n'ihi ọka wit, sunflower, na ubi ọka ya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 March 2006|title=South Africa : Accommodation : Free State|url=http://www.doorway.co.za/accommodation--freestate--south_africa.asp|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060328074350/http://www.doorway.co.za/accommodation--freestate--south_africa.asp|archivedate=2006-03-28}}</ref> A makwaara mpaghara Overberg dị na Western Cape dị ka oghere achịcha nke South Africa n'ihi nnukwu ubi ọka wit ya, yana uto mkpụrụ osisi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thegeoshop.co.za/mapsslingsby/overberg.htm|title=Overberg & Whale Coast Touring Map: Overberg... The Breadbasket of South Africa|work=www.thegeoshop.co.za|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100929161708/http://www.thegeoshop.co.za/mapsslingsby/overberg.htm|archivedate=September 29, 2010}}</ref> [[Zimbabwe]], nke a maara dị ka Rhodesia, bụ nke a maara dịka achịcha nke Africa ruo n'afọ 2000, na-ebupụ ọka wit, ụtaba, na ọka n'ụwa niile, ọkachasị mba ndị ọzọ dị n'Afrịka. Otú ọ dị taa, [[Zimbabwe]], bụ onye na-ebubata ihe oriri site na Western World.<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 April 2005|title=From Breadbasket to Dustbowl|url=http://spectator.org/48721_breadbasket-dustbowl/|accessdate=2018-01-01}}</ref>O yiri ka enwere arụmụka ma ọ bụrụ na Zimbabwe bụ nkata achịcha nke Africa, ebe ọ bụ na n'ime afọ 55 Zimbabwe enwetụbeghị 10% nke ọka na kọntinent ahụ. Site na 1960 ruo 1980 ọ kụrụ naanị 6% dị ala karịa onyinye Kenya ma na-adaba na Naịjirịa. === Morocco === Ebe ọ bụ na ọrụ ugbo bụ usoro akụ na ụba kachasị n'ọtụtụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Morocco, ọ na-esiri ike ikwu maka mpaghara achịcha. Mpaghara niile na-emepụta ọka wit na ọka bali nke ha iji nye onwe ha na anụ ụlọ ha nri. Site na mmụba azụmahịa Europe na ọkara nke abụọ nke narị afọ nke 19, Morocco malitere mbupụ ọka wit na Europe n'agbanyeghị mmegide nke Ulama (ndị okpukpe). Ala dị larịị Chaouia na Doukkala ghọrọ ndị na-eweta ọka wit kachasị mkpa maka mbupụ. Nke a bụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya n'ihi ịdị nso ha n'ụsọ oké osimiri. Ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Casablanca na Feddala, Mohammedia nke taa, na-arụ ọrụ na Chaouia Plain ebe ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Mazagan na-arụ Doukkala. Mgbe nnwere onwe Morocco gasịrị, ọrụ ugbo na Doukkala ghọrọ nke a kwadebere maka ịgba mmiri n'ihi ya, e wepụtara obere ebe maka ọka wit, ebe Chaouia nọgidere na-enwe ọnọdụ ya dị ka nnukwu mpaghara na-emepụta ọka wit n'ihi ala ya gbara ọchịchịrị a na-akpọ tirs na mmiri ozuzo buru ibu (ihe dị ka 400 mm / afọ).&nbsp; == Eshia == [[Usòrò:Agriculture_in_India_tractor_farming_Punjab_preparing_field_for_a_wheat_crop_without_burning_previous_crop_stalk.jpg|thumb|Ubi ọka na Punjab, India]] [[Usòrò:1213Canantong,_Laur,_Nueva_Ecija_47.jpg|thumb|Ricefield na Nueva Ecija, Philippines]] {| class="wikitable" !Ọnọdụ !Igbe achịcha / Ricebowl |- |Cambodia |E mepụtara mpaghara Battambang dị ka efere osikapa nke Cambodia n'ihi ubi ndị na-eme nri na mpaghara ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ricetoday.irri.org/farmer-focused-partnership-leads-to-improvement-innovation-of-cambodias-rice-sector/|title=Farmer-focused partnership leads to improvement, innovation of Cambodia's rice sector|accessdate=2024-07-11|archivedate=2024-02-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240220233156/https://ricetoday.irri.org/farmer-focused-partnership-leads-to-improvement-innovation-of-cambodias-rice-sector/}}</ref> |- |China |A maara Sichuan n'akụkọ ihe mere eme dị ka "ógbè nke ụbara" (魚米) n'ihi ike ọrụ ugbo ya n'akụnụ ihe mere eme. A makwaara mpaghara ndị dị n'akụkụ Osimiri Yellow na Osimiri Yangtze dị ka Henan, ndịda Jiangsu na Zhejiang maka ọmụmụ ha bara ụba. Ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ China (nke iwu kwadoro mpaghara atọ nke Heilongjiang, Jilin na Liaoning), ọkachasị mpaghara ugwu oyi, a maara dị ka "Great Northern Wilderness" (北大荒) n'ihi ụkọ ndị bi na ya tupu nnukwu mbata nke Ndị China Han banye n'ógbè ahụ na ngwụcha narị afọ nke 19. Otú ọ dị, n'oge ndị Japan na-achị na Manchukuo, ọrụ ugbo mụbara iji nye ndị agha Japan nri. Mgbe e guzobere People's Republic of China, ọpụpụ na mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ sochiri n'oge ọkara ikpeazụ nke narị afọ nke 20, a na-arụkwa ọrụ ugbo n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ala ojii na-eme nri nke mpaghara ahụ, na-agbanwe North East ka ọ bụrụ "Great Northern Granary" (北大仓) nke na-emepụta ọtụtụ ugboro ihe ọkụkụ achọrọ maka oriri mpaghara. |- |India |A na-ewere Uttar Pradesh na Punjab tinyere Haryana dị ka efere achịcha nke India.<ref>{{Cite news|date=13 June 2010|title=India takes blow to the breadbasket|language=en|work=The National|url=https://www.thenational.ae/uae/environment/india-takes-blow-to-the-breadbasket-1.511790|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> A na-ekwu na West Bengal na Uttar Pradesh na Andhra Pradesh tinyere Telangana bụ "efere osikapa" nke India.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-01-06|title=Most Crucial facts about Andhra Pradesh (The Rice Bowl of India)|url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/most-crucial-facts-about-andhra-pradesh-the-rice-bowl-of-india-1452076579-1|accessdate=2021-05-08|work=Jagranjosh.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=3 January 2020|title=Reviving Our Rice Bowl: Bengal Farmers Preserve 200+ Traditional Rice Varieties|work=The Better India|url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/208183/bengal-traditional-rice-seeds-growing-yield-organic-farmers-lakhs-india/|accessdate=2020-09-11}}</ref> |- |Indonesia |A na-ewere ala dị larịị nke Java dị ka efere osikapa nke Indonesia. |- |Korea, South |A na-ewere mpaghara Honam, nke Jeolla Province na-akọwapụtakarị, n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ala ahụ, a na-ewerekwa ya dị ka oghere achịcha nke mba ahụ n'ihi mkpa ọrụ ugbo ya na uto ala.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Seoul Times|url=https://theseoultimes.com/ST/?url=/ST/db/read.php?idx=13473|accessdate=2021-02-05|work=theseoultimes.com}}</ref> N'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama, mpaghara ahụ bụ ebe obibi nke Jeonju Bibimbap a ma ama. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-02-14|title=JEONJUCITY BLOG|url=https://jeonjucity.kr/jeonju-bibimbap-popular-traditional-korean-dish-among-foreigners/|accessdate=2021-02-05|work=JEONJUCITY BLOG|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=2015-06-01|title=Historical and biological aspects of bibimbap, a Korean ethnic food|journal=Journal of Ethnic Foods|language=en|volume=2|issue=2|pages=74–83|doi=10.1016/j.jef.2015.05.002|issn=2352-6181|author=Chung|first=Kyung Rhan}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-03-20|title=The Story of Jeonju Bibimbap|url=https://koreatourinformation.com/blog/2014/03/20/the-story-of-jeonju-bibimbap-2/|accessdate=2021-02-05|work=koreatourinformation.com|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |Korea, North |A na-ewere ala dị larịị nke Hwanghae Province kọwara dị ka oghere achịcha nke mba ahụ n'ihi mkpa ala ya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gi|first=Jang Seul|date=2019-09-10|title=Typhoon Lingling ravages North Korea's breadbasket|url=https://www.dailynk.com/english/typhoon-lingling-devastates-beadbasket/|accessdate=2021-02-05|work=Daily NK|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |Malaysia |A na-ewere Kedah dị ka efere osikapa nke Malaysia, na-eme ihe dịka ọkara nke mmepụta osikapa niile nke Malaysia. N'afọ 2008, gọọmentị Kedah machibidoro ntụgharị nke Ubi paddy ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe iji chebe ụlọ ọrụ osikapa. |- |Myanmar |Irrawaddy Delta dị na Myanmar bụbu otu n'ime isi iyi osikapa kachasị mkpa na mpaghara ahụ ruo mgbe mmepụta ya belatara n'ihi ihe dị iche iche, gụnyere ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-adịghị mma nke mba ahụ. |- |Pakistan |A na-ewere mpaghara Punjab dị ka oghere achịcha nke Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite news|date=6 August 2010|title=Pakistan flood: Sindh braces as water envelops southern Punjab|work=Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/aug/05/pakistan-flood-spreads-punjab-sindh|accessdate=2013-07-20}}</ref> |- |Philippines |A na-ewere ógbè Nueva Ecija, nke dị n'àgwàetiti Luzon, dị ka ebe a na-edebe osikapa na Philippines n'ihi nnukwu ala a na-eji emepụta osikapa. A maara agwaetiti Mindanao dị ka nkata nri nke mba ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Anonymous|date=15 October 2015|title=Fruits of peace|work=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/asia/2015/10/15/fruits-of-peace|accessdate=2019-10-30|quote=The Philippines is the world’s third-leading exporter of bananas. Three-quarters of the country’s production of the fruit comes from Mindanao, long known as the Philippines’ food basket.}}</ref> |- |Siria |A na-ewere mpaghara Al-Jazira dị n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Siria, na ọdọ mmiri Yufretis ya dị ka oghere achịcha nke mba ahụ n'ihi ụbara ọka wit ya. |- |Thailand |A na-ewere Chao Phraya delta dị ka efere osikapa nke Thailand. |- |Vietnam |A na-ewere Delta Mekong dị na Vietnam dị ka efere osikapa nke mba ahụ. |} == Europe == [[Usòrò:Field_in_County_Kildare.jpg|thumb|Ubi ọka na County Kildare, Ireland]] [[Usòrò:Wheat_fields_at_Nöbbelöv,_Lund_-_panoramio_(1).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ubi ọka wit dị nso na Lund na Scania, Sweden.]] {| class="wikitable" !Ọnọdụ !Igbe achịcha / Ricebowl |- |Bulgaria |Southern Dobruja, mpaghara dị larịị na-eme nri n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Bulgaria n'etiti Danube na Oké Osimiri Ojii, a na-ewere ya dị ka oghere achịcha nke mba ahụ.<ref name="vatahov">{{Cite news|author=Vatahov|first=Ivan|date=2001-08-23|title=Drought leads to low yields in Dobrudja|work=The Sofia Echo|publisher=Sofia Echo Media Ltd.|url=http://sofiaecho.com/2001/08/23/625626_drought-leads-to-low-yields-in-dobrudja|accessdate=2015-09-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Duijzings|first=Ger|title=Global Villages: Rural and Urban Transformations in Contemporary Bulgaria|date=2014|publisher=Anthem Press|isbn=9781783083510|pages=110}}</ref> |- |Saịprọs |Ala dị larịị nke etiti a na-akpọ Mesaoria nke gbara isi obodo Nicosia gburugburu abụwo ebe a na-edebe nri n'àgwàetiti ahụ. |- |Finland |Mpaghara Ndịda Ọdịda Anyanwụ Finland na Uusimaa, nwere ọnọdụ ihu igwe kachasị ọkụ na kọntinent Finland na ala na-eme nri n'ihi ọnọdụ ha dị n'ebe ndịda, na-eme ka ha bụrụ efere achịcha nke Finland.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Elinkeinoelämä|url=http://www.varsinais-suomi.fi/fi/maakunta/elinkeino|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602133538/http://www.varsinais-suomi.fi/fi/maakunta/elinkeino|archivedate=2016-06-02|accessdate=2016-08-07|publisher=Regional Council of Southwest Finland}}</ref> |- |France |A na-ewere ala dị larịị Beauce dị ka oghere achịcha nke France. |- |Germany |A na-ewere East Prussia dị ka nkata achịcha nke German Reich.<ref>[http://archiv.preussische-allgemeine.de/ow1960/1960_08_01_08.pdf Einst Deutschlands Kornkammer: Neusiedler haben keine Beziehung zum Land], Ostpreussen-Warte, 1960</ref> |- |Hungary |Ala Dị Larịị nke Hungary emepụtala ọka na ọka dị ukwuu. Na mbido narị afọ nke 20, 34% nke mmepụta ọka zuru oke na Europe na 11% nke mmepụta ntụ ọka na Europe bụ na Hungary. |- |Ireland |Ọkara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Ireland bụ nkata achịcha ọdịnala nke mba ahụ, ebe a na-eji akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ eme ihe maka ịta ahịhịa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Food, feasting and folklore|url=http://www.independent.ie/editorial/StoryPlus/food-feasting-and-folklore/|work=www.independent.ie}}</ref> Na narị afọ nke iri na asatọ na mmalite nke iri na itoolu, Ireland n'onwe ya bụ oghere nri nke United Kingdom nke Great Britain na Ireland, na ọka Irish na-enye obodo mmepụta ihe nke Britain ebe ndị ọrụ ugbo Irish na-eri poteto.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Halloran|first=Amy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ct4BCgAAQBAJ&q=ireland+%22bread+basket%22&pg=PA6|title=The New Bread Basket: How the New Crop of Grain Growers, Plant Breeders, Millers, Maltsters, Bakers, Brewers, and Local Food Activists Are Redefining Our Daily Loaf|date=26 June 2015|publisher=Chelsea Green Publishing|isbn=9781603585682}}</ref> Nke a ga-eduga na Nnukwu Ụnwụ nke afọ 1840. <ref>{{Cite web|author=bairishstudies|date=12 January 2016|title=The Eighteenth-century Celtic Tiger|url=https://bairishstudies.wordpress.com/2016/01/12/175/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Bourke|first=Angela|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qZ6W1LiIyYYC&q=%22bread+basket%22&pg=PA1661|title=The Field Day Anthology of Irish Writing|date=10 April 1991|publisher=NYU Press|isbn=9780814799079}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Pickering|first=Paul|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bnmxAwAAQBAJ&q=+%22bread+basket%22&pg=PA75|title=The People's Bread: A History of the Anti-Corn Law League|date=1 August 2000|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=9780567204974}}</ref> |- |Latvia |A na-ewere Semigallia dị ka nkata achịcha nke Latvia. |- |- |Portugal |Alentejo bụ mpaghara dị larịị ma na-eme nri n'ihi na ọ dị n'etiti osimiri Tagus na Guadiana. N'ihi nke a na ịdị nso ya na Lisbon, a na-ewere ya dị ka "ekpo achịcha nke Portugal" ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Guía de Portugal: Região do Alentejo|url=https://www.guiadacidade.pt/es/regioes-regiao-do-alentejo|accessdate=2024-04-05|work=Guia da Cidade|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Alentejo|url=https://www.euroaaa.eu/site/es/alentejo|accessdate=2024-04-05|work=Interreg España-Portugal: Eurorregión AAA (Alentejo-Algarve-Andalucía).}}</ref> N'akwụkwọ sitere na 1639, nke Don [[:pt:Agostinho_Manuel_de_Vasconcelos|Agostinho Manuel de Vasconcelos]] dere, a kọwara "Ógbè Alentejo" dị ka "ụlọ nkwakọba ihe kachasị eme nri nke Alaeze ahụ". N'afọ 1833, onye edemede Don [[:es:José_Muñoz_Maldonado|José Muñoz Maldonado]] bipụtara akwụkwọ banyere Agha Peninsular nke ọ kọwakwara "ógbè Alenteja, nke a na-akpọ achịcha nke Portugal maka ụbara ya. <ref>{{Cite book|author=De Vasconcellos|first=Agostinho Manuel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mDJMAAAAcAAJ&q=alentejo+granero+portugal|title=Vida y acciones del Real Don Iuan el Segundo, Decimotercio de Portugal|date=1639|publisher=Imprenta de Maria de Quiñones|location=[[Madrid]]|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Maldonado|first=José Muñoz|authorlink=:es:José Muñoz Maldonado|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Db1dAAAAcAAJ&dq=alentejo+granero+portugal&pg=PA397|title=Historia Politica y Militar de la Guerra de la Independencia de Espana contra Napoleon Bonaparte desde 1808 a 1814, escrita sobre los documentos autenticos del gobierno|date=1833|publisher=Imprenta de D. José Palacios|location=[[Madrid]]|language=es}}</ref> |- |Romania |Na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, a na-ewere Romania dị ka akụkụ nke nkata achịcha nke Europe.<ref>Sheilah Kast and Jim Rosapepe, ''Dracula Is Dead'' (2009) p 104</ref> |- |Rọshịa |E nwere Central Black Earth Region na Russia n'onwe ya. |- |Serbia |A na-ewere Vojvodina dị ka oghere achịcha nke Serbia. Ihe dị ka 70% nke ngwaahịa ugbo ya bụ ọka, 20% nke ahịhịa ụlọ ọrụ, na 10% nke ihe ọkụkụ ndị ọzọ. |- |Spain |N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, a na-ewere mpaghara ndịda Andalusia dị ka "nnukwu achịcha nke Spain". Mmeri nke Andalusia abụghị naanị ihe ịga nke ọma nke Reconquista, kamakwa nyere Ndị Eze Hispanic mpaghara ọrụ ugbo kachasị emepụta ihe na Iberia: Ndagwurugwu Guadalquivir.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Walsh|first=William Th|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pFtTWfsxHKgC|title=Isabel de España|date=1993-11-01|publisher=Palabra|isbn=978-84-8239-837-2|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Cabañas Agrela|first=José Miguel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_B_dCwAAQBAJ|title=Breve historia de Cervantes|publisher=Ediciones Nowtilus|year=2016|isbn=978-84-9967-789-7|pages=[https://books.google.es/books?id=_B_dCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT148 148]|language=es}}</ref> Site na aha njirimara kwesịrị ekwesị nke granero de España, ịbanye na nnukwu ndagwurugwu Andalusian pụtara mmesi obi ike nke ihe ọkụkụ, ọkachasị ọka wit, kamakwa osisi oliv, ubi vaịn, osisi oroma, okpete, wdg.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Lara Sánchez|first=Francisco|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HVFMAAAAMAAJ|title=Población y sector primario en la Andalucía franquista|date=1984|publisher=Servicio de Publicaciones, Diputación Provincial de Málaga|isbn=978-84-505-0251-0|pages=[https://books.google.es/books?id=HVFMAAAAMAAJ&dq=andaluc%C3%ADa+granero+de+espa%C3%B1a&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=granero 99]|language=es|quote=Andalusia has sometimes been defined "as the orchard and granary of Spain", due to its rich crops of cereals and olive trees, vineyards and orange trees, sugar canes, etc. In the early fifties, the weight of Andalusian agricultural production was extremely important for the Spanish economy.}}</ref> nke a ga-agbakwunye ọka, strawberry, lemon, osikapa, wdg. N'afọ 1826, Alexander de Laborde kwuru, sị: Ánọmba Andalusia jupụtara n'ọka nke na a na-akpọ ya "ekpo achịcha nke Spain," n'ihe gbasara owuwe ihe ubi okpukpu abụọ karịa oriri ya. Andalusia na-emepụta ọtụtụ mmanya mara mma, nke mere na a na'ihi ya ka a na-ewere ha dị ka mmanya kachasị ọnụ ahịa na Spain (...) N'alaeze Granada na Seville, osisi vaịn dị nnọọ ukwuu (...) Olivishọn ahụ bara ọgaranya ma dị egwu na alaeze anọ nke Andalusia.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Laborde|first=Alexandre Louis Joseph|title=Itinerario descriptivo de las provincias de España: su situación geográfica, poblacion, historia civil y natural, agricultura, comercio, industria, hombres célebres y carácter y costumbres de sus habitantes|date=1826|publisher=Libr. de Cabrerizo|pages=[https://books.google.es/books?id=xB6PBn7LaBwC&pg=RA2-PA493&dq=andaluc%C3%ADa+granero+de+espa%C3%B1a&hl=es-419&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjtqJjUmIn1AhV5BmMBHUhbD_UQ6AF6BAgLEAI#v=onepage&q=andaluc%C3%ADa%20granero%20de%20espa%C3%B1a&f=false 493]|language=es}}</ref> N'ala ndị a na-agba mmiri, ubi mkpụrụ osisi nke [[Horta nke Valencia|Valencia]] na Murcia pụtakwara, ebe ọ bụ na a na-ekwu mgbe niile na Spain enwere naanị ubi mkpụrụ osisi abụọ, nke Valencia na nke Murcia. A na-ewerekwa obodo Castile na León dị ka oghere achịcha nke Spain, ebe ọ bụ na a na-akụ mkpụrụ ọka buru ibu n'ala ya, ọkachasị na mgbakwunye na ubi vaịn na akwụkwọ nri. A na-ewere Almería, ya na oké osimiri plastik ya, dị ka "ogige nke Europe". |- |[[Slovenia]] |Na narị afọ nke iri na asatọ, e nwere atụmatụ ịdọrọ mmiri na Ljubljana Marsh ma gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ oghere achịcha nke Carniola.<ref>Melik, Anton. 1959. ''Slovenija: Geografski Opis,'' vol. 2, part 3. Ljubljana: Slovenska Matica, p. 187.</ref><ref>Vidic, Marko. 1987. "Agrarna revolucija." ''Enciklopedija Slovenije'', vol. 1, pp. 20–21. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga.</ref> |- |Sweden |A na-ewere Scania dị ka oghere achịcha nke Sweden. Mkpụrụ osisi na mpaghara ọ bụla dị elu karịa mpaghara ọ bụla ọzọ na Sweden na ala ahụ so na ndị na-eme nri n'ụwa. Ala dị larịị nke Scanian bụ ihe dị mkpa maka ndị ọzọ nọ na Sweden ebe ọ bụ na 25-95% nke ngụkọta mmepụta nke ụdị ọka dị iche iche sitere na mpaghara ahụ. |- |Turkey |A na-ewere mpaghara Aegean, mpaghara Marmara na Central Anatolia dị ka oghere achịcha nke Turkey. Mpaghara Aegean na Mpaghara Marmara bụ ndị a ma ama maka ịkọ osisi oliv, ịkọ mkpụrụ osisi na ịkọ akwụkwọ nri. Central Anatolia bụ ebe a ma ama maka ịkọ ọka dị ka ọka wit, ọka, sunflowers na ọka bali. |- |Ukraine |Ọ dịla anya a maara Ukraine dị ka oghere achịcha nke Europe.<ref>[https://theweek.com/article/index/257616/ukraines-fraught-relationship-with-russia-a-brief-history Ukraine's fraught relationship with Russia: A brief history]. The Week. March 8, 2014</ref> Mgbe ọ bụ akụkụ nke Soviet Union, a maara ya dị ka oghere achịcha nke Soviet Union.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Verbyany|first=Volodymyr|title=One of the Most Fertile Nations Wants to Feed the World|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-20/global-food-supply-ukraine-soviet-union-s-breadbasket-plan-to-feed-the-world|accessdate=15 August 2022|publisher=Bloomberg|date=20 June 2021}}</ref> |- |United Kingdom |A na-akpọ mpaghara East Anglia nke East of England, Southeast England, East Midlands, West Midlands, Yorkshire na Humber na England na Scottish Lowlands mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka "Britain's breadbasket" ebe ngwakọta nke ihu igwe, ala na ala dị mma maka ịzụlite ọka wit. Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Anglia Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ England na 2010 zuru ezu iji mepụta achịcha nde 5,774.<ref>{{Cite web|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=16 May 2016|title=Farming in East Anglia|url=https://www.nfuonline.com/about-us/our-offices/east-anglia/east-anglia-key-content/farming-in-east-anglia/|accessdate=2020-08-30|work=www.nfuonline.com|publisher=National Farmers' Union|archivedate=2020-08-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808201459/https://www.nfuonline.com/about-us/our-offices/east-anglia/east-anglia-key-content/farming-in-east-anglia/}}</ref> &nbsp;Na Wales nke oge ochie, a na-ewere Isle of Anglesey dị ka nke na naanị ya nwere ike "inye ndị niile bi na ya oke [[Mkpụrụ ọka mà obu ọkà ọkà|ọka]]".<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Description of Wales|authorlink=Gerald of Wales|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1092/1092-h/1092-h.htm|quote=so could the Isle of Mona (Anglesey) provide a requisite quantity of corn for all the inhabitants: on which account there is an old British proverb, “Mon mam Cymbry,” that is, “Mona is the mother of Wales.”}}</ref> |} == Amerịka == === Ebe Ugwu America === [[Usòrò:Corn_belt.svg|thumb|400x400px|Ubi ọka nke United StatesAkara ọka]] Na Canada, a na-akpọ nnukwu ebe a na-akụ ọka ala Canada. Mgbe ụfọdụ, mpaghara Saskatchewan, nke a makwaara maka imepụta nnukwu ihe mgbakwunye potash, na-apụtakwa n'ime mpaghara a dị ka isi achịcha nke Canada. Na United States, mpaghara dị mkpa bụ Corn Belt, ebe ọka na soybeans bụ ihe ọkụkụ dị mkpa, nke na-agbasa site na Great Lakes n'ebe ndịda site na [[Mizurị|Missouri]]. N'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na United States na Canada, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Ugwu Rocky, bụ Wheat Belt, ebe ihu igwe siri ike maka ọka ma ọ bụ soybeans. A na-akpọkarị mpaghara Palouse nke steeti Eastern Washington dị ka Breadbasket nke Pacific Northwest, n'ihi nnukwu mmepụta ọka wit na lentils.[https://www.historylink.org/File/21303] N'oge [[Agha Obodo America|Agha Obodo]], a maara Ndagwurugwu Shenandoah dị ka Breadbasket nke Confederacy. <ref name="shenandoahatwar">{{Cite web|url=https://www.shenandoahatwar.org/our-once-beautiful-but-now-desolated-valley/#:~:text=During%20the%20Civil%20War%20the,importance%20to%20the%20Southern%20cause.&text=Thus%2C%20in%20the%20context%20of,the%20Breadbasket%20of%20the%20Confederacy.%E2%80%9D|title="Our once beautiful but now desolated Valley"|work=Shenandoah at War|accessdate=2021-03-17|archivedate=8 March 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308134803/https://www.shenandoahatwar.org/our-once-beautiful-but-now-desolated-valley/#:~:text=During%20the%20Civil%20War%20the,importance%20to%20the%20Southern%20cause.&text=Thus%2C%20in%20the%20context%20of,the%20Breadbasket%20of%20the%20Confederacy.%E2%80%9D}}</ref> Tụkwasị na nke a, a na-akpọkwa Ndagwurugwu San Joaquin dị na California achịcha nke ụwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eb5northerncalifornia.com/index.php?page=breadbasket-of-the-world|title=EB5 Northern California – Breadbasket Of The World|work=eb5northerncalifornia.com|accessdate=2018-01-01|archivedate=2017-10-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026105139/http://eb5northerncalifornia.com/index.php?page=breadbasket-of-the-world}}</ref> Ndagwurugwu San Joaquin na-emepụta ihe ka ukwuu n'ime 12.8% nke mmepụta ugbo nke United States (dị ka a tụrụ ya na uru dollar) nke sitere na California.<ref name="ca.gov">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cdfa.ca.gov/statistics/files/CDFA_Sec2.pdf|date=2009-04-06|title=Agricultural Statistical Review|work=California Agricultural Resource Directory 2008–2009|accessdate=2021-03-17}}</ref> Mkpụrụ vaịn - tebụl, mkpụrụ vaịn, na, ruo n'ókè dị ala, mmanya - bụ ma eleghị anya ngwaahịa kachasị elu na ndagwurugwu ahụ, mana n'otu aka ahụ (ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị karịa) dị mkpa bụ ogho, mkpụrụ osisi (karịsịa almond na pistachios), citrus, na akwụkwọ nri. 70% nke ụwa na 100% nke US na-enye almond sitere na ndagwurugwu ahụ. Oranges, peaches, garlic, tangerines, tomato, kiwis, hay, alfalfa na ọtụtụ ihe ọkụkụ ndị ọzọ ejirila nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma. Dabere na ọnụọgụgụ nke ọrụ ugbo nke afọ 2002 nke uru ahịa nke ngwaahịa ugbo rere, itoolu n'ime mba 10 kachasị elu, na 12 n'ime obodo 20 kachasị elu dị na California.<ref name="ca.gov" /> Brazil bụ mba nke abụọ kachasị ebubata ọka n'ụwa, nwere pasent 19 nke òkè ahịa mba ụwa, na mba nke anọ na-emepụta ọka (osikapa, ọka bali, soybeans, ọka na ọka wit) n'azụ United States, China na India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Brazil is the world's fourth largest grain producer and top beef exporter, study shows|url=https://www.embrapa.br/en/busca-de-noticias/-/noticia/62619259/brazil-is-the-worlds-fourth-largest-grain-producer-and-top-beef-exporter-study-shows|accessdate=2024-02-06|work=[[Embrapa]]}}</ref> Brazil bụkwa mba kachasị ebubata okpete, mmiri oroma, [[kọfị]], ọkụkọ, anụ ehi, ọka, na mba nke abụọ kachasị ebubata anụ ezì na ogho. Mba ahụ nwekwara ọnụnọ dị ịrịba ama dị ka onye na-emepụta ma na-ebupụ [[Oskàpà|osikapa]], ọka wit, àkwá, koko, [[Mkpụrụ|agwa]], mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri dị iche iche. N'ime narị afọ nke 19 na nke 20, a maara [[Argentina]] dị ka oghere achịcha nke ụwa, n'ihi mkpa ọrụ ugbo nwere, ma ka nwere, na mba ahụ. A na-ahụ ubi ọka nke Argentina na mpaghara Pampas, nke gụnyere mpaghara Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Córdoba na La Pampa. N'ime mpaghara a, ọtụtụ obodo, dị ka Pergamino, Venado Tuerto na Rosario, bụ otu n'ime ebe ndị na-eme nri na kọntinent ahụ. Ụfọdụ n'ime ubi ndị ahụ gụnyere soybeans, ọka, ọka wit, ọka bali, sunflower na ahụekere, n'etiti ndị ọzọ. Na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, ịnweta ahịa California na Australia mere ka mbupụ ọka wit bụrụ ọrụ bara uru, na-eduga na Usoro ọka wit nke Chile. N'etiti narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, mba ndị ahụ nwere nnukwu ọlaedo, nke mere ka a chọọ ọka wit dị ukwuu. Chile bụ n'oge ahụ "naanị onye na-emepụta ọka wit nke dị mkpa na Pacific". == Oceania == === Australia === A na-ahụ Murray-Darling Basin dị ka oghere achịcha nke Australia, ebe ọ bụ isi iyi nke 40% nke ego ọrụ ugbo nke mba ahụ, otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke owuwe ihe ubi ọka wit, pasent 95 nke ihe ọkụkụ osikapa na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ dị ka mkpụrụ osisi, mmanya na ogho. === New Zealand === Mgbe New Zealand ghọrọ obodo Britain, ala ndị na-eme nri na-emepụta nri nke a ga-ebughachi azụ na England, na-eme ka New Zealand bụrụ onye a na-akpọkarị (mgbe ụfọdụ yana Australia) dị ka bred nke Britain, na-eduga na Dunedin bụ ụgbọ mmiri mbụ iji wuchaa n'ezie ịga nke ọma n'ibu anụ refrigerated. Ejiri igwe refrigeration were rụkwaa ya nke o ji buru ibu mbụ nke anụ jụrụ oyi si New Zealand gaa United Kingdom. == Ebem si dee == [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7f6fd6hy3q2fg37v5cucjwqwlitb7kj 0 50379 638147 180949 2026-05-17T00:53:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638147 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Jeff Fahey.jpg|thumb|Jeff Fahey]] '''Jeffrey David Fahey''' / , amuru November 29, 1952) bu onye omekorita America . Ọrụ ya ama ama gụnyere Duane Duke na ''Psycho III'' (1986), Pete Verill na Clint Eastwood 's ''White Hunter Black Heart'' (1990), Jobe Smith na ''The Lawnmower Man'' (1992), na Captain Frank Lapidus na usoro ABC ''Lost'' (2008- 2010). A makwaara ya maka mmekorita ya na onye nduzi Robert Rodriguez, na-apụta na fim ya ''Planet Terror'' (2007), ''Machete'' (2010), na ''Alita: Battle Angel'' (2019). == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Fahey na Olean, New York, nke isii n'ime ụmụnne 13 na ezinụlọ Irish American . <ref name="ref1">{{Cite news|author=Pergament|first=Alan|title=Jeff Fahey, Hard-Working Lawman|work=Buffalo News|date=1995-08-23|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=BN&p_theme=bn&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EAF98BD2D18F8ED&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref> Nne ya, Jane, bụ onye nwe ụlọ, nna ya, Frank Fahey, na-arụkwa ọrụ n'ụlọ ahịa akwa. <ref name="dla">{{Cite news|author=Eberth|first=John T.|title=Olean-born actor joins 'Lost' cast|publisher=Olean Times Herald|date=2008-01-30|url=http://www.oleantimesherald.com/news/article_2276bbf9-de3a-539f-953a-79863d5e6ab2.html|accessdate=2010-09-04}}</ref> A zụlitere Fahey na Buffalo, New York, site n'afọ iri wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke Fada Baker ebe ahụ. Fahey hapụrụ ụlọ mgbe ọ dị afọ 17, mechaa gaa [[Àláskà|Alaska]] . O mechara laghachi na [[Obodo Békè|Europe]] ma rụọ ọrụ na kibbutz [[Israel]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800030922/bio|title=Jeff Fahey Biography|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070221011814/https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800030922/bio|date=2007|work=Yahoo! Movies|archivedate=February 21, 2007}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Fahey malitere ime ihe ngosi mgbe ọ meriri akwụkwọ mmụta zuru oke maka ịgba egwu na Joffrey Ballet School mgbe ọ dị afọ 25. <ref name="imdb.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001194/bio|title=Jeff Fahey|work=[[IMDb]]|accessdate=July 15, 2019}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ na ihe nkiri n'ofe United States nakwa na Broadway . Ọ rutere ọrụ mbụ ya na telivishọn na-egwu Gary Corelli na opera ncha, ''One Life to Live'' . Ọrụ enyemaka Fahey n'oge na-adịbeghị anya gbagharịrị na kọmitii US maka ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na ndị kwabatara, na-elekwasị anya n'okwu gbasara nkwakọba ihe, omume nke na-amachibido ikike na ngagharị nke ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ site na mba ndị ọbịa. Ọrụ Fahey ekwupụtala okwu gbasara ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ Sahrawi n'ụlọ nkwakọba ihe na Algeria. == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === * ''Silverado'' (1985) as Tyree * ''Psycho III'' (1986) as Duane Duke * ''Riot on 42nd St.'' (1987) as Frank Tackler * ''Backfire'' (1988) as Donnie McAndrew * ''Split Decisions'' (1988) as Ray McGuinn * ''True Blood'' (1989) as Raymond Trueblood * ''Minnamurra'' (a.k.a. ''Outback'') (1989) as Ben Creed * ''The Serpent of Death'' (1989) as Jake Bonner * ''The Last of the Finest (a.k.a. Blue Heat)'' (1990) as Ricky Rodriguez * ''Impulse'' (1990) as Stan * ''White Hunter Black Heart'' (1990) as Pete Verrill * ''Body Parts'' (1991) as Bill Chrushank * ''Iron Maze'' (1991) as Barry Mikowski * ''The Lawnmower Man'' (1992) as Jobe Smith * ''Sketch Artist'' (1992) * ''The Hit List'' (1993) as Charlie Pike * ''Quick'' (1993) as Muncie * ''Woman of Desire'' (1994) as Jack * ''Freefall'' (1994) as Dex Dellum * ''Wyatt Earp'' (1994) as Ike Clanton * ''Temptation'' (1994) as Eddie Lanarsky * ''Serpent's Lair'' (1995) as Tom Bennett * ''Darkman III: Die Darkman Die'' (1996) as Peter Rooker * ''Lethal Tender'' (1996) as Det. David Chase * ''Small Time'' (1996) as The Dutchman * ''The Sweeper'' (Video, 1996) as Dale Goddard * ''Catherine's Grove'' (1997) as Jack Doyle * ''The Underground'' (1997) as Brian Donnegan * ''Time Under Fire'' (1997) as Alan / John Deakins * ''Extramarital'' (1998) as Griffin * ''Detour'' (Video, 1998) as Danny Devlin * ''The Last Siege: Never Surrender'' (a.k.a. ''Hijack'') (1999) as Eddie Lyman * ''When Justice Fails'' (1999) as Tom Chaney * ''Apocalypse II: Revelation'' (a.k.a. ''Revelation: The Book Has Been Opened'') (1999) as Thorold Stone * ''No Tomorrow'' (1999) as Davis{{Citation needed|date=December 2021}} * ''Dazzle'' (1999) as The Collector * ''The Contract'' (1999) as Detective Tucci * ''Epicenter'' (2000) as FBI Agent Moore * ''The Sculptress'' (2000) as Matthew Dobie * ''The Newcomers'' (2000) as Mack Weatherton * ''Spin Cycle'' (2000) as Tall Vinnie * ''Blind Heat'' (2001) as Paul Burke * ''Out There'' (2001, Short) as Agent Gary Booth * ''Cold Heart'' (2001) as Dr. Phil Davis * ''Maniacts'' (2001) as Joe Spinelli * ''Outlaw'' (2001) as Jim Moran * ''Choosing Matthias'' (2001) as Charlie * ''Inferno'' (a.k.a. ''California Firestorm'') (2002) as Robert 'Jake' Wheeler * ''Unspeakable'' (2002) as Governor * ''Fallen Angels'' (2002) as Prof. Richard Leighton * ''Ghost Rock'' (2004) as Moses Logan * ''No Witness'' (2004) as Senator Gene Haskell * ''Close Call'' (2004) as Elliot Krasner * ''Darkhunters'' (2004) as Mr. Barlow * ''Blue Demon'' (2004) as General Remora * ''Day of Redemption'' (2004) as Frank Everly * ''Corpses'' (Video, 2004) as Captain Winston * ''Killing Cupid'' (a.k.a. ''Warrior or Assassin'') (2005) as The Trainer * ''Split Second'' (2005) as Mr. Kudis * ''Only the Brave'' (2005) as Lt. William Terry * ''Scorpius Gigantus'' (2006) as Major Nick Reynolds * ''The Hunt for Eagle One: Crash Point'' (Video, 2006) as Colonel Halloran * ''Diablita'' (2007) as Bill Rockwell * ''Messages'' (2007) as Dr. Richard Murray * ''Planet Terror'' (2007) as J.T. * ''Matchmaker Mary'' (2008) as Cameron Banks * ''Machete'' (2010) as Booth * ''Terror Trap'' (2010) as Cleveland * ''Blacktino'' (2011) as Cooter * ''Marriage Retreat'' (2011) as Craig Sullivan * ''Dadgum, Texas'' (2011) as Robert E Lee Magee * ''Eldorado'' (2012) as Doc Martin * ''Easy Rider: The Ride Back'' (2012) as Wes Coast * ''Hatfields and McCoys: Bad Blood'' (2012) as Devil Anse Hatfield * ''Sushi Girl'' (2012) as Morris * ''Guns, Girls and Gambling'' (2012) as The Cowboy * ''100 Below Zero'' (2013) as Steve Foster * ''Beneath'' (2013) as George Marsh * ''The Last Light'' (2014) as Harold * ''Dawn Patrol'' (2014) as Trick * ''Skin Traffik'' (2015) as Jacob Andries * ''Too Late'' (2015) as Roger * ''Confident'' (Music video, 2015) (Demi Lovato) * ''Urge'' (2016) as Gerald * ''The Hollow'' (2016) as Darryl Everett * ''County Line'' (2017) as Clint Thorne * ''American Dresser'' (2018) as Calhoun * ''Alita: Battle Angel'' (2019) as McTeague * ''Santa Fake'' (2019) as Jim * ''Badland'' (2019) as Huxley Wainwright * ''Intrigo: Samaria'' (2019) as Jacob * ''Beckman'' (2020) as Philip<ref>{{Cite web|title=Beckman (2020)|publisher=Internet Movie Database|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt10989808/}}</ref> * ''A Bird Flew In'' (2021) * ''The Long Night'' (2022) as Wayne * ''Maneater'' as Professor Hoffman * ''[[Battle For Saipan (2022 film)|Battle For Saipan]]'' (2022) as Col. Jake Carroll * ''Hypnotic'' (2023) as Carl * ''Ruthless'' (2023) * ''One Year Off'' (2023) * Due Justice (2023) as Ellis * ''Horizon: An American Saga – Chapter 1'' (2024) === Igwe onyonyo === * ''One Life to Live'' (1984, TV Series) as Gary Corelli * ''The Execution of Raymond Graham'' (1985, TV Movie) as Raymond Graham * ''Alfred Hitchcock Presents'' (1986, TV Series) as Ray Lee * ''Miami Vice'' (1986, TV Series) as Eddie Kaye * ''Curiosity Kills'' (1990, TV Movie) as Matthew Manus * ''Parker Kane'' (1990, TV Movie) as Parker Kane * ''Sketch Artist'' (1992, TV Movie) as Det. Jack Whitfield * ''In the Company of Darkness'' (1993, TV Movie) as Will McCaid * ''Blindsided'' (1993, TV Movie) as Frank McKenna * ''Eye of the Wolf'' (1995, TV Series) as Paul Weyman * ''Sketch Artist II: Hands That See'' (1995, TV Movie) as Jack * ''Virtual Seduction'' (1995, TV Movie) as Liam Bass * ''The Marshal'' (1995, TV Series) as Deputy Marshal Winston MacBride * ''Every Woman's Dream'' (1996, TV Movie) as Mitch Parker * ''Operation Delta Force'' (a.k.a. ''Great Soldiers'') (1997, TV Movie) as Captain Lang * ''Perversions of Science'' (1997, TV Series) as The Bearded Man * ''On the Line'' (1997, TV Movie) as Det. Dan Collins * ''Johnny 2.0'' (1997, TV Movie) as Johnny Dalton * ''The Seventh Scroll'' (1999, TV Mini-Series) as Nick Harper * ''Time Served'' (1999, TV Movie)<ref>Mick Martin, Marsha Porter, ''The Video Movie Guide 2002'' (2001), p. 1132</ref> as Patrick Berlington * ''Nash Bridges'' (2001, TV Series) as Nelson Collins * ''Crossing Jordan'' (2004, TV Series) as Bounty Hunter * ''American Dreams'' (2004, TV Series) as Stevens * ''Icon'' (2005, TV Movie) as Harvey Blackledge * ''Crimson Force'' (2005, TV Movie) as Older Man * ''Locusts: The 8th Plague'' (2005, TV Movie) as Russ Snow * ''Manticore'' (2005, TV Movie) as Kramer * ''Absolute Zero'' (2006, TV Movie) as Dr. David Kotzman * ''The Eden Formula'' (2006, TV Movie) as Dr. Harrison Parker * ''Psych'' (2008, TV Series) as Dutch the Clutch * ''The Cleaner'' (2008, TV Series) as Quinn * ''Criminal Minds'' (2008, TV Series) as Kane * ''Lost'' (2008–2010, TV Series) as Frank Lapidus * ''Cold Case'' (2009, TV Series) as Darren Malloy '09 * ''CSI: Miami'' (2009, TV Series) as Allen Pierce * ''Law &amp;amp; Order: LA'' (2011, TV Series) as Terry Briggs * ''Chuck'' (2011, TV Series) as Karl Sneijder * ''Workaholics'' (2011, TV Series) as Doug * ''Alien Tornado'' (2012, TV Movie) as Judd Walker * ''Lake Effects'' (2012, TV Movie) as Ray * ''Femme Fatales'' (TV Series, 2012; season 2, episodes 13 & 14) as Detective McAllister * ''Common Law'' (2012, TV; season 1, episode 10) as Dan Noone * ''Revolution'' (2012, TV Series) as Ken 'Hutch' Hutchinson * ''The Sacred'' (2012) as George * ''Hawaii Five-0'' (TV Series, 2013; season 3, episode 12: "Kapu") as Dr. Brian Stevens * ''Under the Dome'' (2013, TV) as Sheriff Howard "Duke" Perkins * ''Rewind'' (2013, TV Movie) as Ellis * ''Justified'' (2015, TV Series) as Zachariah * ''Grimm'' (2015, TV Series) as Elder Bowden * ''The Librarians'' (2015, TV series; season 2, "And What Lies Beneath the Stones") as Isaac Stone * ''Scorpion'' (TV series, 2016; season 2, episode 14: "Son of a Gun") as Kenneth Dodd * ''Atomic Shark'' (2016, TV Movie) * ''Legends of Tomorrow'' (TV series, 2016; season 2, episode 6: "Outlaw Country") as Quentin Turnbull * ''Training Day'' (TV Series, 2017; season 1, episode 5: "Wages of Sin") as Pike * ''NCIS: New Orleans'' (2019) as Sheriff/Mayor * ''Wu Assassins'' (2019) as Jack == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|1194}} * Jeff Fahey at AllMovie * [https://web.archive.org/web/20201203012540/http://www.thespiannet.com/actors/F/fahey_jeff/index.shtml Thespian net] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] omh4funn36vg5rpqk6x7jgmlpl35u4p 0 50568 638106 183588 2026-05-16T17:55:56Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638106 wikitext text/x-wiki Ileogbo bụ isi ụlọ ọrụ dịna ime obodo Aiyedire dị na steeti Osun, Naijiria.  Ọ dị n'etiti Ibadan na Osogbo, isi obodo Oyo na Osun Steeti .  Ibadan dị ihe dị ka afọ iri a na anọ km to n'ebe ndịda Ileogbo ebe Osogbo bụ ihe dịka irí anọ na abụọ km n’ebe ugwu ya, Oyo iri anọ km n’ebe ihie ya, ebe Gbongan na Ife dị n’Ụdị ọmụmụ nke obodo ahụ.  . Aha Ileogbo sitere n'ụdị obodo ochie nke ndị Yoruba na ndị nwere ogologo ndụ ogologo ndụ.  Ileogbo putara ala ochie.  Ndị bi n’obodo a na-asụbu “Ile Ogbo mi ni mo de yi” (nke ndị ibe m ga-ebi ruo mgbe m mere agadi), e mechakwara kpọpụta aha ahụ bụ́rị ọ Ileogbo. Olu nke Ileogbo bu Oba Abeeb Adetoyese Agbaje (aka Kadara) Arowo Okun Joye iri na otu Ileogbo bụ otu n'ime ala ndị Yoruba a ma ama nwere mmemme omenala na ọdịnala ya, Ebe nkiri: Ore (ileogbo Ilu ore, omo arepo panda) kwuru na o bu onye nchekwa nwa afo ileogbo ma ụlọ na mba ofesi.  Ememme ore na-anị otu ugboro n'afọ ma na-agụ ndị mmadụ n'ebe dị anya.  Osisi ore dị ka ịhụ ọdụm n'olulu e gwuru n'ala nke na-ebu oke.  ị na-aza maka ihe nne nke ndị ndụ nwa ya na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ, mgbaàmà ya Mgbe atụ.  Mana nke a bụ njiri mara ụlọ nke osisi Oore dị nsasị dị na Ileogbo. Ileogbo, bụ ihe a na- ịgba ịgbagha agbagha bụ ihe sitere na osisi ore.  Osisi ahụ, n'ihi na ọ dị, na-egosi ebe obibi nke Ileogbo, isi ụlọ ọrụ ọrụ Ayedire na steeti Osun.  Ogologo ndụ osisi ejighị n'aka n'ihi na ndị mbụ biri na-eto eto ụzọ osisi Ore. Osisi ahụ dị n'ihe dịka afọ 1840 ka Kuseela kparịtara ụka pụtara, bụ onye isi ndụ nke agha dị n'etiti Fulani na Ileogbo n'afọ 1822. Ndị Fulani na-akpa Ileogbo n'afọ 1822, ya mere, ebe mbụ ahụ ebe tọgbọrọ n'anya.  efu.  Ka dị n'etiti ndị agha Alaafin na ndị Fulani na Osogbo n'afọ 1840, udo la ihie n'obodo ndị Yoruba, Ileogbo egwu.  Ọganihu ahụ kpalitere Kuseela, gbara ọnụ ọnụ ma jụ ịjụ na ọ na- Nche, ya na ndị na-eso ya n'ebe ọ gbaa osisi ejiri akwa ọcha kegidere.  A na-agba afa na ya na ndị ya ga-hazia na-aga nke ọma. Omenala kwuru na ọ bụ nwoke (Baba Abore) na echere (Iya Abore) na-achị osisi ahụ na jide eze.  Otu n'ime oge gara aga Iya Abore nke Agbo Ile Olukoun nke a na-akpọ osisi Alhaja Jarawu.  Aha a akara njikọ na na-egosi osisi a na-ekwu na ọ na-echekwa.  Ụfọdụ ndị omenaala na-ewere Ore (Oluwere) dị ka ihe ịrịba siri ike ọgbaghara n'Ileogbo.  Osisi awụsa akwụkwọ ya n'okpuru ndò ya. Egungun Egungun (Mmanwụ) bụ mmemme na-adọta ndị mmadụ si obodo na obodo ndị ọzọ na Ileogbo. Ụfọdụ Egungun kacha ewu ewu n'ala ahụ bụ Obadimeji, Apatapiti, Sodo na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ Omenala Igbo bụ ihe a na-aghaghi ịhụ ebe nwata na okenye, nwoke na nwoke, ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ anụmanụ na-erubere ego ahụ, ndị sitere na Ejigbo, ga-apa onwe ha ihe n'ihu ọha n'etiti obodo. Ileogbo nwere ụlọ akwụkwọ nkeonwe na nke nsogbu dịka Luther Kọleji ndị eze nke ileogbo, ụlọ akwụkwọ dị elu obodo, Ileogbo, Ụlọ akwụkwọ Ụka Ụka Afrịka,kuta/ileogbo ndi ọzọ bụ Royal Ambassadọ mahadum mba ụwa, ileogbo, otu ụlọ akwụkwọ Omoloye, ileogbo, ụlọ akwụkwọ Islam Daarul-Hikmah,   , Otu ụlọ akwụkwọ dị ebube, ileogbo na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. A maara Ileogbo nke ọma maka mbọ obodo na ike.  Obodo bụ obodo dị na-ama ụfọdụ Naijiria ebe ndị obodo na-enweta nnukwu ọrụ nke ike àkwà mmiri na nnukwu osimiri (Osimiri Osun). == Ihu igwe == N'Ile-Ogbo, oge udu mmiri na-akpagbu na iru mmiri, oge ọkọchị na-adịkwa n'ụra, na-ekpokwa ọkụ n'afọ niile.  Nkezi Ezi kwa afọ na-adị n'etiti Celsius F irí isii na isii na Celsius F irí iteghete na anọ, ọ na-ghị ada n'okpuru iri isii Celsius F ma ọ bụ na-arị elu elu irí iteghete nà iteghete°F.  [1] [2] Okpomọkụ Ile-Ogbo Site na Jenụwarị abalị iri abụo na abụọ rue abalị asaa bụ oge na-ekpo ọkụ, nke na-adị ọnwa abụọ na uma ise ma nwee oke nha kwa ụbọchị 92. °F.  Ile-Ogbo na-enweta ihu igwe nzaghachi mma na nanọ Ma ọchịchị, yana oke akụ dị iri iteghete na atọ Celsius F na obere akwụkwọ nke iri asaa na atọ°F. Oge oyi nke ọnwa atọ na ụma asaa, nke na-amalite na abalị iri na ise nke ọnwa Juunu ruo abali isii nke ọnwa Ọktoba, nwere nkenke elele kwa ụbọchị na- ọgụ iri asatọ na ise°F.  Ọgọọst bụ ọnwa kacha oyi n'afọ n'Ile-Ogbo, na nkezi akwụkwọ dị iri asaa na otu Celsius F na oke akwụkwọ nke iri asatọ nà atọ°F. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110130185953/http://www.ileogbo.com/ Weebụsaịtị Ileogbo] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20241010180333/https://naijaray.com.ng/the-ancient-sacred-oore-tree-in-ileogbo/ Osisi Oore Ochie Ochie di n'Ileogbo] <references /> [[Òtù:Ȯra Osun]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 47efmudrmjr5275xd4gu0ft23l1mj8t 0 50791 638103 194100 2026-05-16T15:50:14Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638103 wikitext text/x-wiki Ihe mkpuchi ala bụ ngwaahịa a na-agbakwunye na ala iji meziwanye àgwà anụ ahụ nke ala, na-emekarị ọmụmụ ya (ikike inye nri maka osisi) na mgbe ụfọdụ ọrụ ya. N'iji ya eme ihe n'ozuzu ya, a na-echekarị okwu ahụ bụ "ihe mkpuchi ala" dị ka akụkụ nke mmezi ala (ma ọ bụ mma ala, ọnọdụ ala), nke a na-aghọtakarị na ọ gụnyere ọtụtụ fatịlaịza na ihe ndị na-abụghị organic. 1] Na onodu nke ewu ala oyi na-akpọkwa ala stabilization. Enwere ike iji ihe mkpuchi ala mee ka ala dara ogbenye dịkwuo mma, ma ọ bụ wughachi ala nke mebiri emebi site na njikwa ala na-ezighi ezi. Ha nwere ike ime ka ala na-adịghị mma na-eji ya eme ihe, enwere ike iji ya mee ka ala dị n'ogo dị elu.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Noble|first=R|title=Risks and benefits of soil amendment with composts in relation to plant pathogens|journal=Australasian Plant Pathology|date=March 2011|volume=40|issue=157|pages=157–167|doi=10.1007/s13313-010-0025-7}}</ref> == Ihe ndị mejupụtara ya == A kọwawo ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche dị ka ihe na-edozi ala n'ihi ike ha na-eme ka mma ala dị mma. Ụfọdụ ihe atụ gụnyere biochar,[3] nri ọkpụkpụ, nri ọbara, ogige kọfị, compost, tii compost, coir, nri, [4] ahịhịa, peat, sphagnum moss, vermiculite, sọlfọ, lime, hydroabsorbant polymers, [5] na biosolids.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nviro.com/files/Biosolids_Facts.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404072822/http://www.nviro.com/files/Biosolids_Facts.pdf|archivedate=4 April 2015|title=Questions and Answers on Land Application of Biosolids|publisher=Water Environment Federation|accessdate=24 April 2015}}</ref> Ọtụtụ ihe nkpuchi ala na-abịa n'ụdị ngwaahịa organic akwadoro, maka ndị mmadụ na-eche maka idobe ihe ọkụkụ organic ma ọ bụ ubi ahịhịa. A na-enweta ihe mkpuchi ala nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nkọwa ọ bụla site na ụlọ ahịa dị n'ịntanetị ma ọ bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara mpaghara yana ụlọ ahịa na-ebubata ubi.<ref name="Natural Fertilizers and Soil Amendments">{{Cite web|title=Natural Fertilizers Amendments|url=http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/chatham/ag/SustAg/fertlist.html|accessdate=May 10, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120424002948/http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/chatham/ag/SustAg/fertlist.html|archivedate=April 24, 2012}}</ref> === Polyacrylamides === A na-enyocha polyacrylamides n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka ihe na-edozi ala.[8] Ewebata ha dị ka "linear ala conditioner" na 1950 site Monsanto Company n'okpuru ahia aha Krilium. E gosipụtara nkà na ụzụ nhazi nke ala na nnọkọ mkparịta ụka na "Mmelite nke Ọdịdị Ala" nke e mere na Philadelphia, [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]] na Disemba 29, 1951. Edebere nkà na ụzụ ahụ nke ọma na e bipụtara ya na mbipụta June 1952 nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Soil Science, olu 73, June 1952 nke a raara nye maka ihe mkpuchi ala polymeric. Nhazi mbụ nke polyacrylamide ala conditioners siri ike iji n'ihi na ọ nwere calcium nke jikọtara polymer linear n'okpuru ọnọdụ ubi. Monsanto gbahapụrụ Krilium. Ndị na-edozi ala na-edozi mmiri na-enye uru ndị a: <ref>{{Cite journal|journal=Soil Science|year=1986|volume=141|issue=5|title=Foreword|author=[[Arthur Wallace]], [[Sheldon D. Nelson]]}}</ref> # mụbaa oghere dị n'ala nwere ụrọ # mụbaa mmiri na-abanye n'ime ala nwere ụrọ # gbochie mkpocha ala # ịkwụsị erosion na mmiri na-asọba # mee ka ala na-agbawa agbawa nke dị mfe ịkọ # mee ka ala kpọọ ngwa ngwa mgbe mmiri ozuzo ma ọ bụ ịgba mmiri gasịrị, ka e wee nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ n'ala ngwa ngwa # osisi ndị siri ike, ndị buru ibu nwere usoro mgbọrọgwụ sara mbara # mmalite nke mkpụrụ na ntozu nke ihe ọkụkụ # ojiji mmiri dị irè karị # iwepụ ahịhịa dị mfe # mmeghachi omume na fatịlaịza na ụdị ihe ọkụkụ ọhụrụ # obere ọrịa osisi ndị metụtara ikuku na-adịghị mma n'ala # mbelata ike achọrọ maka ịkọ ugbo A na-ejikarị ụdị polyacrylamide, nke na-ejigide mmiri nke ukwuu, eme ihe maka ọrụ ugbo na ọrụ ugbo n'okpuru aha azụmahịa dịka Broadleaf P4 na Swell-Gel. Na mgbakwunye na iji ya mee ihe n'ala ugbo, a na-eji polymer ndị a eme ihe n'ebe a na-ewu ihe maka Nchịkwa mbuze, iji chebe [[Ịdị mma mmiri|ogo mmiri]] nke [[osimiri]] na iyi ndị dị nso.<ref>Construction Contract Standards "Standard Specifications State of California".</ref> Dị ka monomer nonionic ọ nwere ike iso anionic mee ihe dịka ọmụmaatụ Acrylic acid na cationic monomer dị ka diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC) ma mepụta co-polymer nke nwere ike ịnwe ndakọrịta dị iche iche na ngwa dị iche iche. A na-ejikwa Polyacrylamide mee ihe n'ala ite ite.<ref name="ecanada">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ec.gc.ca/ese-ees/default.asp?lang=En&xml=FF4FCD6E-B330-7266-D1FD-B44C48A6BC9B|title=Screening Assessment for the Challenge: 2-Propenamide (Acrylamide)|author=Environment Canada|date=August 2009|work=Environment and Climate Change Canada|publisher=Government of Canada|authorlink=Environment Canada}}</ref> Ojiji ọzọ nke polyacrylamide bụ dị ka kemịkal dị n'etiti na mmepụta nke N-methylol acrylamide na N-butoxyacrylamides.<ref name="NIOSHskin">{{Cite journal|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-139/pdfs/2011-139.pdf|title=NIOSH skin notation (SK) profile: acrylamide [CAS No. 79-06-1].|author=Dotson|first=GS|date=April 2011|journal=DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2011-139}}</ref> == Ebumnuche == === Ọdịdị ala === Ojiji a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-eme ka ala dị mma bụ iji melite ọdịdị ala. Ala na-ejikarị mkpakọ ka oge na-aga. Mkpokọta ala na-egbochi uto mgbọrọgwụ, na-ebelata ikike nke osisi iji nweta ihe oriri na mmiri. Ndị na-edozi ala nwere ike ịgbakwunye loft na ọdịdị iji mee ka ala dị nro.<ref name="Soil Compaction: Causes, Effects, and Control">{{Cite web|title=Soil Compaction: Causes, Effects, and Control|url=http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/cropsystems/components/3115s01.html#section1|accessdate=May 10, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120529093857/http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/cropsystems/components/3115s01.html#section1|archivedate=May 29, 2012}}</ref> === Ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ n'ala === Kemgbe ọtụtụ narị afọ, ndị mmadụ anọwo na-agbakwunye ihe na ala na-adịghị mma iji melite ikike ha iji kwado uto osisi dị mma. A ka na-eji ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị a, dị ka compost, ụrọ na peat, eme ihe nke ukwuu taa. Ọtụtụ mmezigharị ala na-agbakwunye ihe oriri dịka carbon na nitrogen, yana nje bacteria bara uru. Ihe ndị ọzọ na-edozi ahụ, dị ka calcium, magnesium na phosphorus, nwekwara ike ịbawanye site na mmezigharị. Nke a na-eme ka ala baa ọgaranya, na-enye ohere ka osisi too ma sie ike.<ref name="Soil Amendments and Fertilizers">{{Cite web|title=Soil Amendments and Fertilizers|url=http://www.hgic.umd.edu/content/documents/hg42_002.pdf|accessdate=May 10, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526155907/http://www.hgic.umd.edu/content/documents/hg42_002.pdf|archivedate=May 26, 2012}}</ref> === Mgbanwe nke Cation === Mgbanwe ala nwekwara ike ịbawanye ikike mgbanwe cation (CEC) nke ala. Ala na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ebe nchekwa nke ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ. Ikike nke ala iji chekwaa otu ìgwè ihe na-edozi ahụ, cations. Cations ala ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ calcium, magnesium, potassium, ammonium, Hydrogen, na sodium. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ngụkọta nke cations ala nwere ike ijide, ngụkọta ụgwọ ya, bụ ikike mgbanwe cation nke ala. Ka CEC dị elu, ka ụgwọ na-adịghị mma dị elu na cations ndị ọzọ enwere ike ijide ma gbanwee ya na mgbọrọgwụ osisi, na-enye ha nri ha chọrọ.<ref name="Fundamentals of Soil Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)">{{Cite web|title=Fundamentals of Soil Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)|url=http://www.extension.purdue.edu/extmedia/AY/AY-238.html|accessdate=May 10, 2012}}</ref><ref name="What is Soil Conditioner?">{{Cite web|title=What is Soil Conditioner?|url=https://www.southlandorganics.com/article/what-soil-conditioner|accessdate=February 18, 2013|archivedate=April 2, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402180042/https://www.southlandorganics.com/article/what-soil-conditioner}}</ref> === Ịnọgide mmiri === Enwere ike iji ihe na-eme ka ala dị mma iji melite ijigide mmiri n'ala kpọrọ nkụ, nke na-adịghị ejide mmiri nke ọma. Mgbakwunye nke ihe ndị dị ndụ dịka ọmụmaatụ nwere ike imeziwanye ikike ijide mmiri nke ala [[Sandy soil|ájá]] ma enwere ike itinye ha iji gbanwee pH nke ala iji gboo mkpa nke osisi ụfọdụ ma ọ bụ iji mee ka ala acid ma ọ bụ alkaline dị elu.<ref name="Improving Your Soil">{{Cite web|title=Improving Your Soil|url=http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/consumer/quickref/soil/improving_soil.html|accessdate=May 10, 2012|archivedate=April 27, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120427051256/http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/consumer/quickref/soil/improving_soil.html}}</ref> Enwere ike iji ihe ndị ọzọ mee ihe iji were ọrụ nke ihe ndị mejupụtara na ụrọ n'imeziwanye ala ka a nyochara na ntọala sayensị na mbido narị afọ nke 20, a na-echepụta okwu ahụ bụ ọnọdụ ala. Ntọala ndị a na-ekpe ikpe ihe ndị dị otú ahụ na-abụkarị ọnụ ahịa ha, ikike ha nwere ịbawanye mmiri n'ala ruo ogologo oge, ịkpali ọrụ microbiological, ịbawanye ọkwa nri na imeziwanye ọnụego ndụ osisi. E webatara ihe mbụ na-eme ka ala dị n'ime ala n'afọ ndị 1950, mgbe polyacrylonitrile nke mmiri na-emepụta bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe. N'ihi ikike ha nwere ịmịkọrọ ọtụtụ narị okpukpu nke ibu ha na mmiri, polyacrylamides na polymethacrylates (nke a makwaara dị ka hydroabsorbent polymers, superabsorbent polymers ma ọ bụ hydrogels) ka a nwalere n'ọrụ ugbo, ọrụ ugbo na ịma mma ala malite na afọ 1960. Mmasị lara n'iyi mgbe nnwale gosipụtara na ha bụ phytotoxic n'ihi nnukwu acrylamide monomer fọdụrụ. Ọ bụ ezie na ọganihu n'ịmepụta ihe mechara mee ka monomer gbadaa n'okpuru ọkwa na-egbu egbu, akwụkwọ sayensị na-egosi ihe ịga nke ọma ole na ole n'iji polymer ndị a mee ihe maka ịbawanye ogo osisi ma ọ bụ ịdị ndụ. Ọdịdị nke ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke ngwaọrụ ndị nwere ike ịdị irè na mbido afọ 1980, gụnyere hydroabsorbent polymers na copolymers sitere na ezinụlọ propenamide na propenamide-propenoate, meghere ọhụụ ọhụrụ. === Nkwado ala === N'ihe gbasara iwu ụlọ, e nwere ụfọdụ usoro mmezi ala nke e bu n'uche imeziwanye ike na nguzogide nke ala dị nro, dịka ọmụmaatụ mgbe ị na-egwu ọwa miri emi maka ụzọ n'okpuru ala ma ọ bụ iwu ọwa.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Architectural Graphic Standards|publisher=The American Institute of Architects|date=2008|isbn=9780470085462}}</ref> A na-ejikwa usoro nkwụsi ike nke ala nke obere nrụgide kemịkal na-abanye n'ime ala maka ntọala dị elu dị ka ihe ọzọ iji kpoo ntọala na mmepe obibi n'elu ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa East River. Mmetụta nrụgide nwere ike isi ike itinye n'ọrụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi na ebe ndị nwere ihe mkpofu ma ọ bụ ala dịgasị iche iche na nke siri ike.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Lees|first=David|title=Permeation Grouting in Sydney|journal=Conference: Geotechnical Advances and Challenges in Urban Development|date=May 2021|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351870455_PERMEATION_GROUTING_IN_SYDNEY}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc683000/|title=Laboratory Evaluation of Performance and Durability of Polymer Grouts for Subsurface Hydraulic/Diffusion Barriers|date=1994|publisher=Brookhaven National Laboratory|work=UNT Digital Library|quote=The selection of subsurface barriers for any given site which needs remediation, and the selection of a particular barrier technology must be done, however, by means of the Superfund Process, with special emphasis on the remedial investigation and feasibility study portions. The chemical compatibility of the material with the wastes, leachates and geology with which it is likely to come in contact is of particular importance for barriers constructed from fluids which are supposed to set in-situ. EPA emphasizes this compatibility in its guidance documents, noting that thorough characterization of the waste, leachate, barrier material chemistry, site geochemistry, and compatibility testing of the barrier material with the likely disposal site chemical environment are all required.}}</ref> == Ntinye aha == Enwere ike itinye ihe na-eme ka ala dị nro n'ọtụtụ ụzọ. A na-eji osisi na-egwupụta ihe n'ime ala rụọ ọrụ ụfọdụ n'ime ha tupu ha akụ. A na-etinye ndị ọzọ mgbe a kụrụ ha, ma ọ bụ oge ụfọdụ n'oge oge uto. A ga-eme nnwale ala tupu etinye ihe na-eme ka ala dị mma iji mụtakwuo banyere ihe mejupụtara na ọdịdị ala. Nnyocha a ga-ekpebi ihe ndị ga-adaba adaba maka ọnọdụ ndị dịnụ.<ref name="Producing Garden Vegetables with Organic Soil Amendments">{{Cite web|title=Producing Garden Vegetables with Organic Soil Amendments|url=http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/mg323|accessdate=May 10, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000523220738/http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/MG323|archivedate=May 23, 2000}}</ref> == Nchegbu banyere gburugburu ebe obibi == Ọ bụ ezie na ịgbakwunye ihe na-eme ka ala dị n'ihe ọkụkụ ma ọ bụ n'ubi nwere ike iyi ka ọ bụ ụzọ dị mma iji nweta osisi ndị dị mma, itinye ihe ụfọdụ n'ọrụ gabigara ókè nwere ike ịkpata nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, [[Ńnú|nnu]], nitrogen, ọla na ihe ndị ọzọ na-edozi ahụ nke dị n'ọtụtụ mmezi ala anaghị arụpụta ihe mgbe agbakwunyere ya n'ụzọ gabigara ókè, ọ pụkwara imebi ahụike osisi n'ezie. (Lee fatịlaịza ọkụ.) Mmiri na-edozi ahụ karịrị akarị n'ime mmiri na-emekwa, nke na-emerụ ahụ na mmiri na, site na ya, gburugburu ebe obibi.<ref name="Protecting Water Quality from Agricultural Runoff">{{Cite web|title=Protecting Water Quality from Agricultural Runoff|url=http://www.epa.gov/owow/NPS/Ag_Runoff_Fact_Sheet.pdf|accessdate=May 10, 2012}}</ref> == Ebem si dee == [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ser1gaqy7xer2t5pmilko99ub7zbnlm 0 52000 638155 439531 2026-05-17T02:39:26Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Jitendra Tiwari|office1=[[Asansol|Mayor of Asansol]]|term_start1=13 October 2015<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Jitendra-Tiwari-has-been-selected-mayor-of-Asansol-municipal-corporation-/articleshow/49338162.cms|title=Jitendra Tiwari has been selected mayor of Asansol municipal corporation. - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=13 October 2015 }}</ref>|successor1=Amarnath Chatterjee|term_end1=17 December 2020<ref>{{cite news |last1=Loiwal |first1=Manogya |title=Rebel TMC MLA Jitendra Tiwari resigns from key post in Asansol Municipal Corporation |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/rebel-tmc-mla-jitendra-tiwari-resigns-from-key-post-in-asansol-municipal-corporation-1750472-2020-12-17 |work=India Today |date=17 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref>|birth_date=|birth_place=[[Asansol]], [[India]]|spouse=|profession=[[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/mla-jitendra-kumar-tiwari-s-temple-message/cid/1689207|title=MLA Jitendra Kumar Tiwari 's temple message|website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref><br/>[[Mayor]] of [[Asansol]]<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/asansol-clash-jitendra-kr-tiwari-lodges-complaint-against-babul-supriyo-1563736-2019-07-07|title=Asansol clash: Jitendra Kr Tiwari lodges complaint against Babul Supriyo|agency=Asian News International |date=July 7, 2019 |magazine=India Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/rath-yatra-asansol-mayor-jitendra-tiwari-offers-rs-25000-each-to-22-committees20190704184447/|title=Rath Yatra: Asansol Mayor Jitendra Tiwari offers Rs 25,000 each to 22 committees|website=www.aninews.in|accessdate=2024-09-10|archivedate=2025-04-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250415011409/https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/rath-yatra-asansol-mayor-jitendra-tiwari-offers-rs-25000-each-to-22-committees20190704184447/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/photo-gallery-asansol-mayor-lashes-out-at-babul-supriyo-for-mocking-his-rath-yatra-donations-calls-him-a-monkey-tmc-will-cage-2768729|title=Asansol Mayor lashes out at Babul Supriyo for mocking his Rath Yatra donations, calls him a monkey TMC will cage &#124; Latest News & Updates at DNAIndia.com|website=DNA India}}</ref>|website=|party=[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (2021-present)}} Jitendra Tiwari bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị India. Ọ bụ onye otu Bharatiya Janata Party. Ọ bụbu onye isi obodo Asansol na onye otu West Bengal omebe iwu na-anọchite anya mpaghara Pandaveswar[1] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aajtak.intoday.in/story/west-bengal-asansol-municipal-corporation-mayor-jitendra-tiwari-babul-supriyo-1-1089316.html|title=TMC विधायक को धमकी भरी फोन कॉल, केंद्रीय मंत्री बाबुल सुप्रियो के खिलाफ FIR दर्ज|work=aajtak.intoday.in|date=June 2019}}</ref> .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Member List|work=West Bengal Legislative Assembly|url=http://wbassembly.gov.in/MLA_All.aspx|accessdate=27 December 2019}}</ref> == Arụmụka == Tiwari anọwo na ọtụtụ esemokwu n'ihi omume ya na ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. * N'ọnwa Machị 2019, Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Nhọrọ nke India zigara Jitendra Tiwari ọkwa ihe ngosi maka ịkpọsa ụgwọ ọrụ ego nye ndị kansụl ga-ahụ maka mmeri nke onye Trinamool Congress na ntuli aka India nke afọ 2019. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/ec-notice-to-tmc-mla-jitendra-tiwari-for-declaring-reward-for-votes-5636738/|title=EC notice to TMC MLA Jitendra Tiwari for declaring 'reward for votes'|date=2019-03-21}}</ref> * Na Mee 2019, Times Now wepụtara ihe nkiri nke Tiwari ebe e jidere ya na-eyi onye uwe ojii egwu na Durgapur, West Bengal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/videos/mirror-now/crime/caught-on-camera-tmc-leader-jitendra-kumar-tiwari-threatens-a-police-official-in-w-bs-durgapur/32865|title=Caught on camera: TMC leader Jitendra Kumar Tiwari threatens a police official in W.B's Durgapur}}</ref> * N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2019, Tiwari boro Onye omeiwu Babul Supriyo ebubo na ọ na-eyi ya egwu n'oge a na-akpọ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/caller-claiming-to-be-babul-supriyo-threatening-me-trinamool-leader-jitendra-kumar-tiwari-2046579|title="Caller Claiming to be Babul Supriyo Threatening Me": Trinamool Leader}}</ref> * N'abalị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2020, Tiwari degaara Minista na-ahụ maka mmepe obodo na ihe gbasara obodo [[Firhad Hakim]] akwụkwọ ozi, na-ebo gọọmentị [[Mamata Banerjee]] na-eduzi ebubo na ha na-eme ikpe na-ezighị ezi n'obodo Asansol site n'iwepụ obodo ahụ na atụmatụ gọọmentị etiti. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/injustice-to-asansol-tmc-mla-jitendra-tiwari-questions-west-bengal-urban-development-minister-on-smart-city-funds|title=Injustice with the city of Asansol}}</ref> * Na 17 Disemba 2020, Tiwari hapụrụ Trinamool Congress wee gbaa arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa onyeisi oche na onye nchịkwa nke Asansol Municipal Corporation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://banglahunt.com/jitendra-tiwari-leave-trinamool-congress/|title="Jitendra Tiwari leaves Trinamool Congress|date=17 December 2020|accessdate=10 September 2024|archivedate=3 December 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203182443/https://banglahunt.com/jitendra-tiwari-leave-trinamool-congress/}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Tiwari malitere ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya na Trinamool Congress na 2011. Na Disemba 2020, ọ hapụrụ Trinamool Congress mana sonye ọzọ ka ụbọchị ole na ole gasịrị. Na 2 Maachị 2021, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na Trinamool Congress wee sonye na Bharatiya Janata Party n'ihu Dilip Ghosh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/west-bengal-election-2021-trinamool-mla-jitendra-tewari-dramatically-returned-after-quitting-by-mistake-joins-bjp-2382163|title=TMC MLA Jitendra Kumar Tiwari joined BJP|work=ndtv.in}}</ref> == Ebem si dee == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] dv12e8ohsidhoc109qjd8nz8pe3gizc 0 54049 638180 540596 2026-05-17T10:22:39Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638180 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Kelly Brazier''' (amụrụ 28 Ọktoba 1989) bụ otu egwuregwu rugby New Zealand na onye ọkpụkpọ asaa . Ọ gbara flyhalf, center na fullback maka Black ferns, otu egwuregwu rugby mba ụmụ nwanyị New Zealand, ma zọọkwa n'asọmpị iko mba ụwa Rugby atọ na 2010, 2014 na 2017 . Ọ nọchitere anya Otago, Canterbury na Bay of Plenty na iko Farah Palmer . Brazier anọchikwarala ndị otu Black Ferns asaa n'egwuregwu [[Egwuregwu Olympic|Olympic]], Rugby World Cup Sevens, usoro nke asaa ụmụ nwanyị na egwuregwu Commonwealth . O nwetala ihe nrite ọla edo n'asọmpi isi asaa ọ bụla. == Ọrụ mmalite == A mụrụ Brazier na Dunedin na nna onye England na nne Irish bụ onye bịara New Zealand na nwa mbụ ha Tony. Ọrụ egwuregwu ya malitere na ise mgbe nwanne ya nwoke dị afọ abụọ kpọọrọ ya gaa n'ọhịa rugby, ma kewara n'etiti mmetụ aka n'oge okpomọkụ na rugby n'oge oyi. Brazier nọ na ndị otu mmetụ aka agwakọta U21 nke New Zealand na 14 yana na otu ụmụ agbọghọ sekọndrị New Zealand na 15. Ọ malitekwara igwu egwu na [[Alhambra Union Rugby Football Club|Alhambra Union]] rugby na 2003 na nhọrọ mpaghara Otago Spirit na 2004. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kelly Brazier, a remarkable rugby talent|url=http://www.itmaru.org.nz/newsline/?p=1396|work=Aoraki Polytechnic Newsline|accessdate=7 January 2012|author=Marion Mouat|date=24 August 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009034810/http://www.itmaru.org.nz/newsline/?p=1396|archivedate=9 October 2011}}</ref> Ọ banyere n'akwụkwọ ndekọ rugby New Zealand na 2 Mee 2009, mgbe ọ nwetara isi 64 - ọgbalị iri na ntụgharị asaa - maka ụlọ ọgbakọ ya na egwuregwu Otago Metropolitan Women's Premier egwuregwu megide [[Kaikorai Rugby Football Club|Kaikorai]] na Mahadum Oval na Dunedin. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.odt.co.nz/sport/rugby/54135/rugby-dunedin-teen-bags-nz-scoring-record|title=Dunedin teen bags NZ scoring record|author=Alistair McMurran|date=5 May 2009|work=Otago Daily Times|accessdate=14 November 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506145149/http://www.odt.co.nz/sport/rugby/54135/rugby-dunedin-teen-bags-nz-scoring-record#|archivedate=6 May 2009}}</ref> == Ọrụ Rugby == === 2009–10 === Brazier mere mpụta mbụ ya na mba ụwa megide England na 14 Nọvemba 2009 na Pillar Data Arena, na Esher, mgbe Black Ferns meriri 16–3. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.allblacks.com/news/11628/Black-Ferns-team-named-for-first-Test-against-England|title=Black Ferns team named for first test against England|date=13 November 2009|accessdate=14 November 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100525171910/https://www.allblacks.com/news/11628/Black-Ferns-team-named-for-first-Test-against-England|archivedate=25 May 2010}}</ref> N'egwuregwu ule nke abụọ e mere na Twickenham n'ihu igwe mmadụ 12500 Black Ferns meriri 10–3. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rwcwomens.com/news/newsid=2034502.html|title=England's women boost confidence with NZ win|date=22 November 2009|accessdate=15 November 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101111154547/http://www.rwcwomens.com/news/newsid%3D2034502.html|archivedate=11 November 2010}}</ref> Brazier so na ndị a họpụtara maka 2009 Steinlager Rugby Awards maka NZRU Women's Player of the Year na Carla Hohepa na Victoria Heighway, onye meriri. <ref>{{Cite web|date=4 December 2009|title=Remaining nominees for 2009 Steinlager Rugby Awards|url=http://www.allblacks.com/news/11792/Remaining-nominees-for-2009-Steinlager-Rugby-Awards|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091207070831/http://www.allblacks.com/news/11792/Remaining-nominees-for-2009-Steinlager-Rugby-Awards|archivedate=7 December 2009|accessdate=15 November 2010}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=18 December 2009|title=2009 Steinlager Rugby Awards winners announced|url=http://www.voxy.co.nz/sport/2009-steinlager-rugby-awards-winners-announced/5/33695|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326111930/http://www.voxy.co.nz/sport/2009-steinlager-rugby-awards-winners-announced/5/33695#|archivedate=26 March 2012|accessdate=15 November 2010}}</ref> Akpọrọ ya aha Otago Institute of Sport and Adventure onye egwuregwu kacha elu na 2009 na 2010. <ref>{{Cite web|date=23 October 2010|title=Brazier again wins institute award|url=http://www.odt.co.nz/sport/sport/133023/sports-awards-brazier-again-wins-institute-award|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017060415/http://www.odt.co.nz/sport/sport/133023/sports-awards-brazier-again-wins-institute-award#|archivedate=17 October 2012|accessdate=15 November 2010|work=Otago Daily Times}}</ref> Brazier keere òkè na 2010 Women's Rugby World Cup, na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na Black Ferns 'na-aga nke ọma na njedebe ikpeazụ megide England ma ghọọ onye na-ebute ụzọ na 4 mgbalị, 11 ntụgharị na 2 penalties. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rwcwomens.com/home/news/newsid=2040283.html|title=New Zealand crowned world champions|date=5 September 2010|accessdate=28 November 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210104811/http://www.rwcwomens.com/home/news/newsid%3D2040283.html|archivedate=10 December 2010}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rwcwomens.com/news/newsid=2040203.html|title=Final statistics|date=6 September 2010|accessdate=28 November 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110227031635/http://www.rwcwomens.com/news/newsid%3D2040203.html|archivedate=27 February 2011}}</ref> Ọ gbara mbọ mbụ ya n'oge asọmpi ha na South Africa na-ekele maka ngafe dị mma nke Anna Richards . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Pool A: Australia and New Zealand enjoy wins|url=http://www.rwcwomens.com/news/newsid=2039687.html|accessdate=7 January 2012|date=20 August 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203000312/http://www.rwcwomens.com/news/newsid%3D2039687.html|archivedate=3 December 2013}}</ref> === 2011 === Mgbe ọ gachara onye nchịkwa ma kpọọ Clan Rugby na Edmonton, [[Kánada|Canada]] ruo ọnwa anọ, Brazier laghachiri na New Zealand maka mmalite nke NPC ụmụ nwanyị na Canterbury. N'agbanyeghị ezigbo mpụta mbụ ya na ndị otu ọhụrụ ya - agbali abụọ na 60–0 meriri Hawke's Bay Tuis <ref>{{Cite web|title=Dream start for Canty|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/timaru-herald/sport/5367704/Dream-start-for-Canty|work=The Timaru Herald|accessdate=7 January 2012|date=1 August 2011}}</ref> - yana mmeri ndị ọzọ megide Manawatu Cyclones na ndị otu ya mbụ Otago Spirit, Canterbury erubeghị ikpeazụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Women storm into provincial rugby final|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/sport/5521084/Women-storm-into-provincial-rugby-final|work=[[The Dominion Post (Wellington)|The Dominion Post]]|accessdate=7 January 2012|date=29 August 2011}}</ref> N'October 2011, onye isi nchịkwa New Zealand Grant Hansen kpọrọ ya ka ọ kpọọ ule atọ megide England, njem nke mechiri na ọnwụ abụọ na eserese maka Black Ferns na naanị 5 isi maka ya (ntụgharị na ntaramahụhụ). === 2017–19 === Akpọrọ Brazier aha na ndị otu maka iko mba ụwa Rugby nke ụmụ nwanyị 2017 . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.allblacks.com/News/31052/black-ferns-squad-for-2017-womens-rugby-world-cup-named|title=Black Ferns squad for 2017 Women's Rugby World Cup named|work=All Blacks|language=en|accessdate=13 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142409/http://www.allblacks.com/News/31052/black-ferns-squad-for-2017-womens-rugby-world-cup-named|archivedate=12 June 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/sport/334498/black-ferns-world-cup-squad-named|title=Black Ferns World Cup squad named|date=5 July 2017|work=Radio New Zealand|accessdate=13 August 2017|language=en-nz}}</ref> Na 2018 Commonwealth Games, Brazier nwetara mmeri mmeri na njedebe ikpeazụ megide [[Ostraliya|Australia]], na-agba ọsọ 80 mita na ichekwa ọla edo maka New Zealand. Na 2019, ọ bụ akụkụ nke otu mmeri nke Women's Super Rugby Series . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/rugby/black-ferns/114218297/black-ferns-skipper-les-elder-returns-for-super-series-decider-against-england|title=Black Ferns skipper Les Elder returns for Super Series decider against England|date=13 July 2019|publisher=Stuff.co.nz|accessdate=2019-07-17}}</ref> === 2022 === Akpọrọ Brazier aha na Black Ferns Sevens squad maka egwuregwu Commonwealth 2022 na Birmingham . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-06-29|title=Rugby Sevens teams named for Commonwealth Games|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/rugby-sevens-teams-named-for-commonwealth-games/|accessdate=2022-07-04|work=All Blacks|language=en-NZ|archivedate=2022-06-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629071628/https://www.allblacks.com/news/rugby-sevens-teams-named-for-commonwealth-games/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-06-29|title=Experienced New Zealand sevens squads revealed for Commonwealth Games|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/commonwealth-games/300624797/experienced-new-zealand-sevens-squads-revealed-for-commonwealth-games|accessdate=2022-07-04|work=Stuff|language=en}}</ref> O nwetara ihe nrite ọla n'egwuregwu Commonwealth. <ref>{{Cite web|author=McConnell|first=Lynn|date=2022-08-01|title=Double bronze for New Zealand Sevens sides in Birmingham|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/double-bronze-for-new-zealand-sevens-sides-in-birmingham/|accessdate=2022-08-05|work=All Blacks|language=en-NZ|archivedate=2022-08-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805172813/https://www.allblacks.com/news/double-bronze-for-new-zealand-sevens-sides-in-birmingham/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-08-01|title=NZ Sevens sides bounce back to win bronze medals|url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/08/01/black-ferns-sevens-bounce-back-for-bronze-in-tough-canada-clash/|accessdate=2022-08-05|work=1 News|language=en}}</ref> O mechara nweta ihe nrite ọla ọcha n'asọmpi Rugby World Sevens nke atọ na [[Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Julian|first=Adam|date=2022-09-12|title=New Zealand sides scoop silver in Cape Town|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/heartbreak-for-new-zealand-sides-in-cape-town/|accessdate=2022-09-22|work=All Blacks|language=en-NZ|archivedate=2022-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922010536/https://www.allblacks.com/news/heartbreak-for-new-zealand-sides-in-cape-town/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-09-12|title=NZ Sevens come up short, losing World Cup finals in Cape Town|url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/09/12/nz-sevens-come-up-short-losing-world-cup-finals-in-cape-town/|accessdate=2022-09-22|work=1 News|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Wilson|first=Sam|date=2022-09-11|title=Recap: New Zealand's men and women beaten in Rugby World Cup Sevens finals in Cape Town|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/rugby/sevens/300684524/recap-new-zealands-men-and-women-lose-their-rugby-world-cup-sevens-finals-in-cape-town|accessdate=2022-09-22|work=Stuff|language=en}}</ref> === 2023 === Mgbe ụkwụ ikpeazụ nke 2022–23 Women's Sevens Series, Brazier were izu ụka asatọ na [[Japan]] iji chịkwaa [[Brave Louve]] na 2023 Taiyo Seimei Women's Sevens Series. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-04-26|title=Kelly Brazier to embrace coaching opportunity|url=https://www.allblacks.com/news/kelly-brazier-to-embrace-coaching-opportunity/|accessdate=2023-04-29|work=All Blacks|language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name="McFadden">{{Cite web|author=McFadden|first=Suzanne|date=2023-04-26|title=Black Ferns Sevens star to coach in Japan|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/black-ferns-sevens-star-kelly-braziers-brave-step-to-coach-in-japan/2TWB5YOZW5A3HM45HZ7BLQ4IEQ/|accessdate=2023-04-29|work=NZ Herald|language=en-NZ|archivedate=2023-04-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230429004948/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/black-ferns-sevens-star-kelly-braziers-brave-step-to-coach-in-japan/2TWB5YOZW5A3HM45HZ7BLQ4IEQ/}}</ref> Ọrụ ya dị ka 'onye nchịkwa ntụpọ' gụnyere ịrụ ọrụ na atụmatụ egwuregwu na nkà ọkpụkpọ. <ref name="McFadden" /> Ịlaghachi na ndị otu New Zealand maka oge 2023-24 Brazier gbara mbọ ya otu narị na mmeri otu egwuregwu ahụ meriri Brazil na asọmpi Dubai na 2–3 Disemba 2023. == Ndụ onwe onye == Brazier bụ nwanyị nwanyị n'ihu ọha na nwunye ya Tahlia mụrụ nwa mbụ ha na 2020. <ref>{{Cite web|title='It's what gets me out of bed every day' - Black Fern Kelly Brazier embracing huge 2020|url=https://www.tvnz.co.nz/one-news/sport/rugby/its-gets-me-bed-every-day-black-fern-kelly-brazier-embracing-huge-2020|accessdate=2021-08-02|work=1 NEWS|language=en-NZ|archivedate=2021-08-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802180011/https://www.tvnz.co.nz/one-news/sport/rugby/its-gets-me-bed-every-day-black-fern-kelly-brazier-embracing-huge-2020}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-05-27|title=Tiny fan gives Kelly Brazier new zest for rugby|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/rugby/black-ferns/300022601/tiny-fan-gives-kelly-brazier-new-zest-for-rugby|accessdate=2021-08-02|work=Stuff|language=en}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9mrp779om0lctjefroxpzbnn6jznuod 0 58595 638171 632239 2026-05-17T08:06:07Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638171 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kaisa Pöyry''' (1818-1892), bụ onye Finland na-ahụ maka ọgwụ mkpá akwụkwọ ma a na-akpọkwa ya onye amoosu ma ọ bụ agadi nwanyị maara ihe. Ọ bi na Ristina na Savolax, ma a na-ekwu na ọ na-adọta ndị ahịa si n'akụkụ dị ukwuu nke Finland. A na-akpọkwa Ristiina “Onye na-eche Kaisa Pöyry” n'ihi aha ọma ya. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ya Katarina Wanqvist na 1818 na ugbo ịnyịnya Sairila n'akụkụ Mikkeli. Nne na nna ya bụ Martti Wanqvist na Christian-born Anna Hokkanen. Pöyry si n'ọnọdụ dị ala ma jiri akụkụ dị ukwuu nke ndụ ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka odibo na Ristina. Ọ mụtara nkà nke ịgwọ ọrịa, nke e kwenyere na ọ sitere n'aka di ya na-eme njem na Lappish. Kaisa mụrụ nwa na 1848 na nwoke a na-eme njem ma n'ihi nke ahụ banye na nsogbu iwu, ebubo nke mmekọahụ nzuzo. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi|archivedate=2025-03-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319142016/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213}}</ref> E nweghị kpọmkwem ihe ọmụma ná ndụ Pöyry banyere mgbe ọ malitere ịgba afa na ọgwụ, ma a na-ewere ihe ndị dị otú ahụ n’ógbè ahụ dị ka ihe na-enyo enyo na nke dị ize ndụ n’oge ahụ.<ref name=":0" />{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi|archivedate=2024-05-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529204144/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> Na 17 Septemba 1858, akwụkwọ akụkọ Suometar dere banyere ihe omume ebe a kpọtụrụ aha na otu onye pụtara n'etiti ụlọ ahụ, onye kwuru na ọ maara ihe niile na onye ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ gara ịgwa okwu banyere ọchịchọ ha. Na mgbakwunye na nke a, a rịọrọ ya maka enyemaka maka ihe mberede na ọrịa. Nke a dọtara uche ndị obodo ahụ ma nye iwu ka a kpọọ ya n'ụlọ ikpe nkwa ọlụlụ.Otú ọ dị, Pöyry abịaghị n’ụlọikpe n’ihi otú e si gwọọ ya, ma n’ihi na, n’otu ụbọchị dị nsọ, n’ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke chọọchị Ristina, n’etiti okwuchukwu onye ụkọchukwu, o ji kaadị buru amụma ndị nọ n’akụkụ ya. Ihe omume a mere ka a kpọta ya n'ụlọ ikpe na Oge Mgbụsị akwụkwọ na 1858. <ref name=":0" />{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi|archivedate=2024-05-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529204144/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> Pop art na mysticism gosipụtakwara usoro ọgwụgwọ Pöyry. Ọ na-eme ọgwụgwọ arcane, na-eme emume na ọgwụgwọ zoro ezo site na anya.A na-ekwu na Pöyry na-agụ ọgwụ ndị dị n'ìhè nke onye na-ese siga ma ọ bụ na kichin nke ụlọ, na-eji ha dị ka ihe atụ na njikọ rye, bọta na àkwá. Ọ bụ ezie na o ji ihe ime mmụọ dị otú ahụ eme ihe, ọ bụghị nanị ịgba ọgwụ ike n’ọrụ ịgwọ ọrịa ya. O jikwa ọgwụ ndị sitere n'okike na ụzọ ọgwụgwọ ndị mere ka obi sie ya ike na-eme ihe.<ref name=":0" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> A maara Pöyry dị ka obere nwanyị nwere ntutu isi ojii na anya ojii. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 42, ọ lụrụ Hesekiel Hiski Hermanninpoika Torniainen, nwanne nwoke onye na-anya ụgbọ ala si n'obodo Liikala na Ristiina, n'afọ 1860. O kwere omume na Hiski Torniainen nwere njikọ na Pöyry. Mgbe Torniainen nwụsịrị na 1880, Pöyry na nwa ya nwoke kwagara ma soro nwunye nwa ya nwanyị Hedda Helena Väisänen kerịta nkà ọgwụgwọ ya, onye nwekwara ike ịbụ onye ikwu Pöyry. Väisänen gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ anwansi na Ristiina.<ref name=":0" />{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi|archivedate=2024-05-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529204144/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> A na-akpọ otu okporo ámá dị na Ristina aha Kaisa Pöyry.<ref name=":0" />{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi|archivedate=2025-03-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319142016/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> Pöyry nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 73, na-arịa "ọrịa nchegbu".<ref name=":0" />{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi|archivedate=2025-03-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319142016/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250319142016/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213 "Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa"]. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> == Edensibia == <references /> r7m5ekz6tqhq8m9u29ypdj1k0grahf4 0 64858 638150 422655 2026-05-17T01:21:19Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638150 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:2017-JAL-10034.jpg|thumb|2017-JAL-10034]] '''Jennifer A. Lewis''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1964) bụ onye sayensị na injinia kacha mara amara maka nyocha ya na mgbak colloidal nke ceramics na mbiputa 3D nke ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ, nke owuwu, na nke ihe ndị dị ndụ.<ref name="seas">{{Cite web|url=http://www.seas.harvard.edu/directory/jalewis|title=Jennifer A. Lewis|author=<!--Not stated-->|work=Harvard University, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences|accessdate=10 March 2017}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, a họpụtara Lewis dị ka onye otu National Academy of Engineering maka mmepe nke ihe na usoro maka mmepụta atọ nke ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche. == Agụmakwụkwọ na mmalite ọrụ == Lewis gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere BS na Mahadum Illinois na Urbana-Champaign na nsọpụrụ dị elu na injinia ceramic na 1986 wee nweta Sc. D. na sayensị ceramic site na Massachusetts Institute of Technology na 1991 n'okpuru nduzi nke Michael J. Cima. Aha edemede ya bụ Binder Distribution Processes in Ceramic Green Tapes During Thermolysis . Site na 1990 ruo 1997 ọ bụ osote prọfesọ na Mahadum Illinois, ọ bụkwa onye mmekọ dị ka prọfesụ nyocha na Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology.<ref name="seas"/><ref name="cv">{{Cite web|url=http://www.matse.illinois.edu/downloads/facultyfiles/2011_CV_JALewis.pdf|title=Jennifer A. Lewis, Curriculum Vitae (updated September, 2011)|date=September 6, 2011|work=University of Illinois Department of Materials Science and Engineering|accessdate=10 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529063959/http://www.matse.illinois.edu/downloads/facultyfiles/2011_CV_JALewis.pdf|archivedate=29 May 2015}}</ref> == Mgbe e mesịrị Oru == A kwalitere Lewis ka ọ bụrụ osote prọfesọ n'afọ 1997 na prọfesụ n'afọ 2003. N'afọ 2002, o so dezie akwụkwọ Polymers in Particulate Systems: Properties and Applications nke o nyekwara aka na isi nke akpọrọ "Colloid-filled Polymer Gels: a Novel Approach to Ceramics Fabrication".<ref>{{Cite book|editor=Hackley|title=Polymers in Particulate Systems : Properties and Applications|series=Surfactant Science Series|language=en|location=New York|publisher=Marcel Dekker|year=2002|isbn=9780824706784|oclc=48383538}}</ref> N'afọ 2006, a họpụtara Lewis ka ọ bụrụ onye nduzi oge ma mesịa bụrụ onye nduze nke UIUC's Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory n'afọ 2007.<ref name="cv"/><ref>{{Cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=July 12, 2006|title=Talk focuses on nature's engineering|work=The Daily Camera|page=News section, A03}}</ref> N'afọ 2013 ọ kwagara Mahadum Harvard dị ka Hansjörg Wyss Prọfesọ nke Injinịa Ntụziaka na Harvard's School of Engineering and Applied Sciences . <ref name="seas"/> == Nnyocha == ụlọ nyocha Lewis na-arụ ọrụ na nchịkọta nke ihe ndị dị nro. Ọrụ a na-agụnye microfluidics, ihe ndị mejupụtara, mmiri dị mgbagwoju anya, na nzukọ robotic iji mepụta ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ. Ọ na-emepụta ihe ọhụrụ ndị nwere ike ịchọta ngwa dị ka ngwá electronic e biri ebi, waveguides, na 3D scaffolds na microvascular architectures maka cell culture na tissue engineering.<ref name="seas"/> Ọ bụ onye isi nke Wyss Institute's 3D Organ Engineering Initiative . <ref name="Boulder">{{Cite web|url=https://www.colorado.edu/biofrontiers/jennifer-lewis|title=Jennifer Lewis|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=n.d.|work=University of Colorado Boulder, BioFrontiers Institute|accessdate=November 1, 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2013, ndị otu Lewis wepụtara batrị 3D mbụ e biri ebi n'ụwa, nke e ji ink abụọ dị iche iche mee.<ref name="Orcutt">{{Cite journal|author=Orcutt|first=Mike|date=September–October 2013|title=A Hint of 3-D Printing's Promise|journal=MIT Technology Review|volume=116|issue=5}}</ref> Lewis bụ onye dere ihe karịrị akwụkwọ 160 ma nwee ikike ikike ikike iri na abụọ, gụnyere ikike ikike maka ihe ndị e mepụtara dịgasị iche iche dị ka ụzọ isi bipụta anụ ahụ mmadụ na-arụ ọrụ 3D <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-4177622551.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313042320/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-4177622551.html|archivedate=March 13, 2017|title=WIPO Publishes Patent of President and Fellows of Harvard College for "Methods of Generating Functional Human Tissue" (American Inventors)|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=September 11, 2016|publisher=US Fed News Service|accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref> na mkpụrụ ndụ microbattery. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-4185998431.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313042323/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-4185998431.html|archivedate=March 13, 2017|title=WIPO Publishes Patent of President and Fellows of Harvard College for "Method of Making an Electrode Structure and a Microbattery Cell" (American Inventors)|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=September 18, 2016|publisher=US Fed News Service|accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye guzobere Voxel8, <ref>{{Cite news|author=Hettlinger|first=Johnathan|date=October 9, 2015|title=Professors offer glimpse of the future|url=http://www.news-gazette.com/news/local/2015-10-09/professors-offer-glimpse-future.html|work=News-Gazette|accessdate=10 March 2017}}</ref> ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta usoro obibi akwụkwọ 3D nke nwere ike ibipụta ihe ọhụrụ na-arụ ọrụ, nke ndị na-etinye ego gụnyere In-Q-Tel <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://3dprintingindustry.com/2015/03/05/voxel8-electronics-3d-printer-receives-investment-from-us-intelligence-community/|title=Voxel8 Electronics 3D Printer Receives Investment from US Intelligence Community|author=Molitch-Hou|first=Michael|date=March 5, 2015|work=3D Printing Industry|accessdate=3 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150308114438/http://3dprintingindustry.com/2015/03/05/voxel8-electronics-3d-printer-receives-investment-from-us-intelligence-community/|archivedate=8 March 2015}}</ref> na Braemar Energy Ventures. <ref name="BW">{{Cite web|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20150105005107/en/Voxel8-Launches-World’s-3D-Electronics-Printer-CES|title=Voxel8 Launches World's First 3D Electronics Printer at CES; Partners with Autodesk|author=Oliver|first=Daniel|date=January 5, 2015|work=www.businesswire.com|publisher=Business Wire|accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref> Voxel8 emeela ihe nbipute eletrọniki 3D nke mbụ n'ụwa. Na Jenụwarị 2015, Lewis gwara Business Wire: "Voxel8 na-eme ihe karịrị afọ iri nke nyocha, nke dugara na 17 patent (10 nyere) na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ, printheads, na usoro ndị ọzọ maka obibi akwụkwọ 3D, site na ụlọ nyocha m.... Ọrụ anyị na-enye ntọala maka mbọ Voxel8 na-agba iji gbanwee ọtụtụ ihe obibi akwụkwọ 3R. "<ref name="BW" /> Lewis bụkwa onye guzobere Electroninks, Inc., ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ink ọlaọcha na-emeghachi omume nke a na-eji n'ahịa eletrọniki e biri ebi, yana n'ahịa biomedicinal na electronic circuit.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Dodson|first=Don|date=April 14, 2013|title=UI researcher starting silver-inks firm in C-U|url=http://www.news-gazette.com/news/business/2013-04-14/ui-researcher-starting-silver-inks-firm-c-u.html|work=News-Gazette|accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ malitere mkpọsa Kickstarter na Nọvemba 20, 2013, na ebumnuche nke ịnakọta $ 85,000 iji nyere aka na mmepụta nke mkpịsị akwụkwọ a na-akpọ Circuit Scribe nke nwere ike ịmepụta circuit eletrọniki. Mgbe naanị ụbọchị iri na ise n'ime mkpọsa ahụ gasịrị, ndị na-akwado ya kwere nkwa $ 451,698 maka ngwaahịa ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Dodson|first=Don|date=December 8, 2013|title=Ink-credible response for electronic-circuit pen|url=http://www.news-gazette.com/news/business/2013-12-08/ink-credible-response-electronic-circuit-pen.html|work=News-Gazette|accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref> Mgbe mkpọsa Kickstarter mechiri na Disemba 31, 2013, ngụkọta nke $ 674,425 nwetara maka Circuit Scribe site na ndị nkwado 12,277.<ref name="kickstarter">{{Cite web|title=Circuit Scribe: Draw Circuits Instantly|url=https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/electroninks/circuit-scribe-draw-circuits-instantly|work=www.kickstarter.com|accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref> Ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ edepụtala akwụkwọ ya ihe karịrị ugboro 67,000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=Wdny3bkAAAAJ|title=Jennifer A. Lewis|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=2025|work=Google Scholar|accessdate=March 1, 2025}}</ref> == Ihe Nrite na Nkwanye Ugwu == Lewis bụ onye otu American Academy of Arts and Sciences (ahọrọ na 2012), <ref name="aaas">{{Cite web|title=Book of Members|url=https://www.amacad.org/multimedia/pdfs/publications/bookofmembers/ChapterL.pdf|work=American Academy of Arts and Sciences|accessdate=14 May 2018}}</ref> National Academy of Engineering (ahọrọ 2017), <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nae.edu/?id=165210|title=National Academy of Engineering Elects 84 Members and 22 Foreign Members|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=February 8, 2017|publisher=National Academy of Engineering|accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref> na National Academy of Sciences (ahụrụ na 2018). <ref name="nas2018">{{Cite news|title=National Academy of Sciences Members and Foreign Associates Elected|url=http://www.nasonline.org/news-and-multimedia/news/May-1-2018-NAS-Election.html|accessdate=14 May 2018|date=May 1, 2018}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye otu American Ceramic Society, American Physical Society, Materials Research Society, na National Academy of Inventors.<ref name="fellows">{{Cite web|url=https://wyss.harvard.edu/news/two-of-harvards-wyss-institute-core-faculty-members-elected-as-fellows-of-the-national-academy-of-inventors/|title=Two of Harvard's Wyss Institute core faculty members elected as Fellows of the National Academy of Inventors|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=December 15, 2015|work=Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering|accessdate=November 1, 2020}}</ref> Ọ natara National Science Foundation Presidential Faculty Fellow Award (1994), Schlumberger Foundation Award (1995), Brunauer Award na Robert B. Sossman Award site na American Ceramic Society (2003; 2016), Materials Research Society Medal (2012), na Langmuir Lecture award site na American Chemical Society (2009). <ref name="cv"/> N’afọ 2014, magazin ''Foreign Policy'' họpụtara ya dịka otu n’ime “100 Ndị Nchepụta Uche Kasị Dị Mba N’ụwa” n’afọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=Nov–Dec 2014|title=The Innovators|journal=Foreign Policy|issue=209|pages=73–77}}</ref> N’afọ 2017, Lewis nwetara ihe nrite Lush Science n’ihi ọrụ ọ rụrụ na otu ya n’ịzụlite teknụzụ bioprinting dị iche iche, nke na-enye ohere imepụta ụdị 3D nke ahụ mmadụ, ma ọ nwere ike dochie ule anụmanụ n’ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ na nyocha..<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lushprize.org/awards/science-prize/|title=Science Prize: Previous winners|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=2018|work=lushprize.org|accessdate=November 1, 2020}}</ref> N’afọ 2018, Harvard Stem Cell Institute kpọrọ Lewis aha Prọfesọ Jianming Yu n’ụzọ nka na sayensị, iji gosi ekele maka “ọkachamara ya n’ụmụmụ ihe, nduzi, na nkuzi.” Onye isi oche nke afọ ise a ga-enyere Lewis na ndị otu ya nkwado maka nnyocha ha n’ịkwalite mmepe na ngalaba stem cell na ọgwụ mgbake. N'afọ 2019, Mahadum nke Edinburgh nyere Lewis nzere Doctorate of Science.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ed.ac.uk/student-administration/graduations/honorary/future-honorary-grads|title=Honorary Graduates in 2019|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=January 18, 2019|work=www.ed.ac.uk|publisher=The University of Edinburgh|accessdate=3 July 2019}}</ref> Na Septemba 2020, e nyere Lewis nsọpụrụ site na otu n'ime onyinye Genius atọ nke Liberty Science Center nyere na Genius Gala ha kwa afọ.<ref name="LSC">{{Cite web|url=https://www.roi-nj.com/2020/09/21/tech/tonights-virtual-genius-gala-will-feature-4-covid-challengers-as-well-as-3-genius-award-nominees/|title=Tonight's virtual Genius Gala will feature 4 'COVID Challengers' as well as 3 Genius Award nominees|author=Bergeron|first=Tom|date=September 21, 2020|work=ROI-NJ|accessdate=November 2, 2020}}</ref> Lewis bụ onye nkuzi pụrụ iche nke 2020-2021 maka Hagler Institute for Advanced Study na Mahadum Texas A&amp;amp;M . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://today.tamu.edu/2020/10/07/texas-am-hagler-institute-announces-2020-21-hagler-fellows-distinguished-lecturer/|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Texas A&M Hagler Institute Announces 2020-21 Hagler Fellows, Distinguished Lecturer|work=Texas A&M Today|date=October 7, 2020|accessdate=November 1, 2020|archivedate=November 5, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105053654/https://today.tamu.edu/2020/10/07/texas-am-hagler-institute-announces-2020-21-hagler-fellows-distinguished-lecturer/}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2025, National Academy of Sciences nyere Lewis James Prize na Science and Technology Integration, iji kwado "onyinye ya na sayensị ihe ndị dị ndụ nke nwere ngwa dị iche iche na bioprinting".<ref>{{Cite news|author=Chen|first=Xinni (Sunshine)|date=February 3, 2025|title=SEAS Professor Jennifer Lewis Awarded James Prize|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2025/2/3/seas-lewis-jamesprize-/|work=The Harvard Crimson|accessdate=March 1, 2025}}</ref> == Ebe nsi bia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] f4l63jr4phfdg8wckt5o1zfdo0t9e40 0 68021 638159 525412 2026-05-17T05:32:14Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638159 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Joseph Burtt Davy''' (7 Machị na afọ 1870 Findern, Derbyshire - 20 Ọgọst na afọ 1940 Birmingham) bụ onye Quaker botanist na agrostologist. Ọ bụrụ onye nlekọta mbụ nke oké ọhịa Herbarium (FHO) na Ụlọ Ọrụ Oke Ọhịa nke Alaeze Ukwu mgbe e guzobere ya na 1924 n'okpuru Directorship nke Prọfesọ Robert Scott Troup . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://herbaria.plants.ox.ac.uk/herbaria_pages/daubeny.html|title=Home Page – BRAHMS Online|author=Sciences|first=The BRAHMS Project, University of Oxford, Department of Plant|work=herbaria.plants.ox.ac.uk|accessdate=2017-10-27|archivedate=2016-03-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303182559/http://herbaria.plants.ox.ac.uk/herbaria_pages/daubeny.html}}</ref> Ọ guru na ụlọ akwụkwọ na Ilkley nke West Yorkshire. Na afọ 1891, ọ banyere Kew Gardens dị ka onye enyemaka teknụzụ, ọ hapụrụ obere oge ka nke ahụ gasịrị gaa United States ebe ọ debanyere aha na ngalaba botany na Mahadum California. N'ebe a, ọ gụrụ ọrụ ugbo site na 1893-96 wee were ọkwa nke onye na-ahụ maka ihe ọkụkụ na Ọdụ Nnwale Ọrụ Ugbo na California n'etiti afọ 1896-1901, na-akọwa Cyperaceae na Gramineae maka A Flora of Western Middle California nke Willis Linn Jepson. N'ebe a ka ọ zutere onye ga-abụ nwunye ya, [[Alice Burtt Davy|Alice Bolton]] (1863-1953), onye California. Davy de banyere ọrụ ọsụ ụzọ nke e bipụtara na afọ 1903, "Stock Ranges of Northwestern California: Ihe ndị e dere gbasara ahịhịa na ebe a na-eri nri na ọnọdụ ebe a na-eri nri" ebe ọ malitere njem ịchọpụta ihe fọdụrụ na ala ahịhịa mbụ dị n'akụkụ ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke steeti ahụ, ma gbaa ndị na-azụ anụ ajụjụ ọnụ iji chọpụta usoro nke iwebata ihe ndị dị iche iche na ala ahịhịhịa ahụ mere. Akụkọ ahụ gụnyere mpaghara Lake, Mendocino, Humboldt, Trinity, Del Norte, na akụkụ Siskiyou dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke California na Oregon Railroad. Mpaghara akụkọ ahụ dị n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ site na Ugwu Coast Range dị n'ime na n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ site na Oké Osimiri Pacific, ma kpuchie ọdọ mmiri niile nke osimiri Eel, Mad, Trinity, Lower Klamath, na Smith na obere iyi ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri n'ebe ugwu nke Osimiri Grualala. N'ebe ndịda, gụnyere Lake County na ókèala ndịda nke Mendocino County, si otú a na-abanye na ọdọ mmiri Clear Lake na isi mmiri nke Osimiri Russian. Na mbido afọ 1903, a weputara ya dị ka onye na-arụ ọrụ ihe ọkụkụ na onye na-amụ banyere ọrụ ugbo na Ngalaba Ọrụ Ugbo nke Transvaal nke e guzobere ọhụrụ. Burtt Davy egbughị oge n'ịmalite nchịkọta nke osisi Transvaal, usoro nke o nwetara ihe ọmụma dị nso banyere isiokwu ahụ. Ihe atụ ndị mbụ a sitere na Meintjieskop, Irene na njem gaa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ Transvaal - na oge ọ nara ezumike nká na 1913, ihe atụ ndị ọ chịkọtara dị 14,000. Nhọpụta Burtt Davy mere ka e guzobe Ngalaba Osisi. Nke a mechara bụrụ Ụlọ Ọrụ Nnyocha Osisi (BRI) wee bụrụ Ụlọ Ọrụ Nkà na Ụba Mba (NBI) na 1989 mgbe e jikọtara ya na Ubi Osisi Mba. N'agbanyeghị na afọ juru ya, ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị batara ọzọ na 2004 wee gbanwee aha ya ka ọ bụrụ Ụlọ Ọrụ Nkà na Ụba Mba Ndị Dị na South Africa (SANBI). Otu n'ime nnukwu mmasị Burtt Davy bụ isiokwu nke mmeghe osisi, okwu ọ na-etinye uche dị ukwuu na ya, na-ebubata osisi na mkpụrụ site n'akụkụ ụwa niile. Ọ bụ ya na-ahụ maka iwebata ihe ọkụkụ, teff, yana ahịhịa ahịhịhịa Kikuyu. O nyere aka guzobe ebe a na-azụ ọka na Vereeniging ma gbaa arụkwaghịm obere oge tupu mbipụta nke ọrụ ya zuru oke na ọka na 1914. Ọ kwagara n'ugbo nke ya 'Burttholm' dị nso na Vereeniging, ebe ya na Hon. Hugh Wyndham guzobere mmekọrịta, na-azụlite ma na-akụ mkpụrụ ọrụ ugbo na Ehi Hereford. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ọganihu ma Burtt Davy nwere ike ịla ezumike nká na England na 1919, laghachi Kew ma rụọ ọrụ na A Manual of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the Transvaal na Swaziland, Nkebi 1 pụtara na 1926 na Nkebi 2 na 1932. Ọ bụ nwunye ya, Alice Bolton Davy mepụtara ihe osise maka ọrụ taxonomic a bara uru. E nyere ya Ph.D. site na Cambridge na 1925 wee were ọkwa onye nkuzi na botany nke oké ọhịa na Imperial Forestry Institute na Oxford. N'ebe a ka ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na usoro Forest Trees and Timbers of the British Empire. E nyere ya D.Phil. nzere site na Mahadum na 1937. A na-echeta ya na aha ụdị ''Burttdavya'' na ọtụtụ aha pụrụ iche gụnyere ''[[Aloe davyana]]'', ''[[Acacia davyi]]'', ''[[Hibiscus burtt-davyi]]'' na Ficus burtt-devyi. E guzobere bench nkume na Shotover Country Park obere oge ka ọ nwụsịrị iji cheta ya.<ref>{{Cite news|date=12 February 1941|title=A SCIENTIST'S BEQUESTS|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000273/19410212/147/0005|work=Yorkshire Evening Post}}</ref> A na-egosi onye ọkà mmụta ihe ọkụkụ a site na mkpirisi nke onye edemede '''<span class="vcard"><span class="fn n"><span class="nickname">Burtt Davy</span></span></span>''' mgbe ọ na-ezo aka na aha ihe ọkụkụ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Brummitt|first=R. K.|title=Authors of Plant Names|publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]|year=1992|isbn=1-84246-085-4}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ == * Stock Ranges of Northwestern California: Ihe edeturu na ahịhịa na ahịhi na ọnọdụ ahịhịhịa - Joseph Burtt Davy, 1903. * Aha obodo na nke osisi nke ụfọdụ osisi South Africa - Burtt Davy, ''Transvaal Agricultural Journal'', Eprel 1904 * ''Ferns nke Transvaal'' - Burtt Davy & V. G. Crawley, Report of the SA Association for the Advancement of Science, 1909 * Ndepụta mbụ nke osisi na-agbasa okooko osisi na Ferns nke Transvaal na Swaziland - Burtt Davy & Mrs R. Leendertz Pott, Annals of the Tvl. ''Ebe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie'', 1912 * Mkpụrụ ọka: Akụkọ ihe mere eme, Ịkọ, Nchịkwa na Ojiji ya na Ntuziaka Pụrụ Iche na South Africa - Burtt Davy, London, 1914 * Akwụkwọ ntuziaka nke osisi ndị na-agbasa okooko osisi na Ferns nke Transvaal na Swaziland - Burtt Davy: Longmans, Green &amp;amp; Co., 1932 == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Works by or about Joseph Burtt DavynaEbe Ndebe Ihe Ochie n'Intanet {{Authority control}} [[Otú:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1870]] oawnmbw2ld8flskgcdni4ly2h15d9t7 0 73229 638088 596989 2026-05-16T12:46:41Z Chinemeremprince 13026 638088 wikitext text/x-wiki   "'''Big FU'''" " bụ egwu nke onye French DJ David Guetta, onye na-abụ abụ Naịjirịa bụ [[Ayra Starr]] na onye rap Amerịka bụ Lil Durk. and American rapper Lil Durk.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://djmag.com/news/david-guetta-shares-new-single-big-fu-ayra-starr-lil-durk-listen/|title=David Guetta shares new single, 'Big FU', with Ayra Starr & Lil Durk: Listen|work=[[DJ Mag]]|author=Krol|first=Charlotte|date=30 October 2023|accessdate=10 February 2024}}</ref> Ọ ruru ebe nke iri abụọ na atọ na Billboard U.S. Afrobeats Songs[1] na nke iri na asatọ na chaatị Top 40 nke New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aotearoamusiccharts.co.nz/archive/hot-singles/2023-11-03|title=David Guetta dévoile un nouveau morceau "Big FU"|work=[[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ Top 40]]|accessdate=10 February 2024}}</ref> == Mmalite na ntọhapụ == A tọhapụrụ ụlọ ahụ, funk na Afro-Bato na-emetụta otu "Big FU" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.radioespace.com/news/musique/214242/david-guetta-devoile-un-nouveau-morceau-big-fu/|title=David Guetta dévoile un nouveau morceau "Big FU"|work=[[Radio Espace]]|date=27 October 2023|accessdate=10 February 2024}}</ref> ewepụtara ya na 27 Ọktoba 2023. David Guetta na Johnny Goldstein mepụtara ya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.notjustok.com/songs/ayra-starr-david-guetta-lil-durk-big-fu/|title=Ayra Starr joins David Guetta and Lil Durk for new single 'Big FU'|work=[[NotJustOk]]|author=Okhide|first=Peter|date=27 October 2023|accessdate=10 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2023/10/27/david-guetta-continues-legendary-streak-with-new-single-big-fu-featuring-ayra-starr-lil-durk/|title=David Guetta Continues Legendary Streak with New Single ' Big Fu' Featuring Ayra Starr & Lil Durk|date=27 October 2023|accessdate=10 February 2024|work=[[This Day]]}}</ref> Okwu ahụ bụ "Big FU" na-anọchite anya mkpịsị aka etiti. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/10/david-guetta-out-with-new-single-big-fu/|title=David Guetta out with new single 'Big Fu'|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|author=Okhide|first=Peter|date=27 October 2023|accessdate=10 February 2024}}</ref> E wepụtara vidiyo egwu ahụ na 29 Nọvemba 2023. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwmusic/article/Video-David-Guetta-Shares-Video-for-New-Single-Big-FU-With-Ayra-Starr-Lil-Durk-20231130/|title=Video: David Guetta Shares Video for New Single 'Big FU' With Ayra Starr & Lil Durk|work=[[BroadwayWorld]]|author=Major|first=Michael|date=30 November 2023|accessdate=10 February 2024}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} gs9ccoy9fguyrm3bnry1qjqu2li1rgl 0 73233 638107 597000 2026-05-16T18:16:27Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638107 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Imelda Icheji Lawrence Udoh''' (amụrụ n'April 24, 1960) bụ Prọfesọ nke Linguistics na Asụsụ Naijiria nke Faculty of Arts, Mahadum Uyo, Naijiria . <ref name="imelda" /> <ref name="imelda9" /> Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke Linguistic Association of Nigeria (LAN). <ref name="imelda3" /> Ọ bụkwa onye otu ndụ na Fellow nke Nigerian Academy of Letters . <ref name="imelda" /> <ref name="imelda2" /> <ref name="imelda4" /> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigerian Academy Of Letters Inducts 13 New Members {{!}} Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/nigerian-academy-of-letters-inducts-13-new-members/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=[[Independent Nigeria]]|date=18 August 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Akoni|first=Olasunkanmi|date=January 2021|title=Ilesanmi, Abayomi, 6 others become fellows of Nigerian Academy of Letters|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)]]|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/01/ilesanmi-abayomi-6-others-become-fellows-of-nigerian-academy-of-letters/|accessdate=November 12, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2021-08-15|title=Academy of Letters honours UI's Ag VC|url=https://guardian.ng/news/academy-of-letters-honours-uis-ag-vc/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=FULokoja|title=.:: Nigerian Academy of Letters Admits FUL VC, Prof. Akinwumi as NAL Fellow; M.S. Audu, Ibileye as New Members {{!}} Federal University Lokoja|url=https://www.fulokoja.edu.ng/news-page.php?i=434&a=breaking-nigerian-academy-of-letters-admits-ful-vc-prof-akinwumi-as-nal-fellow-ms-audu-ibileye-as-new-members|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=www.fulokoja.edu.ng|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na DAAD ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka Onye isi nke Ngalaba Linguistics na Asụsụ Naijiria site na 2010 ruo 2014, dị ka osote Dean nke Faculty of Arts site na 2010 gaa 2013, na osote onye nduzi, School of Continuing Education (2015-2016) nke Mahadum ahụ. <ref name="imelda" /> <ref name="imelda2" /> N'ime nnyocha ya, o kwuru na "asụsụ obodo Naịjirịa yiri ka ha na-anwụ n'ebe ụfọdụ, mana ha ka na-eto nke ọma n'ebe ndị ọzọ".<ref>{{Cite news|author=The Nation|date=February 14, 2014|title=Don makes case for indigenous languages|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)]]|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/don-makes-case-for-indigenous-languages/|accessdate=November 12, 2023}}</ref> Udoh kwadoro maka nchebe nke asụsụ ụmụ amaala ndị a mgbe ọ na-enye 81st Inaugural Lecture nke Mahadum Uyo.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Odey|first=Patrick|date=2021-06-28|title=Don advocates protection of Nigeria's indigenous languages|url=https://punchng.com/don-advocates-protection-of-nigerias-indigenous-languages/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Udoh bụkwa onye otu Council of the West African Linguistic Society. A haziri festschrift iji sọpụrụ ya na 2019.<ref name="imelda6" /> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Imelda Udoh na Eprel 24, 1960 na Adadama na [[Abi, Cross River|Abi]] Local Government Area nke Cross River State . <ref name="imelda4"/> Ọ gara St Bernard's Primary School, Adadama, Convent School, [[Ogoja]] na Convent School. N'afọ 1973, ọ gara Annunciation Girls" Juniorate, Ogoja ruo afọ anọ, wee nweta asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ West African na [[Ogidi, Anambra|Ogidi]] Girls" Secondary School, Ogidi na Anambra State. Ọ gara Mahadum Calabar ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ na asụsụ (1983); nzere masta na asụsụ (1986); na nzere doctor nke nkà ihe ọmụma (1998). Udoh nwetakwara asambodo na English Phonetics site na Mahadum College, London, n'otu afọ ahụ.<ref name="imelda"/><ref name="imelda2"/><ref name="imelda4" /> O nwekwara asambodo na DIES/DAAD International Deans’ Course on Higher Education Management (Osnabrück University, Germany, 2012); Asambodo na Akwụkwọ Asụsụ (Mahadum Texas na Arlington, USA, 2014); na Asambodo na Global Academy in Teaching Excellence (Mahadum Wright State, Ohio, USA, 2015) <ref name="imelda4" /> == Ọrụ == E were Imelda Udoh n'ọrụ dịka osote onye nkuzi na Mahadum Cross River State n'afọ 1986. O mechara gaa Mahadum Calabar n'afọ 1987. Ọ laghachiri na Mahadum Uyo n'afọ 1989 wee ruo n'ọkwa prọfesọ nke asụsụ na asụsụ Naịjirịa n'afọ 2007. <ref name="imelda4"/> Ọ bụ onye ọbịa na-eme nnyocha na School of Oriental and African Studies, London, na 1996; ọkammụta nyocha na University College, London na 1999 na ọkammụta nleta postdoctoral na Mahadum California, Berkeley site na 2001 ruo 2002. Ọ bụ onye nkuzi na Institute of Collaborative Language Research (CoLang) na 2016 na Mahadum Alaska, Fairbanks, ebe o nyere usoro mmụta nke akpọrọ, "Akwụkwọ nke Orature".<ref>{{Cite web|author=Udoh|first=Imelda Icheji Lawrence|date=2016|title=Documentation of Orature|url=https://scholarworks.alaska.edu/bitstream/handle/11122/9646/Orature_Syllabus_3.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|work=www.scholarworks.alaska.edu|accessdate=2026-03-09|archivedate=2024-03-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331045532/https://scholarworks.alaska.edu/bitstream/handle/11122/9646/Orature_Syllabus_3.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye nkuzi nleta na Mahadum Calabar site na 2007 ruo 2008 na 2016 ruo 2017.<ref name="imelda2"/> O kwuru okwu mmeghe nke 81 nke Mahadum Uyo nke akpọrọ, "Asụsụ ndị Naijiria dị ka Bricks For Building A National Identity". <ref>{{Cite web|title=81st Inaugural Lecture: Imelda Icheji Lawerence Udoh, Professor of Linguistics And Nigeria Languages – University Of Uyo|url=https://uniuyo.edu.ng/notice/81st-inaugural-lecture-imelda-icheji-lawerence-udoh-professor-of-linguistics-and-nigeria-languages-faculty-of-arts/|accessdate=2023-11-12|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-27|title=Don seeks for protection of indigenous languages in Nigeria|url=https://daybreak.ng/don-seeks-for-protection-of-indigenous-languages-in-nigeria/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=Daybreak, Politics, Entertainment, Sport|language=en-US}}</ref> == Mmekọrịta na ndị otu == Udoh bụ onye otu na onye isi oche nke Linguistic Association of Nigeria site na 2021.<ref name="imelda3">{{Cite web|title=The Leadership – Linguistic Association of Nigeria|url=https://lan.org.ng/the-leadership/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=lan.org.ng}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://lan.org.ng/the-leadership/ "The Leadership – Linguistic Association of Nigeria"]. ''lan.org.ng''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke Association site na 2004 ruo 2008, na osote onye isi oche nke Association site n'afọ 2016 ruo 2021. Ọ bụ onye otu ndụ na onye otu Nigerian Academy of Letters.<ref name="imelda"/><ref name="imelda2">{{Cite web|title=Imelda Icheji Lawrence Udoh|url=https://nalonline.org.ng/imelda-icheji-lawrence-udoh/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=Nigerian Academy of Letters|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://nalonline.org.ng/imelda-icheji-lawrence-udoh/ "Imelda Icheji Lawrence Udoh"]. ''Nigerian Academy of Letters''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-12</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref name="imelda4">{{Cite web|title=3.ImeldaUdoh_CV_2020.. - Imelda Udoh.pdf|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/15bAeWpvwuYvB5HniZBJfNjxXcL2BXn_D/view?usp=embed_facebook|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=Google Docs}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://drive.google.com/file/d/15bAeWpvwuYvB5HniZBJfNjxXcL2BXn_D/view?usp=embed_facebook "3.ImeldaUdoh_CV_2020.. - Imelda Udoh.pdf"]. ''Google Docs''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> na onye otu Council of the West African Linguistic Society (WALS); Reading Association of Nigeria (RAN), na Nigerian Language Teachers' Association (ANLAT). Ọ bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na DAAD; na onye otu ndụ, yana Fellow nke Nigerian Academy of Letters (FNAL). <ref name="imelda5" /> == Enyemaka nyocha == Site n'ọtụtụ ọrụ, gụnyere Nigerian Languages Project (NLP), Lower Cross Languages Project, Abidjan-Bielefeld-Uyo Introduction to Language Documentation (ABUILD) Project, Michigan State University kwadoro Electronic Metastructure for Endangered Language Data (E-MELD) wdg, Udoh emeela nnyocha dị ukwuu na nkọwa na asụsụ akwụkwọ gbasara asụsụ nke Upper na Lower Cross River nke a na-asụ na Akwa Ibom na Cross States nke Nigeria.<ref name="imelda5">{{Cite web|title=Indigenous Hands and Voices of African Identity – International Conference|url=https://www.s-deli.org/indigenous-hands-and-voices-of-african-identity/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=S-DELI|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.s-deli.org/indigenous-hands-and-voices-of-african-identity/ "Indigenous Hands and Voices of African Identity – International Conference"]. ''S-DELI''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-12</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref name="imelda6">{{Cite web|title=CFP|url=https://easychair.org/cfp/festschriftforprofimeldaudoh60|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=easychair.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://easychair.org/cfp/festschriftforprofimeldaudoh60 "CFP"]. ''easychair.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọrụ ya n'asụsụ dị iche iche dị ka Leggbó, Anaañ, Iko, Nkari, Ibibio, na Uda emeela ka e bipụta ọtụtụ akwụkwọ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Hyman|first=Larry|date=2002-08-14|title=Leggbo Verb Inflection: A Semantic and Phonological Particle Analysis|url=https://journals.linguisticsociety.org/proceedings/index.php/BLS/article/view/3854|journal=Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society|volume=28|language=en|pages=399–410|doi=10.3765/bls.v28i1.3854|issn=2377-1666}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Udoh|first=Imelda Icheji Lawrence|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369281167|title=The Languages of the Niger Delta Regions of Nigeria|publisher=Concept Publications Limited|year=2008|isbn=9789788406617|location=Lagos|pages=1–172|language=English}}</ref> Ọ na-ekwu maka asụsụ Upper Cross nke Cross-River State na asụsụ ndị pere mpe nke Naịjirịa, ọkachasị Leggbó . <ref name="imelda5" /> Otu n'ime akwụkwọ ndị o dezigharịrị na-akọwa asụsụ ndị dị na mpaghara ndịda nke Naịjirịa, gụnyere asụsụ ndị a na-asụ na Eleme, Rivers na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Mmasị nyocha ya ugbu a bụ na eserese asụsụ nke Naijiria site na iji teknụzụ Geographic Information Systems (GIS), nke ebumnuche ya bụ ịhazi na itinye n'ọrụ akụrụngwa mara ebe nke nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ n'oge, maka nkà mmụta asụsụ ka mma, na nlele anya nke ọnọdụ ndụ nke asụsụ. <ref name="imelda7" /> == Nhọpụta nchịkwa == Udoh served as Head of Department of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages, University of Uyo from 2010 to 2014, Vice Dean of the Faculty of Arts from 2010 to 2013 and Deputy Director, School of Continuing Education from 2015 to 2016 of the same University.<ref name="imelda">{{Cite web|author=National Universities Commission|date=2021|title=Directory of Full Professors in the Nigerian University System|url=https://education.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/2021-Directory-of-Full-Professors-in-the-Nigerian-University-System-FINAL.pdf|accessdate=November 12, 2023|work=education.gov.ng}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNational_Universities_Commission2021">National Universities Commission (2021). [https://education.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/2021-Directory-of-Full-Professors-in-the-Nigerian-University-System-FINAL.pdf "Directory of Full Professors in the Nigerian University System"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''education.gov.ng''. p.&nbsp;183<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="imelda2"/><ref name="imelda4"/> Ọ rụọla ọrụ dịka onyeisi oche n'ọtụtụ mmemme nzere nke National Universities Commission, ọ rụkwara ọrụ dịka onye otu Governing Council nke Mahadum Uyo, site na 2015 ruo 2017, tinyekwara onye ọsụ ụzọ na Governing Council nke Mahadum Ritman, Ikot Ekpene, Akwa Ibom State, site na 2015 ruo 2019.<ref name="imelda" /><ref name="imelda2" /><ref name="imelda4" /> == Editorial nke akwụkwọ akụkọ agụmakwụkwọ == Udoh nwere isiokwu ndị ọgbọ nyochara maka mbipụta n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ mpaghara, mba, na mba ụwa nke ọ na-eje ozi na bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ. Site na 2005 ruo 2019, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke USEM Journal of Languages, Linguistics, and Literature. Na mgbakwunye, ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ ọbịa maka Journal of the Linguistic Association of Nigeria (JOLAN) na onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke Journal of Nigerian Languages Project (JNLP). <ref name="imelda3"/><ref name="imelda4"/> == Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ == # Udoh, Imelda Icheji Lawrence (2016). "Globalization and the Preservation of Nigerian Languages", na Ozo-mekuri Ndimele (Ed.) Convergence: English and Nigerian Language: A Festschrift for Munzali A. Jibril. Naịjirịa: M & J Grand Orbit Communications. peeji nke 173-182.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvh8r1h7|title=Convergence: English and Nigerian Languages: A Festschrift for Munzali A. Jibril|date=2016|publisher=M & J Grand Orbit Communications|doi=10.2307/j.ctvh8r1h7|isbn=978-978-54127-0-3}}</ref>&nbsp; # Udoh, I.I.L., Anyanwu, O. N., na Ndimele, O, (2014). ''Okwu ndị dị oke egwu na ọmụmụ nke asụsụ, asụsụ na akwụkwọ na Naijiria: Festschrift maka Conrad Max Benedict Brann. '' Muenchen: LINCOM Europe.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/10476984|title=Critical issues in the study of linguistics, languages & literatures in Nigeria: a Festschrift for Conrad Max Benedict Brann|date=2014|publisher=LINCOM Europa|isbn=978-3-86288-459-9|editor=Ndimele|series=LINCOM studies in African linguistics|location=Muenchen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/10468792|title=Critical issues in the study of linguistics, languages & literatures in Nigeria: a festschrift for Conrad Max Benedict Brann|date=2008|publisher=M & J Grand Orbit Communications Ltd. : Emhai Press|editor=Ndimele|series=Festschrift series|location=Port Harcourt}}</ref> # Ekpenyong, M. E. na Udoh, I.I.L. (2022). ''Nsogbu ndị dị ugbu a na Nkọwa Asụsụ na Digital Humanities: A Festschrift in Honor of Professor Eno-Abasi Essien Urua.'' Singapore: Springer. <ref name="imelda7">{{Cite book|title=Current Issues in Descriptive Linguistics and Digital Humanities|url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-19-2932-8#bibliographic-information|date=2022|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-981-19-2932-8|isbn=978-981-19-2931-1|editor=Ekpenyong}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFEkpenyongUdoh2022">Ekpenyong, Moses Effiong; Udoh, Imelda Icheji, eds. (2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-19-2932-8#bibliographic-information ''Current Issues in Descriptive Linguistics and Digital Humanities'']</span>. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/978-981-19-2932-8|10.1007/978-981-19-2932-8]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-981-19-2931-1|<bdi>978-981-19-2931-1</bdi>]].</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/14740848|title=Current issues in descriptive linguistics and digital humanities: a festschrift in honor of Professor Eno-Abasi Essien Urua|date=2023|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-981-19-2932-8|editor=Ekpenyong|location=Singapore}}</ref> # Udoh, I. I. L. (2019). ''Asụsụ ndịda Naịjirịa: profaịlụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. '' Uyo, Nigeria: Fruities' Publications Ltd. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Udoh|first=Imelda Icheji Lawrence|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/14869393|title=The languages of Southern Nigeria: a geopolitical profile|date=2019|publisher=Fruities' Publications Ltd|isbn=978-978-978-793-7|series=Languages of Nigeria|location=Uyo, Nigeria|oclc=on1407121597}}</ref> # Udoh, I. I. L. (2003). ''Asụsụ nke mpaghara ndịda-ndịda nke Naịjirịa: profaịlụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. '' Lagos: Concept Publications.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/6304414|title=The languages of the South-South zone of Nigeria: a geo-political profile|date=2003|publisher=Concept Publications|isbn=978-978-8065-27-2|editor=Udoh|location=Lagos}}</ref> # [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Nhazi aha na Leggbo" na Paul Newman & Larry M. Hyman (ed.) ''West African Linguistics: Akwụkwọ na nsọpụrụ nke Russell G. Schuh ''. Columbus, Ohio: Nke Ngalaba Linguistics na Center for African Studies, Ohio State University bipụtara. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/6485722|title=West African linguistics: papers in honor of Russell G. Schuh|date=2006|publisher=Published by the Department of Linguistics and the Center for African Studies, Ohio State University|editor=Newman|series=Studies in African linguistics. Supplement|location=Columbus, Ohio}}</ref> # Njem, U. & Udoh, I. (2023). Baptism of Indigenous Languages into an Ideology: A Decolonial Critique of Missionary Linguistics in South-Eastern Nigeria. ''Southernizing Sociolinguistics: Colonialism, Racism, na Patriarchy na Asụsụ na Global South.'' [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] NY & London: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. <ref name="imelda9">{{Cite web|title=ORCID|url=https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-3015|accessdate=2023-11-13|work=orcid.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-3015 "ORCID"]. ''orcid.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> # Udoh, I., Ekpenyong, M., Urua, E.-A. , Adeniyi, H., Obiamalu, G., Yusuff, A., Anyanwu, O., & Obikudo, E. (2022). Ụzọ ọhụrụ maka ịkọwapụta gburugburu ebe obibi asụsụ na ihe ize ndụ na Naijiria: - gaa na ngwọta geospatial. Journal of the Digital Humanities Association of Southern Africa, ''3'' (03). <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Udoh|first=Imelda|date=2021|title=A novel method for redefining language ecology and endangerment in Nigeria : – towards a geospatial solution|url=https://upjournals.up.ac.za/index.php/dhasa/article/view/3817|journal=Journal of the Digital Humanities Association of Southern Africa|language=en|volume=3|issue=03|doi=10.55492/dhasa.v3i03.3817}}</ref> # Udoh, I. I. L. (2018). "Compounding in Leggbó" Na Eugene Buckley, Thera M. Crane na Jeff Good (ed.) Nkwupụta nhazi: akwụkwọ iji sọpụrụ Larry M. Hyman. Stanford, California:: CSLI Publications.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/14217831|title=Revealing structure: papers in honor of Larry M. Hyman|date=2018|publisher=CSLI Publications|isbn=978-1-68400-030-2|editor=Buckley|series=CSLI lecture notes|location=Stanford, California}}</ref> # Udoh, I. I. L. (2007). "Ịgbasa asụsụ zuru ụwa ọnụ na mmetụta ya na akwụkwọ asụsụ na Naịjirịa" na Etuk Nssien Etuk, Inyang Mbong Udofot, Alice Effiong Udosen (ed.) Mmụta na Naịjarịa na narị afọ nke 21: lekwasị anya na mkpa: festschrift na nsọpụrụ nke Prọfesọ Mbong A. Udofot (MNAE). Uyo, Nigeria: Abaam Publishing Co.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/9730586|title=Education in Nigeria in the 21st century: focus and imperatives: a festschrift in honour of Professor Mbong A. Udofot (MNAE)|date=2007|publisher=Abaam Publishing Co|isbn=978-978-60100-9-0|editor=Udofot|location=Uyo, Nigeria}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] do3ztg2358tzwvhv5vyl3y08o75xpae 0 73500 638167 597455 2026-05-17T06:50:41Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638167 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Jules_Destrée_-_député_de_Charleroi_-_souvenir_de_la_manifestation_du_5_octobre_1913_-_carte_postale_tronquée_-_02.jpg|thumb|Jules Destrée na 1913.]] '''Jules Destrée''' (; Marcinelle, 21 Ọgọst 1863 - Brussels, 3 Jenụwarị 1936) bụ onye ọkaiwu Walloon, onye nkatọ ọdịbendị na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Delforge|first=Paul|title=La lettre au Roi de Jules Destrée|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mwn6YdSbutw&t=1m13s|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241206204046/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mwn6YdSbutw&t=1m13s|archivedate=6 December 2024|work=YouTube|date=4 July 2014|publisher=Institut Destrée|accessdate=26 November 2018}}</ref> Ule ndị sochiri ọgbaghara nke 1886 kpebiri mkpebi ya n'ime òtù Belgian Labour Party. O dere 'akwụkwọ ozi degara Eze' na 1912, nke a na-ahụ dị ka nkwupụta ntọala nke òtù Walloon. A maara ya nke ọma maka okwu ya ọ na-ekwukarị "Il n'y a pas de Belges" (''Enweghị [[Belgium|Ndị Belgium]]''), na-arụ aka n'enweghị mmetụta Ịhụ mba n'anya na ndị Flemings na ndị Walloons, ka ọ na-arịọ maka ụdị steeti gọọmentị etiti. == Akụkọ ndụ == Nna ya bụ onye injinia na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkal dị na Marcinelle na Couillet ma mesịa ghọọ prọfesọ. Jules n'onwe ya bụ nwa akwụkwọ maara akwụkwọ nke ọma, na-enweta nzere PhD ya na Iwu site na Mahadum Libre de Bruxelles mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ. Nwanne ya nwoke nke obere, Olivier Georges, ghọrọ onye mọnk, nke mbụ na Maredsous Abbey, mgbe e mesịrị na Keizersberg Abbey na Leuven, n'okpuru aha Bruno Destrée. E wezụga ọrụ ikpe ya, ọ nọ na-amasị ya ịkwụgharị n'etiti ndị na-ese ihe na ndị na-ede akwụkwọ ọgụgụ n'oge ya. N'ebe ahụ, ọ zutere onye na-ese ihe nkanye Auguste Danse, onye ọ lụrụ nwa ya nwanyị Marie, nwa nwanne Constantin Meunier, na 1889. N'afọ 1892, ya na [[Paul Pastur]] guzobere Democratic Federation. Ọ malitere ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ Socialist Parti Ouvrier Belge (POB), a họpụtakwara ya dị ka onye òtù Belgian Chamber of People's Representatives na 1894, ebe ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ. O dere ma bipụta ọtụtụ mbiputa dịgasị iche iche; uri, ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya gasị, na ihe ọmụmụ na ndị na-ese ihe (dịka Odilon Redon na Rogier van der Weyden). N'afọ 1911, n'oge ngosi nkà oge ochie nke ndị Hainaut, Jules Destrée ghọtara na Wallonia nwere ọtụtụ njirimara bụ kpọmkwem nke ha. Site n'oge ahụ gaa n'ihu, o kwupụtara arịrịọ ya maka Wallonia na-achị onwe ya. N'ọnwa Nọvemba, o kwuru okwu n'ihu nzukọ ndị ọka iwu na-eto eto nke Brussels (Jeune Barreau de Bruxelles). N'oge nnọkọ a, o mere mkpesa maka mkpapụ n'akụkụ n'ihe gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ndị Walloon, na-ekwu, "Anyị bụ ndị e meriri, ndị e meriri ma na-achịkwa anyị megide echiche anyị.   Jules Destrée degaara Eze Belgium Albert I akwụkwọ ozi ya na 1912. E bipụtara akwụkwọ ozi ahụ na Revue de Belgique (15 Ọgọst 1912) yana na Journal de Charleroi (24 Ọgọst 1912). Akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị kachasị ukwuu, gụnyere la ''Gazette de Charleroi'', l'''Express'' na la Meuse, bipụtara akwụkwọ ozi ahụ mgbe e mesịrị. Na, na mba ndị ọzọ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, The New York Times bipụtara isiokwu dị mkpirikpi banyere akwụkwọ ozi a.<ref name="nytJulesDestree">{{Cite web|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1912/09/08/100375417.pdf|title=Belgium may separate|work=[[New York Times]]|date=1912-08-09|accessdate=2008-06-11}}</ref> [[Faịlụ:Sebastião_de_Magalhães_Lima,_Jules_Destrée,_Giuseppe_Leti,_Mario_di_Ferro,_la_Bacaloglu,_Orsetta_Orsatti.jpg|thumb|[[Sebastião de Magalhães Lima]] (1) na Destrée (2), na Julaị 1916, na mmalite na Ịtali nke Latin Gens society. Onye edemede Romania Elena Bacaloglu, onye guzobere Latina Gens, nọ n'azụ, e nyere ákàrà nke ise.]] Mgbe [[Jémanị|Germany]] wakporo Belgium na 1914, Jules Destrée gbafuru gaa mba ọzọ na [[France]] na arịrịọ nke gọọmentị Belgium, na-arịọ maka okwu gbasara Belgium na [[London]], Paris na Rom. Ọ gakwara ọrụ nnọchiteanya, na Saint Petersburg yana na [[China]] na 1918. Site na 1919 ruo 1921, ọ bụ Minista nke nkà na sayensị. O guzobere "Fonds des mieux doués", ego maka agụmakwụkwọ nke ụmụaka ụbụrụ na-ahọ nkọ sitere n'ezinụlọ dara ogbenye. N'afọ 1920, ọ malitere "Académie de Langue et de Littérature françaises de Belgique", ''Academy of French Language and Literature of Belgium''. [[Faịlụ:League_of_Nations_Commission_067.tif|thumb|Destrée (nke abụọ site n'aka nri) na nnọkọ nke Kọmitii Mba Nile na Nkwado ọgụgụ isi.]] Ruo ọnwụ ya, ọ ga-anọgide na-arụ ọrụ iji melite ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Wallonia. N'afọ 1923, ọ hapụrụ "Assemblée wallonne" (Ọgbakọ Wallonia), nke o guzobere na 1912, n'ihi na o leghaara ndị ọrụ Walloon anya. Na 1929, ya na Camille Huysmans bịanyere aka na "Compromis des Belges" (Compromise of the Belgians). Akwụkwọ a kpebiri megide nkewa, nabata nnwere onwe ọdịbendị nke Flanders na Wallonia, ma tụọ aro nnwere onwe ka ukwuu maka Obodo nta na mpaghara gasị. Ọ hụrụ n'ọdịniihu Flanders na-asụ asụsụ abụọ na Wallonia na-asụ otu asụsụ (nke a bụ tupu Brabant ekewaa na tupu emepụta mpaghara Brussels-Capital dị ka mpaghara dị iche). N'ihi itinye aka ya na Kọmitii Njikọ Mba na Nkwado ọgụgụ isi (n'etiti 1022 na 1932), <ref>{{Cite book|author=Grandjean|first=Martin|date=2018|title=Les réseaux de la coopération intellectuelle. La Société des Nations comme actrice des échanges scientifiques et culturels dans l'entre-deux-guerres|url=https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01853903/document|language=fr|location=Lausanne|publisher=Université de Lausanne}}</ref> A họpụtara Destrée ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke International Office of Museums (IOM), otu ngalaba nke International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation (IIIC), nke Euripides Foundoukidis bụ odeakwụkwọ. N'afọ 1938, e guzobere Institut Jules Destrée iji kwalite mmepe mpaghara nke Wallonia. Site na ihe nketa ya, e guzobere ebe ngosi ǹkà n'elu ụlọ nzukọ obodo Charleroi (Musée Jules Destrée), nke meghere na 1988. == Echiche == Dị ka Destrée si kwuo, Belgium nwere ngalaba abụọ dị iche iche, Flanders na Wallonia, ya mere na mmetụta nke Ịhụ mba n'anya nke Belgium agaghị ekwe omume, nke egosipụtara n'ọrụ ya nke 1906 "Une idée qui meurt: la patrie" (Echiche nke na-anwụ anwụ: ala nna ya). Na "Revue de Belgique" nke 15 Ọgọst 1912, ọ kọwara nke a na "Lettre au roi sur la séparation de la Wallonie et de la Flandre" (''Akwụkwọ ozi e degaara eze banyere nkewa nke Wallonia na Flanders''), ebe o dere: Il y a en Belgique des Wallons et des Flamands. Il n'y a pas de Belges. ''Na Belgium, e nwere ndị [[Walloon]] na ndị [[Flemish people|Fleming]]. E nweghị ndị [[Belgium]].''}} [[Faịlụ:Charleroi_-_Darville_-_monument_à_Jules_Destrée_-_2016-07-16_-_01.jpg|thumb|Ihe Ncheta nke Jules Destrée na Charleroi]] Eze kwetara na nzuzo n'echiche Destrée mana ọ bụghị na aro ọ tụtara maka ụdị Home Rule ma degara onye ndụmọdụ ya akwụkwọ ozi: ''Agụrụ m akwụkwọ ozi Destrée, nke, n'enweghị obi abụọ, bụ ụdị akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nwere nnukwu nkà. '' Ihe niile o kwuru bụ eziokwu, mana ọ bụghị ihe na-adịchaghị mma na nkewa nchịkwa ga-abụ ihe ọjọọ nwere ọtụtụ ọghọm na ihe ize ndụ karịa akụkụ ọ bụla nke ọnọdụ dị ugbu a. N'adịghị ka ihe aha akwụkwọ ozi ya nwere ike ịpụta, ọ rịọrọ ọ bụghị maka nkewa nke Belgium kama maka ụdị steeti gọọmentị etiti tupu okwu dị otú ahụ adị. Une Belgique faite de l'union de deux peuples indépendants et libres, accordés précisément à cause de cette indépendance réciproque, ne serait-elle pas un État infiniment plus robuste qu'une Belgique dont la moitié se croirait opprimée par l'autre moitié? ''Belgium nke e ji njikọ nke mmadụ abụọ nwere onwe ha na ndị nọọrọ onwe ha mee, nke e mere kpọmkwem n'ihi nnwere onwe a, ọ bụ na ọ gaghị abụ mba na-eme ọfụma karịa Belgium nke otu ọkara ga-ewere onwe ya dị ka onye ọkara nke ọzọ na-emegbu?'' Isi ihe kpatara ya bụ ịtụ egwu na Flanders, ebe ọ bụ na mmadụ ka jupụta na ya, ga-achịkwa otu Belgium. Mgbe e mesịrị, Gaston Eyskens gbanwere okwu ya, na-ekwu "Sire, il n'y a plus de Belges" (''Sire, ọ dịghịzi ndị Belgium ọzọ)'', mgbe a zọchara nzọụkwụ mbụ iji gbanwee Belgium ka ọ bụrụ steeti gọọmentị etiti. == Hụkwa == * Institut Jules-Destrée [fr] == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} * The Jules Destrée Museum, E nwetara na 13 Ọktoba 2006. == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070622172000/http://www.destree.org/ Ụlọ Akwụkwọ ''Jules-Destrée''] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060523144845/http://academiedelitterature.be/academie-membre-destree.php R. V. N., ihe osise Jules Destrée (2006)] * [http://www.wallonie-en-ligne.net/wallonie-publications/1995_Destatte_Philippe_Jules-Destree_Antisemitisme-et-Belgique.htm Banyere mmegide ụgha nke Jules Destree] {{Authority control}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] edil8vyuwy2zqbue6bkw1l3zvhoe2m3 0 73728 638175 597979 2026-05-17T09:20:39Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638175 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Karnataka Arebhashe Samskruthi mathu Sahitya Academy bụ otu nzukọ dị n'okpuru Gọọmentị Karnataka maka ịkwalite akwụkwọ n'asụsụ Arebhashe. Gọọmentị Karnataka guzobere ya na Disemba 15, 2011. Ebumnuche nke ụlọ akwụkwọ a bụ ichekwa ma kwalite asụsụ Arebhashe, akwụkwọ Arebhashe, na omenala Arebhashe, nke nwere ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ Arebhashe, obere asụsụ dị na steeti Karnataka na Kerala. Arebhashe bụ asụsụ Kannada nke Gowda na obodo ndị ọzọ na-asụkarị na mpaghara Kodagu, Sullia nke Dakshina Kannada na steeti Karnataka nke India yana Bandadka, Mpaghara Kasaragod na steeti Kerala nke India. Onye isi ala mgbe ahụ bụ D. V. Sadananda Gowda hiwere ụlọ akwụkwọ a. Onye isi ala D. V. Sadananda Gowda guzobere ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. Onye isi ala mgbe ahụ bụ D. V. Sadananda Gowda guzobere ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.''' .<ref>{{Cite web|author=paniyadi|first=gururaj|title=This language academy a shame for linguists|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140912/nation-current-affairs/article/language-academy-shame-linguists|work=Deccan Chronicle|accessdate=30 August 2020|language=en|date=12 September 2014}}</ref> == Ọdịdị Ọrụ == Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Karnataka Arebhashe Samskruthi mathu Sahitya Academy na-ahazi ogbako, seminarị, ihe omume omenala, na nzukọ maka ọha na eze Arebhashe. Ọ na-enyekwa onyinye nyocha maka nyocha n'asụsụ na omenala Arebhashe; ọ na-ebipụta akwụkwọ ma na-enye onyinye kwa afọ n'ọhịa akwụkwọ Arbhashe. <ref>{{Cite web|title=ಅರೆಭಾಷೆ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ– ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ ಅಕಾಡೆಮಿ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿ ಪ್ರಕಟ|url=https://www.prajavani.net/news/article/2017/07/28/509408.html|work=Prajavani|accessdate=30 August 2020|language=en|date=28 July 2017}}</ref> nka ọdịnala, yakshagana, nyocha na edemede akwụkwọ akụkọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Three Arebashe litterateurs to be honoured with state academy awards on Nov 26|url=https://www.newskarnataka.com/madikeri/three-arebashe-litterateurs-to-be-honoured-with-state-academy-awards-on-nov-26|work=NewsKarnataka|accessdate=30 August 2020|language=en|archivedate=26 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161126094341/http://www.newskarnataka.com/madikeri/three-arebashe-litterateurs-to-be-honoured-with-state-academy-awards-on-nov-26}}</ref> == Ụbọchị Arebhashe == Karnataka Arebhashe Samskruthi mathu Sahitya Academy na-eme emume ''Arebhashe Dinacharane'' kwa afọ na 15 Disemba. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/state/mangaluru/arebhashe-day-on-december-15-926273.html|title=Arebhashe Day on December 15|date=11 December 2020|work=Deccan Herald}}</ref> == Magazin == Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ nwere ọbá akwụkwọ nke nwere nchịkọta akwụkwọ na magazin na Arebhase. Ọ na-ebipụtakwa magazin a na-ebipụta kwa nkeji iri na ise nke aha ya bụ Hingara. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Akwụkwọ Academy == Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ bipụtara akwụkwọ 60 ruo 2022. Akwụkwọ ọrụ ya buru ibu bụ ''Arebhashe Paramparika Kosha,'' <ref>{{Cite book|isbn=9788195659845|title=Arebhase paramparika vastukosa|date=22 October 2023|publisher=Karnataka Arebhase Samskrti mattu Sahitya Akademi}}</ref> Arebhashe Dictionary, <ref>{{Cite book|isbn=9788195659814|title=Arebhase padakosa: Arebhase-Kannada-Inglis|date=22 October 2023|publisher=Karnataka Arebhase Samskrti mattu Sahitya Akademi}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Sanjiv|first=Deepthi|title=Completed Arebhashe dictionary to be released soon {{!}} Mangaluru News - Times of India|date=20 July 2022|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/completed-arebhashe-dictionary-to-be-released-soon/articleshow/92988863.cms|work=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> na ''Arebhashe Vishwakosha'' <ref>{{Cite news|author=Sanjiv|first=Deepthi|title=Arebhashe Encyclopedia Brought Out In 10 Months {{!}} Mangaluru News - Times of India|date=9 Nov 2022|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/arebhashe-encyclopedia-brought-out-in-10-months/articleshow/95390262.cms|work=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title='Work on Arebhashe glossary, encyclopedia in progress'|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/state/mangaluru/work-on-arebhashe-glossary-encyclopedia-in-progress-1042504.html|work=Deccan Herald|date=20 October 2021|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Babu|first=Reshma|title=Kodagu: Arebashe Dictionary released, a literary milestone set|url=https://newskarnataka.com/karnataka/mysuru/kodagu/kodagu-arebashe-dictionary-released-a-literary-milestone-set/31072022|work=News Karnataka|date=31 July 2022}}</ref> == Ọrụ Ndị Na-aga n'ihu == Ọrụ ha ugbu a bụ ịkụziri ọgbọ ndị ntorobịa e mere atụmatụ maka akwụkọ ọgụgụ, nkọwa okwu, nsụgharị, na ọrụ ndekọ ihe ochie iji chekwaa ma zụlite asụsụ na omenala nke Omenala Arebashe. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na-arụkwa ọrụ na nchịkọta akwụkwọ maka ndị agadi nọ na mpaghara a, gụnyere seminarị gbasara akwụkwọ ndị ntorobịa, ogige ihe nkiri, na uri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ಪ್ರಥಮ ಅರೆಭಾಷೆ ನಾಟಕ ಪ್ರದರ್ಶನಕ್ಕೆ ಸಿದ್ಧ|url=https://www.udayavani.com/district-news/dakshina-kannada-news/ready-for-the-premiere-semi-drama-show|work=Udayavani|language=kn}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Dakshina Kannada * Sullia * Asụsụ Arebhashe * Tulu Gowda * Agbụrụ ndị Karnataka == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} 8p5y9ofotwje7do8l29hypdlwmc45s7 0 74550 638110 621374 2026-05-16T18:31:15Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Indira Gandhi''' (amụrụ'''Nehru'''; 19 Nọvemba 1917 - 31 Ọktoba 1984)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/former_pm/smt-indira-gandhi/|title=Smt. Indira Gandhi|author=|first=|date=|work=pmindia.gov.in|publisher=|accessdate=25 January 2025|quote=}}</ref> bụ onye ọchịchị [[India]] nke jere ozi dị ka praịm minista nke India site na 1966 ruo 1977 na ọzọ site na 1980 ruo mgbe e gburu ya na 1984. Ọ bụ praịm minista mbụ na naanị nwanyị India, na onye dị mkpa na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị India dị ka onye ndú nke {{ill|Indian National Congress|en}} (INC). Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke [[:en:Jawaharlal_Nehru|Jawaharlal Nehru]], praịm minista mbụ nke India. Ọ bụ nne [[:en:Rajiv_Gandhi|Rajiv Gandhi]], onye nọchiri ya dị ka praịm minista. Ọchịchị ya nke afọ 15 na ụbọchị 350 mere ka ọ bụrụ praịm minista India nke abụọ na-eje ozi ogologo oge mgbe nna ya gasịrị. ==Ndụ ya== A mụrụ Indira Gandhi na 19 Novemba 1917 na {{ill|Allahabad|en}} na steeti {{ill|Uttar Pradesh|en}}.<ref name="Indira Priyadarshini">{{cite book|author=Pupul Jayakar|title=Indira Gandhi: A Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gm5JGkb2rhkC&pg=PR9|date=27 November 1992|publisher=[[Penguin Books India]]|isbn=978-0-14-011462-1|page=10}}</ref> Nna ya, [[:en:Jawaharlal Nehru|Jawaharlal Nehru]], bụ onye isi na ngagharị nke India maka nnwere onwe pụọ n'ọchịchị [[United Kingdom|Briten]], wee bụrụ onye isi ala mbụ nke [[India]]. Indira bụ naanị nwa dị ndụ nne na nna ya dị ka nwanne ya nwoke nke tọrọ nwụrụ mgbe ọ na-eto eto. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ dị iche iche na India wee gaa [[Switzerland]] maka agụmakwụkwọ mahadum ya. N'ihi ọrịa, ọ kwagara [[United Kingdom]]; ọ bụ na United Kingdom ka ọ zutere di ya {{ill|Feroze Gandhi|en}}.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gupte|first1=Pranay|title=Mother India: a political biography of Indira Gandhi / Pranay Gupte.|date=2011|publisher=Penguin Books|location=New York|isbn=978-0-14-306826-6|pages=151–152|edition=Rev.|url=OOmK1lPWq80C|access-date=16 August 2016}}</ref> Ha lụrụ na Allahabad.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/media/news_releases_for_journalists/100422_1.html |title=Exhibit celebrates 120 years of South Asians at Oxford |publisher=University of Oxford |date=22 April 2010 |access-date=24 December 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102074542/http://www.ox.ac.uk/media/news_releases_for_journalists/100422_1.html |archive-date=2 January 2013 }}</ref><ref name="degree">{{cite web|title=Rahul first in three generations with a world university degree|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2014/20140218/main6.htm|work=[[:en:The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]|access-date=18 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220725/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2014/20140218/main6.htm|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Agbamakwụkwọ ha dịruru afọ 18 ruo mgbe nkụchi obi nwụrụ ya na 1960. Ha mụrụ ụmụ nwoke abụọ—Rajiv na Sanjay. Na mbụ, nwa ya nwoke nke nta bụ Sanjay bụ onye nketa ọ họpụtara, ma mgbe ọ nwụsịrị n'ihe mberede ụgbọ elu na June 1980, Indira Gandhi mere ka nwa ya nwoke Rajiv kwenye ka ọ kwụsị ọrụ ya dị ka onye ọkwọ ụgbọ elu wee banye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na February 1981.<ref name="Auerbach-1984" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Rajiv Gandhi {{!}} prime minister of India|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rajiv-Gandhi|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=1 June 2020|archive-date=21 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721075521/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rajiv-Gandhi|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/oldStory/82389/|title=Sonia assures help for father-in-law's grave|website=archive.indianexpress.com|date=21 November 2005|access-date=19 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205144008/http://archive.indianexpress.com/oldStory/82389/|archive-date=5 February 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Auerbach-1984">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1984/11/01/indira-is-india/3a5a4ea5-53d9-47e7-8a30-4f6b39b2e6f6/|title=Indira Is India|last=Auerbach|first=Stuart|date=1 November 1984|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=2 January 2020|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103102056/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1984/11/01/indira-is-india/3a5a4ea5-53d9-47e7-8a30-4f6b39b2e6f6/|archive-date=3 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> N'oge ọchịchị nna ya Jawaharlal Nehru site na 1947 ruo 1964, Gandhi bụ onye ọbịa ya wee soro ya gaa ọtụtụ njem mba ofesi.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Steinberg|first1=Blema S.|title=Women in power : the personalities and leadership styles of Indira Gandhi, Golda Meir, and Margaret Thatcher|date=2008|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|location=Montreal|isbn=978-0-7735-3356-1|page=20|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EZIBxpeRXxsC&q=indira%2520nehru%2520hostess&pg=PAPR7|access-date=2 December 2015|archive-date=31 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331051303/https://books.google.com/books?id=EZIBxpeRXxsC&pg=PAPR7&q=indira%2520nehru%2520hostess#v=onepage&q=indira%2520nehru%2520hostess&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> N'afọ 1959, o kere òkè na mwepu nke gọọmentị steeti Kerala nke ndị Kọmunist na-edu dị ka onye isi ala Indian National Congress n'oge ahụ. {{ill|Lal Bahadur Shastri|en}}, onye nọchiri Nehru dị ka praịm minista mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1964, họpụtara ya onye ozi mgbasa ozi na mgbasa ozi na ọchịchị ya; N'otu afọ ahụ a họpụtara ya na Rajya Sabha, nzuko omeiwu India. Mgbe Shastri nwụsịrị na Jenụwarị 1966, Gandhi meriri onye ndoro-ndoro ochichi ya, Morarji Desai, na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu nke INC ka ọ bụrụ onye ndu ma nọchie Shastri dị ka praịm minista. Ọ bụ praịm minista nwanyị nke abụọ n'ụwa ka [[Sirimavo Bandaranaike]] gasịrị mgbe ọ ghọrọ praịm minista nke India.<ref>Gandhi, Indira. (1982) ''My Truth''</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kochanek|first1=Stanley A.|title=Post Nehru India: The Emergence of the New Leadership|journal=[[Asian Survey]]|date=May 1966|volume=6|issue=5|page=298|doi=10.2307/2642538|jstor=2642538}}</ref> Dị ka praịm minista, Gandhi bụ onye ama ama maka ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya na-adịghị emebi emebi na nhazi nke ike n'ime ngalaba ndị isi.<ref>Ghosh, P.S., 1999. Whither Indian Polity?. Economic and Political Weekly, pp.3340–3342.</ref> N'afọ 1967, ọ gara agha na [[China]] nke India weghaara mbanye ndị China na {{ill|Himalayas|en}}.<ref>{{cite book | author=India. Parliament. House of the People | author2=India. Parliament. Lok Sabha | title=Lok Sabha Debates | publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat. | year=1967 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y2jVAAAAMAAJ| page=51}}</ref> Na 1971, ọ gara agha na [[:en:Pakistan|Pakistan]] na nkwado nke nnwere onwe na agha nke nnwere onwe na [[:en: Bangladesh|Bangladesh]] nke a maara mgbe ahụ dị ka East Pakistan, nke butere mmeri ndị India.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hellmann-Rajanayagam|first1=D|title=Dynasties and Female Political Leaders in Asia: Gender, Power and Pedigree|date=2013|publisher=LIT Verlag GMBH|location=Vienna, Zurich|isbn=978-3-643-90320-4|page=27|url=UKBcLhCxSvQC}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Puri|first1=Balraj|title=Indian Muslims since Partition|journal=[[Economic and Political Weekly]]|date=1993|volume=28|issue=40|page=2144|jstor=4400229}}</ref> Gandhi rụkwara ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịmalite nnwale ngwa agha nuklia mbụ nke India mere na 1974.<ref name=prolifimpact>{{cite book|last=Perkovich|first=George|title=India's nuclear bomb: the impact on global proliferation|year=2002|publisher=[[University of California Press]]|isbn= 978-0-520-23210-5}}</ref> Ọchịchị ya mere ka India bịaruo {{ill|Soviet Union|en}}. India nwetara nkwado agha, ego, na nkwado ọchịchị site na Soviet Union n'oge esemokwu ya na Pakistan n'otu afọ ahụ. Gandhi mere India otu n'ime ndị Soviet Union na-akpachi anya n'[[Asia|Eshia]], onye ọ bụla na-akwado ibe ya mgbe mgbe n'agha nakwa na [[:en:United Nations|United Nations]].<ref name="British Academic Press">{{cite book|editor1-last=Light|editor1-first=Margot |last=Duncan|first=Peter J.S. |title=Troubled friendships: Moscow's Third World ventures, Chapter II, Soviet-Indian Model|date=1993|publisher=British Academic Press|location=London [u.a.]|isbn=978-1-85043-649-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a7MA1F1TD08C&pg=PA29}}</ref> N'ịzaghachi echiche nkewapụ na oku maka mgbanwe, o hiwere ọnọdụ mberede site na 1975 ruo 1977, bụ nke ọ na-achị site n'iwu wee kwụsịtụ nnwere onwe obodo. A tụrụ ihe karịrị 100,000 ndị mmegide ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ndị nta akụkọ na ndị nwere nghọtahie. Ọ chere òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị {{ill|Sikh|en}} ihu n'oge ọchịchị nke anọ ya; na nzaghachi, o jiri ọrụ agha na ụlọ nsọ Sikh nke butere igbu ọtụtụ narị ndị Sikh.<ref name="Univ. of Michigan Press">{{cite book|editor1-last=Guidry|editor1-first=John|editor2-last=Kennedy|editor2-first=Michael D.|editor3-last=Zald|editor3-first=Mayer N. |title=Globalizations and social movements : culture, power, and the transnational public sphere|date=2000|publisher=[[Univ. of Michigan Press]]|location=Ann Arbor, Michigan|isbn=978-0-472-06721-3|page=319|edition=Reprint|url=Eh0OlJWuh4|access-date=14 September 2017}}</ref> Na 31 Ọktoba 1984, ndị nche ya abụọ gburu ya, ndị ha abụọ bụ ndị mba Sikh na-achọ nkwụghachi maka ihe omume na temple.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Mandair|editor1-first=Arvind-pal Singh|editor2-last=Shackle|editor2-first=Christopher|editor3-last=Singh|editor3-first=Gurharpal |title=Sikh religion, culture and ethnicity|date=2001|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=978-1-136-84634-2|pages=169–171|url=D8xdAgAAQBAJ}}</ref><ref name="The New York Times">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/06/world/india-hangs-two-sikhs-convicted-in-assassination-of-indira-gandhi.html|title=India Hangs Two Sikhs Convicted In Assassination of Indira Gandhi|last1=Crossette|first1=Barbara|date=1989|work=The New York Times|access-date=5 December 2017|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206074556/http://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/06/world/india-hangs-two-sikhs-convicted-in-assassination-of-indira-gandhi.html|archive-date=6 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Akpọrọ ya ọkụ n'otu saịtị nwere nnukwu nkume ọla dị iche iche nke na-echeta ya dị ka "Iron Lady of India"..<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.delhiinformation.in/tourism/memorials/shaktisthal.html|title=Shakti Sthal – Delhi Information|website=www.delhiinformation.in|language=en|access-date=5 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309021606/http://www.delhiinformation.in/tourism/memorials/shaktisthal.html|archive-date=9 March 2018|url-status=live|accessdate=28 March 2026|archivedate=9 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309021606/http://www.delhiinformation.in/tourism/memorials/shaktisthal.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1984/11/04/indira-gandhi-cremated-in-hindu-ritual/124ca3f5-3121-4289-9c7d-51a953ab7b39/|title=Indira Gandhi Cremated in Hindu Ritual|last1=Claiborne|first1=William|date=4 November 1984|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=5 December 2017|last2=Sun|first2=Lena|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206010005/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1984/11/04/indira-gandhi-cremated-in-hindu-ritual/124ca3f5-3121-4289-9c7d-51a953ab7b39/|archive-date=6 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> A na-echeta Gandhi dị ka otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị kachasị ike n'ụwa.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Feminism in Literature: 20th century, topics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VbIUAQAAIAAJ|publisher=Thomson Gale|date=2005|isbn=978-0-7876-9115-8|language=en|first1=Jessica|last1=Bomarito|first2=Jeffrey W.|last2=Hunter}}</ref> Ndị na-akwado ya na-ehota ọchịchị ya n'oge mmeri nke ndị na-emegide geopolitical China na Pakistan, akụ na ụba na-eto eto na mmalite 1980s, na mgbasa ozi nke ịda ogbenye ya nke mere ka a mara ya dị ka "[[:en:Mother Indira|Mother Indira]]" ''(Nne Indira)'' n'etiti ndị ogbenye na ime obodo. Ndị nkatọ na-ahụ na òtù nzuzo ya nke àgwà ya na ọchịchị aka ike nke India. Na 2020, akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Times'' kpọrọ ya aha n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị 100 nke oge ya.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Indira Gandhi, Amrit Kaur named by TIME among '100 Women of the Year'|newspaper=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/indira-gandhi-amrit-kaur-named-by-time-among-100-women-of-the-year/articleshow/74498165.cms|access-date=24 April 2020|archive-date=5 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305162811/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/indira-gandhi-amrit-kaur-named-by-time-among-100-women-of-the-year/articleshow/74498165.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Ntụaka== {{reflist}} ===Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ=== ''Ndị ọ dere'' * ''My Truth'' (1980), [[Orient Paperback]], {{ISBN|978-81-709446-8-3}} ''Ndị e dere gbasara ya'' * ''My Years with Indira Gandhi'' by [[P. C. Alexander]], Orient Paperbacks, {{ISBN|978-81-709444-2-3}}, {{ISBN|978-81-709444-2-3}} * ''Indira Gandhi'' by [[H. Y. Sharada Prasad]], [[Penguin India]], {{ISBN|978-01-433328-8-6}} * ''Indira Gandhi – Tryst with Power'' by [[Nayantara Sahgal]], [[Penguin India]], {{ISBN|978-01-430673-5-1}} *''[[Indira: India's Most Powerful Prime Minister]]'' by [[Sagarika Ghose]], {{ISBN|978-93-862283-4-5}} om9bdib32koye0gic1rawws7msjrewk 0 74557 638090 621570 2026-05-16T13:48:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638090 wikitext text/x-wiki {{HBONetwork Shows}}The Weight of the Nation bụ usoro akwụkwọ akụkọ nwere akụkụ anọ nke netwọọkụ telivishọn America HBO mepụtara. == Nchịkọta == N'ikwu okwu banyere ọrịa oke ibu na-arịwanye elu na United States, e bu ụzọ gbasaa ya na May 2012. Usoro ihe nkiri ahụ gụnyere mmekorita ya na Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ahụ Ike Mba, Ụlọ Ọrụ Maka Nchịkwa na Mgbochi Ọrịa na Ụlọ Ọrụ Ọgwụ.<ref name="Marshall">{{Cite news|author=Marshall|first=Serene|title=HBO's 'Weight of the Nation': A New Solution to an Old Problem?|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/Wellness/hbos-weight-nation-solution-problem/story?id=16341598|work=ABC News|date=May 14, 2012}}</ref><ref name="Suarez">{{Cite news|author=Suarez|first=Ray|title='Weight of the Nation': U.S. Obesity Crisis Tackled in HBO Special|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/conversation-filmmakers-zoom-in-on-the-weight-of-the-nation|work=PBS Newshour|date=May 8, 2012}}</ref> Ọ bụ John Hoffman mepụtara usoro a.<ref name="Flatow">{{Cite news|author=Flatow|first=Ira|title=Sizing Up Americans In 'The Weight Of The Nation'|url=https://www.npr.org/2012/05/11/152508360/sizing-up-americans-in-the-weight-of-the-nation|work=National Public Radio|date=May 11, 2012}}</ref> Ndị na-akọwa sayensị pụtara na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ gụnyere Francis Collins, <ref>{{Cite web|title=NIH research featured in HBO documentary series on obesity|url=https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-research-featured-hbo-documentary-series-obesity|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160104204423/http://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-research-featured-hbo-documentary-series-obesity|archivedate=January 4, 2016|work=NIH|publisher=National Institutes of Health|accessdate=April 30, 2012}}</ref> Samuel Klein, Rudolph Leibel, Robert Lustig, na Kelly D. Brownell. == Ihe omume == Usoro a nwere ihe nkiri anọ na-ewe ihe dịka otu awa: # Nsonaazụ ya # Nhọrọ # Ụmụaka nọ na Nsogbu # Ihe ịma aka == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20171026040745/http://theweightofthenation.hbo.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ HBO The Weight of the Nation] * {{IMDb title|2220150|The Weight of the Nation}} {{HBONetwork Shows}} 28l27y9694xzzhlmw4lf3eczdigh4xx 0 74748 638140 629155 2026-05-16T23:49:16Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638140 wikitext text/x-wiki Jane Taber (amụrụ 1957) bụ onye ọrụ ọha na Canada, onye bụbu onye nta akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye na-ahụ maka ihe omume ọha na telivishọn. A họpụtara Taber onye isi nkwukọrịta n'okpuru onye isi mbụ nke Nova Scotia, Iain Rankin nke Nova Scotia Liberal Party na February 2021.[1][2] == Ọrụ == === Akwụkwọ akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị === Taber kọrọ na akụkọ nzuko omeiwu Hill malite na 1986, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ ụlọ omeiwu na onye na-ede akwụkwọ maka Citizen Ottawa, National Post, na The Globe na Mail.[1] Ruo oge atọ, site na 1995 ruo 1997, ọ bụ onye ọbịa nke ihe ngosi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị were nkeji iri atọ na WTN nke akpọrọ Jane Taber's Ottawa.[2] O mekwara ihe nkiri ga-ewe otu awa maka mgba ụmụ nwanyị na-agba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'oge ntuli aka gọọmenti etiti Canada nke 1997. Na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru nchebe nke ụlọ ọrụ Bell Media, Taber bụ onye na-akwado ''Oge Ajụjụ'' nke CTV Television Network na Craig Oliver site na 2005 ruo 2011, mgbe ọ bụkwa onye edemede dị elu na ụlọ ọrụ The Globe and Mail's Ottawa site na 2003 ruo 2012. Ọ kwagara n'ọfịs akwụkwọ akụkọ Halifax na 2012, na-aghọ Onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Atlantic Bureau.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://j-source.ca/article/jane-taber-celebrated-leaving-the-hill-to-head-the-globes-atlantic-bureau/|title=Jane Taber celebrated, leaving the Hill to head the Globe's Atlantic bureau - JSource|date=2011-12-01|work=JSource|accessdate=2018-10-16|language=en-US}}</ref> Na June 26, 2011, Taber hapụrụ ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-akwado ''Oge Ajụjụ'' na Kevin Newman. Otú ọ dị, ọ gara n'ihu na-ekere òkè na mmemme ahụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ ọbịa oge niile, ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-akwado Don Martin na CTV News Channel's Power Play. === Mmekọrịta ọha na eze === Leaving journalism in 2016, Taber entered the public relations field as vice president of public affairs at National Public Relations (Res Publica Consulting Group) in Halifax.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.national.ca/fr/auteurs/jane-taber/|title=Jane Taber - NATIONAL|work=www.national.ca|language=fr|accessdate=2018-10-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://marketingmag.ca/media/globe-and-mail-political-reporter-joins-national-180607/|title=Globe and Mail political reporter joins National|work=marketingmag.ca|language=en-US|accessdate=2018-10-16}}</ref> N'ịgbaso arụkwaghịm nke Nova Scotia Premier Stephen McNeil, Taber meziri ọgbakọ ntuli aka nke Nova Scotia Liberal Party maka ntuli aka onye isi ọchịchị Nova Scotia Liberal Party nke 2021 na Disemba 10, 2020. Mgbe ọ ka bụ osote onye isi oche na National Public Relations n'oge ahụ, [1] [2] Taber mechara bụrụ onye isi Nkwukọrịta maka onye meriri n'ọsọ onye isi, Nova 2. Mgbe mfu dị egwu nke Rankin maka ndị Liberal na ntuli aka izugbe nke Nova Scotia 2021 na Ọgọst 17, 2021, Taber sonyeere National Relations Relations dị ka osote onye isi ala, Ọha na Ọha. == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Carleton, a họpụtara Taber ka ọ bụrụ onye nduzi ya maka afọ atọ na Julaị 1, 2019. <ref name="Carleton">{{Cite web|publisher=Carleton University|title=Board of Governors: Jane Taber - Community|url=https://carleton.ca/secretariat/boardofgovernors/people/jane-taber/|accessdate=1 Sep 2021|archivedate=1 September 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901111923/https://carleton.ca/secretariat/boardofgovernors/people/jane-taber/}}</ref> Taber is married to editor David F. Guy of allNovaScotia, a subscription-based online newspaper. They have two children.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.themacdonaldnotebook.ca/2017/10/13/macpolitics-jane-tabers-brood-off-to-ottawa/|title=MacPolitics: Jane Taber's Brood Off To Ottawa|date=2017-10-13|work=The Macdonald Notebook|accessdate=2018-10-16|language=en-US}}</ref> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] hl6fjul34u5aj2uxw5ayu7mtj64y8ls 1728 74754 638109 631065 2026-05-16T18:30:44Z King ChristLike 13051 638109 wikitext text/x-wiki {| cellpadding="4" cellspacing="10" style="margin:auto;" |[[File:Igbo Wikimedians User Group Logo.svg|200px|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Igbo_Wikimedians_User_Group]] |} [[File:Graphic design for the Igbo Lexemes + Wiktionary Project.jpg|thumb|Event flyer]] == Overview == '''The Igbo Lexemes + Wiktionary Project''' is aimed at improving the availability of audio pronunciation in the Igbo language. The project will focus on creating accurate and high-quality audio pronunciations, which will be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons, ensuring accessibility to both Igbo and non-Igbo speakers. These audio pronunciations will be added to the Forms of Igbo Lexemes on Wikidata and also Igbo Wiktionary articles. Site links to these Wiktionary articles will also be added on Wikidata. The Igbo lexemes will further be improved by adding more statements where applicable to Forms and Senses and translating the descriptions of Senses into the Igbo language. == Project goals == # Encourage volunteer participation and community engagement. # Expand the Igbo lexemes, Igbo Wiktionary and Wikimedia Commons with high-quality audio pronunciation files. # Ensure accessibility and accuracy of Igbo language content on Wikimedia projects. == Project timeline == * Launch: Saturday, 18 April, 2026 ** Time: 5:00 PM WAT * Venue: Zoom * Project ends: Thursday, 30 April 2026 ** Time: 11:59 PM WAT == Organizers == # [[User:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] # [[User:Lucy Iwuala|Lucy Iwuala]] == To-do List == [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/12NlwIdlHDh-O3lN0MgQ5BZIRPXzTc6spKwK9Hmu0CDw/edit?usp=drivesdk Query] == Outcome == • 709 Forms of Lexemes were added the pronunciation audio statement. • 243 Igbo Wiktionary articles were edited, with 61 Igbo Wiktionary articles newly created. • 758 quality audio files were uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. [[Otú:Mmemme]] [[Otú:Mmemme 2026]] kdjrwvv56suf8hwuko62khsdzbwgyia 0 74936 638176 630697 2026-05-17T09:30:23Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638176 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Kaciaryna_Ludvika_Sapieha._Кацярына_Людвіка_Сапега_(G._Knoefvel,_1762).jpg|thumb|Kaciaryna Ludvika Sapieha Onye na-ahụ maka ihe mgbochi nke Sapeg (G. Knoefvel, 1762) ]] '''Katarzyna Agnieszka Ludwika z Sapiehów Sapieżyna'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Muzeum Ziemiaństwa w Dobrzycy|url=https://www.dobrzyca-muzeum.pl/aktualnosci.php?id=34|accessdate=2020-05-26|archivedate=2021-04-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415144429/https://dobrzyca-muzeum.pl/aktualnosci.php?id=34}}</ref> (1718-1779), bụ nwanyị a ma ama na Poland. A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya. Ọ bụ onye na-akwado ma sonye na Bar Confederation (1768-1772). == Ihe odide == <references /> {{authority control}} n4y03wuxvxduf9awgtoi5og8yygekub 0 75324 638157 632337 2026-05-17T03:08:44Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638157 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Joel Chukwuma Obi''' (amụrụ na 22 Mee 1991), nke a maara dị ka '''Joel Obi''', bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'etiti. == Ọrụ klọb == === Inter === [[Faịlụ:Joel_Chukwuma_Obi_-_Inter_Mailand_(1).jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Joel Obi na Inter]] N'afọ 2009, José Mourinho hụrụ ya ma duru ya gaa n'òtù mbụ nke Inter mgbe ụfọdụ. N'afọ 2010, ọbụlagodi na ọ naghị agba bọọlụ, edebanyere aha ya na ndepụta 'A' nke ndị egwuregwu, bụ ndị meriri Champions League na nke ikpeazụ megide Bayern Munich. N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2010, Rafael Benítez kpọgara ya na ndị otu mbụ. Obi mere nke mbụ ya maka Inter na 29 Septemba 2010 na egwuregwu UEFA Champions League megide Werder Bremen . <ref name="obidebut">{{Cite news|title=Joel Chukwuma Obi – Profile|url=http://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=250003339/profile/index.html|publisher=UEFA}}</ref> Ọ gbara nkeji iri ikpeazụ nke egwuregwu ahụ mgbe ọ bịarutere dị ka onye nọchiri anya na nkeji nke 80 maka onye ọgba bọọlụ ibe ya Dejan Stanković. Inter gara n'ihu merie Werder Bremen na 4-0 shutout.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/01e9-0e75abbcea79-75c484c0b55b-1000--eto-o-hat-trick-eases-inter-past-bremen/|title=Eto'o hat-trick eases Inter past Bremen|date=29 September 2010|accessdate=3 June 2014|publisher=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> Obi mere Serie A mbụ ya na 17 Ọktoba 2010 megide Cagliari mgbe ọ nọchiri Philippe Coutinho na nkeji nke iri isii na isii.<ref name="obidebutitaly">{{Cite news|title=2010 Serie A, Round 7|url=http://msn.foxsports.com/foxsoccer/seriea/matchStats?gameId=2010101710759|publisher=Fox Soccer|accessdate=21 October 2010}}</ref> Egwuregwu ahụ mechiri 1-0 site na goolu [[Samuel Eto'o]]. Obi malitere "Milan Derby" na Beijing maka Supercoppa [[Italy|Italian]]<nowiki/>a na 14 Nọvemba mana ekwesịrị dochie ya mgbe naanị nkeji 35 gasịrị n'ihi mmerụ ahụ, Coutinho dochie ya. Na Jenụwarị 2011, Obi na Nwankwo Obiora na-ere ya na Parma maka naanị € 750 na € 300,000 n'otu n'otu. Na otu egwuregwu ọ bụ onye mmalite n'okpuru ma Gian Piero Gasperini na onye nchịkwa ọhụrụ, Claudio Ranieri. Na 27 Septemba ọ malitere mmalite mbụ ya na Njikọ Njikọ, na 1 October, ezigara ya maka oge mbụ na ọrụ ya mgbe kaadị edo edo nke abụọ n'ụlọ Napoli. Na 17 Jenụwarị 2012 Parma rere òkè 50% nke Obi azụ na Inter maka nde €3.2 (€ 1.7 nde gbakwunyere Crisetig) na akwụgoro ụgwọ ọnwa ya na € 600,000 akọwara kwa afọ. Na 29 Eprel, Obi meriri goolu mbụ ya na Serie A megide Cesena, ihe nhata nwa oge 1–1, na mmeri 2–1 mechara. O mechiri oge 2011 – 12 na ngosipụta 27 na Serie A, abụọ na Coppa Italia na asaa na Champions League, gbakwunyere otu na ngwụcha Supercoppa Italiana. Otú ọ dị, e belatara oge ya site na mmerụ ọjọọ nke mere ka ọ nọrọ ogologo oge ezumike. Remaining at a standstill due to injury, he returned to the field in 2012–13 season, exactly on 4 October, in the victory away from home 1–3 against Neftchi Baku in the Europa League scoring the goal of 0–2,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://it.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0202-0e9d7903f82f-4103b9ffe368-1000--la-baby-inter-convince-a-baku/|title=La baby Inter convince a Baku|work=[[UEFA]]|accessdate=4 October 2012}}</ref> which was the 500th goal in UEFA<ref>{{Cite news|title=Il tacco di Coutinho|publisher=[[La Gazzetta dello Sport]]}}</ref> competition for Inter. He concluded the season with two appearances in the league, one in the Coppa Italia and one in the Europa League. ==== Parma (nke a gbazinyere) ==== N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2013, e nyere ya Parma, <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.inter.it/en/news/43616|title=Joel Obi moves to Parma|date=2 September 2013|accessdate=3 June 2014|publisher=FC Internazionale Milano}}</ref> n'egwuregwu ya na Catania, na-anọchi Marco Parolo. Mgbe ọ pụtara naanị ugboro asatọ, ọ laghachiri na Inter. === Ịlaghachi na Inter === Na 28 August 2014, ọ laghachiri na-egwu Inter na egwuregwu ụlọ meriri 6-0 na Europa League megide Stjarnan. Obi gara n'ihu na-agba egwu dị ka onye ọkpọ n'usoro Walter Mazzarri 3-5-2 n'ihi ọtụtụ mmerụ ahụ nke ndị otu ya. Na 23 Nọvemba, ọ gbara egwu dị ka onye mbido na Milan derby, na-enye ihe nhata (1–1), na mgbaru ọsọ mbụ ya nke oge, na-eme mmemme site na mmekpa ahụ. Ọ laghachiri n'ọhịa dị ka onye mbido na egwuregwu ụlọ furu efu 0–1 megide Torino na 25 Jenụwarị 2015, na-egwu egwu dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ. Ọ mechiri oge ahụ na egwuregwu iri na asaa na otu goolu. N'ozuzu maka Inter ọ mere ngosi 71 wee nye goolu atọ. === Torino === N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2015, Obi gafere Torino maka ego € 2.2 nde ma bịanye aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kicknews24.com/news/official-joel-obi-joins-torino/|title=Official: Joel Obi Joins Torino|publisher=Kicknews24.com|accessdate=3 July 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065147/http://kicknews24.com/news/official-joel-obi-joins-torino/|archivedate=4 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://torinofc.it/news/02/07/2015/joel-obi-al-toro_8577|title=Joel Obi al Toro|date=2 July 2015|accessdate=2 July 2015|publisher=Torino F.C.|language=it}}</ref> Na mbido oge ahụ, o merụrụ ahụ ugboro abụọ, nke ikpeazụ n'ime ha, mere ka ọ ghara ịga ọkara mbụ nke oge 2015-16. Ọ laghachiri n'ọgbọ egwuregwu, na-egwuri egwu dị ka onye mbido na egwuregwu megide Chievo Verona na 7 Febụwarị 2016, Alexander Farnerud nọchiri ya na ọkara nke abụọ. N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2017, ọ pụtara nke iri abụọ na anọ ya na Torino megide Sassulo wee gbaa goolu nke abụọ ya na nke mbụ n'oge ahụ na nkeji iri asatọ na asatọ. Egwuregwu ahụ mechiri 3-0 na-akwado Torino n'ụlọ. === Chievo Verona === N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2018, Obi bịanyere aka na klọb Serie A Chievo Verona na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na nhọrọ maka oge ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.tuttomercatoweb.com/chievo/?action=read&idtmw=1145015|accessdate=11 August 2018|title=UFFICIALE: ChievoVerona, ecco Obi: contratto triennale con opzione|archivedate=12 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812021701/https://m.tuttomercatoweb.com/chievo/?action=read&idtmw=1145015}}</ref> Obi gbazinyere klọb [[Turkéy|Turkey]] Alanyaspor na Jenụwarị 2019 maka ọkara nke abụọ nke mkpọsa 2018-19. <ref name="Salernitana">{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/joel-obi-salernitana-sign-former-chievo-midfielder/hh2kxid2r3ow1lkhsc63r1ds6|title=Joel Obi: Salernitana sign former Chievo midfielder|work=Goal|date=21 July 2021|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref> N'Oge 2020-21, onye ọgba bọọlụ ahụ gbara goolu anọ n'egwuregwu 31 nke Serie B maka Chievo.<ref name="Salernitana"/> Na 21 Julaị 2021, Obi bịanyere aka na klọb U.S. Salernitana 1919 nke e buliri n'ọkwa Serie A n'efu.<ref name="Salernitana"/> Obi kwetara nkwekọrịta otu afọ na nhọrọ nke ịgbatị.<ref name="Salernitana" /> Na 20 Julaị 2022, Obi sonyeere Reggina na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ. <ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Reggina|url=https://www.reggina1914.it/notizie/joel-obi-e-un-calciatore-amaranto/|title=JOEL OBI È UN CALCIATORE AMARANTO|date=20 July 2022|accessdate=20 July 2022|language=it|archivedate=21 October 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021194840/https://www.reggina1914.it/notizie/joel-obi-e-un-calciatore-amaranto/}}</ref> === Vis Pesaro === Na Jenụwarị 2024, Obi sonyeere ụlọ ọrụ Serie C Group B Vis Pesaro na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vispesaro1898.it/vis/vis-pesaro-joel-obi-ufficiale/|title=JOEL OBI È BIANCOROSSO!|work=www.vispesaro1898.it|language=Italian|date=10 January 2024|accessdate=10 January 2024}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Obi mere nke mbụ ya na mba ụwa maka [[Nigeria national football team|Ndị otu mba Naịjirịa]] na 9 Febụwarị 2011 na egwuregwu enyi na enyi ya na Sierra Leone na Lagos. Ọ malitere egwuregwu iri na otu sochirinụ n'usoro maka ''Eagles'' tupu ọ merụọ ahụ na ngwụcha afọ 2012. A kpọrọ aha ya na ndị otu mbụ maka 2014 World Cup. <ref>{{Cite news|first=Oluwashina|author=Okeleji|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/27302995|title=World Cup 2014: Nosa Igiebor cut from Nigeria squad|date=3 June 2014|accessdate=24 November 2014|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2018, a kpọrọ aha ya n'ime ndị otu iri abụọ na atọ nke Naijiria maka 2018 ''FIFA World Cup na [[Russia]]''. <ref>{{Cite news|title=World Cup 2018: Arsenal's Iwobi in Nigeria's 23-man squad|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/44346451|accessdate=18 October 2022|work=BBC Sport|date=3 June 2018}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == {{updated|22 May 2022}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Joel obi Inter Profile |url=http://www.inter.it/en/squadra/G0851 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626163929/http://www.inter.it/en/squadra/G0851 |archive-date=26 June 2015 |accessdate=8 May 2026 |archivedate=26 June 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626163929/http://www.inter.it/en/squadra/G0851 }}</ref><ref>{{Soccerway|joel-chukwuma-obi/85498}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Kọntinent ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="5" |Mba ụwa |2010–11 | rowspan="4" |Usoro A |10 |0 |2 |0 |1[a] |0 |0 |0 |13 |0 |- |2011–12 |27 |0 |2 |0 |7[a] |0 |1[b] |0 |37 |0 |- |2012–13 |2 |0 |1 |0 |1[c] |1 | colspan="2" | - |4 |1 |- |2014–15 |11 |1 |1 |0 |3[c] |0 | colspan="2" | - |15 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !50 !1 !6 !0 !12 !1 !1 !0 !69 !2 |- |Parma (nke a gbazinyere) |2013–14 |Usoro A |8 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |8 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |Torino |2015–16 | rowspan="3" |Usoro A |10 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |11 |1 |- |2016–17 |20 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |23 |0 |- |2017–18 |22 |5 |3 |1 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |25 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !52 !6 !7 !1 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !59 !7 |- | rowspan="4" |Chievo |2018–19 | rowspan="2" |Usoro A |11 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |11 |1 |- |2019–20 |29 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |29 |1 |- |2020–21 |Usoro B |31 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |32 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !71 !6 !1 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !72 !6 |- |Alanyaspor (onye a gbazinyere) |2018–19 |Süper Lig |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |2 |0 |- |Salernitana |2021–22 |Usoro A |21 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |23 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ ya niile !204 !13 !16 !1 !12 !1 !1 !0 !233 !15 |}   === Mba Nile === {{updated|22 June 2018}}<ref>{{NFT player|41934}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="8" |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] |2011 |11 |0 |- |2012 |0 |0 |- |2013 |0 |0 |- |2014 |1 |0 |- |2015 |0 |0 |- |2016 |0 |0 |- |2017 |0 |0 |- |2018 |4 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !16 !0 |} == Nsọpụrụ == * Coppa Italia: 2010-112010–11 * Supercoppa Italiana: 2010 * FIFA Club World Cup: 2010 == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] agyzz4nowikk8fpjg6ivcuu0db3reiq 0 75361 638111 632444 2026-05-16T18:52:44Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638111 wikitext text/x-wiki Nnyocha '''interferon-γ release assay''' ('''IGRA''') bụ nnyocha ahụike eji eme nchọpụta nke ọrịa ụfọdụ na-efe efe, ọkachasị ụkwara nta. Nnyocha ntọhapụ Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) dabere n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na T-lymphocytes ga-atọhapụ IFN-γ mgbe a kpughere ya nye antigens ụfọdụ. A na-emepụta ule ndị a maka nchọpụta ụkwara nta, mana n'echiche, enwere ike iji ya chọpụta ọrịa ndị ọzọ na-adabere na usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ, dịka cytomegalovirus na [[Leshmanịasis|leishmaniasis]] na COVID-19. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Murugesan|first=Kanagavel|date=2021|title=Interferon-γ Release Assay for Accurate Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 T-Cell Response|journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases|volume=73|issue=9|pages=e3130–e3132|doi=10.1093/cid/ciaa1537|pmid=33035306}}</ref> Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ime ndị ọrịa nwere mmeghachi omume nke ahụ nye ọgwụ ọjọọ na akpụkpọ ahụ, ihe ịma aka nke lymphocytes ọbara na ọgwụ ahụ na-akpata mmeghachi ahụ mepụtara nsonaazụ nnyocha dị mma maka ọkara nke ọgwụ ndị a nwalere.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Halevy|first=S.|year=2005|title=Clinical implications of in vitro drug-induced interferon-gamma release from peripheral blood lymphocytes in cutaneous adverse drug reactions|journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology|volume=52|issue=2|pages=254–261|doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2004.05.006|pmid=15692470}}</ref> __TOC__ == Ụzọ e si eme Ya == Ugbu a e nwere IFN-γ release assay abụọ dị maka nnyocha nchọpụta ụkwara nta: * QuantiFERON-TB Gold (licensed in US, Europe and Japan); and  * T-SPOT.TB, ụdịrị ELISpot, ụdị ọzọ nke ELISA (le nyere akwụkwọ ike na Europe, US, Japan na China).<ref>{{Cite web|title=How the T-SPOT.TB Test Works|url=http://www.tspot.com/about-the-test/t-spot-tb-test-works/|accessdate=2026-05-09|archivedate=2020-02-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204133637/http://www.tspot.com/about-the-test/t-spot-tb-test-works/}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="Material near this tag needs references to reliable medical sources. (March 2025)">medical citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> ule nke gara aga na-enye ọnụ ọgụgụ maka IFN-γ ole e mepụtara na nazaghachị ESAT-6 na CFP-10 [[wiktionary:antigen|antigens]] sitere na ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'', ndị e nwere ike ikewapụta pụọ na ndị dị na BCG na ọtụtụ ndị mycobacteria ndị ọzọ na-abụghị nke ụkwara nta. Ule nke ikpeazu a na-akọwa ọnụ ọgụgụ nke effector T cells n'otu n'otu na-egosipụta IFN-γ. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> A ka na-arụ ụka banyere ihe ndị na-egosi ule ahụ. A na-enyocha ya maka nchọpụta nke ụkwara nta na-adịghị ahụ anya na ndị ọrịa HIV (ndị na-enwekarị nnyocha Mantoux na-adịghị mma). <ref>{{Cite journal|year=2007|title=Utility of interferon-γ ELISPOT assay responses in highly tuberculosis-exposed patients with advanced HIV infection in South Africa|journal=BMC Infectious Diseases|volume=7|doi=10.1186/1471-2334-7-99|pmid=17725839}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}}{{Tuberculosis}} r03kl4jbgssno52jhvui5hnliwi2l92 0 75378 638135 632479 2026-05-16T21:23:44Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638135 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Faịlụ:Qualitative-Real-Time-Schlieren-and-Shadowgraph-Imaging-of-Human-Exhaled-Airflows-An-Aid-to-Aerosol-pone.0021392.s002.ogv|thumbtime=0:12|thumb|360x360px|Nlereanya nke ikuku na-efe n'oge ịze uzere, na-atụnyere ịze uzere na-ekpuchighị ihe mkpuchi na ọtụtụ ụzọ dị iche iche esi ekpuchi ọnụ na imi mmadụ: ịze uzere n'ime aka, aka e ji aka kpuchie, anụ ahụ, ngwaọrụ ihe mkpuchi ịwa ahụ, na ihe mkpuchi N95.]] Ize uzere (nke a makwaara dịka '''sternutation n’olu oyibo''') bụ ikuku na-enweghị isi, nke na-esi n'akpa ume pụọ site na imi ya na ọnụ, nke na'abụkarị nke ihe ndị si ebe ọzọ na-akpali mucosal. Ize uzere na-achụpụ ikuku site n'ọnụ na imi n'ụzọ na-agbawa agbawa, nke na-enweghị isi. Omume a na-enye ohere ka mmiri gbapụ site na oghere imi na asọ iji gbapụ n'[[Onu|oghere ọnụ]]. Ize uzere nwere ike ijikọta ya na ikpughe na mberede na ìhè na-egbuke egbuke (nke a maara dịka photic sneeze reflex n’olu oyibo), mgbanwe mberede (ịda) na okpomọkụ, ikuku oyi, afọ jury eju, ikpughe ihe na-adịghị anabata ya, ma ọ bụ nje virus. N'ihi na '''akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ''' nwere ike ịgbasa ọrịa site na mmiri ozuzo [[aerosol]] na-efe efe, a na-atụ aro iji aka gị kpuchie ọnụ gị na imi gị, n'ime ogwe aka gị, anụ ahụ ihu gị maọbụ akwa aka gị mgbe ị na-agbapụta. Na mgbakwunye na ikpuchi ọnụ, a na-atụkwa aro ile anya n'ala iji gbanwee ntụziaka nke mmiri na-agbasa ma zere itinye uche dị elu na nke iku ume mmadụ di elu. Ọrụ nke isi uzere bụ ịchụpụ ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ nwere ihe ndị ọzọ maọbụ ihe na-akpasu iwe ma sachaa oghere imi. N'oge akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ, ọnụ dị nro na uvula palatine na-agbadata mgbe azụ ire na-ebuli elu iji mechie ụzọ na-aga n'ọnụ, na-emepụta venturi (dịka carburetor) n'ihi Ụkpụrụ Bernoulli ka ikuku si n'akpa ume wee mee ka ikuku na-agafe n'ọnụ ma si otú a na-emepụta ebe nrụgide dị ala n'azụ imi. N'ụzọ a, a na-amanye ikuku ịbanye n'ihu imi ma na-ewepụ mmiri na mmetọ ndị a chụpụrụ n'ọnụ. Ịze uzere mgbe ọnụ mechero emechi na-ewepụ mmiri site n'imi mana anaghị anabata ya n'ihi na ọ na-emepụta nrụgide dị elu n'isi ma nwee ike imerụ ahụ. == Nkọwa == Mmetụta nke izi uzere bụ usoro abụọ na-agụnye ụzọ akwara afferent nakwazi efferent. Ụzọ afferent bụ akụkụ mmetụta, ebe mkpali nke akwara mmetụta pụrụ iche a na-akpọ pruriceptors na mucosa iku ume nke nasopharynx maọbụ nke a na akpọ paranasal sinuses site na kemịkal maọbụ ihe na-akpasu iwe na-emepụta mgbaàmà nke a na-ebufe site na akwara trigeminal gaa na ụbụrụ. Ụzọ efferent bụ akụkụ motor, ebe akụkụ isi medulla oblongata na-eziga mgbaàmà site na akwara motor na ọtụtụ ìgwè uru ahụ dị iche iche n'ahụ dum iji mee ka ikuku na-iwepụ ewepụ, na mgbalị iwepụ ihe na-emebi ihe. Mpaghara akwara ndị na-emetụta ntụgharị ize uzere dị na ụbụrụ n'akụkụ ventromedial nke spinal trigeminal nucleus na nhazi reticular dị n'akụkụ. Mpaghara a yiri ka ọ na-achịkwa uru ahụ pharyngeal, laryngeal, respiratory, na abdominal; ọrụ jikọtara uru ahụ ndị a na-eje ozi dịka akụkụ mmegharị nke izi uzere.<ref name="Nonaka1990">{{Cite journal|title=Sneeze-evoking region within the brainstem|journal=Brain Research|volume=511|issue=2|pages=265–270|year=1990|pmid=2139800|doi=10.1016/0006-8993(90)90171-7}}</ref> Akụkụ mmegharị nke mmeghachi ize uzere na-agụnye ikuba ume na akụkụ ikufụ ume. N'oge iku ume, diaphragm na intercostal muscle na-agbakọta iji dọta nnukwu ikuku n'ime akpa ume. Nke a na-esochi oge iku ume, mgbe uru ahụ nke afọ na obi na-agbakọta n'ike iji kpochie akpa ume, na-amanye ikuku pụọ na mgbawa siri ike. Mkpịsị aka nke anya na-agbakọta n'amaghị ama n'oge nke ahụ, na-amanye ka anya nwee ike mechie. Ọ bụ ezie na anya anyị na-emechi n’aka onwe ya n'ihi mmeghachi omume na-enweghị isi n'oge ize uzere, aro a na-ahụkarị na ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịze uzere na anya gị mepee emepe ezighị ezi.<ref name="Holohan2013">{{Cite news|author=Holohan|first=Meghan|title=The eye-popping truth about why we close our eyes when we sneeze|date=12 April 2013|publisher=NBCNews.com|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/healthmain/eye-popping-truth-about-why-we-close-our-eyes-when-1c9321739|accessdate=1 November 2025}}</ref> Ize uzere enweghị ike ime n'oge ụra n'ihi REM atonia - ọnọdụ ahụ ebe a na-adịghị akpali akwara na-adịghị ebuga na ụbụrụ. Otú ọ dị, ihe ndị na-akpali akpali zuru oke n'èzí nwere ike ime ka mmadụ teta n'ụra wee zee uzere, mana ize uzere ụkwara ọ bụla na-eme mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ga-ewere ọnọdụ na ọnọdụ dịkariri ala.<ref name="Glass2019">{{Cite web|author=Glass|first=Don|title=Sleep On, Sneeze Not|work=A Moment of Science|publisher=Indiana Public Media|url=http://indianapublicmedia.org/amomentofscience/sleep-on-sneeze-not|accessdate=1 November 2025}}</ref> Ewezuga ịkpasu ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị ọzọ iwe, allergies maọbụ ọrịa nwere ike ime, ihe ọzọ na-akpali akpali bụ ikpughe ọkụ na-egbuke egbuke na mberede - ọnọdụ a maara dịka photic sneeze reflex (PSR). Ịga ije site n'ụlọ gbara ọchịchịrị banye n'ìhè anyanwụ, nwere ike ịkpata ọrịa PSR, maọbụ ACHOO (Autosomal dominant compulsive helio-ophthalmic outbursts of sneezing n’olu oyibo) dịka a na-akpọkwa ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20150623-why-looking-at-the-light-makes-us-sneeze|title=Why looking at the sun makes us sneeze.|author=Goldman|first=Jason G.|date=24 June 2015|work=BBC Future|publisher=BBC|accessdate=October 14, 2016}}</ref> Omume ịze uzere mgbe a na-ahụ ìhè na-egbuke egbuke bụ àgwà na-achịkwa onwe ya ma na-emetụta pacentị iri na asatọ ruo pacentị iri ato na ise nke ndị mmadụ.<ref name="Breitenbach_1993">{{Cite journal|title=The photic sneeze reflex as a risk factor to combat pilots|journal=Military Medicine|volume=158|issue=12|pages=806–809|year=1993|pmid=8108024|doi=10.1093/milmed/158.12.806}}</ref> Ihe na-adịghị ahụkebe, nke a na-ahụ n'ime ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ, bụ afọ jupụtara ozugbo ha risịrị nri buru ibu. A maara nke a dịka snatiation ma hụkwazie ya dịka nsogbu ahụike nke a na-agafe site na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa dịka àgwà na-achịkwa autosomal.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Teebi|first=A S|year=1989|title=Autosomal dominant sneezing disorder provoked by fullness of stomach.|journal=Journal of Medical Genetics|volume=26|issue=8|pages=539–540|doi=10.1136/jmg.26.8.539|pmid=2769729}}</ref> == Ọrịa na-efe efe == [[Faịlụ:7-_to_8-meter-long_turbulent_multiphase_plume_from_a_human_sneeze.jpg|thumb|7-to-8-meter-ogologo (23 to 26 turbulent multiphase plume site na ize uzere mmadụ.]] Enwere ike ibute ọrịa ụfọdụ na-efe efe site na mmiri iku ume na [[Aerosol|aerosols]] nke ịze uzere mepụtara. Ize uzere nwere ike ịmepụta mmiri puku iri anọ, <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Characterization of infectious aerosols in health care facilities: an aid to effective engineering controls and preventive strategies|journal=American Journal of Infection Control|volume=26|issue=4|pages=453–464|year=1998|pmid=9721404|doi=10.1016/S0196-6553(98)70046-X}}</ref> na nha nke na-adịkarị site na 0.5 wee ruo 5μm). Iji belata ohere nke ịgbasa ọrịa (dịka ahụ ọkụ), mmadụ na-ejide ogwe aka, n'ime ogwe aka ya, anụ ahụ maọbụ akwa aka n'ihu ọnụ ya na imi ya mgbe ọ na-eze uzere. Iji aka mmadụ maka ebumnuche ahụ adaala n'oge na-adịbeghị anya <ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/CtnEwvUWDo0 Ghostarchive] and the {{Cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtnEwvUWDo0&gl=US&hl=en|title=Why Don't We Do It In Our Sleeves|author=Central Maine Medical Center|work=CoughSafe|date=7 March 2012|publisher=CMMC, St. Mary's Hospital, Maine Medical Association|accessdate=17 October 2016|archivedate=30 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730085552/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtnEwvUWDo0&gl=US&hl=en}}: {{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtnEwvUWDo0|title=Why Don't We Do It In Our Sleeves|author=Central Maine Medical Center|work=CoughSafe|date=7 March 2012|publisher=CMMC, St. Mary's Hospital, Maine Medical Association|accessdate=17 October 2016}}</ref> n'ihi na a na-ewere ya dịka ihe na-ekwesịghị ekwesị, ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-akwalite ịgbasa nje site na mmetụta mmadụ (dịka Ịmakụ aka) maọbụ site na ihe ndị a na-emetụtakarị (karịsịa ọnụ ụzọ). Ruo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a hụrụ ebe kachasị anya nke ize uzere fepers (maọbụ puffs) na-aga na 0.6 mita (2.0 ft) , na ọsọ kachasị elu nke ize uzere nwetara bụ 4.5m / s (ihe dịka 10mph). <ref name="Tang_2013">{{Cite journal|title=Airflow dynamics of human jets: sneezing and breathing - potential sources of infectious aerosols|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=8|issue=4|year=2013|pmid=23560060|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0059970}}</ref> N'oge afọ 2020, e dekọrọ ize uzere nkụ na-emepụta ábụ́bà ruru mita asatọ (ft iri abụọ na isii). <ref name="aerosols">{{Cite journal|author=Sommerstein|first=R|title=Risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission by aerosols, the rational use of masks, and protection of healthcare workers from COVID-19.|journal=Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control|year=2020|volume=9|issue=1|doi=10.1186/s13756-020-00763-0|pmid=32631450}}</ref> == Mgbochi == [[Faịlụ:Coughs_and_Sneezes_Spread_Diseases_Art.IWMPST14133.jpg|thumb|A na-ekpuchi ize uzere site na akwa maọbụ ogwe aka]] Ụzọ ndị a nwapụtara iji belata nsị n'ozuzu ha na-akwado ibelata mmekọrịta na ihe na-akpasu iwe, dịka idebe anụ ụlọ n'ụlọ iji zere ịnyagharị anụmanụ; ijide n'aka na a ga-ewepụ unyi na uzuzu n'oge na-aga n'ihu site na idebe ụlọ kwesịrị ekwesị; dochie nzacha maka ọkụ na ikuku na humidifiers; na ịnọ n'ebe dị anya ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na mpaghara ọrụ ugbo. Iji ire na-akpụchasị elu ọnụ nwere ike ịkwụsị ize uzere.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Laurie L. Dove|title=Why does tickling the roof of your mouth with your tongue stifle a sneeze|publisher=HowStuffWorks.com.|year=2015|url=https://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/nose-throat/why-does-tickling-roof-mouth-with-tongue-stifle-sneeze.htm}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ ndị na-ahụ na ize uzere dị ụtọ ma ha agaghị achọ igbochi ha.<ref name="Adkinson2013">{{Cite book|author=Adkinson NF Jr.|title=Middleton's Allergy: Principles and Practice|edition=6|chapter=Phytomedicine|publisher=Mosby|location=|year=2003|isbn=978-0-323-01425-0}}</ref> A naghị akwado ijide onwe gị n'imi, dịka site na ịpị imi maọbụ ijide ume mmadụ, dịka ikuku na-etinye nrụgide na-enweghị isi na akpa Pa ume na ụzọ ikuku.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Setzen|first=Sean|year=2019|title=The Dangers of Sneezing: A Review of Injuries|journal=American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy|volume=33|issue=3|pages=331–337|doi=10.1177/1945892418823147|pmid=30616365}}</ref> Otu ihe ngosi kọmputa na-atụ aro ijide uzere na-eme ka ikuku ahụ nke 39 k Pa, ihe dịka okpukpu iri abụọ na anọ karịa nke uzere nkiti.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Rahiminejad|first=Mohammad|year=2016|title=Computer Simulations of Pressure and Velocity fields in Human Upper Airway during Sneezing|journal=Computers in Biology and Medicine|volume=71|issue=71|pages=115–127|doi=10.1016/j.compbiomed.2016.01.022|pmid=26914240}}</ref> N'oge afọ nke 1884, onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị dị ndụ bụ Henry Walter Bates kọwara mmetụta nke ize uzere (Bates H.W. oge afọ 1881-wee ruo 84. Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta. Ọ chọpụtara na ndị mmadụ nwere ike ịze uzere naanị mgbe ha chere na ha na-achịkwa gburugburu ha niile. N'ihi ya, o kwubiri na ndị mmadụ enweghị ike ịze uzere n'ọchịchịrị. Otú ọ dị, e mesịrị wee gbaghaa echiche nke a. == Omenaala == [[Faịlụ:Fred_Ott's_Sneeze_(1894).webm|alt=video of a man sneezing from 1894|thumb|''Fred Ott's Sneeze'', n’oge afọ 1894, ihe nkiri nke abụọ kacha ochie dị ndụ nwere ikike nwebisiinka.]] Na mba nke Gris oge ochie, a kwenyere na ize uzere bụ ihe ịrịba ama amụma sitere n'aka chi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n’oge afọ 401 BC, mgbe ọchịagha obodo Atens nke bụ Xenophon kwuru okwu na-agba ndị agha ibe ya ume ịlụso ndị Peshia ọgụ, otu onye agha ji ize uzere mesie nkwubi okwu ya ike. N'iche na uzere a bụ ihe ịrịba ama dị mma sitere n'aka chi, ndị agha nwere obi ụtọ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Xenophon|title=Anabasis}}</ref> Ihe atụ ọzọ na-eme na akụkọ Odysseus. Nwunye ya aha ya bụ Penelope, mgbe ọ nụrụ na Odysseus nwere ike ka dị ndụ, kwuru na ya na nwa ya nwoke ga-abọ ọbọ n'ahụ ndị na-achọ ịlụ ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ laghachi. N'oge ahụ, nwa ha nwoke zere uzere n'olu dara ụda, nke mesiri Penelope obi ike na ọ bụ ihe ịrịba ama sitere n'aka nke chi (Odyssey 17: oge afọ 541- wee ruo 550). O nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi na nkwenye a dịgidere ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ, na n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ndi mba Gris n’oge ugbu a, mgbe mmadụ na-ekwusi ike na onye na-ege ntị na-eze uzere ozugbo na njedebe nke nkwupụta ahụ, onye mbụ na-azaghachi "ngọzi diri gị na kwa m na-ekwu eziokwu", maọbụ "n'efu gị na ebe a bụ eziokwu" ("γεια σου__wol____wol____wol__", ''Ya sou ki alithia leo'', maọbụ"γεια σου και να__ , ya sou ke na ki i alithia). A na-agbaso omume yiri nke ahụ na obodo India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sikhchic.com/sikhing_answers/why_do_we_say_waheguru_every_time_we_sneeze_sikhing_answers_v|title=Why Do We Say "Waheguru!" Every Time We Sneeze?|work=Sikhing Answers – V}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiastudychannel.com/forum/134162-Why-do-we-say-this-when-a-person-sneezes-or-hiccups.aspx|title=Why do we say this when a person sneezes or hiccups?|work=India Study Channel|date=24 January 2015}}</ref> Ọ bụrụ na onye mere nkwupụta na-edochaghị anya na asụsụ Flemish, maọbụ ụfọdụ onye na-ege ntị na-ezu uzere, mgbe otu n'ime ndị na-ege ya ntị ga-ekwu "'t is beniesd", n'ụzọ nkịtị pụtara na "Ọ na-eme mkpọtụ", dịka a ga-asị na ọ bụ ihe akaebe nke eziokwu - na-echeta omume nkwenkwe ụgha ochie a, na-enweghị obi abụọ maọbụ na-ezube nkwenye n'ezie, mana na-arịọ mgbaghara ọ bụla site na onye na-ezu uzere ahụ enweghị isi maka nkwụsịtụ ahụ ka a na-anabata site na-ana.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Volledig Dichtwerk|language=fy|year=1999|publisher=Lannoo Uitgeverij|isbn=978-90-209-3510-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sP9ySIDdZ-cC&pg=PA1060}}</ref> Na mba Yuropu, ọkachasị n'oge mmalite nke Oge Etiti, e kwenyere na ndụ mmadụ jikọtara ya na ume mmadụ - nkwenye nke gosipụtara n'okwu ahụ bụ "ịgwụ" (nke pụtara na mbụ "iku ume") na-enweta ihe ọzọ pụtara "ịbịa ná njedebe" ma ọ bụ "ịnwụ". Njikọ a, tinyere nnukwu ume a na-achụpụ n'ahụ mgbe a na-ezi uzere, o yikarịrị ka ndị mmadụ kwenyere na izu uzere nwere ike ibute ọnwụ ngwa ngwa. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2007)">Ntụaka dị mkpa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> Echiche dị otu a nwere ike ịkọwa ihe kpatara okwu Bekee ọdịnaala, "Chineke gọzie gị", na nzaghachi maka ịze uzere, nke mmalite ya edoghị anya kpamkpam. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Sir Raymond Henry Payne Crawfurd, onye na-edeba aha nke Royal College of Physicians, n'akwụkwọ ya nke oge afọ 1909, "Ụbọchị Ikpeazụ nke Charles nke Abụọ ", na-ekwu na, mgbe eze ahụ na-ese okwu nọ n'elu akwa ọnwụ ya, ndị dọkịnta ya nyere ngwakọta nke cowslips na ihe a na-esi na ihe pụtara na ammonia iji kwalite ịsụ ude. <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Rhinology and laryngology in literature and Folk-Lore|journal=The Journal of Laryngology & Otology|volume=42|issue=2|pages=81–87|year=1927|doi=10.1017/S0022215100029959}}</ref> Agbanyeghị, a maghị ma e mere nkwalite ịze uzere a iji mee ka ọnwụ ya dị ngwa (dịka ''ọchịchị aka ike'' ) maọbụ dịka mgbalị ikpeazụ maka ọgwụgwọ nke ya. In certain parts of East Asia, particularly in Chinese culture, Korean culture, Japanese culture and Vietnamese culture, a sneeze without an obvious cause was generally perceived as a sign that someone was talking about the sneezer at that very moment. This can be seen in the ''Book of Songs'' (a collection of Chinese poems)<ref>{{Cite book|quote=If you speak insomnia, you will sneeze.|language=zh}}</ref> in ancient China as early as 1000 BC, and in Japan this belief is still depicted in present-day manga and anime. In [[China]], Vietnam, South Korea, and [[Japan]], for instance, there is a superstition that if talking behind someone's back causes the person being talked about to sneeze; as such, the sneezer can tell if something good is being said (one sneeze), someone is thinking about you (two sneezes in a row), even if someone is in love with you (three sneezes in a row) or if this is a sign that they are about to catch a cold (multiple sneezes). <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Parallel beliefs are known to exist around the world, particularly in contemporary Greek, Slavic, Celtic, English, French, and Indian cultures. Similarly, in Nepal, sneezers are believed to be remembered by someone at that particular moment. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> N'asụsụ Bekee, a na-edekarị ya bụ onomatopoeia maka ịze uzere dika 'achoo' ma ọ dịka nke ọdịbendị dị iche iche.<ref>{{Cite web|date=18 August 2020|title=Where Did The Word "Achoo" Come From?|url=https://www.dictionary.com/e/achoo-god-bless-you-sneeze/|accessdate=2021-10-11|work=Dictionary.com}}</ref> Na Omenaala India, ọkachasị n'akụkụ ugwu nke obodo India, omenala ndi Bengali (Bangladesh na Bengal nke ndi India) nakwa na mba Iran, ọ bụ nkwenkwe ụgha a na-ahụkarị na ize uzere na-eme tupu mmalite nke ọrụ ọ bụla bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke nkwụsịtụ ọjọọ na-abịanụ. Ya mere, ọ bụ omenala ịkwụsị iji ṅụọ mmiri maọbụ mebie usoro ọrụ ọ bụla tupu ịmaliteghachi ọrụ iji gbochie ọdachi ọ bụla ime. N'Omenala ndị Poland, ọkachasị na ókèala obodo Kresy Wschodnie, nkwenye a ma ama na-aga n'ihu na ize uzere nwere ike ịbụ ihe ịrịba ama na-adịghị mma na, dabere na nsụgharị mpaghara, maọbụ onye a na-akọwaghị aha maọbụ nne di na-ekwu okwu ọjọọ banyere onye ahụ na-ize uzere n'oge ahụ. Otú ọ dị, na mpaghara ndị ọzọ, nkwenkwe ụgha a na-emetụta hiccups kama ịze uzere. Dịka ọ dị na mba ndị ọzọ Katọlik, dịka mba Mexico, Ịtali, maọbụ Ireland, a na-akwalite ihe ndị fọdụrụ n'omenala ndị ọgọ mmụọ na nkwenkwe ụgha nke ndị ọrụ ugbo ndi mba Poland. Omume ahụ n'etiti ọdịbendị nke ndi n’ekpe Alakụba, n'aka nke ya, dabere n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na ọdịnala amụma dị iche iche na ozizi nke [[Muhammad]]. Ihe atụ nke a bụ akụkọ Al-Bukhaari <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sunnah.com/bukhari/78/248|work=Sunnah.com|first=Sahih Al|author=Bukhari|title=When somebody sneezes, what should be said?}}</ref> sitere na Abu Hurayrah nke ya bụ Muhammad kwuru n'otu oge:<blockquote>''Mgbe otu n'ime unu na-eze uzere ka ọ kwuo, "Al-hamdu-Lillah"'' (Too Chineke), ka nwanne ya nwoke maọbụ onye ibe ya kwuo ya, "Yarhamuk Allah" (Ka Chineke meere gị ebere). ''Ọ bụrụ na ọ sị, "Yarhamuk-Allah", mgbe ahụ ka [onye na-eze uzere] kwuo, "Yahdeekum Allah wa yuslihu baalakum"'' (Ka Chineke duzie gị ma dozie ọnọdụ gị).''.''</blockquote> === Nzaghachi okwu === Na mba ndị na-asụ Bekee, otu nzaghachi a na-ahụkarị maka ụzere onye ọzọ bụ "[Ka [[God|Chineke]]] gọzie gị". Ọbụna na "Chineke", onye na-enweghị ebumnuche okpukpe nwere ike ikwu nkwupụta ahụ. Nzaghachi ọzọ, nke a na-adịghị ahụkebe, na mba United States na Canada maka ịsụ ngọngọ nke onye ọzọ bụkwa "Gesundheit", nke bụ okwu nke German nke pụtara, n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị, 'ahụike', ọ bụkwa nzaghachi okwu ọdịnala ndi mba German maka onye dị nso na-eze uzere. E nwere ọtụtụ echiche maka ihe mere omenaala nke ịsị "gọzie gị" maọbụ "Chineke gozie gi" n'ihe gbasara ịze uzere: * Ụfọdụ na-ekwu na a malitere iji ya mee ihe n'oge ọrịa na-efe efe nke narị afọ nke iri na anọ. A na-eche na ịgọzi onye ahụ mgbe ọ gosipụtara mgbaàmà dị otú ahụ iji gbochie ọnwụ na-abịanụ n'ihi ọrịa na-egbu egbu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/scitech/mysteries/sneeze.html|title=Does your heart stop when you sneeze?|work=Everyday Mysteries: Fun Science Facts|publisher=The Library of Congress}}</ref> * N'oge Renaissance, e guzobere nkwenkwe ụgha na-ekwu na obi mmadụ kwụsịrị maka oge dị mkpirikpi n'oge akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ; ikwu na ngọzi gị bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke ekpere na obi agaghị ada.<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 July 2011|title='Bless you': Social convention or theological statement? {{!}} UU World Magazine|url=https://www.uuworld.org/articles/bless-you|accessdate=2023-08-25|work=www.uuworld.org}}</ref> == Mmekọahụ == Ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ nwere ike ịze uzere n'oge mmalite nke mkpali mmekọahụ. Ndị dọkịnta na-eche na ihe omume nke ahụ nwere ike ibilite site na ikpe nke wires gafere na usoro akwara nke onwe ya, nke na-achịkwa ọtụtụ ọrụ n'ime ahụ, gụnyere, ma ọ bụghị nanị, ịkpali akụkụ ahụ nwoke na nke nwanyị n'oge mkpali mmekọahụ. N'imi, dịka akụkụ ahụ e ji enwe mmekọahụ, nwere anụ ahụ nkeni.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Sneezing induced by sexual ideation or orgasm: an under-reported phenomenon|journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine|volume=101|issue=12|pages=587–591|year=2008|pmid=19092028|doi=10.1258/jrsm.2008.080262}}</ref> Ihe omume a nwere ike ịkwadebe Akụkụ vomeronasal maka nchọpụta nke ihe ndi oyibo kpọrọ pheromones.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The physiological and pathological relations between the nose and the sexual apparatus of man.|journal=The Journal of Laryngology, Rhinology, and Otology|volume=13|issue=3|pages=109–123|author=Mackenzie|first=John|doi=10.1017/S1755146300166016|year=1898|url=https://zenodo.org/record/2200945}}</ref> A na-eji ize uzere tụnyere Orgasm, ebe ọ bụ na ma orgasms na mmeghachi omume ize uzere na-agụnye ịze uzere, ịgbatị ahụ, nrụgide na ntọhapụ.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Nicholas|author=Gerbis|url=https://www.livescience.com/34337-sneezing-like-orgasm.html|title=Is Sneezing Really Like an Orgasm?|work=[[LiveScience]]|date=28 November 2012}}</ref> N'okwu a, ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara mmekọahụ Vanessa Thompson nke Mahadum obodo Sydney na-ekwu, "Ize uzere na orgasms na-emepụta kemịkalụ dị mma a na-akpọ endorphins mana ọnụọgụ nke ize uzere na-emepụta dị obere karịa orgasm. "<ref>{{Cite web|first=Peter|author=Terlato|date=1 June 2015|url=https://www.businessinsider.com.au/we-asked-a-sexologist-if-the-theory-about-sneezing-and-orgasms-was-true-heres-what-she-said-2015-6|title=We asked a sexologist if the theory about sneezing and orgasms was true – here's what she said|work=[[Business Insider]]|accessdate=23 March 2019|archivedate=23 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323030647/https://www.businessinsider.com.au/we-asked-a-sexologist-if-the-theory-about-sneezing-and-orgasms-was-true-heres-what-she-said-2015-6}}</ref> == N'ime anụmanụ ndị ọzọ == [[Faịlụ:Sneezing_zebra.jpg|thumb|[[Zebra]] n’ezi uzere]] Ize uzere abụghị naanị ụmụ mmadụ maọbụ ọbụna ụmụ anụmanụ na-enye nwa ara. Ọtụtụ ụmụ anụmanụ gụnyere nwamba, nkịta, ọkụkọ na iguana na-eji ize uzere akpa nkata.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pets.webmd.com/cats/why-cats-sneeze|title=Why Cats Sneeze|work=WebMD}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vetstreet.com/care/my-pet-is-sneezing-and-snorting-whats-going-on|title=My Pet Is Sneezing and Snorting. What's Going On?|date=19 September 2011|work=Vet Street}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.keepingchickens.com/why-is-my-chicken-sneezing/|title=Why is my Chicken Sneezing?|accessdate=2015-04-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150517002223/http://www.keepingchickens.com/why-is-my-chicken-sneezing/|archivedate=2015-05-17|work=Keeping Chickens}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|first=Melissa|author=Kaplan|date=1 January 2014|url=http://www.anapsid.org/sneeze.html|title=Sneezing and Yawning|work=Herp Care Collection}}</ref> Nkịta ọhịa ndị mba Afrịka na-eji ịze uzere dịka ụdị nkwurịta okwu, ọkachasị mgbe ị na-atụle nkwekọrịta n'ime ìgwè ma ị ga-achụ nta maọbụ na ị gaghị.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Lycaon pictus) use variable quorum thresholds facilitated by sneezes in collective decisions|journal=Proceedings. Biological Sciences|volume=284|issue=1862|year=2017|pmid=28878054|doi=10.1098/rspb.2017.0347}}</ref> Ụdị nkịta ụfọdụ na-enwekarị uzere. == Hụkwazie == * Ịkụ ụkwara * Ọrịa Rhinitis * Mkpọrọ * Sniffle == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == {{refbegin}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a2_304.html|first=Cecil|last=Adams|year=1987|title=If you hold your eyelids open while sneezing, will your eyes pop out?|work=The Straight Dope}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.snopes.com/language/phrases/blessyou.htm|first=Barbara|last=Mikkelson|year=2001|title=Bless You!|work=Urban Legends Reference Pages}} * {{cite web|url=http://madsci.org/posts/archives/aug97/865380242.Me.r.html|first=Tom|last=Wilson|year=1997|title=Why do we sneeze when we look at the sun?|work=MadSci Network|accessdate=2026-05-09|archivedate=2010-12-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229000540/http://madsci.org/posts/archives/aug97/865380242.Me.r.html}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthursclassicnovels.com/sheckley/protect10.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100516145519/http://arthursclassicnovels.com/sheckley/protect10.html|url-status=usurped|archive-date=May 16, 2010|first=Robert|last=Sheckley|year=1956|title="Protection," a short story about sneezing}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/eng/osc/osc60.htm|title=The Origins of Popular Superstitions and Customs|first=T. Sharper|last=Knowlson|year=1910}} a book that listed many superstitions and customs that are still common today. * {{cite web|url=http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/Sat/Topics/ColdsAndFlu.aspx?Host=Nhsd&SyndicationPartnerGuid=d19370ea-a100-407d-9695-b73407f701c7&TopicGuid=8c903315-a302-412a-bfae-9cb576d4b4cd|title=Cold and flu advice|work=NHS Direct|access-date=2009-05-06|archive-date=2010-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100105095125/http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/Sat/Topics/ColdsAndFlu.aspx?Host=Nhsd&SyndicationPartnerGuid=d19370ea-a100-407d-9695-b73407f701c7&TopicGuid=8c903315-a302-412a-bfae-9cb576d4b4cd}} * {{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5435812|title=Ancient Sneezing: A Gift from the Gods|first=Elaine|last=Fantham|author-link=Elaine Fantham|work=[[Princeton University|Princeton]]|publisher=[[NPR]] Radio}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2004/06/15/why_do_my_eyes_close_every_time_i_sneeze/|title=Why do my eyes close every time I sneeze?|vauthors=Sherborn MG|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|date=15 June 2004}} {{refend}} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}}{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 70kd5fhjmaummfowdcb5j4ua4by81yb 0 75415 638115 632606 2026-05-16T19:40:49Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324904155|Mohammed Usman (footballer, born 1980)]]" 638115 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammed Usman Edu''' (amụrụ na June 12, 1980) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ. Ọ na-egwuri egwu maka Kwara United F.C. nke [[Ilorin]]. == Ọrụ == A na-akpọ ya 'Smart', Usman si [[Okene]] nke Okene mpaghara gọọmentị nke Kogi Steeti, ọ na-ele anya igwu bọọlụ ọkachamara na mba ofesi. Ọ gbara bọọlụ n'ụlọ ọrụ Julius Berger F.C. nke Lagos ebe o meriri ọkwa nke atọ na Coca-Cola FA Cup n'oge 2001/2002. Ọ gbara ihe karịrị otu oge na 2004 maka Jigawa Golden Stars. wee bịanye aka na Febụwarị 2005 maka Kwara United F.C. == Edemsibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2zrthroxlfvfwcmedjt4r6i49m7ixyg 0 75515 638125 632801 2026-05-16T20:33:31Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638125 wikitext text/x-wiki   Ève Paul-Margueritte (5 Febụwarị 1885 - 16 Julaị 1971) bụ onye edemede asụsụ French, onye dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ mmetụta uche. Mgbe di ya nwụrụ, nwanne ya nwanyị, Lucie Paul-Margueritte, agbaala alụkwaghịm, ha bi ma rụkọọ ọrụ ọnụ, na-ede ma ọ dịkarịa ala akwụkwọ abụọ, na ọtụtụ nsụgharị. Ọ sụgharịrị akwụkwọ Bekee gaa na French nke Alice na Claude Askew, Thomas Hardy, E. Phillips Oppenheim, Garrett P. Serviss, Bram Stoker Lilian Turner, Paul Urquhart, na A. M. Williamson dere. Paul-Margueritte bụ onye natara "Prix Jean-Jacques-Berger", maka Auteuil et Passy, ​​1947, na "Prix Georges-Dupau", 1950, site na Académie Française. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Ève Antonie Paul-Margueritte <ref name="0-myheritage" /> na 5 Febụwarị 1885, na 6th arrondissement nke Paris. <ref name="1-acte" /> Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke Paul Margueritte, nwa nwanne Victor Margueritte. Na 1919, ọ lụrụ Charles Gaucher (1877-1927).<ref name="0-myheritage">{{Cite web|title=Charles Joseph GAUCHER, 1877 - 1927|url=https://www.myheritage.com/names/charles_gaucher|work=www.myheritage.com|accessdate=17 January 2022}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.myheritage.com/names/charles_gaucher "Charles Joseph GAUCHER, 1877 - 1927"]. ''www.myheritage.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="2-deuxfreres">{{Cite book|author=Paul-Margueritte|first=Ève|title=Deux frères, deux soeurs: deux époques littéraires|date=1951|publisher=J. Peyronnet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v6FDAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=17 January 2022|language=fr}}</ref><ref name="3-lefigaro">{{Cite web|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148//bpt6k292214k/f3|title=Le Figaro|accessdate=17 January 2022|date=31 July 1919}}</ref> Mgbe Ève nwụsịrị, Lucie agbaa alụkwaghịm, ụmụnne nwanyị ahụ bikọrọ ọnụ, zụlitere nwa nwoke nke mbụ ahụ ma bie ndụ site n'ihe odide ha.<ref name="2-mamelouk-2008">{{Cite book|author=Mamelouk|first=Nadia Nadja|title=Anxiety in the Border Zone: Transgressing Boundaries in Leïla: Revue Illustrée de la Femme (Tunis, 1936-1940) and in Leïla: Hebdomadaire Tunisien Indépendant (Tunis, 1940-1941)|date=2008|publisher=University of Virginia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RwmsZwEACAAJ|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=en}}</ref> Ya na Lucie, Paul-Margueritte sụgharịrị ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Bekee, gụnyere Dracula nke Bram Stoker <ref name="evewasonlyQ">{{Cite book|author=Stoker|first=Bram|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UCRIwgEACAAJ|title=Dracula: l'homme de la nuit|date=1920|publisher=Edition française|language=fr}}</ref> na ndị ọzọ nke Thomas Hardy na Alice Muriel Williamson. Ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ ahụ bụ ndị otu nri mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị, "Club des belles perdrix".<ref name="4-lesrecetles-1930">{{Cite book|title=Les recettes des "Belles Perdrix" / recueillies par Gabrielle Reval et Maria Croci|date=1930|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9774320g/f50|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=fr}}</ref> Ève Paul-Margueritte nwụrụ na Limeil-Brévannes, na 16 Julaị 1971, <ref name="1-acte">{{Cite web|title=Acte de naissance (no. 354)|url=http://canadp-archivesenligne.paris.fr/archives_etat_civil/1860_1902_actes/aec_visu_img.php?registre=V4E_05851&type=AEC&&bdd_en_cours=actes_ec_1883_1892&vue_tranche_debut=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&vue_tranche_fin=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&ref_histo=2178&cote=V4E%205851|publisher=Archives de Paris (6e)|accessdate=17 January 2022|language=fr|date=1885|archivedate=3 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303173203/http://canadp-archivesenligne.paris.fr/archives_etat_civil/1860_1902_actes/aec_visu_img.php?registre=V4E_05851&type=AEC&&bdd_en_cours=actes_ec_1883_1892&vue_tranche_debut=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&vue_tranche_fin=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&ref_histo=2178&cote=V4E%205851}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303173203/http://canadp-archivesenligne.paris.fr/archives_etat_civil/1860_1902_actes/aec_visu_img.php?registre=V4E_05851&type=AEC&&bdd_en_cours=actes_ec_1883_1892&vue_tranche_debut=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&vue_tranche_fin=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&ref_histo=2178&cote=V4E%205851 "Acte de naissance (no. 354)"] (in French). Archives de Paris (6e). 1885<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> ma lie ya, ya na nwanne ya nwanyị, na Cimetière d'Auteuil. <ref name="5-landrucimetieres">{{Cite web|title=cimetière d'AUTEUIL|url=http://www.landrucimetieres.fr/spip/spip.php?article1544|work=www.landrucimetieres.fr|publisher=Cimetières de France et d'ailleurs|accessdate=17 January 2022|date=21 July 2008}}</ref> == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == * 1947, Prix Jean-Jacques-Berger, maka ''Auteuil na Passy''<ref name="7-prixjean">{{Cite web|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1947|publisher=Académie française|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1947|work=francaise.fr|language=fr}}</ref> * 1950, Prix Georges-Dupau site na Académie Française <ref name="8-prixgeorges">{{Cite web|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1950 /|publisher=Académie française|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1950|work=francaise.fr|language=fr}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ == === Akwụkwọ === [[Faịlụ:Auteuil_et_Passy_1947_by_Eve_and_Lucie_Paul-Marguerite.jpg|thumb|''Auteuil na Passy'', 1947]] <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" />  === Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi === * "La Prison blanche" (1917), na Collection Stella, no. 172; pụtara nke mbụ na L'Écho de Paris (1915) * "L'Énigmatique Marielle" (1933), na Les Beaux Romans dramatiques, nke 67 * "Coup double" (1941), na Collection Stella, nr. 516 * "Le Secret d'une vendetta" (1941), na Collection Stella, nr. 502 === Nsụgharị === <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" /> == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|30em}} b7fuzsm9fptvsjaonqspamteb8l5z21 0 75535 638105 632830 2026-05-16T16:48:31Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638105 wikitext text/x-wiki   Isaac Success Ajayi (amụrụ na 7 Jenụwarị 1996) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu. Ọ bụ onye nweere onwe ya ugbu a. == Mbido na ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Isaac Success Ajayi na 7 Jenụwarị 1996 na Benin City, Nigeria. Ọ malitere ọrụ bọọlụ ya na otu ndị ntorobịa BJ Foundation Academy, ma na-apụta mgbe niile maka otu ahụ dị ka onye na-eto eto. == Ọrụ klọb == N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2013, Success bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta tupu nkwekọrịta ya na otu Udinese nke Ịtali, nke ga-amalite site na Jenụwarị afọ 2014, maka ego € 400,000. Otú ọ dị, e nyere ya ikike ịrụ ọrụ na Machị nke afọ sochirinụ, wee sonye na klọb Granada nke Spain ozugbo, a na-ekenye ya na Segunda División B. Na 31 August 2014, Ịga nke Ọma mere egwuregwu mbụ ya, malite na 1-1 pụọ megide Elche mgbe ọ dị afọ 18 na ọnwa asaa, [1] bụ onye ọkpụkpọ ha nke ikpeazụ ga-apụta na egwuregwu La Liga. Ọ gbara ihe mgbaru ọsọ ọkachamara mbụ ya na 7 Disemba, na-etinye naanị otu egwuregwu n'akụkụ ya na Valencia, maka otu akara ahụ. Na 7 August 2015, Ịga nke Ọma agbatịkwu nkwekọrịta ya na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, bịanyere aka na afọ anọ ruo 2019 ma mesịa kwalite ya na ndị isi. N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2016, Success kwetara na ya na ndị otu egwuregwu Premier League nke England bụ Watford ga-enwe nkwekọrịta afọ ise na ego a na-akwụ maka nnyefe, nke e mere atụmatụ na ọ bụ £ 12.5 nde site na Granada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.watfordfc.com/news/article/2016-17/isaac-success-watford-fc-granada-premier-league-3160681.aspx|work=Watford F.C.|publisher=Club Journalist|accessdate=1 July 2016|title=Official: Isaac Success joins Watford FC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807113620/http://www.watfordfc.com//news/article/2016-17/isaac-success-watford-fc-granada-premier-league-3160681.aspx|archivedate=7 August 2016}}</ref> Ọ gbara naanị otu ugboro n'ime egwuregwu iri na itoolu n'afọ 2016-17, mgbe ọ pụtara naanị otu ugboro maka otu ahụ n'afọ 2017-18, a gbazinyere ya Spain, sonye na Malaga na 31 Jenụwarị 2018 ruo mgbe oge fọdụrụnụ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/42892598|title=Watford: Isaac Success joins Malaga on loan|work=BBC Sport|date=31 January 2018}}</ref>&nbsp; N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2021, Success hapụrụ Watford mgbe afọ ise gachara, ọ bịanyere aka na klọb Ịtali Udinese na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ, klọb ahụ ya na ya jikọtara ọtụtụ afọ tupu mgbe ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.watfordfc.com/news/official-udinese-switch-for-success|title=Official: Udinese Switch For Success|publisher=Watford FC|date=26 August 2021|accessdate=26 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.udinese.it/news/squadra/success-e-un-nuovo-giocatore-dell-udinese|title=Success è un nuovo giocatore dell'Udinese|publisher=Udinese Calcio|date=26 August 2021|accessdate=26 August 2021|language=it}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na asaa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2024, Udinese kwụsịrị nkwekọrịta Success site na nkwekọrịta ha abụọ, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye nweere onwe ya. <ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Udinese|url=https://www.udinese.it/news/squad/club-statement-isaac-success|title=Club statement: Isaac Success|date=27 August 2024|accessdate=28 August 2024}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2024, ọnwa abụọ mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Udinese dị ka onye nnọchi anya n'efu, a mara ọkwa na Success bịanyere aka na klọb Emirati Al-Wasl nke a chọrọ mma nke ukwuu na mbufe n'efu.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Aikigbe|first=Godwin|date=21 October 2024|title=Success begins ‘new chapter' with UAE giants Al Wasl|url=https://punchng.com/success-begins-new-chapter-with-uae-giants-al-wasl/|accessdate=|work=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == N'[[FIFA U-17 World Cup]]">afọ 2013, a kpọrọ Success ka ọ gaa Naijiria n'okpuru afọ iri na asaa maka FIFA U-17 World Cup nke afọ ahụ, a na-akpọkwa ya osote onyeisi. Ọ pụtara n'egwuregwu abụọ mbụ, mana a chụpụrụ ya n'oge asọmpi ahụ fọdụrụ n'ihi mmerụ ahụ. Ihe ịga nke ọma nwetara oku mbụ ya n'akụkụ ndị okenye [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] maka 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifier megide Zambia n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2016. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Mikel Obi, Musa, Ikeme 20 others To battle Zambia|url=http://www.thenff.com/2016/09/6992/|accessdate=5 October 2016|publisher=thenff.com|date=22 September 2016}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 2017, Success mere nke mbụ ya maka Naịjirịa, na-abịa dị ka onye nnọchi anya na 1-1 draw megide Senegal na The Hive Stadium na [[London]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://goal.com/s/en/match/nigeria-vs-senegal/2413770|publisher=Goal|accessdate=24 March 2017|title=Nigeria 1 Senegal 1: Iheanacho earns a draw for Super Eagles|archivedate=10 December 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210032327/http://goal.com/s/en/match/nigeria-vs-senegal/2413770}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko mba ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="3" |Granada B |2013–14 | rowspan="2" |Nkewa nke Abụọ B |5 |3 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |5 |3 |- |2014–15 |15 |6 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |15 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !20 !9 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !20 !9 |- | rowspan="3" |Granada |2014–15 | rowspan="2" |[[La Liga|Njikọ ahụ]] |19 |1 |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |23 |1 |- |2015–16 |30 |6 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |33 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !49 !7 !7 !0 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !56 !7 |- | rowspan="6" |Watford |2016–17 | rowspan="4" |Njikọ Premier |19 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |19 |1 |- |2017–18 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - |1 |0 |- |2018–19 |30 |1 |3 |1 |2 |2 | colspan="2" | - |35 |4 |- |2019–20 |5 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - |7 |0 |- |2020–21 |Mmeri |10 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |10 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !64 !3 !4 !1 !4 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !72 !6 |- |Malaga (onye a gbazinyere) |2017–18 |Njikọ ahụ |9 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |9 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |Udinese |2021–22 | rowspan="3" |Usoro A |22 |2 |2 |1 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |24 |3 |- |2022–23 |30 |1 |2 |1 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |32 |2 |- |2023–24 |27 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |27 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !79 !4 !4 !2 ! colspan="2" |- ! colspan="2" |- !83 !6 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ ya niile !220 !23 !15 !3 !4 !2 !0 !0 !239 !28 |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Watford''' * Onye nke abụọ na FA Cup: 2018-19<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48236232|title=Manchester City 6–0 Watford|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=18 May 2019|accessdate=18 May 2019}}</ref> == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] itebhc8wmtmqm2ftornnojvbbk35uz3 3 75849 638098 637992 2026-05-16T14:33:59Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 /* Greetings and salutations! */ nkeji ohúrù 638098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nnọọ|username=Nephellium|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 00:01, 16 Mee 2026 (UTC)}} == Greetings and salutations! == If we keep translating from the English version of [https://en.wikipedia.org/Alhambra Alhambra], I think we can bring the Igbo version up to GA or, with some work, FA. Would you want to continue? [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 14:33, 16 Mee 2026 (UTC) 6u4aqywmvhpdl3hf0kgi6sf2lo17x65 638100 638098 2026-05-16T14:42:03Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 /* Greetings and salutations! */ Zaghachi 638100 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nnọọ|username=Nephellium|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 00:01, 16 Mee 2026 (UTC)}} == Greetings and salutations! == If we keep translating from the English version of [https://en.wikipedia.org/Alhambra Alhambra], I think we can bring the Igbo version up to GA or, with some work, FA. Would you want to continue? [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 14:33, 16 Mee 2026 (UTC) :Yeah. Looking at "today's featured article," translating all of Alhambra might make Alhambra one of the best pages on the Igbo wikipedia. [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 14:42, 16 Mee 2026 (UTC) nlfxnrtmr0t2x274umzwrj32gffv3ta 638112 638100 2026-05-16T18:55:04Z Nephellium 18398 /* Greetings and salutations! */ Zaghachi 638112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nnọọ|username=Nephellium|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 00:01, 16 Mee 2026 (UTC)}} == Greetings and salutations! == If we keep translating from the English version of [https://en.wikipedia.org/Alhambra Alhambra], I think we can bring the Igbo version up to GA or, with some work, FA. Would you want to continue? [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 14:33, 16 Mee 2026 (UTC) :Yeah. Looking at "today's featured article," translating all of Alhambra might make Alhambra one of the best pages on the Igbo wikipedia. [[Ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|Wikipedian12512(alt)]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)|ṅkátá]]) 14:42, 16 Mee 2026 (UTC) ::That seems like a good idea! For some reason, I can translate articles to Igbo. I don't know why. I'm assuming we'll continue translating at school, perhaps? ::By the way, "today's featured article" has been up since October 2022, in case you didn't already know. [[Ojiarụ:Nephellium|Nephellium]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Nephellium|ṅkátá]]) 18:55, 16 Mee 2026 (UTC) 80ghu9hbcih11i2x2vuckonty3xq2ku 0 75853 638145 638068 2026-05-17T00:47:27Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 638145 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Jeanne Humbert''' (24 Jenụwarị 1890 – 1 Ọgọst 1986) bụ onye France na-ede akwukwo na onye na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị. Humbert bụ onye neo-malthusian nke rụrụ ọrụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ ndụ ya iji mee ka [[Ibelata ịmụ ọtụtụ ụmụ|mgbochi ịmụ nwa]] na imepu nwa bụrụ nke iwu kwadoro. Echiche ya gbasara ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị bụ ihe ndị ọzọ na - ese okwu, mana ọ ka na-alụ ọgụ maka [[ikike ụmụ nwanyị]]. == Ndụ onwe onye na ọrụ ya == A mụrụ Humbert n'afọ 1890. Nne ya mechara gbaa alukwaghim n'aka di ya nke sitere n' ezinulo bourgeois ka o wee luo onye anarchist na-alu ogu, Humbert na-anọkarị n'akụkụ ndị anarchist kemgbe ọ bụ nwata. Na 1909, ọ zutere Eugene Humbert, onye kwadoro Neo-Malthusianism. O mechara lụọ Eugene, onye chọrọ ime ka [[Ibelata ịmụ ọtụtụ ụmụ|mgbochi ịmụ nwa]] na ime afọ bụrụ iwu, Humbert na-enyere ya aka n'ọrụ ya. Na 1920, e tinyere iwu nke mere ka ọ bụrụ iwu na-akwadoghị ikwu maka igbochi afọ ime na ime afọ na France, nke mechara mee ka a na-ejide ndị Humberts ugboro ugboro maka ịgbasa ozi.<ref name="French">{{Cite book|author=Sartori|first=Eva Martin|date=1999|title=The Feminist Encyclopedia of French Literature|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=0-313-296510}}</ref> Eugene nwụrụ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ na 1944, Humbert gara n'ihu n'ọrụ ya site n'ide akụkọ, akwụkwọ nta, na akwụkwọ. Akwụkwọ abụọ ya kwuru gbasara ndụ ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ. Ọ gara n'ihu na-ebipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ''La Grande Reforme'', nke di ya bụ onye nduzi ya site na 1931 ruo 1939.<ref name="French"/> N'ime isiokwu abụọ o dere maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, nke aha ya bụ "Our Equals", Humbert kwuru echiche ndị kewapụrụ onwe ya na ndị ọzọ na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị. N'ime "Our Equals", "ọ chọpụtara na nha nhata n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị bụ ihe efu n'ihi na o mesiri ike ọdịiche kama ịdị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị". Humbert kwenyere na ụmụ nwanyị anaghị emepụta ihe ma na-emepụta ihe ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụmụ nwoke. Okwu Humbert maka ọdịiche dị iche iche bụ "njikọ mmadụ dị n'otu". O mechara dee akụkụ nke atọ na "Our Equals" iji kwuo na "ịmụ nwa nke ọma aghaghị ịbụ ikike bụ isi nke ụmụ nwanyị; na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ikike ịgbasa ụbụrụ, obi, na ahụ zuru oke; na ha ga-aghọ ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu site n'igosi obiọma kama ịbụ mpako". Ndị ọzọ na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị akwadoghị echiche Humbert, mana arụmụka Humbert bụ na ọ bụ "otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na France" nke kwadoro ikike ndị juri ụmụ nwanyị nakwa na ọ kwadoro nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Sonn|first=Richard David|title=[[Sex, Violence, and the Avant-Garde: Anarchism in Interwar France]]|year=2010|publisher=Penn State Press|isbn=978-0-271-03663-2|pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=C4wWq0b9ZIMC&pg=PA36 36–37]}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị echiche ya na-ese okwu, Humbert lụrụ ọgụ maka nnwere onwe mmekọahụ, ikike ụmụ nwanyị, na udo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://graphbooks.com/index.php/app/detail/sous-la-cagoule-a-fresnes-prison-modele|title=Sous La Cagoule: À Fresnes, Prison-Modèle. 1933|work=Graph Books|accessdate=15 September 2020|archivedate=17 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617073118/http://graphbooks.com/index.php/app/detail/sous-la-cagoule-a-fresnes-prison-modele}}</ref> == Leekwa == * [[Ugboro mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị|Nkasi obi nke ụmụ nwanyị nke mbụ]] * Ịgba ụmụnwaanyị na Frans == Ntụaka == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} 26qz12km5j0bfxzthlk41512j5hyp5n 3 75856 638083 2026-05-16T12:00:29Z DolphybBot 61063 Nabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia! (bot) 638083 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nnọọ|username=Spokiyny|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 12:00, 16 Mee 2026 (UTC)}} azqrrcqtz0p9m6gy8xx33v4x83fdtiv 2 75857 638099 2026-05-16T14:38:19Z Wikipedian12512(alt) 61413 Hi! 638099 wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Wikipedian12512(alt)]] gu21r7hvdklolmptl7jvo9q61uh1i4v 0 75858 638114 2026-05-16T19:38:11Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1324713336|Edison Joseph]]" 638114 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edison Joseph''' (Persian; amụrụ na Nọvemba 27, 1989) bụ ọkachamara n'egwuregwu bọọlụ nke mba Iran, onye Naịjirịa, onye na-agba bọọlụ ma mechaa gbaa bọọlụ na Southern Samity na ngalaba nke abụọ nke I-League. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == A mụrụ Joseph na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Lagos, Naịjirịa. N'afọ 2009, ọ gbara bọọlụ maka Shaanxi Neo-China Chanba F.C. na Chinese Super League . == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 381aztsmchewc77vflfvorsfg4oiqwa 0 75859 638116 2026-05-16T19:45:19Z Kmelya.21 61321 Jiri ''''Tariq Al-Yousef''' '''Tariq Al-Yousef''' (amụrụ na 14 Septemba 1988) bụ onye injinia ụkpụrụ ụlọ na onye ọchụnta ego si Syria na United Arab Emirates (UAE). Ọ bụ onye ama ama maka ọrụ pụtara ìhè ọ rụrụ n'ijikọta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-adịgide adịgide (sustainable architecture) na teknụzụ dijitalụ nke oge a. Ọ bụ onye tọrọ ntọala ụlọ ọrụ '''"AquaStruct"''' nke na-ahụ maka imewe ihe gburugburu ebe obibi...' kere ihü 638116 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tariq Al-Yousef''' '''Tariq Al-Yousef''' (amụrụ na 14 Septemba 1988) bụ onye injinia ụkpụrụ ụlọ na onye ọchụnta ego si Syria na United Arab Emirates (UAE). Ọ bụ onye ama ama maka ọrụ pụtara ìhè ọ rụrụ n'ijikọta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-adịgide adịgide (sustainable architecture) na teknụzụ dijitalụ nke oge a. Ọ bụ onye tọrọ ntọala ụlọ ọrụ '''"AquaStruct"''' nke na-ahụ maka imewe ihe gburugburu ebe obibi, mmepe obodo, na ihe owuwu ọhụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=الدكتور طارق يوسف – dr tariq yousef|url=https://drtariqyousef.com/|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=en-US}}</ref> '''Ndụ mbụ na agụmakwụkwọ''' A mụrụ Tariq Al-Yousef na obodo Aleppo, Syria, n'ezinụlọ nwere mmasị dị ukwuu na nka na sayensị. Ọ kwagara na United Arab Emirates na ngwụcha afọ 1990 ebe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya n'ụzọ pụtara ìhè.<ref>{{Cite web|title=بمشاركة طارق العريان وريا أبي راشد.. مركز السينما يناقش صعود المواهب العربية عالميًا في مهرجان كان السينمائي {{!}} مجلة سيدتي|url=https://www.sayidaty.net/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8/1833632-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%8A-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%C2%A0%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A|work=www.sayidaty.net|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar}}</ref> • '''2010:''' Ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ (B.Arch) na Architectural Engineering na Mahadum America nke Sharjah (American University of Sharjah).<ref>{{Cite web|title=تعيين الدكتور طارق يوسف المدير التنفيذي للمستشفيات الجامعية بجامعة عين شمس|url=http://192.168.1.214/ar/6352/news|work=192.168.1.214|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar|author=Ain Shams University}}</ref> • '''2013:''' Ọ nwetara nzere mastas (M.Sc) na Sustainable Urban Design na Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) na United States.<ref>{{Cite web|title=أزمات قانونية بين النجوم بسبب النفقة بينها رانيا يوسف وزينة|url=https://www.masrawy.com/arts/zoom/details/2026/5/15/2988344/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A9?amp|work=www.masrawy.com|accessdate=2026-05-16}}</ref> '''Ọrụ''' Al-Yousef malitere ọrụ ya na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ mba ụwa na London na Dubai, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ na nhazi obodo ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi (smart cities). Na afọ 2016, ọ tọrọ ntọala ụlọ ọrụ nke ya bụ "AquaStruct", nke lekwasịrị anya na mmepe nke ngwọta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-ebelata ikuku carbon na ikwado njikwa mmiri n'ime nnukwu ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=المهندس طارق يوسف - ملتقى بناة مصر|url=https://buildersofegypt.com/portfolio/eng-tarek-youssef/|date=2023-10-12|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar|author=salma kamal}}</ref> '''Ihe ọrụ ama ama:''' • '''Oasis Dynamic Tower (Dubai):''' Ụlọ elu mepụtara nke na-eji naanị ike anyanwụ (solar energy) agbakwunyere na glaasi nke ihu ụlọ ahụ arụ ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title="فتح" تختار اليوم لجنتها المركزية ومجلسها الثوري.. قوائم المرشحين|url=https://nn.najah.edu/news/Palestine/2026/05/16/557475/|work=النجاح الإخباري|date=2026-05-16|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar}}</ref> • '''Al-Ghaima Residential Complex (Riyadh):''' Usoro ụlọ obibi nwere ọgụgụ isi na-eji algoridim nke Artificial Intelligence (AI) maka ikesa ike na ikuku jụrụ oyi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=بمشاركة طارق العريان وريا أبي راشد.. مركز السينما يناقش صعود المواهب العربية عالميًا في مهرجان كان السينمائي {{!}} مجلة سيدتي|url=https://www.sayidaty.net/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8/1833632-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%8A-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%C2%A0%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A|work=www.sayidaty.net|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar}}</ref> • '''Mmepe gburugburu mmiri (Beirut):''' Atụmatụ gburugburu ebe obibi iji rụzie n'akụkụ oké osimiri site na iji ihe ndị na-adịgide adịgide n'ógbè ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=افق|url=https://masafiranian.ir/|work=masafiranian.ir|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=en}}</ref> '''Ihe nrite na nkwanye ùgwù'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=أ.د. طارق يوسف مدير تنفيذي لمستشفيات جامعة عين شمس|url=http://192.168.1.214/ar/5330/news|work=192.168.1.214|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar|author=Ain Shams University}}</ref> N'ihi ọhụụ ya maka ọdịnihu n'ijikọta okike na ihe owuwu ọgbara ọhụrụ, Tariq Al-Yousef enwetala ọtụtụ onyinye dị mkpa:<ref>{{Cite web|title=الشرق|url=https://al-sharq.com/tags/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%82-%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81|work=الشرق|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar|author=الشرق}}</ref> • Ihe nrite '''"Architect of the Future"''' site na Arab Design Forum (2021).<ref>{{Cite web|title=الملك يتلقى مزيدًا من برقيات التأييد والولاء من عددٍ من العائلات والأسر البحرينية|url=https://akhbar-alkhaleej.com/news/article/1438005|work=akhbar-alkhaleej.com|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar}}</ref> • A gụnyere aha ya na ndepụta '''"Forbes Middle East"''' maka ndị na-emepụta ihe na-erubeghị afọ 30 (2018).<ref>{{Cite web|title=أبو إسماعيل: طارق يوسف شيعي ومشهور بالسرقة في الولايات المتحدة - بوابة الشروق|url=https://www.shorouknews.com/news/view.aspx?cdate=02042012&id=e71c9158-8e6e-4f23-9da4-109311a5d916|work=www.shorouknews.com|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar-eg}}</ref> • Ihe nrite maka "Environmental Excellence in Sustainable Design" site na World Green Architecture Organisation (2023).<ref>{{Cite web|title=أحدث تطورات التشخيص والعلاج في افتتاح مؤتمر الجمعية المصرية للجهاز الهضمي|url=https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/4269178|work=أحدث تطورات التشخيص والعلاج في افتتاح مؤتمر الجمعية المصرية للجهاز الهضمي|date=2026-05-13|accessdate=2026-05-16|author=كتب: سارة طعيمة}}</ref> i7d6nom9lzyhqzogcf7wb5g3v79w7z0 0 75860 638117 2026-05-16T19:46:53Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330254698|Niyi Ogunlana]]" 638117 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Babatunde Niyi Ogunlana''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Tunmise123-Niyi Ogunlana.wav|Listen}} (amụrụ n'August 14, 1984 na [[Patako]]) bụ onye [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] bọọlụ Naijiria, onye gbara bọọlụ ikpeazụ maka Kwara United F.C. nke [[Ilorin]]. == Ọrụ == Ọ bụ onye Patako dị na mpaghara ọchịchị ime obodo Ifelodun nke Kwara Steeti, a na-akpọkwa ya 'Overmars'. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Joseph's Nursery & Primary School, Ilorin na Government Secondary School, Ilorin (1992). O nwetara akara ugo mmụta mbụ ya, BSc (Geography) na Mahadum Ilorin-Nigeria (1997).. Ọ gbara bọọlụ maka [[Kwara Stars F.C.]] nke [[Ilorin]] (1997-2001), [[Katsina (city)|Katsina]]_United_F.C." id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Katsina United F.C.">Katsina United F.C..C nke Katsina (2001-2003), Kwara United F.C.. C. nke Ilorin (2004 ruo ugbu a). == Ịla ezumike nká == Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká, a kpọrọ ya onye ọrụ ọdịmma nke Kwara United F.C. == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] dra1dmx29z23m853d4ixhjvpceo8fnc 0 75861 638118 2026-05-16T19:48:48Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1256769048|Mohammed Shuaib]]" 638118 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Mohammed Sani Shuaibu''' (amụrụ na Nọvemba 17, 1984, na [[Minna]]) bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na-agba [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] ugbu a na Shooting Stars F.C . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kickoff.com/static/news/article.php?id=10973|title=Alausa shuns 3SC|accessdate=2010-01-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090914035009/http://www.kickoff.com/static/news/article.php?id=10973|archivedate=2009-09-14}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == O sitere na [[Minna]] na mpaghara gọọmentị ime obodo Minna nke Niger State, a na-akpọ ya 'Efosa', ọchịchọ ya bụ ịghọ onye ọkpụkpọ ọkachamara na-aga nke ọma. == Ọrụ == Ọ malitere ọrụ ọkachamara ya na Niger Tornadoes F.C. nke Minna (1999–2004) wee sonyere Kwara United F.C. nke Ilorin maka oge 2005. Ọ nọ n'òtù ndị meriri iko FA nke National Challenge na 2000 nke mere ka otu ahụ ruo eru igwu egwu na iko African Winners (Mandela) na 2001. Ọ bụ onye otu otu Niger Tornadoes F.C. nke gbara bọọlụ na West African Football Union (WAFU) na 2000. Na Septemba 2009, onye bụbu onye otu Niger Tornadoes F.C. na Kwara United F.C. bịanyere aka na Shooting Stars F.C.. == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.facebook.com/people/Mohammed-S-Shuaib/285600936 Facebook gọọmentị] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qa6vdgchcrm26slf04lv5kz5iaftxw5 0 75862 638119 2026-05-16T19:51:29Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1256769274|Nasiru Aliyu]]" 638119 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Abubakar Aliyu Nasiru''' (amụrụ n'October 20, 1990) bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na-agba [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] ugbu a na Kwara United F.C. nke [[Ilorin]]. == Oge ọ malitere == Onye a si Sepi dị na mpaghara ọchịchị ime obodo Giyede nke Bauchi Steeti, na-azụlite ọchịchọ nke ịbụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ ọkachamara nke ọma. == Ọrụ == Nasiru malitere ọrụ bọọlụ ọkachamara ya na El-Kanemi F.C. nke Maiduguri n'oge afọ 2003, tupu ọ banye Kwara United F.C. nke Ilorin site na oge mbufe 2005. Ọ bụ onye otu Shell Cup 2004<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2004/05/25/20040525spo10.html|title=Coca-Cola FA Cup: Kaduna Pros Champions|accessdate=2010-01-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051130143204/http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2004/05/25/20040525spo10.html|archivedate=2005-11-30}}</ref> == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jl4h2x218uzg46bot8857q4wn1woert 0 75863 638120 2026-05-16T19:52:33Z Kmelya.21 61321 Jiri ''''Daniel Al-Khalidi''' '''Daniel Al-Khalidi''' (Onye amụrụ na Machị 5, 1985) bụ onye sayensị kọmputa na onye na-emepụta ihe rụzuru ihe pụtara ìhè, onye si mba Jordan na Canada. A maara ya nke ọma maka onyinye ya n'ịzụlite usoro algorithm nke amamihe artificial (AI) maka ịma amụma banyere ọdachi ndị na-emere onwe ha. Ọ na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka prọfesọ na Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), ọ bụkwa onye guzobere "Digital...' kere ihü 638120 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniel Al-Khalidi''' '''Daniel Al-Khalidi''' (Onye amụrụ na Machị 5, 1985) bụ onye sayensị kọmputa na onye na-emepụta ihe rụzuru ihe pụtara ìhè, onye si mba Jordan na Canada. A maara ya nke ọma maka onyinye ya n'ịzụlite usoro algorithm nke amamihe artificial (AI) maka ịma amụma banyere ọdachi ndị na-emere onwe ha. Ọ na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka prọfesọ na Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), ọ bụkwa onye guzobere "Digital Earth Initiative".<ref>{{Cite web|title=منتخب مصر يهزم تونس 2-1 ويضع قدما فى الدور الثانى بأمم أفريقيا للناشئين|url=https://www.soutalomma.com/Article/1233084/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%B2%D9%85-%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3-2-1-%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B6%D8%B9-%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1|work=صوت الأمة|date=2026-05-16|accessdate=2026-05-16}}</ref> '''Ndụ Mmalite na Agụmakwụkwọ''' A mụrụ Al-Khalidi na Amman, Jordan, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. Ọ kwagara Canada na 2003 ịga Mahadum Toronto, ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ na Software Engineering na 2007. Ọ gara n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya na Mahadum Stanford dị na United States, ebe ọ nwetara nzere dọkịta (Ph.D.) na Sayensị Kọmputa na 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=خالد دانيال - شخصية نصراوية اسطورية - July 18, 2011|url=https://www.yafita.com/a/3314/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84---%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9/|work=يافطة|date=2011-07-18|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar|author=موقع يافطة}}</ref> '''Ọrụ na Ihe Ndị Ọ Rụzuru''' Al-Khalidi malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-eme nchọpụta na "Silicon Valley". Na 2018, o kwupụtara mmepe nke usoro '''"Neo-Earth"''', nke bụ usoro AI pụrụ iche na-atụ anya mgbanwe ihu igwe na ala ọmajiji tupu ha emee site na nkenke ruru '''88%'''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=خالد الكواري : قضية دانيال جومو محل دراسة لجنة أوضاع اللاعبين بالاتحاد|url=https://www.qfa.qa/news/khald-alkoary-kdy-danyal-gomo-mhl-dras-lgn-aodaaa-allaaabyn-balathad?v=1778961147|work=الاتحاد القطري لكرة القدم|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=دانيال رادكليف - ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ فيلموجرافيا، صور، فيديو|url=https://elcinema.com/person/1108444|work=elCinema.com|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=ar}}</ref>Na 2021, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye ndụmọdụ teknụzụ na United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ guzobere "Digital Earth Initiative", otu nzukọ na-abaghị uru nke na-enye mba ndị na-emepe emepe ngwá ọrụ teknụzụ n'efu iji lụso okpomọkụ gburugburu ụwa ọgụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=دانيال خالد - أسبوع الرياض الدولي لتسوية المنازعات|url=https://ridw.org/ar/speaker/daniyal-khalid|work=ridw.org|accessdate=2026-05-16}}</ref> 3hkf61bqlmbomuvtg3aplj79d3h6f9d 0 75864 638121 2026-05-16T19:54:39Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1256812217|Sarafa Usman]]" 638121 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Usman Sarafa''' (amụrụ na Machị 26, 1985, na Offa) bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na-agba [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] ugbu a na [[Sunshine Stars F.C.]]. == Ọrụ == Ọ bụ onye Offa na mpaghara ọchịchị ime obodo Offa nke Kwara Steeti, malitere ọrụ bọọlụ ya na Sunshine Stars F.C. nke Akure (2000/2001 & 2003/2004), Sharks F.C. nke Port Harcourt (2001/2002). Na agba nke mbụ nke 2004/5 nke League, ọ gbara bọọlụ maka [[Sunshine Stars F.C.]] nke Port Harcourt, tupu ọ sonye na Kwara United F.C. nke [[Ilorin]] maka agba nke abụọ nke oge ahụ site na windo mbufe. N'oge ọkọchị 2010 ọ hapụrụ Kwara United F.C. nke [[Ilorin]] wee bịanye aka na [[Sunshine Stars F.C.]].C . == Edemsibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jh11bwh7t7ocow2j1uqr5buvbz3loj2 0 75865 638122 2026-05-16T20:00:06Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329884124|Emmanuel Omodiagbe]]" 638122 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Faịlụ:Emmanuel_Omodiagbe_of_Heartland_(2).jpg|thumb|271x271px]] '''Emmanuel Arewan Omodiagbe''' {{Audio|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Chikeme Chizurum-Emmanuel Arewan Omodiagbe.wav|Listen}} (amụrụ n'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1985) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa nke na-agba bọọlụ n'ofe ụwa na-egwuri egwu ugbu a maka otu egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa bụ Warri Wolves F.C. == Ọrụ == Na Jenụwarị afọ 2006 ọ si na [[Bendel Insurance F.C.]] gaa Heartland F.C.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Insurance prepare for 2005 season|url=http://nigeriasports.com/1844|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050120022251/http://nigeriasports.com/1844|accessdate=2025-04-27|archivedate=2005-01-20}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2009, ya na onye otu ya bụ [[Kabiru Alausa]] sonyeere CSKA Sofia ebe ọ nọ na-ekpe ikpe na klọb ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kickoff.com/static/news/article.php?id=7039|title=Kick off - South Africa|accessdate=2009-03-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304164933/http://www.kickoff.com/static/news/article.php?id=7039|archivedate=2009-03-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/89/africa/2009/01/20/1069289/nigerias-heartland-fc-fire-bulgarian-coach|title=Nigeria's Heartland FC Fire Bulgarian Coach {{!}} Goal.com}}</ref> Agbanyeghị, mbufe ahụ dara n'ihi nsogbu dị na ụgwọ na òkè onye nnọchi anya ahụ, ya mere ọ laghachiri na Naze Millionaires.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://completesportsnigeria.com/details.php?category=news&id=7446|title=CompleteSportsNigeria.com|accessdate=2009-03-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217125150/http://completesportsnigeria.com/details.php?category=news|archivedate=2009-02-17}}</ref> Ọ sonyeere Warri Wolves na mbido oge 2010-11. == Edemsibia == <references /> [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 96h4xdj9ard94rp72ejeor2zeojkd7t 0 75866 638123 2026-05-16T20:01:47Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329215680|Segun Atere]]" 638123 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oluwasegun Atere''' (amụrụ n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 1985) bụ onye Naijiria bụbu [[Footbọl|onye na-agba bọọlụ]] nke na-agba dịka onye na-eme egwuregwu n'etiti. == Ọrụ == Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na otu ndị na-azụ ahịa n'obodo Shooting Stars n'afọ 2000 tupu ọ banye n'òtù ndị isi. Na Julaị 2003, ọ sonyeere otu egwuregwu Jupiler League K.A.A. Gent n' nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ. Na Jenụwarị 2005, ọ kwagara na otu egwuregwu dị ala nke Belgium K.F.C. Evergem-Center na mgbazinye ego..<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/4226677.stm|title=African transfer round-up|date=February 2005}}</ref> Ọ gbara bọọlụ afọ abụọ na ọnwa isii tupu ọ laghachi n'ala nna ya wee banye na Kwara United F.C. Ọ bịanyere aka na ndị mbido NPFL Giwa FC na 2014. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/140205/Atere_joins_Giwa_FC|title=Atere joins Giwa FC}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Atere gbara bọọlụ na ndị otu Golden Eaglets nke meriri nrite ọla edo nke African U-17 Championship na Seychelles n'afọ 2001. Ọ nọkwa na mba U-20 na 2002 mgbe ọ nọ na El-Kanemi ma nọrọ na ndị otu U-23 nke abụọ na 2003 All Africa egwuregwu nke Naịjirịa kwadoro. == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] nrzz84ipe09ck0s8mxrk0byot9ooddr 0 75867 638124 2026-05-16T20:31:09Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1298803081|Christian Aniche Izuchukwu]]" 638124 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Christian Aniche Izuchukwu'''<ref name="palloliitto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.palloliitto.fi/pelaaja/217331|title=Christian Aniche Izuchukwu|work=[[Football Association of Finland|Palloliitto.fi]]|language=fi|accessdate=9 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://us.soccerway.com/players/christian-aniche-izuchukwu/254725/|title=C. Aniche|work=Soccerway.com|accessdate=9 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lansi-uusimaa.fi/artikkeli/83975-fc-espoo-voitti-lopan-hantapaan-taistossa|title=FC Espoo voitti LoPan häntäpään taistossa|date=29 July 2012|work=[[Länsi-Uusimaa|Lansi-uusimaa.fi]]|language=fi|accessdate=9 January 2019}}</ref> (born 25 November 1981) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa na Finland, onye na-egwu egwuregwu na SoVo na Finland. Ọ nwere ikike ịbụ nwa amaala abụọ.<ref name="palloliitto" /> == Ọrụ == Ọ gbara bọọlụ maka HIFK, Rakuunat, [[Helsinki Diplomat Sports|HDS]] na Atlantis FC. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] so26l9kllys91ac60alc97ayxvi1gn7 0 75868 638126 2026-05-16T20:33:39Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1269651212|Ojembe Olatuga]]" 638126 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ojembe Olatuga''' (amụrụ na 24 Jenụwarị 1988 na Lagos) bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na-agba bọọlụ. == Ọrụ == Olatuga malitere ọrụ ya site n'aka Youth Star Sporting Club, tupu o mechaa gaa na 2006 na otu egwuregwu nke abụọ nke Finland bụ Atlantis FC..<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.atlantisfc.fi/fudis/akatemia/29b.htm|title=Atlantis Fc}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2008, ya na ndị otu ya bụ Alimamy Jalloh na Michael Ozor hapụrụ ndị otu ahụ wee sonye na SoVo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://footballinfinland.wordpress.com/2008/05/11/kakkonen-news/|title=Kakkonen News|date=2008-05-11}}</ref> Mgbe ọnwa isii gachara na SoVo, Olatuga weghachiri ọzọ, n'oge a na HIFK. Ọ nọrọ otu oge na klọb ọhụrụ ya, tupu ya abịanye aka na Jenụwarị 2009 na Lohjan Pallo. == Utu aha == * 2006 Onye mmeri ntorobịa na Finland na Atlantis FC == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rttfolpc81bvieti3fu2t0hlhu1gwab 0 75869 638127 2026-05-16T20:38:41Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352676468|Ernest Simon (footballer)]]" 638127 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ernest Simon''' (amụrụ na 22 June 1985) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa, onye na-agba bọọlụ ugbu a na Eledi FC Lagos. == Ọrụ ịgba egwu == Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na Gombe United F.C. tupu ọ kwaga na Jenụwarị 2008 na Atlantis FC. == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] m82cjcy17pdffg97f7fw0nmbt531reh 0 75870 638128 2026-05-16T20:44:24Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1256734546|Kelechukwu Nnajiofor]]" 638128 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Kelechukwu Nnajiofor''' (amụrụ na 28 Febụwarị 1990) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ nke mba Finland na Naịjirịa, onye na-agba bọọlụ ugbu a na Atlantis FC. == Ọrụ == Ọ kwagara na Jenụwarị 2008 gaa Atlantis FC site na AsPa. Na Jenụwarị 2010, a na-ekpe ya ikpe na Vålerenga Fotball. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vpn.no/alle_artikler/kelechukwu_nnajiofor_til_vaalerenga|title=Kelechukwu Nnajiofor til Vålerenga?|accessdate=2010-01-07|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20110928163822/http://www.vpn.no/alle_artikler/kelechukwu_nnajiofor_til_vaalerenga|archivedate=2011-09-28}}</ref> == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 4pi1746gq112gotswhvd6b9clsno9eq 0 75871 638129 2026-05-16T20:46:24Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329198343|Waheed Oseni]]" 638129 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Waheed Akanni Oseni''' (amụrụ na 17 Jenụwarị 1988) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere etiti ma ọ bụ onye na-echebe etiti.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/waheed-oseni/70460/|title=W. Oseni|work=Soccerway|publisher=Perform Group|accessdate=August 15, 2014}}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na Naịjirịa, na Sunshine Stars, na 2006 kwaga Beitar Jerusalem. Na Jenụwarị 2008, ọ kwagara Apollon Limassol, ebe ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta maka ọnwa isii mbụ yana nhọrọ ịgbatị ya ruo afọ atọ. Apollon jiri nhọrọ ahụ mee ihe wee gbasaa nkwekọrịta ya ruo 30 Juun 2012. O mechara kwaga na klọb Saudi Professional League Al-Taawon. == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] l7jlatojnfokrx0cqib0d1ari0402df 0 75872 638130 2026-05-16T20:47:53Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1303282618|Ibrahim Taaj Al Din]]" 638130 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ibrahim Taaj Al Din''' (mgbe ụfọdụ a na-asụpụta '''Taaj Eddin''' ma ọ bụ '''Tajeddin'''; amụrụ n'afọ 1981) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ. Ọ na-egwuri egwu ugbu a maka Aman al 'aam na Libyan Premier League. Ọ na-egwuri egwu dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ. Taaj al Din malitere ọrụ ya na Sweahly, wee malite ọrụ bọọlụ Libya ya na klọb Misrata. O nyere klọb ahụ goolu iri na abụọ n'oge 2005-06. Ọ gara n'ihu n'ọrụ ya n'ọkwa kachasị elu, wee kwaga Madina. Ebe o nwetara ọnụọgụgụ abụọ, tinye The Black Castle n'ọnọdụ nke atọ site na goolu iri o nyere. Nzọụkwụ ọzọ Taaj al Din mere bụ Ahly Benghazi ebe ọ gbara otu goolu maka klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ahly.ly/ab/details.asp?ID=247&Ses=200708|title=HTCI.ly|accessdate=2010-01-29|language=ar|archivedate=2011-07-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722165107/http://ahly.ly/ab/details.asp?ID=247&Ses=200708}}</ref> Ọ kwagara Aman al Aam n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2008, na-agba goolu abụọ n'ọgụ siri ike nke isi obodo ahụ megide ọdịda n'afọ 2008-09. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 12w5hkqbu0hy8apple2u36u38n06dui 0 75873 638133 2026-05-16T21:08:46Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329866277|Olalekan Bola]]" 638133 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Olalekan Akinde Bola''' (amụrụ na 10 Febụwarị 1992) bụ onye Naijiria bụbu [[Footbọl|onye na-agba bọọlụ]]. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya dị elu na [[Ocean Boys F.C.|Ocean Boys FC]] . == Ọrụ == Bola malitere ọrụ ya na Mahadum nke Lagos wee kwaga na 2008 na Ocean Boys F.C, ebe o meriri iko FA nke Naịjirịa n'oge mbụ ya..<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.haaba.com/node/157575/pdf|title=Football: Ocean Boys win Nigerian FA Cup on penalties|accessdate=2009-12-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002190604/http://www.haaba.com/node/157575/pdf|archivedate=2011-10-02}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == * 2008: Onye mmeri nke Naijiria FA Cup == Edensibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0t9itej9xdmq3y150q3delvvo3qurmp 0 75874 638134 2026-05-16T21:12:47Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1256731893|Dengo Ebinipere]]" 638134 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Denigo Ebinipere''' (amụrụ na 10 June 1990 na Brass) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agbachitere [[Bayelsa United F.C.|Bayelsa United]] ugbu a. == Ọrụ == onye na-agbachitere egwuregwu ahụ gbara 2009/2010 maka [[Ocean Boys F.C.]] na CAF Confederation Cup, mgbe mmeri nke Naịjirịa FA Cup na 2008. Mgbe ọ nọsịrị afọ asatọ na Ocean Boys F.C., ọ bịanyere aka na 10 Mee 2012 na ndị otu ya na Dolphins F.C.. == Nsọpụrụ == * 2008: Onye mmeri FA Cup == Edemsiba == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8oyrqh6oxoi2h74w2no8c3yb6y4l67v 3 75875 638161 2026-05-17T06:00:42Z DolphybBot 61063 Nabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia! (bot) 638161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nnọọ|username=Milenioscuro|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 06:00, 17 Mee 2026 (UTC)}} 4xp1vej8huen3ymwl98c1obvlb6akvs 0 75876 638163 2026-05-17T06:32:03Z Confidence24 24524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1341258169|Béatrice Hibou]]" 638163 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Béatrice Hibou''' bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke France, onye nduzi nyocha na onye nkuzi na Sciences Po. Ọ na-amụ akụ na ụba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na amụma azụmaahịa, na-elekwasị anya karịsịa na Sub-Saharan Africa na Maghreb, yana ọrụ nke ike ahịa na-arụ n'ịkpụzi amụma na nhazi steeti na otu nke ahụ si emetụta ndụ ndị mmadụ. == Agụmakwụkwọ na ọkwa == Hibou gara Sciences Po, wee nweta akara ugo mmụta mahadum ya na 1987.<ref name="profile">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/beatrice-hibou|title=Béatrice Hibou profile|language=fr|publisher=Sciences Po|accessdate=25 May 2020}}</ref> Na 1995, Hibou gụsịrị akwụkwọ na The School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences na nzere doctorate na akụnụba.<ref name="thesis">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sudoc.fr/041568044|title=Béatrice Hibou SUDOC|language=fr|publisher=Système universitaire de documentation|accessdate=25 May 2020}}</ref> Akwụkwọ edemede doctorate ya bụ ''Économie politique de la protection en Afrique'' (Akụnụba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke nchekwa na Afrịka), ma jiri usoro Weberian mụọ amụma azụmaahịa na Sub-Saharan Africa. Onye nlekọta edemede ya bụ Jean Coussy.<ref name="thesis" /> Na 1998, Hibou sonyeere ndị nkuzi na Sciences Po na Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux.<ref name="profile">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/beatrice-hibou|title=Béatrice Hibou profile|language=fr|publisher=Sciences Po|accessdate=25 May 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/beatrice-hibou "Béatrice Hibou profile"] (in French). Sciences Po<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Site na 2006 ruo 2010, ọ kụziri seminarị na School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences, na 2010 ọ kwagara na University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, wee gaa na Ecole de Gouvernance et d'Economie na Rabat, [[Morocco]] na 2013.<ref name="profile" /> == Nnyocha == Hibou na-amụ akụ na ụba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mba ụwa nke Middle East na North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, na Southern Europe, na-eji ọrụ Michel Foucault na Max Weber iji tụgharịa uche n'ụdị mgbanwe akụ na ụba steeti na ike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name="profile">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/beatrice-hibou|title=Béatrice Hibou profile|language=fr|publisher=Sciences Po|accessdate=25 May 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/beatrice-hibou "Béatrice Hibou profile"] (in French). Sciences Po<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Site n'ọrụ ya maka akwụkwọ edemede doctorate ya, Hibou mepụtara akwụkwọ nke afọ 1996 ''bụ́ L'Afrique est-elle protectionniste?'' ''Les chemins buissonniers de la libéralisation extérieure'', nke mụrụ akụ na ụba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mmepe site na iji ikpe nke amụma, aghụghọ, na ịzụ ahịa n'oge gara aga na mpaghara ndị France nke Sub-Saharan Africa.<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Christian|author=Chavagneux|title=Béatrice Hibou. L'Afrique est-elle protectionniste ? Les chemins buissonniers de la libéralisation extérieure|language=fr|journal=Politique étrangère|volume=61|issue=2|pages=453–454|year=1996}}</ref> Hibou bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ nke afọ 1999 ''bụ́ La Privatization des États'' (The privatization of states).<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Jean-Pierre|author=Olivier de Sardan|language=fr|title=Béatrice Hibou (éd.), La privatisation des États|journal=Revue Tiers Monde|volume=41|issue=161|pages=217–221|year=2000}}</ref> Akwụkwọ ahụ mụrụ usoro na-aga n'ihu nke ime ka ndị mmadụ nwee onwe ha gburugburu ụwa, na-amụkwa usoro dị iche iche n'ọtụtụ mba iji nye ụlọ ọrụ nkeonwe ikike ịchịkwa ọrụ ndị bụbu ikike nke steeti.<ref>{{Cite journal|language=fr|title=La privatisation de l'État, sous la direction de Béatrice Hibou|journal=Critique Internationale|volume=1|year=1998}}</ref> Na 2006, o bipụtara akwụkwọ ''La force de l'obéissance.'' ''Économie politique de la répression en Tunisie'' (Ike Nrubeisi: Akụnụba Ndọrọndọrọ Ọchịchị nke Mmegbu na Tunisia), nke dabere na ọrụ ubi o mere na [[Tunisia]] n'etiti 1997 na 2005.<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Jay|author=Rowell|title=HIBOU (Béatrice), La force de l'obéissance. Économie politique de la répression en Tunisie|journal=Politix Vol|volume=78|issue=2|pages=187–190|year=2007|language=fr|doi=10.3917/pox.078.0187}}</ref> Akwụkwọ ahụ mụrụ ịchịisi na Tunisia karịa mmegbu a na-ahụ anya nke ọchịchị aka ike, kama ilekwasị anya n'otú akụnụba si chịa ndị Tunisia n'usoro n'oge ahụ n'okpuru omume afọ ofufo.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Hugon|first=Philippe|language=fr|title=Béatrice Hibou, La Force de l'obéissance. Économie politique de la répression en Tunisie|journal=Revue Tiers Monde|volume=47|issue=188|pages=911–912|year=2006}}</ref> Akwụkwọ Hibou nke afọ 2011, ''Anatomie politique de la domination'' (Atụmatụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ịchịisi), nyochachara ma tụnyere ụdị ọchịchị aka ike.<ref name="monde">{{Cite news|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2011/07/07/anatomie-politique-de-la-domination-de-beatrice-hibou_1545790_3260.html|title="Anatomie politique de la domination", de Béatrice Hibou : les "douceurs insidieuses" de la domination politique|language=fr|work=Le Monde|first=Serge|author=Audier|date=7 July 2011|accessdate=25 May 2020}}</ref> E nyochachara akwụkwọ ahụ na ''Le Monde''.<ref name="monde" /> E hotara ọrụ Hibou, ma ọ bụ gbaa ya ajụjụ ọnụ, n'ụlọ ọrụ akụkọ dịka ''Le Parisien'',<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.leparisien.fr/international/iran-la-chercheuse-fariba-adelkhah-condamnee-a-six-ans-de-prison-16-05-2020-8318307.php|title=Iran : la chercheuse Fariba Adelkhah condamnée à six ans de prison|publisher=Le Parisien|date=16 May 2020|language=fr|first=Nicolas|author=Berrod|accessdate=25 May 2020}}</ref> ''Libération'',<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://libeafrica4.blogs.liberation.fr/2020/05/18/lhumanitaire-et-la-quantification-des-besoins-humains/|title=L'humanitaire et la quantification des besoins humains|work=Libération|language=fr|first=Vincent|author=Hiribarren|date=18 May 2020|accessdate=25 May 2020}}</ref> na ''The Diplomat''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thediplomat.com/2020/04/why-is-a-french-iranian-academic-still-languishing-in-an-iranian-prison/|title=Why Is a French-Iranian Academic Still Languishing in an Iranian Prison?|work=The Diplomat|author=Arpita Singh|date=17 April 2020|accessdate=25 May 2020}}</ref> Hibou mepụtara echiche nke ''ọchịchị néolibérale'' (ọchịchị neoliberal) nke gụnyere ojiji usoro nke ụkpụrụ, iwu, usoro, na ụkpụrụ ndị sitere na ahịa ma ọ bụ ụwa azụmaahịa ma nwee mmetụta na ndụ kwa ụbọchị. Usoro a na-enyere ahịa liberal aka itinye onwe ya n'ọrụ n'ọhịa ndị na-anaghị ejikọta ya nke ọma, dịka ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ. Hibou abụrụla onye otu ndị nchịkọta akụkọ nke ''Politique africaine'', ''Critique internationale'', na usoro akwụkwọ Karthala ''Les Afriques''.<ref name="profile">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/beatrice-hibou|title=Béatrice Hibou profile|language=fr|publisher=Sciences Po|accessdate=25 May 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.sciencespo.fr/ceri/fr/content/beatrice-hibou "Béatrice Hibou profile"] (in French). Sciences Po<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> == Ntinye aka n'ịkwado nnwere onwe agụmakwụkwọ == Béatrice Hibou bụ onye otu na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Kọmitii Nkwado nke Fariba Adelkhah na Roland Marchal, ndị e jidere ma mee ka ha bụrụ ndị mkpọrọ sayensị na Iran na June 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/9dc9412152a1e66abb3d80e86ba27ee0|title=French, Australian academics jailed in Iran on hunger strike|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=20 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/facts-about-fariba-adelkhah-roland-marchal-what-we-know|title=The Facts About Fariba Adelkhah and Roland Marchal}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na a tọhapụrụ Roland Marchal na 20 Maachị 2020, Fariba Adelkhah ka nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ na Iran, Béatrice Hibou ka na-apụta, dịka onye otu kọmitii nkwado, na ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi French na mba ụwa, ebe ọ na-akọwa, karịsịa, mmepe nke ikpe ahụ, ọnọdụ njide na Iran na n'ozuzu ya, okwu gbasara nnwere onwe sayensị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liberation.fr/debats/2020/03/30/l-iran-et-la-violence-d-etat_1783551/|title=L'Iran et la violence d'Etat}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/international/iran-la-chercheuse-fariba-adelkhah-condamnee-a-six-ans-de-prison-16-05-2020-8318307.php|title=Iran : La chercheuse Fariba Adelkhah condamnée à six ans de prison|date=16 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2019/12/26/iran-l-universitaire-fariba-adelkhah-se-condamne-a-une-mort-atroce_6024102_3232.html|title=" les chercheurs français détenus en Iran sont voués à une incarcération sans fin "|work=Le Monde.fr|date=26 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/12/27/france-summons-iranian-ambassador-over-imprisoned-academics|title=France summons Iranian ambassador over imprisoned academics}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ == * ''L'Afrique est-elle protectionniste?: les chemins buissonniers de la libéralisation extérieure'' * ''La Privatization des États'', onye nchịkọta akụkọ (1999) * ''La force de l'obéissance. Economie Politique de la répression en Tunisie'' (2006) * ''Anatomie Politique de la domination'', La découverte (2011) * ''La bureaucratisation du monde à l'ère néolibérale'', La découverte (2012) * ''Tisser le temps politique au Maroc: Imaginaire de l'Etat à l'âge néolibéral'' ''[Oge ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Morocco: The Imaginary of the State in the Neoliberal Age]''. Mohamed Tozy na-edekọ akwụkwọ. Mbipụta Karthala. 2020. == Ntụaka == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] 4x50a11m4bsaswjgtuthdd2ftz0adlu 0 75877 638164 2026-05-17T06:37:34Z Confidence24 24524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351635003|Juliette Heuzey]]" 638164 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Juliette Heuzey''' (mgbe alụmdi na nwunye gasịrị, '''Goyau'''; aha ndị edemede, '''Jules-Philippe Heuzey''', '''J.Ph. Heuzey''', '''Mme. Georges Goyau'''; 1 Jenụwarị 1865 – 7 Julaị 1952)<ref name="0-academiefrancaise">{{Cite web|title=Juliette HEUZEY|url=https://www.academie-francaise.fr/node/16349|work=www.academie-francaise.fr|publisher=Académie française|accessdate=26 January 2022}}</ref> bụ onye edemede France. Ọ nwetara ihe nrite Montyon. == Akụkọ Ndụ == A mụrụ Juliette Heuzey n'abalị mbụ nke ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 1865,<ref name="0-academiefrancaise">{{Cite web|title=Juliette HEUZEY|url=https://www.academie-francaise.fr/node/16349|work=www.academie-francaise.fr|publisher=Académie française|accessdate=26 January 2022}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.academie-francaise.fr/node/16349 "Juliette HEUZEY"]. ''www.academie-francaise.fr''. Académie française<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> na Le Havre . Ndị mụrụ ya bụ Jules Philippe Heuzey na Irma (Deschamps) Heuzey.<ref name="0-geni">{{Cite web|title=Juliette Heuzey|url=https://www.geni.com/people/Juliette-Heuzey/6000000021380923303|work=geni_family_tree|date=January 1865|accessdate=26 January 2022}}</ref> E wezụga akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị a ma ama, o dere ''Dieu premier servi.'' ''Georges Goyau: sa vie et son'', iji cheta di ya, ọkà mmụta Georges Goyau (1869–1939). E tinyere aka n'akwụkwọ ya n'aha dị iche iche dịka, "Jules-Philippe Heuzey", "J.Ph. Heuzey", na "Mme. Georges Goyau".<ref name="0-catalog-1936">{{Cite book|title=Catalog of Copyright Entries: Books, Part 1|year=1936|publisher=Library of Congress, Copyright Office.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2dV03Vp8BnwC&pg=PA231|accessdate=26 January 2022|language=en}}</ref> Na 1897, Académie Française nyere ya ihe nrite Montyon maka, ''Les actes de Ditime, de Jules-Philippe Heuzey''.<ref name="0-academiefrancaise">{{Cite web|title=Juliette HEUZEY|url=https://www.academie-francaise.fr/node/16349|work=www.academie-francaise.fr|publisher=Académie française|accessdate=26 January 2022}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.academie-francaise.fr/node/16349 "Juliette HEUZEY"]. ''www.academie-francaise.fr''. Académie française<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> [[Faịlụ:Père-Lachaise_-_Division_44_-_Goyau_01.jpg|thumb|Ili Juliette Heuzey na di ya, Georges Goyau.]] Juliette Heuzey-Goyau nwụrụ na 7 Julaị 1952,<ref name="0-academiefrancaise">{{Cite web|title=Juliette HEUZEY|url=https://www.academie-francaise.fr/node/16349|work=www.academie-francaise.fr|publisher=Académie française|accessdate=26 January 2022}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.academie-francaise.fr/node/16349 "Juliette HEUZEY"]. ''www.academie-francaise.fr''. Académie française<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> na Bernay, Eure.<ref name="0-geni">{{Cite web|title=Juliette Heuzey|url=https://www.geni.com/people/Juliette-Heuzey/6000000021380923303|work=geni_family_tree|date=January 1865|accessdate=26 January 2022}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.geni.com/people/Juliette-Heuzey/6000000021380923303 "Juliette Heuzey"]. ''geni_family_tree''. January 1865<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> E liri ya n'ili Père Lachaise (ngalaba nke 44). Ihe odide ya dị n'ebe a na-edebe ihe ochie nke Yvelines (166J, Ms 4910, otu akụkụ, 1932).<ref name="2-">{{Cite web|title=GOYAU J.H.|url=https://archives.yvelines.fr/rechercher/archives-en-ligne/correspondances-du-musee-departemental-maurice-denis/correspondances-du-musee-maurice-denis?detail=69227|work=archives.yvelines.fr|accessdate=26 January 2022}}</ref> == Onyinye == * 1897, Montyon Prize, Académie Française == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ == * ''Les actes de Diotime'', 1896 * ''Un monastère persécuté, au temps de Luther, les Mémoires de Charité Pirckheimer'', 1905 * ''Onye Leur merụrụ ahụ'', 1909 * ''La Normandie et ses peintres'', 1909 * ''Le Chemin sans mana'', 1919 * ''Les Dominicole'', 1928 * ''L'Amour qui sépare'', 1932 * ''La Victoire d'Arlette'' - mkpokọta Stella, mba. 126, 1933 * ''Une mère qui s'évade'', 1934<ref name="0-catalog-1936">{{Cite book|title=Catalog of Copyright Entries: Books, Part 1|year=1936|publisher=Library of Congress, Copyright Office.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2dV03Vp8BnwC&pg=PA231|accessdate=26 January 2022|language=en}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://books.google.com/books?id=2dV03Vp8BnwC&pg=PA231 ''Catalog of Copyright Entries: Books, Part 1'']. Library of Congress, Copyright Office. 1936. p.&nbsp;231<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> * ''Ceci a tué cela'', 1936 == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|30em}} 6lms16jhvil92jfmek0t8oyatsu3iie 0 75878 638168 2026-05-17T07:00:07Z Confidence24 24524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338947243|Laure Hillerin]]" 638168 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laure Hillerin''' (amụrụ na 1949) bụ ọkammụta akụkọ ihe mere eme nke France, onye na-ede akụkọ ndụ na onye ode akwụkwọ. Ọ na-enye nkuzi gbasara ndị ọ na-ede akụkọ ndu ha na oge ha biri nye ndị mmadụ n'ozuzu, nakwa na redio na telivishọn.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Accueil|url=https://www.laure-hillerin.fr/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=www.laure-hillerin.fr}}</ref> == Akụkọ Ndụ == A mụrụ Hillerin n'abalị abụọ nke ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 1949 na Paris.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Laure Hillerin|url=https://www.associationdesfemmesdiplomees.fr/nos-actions/12%C3%A8me-salon-des-livres-de-femmes/laure-hillerin/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=AFFDU - Association Française des Femmes Diplômées des Universités- Our Actions|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị akara ugo mmụta na edemede, ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ iri atọ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ nkwukọrịta onwe ya mgbe ọ na-eme nyocha ma na-ede akwụkwọ mbụ ya. O wee tinye onwe ya n'ide ihe nyocha nke ọma ma nweta akụkọ ndụ akụkọ ihe mere eme sitere na narị afọ nke 19 na nke 20 nke France, nke ọ bụla dere dị ka a ga-asị na ọ bụ "akwụkwọ akụkọ n'ezie."<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Laure Hillerin|url=https://www.babelio.com/auteur/Laure-Hillerin/117417|accessdate=2026-01-25|work=Babelio|language=fr}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=Laure Hillerin|url=https://www.associationdesfemmesdiplomees.fr/nos-actions/14eme-salon-des-livres-de-femmes/laure-hillerin/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=AFFDU - Association Française des Femmes Diplômées des Universités|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Mgbe o bipụtara akwụkwọ ya akpọrọ ''The Duchess of Berry,'' ọ malitere inwe mmasị pụrụ iche n'oge Belle Époque nke Europe (1871–1914), ebe Hillerin họọrọ ime nnyocha gbasara ndị ọzọ a chefuru echefu ma na-adọrọ mmasị n'akụkọ ihe mere eme. Akwụkwọ ya gbasara Countess Greffulhe, onye dọtara ndị isi obodo Paris ruo ihe karịrị ọkara narị afọ, gụnyere nkọwa nke mmetụta ya a na-amaghị ama n'oge ya na otu o si bụrụ ihe mkpali dị mkpa maka onye edemede na onye edemede France bụ Marcel Proust.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Hillerin|first=Laure|title=Laure Hillerin - livres et romans de l'auteur aux Editions Flammarion|url=https://editions.flammarion.com/Auteurs/hillerin-laure|accessdate=2026-01-25|work=editions.flammarion.com|language=fr}}</ref> Akwụkwọ Hillerin nke akpọrọ ''For Better or for Worse'' bụ gbasara onye France a ma ama bụ Boni de Castellane na nwunye ya bụ onye America a ma ama bụ Anna Gould, onye a maara n'oge ahụ dị ka "onye nketa nke akụnụba kachasị ukwuu na America."<ref>{{Cite web|author=Hillerin|first=Laure|title=Pour le plaisir et pour le pire de Laure Hillerin - Editions Flammarion|url=https://editions.flammarion.com/pour-le-plaisir-et-pour-le-pire/9782081427136|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=editions.flammarion.com|language=fr}}</ref> Hillerin kọwara di na nwunye a ma ama na-alụ ọgụ nke ọma bụ́ ndị biri ndụ n'oge Belle Époque na ọdịda nke Europe ochie, ndị wuru ebe obibi mara mma na nke a ma ama, Palais Rose de l'avenue Foch, na Paris (ka a ghara ịghọta ya na Pink Palace ọzọ dị na Yvelines, France). Na 1969, ndị nketa di na nwunye ahụ bibiri obí Avenue Foch iji mepụta ụzọ maka ụlọ ọgbara ọhụrụ.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Hillerin|first=Laure|title=Laure Hillerin - livres et romans de l'auteur aux Editions Flammarion|url=https://editions.flammarion.com/Auteurs/hillerin-laure|accessdate=2026-01-25|work=editions.flammarion.com|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHillerin">Hillerin, Laure. [https://editions.flammarion.com/Auteurs/hillerin-laure "Laure Hillerin - livres et romans de l'auteur aux Editions Flammarion"]. ''editions.flammarion.com'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-01-25</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Palais Rose - American Aristocracy|url=https://americanaristocracy.com/houses/palais-rose|accessdate=2026-01-25|work=americanaristocracy.com}}</ref> Onye edemede ya ọzọ, Céleste Albaret,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Laure Hillerin|url=https://www.babelio.com/auteur/Laure-Hillerin/117417|accessdate=2026-01-25|work=Babelio|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.babelio.com/auteur/Laure-Hillerin/117417 "Laure Hillerin"]. ''Babelio'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-01-25</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> bụ nwanyị sitere n'ezinụlọ ndị ọrụ ugbo n'ugwu etiti France onye tinyere ndu ya n'kwado Marcel Proust ka o nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ n'akwụkwọ ya. Albaret lụrụ onye ọkwọ ụgbọala nke onye edemede ahụ wee banye n'ọrụ Proust na Ọgọst 1914 dị ka onye na-elekọta ụlọ ya, mana n'oge na-adịghị anya ọ ghọrọ onye na-eche echiche na mkpali ya, na nọọsụ ya. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 1922, Albaret raara ndụ ya niile nye ichebe aha ya na ọrụ ya. Maka nraranye ya, e mere Albaret ka ọ bụrụ Onyeisi nke French Order of Arts and Letters.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1984|title=Celeste Albaret, 92, Is Dead; Helped Proust in Last Years|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/28/obituaries/celeste-albaret-92-is-dead-helped-proust-in-last-years.html|accessdate=2026-01-25|work=The New York Times}}</ref> === nsọpụrụ === Hillerin na-eje ozi na ndị ọkaikpe maka ihe nrite Céleste Albaret.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=Laure Hillerin|url=https://www.associationdesfemmesdiplomees.fr/nos-actions/14eme-salon-des-livres-de-femmes/laure-hillerin/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=AFFDU - Association Française des Femmes Diplômées des Universités|language=fr-FR}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.associationdesfemmesdiplomees.fr/nos-actions/14eme-salon-des-livres-de-femmes/laure-hillerin/ "Laure Hillerin"]. ''AFFDU - Association Française des Femmes Diplômées des Universités'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-01-26</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Fiche contact Laure Hillerin|url=https://ville-belle-epoque.com/laure-hillerin/|accessdate=2026-01-25|work=Ville belle époque|language=fr-FR}}</ref> O nwetara ihe nrite ahụ na 2015 maka akụkọ ndụ ya ''La comtesse Greffulhe: L'Ombre des Guermantes,'' nke e nyekwara ihe nrite Simone-Veil na ihe nrite Geneviève Moll ''coup de cœur'' maka akụkọ ndụ.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Laure Hillerin|url=https://www.associationdesfemmesdiplomees.fr/nos-actions/12%C3%A8me-salon-des-livres-de-femmes/laure-hillerin/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=AFFDU - Association Française des Femmes Diplômées des Universités- Our Actions|language=fr-FR}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.associationdesfemmesdiplomees.fr/nos-actions/12%C3%A8me-salon-des-livres-de-femmes/laure-hillerin/ "Laure Hillerin"]. ''AFFDU - Association Française des Femmes Diplômées des Universités- Our Actions'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-01-26</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Hillerin|first=Laure|title=Laure Hillerin - livres et romans de l'auteur aux Editions Flammarion|url=https://editions.flammarion.com/Auteurs/hillerin-laure|accessdate=2026-01-25|work=editions.flammarion.com|language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHillerin">Hillerin, Laure. [https://editions.flammarion.com/Auteurs/hillerin-laure "Laure Hillerin - livres et romans de l'auteur aux Editions Flammarion"]. ''editions.flammarion.com'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-01-25</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu Society of Friends of Marcel Proust na nke Friends of Combray na nke otu Proustian literary circuit of Cabourg-Balbec, ọ bụkwa onye otu SGDL (Society of People of Letters).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Fiche contact Laure Hillerin|url=https://ville-belle-epoque.com/laure-hillerin/|accessdate=2026-01-25|work=Ville belle époque|language=fr-FR}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://ville-belle-epoque.com/laure-hillerin/ "Fiche contact Laure Hillerin"]. ''Ville belle époque'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-01-25</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> == Ọrụ ndị ahọpụtara == * ''Charles na Camilla: Ihe Nzuzo nke Ahụhụ'' . Albin Michel, 1998, 333 p. * ''2000 na Otu Ale''. Mbipụta Mbụ, 1999, 227 p. * ''"On ne prêt que les riche: Mémoires d'un Prince de l'arnaque" (Naanị ndị ọgaranya na-enweta ego mgbazinye: Memoirs of a Prince of Swindling''), na Armand de La Rochefoucauld. Albin Michel, 2001, 307 p. * ''Ihe Na-enweghị Uche: Nkwurịta Okwu Na-adịghị Atụ nke Ndị Hụrụ Abụọ n'Anya N'oge Mgbanwe'', akwụkwọ akụkọ. Mercure de France, coll. "Le Mercure galant", 2005, 160 p. * ''Duchess nke Berry: Nnụnụ Ndị Na-enupụ Isi nke Bourbons.'' Ndị Nduzi Flammarion, usoro "Great Biographys", 2010, pp 541. E bipụtara ya ọzọ na Nọvemba 2016 * ''Countess Greffulhe: Onyinyo nke Guermantes''. Flammarion, 2014, pp 570. E bipụtara ya ọzọ na 2018 na nchịkọta akwụkwọ Libre Champs Flammarion * ''Nkwanye Ùgwù: Akwụkwọ Mmalite Obi Ụtọ nke Ịchọ Oge Gbapụrụ Agbanwe'' . Flammarion, 2016, 338 pp. . E bipụtara ya ọzọ na Mee 2022 na nchịkọta akwụkwọ Champs Essais Flammarion * ''Maka mma ma ọ bụ ihe ọjọọ: Ndụ ọgba aghara nke Anna Gould na Boni de Castellane.'' Flammarion Publishers, 2019 * ''Nchọ Céleste Albaret: Nnyocha A Na-ebipụtaghị n'ime Njide Marcel Proust''. Flammarion, 2021 E bipụtara ya ọzọ na Machị 2024 na nchịkọta akwụkwọ Libre Champs Flammarion == Ihe nrite na ihe pụrụ iche == === Ihe nrite === * 2010: Edepụtara aha maka ihe nrite Chateaubriand maka ''La Duchesse de Berry: L'Oiseau nnupụisi des Bourbons''<ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-11-08|title=Histoire : Prix Chateaubriand 2010|url=https://www.toutpourlesfemmes.com/archive/histoire-prix-chateaubriand-2010|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=Tout Pour Les Femmes|language=fr}}</ref> * 2015: Ihe nrite Céleste Albaret maka ''Countess Greffulhe: The Shadow of the Guermantes'' * 2015: Ihe nrite Simone-Veil Special Jury Prize maka ''Countess Greffulhe: The Shadow of the Guermantes'' * 2015: Onye meriri ihe nrite Geneviève Moll maka akụkọ ndụ ya maka ''Countess Greffulhe: The Shadow of the Guermantes''<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=Laure Hillerin|url=https://www.associationdesfemmesdiplomees.fr/nos-actions/14eme-salon-des-livres-de-femmes/laure-hillerin/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=AFFDU - Association Française des Femmes Diplômées des Universités|language=fr-FR}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.associationdesfemmesdiplomees.fr/nos-actions/14eme-salon-des-livres-de-femmes/laure-hillerin/ "Laure Hillerin"]. ''AFFDU - Association Française des Femmes Diplômées des Universités'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-01-26</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> * 2021: Ihe nrite Geneviève Moll maka akụkọ ndụ maka ''ịchọ Céleste Albaret: Nnyocha a na-ebipụtabeghị banyere Marcel Proust's A tụrụ mkpọrọ''<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Accueil|url=https://www.laure-hillerin.fr/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=www.laure-hillerin.fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.laure-hillerin.fr/ "Accueil"]. ''www.laure-hillerin.fr''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-01-26</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Laure Hillerin, lauréate du Prix de la biographie Geneviève Moll 2021|url=https://actualitte.com/article/102785/auteurs/laure-hillerin-laureate-du-prix-de-la-biographie-genevieve-moll-2021|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=ActuaLitté.com|language=fr-FR}}</ref> * 2022: E depụtara ihe nrite Goncourt maka akụkọ ndụ mmadụ maka ''In Search of Céleste Albaret: Nnyocha a na-ebipụtaghị ebipụta banyere Marcel Proust's Captive''<ref name=":3" /> === Ihe dị iche === * na 2021: enyere ya ọkwa Knight nke Order of Arts and Letters<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Fiche contact Laure Hillerin|url=https://ville-belle-epoque.com/laure-hillerin/|accessdate=2026-01-25|work=Ville belle époque|language=fr-FR}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://ville-belle-epoque.com/laure-hillerin/ "Fiche contact Laure Hillerin"]. ''Ville belle époque'' (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-01-25</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> == Ntụaka == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hillerin, Laure}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] g4litdjoxueujosho9x6by4fex14v6x 0 75879 638170 2026-05-17T07:57:05Z Confidence24 24524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1304387485|Isabelle Hausser]]" 638170 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Isabelle Hausse'''r (amụrụ na 14 Nọvemba 1953 na Saint-Donat-sur-l'Herbasse n'ulo ngalaba Drôme) bụ onye France na-ede akwụkwọ na onye ntụgharị asụsụ.[1] == Akụkọ Ndụ == O tolitere na ndịda Sahara Afrịka na Bordeaux. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux. O nwere nzere masta na iwu ọha ma bụrụkwa onye bụbu nwa akwụkwọ na École nationale d'administration na Strasbourg. Site na 1978 ruo 1987, ọ bụ onye ikpe nchịkwa na Administrative Tribunal nke Paris. Ọ lụrụ onye diplomat Michel Duclos [de], ma soro ya gaa ebe ọrụ dị iche iche: na Moscow site na 1987 ruo 1991 ebe ọ nọ n'ọkwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na Germany, 1994, Brussels, 1998, 2002, New York, Damascus na Siria site na 2006 ruo 2009. O mere ya mbụ na 1986 site na akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Célubée'' nke mechara nwee ọtụtụ mbipụta. Na 1994, e nyere ya prix des Libraires maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Nitchevo''. Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nke ya, Isabelle Hausser-Duclos sụgharịrị ọrụ iri na ise site na asụsụ German, Bekee, Czech na Polish. == Ndekọ Akwụkwọ == === Akwụkwọ akụkọ === * 1986: ''Célubée'', Julliard, na Éditions de Fallois [fr], 2000 * 1987: ''Une nuit'', Julliard * 1993: ''Nitchevo'', de Fallois, prix des libraires 1994 * 1996: ''Les magiciens de l'âme'', de Fallois * 1998: ''La chambre sourde'', de Fallois * 2001: ''La table des enfants'', de Fallois, * 2003: ''Une comedie familiale'', de Fallois * 2006: ''Lepass des ombres'', de Fallois * 2010: ''Petit Seigneur'', de Fallois * 2014: ''Les couleurs du sultan'', Buchet/Chastel [fr] === Ntụgharị asụsụ === * 1987: ''Le Chock du futur'' (Mgbochi Ọdịnihu) nke Alvin Toffler, Éditions Gallimard * 1993: ''Olympe de Gouges 1748-1793.'' ''Courtisane et militante des droits de la femme'', nke Paul Noack dere, de Fallois * 1995: ''Whiskey américain'' (Amerykańska whiskey) nke Andrzej Szczypiorski dere, de Fallois. * 1996: ''Stefan Zweig, mpịakọta nke 3: edemede'', nke Stefan Zweig, LGF/ Livre de Poche * 1996: ''Les prodiges de la vie'', nke Stefan Zweig, LGF * 1997: ''Album Zweig'', nke Stefan Zweig, LGF * 1997: ''Je voulais l'unité de l'Allemagne'', nke Helmut Kohl, de Fallois dere. * 1999: ''Derrick na Moi: mes deux vies'', nke Horst Tappert dere, de Fallois * 2000: ''Mort transgénique'', nke Linda Grant, LGF * 2000: ''L'heure étoilée du meurtrier'' (Hvězdná hodina vrahů) nke Pavel Kohout, de Fallois, . * 2004: ''L'incendie.'' ''L'Allemagne sous les bombu 1940-1945'', nke Jörg Friedrich, de Fallois dere * 2005: ''Ne tirez pas sur l'oiseau moqueur'', nke Harper Lee, de Fallois: imeghari na imelite ntụgharị asụsụ na ihu akwụkwọ ozi. * 2006: ''Le chirurgien ambulant'', nke Wolf Serno dere, de Fallois * 2006: ''Le Centre nwere ike ịpụta ìhè: la pensée politique des doctrinaires sous la Restauration'', nke Aurelian Craiutu, Plon dere * 2008: ''Le Chirurgien de Campodios'', nke Wolf Serno, de Fallois dere * 2009: ''Louis-Philippe.'' ''Le prince et le roi. La France entre deux révolutions'' nke Munro Price, de Fallois == Ihe nrite akwụkwọ == * 1994: prix des libraires maka ''Nitchevo'' * 2001: Grand Prix Jean-Giono maka ''La table des enfants'' * 2002: Grand Prix des lectrices de <nowiki><i id="mweQ">Elle</i></nowiki> maka ''La table des enfants'' * 2004: prix silhouette du 7e art maka ''Une comédie familiale'' * 2006: prix du jury des lecteurs de Vivre Plus maka ''Lepass des ombres'' == Ntụaka == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6tjv6j6sax73wuwl2q1cxynhmwoy53s 0 75880 638179 2026-05-17T10:19:47Z Confidence24 24524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1341644902|Hélène Hatzfeld]]" 638179 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Hélène Hatzfeld''' bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke France. O bipụtala akwụkwọ gbasara isiokwu dịka usoro sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, mgbanwe nke ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, mmepe ọhụrụ n'obodo Louviers site na afọ 1960 ruo afọ 1980, yana akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ndị otu aka ekpe na mmegharị oha n'afọ 1970. A kpọtụrụ aha nyocha Hatzfeld, ma ọ bụ a gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ, n'ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi dịka France Culture,<ref>{{Cite news|author=Laurentin|first=Emmanuel|date=17 January 2019|title=Rendre le pouvoir aux citoyens? Louviers 1965-1983|work=France Culture|url=https://www.franceculture.fr/emissions/la-fabrique-de-lhistoire/rendre-le-pouvoir-aux-citoyens-louviers-1965-1983|accessdate=15 May 2020}}</ref> France Inter,<ref>{{Cite news|date=4 May 2020|title="Monsieur le Président, cet oubli de l'art et de la culture, réparez-le!"|work=France Inter|url=https://www.franceinter.fr/culture/monsieur-le-president-cet-oubli-de-l-art-et-de-la-culture-reparez-le|accessdate=15 May 2020}}</ref> ''Paris-Normandie'' ( [[:fr:Paris-Normandie|Fr]]).<ref>{{Cite news|author=Clier|first=Audrey|date=4 May 2018|title=" La politique à la ville, inventions citoyennes à Louviers " : Hélène Hatzfeld se livre|work=Paris-Normandie|url=https://www.paris-normandie.fr/actualites/politique/la-politique-a-la-ville-inventions-citoyennes-a-louviers--helene-hatzfeld-se-livre-DI12924575|accessdate=15 May 2020}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Hatzfeld si [[Lyon]].<ref name="profile">{{Cite web|url=http://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=auteurs&obj=artiste&no=21175|title=Hélène Hatzfeld|publisher=[[Éditions L'Harmattan]]|language=fr|accessdate=16 May 2020}}</ref> Ọ gara Sciences Po, ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na doctorate na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na 1987.<ref name="thesis">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sudoc.fr/043797520|title=Hélène Hatzfeld thesis SUDOC|accessdate=16 May 2020|language=fr}}</ref> Isiokwu edemede ya bụ ''Les relations entre le Parti sociale, la CFDT et le movement social de 1971 à 1981'', Georges Lavau ([[:fr:Georges Lavau|Fr]]) na-elekọtakwa ya.<ref name="thesis" /> Kemgbe afọ 1991, Hatzfeld na-akụzi ihe na Sciences Po. Site na 1994 ruo 2007, Hatzfeld bụkwa prọfesọ nke Sayensị Mmadụ na Mmekọrịta Mmadụ na Mahadum Lyon nke Architecture ([[:fr:École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon|Fr]]).<ref name="profile">{{Cite web|url=http://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=auteurs&obj=artiste&no=21175|title=Hélène Hatzfeld|publisher=[[Éditions L'Harmattan]]|language=fr|accessdate=16 May 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=auteurs&obj=artiste&no=21175 "Hélène Hatzfeld"] (in French). [[Éditions L'Harmattan]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Mahadum Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne na Mahadum Paris nke Abụọ Panthéon-Assas.<ref name="profile" /> Hatzfeld amụọla etu ọrụ na izi ezi nke ụdị ọrụ mmekọrịta dị iche iche si dị, na 1998 o bipụtara akwụkwọ ''Construire de nouvelles légitimités en travail social'' nke na-amụ ọrụ nke ndị ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze [[:fr:Institut régional du travail social|nke a kpọrọ]] ọkwa nke atọ.<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Meyer|author=Vincent|title=Review of Construire de nouvelles légitimités en travail social|journal=Droit et Société|volume=42-43|pages=560–562|year=1999}}</ref> Na 2000, Hatzfeld na Jackie Spiegelstein bipụtara akwụkwọ gbasara usoro nlele na sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, nke a kpọrọ ''Méthodologie de l'observation sociale''.<ref name="profile">{{Cite web|url=http://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=auteurs&obj=artiste&no=21175|title=Hélène Hatzfeld|publisher=[[Éditions L'Harmattan]]|language=fr|accessdate=16 May 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=auteurs&obj=artiste&no=21175 "Hélène Hatzfeld"] (in French). [[Éditions L'Harmattan]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> Hatzfeld bụkwa onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ na 2000, nke a kpọrọ ''Banlieues, villes de demain: Vaulx-en-Velin au-delà de l'image'', nke bụ nchịkọta edemede nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ahụ maka ụlọ na echiche maka imewe obodo.<ref>{{Cite journal|first=François|author=Tomas|title=Banlieues: villes de demain, "Vaulx-en-Velin au-delà de l'image"|journal=Les Annales de la Recherche Urbaine|volume=90|issue=1|pages=208–210|date=2001}}</ref> Hatzfeld lekwasiri anya n'akuku etinyela uche n'ọtụtụ nnyocha ya n'akụkọ ihe mere eme ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke afọ 1970, ọkachasị echiche nke ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dịka ndị otu aka ekpe, ndị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na mmegharị mmekọrịta ọhụrụ si egosipụta. O nyochachara ihe mmụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mmegharị mmekọrịta ọha na eze na afọ 1970 n'akwụkwọ ''Faire de la politique autrement'' nke afọ 2005. ''Les expériences inachevées des années 1970'',<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Michel|author=Dreyfus|title=Review Faire de la politique autrement. Les expériences inachevées des années|language=fr|journal=Revue internationale de l'économie sociale|volume=301|pages=93|year=2006|doi=10.7202/1021571ar}}</ref> ma bipụta akwụkwọ 2018 gbasara mmepe ọhụrụ na Louviers n'oge site na 1965 ruo 1983.<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Tristan|author=Loubes|title=Review La politique a la ville, inventions citoyennes a Louviers|journal=Urban History Review|volume=46|issue=2|pages=87|date=22 March 2018}}</ref> == Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ == * ''Ịrụ ọrụ ọha na eze ọhụrụ'', Dunod Editions ([[:fr:Éditions Dunod|Fr]]) (1998) * Méthodologie de l'observation sociale, Dunod Editions, na Jackie Spiegelstein (2000) * Mpaghara, obodo echi: Vaulx-en-Velin au-delà de l'image, mbipụta nke CERTU (2000) * ''Na-eme ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'ụzọ dị iche. Nnyocha ndị a na-akparaghị ókè n'afọ ndị 1970'', Presses Universitaires de Rennes (2005) * ''Ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị: gịnị ka anyị ga-eji mechie ọnụ?'' [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Ọchịchị obodo. Ihe omuma ndi mmadu na Louviers (1965-1983), Presses Universitaires de Rennes (2018) == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] 6v0wuou0zgsgq1utsrr6w8xndj5lusf 0 75881 638181 2026-05-17T10:35:34Z Confidence24 24524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354164703|Myriam Harry]]" 638181 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Myriam Harry''' bụ aha edemede nke '''Maria Rosette Shapira''' (Eprel 1869 – 10 Maachị 1958), onye nta akụkọ na onye edemede France.[1][2] Ada Moses Wilhelm na Anna Magdalena Rosette Shapira (née Jöckel), amụrụ ya na [[Jerusalem]]. Nna ya, onye si [[Yukrain|Ukraine]] na Czarist Russia ma bụrụ onye a tọghatara site na [[Judaism|okpukpe ndị Juu]] gaa na Iso Ụzọ Kraịst, gburu onwe ya, ezinụlọ ya kwagakwara Berlin. O mechara kwaga Paris.<ref name="career">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9HD1N28_MAMC&pg=PA220|title=Career Stories: Belle Époque Novels of Professional Development|author=Rogers|first=Juliette M|year=2007|isbn=978-0271032689|publisher=Penn State Press}}</ref> Ọ ghọrọ odeakwụkwọ Jules Lemaître.<ref name="jvl">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0008_0_08458.html|title=Myriam Harry|work=Jewish Virtual Library}}</ref> Shapira rụrụ ọrụ na ''La Fronde'' ma deekwa ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ na Paris. Na 1902, o bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, ''Petites Épouses''. Ọrụ ya nke afọ 1903 bụ ''La Conquête de Jérusalem'' natara Prix Femina mbụ, nke e mepụtara na 1904 karịsịa maka ya, ebe ọ bụ na a chụpụrụ ya na nlele maka Prix Goncourt n'ihi na ọ bụ nwanyị.<ref name="Femina">{{Cite web|title=Prix Femina 1904 : La conquête de Jérusalem de Myriam Harry|work=Prix Femina website|url=http://www.prixfemina.org/post/130403088615/prix-1904-la-conquete-de-jerusalem-de-myriam-harry|accessdate=3 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="career" /> Na 1904, Shapira lụrụ Emile Perrault.<ref name="career">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9HD1N28_MAMC&pg=PA220|title=Career Stories: Belle Époque Novels of Professional Development|author=Rogers|first=Juliette M|year=2007|isbn=978-0271032689|publisher=Penn State Press}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRogers2007">Rogers, Juliette M (2007). [https://books.google.com/books?id=9HD1N28_MAMC&pg=PA220 ''Career Stories: Belle Époque Novels of Professional Development'']. Penn State Press. p.&nbsp;220. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0271032689|<bdi>978-0271032689</bdi>]].</cite></ref> O dekwara akụkọ banyere njem ya na Middle East, Africa na Asia.<ref name="jvl">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0008_0_08458.html|title=Myriam Harry|work=Jewish Virtual Library}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0008_0_08458.html "Myriam Harry"]. ''Jewish Virtual Library''.</cite></ref> Akụkọ ya gbasara ikpe ndị nnupụisi a na-ebo ebubo igbu ndị France bi na Thala-Kasserine Disturbances nyere aka n'ịhụ na a ga-emere ndị a mara ikpe ọnwụ ebere.<ref>[http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k2389084/f3. « Impressions tunisiennes. Autour de l’affaire de Thala-Kasserine », ''Le Temps'', 23 février 1907, {{p.|3}}]</ref><ref>[http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/outre_0300-9513_1967_num_54_194_1445 Charles-André Julien, « Colons français et Jeunes Tunisiens (1882-1912) », ''Revue française d’histoire d’outre-mer'', vol. 54, No.&nbsp;194, 1967, {{p.|96}}]</ref> Ọ nwụrụ na Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. == Ọrụ ndị ahọpụtara == Isi mmalite:<ref name="jvl">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0008_0_08458.html|title=Myriam Harry|work=Jewish Virtual Library}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0008_0_08458.html "Myriam Harry"]. ''Jewish Virtual Library''.</cite></ref> * ''Egwu La Divine'' (1911) * ''La petite fille de Jérusalem'' (1914) * ''Siona chez les Barbares'' (1918) * ''Siona à Paris'' (1919) * ''Le Tendre cantique de Siona'' (1922) * ''Les Amants de Sion'' (1923) * ''La Nuit de Jerusalem'' (1928) * ''La Jérusalem retrouvée'' (1930) == Ntụaka == Cécile Chombard Gaudin, "L'Orient dévoilé - Sur les traces de Myriam Harry, biographie", Levallois, mbipụta Turquoise, 2019<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] d0au4b3qzjc0flvq7h1417fxm2em424 0 75882 638182 2026-05-17T10:44:19Z Confidence24 24524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1264631386|Odette Joyeux]]" 638182 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Odette Joyeux''' (5 Disemba 1914 &#x2013; 26 Ọgọst 2000) bụ onye France na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-ede egwuregwu ogbo na onye ode akwụkwọ akụkọ. == Akụkọ Ndụ == A mụrụ ya na Paris, ebe ọ mụrụ ịgba egwu na Paris Opera Ballet tupu ọ banye n'egwuregwu ogbo. Joyeux malitere ọrụ ihe nkiri ya na 1931. Ihe nkiri mbụ mere ka a mara ya nke ọma bụ ''Entrée des artiste'' nke Marc Allégret (1938). N'afọ 1940, o guzobere onwe ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-eme ihe nkiri sinima kacha ewu ewu na France; agbanyeghị, ọ mere ihe nkiri ole na ole mgbe afọ 1950 gasịrị. Ọ lụrụ onye ome ihe nkiri Pierre Brasseur site na 1935 ruo mgbe ha gbara alụkwaghịm na 1945, onye mụrụ otu nwa, Claude Brasseur, onye bụ nna Alexandre Brasseur. N'afọ 1958, ọ lụrụ onye nduzi Philippe Agostini. Ha lụrụ di na nwunye ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na Grimaud, Var, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France site na ọrịa strok mgbe ọ dị afọ 85. == Ihe nkiri nkebi akụkụ == <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" />  == Nsọpụrụ == E mere ya ''Chevalier'' (Knight) nke Légion d'honneur na 29 Nọvemba 1989,[1] ma bulie ya n'ọkwa dịka Officer (Officer) na 1998.[1] E mere ya onyeisi (Ọfịsa) nke Ordre national du Mérite na 1994.[1] == Ihe ndetu == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0431641}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Joyeux, Odette}} hx0tp7xj33djot99rk0ihc4rjvprr8c 0 75883 638183 2026-05-17T10:46:32Z Confidence24 24524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1264631386|Odette Joyeux]]" 638183 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Odette Joyeux''' (5 Disemba 1914 &#x2013; 26 Ọgọst 2000) bụ onye France na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-ede egwuregwu ogbo na onye ode akwụkwọ akụkọ. == Akụkọ Ndụ == A mụrụ ya na Paris, ebe ọ mụrụ ịgba egwu na Paris Opera Ballet tupu ọ banye n'egwuregwu ogbo. Joyeux malitere ọrụ ihe nkiri ya na 1931. Ihe nkiri mbụ mere ka a mara ya nke ọma bụ ''Entrée des artiste'' nke Marc Allégret (1938). N'afọ 1940, o guzobere onwe ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-eme ihe nkiri sinima kacha ewu ewu na France; agbanyeghị, ọ mere ihe nkiri ole na ole mgbe afọ 1950 gasịrị. Joyeux bụ onye dere ụfọdụ egwuregwu na edemede gbasara ịgba egwu yana akwụkwọ gbasara ndụ onye mepụtara ihe ''Nicéphore Niépce''. O dekwara akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ e bu n'obi ịkpali ịgba egwu: ''L'Âge heureux'' (nke e mere ka ọ dabara na usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn) na ''Côté jardin'' . Na mgbakwunye, Joyeux dere ''The Bride Is Much Too Beautiful'' (1956) (nke e mere ka ọ dị ka ihe nkiri). Ọ lụrụ onye ome ihe nkiri Pierre Brasseur site na 1935 ruo mgbe ha gbara alụkwaghịm na 1945, onye mụrụ otu nwa, Claude Brasseur, onye bụ nna Alexandre Brasseur. N'afọ 1958, ọ lụrụ onye nduzi Philippe Agostini. Ha lụrụ di na nwunye ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na Grimaud, Var, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France site na ọrịa strok mgbe ọ dị afọ 85. == Ihe nkiri nkebi akụkụ == <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" />  == Nsọpụrụ == E mere ya ''Chevalier'' (Knight) nke Légion d'honneur na 29 Nọvemba 1989,[1] ma bulie ya n'ọkwa dịka Officer (Officer) na 1998.[1] E mere ya onyeisi (Ọfịsa) nke Ordre national du Mérite na 1994.[1] == Ihe ndetu == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0431641}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Joyeux, Odette}} 22z8fq6aifahxgx1jx75286mtw8x8rd 0 75884 638185 2026-05-17T11:18:28Z Confidence24 24524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345375890|Luba Jurgenson]]" 638185 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luba Jurgenson''' (amuru na 1 Julaị n'afo 1958) bụ ekiri na-asụrụ French nke nwere akwụkwọ ozi. Ọ bụkwa onye na atụgharị asusu, onye na-eme ihe nkiri maître de conférences na onye nduzi (ya na Anne Coldefy-Faucard) nke usoro ihe nkiri "Poustiaki" na editions Verdier [fr].[1] Akwụkwọ akuko ya Au lieu du péril (2014) nyere ya mmeri nke Prix Valery Larbaud na 2015. == Akụkọ Ndụ == A mụrụ ya na Mọsko, nke bụbu USSR, ọ bụkwa onye Estonia na omenala ndị Russia, mana ọ kwagara Paris na 1975 mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii. Luba Jurgenson bụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara asụsụ Russian (1997) ma nwee PhD na Slavic Studies (2001). Ọ bụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara akwụkwọ Russian na Mahadum Paris-Sorbonne. Ọ na-eme nnyocha nke ọma n'ihe gbasara akwụkwọ ndị a na-agụ n'ogige ndị ahụ.[1] Mgbe agha Russia-Ukrainian tiwapụrụ, Jurgenson mere mkpesa megide agha na mgbasa ozi French: "Il faut porter la cause de l'Ukraine à l'Assemblée nationale".[1] == Ntụgharị asụsụ == Nsụgharị ya a kacha mara amara bụ: * 1986: Ivan Goncharov, ''Oblomov'', Editions L'Âge d'Homme * 1991: Ana Novac, ''Les Accidents de l'âme'' * 1997-1999, 2003 Nina Berberova, ''Les Petits Ndị Rom, Borodine, Le Cap des tempêtes'', Actes Sud, * 2004: Leonid Guirchovitch, ''Apologie de la fuite'', Verdier * 2009: Vladimir Toporov, ''Apologie de Pluchkine'', Verdier - Prix Russophonie [fr] 2011, maka nsụgharị kacha mma; * 2013: Panteleimon Romanov, ''Camarade Kisliakov'', Éditions Héros-Limite; ahọpụtara ntụgharị asụsụ na Prix Russophonie 2015 == Ọrụ == * ''Les Russes et la Traversée du siècle'' * ''Soljenitsyne na Destin russe'' * ''Akwụkwọ ikike akwụkwọ''. * ''Une autre vie'' * ''La Dourova'' * ''Boutique de vie'' * ''Moskọu'' * ''Le Serpent blu'' * ''Lettres à un ami, akwụkwọ ozi avec Isaac Glikman'' * ''La Belle de Moscou'' * ''Mère na fim'' * ''Avoir sommeil'' * ''Le Chamane'' * ''Tolstoï'' * ''Agụmakwụkwọ abalị'' * ''L'Autre'' * ''À la recherche de l'argent perdu'' * ''Ahụmahụ ịta ahụhụ est-elle indicible?'' * ''Okike na Tyrannie: URSS 1917 - 1991'' * ''Au lieu du péril'', 2014, Éditions Verdier, Lagrasse,<ref name="RDL">{{Cite web|url=http://larepubliquedeslivres.com/les-deux-corps-du-bilingue/|title=Les deux corps du bilingue|publisher=Critic by [[Pierre Assouline]] du livre « Au lieu du péril » in "la République des Livres"|accessdate=8 December 2016}}.</ref> Prix Valery Larbaud na 2015. == Ndekọ Akwụkwọ == * 2008: Murielle Lucie Clément, ''Écrivains franco-russes'', Faux titre, p. 200 * 2007: Axel Gasquet, ''Écrivains multilingues na ecritures métisses…'', Presses universitaires Blaise-Pascal, p. 14, 181–188 == Ihe ndetu == {{Reflist|group=note}}<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> == Ntụaka == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.m-e-l.fr/luba-jurgenson,ec,140 Luba Jurgenson] na MEL * [http://next.liberation.fr/culture/2014/08/07/luba-jurgenson-a-double-sens_1077107 Luba Jurgenson, ''nwere mmetụta abụọ''] na ''nnwere onwe'' (7 Ọgọst 2014) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ql_vIaDkWzo Conférence de Luba Jurgenson ''Le bilinguisme: communiquer avec l'étranger en soi''] na YouTube {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Jurgenson, Luba}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] r9ebarpwqsho77hobeqf81ktqc7cbcf 0 75885 638186 2026-05-17T11:19:28Z Confidence24 24524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322729635|Isabelle Jarry]]" 638186 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Isabelle_Jarry-FIG_1995.jpg|thumb|Isabelle Jarry-FIG 1995]] '''Isabelle Jarry''' (akpa na 2 Ọktoba 1959 na Paris) bụ onye edemede na onye edemede France. Ọ bụ onye so na Board of Directors nke Maison des écrivains et de la littérature.[1] Ọ bụ onye chevalier nke Ordre des Arts et des Lettres == Ọrụ == * 1990: Théodore Monod, Paris, Plon, 239 p. * 1990: Mémoires d'un naturaliste voyageur, ya na Théodore Monod, akara ngosi. nke Jean-Marc Durou, okwu nke Jean Rouch, Marseille, Éditions AGEP usoro, "Mémoires d'aujourd'hui", 180 p. * 1991: Voyage au Ténéré, Paris, 200 p. * 1992: L'homme de la passerelle, Paris, Éditions du Seuil usoro, "Cadre Rouge", 185 p. Prix ​​du Premier Roman 1992.[1] * 1990: L'Archange perdu, Mbipụta Mercure de France, usoro "Bleue", 345 p. , Prix Anna de Noailles de l'Académie française (1995) * 1993: William Wilson de 1983 à 1993, Paris, Comptoir général d'Édition, 221 p. * 1995: Vingt-trois lettres d'Amérique, Paris, Éditions Fayard, 221 p. :: - Prix Amerigo Vespucci 1995[1] * 1996: ''Emportez-moi sans me briser'', Paris, Éditions Fayard, 312 p. * 1997: ''La Pluie des mangues.'' ''Histoires contemporaines du Cambodge'', foto. nke Yves Gellie, Paris, Éditions Marval, 180 p. * 1998: ''Au ciel les nuages.'' ''Hommage à Dominique Bagouet'', Editions Marval * 1999: ''Le Jardin Yamata'', Paris, Stock, 228 p. * 2000: ''Il était une fois...'' ''l'enfance'', photographies du fonds Roger Viollet, Paris, Éditions Plume, 111 p. * 2002: ''Au Desert'', Paris, mbipụta Éditions Desclée de Brouwer [ fr ], 149 p. * 2003: ''George Orwell, cent ans d'atụmanya'', Stock, 216 p. * 2004: ''J'ai nom sans bruit'', Stock, usoro "La Bleue", 210 p. * 2007: ''Millefeuille de onze ans'', Stock, 230 p. * 2008: ''La Traversée du Desert'', Stock, 240 p. * 2009: ''Contre mes seuls ennemis'', Akụrụngwa, 203 p. * 2011: ''La Voix des êtres aimés'', Stock, usoro "La Bleue", 304 p. * 2015: ''Magique aujourd'hui'', Éditions Gallimard, "mkpokọta Blanche", 336 p. '''Akwụkwọ ndị ntorobịa''' * 2004: ''Aglaé en Inde'', na William Wilson, Paris, Jalan Publications, 40 p. * 2007: ''Balthazar au jardin'', na William Wilson, Paris, Gallimard Jeunesse, usoro "Hors série Giboulée", 37 p. * 2008: ''Ma folle semaine avec Papyrus'', ọrịa. nke Aurore Callias, Gallimard Jeunesse, usoro "Giboulées", 101 p. * 2011: ''Le Bal de la Saint-Valentin: Une aventure de Titus et Papyrus'', ọrịa. nke Aurore Callias, Gallimard Jeunesse, usoro "Giboulées", 120 p. * 2011: ''Zqwick le robot: Une aventure de Titus et Papyrus'', ọrịa. d'Aurore Callias, Gallimard Jeunesse, usoro "Hors série Giboulées", 108 p. '''Mbipụta akpa''' * 1994: L'Homme de la passerelle, Points Seuil * 1996: L'Archange perdu, Folio Gallimard * 1998: Emportez-moi enweghị m briser, Le Livre de Poche * 2001: Le Jardin Yamata, Le Livre de Poche * 2006: J’ai nom sans bruit, Folio Gallimard * 2008: Millefeuille de onze ans, Folio Gallimard == Ntụaka == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.babelio.com/auteur/Isabelle-Jarry/7816 Isabelle Jarry] na Babelio * [http://www.gallimard.fr/Catalogue/GALLIMARD/Blanche/Magique-aujourd-hui Isabelle Jarry] na mbipụta Gallimard * [http://www.academie-francaise.fr/isabelle-jarry Isabelle Jarry] na saịtị nke Académie française {{Authority control}}<templatestyles src="Module:Portal bar/styles.css"></templatestyles>  [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] sq9jndju9nj1yl3nkwcb6s9i7yp4l7b 0 75886 638188 2026-05-17T11:48:06Z Confidence24 24524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334522435|Thilda Harlor]]" 638188 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Thilda_Harlor.png|thumb|Thilda Harlor na 1920]] '''Thilda Harlor''' (amụrụ '''Jeanne Fernande Perrot'''; Ọgọst 7, 1871, Paris – Disemba 28, 1970)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archives.paris.fr/arkotheque/visionneuse/visionneuse.php?arko=YTo2OntzOjQ6ImRhdGUiO3M6MTA6IjIwMjAtMDUtMTQiO3M6MTA6InR5cGVfZm9uZHMiO3M6MTE6ImFya29fc2VyaWVsIjtzOjQ6InJlZjEiO2k6NDtzOjQ6InJlZjIiO2k6MjcwMjk2O3M6MTY6InZpc2lvbm5ldXNlX2h0bWwiO2I6MTtzOjIxOiJ2aXNpb25uZXVzZV9odG1sX21vZGUiO3M6NDoicHJvZCI7fQ==#uielem_move=428.79998779296875%2C75&uielem_islocked=0&uielem_zoom=60&uielem_brightness=0&uielem_contrast=0&uielem_isinverted=0&uielem_rotate=F|title=1979 Décès Paris 05|work=Sterbearchiv des 5. Arondissements von Paris|date=2023-12-12}}</ref> bụ onye edemede France, onye na-ede akụkọ ndụ, onye na-akatọ nka, onye nta akụkọ gbasara ụmụ nwanyị na onye <nowiki><i id="mwEg">nwanyị</i></nowiki>. == Ndụ == Ọ bụ ada nke onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ kemistrị bụ Eugène Dominique Perrot (1844–1884) na onye na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị na onye nta akụkọ bụ Amélie Hammer (1851–1943), onye a mụrụ Amélie Sylvie Ragon. Nna ya hapụrụ ezinụlọ ya mgbe ọ ka bụ nwata. Nne ya lụrụ onye na-akpọ violin na onye na-ede egwu bụ Richard Hammer (1828–1907) na 1886. Jeanne nwetara agụmakwụkwọ egwu dị mma n'aka nna di ya ma ghọọ onye na-akpọ piano pụrụ iche.[1] N'akụkụ nne ya, ọ bụ nwa nwa nke onye edemede bụ Jean-Marie-Ragon.[2][3] Na 1895, o zutere otu nwanyị na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị bụ́ Léopold Lacour[1] (1854–1939), bụ́ onye, ​​ọ bụ ezie na ọ lụrụ di, ghọrọ onye òtù ya, na ogbako nke French League for Women's Rights Die am 16. Léon Richer na Maria Deraismes hiwere ya na 1 Eprel 1870, Association pour le droit des femmes bụ otu na-akwalite ikike ụmụ nwanyị. Na 1882, Maria Deraismes hiwere French League for Women's Rights (Ligue française pour le droit des femmes, LFDF) iji chọọ ikike obodo na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka ụmụ nwanyị, nke ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike dị ka nne ya. Na 1897, ọ ghọrọ onye nta akụkọ ma bịanye aka n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ya na aha njirimara Harlor, nke mejupụtara mkpụrụedemede atọ nke aha ya bụ́ Hammer na mkpụrụedemede atọ nke aha ya bụ́ Lacour, nna ime mmụọ abụọ ya. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-agbakwụnye aha mbụ Thilda nke na-ada ụda dị egwu.[2][3] Ọ malitere ọrụ nta akụkọ ya na magazin ikike ụmụnwaanyị bụ́ La Fronde, nke Marguerite Durand hiwere (ebe ọ bụ onyeisi ngalaba Fine Arts) ma dee maka Journal des femmes na Revue socialist, tinyere ndị ọzọ. Na 1901, o sonyere n'ito ntọala nke Conseil national des femmes françaises (National Council of French Women). Na 1904, ọ nwere esomokwu na Société nationale des beaux-arts n'ihi na ọ ụmụ nwanyị adịghị na kọmitii ya. Na 1917, ọ katọrọ ndị na-eme udo ma kwado mbọ agha ahụ. Site na ọnwụ Marguerite Durand na 1936 ruo 1945, ọ bụ onye nduzi nke Bibliothèque Marguerite-Durand.[1][2] Dịka onye edemede, o bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ na akụkọ ndụ ya, dịka ọmụmaatụ gbasara onye ya na ya na-arụkọ ọrụ bụ Léopold Lacour na onye na-ede uri bụ Gabriel Gauny.[1] E bipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ ya, Le Triomphe des vaincus (The Virumph of the Defeated), na 1908 na Barcelona na Paris. Na 1930, o nwetara Prix George Sand[2] Die Académie française verlieh ihr 1931 den Prix d'Académie[3] maka Arielle, fille des champs (Arielle, Girl of the Country), na 1944 Prix Georges Dupau[4] na na 1960 Prix Valentine-de-Wolmar[5] maka ọrụ ya zuru oke. Ọ nwụrụ na Disemba 28, 1970, n'ụlọ ya dị na 63 Boulevard Saint-Michel na Paris. E mere ka ọ dịrị ọha na eze mfe ịchọta akwụkwọ edemede ya bụ Mes chemins (1944–1945) naanị dịka ọchịchọ ya siri dị, na ncheta afọ ịrị atọ nke ọnwu ya n'afọ 2000. Bibliothèque Marguerite-Durand debere ya. == Ntụaka == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} arjaaeisacvifkxzbkfs8z5nmv414fs